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Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space

Article  in  Global Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics · January 2017

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Global Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics.
ISSN 0973-1768 Volume 13, Number 9 (2017), pp. 4795-4812
© Research India Publications
http://www.ripublication.com

Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product

Space

Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

Department of Mathematics
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau
Pekanbaru, Indonesia.

Abstract
In this paper we construct a new concept of fuzzy n-normed space and fuzzy
n-inner product space. First, we show that every n-normed space can be
constructed as a fuzzy n-normed space. Then we show that every n-normed
space is a fuzzy n-normed space and every fuzzy n-normed space can also be
reduced to a fuzzy n  1 -normed space. Furthermore, for every n-inner
product space can be constructed a fuzzy n-inner product space. Finally we
show that every n-inner product space is a fuzzy n-inner product space and
every fuzzy n-inner product space is a fuzzy n-normed space.
Keywords: Fuzzy n-normed space, fuzzy n  1 -normed space, fuzzy n-inner
product space

1. INTRODUCTION
Fuzzy set theory was first introduced by L. Zadeh on 1965. This theory continues to
evolve in various disciplines. In mathematics, especially mathematical analysis, fuzzy
concept has been developed in fuzzy n-normed space and fuzzy n-inner product.
Until now, it has been widely found outcomes related to fuzzy normed space and
fuzzy inner product space. It has been proven in [6] that every n-normed space is a
normed space and in [13] and [12] has also been demonstrated that the normed space
and fuzzy normed space is equivalent so that every n-normed space is certainly a
fuzzy normed space. On the other hand, in [15] it has also been demonstrated that the
2-normed spaces and fuzzy 2-normed spaces are also equivalent. However,
unexplored in general how are the relationship between n-normed space with fuzzy
4796 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

n-normed space and fuzzy n-normed space with fuzzy normed space. Moreover, [7]
has proved that every n-inner product space is an n-normed space. And [11] has also
proved that the inner product space and fuzzy inner product space are equivalent.
Moreover, it also has been proven in [15] that every 2-inner product space is a space
fuzzy 2-inner product. However, unexplored in general how are the relationship
between the n-inner product space and fuzzy n- inner product space and fuzzy
n-normed space.
In this paper, first we give a definition of fuzzy n-normed and fuzzy n-inner product
that are different from definition of fuzzy n-normed in [1] and fuzzy n-inner product
in [17] which is also different from the definition put forward by other authors. Then
some theorems are given to shows the relationship among n-normed space, fuzzy
n-normed space, fuzzy normed space, n-inner product and fuzzy n-inner product
space. For more details, one can see a chart in the Figure 1. (Blue arrows show the
new theorem in this paper)

[5] [6]
NS 2NS nNS (n  1)NS

[12,13] [15]
[7]
FNS F2NS FnNS F(n  1)NS
[3] [15]

IPS 2IPS nIPS

[11] [16]
[9,11] [15]

FIPS F2IPS FnIPS

[15]
Notes: nNS: n-Norm Space; FnNS: Fuzzy n-Normed Space;
nIPS: n-Inner Product Space; FnIPS : Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space.

Figure 1. The relationship among n-normed space, fuzzy n-normed space, n-inner
product space and fuzzy n-inner product space

2. DISCUSSION

Let X be any nonempty set. Then a fuzzy set A in X is characterized by a

membership function  A : X  [0,1]. Then A can be written as

A  {( x,  A ( x))| x  X , 0   A ( x)  1}.
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4797

Definition of fuzzy point has been widely discussed by various authors, among others
are as follows [9-13 and 15]:

Definition 1 A Fuzzy point Px in X is a fuzzy set whose membership function is

 if y  x
P ( y)  
x
0 if y  x

for all y  X , where 0    1. We denote fuzzy points as x or ( x,  ).

Definition 2 Two fuzzy points x and y is said equal if x  y and   

where  ,   (0,1].

Definition 3 Let x be a fuzzy point and A be a fuzzy set in X . Then x is

said belong to A or x  A if    A ( x).

Let X be a vector space over a field K and A be a fuzzy set in X . Then A

is said to be a fuzzy subspace in X if for all x, y  X and   K satisfy

(i)  A ( x  y)  min{ A ( x),  A ( y)}

(ii)  A ( x)   A ( x).

Fuzzy normed space is defined in various ways. The definition based on an

instituinistic approach is different from the fuzzy point approach. The following are
given the definition of fuzzy normed space based on the fuzzy point approach as
discussed on [15], and definition of fuzzy normed used in this paper is as given by [1]
and [15].

Definition 4 Let X be a vector space over a field K , and let  f : A  [0, )

be a function that associates each point x in A ,   (0,1] to nonnegative real

number  f
so that

(FN1) x f
 0 if only if x  0.

(FN2)  x f
|  | x f
for all   K .
4798 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

(FN3) x  y f
 x f
 y f
.

(FN4) If 0      1, then x f
 x and there exists 0   n    1, such

that lim xn  x f

. Then  f
is called a fuzzy norm on X and a pair ( X ,  f ) is
n  f

called a fuzzy normed space.

Definition 5 Let n  N dan X be a vector space over R with dim( X )  n.

Define function , , : X  X   X  R with ( x1 , x2 ,..., xn ) x1 , x2 ,..., xn .
n times

Function , ,  is called n-norm on X if for every x1 , x2 ,..., xn , y, z  X satisfying

the conditions:
(nN1) x1 , x2 ,..., xn  0 if only if x1 , x2 ,..., xn linearly dependent.

(nN2) x1 , x2 ,..., xn invariant under permutation.

(nN3) x1 , x2 ,...,  xn |  | x1 , x2 ,..., xn for any   R.

(nN4) x1 , x2 ,..., xn1 , y  z  x1 , x2 ,..., xn1, y  x1, x2 ,..., xn1, z .

A pair ( X ; , ,  ) is called n-normed space.

From definition of n-norm and fuzzy norm on X above, based on the n-normed
construction on [6], the author constructs a new function to produce a new space that
called fuzzy n-normed as follows.

Definition 6 Let n  N and X be a vector space over R. Define function

, ,  f : A A  A  0,  
n times

where

( x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) ) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))
f

with  (i )   0,1 and x(i )  A for i  1, 2,...n. Function

(i ) , , f
is called Fuzzy
n-normed if satisfy the conditions :

(FnN1) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  0 if only if x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n) linearly dependent.
f
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4799

(FnN2) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) invariant under permutation.

f

(FnN3) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., rx( n( n)) | r | x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) for r  R.
f f

(FnN4) x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  z  x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , z .
f f f

(FnN5) If 0  i   (i )  1 for i  1, 2,..., n then

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n))  x(1)1 , x(2)2 ,..., x( nn )

f f

and there exist 0   m(i )   (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n and m  N such that

lim x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n))  x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n)) .
m m m m f f

A pair ( X , ,  f ) is called Fuzzy n-Normed Space.

In [13], [12] and [10] it is proved that every normed space is fuzzy normed space.
Conversely is also true. In other side, in [15] it is also mentioned that 2-normed space
and fuzzy 2-normed space is equivalent. The following is given a theorem that
ensures that any every n-normed spaces is fuzzy n-normed space.

Theorem 7 Let n  N , X be a vector space over R and dim( X )  n. Suppose

( X ; ,...,  ) is n-normed space. Define

1
x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  x(1) , x (2) ,..., x( n)
f 
 
where   max  1 ,  2  , ,  n  . Then ( X ,...,  f ) is fuzzy n-normed space.

Proof. Suppose x(i()i ) , y , z  A ,  (i )  (0,1] for i  1, 2,..., n and r  R. Then

1
(FnN1) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) 0 x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n)  0
f 
 x (1) , x (2) ,..., x( n )  0
 x (1) , x (2) ,..., x( n ) are linearly dependent.

(FnN2) Since x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n ) is invariant under permutation, then

4800 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) is invariant under permutation.

f

1
(FnN3) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., rx( n( n))  x(1) , x(2) ,..., rx( n)
f 
1
 | r | x( 1 ) , x ( 2 ,) . . nx. , ( )


1
| r | x( 1 ) , x ( 2 ,) . . nx. , ( )


| r | x( (11) ) , x ( (22 ),) . . nx.n , (
(
)
)
f

(FnN4) x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  z  x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) ,( y  z) with   max{ ,  )
f

1
 x ( 1 ,...,
)
x n ( , 1y ) z and   max{ ,..., 
(1 ) n
, }( 1 )



1

x (1 )
,..., x n ( , 1y )  x ,...,
( 1 ) n
x , z(  1 )

1 1
 x ( 1 ,...,
)
x n ( , 1y )  ( 1 ) n
x ,..., x , z( 1 )

 
1 1
 x ( 1 ,...,
)
x n ( , 1y )  ( 1 ) n
x ,..., x , z( 1 )

1 2
( n 1)
 x ( 1 ,...,
(1)
) x n ( , 1y)  x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , z
f f

where 1  max{ ,...,  (1) n (

,  } and  2  max{ ,...,
1) (1)
 n
,  (} 1)

(FnN5) Suppose   max {i } and   max { (i ) }.

i{1,..., n} i{1,..., n}

1 1
If 0  i   (i )  1 for i  1, 2,..., n , then    , such that  . Then
 
1
x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n))  x (1) , x (2) ,..., x ( n )
f 
1
 x (1) , x (2) ,..., x ( n )

 x(1)1 , x(2)2 ,..., x( nn ) .
f

Further, suppose Hi  {r | 0  r   (i ) } for i  1, 2,..., n. Since H i is bounded, then

there is a sequence   di (i )
m Hi for i  1, 2,..., n that converges. Construct
 m(i) 1   (i )
sequence   (i )
m where  (i )
m 
2
for i  1, 2,..., n. Then sequence  
(i )
m
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4801

converges to  (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n. If  m  max { m(i ) } and   max { (i ) }, then

i{1,..., n} i{1,..., n}

sequence  m  converges to  such that

1
lim x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n) )  lim x (1) , x (2) ,..., x ( n )
m  m m m f m  m
1
 x (1) , x (2) ,..., x ( n )

 x( (11),) x ( (2.2 ).) . x,nn (
(
)
) .
f

In [6], it is described that every n-normed space is norm space. The following
is given a theorem which states that fuzzy n-normed space is fuzzy normed space.

Theorem 8 Let ( X , ,...,  f ) be a fuzzy n-normed space for all n  2. Define

x f
 x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a( n( n))
f f

where a(1) ,..., a( n )

(1) (n) are linearly independent vectors. Then ( X , . f ) is fuzzy
normed space.

Proof. (FN1) If x  0 then obviously x f

 0. If x f
0 then

x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a( n( n))  0. Since x , a( n( n) )  0, then x , a( n( n)) linearly
f f

dependent. But, since a( n ) (n) linearly independent, then x  t a( n ) for some t  R. (n)

Since x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  0, then

f

ta( n( n) ) , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1) 0

f

| t | a( n( n) ) , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  0.

f

In other side, since a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n)) are linearly independent vectors. Then
a( n( n)) , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  0 so must necessarily | t | 0 or t  0. Consequently,
f

x  t a( n( n))  0a( n( n))  0.

(FN2)  x f
  x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)   x , a( n( n))
f f
4802 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

|  | x a, ( (11) ) , .a.n.n(,( 1 )
1 )   x|  a|nn (,( )
)
f f


|  | x a, ( (11) ) , .a.n.n(,( 1 )
f
 x a
1 ) | nn ,( (
f  )
)

|  | x f
.

(FN3) x  y f
 x  y , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x  y , a( n( n))
f f

 x , a( (11) ), . . .an,n( ( 1 )

1 )   y 
a, (1 )
( 1 ) , .nan. . , ( ( 11 )) x nna , (
(
)
) 
y n
n a, (
(
)
)
f f f f

 x , a( (11) ), . . .an,n( ( 1 )

1 )   x 
an,n (
( ))  y ,a ( 1 ) n
( 1 ), . n.a. , ( (

1 )
1 )

y n
n a, (
(
)
)
f f f f

 x f
 y f

(FN4) If 0      1 then use (FnN4),

x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1) and x , a( n( n))  x , a( n( n)) .
f f f f

So that

x f
 x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a( n( n))  x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a( n( n) )  x f
.
f f f f

Further, there exist 0   m(i )   (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n and m  N so using (FnN5),

lim xm , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1) and lim x m , a( n( n) )  x , a( n( n) ) .
m m m f f m m f f

So that

lim x m  lim  x m , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  x m , a( n( n)) 


m  f m   m m f m f 
 lim x m , a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n1)1)  lim x m , a( n( n))
m  m m f m  m f

( n 1)
 x , a (1) ,..., a ( n1)
(1)
 x , a ( n ) (n)
f f

 x f
.

In [6], it be proved that every n-normed space is (n-1) normed space. The
following, we will proof a theorem which states that every fuzzy n-normed space is
fuzzy (n-1) normed space.
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4803

Theorem 9 Let ( X , ,...,  f ) be fuzzy n-normed space for all n  2. Define

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1)



f
 max
i{1,..., n} x (1)
 (1)
, x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i )
f


where a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n) ) are linearly independent vectors. Then ( X , .,...,. f ) is fuzzy
(n-1)-normed space.
Proof.
(1) If x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n1) are linearly dependent, then x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i ) for
(1) ( 2) ( n1)

i  1,..., n are linearly dependent too so that x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i )  0 for
f


i  1,..., n. As a result, x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1)  0. Conversely, if
f

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1)  0, then x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i ) 0 for i  1,..., n.
f f

Then x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i ) for i  1,..., n are linearly dependent. Since
a(1)(1) ,..., a( n( n) ) are linearly independent vectors, then we must have
x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) linearly dependent.

(2) Since x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a( i()i ) is invariant under permutations, then
f


x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) is invariant under permutations too.
f

(3) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., rx( n( n1)1)



f
 max  x , x ,..., rx , a 
i{1,..., n}
(1)
 (1)
(2)
 ( 2)
( n 1)
 ( n1)
(i)
 ( i) f

 max | r | x , x ,..., x ,a 
(1)
 (1)
(2)
 ( 2)
( n 1)
 ( n1)
(i )
 (i) f
i{1,..., n}

| r | m a x x x, , .x. . , a , 
(1) (2) n (
n (
1)i ( )
i{ 1 , .n. . , }    
(1) ( 2 ) 1) i ( )
f

| r | x( 1( 1) ) , x( (22) ), . .. , xnn( ( 1)
1) for all r  R.
f

(4) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , y  z



f
 max
i{1,..., n} x (1)
 (1)
, x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , y  z , a( i()i )
f

 max x
i{1,..., n}
(1)
 (1)
, x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , y , a(i()i )
f
 x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , z , a( i()i )
f

 max  x (1)
 (1)
, x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , y , a(i()i )  max x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , z , a( i()i ) 
i{1,..., n} f i{1,..., n} f
 
 x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , y  x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n2)2) , z
f f
4804 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

(5) If 0  i   (i )  1 for i  1, 2,..., n  1 then

x(1)( 1 ,) x(2) ..., ( n 1)

( 2 ) x n


(
f x
1 ) max
i{1,..., n}
(1)

, x(2)( 1,...,
) x( n( n21)) , a(i )i
f
(  1 ) ( )

 max  x (1)
1 , x(2)2 ,..., x( nn11) , a(i()i ) 
i{1,..., n} f

 x(1)1 , x(2)2 ,..., x( nn11)
f

and there exist 0   m(i )   (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n  1 and 0  m(i )   (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n
and m  N such that

lim x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n1)1)

m m m m


f
 lim max
m i{1,..., n} x (1)
 m(1)
, x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i )
m m m f


 max lim x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i )
i{1,..., n} m m m m m f

 max
i{1,..., n} x (1)
 (1)
, x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , a(i()i )
f


 x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n1)1)
f

Corollary 10 Every fuzzy n-normed space is a fuzzy n  r  -normed space for

r  1,..., n  1. In particular, every fuzzy n-normed space is a fuzzy normed space.

Proof. This is a direct result of Theorem 9.

Corollary 11 Every n-normed space is a fuzzy normed space.

Proof. Apply Theorem 7 dan 8.

Whereas the relationship between the normed space and the fuzzy normed space
and vice versa has been discussed in [5] and [6].

Theorem 12 Let ( X , . ) be a normed space. Define x f

 1 x for all x  X
where   (0,1]. Then ( X , . f ) is a fuzzy normed space.
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4805

Theorem 13 Let ( X , . f ) be fuzzy normed space. Define x  x1 f

 ( x,1) f

for all x  X . Then ( X , . ) is a norm space.

Corollary 14 Every fuzzy n-normed space is a norm space.

Proof. Apply Corollary 10 dan Theorem 13.

The following is given the definition of n-inner product that is different from the
definition in [7] and [2].

Definition 15 Let n  N and n  2 , X be a vector space over R and

dim( X )  n. Function , , ,  : X  X    X  R is called n-inner product on
n1 times

X if for every x1 , x2 ,..., xn , y, z  X satisfy the conditions :

(nIP1) x1 , x1 | x2 ,..., xn  0 and

x1 , x1 | x2 ,..., xn  0 if only if x1 , x2 ,..., xn linearly dependent.

(nIP2) x1 , y | x2 ,..., xn  y, x1 | x2 ,..., xn .

(nIP3) x1 , y | x2 ,..., xn invariant under permutation x2 ,..., xn .

(nIP4) x1 , x1 | x2 ,..., xn  x2 , x2 | x1 , x3 ,..., xn .

(nIP5)  x1 , x1 | x2 ,..., xn   x1 , x1 | x2 ,..., xn for   R.

(nIP6) y  z, x1 | x2 ,..., xn  y, x1 | x2 ,..., xn  z, x1 | x2 ,..., xn .

A pair ( X , ,  | , ,  ) is called n-inner product space.

Definition 16 Let X be a vector space over K  C atau K  R. Define function

,  f
: A A  K with x , y f
 x, y ( ) for every x , y  A, where

  min{ ,  }, and  ,   (0,1]. For every x , y , z  A,   min{ ,  ,  }

and  ,  ,   (0,1]. Function ,  f
is called fuzzy inner product if it satisfies the
conditions:
4806 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

(FIP1) x, x ( )  0 and x, x ( )  0 if only if x  0.

(FIP2) x, y ( )  y, x ( ) .

(FIP3) rx, y ( )  r x, y ( ) for r  K .

(FIP4) x  y, z ( )  x, z ( )  y, z ( ).

(FIP5) If 0      1 then x, x ( )  x, x ( ) , and there exist 0   n   so that

lim x, x ( n )  x, x ( ).
n

A pair ( X , ,  f ) is called fuzzy inner product space.

From definition of n-inner product and fuzzy inner product on X above, can be
constructed a new function called fuzzy n-inner product as follows.

Definition 17 Let n  N and n  2 , X be a vector space over R and

dim( X )  n. Define function

, , ,  : A  A    A  0, 
~ ~ ~
n1 times

with

x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )
f

where   min { (i ) },  (i )   0,1 and ( x(i ) )  A for i  1, 2,...n.

(i ) Function
i(1,..., n}

,  | , , is called fuzzy n-inner product if it satisfies the conditions :

(FnIP1) x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  0 for x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n)  P( X ) and

x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  0 if only if x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n) are linearly
dependent.

(FnIP2) x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )  y, x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( ) where   min { (i ) ,  }.

i(1,..., n}

(FnIP3) x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( ) invariant under permutation where

  min { (i ) ,  }.
i(1,..., n}

(FnIP4) x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )  x(2) , x(2) | x(1) , x(3) ,..., x( n) ( ) .
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4807

(FnIP5) rx(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )  r x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( ) for r  R.

(FnIP6) x(1)  z, y | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )  x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )  z, y | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( ).

where   imin
(1,..., n}
{ (i ) ,  ,  }.

(FnIP7) If 0      1 then

x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n ) (  )  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( )

and there exist 0  m   so that

lim x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) ( m )  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) (  ).

m

A pair ( X , ,  | , ,  f ) is called fuzzy n-inner product space.

In [11] it is proved that every inner product space is fuzzy inner product space.
Conversely is also true. The following is provided theorem that ensure that every
n-inner product space is fuzzy n-inner product space.

Theorem 18 Let ( X , ,  | , ,  ) be a n-inner product space. Define

1
x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x(1)(1)  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) , , x( n) ( )  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) , , x( n) .
f 
Then ( X ; ,  | , ,  f ) is a fuzzy n-inner product space.

1
Proof. (FnIP1) x(1) , x(1) | x(2) , , x ( n ) ( )  x(1) , x(1) | x(2) , , x( n)  0.

1
x (1) , x (1) | x (2) , , x ( n ) ( )  0  x (1) , x (1) | x (2) , , x( n)  0

 x (1) , x (1) | x (2) , , x( n)  0
 x (1) x (2) , , x( n) linearly dependent.

1
(FnIP2) x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n)

4808 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

1
 y, x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n )

 y, x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n ) ( ).

(FnIP3) Applying (nIP3), that is x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n ) is invariant under permutation
1
x(2) ,..., x( n) . Then x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  x(1) , y | x(2) ,..., x( n) invariant under

permutation where   min { (i ) ,  }.
i(1,..., n}

1
(FnIP4) x(1) , x(1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n ) ( )  x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n )

1
 x ( 2 ,) x ( 2 )
| x ,( 1x ) , .( .3n.)x, ( )


 x ( 2 ,) x ( 2| )x ,( 1x ) , .( .3 n.)x,  ( ( ) ) .

1
(FnIP5) rx(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  rx(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n)

1
 r x( 1 ,) x ( |1 ) x ,( .2 .) .nx, ( )


1
r x( 1 ,) x ( |1 ) x ,( .2 .) .nx, ( )
.

 r x( 1 ,) x ( |1 ) x ,( .2 .) .nx, ( )( ) f o 
r ra l l .

1
(FnIP6) x(1)  z, y | x(2) ,..., x( n ) ( )  x(1)  z, y | x(2) ,..., x( n )



1

x ( 1 )
, y |x , . x. .n , ( ) z y x,
( 2 )
| ( 2 )n

x , . . . ,( )

1 1)
 x ( 1 ,) y | x (,...,
2 )
x n ( z , y | x ,...,( x2 )n ( )

 
 x , y | x ,..., x
( 1 ) ( 2 ) n
( )  z, y | x ,...,( x2 )n ( ).(
( ) )

where   min { (i ) ,  ,  }.
i(1,..., n}

1 1
(FnIP7) If 0      1 then  . We get
 
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4809

1 1
x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n )  x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n )
 
x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n ) (  )  x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n ) ( )

and there exists 0  m   with  m converges to  . So that

1
lim x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n ) ( m )  lim x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n)
m  m  m
1
 x (1) , x (1) | x (2) ,..., x ( n )


 x(1) , x(1) | x(2) ,..., x( n) (  ).

In [11] it is proved that every fuzzy inner product space is fuzzy normed space.
However, conversely is not true. For example, one can see in [9]. In other side, in [15]
it proved that fuzzy 2-inner product space is fuzzy 2-normed space, but for general
case has not yet provided. The following is given a theorem which ensures that every
fuzzy n-inner product space is a fuzzy n-normed space.

Theorem 19 Let ( X , ,  | , ,  f ) be a fuzzy n-inner product space for n  1.

Define
1

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x( n( n))
2

f f

with  (i )   0,1 and x(i )  A for i  1, 2,...n.

(i ) then ( X ; ,...,  f ) is a fuzzy
n-normed space.

Proof .(FnN1) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  0  x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x( n( n)) 0
f f

 x(1) , x(2) ,..., x( n) linearly dependent.

(FnN2) x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n)) invariant under permutation.

f

(FnN3) rx(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ,..., x( n( n))  rx(1)(1) , rx(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x( n( n))
2

f f
4810 Mashadi and Abdul Hadi

 
1
2
 r x(1)(1) , rx(1)(1) | x(2)( 2 ) , , x( n( n) )
f

  r rx 
1
2
(1) (1) (2) (n)
 (1)
, x (1) | x ( 2 ) , , x ( n )
f

 r x 
1
2
2 (1) (1) (2) (n)
 (1)
, x (1) | x ( 2 ) , , x ( n )
f
1

| r | x(1)(1) ,  x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2 ) , , x( n( n) )

2

| r | x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2 ) ,..., x( n( n) ) for all r  R.

f

   
2 2
(FnN4) x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  z  y  z , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)
f f

 y  z , y  z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f

 y , y  z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  z , y  z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f f

 y  z , y | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  y  z , z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f f

 y , y | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  z , y | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  y , z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f f f

 z , z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f

 y , y | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  2 y , z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)  z , z | x(1)(1) , , x( n( n1)1)

f f f
2 2
 y , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)  2 y , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) z , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)  z , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)
f f f f

 
2
 y , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)  z , x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1)
f f

 x .
2
(1)
 (1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , z
f f

so that

x (1)
 (1)
,..., x( n( n1)1) , y  z
f  x (1)
 (1)
,..., x( n( n1)1) , y
f
 x(1)(1) ,..., x( n( n1)1) , z
f
.

(FnN5) If 0  i   (i )  1 for i  1, 2,..., n then

1

x(1)(1) , x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n))  x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x( n( n))
2

f f
1

 x(1)1 , x(1)1 | x(2)2 , , x( nn )

2

 x(1)1 , x(2)2 ,..., x( nn ) .

f
Fuzzy n-Normed Space and Fuzzy n-Inner Product Space 4811

and there exist 0   m(i )   (i ) for i  1, 2,..., n and m  N so that

1

 lim x (1) , x (1) | x ( 2) ..., x ( n )

2
(1) (2) (n) (1) (1) (2) ( n)
lim x (1) , x ( 2) ..., x ( n )
m  m m m f m  m m m m f
1

  lim x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) ..., x( n( n)) 2


 m m m m m f 
1

 x(1)(1) , x(1)(1) | x(2)( 2) , , x( n( n))

2

 x( (11),) x ( (2.2 ).) . x,nn (

(
)
) .
f

Corollary 20 Every n-inner product space is fuzzy n-normed space.

Proof. Apply Theorem 18 and 19.

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