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MOLECULARBASISOFINHERITANCE - Pps
MOLECULARBASISOFINHERITANCE - Pps
INHERITANCE
PREPARED BY
MRS. S RATH
PGT BIOLOGY
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DNA (Polynucleotide)
DNA
A DEOXYRIBOSE
NITROGENOUS A PHOSPHATE
PENTOSE
BASE GROUP
SUGAR
PURINE PYRIMIDINE
ADENINE CYTOSINE
GUANINE THYMINE
DNA
RNA
A
NITROGENOUS A PHOSPHATE
PENTOSE
BASE GROUP
SUGAR
PURINE PYRIMIDINE
ADENINE CYTOSINE
GUANINE URACIL
TYPES OF RNA
RNA
TRANSFER/
MESSENGER RIBOSOMAL
SOLUBLE
mRNA rRNA
tRNA
A tRNA MOLECULE
Semiconservative replication of DNA
Meselson- Stahl experiment
(semiconservative replication)
Replication of DNA
(schematic representation)
A TRANSCRIPTION UNIT
A promoter
Structural genes
A terminator
A TRANSCRIPTION UNIT
Transcription
TRANSCRIPTION IN
PROKARYOTES
GENETIC CODE
Codons are triplets
61 codons code for 20 amino acids.
Unambigous – each coden codes for only one/ particular amino
acid.
Degenerate – some amino acids are coded by more than one codon.
Commaless –codons are read in continuous manner in a 5’ to 3’
direction without punctuation
Universal –codes for same amino acid in any organism.
AUG- initiation codon and codes for methionine.
UAA, UAG and UGA are stop codons..
MUTATION
MUATION
Structural gene
Promoter gene
Operator
Regulator gene
Inducer
LAC OPERON IN E.COLI
LAC OPERON IN E.COLI
GOALS OF HUMAN GENOME
PROJECT (HGP)
Extraction
Amplification
Restriction digestion
Separation of DNA sequence/ restriction fragments
Southern blotting
Hybridisation
Autoradiography
USES OF DNA FINGERPRINTING
To identify criminals
To determine the true biological mother or father in case
of disputes
To verify an immigrant, really a close relative of a
resident
To identify racial groups to rewrite the biological
evolution.
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