STUDY THE WORKING OF HYDRAULIC RAM

goals:
 To know about the working principle and application of hydraulic ram
 To find out the efficiency of hydraulic ram

equipment:
 Hydraulic Ram arrangement setup

background:
Hydraulic Ram is a device with which small quantities of water can be pumped to higher levels from the
available large quantity of water of low head. It works on the principle of water hammer.

It consists of valve box wherein low head

water flows. The box contains a waste valve
V1 which opens inward and a delivery valve
V2 which opens outwards. Both the valves V1
and V2 are non-return valves that allow the
flow only in one direction. Valve V2
communicates with air vessel which is
connected to the delivery tank through a
delivery pipe.

It works on the principle of “water hammer”.

When a flowing liquid is suddenly brought to
rest, the change in momentum of liquid
causes a sudden rise in pressure. This rise in
pressure is utilized to raise a portion of a liquid
to a higher level.

The efficiency of hydraulic ram depends upon following:

1. Losses in the pipe.

2. Losses in valve box.
3. Ratios l/h and h/H.

Here according to D’Aubuisson’s efficiency = (q*H)/(Q*h)

Here Q= discharge from supply tank to valve box,

q= discharge from valve box to delivery tank,

h= height of water in supply tank above valve box

H= height of water in delivery tank above valve box.

Process:
 First water from a delivery tank is made flow through the pipe.
 Then waste height of water level at supply side and waste side were measured and then
corresponding time was also recorded.
  Procedure 1 & 2 were repeated.

Experiment table:

s.n q Q P1 (kg/cm2)

r1(cm) r2(cm) t(sec) R1-R2(cm) T(sec)

1 7.5 9 30 14.8 25 0.15

2 9 10.5 25 8 20
0.25
MATHEMATICAL CALCULATION:

r= (r2-r1)/100 where r11=0.015 m & r12= 0.015 m

R=(R2-R1)/100 where R11=0.148 m & R22=0.08 m

Given A=0.1215 m2

Hg=1m H2O

hd=10*p, m of H2O here hd1= 1.5 m & hd2=2.5 m

Now,

q=(A*r)/t where q11=6.075*10-5 m3/s & q22=7.29*10-5 m3/s

Q=(A*R)/T where Q11=7.1928*10-4 m3/s & Q22=4.86*10-4 m3/s

We know efficiency (η)= (q*hd)/(Q*Hg)

= (q11 *hd1)/(Q11*Hg) =12.66 %

= (q22 *hd2)/(Q22*Hg) =37.5%

Average efficiency( ηave)=25.08%

Result:

Hence the efficiency of Hydraulic Ram is found to be: 25.08%

Conclusion:

Hence the working principle of hydraulic ram is observed.