English Summary Highlighted

1.
ENVIRONMENT
Section C
[25 marks]
[Time suggested : 50 minutes]
Questions 26 to 31 are based on the following passage.
1 All kinds of celebrations are going on around the world to create
awareness about tigers. Unfortunately, deep in the Malayan rainforest,
there are no celebrations. It is just another day as the future of my tribe
and fellow forest dwellers seem grim.
2 I wanted to make my day a bit cheerful by hoping to have a sambar 5

deer for lunch but I have not spotted one in weeks. I have to settle for
a goat which isn’t a favourite dish on a festive day in the jungle. As I
finish my simple meal and survey the jungle around me, a shiver runs
down my spine when I see the near emptiness of my surroundings. It
makes me think how one species is driving biodiversity loss at an 10
unprecedented rate. Man’s reckless actions are leaving devastating
impacts on this fragile planet.
3 My tribe, the iconic Malayan Tiger that is known as king of the

tropical jungle, is fast disappearing along with the other forest dwellers.
In fact, in my lifetime I have seen the Sumatran rhinoceros fade into 15
extinction in the Malayan peninsula. I have been told that during my
forefathers’ era, we too had the Javan rhinoceros but they were driven
to extinction in the 1930s by merciless game hunting when this land
was ruled by people from a far-off country.
4 The fate of the Sumatran rhino is a sad story. It evokes many 20

emotions in me – anger, sadness, sense of loss and depression. They
were driven to extinction probably because of change in land use,
poaching and lack of knowledge. As I reminisce about my Javan and
Sumatran rhino friends, the fate of my own tribe comes to my mind. In
fact, I have just come back after roaming the forest and it’s scary that I 25
have not met any of my buddies for quite a while. I hope they are fine.
5 We, tigers have been hunted by man relentlessly. We are also being
poached mercilessly for our body parts which are being processed into
luxury decorative items and medicinal remedies.
6 My wise grandfather told me that in the 1970s there were about 30

3,000 of us gracefully roaming in the Malayan peninsula. Now, only 10
percent of that number remains. If there is no action taken by the
relevant authorities to save us, I am certain my tribe will be at the brink
1
of extinction in peninsular Malaysia by 2030. I pray this does not
happen. 35
7 The forest spirit has urged me to be optimistic on this auspicious

day. I am sure since Malaysia’s football team is named after us and
one prominent bank also uses us on their logo, Malaysians will not let
us fade from this land. I am not being self-centred in asserting the need
to save my tribe. We, tigers are an umbrella species. Saving us saves 40
biodiversity, the ecosystem and all my fellow forest dwellers. This in
return ensures the continued ecosystem services which man heavily
relies on for their well-being and material progress. I hope man realises
we are all connected in this fragile web of life and that conservation is
development too. 45
8 I end this lengthy roar by extending my appreciation for the

continued efforts taken by the government, NGO’s and other
stakeholders in trying to save us and the flora and fauna of this beautiful
country. On behalf of my tribe, I salute all of you. It is our hope that we
will continue to roam this land forever. Happy Tiger’s Day! 50
26 From paragraph 1, why is the celebration for Tiger’s Day held?
……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
27 From paragraph 2,
(a) what did the tiger have for lunch?
……………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]
(b) who does the one species refer to?
………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 3, which word means ancestors?
………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, state two reasons that have caused the Sumatran rhinos
cease to exist.
(i)…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(ii)…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
2
29 (a) From paragraph 5, why are tigers hunted?
………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 6, what could possibly save the tigers?
………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
30 What do you think the tiger feels of its future? Give one reason.
Feeling : ……………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]
Reason : ………………………………………………………………….…[1 mark]
31 The Malayan tiger and other forest dwellers face a grim future.
Based on the passage, write a summary on the problems faced by the Malayan
tiger and other animals.
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the
original meaning.
Your summary must

 be in continuous writing form (not note form)
 use materials from line 5 to 26
 not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below.
Begin your summary as follows:

The tiger wanted to have a sambar deer for lunch …
[15 marks]
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4
Answers for Questions 26 to 30
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26 to create awareness about tigers
27 a) goat
b) man
28 a) forefathers
b) i) change in land use

ii) poaching
iii) lack of knowledge
(any two)
29 a) for their body parts
b) action taken by the relevant

authorities
30 Possible answers:
Feelings : optimistic/fearful/worried/ scared
Reason: might become extinct/ there is chance to live
(Any other plausible feelings with logical reason
5
Answers for Question 31 : SUMMARY CONTENT
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 have not spotted one in weeks
C2 goat is not a favourite dish
C3 surrounding is empty
C4 biodiversity loss at an unprecedented rate
C5 man’s reckless action
C6 tigers fast disappearing
C7 other forest dwellers
C8 Sumatran rhino fade into extinction
C9 change in land use
C10 poaching
C11 lack of knowledge
C12 tigers have been hunted by man relentlessly
C13 being poached for body parts
Note :
 The pronoun I should be changed to third person.

 If the candidate uses the pronoun I, penalise the first content mark.
6
2. ENVIRONMENT
Section C
[25 marks]
[Time suggested: 50 minutes]
Questions 26 – 31 are based on the following passage.
1 Three patients stand in a sunny spot outside a small hospital building. Behind
them is impenetrable northern Thai jungle. They are malnourished drug addicts,
gaunt but nonetheless huge, and attached to drips to speed their rehabilitation.
What is odd about these addicts is that they are elephants. These animals are
shocking reminders that the global battle against drug addiction is not just about 5
humans.
2 The hospital, among four in this Southeast Asian nation, is devoted to the
treatment of sick elephants. It also boasts a pharmacy and a department for fitting
artificial limbs. It sits next door to the 121-hectare Thai Elephant Conservation
Centre. Established 23 years ago, the conservation centre is a major tourist 10
attraction and is government-run. Among the 50 elephants housed at the centre
are four white elephants that belong to the king. The most famous is 53-year-old
Motala, who has a prosthetic leg after losing the limb to a land mine across the
Myanmar border.
3 Not all hospitalised elephants, usually only about three at a time, are drug- 15
addicted. There are also some with symptoms of stress manifested by
disobedience. These are usually from cities. It might be caused by car fumes and
industrial pollution. They are kept in the jungle behind the hospital, given good
diets with vitamin supplements. Within a few weeks they are better. It is
recommended that their owners do not return them to the city. 20
4 In the case of the drug-addicted elephants, it is usually amphetamines. The

doctors do not give them ever-reducing doses of addictive drugs to wean them off,
instead, they stop these drugs altogether. Then they sometimes have to give the
elephants tranquillisers to calm them. Otherwise, it is a matter of multivitamins and
healthy diets to build them up as well as antibiotics to kill infections. The doctors 25
see them getting better in front of their eyes.
Drug addiction can sometimes result in broken bones. Thailand has an

5 estimated 3000 elephants wild in the jungle and another 4000 domesticated –
either working in logging or in the tourism industry. Heartless owners discovered
that ‘speed’ pills drive elephants to work harder at log-stacking. They work 30
furiously under the influence of drugs. So frenzied are they that they fall into holes
or try to move logs that are too heavy. They fall, breaking bones. Splinting of
broken limbs has been successful as, fortunately, broken bones mend, as they do
in humans.
6 Medication dosages must be calculated carefully. A typical human is around 35

75 kg, while an Asian elephant is about 5000 kg. Medications are supplied orally
– sometimes an entire handful of vitamin pills – or through drips. Bad-tasting
7
medicines are hidden in food.
7 After treatment, elephants are returned to owners, unless they were brought in
by people who found them abandoned, in which case they are released to the 40
conservation centre.
8 The hospital, where patients are housed in large open-sided sheds, has
entertainments for tourists. An elephant orchestra, with elephants playing a range
of instruments including drums, gongs and trumpets, entertains tourists in a small
grandstand. It is an amusing cacophony. The animals generally play whenever the 45
hapless conductor, a centre employee, points at them. Sometimes their trunks blow
harmonicas into their own ears.
9 Down at a little stream, tourists can be seen swimming with elephants which
are enjoying daily baths. Baby elephants playfully spurt water at each other. Other
elephants disappear into the jungle, taking tourists for short rides. 50
10 At the grandstand, there is a demonstration of log-rolling before easels are set

up. Four elephants holding paintbrushes with their trunks produce not just abstracts
but pictures of vases of brightly coloured flowers. The elephants paint for about ten
minutes, each with a keeper at its side. An elephant and its keeper form life-long
partnerships. 55
11 A souvenir shop near the entrance features displays of elephant paintings for
sale. Tourists buy paintings as souvenirs but their most treasured souvenir is not
of these. It is the memory of seeing how the hospital weans these delightful
creatures off dangerous and addictive drugs.
(Adapted from Reader’s Digest)
(a) what is the elephants’ problem?
……………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]
(b) (b) which word means “very thin”?
………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(a) state two facilities provided by the hospital.
(i)………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]
8
(b) what replaces Motala’s lost limb?
…………...………………………………………...……........……......…… [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 3, what could be the reason for stress in the
elephants?
…..…………...……………………………………………….........…......… [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 5, how do the drugs work on elephants in logging?
.............................................................................................................. [1 mark]
29 From paragraph 7, after being treated, what happens to the

elephants without owners?
…..………..……………………………………………….............…............... [1 mark]
30 From paragraph 11, “It is the memory of seeing how the hospital
weans these delightful creatures off dangerous and addictive drugs.”
Why do you think this is the most treasured souvenir to the
tourists? Give two reasons.
Reason 1 :
.......................................................................................................
[1 mark]
.......................................................................................................
Reason 2 :
.......................................................................................................
[1 mark]
.......................................................................................................
9
31 The passage is about an elephant hospital. Based on the passage
given, write a summary of
 how the elephants are treated and

 what tourists can enjoy at the hospital
original meaning.
Your summary must:
 be in continuous writing form (not in note form)

 not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below
The elephants are kept in the jungle behind the hospital …

[15 marks]
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11
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26 a) drug addiction / they are drug addicts
b) gaunt
27 a) i) a pharmacy
ii) a department for fitting artificial limbs
b) a prosthetic leg
28 a) car fumes and/or industrial pollution
b) they drive the elephants to work harder at log-stacking /
they make the elephants work furiously
29 a) they are released to the conservation centre.
30 Accept any reasonable answers. Reason 1 and Reason 2 must not be

of similar ideas e.g.
they are grateful to see there is a hospital for drug addicted elephants /
there see efforts to cure the elephants
They elephants are protected / safe from their heartless owners.
12
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 given good diets with vitamin supplements (para.3) /
given multivitamins and healthy diets to build them up (para.4)
C2 amphetamines given to the drug addicted elephants /

the doctors stop the addictive drug
C3 the doctors give the elephants tranquillisers to calm them
C4 the doctors give antibiotics to kill infections
C5 splinting of broken limbs has been successful / broken limbs are splinted
C6 medication dosages must be calculated carefully / the elephants are given the
correct medication dosages
C7 medications are supplied orally
C8 medications are supplied through drips
C9 bad-tasting medicines are hidden in food
C10 an elephant orchestra, (with elephants playing a range of instruments including

drums, gongs and trumpets in a small grandstand)
C11 swimming with elephants / tourists can be seen swimming with elephants (which
are enjoying daily baths)
C12 short rides on elephants into the jungle / other elephants disappear into the jungle,
taking tourists for short rides
C13 watching a demonstration of log-rolling at the grandstand, there is a demonstration of

log-rolling (before easels are set up)
C14 watching elephants painting abstracts and pictures of vases of brightly coloured
flowers. / four elephants holding paintbrushes with their trunks produce not just
abstracts but pictures of vases of brightly coloured flowers
13
3. PEOPLE
Section C
[25 marks]
The passage is about a boy who was trapped in a silo full of corn. Firefighters and other people
helped to save him.
1 Ever since I was a kid, Dad had warned me: “If you go down in the
corn, you don’t come out.”
2 One morning, while Dad and another driver took turns hauling away
truckloads of corn, I was trying to break up the chunks of rotten corn that
were blocking the flow. I was asthmatic, so Dad had given me a battery- 5
powered ventilation mask with a visor and a piece of cloth that I tied under
my chin. The mask didn’t make oxygen, but at least it filtered out all the
dust kicked up while I worked ankle deep in the corn.
3 Suddenly, I felt the corn beneath my feet give way. I didn’t know it
then, but I had broken through a chunk of rotten corn that had solidified 10
into a bridge with an air pocket beneath it. That pocket was now filling up
fast, drawing in the corn – and I along with it, until it was up to my knees,
then my waist. I had a rope wrapped around my right arm, and I held on
as tightly as I could, but it was useless. The corn was like quicksand,
dragging me down, and I could only watch helplessly as the cord slipped 15
out of my gloved hands. “Dad!” I yelled once. I was stuck firm, my left arm
pointed straight up, with just my fingertips poking out of the corn. The
pressure on my body was enormous. It felt like being strangled by a
thousand boa constrictors. I tried to move my leg a few centimetres, but
the corn would rush back in to fill the void, packing me in even tighter. I 20
was having difficulty in breathing. My mask seemed to be doing just
enough. But how long could the batteries last? Three hours? Then what?
4 Two hours later, Dad looked inside the silo and saw just a rope
dangling from the top of the bin down into the corn. Worried, he stopped a
passing state patrolman. It was 12.45 p.m. when the Iowa Falls Volunteer 25
Fire Department reached the farm. Fifty- year old Tyler Prochaska and
another firefighter, Jason Barrick, immediately lowered themselves into the
grain bin. “If the kid’s in here, he must be dead, because I don’t see him or
hear him.” Then, from down in the corn directly beneath their feet, a yell:
“I’m alive, I’m alive, I’m alive!” 30
5 Prochaska and Barrick sunk to their knees and began digging like
dogs. They could hear me down beneath them, counting out loud, and they
followed the sound of my voice. Prochaska was elbow deep before he
found my outstretched hand.
6 35
14
Knowing that I was still alive motivated the firefighters, who went
into the bin to help. The digging, however, was slow, and my initial
euphoria at being discovered began to fade. With my head peeking out of
the corn, it was clear that I was at the centre of a funnel, the grain piled
high and dangerously around me. The rescuers dug again, working to the 40
sound of the intermittent beeping coming from my mask as the batteries
died.
7
The firefighters brought in the grain-bin rescue tube – a metal
cylinder with detachable panels designed to contain the victim and relieve
some of the pressure. It was only recently purchased, and now they were 45
putting it to the test. Prochaska and Barrick pushed sections of the tube
down into the corn around me, forming a barrier, then climbed in with me,
taking turns scooping out the grain with their hands, their helmets,
whatever else they could use. Prochaska went into the tube, using his body
like a jack to keep the barriers from collapsing. Even so, one of the barriers 50
buckled, letting grain trickle in, so Prochaska jammed his back against the
leak. Paramedics urged Barrick and Prochaska to take a break after
working for two and a half hours in the boiling silo, but they refused to leave
my side. “If we move, he’s gone”, Prochaska thought.
8 Meanwhile, more than 120 volunteer firefighters from across the

county as well as local farmers gathered around the bin, ready to help. 55
Using saws and torches, they cut holes into the base of the bin to try to
empty the container, though the grain only trickled out. Volunteers took
shifts, shovelling out the grain that pooled beneath the openings. It was
slow going until Dad used a neighbour’s bulldozer to clear the debris. And
then it happened. In one swift motion, rescuers freed my leg and pulled 60
me up, out of the tube, alive, where I collapsed onto Prochaska.
9 A month later, my family held a dinner for the rescuers.

Remarkably, I had recovered over two days in the hospital without lasting
damage.
Adapted from Reader’s Digest

September 2014
26 From paragraph 2, what was the writer doing when the accident happened?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
27 From paragraph 3
(a) the phrase ‘strangled by a thousand boa constrictors’ refers to
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
15
(b) why did the writer consider himself in danger?
State two reasons.
(i)…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(ii)………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 4, what made Dad ask the state patrolman for help?
……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 6, which word has the same meaning as ‘happiness’?
……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 7, what is the function of the grain-bin rescue tube ?
……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 8, what sped up the rescue?
……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
30 Based on the passage, what kind of a person was the writer?
Give one quality and provide a reason to support your answer.
Quality : ………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………..…[1 mark]
16
31 When the writer was trapped in the silo, many came to help release the writer.
Based on the passage given, write a summary on what the rescuers did to
save the writer.
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change
the original meaning.
Your summary must:

After hearing the shout beneath their feet, the firefighters started…
[15 marks]
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NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26 a) break up the chunks of rotten corn (that were blocking the flow) gaunt
27 a) the pressure on his / the body

b) i) he felt like being strangled by a thousand boa constrictors
ii) he was having difficulty in breathing
iii) batteries running out
(accept any two answers)
28 a) when he saw just a rope dangling limply (from the top of the bin to the corn)
b) euphoria
29 a) It was designed to contain the victim and relieve some of the pressure
b) The use of a (neighbour’s) bulldozer to clear the debris /
Dad used a (neighbour’s) bulldozer to clear the debris
30 Quality : Optimistic / Resilient / ……etc
( accept any suitable quality )
Reason: he never gave up hope of being rescued. / He recovered in two

days without lasting damage .
Note: 1. award mark for acceptable answer.
2. reason should support the quality mentioned in (i)
3. if quality is considered wrong, do not award mark for reason
although it seems correct and error free.
19
Maximum: 10 marks
C1
digging (like dogs)
C2 they followed the sound of the writers ’s voice
C3 found his outstretched hand
C4 they dug again ( again is mandatory)
C5 The firefighters (brought in the grain-bin rescue tube) and

pushed sections of the tube down
C6 formed a barrier
C7 took turns to scoop out the grain with their hands and helmets
C8 Prochaska went into the tube and used his body (like a jack) to keep the
barriers from collapsing
C9 jammed his back against a leak
C10 others used saw and torches to cut holes into the base of the bin
C11 shovelled out the grain that pooled beneath the opening
C12 used a bulldozer to clear the debris
C13 freed his leg
C14 pulled him out of the tube
Note :

20
4. PEOPLE
Section C
1 Jodap, a tribesman who lived deep in the jungles of Borneo, waited patiently
in the bushes. He had set up a trap, and he was hunting for food. Soon enough, a
loud, snap was heard. Jodap got up gently and moved quietly to his trap. A mouse
deer was seen struggling and crying in pain. The trap was laced with poison from a
secret blend of jungle plants. The poison slowly suffocated the animal, and it did 5
not take long before the animal was completely paralysed and died. Jodap broke
into a smile. He had caught enough to last his family a week. With the help of his
son, they carried their catch across mountainous terrain to get back to their village.
The journey was tedious 5-kilometre trail. We were huffing and puffing. Jodap and
his son had to make frequent stops for us to rest. We were made the laughing stock 10
of his village.
2 When it came to dinner time, we were told to sit in the living room of his
wooden house. It was decorated with no more than a mat made from bamboo. The
mat had tribal patterns and colours. Meanwhile, Jodap’s wife was seen preparing
the day’s catch and some vegetables grown from their farm. Jodap sat with us and 15
was seen to be content. He instructed his son to bring in some bricks so his mother
could put the food on the 15bricks. Soon after, the food was ready and we started
our feast. We were very hungry as we did not eat much for lunch. We shared what
Jodap ate when we were out hunting with him.
3 Jodap shared his stories with us after dinner. He told us the times when he 20
was young, he did not need to travel far to hunt. However, times were changing and
life was getting difficult for them. As years went by, he had to travel further out into
the jungle to hunt and forage for food. He was the man of the family, and he just
wanted to provide a comfortable life for his family. I could see the stress in his eyes,
and the worry for the days ahead. How would life be for his son, or his grandson? 25
Jodap said he would send his son to the smaller towns in the future for schooling.
But he would not force him to stay and finish his studies if he wished return to the
village. This was the way of life that they all knew. He did not have any other skills
useful to a modern society and that was one reason why he was reluctant to move.
30
4 Before we said our goodbyes to Jodap, I gave him a photograph of our
hunting trip of us posing with his catch and a photograph of his family. He was
delighted and I could see his eyes tearing up. All his life, he had never had a
photograph of his family. He smiled warmly. Then he hugged and thanked each
every one of us, and told us we were welcomed to visit him anytime. I left, touched
and awed by how these tribesmen lived. They lived with the utmost basic of things, 35
yet they were very contented with what they had. Their family and their forest were
everything to them.
21
26 From paragraph 1
(a) Why did Jodap set up a trap?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) How did Jodap‟s poison work on the animal?

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
27 From paragraph 1, which sentence suggests that the writer was out of breath?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
28 From paragraph 2, what was Jodap‟s wife doing while the writer was in the living
room?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(a) How was hunting different for Jodap now as compared to the years
before?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) The word „forage‟ in line 23 can be replaced with
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
( c) How did Jodap feel about his future?

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(a) From paragraph 4, why do you think Jodap was emotional over
the photographs?
…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
(b) In your opinion, state whether you agree or disagree with Jodap’s view on
schooling. State your reason why you agree or disagree.
Opinion: …………………………………………………………...……….[1 mark]
Reason : ………………………………………………………………………..…[1 mark]
22
31 Based on the passage given, write a summary on:
 how the writer spent the day with Jodap and his family
 Jodap‟s feelings about his own life
original meaning.
Your summary must

 use material from line 8 to line 28
Begin your summary as follows

After hunting in the jungle, the writer followed Jodap home…
[15 marks]
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24
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26 a) because he was hunting for food.
b) It would suffocate and paralyse the animal which would slowly die.
27
a) Line 9 - “We were huffing and puffing.”
28 a) Jodap’s wife was preparing the day’s catch and some vegetables from
their farm.
29 a) Now Jodap felt that he had to travel deeper into the jungle to hunt for
food.
b) search / look
c) Jodap felt stressed and worried about his future.
30 a) He was touched as he had never had a photograph of his family.
b) Opinion : Agree / Disagree.

Reason : Accept any suitable answer.
25
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 They walked 5 kilometres back to the village.
C2 He was huffing and puffing.
C3 The writer and Jodap sat in the living room, while waiting for dinner.
C4 Jodap’s wife cooked dinner for them.
C5 They ate what they had hunted.

C6
Jodap told the writer about his younger days when hunting was easy.
C7 He felt that life was getting difficult.
C8 He had to go deeper into the jungle to hunt and find food.

C9 He was worried about how to give a more comfortable
life to his family.
C10 He was stressed and worried about his son and his future generations.
C11 He felt that it was alright for his son to stop schooling and stay
in the village.
C12 He did not have any skills suitable for a modern life.
C13 He did not want to live in the towns
26
5. PEOPLE
Section C
[25 marks]
Jasmin goes to her grandmother’s house in the kampung.
1 Jasmin awoke to the twittering and chattering of birds outside. Looking around,
she realized where she was and an overwhelming sadness engulfed her. This
was a room in her grandmother’s house in the kampung, the house in which she
had grown up. Her grandmother had looked after her from the time she was a
baby. When she was three months old her mother left her with her grandmother 5
and went to join her father who was studying overseas. Jasmin’s parents wanted
her to come and live with them but she was not keen to do so as she was still
very much attached to her grandmother. Her parents allowed her to stay on in
the kampung. They did not want to upset her as she was happy in the kampung
school and she was doing well there. 10
2 When Jasmin was in year six of primary school, her younger sister was
born. Her parents thought that it was important for the two sisters to be together
and so Jasmin went to live with them after she completed her primary school. She
adjusted easily to her new secondary school and she was pleased to have a baby
sister to look after and play with. She wished that her grandmother would join 15
her family, but the old lady preferred to stay by herself in her own house.
Jasmin visited her grandmother during the school holidays.
3 Jasmin sat up slowly and glanced at her sister beside her who was still asleep.
Quietly she rolled up the mengkuang mat on which she had lain and put it away
behind the clothes rack. She took her towel from the rack and moved towards the 20
door. The wooden floorboards creaked slightly as she stepped into the living room.
It was bare except for a cardboard box in one corner. There was something in
that box that once belonged to her grandmother and which was now hers. It was
a tepak sireh. Jasmin’s parents had asked her to choose something from the house
as a memento. Jasmin’s eyes blurred with tears. Her grandmother had passed 25
away of a heart attack four months ago.
4 Jasmin opened the kitchen door that led into the compound. She was going
to the bathroom. There was a well in the bathroom. Before the availability of
piped water, the well served all their domestic purposes. Wanting to feel the cool
well water on her face again, she lowered the pail into the well and expertly 30
pulled up the attached rope. There it was – a pail full of refreshing ground water
for her. She remembered that it had been her duty to draw water from the well
every evening to water the potted plants that her grandmother had arranged
neatly in front of the house.
5 Emerging from the bathroom, Jasmin strolled around the old house – for the 35
last time, and with a heavy heart. It was a traditional Malay house, built on posts
27
above the ground. The raised floor kept dampness away and the spaces
between the floor planks provided good ventilation. Jasmin used to play with her
childhood friends in the space beneath the house. At that time, they were small
enough to stand beneath the house without having to stoop. They whiled away
the hours playing congkak or batu limbang. 40
6 Jasmin walked past the verandah with its large windows. She rounded the
corner and noticed the front bedroom windows were open. Apparently, her
parents were awake. She went back into the kitchen. Her mother was preparing
breakfast. They were returning home later in the morning after handing over
the house to its new owner. Jasmin’s father who inherited the house decided to 45
sell it.
7 After breakfast, they loaded some things into the car and waited for
Encik Adam, the new owner, to arrive. Jasmin’s sister was impatient to get
back to their own home whilst Jasmin longed to linger at that old house for a
few more hours. Encik Adam arrived punctually at the appointed time. Jasmin’s 50
father gave him the house key. They chatted for a while and then Jasmin and
her family got into the car for the journey back to home. As they drove away,
Jasmin looked back at the old house and bade a silent farewell to her childhood.
(a) which word means “to be plunged into something”?
....................................................................................................... [1mark]
(b) why was Jasmin left in the care of her grandmother?
..................................................................................................... [1mark]
(c) Jasmin’s parents decided to allow her to stay on with

her grandmother. Give two reasons for their decision.
(i)…………………………………………………………………………….[1mark]
(ii)……………………………………………………………………………[1mark]
27 From paragraph 2, what event prompted Jasmin’s return to her parents?
............................................................................................................ [1mark]
28
28 From paragraph 4, what purpose did the well serve after the
installation of piped water?
............................................................................................................ [1mark]
29 From paragraph 5, what are the advantages of building a house on posts?
(a) ............................................................................................................... [1mark]

(b)………………………………………………………………………...….[1mark]
30 In your opinion, why do you think Jasmine wanted to linger at the old
house for a few more hours?
.......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................[2 marks]
31 Jasmin recalled her childhood days at her grandmother’s house.

Write a summary on :
 what she did that morning

 what she remembered about the house
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken
not to change the original meaning.
Your summary must:

 be in continuous form (not note form)
 use materials from line 17 to line 43
 must not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below
Jasmin slowly sat up and glanced at her sleeping sister …
[15 marks]
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29
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30
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26
a) engulfed
b) parents went overseas/her mother joined her father who was studying
overseas
c) i) they did not want to upset her/
ii) she was happy in her kampung school/
iii) she was doing well in school
( Accept any of the two answers)
27
her (younger) sister was born/ the birth of her sister
28 water the potted plants
29 a) the raised floor kept dampness away

b) the spaces between the planks provided good ventilation
30 Accept any other possible answer, e.g :

 She missed the home she grew up in
 She was nostalgic about her childhood
 She wanted to hold on to her memories
DO NOT accept if students answer:

 She missed her grandmother
31
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 rolled up the (mengkuang) mat
C2 put it away behind the clothes rack
C3 took towel from the rack and moved towards the door
C4 stepped into the living room
C5 opened the kitchen door into the compound
C6 lowered the pail into the well (expertly pulled up the attached robe)
C7 strolled around the old house
C8 traditional Malay house

C9 built on post above the ground
C 10 raised floor kept dampness away
C 11 spaces between floor planks provided (good) ventilation
C 12 played with childhood friends beneath the house
C 13 walked past the verandah with its large windows
C 14 rounded the corner
C 15 went back into the kitchen
32
6. HEALTH
Section C
[25 marks]
1 Years of research had educated me about how sugar, fat, and salt
change the brain. I understood some of the parallels between
hyperpalatable foods and drugs of abuse, and about the links among
sensory stimulation, cues, and memory. I had met enough people like
Claudia and Maria to understand how even the thought of food could 5
cause them to lose control.
2
But I wasn't fully prepared for the discoveries I made about irresistibility
and whoosh, the Monster Thickburger and Baked! Cheetos Flamin'
Hot, about indulgence and purple cows. Without necessarily
understanding the underlying science, the food industry has discovered
3 what sells. 10
I was sitting at Chili's Grill & Bar in Chicago's O'Hare Airport waiting
for a late-night flight. At a nearby table, a couple in their early forties
was deep into a meal. The woman was overweight, with about 180
pounds on her five- foot-four-inch frame. The South-western Eggrolls 15
she had ordered were listed as a starter course, but the enormous
platter in front of her had been heaped with food. The dish was
described on the menu as "smoked chicken, black beans, corn,
jalapeño Jack cheese, red peppers, and spinach wrapped inside a
crispy flour tortilla," and it was served with a creamy avocado-ranch
4 dipping sauce. Despite its name, the dish looked more like a burrito 20
than an egg roll, an only-in-America fusion approach.
I watched as the woman attacked her food with vigor and speed. She
held the egg roll in one hand, dunked it into the sauce, and brought it
to her mouth while using the fork in her other hand to scoop up more 25
sauce. Occasionally she reached over and speared some of her
5 companion's french fries. The woman ate steadily, working her way
around the plate with scant pause for conversation or rest. When she
finally paused, only a little lettuce was left.
Had she known someone was watching her, I am sure she would have 30
eaten differently. Had she been asked to describe what she had just
eaten, she probably would have substantially underestimated her
consumption. And she would probably have been surprised to learn
what the ingredients in her meal
really were.
33
6 The woman might have been interested in how my industry source,
who had called sugar, fat, and salt the three points of the compass,
described her entree. Deep-frying the tortilla drives down its water
content from 40 percent to about 5 percent and replaces the rest with
fat. "The tortilla is really going to absorb a lot of fat," he said. "It looks 35
like an egg roll is supposed to look, which is crispy and brown on the
outside."
7
The food consultant read through other ingredients on the label,
keeping up a running commentary as he did. "Cooked white meat
chicken, binder added, smoke flavour. People like smoky flavour — it's
the caveman in them." 40
8
"There's green stuff in there," he said, noting the spinach. "That makes
9 me feel like I'm eating something healthy."
"Shredded Monterey Jack cheese.... The increase in per-capita

10 consumption of cheese is off the chart."
45
The hot peppers, he said, "add a little spice, but not too much to kill
11 everything else off."
He believed the chicken had been chopped and formed much like a
meat loaf, with binders added, which makes those calories easy to
swallow. Ingredients that hold moisture, including autolysed yeast 50
extract, sodium phosphate, and soy protein concentrate, further soften
the food. I noticed that salt appeared eight times on the label and that
sweeteners were there five times, in the form of corn-syrup solids,
12 molasses, honey, brown sugar, and sugar.
13 "This is highly processed?" I asked.

55
"Absolutely, yes. All of this has been processed such that you can wolf
it down fast, chopped up and made ultrapalatable. Very appealing
looking, very high pleasure in the food, very high caloric density. Rules
14 out all that stuff you have to chew."
By eliminating the need to chew, modern food processing techniques 60

allow us to eat faster. "When you're eating these things, you've had
500, 600, 800, 900 calories before you know it," said the consultant.
"Literally before you know it." Refined food simply melts in the mouth.
Source : The End of Overeating by David

Kessler
34
26 (a) From paragraph 1, why is it difficult to control overeating?
............................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 2, how did the writer feel about processed food?
............................................................................................................. [1 mark]
27 (a) From paragraph 3, what does the phrase ‘an only–in–America fusion
approach’ refer to?
.................................................................................................................. [1 mark]
(b) “I’m sure she would have eaten differently.”(Paragraph 5, lines 26-27)
How would the above statement influence the way the woman eat?
................................................................................................................ [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 7, which word conveys the meaning of ‘an

expression of an opinion’?
........................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 8, “That makes me feel like I’m eating something
healthy.” What does this tell us about the writer’s perception?
.......................................................................................................... [1 mark ]
29 (a) From paragraph 10, how is adding too much spice affecting the taste?
............................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 13, which piece of evidence support the writer’s
description that refined food is irresistible?
........................................................................................................... [1 mark]
35
30 (a) ‘Refined food simply melts in the mouth’ (Paragraph 14) State one effect
suggested by the above statement. Give a reason for your answer.
Effect :
......................................................................................................... [1 mark]
Reason :
......................................................................................................... [1 mark]
31. Many people overeat and are unaware of their poor food choices.
Write a summary on what the writer saw and the factors which
lead to people overeating.
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to
change the original meaning:
Your summary must:

 not be longer than 130 words , including the 10 words given below
The writer was feeling disgusted when she saw the woman…
[15 marks]
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37
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26 a) It is difficult because the thought of food could cause people to lose
control.
b) irresistibility and whoosh
27 a) American style of eating / American food / style / way of eating

b) She would probably not eat that much and be more aware of the
ingredients in her meal.
28 a) “commentary”
b) She is mindful and does not have to feel guilty of what
she is eating. / She is eating healthy food.
a) It kills everything else off / no more natural taste.

29
b) You can wolf it down fast and it is very appealing looking. /
You can wolf it down fast, chopped up and made
ultrapalatable.
30 a) It can cause many chronic diseases. / It can cause diseases such

as cancer.
b) It depletes the body of essential nutrients needed for it to
function properly. / It is very harmful to the body.
38
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Attacked her food
C2 held the egg roll , dunked and ate it.
C3 Used the fork to scoop up more sauce.
C4 reached over and speared her companion’s French fries.
C5 paused with only a little lettuce left.
C6 The food consultant read through the other ingredients on the label.
C7 The writer noticed that salt appeared eight times and sweeteners five.
C8 People overeat because they are unaware of their food choices
C9 Processed food can be wolf down fast.
C10 It is made ultrapalatable.
C11 It is very appealing looking

C12 Very high pleasure in the food
C13 Food do not have to be chewed
C14 Refined food simply melts in the mouth
39
7. HEALTH
Section C
[25 marks]
1 Tracy and her husband had just moved to their new luxurious home in
the autumn of 2009. It might seem like her life was perfect and filled with
much joy. They had a bubbly four-year-old daughter named Katie, a
grouchy Siamese cat and an infant son. However, this little bundle of
joy, Kevin, had a health condition which is still a mystery. 5
2 Kevin had been born hypotonic which basically means he had an

abdominal hernia, a heart murmur, strange folds on his ears and a V-
shaped birthmark in the centre of his forehead. It was disheartening for
Tracy to see her son placed under intensive care. The geneticist knew
that the condition of Tracy’s son was a genetic disorder but he could not 10
place it.
3
After weeks of care in the hospital, he was healthy enough to go
home. However, he remained undersized and underweight, hardly able
to hold up his head. Amid the busy routine of feeding and rushing Katie
to school, Tracy realised that her baby was a little quiet and weak for 15
his age. They often wondered whether he was aware of his
4 surroundings.
In December, they were called to a small room at the Alberta

Children’s Hospital where Dr Ivan explained that a piece of their son’s
genetic coding simply was not there. He handed them a pamphlet which 20
provided them some explanation of his condition that is renamed
Kleefstra Syndrome. Kevin had developmental problems because every
single cell in his body would be duplicated even with the tiniest wounds.
However, because of the limited cases of this disease, the pamphlet
could only provide anecdotes rather than a prognosis. A patient of this 25
disease would likely face obstacles in speech, mobility and learning.
5 These can be overcome if he is lucky.
One evening, as the family was having dinner, Katie suddenly

jumped from her seat and skipped to her brother in his high chair. She
set herself behind Kevin, hand clutching either side of his chair and 30
started flinging herself from one side of his head to the other. Then, she
looked at him and said, “Hello, Mr Cutie-cute!” Unexpectedly, his face
erupted into a grin. He gave a sudden, gurgling cheerful laugh. “It was
6
40
then that we realised this boy could feel joy and we had to find him,”
said Tracy. 35
A new chapter began in their lives. There were monthly visits to

an overworked early intervention clinic that recommended rudimentary
physical therapy such as exercise to encourage rolling over and sitting
up. The workout seemed too much for Kevin. Tracy pushed the
7 therapists for better ways to address Kevin’s disorder. Fortunately, they 40
were persistent. Otherwise, their son’s therapy would have started at
the age of three at the earliest.
Tracy was determined not to give up. Using her background as a

research editor and radio producer, she continued to look further. She 45
would read any book on disability and the brain that she could get hold
on. With knowledge from one of the books, her father helped her build
8 a crawling track in their living room. The track, which was a ramp with
low sides made of heavy plywood, was propped at an angle so that it
would help her son to move.
50
After attending a programme for a week, Tracy returned home
and reorganised the main floor of their house for their son’s therapy.
They filled their living room with mats and flashcards with words and
dots for counting. Tracy was responsible for running her son’s therapy
programme. Every day, she and her husband would be holding up
9 flashcards containing words, numbers or sentences. Apart from this, 55
their son’s diet too had to be monitored. He had to eat food free from
allergies and inflammatory to eliminate any possible nutritional
impediments to his development.
All of Tracy’s efforts were worth it. By the time Kevin was seven,
the family was no longer doubtful that he had the ability to learn. He
could tell his name and address, draw a picture and even spell the
words. Though a year behind schedule, he went to kindergarten in a
normal school.
Adapted from The Readers’ Digest
26. From paragraph 2, why was baby Kevin placed under intensive care?
…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
41
27. From paragraph 3, what did Tracy notice about the condition of her baby?
…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
28. ( a ) From paragraph 4,

i. what was wrong with Kevin’s body?
…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
ii. which word means stories?
………………………………………………………………………….………….. [1 mark]
( b ) From paragraph 5,
i. when did Tracy and her husband realise that their baby have emotions?
……………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
ii. which phrase means suddenly smile broadly?
…………………………………………………………………………….………….. [1 mark]
29. From paragraph 7 and 8, what did Tracy do to assist Kevin’s progress?
( a ) …………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
( b ) ……………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
30. What advice do you think Tracy and her husband would give to those who have children
with disability.
Advice : ………………………………………………………………………… [ [1 mark]
Reason : ………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
42
31. Based on the passage, write a summary on:
 the developmental problems Kevin faced due to his genetic disorder

 the steps Tracy took to help her son grow physically and mentally
Credit will be given for the use of own words but care must be taken not to change the
original meaning.
Your summary must:

 not be longer than 130 words , including the 10 words given below
Kevin had developmental problems because every single cell in his ...
[15 marks]
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44
NO EXPECTED ANSWER
26
He had a genetic disorder.
27
He was undersized and underweight
a) i) Every single cell in his body would be duplicated even

28
with the tiniest wounds.
ii) anecdotes
b) i) Kevin laughed when his sister started flinging herself
from one side of his head to the other.
ii) erupted into a grin
29 a) Tracy’s father helped her to build a crawling track in their living room to
help her son move.
b) Tracy filled her living room with mats and flashcards with words and dots
for counting.
30 Advice: Do not give up (but make effort to deal with the situation)
Reason: Anything is possible if we try. Otherwise we would regret if we did
not do it.
Accept any suitable answer.
45
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 every single cell in his body would be duplicated even with the tiniest
wounds
C2 obstacles in speech, mobility and learning
C3 monthly visit to an early intervention clinic
C4 rudimentary physical therapy
C5 pushed therapists for better ways to address Kevin’s disorder
C6 read books on disability and the brain
C7 father helped her build a crawling track in the living room
C8 help Kevin to move
C9 reorganised the main floor of their house for their son’s therapy
C10 filled the room with mats and flashcards with words and dots for counting
C11 hold up the flashcards daily

C12 eat food free from allergies and inflammatory
46
8. ENVIRONMENT
Section C
[25 marks]
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.
1 Acid rain looks, feels and tastes just like normal rain. However, it
can have several ecological, physiological and physical effects.
2 The ecological effects of acid rain are most clearly seen in aquatic
environments. After falling on forests, fields, buildings and roads,
acid rain flows into streams, lakes and swamps. Most lakes and 5
streams have a pH level of between 6 and 8. Over time, acid rain
can cause these bodies of water themselves to become acidic. Acid
rain can also cause aluminium to be released from the soil into lakes
and streams. This metal is highly toxic to many species of aquatic
organisms. Even if the fish and other water organisms are not killed 10
as a direct result, increased water acidity and aluminium levels can
lead to lower body weight. Therefore, survival of some species
arises. For example, a smaller fish is less able to compete for food
and habitat. Generally, the young of most species are more sensitive
to environmental conditions than the adults. At pH 5, most fish roe 15
cannot hatch. At lower levels, even adult fish may die. That is why
some highly acidic lakes have no fish at all. When a species dies, it
affects many other species that are directly or indirectly dependent
upon them for food. Thus, the dying out of an entire species can
have a domino effect on the other organisms in that area. 20
3 Even humans can become seriously ill or perhaps die from the
effects of acid rain. Acid rain can trigger off respiratory problems.
Some people, especially those who suffer from asthma, find it
difficult to breathe when there is acid rain.
47
4 Acid rain can be absorbed by both plants and animals. When 25
humans eat these plants or animals, the toxins inside them
accumulate inside the human body. Brain damage, kidney problems,
and Alzheimer’s disease are some of the health risks that have been
linked to the eating of food made ‘toxic’ by acid rain.
5 In addition to the harm caused to life forms, acid rain also 30
damages physical structures like architecture and artwork. It falls on
buildings and causes corrosion. Moreover, acid rain can damage
stained glass, railroad tracks, aeroplanes, vehicles, steel bridges
and underground pipes. Many castles, churches and old buildings in
Europe have had their stonework eaten away by acid rain. 35
26 From paragraph 1, list the effects of acid rain.
…………………………………………………………………………..... [1 mark]
(a) what is the normal pH level of lakes and streams?
………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
(b) what does ‘This metal’ in line 9 refer to?
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(c) what will happen if the pH level of lakes and streams is at 5?
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 3, what is the effect of acid rain to humans?
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
48
(b) From paragraph 4, list two health risks to humans due to acid
rain?
(i) …………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(ii) …………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
29 From paragraph 5, what will the acid rain do to buildings?

…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
30 In your opinion, is acid rain dangerous to humans? Give your

reason.
Opinion : ……………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
31 Based on the passage given, write a summary

 acid rain
 its effects on environment
Credit will be given for use of own words, but care must be taken not to change the
original meaning.
Your summary must
 be in continuous writing (not in note form)
 use material from lines 1 to 35
Acid rain looks, feels and tastes just like normal rain...
[15 marks]
49
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50
No EXPECTED ANSWER
26 ecological, physiological and physical effects
27 (a) between 6 and 8
(b) aluminium
(c) fish roe cannot hatch
28 (a) respiratory problems
(b) brain damage/kidney problems/Alzheimer’s disease (whichever two)
29 corrosion
30 Accept any possible answers

Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Ecological. Physiological and physical effects
C2 Aquatic environment
C3 Becomes acidic
C4 Cause aluminum to be released
C5 Lead to lower body weight
C6 Fish roe cannot hatch and
C7 Adult fish die
C8 Respiratory problems for humans
C9 Acid rain absorbed by plants and animals
C10 Toxins accumulate in human body
C11 Damages physical structures
C12 Causes corrosion
C13 Many buildings in Europe
51
9. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Section C
[25 marks]
1 The 2008 Pixar animated film ‘Wall- E’ gave cinema audiences a
powerful picture of the Earth decimated by human complacency. Some
film critics identified technology as the complicated villain of the movie,
showing how over- dependence on it had caused the human race to
deteriorate into useless lumps of lard, literally unable to stand on their 5
own feet, relate to each other honestly, or save their planet. By showing
humans and robots working side by side to renew Earth at the end of
the film, the screenwriter was advocating that technology could be
properly used to help humans cultivate their environment and
themselves. Technology has inevitably weakened us in some ways, but 10
overall the net effect it has on our skills have been largely positive.
2 When human beings embraced technology as the convenient
solution to life’s many tasks, we regressed in many basic skills.
Everyday life holds many simple opportunities to hone ourselves
intellectually, physically and emotionally. In giving over many of our 15
simple tasks to technology, we have paid the price for further
development in these skills for that extra bit of convenience. Excessive
dependence on technology – information and communication
technology – has first shortened our attention spans and subsequently
affected the way we work. It is not uncommon to be listening to the 20
songs on our iPod, switching between multiple tabs on multiple
windows on our laptops, plunging through a maze of hyperlinks and
chatting on Facebook – all while working on some task. Most of us who
can do so are becoming less able to filter out distracting environmental
information, more likely to be distracted by irrelevant information in 25
52
memory and less efficient when required to quickly switch from one
task to another.
3 However, technology has been developed specifically and expertly
to enhance our skills with overwhelming positive results. The most
outstanding example is the well- documented ‘Sesame Street Effect’. 30
Numerous studies showed that children from all sorts of backgrounds
and capabilities who spent a lot of time watching the television show
improved in their readiness, literacy and numeracy skills as well as
communication skills. Here, technology was deliberately designed to
present an appropriate amount of intellectual stimulation, optimize 35
engagement among young viewers, and enable transference to real-
life situations. Likewise, we can look at many ground- breaking
websites that are sitting through the noise of data online to help
researchers and educators refine their communication and data
analysis skills. Khan Academy uses the YouTube platform to help slow 40
learners take all the time they need to revise high school curriculum.
4 In fact, even technologies created for frivolous ends have led to
surprisingly counterintuitive outcomes. Much academic ink has been
spilt on documenting how playing action video games can enhance our
vision, attention, cognition and motor control. Avid players have better 45
visual short- term memory, superior top- down control of attention,
greater flexibility in weighing different options and heightened attention
to detail in cluttered environment. Because of these findings, hospitals
are using action games in rehabilitating patients with visual
deficiencies. It turns out to that laparoscopic surgeons who are avid 50
gamers happen to be better surgeons in terms of speed of surgical
executions. In 2009, after studies indicated that some of their best
drone pilots were often avid young video gamers, the United Kingdom’s
Royal Air Force did away with requiring only trained pilots to control its
unmanned drone flight missions. 55
53
5 Often, it is the end users who actively and purposefully use
technology to enhance their skills, rather than those who passively give
up their lives to technology, who will see themselves develop as skillful
individuals. Intentionality makes all the difference here. Individuals who
are driven to be better at their real- life work, achieving real- life goals 60
and grooming their real- life skills would usually be more focused on
how they can tap into their technologies that help them get there.
6 While it is good to recognize the various instances by which
technology has caused us to become less adept, it would be far better
for us to acknowledge how technology has improved and enhanced our 65
skills. As technology continues to evolve, let us evolve along with and
steward it as a strategic assistant in human development rather than a
monster that is constantly required to be kept on a leash.
(Adapted from: Broader Perspectives, 2011)
(a) Which word indicates the portrayal of technology as a
‘complicated villain’ in the movie?
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) What is the consequence of ‘human complacency’ on the

Earth?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
27 From paragraph 2, what is the price we paid for the sake of

convenience?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
54
28 (a) From paragraph 3,
why is the ‘Sesame Street Effect’ considered one of the
‘overwhelming’ positive results of technology?
……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
(b) How has Khan Academy used YouTube?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 4, why the outcomes of technology are

surprising?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 6, why is technology described as both a

‘strategic human assistant’ and a ‘monster’?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
30 In your opinion, has technology made human lazy? Give your

reason.
Response : [ 1 mark]
…………………………………………………………………..
Reason : [ 1 mark]
……………………………………………………………………..
55
 On the favourable and adverse effects of technology on the skill levels of
people
Credit will be given for use of own words, but care must be taken not to
change the original meaning.
Your summary must

The effects of technology on the skill levels of people...
[15 marks]
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57
No Expected Answer
26 (a) deteriorate
(b) harm the Earth/ leads to destruction of the Earth
27 regressed in many basic skills
28 (a) children of all sorts of backgrounds or capabilities (1m)
improved in their readiness, literacy and numeracy skills as well as
communication skills (1m)
(b) help slow learners take all the time they need to revise high school
curriculum.
29 (a) it brings about many benefits
(b) it can be an useful tool that helps develop/ improve our skills but also
cause destructive effects if not kept in check

Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Regression in many basic skills
C2 (Excessive dependence on technology) shortened our attention spans/

inability to concentrate
C3 Affect the way we work
C4 Becoming less efficient/ Becoming less able to filter out distracting

environmental information
58
C5 More likely to be distracted by irrelevant information/ Attention is more
likely diverted
C6 Less efficient when required to switch from one task to another
C7 Enhance our skills with overwhelming positive results/ our skills improved
C8 Children improved in their readiness, literacy and numeracy skills as well

as communication skills
C9 (Technology designed to) present an appropriate amount of intellectual

stimulation/ Offered some mental activity
C10 Optimise engagement among young viewers
C11 Enable transference to real- life situation
C12 Helps to refine communication and data analysis skills
C13 Khan Academy uses YouTube to help slow learners/ Slow learners revise
using YouTube platform
C14 Playing action video games enhance vision, attention and cognition
C15 Avid players have better visual short-term memory
C16 Superior top- down control of attention
C17 Greater flexibility in weighing different options
C18 Heightened attention to detail in cluttered environment
59
10. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Section C
[25 marks]
1 I have a dream that someday I will be cruising down the highway in

my dream car. At the rate science and technology is advancing, I
know that my dream will soon become a reality. Although I don't know
much about the rudiments of cars and their fancy names, I do know
what I want in my dream car. 5
2 First and foremost, the car should be a half-truck and half-sport
utility vehicle. I will be using it to transport my children, my pets and
in-laws as well. Although a mini-van will do just as nicely, I do not want
to look like a pasar malam trader. The bucket- seats should be
foldable or even removable to suit my needs. For example, I need 10
some space for children to stretch and play during long journeys or
watch their favourite programmes on the built-in television and
computer. Of course, the built-in child safety seat can also be easily
folded when not in use.
3 Thanks to technological advancement, my dream car will be 15
computerised. I will be able to receive traffic or weather updates, listen
to my voiced e-mail or even ask for directions. It will also be able to
suggest alternative routes during a traffic jam or warn me to avoid a
certain road. The computer will also provide important information for
forgetful people like me such as the dates to renew my road tax and 20
license. To keep me awake on long journeys, there is a video camera
trained on the driver. If my eyes begin to blink or droop due to
tiredness, the system will sound the alarm, suggesting that I should
take a break.
4 Next, for safety reasons, my dream car will be able to detect and 25
60
adjust my speed and automatically apply brakes when necessary. It
will also be able to avoid skidding with its traction control. This is
important for rainy days when my vision might be affected. If my car
sways into another lane, the computer will take control and steer me
back to safety with its lane-sensing video cameras. For night driving, 30
the car's sophisticated night vision system will project any object that
lies beyond the range of my headlights.
5 Besides, my dream car will also have automatic temperature
control. Most cars take about ten minutes before the temperature is
adjusted. But the system in my car will be able to scan the 35
temperature in the car and decide how to mix hot and cold air for
perfect comfort of the passengers in it.
6 To avoid theft and burglary, it will also have a state-of-the-art alarm
system. If there is any attempt of a break-in, the car will notify me on
the mobile phone as well as the police. As the car is voice- activated, 40
it will only take commands from my voice. If the thief is able to activate
the system, the car can only travel to the nearest police station before
it cruises to a halt and all systems shut down. The thief would be
trapped in the car. In the meantime, the police would have been
notified and help is on the way. Because it is computerised and linked 45
to other computers, the police would be able to track down the car in
a few seconds.
7 Lastly, my dream car should definitely be environmentally- friendly
and economical. It should run on palm oil and should have the ability
to filter polluted gas before releasing it into the environment. 50
8 These features that were once considered unimaginable just ten
years ago, are now a reality. My dream car will definitely be one that
suits my life and be fun to drive around. In the meantime, I will be
zooming around town with my modified, sporty yellow Kancil. See
you on the highway soon. 55
61
(a) what is the writer’s dream?
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) give a reason why the writer is confident that her dream will
soon be a reality?
……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
27 (a) From paragraph 2, why does the writer prefer that the bucket-
seats be foldable or removable?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, what advantage does the car have over an
ordinary car for night driving?
…………………………………………………………………......... [1 mark]
(a) What is the writer’s concern?
.……………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
(b) How has she solved this concern through her dream car?
……………………………………………………………………...... [1 mark]
(a) What does the phrase ‘these features’ (line 51) refer to?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
62
(b) What car is the writer driving till her dream car comes along?
……………………………………………………………………….... [1 mark]
30 Other than those features mentioned, what is the most important

feature that your dream car should have? Give a reason to
support your answer.
Feature : …………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]

 on what the writer wants in her dream car
Your summary must

The writer’s dream car will have the following features. Firstly...
[15 marks]
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No Expected Answers
26 (a) To drive down the highway in her dream car
(b) Science and technology is fast advancing
27 (a) She needs a play area for her children/ Her children should be able to
watch their favourite programmes on the built-in computer.
(b) A sophisticated night vision system which will project any object that lies
beyond the range of the highlights.
28 (a) Pollution of the environment
(b) The dream car runs on palm oil and is able to filter the polluted gas
before releasing it
29 (a) The car’s features
(b) A yellow Kancil
65
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Sporty utility truck
C2 Foldable and removable bucket seats
C3 Built – in television/ computer
C4 Child- safety seat
C5 Computerised
C6 Can receive traffic information
C7 Give reminders
C8 Video camera with an alarm
C9 Keep her awake
C10 Avoid accidents through automatic brakes
C11 Night vision system
C12 Project any object ahead
C13 Can adjust temperature for comfort
C14 Alarm system that trap thieves
C15 Notify police and writer
C16 Environmental- friendly/ able to filter the gas/ use palm oil
66
Section C
[25 marks]
1 Historic surgery to separate Iranian twins Laleh and Laden Bijani, 29,
ended in tragedy when the women died from massive blood loss on the
operating table soon after doctors separated their enmeshed brains. The
deaths of the twins abruptly halted a historic 50-hour operation by a team
of 28 specialists and 100 assistants at Raffles Hospital, Singapore. 5
2 Laden, the more outspoken twin, had wanted to lead a separate life
as a lawyer in her hometown of Shiraz, while Laleh said before the
operation she wanted to be a journalist in Teheran. Both held degrees
in law.
3 The unprecedented operation led by neurosurgeon Dr Keith Goh ran 10
into several major complications and took far longer than expected. After
the operation began on Sunday, doctors opened the joined skull of the
pair, peeling a strip of scalp from each woman. The bone proved
surprisingly thick, causing delays. Five neurosurgeons then began the
extremely delicate process of prying apart the brains millimetre by 15
millimetre.
4 Conjoined twins or Siamese twins is an extremely rare form of
identical twins that occurs in 1 out of every 200,000 live births. They are
formed when a developing embryo begins to split into identical twins, but
then stops part way and matures into a conjoined fetus. Conjoined twins 20
are always identical same-sex twins as they originate from a single
fertilised egg. Curiously 70 percent are female even though identical
twins are often male.
67
5 A staggering 75 percent are still born or die within 24 hours. Only a
very small minority of those who survive eventually undergo separation 25
surgery as very few hospitals have the expertise to perform this kind of
surgery. Tragically, conjoined twins who are fated to spend their entire
lives together also die together as they share a common blood supply
and, often, organs as well.
6 The phrase Siamese Twins was coined for Eng and Chang Bunker, 30
the famous pair of conjoined twins from Thailand, who were joined at the
lower chest. In 1829, at the age of 18, they travelled to US to earn their
living as a circus attraction. Craniopagus twins, like the Iranian twins
Laden and Laleh Bijani, are joined at the head. Ischiopagus twins are
joined at the pelvis and they sometimes share intestines, bladders, 35
genitals and kidneys. Giacomo and Giovanni Battista Tocci, born in Italy
in 1877 were joined above the waist, but shared an abdomen, pelvis and
two legs. They had difficulty walking because each boy controlled only
one leg. But they had artistic talents and were able to write. Touted as
the Two-Headed Boy the Tocci brothers toured Europe and the US for 40
20 years. Cephalopagus twins are joined at the head and chest. These
twins do not survive.
7 Omphalopagus twins are joined at the abdomen and often share a
common liver. These types of twins have the highest survival rate
because the liver is the only organ in the human body that has the ability 45
to regenerate itself. Rachipagus twins are joined at the spine. The
incidence of these twins is extremely low. Parapagus twins are joined at
the side. Separation is possible, but this sometimes results in disability
as, they often share a common limb.
8 Pygopagus twins are joined at the pelvis. This form of conjoined twins 50
is rare, but the survival rate and outlook after separation is good.
Pygopagus twins Millie and Christine Mc Coy billed as the Two-Headed
Nightingale were born into slavery in 1851 in North Carolina. They were
separated from their family and sold several times. However, they
68
enjoyed tremendous success in show business as they danced and 55
sang songs. Millie died of tuberculosis in 1912. Christine died 17 hours
after Millie.
9 Thoracopagus twins are joined at the chest, often with a shared heart.
Malaysia's most well-known conjoined twins, Ahmad and Muhammad
Rosli, born in 1998, were joined in the side from the chest to the pelvis. 60
The twins shared one leg. They were successfully operated at the
National Guard Hospital, Riyadh on September 16, 2002.
Adapted from: The New Straits Times, July 2003
26 From paragraph 1, what caused the death of the Iranian twins?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(a) The operation took a longer time than expected. What was the
cause of the delay?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) Describe the initial part of the operation.
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(c) How are conjoined twins formed?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(d) Why are they always same sex twins?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 5, why only a very small minority of conjoined

twins undergo separation surgery?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
69
(b) From paragraph 6, how did the phrase ‘Siamese Twins’
originate?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(c) From paragraph 9, why do you think Ahmad and Muhamad’s

parents opted for their operation in Riyadh?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
30 If you were to have conjoined twins as classmates, how would you

treat them? Give a reason to support your answer.
Respond : ………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]
31 Based on the passage given, write a summary on

 the types of twins
 The aspect which separates each type of twin.
original meaning.
Your summary must
Conjoined twins have long fascinated the world. The Iranian twins ...
[15 marks]
70
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No Expected Answers
26 Massive blood loss
27 (a) the surprisingly thick scalp
(b) The doctors opened the joined skull of the twins, peeling a strip of scalp
for each woman.
28 (a) a developing embryo begins to split into identical twins but then stops
part way and matures into a conjoined fetus.
(b) they originate from a single fertilised egg.
29 (a) Very few hospitals have the expertise to perform the separation
surgery.
(b) It originated from Chang and Eng Bunker, the famous pair of conjoined
twins from Thailand.
(c) Malaysia, unfortunately, does not have the expertise to perform such a
surgery.
72
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Joined at the head
C2 Eng and Chang, first pair of conjoined twins
C3 Joined at the lower chest
C4 Ischiopagus twins are joined at the pelvis
C5 sometimes share intestines, bladders, genitals and kidneys/ internal

organs
C6 Cephalopagus twins are joined at the head and chest.
C7 Do not survive
C8 Omphalopagus twins are joined at the abdomen
C9 often share a common liver.
C10 Highest survival rate
C11 Rachipagus twins are joined at the spine.
C12 Incident are extremely low
C13 Parapagus twins are joined at the side
C14 Separation is possible
C15 May results in disability
C16 Pygopagus twins are joined at the pelvis
C17 Survival after separation is good
C18 Thoracopagus twins are joined at the chest
C19 often with a shared heart.
73
Section C
[25 marks]
Questions 26 - 31
1 Natsumi jumps onto the train in the nick of time, quickly flips open
her mobile phone and begins to read a romance novel, which she has
downloaded from the Internet using her mobile phone. Natsumi isn't
alone. Since 2006, Japanese eBook lovers like her have collectively
contributed to increase sales of mobile phone eBooks in the country. 5
Natsumi likes the eBook, which is an electronic book, because she does
not have to carry the printed version wherever she goes. Just like a
printed book, an eBook has numbered pages, table of contents and even
pictures.
2 Natsumi can even turn a page at the click of a button. In addition, she 10
can change the font size and read her novel in the dark as her mobile
phone comes with a built-in backlight. As Natsumi continues to read her
novel, she uses the search and dictionary features often to look up a
word. For her, reading novels and comic books for free is great, although
she has to pay for selected novels. The fact that the eBooks can be 15
downloaded (via Internet) and read instantly is a plus point as Natsumi
is always on the move. When she is at home, she also reads eBooks on
her personal computer.
3 However, Natsumi's friend, Sakura, who tried to read an eBook, gave
up after a few attempts. She finds reading an eBook - which was 20
invented by Michael Hart in 1971 - on the mobile phone or PC hard on
her eyes. Sakura enjoys the smell, look and feel of a printed book. She
despises the idea of lugging an eBook device - a portable gadget
74
powered by battery and a display for viewing text and pictures.
Moreover, Sakura is clueless when it comes to eBook formats, as some 25
of the eBooks are not compatible with the eBook reader, a software for
reading eBooks. Sakura feels it is like a videotape player when your
favourite book is only available on DVD.
4 As the above illustrations show, Natsumi and Sakura are two different
personalities caught in the eBook phenomenon in Japan. In Malaysia, 30
the eBook trend is growing albeit slowly. It is more common among
learning institutions. The National Library of Malaysia runs an eBook
library called eBrary which provides access to a variety of subjects. The
eBrary is part of Mylib, a project under the National Digital Library
initiative. Mylib serves as a one-stop centre and a gateway to knowledge 35
and information on the Internet. Mylib provides access to seven local
databases and four foreign databases. The library also subscribes to
NSTP and Lawnet for local library users. As the information gateway, it
has opened doors to people from all walks of life to gain access to digital
information. 40
5 What are the advantages of eBooks? Most people read eBooks for
academic purposes while others, like Natsumi, read for leisure. For
academic purposes, eBooks scores a first because they provide up-to-
date information compared to the traditional publication process. The
latter takes too long and by the time a book gets published, the content 45
is at least two years outdated. Articles and documents related to
technical subjects and work can be rather lengthy and so the printed
form can be cumbersome to carry around. With an eBook, the
information can be read anywhere on a notebook and stored in a
computer. Moreover, there are no more worries about cockroaches and 50
silverfish infestation.
6 For pleasure reading, eBooks may be free, and they are easier to
browse as you can read different samples, find out more information
about the book or writer and you generally have access to them for as
75
long as you like. The downside of eBooks is that not everything is 55
available for free. Some readers are not keen about staring at the
computer screen for hours. However, the eBook is an interesting
concept.
(c) Why does Natsumi like the eBook?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(d) In what way is an eBook similar to a printed book?
………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
27 From paragraph 3, give two reasons why Sakura gave up the

eBook concept.
(i) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(ii) …………………………………………………………………
28 From paragraph 4, how useful is the Mylib?
……………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
29 From paragraph 5, what advantages do eBooks have over

traditional books from the following aspects?
(a) Contents
………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
(b) Handling and accessibility
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(c) Upkeep
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
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30 Would you prefer eBook or printed books for text book? Give a
reason to support your answer.
Respond : ………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]
31 Based on the passage given, write a summary on

 reasons for the popularity of the eBooks
 advantages of eBooks
Your summary must

The eBook is increasingly popular because it has the structure...
[15 marks]
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Answers for Question 26 - 30
No Expected Answers
26 (a) She does not have to carry the printed version wherever she goes
(b) an eBook has numbered pages, table of contents and even pictures
27 She finds reading eBooks hard on the eyes/ She enjoys the smell, look and
feel of a printed book.
28 It is a one-stop centre and a gateway to knowledge and information on the
Internet.
29 (a) They provide up-to-date information compared to the traditional
publication process which takes too long and the contents can be
outdated.
(b) The information in eBooks can be read anywhere on a notebook and
stored in a computer
(c) There are no more worries about cockroaches and silverfish infestation.
79
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 Printed version
C2 Can be read wherever you go
C3 Even in the dark
C4 Built- in backlight in the mobile phone
C5 Font size can be changed
C6 Difficult words can be looked up/ use search and dictionary features
C7 Downloadable via internet
C8 Preferred for academic purposes
C9 Provides access to up-to-date information
C10 Printed documents can be cumbersome
C11 Storage and retrieval is easier
C12 Safer
C13 It may be free
80
13. SOCIAL ISSUE
Section C
[25 marks]
1 That morning on December 10, 2010, Roma Taljera arrived at the call centre
bright and early. She had been working there for two years and loved her job,
connecting with customers and making new friends. After work that Friday, she
headed home alone after her shift, looking forwards to having supper with her
parents and brother, and a long phone chat with her fiancé Vijay. 5
Managing to squeeze herself into a ladies’ compartment on the Mumbai

2 suburban electric train, she tried to settle into a corner near the door. Jammed
between other women, she was trying to find some space to stand safely on when
she suddenly got pushed, lost her foothold and was thrown out of the coach.
Baleshwar Mishra has a very different story. The lanky youngster, an 10

3 unemployed high school dropout, has recently come to Mumbai to look for a job.
His job hunt had proved fruitless and he was running out of options. He had spent
his day with a friend, watched a movie and boarded the train. Standing near the
door of his train speeding in the opposite direction, he could not believe what he
had just seen - a young woman in black salwar kameez lying next to the tracks. 15
“There’s a girl by the tracks!’ people cried out. Impulsively, Baleshwar grabbed
4 the train’s red emergency chain and pulled it down frantically. The train screeched,
slowing down. “Let’s go and help her!” he shouted to the other passengers. But
nobody volunteered, afraid of getting involved, of being inconvenienced perhaps.
His heart hammering in his chest, Baleshwar jumped off the still-moving train. As 20
he landed on the ground, a burst of pain shot up his ankle. But there was no real
81
damage. He got up and started to sprint back between the tracks as his train
picked up the speed again and disappeared. “I hope I am not too late,” he thought,
gasping for breath. After running for several times, he found her sprawled by the
side of the tracks. “Sister, are you alright?’ But there was no response and no help 25
in sight.
Baleshwar could see blood flowing out of the gash behind the young woman’s
5 head. Saying a silent prayer, he lifted Roma gingerly and made his way away
across the track, searching for a way out. He crossed through some shrubbery
and followed the direction of the sounds until he found the road. “My sister is 30
injured,” he implored motorists who drove by. “Please help me take her to the
hospital.” But no one stopped.
Just when he was beginning to lose hope, a tempi-truck pulled over and its
6 middle -aged driver steeped out. “Help me,” Baleshwar pleaded and the man
helped him lay Roma down in the back of his truck. Ten minutes later, they arrived 35
at a small hospital. But as the facility lacked personnel and equipment, the on-
duty physician was not able to do more than give basic first aid. He advised that
she be moved to a bigger hospital nearby. Baleshwar and the driver had no choice
but to move her back into the truck. When the vehicle moved, Roma stirred and
opened her eyes. Before she blacked out again, Baleshwar managed to her name 40
and her brother Dinesh’s mobile phone number. he used the driver’s phone to call
Dinesh
Dinesh rushed to the hospital and arrived at Divine Hospital minutes later. Dr
7 Agarwal, the medical director there, admitted her immediately to the intensive care
unit. He asked Baleshwar to hang around until Roma’s family arrived. They 45
noticed then the driver, having done all he could, had left quietly, “Oh, I couldn’t
thank him!” Baleshwar thought.
82
8 Roma was still unconscious. But her X-rays showed that although the injuries
looked severe, all she needed were deep wound sutures. There would be no 50
lasting damage, but Dr Agarwal believed she could have bled to death had nobody
helped her. When Roma finally opened her eyes that night, her brother and fiancé
were by her side. She could barely speak; she just nodded and fell asleep again.
When Baleshwar came to meet her the next morning, Roma was still partly
9 sedated. Her fiancé, Vijay, struggled to find the words. “Thank you,” he finally 55
said to a smiling Baleshwar. Roma was amazed to learn of the manner in which
she had been rescued. “I think it’s astonishing that a stranger would jump off a
train and risk his life for me. I can never repay Baleshwar.
“I am new to Mumbai, but I notice that people here are afraid,” Baleshwar, who
10 is still looking for a job, say. “They fear getting trapped in the courts or with the 60
police.” So why did he do it? “She needed help,” he simply says. “That day, it was
Roma. Tomorrow, it could be you or me by the tracks, bleeding and alone.”
26 (a) From paragraph 1, which part of her job did Roma love?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 2, how did Roma fall from the coach on her
way home on 10 December 2010?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
27 (a) From paragraph 3, what was Baleshwar doing in Mumbai?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, why did Baleshwar pull the emergency

chain in the train?
…………………………………………………………………………. 1 mark]
83
28 From paragraph 5 and 6, what two problems did Baleshwar
encounter while trying to get medical treatment for Roma?
(i) …………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

(ii) ……………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 7, why do you think the driver left without
seeing Baleshwar?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 10, what did Baleshwar notice about the
people in Mumbai?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
30 In your own words, state one quality of Baleshwar that you admire.
Provide a reason to support your answer.

Quality : ………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
Reason : ……………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
31 Baleshwar Mishra endeavoured to save a young girl who had fallen off a
moving train even though he did not know her.
Based on the passage given, write a summary on

 what he faced in his attempt to get her to the hospital.
Your summary must
84
Baleshwar was standing near the door of his moving rain…
[15 marks]
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Answers for Questions 26 - 30
No Expected Answers
26 (a) she loved connecting with customers and making new friends
(b) she tried to find a safe place to stand but suddenly got pushed, lost her
foothold and was thrown out of the coach
27 (a) Baleshwar was looking for a job.

(b) He saw a young woman in black salwar kameez lying next to the track
and pulled the emergency chain to stop the train
28 the motorist refused to stop to take the injures girl to the hospital/ The
nearest hospital lacked personnel and equipment
29 (a) The driver is a kind man and does not expect any reward / The driver
had done his good deed and did not want any trouble.
(Accept any suitable answer which the student can give)
(b) The people in Mumbai were afraid of helping others because they
feared getting trapped in the courts or the police.
30 Quality: selfless / helpful / brave
Reason: He jumped off the train to help Roma Taljera without thinking of
his safety
(Accept any suitable answer related to the quality)
86
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 he saw a young woman lying next to the tracks
C2 he pulled the emergency chain
C3 nobody wanted to help the her
C4 he ran to the girl who was lying bleeding and unconscious
C5 he carried the girl across the track
C6 the motorist refused to help
C7 a middle man in a tempo-truck stopped
C8 the hospital was undermanned and under equipped
C9 they were leaving for a bigger hospital nearby
C10 Baleshwar managed to get the girl’s detail before she lost conscious again
C11 after calling her brother and admitting her, Baleshwar noticed the driver
had left
C12 Roma could have bled to death if Baleshwar did not help her
87
14. SOCIAL ISSUE
Section C
[25 marks]
Questions 26 - 31
1 All kinds of celebrations are going on around the world to create

awareness about tigers. Unfortunately, deep in the Malayan rainforest,
there are no celebrations. It is just another day as the future of my tribe and
fellow forest dwellers seem grim.
2 I wanted to make my day a bit cheerful by hoping to have a sambar deer 5
for lunch, but I have not spotted one in weeks. I have to settle for a goat
which isn’t a favourite dish on a festive day in the jungle. As I finish my
simple meal and survey the jungle around me, a shiver runs down my spine
when I see the near emptiness of my surroundings. It makes me think how
one species is driving biodiversity loss at an unprecedented rate. Man’s 10
reckless actions are leaving devastating impacts on this fragile planet.
3 My tribe, the iconic Malayan Tiger that is known as king of the tropical
jungle, is fast disappearing along with the other forest dwellers. In fact, in
my lifetime I have seen the Sumatran rhinoceros fade into extinction in the
Malayan peninsula. I have been told that during my forefathers’ era, we too 15
had the Javan rhinoceros but they were driven to extinction in the 1930s by
merciless game hunting when this land was ruled by people from a far-off
4 country.
The fate of the Sumatran rhino is a sad story. It evokes many emotions
in me – anger, sadness, sense of loss and depression. They were driven 20
to extinction probably because of change in land use, poaching and lack of
knowledge. As I reminisce about my Javan and Sumatran rhino friends, the
fate of my own tribe comes to my mind. In fact, I have just come back after
5 roaming the forest and it’s scary that I have not met any of my buddies for
quite a while. I hope they are fine. 25
88
We, tigers have been hunted by man relentlessly. We are also being
6 poached mercilessly for our body parts which are being processed into
luxury decorative items and medicinal remedies.
My wise grandfather told me that in the 1970s there were about 3,000
of us gracefully roaming in the Malayan peninsula. Now, only 10 percent of 30
that number remains. If there is no action taken by the relevant authorities
7 to save us, I am certain my tribe will be at the brink of extinction in
peninsular Malaysia by 2030. I pray this does not happen.
The forest spirit has urged me to be optimistic on this auspicious day. I
am sure since Malaysia’s football team is named after us and one 35
prominent bank also uses us on their logo, Malaysians will not let us fade
from this land. I am not being self-centred in asserting the need to save my
tribe. We, tigers are an umbrella species. Saving us saves biodiversity, the
ecosystem and all my fellow forest dwellers. This in return ensures the
8 continued ecosystem services which man heavily relies on for their well- 40
being and material progress. I hope man realises we are all connected in
this fragile web of life and that conservation is development too.
I end this lengthy roar by extending my appreciation for the continued
efforts taken by the government, NGO’s and other stakeholders in trying to
save us and the flora and fauna of this beautiful country. On behalf of my 45
tribe, I salute all of you. It is our hope that we will continue to roam this land
forever. Happy Tiger’s Day!
26 From paragraph 1, why is the celebration for Tiger’s Day held?
…………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
(a) what did the tiger have for lunch?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
89
(b) who does the one species refer to?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 3, which word means ancestors?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, state two reasons that have caused the
Sumatran rhinos cease to exit.
(i) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(ii) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
29 (a) From paragraph 5, why are tigers hunted?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 6, what could possibly save the tigers?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
30 What do you think the tiger feels of its future? Give one reason.
Feeling : ………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

Reason : ………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
31 The Malayan tiger and other forest dwellers face a grim future.
Based on the passage, write a summary on
 the problems faced by the Malayan tiger and other animals.
Your summary must

The tiger wanted to have a sambar deer for lunch …

[15 marks]
90
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91
Answers for Questions 26 - 30 :
No Expected Answers
26 to create awareness about tigers

27 (a) goat
(b) man
28 (a) forefathers
(b) change in land use/ poaching/ lack of knowledge (choose any two)
29 (a) for their body parts
(b) action taken by the relevant authorities

30 Feeling: optimistic/fearful/worried/ scared
Reason: might become extinct/ there is chance to live
(Accept any suitable answer related to the feeling)
92
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 have not spotted one in weeks
C2 goat is not a favourite dish
C3 surrounding is empty
C4 biodiversity loss at an unprecedented rate
C5 man’s reckless action
C6 tigers fast disappearing
C7 other forest dwellers
C8 Sumatran rhino fade into extinction
C9 change in land use
C10 poaching
C11 lack of knowledge
C12 tigers have been hunted by man relentlessly
C13 being poached for body parts
Note :
93
15. SOCIAL ISSUE
Section C
[25 marks]
Questions 26 - 31
1 Nike is one of the best known brands today. The brand is so well
known that the company routinely runs ads without mentioning the
name. In fact, it is not surprising to find that most of the Nike products
carry no brand identification other than the ‘swoosh’. This is the power
of marketing skills. That is why, no matter what your sport, chances 5
are one of your favourite athletes wears the Nike ‘swoosh’.
2 However, Nike knows that good marketing is more than promotional
hype and promises – it means consistently delivering real value to
customers. Nike’s first success resulted from superior quality running
and basketball shoes especially made for serious athletes who were 10
frustrated by the lack of innovation in athletic equipment. Until now, Nike
leads the sports world for its innovation in product development.
3 “Just do it!” This slogan rocketed Nike sky-high in popularity and trust
and this led it to become a way of life. When one laces up a Nike gear,
in a small way, one is linked to all that Nike represents through 15
popular sports apparel figures such as Tiger Woods, Lionel Messi and
Arjen Robben. They are best known for their competitive yet cool
characteristics, which are closely matched with the brand thus
relating to the syllogism “Nike is athletes, athletes are sports and
therefore Nike is Sports”. This is what Nike marketers want its 20
customers to know. They want t o b u i l d re la t io n sh ip s b e t we e n
N i k e , it s a t h le t e s a n d it s customers.
4 A recent slump in sales and earnings, which coincided with the
global economic crisis, did not stop Nike from brashly predicting a
healthy sales growth for the next five years. To meet this ambitious 25
94
goal, Nike is moving aggressively into new product categories, sports
and regions of the world. Nike’s sports apparel explosive business
indicates Nike’s success. Encouraged, Nike is now slapping its familiar
“Swoosh” logo on everything from sunglasses to soccer balls.
5 To chart glory for itself, Nike is now trying to break into the world’s 30
most popular sport – soccer. According to research, world soccer is a
multibillion- dollar market. However, Nike has only managed to capture
3% of this market. Therefore, Nike has made it a top priority to be the
world’s number one supplier of soccer footwear, apparel and equipment.
To do so, Nike is looking towards World Cup 2014 to be the platform to 35
launch its strategies to achieve this goal.
6 Elbowing its way to the top will not be easy, as Adidas has made a
niche in the soccer world. Nike will have to work overtime to overthrow
Adidas, which has dominated the soccer world for the past fifty years.
Nike has embarked on fierce marketing strategies. Nike’s open wallet 40
spending has dazzled the soccer world and its vast resources are rapidly
changing the economics of the game.
7 Despite splashing multimillion dollars on sponsoring soccer games,
Nike is not guaranteed an overwhelming success in the future. In fact,
s o m e Nike watchers fear that Nike’s global expansion will result in the 45
loss of focus and over exposure of the Nike brand. Teenagers thrive to
be different and therefore ‘over swooshing’ will lead to the brand
becoming uncool, too common to be a statement.
(Adapted from The Star, 2008)
26 (a) From paragraph 1, how do we know that the Nike brand is well
known?
………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]
95
(b) From paragraph 2, why were the serious athletes frustrated?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(a) what made Nike become a way of life?

[1 mark]
…………………………………………………………………………..
(b) what do Nike marketers want their customers to know?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 4, which word has the same meaning as

‘downfall’?
[1 mark]
…………………………………………………………………………
(b) From paragraph 6, why has Nike embarked on fierce marketing
strategies?
………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
29 From paragraph 7, what fears do Nike watchers have?
(i) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(ii) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
30 In your own words, why do you think the author predicts that over
swooshing could lead the Nike brand to become uncool?
……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
96
31 Based on the passage, write a summary of
 Nike’s marketing strategies
 Nike’s ambitions
Your summary must
Credit will be given for use of own words, but care must be taken not to change the original
meaning.
Nike realizes that good marketing involves more than promotions and …
[15 marks]
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98
Answers for Questions 26 – 30
No Answers
26 (a) The company routinely runs ads without mentioning the name
(b) (they were frustrated by the) lack of innovation in athletic equipment
27 (a) The slogan/ Nike’s popularity and trust /The slogan that rocketed Nike’s
popularity and trust
(b) The syllogism “Nike is athletes, athletes are sports and therefore Nike is
sports”
28 (a) slump
(b) to overthrow Adidas
29 the loss of focus/ over exposure of the (Nike) brand
30 Too many products by Nike will make it become too common/ ordinary/
not exclusive/lose its identity
(Accept any suitable answer)
99
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 consistently delivering real value
C2 innovation in (product) development
C3 (sky) high in popularity and trust
C4 represented through popular figures
C5 known for competitive
C6 yet cool characteristics
C7 want to build relationship with athletes and customers
C8 moving (aggressively) into new product categories
C9 sports apparel explosive business
C10 indicates Nike’s success
C11 slapping its (familiar) logo on everything
C12 trying to break into soccer
C13 (top) priority to be (world’s) number 1 supplier
C14 work (overtime) to overthrow Adidas
C15 embarked on fierce marketing strategies
100
16. SOCIAL ISSUE
Section C
[25 marks]
Questions 26 - 31
1 It was the year 1980, Puan Hasnah ended the previous decade sadly
by burying her husband of twenty years. Encik Kamal had been struck
down by cancer which was discovered too late. He passed away in just
six months after he was diagnosed with the terminal illness. Their
savings were completely depleted in a desperate attempt to lengthen his 5
life by seeking the best treatments. In the end, he lost his valiant battle
with the disease and life changed for the entire family.
2 Puan Hasnah was then forty-five years old, with four school-going
children aged twelve, fifteen, nineteen and twenty. She was determined
that her children should continue their studies despite the two older 10
children wanting to temporarily stop their studies in order to find work
and help support the family. She understood that they wanted to help
the family financially. Yet, she could not bear to think of her children
giving up something that they would not otherwise have had to if their
father had still been alive. 15
3 Since the two older girls were away at universities, Puan Hasnah had
to be independent. Puan Hasnah was indeed thankful that they had
scholarships and study loans that covered their expenses. She decided
to use the one asset she had which was the family car. She had a driver’s
license but had seldom driven anywhere as her husband was always 20
around to send her to any location she wanted to go. As her two
daughters each learnt to drive, they were the ones who had driven her
around.
101
4 After careful thought, Puan Hasnah decided to offer neighbourhood
children transport to school and charge a small fee. After all, she sent 25
her two younger sons to school anyway. Before long, she found that she
was making two trips to send the schoolchildren and then three trips.
She picked the children up after school too. The other parents were more
than pleased with the service that she offered as they knew her situation
and they also knew that she was a careful driver. 30
5 Then, Puan Hasnah remembered another asset that she could utilise.
There was an old sewing machine that had long been tucked away into
the storeroom and forgotten. She took it out and found that it was in good
working condition. She had learnt to sew when she was a teenager but
as her life got more and more secure financially, she had opted to buy 35
clothes off the rack for her children and herself. Her husband had been
generous by giving her a large amount of housekeeping money every
month. Alas, she had not seen the need to save much of it when things
were going well.
6 Puan Hasnah started to offer her services as a seamstress as she 40
was adapt at sewing the traditional baju kurung and baju kebaya. Her
friends had initially felt sorry for her when she unabashedly asked
them to let her sew their clothes for them. However, they were soon
pleasantly surprised when they found that she was very good at what
she did. They began to tell others about her skills and gradually she 45
had more and more customers. She would work steadily on her
sewing in between her trips to send and fetch the schoolchildren.
7 One day, a representative of the Al–Ahmadi Foundation, a non-
profit organisation that helped deserving entrepreneurs, came to see
Puan Hasnah. One of her customers, a committee member of the 50
foundation, had recommended her as a deserving candidate to
receive free equipment in order to carry out her small enterprise. They
interviewed Puan Hasnah, who gave a favourable impression as a
talented, hard-working and determined entrepreneur. As a result, she
102
received a hemming machine that could do edging for the clothes she 55
produced, as well as a machine for embroidery.
8 That was the day that Puan Hasnah knew she could survive to see
all her children complete their schooling and tertiary education. She
realised that sewing was a skill that was invaluable. She did not need
much starting capital, just the basic thread, needles, zippers and 60
backing for collars and waistbands. People paid a lot for her skills and
she was proud to say that she has been blessed with it.
9 Not everyone experiences what it is like to face the darkest hours
before dawn. Now, Puan Hasnah could look forward to a bright future.
Whenever there is a will, there is a way. 65
(a) ………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 2, why were the serious athletes frustrated?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
(a) what made Nike become a way of life?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(b) what do Nike marketers want their customers to know?
…………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 4, which word has the same meaning as

‘downfall’?
[1 mark]
…………………………………………………………………………
(b) From paragraph 6, why has Nike embarked on fierce marketing
strategies?
………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
103
29 From paragraph 7, what fears do Nike watchers have?
(i) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

(ii) ………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
30 In your own words, why do you think the author predicts that over
swooshing could lead the Nike brand to become uncool?
……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
31 Based on the passage, write a summary of
 what Puan Hasnah did to make a new life for her family.
Your summary must

original meaning.
She knew she had to be independent and decided to….

[15 marks]
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105
Maximum: 10 marks
No Answers
26 (a) She used the savings to seek for the best cancer treatments for her
husband.
(b) In 1979 / In the year 1979
27 Her husband and two (elder) daughters were the ones who had driven her
around.
28 (a) She used the family car to offer neighbourhood children transport to
school to earn money.
(b) Adapt
29 (a) To interview Puan Hasnah as a deserving candidate to receive free
equipment to run her small enterprise.
(b) A hemming machine and a machine for embroidery. /
Her talent, hard work and determination. /
Puan Hasnah was seen as a talented, hard-working and determined
entrepreneur.
30 It is important to be determined to find ways or solutions in order to get
what I really want even if it is very difficult. If I am not determined enough,
I would not be able to achieve what I want. / As a student, it is important
for me to keep on trying and finding ways to be successful in my studies.
If I practice setting my mind and heart to it, I will be able to improve
myself hence securing for a brighter future. / This proverb is important to
show me how to be successful. If I put a strong will into something, I
must work hard for it and keep on trying to find ways to get what I want.
Therefore, this proverb would also hinder me from quitting and giving up
so easily in life.
(Accept any reasonable / logical response.)

N.B.: Students must explain the importance of using the proverb
given in their life.
106
Maximum: 10 marks
C1 use the one asset she had which was the family car
C2 offered the neighbourhood children transport to school
C3 charge a small fee
C4 picked the children up after school too
C5 remembered another asset which was an old sewing machine
C6 took it out and found that it was in good working condition
C7 had learnt to sew when was a teenager
C8 started to offer her services as a seamstress
C9 asked her friends to let her sew their clothes for them
C10 (her friends) began to tell others about her skills
C11 (gradually) had more customers
C12 A representative from the Al-Ahmadi organisation came to see her
C13 was recommended as a deserving candidate to receive free equipment
(for her small enterprise)
C14 they interviewed her and was impressed by her talent, hard-work and
determination
C15 received a hemming machine and a machine for embroidery
107
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1.

2 I wanted to make my day a bit cheerful by hoping to have a sambar 5

3 My tribe, the iconic Malayan Tiger that is known as king of the

4 The fate of the Sumatran rhino is a sad story. It evokes many 20

6 My wise grandfather told me that in the 1970s there were about 30

7 The forest spirit has urged me to be optimistic on this auspicious

8 I end this lengthy roar by extending my appreciation for the

26 From paragraph 1, why is the celebration for Tiger’s Day held?

(a) what did the tiger have for lunch?

(b) who does the one species refer to?

28 (a) From paragraph 3, which word means ancestors?

(b) From paragraph 6, what could possibly save the tigers?

Feeling : ……………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

Reason : ………………………………………………………………….…[1 mark]

Your summary must

Begin your summary as follows:

b) i) change in land use

29 a) for their body parts

b) action taken by the relevant

Feelings : optimistic/fearful/worried/ scared

Reason: might become extinct/ there is chance to live

(Any other plausible feelings with logical reason

C2 goat is not a favourite dish

C4 biodiversity loss at an unprecedented rate

C5 man’s reckless action

C6 tigers fast disappearing

C7 other forest dwellers

C8 Sumatran rhino fade into extinction

C9 change in land use

C11 lack of knowledge

C12 tigers have been hunted by man relentlessly

C13 being poached for body parts

 The pronoun I should be changed to third person.

Questions 26 – 31 are based on the following passage.

4 In the case of the drug-addicted elephants, it is usually amphetamines. The

Drug addiction can sometimes result in broken bones. Thailand has an

6 Medication dosages must be calculated carefully. A typical human is around 35

10 At the grandstand, there is a demonstration of log-rolling before easels are set

(Adapted from Reader’s Digest)

(a) what is the elephants’ problem?

(b) (b) which word means “very thin”?

(a) state two facilities provided by the hospital.

(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 5, how do the drugs work on elephants in logging?

29 From paragraph 7, after being treated, what happens to the

 how the elephants are treated and

Your summary must:

 be in continuous writing form (not in note form)

Begin your summary as follows:

The elephants are kept in the jungle behind the hospital …

28 a) car fumes and/or industrial pollution

b) they drive the elephants to work harder at log-stacking /

they make the elephants work furiously

29 a) they are released to the conservation centre.

30 Accept any reasonable answers. Reason 1 and Reason 2 must not be

They elephants are protected / safe from their heartless owners.

C2 amphetamines given to the drug addicted elephants /

C3 the doctors give the elephants tranquillisers to calm them

C4 the doctors give antibiotics to kill infections

C7 medications are supplied orally

C8 medications are supplied through drips

C9 bad-tasting medicines are hidden in food

C10 an elephant orchestra, (with elephants playing a range of instruments including