Research Dossier Introduction

It is a priority to have the appropriate data collection method, appropriate data collection

instruments, and appropriate data within healthcare to follow the standard for clinical reliability,

accuracy, and validity. Within healthcare most if not all procedures have a distinct protocol that

was formulated from early research to narrow down how to perform to the best aptitude. All

guidelines and accuracy of instruments and procedures are made from intensive research from

years of shared information from education, shared research, and shared experiences. Before new

technology is introduced it goes through in-depth analysis to determine how does it impact the

healthcare community. The standard within the community is always involve in discourse and

discussed in debates in topics by the top researchers and doctors of the world. Sometimes the

new instrument could improve work but it is also personal preference made by the nurse, doctor,

physician, or etc. of the tool to use. There are many options to take that a doctor and patient may

decide to partake in but it is a personal decision that can vary. The discourse within the

community is great at evaluating work, research, protocol, and instruments.

I became interested in my research topic to understand my major in a greater depth. I am a

nursing major pending so I haven’t taken specific nursing classes yet but I noticed that there are

a vast amount of new technology that is influencing clinical data. I began to wonder how much

data validity, accuracy, and reliability is affected. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary

validity is the quality or state of being valid, well- grounded, sound, or correct. Valid information

is crucial to clinical information and patient health to introduce the right course of action for

future precautions. The Merriam-Webster dictionary also defines accuracy as the freedom from

mistake or error. It is difficult to have clinical tests with a 100% guarantee that the information is

free of any errors. Errors could come from the from the patients behalf due to inexact or faulty
information given about their symptoms report or from the choice of technology or method that

was used to gather clinical data. Reliability defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary states that

reliability involves the quality or state of being reliable, the extent to which an experiment, test,

or measuring procedure yields the same results on the repeated trials. This is very important to

have a standard in the clinical field and to also have valuable consistent results. I wanted to learn

how these keywords are involved in clinical research while trying to get to a conclusion of what

is the best way to gather and interpret information. I am also trying to research what my major

has concluded to be the standard while also taking a look into any new developments that is

being newly introduced.

The sources that I found provided crucial research information on describing the key

words’ definitions and question involved. The information that I gathered form my sources

helped me understand the involvement of validity, reliability, and accuracy in research by

describing and recognizing factors in trials. I learned from my sources the standard within my

major involving research and collecting information. I do have a road block of finding

information that does not involve research information on my topic that does not involve

information only to a medical point of view. I get a lot of information from that is based off of

psychology. The psychology perspective present from my sources are helpful to provide more

information for me from different a point of view. I believe that this psychology data is

comparable to the data based on clinical purposes and would help my own research to have more

support. From my sources, I have learned that there has been multiple shifts within data

collection involving the tools to use and the protocol to follow. Antonia Vlahou and Manousos

Makridakis wrote a detail edition of Springer Protocols titled “Clinical Proteomics” which

includes the standards of healthcare protocol. The textbook provides vast details on sample
collection, technologies for discovery and validation, and extracting biological relevant

biomarkers and proceeding with implementation. The book was published in 2018 and is filled

with 278 pages of context to base clinical research and data. Vlahou and Manousos composed a

great edition that includes ways to improve clinical impurities and how to heed within the

community under a standard. Within the article “Critical appraisal and selection of data

collection instruments: A step-by-step guide” by Roehrs, C. and Wilson, V. (2016) presented by

Sciedpress, is an abstract from the “Journal of Nursing Education and Practice and the online

article provides information for nurse researchers to improve valid data through the idea of using

accurate instruments to collect data. The article has a comprehensive check list to assist readers

to swiftly and appropriately apprise quantitative research collection instruments. The article’s

main goal is to aid nurse researchers to objectively discuss, weigh information, and make scholar

conclusions. The excerpt principles of the step-by-step list that involves Critical Appraisal and

Selection of Data Collection Instruments are established from the tenets of the measurement

theory, literature, and experience of the included authors involved with the schooling/education

and experience/practice research. The article communicates in great detail of conducting

quantitative research. I agree with the article statement of how “each data collection tool selected

should undergo a comprehensive critical appraisal to assess not only the characteristics of

reliability and validity, but to also assess the congruence of the measurement method with the

research purpose, question(s), hypotheses, design, study population, study setting, conceptual

and operational definitions of the planned study variables and the over-all measurement plans.”

These two sources have provided me with general information that I am using as my main base

for information. My other sources are to support the claims made from these two sources due to

the lack of new information and fixed topics.

Research Map

Research Questions

 What are the guidelines and factors for reliable data?

 How do we determine accuracy rates of tests and procedure?
 What are the causes of false positives and false negatives?
Keywords: reliable data, accuracy, medical(ethics), clinical trials, nurses, data collection
Kinds of research:
I will use information from internet scholar articles and the UCF library. I will also gather
information from my aunt since she has experience reviewing data of clinical trials.
Time table
FEBRUARY * = research

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

4 * Research
8 Library
Proposal 5 6 7 9
Course
Memo

15 Out of
11 13 * town
12 Research 14 16 Out of
10 Informative Map/ Library town
Speech 1:30-2:20 CGS Project
1

20 * Digital
17 Out of
18 * 19 Paper Trail 21 22 23
town
(DPT)

25
Workshop 28
24 Draft 26 * 27
Research PHI Test 2
Dossier
 MARCH

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

1*
CGS Project
2 2

8
4 Final Draft 6
7
3 Research 5 CGS 9
Persuasive
Dossier PHI Test 3 Assessment
speech
2

15
11
10 14
Spring 12 13 16
Break starts Spring
Break end

18 Mid term 19 20
17 21 22 23*
week

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

APRIL

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

1 Pitch your 3 4
2 5 6
TED Talk Phi test 4

10

12
7 8 9 Workshop 11 13
Draft 1 CGS Project 3
Research
Paper
 19 Final Draft
Argumentative
Research
Paper
15 17 Workshop
Workshop Draft 3
18
14 Draft 2 16 Research CGS 20
Research Paper Assessment 3
Paper

TED Student
Lounge

22 Final
21 23 24 25 26 27
week

29
28 30

Preliminary research:

1. Interview with my aunt who is a manager of clinical trials.

2. Roehrs, C. and Wilson, V. (2016). Critical appraisal and selection of data collection
instruments: A step-by-step guide. [online] Sciedu.ca. Available at:
http://www.sciedu.ca/journal/index.php/jnep/article/viewFile/10147/6397 [Accessed 4 Feb.
2019].
3. Wilcox, A., Fort, D., Weng, C. and Bakken,, S. (2014). Considerations for Using Research
Data to Verify Clinical Data Accuracy. [online] PubMed Central (PMC). Available at:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4333689/ [Accessed 4 Feb. 2019].
4. Lewis, Peter, et al. Health Assessment in Nursing. Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, 2014, downloads.lww.com/wolterskluwer_vitalstream_com/sample-
content/9780781762403_weber/ch03.pdf.
5. Schmidt, Brooke, and Clifford Ko. “The Critical Importance of Good Data to Improving
Quality.” Patient Safety & Quality Healthcare, 6 Aug. 2012, com/analysis/the-critical-
importance-of-good-data-to-improving-quality/(Links to an external site.)Links to an
external site. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..
6. “5. Improving Data Collection across the Health Care System.” AHRQ--Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality: Advancing Excellence in Health Care, U.S. HHS: Agency
 for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2 Oct. 2014, www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/final-
reports/iomracereport/reldata5.html.

Annotated Bibliography (CAB)

1: Citation: Roehrs, C. and Wilson, V. (2016). Critical appraisal and selection of data
collection instruments: A step-by-step guide. [online] Sciedu.ca. Available at:
http://www.sciedu.ca/journal/index.php/jnep/article/viewFile/10147/6397 [Accessed 4 Feb.
2019].

Content: The article provides step-by-step education for critical appraisal and assortment of data
collection instruments. The article describes in detail of “measurement theory, literature, and
experience of the authors in education and practice research”
Statement about the author and credibility: Written by Kathleen N Dunemn, Carol J. Roehrs,
Vicki L Wilson. They seem to be creditable from the School of Nursing, University of Northern
Colorado
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: This article provides comprehensive
information for successful data collection. It provides personal experiences from fellow
researchers while applying the data from a nursing perspective.

2:Citation: http://ucf.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?29CF036384128 (Links to an external

site.)Links to an external site.
Content: A book discussion on fellow researchers and their protocols that they follow including
tips and help to fix issues.
Statement about the author and credibility: Published by Springer New York : Imprint:
Humana Press, edited by Antonia Vlahou, Manousos Makridakis, and written from varies
multicultural researchers
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: The text provides information to conclude
appropriate research and how to limit problems and inaccuracy.

3: Citation: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/06/150608143755.htm (Links to an

external site.)Links to an external site.
Content: This text is provided from a website that is using an article from Society of Thoracic
Surgeons to explain how to recognize what is reliable in clinical data. The text discuss how new
technology affect data collection and how the health care industry can evolve with the new
technology.
Statement about the author and credibility: Written from Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: The text has an evolving point of view
that focuses on how to have appropriate data in the clinical field.

4: Citation: Field work interview with Dale Strong

Content: During the interview Ms. Strong provides contextual information involve with clinical
studies that are testing prescriptions before the drugs ae distributed out.
Statement about the author and credibility: Works with Quintiles clinical trials
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Gives details on how a company performs
research and how they limit imprecise data.

5: Citation: Field work with Albert McGhee

Content: During the interview Mr. McGhee provides contextual information involve with
clinical studies that are testing prescriptions before the drugs ae distributed out.
Statement about the author and credibility: Works with Quintiles clinical trials
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Gives details on how a company performs
research and how they limit imprecise data.

6: Citation: Study to Assess the Validity and Reliability of the Spinal Cord Independence
Measure (SCIM III) - Tabular View. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00573976?view=record
Content: An experiment that test ideas, thoughts, and independent measure.
Statement about the author and credibility: Collaborated with University of California, Irvine;
University of Pittsburgh; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Rancho Los
Amigos National Rehabilitation Center; University of Missouri-Columbia;
James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital; VA Long Beach Healthcare System; Allina
Hospitals and Clinics; University of Kentucky; Mayo Clinic; University of Louisville; Shirley
Ryan AbilityLab; Carolinas Healthcare System; Kessler Foundation; MedStar National
Rehabilitation Network; MetroHealth Rehabilitation Institute of Ohio; Touro Rehabilitation
Center; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Medical College of Wisconsin; St. Joseph
Hospital Health Center; Thomas Jefferson University; The Institute for Rehabilitaion and
Research Foundation.
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Testing the SCIIM for a reliable and
accurate data collection

7: Citation: Nickson, C., Chris, Monash University, Australian Centre for Health Innovation,
New Zealand Intensive Care Society, ANZICS) Education Committee, & University of
Auckland. (2016, January 03). Validity of Clinical Research • Life in the Fast Lane • LITFL •
Medical Blog. Retrieved from https://lifeinthefastlane.com/ccc/validity-of-clinical-research/
Content: A trial to test the validity of clinical data involving patients. The trial changes protocol
to see if that affects the data collected.
Statement about the author and credibility: Written by by Chris Nickson and last updated January
3, 2016
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: A trial testing the factors that affect data

8: Citation: Validity and reliability. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.iwh.on.ca/what-

researchers-mean-by/validity-and-reliability
Content: How to ensure the validity and reliability of a measurement
Statement about the author and credibility: Published by the Institute for Work and Health
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Great information to have a accurate data
collection process and gives intel on how to limit unnecessary factors
9:Citation: http://ucf.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?29ISL001001313 (Links to an external
site.)Links to an external site.
Content: The text gives insight on how a data collection method matches up for accurate and
valid data.
Statement about the author and credibility: Written by Richard W. White
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: The independent research tests The Quad
Rule to show how it can help clinical trials

10: Citation: Validity and reliability. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.iwh.on.ca/what-

researchers-mean-by/validity-and-reliability
Content: Highlights the internal validity and external validity
Statement about the author and credibility: Published by Life In The Fast Lane
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Testing the quality of being correct

11: Citation: http://ucf.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?29CF036372778 (Links to an external

site.)Links to an external site.
Content: Discusses the rights and wrongs of clinical trials
Statement about the author and credibility: Written by by John G. Brock-Utne.

Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Text describes the problems involved with
clinical trials to limit the issues in future research

12: Citation: http://ucf.catalog.fcla.edu/permalink.jsp?29CF029050071 (Links to an external

site.)Links to an external site.
Content: Examples of clinical trials collection of data
Statement about the author and credibility: Written by Kathi Keaton Borok.
Bias, perspective, relevance, or function of the text: Great examples to see different preferences