Chapter 11

11-1 For the deep-groove 02-series ball bearing with R = 0.90, the design life x D , in multiples
of rating life, is
L 60D nD 60  25000  350
xD  D    525 Ans.
LR L10 106

The design radial load is

FD  1.2  2.5   3.0 kN
1/3
 
 525 
Eq. (11-6): C10  3.0  1/1.483 
 0.02   4.459  0.02  ln 1/ 0.9   

C 10 = 24.3 kN Ans.

Table 11-2: Choose an 02-35 mm bearing with C 10 = 25.5 kN. Ans.

 1.483

  525  3 / 25.5  0.02  
3

Eq. (11-18): R  exp      0.920 Ans.

  4.459  0.02  

______________________________________________________________________________

11-2 For the angular-contact 02-series ball bearing as described, the rating life multiple is
L 60D nD 60  40 000  520
xD  D    1248
LR L10 106

The design radial load is

FD  1.4  725  1015 lbf  4.52 kN

Eq. (11-6):
1/3
 
 1248 
C10  1015  1/1.483 
 0.02   4.459  0.02   ln 1/ 0.9   
 10 930 lbf  48.6 kN

Table 11-2: Select an 02-60 mm bearing with C 10 = 55.9 kN. Ans.

 1.483

 1248  4.52 / 55.9   0.02  
3

Eq. (11-18): R  exp      0.945 Ans.


  4.439 
 
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 1/28

11-3 For the straight-roller 03-series bearing selection, x D = 1248 rating lives from Prob. 11-2
solution.
FD  1.4  2235  3129 lbf  13.92 kN
3/10
 1248 
C10  13.92    118 kN
 1 

Table 11-3: Select an 03-60 mm bearing with C 10 = 123 kN. Ans.

 1.483

 1248 13.92 /123  0.02  
10/3

Eq. (11-18): R  exp      0.917 Ans.

  4.459  0.02  

______________________________________________________________________________

11-4 The combined reliability of the two bearings selected in Probs. 11-2 and 11-3 is

R   0.945 0.917   0.867 Ans.

We can choose a reliability goal of 0.90  0.95 for each bearing. We make the
selections, find the existing reliabilities, multiply them together, and observe that the
reliability goal is exceeded due to the roundup of capacity upon table entry.

Another possibility is to use the reliability of one bearing, say R 1 . Then set the reliability
goal of the second as

0.90
R2 
R1

or vice versa. This gives three pairs of selections to compare in terms of cost, geometry
implications, etc.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-5 Establish a reliability goal of 0.90  0.95 for each bearing. For an 02-series angular
contact ball bearing,
1/3
 
 1248 
C10  1015  1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.95  
 12822 lbf  57.1 kN
Select an 02-65 mm angular-contact bearing with C 10 = 63.7 kN.

 1.483

 1248  4.52 / 63.7   0.02  
3

RA  exp      0.962
  4.439  


Chapter 11, Page 2/28

 For an 03-series straight roller bearing,

3/10
 
 1248 
C10  13.92  1/1.483 
 136.5 kN
 0.02  4.439  ln 1/ 0.95   

Select an 03-65 mm straight-roller bearing with C 10 = 138 kN.

 1248 13.92 /138 10/3  0.02 1.483 

   
RB  exp      0.953
  4.439  


The overall reliability is R = (0.962)(0.953) = 0.917, which exceeds the goal.

______________________________________________________________________________

11-6 For the straight cylindrical roller bearing specified with a service factor of 1, R = 0.95 and
F R = 20 kN.
L 60D nD 60  8000  950
xD  D    456
LR L10 106
3/10
 
 456 
C10  20  1/1.483 
 145 kN Ans.
 0.02  4.439  ln 1/ 0.95   
______________________________________________________________________________

11-7 Both bearings need to be rated in terms of the same catalog rating system in order to
compare them. Using a rating life of one million revolutions, both bearings can be rated
in terms of a Basic Load Rating.

  3000  500  60  
1/ a 1/ a 1/3
L    n 60 
C A  FA  A   FA  A A   2.0  
Eq. (11-3):
 LR   LR   106 
 8.96 kN

Bearing B already is rated at one million revolutions, so C B = 7.0 kN. Since C A > C B ,
bearing A can carry the larger load. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-8 F D = 2 kN, L D = 109 rev, R = 0.90

1/ a 1/3
 LD   109 
Eq. (11-3): C10  FD    2  6   20 kN Ans.
 LR   10 
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 3/28

11-9 F D = 800 lbf,  D = 12 000 hours, n D = 350 rev/min, R = 0.90

 12 000  350  60  
1/ a 1/3
  n 60 
Eq. (11-3): C10  FD  D D   800    5050 lbf Ans
 LR   106 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-10 F D = 4 kN,  D = 8 000 hours, n D = 500 rev/min, R = 0.90

 8 000  500  60  
1/ a 1/3
  n 60 
Eq. (11-3): C10  FD  D D   4    24.9 kN Ans
 LR   106 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-11 F D = 650 lbf, n D = 400 rev/min, R = 0.95

     D = (5 years)(40 h/week)(52 week/year) = 10 400 hours

Assume an application factor of one. The multiple of rating life is

LD 10 400  400  60 

xD    249.6
LR 106
1/3
 
 249.6 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1 650   1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.95   
 4800 lbf Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-12 F D = 9 kN, L D = 108 rev, R = 0.99

Assume an application factor of one. The multiple of rating life is

LD 108
xD    100
LR 106
1/3
 
 100 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1 9   1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.99   
 69.2 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-13 F D = 11 kips,  D = 20 000 hours, n D = 200 rev/min, R = 0.99

Assume an application factor of one. Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on
p. 608.

Chapter 11, Page 4/28

 The multiple of rating life is

LD  20 000  200  60 
xD    240
LR 106
1/3
 
 240 
Eq. (11-6): C10  111  1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.99   
 113 kips Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-14 From the solution to Prob. 3-68, the ground reaction force carried by the bearing at C is
R C = F D = 178 lbf. Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 15000 1200  60 
xD    1080
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 1080 
C10  1.2 178   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 2590 lbf Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-15 From the solution to Prob. 3-69, the ground reaction force carried by the bearing at C is
R C = F D = 1.794 kN. Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 15000 1200  60 
xD    1080
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 1080 
C10  1.2 1.794   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 26.1 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-16 From the solution to Prob. 3-70, R Cz = –327.99 lbf, R Cy = –127.27 lbf
1/ 2
RC  FD   327.99    127.27    351.8 lbf
2 2

 
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

Chapter 11, Page 5/28

 LD 15000 1200  60 
xD    1080
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 xo    xo 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 1080 
C10  1.2  351.8   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 5110 lbf Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-17 From the solution to Prob. 3-71, R Cz = –150.7 N, R Cy = –86.10 N

1/2
RC  FD   150.7    86.10    173.6 N
2 2
 
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 15000 1200  60 
xD    1080
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 1080 
C10  1.2 173.6   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 2520 N Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-18 From the solution to Prob. 3-77, R Az = 444 N, R Ay = 2384 N

 
1/2
RA  FD  4442  23842  2425 N  2.425 kN
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608. The design speed is equal to
the speed of shaft AD,
d 125
nD  F ni  191  95.5 rev/min
dC 250

LD 12 000  95.5  60 
xD    68.76
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

Chapter 11, Page 6/28

 1/3
 68.76 
C10  1 2.425   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 11.7 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-19 From the solution to Prob. 3-79, R Az = 54.0 lbf, R Ay = 140 lbf
 
1/2
RA  FD  54.02  1402  150.1 lbf
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608. The design speed is equal to
the speed of shaft AD,
d 10
nD  F ni   280   560 rev/min
dC 5

LD 14 000  560  60 
xD    470.4
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

3/10
 470.4 
C10  1150.1  
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.98 
1/1.483

 1320 lbf Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-20 (a) Fa  3 kN, Fr  7 kN, nD  500 rev/min, V  1.2

From Table 11-2, with a 65 mm bore, C 0 = 34.0 kN.

F a / C 0 = 3 / 34 = 0.088

From Table 11-1, 0.28  e  3.0.

Fa 3
  0.357
VFr 1.2  7 
Since this is greater than e, interpolating Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.088, we obtain
X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.53.

Eq. (11-9): Fe  X iVFr  Yi Fa   0.56 1.2  7   1.53 3  9.29 kN Ans.

F e > F r so use F e .

(b) Use Eq. (11-7) to determine the necessary rated load the bearing should have to carry
the equivalent radial load for the desired life and reliability. Use the Weibull
parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

Chapter 11, Page 7/28

 LD 10 000  500  60 
xD    300
LR 106
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 300 
C10  1 9.29   
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 73.4 kN

From Table 11-2, the 65 mm bearing is rated for 55.9 kN, which is less than the
necessary rating to meet the specifications. This bearing should not be expected to meet
the load, life, and reliability goals. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-21 (a) Fa  2 kN, Fr  5 kN, nD  400 rev/min, V  1

From Table 11-2, 30 mm bore, C 10 = 19.5 kN, C 0 = 10.0 kN

F a / C 0 = 2 / 10 = 0.2

From Table 11-1, 0.34  e  0.38.

Fa 2
  0.4
VFr 1 5 

Since this is greater than e, interpolating Table 11-1, with F a / C 0 = 0.2, we obtain X 2 =
0.56 and Y 2 = 1.27.
Eq. (11-9): Fe  X iVFr  Yi Fa   0.56 1 5  1.27  2   5.34 kN Ans.
F e > F r so use F e .

(b) Solve Eq. (11-7) for x D .

a
 C 
  x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b
xD   10
 a f FD
 
3
 19.5 
xD    0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.99 1/1.483 
 1 5.34    
 
xD  10.66
LD D nD  60 
xD  
LR 106

Chapter 11, Page 8/28

 D 
   10.66 10   444 h
xD 106
Ans.
6

nD  60   400  60 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-22 Fr  8 kN, R  0.9, LD  109 rev

1/ a 1/3
L   109 
Eq. (11-3): C10  FD  D   8 6   80 kN
 LR   10 

From Table 11-2, select the 85 mm bore. Ans.

______________________________________________________________________________

11-23 Fr  8 kN, Fa  2 kN, V  1, R  0.99

Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 10 000  400  60 
xD    240
LR 106

First guess: Choose from middle of Table 11-1, X = 0.56, Y = 1.63

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 1 8   1.63  2   7.74 kN

F e < F r , so just use F r as the design load.
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 xo    xo 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 240 
C10  1 8     82.5 kN
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.99 
1/1.483

From Table 11-2, try 85 mm bore with C 10 = 83.2 kN, C 0 = 53.0 kN
Iterate the previous process:

F a / C 0 = 2 / 53 = 0.038
Table 11-1: 0.22  e  0.24
Fa 2
  0.25  e
VFr 1 8 
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.038 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.89.

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56(1)8  1.89(2)  8.26 > Fr

1/3
 240 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1 8.26     85.2 kN
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.99 
1/1.483


Chapter 11, Page 9/28

 Table 11-2: Move up to the 90 mm bore with C 10 = 95.6 kN, C 0 = 62.0 kN.
Iterate again:

F a / C 0 = 2 / 62 = 0.032

Table 11-1: Again, 0.22  e  0.24

Fa 2
  0.25  e
VFr 1 8 
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.032 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.95.

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56(1)8  1.95(2)  8.38 > Fr

1/3
 240 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1 8.38     86.4 kN
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.99 
1/1.483

The 90 mm bore is acceptable. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-24 Fr  8 kN, Fa  3 kN, V  1.2, R  0.9, LD  108 rev

First guess: Choose from middle of Table 11-1, X = 0.56, Y = 1.63

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 1.2  8   1.63  3  10.3 kN

Fe  Fr
1/ a 1/3
L   108 
Eq. (11-3): C10  Fe  D   10.3  6   47.8 kN
 LR   10 

From Table 11-2, try 60 mm with C 10 = 47.5 kN, C 0 = 28.0 kN

Iterate the previous process:

F a / C 0 = 3 / 28 = 0.107

Table 11-1: 0.28  e  0.30

Fa 3
  0.313  e
VFr 1.2  8 
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.107 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.46

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 1.2  8   1.46  3  9.76 kN > Fr

1/3
 108 
Eq. (11-3): C10  9.76  6   45.3 kN
 10 
From Table 11-2, we have converged on the 60 mm bearing. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 10/28

11-25 Fr  10 kN, Fa  5 kN, V  1, R  0.95
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 12 000  300  60 
xD    216
LR 106

First guess: Choose from middle of Table 11-1, X = 0.56, Y = 1.63

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 110   1.63  5   13.75 kN

F e > F r , so use F e as the design load.
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 216 
C10  113.75     97.4 kN
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.95 
1/1.483


From Table 11-2, try 95 mm bore with C 10 = 108 kN, C 0 = 69.5 kN

Iterate the previous process:

F a / C 0 = 5 / 69.5 = 0.072

Table 11-1: 0.27  e  0.28

Fa 5
  0.5  e
VFr 110 
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.072 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.62  1.63

Since this is where we started, we will converge back to the same bearing. The 95 mm
bore meets the requirements. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-26 Note to the Instructor. In the first printing of the 9th edition, the design life was
incorrectly given to be 109 rev and will be corrected to 108 rev in subsequent printings.
We apologize for the inconvenience.

Fr  9 kN, Fa  3 kN, V  1.2, R  0.99

Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.

LD 108
xD    100
LR 106

First guess: Choose from middle of Table 11-1, X = 0.56, Y = 1.63

Chapter 11, Page 11/28

 Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 1.2  9   1.63  3  10.9 kN
F e > F r , so use F e as the design load.
1/ a
 xD 
Eq. (11-7): C10  a f FD  
 x0    x0 1  RD  
1/ b

1/3
 100 
C10  110.9     83.9 kN
 0.02   4.459  0.02 1  0.99 
1/1.483


From Table 11-2, try 90 mm bore with C 10 = 95.6 kN, C 0 = 62.0 kN. Try this bearing.
Iterate the previous process:

F a / C 0 = 3 / 62 = 0.048

Table 11-1: 0.24  e  0.26

Fa 3
  0.278  e
VFr 1.2  9 
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.048 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.79

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56 1.2  9   1.79  3  11.4 kN  Fr

11.4
C10  83.9  87.7 kN
10.9
From Table 11-2, this converges back to the same bearing. The 90 mm bore meets the
requirements. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-27 (a) nD  1200 rev/min, LD  15 kh, R  0.95, a f  1.2

From Prob. 3-72, R Cy = 183.1 lbf, R Cz = –861.5 lbf.
1/2
RC  FD  183.12   861.5    881 lbf
2

 
L 15000 1200  60 
xD  D   1080
LR 106
1/3
 1080 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1.2  881  
 0.02  4.439 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 12800 lbf  12.8 kips Ans.

(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 12/28

11-28 (a) nD  1200 rev/min, LD  15 kh, R  0.95, a f  1.2
From Prob. 3-72, R Oy = –208.5 lbf, R Oz = 259.3 lbf.
1/ 2
RC  FD   259.32   208.5    333 lbf
2

 
L 15000 1200  60 
xD  D   1080
LR 106
1/3
 1080 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1.2  333  
 0.02  4.439 1  0.95 
1/1.483

 4837 lbf  4.84 kips Ans.
(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-29 (a) nD  900 rev/min, LD  12 kh, R  0.98, a f  1.2

From Prob. 3-73, R Cy = 8.319 kN, R Cz = –10.830 kN.
2 1/ 2
RC  FD  8.319 2   10.830    13.7 kN
 
L 12 000  900  60 
xD  D   648
LR 106
1/3
 648 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1.2 13.7     204 kN Ans.
 0.02  4.439 1  0.98 
1/1.483

(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-30 (a) nD  900 rev/min, LD  12 kh, R  0.98, a f  1.2

From Prob. 3-73, R Oy = 5083 N, R Oz = 494 N.

 
1/2
RC  FD  50832  4942  5106 N  5.1 kN
LD 12 000  900  60 
xD    648
LR 106
1/3
 648 
Eq. (11-7): C10  1.2  5.1    76.1 kN Ans.
 0.02  4.439 1  0.98 
1/1.483

(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 13/28

11-31 Assume concentrated forces as shown.

Pz  8  28   224 lbf
Py  8  35  280 lbf
T  224  2   448 lbf  in
T x  448  1.5 F cos 20  0
448
F  318 lbf
1.5  0.940 

M Oz  5.75Py  11.5RAy  14.25F sin 20  0

5.75  280   11.5RAy  14.25  318 0.342   0
RAy  5.24 lbf
M Oy  5.75 Pz  11.5 RAz  14.25 F cos 20  0
5.75  224   11.5RAz  14.25  318 0.940   0
1/2
RAz  482 lbf; RA   482    5.24  
2 2
 482 lbf
 
F  RO  Pz  RA  F cos 20  0
z z z 

ROz  224  482  318  0.940   0

ROz  40.9 lbf
F y  ROy  Py  RAy  F sin 20  0
ROy  280  5.24  318  0.342   0
ROy  166 lbf
1/2
RO   40.9    166  
2 2
 171 lbf
 

So the reaction at A governs.

Reliability Goal: 0.92  0.96

FD  1.2  482   578 lbf

xD  35 000  350  60  / 106  735
1/3
 
 735 
C10  578  1/1.483 
 0.02   4.459  0.02  ln 1/ 0.96   
 6431 lbf  28.6 kN

From Table 11-2, a 40 mm bore angular contact bearing is sufficient with a rating of

Chapter 11, Page 14/28

 31.9 kN. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-32 For a combined reliability goal of 0.95, use 0.95  0.975 for the individual bearings.

40 000  420  60 
xD   1008
106

The resultant of the given forces are

R O = [(–387)2 + 4672]1/2 = 607 lbf

R B = [3162 + (–1615)2]1/2 = 1646 lbf

At O:
1/3
 
 1008 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1.2  607   1/1.483 
 0.02   4.459  0.02  ln 1/ 0.975   
 9978 lbf  44.4 kN

From Table 11-2, select an 02-55 mm angular-contact ball bearing with a basic load
rating of 46.2 kN. Ans.

At B:
3/10
 
 1008 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1.2 1646   1/1.483 
 0.02   4.459  0.02  ln 1/ 0.975   
 20827 lbf  92.7 kN

From Table 11-3, select an 02-75 mm or 03-55 mm cylindrical roller. Ans.

______________________________________________________________________________

11-33 The reliability of the individual bearings is R  0.98  0.9899

Chapter 11, Page 15/28

 From statics,

T = (270  50) = (P 1  P 2 )125

= (P 1  0.15 P 1 )125
P 1 = 310.6 N,
P 2 = 0.15 (310.6) = 46.6 N
P 1 + P 2 = 357.2 N
FAy  357.2 sin 45  252.6 N  FAz

M z
O  850REy  300(252.6)  0  REy  89.2 N
F y
 252.6  89.2  ROy  0  ROy  163.4 N
M y
O  850REz  700(320)  300(252.6)  0  REz  174.4 N
F z
 174.4  320  252.6  ROz  0  ROz  107 N

RO   163.4   107 2  195 N

2

RE   89.2    174.4   196 N

2 2

The radial loads are nearly the same at O and E. We can use the same bearing at both
locations.

60 000 1500  60 
xD   5400
106
1/3
 
 5400 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1 0.196   1/1.483 
 5.7 kN
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.9899   

From Table 11-2, select an 02-12 mm deep-groove ball bearing with a basic load rating
of 6.89 kN. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-34 R  0.96  0.980

T  12(240 cos 20 )  2706 lbf  in

2706
F  498 lbf
6 cos 25

In xy-plane:
M Oz  16(82.1)  30(210)  42 RCy  0

Chapter 11, Page 16/28

 RCy  181 lbf
ROy  82.1  210  181  111.1 lbf
In xz-plane:
M Oy  16(226)  30(451)  42 RCz  0
RCz  236 lbf
ROz  226  451  236  11 lbf

 
1/ 2
RO  111.12  112  112 lbf Ans.

 181 
1/ 2
RC 2
 236 2  297 lbf Ans.
50000  300  60 
xD   900
106

1/3
 
 900 
 C10 O  1.2 112   1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.980   
 1860 lbf  8.28 kN
1/3
 
 900 
 C10 C  1.2  297   1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.980   
 4932 lbf  21.9 kN

Bearing at O: Choose a deep-groove 02-17 mm. Ans.

Bearing at C: Choose a deep-groove 02-35 mm. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-35 Shafts subjected to thrust can be constrained by bearings, one of which supports the
thrust. The shaft floats within the endplay of the second (roller) bearing. Since the thrust
force here is larger than any radial load, the bearing absorbing the thrust (bearing A) is
heavily loaded compared to bearing B. Bearing B is thus likely to be oversized and may
not contribute measurably to the chance of failure. If this is the case, we may be able to
obtain the desired combined reliability with bearing A having a reliability near 0.99 and
bearing B having a reliability near 1. This would allow for bearing A to have a lower
capacity than if it needed to achieve a reliability of 0.99 . To determine if this is the
case, we will start with bearing B.

Bearing B (straight roller bearing)

30000  500  60 
xD   900
106
 
1/ 2
Fr  36 2  67 2  76.1 lbf  0.339 kN
Try a reliability of 1 to see if it is readily obtainable with the available bearings.

Chapter 11, Page 17/28

 3/10
 
 900 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1.2  0.339   1/1.483 
 10.1 kN
 0.02  4.439  ln 1/1.0   

The smallest capacity bearing from Table 11-3 has a rated capacity of 16.8 kN.
Therefore, we select the 02-25 mm straight cylindrical roller bearing. Ans.

Bearing at A (angular-contact ball)

With a reliability of 1 for bearing B, we can achieve the combined reliability goal of 0.99
if bearing A has a reliability of 0.99.

 
1/ 2
Fr  36 2  2122  215 lbf  0.957 kN
Fa  555 lbf  2.47 kN

Trial #1:
Tentatively select an 02-85 mm angular-contact with C 10 = 90.4 kN and C 0 = 63.0 kN.

Fa 2.47
  0.0392
C0 63.0
30000  500  60 
xD   900
106

Table 11-1: Interpolating, X 2 = 0.56, Y 2 = 1.88

Eq. (11-9): Fe  0.56  0.957   1.88  2.47   5.18 kN

1/3
 
 900 
Eq. (11-6): C10  1.2  5.18   1/1.483 
 0.02  4.439  ln 1/ 0.99   
 99.54 kN  90.4 kN
Trial #2:
Tentatively select a 02-90 mm angular-contact ball with C 10 = 106 kN and C 0 = 73.5 kN.

Fa 2.47
  0.0336
C0 73.5

Table 11-1: Interpolating, X 2 = 0.56, Y 2 = 1.93

Fe  0.56  0.957   1.93  2.47   5.30 kN

1/3
 
 900 
C10  1.2  5.30   1/1.483 
 102 kN < 106 kN O.K.
 0.02  4.439 ln 1/ 0.99   

Chapter 11, Page 18/28

 Select an 02-90 mm angular-contact ball bearing. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-36 We have some data. Let’s estimate parameters b and θ from it. In Fig. 11-5, we will use
line AB. In this case, B is to the right of A.

115  2000  60 
For F = 18 kN,  x 1   13.8
106

This establishes point 1 on the R = 0.90 line.

The R = 0.20 locus is above and parallel to the R = 0.90 locus. For the two-parameter
Weibull distribution, x 0 = 0 and points A and B are related by [see Eq. (20-25)]:

x A   ln 1/ 0.90  

1/ b
(1)
xB   ln 1/ 0.20  
1/ b

and x B /x A is in the same ratio as 600/115. Eliminating θ,

ln ln 1/ 0.20  / ln 1/ 0.90  

b  1.65 Ans.
ln  600 /115

Solving for θ in Eq. (1),

xA 1
   3.91 Ans.
ln 1/ RA   ln 1/ 0.90  
1/1.65 1/1.65

Chapter 11, Page 19/28

 Therefore, for the data at hand,

  x 1.65 
R  exp     
  3.91  

Check R at point B: x B = (600/115) = 5.217

  5.217 1.65 
R  exp       0.20
  3.91  
Note also, for point 2 on the R = 0.20 line,

log  5.217   log 1  log  xm 2  log 13.8 

 xm 2  72
______________________________________________________________________________

11-37 This problem is rich in useful variations. Here is one.

Decision: Make straight roller bearings identical on a given shaft. Use a reliability goal of
(0.99)1/6 = 0.9983.

Shaft a
 
1/ 2
FAr  2392  1112  264 lbf  1.175 kN

  502 
1/ 2
FBr 2
 10752  1186 lbf  5.28 kN

Thus the bearing at B controls.

10 000 1200  60 
xD   720
106
0.02  4.439  ln 1/ 0.9983 
1/1.483
 0.080 26
0.3
 720 
C10  1.2  5.28     97.2 kN
 0.080 26 

Select either an 02-80 mm with C 10 = 106 kN or an 03-55 mm with C 10 = 102 kN. Ans.
Shaft b
 
1/ 2
FCr  874 2  2274 2  2436 lbf or 10.84 kN

  393 
1/ 2
FDr 2
 657 2  766 lbf or 3.41 kN

The bearing at C controls.

Chapter 11, Page 20/28

 10 000  240  60 
xD   144
106
0.3
 144 
C10  1.2 10.84     123 kN
 0.080 26 

Select either an 02-90 mm with C 10 = 142 kN or an 03-60 mm with C 10 = 123 kN. Ans.

Shaft c
 
1/ 2
FEr  11132  23852  2632 lbf or 11.71 kN

  417 
1/ 2
FFr 2
 8952  987 lbf or 4.39 kN

The bearing at E controls.

10 000  80  60 
xD   48
106
0.3
 48 
C10  1.2 11.71    95.7 kN
 0.080 26 

Select an 02-80 mm with C 10 = 106 kN or an 03-60 mm with C 10 = 123 kN. Ans.

______________________________________________________________________________

11-38 Express Eq. (11-1) as

F1a L1  C10a L10  K

For a ball bearing, a = 3 and for an 02-30 mm angular contact bearing, C 10 = 20.3 kN.

 
K   20.3 106  8.365 109
3
 
At a load of 18 kN, life L 1 is given by:

K 8.365 10
9
 
L1  a 
F1 183
 1.434 106 rev  
For a load of 30 kN, life L 2 is:

   0.310 10 rev
8.365 109
L2 
30 3   6

In this case, Eq. (6-57) – the Palmgren-Miner cycle-ratio summation rule – can be
expressed as

Chapter 11, Page 21/28

 l1 l2
 1
L1 L2

Substituting,

200 000 l2
 1
1.434 10  
6
0.310 106 
l2  0.267 10  rev Ans.
6

______________________________________________________________________________

11-39 Total life in revolutions

Let:
l = total turns
f 1 = fraction of turns at F 1
f 2 = fraction of turns at F 2

From the solution of Prob. 11-38, L 1 = 1.434(106) rev and L 2 = 0.310(106) rev.

Palmgren-Miner rule:

l1 l2 fl f l
  1  2 1
L1 L2 L1 L2

from which
1
l
f1 / L1  f 2 / L2
1
l
0.40 / 1.434 10   0.60 / 0.310 10 
6 6

 451 585 rev Ans.

Total life in loading cycles

4 min at 2000 rev/min = 8000 rev/cycle

6 min at 2000 rev/min = 12 000 rev/cycle

Total rev/cycle = 8000 + 12 000 = 20 000

451 585 rev

 22.58 cycles Ans.
20 000 rev/cycle

Chapter 11, Page 22/28

 Total life in hours
 min   22.58 cycles 
10    3.76 h Ans.
 cycle   60 min/h 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-40 FrA  560 lbf

FrB  1095 lbf
Fae  200 lbf
LD 40 000  400  60 
xD    10.67
LR 90 106  
R  0.90  0.949

0.47 FrA 0.47  560 

Eq. (11-15): FiA    175.5 lbf
KA 1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47 1095 
Eq. (11-15): FiB    343.1 lbf
KB 1.5
FiA  ?   FiB  Fae 
175.5 lbf   343.1  200   543.1 lbf, so Eq. (11-16) applies.

We will size bearing B first since its induced load will affect bearing A, but is not itself
affected by the induced load from bearing A [see Eq. (11-16)].

From Eq. (11-16b), F eB = F rB = 1095 lbf.

3/10
 10.67 
Eq. (11-7): FRB  1.4 1095     3607 lbf Ans.
 4.48 1  0.949 1/1.5 
 

Select cone 32305, cup 32305, with 0.9843 in bore, and rated at 3910 lbf with K = 1.95.
Ans.

With bearing B selected, we re-evaluate the induced load from bearing B using the actual
value for K.
0.47 FrB 0.47 1095
Eq. (11-15): FiB    263.9 lbf
KB 1.95
Find the equivalent radial load for bearing A from Eq. (11-16), which still applies.

Eq. (11-16a): FeA  0.4 FrA  K A  FiB  Fae 

FeA  0.4  560   1.5  263.9  200   920 lbf

Chapter 11, Page 23/28

 FeA  FrA
3/10
 10.67 
Eq. (11-7): FRA  1.4  920     3030 lbf
 4.48 1  0.949 1/1.5 
 

Tentatively select cone M86643, cup M86610, with 1 in bore, and rated at 3250 lbf with
K = 1.07. Iterating with the new value for K, we get F eA = 702 lbf and F rA = 2312 lbf.
Ans.

By using a bearing with a lower K, the rated load decreased significantly, providing a
higher than requested reliability. Further examination with different combinations of
bearing choices could yield additional acceptable solutions.
______________________________________________________________________________

11-41 The thrust load on shaft CD is from the axial component of the force transmitted through
the bevel gear, and is directed toward bearing C. By observation of Fig. 11-14, direct
mounted bearings would allow bearing C to carry the thrust load. Ans.

From the solution to Prob. 3-74, the axial thrust load is F ae = 362.8 lbf, and the bearing
radial forces are F Cx = 287.2 lbf, F Cz = 500.9 lbf, F Dx = 194.4 lbf, and F Dz = 307.1 lbf.
Thus, the radial forces are

FrC  287.22  500.9 2  577 lbf

FrD  194.4 2  307.12  363 lbf

The induced loads are

0.47 FrC 0.47  577 
Eq. (11-15): FiC    181 lbf
KC 1.5
0.47 FrD 0.47  363
Eq. (11-15): FiD    114 lbf
KD 1.5
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17), where bearings C
and D are substituted, respectively, for labels A and B in the equations.

FiC  ?  FiD  Fae

181 lbf  114  362.8  476.8 lbf, so Eq.(11-16) applies

Eq. (11-16a): FeC  0.4 FrC  KC  FiD  Fae 

 0.4  577   1.5 114  362.8   946 lbf  FrC , so use FeC

Assume for tapered roller bearings that the specifications for Manufacturer 1 on p. 608
are applicable.

Chapter 11, Page 24/28

 LD 108
xD    1.11
LR 90 106 
R  0.90  0.949
3/10
 1.11 
Eq. (11-7): FRC  1 946     1130 lbf Ans.
 4.48 1  0.949  
1/1.5
 
Eq. (11-16b): FeD  FrD  363 lbf
3/10
 1.11 
Eq. (11-7): FRD  1 363    433 lbf Ans.
 4.48 1  0.949  
1/1.5
 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-42 The thrust load on shaft AB is from the axial component of the force transmitted through
the bevel gear, and is directed to the right. By observation of Fig. 11-14, indirect
mounted bearings would allow bearing A to carry the thrust load. Ans.

From the solution to Prob. 3-76, the axial thrust load is F ae = 92.8 lbf, and the bearing
radial forces are F Ay = 639.4 lbf, F Az = 1513.7 lbf, F By = 276.6 lbf, and F Bz = 705.7 lbf.
Thus, the radial forces are

FrA  639.4 2  1513.7 2  1643 lbf

FrB  276.62  705.7 2  758 lbf

The induced loads are

0.47 FrA 0.47 1643
Eq. (11-15): FiA    515 lbf
KA 1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47  758 
Eq. (11-15): FiB    238 lbf
KB 1.5
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17).

FiA  ?  FiB  Fae

515 lbf  238  92.8  330.8 lbf, so Eq.(11-17) applies

Notice that the induced load from bearing A is sufficiently large to cause a net axial force
to the left, which must be supported by bearing B.

Eq. (11-17a): FeB  0.4 FrB  K B  FiA  Fae 

 0.4  758  1.5  515  92.8  937 lbf  FrB , so use FeB

Assume for tapered roller bearings that the specifications for Manufacturer 1 on p. 608
are applicable.

Chapter 11, Page 25/28

 LD 500 10 
6

xD    5.56
LR 90 106 
R  0.90  0.949
3/10
 5.56 
Eq. (11-7): FRB  1 937     1810 lbf Ans.
 4.48 1  0.949 1/1.5 
 
Eq. (11-16b): FeA  FrA  1643 lbf
3/10
 5.56 
Eq. (11-7): FRA  11643    3180 lbf Ans.
 4.48 1  0.949 1/1.5 
 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-43 The lower bearing is compressed by the axial load, so it is designated as bearing A.

FrA  25 kN
FrB  12 kN
Fae  5 kN
0.47 FrA 0.47  25 
Eq. (11-15): FiA    7.83 kN
KA 1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47 12 
Eq. (11-15): FiB    3.76 kN
KB 1.5
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17)

FiA  ?  FiB  Fae

7.83 kN  3.76  5  8.76 kN, so Eq.(11-16) applies

Eq. (11-16a): FeA  0.4 FrA  K A  FiB  Fae 

 0.4  25   1.5  3.76  5   23.1 kN  FrA, so use FrA
 60 min   8 hr   5 day   52 weeks 
LD   250 rev/min        5 yrs 
 hr   day   week   yr 
 
 156 106 rev
Assume for tapered roller bearings that the specifications for Manufacturer 1 on p. 608
are applicable.
  
3/10
L 
3/10
156 106
Eq. (11-3): FRA  a f FD  D   1.2  25    35.4 kN Ans.
 LR    
 90 106

Eq. (11-16b): FeB  FrB  12 kN

Chapter 11, Page 26/28

 3/10
156 
Eq. (11-3):FRB  1.2 12    17.0 kN Ans.
 90 
______________________________________________________________________________

11-44 The left bearing is compressed by the axial load, so it is properly designated as bearing A.

FrA  875 lbf

FrB  625 lbf
Fae  250 lbf

Assume K = 1.5 for each bearing for the first iteration. Obtain the induced loads.

0.47 FrA 0.47  875 

Eq. (11-15): FiA    274 lbf
KA 1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47  625 
Eq. (11-15): FiB    196 lbf
KB 1.5

Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17).

FiA  ?  FiB  Fae

274 lbf  196  250 lbf, so Eq.(11-16) applies

We will size bearing B first since its induced load will affect bearing A, but it is not
affected by the induced load from bearing A [see Eq. (11-16)].

From Eq. (11-16b), F eB = F rB = 625 lbf.

3/10
L 
3/10
 90 000 150  60  
Eq. (11-3): FRB  a f FD  D   1 625   
 LR    
90 106 
FRB  1208 lbf

Select cone 07100, cup 07196, with 1 in bore, and rated at 1570 lbf with K = 1.45. Ans.

With bearing B selected, we re-evaluate the induced load from bearing B using the actual
value for K.
0.47 FrB 0.47  625 
Eq. (11-15): FiB    203 lbf
KB 1.45

Find the equivalent radial load for bearing A from Eq. (11-16), which still applies.

Chapter 11, Page 27/28

 Eq. (11-16a): FeA  0.4 FrA  K A  FiB  Fae 
 0.4  875  1.5  203  250   1030 lbf
FeA  FrA
3/10
L 
3/10
 90 000 150  60  
Eq. (11-3): FRA  a f FD  D   11030   
 LR    
90 106 
FRA  1990 lbf

Any of the bearings with 1-1/8 in bore are more than adequate. Select cone 15590, cup
15520, rated at 2480 lbf with K = 1.69. Iterating with the new value for K, we get F eA =
1120 lbf and F rA = 2160 lbf. The selected bearing is still adequate. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, Page 28/28