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STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

PART A
Directions: Questions 1-10 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

1. The three basic chords in _________ the 6. The Sun's gravity severely distorted the
tonic, the dominant, and the subdominant. path of the comet _________ entered its
a. functional harmony wildly erratic orbit around Jupiter.
b. functional harmony is a. It
c. functional harmony are b. When
d. functional harmony they are c. after the comet came into it
d. once the comet
2. _____________ Hale Telescope, at the
Palomar Observatory in southern 7. Each object ___________ Jupiter's
California, scientists can photograph magnetic field is deluged with electrical
objects several billion light years away. charges.
a. The a. Enters
b. With the b. it enters
c. They use the c. Entering
d. It is the d. Enter

3. Without the proper card installed inside the 8. As its name suggests, the Prairie Wetlands
computer, ____________ impossible to run Resource Center ___________ the
a graphics program. protection of wetlands on the prairies of the
a. is definitely Dakotas, Montana, Minnesota, and
b. because of Nebraska.
c. it is a. it focuses
d. Is b. focuses on
c. Focusing
4. The charter for the Louisiana lottery was d. to focus on
coming up for renewal, ____________
spared no expense in the fight to win 9. One of the largest and most powerful birds
renewal. of prey in the world, __________ a six-foot
a. the lottery committee wingspan and legs and talons roughly the
b. so the lottery committee and size of a man's arms and legs.
c. so the lottery committee a. so the harpy has
d. the lottery committee made b. the harpy having
c. with the harpy having
5. While in reality Alpha Centauri is a triple d. the harpy has
star, ____________ to the naked eye to be
a single star. 10. _________ creation of such a community was
a. it appears a desirable step, the requisite political upheaval
b. but it appears had to be accepted.
c. Appears a. Since the
d. despite it b. The
c. Later, the
d. It was the

PART B
DIRECTIONS: In questions 11-20 every sentence has four words or phrases that are underlined. The four
underlined portions of each sentence are marked (a), (b), (c), and (d). Identify the one word or phrase
that should be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the
number of the question and give a cross (X) to the letter you choose.
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1. The news of the president’s treaty negotiations with the foreign government were received with
A B
mixed emotions by the citizens of both governments.
C D
2. After to take the medication, the patient became drowsy and more manageable.
A B C D
3. It is in many cases an advantages if an animal can remain perfectly still, and in a general way
A B
it may be said that an animal in danger in most likely to be detected when it moving.
C D
4. In the 1920s, Art Deco, known for plastic and chrome-plated objects, were very popular.
A B C D
5. After studying all the new materials, the student was able to rise his test score by twenty-five
A B C D
points.
6. Your dog is annoying me, your so irresponsible letting your dog ruin my flower bed, now what is
A B C
your explanation to that?
D
7. Because the torrential trains that had devastated the area, the governor sent the National Guard
A B C
to assist in the clean-up operation.
D
8. When Colombus seen the New World, he thought that he had reached the East Indies by way of
A B C D
a Western route.
9. Many birds will, in the normal course of their migration, flying more than three thousand miles
A B C
to reach their winter homes.
D
10. A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide
A B C D
variety of foods.

READING COMPREHENSION

DIRECTIONS: In this section you will read several passages. Each is followed by questions about it.
For question 21-40, you need to select the one best answer, (a), (b), (c), or (d), to each question. Then,
on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and blacken the space that corresponds to the
letter of the answer you have selected. Give a cross (X) to the letter you choose.

Questions 1-10

Only 26 percent of a total of 2,173 medium and large-scale enterprises in the city regularly
submit samples of their liquid waste for assessment, the Jakarta Environmental Management Agency
has said. The remaining 1,602 enterprises failed to deliver reports of the liquid waste they produced as
set out in gubernatorial decree No. 299/1996. The decree requires all enterprises producing liquid waste
to treat the waste before disposing of it into rivers. It also requires firms to send samples of the treated
waste to the agency every three months.
The companies on the list include hotels, apartments, office buildings, restaurants, hospitals,
and industrial plants. The above figures do not include registered small-scale enterprises such as
community markets, small workshops and small offices which amount up to at least, 15,845 concerns.
Worse still, out of 571 companies which have sent their samples to us, only 35 percent, or 199
companies, comply with the decree and send us the samples every three months. The rest submit the
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samples every four months, six months, or even only once a year. No wonder the quality of our river
water is getting worse.
High levels of pollution in the city’s 13 rivers are suspected of being behind the red tide
phenomenon, which killed thousands of fish in Jakarta Bay in May. The real issue here is whether the
agency has the political will because the administration has ignored the existing Law No. 23/1997 on
the environment. The law authorizes all environment management agencies to control the liquid waste
treatment of any enterprises.
The law gave the administration the power to censure transgressing companies and the city
could close companies down if they continue to ignore existing regulations. The law says companies
found to be polluting the environment with liquid waste are given six months to improve their
treatment facilities. If they fail to meet the deadline, the agency has the power to close the waste
treatment facility, the area of production causing the waste, or the entire production process.

1. The topic of the text above is… to….

a. the small numbers of enterprise that a. regulations
concern about waste b. companies
b. the ignorance of waste treatment c. enterprises
c. high level of pollution d. instruments
d. uncontrolled waste
7. The synonym of the word unscrupulous
2. The companies that are required to send is….
samples of the treated waste to the agency a. prosperous
are mentioned below, except…. b. bankrupt
a. hotels c. healthy
b. restaurant d. illegal
c. apartments
d. community markets 8. What is the main idea in the last
paragraph?
3. How often should companies send the a. The law gave the administration the
samples to the agency? power to censure transgressing
a. Every two months. companies.
b. Every three months. b. The area of production causing the
c. Every four months. waste, or the entire production process.
d. Every six months. c. companies found to be polluting the
environment with liquid waste are given
4. Does gubernatorial decree No. 299/1996 six months to improve their treatment
carry legal sanctions? facilities.
a. Yes, it is. d. The agency has the power to close the
b. No, it isn't. waste treatment facility.
c. Yes, it does.
d. No it doesn't. 9. How many presents are the companies
comply with the decree and send us the
5. The statements below are true based on the samples every three months?
text, except... a. 26 presents
a. 73 percent of the companies on the list b. 35 presents
did not submit the liquid waste for c. 61 presents
assessment. d. 9 presents
b. Gubernatorial decree No. 299/1996
doesn't have any legal sanction. 10. How many companies have sent their
c. Community markets should submit the samples are complying with the decree?
sample of the waste as well. a. 2173
d. The quality of river water gets worse b. 1602
because the waste control is still weak. c. 199
d. 13
6. The word they in the last paragraph refer
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Questions 11-20

Hot boning is an energy-saving technique for the meat process industry. It has received
significant attention in recent years when increased pressure for energy conservation has accentuated
the need for more efficient methods of processing the bovine carcass. Cooling an entire carcass requires
a considerable amount of refrigerated spaces, since bone and trimmable fat are cooled along with the
muscle. It is also necessary to space the carcasses adequately in the refrigerated room for better air
movement and prevention of microbial contamination, thus adding to the volume requirements for
carcass chillers.
Conventional handling of meat involves holding the beef sides in the cooler for 24 to 36 hours
before boning. Chilling in the traditional fashion is also associated with a loss of carcass weight
ranging from 2 percent to 4 percent due to evaporation of moisture from the meat tissue.
Early excision, or hot boning, of muscle prerigor followed by vacuum packaging has several
potential advantages. By removing only the edible muscle and fat prerigor, refrigeration space and
costs are minimized, boning labor is decreased, and storage yields increased. Because hot boning often
results in the toughening of meat, a more recent approach, hot boning following electrical simulation,
has been used to reduce the necessary time of rigor mortis. Some researchers have found this method
beneficial in maintaining tender meat, while others have found that the meat also becomes tough after
electrical simulation.

11. The main subject of this passage is …. B. Energy conservation as the way to save
A. Meat process industry energy
B. Hot boning C. Research finding in maintaining tender
C. Energy conservation meat
D. Technique in meat process D. Energy-saving technique called hot
boning for the meat processing
12. Hot boning is becoming very popular industry
because ….
A. It causes meat to be very tender 17. The toughening of meat during hot boning
B. It helps conserve energy and is less has been combated by ….
expensive than conventional methods A. Following hot boning with electrical
C. Meat tastes better when the bone is stimulation
adequately seared along with the meat B. Tenderizing the meat
D. It reduces the weight of the carcass C. Using electrical stimulation before hot
boning
13. The word pressure is closest in meaning to D. Removing only the edible muscle and
…. fat prerigor
A. Urgency
B. Flavor 18. All of the following are mentioned as
C. Weight drawback at the conventional method of
D. Cooking texture boning, EXCEPT ….
A. Storage space requirements
14. In line 7, carcass chiller is nearest in B. Energy waste
meaning to …. C. Loss of carcass weight
A. A refrigerator for the animal body D. Toughness of meat
B. A method of boning meat
C. Electrical stimulation of beef 19. One reason it is recommended to remove
D. Early excision bones before refrigerating is that ….
A. It makes the meat more tender
15. In paragraph 3, early excision is closest in B. The bones are able to be used for other
meaning to …. purposes
A. Vacuum packaging C. It increases chilling time
B. Hot boning D. It saves cooling space by not
C. Carcass chilling refrigerating parts that will be
D. Electrical stimulation discarded

16. The main idea of this passage is …. 20. The word this in paragraph 3 refers to….
A. Meat processing to be tender A. Hot boning
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B. Hot boning following electrical D. Removing edible muscle and fat

stimulation prerigor
C. Rigor mortis

Questions 21-30

American jazz is a conglomeration of sounds borrowed from such varied sources as

American and African folk music, European classical music, and Christian gospel songs. One of
the recognizable characteristics of jazz is its use of improvisation: certain parts of the music are
written out and played the same way by various performers, and other improvised parts are
created spontaneously during a performance and vary widely from performer to performer.
The earliest form of jazz was ragtime, lively songs or r a g s performed on the piano, and the
best-known of the ragtime performers and composers was Scott Joplin. Born in 1868 to former
slaves, Scott Joplin earned his living from a very early age playing the piano in bars along the
Mississippi. One of his regular jobs was in the Maple Leaf Club in Sedalia, Missouri. It was there
that he began writing the more than 500 compositions that he was to produce, the most famous of
which was "The Maple Leaf Rag."

D. Scott Joplin's parents were

11. This passage is about slaves when Scott was born.
A. jazz in general and one specific type of
jazz 16. The word "living" in line 9 could most
B. the various sources of jazz easily be replaced by
C. the life of Scott Joplin A. Money
D. the major characteristics of jazz B. life-style
C. enjoyment
12. The word "conglomeration" in line 1 could D. health
best be replaced by
A. Disharmony 17. The word "regular" in line 10 could best be
B. Mixture replaced by
C. Purity A. Popular
D. treasure B. Steady
C. Unusual
13. In line 3, the word "improvisation" involves D. boring
which of the following?
A. Playing the written parts of the music 18. The word "which" in line 12 refers to
B. Performing similarly to other musicians A. regular jobs
C. Making up music while playing B. the Maple Leaf Club
D. Playing a varied selection of musical C. Sedalia, Missouri
compositions D. 500 compositions

14. According to the passage, ragtime was
A. Generally performed on a variety of
instruments
B. the first type of jazz
C. extremely soothing and sedate
D. performed only at the Maple Leaf Club
in Sedalia
15. Which of the following statements is true
according to the passage?
A. Scott Joplin was a slave when he
was born.
B. Scott Joplin's parents had been
slaves before Scott was born.
C. Scott Joplin had formerly been a
slave, but he no longer was after
1868.
19. The name of Scott Joplin's most famous
composition probably came from
A. the name of a saloon where he
performed
B. the maple tree near his Sedalia home
C. the name of the town where he was born
D. the school where he learned to play the
piano
20. The paragraph following the passage
probably discuss
A. Sedalia, Missouri
B. the Maple Leaf Club
C. the numerous compositions of Scott
Joplin
D. the life of Scott Joplin
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