Lesson 14: Conical Surface

INTRODUCTION

This module deals primarily with the solids particularly a cone. Moreover, this
lesson answers the following questions: what is a conical surface; what is a cone; how
to solve the lateral and total surface of a cone as well as the volume of a cone.

With the activities provided in this module, may you find this material engaging
and challenging as it develops your critical-thinking and problem-solving skills in
answering conical surfaces and cones.

Objectives

At the end of the lesson you will be able to:

 define what is conical surface, cone and its properties; and

 solve problems involving surface areas and volume of a cone.

References

Kern, W. F., & Bland, J. R. (1938). Solid Mensuration with proofs. U.S.A: New York
JohnWiley & Sons, Inc.

Math 10 Unit 2 LM. (2015, August 30). Retrieved from SlideShare.com:

https://www.slideshare.net/HarryFox12/math-10-unit-2-lm

Surface Area of a Cone. (2018). Retrieved from Web Formulas.com version 2.0:
https://www.webformulas.com/Math_Formulas/Geometry_Surface_of_Cone.a
spx

Varsity Tutors. (2007). Retrieved from Varsity Tutors:

https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/cone

Volume of a Cone. (2018). Retrieved from Web Formulas.com version 2.0:

https://www.webformulas.com/Math_Formulas/Geometry_Surface_of_Cone.a
spx
Definition of Terms

Conical Surface – A conical surface is a surface generated by a moving straight line

(generator) which always intersects a fixed plane curve (directrix) and which
always passes through a fixed point (vertex) not in the plane of the curve. (Kern
& Bland, 1938)

Cone – A cone is a solid composed of a circle and its interior (base), a given point
not on the plane of the circle (vertex) and all the segments from the point to
the circle. (Varsity Tutors, 2007)

Lateral Surface Area (LSA) – Is the area of the lateral or side surface only

Total Surface Area (TSA) – Is the sum of the area of its base and the lateral(side)
surface.

Volume (V)– It is the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as

measured in cubic units.

Properties:

CONICAL SURFACE

1. An element of a conical surface is the generator

in any particular position.
2. Any line, not an element, tangent to any curve on
a conical surface is tangent to the surface.
3. A plane is tangent to a conical surface if it contains
an element of the conical surface and a line
tangent to the surface.
Figure 1. A circular conical surface

CONE

1. The altitude of a cone is the perpendicular distance from

The vertex to the plane of the base.
2. Every section of a cone made by a plane passing through
its vertex and containing two points of the base is a triangle.
3. The axis of a cone is the straight line joining the vertex
 with the center of the base (if the base has a center).
4. A right section of a cone is a section perpendicular to its
Axis and cutting all the elements.
5. A circular cone is a cone whose right section is a circle.

Activity 1: Solve Them, then Fill Me Up

Consider the given illustrations of a cone and fill in the table below.

Cone Lateral Surface Area Total Surface Area Volume

1
2
3

Cone No. 1 Cone No. 2

8 cm

10 cm

Cone No. 3

12 m

2m

Did you answer each item correctly? Do you remember how to solve the lateral surface area,
total surface area and volume of a cone? Formulas, examples and steps in solving the
surface area and volume of a cone were presented below.
Steps in Solving the Lateral Surface Area of a Cone:

First Step: Determine the radius and slant height of the cone.
Second Step: Multiply the values of the radius, slant height and the value of pi (𝜋).

The formula for the Lateral Surface Area (LSA) of a cone is ≈ 3.14 times the radius
times the slant height and the final formula is given by:

𝐿𝑆𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟𝑙

Example 1: Height and radius of the cone is 5 yard and 7 yard. Find the lateral surface
area of the given cone.
Solution: Lateral surface area of a cone = 𝜋𝑟𝑙
Step 1: Determine the slant height of the cone
l2 = h2 + r2
l2 = 7 2 + 5 2
l2 = 49 + 25
l = 8.6

Step 2: Solve for the LSA.

LSA = πrl
LSA = 3.14 × 7 × 8.6
LSA =189.03 yd2
So, the lateral surface area of the cone = 189.03 squared yard.

Steps in Solving the Total Surface Area of a Cone:

First step: Measure or determine the radius of the circle part of the cone(base).
Second Step: Find the area of the circle, or base.
 The area of a circle is approximately 3.14 times the radius squared (πr2).
Third Step: Now, you will need to find the TSA of the cone itself. In order to do
this, you must measure or determine the side (slant height) of the cone.
(Note: Make sure you use the same form of measurement as the radius)
 The formula for the Total Surface Area (TSA) of a cone is ≈3.14 times the radius
squared times the side or the lateral surface area of a cone (πrl) and the final
formula is given by:
𝑇𝑆𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟𝑙

Example 2: A cone has a radius of 3cm and height of 5cm, find total surface area
of the cone.
Solution:
To begin with we need to find slant height of the cone, which is determined by using
Pythagoras, since the cross section is a right triangle.
l2 = h2 + r2
l2 = 5 2 + 3 2
l2 = 25 + 9
l = √(34)
l = 5.83 cm
And the total surface area of the cone is:
SA = πr2 + πrl
SA = π · r · (r + l)
SA = π · 3 · (3 + 5.83)
SA = 83.17 cm2
Therefore, the total surface area of the cone is 83.17cm2

Volume of a Cone:

r: the radius of the base

h: height
s: slant height
 𝟏
The volume of a cone is given by: 𝑽 = 𝝅 𝒓𝟐 𝒉 ∙ where πr2 is the base area
𝟑

of the cone.

π defines the ratio of any circle's circumference to its diameter and is

approximately equal to 3.141593, however the value 3.14 is often used.

Example 3: Find the volume of a cone, whose diameter is 8 cm and the height is 11
cm.

Solution:

𝟏
𝑽 = 𝟑 𝝅 𝒓𝟐 𝒉
*r is the determine by D/2, which is: 8cm / 2 = 4cm, insert the value of r we
have:
V = π ∙ 42 ∙ 11 / 3
V = 552.64/3 cm3
V = 184.21 cm3

Thus the volume of the cone is 184.21 cm3.

Activity 2: Solve Me.

1. If the height of a cone is 15 cm and its volume is 770 cu. cm; find the radius of
its base.
2. A conical pile of sand 6 ft. in height has a volume of 27 cubic feet. If the bottom
of pile is on level ground, how much ground does it cover?

3. A right triangle ABC with sides 5cm, 12cm and 13 cm is revolved about the side
12 cm. Find the volume of the solid so obtained.

In this activity, you were given the opportunity to broaden your knowledge about
conical surface and cones and apply all the necessary steps and formula in solving
the surface area and volume of a cone.
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Niña Mae B. Rodriguez

Date of Birth: February 06, 1997
Address: P-12 Thomas Claudio Maguinda, Butuan City
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Name of Parents: Mr. Nilo L. Rodriguez
Mrs. Liza B. Rodriguez
Place of Birth: P-12 Thomas Claudio Maguinda, Butuan City

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Datu Santiago B. Ecleo Sr. Memoriakl Elementary School
P-1 Maguinda, Butuan City
S.Y. 2003-2009
Secondary: Maguinda National High School
P- 16 Maguinda, Butuan City
S.Y 2009-2013
Tertiary: Caraga State University – Main Campus
Ampayon, Butuan City
S.Y. 2013 – 2017
Degree: Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Mathematics

Graduate Studies: Caraga State University – Main Campus

Ampayon, Butuan City
S.Y. 2018 - Present