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Resolução Cap. 16 PDF
Resolução Cap. 16 PDF
16-1 A cylindrical tank 2 m long mounted with its axis horizontal is to separate liquid ammonia from ammonia
3
vapor. The ammonia vapor bubbles through the liquid and 1.2 m /s leaves the surface of the liquid. If the
velocity of the vapor is limited to 1 m/s and the vessel is to operate with the liquid level two-thirds of the
diameter from the bottom, what must the diameter of the tank be?
Solution:
L=2m
3 2
Surface Area = A = (1.2 m /s) / (1 m/s) = 1.2 m
2
Width = W = A/L = (1.2 m ) / (2 m) = 0.6 m
2 1
D = D+x
3 2
1
x= D2 − W 2
2
2 1 1
D = D+ D2 − W 2
3 2 2
1
D = D2 − W 2
3
8 2
D = W 2 = (0.6)2
9
D = 0.636 m - - - Ans.
16-2. A liquid subcooler as shown in Fig. 16-14 receives liquid ammonia at 30 C and subcools 0.6 kg/s to 5 C.
Saturated vapor leaves the subcooler for the high-stage compressor at -1 C. Calculate the flow rate of
ammonia that evaporated to cool the liquid.
Heat Balance:
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
16-3. In a refrigerant 22 refrigeration system the capacity is 180 kw at a temperature of -30 C. The vapor from the
evaporator is pumped by one compressor to the condensing pressure of 1500 kPa. Later the system is
revised to a two-stage compression operating on the cycle shown in Fig. 16-6 with intercooling but no
removal of flash gas at 600 kPa.
(a) Calculate the power required by the single compressor in the original system.
(b) Calculate the power required by the two compressor in the revised system.
Solution:
h3 = h4 = 248.486 kJ/kg
P = w (h2 - h1)
P = 1.2444 (450.379 - 393.138)
P = 71.23 kw - - - Ans.
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
w2 = enteirng intercooler
w3 = entering high-stage compressor
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
w2 + 1.2444 = w3
w2 = w3 - 1.2444
16-4. A refrigerant 22 system has a capacity of 180 kw of an evaporating temperature of -30 C when the
condensing pressure is 1500 kPa.
(a) Compute the power requirement for a system with a single compressor.
(b) Compute the total power required by the two compressors in the system shown in Fig. 16-7 where
there is no intercooling but there is flash-gas removal at 600 kPa?
Solution:
h3 = h4 = 248.486 kJ/kg
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
P = w (h2 - h1)
P = 1.2444 (450.379 - 393.138)
P = 71.23 kw - - - Ans.
h6 = h5 = 248.486 kJ/kg
h8 = h7 = 206.943 kJ/kg
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
w2 = entering flashtank
w3 = entering flash-gas compressor
16-5. A two-stage ammonia system using flash-gas removal and intercooling operates on the cycle shown in Fig.
16-12a. The condensing temperature is 35 C. The saturation temperature of the intermediate-temperature
evaporator is 0 C, and its capacity is 150 kW. The saturation temperature of the low-temperature evaporator
is -40 C, and its capacity is 250 kW. What is the rate of refrigerant compressed by the high-stage
compressor?
Solution:
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
At 3, 0 C, Table A-3
h3 = 1461.70 kJ/kg
At 4, 35 C, Fig. A-1
h4 = 1622 kJ/kg
At 5, 35 C, Table A-3.
h5 = 366.072 kJ/kg
At 6, h6 = h5 = 366.072 kJ/kg
At 7, 0 C, Table A-3
h7 = 200 kJ/kg
At 8, h8 = h7 = 200 kJ/kg.
16-6. A two-stage refrigerant 22 system that uses flash-gas removal and intercooling serves a single low-
temperature evaporator, as in Fig. 16-10a. The evaporator temperature is -40 C, and the condensing
temperature is 30 C. The pumping capacity of the high- and low-stage compressors is shown in Fig. 16-18.
What is (a) the refrigerating capacity of the system and (b) the intermediate pressure?
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
Trial 1
pi = (105)(1192) = 354 kPa
At 354 kPa, Sat. Temp. = -10 C
At 6, h6 = h5 = 236.664 kJ/kg
At 7, -10 C, Table A-6
h7 = 188.426 kJ/kg
At 8, h8 = h7 - 188.426 kJ/kg
w1 = low-stage compressor
w2 = high-stage compressor
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CHAPTER 16 - MULTI PRESSURE SYSTEMS
w 2 h2 − h7 417.46 − 188.426
= = = 1.139 < 1.389
w 1 h 3 − h 6 401.555 − 236.664
Figure 16-18, at 354 kPa.
w1 = 1.8 kg/s
w2 = 2.05 kg/s
w2/w1 = 2.05 / 1.8 = 1.139 < 1.389
At 6, h6 = h5 = 236.664 kJ/kg
At 8, h8 = h7 = 191.570 kJ/kg
w 2 h 2 − h 7 419.836 − 191.570
= = = 1.3754
w 1 h 3 − h 6 402.629 − 236.664
w2 2.2
= = 1.36 ≈ 1.3754
w 1 1.615
-000-
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