Physical layer Data unit is Bits

Devices- repeaters, hubs, cables, fibers, wireless

Protocols in physical layers- Bluetooth, PON, OTN, DSL, IEEE.802.11(Wireless), IEEE.802.3, L431, TIA
449
DLL has node to node delivery/ hop to hop delivery.

DLL does physical addressing (MAC(Machine address) Address/ Ethernet address).

DLL data unit is Frames

Devices-Bridges, 2-layer switches, modems, network cards(NIC 48 bit)

DLL protocols- ATM, FDDI, PPP, MAC (Media Access protocol), Ethernet, LADP, LLDP.
Network layer (Packets)

N/w layer does logical addressing (IP address).

N/w layer devices- Routers, Brouters, 3-layer switches.

N/w layer protocols- ARP, RARP, RIP, IP, ICMP, IGMP, IPX, IPSec, Appletalk.

Transport layer (Process to process delivery)

Transport layer(Segments (when TCP is used)/datagrams (when UDP is used))

Transport layer devices- Gateways, Firewalls, Proxy server(HTTP to FTP/Gropher).

Transport layer protocols- TCP, UDP, SPX, SCTP.

Tr layer divides the message into segments and each segment has a sequence no so that the
segments could to organized back to original message. And also if segments are lost sequence no
would be used.

Tr layer has port no which identifies a particular process on the host.

Session layer has synchronization bits also called as checkpoints.

Session layer data unit- data or session.

Session layer devices- gateways, firewalls, logical ports.

Session layer protocols- PAP (Password authentication protocol), SOCKS (Sockets), RPC, NCP, SMB.
Presentation layer data unit- Encoded data/ user data.

This layer deals with syntax and semantics of the data.

Devices used- gateways, firewalls.

Protocols- SSL(Secure Socket Layer), TLS (Transport layer security), MIME, AFP (Apple Filling
Protocol)

See compression standards also.

Application layer data unit- data or message.

Devices- gateways, firewalls and all end devices.

Protocols- DNS, POP, IMAP, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, HTTP, SOAP (Simple Object Access protocol), Telnet,
DHCP, SNMP, SSDP (Simple Service Descriptive protocol).

Repeater-Physical Layer
Bridge-Data Link Layer
HUB-Multiport Repeater-Physical Layer-
Switch-Multiport Bridge-datalink-used for LAN connection
Router-Multiple LAN connection-Network-used for LAN-LAN Comm,WAN Comm
Gateway-all layers

PROTOCOLS and TECHNOLOGIES used in each

LAYER

Application Layers : Http,https,Telnet,Rdp,Smtp,pop3,Smb,Ftp

Presentation Layer: encryption, ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, GIF, PICT, JPEG, MPEG, MIDI
Session Layer : NFS, NetBios names, RPC, SQL,Sockets
Transport Layers :TCP,UDP
Network Layers :IP,ARP,ICMP,RARP
Datalink Layers : PPP, FDDI, ATM, IEEE 802.5/ 802.2,
IEEE 802.3/802.2, HDLC, Frame Relay,
Ethernet,FDDI,Token Ring,802.11 Standards
Physical Layer: Ethernet, FDDI, B8ZS, V.35, V.24, RJ45.

TYPE OF DATA HANDLE

Physical layer –bits
Data link layer-frames
Network layer-datagrams or packet
Transport Layer-Segment
Presentation Layer-Encoded data
Application layer-User data
RESPONSIBILITIES OF EACH LAYER in OSI
Model

Physical layer- Encoding and

Signaling,Transmission modes, Hardware Specifications,
Topology
Data Link Layer- Data Framing, Addressing, Error
Detection and Handling,Flow Control
Network Layer-Logical Addressing ,Routing
Transport Layer- Segmentation and Reassembly,Acknowledgments and Retransmissions,
Flow Control,Error Control,Service Point addressing
Session Layer-Dailog Control(half/full duplex),Synchronization
Presentation Layer-Compression and Encryption,Translation
Application Layer-User applications.