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Docslide - Us Oisd-118 PDF
Docslide - Us Oisd-118 PDF
Third Revision
FOR RESTRICTED
CIRCULATION
LAYOUTS
FOR
OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
OISD-STANDARD-118
First Revision, July 1995
Second Revision. August 1999
Third Revision. August 2000
LAYOUTS
FOR
OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
Prepared By :
COMMITTEE ON LAYOUTS
OISD publications are prepared for use in the oil and gas industry under
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. These are the property of Ministry of
Petroleum & Natural Gas and shall not be reproduced or copied or loaned or
exhibited to others without written consent from OISD.
Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability
of the data contained in these documents, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any
liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from their use.
These documents are intended only to supplement and not to replace the
prevailing statutory requirements.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
FOREWORD
The Oil Industry in India is over 100 years old. As such various practices have been in
vogue because of collaboration/association with different foreign companies and
governments. Standardisation in design philosophies and operating and maintenance
practices at a national level was hardly in existence. This coupled with feed back from some
serious accidents that occurred in the recent past in India and abroad, emphasised the need
for the industry to review the existing state-of-the-art in designing, operating and maintaining
oil and gas installations.
With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a
Safety Council assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the
industry for formulating and implementing a series of self regulatory measures aimed at
removing obsolescence, standardising and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safer
operations. Accordingly, OISD constituted a number of functional committees comprising of
experts nominated from the industry to draw up standards and guidelines on various
subjects. The experience and knowledge gathered over the years and the various national
and international codes and practices are taken into consideration.
The first edition of the document on "Layouts for Oil and Gas Installations" was
prepared by the Functional Committee and published in November 1988. This document of
July 1995 is the first revision prepared by the Functional Committee.
This document will be reviewed periodically for improvements based on the experience
and better understanding.
The Coordinator
Committee on Layouts
Oil Industry Safety Directorate
2nd Floor, “Kailash”
26, Kasturba Gandhi Marg
New Delhi-110 001
iii
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
COMMITTEE ON LAYOUTS
(First Edition - November 1988)
NAME ORGANISATION
Leader
Shri R.P.Bhatla Engineers India Ltd., New Delhi
Members
Shri K.K. Arora Oil & Natural Gas Corpn. Ltd., Bombay
Shri S.K. Mukherjee Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. (R), Bombay
Shri V.K. Raina Bharat Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. (M), Bombay
Shri K. Ravi Kumar Madras Refineries Ltd., Madras
Member Coordinator
Shri B.K. Trehan Oil Industry Safety Directorate, New Delhi
COMMITTEE ON LAYOUTS
(First Revision - July 1995)
Leader
Shri R.P. Bhatla/ Engineers India Ltd., New Delhi
Shri M.M. Kapoor
(since February, 1995)
Members
Shri S.K. Mukherjee Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. (R), Bombay
Shri K.K. Arora Oil & Natural Gas Corpn. Ltd., Bombay
Shri V.K.Raina Bharat Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. (M), Bombay
Shri S. Pandarinathan Madras Refineries Ltd., Madras
Member Coordinator
Shri B. Sadhukhan/ Oil Industry Safety Directorate, New Delhi
Shri S.N. Mathur
(since April, 1995)
(In addition to the above, several other experts from the industry contributed in the preparation, review and
finalisation of this document.)
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
LAYOUTS FOR OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
INDEX
SECTION CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Scope
3.0 Definitions
4.0 Plant Layout Philosophy
5.0 Layout of Blocks/Facilities
5.1 General Considerations
5.2 Inter-distances
6.0 Layout of Process Units
6.1 General Considerations
6.1.1 Process Equipment
6.1.2 Control Room and Sub-Station
6.2 Equipment Spacing within Process Units
7.0 Layout of Storage Tanks
7.1 General Considerations
7.2 Inter-distances between Tanks / Offsite Facilities
8.0 Layout of LPG Facilities
8.1 General Considerations
8.1.1 LPG Storage
8.1.2 LPG Bottling
8.1.3 LPG Bulk Handling
8.2 Inter-distances for LPG Facilities
9.0 Layout of Utility Stations
9.1 General Considerations
9.2 Inter-distances
10.0 References
TABLES
1. Inter-distances between Blocks/Facilities
2. Equipment Spacing within Process Units
3. Inter-distances between Storage Tanks/Offsite Facilities
(for Small Installations)
4. Inter-distances between Storage Tanks/Offsite Facilites
5. Inter-distances between Storage Tanks
6. Distances from Boundary Fencing
7. Inter-distances for LPG Facilities
8. Inter-distances between LPG Storage Vessels and Boundary/Property Line/
Group of Buildings not associated with LPG plant.
v
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
LAYOUTS FOR OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
— Excluded Petroleum: (i) BASIC INFORMATION
Liquids which have flash point of 93 oC
and above. (a) Information on following items should be
collected before proceeding with the
Liquefied gases including LPG, do not fall under development of overall plot plan:
this classification but form separate category. - Process units and their capacities
- Process flow diagram indicating flow
In the following cases, above classification does
sequence
not apply and special precautions should be
taken as required: - Utility requirements
(a) Where ambient temperatures or the - Storage tanks list
handling temperatures are higher than the - LPG storage vessels and their sizes
flash point of the product.
- Product despatch and mode of transport
(b) Where product handled is artificially heated (rail, road and pipeline)
to a temperature above its flash point.
- Warehouses, open storage areas
(viii) TANK HEIGHT
- Number of flares
Tank height is the: - Operating and maintenance philosophy for
- Height from tank bottom to top kerb angle grouping of utilities
for cone roof tanks - Plant and non-plant buildings
- Height from tank bottom to top of tank shell - Environmental considerations
for floating roof tanks
- Scrap yards and dumping ground
(ix) STABLING LINE - Fire station and fire training ground
It is an additional railway line/spur reserved for - Chemical/Toxic Chemical storage
additional rake/stabling.
- Storage areas for solid products such as
petroleum coke, petroleum wax, coal,
4.0 PLANT LAYOUT PHILOSOPHY bitumen and asphalt
- Blowdown and flare system - Source of water supply and likely entry point
- Waste water treatment facilities - Electric supply source and direction of entry
- Administrative and service buildings (ware- point
house, workshop, canteen, fire station, - Crude oil entry point
laboratory, first aid, parking lot etc.)
- Storm water disposal point and effluent
Following points shall be kept in mind while disposal point
developing overall plant layout of any installation. - Railway entry point and marshalling yard
location
vii
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
- Approach roads to main plant areas (a) Process unit(s) should be located on high
ground to avoid flooding.
- Inward/outward product movement by rail/
road and pipelines. (b) Presence of ignition source shall always be
- Surrounding risks contemplated beyond the boundary wall of
(ii) BLOCKS the installation.
(iv) LOCATION
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
While locating the above blocks/facilities and (x) Flare should be located upwind of process units.
further sub blocks/facilities within them, following items Height of flare and its distance from operating
should be considered : facilities shall be decided based on heat radiation
considerations and other considerations like
(i) Layout planning should be in sequential order of
ground level concentration, cold venting etc.
process flow.
(ii) Orientation should be to suit wind direction to Area around flare should be paved to avoid
avoid travel of hydrocarbon vapour over sources growth of grass/vegetation which can otherwise
of ignition. provide combustible material for fires. (Ref.
(iii) Process units should be centrally located with section 8.0 of OISD-STD-106 on "Process Design
straight approach from main gate. Orientation of and Operating Philosophies on Relief and
process units should follow process flow in Disposal systems").
sequential order so that piping runs are also
minimum. (xi) Truck loading facilities should be located close to
product movement gate. Rail loading facilities
Location of tall columns and furnaces should be should suit rail siding layout and preferably be
close to road side for ease of construction and located along periphery of the installation.
maintenance.
(xii) Effluent Treatment Plants should be located
(iv) Storage tanks should be grouped according to minimum one block away from unit area, down
product classification. In undulating areas, wind of process units and important areas to
storage tanks should be located at lower avoid odour problems. They should be closer to
elevations. disposal point and at lower grade to facilitate
gravity flow of effluent.
(v) Utility blocks should be located adjacent to unit
blocks. (xiii) Sulphur recovery unit and sulphur loading area
should be located close to product movement
(vi) Main power receiving station should be close to gate and away from hazardous and populated
the fence line with minimum overhead power areas. A minimum distance of 50m is recommen-
transmission lines passing through the installa- ded between sulphur storage/handling and any
tion. building or boundary wall.
Overhead power transmission lines shall not pass (xiv) Petroleum coke/coal storage and handling
over process units, storage tanks, offsite and facilities should be located as far as possible
utility areas. Wherever these lines are passing away from process units, air separation plants,
through plant premises adequate safety distances populated and hazardous areas.
shall be kept.
(xv) Sufficient open areas should be left where
(vii) H T sub-station should be located close to major construction activities can be undertaken.
load centres. One or more sub-stations could be Requirements for erecting tall structures should
provided to limit distances. be studied before finalising the layout.
(viii) L T sub-station should generally be located at (xvi) Fire station should be located close to main entry
load centres in such a way that the distance gate with straight approach to process units/other
between distribution transformer and farthest critical areas. Fire station and fire water pump
motor is minimum. house shall be located at a safe place away from
hazardous areas. Fire station includes fire
(ix) Gas/Oil based power plants should be located tenders, foam equipments and fire fighting
close to process units/utility blocks and closer to accessories.
Main Receiving Station, as far as possible. Coal
based power plants should be located away from (xvii) Fire water storage and pumps shall be located at
criticalfacilities like air separation plants, electri- a minimum distance of 60 m from hydrocarbon
cal installations etc. to avoid problems due to coal storage and process units. However for petroleum
dust and ash. depots and terminals, it shall be as per clause
4.3.5(V) of OISD-STD-117.
ix
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
5.2 INTERDISTANCES
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 11
TABLE - 1 (NOTE1)
MINIMUM INTERDISTANCES BETWEEN BLOCKS/FACILITIES
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
7. Flares-elevated 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 150 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90
8. Flares-ground 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
12 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
TABLE - 1 (Contd..)
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
** Distance will be 30 meters in case Control Room is blast proof and 60 meters in case it is not blast proof.
Notes :
1. All distances are in metres.
2. All distances shall be measured between the nearest points on the perimeter of each facility except in case of tank vehicle loading/unloading area
where the distance shall be measured from the centre of each bay.
3. "T" indicates the table to be referred.
4. Where distances have not been specified, it shall be decided based on construction,operation & maintenance requirements.
5. API/CPI, open oil separators/oil collection sumps shall be categorised under the same risk and shall be located at 90m distance from
heaters/boilers. However, if these are covered from top and provided with adequate venting to safe location, the minimum safe distance can be
reduced from 90m to 30m.
6. Distance between bulk loading racks and fire station shall be :
(i) For LPG Gantry - 90 m &
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 13
7. Definitions :
Process Unit - a unit having integrated sequence of operation , physical and chemical, and may involve preparation, separation, purification, or change
in state, energy content or composition.
Service building – a building housing facilities for inspection/maintenance/other supporting services which are directly required for operation of the plant.
Fire station – a building housing facilities of parking fire tenders and keeping other ready to use fire fighting equipment for meeting plant emergencies,
fire control room with required communication facilities/mimic panel.
Fire pump house – a building housing main fire water pumps, jockey pumps, communication and alarm system, instrumentation and the required
operating & supporting personnel.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
14 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
-118 Revision - I
6.0 LAYOUT OF PROCESS UNITS (viii) Vessels having large liquid hold-up should
be installed at lower heights and preferably
6.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS at grade. Adequate drainage should be
provided around such vessels. Where
6.1.1 PROCESS EQUIPMENT process requirement dictates their installa-
tion above grade, these should be located
(i) Process flow sequence and operating in open area.
procedures shall be thoroughly understood
so that equipment arrangement in the plot (ix) Towers/columns should be located along
plan is functional. Equipment shall be the pipe rack towards open areas for
arranged in logistic process sequence for unobstructed erection as well as
short piping runs and operational ease. maintenance of internals at grade. Tall
towers require frequent operating attention
(ii) It is recommended that the unit pipe rack at upper levels. Hence they may be located
be kept in the centre, thereby splitting the at one place so that common connecting
unit into two or more areas of platform can be provided.
equipments.Pumps may be arranged in
two rows close to and on either side of the (x) Thermo-siphon reboilers should preferably
central pipe rack. Heat Exchangers and be placed close to their associated towers.
vessels should be grouped together Reboiler should be mounted on the tower
forming outer rows on both sides of the so that vertical expansion will be uniform,
rack. Fired heaters should be kept at open piping system design is simplified and
end of the unit upwind from the remaining inlet/outlet piping is minimised. Clearance
plant equipments. shall be provided for movement between
reboiler and tower.
(iii) Spacing between battery limits of individual
pieces of equipment shall be adequate for (xi) Gas compressors should be located down
undertaking maintenance jobs. wind from heaters so that leaked gases will
not drift towards the heater. Gas
(iv) Spacing between two process units in a compressors should have roofing and open
complex should be decided based on shut from sides to avoid accumulation of heavier
down philosophy for maintenance of the vapours/gases on the floor of compressor
units. If the shut down of the units are house. Compressor house should be
expected at different occasions, then inter located near the battery limits to facilitate
distances may be increased.This will ease in maintenance and operation.
facilitate ease in maintenance and
minimise risk from/for operating units due (xii) Heaters should be located up wind at one
to hot jobs in the units under shut down. corner of the unit. Space should be
provided for removal and cleaning of
(v) Heat exchangers should be located heater tubes besides approach for crane.
perpendicular to the pipe rack on the outer Areas around the heaters shall be graded
row to facilitate pulling of tube bundles with for guiding spills away from process
mobile crane or by other means.Shell and equipment. FD fans shall be located away
tube heat exchanger should have a from process equipment from where they
longitudinal clearance of at least one metre arelikely to suck hydrocarbon vapours.
plus the length of removable bundles.
The local control panel for soot blower
(vi) Air fin coolers should be installed above the control and flue gas analyser shall only be
pipe rack. Pumps handling hydro-carbons located on and near the process heater.
and materials above the temperature of The rest of controls shall be taken to
230 degree C should not be installed central control room.
underneath the air fin coolers.
(xiii) No other tankage except day tanks shall be
(vii) Cold boxes should be located on grade or provided within battery limits of any
on separate elevated structures. Adequate process unit.
space should be provided around cold
boxes for ease of operation and
maintenance.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 15
(xiv) Flare knock out drum of the closed blow towards outside. Doors should be made of
down system should be located at battery fire proof material.
limit of the unit.
(ii) Control room should be designed to cater
(xv) Blow down facilities/burried drum shall be for minimum occupancy.
located at one corner of the plant farthest
from furnace or any fired equipment and on
the lee-ward side of the unit. (iii) Transformers should be located in open
area on the rear side of sub-station.Each
Vent from Blow down facility shall be transformer shall be isolated from the other
minimum 6m clear off the air fin coolers. It by a brick masonary wall. Approach road to
shall be minimum 6m above the highest sub-station and transformer bays should be
platform if horizontal distance of 15m from provided to facilitate crane movement for
process equipment is not possible. erection and maintenance.
6.1.2 CONTROL ROOM AND SUB-STATION (iv) Electrical sub-station should be located
adjacent to the control room building and
(i) Control room should be located distinctly in should meet the requirements of electrical
the process block or in the adjoining block. area classification.
It should be at a safe distance where
protection to instruments and personnel is 6.2 EQUIPMENT SPACING WITHIN PROCESS
ensured and non-hazardous electrical area UNITS
classification is permitted. It should have
alternate means of exit with doors opening Interdistances betweenvarious equipments in
process units shall be as per Table-2.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
16 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
TABLE-2
MINIMUM INTERDISTANCES BETWEEN EQUIPMENTS WITHIN PROCESS UNIT
“This table could be used by the oil companies as a guideline for their projects. These could be suitably modified as required to suit space constraints
and relevant engineering practices.” NOTE 1
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TABLE - 2 (Contd...)
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Notes:
1. All distances are face to face clear minimum distances in meters.
2. Distance between equipments not covered herein & equipments handling non-hydrocarbons shall be as per good engineering practices.
3. From control room to heater, safe distance shall be 16m if the control room is for one unit and shall be 30m, if it is for two units. For gas
processing plants, it shall be 30m irrespective of whether the control room is for one or more units.
4. Distances between the reactor and furnace when directly connected process-wise, can be relaxed to 5m.
5. Only distances indicated from fired heaters (1) Fuel oil day tank (7), Control room (12), Fired heater local control panel (14), Fire water
hydrant/monitor (16), Blow down facility (18) and water spray deluge valve (19) are by safety considerations. Other distances indicated are
recommended from erection, operation and maintenance safe guards.
6. The local control panel meant for soot blower control & fuel gas analyser shall only be located on and near the process firedheater. The rest of
controls shall be taken to central control room.
7. Safety distances as per preceeding Table-2 for blow down facilities are for open pit location. If the blow down drum is located underground, the
distance from fired heater shall be reduced from 30m to 15m.
8. Steam snuffing/purging valve shall be located minimum 15m from only those equipments which are served bythe steam valve.
9. Fuel Oil day tanks shall be located at a safe distance of 15m from equipment except those facilities such as heat exchanger, pump connected
directly with the Fuel Oil system. (Refer Table-5 for interdistance between tanks).
10. Distance between fired heater and distillation column shall be increased to 22.5m in case of light ends such as Naphtha stabiliser.
11. Minimum distances between equipment shall not be applicable for package items and their related appertenances.
18 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
7.0 LAYOUT OF STORAGE TANKS hydrostatic load. Earth wall of over 1 meter
high shall have not less than 0.6 meter
7.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS wide flat section on top. Note 2
(d) Interdistance between the nearest tanks (a) Any tank having a diameter more than 30m
located in two dykes shall be equivalent to should be separated with fire walls from
the largest tank diameter or 30m, which- other tank.
ever is more.
(b) Fire walls should be provided by limiting
(e) The tank or tanks shall be supported on the aggregate capacity of each group of
well designed foundations and shall be tanks within, to 20,000 cu.m.
either buried underground or installed in
the open and surrounded by wall or (iv) GENERAL
embankment not more than two meter high
and made of earth, concrete or solid
masonry capable of withstanding fully
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 19
(a) The tank height shall not exceed one and (i) Inter distances shall be as given in Table-3
half times the diameter of the tank or 20m for tanks storing class "C" petroleum; or
whichever is less. class "A" and "B" petroleum products with
total storage capacity not exceeding 5000
(b) Piping from/to any tank located in a single cu.m at one installation.
dyked enclosure should not pass through
any other dyked enclosure. Piping (ii) Inter distances shall be as given in Table-4
connected to tanks should run directly to for tanks storing class "A" and class "B"
outside of dyke to the extent possible to petroleum products with total storage
minimise piping within the enclosures. capacity exceeding 5000 cu.m
(c) No fire water/foam ring main shall pass (iii) Interdistances between tanks and fencing
through dyked enclosure. shall be as given in Table-6 for tanks
storing Class "A", Class "B" and Class "C"
(d) The minimum distance between a tank petroleum products with total storage
shell and the inside toe of the dyke wall capacity of class "A" and class "B"
shall not be less than one half the height of petroleum stored exceeding 5000 cu.m
the tank.
(iv) Interdistances between tanks storing
7.2 INTERDISTANCES BETWEEN TANKS / OFF- excluded petroleum will not be governed by
SITE FACILITIES Table-3 and 4 and should be decided on
construction, operation and maintenance
The following stipulations shall apply for the inter requirements.
distances for above ground tanks storing petroleum:
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
20 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
TABLE - 3 (NOTE1)
INTERDISTANCES BETWEEN TANKS/OFFSITE FACILITIES
(For small installations)
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Contd...
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 21
TABLE - 3 (Contd...)
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Notes:
TABLE - 4
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Notes :
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 23
TABLE - 5
Notes :
1. This table is applicable for installations where aggregate storage capacity of class A and class B
petroleum stored above grade exceeds 5000 cu.m. or where the diameter of any such tank for the storage
of petroleum exceeds 9 m.
3. Notation:
4. If the interdistance (for class A & B) calculated as above are less than 15m,then minimum of 15m or 0.5
D or d shall be followed.
5. Interdistance between class A/B storage tanks and classC storage tanks shall not be less than 6 metres.
24 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
TABLE - 6 (NOTE1)
Minimum Distance
from Boundary
S.No. Installation fencing around
Installation
Notes :
2. This table is applicable for facilities in an installation where total quantity of petroleum class A & B stored
above ground in bulk exceeds 5000 cu.m. or where the diameter of any such tank for the storage of
petroleum exceeds 9 m.
3. Notation:
4. Above table is based on the assumption that property beyond the boundary line is either protected or
adequate green belt is provided as a safety buffer where no structure exists. Property beyond property line
is deemed protected if it is within the jurisdiction of public Fire Brigade or plant's own Fire Brigade.
** (I) Distance from Floating roof tank to boundary fencing for stable and boil-over liquids, having
protection for exposure shall be D/2 (minimum 20m).
The above distance shall be D/2 (minimum 20m) for tanks having approved foam or inerting
system and the tank diameter not exceeding 50m.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 25
26 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
8.0 LAYOUT OF LPG FACILITIES it shall not exceed 60cm at shallow sump
position, as otherwise evaporation of
spilled LPG may get affected.
8.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
(c) There shall not be any depressions, large
8.1.1 LPG STORAGE ditches and low lying areas around LPG
storage as the leaked gas can accumulate,
(i) GROUPING being heavier than air. Top surface of the
vessels installed in a group should be on
Vessels shall be arranged into groups each the same plane so that safety blowout from
having a maximum of six vessels. Capacity of one vessel does not affect the other vessel.
each group shall be limited to 15000 cu.m. Each This will also minimise the chances of
group shall be provided with a curb wall. overfilling of adjoining vessels due to
gravitation.
Any vessel in one group shall be separated from
a vessel in another group by a minimum distance (d) A typical layout plan of LPG sphere area
of 30m. with major safety requirements of distan-
ces, drainage sump, pump station location
Spheres and bullets shall be treated as separate etc. is enclosed at Annexure-1 for general
groups with 30m safety distance between two guidance.
groups. Separate dedicated manifold shall be
provided for each group. 8.1.2 LPG BOTTLING
(a) Longitudinal axes of horizontal vessels LPG bottling facilities should be located at a safe
(Bullets) should not point towards other distance from other facilities with minimum
vessels, vital process equipments and ingress to trucking traffic and downwind to
control room. storage as far as possible.
(b) Storage vessels should be located down There shall not be any deep ditches in the
wind of process units, important buildings surrounding area to avoid LPG settling.
and facilities.
(ii) CONSTRUCTION
(c) LPG storage vessels shall not be located
within the same dykes where other Bottling section shall be of single storey having
flammable liquid hydrocarbons are stored. roofing and open from sides for adequate
ventilation so that leaked gas can drift away.
(d) Storage vessels shall be laid out in single RCC roofing should not be used to the extent
row both in case of the spheres and bullets. possible.
Storage vessels shall not be stacked one
above the other. (iii) OPERATION
(iii) SPILLS AND LEAKS (a) Stacking areas for empty and filled
cylinders should be located separately.
(a) Spillage collection shallow sump shall be Cylinders shall be stacked vertically. Filling
located at a distance where the flames machines and testing facilities shall be
from sump fire will not impinge on the organised in sequential manner distinctly in
vessel. This distance shall not be less than a separate area.
the diameter of the nearest vessel or 15m
whichever is higher. The capacity of the (b) Filled LPG cylinders shall not be stored in
collection sump shall be as per drawing the vicinity of cylinders containing other
enclosed at Annexure-1. However in case gases or hazardous substances.
of one sphere, the sump size shall be equal (c) Storage shall be kept on or above grade
to layout of two spheres. and never below grade in cellar or
(b) Curb wall around the storage tank shall basement.
have a minimum height of 30cm. However
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 27
TABLE - 7
INTERDISTANCES FOR LPG FACILITIES
S.No. From \ To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. Boundary/property line/ T8 - 30 30 30 30 **
group of buildings, not
associated with LPG plant
5. Rail spurs 30 30 30 50 50 30 60
6. Pump house/Comp. 15 30 15 30 30 - 60
house(LPG)
Notes :
2. Notation:
T8 – Refer Table - 8
* 1/4 of sum of diameters of adjacent vessels or half the diameter of the larger of the two adjacent
vessels whichever is greater.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 29
TABLE - 8 (NOTE1)
Capacity of
S.No. Each Vessel Distance
(Cum.M. of water)
1. 10 - 20 15
2. 21 - 40 20
3. 41. 350 30
4. 351 - 450 40
5. 451 - 750 60
6. 751 - 3800 90
Note :
9.0 LAYOUT OF UTILITY STATIONS The waste disposal facilities like effluent
channels, land fill areas for disposing off solid
9.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS waste etc. should preferably be located by the
side of boundary wall, but down stream of wind
Boiler House, Air compressors, fuel oil facilities direction so that the foul odour that may be
(for generation of steam) shall be located in separate present at times does not affect the plant
block adjoining the process unit blocks. The steam personnel and neighbourhood areas. Locating the
generation facilities block should preferably include waste disposal facility near the boundary wall also
boiler feed water pump, chemical block for boiler house eliminates the vehicular movement in process
etc., which form the integral part of the steam areas in case solid wastes are to be taken out of
generation facilities. installation for disposal.
The plant air compressors and drying units should iv) SMOKING BOOTHS
preferably be located in the boiler house unit block. Fuel
oil heating and pumping facilities may also be located Smoking booths should not be provided in
within the boiler house unit block. These may be located hydrocarbon industry. However if it is necessary
in the boiler house unit block to minimise the spreading to provide smoking booths, these should be
ofvarious utility blocks around the process unit, to located at a safe distance of :
facilitate ease of operation.
(i) 30m from hydrocarbon source in case of oil
( i) ELECTRICAL refinery/storage installation.
(ii) 60m from hydrocabon source in case of
Electrical generation facilities should be located LPG/Gas Processing Plants.
near the process unit block because such
electrical generation units normally supply steam 9.2 INTERDISTANCES
to the process units e.g. Cogeneration. When
external power grid is interconnected with plant Interdistances between various utility stations
power generation facilities, either the power plant and other facilities shall be as given in Table-1.
shall be located at the side of boundary wall or
the external power transmission lines shall be
taken underground upto the interconnection grid 10.0 REFERENCES
inorder to minimise the length of overhead
transmission lines within the plant. 1. OISD-STD-106 on Process Design and
Operating Philosophies on Relief and
(ii) COOLING TOWERS Disposal Systems.
2. OISD-STD-144 on LPG Bottling and
Cooling towers should be located away from Distribution.
process unit area, preferably downstream
direction of wind to avoid corrosion of the 3. NFPA Standard No.30 "Flammable and
equipments in process areas. Combus-tible Liquids Code".
4. Petroleum Rules - 1976.
(iii) WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES 5. OISD-STD-117on Fire Protection facilities
for Petroleum depots and terminals.
Separate collection system should be provided for
different types of waste generated in the process 6. OISD-STD-116 on Fire Protection facilities
plant such as oily water, cooling tower blowdown, for Petroleum Refineries/process plants.
caustic and acidic effluents, sludge, fecal etc. 7. SMPV Rules - 1981.
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 31
ANNEXURE - 1
Section - XX
NOTES :
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN METRES
2. TOP SURFACE OF ALL VESSELS INSTALLED SHALL BE IN THE SAME PLANE.
3. SIZING CRITERIA FOR SUMP—FULL CONTAINMENT OF LPG SPHERE WITHIN KERB AREA IS NOT ENVISAGED HOWEVER
THERE IS CHANCE OF SMALL SPILL OFLPG IN THE STORAGE AREA IT IS ASSUMED THAT THE LEAK WILL BE ARRESTED
WITHIN ABOUT AN HOUR THE CONTAINMENT VOLUME FOR ONE HOUR LEAK CORRESPONDING TO LARGEST NOZZLE
SIZE AND LIGHTEST MATERIAL IS 18 MT OR ABOUT 35 M3 WITH A MAXIMUM LIQUID COLLECTION RATE OF APPROX. 5
KG./SEC.
4. ALL LEVELS ARE WITH RESPECT TO HIGH POINT OF PAVEMENT LEVEL I.E. 100.00
5. PROTECTIVE WALLS TO BE PROVIDED IF THE VALVE IS WITHIN 30 M FROM SPHERE SHELL.
6. WATER SEAL SHALL BE PROVIDED AT OUTLET FROM SHALLOW SUMP.
LEGEND :
NOTES
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."
OISD-STD-118 Revision - II 33
NOTES
34 OISD-STD-118 Revision - II
NOTES
"OISD hereby Expressly Disclaims any liability or Responsibilities for Loss or Damage Resulting from the use of the OISD Standards/Guidelines."