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Pesin [3] has proven theorems ofalgeneral nature which rely on measure theoretic
techniques. Pesin's results have been extended in [5]. The results described in
the present paper were arrived at by the two authors along different paths. The
first author starting from a treatment of differentiable maps in Hilbert space [6]
specializes to the finite dimensional case while the second starting from seminar
We say that a map is of class C r'e if its r-th derivative is Holder contin-
follows class C will mean class C r'e with integer r ~ i and @ E (0,1], or
morphie].
Furthermore f ~ = ~ f
ergodic theorems *~). Our main results are the stable and unstable manifold
theorems in (4), (5). It is likely that these results extend to general local
s E [0,m], reals (i) > ... > (s) , and spaces T M = V (I) D ... D V (s) D v(S+l)
x x x x
D [0} such t h a t
lim i log I~fn(x)ull = ~ (r) if u ~ V x(r) \ v(r+l)
n x
n4~
for r = 1,...,s, and
-- = - V (s+l)
lim 1 log [ fn¢x)ull ® if u x
n.b¢o n
The functions x .~ s, ( i ) (s) V(1) ,V (s) are B o r e l and x 4 s,
*''*'~ ' X D''" X
s ~ [0,m], ~(i) > ... > ~ (s) and [0} = ~ (0) C ~ (i) c • .. c ~ (s) cT M
~ ~ x
x x x 0
(u), it is u n i q u e and
n
(r)
lim --1 log I~ II = -~ if u Eg(r) \v(r-1)
n n 0 ~
n4~ X X
for r = 1,...,s.
f - l n v R r i a n t p r o b a b i l i t y m e a s u r e s on M. A l m o s t e v e r y w h e r e w i t h respect to every
(r)
f-invariant p r o b a b i l i t y m e a s u r e ~ , the q u a n t i t i e s s 0 ~ , ~ • ~ ,
(r) ~ (r)
dim V (r+l) o c c u r r i n g in (1) are equal to s, ~ , m - d i m .(.) in (2). This
~(.)
(r)
justifies the c o n f u s i o n in n o t a t i o n for s and
391
retaining the properties of (i) one may construct Borel functions 8 > ~ > 0 on
(c) If x ~ ~ , then G~fnx), 8(fnx) decrease less fast with n than the
exponential e -n@ .
raining the properties of (2), one may construct Borel functions ~> ~> 0 and
and y w~ is a C-submanifold of the ball [ Y E M" d(Xo,Y) ~ ~(x~ ,~. For each
392
exponential e -n®
(6) Global stable and unstable manifolds exist under obvious transversality
(7) The results described above for maps apply immediately to flows, via a
time T map.
REFERENCES
[i] M. Hirsch, C. Pugh and M. Shub, Invariant manifolds, Lecture Notes in Math.
numbers for dynamical systems. Trudy Moskov., Mat. Obsc. 19, 179-210
(19681. English transl. Trans. Moscow Math. Soe., i__99, 197-221 (1968).
characteristic exponents. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 40 no. 69 1332-
1379. (1976) 9 English transl. Math. USSSR izv. i__O0,no. 6, 1261-1305 (1976).