GYAKORISÁGOT KIFEJEZŐ IDŐHATÁROZÓK (Milyen gyakran?

● Ezek nem határozzák meg, hogy a cselekvés a múltban, jelenben vagy a jövőben történik-e,
csak azt, hogy milyen gyakorisággal.
● Mellettük mindig egyszerű (jelen, múlt vagy jövő) igeidő áll.
● Kérdezés a gyakoriságra: HOW OFTEN? = Milyen gyakran?
● Helyük a mondatban lehet a főige előtt vagy a mondat végén.

Közvetlenül a főige előtt állók

- általában azok, amelyek 1 szóból állnak

NEVER (soha)
– Mj.: Az angolok nem tagadnak kétszer, ezért (a magyartól eltérően) e mellett az időhatározó mellett nincs
további tagadás (mivel a ’soha’ már eleve tagad)!

pl. Soha nem iszom alkoholt. = I never drink alcohol

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
tagad tagad tagad nem tagad

HARDLY EVER SELDOM (ritkán) RARELY (ritkán) SOMETIMES (néha)

(hébe-hóba, nagyon ritkán) pl. We seldom buy cars. pl. I rarely go to the theatre. pl. She sometimes eats
pl. He hardly ever wakes (Ritkán veszünk autót.) (Ritkán megyek színházba.) pankaces for breakfast.
up in time. (Nagyon ritkán (Néha palacsintát eszik
kel fel időben.) reggelire.)

GENERALLY USUALLY REGULARLY OFTEN (gyakran)

(általában) (általában, szokásosan) (rendszeresen, rendszerint)
pl. We often go for a
pl. Tom generally arrives pl. They usually sleep a pl. We regularly go running walk.
on time. lot. in the afternoon. (Gyakran megyünk
(Tom általában pontosan (Általában sokat alszanak.) (Rendszeresen elmegyünk futni sétálni.)
érkezik.) délután.)

FREQUENTLY ALWAYS (mindig)

(gyakran, gyakorta) pl. You always tell lies.
pl. Helen frequently visits (Mindig hazudozol.)
her granny.
(Helen gyakran meglátogatja
a nagymamáját.)
- Ha a főige előtt van segédige, az időhatározó beékelődik a segédige és a főige közé.

pl. Do you sometimes eat spinach? (Eszel néha spenótot?)

↓ ↓ ↓
segédige időhatározó főige
beékelve
a főige elé

They didn’t often go to the cinema. (Nem mentek gyakran moziba.)

I will always love you. (Mindig szeretni foglak.)

● KIVÉVE: ha a főige a LÉTIGE egymagában

Ilyenkor ezek az időhatározók nem a létige előtt, hanem közvetlenül utána állnak, kérdéskor
pedig közvetlenül az alany után.

pl. They are usually at home. (Általában otthon vannak.)

↓ ↓
létige időhatározó
a létige után
We weren’t often there. (Nem voltunk ott gyakran.)
Was she always kind? (Mindig kedves volt?)

(De: ha a létigét megelőzi egy segédige, akkor ez nem érvényes! pl. She will often be there. (Sokszor lesz ott.))

Mj.:
● Bár rendes helyük a főige előtt van, ki lehet emelni őket a mondat elejére, ha hangsúlyt akarunk adni nekik.
Elsősorban a „sometimes” időhatározót szokták elölre helyezni.
pl. We sometimes quarrel. → Sometimes we quarrel. (Mindkettő: Néha veszekszünk.)
↓ ↓
rendes helyén a mondat elejére kiemelve

● Az „often” időhatározót nyomatékosíthajuk a „very” (= nagyon) vagy a „so” (= annyira, olyan) szóval, ám
ekkor már a mondat végére kerül az időhatározó!
pl. We often quarrel. → We quarrel very often. (Nagyon gyakran veszekszünk.)
(Gyakran veszekszünk.) We quarrel so often! (Olyan gyakran veszekszünk!)

A mondat végén állók

EVERY day / week / month / year / morning etc.

(minden nap, héten, hónapban, évben, reggel)
pl. I go to the cinema every weekend. (Minden hétvégén elmegyek moziba.)
ONCE/TWICE/THREE TIMES/FOUR TIMES etc. A day/week/month etc.
(egyszer/kétszer/háromszor/négyszer stb. egy nap / héten / hónapban stb.
VAGY: naponta/ hetente / havonta egyszer/kétszer/háromszor stb.)
pl. She cleans her teeth twice a day. (Naponta kétszer mos fogat.)
ONCE/TWICE/THREE TIMES etc. IN two/three etc. weeks/months etc.
(kéthetente/kéthavonta / háromhetente/háromhavonta stb. egyszer/kétszer/háromszor stb.
VAGY: két évben / két hónapban egyszer/kétszer/háromszor stb.)
pl. The Olympic Games are held once in four years.
(Az Olimpiát négyévente egyszer rendezik meg.)
1) Put the time adverbials given in brackets into the sentences.

We were at home. She drinks coffee. We watch TV. (six They will go to the
(always) (never) times a week) cinema. (often)

I wash my hair. (once I clean my teeth. We drink alcohol. They visited their
a week) (twice a day) (rarely) friends. (sometimes)

I have breakfast. Mrs. Boyd will play Tom drinks gin. Mr. Lee is angry.
(every morning) golf. (often) (hardly ever) (usually)

2) Rewrite each sentence, placing the adverb in brackets in the correct position.

e.g. John listens to me (never) John never listens to me

1. I have cereals for breakfast. (sometimes)

2. My team will win. (never)
3. My sister is very generous. (usually)
4. John is upset. (always)
5. He was so annoying! (sometimes)
6. I will meet him. (rarely)
7. The Addisons go for a walk (every afternoon)
8. They have breakfast at 7. (every day)
9. They go shopping to the mall. (once a week)
10. They watched TV. (often)
11. They surf the internet. (hardly ever)
12. They are tired. (usually)

3) Compose sentences using the verbs in Present Simple and placing the adverb in
brackets in the correct position.

1. Jim/ play tennis/ after school. (never)

2. Mary/ meet/ her friends/ at a café. (often)
3. I/ be/ late/ for school. (never)
4. They/ make/ their beds in the morning. (sometimes)
5. Carla/ cook/ dinner/ on Sundays. (rarely)

4) Arrange the words to make up sentences.

1. often / you / how / go / did / swimming

How ______________________________________?
2. usually / went / I / week / once / a / there
I _________________________________________.
3. never / I / swam / the / in / sea
I_________________________________________.
4. cold / the / always / too / water / was
The ______________________________________.
5. sometimes / we / football / play
We _______________________________________.
6. often / the / she / to / go / how / does / cinema
How ______________________________________?
7. always / bus / is / late / the
The _______________________________________.
8. hungry / am / in / I / morning / never / the
I __________________________________________.
9. week / football / times / play / three / Ron / a / will
Ron _______________________________________.
10. do / homework / often / do / in / TV / front / the / your / of / you
Do _______________________________________?
11. class / are / there / karate / many / people / at / never / my
There _____________________________________.
12. coffee / sometimes / has / Dan / breakfast / for
Dan ______________________________________.
13. did / bus / homework / on / sometimes / they / their / the
They _____________________________________.
14. have / lunch / a / they / hamburger / twice / for / day
They _____________________________________.
15. school / usually / to / we / cycled
We _______________________________________.
16. school / Anna / always / is / for / late
Anna _____________________________________.

5) Complete the text about the weather in England with the correct adverb.

I _____ (never/always) watch the weather forecast on television

to see what tomorrow's weather will be like. In England the
weather changes very _____ (always/often). It's very
changeable. _____ (Sometimes/Always) it rains for a day or two,
but after the wet weather, _____ (never/often) with noisy
thunderstorms, it is _____ (never/sometimes) dry for a long
time, with no rain at all. On some days the sun shines and the
sky is clear, but on other days it is so cloudy that you don’t see
the sun. English summers aren't _____ (never/usually) very hot but the temperature _____
(usually/never) reaches 25 Cº, so it's quite warm. In winter it is _____ (always/sometimes)
quite mild and pleasant but _____ (sometimes/always) it's very cold or even freezing. The
English climate isn't very good for holiday but it makes the countryside green.

6) Which sentence is correct?

1 5
I never go there. Rarely I go there.
I go never there. I rarely go there.
Never I go there. Both
2 6
I usually get up at six-thirty. I am frequently late for work.
I get usually up at six-thirty. I frequently am late for work.
3 Both
I will often go there. 7
I often will go there. I was on always time.
Both I was always on time.
4 Both
Generally, I don't read a newspaper.
I don't read a newspaper generally.
Both

7) Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Gyakran otthon ebédelek.

2. A szomszédunk minden hónapban elutazik Bécsbe.
3. Havonta négyszer megyünk moziba.
4. Hetente kétszer járok úszni.
5. Mark néha rántottát fog enni reggelire.
6. Néha szeretek egyedül lenni.
7. Olyan gyakran késel el!
8. Ritkán szoktunk operába menni.
9. Paul és Simon hetente kétszer mennek horgászni.
10. Gyakran vacsoráztunk étteremben.
11. Naponta négyszer sétáltatom meg a kutyámat.
12. A nagybátyám minden nap elmegy futni.
13. Mindig gyalog fogok iskolába menni.
14. Peter ritkán megy színházba.
15. Minden nap sok ember van a bankban.
16. Nem mindig szoktunk diszkóba menni.
17. Soha nem gondolsz rám!
18. Mary nem szokott gyakran fogat mosni, ezért a fogai sárgák.
19. Sue és Mike soha nem mondtak igazat.
20. Minden héten elmegyek a parkba, de semmi nem történik. (Nincs kettős tagadás!)
21. Milyen gyakran mosol?
22. Általában mit reggelizel?
23. Milyen gyakran szoktál TV-t nézni?
24. Gyakran dolgozol a kertben?
25. Milyen gyakran szoktál hegedülni?

1)
We were always at home.
She never drinks coffee.
We watch TVsix times a week.
They will often go to the cinema.
KEY:
I wash my hair once a week.
I clean my teeth twice a day.
We rarely drink alcohol.
They sometimes visited their friends.
I have breakfast every morning.
Mrs. Boyd will often play golf.
Tom hardly ever drinks gin.
Mr. Lee is usually angry.

2)
1. I sometimes have cereals for breakfast. 7. The Addisons go for a walk every afternoon.
2. My team will never win. 8. They have breakfast at 7 every day.
3. My sister is usually very generous. 9. They go shopping to the mall once a week.
4. John is always upset. 10. They often watched TV.
5. He was sometimes so annoying! 11. They hardly ever surf the internet.
6. I will rarely meet him. 12. They are usually tired.

3)
1. Jim never plays tennis after school. 4. They sometimes make their beds in the morning.
2. Mary often meets her friends at a café. 5. Carla rarely cooks dinner on Sundays.
3. I am never late for school.

4)
1. How often do you go swimming? 9. Ron will play football three times a week.
2. I usually went there once a week. 10. Do you often do your homework in front of the TV?
3. I never swam in the sea. 11. There are never many people at my karate class.
4. The water was always too cold. 12. Dan sometimes has coffee for breakfast.
5. We sometimes play football. 13. They sometimes did their homework on the bus.
6. How often does she go to the cinema? 14. They have a hamburger for lunch twice a day.
7. The bus is always late. 15. We usually cycled to school.
8. I am never hungry in the morning. 16. Anna is always late for school.
5)
I always watch the weather forecast on television to see what tomorrow's weather will be like. In England the
weather changes very often. It's very changeable. Sometimes it rains for a day or two, but after the wet weather,
often with noisy thunderstorms, it is sometimes dry for a long time, with no rain at all. On some days the sun
shines and the sky is clear, but on other days it is so cloudy that you don’t see the sun. English summers aren't
usually very hot but the temperature usually reaches 25 Cº, so it's quite warm. In winter it is sometimes quite mild
and pleasant but sometimes it's very cold or even freezing. The English climate isn't very good for holiday but it
makes the countryside green.
6)
1 I never go there. 4 Both 6 I am frequently late 7 I was always on time.
2 I usually get up at six-thirty. 5 I rarely go there. for work.
3 I will often go there.

7)
1. I often have lunch at home. 14. Peter rarely goes to the theatre.
2. Our neighbour travels to Vienna every month. 15. There are a lot of people at the bank every day.
3. We go to the cinema four times a month. 16. We don’t always go to the disco.
4. I go swimming twice a week. 17. You never think of me!
5. Mark will sometimes eat scrambled eggs for 18. Mary doesn’t often wash her teeth so her teeth are
breakfast. yellow.
6. Sometimes I like being alone. 19. Sue and Mike never told the truth.
7. You are late so often! 20. I go to the park every week but nothing happens.
8. We rarely go to the opera. 21. How often do you wash?
9. Paul and Simon go fishing twice a week. 22. What do you usually have for breakfast?
10. We often had dinner at a restaurant. 23. How often do you watch TV?
11. I walk my dog four times a day. 24. Do you often work in the garden?
12. My uncle goes running every day. 25. How often do you play the violin?
13. I will always go to school on foot.