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Problem Set #1 1. A Beaker Filled With An Equimolar Liquid Mixture of Ethyl Alcohol and Ethyl Acetate
Problem Set #1 1. A Beaker Filled With An Equimolar Liquid Mixture of Ethyl Alcohol and Ethyl Acetate
1. A beaker filled with an equimolar liquid mixture of ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate
evaporates at 0oC into still air at 101 kPa. All of the mass-transfer resistance is in the still air
layer in the beaker. If each component evaporates independently determine the liquid
composition when half the ethyl alcohol has evaporated. You can assume well-mixed liquid,
ne negligible bulk flow effect, and Raoult’s law. The following data are available:
Therefore, the mole fractions in the well-mixed liquid when 50% of the AL has evaporated
are,
25
xAL 0.566
25 19.2
19.2
xAC 0.434
25 19.2
2. An open tank, 10 ft in diameter, containing benzene at 25oC is exposed to air. Above the
liquid surface is a stagnant air film 0.2 in. thick. If the pressure is 1 atm and the air
temperature is 25oC, what is the loss of benzene in lb/day? The specific gravity of benzene at
60oF is 0.877. The concentration of benzene outside the film is negligible. For benzene, the
vapor pressure at 25oC is 100 torr, and the diffusivity in air is 0.08 cm2/s.
4.2 Air at 25oC and a dew-point temperature of 0oC flows past the
open end of a vertical tube filled with water at 25oC. The tube has
0.5 in
an inside diameter of 0.83 inch, and the liquid level is 0.5 inch
cm
below the top of the tube. The diffusivity of water in air at 25oC is
0.256 cm2/s. (a) How long will it take for the liquid level in the
tube to drop 3 inches? (b) Use Matlab to plot the tube liquid level
as a function of time for this period. Label the graph with your
name using the Title command.
t = 2,260 h
5.2 Two bulbs are connected by a tube, 0.002 m in diameter and 0.20 m long. Bulb 1 contains
argon, and bulb 2 contains xenon. The pressure and temperature are maintained at 1 atm and
105oC. The diffusivity is 0.180 cm2/s. At a time when the argon mole fraction at end 1 of the
tube is 0.75, and 0.20 at the other end, determine the: (a) Rates and directions of mass
transfer of argon and xenon; (b) Transport velocity of each species; (c) Molar average
velocity of the mixture.
Solution
(b)
(c) Because we have equimolar, countercurrent diffusion, the molar average velocity of the
mixture is zero.
6.2 HCl gas diffuses through a film of air 0.1 in. thick at 20oC. The partial pressure of HCl on
one side of the film is 0.08 atm and zero on the other. Estimate the rate of diffusion in mol
HCl/scm2, if the total pressure is (a) 10 atm, (b) 1 atm, (c) 0.1 atm. The diffusivity of HCl in
air at 20oC and 1 atm is 0.145 cm2/s.
z 1 ( yH )1 0.254) 1 0.008
1 0
4.29 105 0.24 ln
1 0.013
z 0.218 cm
6.17 107
Solution ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Species p, Pa H, mol/m3-Pa D, m2/s Flux, N, mol/m2-s
Methane 2.45 x 106 1.14 x 10-4 8.0 x 10-11 0.028
6 -4 -11
Hydrogen 1.80 x 10 0.17 x 10 109 x 10 0.042