REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU GIÁN TIẾP-CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)

I. Định nghĩa: Reported Speech là câu kể lại lời nói của một người nào đó
II. Vài điểm cần lưu ý khi đổi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.
Khi động từ của Mệnh Đề chính nằm ở QÚA KHỨ thì khi đô ̉ i từ câu trư ́ sang gián tiêp
̣ c tiêp ́ (tườ ng
thuâ ̉ i 3 yêu
̣ t), ta cần đô ́ tố sau: ngôi, thì cu
̉ a đô
̣ ng từ , và tra ̣ ng ngữ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Ex: “I will give you my book tomorrow”, Tom said to me.
S O
Câu trực tiếp
Mệnh đề chính
 Tom told me that (he) would give (me) (his) book (the next day).
 Tom promised to give (me) (his) book (the next day).

1. Ngôi: NHẤT – CHỦ, NHỊ –

TÂN

Trong câu trực tiếp:

Ngôi nhất: I, me, my; We, us, our We, us, our
Ngôi nhị: You, you, your They, them, their
- Đổi ngôi NHẤT phù hợp với CHỦ ngữ của mệnh đề chính
- Đổi ngôi NHỊ phù hợp với TÂN ngữ của mệnh đề chính
2. Thì của động từ: 1

TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP
HTĐ (V1,s,es) QKĐ (V2/ed) WILL WOULD MUST HAD TO
HTTD QKTD
(am,is,are + Ving) (was, were + Ving)
HTHT
QKHT CAN COULD
(have/has + V3/ed)
(had + V3/ed)
QKĐ (V2/ed) MAY MIGHT

3. Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn: 2

TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP
today that day - the day after
- the day before
tonight that night yesterday tomorrow - the following day
- the previous day
ago before - the next day
here there - the week after
- the week before
now then last week next week - the following week
- the previous week
this that - the next week
these those

III. Phân loại câu trực tiếp:

1. Câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi Yes/ No question 3

Đề: “Câu hỏi Yes/ No question?” S + V + (O)

asked + (O)
 S + wondered + if + [S + V (lùi thì)]
wanted to know whether
 Ex 1: “Have you seen that film?” he askeD.  He asked if/whether I had seen that film.
Ex 2: “Will Tom be here tomorrow?” she wondereD.
 She wondered if Tom would be there the next day

2. Câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi Wh-question 4

Đề: “Câu hỏi Wh-question?” S + V + (O)

asked + (O)
 S + wondered + [Wh-word + S + V (lùi thì)]
wanted to know

Ex 1: “What time does the film begin?” Mary askeD.

 Mary wondered what time the film began.

Ex 2: “Who put salt in my coffee?” he askeD.

 He wanted to know who had put salt in his coffee.

3. Câu trực tiếp là câu phát biểu (câu khẳng định) 5

Đề: “Câu khẳng định,” S + V + (O)

said that
 S + said to O that + S + V (lùi thì)
told O that
Ex 1: “I saw her yesterday,” Peter said.
said that
 Peter said to me that he had seen her the day before.
told me that

Ex 2: John said to his mother, “I don’t know how to do this exercise”

 John told his mother that he didn’t know how to do that exercise.

I. Rewrite.
1. They said, “We’ll see her next summer”.
 ___________________________________________________________________
2. “I met her about 3 months ago”, he said.
 ___________________________________________________________________
3. She said, “Peter and Sure are getting married tomorrow”.
 ___________________________________________________________________
4. “I don’t like this film”, she said.
 ___________________________________________________________________
5. She asked me, “Do you like Marlon Brando?”
 ___________________________________________________________________
6. I said to him, “Are you a foreigner?”
 ___________________________________________________________________
7. He asked her, “Have you met Danny yet?”
 ___________________________________________________________________
8. He asked me, “Did you borrow my dictionary?”
 ___________________________________________________________________
9. They said to me, “Does your father work here?”
 ___________________________________________________________________
10. “Why didn’t you phone?” my father asked me.
 ___________________________________________________________________
11. “Where did you stay in Paris?” he asked her.
 ___________________________________________________________________
12. “Why are you so late?” the teacher asked him.
 ___________________________________________________________________
13. “When did you telephone your mother?” asked Mary.
 ___________________________________________________________________
14. “How long does the train take?” asked Ann.
 ___________________________________________________________________

II. Choose the best answer.

1. Jack asked me _________.
A. where do you come from B. where I come from
C. where I came from D. where did I come from
2. She asked me _________ I liked music.
A. who B. if C. while D. what
3. I wanted to know _________ return home.
A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would
4. The woman wondered _________ doing well at school.
A. whether her children are B. whether her children were
C. if her children are D. her children are if
5. I asked him_________ ,but he said nothing.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter C. the matter was what D. what’s the matter
6. Excuse me. Could you tell me_________?
A. what time is it B. what is the time C. what time it is D. it is what time
7. Marigold wondered_________ Kevin and Ruth would be at the party.
A. that B. unless C. if D. which
8. She_________ him whether he liked the steak she cooked or not.
A. asks B. wondered C. wanted to know D. asked
9. His neighbors sometimes wondered_________ he did for a living.
A. why B. when C. where D. what
10. She asked me __________ interested in football.
A. if I be B. If I am C. whether I was D. If was I
11. He wondered _______ in my free time.
A. what I often do B. what do I often do C. what I often did D. what did I do
12. Peter wanted to know _________ his English book.
A. if Mary likes B. whether did Mary like
C. if Mary liked D. whether does Mary like
13. “I am working in this company,” she said.
A. She said that she was working in this company. B. She said that I am working in this company.
C. She said that she was working in that company. D. She said that she is working in that company.
14. “I didn’t watch that film on TV last night,” Peter said.
A. Peter said that he didn’t watch that film on TV last night.
B. Peter said that he hadn’t watched that film on TV last night.
C. Peter said that he hadn’t watched that film on TV the night before.
D. Peter said that he had watched that film on TV last night.
 V + to Vo & V + V-ing
I. V + to Vo (V là những từ trong bảng dưới đây)

aim Nhằm mục đích hope Hi vọng pretend Giả vờ

afford Đủ tiền để mua learn Học promise Hứa
agree Đồng ý manage Try (xoay sở, cố gắng) refuse Từ chối
appear Có vẻ mean Chủ ý, cố tình seem Dường như
arrange Sắp xếp offer Đề nghị tend Có khuynh hướng
attempt Try (cố gắng) plan Dự định threaten Đe doạ
decide Quyết định expect Mong đợi

Ex: They promised to come back again.

II. V + Ving (V là những từ trong bảng dưới đây)

admit Thừa nhận finish Hoàn thành miss Nhớ/ bỏ lỡ

advise * Khuyên imagine Tưởng tượng risk Liều lĩnh
allow* Cho phép involve Liên quan suggest Đề nghị
avoid Tránh keep Tiếp tục enjoy Thích
consider Xem xét permit* Cho phép deny Phủ nhận
delay Trì hoãn postpone Trì hoãn practice Thực hành, luyện tập

Ex: Lana was in a difficult situation, so I agree to lend her some money.
1. He’s expecting ______________ (make) a trip to Ha Long Bay.
2. I enjoy ______________(listen) to classical music.
3. He will try ______________ (not make) the same mistake again.
4. Would you mind ______________ (buy) me a newspaper?
5. I’m looking forward to (see) ______________you.
6. It’s better to avoid (travel) ______________during the rush hour.
7. When I’m on holiday, I enjoy (not have) ______________to get up early.
8. I would like (have) ______________an opportunity of (meet) ______________you again.
9. I’d rather (stay) ______________in bed a bit longer.
10. Would you mind (give) ______________me a hand?
11. You had better (stay) ______________at home until you feel better.
12. Do you agree (lend) ______________me some money?
13. Susan has decided (allow) ______________ her friend (do) ______________as she pleases.
14. Try (avoid) _____________meeting him when he is busy.
15. Our neighbor threatened (call) _______________ the police we didn’t stop the noise.
16. She has been expecting (hear) _____________from you.
17. He practices (speak) _____________English every day.
18. I’m even planning (go) _____________dancing with a guy from my class.
19. Why don’t you consider (visit) _____________me next week?
20. Mary really misses (see) _____________her family.
21. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are looking forward to (meet) _____________their children soon.
22. It was a nice day, so we decided (go) _____________for a walk.
23. I’m not in hurry. I don’t mind (wait) _____________.
24. They were hungry, so she suggested (have) _____________dinner early.
25. I’m still looking for a job, but I hope (find) _____________something soon.
26. They threatened (call) _____________the police if we didn’t stop the noise.