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1
Roger Bastide, “Acculturation”, in Encyclopedia Universalis, p.114

'(‫ ر‬،‫ي‬+‫ا‬,‫ ا‬-‫ـ‬/‫ـ‬0$‫ ا‬123 '#(0$‫ت ا‬5"6‫ ﻡ‬:‫"ی!ر‬# !$%‫  أ‬:‫ ادة وا ی‬2
.3 - 2 ‫ ص‬،2002-2001 +‫ا‬,‫ ا‬،‫(ن‬8$2‫' ﺕ‬6‫ ﺝ(ﻡ‬،8‫ﻡ(ﺝ‬
3
‫ دی"ان ا@زخ‬CD E‫' ا‬F2 ‫ آ(ب‬$I، J‫ ﻥ"ر ا!ی دروی‬L6‫ ﻡ‬M‫ أﺝا‬3(N‫ ا‬O‫"ار ﻡ‬% . ?‫@! ا‬3 ، ‫(دي‬$% ‫ـ‬
. 38 ‫ ص‬، 2002 ،+‫ا‬,‫ا‬، ‫ی‬+‫ا‬,‫(ب ا‬Q‫(د ا‬R‫"رات اﺕ‬N‫ ﻡ‬،1‫ط‬، Q8‫وا‬
4
. 39 ، 38 ‫ ص‬،L8‫ ﻥ‬O‫ﺝ‬$‫ ا‬.?‫@! ا‬3، ‫(دي‬$% ‫ـ‬
5
. 39 ‫ ص‬، L8‫ ﻥ‬O‫ﺝ‬$‫ـ ا‬
6
‫ دی"ان‬CD E‫' ا‬F2 ‫ آ(ب‬$I ، J‫ ﻥ"ر ا!ی دروی‬L6‫ ﻡ‬M‫ أﺝا‬3(N‫ ا‬O‫"ار ﻡ‬% . ?‫@! ا‬3 ،‫(دي‬$% - (1)
. 39 ‫ ص‬،Q8‫ا@زخ وا‬
*
."‫ورو‬، @8QN‫ووه"راس وﺕ‬، ‫ﺝ‬D‫ و‬، ‫ آ((ت ه"ﻡوس‬CW‫ ا‬X‫!ی‬/‫! ا‬Y6( !/‫ی‬

11
 ‫ی‪($% :‬دي ‪ !@3‬ا? ‪ .‬ا‪6N‬ی' ا‪  '6‬ا‪5‬ﺕ@(ع وا‪!5‬اع ‪ ،‬ﻡ‪"N‬رات اﺕ‪(R‬د ا‪(Q‬ب ا‪,‬ا‪+‬ی ‪ ،‬ا‪,‬ا‪2005 +‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ص ‪. 110‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. 111‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا‪6N‬ی' ا‪  '6‬ا‪5‬ﺕ@(ع وا‪!5‬اع‪ ،‬ص ‪. 120‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪122، 121‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. 129‬‬
‫‪11‬‬
‫‪($% -‬دي ‪ !@3‬ا?‪ .‬دی"ان ا@زخ وا‪،Q8‬ط‪ ،3‬دار ه"ﻡ' ‪ '3(@F2‬وا‪ N‬وا"زی‪،O‬ا‪,‬ا‪،2002،+‬ص ص‪-09‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫*‬
‫وه"ا!ی"ان ا_ي ‪(D‬ز ‪+(,‬ة ﻡ^‪ !@3 '8‬ا‪6‬ی ‪"6‬د ا@(‪!] F‬اع ا‪6N‬ي آ\‪ 8%‬دی"ان ﺵ‪ CD 6‬دورة‬
‫‪  C23‬ا‪/$‬ب ا‪"6‬ﻥ‪(6 C‬م ‪! . 2002‬و' ا‪"Q‬ی‪. a‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا@زخ وا‪ ، Q8‬ص ‪. 05‬‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ،L8‬و ا‪ 'R‬ﻥ‪. (Y8‬‬
‫‪14‬‬
‫ـ أ@س ‪ ،‬ر‪ .‬م ‪ .‬ا‪5‬ﺕ‪(,‬ه(ت ا‪d‬د' ا‪!R‬ی‪ ، '0‬ﺕﺝ‪ '$‬ﺝ"رج ‪b‬ا‪،CN‬ط‪ ،3‬ﻡ‪"N‬رات ‪!"3‬ات ‪ ،‬وت ‪/‬‬
‫(ری‪ ، 1983 ، f‬ص ‪. 126‬‬
‫‪15‬‬
‫ـ ﺹ‪R‬اوي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا‪8‬م ‪ 'F2 .‬ا‪ ، E‬ص ‪. 47‬‬
‫‪16‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا@زخ وا‪ Q8‬ص ‪. 5‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ا‪ 'R‬ﻥ‪. (Y8‬‬
‫‪17‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. 6‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫ـ ی ‪ ،‬أ@س ‪ .‬ا‪5‬ﺕ‪(,‬ه(ت ا‪d‬د' ا‪!R‬ی‪ ، '0‬ص ‪. 132– 128‬‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا‪6N‬ی' ا‪ '6‬ص ‪. 177‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ L8‬وا‪ 'R‬ﻥ‪.(Y8‬‬
‫‪21‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا@زخ وا‪ ، Q8‬ص ‪. 06‬‬
‫‪22‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ،L8‬ص ‪06‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫‪ -‬ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. 07‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫ـ ﺹ‪R‬اوي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا‪8‬م ‪ 'F2 .‬ا‪ ، ...E‬ص ‪. 49‬‬
‫‪25‬‬
‫ـ ا‪$‬ﺝ‪ O‬ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. . 50‬‬
‫‪26‬‬
‫ــ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا@زخ وا‪ ، Q8‬ص ‪. 08‬‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫ـ ی ‪($% .‬دي ‪ !@3‬ا? ‪ .‬ا@زخ وا‪ ، Q8‬ص ‪. 09‬‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ L8‬ا‪ 'R‬ﻥ‪. (Y8‬‬
‫‪29‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ L8‬ا‪ 'R‬ﻥ‪.(Y8‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫ـ ا‪!$‬ر ﻥ‪ ، L8‬ص ‪. 13‬‬
‫‪31‬‬
‫ـ أ@س ‪ .‬ا‪5‬ﺕ‪(,‬ه(ت ا‪d‬د' ا‪!R‬ی‪ '0‬ص ‪. 157‬‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫ـ أ@س ‪ .‬ا‪$‬ﺝ‪ O‬ﻥ‪ .L8‬ص ص ‪. 167 ، 166‬‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫ـ ‪($%‬دي ‪ !@3 ،‬ا? ‪ .‬ا‪6N‬ی' ا‪... '6‬ص ‪. 184‬‬

‫‪12‬‬