Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reg protein was shown to be stimulated during the regeneration of pancreatic islets.
Since then, many Reg-related proteins have been identified in humans and other
animals. In human, the four REG family genes, i.e., REG 1 alpha, REG 1 beta,
REG-related sequence (RS) and HIP/PAP, have so far been isolated. These
Reg-related proteins are classified into four subfamilies according to their amino-acid
sequences, but they share a similar structure and physiological function. Reg protein
is a growth factor for pancreatic beta cells and also suggest that the administration
of Reg protein could be used as another therapeutic approach for diabetes mellitus.
human REG cDNA which encoded a 166-amino acid protein with a 22-amino acid
signal peptide. The amino acid sequence of human REG protein has 68% homology
to that of rat Reg protein. Reg I was found to be expressed mainly in pancreatic beta
and acinoductular cells as well as gastric fundic enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. Reg
I production in ECL cells is stimulated by gastrin, as well as by the proinflammatory
cytokine, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-2Beta. In patients
with chronic hypergastrinemia, Reg production is stimulated, with the increased
proliferation of gastric mucosal cells. Patients with Helicobacter pylori infection also
showed increased Reg production in the gastric mucosa, partly via increased plasma
gastrin concentration and partly via increased proinflammatory cytokine production.
The serum concentration of the reg-protein was significantly higher in patients with
various pancreatic diseases than in normal controls, and was also significantly higher
in patients with acute pancreatitis or chronic relapsing pancreatitis than in patients
with chronic pancreatitis. Furthermore, the serum PSP/reg-protein concentration
was also significantly increased in liver cirrhosis, choledocholithiasis, and various
cancers of the digestive system.
Reference:
Ashcroft FJ, Varro A, Dimaline R, Dockray GJ. Control of expression of the lectin-like protein Reg-1
by gastrin: role of the Rho family GTPase RhoA and a C-rich promoter element. Biochem J. 2004 Jul
15;381 (Pt 2):397-403
Bartoli C, Gharib B, Giorgi D, Sansonetti A, Dagorn JC, Berge-Lefranc JL. A gene homologous to the
reg gene is expressed in the human pancreas. FEBS Lett. 1993 Aug 2;327 (3):289-93
Carrere J, Guy-Crotte O, Gaia E, Figarella C. Immunoreactive pancreatic Reg protein in sera from
cystic fibrosis patients with and without pancreatic insufficiency. Gut. 1999 Apr;44 (4):545-51
de la Monte SM, Ozturk M, Wands JR. Enhanced expression of an exocrine pancreatic protein in
Alzheimer's disease and the developing human brain. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86 (3):1004-13
Iovanna JL, Dagorn JC. The multifunctional family of secreted proteins containing a C-type
lectin-like domain linked to a short N-terminal peptide. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 May 25;1723
(1-3):8-18
Kinoshita Y, Ishihara S, Kadowaki Y, Fukui H, Chiba T. Reg protein is a unique growth factor of
gastric mucosal cells. J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jun;39(6):507-13.
Norkina O, Graf R, Appenzeller P, De Lisle RC. Caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice that
constitutively overexpress Reg/PAP genes. BMC Gastroenterol. 2006;6:16
Okamoto H. The Reg gene family and Reg proteins: with special attention to the regeneration of
pancreatic beta-cells. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 1999;6(3):254-62.
Qiu L, List EO, Kopchick JJ. Differentially expressed proteins in the pancreas of diet-induced
diabetic mice. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2005 Sep;4 (9):1311-8
Yuan RH, Jeng YM, Chen HL, Hsieh FJ, Yang CY, Lee PH, Hsu HC. Opposite roles of human
pancreatitis-associated protein and REG1A expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: association of
pancreatitis-associated protein expression with low-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, beta-c