INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IJOAR .

ORG
ISSN 2320-9100 1

International Journal of Advance Research, IJOAR .org

Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2015, Online: ISSN 2320-9100

RCC UNDERPASS DESIGN , MODELING AND

ANALYSIS USING PARAMETRIC STUDY OF SOIL
STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS
D.Vamshee Krishna1 and Asst. Prof. B.JAGADISH CHAKRAVARTHY2
1 - Post Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India,
520007
2 - Asst. professor, Department of Civil Engineering, V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India, 520007
vn725krishna@gmail.com
chakrime6@gmail.com

Abstract –

The Underpass RCC Bridge is very rarely adopted in bridge construction but recently the Underpass RCC Bridge is
being used for traffic movement. In this paper, the analysis of the underpass RCC bridge is carried out. The analysis of
this underpass RCC bridge is done by considering fixed end condition and the soil structure interactions at different
sections are presented. Comparison of different forces with results at different sections of the model for fixed end
condition is provided. In this study a 2D model can be effectively used for analysis purpose for the loading condition
mentioned in IRC: 6, “Standard Specifications and Code of Practice Road Bridges” The Indian Roads Congress and
Directorate of bridges & structures (2004), “Code of practice for the design of substructures and foundations of
bridges” Indian Railway Standard.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IJOAR .ORG
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1.Introduction: underpass RCC bridge is provided for city traffic

also. For that purpose live load from IRC:6-2000
The Underpass RCC Bridge is adopted in inside the underpass RCC bridge is considered.
bridge construction and used for traffic movement
and control. Since the availability of land in the
cities are less, such type of bridge utilizes less
space for its construction. Hence constructing
Figure 1: 2D-model of rcc underpass
Underpass Bridge is a better option where there is a
constraint of space or land. The RCC Bridge
consists of two horizontal and two vertical slabs.
This underpass bridge is pushed inside the
embankment by means of hydraulic jack system.
These are economical due to their rigidity and
3. load Formulations using the Parametric
monolithic action. Separate foundations are not study of SSI:
required, since the bottom slab resting directly on
3.1 Loads on the top of slab
the soil, serves as raft slab. The barrel of the
underpass should be of sufficient length to Total load for bending moment and shear force is
considered from IRS code rules specifying the
accommodate the carriageway and kerbs. For a loads for designing the superstructure and
Underpass bridge, the top slab is required to substructure of bridges and for assessing the
strength of existing bridges. For span of 8m total
withstand dead loads, live loads from moving load for bending moment 985kN and total load for
traffic, earth pressure on sidewalls and pressure on shear force is 1158kN is considered

the bottom slab besides self weight of the slab. The Dead load of earth fill over the structure = Area x
depth x density
model is analyzed for bending moment, shear force Total vertical pressure on top slab = Imposed load
and axial thrust for different loading combinations + Dead load + Live load
as per IRC: 6 standards. As the box structure 3.2 Loads on side walls
directly rests on soil and also soil pressure acts at
Since the side walls are effectively restrained
the sidewalls. It is important to study the soil against movement, At rest earth pressure is
structure interaction of such structure. To study the considered for design. Coefficient of earth pressure
at rest (ko) is calculated as per below formula
response of structure with the supports, soil
structure interaction theories applied to base and (Jacky's equation)
side walls of the structure to obtain the pressure Coefficient of earth pressure at rest
values with standing by the structure.

2.Modeling: 3.3 Earth pressure acting on the sidewalls:

For the study of Underpass RCC bridge, a) Earth pressure due to backfill
earth pressure acting on side walls of underpass
RCC bridge because structure embedded as well as Earth pressure center of top slab = Ka * g * H
vertical loading due to imposed load and live load Earth pressure center of bottom slab = Ka * g * H
from Bridge rules, “Rules specifying the loads for
designing the superstructure and substructure of
bridges and for assessing the strength of existing
bridges” (Indian Railway Standard code) on the top b)Live load Surcharge (LS)
of underpass RCC bridge is considered. As there is
a top loading, there is reaction at bottom also. This
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IJOAR .ORG
ISSN 2320-9100 3

Live load surcharge of 1.2m ht fill is considered as

per cl 214.1 of IRC 6-2010
Surcharge live load = 1.2 m
Surcharge live load ( 1.2m of earth fill) = Ka * g *
Ls

4.Analysis of 2D underpass RCC bridge model

A 2D underpass RCC bridge (Figure 1) is

modeled considering 1m length for the following
details shown below. Box dimensions:
1mx7.5mx4.1m (LxWxH) (Center to center). In
addition to the dimensions mentioned, following
parameters are considered for the 2D analysis.

Dimensions of underpass RCC bridge 4.1 Validation of results

Clear horizontal opening 7 m
Clear vertical opening 3.5 m
Slab thickness 0.6 m
Wall thickness 0.6 m
Outer to outer horizontal width 8 m
Outer to outer vertical height 4.4 m
Length underpass RCC bridge 1 m
Angle of internal friction (ф) 25o
Density of soil (γ) 18 kN/m 3
Grade of steel Fe415,Grade of concrete M40
For the present study a 2-D cross sectional model is
considered for the analysis of required structure.
The analysis is carried out in STAAD.Pro V8i
software. For the cross section model 2-D cross
section of unit width is taken from center-to-center
distance between vertical members is considered as
the effective span for the horizontal members. The
difference of forces and moments are presented to
accommodate the interactions of soil to the
structure at different sections.

The max BM and SF obtained for 2D underpass BM and Max SF of 2D model(kN-m)

RCC bridge model considering with soil stiffness Table 1: Results at sec 1-1
are shown in Table 1. Shear force and bending S.NO LOADS SHEAR MOMENT
moment diagram after analysis is shown in Figure FORCE(K (KNm)
3(a) and 3(b). N)
1 DEAD 11.25 0.49
Figure 3(a): LOAD

Shear force envelope for various loads 2 SIDL 11.25 1.84

3 PAVEME 26.40 4.31

NT
LAYER
4 LIVE 30.63 5.00
LOAD 1

5 LIVE 27.99 4.57

LOAD 2
6 BRAKING 5.78 8.66
FORCE

7 EARTH 0.00 10.88

PRESSUR
E
Figure 3(b): 8 LIVE 0.00 5.17
LOAD
Bending moment envelope for various loads SURCHA
RGE
9 LIVE 7.24 13.44
LOAD
SURCHA
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH, IJOAR .ORG
ISSN 2320-9100 4

RGE-ONE 2 SIDL 0.40 -3.55

SIDE
10 ACTIVE -11.81 -12.28
EARTH 3 PAVEME 1.49 -8.66
PRESSUR NT
E LAYER
11 AT REST 7.80 15.29 4 LIVE 0.99 -8.83
ON ONE LOAD 1
SIDE
5 LIVE 0.99 -5.85
Table 2: Results at sec 2-2 LOAD 2
S.N LOADS SHEAR MOMEN 6 BRAKING 5.84 -8.65
O FORCE(K FORCE
T
N)
(KNm) 7 EARTH 32.18 -5.92
1 DEAD 0.00 -7.94 PRESSUR
LOAD E
8 LIVE 9.65 -13.08
2 SIDL 0.00 -6.60 LOAD
SURCHAR
GE
3 PAVEME 0.00 -15.49 9 LIVE 9.65 -13.08
NT LOAD
LAYER SURCHAR
4 LIVE 0.00 GE-ONE
-17.97 SIDE
LOAD 1
10 ACTIVE 15.25 16.47
5 LIVE 0.00 -16.42 EARTH
LOAD 2 PRESSUR
6 BRAKING 0.00 E
5.17 11 AT REST 11.18 -14.78
FORCE
ON ONE
7 EARTH 0.00 2.00 SIDE
PRESSUR
E The results of forces and moments of various loads
8 LIVE 0.00 3.59 are considered at different sections.
LOAD
SURCHAR By taking any of the results at two sections , the
GE differences of the forces and the moments can be
9 LIVE 7.24 5.44 calculated . The comparison between these two
LOAD results (Table 3) shows that the values of bending
SURCHAR moment and shear force for different sections for
GE-ONE all loading cases considered for the analysis
SIDE purpose from IRC: 6200,
10 ACTIVE -11.81 0.00 “Standard Specifications and Code of Practice
EARTH Road Bridges” The Indian Roads Congress and
PRESSUR combinations, are approximately same.
E
11 AT REST 7.80 0.00
ON ONE
SIDE
Table 3: Results at sec 3-3
S.N LOADS SHEAR MOMENT Table 4: comparison of results of sec 1-1 and sec
O FORCE(K (KNm) 2-2
N) S.N LOADS Difference Difference
1 DEAD -2.05 -2.57 O in SHEAR in
LOAD FORCE(K MOMENT
N) (KNm)
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ISSN 2320-9100 5

1 DEAD 11.25 -8.43 Sinha & R.P. Sharma .Journal of the Indian Roads
LOAD Congress, October-December 2009

[4] Analysis and Design of RCC Box Culvert by Neha

2 SIDL 11.25 -8.44 Kolate , Molly Mathew , Snehal MaliInternational. Journal
of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 12,
Dec-2014
3 PAVEME 26.40 -19.8
NT [5] Analysis Of Underpass RCC Bridge by Pidurkar M.
LAYER D., Patil P.R.. International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology (IJERT)
4 LIVE 30.63 -22.97
LOAD 1 [6] Soil Structure Interaction of Underpass RCC Bridge by
Vinayak Demane and Prof. Swapnil Cholekar .International
5 LIVE 27.99 -20.99 Journal of scientific research and management (IJSRM)Volume
LOAD 2 1 Issue 4-2013
6 BRAKING 5.78 -8.65
FORCE

7 EARTH 0.00 3.49

PRESSUR
E
8 LIVE 7.24 8.88
LOAD
SURCHAR
GE
9 LIVE 9.65 -0.27
LOAD
SURCHAR
GE-ONE
SIDE
10 ACTIVE -11.81 -12.28
EARTH
PRESSUR
E
11 AT REST 7.80 15.29
ON ONE
SIDE

6. Conclusions
From the analysis it can be observed that bending
moment and shear force obtained are varying at
different sections. A 2D structure model can be
effectively used for the analysis of structural
purpose for all the loading conditions as per in
IRC: 6 for the soil structure interaction results of
structure with soil.

REFERENCES

[1] FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BOX CULVERT by

Lande Abhijeet Chandrakant, Patil Vidya Malgonda.
International Journal of Advanced Technology in
Engineering and Science. Volume No.02, Issue No. 06,
June 2014

[2] Parametric Study On Underpass RCC Bridge With Soil

Structure Interactionv by Vinayak Demane, Prof. Swapnil
Cholekar. International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology Vol.2 - Issue 7 (July - 2013)

[3] RCC BOX CULVERT - METHODOLOGY AND

DESIGNS INCLUDING COMPUTER METHOD by B.N.