<= Slack variable = Optimality =

>= Surplus variable and artificial variable CJ-ZJ<=0

= Artificial variable

Max Z = 5X1 + 2X2 Objective function 5X1 + 2X2+ 0S1+0S2+0S3

Subject to : Frst step Adding slack or surplus variable second step = Initial simplex table
4X1+ 2X2<=16 4X1 + 2X2 + S1 = 16 Cj 5 2 0 0 0
3X1+X2<=9 3X1 + X2 +S2= 9 Cbi Basic Variable X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
3X1-X2<=9 3X1 - X2 + S3=9 0 S1 4 2 1 0 0
0 S2 3 1 0 1 0
X1, X2 >=0 X1, X2, S1, S2, S3 >=0 0 S3 3 -1 0 0 1

zj 0 0 0 0 0
Cj-Zj 5 2 0 0 0

Iteration 1
Cj 5 2 0 0 0
Cbi Basic Variable X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
SI
X1
S3

Cj-Zj 0 2 0 0 0
 New value = Old value - Corr.key column value * corresponding key row value / key element
16-4*9/3

mplex table

Solution Ratio
16 4
9 3
9 3

Solution Ratio
/ key element