Section One: Structure 1

Structure and Written Expression

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for
standard written English. There are two types of questions in this section, with special directions
for each type.
Part One: Structure (20 items)

Directions: Questions 1-20 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the ONE word or phrase that best
completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and
fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Look at the following example.
Example I Sample Answer
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes ---------
they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.
(A) due to
(B) because
(C) in spite of
(D) regardless of

The sentence should read, "Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes because they both
emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface." Therefore, you should choose (B).

Now start doing the following 20 questions.

1. By the time I saw the job advertised, 5. This year, his company sold -------
it ----too late to apply. magazine subscriptions than ever before.
A. was A. less
B. has been B. lesser
C. is C. few
D. will be D. fewer
2. I cannot find my keys; I-----it at home.
6. Lila wasn’t feeling well. -------, she
A. should have left
decided to stay home from work.
B. have to leave
A. Therefore
C. could leave
D. must have left B. Meanwhile
3. Because copper is nonconductive, C. However
it ------ for housing electrical D. Anyway
cords and circuitry.
A. values 7. Hassan is trying to read all three books
B. is valued in the series before summer --------.
C. is being valuable A. ended
D. has valued B. will have ended
C. will end
4. The farther an object from the surface D. ends
of a planet, -------- .
A. it weighs the lesser
B. the less it weights
C. the less its weight
D. it weighs less
 Section one: structure, written expression 2

8. Unlike the climate of the other islands 14. Virtually all doctors agree ------- a
of Hawaii, -------- Kona contains 54 second diagnosis in the event of a
different temperate zones. potentially major disease.
A. that of A. patients should be sought
B. this is B. patients they seek
C. these are C. that patients should seek
D. those that D. patients that should seek

9. In __________, the crime rate has 15. Unless we talk calmly and logically about
begun to drop due to neighbourhood your problem, we will not be able ------ it.
A. the past few years A. resolve
B. a few years ago B. to resolve
C. few years C. resolved
D. a few years since D. resolving

10. With the passing of time and the 16. When offered invitations, gifts, or
encroachment of people, the habitat of refreshments, Iranians believe, it is polite
gorillas ---------- to decrease. to decline a few times before ------- .
A. continuing A. acceptance
B. which continue B. accepting
C. continues C. to accept
D. that it has continued D. accepted

11. Our professor was nominated for an 17. Having collected their data sets, ------.
Academy Award as both the best A. the researchers began data analysis
lecture ------ the best paper in 1390 B. their data analysis was begun
A. also C. its researchers began the analysis
B. or D. the data analysis was begun
C. in addition 18. When a body enters the earth's
D. and atmosphere, it --------very rapidly.
A. travelled
12. With few exceptions, -------- are warm- B. travelling
blooded, have live births, and are C. travels
suckled with milk from their mother’s D. will travel
body. 19. As a universal language, Esperanto has
A. which mammals never really gained widespread
B. mammals acceptance-------- its lack of native
C. mammals that speakers.
D. mammals, they A. because
B. as a result
13. Three responsibilities ------ are to C. in order to
search out, identify, and assess D. due to
patentable inventions and technologies. 20. To answer -------- is more important
A. to a patent manager than to finish quickly.
B. with a patent manager A. accurate
C. on a patent manager B. as accurately
D. of a patent manager C. accuracy
D. accurately
 Section One: Written Expression 3

Part Two: Written Expression

Directions: In questions 21-30 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four
underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one
underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.
Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Example Sample Answer

(A) (B) (C) (D)
Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of the males' bright colours.
A B C D
The sentence should read, “Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the males'
bright colours.” Therefore, you should choose (A).
Now start doing the following 15 items.

21. Islamic science refers to the science developed under the Islam civilisation between
A B C D
the 7th and 16th centuries.

22. Iran is an example of countries that has made considerable advances through education and training.
A B C D
23. The function of a biologist is both to describe organisms in minute detail also to understand
A B C
why they behave as they do.
D
24. According to all findings to date, the known universe consists almost entirely of the hydrogen.
A B C D
25. When iron is exposed to water, oxidizes, a process commonly known as rusting.
A B C D

26. Modern psychological theory allows for the concept of free will, a recent relatively
A B C
development in this field.
D
27. The first years of one's education are thought to provide the basic of one's ability to learn
A B C
in later years.
D
28. Each of the employees have had a half-hour evaluation meeting with his or her supervisor.
A B C D

29. My classmate, whom favourite hobby is stamp collecting, has many rare stamps.
A B C D

30. Here are one of the three keys you will need to unlock the office door tomorrow.
A B C D
 Section One: Grammar and Vocabulary in context 4

Part Three: Grammar and Vocabulary in Context (Questions 31-40)

Directions: In the following passage, ten words have been removed. Four choices have been suggested
for each gap. Choose one choice, (A), (B), (C), or (D) that you think is the most
appropriate choice for the gap. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the
question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter you have chosen.

Muslim scholars paid great attention to 31.

A. original B. origin
geography. In fact, the Muslims' great concern for
C. originated D. originally
geography ---31--- with their religion. The Quran
encourages people ---32--- throughout the earth to 32.
A. travel B. to travel
see God's signs and patterns everywhere. Islam also
C. travelled D. travelling for
---33--- each Muslim to have at least enough ---34---
geography to know the direction of the Qiblah (the 33.
position of the Ka'bah in Makkah) in order to pray A. requires B. will require
C. required D. is required
five times a day. Muslims were also used ---35---
long journeys to conduct trade as well as to make the 34.
Hajj and spread their religion. The far-flung Islamic A. knowledgeable B. with knowledge
C. knowledge D. knowledge of
empire enabled scholar-explorers to compile large
amounts of geographical and climatic information 35.
from the Atlantic to the Pacific. A. for taking B. took
C. to taking D. taking

After the Second World War, most Islamic

36.
lands became independent once again, but the A. frustration B. dominance
scars of long colonial rule remained. These are C. fragmentation D. development
evident in the further---36--- of Islamic and
37.
Arabic countries into smaller states, in the A. inclined B. inflicted
injustice and oppression ---37--- against the C. intended D. inscribed
Palestinians, in the ---38--- invasion of Iraq, in
38.
the renewed activities to strengthen the cultural A. destructive B. constructive
barrier between the West and Islam and to ---39-- C. desired D. coordinated
- the image of Islam, in the current sectarian and
39.
ethnic feuds and ---40--- civil wars within some A. accept B. distinguish
countries, in the economic and political C. direct D. distort
dominance of foreign powers, and in the cultural
40.
domination exemplified in the use of foreign A. decorating B. demanding
rather than national languages in higher C. devastating D. designing
education.
 Section two: Vocabulary 5

SECTION TWO:
VOCABULARY
Part One: Vocabulary in sentences: Questions 41-55
Directions: In the following sentences, some words or phrases have been underlined. Four
choices, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D), have been suggested as their synonyms. Choose
one of these choices that you think is the most appropriate synonym for the underlined
word. Then, mark the correspondent number on your answer sheet.

41. The researcher appears to have a 48. My friend asked me to lie for her, but that is
thorough knowledge of Iranian history. against my philosophy.
A. complete A. principles
B. scientific B. regulations
C. shallow
D. wonderful C. personality
D. introspection
42. His haphazard reading left him
49. The news about toxic waste dumping
unacquainted with the gist of the book. aroused the anger of many viewers of the
A. prudent
B. intensive news broadcast
C. random A. informed
D. judicious B. appeased
43. It was probably an optical illusion. This C. provoked
half light is very deceptive. D. deceived
A. demanding 50. I had a vivid dream last night about my parents.
B. miscounting A. happy
C. misleading B. frightening
D. developing C. vague
44. Local residents were evacuated from the D. clear
area when the earthquake was predicted to 51. His ideas about political issues are rudimentary.
strike. A. progressive
A. removed B. awkward
C. basic
B. replaced
D. impolite
C. repressed 52. The volcano lies dormant now, but we feel
D. rearranged sure that it will erupt again within the year.
45. The long war has not deterred his family A. inadequate
from gathering around the table. B. inactive
A. displayed C. incessent
B. discouraged D. inattentive
C. demanded 53. The use of wise policy in economic has
D. determined boosted job opportunities.
46. The designer window treatments in her A. indulged
house, installed some years ago, were B. inflamed
outmoded C. injected
A. unnecessary D. increased
B. pointless 54. A hotly debated topic in research is whether
C. out-of-date animals have the capacity to learn language.
D. worthless A. Required
47. You cannot become a certified teacher B. entailed
without completing the prerequisite C. demanded
student-teaching assignment D. discussed
A. required 55. Governments retained salt trade as
B. optional monopoly in the Middle Ages.
C. preferred A. reserved
D. advisable B. refused
C. regarded
D. reacted
 Section Two: Vocabulary 6

Part Two: Questions 56-70

Directions: One word or phrase is removed from questions 56-70. Four choices have
been suggested for it. Choose one choice, (A), (B), (C), or (D) that you think
best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of
the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter you have chosen.

63. Early formal adult education activities

56. Before the invention of refrigeration, ------- on single needs such as reading
the -------of fish and meat must have been or writing.
a problem. A. captured
A. treatment B. focused
B. presentation C. reformed
C. preservation D. agreed
D. maintenance 64. The committee will need more time to -----
57. Many people in the past could neither read the proposal.
nor write. They were ---------- . A. elicit
A. illiterate B. estimate
B. traditional C. encourage
C. emotional D. evaluate
D. cultural 65. The team’s uniforms were--------at the start of
58. When the desk was placed facing the the play. There was not any tiny stain on them.
window, he found himself ---------from his A. innocent
work by the activity in the street. B. incoherent
A. distraught C. inequitable
B. distracted D. immaculate
C. destroyed
D. diminished. 66. All lectures were --------- because of the
59. The tension between the neighbours has new year ceremony.
been --------- in recent weeks. There will be A. provided
a fight soon. B. processed
A. grabbed C. postponed
B. defeated D. progressed
C. escalated 67. At first the result of the experiment seemed
D. dreaded ----------, but finally a pattern emerged.
A. harmonic
60. The United Nations must sometimes ------
B. genuine
in a country when there are mass killings. C. grave
A. intermediate D. haphazard
B. interfere 68. Some people never look after themselves, so it
C. intervene is -------- that one day they will be seriously ill.
D. Incorporate A. inevitable
B. inappropriate
61. A good number of ------ crafts like weaving C. impressive
are slowly being revived in the region. D. indispensable
A. traditional 69. Professor advised us to prepare another
B. proportional decent -------plan in case this one turns out
C. vivid to be unsuccessful.
D. hard A. alternative
B. destitute
62. The ability to speak Chinese was among C. enthusiastic
his -------- . This is possibly the main D. impoverished
reason for his promotion. 70. You have made a --------- decision. Any
A. attainments reasonable person would have done the
B. conventions same thing.
C. conjectures A. sensational
D. ailments B. sentimental
C. sensible
D. sceptical
 Section Three: Reading Comprehension 7

SECTION THREE
READING COMPREHENSION

Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions
about it. For questions 71-100, you are to choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or
(D), to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and
fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Passage One: Questions 71- 77
We believe the Earth is about 4.6 billion years old. At present we are forced to look to other
bodies in the solar system for hints as to what the early history of the Earth was like. Studies of our
moon, Mercury, Mars, and the large satellites of Jupiter and Saturn have provided ample evidence
line that all these large celestial bodies were bombarded by smaller objects in a wide variety of sizes
05 shortly after the larger bodies had formed. This same bombardment must have affected Earth as well.
The lunar record indicates that the rate of impacts decreased to its present low level about 4 billion
years ago. On Earth, subsequent erosion and crustal motions have obliterated the craters that must
have formed during this epoch.
Scientists estimate the Earth's age by measuring the ratios of various radioactive elements in
10 rocks. The oldest Earth rocks tested thus far are about 3 1/3 billion years old. But no one knows
whether these are the oldest rocks on Earth. Tests on rocks from the moon and on meteorites show
that these are about 4.6 billion years old. Scientists believe that this is the true age of the solar system
and probably the true age of the Earth.

71. What is the BEST title for this
passage?
A. Determining the Age of the Earth.
B. Determining the Age of the Solar
System
C. Erosion and Crustal Motion of Earth
D. Radioactive Elements in Rocks"
72. According to this passage, how do
scientists estimate the age of the Earth?
A. By measuring the ratios of
radioactive elements in rocks
B. By examining fossils
C. By studying sunspots
D. By examining volcanic activity
73. Which of the following processes led to the
obliteration of the craters formed by the
bombardment of the Earth by celestial
bodies?
A. Volcanic activity
B. Solar radiation
C. Gravity
D. Crustal motions
74. The level of impacts of the bombardments
of Earth have ------- .
A. decreased to below normal
B. increased to a current high
C. increased after a periodic low
D. decreased to a current low.
75. According to the passage, why are
scientists forced to look at other bodies
in the solar system to determine the
early history of the Earth?
A. Human alteration of the Earth
B. Erosion and crustal motions
C. Solar flares
D. Deforestation
76. In line 8, the word "obliterated" means -----.
A. created
B. destroyed
C. changed
D. eroded.
77. Which of the following bodies was
NOT studied to give evidence that the
Earth was bombarded in its early
history?
A. Mars
B. Mercury
C. Jupiter
D. Earth's moon
 Section Three: Reading Comprehension 8

Passage Two: Questions 78- 84

From the 197 million square miles, which make up the surface of the globe, 71 per cent is covered by
the interconnecting bodies of marine water; the Pacific Ocean alone covers half the Earth and averages
near 14,000 feet in depth. The portions which rise above sea level are the continents-Eurasia, Africa;
line North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica. The submerged borders of the continental
05 masses are the continental shelves, beyond which lie the deep-sea basins.
The ocean are deepest not in the center but in some elongated furrows, or long narrow troughs, called
deeps. These profound troughs have a peripheral arrangement, notably around the borders of the pacific
and Indian oceans. The position of the deeps, like the highest mountains, are of recent origin, since
otherwise they would have been filled with waste from the lands. This is further strengthened by the
10 observation that the deeps are quite often, where world-shaking earthquakes occur. To cite an example,
the "tidal wave" that in April, 1946, caused widespread destruction along Pacific coasts resulted from a
strong earthquake on the floor of the Aleutian Deep.
The topography of the ocean floors is none too well known, since in great areas the available
soundings are hundreds or even thousands of miles apart. However, the floor of the Atlantic is becoming
15 fairly well known as a result of special surveys since 1920. A broad, well-defined ridge-the Mid-Atlantic
ridge-runs north and south between Africa and the two Americas and numerous other major irregularities
diversify the Atlantic floor. Closely spaced soundings show that many parts of the oceanic floors are as
rugged as mountainous regions of the continents. Use of the recently perfected method of submarine
topography. During world war II great strides were made in mapping submarine surfaces, particularly in
20
many parts of the vast Pacific basin.
Most of the continents stand on an average of 2870 feet above sea level. North America averages
2300 feet; Europe averages only 1150 feet; and Asia, the highest of the larger continental subdivisions,
averages 3200 feet. Mount Everest, which is the highest point in the globe, is 29,000 feet above the sea;
25 and as the greatest known depth in the sea is over 35,000 feet, the maximum relief (that is, the difference
in altitude between the lowest and highest points) exceeds 64,000 feet, or exceeds 12 miles. The
continental masses and the deep-sea basins are relief features of the first order; the deeps, ridges, and
volcanic cones that diversify the sea floor, as well as the plains, plateaus, and mountains of the
continents, are relief features of the second order. The lands are unendingly subject to a complex of
30 activities summarized in the term erosion, which first sculptures them in great detail and then tends to
reduce them ultimately to sea level. The modelling of the landscape by weather, running water, and other
agents is apparent to the keenly observant eye and causes thinking people to speculate on what must be
the final result of the ceaseless wearing down of the lands. Much before there was any recognizable
science as geology, Shakespeare wrote "the revolution of the times makes mountains level."

78. The peripheral furrows or deeps are found
A. only in the pacific and Indian oceans
B. near earthquakes
C. near the shore
D. in the center of the ocean
79. The largest ocean is the -------- .
A. Atlantic C. Pacific
B. Aleutian deep D. Arctic
80. We may conclude from this passage that
earth quakes -------.
A. Occur more frequently in newly formed
land or sea formations
B. Are caused by the weight of the water
C. Cause erosion
D. Occur in the deeps
81. The science of geology was started --------.
A. By the Greeks
B. During world war II
C. April 1946
D. After 1600
82. The highest point on North America is ------ .-
A. 2870 feet above sea level
B. not mentioned in the passage
C. higher than the highest point in Europe
D. 2300 feet above sea level
83. The deeps are subject to change caused by ------- .
A. erosion C. soundings
B. earthquakes D. waste
84. The continental masses ------- .
A. Rise above sea level
B. Consist of six continents
C. Are relief features of the second order
D. Are partially submerged
.
 Section Three: Reading Comprehension 9

Passage Three: Questions 85-87

line When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They
could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make
fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel
they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the
05 growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This
development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for
cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need
for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits
such as the founding of cities.

D. made easier for early humans to

85. This passage is mainly concerned with ----.
A. the evolution of farming techniques
B. the role of hunting as a source of
food
C. how the discovery of fire changed
the development of mankind
D. basic food-gathering techniques of
early humans
86. One can infer from the passage that the
discovery of how to make fire ----.
A. improved the hunting skills of early
humans
B. taught early humans how to live
with lower organisms
C. increased alimentary options for
early humans
gather food
87. As we understand from the passage, early
humans ----.
A. didn't eat plants before they learned
how to control fire
B. used fire as a tool to alter their
surroundings
C. gained better control of their
environment when they learned to
live with lower organisms
D. started to maintain their food supply
by hunting and gathering food
when they started cooking with fire

Passage Four: Questions 88-90

Earthquake is a sudden movement in Earth's crust which produces vibration. These vibrations
may be detectable only by sensitive instruments called seismographs, or else they may kill thousands
as they destroy cities. Many earthquakes are caused when rocks move along faults. Severe
line earthquakes are most common near the edges of the "plates" in the Earth's crust, such as around the
05 Pacific Ocean, along the mid-Atlantic ridge and in the Mediterranean and South- West Asian
regions. They occur when the plates move. So me earthquakes are caused by volcanic action,
explosions and other factors, Earthquakes under the sea trigger off huge waves called tsunamis.

88. According to the passage, ---.
A. rocks move when the earthquakes
occur
B. seismographs may devastate cities if
not detected
C. earthquakes are more likely to
happen where there are faults
D. earthquakes are caused by huge
waves called tsunamis
89. It's obvious in the passage that ----.
A. many big cities are founded upon the
faults
B. big cities are more likely to confront
earthquakes
C. the Pacific Ocean is the most likely
place for the earthquakes
D. Earth's most perilous places are the
Pacific Ocean, the Mid-Atlantic, South-
West Asia and the Mediterranean
90. We can understand from the passage that ----.
A. some of the volcanic blasts are
caused by earthquakes
B. severe earthquakes cannot be
detected beforehand
C. movements of plates leads to big
earthquakes
D. faults are created by the detectable
vibrations
 Section Three: Reading Comprehension 10

Passage Five: Questions 91-93

Nehru was a many sided character. He used to take pleasure in reading and writing books as much
as he took pleasure in struggle political and community ills or resisting dictatorship. In him, the scientist
and the humanist were held in wonderful balance. While he kept looking at extraordinary troubles from
line a logical point of view, he by no means forgets that we must endorse the total man. As a scientist, he
05 declined to believe in a kind power interested in men’s matter, but as a self-proclaimed non-believer, he
loved affirming his faith in life and the beauty of nature. Children he respected. Unlike Wordsworth, he
did not see those sprawling smoke of beauty from their current sojourn in paradise. He saw them as
bloom of pledge and rejuvenation the only optimism of mankind.

91. Nehru thought that children-------- . D. a secretive person

A. held no hope for mankind
B. were trailing clouds of glory
C. were like flowers to be loved and
admired
D. held promise for a better future
92. A many side personality means -------.
A. a capable person
B. a complex personality
C. a person having varied interests
93. In this passage, a benevolent power
interested in men’s affair means --------.
A. were like flowers to be loved and
admire
B. were trailing clouds of glory
C. held no hope for mankind
D. held promise for a better future

Passage Six: Questions 94-96

Our demand for electricity is climbing so fast that over the next decade our generating capacity must
increase by a third. Fossil fuels supply nearly three-quarters of this energy. But the smoke expelling coal,
gas, and oil-fired plants are also responsible for half of our air pollution. That might be considered as a
line small price to pay for progress. But there's an alternative, .one that produces no smoke and can actually
05 create more fuel than it consumes. In many regions it's even cheaper than coal-fired electricity: nuclear
power. It may directly bring danger of radioactivity to the mind, but if other types of power didn't present
equal and even worse problems, it would make no sense to consider nuclear power at all. But they do.

94. Although 3/4 of the electricity is
generated from fossil fuels, --------.
A. we should consider the potential dangers
of nuclear power
B.it may contribute to global warming, the
greenhouse effect
C.half of the air pollution is caused by the
plants using them
D. coal also contains a surprising amount of
radioactive material
95. It is claimed in the passage that
nuclear power --------.
A. supplies three-quarters of the country's
energy demand
B.is less dangerous and cheaper than other
types of power
C.is a potential danger because it's
radioactive
D. will present us a more polluted
environment
96. In the passage, the writer is worried
that in the future --------.
A. fossil based plants might bring
bigger problems than nuclear energy
B. nuclear waste might be more
dangerous than air pollution
C. there will always be possible dangers
of nuclear power
D. there is not a better alternative than
fossil fuels
 Section Three: Reading Comprehension 11

Passage Six: Questions 97-100

A leading Indian manufacturer in a current article one ways to reinforce India’s economy has
drained notice to the tribulations of price rises and industrial illness among other things. One of the
major reasons for industrial illness in our country has been the truth that the business and
line manufacturing managers, have not been able to look further than the instantaneous future. They have
05 been too anxious with their effort to report positive results for the recent year, higher income and
larger payment to the share holders. The preparation horizon has barely over exceeded five
years. Savings have been insufficient for new plants and towards diversification and
development, transformation and benefit creation has badly lagged behind.
In business, development is required for endurance; one has to develop if one does not desire to
10 be wiped out. This is mainly right today with liberalization of importation and increasing
antagonism. Moreover, growth and higher competence create service and higher service creates
better markets both for manufacturing and consumers goods. It was Henry ford who
brought home the requirement for the formation of a better and a steadier middle class that is a better
number of people who can have enough money more and more of goods and services. Even after
15 forty years of sovereignty our manufacturers have not been able to shack the petty shopkeeper’s state
of mind and our highly knowledgeable management has tagged along joyfully and without worry.

99. The planning horizon has barely ever

97. Which of the following shortcoming of
Indian manufacturer has been pointed by
the author of the comprehension?
A. They are more worried for instant
net growth than for development
activities
B. They are less worried for expense of
payments to shareholders
C. They spend irrational high sum on
diversification and development
D. They are unwilling to preserve the
storekeeper state of mind
98. Why did Henry Ford pressurize the
requirements for a steadier middle class?
A. Middle class people are generally
service tilting
B. People in that class can have enough
money to buy more and more
luxurious goods
C. Middle class people are most
wobbly
D. Middle class people do not have
shopkeeper state of mind
exceeded five years implies -----.
A. Planning should take care of all
likely ups and downs in the next
five-year time
B. Planning must not be for a time of
less than five years
C. Five year period is too short for
successful implementation of plans
D. The planning procedure is very time
consuming
100. In order to develop the situation of
Indian industries, the entrepreneur
should do all of the following apart from
A. Giving up the narrow state of mind
which very small shopkeepers
usually have
B. Adopting policies for diversification
and transformation
C. Cheering antagonism from
industrialists with in the country and
from overseas
D. Determined to make long term
profits

Good Luck!