Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chloe Ibardaloza
Ms.Wolke
9 May 2019
Segregation swept the nation throughout the 1950s and 1960s affecting the lives of many
colored people in any way possible. This led students to not be able to have equal opportunities
and equal education as opposed to white students. This forced the country in great disturbance
throughout its segregated neighborhoods, cities, and communities all over the nation. “...the
legacy of segregated neighborhoods created during the era of Reconstruction and Jim Crow laws;
enduring racial preferences among whites who choose to live near other whites people.” (Source
D) As America’s history of de facto segregation seems to be in the shameful past, today it is still
In the act of America trying to desegregate schools by bussing and funding every school
equally, it is very obvious on how there are fine divided lines throughout cities on how well
educated students are or how much funding is placed into their schools. According to a diversity
article on America’s history it states, “In education, a black-white achievement gap persists
largely because the poorest pupils are concentrated in racially homogenous schools where
instruction is overwhelmed by children's out of school challenges; these schools are segregated
because their neighborhoods are segregated.” (Source E) The source here explains how with
education gaps students don’t perform well on tests. Another article states that “U.S schools
have become more segregated since 1990, and students in major metropolitan areas have been
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most severely divided by race and income.” ( Source F) This statement proves that even as the
country is trying to erase segregation, the economic level of white and black families are
drastically different. This results for black students to not be able to have access to the same
education and opportunities as opposed to white students due to their economic class.
The long history of segregated black and white neighborhoods has been put in place by
governmental policies and projects. In an article it claims that “Yet the government built separate
projects for black and whites citizens, determining future residential boundaries.” (Source E)
With the government's involvement in developing neighborhoods that creates segregation among
communities. Another text claims that, “....many urban neighborhoods were integrated because
workers of both races lived in walking distance of downtown factories. The PWA demolished
creating segregation where it had never before existed.” (Source E) The projects and policies
that our lawmakers put in place were rebuilding the wall of segregation that citizens were trying
to break down. The integrated neighborhoods that were in place even before the government had
touched it all had equal opportunities in the workforce. Ever since the government projects for
“erasing slums”, the result of this that segregated neighborhoods are more present.
On the point of black schools not getting enough funds for their schools, it is also
affecting the academics and education certain black schools can benefit from. As reported by the
articles explaining segregation and diversity in America, “ ...noted that racial segregation in
schools has such a severe impact on the test score-gap that it outweighs the positive effects of a
higher family income for minority students...the level of integration was the only school
characteristic that significantly affected student’s learning growth.” (Source F) The source here
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explains how school funding and education that the students receive has a major impact on how
well they perform on tests. Another report states, “Hostile, sometimes fatal confrontations
between police and African American youth might be rarer if the poorest young people were not
better opportunities.” (Source E) These pieces of evidence show how minorities access to jobs
and opportunities are not available to them. Due to the lack of resources and funding schools
may receive. This development over time causes minorities to feel not educated enough on
Some may argue that a handful of communities in the suburbs have lower prices than
the city, which offers more diversity for its population. Although this may be true, the de facto
racism existed in these acts. In an article, it mentions that “is that it was white in the ‘70s and
80s. As the black middle class moved in, the white middle class stopped moving in.” (Source D)
Another article states that “...believing their racial homogeneity is “de facto”, tied to private
prejudice, personal choices, realtor discrimination or income differences that make middle-class
suburbs unaffordable to most African Americans.” (Source E) This proves that most
neighborhoods have racism put in place due to what minorities move into the community. The
prejudice and discrimination that minorities face due to living in segregated communities are not
still evident that de facto segregation is still occurring today in schools, neighborhoods,
communities, etc. The funding for schools depending on what neighborhoods it’s set in, the
government putting in place policies that create segregation in neighborhoods that were never
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exposed to it before, and the levels of education that minorities receive opposed to white
students. All these factors are why de facto segregation is still evident today in our nation. Even
as we strive more towards a less segregated country, we all are more segregated and separated