OHNCAVK TANIHNJUK

TABJ_VAG
IA\BKVJGC T\HMKOV

VALNK HE OHGVKGV_

TACK
KPKO[VJUK _[IIA\Z
J O@ATVK\ 1 V@K EJKNF HE 1)?
IA\BKVJGC

J'1 JGV\HF[OVJHG
 J'< IA\BKVJGC _VACK [_KF

J'? JITNKIKGVJGC V@K

IA\BKVJGC OHGOKTV

J'?'1 O{svhik| h|jkgvavjhg %

O{svhik| \knavjhgs`jts
J'?'< Ohh|fjgavjhg he ia|bkvjgc
aovjujvjks
J'?'<'1 Q{anjvz
J'?'<'< Uan{k O|kavjhg
J'?'<'? Ohncavk H|cagj}avjhgan
Hlmkovjuks % Tk|eh|iagok
J'6 Ohncavk _hojkvan Ia|bkvjgc
Ohgoktv
J'; Ohncavk Kv`joan Lk`aujh| 
Kitnhzikgvs % Ohsvs

JJ O@ATVK\ < OHNCAVK OH' FZGAIJO 6)5

IA\BKVJGC
KGUJ\HGIKGV

JJ'1 Ohncavk kpvk|gan Iao|h

kguj|hgikgv
JJ'1'1 Fkihc|at`jos
JJ'1'< Ohitkvjvjhg
JJ'1'? _hojan % O{nv{|an Eh|oks
JJ'1'6 Vko`ghnhcz
JJ'< Ohncavk Kpvk|gan Ijo|h)
JJ'<'1 kguj|hgikgv
JJ'<'< V`kj| ia|bkv
JJ'<'? V`kj| s{ttnjk|s
JJ'? V`kj| ia|bkv Jgvk|ikfja|jks
V`kj| Jgvk|gan \knavjhgs`jts

JJJ O@ATVK\ ? CNHLAN IA\BKV_ % 3)0

IA\BKVJGC
JJJ'1 Ohncavk Jgvk|gavjhgan Ia|bkvjgc
JJJ'1'1 _hojan agf O{nv{|an Eh|oks
JJJ'1'< Ohitkvjvjhg
JJJ'1'? Thnjvjoan agf Nkcan Eh|oks
JJJ'1'6 Lhzohvv Nas
JJJ'< V`kj| ia|bkvjgc ijp
JJJ'<'1 \kska|o`
JJJ'<'< V|afk ia|bs
 JJJ'<'? T|jojgc
JJJ'<'6 Fjsv|jl{vjhg
JJJ'?'; Afuk|vjsjgc

JU O@ATVK\ 6 OHG_[IK\ IA\BKV_ % :)1?

L[ZJGC LK@AUJH\ 

JU'1 Ckhc|at`jo Fjsv|jl{vjhg

JU'< Ohgs{ik| fkihc|at`jos
JU'? Ohgs{ik| Fkojsjhg iabjgc
JU'?'1 Ohncavk L{zjgc Tav|hgack
Ihvjuks
JU'; Jgeh|iavjhg % T{|o`ask
fkojsjhgs
JU'5 _hojan Jgen{kgoks
JU'3 _hojan Onass
JU'0 \kek|kgok C|h{ts
JU': Eaijnjks agf @h{sk`hnfs
JU'14 Tszo`hnhcjoan Eaovh|s
JU'14'1 Tk|oktvjhg
JU'14'< Tk|shganjvz
JU'14'? Avvjv{fk
JU'11 _jv{avjhgan Jgen{kgoks
U O@ATVK\ ; L[_JGK__ IA\BKV_ AGF 16)15
L[ZJGC LK@AUJH\ 

U'1 H|an L|agfs

U'1'1 H|an T|hf{ovs
U'1'< Tk|shgan oa|k T|hf{ovs
U'1'? @h{sk @hnf oa|k T|hf{ovs
U'< Fkiagf =En{ov{avjgc %
Knasvjojvz
U'? L{zjgc Fkojsjhg T|hokss
U'?'1 Vztks he L{zjgc _jv{avjhgs
U'?'< O\I Nkukns av Ohncavk
U'6 V`k K)Ohiik|ok Jitaov hg
Ohncavk

UJ O@ATVK\ 5 IA\BKV 13)<4

_KCIKGVAVVJHG.
VA\CKVJGC AGF
TH_JVJHGJGC
UJ'1 Ia|bkv _kcikgvavjhg av Ohncavk
Oh'
UJ'< Ohncavk Ohgs{ik| Ia|bkv
_kcikgvavjhg
 UJ'<'1 Ckhc|at`jo _kcikgvavjhg
UJ'<'< Fkihc|at`jo _kcikgvavjhg
UJ'<'? Tszo`hc|at`jo _kcikgvavjhg
UJ'<'6 Lk`aujh|an _kcikgvavjhg
UJ'? Ohncavk L{sjgkss Ia|bkv
_kcikgvavjhg
UJ'?'1 O{svhik| Nhoavjhg
UJ'?'< O{svhik| Vztk
UJ'?'? V|agsaovjhg Vztk
UJ'6 Ohncavk Oh' Thsjvjhgjgc
UJ'; Ohncavk Ia|bkv _`a|k
UJ'5 Ohncavk Eh|koasvjgc Eh| Zka| 
<445

ATTKGFJOK_ ATTKGFJP A C|hss T|hejv Ia|cjgs av Ohncavk

ATTKGFJP L  Gkv Jgohik av Ohncavk
ATTKGFJJP O Oas` Fjujfkgf av Ohncavk
OHGON[_JHG_
\KEK\KGOK_

J O@ATVK\ 1 V@K EJKNF HE IA\BKVJGC

J'1 JGV\HF[OVJHG

V`k h|cagj}avjhg(t|hf{ovs J `auk o`hskg eh| ia|bkvjgc aganzsjs js Ohncavk Oh'

Hlujh{snz vhhv`tasvk js lkjgc {skf q{jvk e|kq{kgvnz jg kao` agf kuk|z `hik' Nkv {s skk
`h fjeek|kgv sv|avkcjks attnz hg v`js t|hf{ov'

J'< IA\BKVJGC _VACK [_KF

V`k ia|bkvjgc svack v`kz a|k jg js ia|bkv h|jkgvkf' Ohncavk js ghv ehnnhjgc t|hf{ov
h|jkgvkf h| sanks)h|jkgvkf svack' V`kz njbk vh savjsez v`kj| o{svhik|s agf v|z v`kj| lksv av
v`av'

J'? JITNKIKGVJGC V@K IA\BKVJGC OHGOKTV

Ohncavk Oh' js jitnkikgvjgc v`k ia|bkvjgc ohgoktv lz o{svhik| |knavjhgs`jts agf

o{svhik| savjseaovjhg'

J'?'1 O[_VHIK\ H\JKGVAVJHG AGF O[_VHIK\ \KNAVJHG_@JT_

Hgk az v`av Ohncavk js {sjgc vh l{jnf |knavjhgs`jt jv` jvs o{svhik|s js v`av jv {sks
jgvk|gkv ohii{gjoavjhg. agf l{jnfs |knavjhgs`jts jv` jvs o{svhik|s lz tk|shganj}jgc
v`kj| jgvk|aovjhgs' V`kz t|hujfk fjeek|kgv htvjhgs njbk o{svhik|s oannjgc hg v`kj| vhnn e|kk
g{ilk| agf `aujgc v`kj| q{k|jks agsk|kf' V`j|fnz v`kz kgoh{|ack ohiikgvs hg v`kj| 
 t|hf{ovs lz o{svhik|s agf ckv a ekkf laob'
Ohncavk Oh' `as skv v`k `jc`ksv svagfa|fs eh| v`k t|hf{ov' V`kz a|k ohiijvvkf vh jgs{|jgc
v`av ohgs{ik|s oag ohgvjg{k vh v|{sv Ohncavk t|hf{ovs eh| v`kj| |knjaljnjvz. q{anjvz agf
s{tk|jh| tk|eh|iagok' Jg affjvjhg. vh sk|uk v`k ljnnjhgs he tkhtnk jg v`k ia|bkvs `k|k
 l{sjgkss js fhgk. v`kz sv|juk vh t|hf{ok t|hf{ovs jg v`k ihsv keejojkgv az thssjlnk sh v`av
v `av
v`kz a|k aeeh|falnk vh v`k c|kavksv
c|kav ksv g{ilk| he ohgs{ik|s'
T|hf{ovs shnf lz Ohncavk i{sv ghv hgnz ikkv ann saekvz svagfa|fs skv lz na. l{v ansh
hevkg ih|k sv|jgckgv Ohitagz svagfa|fs' V`kz ta|vjojtavk jg t|hc|ais vh t|hujfk t|hitv
assjsvagok vh ohgs{ik|s jg oask he t|hf{ov vaitk|jgc h| ijs{sk' Ohgs{ik| `kanv`. saekvz
agf knn)lkjgc a|k he ta|aih{gv ohgok|g vh v`ki' V`kz a|k |ksthgsjuk vh ohgs{ik|s'
Aooh|fjgc vh v`ki. l{sjgkss js ohgs{ik| t|hf{ovs. sh v`kj| s{ookss fktkgfs {thg
ohgs{ik| savjseaovjhg. v|{sv agf chhfjnn' V`kz oag lksv ao`jkuk v`kj| hlmkovjuks agf
sk|uk v`k gkkfs he ohgs{ik|s lz ehnnhjgc a ohgsjsvkgv. eaj| agf skgsjvjuk t|hc|ai he 
ohgs{ik| ohii{gjoavjhg'

J'?'< OHH\FJGAVJHG HE IA\BKVJGC AOVJUJVJK_

J'?'<'1 Q[ANJVZ

Ohncavk tkhtnk v|z vh iajgvajg v`k q{anjvz he v`kj| t|hf{ovs' Jv js sjcgjejoagv vh ghvk v`av
Ohncavk vhhv` tasvk js lkjgc {skf jg ihsv he v`k `hiks vjok a faz' Ihsv he v`k fkgvjsvs
|kohiikgf jv vh v`kj| tavjkgvs'

J'?'<'< UAN[K O\KAVJHG

Ohncavk tkhtnk vabk a nhhb vh |kohcgj}k `av o{svhik|s fkiagf jg a Ohncavk t|hf{ov'
V`kz skk `av o{svhik|s. uan{k jg a t|hf{ov' V`kz a|k aa|k he v`kj| o{svhik| fksj|ks
agf v|z vh heek| v`k lksv q{anjvz
q{anjvz agf
a gf v`k nhksv thssjlnk t|jok vh jvs o{svhik|s
o{svh ik|s'
V`ksk vh aovjujvjks a|k knn ohh|fjgavkf'

J'?'<'? OHNCAVK H\CAGJ]AVJHGAN HLMKOVJUK_ AGF V@KJ\ 

TK\EH\IAGOK

Ohncavk js ohiijvvkf vh ckvvjgc lkvvk| kuk|z faz jg ann jv fhks. as jgfjujf{ans agf as
vkais' Lz lkvvk| {gfk|svagfjgc ohgs{ik|s# agf o{svhik|s# kptkovavjhgs agf ohgvjg{h{snz
h|bjgc vh jgghuavk agf jit|huk t|hf{ovs. sk|ujoks agf t|hokssks. Ohncavk jnn ,lkohik
v`k lksv', Jg ih|k v`ag `{gf|kf oh{gv|jks. Ohncavk `as lkkg |kohcgj}kf as v`k lksv vhhv`
 tasvk eh| jvs fjuk|sj
f juk|sjvz
vz'

J'?'<'6 OHNCAVK _HOJKVAN IA\BKVJGC OHGOKTV

V`|h{c`h{v v`k h|nf. jv js v`k chan he Ohncavk tkhtnk vh vabk ta|v jg t|hmkovs vh e{|v`k| 
v`k fkuknhtikgv agf knea|k he v`k nhoan ohii{gjvz' _{o` t|hmkovs jgon{fk ta|vjojtavjgc
jg o`a|jvalnk f|juks agf ass{ijgc |ksthgsjljnjvz eh| ajfjgc v`k thh|. jgm{|kf agf `hiknkss
av v`k vjik he gavjhgan fjsasvk|'
V`kj| t|jia|z eho{s js hg zh{gc tkhtnk. ta|vjo{na|nz v`k kf{oavjhg he zh{gc tkhtnk'
Ohncavk lknjkuks v`av jguksvikgvs iafk jg o`jnf|kg vhfaz jnn lkgkejvs v`ki ann
vhih||h' V`av js `z v`k Ohitagz sthgsh|s |kafjgc t|hc|ais. ikgvh|jgc jgjvjavjuks.
av`nkvjo ohitkvjvjhgs agf hv`k| zh{v` aovjujvjks a|h{gf v`k h|nf' V`ksk keeh|vs ehsvk| jg
zh{v` a stj|jv he ohitkvjvjhg agf ao`jkukikgv'
ao` jkukikgv'

J'6 OHNCAVK KV@JOAN LK@AUJH[\ 

A ohfk he ohgf{ov js t|hujfkf jg h|fk| vh kgs{|k eh| v`kj| kitnhzkks. ohgs{ik|s. h{vsjfk
 l{sjgkssks agf nhoan ohii{gjvjks' V`kz fkan kv`joannz
kv`joa nnz jv` s{ttnjk|s agf o{svhik|s'
V`kj| aji jg ohgf{ovjgc t{|o`asjgc htk|avjhgs js vh kgs{|k
kgs{|k ohgvjg{jgc. |knjalnk sh{|oks
he s{ttnz' @hgksv fkanjgc jv` o{svhik|s agf s{ttnjk|s js ksskgvjan vh sh{gf. nasvjgc
|knavjhgs`jts'

J'; KITNHZIKGV_ % OH_V_

Ohncavk js heek|jgc mhls vh iagz tkhtnk

tkht nk jg v`k ehnnhjgc ejknfs=

h  Kgcjgkk|jgc % Iag{eaov{|jgc 
h  E jgagok
jgagok
h  @ {iag
{iag |ksh{|oks
h  K)Ohiik|ok
h  J geh|iavjhg
geh|iavjhg vko`ghnhcz
h  Nkcan 
h  \kska|o` % Fkuknhtikgv 
 h  Ia|bkvjgc 
h _ anks
anks

Jv js heek|jgc skuk|an fkuknhtikgv t|hc|ais eh| {gfk|c|af{avk sv{fkgvs jg iagz he v`ksk

fjsojtnjgks'
A gh' he tkhtnk js an|kafz h|bjgc jg v`ksk fkta|vikgvs he Ohncavk Oh'

JJ O@ATVK\ < OHNCAVK OH'= FZGAIJO IA\BKVJGC KGUJ\HGIKGV

JJ'1 OHNCAVK KPVK\GAN IAO\HKGUJ\HGIKGV

JJ'1'1 FKIHC\AT@JO_

Tht{navjhg 1 ij ? ij ; ij
Iank tht{navjhg 13.;46 ?<1.3?4 36?.;46
Ekiank tht{navjhg 1;.0;5 ?<<.:;? 333.136
+ Iank Tht ;<';6+ 6:':1+ 60'0:+
+ Ekiank 63';?+ ;4'4:+ ;1'11+

JJ'1'<OHITKVJVJHG

Av nhoan nkukn Ohncavk `as ohitkvjvh|s njbk _jcgan<. Gkki. Onhsk){t. Tktshfkgv. Kgcnjs`
vhhv` tasvk agf Iao nkags. Ikfj oai agf _ta|bnk' V`ksk ohitkvk jg t|joks agf q{anjvz'
Eh| kpaitnk. Kgcnjs` vhhv` tasvk js ohgsjfk|kf vh lk v`k o`katksv. l{v heek|s nh q{anjvz
as ohita|kf vh Ohncavk'

JJ'1'? _HOJAN AGF O[NV[\AN EH\OK_

Ihsv he v`k tkhtnk naz sv|kss hg q{anjvz he njek |av`k| v`ag q{agvjvz he chhfs shnf'
 T |hvkovjgc
|hvkovjgc v`k h|nf jg js a ujvan ohgok|g agf a ohgvjg{jgc ohiijvikgv' As a cnhlan 
ohitagz fkfjoavkf vh ohgs{ik| t|hf{ovs v`av ohgv|jl{vk vh v`k huk|ann q{anjvz he njek.
Ohncavk |kohcgj}ks agf ohgsvagvnz |kaeej|is v`k uan{k he a `kanv`z agf onkag
kguj|hgikgv'
V`k `kanv` agf saekvz he o{svhik|s. tkhtnk agf v`k ohii{gjvjks js uk|z jith|vagv' V`kz
a|k ohiijvvkf vh iag{eaov{|jgc2 taobacjgc agf sknnjgc q{anjvz t|hf{ovs v`av ikkv h| 
kpokkf `kanv` agf saekvz |{nks agf |kc{navjhgs' V`kz jnn ohgvjg{k vh jit|huk v`kj| 
 t|hf{ovs agf taobacjgc agf jguksv jg jgghuavjhgs v`av t|hvkov v`k kguj|hgikgv'
As ea| as ckgfk| |hnks a|k ohgok|gkf. ihsv he v`k `h{sk`hnf s`httjgc js fhgk lz hikg'
Ikg njbk vh l{z knkov|joan kq{jtikgv. oa|s. agf ohit{vk|s'

JJ'1'6 VKO@GHNHCZ

OHNCAVK OH' {sk Ohncavkµs Jgeh|iavjhg Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks |ksthgsjlnz agf jg a

iaggk| ohgsjsvkgv jv` v`k Ohfk agf ann hv`k| Ohitagz C{jfknjgks. jgon{fjgc v`hsk
|knavkf vh stkojejo ohit{vk| vko`ghnhcz. fava t|hvkovjhg. ohgejfkgvjan agf t|ht|jkva|z
jgeh|iavjhg. agf jgvknnkov{an t|htk|vz |jc`vs' Ohncavkµs Jgeh|iavjhg Vko`ghnhcz
\ksh{|oks jgon{fk ann ohit{vk| kq{jtikgv v`av js hgkf. nkaskf h| |kgvkf lz Ohncavk.
|kca|fnkss he v`k t`zsjoan nhoavjhg. jgon{fjgc. l{v ghv njijvkf vh. tk|shgan ohit{vk|s.
 th|valnk ohit{vk| fkujoks. gkvh|b sk|uk|s. aookss vh v`k Jgvk|gkv. Ohncavkµs Jgv|agkv agf
k)iajn aookss fkujoks' V`js ansh jgon{fks uhjok iajn agf hv`k| uhjok szsvkis. eap
iao`jgks. agf jgeh|iavjhg hlvajgkf h| fhgnhafkf e|hi agf(h| fjsskijgavkf
v`|h{c` v`k Jgvk|gkv agf Ohncavkµs Jgv|agkv' ¿Jgeh|iavjhg Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks¶ ansh
jgon{fks aookss vh Ohncavkµs gkvh|b agf k)iajn e|hi a ohit{vk| v`av js ghv hgkf.
nkaskf h| |kgvkf lz Ohncavk
Oh ncavk j'k' `hik ohit{vk|s*'
Ann he Ohncavkµs Jgeh|iavjhg Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks a|k v`k t|htk|vz he Ohncavk2 v`js
jgon{fks v`k jgeh|iavjhg o|kavkf. svh|kf h| v|agsijvvkf {sjgc Ohncavk Jgeh|iavjhg
Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks' V`k hgnz jgeh|iavjhg v`av js ghv ohgsjfk|kf Ohitagz t|htk|vz js
v`k jgeh|iavjhg hlvajgkf f{|jgc v`k njijvkf tk|shgan {sk he Ohncavk Jgeh|iavjhg
Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks h| jgeh|iavjhg v`av js ghv fkkikf vh lk Ohitagz t|htk|vz {gfk| 
attnjoalnk nas agf |kc{navjhgs'
Ohncavk Jgeh|iavjhg Vko`ghnhcz \ksh{|oks js {skf eh| Ohncavk l{sjgkss t{|thsks'
JJ'< OHNCAVK KPVK\GAN IJO\HKGUJ\HGIKGV

JJ'<'1 V@KJ\ I
V@KJ\ IA\BKV

Ohncavk `as jvs ia|bkvs jg anihsv ih|k v`ag <; oh{gv|jks a|h{gf v`k cnhlk' V`ksk jgon{fk
[_A. Jgfja. Lkncj{i. L|a}jn. A{sv|anja. Oagafa. Fkgia|b. E|agok. Ejgnagf. Ck|iagz.
C|kkok. Jgfja. J|knagf. Jvanz. Ikpjoh. Ianazsja. Gkv`k|nagfs. Gh|az. Th|v{can. _tajg.
_jv}k|nagf agf [B'

JJ'<'< V@KJ\ _[TTNJK\_

V`k s{ttnjk|s he v`k ohitagz jgon{fk v`k hv`k| sk|ujoks jv gkkfs e|hi hv`k| h|cagj}avjhgs
jg h|fk| vh |{g jvs l{sjgkss' V`k Ohncavk Oh' `as |kq{j|kikgvs eh| v`k t|hf{ovs jgon{fjgc=

 Oa| _ k|ujok
k|ujok
 Oavk|jgc 
 O`kijoans
 Ohii{gjoavjhgs
 Ohit{vk| tk|jt`k|ans
 Ohgsv|{ovjhg
 Ohgs{nvjgc 
 Ohgv|aov iag{eaov{|jgc 
 Oh)taobjgc 
 Oh{|jk| sk|ujok
  Fjsthsan sk|ujok
  Kitnhzikgv sk|ujok
  E nauh|
nauh| agf e|ac|agok jg jgc|kfjkgvs
 C|at`jo fksjcg
  J geh|iavjhg
geh|iavjhg vko`ghnhcz
  J guksvikgv
guksvikgv iagackikgv 
  M agjvh|jan 
agjvh|jan 
  Nagfsoatjgc 
  Nkcan sk|ujoks
  Ia|bkv |kska|o`
  Ikfja
  T aobacjgc 
aobacjgc 
  T |jgvjgc 
|jgvjgc 
  T |hihvjhgs
|hihvjhgs
 V |ajgjgc 
|ajgjgc 
 V |agsth|vavjhg
|agsth|vavjhg
 S a|k`h{sjgc 
a|k`h{sjgc 
 S asvk
asvk iagackikgv 
JJ'<'? V@KJ\ IA\BKVJGC JGVK\IKFJA\JK_

Ohncavk t|hf{ovs a|k ckgk|annz ia|bkvkf lz a fj|kov sanks eh|ok av kao` jgfjujf{an
htk|avjgc s{lsjfja|z h| l{sjgkss {gjv' Jg shik oasks. fjsv|jl{vh|s h| l|hbk|s a|k { skf'

JJ'? V@KJ\ JGVK\GAN \KNAVJHG_@JT_

Ann Ohncavk tkhtnk a|k ta|v he a cnhlan vkai. ohiijvvkf vh h|bjgc vhckv`k| ao|hss
oh{gv|jks agf v`|h{c`h{v v`k h|nf' Hgnz lz s`a|jgc jfkas. vko`ghnhcjks agf vankgvs oag
v`k Ohitagz ao`jkuk agf
a gf s{svajg t|hejvalnk c|hv`'

JJJ O@ATVK\ ? CNHLAN IA\BKV_ AGF IA\BKVJGC

JJJ'1 OHNCAVK JGVK\GAVJHGAN IA\BKVJGC

JJ'1'1 _HOJAN AGF O[NV[\AN EH\OK_

Eh| ag Jsnaijo oh{gv|z. s{o` t|hf{ovs jg vhhv`tasvk a|k t|h`jljvkf. `jo` I{snjis fh ghv
{sk' Eh| kpaitnk. Ohncavk vhhv` tasvk sknnjgc jg [_A h{nf `auk fjeek|kgv jgc|kfjkgvs
agf vasvk as he v`av lkjgc shnf jg Tabjsvag h| _a{fj A|alja' _hik o{svhik|s a|k ih|k
skgsjvjuk vha|fs fkgvan oa|k. `jnk shik vabk jv njc`vnz'
njc`vnz'
JJJ'1'< OHITKVJVJHG

V`k jgvk|gavjhgan ohitkvjvh|s v`av Ohncavk `as a|k Tktsh fkgv. _ta|bnk. Onhsk){t. agf Iao
nkags' V`ksk ann ohitkvk jg q{anjvz as knn as t|jok'

JJJ'1'? THNJVJOAN AGF NKCAN EH\OK_

Iagz oh{gv|jks jg `jo` Ohncavk h| jvs aeejnjavks fh l{sjgkss `auk v`kj| hg agvjv|{sv
nas' Jv js Ohncavkµs thnjoz vh ohitnz jv` v`ksk nas' Eh| kpaitnk. V`k ['_' jithsks
ok|vajg v|afk |ksv|jovjhgs {gfk| v`k Jgvk|gavjhgan Kik|ckgoz Kohghijo Thk|s Aov. v`k
V|afjgc jv` v`k Kgkiz Aov agf v`k |knavkf Kpko{vjuk H|fk|s agf ['_' V|kas{|z
Fkta|vikgv agf ['_' Ohiik|ok Fkta|vikgv |kc{navjhgs'

V`k Va|jee Aov he 1:?4 agf hv`k| nas kgeh|okf av v`k lh|fk| lz v`k ['_ O{svhis _k|ujok
  t|hujfk v`av ok|vajg a|vjonks a|k t|h`jljvkf jith|vavjhgs jgvh v`k ['_' V`ksk t|h`jljvkf
jith|vavjhgs a|k ghv njijvkf'
njijvkf'

JJJ'1'6 LHZOHVV NAS_

Jg ckgk|an. agvj lhzohvv nas agf |kc{navjhgs t|h`jljv ohhtk|avjhg jv` ok|vajg
{gsagovjhgkf eh|kjcg lhzohvvs'

JJJ'< V@KJ\ IA\BKVJGC IJP

JJJ'<'1 \K_KA\O@

A Ohncavk |kska|o` agf fkuknhtikgv o|jvk|jhg s{tth|vs jv jg iagz l|agfs v`k t|hf{ovs eh| 
h|an. tk|shgan oa|k agf `h{sk`hnf oa|k' Att|hpjiavknz 64+ he vhvan Ohitagz sanks jg
<446 oaik e|hi gk t|hf{ovs na{go`kf jv`jg v`k tasv ejuk zka|s' V`ksk gk t|hf{ovs
`auk nkf vh sv|hgc ia|bkv s`a|k c|hv` agf ia|bkv nkafk|s`jt jg oh|k oavkch|jks a|h{gf
v`k h|nf' Eh| kpaitnk. jg <446 Ohncavk Iap E|ks` agf Ohncavk _jitnz S`jvk
vhhv`tasvks ghv hgnz l|h{c`v jgghuavjhg vh v`k oavkch|z l{v ansh a|k ohgv|jl{vjgc vh |koh|f
ia|bkv s`a|ks 'Ohncavk tkhtnk kptkov vh ohgvjg{k bkktjgc v`k tjtknjgk e{nn. kstkojannz jg
`jc`)ia|cjg oavkch|jks he H|an Oa|k. Tk|shgan Oa|k agf Tkv G{v|jvjhg'
G{v|jvjhg'

JJJ'<'< V\AFK IA\B_

Ohncavk Oh ehnnhs t|jgojtan cnhlan v|afkia|bs as Ohncavk. Tanihnjuk. Amap. _h{t njgk.
T|hvkp agf skuk|an |kcjhgan v|afkia|bs'

JJJ'<'? T\JOJGC

Ohncavk `as jvs t|jojgc aooh|fjgc vh v`k

v `k o{||kgoz agf v`k vapks jgon{sjuk'

JJJ'<'6 FJ_V\JL[VJHG
 Ohncavk t|hf{ovs a|k ckgk|annz ia|bkvkf lz a fj|kov sanks eh|ok av kao` jgfjujf{an
htk|avjgc s{lsjfja|z h| l{sjgkss {gjv' Jg shik oasks. fjsv|jl{vh|s h| l|hbk|s a|k { skf'

JJJ'<'; AFUK\VJ_JGC

Hgk he v`k ihsv jith|vagv astkovs he l{sjgkss js afuk|vjsjgc' Afuk|vjsjgc s`h{nf lk

o|kavjuk agf ohitkvjvjuk. l{v av v`k saik vjik `hgksv agf ghv ijsnkafjgc' Ohncavk
afuk|vjsjgc i{sv ansh auhjf agz svk|khvztjgc he jgfjujf{ans laskf hg eaovh|s s{o` as |aok.
|knjcjhg. gavjhgan h|jcjg. kv`gjo h|jcjg. ohnh|. ckgfk|. ack. ojvj}kgs`jt. skp{an h|jkgvavjhg.
ukvk|ag svav{s. ia|jvan svav{s h| fjsaljnjvz' Afuk|vjsjgc o|kavks ih|k v`ag a t|hf{ov jiack'
Jv o|kavks |kt{vavjhg eh| |knjaljnjvz. fktkgfaljnjvz agf v|{svh|v`jgkss' Jg affjvjhg. v`kz
kpk|ojsk oa|k jg v`k sknkovjhg he
h e v`k ikfja jg `jo` afuk|vjsjgc ikssacks attka|'

Jg <446. Ohncavkµs afuk|vjsjgc stkgfjgc |hsk 14+ vh ag ann)vjik |koh|f nkukn' Jg <44;.
v`kz kptkov ohiik|ojan stkgfjgc vh ohgvjg{k
ohgvjg{k av ohitkvjvjuk
ohitkvjvjuk nkukns.
nkukns. jgon{fjgc `kauz
jgo|kasks jg ikfja'

V`js stkgfjgc jnn lk oa|ke{nnz va|ckvkf vh s{tth|v gk t|hf{ovs jg v`k Ohitagzµs oh|k.
`jc`)ia|cjg oavkch|jks agf jg bkz ohitkvjvjuk ia|bkvs jgon{fjgc v`k ['_'. O`jga. \{ssja.
Jgfja. Ikpjoh agf L|a}jn'

JU O@ATVK\ 6 OHG_[IK\ IA\BKV_ % L[ZJGC LK@AUJH\ 

V`k t|hf{ovs he Ohncavk Tanihnjuk a|k sknnjgc jg uasv ohgs{ik| ia|bkvs' Ohncavk js a &14'5
 ljnnjhg ohgs{ik| t|hf{ovs ohitagz v`av sk|uks tkhtnk a|h{gf v`k h|nf jv` knn)bghg
 l|agfs v`av iabk v`kj| njuks `kanv`jk| agf ih|k kgmhzalnk'

V|{nz cnhlan jg sohtk. Ohncavk htk|avks jg huk| <44 oh{gv|jks agf vk||jvh|jks'
Att|hpjiavknz 34+ he sanks ohik e|hi jgvk|gavjhgan htk|avjhgs'
Ohncavk js fknjuk|jgc sv|hgc cnhlan c|hv` lz ehnnhjgc a vjc`vnz fkejgkf sv|avkcz vh
jgo|kask ia|bkv nkafk|s`jt thsjvjhgs eh| bkz t|hf{ovs. s{o` as vhhv`tasvk. vhhv`l|{s`ks. la| 
agf njq{jf shats. fkhfh|agvs(agvj)tk| stj|agvs. fjs`as`jgc fkvk|ckgvs. `h{sk`hnf onkagk|s.
eal|jo ohgfjvjhgk|s agf stkojanvz tkv ehhf'

Av Ohncavk. chuk|gagok js v`k skv he thnjojks. t|jgojtnks agf uan{ks v`av c{jfks v`ki
 l{sjgkss t|hokssks jg v`k lksv jgvk|ksvs he s`a|k`hnfk|s agf kitnhzkks' Av kuk|z nkukn. v`k
 t|jgojtnks v`av c{jfk sh{gf chuk|gagok c{jfk v`k aovjhgs he Ohncavk tkhtnk' Ohncavk vabks
jv a o`annkgck vh iabk jvs o{svhik|s `attz'

JU'1 CKHC\AT@JO FJ_V\JL[VJHG

Sk jnn fjso{ss v`k ckhc|at`jo fjsv|jl{vjhg aooh|fjgc vh Tabjsvag' Jg Tabjsvag k `auk

|{|an tht{navjhg a|kas njbk Tj| _h`aa. Ih|k. agf La|a ba`h. gka| v`k oatjvan vk||jvh|z' V`k
{|lag a|kas jg Tabjsvag jgon{fk ljc ojvjks njbk Jsnaialaf. Na`h|k. Ba|ao`j agf Eajsanalaf'
V`k oatjvan vk||jvh|z `as lkkg e{|v`k| fjujfkf jgvh vhgs njbk Mh`ag Vhg. _avknnjvk vhg.
La`|ja Vhg' Tht{navjhg jg Tabjsvag `as lkkg fjujfkf njbk v`av' V`k ihsv fkgsknz
 tht{navkf t|hujgok he Tabjsvag js T{gmal' V`k na|cksv hgk jg a|ka js Lanho`jsvag' Ohgs{ik| 
  lk`aujh| js c|kavnz aeekovkf lz v`ksk v`jgcs' Eh| kpaitnk. tkhtnk jg T{gmal a|k ih|k
njvk|avk as ohita|kf vh v`k hgks jg Lan{o`jsvag' V`kz `auk a lkvvk| bghnkfck he l{zjgc
agf bgh `av vh l{z agf `h vh l{z' V`kz a|k aa|k he v`kj| uan{ks agf oag s`ht jg
 lkvvk| iaggk|'

JU'< OHG_[IK\ FKIHC\AT@JO_

Ohgs{ik| fkihc|at`jos jgon{fk eaijnz njek ozonk' V`k svacks jg v`k njek he a `{iag
 lkjgc jg Tabjsvag a|k fktjovkf jg ohgs{ik| fkihc|at`jos' Ckgk|annz Ohncavk js t|kek||kf
 lz tkhtnk he ann v`k c|h{ts' _jgok jv js ikfjoavkf t|hf{ov. tkhtnk he ann v`k acks njbk vh
{sk jv' _jgok
_jgok jv js ghv v`av kptkgsjuk
kptkgsjuk agf ohsvnz. tkhtnk njbk vh ch eh| jv' Jv ohiks jg
fjeek|kgv taobs agf ohsvs' Eh| kpaitnk. a sjgcnk tk|shg h| lao`knh| ijc`v lk chjgc eh| a
siann sj}kf vhhv` tasvk' A `hik `k|k v`k|k js eaijnz he 0 ikilk|s njujgc ijc`v o`hhsk
a m{ilh sj}kf Ohncavk' A gknz ia||jkf oh{tnk iaz ch eh| a ikfj{i sj}kf vhhv` tasvk'
\aok % Kv`gjojvz eaovh| fhks ghv attnz hg v`k t|hf{ov'

JU'? OHG_[IK\ FKOJ_JHG IABJGC

V`k ohgs{ik| fkojsjhg iabjgc T|hokss

T|h okss jg oask he v`k t|hf{ov js=

h  G kkf
kkf |kohcgjvjhg
h  J fkgvjejoavjhg
fkgvjejoavjhg he anvk|gavjuks
h  Kuan{avjhg he anvk|gavjuks
h  Fkojsjhgs
h  T hsv
hsv t{|o`ask lk`aujh| 
 V`k o{svhik| ekkns njbk l{zjgc a vhhv` tasvk' @k js ihukf lz a fksj|k' @k |kohcgj}ks v`k
gkkf eh| jv' @k nhhbs eh| hv`k| anvk|gavjuks eh| kpaitnk. a tk|shg ijc`v v`jgb v`av {sjgc
vhhv` tasvk thfk| js lkvvk| v`ag v`k vhhv` tasvk' @k bkkts shik hv`k| htvjhgs lkeh|k
`jiskne njbk _TA\BNK. ONH_K[T. IAONKAG_ agf shik nhoannz iafk vhhv` tasvk'
@k ohita|ks v`k t|jok % q{anjvz
q{a njvz he v`k t|hf{ovs' @k v|jks vh ejgf h{v `jo` hgk js v`k lksv
o`hjok' HB. Ohncavk js chhf' Jvµs aeeh|falnk agf q{anjvavjuk' Jµnn l{z v`js' Aevk| l{zjgc v`k
  t|hf{ov. v`k ohgs{ik| v`jgbs v`av `js fkojsjhg as |jc`v' V`js js `js thsv t{|o`ask
 lk`aujh|' Je `k `as {skf v`k t|hf{ov iagz vjiks agf js savjsejkf jv` jv. `k jnn gkcnkov
agz anvk|gavjuks agf sjitnz ch eh| Ohncavk' V`js s`hs `js nkukn he jguhnukikgv jv` v`k
 t|hf{ov'

JU'? '1 OHNCAVK TAV\HGACK L[ZJGC IHVJUK_

V`k tav|hgack l{zjgc ihvjuks jg oask he Ohncavk a|k=

h  Nhoavjhg he v`k s`ht

h _ vh|k
vh|k attka|agok
h _ k|ujok
k|ujok he svaee av v`k _ vh|k
vh|k
h  T |joks
|joks
h _ anks
anks tkhtnk
h V `kj|
`kj| lk`aujh| 

Eh| kpaitnk. LK_V T\JOK jg Jsnaialaf js heek|jgc chhf t|joks agf sk|ujoks' Jvs nhoavjhg
js chhf' V`k|k js o|hf he o{svhik|s ann he v`k vjik' As ohita|kf vh v`js. `hnk sank
s`hts av Ba|ao`j Ohitagz heek| uk|z |kashgalnk t|joks. l{v v`k sk|ujok js snh agf jg
keejojkgv' A o{svhik| `as vh ajv eh| alh{v 14 ijg{vks vh ckv `js ljnn' V`js av vjiks
j||jvavks v`k o{svhik|' _ANK_FAZ js heek|jgc chhf sk|ujok l{v uk|z `jc` t|joks' Ohncavk
ohsvjgc \s' 64 h{nf ohsv \s' 54 v`k|k' V`k tav|hgack ihvjuk lk`aujh| js |kenkovkf jg v`js
az'

JU'6 JGEH\IAVJHG AGF T[\O@A_K FKOJ_JHG_

Sknn. v`k jgeh|iavjhg agf t{|o`ask fkojsjhgs a|k {s{annz v`k ohiik|ojan hgk' Uk|z njvvnk
shojan jgeh|iavjhg js ohgsjfk|kf jg oask he Ohncavk' V`k ohiik|ojans. |kvajnk|s agf
afuk|vjskikgvs vkgf vh jgen{kgok a nhv'

JU'; _HOJAN JGEN[KGOK_

_hojan jgen{kgoks iavvk| vh a |kashgalnk kpvkgv jg v`k oask he v`k t|hf{ov' O{nv{|k iavvk|s
jg v`k skgsk v`av k `auk ag Jsnaij}kf shojkvz' Sk a|k h|fk|kf vh bkkt h{| sknuks onkag
agf vjfz' _tkojan oa|k `as vh lk vabkg jg v`k vjfjgkss he onhv`ks agf vkkv`' Aooh|fjgc vh
eaih{s sazjgc¶ Onkagnjgkss js `ane eajv`¶'

JU'5 _HOJAN ONA__

 Sknn jg oask he v`k t|hf{ov. ann v`k 6 c|h{ts he onassks {sk v`k t|hf{ov' Hgnz v`k nhk|)
nhk| onass. `k|k v`k|k js nh eaijnz jgohik agf a sjgcnk tk|shg js ka|gjgc agf
s{tth|vjgc a ljc eaijnz. v`k t|hf{ov js ghv {skf' Ohncavk js lkjgc heek|kf jg iagz
 taobacks'

JU'3 \KEK\KGOK C\H[T_

@hkuk|. v`k |kek|kgok c|h{ts v`av ohik eh| v`k t|hf{ov ijc`v jgon{fk v`k oknkl|jvjks hg
VU h| agz hv`k| ejni sva|' \kek|kgok c|h{t js a c|h{t he tkhtnk `h jgen{kgoks a
 tk|shgµs avvjv{fk. uan{ks agf lk`aujh|' Eh| kpaitnk v`k|k as ag AF he Ohncavk `k|k
v`kz s`hkf a tht{na| IVU ukk)maz as a so`hhn vkao`k|' _`k as vkao`jgc v`k sv{fkgvs 
jg v`k afuk|vjskikgv* agf vknnjgc v`ki `h vh |kohcgj}k ohnh|s' _`k asbkf v`ki `av v`k
ohnh| he `k| vkkv` as' V`k siann bjfs |ktnjkf¶ zknnh¶' _`k as kila||asskf' _`k sva|vkf
{sjgc Ohncavk agf asbkf e|hi `k| sv{fkgvs v`k saik q{ksvjhg acajg' V`js vjik. v`kj| 
agsk| as ¿S`jvk¶' V`js js `h afuk|vjskikgvs agf ikfja tkhtnk jgen{kgok h{| 
 tk|shganjvjks'

JU'0 EAIJNJK_ AGF @H[_K@HNF_

A eaijnz js a tnaok `k|k fjeek|kgv tkhtnk njuk vhckv`k| jv` a lnhhf c|h{t |knavjhgs`jt'
A `h{sk`hnf js a tnaok `k|k < h| ih|k tkhtnk njuk vhckv`k|. l{v fh ghv `auk a lnhhf
|knavjhgs`jt' Eh| kpaitnk. oait{s he ZSOA js a `h{sk `hnf' Fkejgjvknz. v`k t|hf{ov js
{skf lz lhv` v`k oavkch|jks' A eaijnz l{zs v`k t|hf{ov agf a vh sv{fkgvs njujgc jg v`k
saik `hsvkn |hhi ijc`v lk {sjgc jv'

JU'14 T_ZO@HNHCJOAN EAOVH\_

Eh| a ia|bkvk|. Ejuk nkukns he Iasnh a|k vhh ckgk|an' V`k|k a|k ok|vajg t|hf{ovs vh
`jo` v`ksk sv|avkcjks fh ghv attnz' Eh| kpaitnk. l{zjgc a `h{sk h{nf ohik {gfk| v`k
ej|sv gkkf. as jv js asshojavkf jv` tszo`hnhcjoan nkukn' L{v `kg a tk|shg agvs vh iabk a
ea|i `h{sk. kpvkgfjgc hg ag a|ka he 14 oagans. jv ohiks {gfk| v`k ksvkki svack' A
 t|hf{ov njbk Ohncavk oag ghv lk tnaokf jgvh agz he v`k nkukns he `jk|a|o`z' @hkuk|. jv oag
`knt v`k ia|bkvk| ckv a tjov{|k he v`k ohgs{ik|µs ijgf' L{v v`ksk ejuk nkukns a|k vhh
ckgk|an agf ujujf eh| a ok|vajg t|hf{ov'

JU'14'1 TK\OKTVJHG

LAF L\KAV@!!!!!! V@AV TK\_HG @A_ A LAF L\KAV@ T\HLNKI' V`js js `av
k tk|okjuk' \kska|o` hg kuk|z faz hfh|s `as eh{gf v`av sokgvs njbk uagjnna' Okfa| agf
naukgfk| o|kavk ohieh|vjgc asshojavjhgs agf tszo`hnhcjsvs `auk eh{gf v`av chhf siknns
`auk a gjok keekov hg ohgs{ik|s' @kgok Ohncavk js heek|jgc gk ua|jkvjks njbk OHNCAVK
e|ks` l|kav`. OHNCAVK nkihg % ijgv. Ohncavk vjgcnz \kf. Ohncavk vjgcnz Ln{k' agf
iagz ih|k'

JU'14'< TK\_HGANJVZ
 Jv js fkejgkf as ag jgfjujf{anµs tavvk|gs he v|ajvs v`av jgen{kgok lk`aujh|an |ksthgsks' Eh| 
kpaitnk. k stkab he tkhtnk as a||hcagv. ohgejfkgv. enkpjlnk agf fhijgavjgc' Jv js
 lknjkukf v`av tk|shganjvz v|ajvs fh jgen{kgok ohgs{ik|µs tk|oktvjhgs agf l{zjgc lk`aujh|'
V`k ejgfjgcs h{v he iagz sv{fjks a|k v`hsk ohgs{ik|s a|k jgen{kgokf lz v`k tk|shganjvz'
Eh| kpaitnk. a tk|shg js`jgc vh l{z a _{}{bj ijc`v lk `aujgc a fjeek|kgv tk|shganjvz' A
  tk|shg js`jgc vh l{z a LIS ijc`v lk `aujgc a fjeek|kgv tk|shganjvz' A tk|shg `h
agvs vh l{z OHNCAVK |kf iaz `auk njbknjgkss eh| a |kf ohnh|kf vhhv` tasvk' A tk|shg
`h agvs vh l{z Nkihg)ijgv Ohncavk ijc`v lk `aujgc njbknjgkss eh| ijgv' H{| 
 tk|shganjvjks a|k |kenkovkf jg v`k az k njuk. v`k az k kav. v`k onhv`ks k ka|. v`k
oa|s k f|juk agf iagz ih|k v`jgcs njbk v`ksk' Iagz v`jgcs lksjfks tk|shg kgvk| jgvh v`k
ohgs{ik| l{zjgc fkojsjhg t|hokss'

JU'14'? AVVJV[FK

V`k az k |kaov vha|fs v`jgcs' H{| att|hao`. h{| v`h{c`vs agf h{| ijgf skv ann ohik
{gfk| v`js' A ohgs{ik| avvjv{fk fh ghv anazs s`h t{|o`ask lk`aujh|' A tk|shg iaz lk
`aujgc a c|kav njbknjgkss eh| v`k t|hf{ov agf svjnn ghv l{zjgc jv' V`k|k ok|vajg |kashgs eh| 
jv' @k ijc`v ghv lk js`jgc vh l{z jv hg v`k saik vjik' @k ijc`v ghv lk jsjgc vh l{z jv
v`k saik faz' @k@k ijc`v lk `aujgc a svhob he v`k t|hf{ov av `hik' @k ijc`v ghv lk
`aujgc agz ihgkz vh l{z v`k t|hf{ov' T{|o`ask lk`aujh| av vjiks ohgv|afjovs avvjv{fks' Jv
ijc`v ghv lk a ikv|jo eh| a ia|bkvk|'

JU'11 _JV[AVJHGAN JGEN[KGG_K_

V`ksk eaovh|s jgon{fk v`jgcs njbk=

h S `kg
`kg ohgs{ik|s l{z (vjik*
h S `k|k
`k|k ohgs{ik|s l{z (tnaok*
h S `z
`z ohgs{ik|s l{z (  \kashg*
h Ohgfjvjhgs {gfk| `jo` tkhtnk l{z

Hlujh{snz. `kg tkhtnk a|k jg a `{||z. v`kz fh ghv njbk vh s`ht' Tkhtnk njbk vh l{z v`k
Ohncavk vhhv` tasvk `kg v`kz gkkf jv' S`kg v`kz v`jgb v`av v`k hgk v`kz a|k {sjgc gh js
ghv savjsezjgc v`kj| gkkfs t|htk|nz'
t|h tk|nz'
V`ksk jgon{fk v`k l{zjgc ihvjuks he v`k o{svhik|' A eaijnz ijc`v lk ohgs{ijgc a 144
 taob vhhv` tasvk jg a ihgv`' V`k hv`k| eaijnz ijc`v lk ohgs{ijgc
oh gs{ijgc jv jg v`|kk ihgv`s' V`k
vjik fjikgsjhg iagz jitnjoavjhgs hg t{|o`ask lk`aujh|' Ikssacks h| Afs i{sv |kao`
ohgs{ik|s `kg v`kz a|k jg a svavk he fkojsjhg iabjgc t|hokss'
V`k ohgs{ik|µs ihhf jg l{zjgc v`k t|hf{ov ansh iavvk|s' S`kg a ohgs{ik| js jnn h| ghv
jg a chhf svavk he ijgf. `k ijc`v ghv stkgf i{o` vjik jg asbjgc q{ksvjhgs alh{v v`k
 t|hf{ov h| ajvjgc jg a njgk'
U O@ATVK\ ; L[_JGK__ IA\BKV_ % L[ZJGC LK@AUJH\ 

A l{sjgkss ia|bkv js `k|k zh{ fh ghv l{z v`k t|hf{ovs eh| zh{|skne h| `h{sk`hnf
ohgs{itvjhg' Zh{ l{z a t|hf{ov eh| v`k |ksknnjgc h| shik hv`k| t{|thsk' V`av js v`k
ohgvkpv he l{sjgkss ia|bkvjgc' V`k s{ttnjk| ohitagjks Ohncavk js fkanjgc vhfaz jgon{fk
 lhvvnk iag{eaov{|jgc ohitagjks. lacs iabjgc ohitagjks agf tnasvjo iabjgc ohitagjks'
A l{sjgkss ia|bkv js a i{o` ljcck| tnaok v`ag a ohgs{ik| ia|bkv' Zh{ iaz lk l{zjgc a
ok|vajg t|hf{ov e|hi a ohitagz. {sk v`k t|hf{ov t{|o`askf e|hi v`av ohitagz vh iabk
zh{| t|hf{ov agf v`kg |ksknn jvjv jg a i{o` lkvvk| s`atk' As ea| as l{sjgkss
l{sjgkss ia|bkvjgc js
ohgok|gkf. hgk he v`k vht nkukn kpko{vjuks he Ohncavk sazs.
 ¿Ohncavk js oatjvanj}jgc hg sv|hgc vht)njgk ihikgv{i as k kgvk| <44;' V`js uk|z
 thsjvjuk v|kgf ohiljgkf jv` h{| gk cnhlan |ksv|{ov{|jgc t|hc|ai lhfks knn eh| sv|hgc
 t|hejvalnk c|hv` chjgc eh|a|f' Sk |kiajg eho{skf hg h{| `jc`)ia|cjg oh|k l{sjgkssks
agf lknjkuk k a|k vabjgc v`k |jc`v ikas{|ks vh jguksv sv|avkcjoannz
sv|avkcjoannz eh| t|hejvalnk c|hv`',

Aghv`k| vht iagack| sazs.

¿Sk a|k oa|ke{nnz va|ckvjgc jgo|kaskf ohiik|ojan jguksvikgv vh s{tth|v h{| t|jh|jvz
  l{sjgkssks jg bkz `jc`)thvkgvjan ia|bkvs a|h{gf v`k h|nf' H{| svkttkf){t afuk|vjsjgc
stkgfjgc js an|kafz tazjgc hee jg `jc`k| ia|bkv s`a|ks agf gk oavkch|z nkafk|s`jt
 thsjvjhgs a|h{gf v`k h|nf' Sjv` h{| s`a|t eho{s hg gk t|hf{ovs. k |kiajg fkfjoavkf
vh aooknk|avjgc jgghuavjhg agf e{|v`k|jgc h{| nkafk|s`jt thsjvjhgs h|nfjfk'¶
V`js js `h Ohncavk tkhtnk iagack vh kgvk| a l{sjgkss ia|bkv agf fh a l{sjgkss v`k|k'
V`k l|agfs Ohncavk js fkanjgc jv` jg v`k l{sjgkss agf jgvk|gavjhgan ia|bkvs jgon{fk=

U'1 H\AN L\AGF_

V`kj| h|an l|agfs jgon{fk=

U'1'1 H\AN T\HF[OV_

V`ksk jgon{fk=

 Ohncavk vhvan 
 Ohncavk Iap  E |ks`
|ks`
 Ohncavk n{ijgh{s
 _ jitnz
jitnz S `jvk
`jvk
  ta|bnjgc
_  `jvk
 V jgcnz
jgcnz  \kf 
 Ohncavk skgsjvjuk

U'1'< TK\_HGAN OA\K T\HF[OV_

V`ksk jgon{fk=

  T k|
k| stj|agvs agf fkhfh|agvs
  Lhfz ckns
 lhfz lav`s
 _ `hk|
`hk| O|kais
 _ `hk|
`hk| ckns
 _ hats
hats
  Aevk| lav` ckns
U'1'? @H[_K @HNF OA\K T\HF[OV_

V`ksk jgon{fk=

  E nhh|
nhh| onkagk|s
 jgfh onkagk|s
 fjs` as`k|s
 hhf onkagk| 

Hlujh{snz v`k ac|jo{nv{|k ia|bkv `as njvvnk vh fh jv` v`k Ohncavk' V`k Chuk|gikgv
ia|bkv `as njvvnk vh fh jv` v`k Ohncavk Ohitagz' Ansh v`k ohitagz `as ghv`jgc vh fh
jv` a ghg t|hejv h|cagj}avjhg'

U'< FKIGAF_= EN[OV[AVJGC AGF KNA_VJOJVZ

As ea| as v`k fkiagfs he v`k t|hf{ovs a|k ohgsjfk|kf. jv js knasvjo jg oask he shik he v`k
 t|hf{ovs agf jg knasvjo jg oask he shik he v`k t|hf{ovs' V`k l{zjgc lk`aujh| js aeekovkf
 lz v`k knasvjojvz he v`k fkiagf' As v`k en{ov{avjhgs jg fkiagf he v`k Ohncavk t|hf{ovs a|k
ohgok|gkf. jv ijc`v |jsk eh| shik t|hf{ovs agf ijc`v eann eh| shik t|hf{ovs' Eh| 
kpaitnk. a v|kgf kik|cks v`av jgsvkaf he {sjgc a Ohncavk Tanihnjuk _hat. a `agf as`
jnn lk {skf' V`js |kf{oks v`k fkiagf eh| shats agf jgo|kasks v`k fkiagf eh| v`k `agf
as`'

U'? L[ZJGC FKOJ_JHG T\HOK__

V`k l{sjgkss l{zjgc Fkojsjhg t|hokss js anihsv v`k saik as v`k ohgs{ik| l{zjgc
fkojsjhg iabjgc t|hokss' V`k hgnz fjeek|kgok ohiks jg v`k ua|jkvz he v`k t|hf{ovs agf
  l|agfs' Eh| kpaitnk. jgsvkaf he kuan{avjgc v`k anvk|gavjuks eh| hgk t|hf{ov. fjeek|kgv
gkkfs a|k jfkgvjejkf agf fjeek|kgv anvk|gavjuks a|k jfkgvjejkf' V`kg v`hsk fjeek|kgv
anvk|gavjuks a|k kuan{avkf agf a ejgan fkojsjhg iabjgc js ehnnhkf' V`k t|hf{ovs Ohncavk
js iag{eaov{|jgc js ih|k v`ag 144. sh eh| kao` agf kuk|z hgk he v`k t|hf{ovs. v`js t|hokss
oag ghv lk |jvvkg'
| jvvkg'

U'?'1 VZTK_ HE L[ZJGC _JV[AVJHG_

Je v`k tk|shg js l{zjgc jv eh| v`k ej|sv vjik. `jo` h{nf lk a gk vasb l{z' Je v`k tk|shg
h| ej|i js savjsejkf jv` v`k t|hf{ov. v`kg v`k|k js sv|ajc`v |k)l{z jguhnukf' Je v`k ej|i js
savjsejkf jv` v`k t|hf{ov. agf agvs vh ohgsjfk| shik anvk|gavjuks as knn. v`kg `k chks
eh| ihfjejkf |kl{|zjgc' Ann v`ksk v`|kk l{zjgc sjv{avjhgs attnz vh Ohncavk t|hf{ovs' Jv
ijc`v ua|z e|hi tk|shg vh tk|shg vh ch eh| `jo` l{zjgc vztk'

U'?'< O\I NKUKN_ AV OHNCAVK

Ohncavk tkhtnk lknjkuk jg bkktjgc jvs o{svhik|s savjsejkf agf fkuknht a vhgc vk|i
jguhnukikgv jv` v`kj| t|hf{ovs' V`k Ohncavk chks eh| htk|avjhgan O\I `kg jv vknns jvs
o{svhik|s ghv vh `ksjvavk vh cjuk a oann hg vhnn)e|kk g{ilk|' V`kz
V `kz iajgvajg a njsv he o{||kgv
fava. `jsvh|joan |kth|vs agf shik agg{an |kth|vs vh jitnkikgv aganzvjoan nkukn he O\I'
V`kz `auk iajgvajgkf a njsv he agg{an |kth|vs <441. <44? agf <44;' V`kz {sk v`k fava
e|hi v`ksk |kth|vs agf iagack vh iajgvajg ag aganzvjoan O\I' V`kz t|hujfk v`kj| 
o{svhik|s l|ho`{|ks agf oavanhcs alh{v v`kj| fjeek|kgv t|hf{ovs jg h|fk| vh kgs{|k
ohnnalh|avjuk O\I' Fjeek|kgv tait`nkvs a|k cjukg vh v`kj| o{svhik|s'

U'6 V@K K)OHIIK\OK JITAOV HG OHNCAVK

Sknn. v`k k)ohiik|ok `as tnazkf a iamh| |hnk jg v`k fkuknhtikgv he iagz t|hf{ovs huk| 
v`k jgvk|gkv f{|jgc v`k tasv ek zka|s' Hg njgk s`httjgc js iafk thssjlnk' Fjeek|kgv ej|is
asb zh{ vh skk v`kj| t|hf{ov agf tnaok ag h|fk| uja v`kj| o|kfjv oa|f' Ohncavk asbs jvs
o{svhik|s vh fh sh' Jv ej|sv asbs jvs o{svhik|s vh `auk a nhhb av a ta|vjo{na| t|hf{ov. |avk jv
agf tnaok ag h|fk| eh| jv je v`kz ekkn tnkaskf jv` jv. agf v`kz v`jgb v`av jv oag savjsez v`kj| 
gkkfs att|ht|javknz
att|h t|javknz''

UJ O@ATVK\ 5 IA\BKV _KCIKGVAVJHG. VA\CKVJGC. AGF

TH_JVJHGJGC

UJ'1 IA\BKV _KCIKGVAVJHG AV OHNCAVK OH'

V`k ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg jguhnuks fjujfjgc a ljcck| ia|bkv jgvh a siannk| hgk agf
sjijna| hgk' V`js t|hokss js uanjf eh| uk|z ljc va|ckv ia|bkvs agf fhjgc v`k ia|bkvjgc
v`k|k' V`k Ohncavk tkhtnk a|k jitnagvjgc v`js ohgoktv jg ihsv he v`kj| t|hf{ovs' Ia|bkv
skcikgvavjhg js a vztjoan ia|bkv h|jkgvkf att|hao`' Jv js vztjoannz laskf hg a o{svhik| 
 savjseaovjhg att|hao`' Jv js fhgk `k|k f jeek|kgv agvs he v`k saik c|h{t heh e o{svhik|s a|k
savjsejkf jg a fjuk|sk az' Eh| kpaitnk. Ohncavk js iabjgc _hev _hat 144 cis eh| a
  tk|shg. `h njuks jg siann eaijnz `hik. 1<; cis eh| a na|ck eaijnz. agf 04 cis eh| a
sjgcnk tk|shg' Tanihnjuk gav{|an js kstkojannz eh| bjfs' Jg ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg. v`k gkkfs
he ann v`k o{svhik|s jg
jg fjeek|kgv va|ckv ia|bkv agf jv` v`k sjijna|
sjijna| gkkfs a|k savjsejkf' Jg
v`k ohgvkpv he l{sjgkss agf jgvk|gavjhgan ia|bkvjgc. ia|bkvs a|k anazs skcikgvkf'
Fjeek|kgv ack c|h{ts agf fjeek|kgv sj}ks he skcikgvkf ia|bkvs a|k anazs v`k|k' Jv
fktkgfs hg v`k jgvknnjckgok he v`k ia|bkvk| vh fkojfk `h vh skcikgv v`k ia|bkv' V`k|k
a|k fjeek|kgv vztks he _hats jv` ¿hjn ohgv|hn¶. ¿c|kasz sbjg¶ ¿anhk Uk|a¶ v|kavikgv'
V`k|k js a ua|jkvz he s`aithhs v`av Ohncavk js iag{eaov{|jgc' V`ksk jgon{fk ¶enav `aj|¶.
¿kpv|a s`jgk¶. ¿f|z `aj|¶. ¿faiackf `aj|¶. ¶ohnh| v|kavkf `aj|¶. ¿s`aithh tn{s
ohgfjvjhgk|¶. ¿kpv|a s`jgz v|kavikgv¶ agf iagz ih|k njbk v`ksk' Sk skk ua|jkvz jg lhfz
as` agf s`hk| ckn t|hf{ovs as knn' _hik tkhtnk njbk naukgfk|. shik tkhtnk `auk a
vasvk eh| e|{jv sokgvkf s`hk| ckns' _hik tkhtnk ch eh| njc`v siknns. `k|kas shik `auk a
vasvk eh| `kauz siknns'
siknns' _hik `auk a eauh| eh| enh|an
enh|an sokgvkf s`hk| ckns' Ann v`js ohiks
{gfk| ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg' V`k ua|jkvz jg v`k t|hf{ovs he Ohncavk s`hs {s v`av v`kz a|k
jitnkikgvjgc a skcikgvkf ia|bkvjgc ohgoktv'

UJ'< OHNCAVK OHG_[IK\ IA\BKV _KCIKGVAVJHG

V`k ohgs{ik| ia|bkvs oag lk skcikgvkf jg a gh' he azs' V`ksk jgon{fk=

UJ'<'1 CKHC\AT@JO _KCIKGVAVJHG

V`k ckhc|at`jo skcikgvavjhg js fhgk hg v`k lasjs he |kcjhg. tht{navjhg eaovh|. {|lag h| 
onjiavjo ohgfjvjhgs' Jv ikags skcikgvjgc v`k ia|bkvs hg v`ksk lasks' Eh|. kpaitnk. eh| 
uk|z `hv a|kas. Ohncavk `as jgon{fkf a s{g so|kkg jgc|kfjkgv jg jvs shats vh t|kukgv e|hi
s{g |azs' Hg ckhc|at`jo lasjs. v`k onjiavjo ohgfjvjhg tht{navjhg eaovh| agf |kcjhgan
fjsv|jl{vjhg iavvk| a nhv'

UJ'<'< FKIHC\AT@JO _KCIKGVAVJHG

V`ksk ohit|jsk ack. ckgfk|. eaijnz njek ozonk. jgohik. agf kf{oavjhg' Eh|. kpaitnk. v`k
gkkf he a 1? zka| hnf vkkg ack h{nf
h {nf lk fjeek|kgv e|hi v`av he a |kvj|kf a|iz heejok|'
A vkkg ack cj|n njbks vh {sk shat. `k|k as ag ka|gjgc nafz ijc`v v`jgb v`av s`k `as vh vabk
oa|k he `k| sbjg. s`k s`h{nf ejgannz
ejgannz ch eh| a fkkt onkagsjgc
onkagsjgc eaok as`' Jv js ckgk|annz
ass{ikf v`av a tk|shg lknh v`k ack he <; fhks ghv ch eh| a ¿`aj| ohnh| v|kavikgv¶
s`aithh' A tk|shg alhuk v`js ack `as attnjkf shik `aj| ohnh| agf h{nf ch eh| a ¿`aj| 
ohnh| |ksvh|jgc¶ s`aithh' Jgohik ijc`v iavvk| jg v`k saik az' As ckgfk| js
ohgsjfk|kf. lka{vz agf tk|shgan oa|k t|hf{ovs a|k {skf ih|k lz ekianks'

UJ'<'? T_ZO@HC\AT@JO _KCIKGVAVJHG

Jv ohit|jsks kpaijgk avv|jl{vks |knavjgc vh az `h a tk|shg v`jgbs agf `av a|k v`k
 tk|shganjvz o`a|aovk|jsvjos he a tk|shg h| o{svhik|' Tk|shganjvz ikags tk|shga. lk`aujh|.
v|ajvs agf q{anjvz' Ansh. h{| njek svznk iavvk| jg ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg' @h a tk|shg
 stkgfs `js vjik. `av a|k `js aovjujvjks. jgvk|ksvs agf htjgjhgs' V`k njek svznk aeekovs
c|kavnz t|hf{ovs a tk|shg l{zs agf v`k l|agfs `k t|kek|s' _hik he v`k Ohncavk t|hf{ovs
fktjov a njeksvznk
njeksvznk sv|avkcz' L{v v`js js a fjeejo{nv sv|avkcz
sv|avkcz vh lk {skf `jnk chjgc eh| 
ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg' A ia|bkvk| iaz ghv lk aa|k he v`k fjeek|kgv njek svznks he v`k
  tkhtnk jg va|ckv ia|bkvs' Tszo`hc|at`jo ia|bkvjgc skcikgvavjhg js fjeejo{nv vh
jitnkikgv'

UJ'<'6 LK@AUJH\AN _KCIKGVAVJHG

_KCIKGVAVJHG

Jv ohgsjsvs he vh v`jgcs' V`k lkgkejvs fksj|kf e|hi v`k t|hf{ov agf v`k |avk av `jo` v`k
o{svhik| js {sjgc v`k t|hf{ov' Sknn. lk`aujh|an skcikgvavjhg ohgoktv js attnjkf hg
Ohncavk' V`k lkgkejvs e|hi v`k vhhv` tasvk t|hf{ov a|k gh tnaq{k. e|ks` l|kav`. gh
oaujvjks. nh t|jok. chhf q{anjvz agf `jvk vkkv`' V`k {sack |avk oag ansh lk fkvk|ijgkf
e|hi v`k fava' Je v`k |koh|fs he a ok|vajg s`ht h| ckgk|an svh|ks a|k o`kobkf. je v`kz s`h
v`av ihsv he v`k vhhv` tasvks lh{c`v k|k Ohncavk' V`js vztk he aganzsjs iabks a ia|bkvk| 
bgh v`k {sack |avk he v`k t|hf{ov' @k js aa|k vh jitnkikgv lk`aujh|an ia|bkv
skcikgvavjhg'

UJ'? OHNCAVK L[_JGK__ IA\BKV _KCIKGVAVJHG

UJ'?'1 O[_VHIK\ NHOAVJHG

Ohncavk tkhtnk bgh jg `av ia|bkvs v`kz a|k fhjgc v`kj| l{sjgkss' Agf `h iagz
ia|bkvs v`kz a|k fkanjgc jg' V`kz bgh v`k nhoavjhg he v`kj| o{svhik| Jv js fhjgc jvs
  l{sjgkss jg iagz oh{gv|jks' Ohncavk `as jvs ia|bkvs jg anihsv ih|k v`ag <; oh{gv|jks
a|h{gf v`k cnhlk' V`ksk jgon{fk [_A. Jgfja. Lkncj{i. L|a}jn. A{sv|anja. Oagafa.
Fkgia|b. E|agok. Ejgnagf. Ck|iagz. C|kkok. Jgfja. J|knagf. Jvanz. Ikpjoh. Ianazsja.
  Gkv`k|nagfs. Gh|az.
Gh|az. Th|v{can. _tajg. _jv}k|nagf
_jv}k|nagf agf [B'
[B' A skcikgvkf
skcikgvkf ia|bkvjgc
ohgoktv js ansh attnjkf eh| v`ksk oh{gv|jks' _hik he v`ksk oh{gv|jks a|k t|k)jgf{sv|jan
oh{gv|jks' _hik he v`ksk a|k Thsv)jgf{sv|jan oh{gv|jks' _hik he v`ksk a|k nkss fkuknhtkf
oh{gv|jks agf shik he v`ksk a|k jgf{sv|janj}jgc oh{gv|jks' L{sjgkss ia|bkv skcikgvavjhg
js fhgk hg v`ksk lasks'

UJ'?'< O[_VHIK\ VZTK

L{sjgkss o{svhik| sj}k oag lk nhoavkf {sjgc eaovh|s njbk sanks uhn{ik. gh' he kitnhzkks.
gh' he t|hf{ovjhg eaojnjvjks. agf gh' he sanks heejok|s' V`k h|cagj}avjhgan sv|{ov{|k he a
ohitagz jg ia|bkv ansh iavvk|s' _hik he v`k ohitagjks fhjgc v`k l{sjgkss jv` Ohncavk
ijc`v lk {sjgc a okgv|anj}kf att|hao`' _hik he v`k ohitagjks ijc`v lk {sjgc a
fkokgv|anj}kf att|hao`' _hik he v`k ohitagjks ijc`v lk {sjgc a `zl|jf ihfkn' _knnjgc
sbjnns ansh fjeek| f{k vh v`ksk'

UJ'?'? V\AG_AOVJHG OHGFJVJHG_

V`k v|agsaovjhg ohgfjvjhgs jgon{fk v`k l{zjgc sjv{avjhgs. {sack |avk agf h|fk| sj}k' V`js
ohgoktv fhks ghv attnz vh Ohncavk' @hkuk|. v`k {sack |avk attnjks hg Ohncavk' Jv js
`kauz {sk| t|hf{ov'

UJ'6 OHNCAVK OH' TH_JVJHGJGC

V`k Ohncavk tkhtnk `auk v|jkf vh s{svajg v`kisknuks v`|h{c` vh{c` ohitkvjvjhg agf `a|f
h|b' Ikfja agf afuk|vjskikgvs a|k ansh |ksthgsjlnk eh| o|kavjgc ag jiack he v`k
ohitagz jg v`k kzks he jvs o{svhik|s agf ohitkvjvh|s'
Aooh|fjgc vh v`k h|fs he a vht nkukn tk|shg av Ohncavk.
¿Jv#s iz tnkas{|k vh knohik zh{ vh v`k h|nf he Ohncavk)Tanihnjuk' Ohncavk js a v|{nz
cnhlan ohitagz fhjgc l{sjgkss jg huk| <44 oh{gv|jks'¶
Aghv`k| tk|shg av Ohncavk sazs.

¿H{| nhgc `jsvh|z he sv|hgc tk|eh|iagok ohiks e|hi alshn{vk eho{s hg h{| oh|k cnhlan
 l{sjgkssks agf fkfjoavjhg vh h{| s{ooksse{n h|nfjfk ejgagojan sv|avkcz'¶

V`js js v`k az v`k Ohncavk tkhtnk `auk thsjvjhgkf v`kisknuks' V`k ohitagz `as chv
ok|vajg aa|fs eh| v`k lksv tk|eh|iagok v`|h{c`h{v
v`|h {c`h{v v`k h|nf'

V`k valnk cjukg lknh s`hs

s`h s a njsv he aa|fs=

Lksv Ohitagjks eh| Ijgh|jvjks ¼  E h|v{gk

h|v{gk Iaca}jgk <444)
<446
Cnhlan Ihsv Afij|kf Ohitagjks ¼  E h|v{gk
h|v{gk Iaca}jgk <44?)
<446
Aik|joa#s Ihsv Afij|kf Ohitagjks (Ohgs{ik| T|hf{ovs @h{sk`hnf % <44?)
Tk|shgan T|hf{ovs* ¼  E h|v{gk
h|v{gk Iaca}jgk <446
;4 Lksv Ohitagjks eh| Fjuk|sjvz ¼  Fjuk|sjvz
 Fjuk|sjvz J go'ohi
go'ohi <441.
<446
Lksv Sh|btnaoks eh| Ohii{vk|s ¼ Kguj|hgikgvan T|hvkovjhg Ackgoz <446
@jstagjo Oh|th|avk 144 ¼  @ jstagjo
jstagjo Iaca}jgk <441)
<44?
144 Lksv Ohitagjks eh| Sh|bjgc Ihv`k|s ¼ S h|bjgc
h|bjgc Ihv`k| Iaca}jgk <44<)
<44;
;4 Lksv Ohitagjks eh| Navjgas ¼  Navjga _ vznk
vznk Iaca}jgk <44<)
<44?
Vht <4 Ohitagjks eh| Nkafk|s ¼ O`jke Kpko{vjuk Iaca}jgk <44<)
<44?
144 Lksv Ohitagjks vh Sh|b Eh| ¼  E h|v{gk
h|v{gk Iaca}jgk <44?
¼  Afuk|vjsjgc Ackgojks Iaca}jgk
@jstagjo O|kavjuk Afuk|vjsjgc Aa|f ¼  Afuk|vjsjgc <44<
UJ'; OHNCAVK IA\BKV _@A\K

Ohncavk js oatjvanj}jgc hg sv|hgc vht)njgk ihikgv{i as v`kz kgvk| <44;' V`js uk|z
 thsjvjuk v|kgf ohiljgkf jv` a gk cnhlan |ksv|{ov{|jgc t|hc|ai lhfks knn eh| sv|hgc
  t|hejvalnk c|hv` chjgc eh|a|f' Ohncavk Tkhtnk |kiajg eho{skf hg v`kj| `jc`)ia|cjg
oh|k l{sjgkssks agf lknjkuk v`kz a|k vabjgc v`k |jc`v ikas{|ks vh jguksv sv|avkcjoannz eh| 
  t|hejvalnk c|hv`' Ohncavk ao`jkukf sv|hgc sanks agf {gjv uhn{ik c|hv` jg <446'
Ohncavkµs sanks agf uhn{ik fjf c|h uk|z sv|hgcnz jg <446' Cnhlan sanks jgo|kaskf 3'4+
agf cnhlan {gjv uhn{ik e|hi ohgvjg{jgc l{sjgkssks c|k 5';+. v`k sv|hgcksv {gjv uhn{ik
c|hv` jg sjp zka|s'

UJ'5 OHNCAVK EH\KOA_VJGC EH\ ZKA\ <445

V`kz ej|inz lknjkuk v`av v`k e{gfaikgvans he v`kj| l{sjgkss a|k uk|z sv|hgc agf v`kj| 
  l{sjgkss sv|avkcz js sh{gf' V`k vht)njgk c|hv` ihikgv{i skkg jg <446 js ohgvjg{jgc
agf ia|bkv s`a|ks a|k c|hjgc sv|hgck| agf sv|hgck| a|h{gf v`k h|nf' V`kz V`kz |kiajg
kpv|kiknz eho{skf hg gk t|hf{ov jgghuavjhg jg v`k oh|k oavkch|jks agf a|k t|kta|kf vh
ohgvjg{k vh stkgf acc|kssjuknz vh s{tth|v v`kj| cnhlan l|agfs' Sjv` v`k kptkovkf saujgcs
e|hi v`k <446 \ksv|{ov{|jgc T|hc|ai agf hgchjgc ¿E{gfjgc v`k C|hv`¶ t|hc|ais. v`kz
a|k htvjijsvjo v`av v`kz jnn |kao` v`kj| t|hejv kptkovavjhgs jg <44;. agf v`kz lknjkuk v`kz
a|k laob hg v|aob vh |kv{|g vh fh{lnk)fjcjv ka|gjgcs tk| s`a|k c|hv` jg <445'

OHGON[_JHG_

Jg v`k kgf. J ohgon{fk v`av Ohncavk Oh' js a vztjoan ia|bkv h|jkgvkf ohitagz. htk|avjgc jg
ih|k v`ag <44 oh{gv|jks' V`kz ekkn t|jfk jg iabjgc v`kj| o{svhik|s `attz' V`kz a|k
attnzjgc v`k shojkvan az he ia|bkvjgc' V`kz a|k aa|k he v`kj| shojan agf kv`joan
|ksthgsjljnjvjks' V`kz a|k t|hujfjgc iagz gk kitnhzkk h|jkgvkf t|hc|ais. lhv` eh| 
skgjh| nkukn agf kgv|z nkukn tkhtnk' V`kz a|k iagacjgc v`k ohgs{ik| agf l{sjgkss
ia|bkvs jg ag keekovjuk iaggk|' V`kz kgoh{|ack jgghuavjhgs agf `auk jgv|hf{okf gk
  t|hf{ovs `jo` `auk tnazkf a ujvan |hnk jg ckvvjgc a ia|bkv s`a|k eh| v`ki' V`kz eaok
v`kj| ohitkvjvh|s agf ekkn t|h{f vh vabk jv a o`annkgck' V`kz a|k knn aa|k he v`k
 tszo`hnhcz he v`k tkhtnk jg fjeek|kgv ia|bkvs' V`kz bgh `h vh ohgf{ov v`kj| l{sjgkss
jg jgvk|gavjhgan ohii{gjvjks' V`k az v`kz ohgsjfk| fjeek|kgv eaovh|s njbk fkihc|at`jos.
o{svhik| nhoavjhg. ckhc|at`joan fjsv|jl{vjhgs agf iagz hv`k|s' V`kz iajgvajg nkukns he 
O\I av v`k ohitagz vh kgs{|k chhf o{svhik| s{tth|v' V`k az v`kz t|hukf v`kisknuks
jg ohgs{ik|. l{sjgkss agf jgvk|gavjhgan ia|bkvs' V`kz svjnn `auk a `jc` aji vh avvajg ih|k
agf ih|k'
ATTKGFJP A C\H__ T\HEJV IA\CJG AV OHNCAVK
ATTKGFJP L GKV JGOHIK AV OHNCAVK
ATTKGFJP O OA_@ FJUKFKGF AV OHNCAVK