REPORTED SPEECH

I. Những lưu ý khi đổi từ câu nói trực tiếp sang câu nói gián tiếp
1. Thay đổi về Đại từ nhân xưng, Đại từ sở hữu, Tính từ sở hữu
Tùy theo vị trí của người đóng vai thuật lại mà ta có thay đổi về Đại từ nhân xưng, Đại từ sở hữu, Tính từ sở
hữu
Examples:
He said, “I like your handbag, Mary” → He told Mary that he liked her handbag.
He said, “Is this book is yours?”→ He asked me if that book was mine.
2. Thay đổi về thì trong câu
Thì trong câu trực tiếp Thì trong câu gián tiếp
1. Simple present Simple past
2. Present continuous Past continuous
3. Simple past Past perfect
4. Past continuous Past perfect continuous (had + been + V- ing)
5. Present perfect Past perfect
6. Present perfect continuous (have/ has + been + Past perfect continuous
V –ing)
7. Simple future Future in the past (would + bare infinitive)
8. Future progressive ( will be + V-ing) Future progressive in the past
Lưu ý :
Nếu động từ của mệnh đề chính ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai →thì trong câu nói gián tiếp không đổi
Các động từ trong câu nói trực tíếp ở thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên →thì trong câu nói gián tiếp
không đổi
3. Thay đổi về động từ hình thái (Modal verbs)
Modal verbs trong câu trực Modal verbs trong câu gián
Ý nghĩa
tiếp tiếp
can could Khả năng
will would Sự việc sẽ xảy ra
must Nghĩa vụ, lời khuyên
had to Bổn phận phải thực hiện ngay
must
would have to Nhiệm vụ phải thực hiện trong
thời gian xa
may might Khả năng
should should
Lời khuyên
ought to ought to
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 had better had better
4. Thay đổi về nhóm từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
Nhóm từ trong câu trực tiếp Nhóm từ trong câu gián tiếp
to day that day
tonight that night
this month that month
yesterday the day before/the previous day
last month the month before/ the previous month
last year the year before/ the previous year
tomorrow the following day/ the next day
next month the following month/ the next month
here there
now then
ago before
this that
these those
II .Các loại câu tường thuật
1. Statements

S + say(s)/said (that) + clause

SS ++ tell(s)/told
tell(s) told + O+ (that)
O + +clause
clause

Examples :
S + tell(s) told + O + clause
“I saw her this morning”, he said
→He said that he had seen her that morning.
Mary said to Bill, “I don’t like living here”
→ Mary told Bill she didn’t like living there.
2. Questions
a) Yes – no questions
S + ask(s)/ asked + O + if/ whether + clause (S+ V)

Ex: “Does your brother live in London, Nam?”,she said./asked

→ She asked Nam if/ whether his brother lived in London.
b) Wh - questions

S + ask(s)/ asked + O + Wh -words+ clause

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Ex: Tom asked me, “Where did you go last night?”
→Tom asked me where I had gone the night before.
3. Commands

S + tell(s)/told / ask(s)/ asked + O + to infinitive/ not to infinitive

Ex: She said to John :” Show me your paper”

→ She told John to show her his paper
Exercise 1: Turn the following direct into reported speech

1. John said, “ I want to post this letter, but I don’t have any stamps”
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. “I don’t think your mother like me, Mary,” Mark said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. “ This film is so boring,” He said .

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. “I got my degree four years ago,” Ben said to Lisa.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. “I’m looking for the book you gave me last week,” Mary said to Peter.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Nam said “we will spend our holiday in Sa Pa next month.”

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. “I came back to my home town last Sunday,” said Mr. Pitt.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. “I am going to repair my house next month” Mr Pike said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. “These books were bought last week,” they said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. The guide said, “ This church was built in the 16th century.”
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. “I don’t have much time to write to my friends,” Phuong said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. “I’m taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening,” she said.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. “ We were waiting for the school bus at 5p.m yesterday,” the children said.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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14. “ I have just receive a postcard from Mark,” Jerry said.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. “I sent Mark a letter two days ago,” Jack said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. “We avoided meeting him three days ago,” he said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. “He made a wonderful speech last week,” they said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. She said” I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.”
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. Bernard said to the girl “I’m glad to see you here so early”
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. “How long will you stay in Ho Chi Minh City?” my father asked me.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. “Why didn’t you buy this dictionary? It is very useful for me.” She asked.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

22. “ What were you doing at 4:00 yesterday evening?” he asked her
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

23. “ Do your children study hard everyday?” she asked me

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

24. “Will your company open two more branches?” he asked me

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

25. “Did you go to Mary’s birthday last night?” she said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

26. “Where have you spent your money?” she asked him.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

27. “Why didn’t you follow my advice?” he said.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

28. “Go to bed immediately!”, said Mary’s mother.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

29. “Close the door behind you,” he told me.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

30. “Come here! I want to speak to you.” said the boss

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 31. “Don’t play video games all the time!”, he said to the boy.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

32. “Don’t wait for me if I am late.” An said to her friends.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

33. John said to his friend “ Come and spend a week with us”
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

34. My brother told me, “Wake me up at 4 o’clock, please!”

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

35. “Don’t let her know my name,” he said to me.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

36. “Don’t open your books while you are doing this exercise,” the teacher said.
→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

37. “Drive carefully or you will be in a dangerous condition,” he said to me.

→……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Choose the best correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each sentence

1. She said______.
A. was very tired last night B. was very tired the night before
C. had been very tired last night D. had been very tired the night before
2. Emily said that her teacher______ to London______.
A. will go; tomorrow B. went; tomorrow
C. would go; the next day D. had gone; the next day
3. John asked me______ in English.
A. what does this word mean C. what that word means
B. what did this word mean D. what that word meant
4. The mother told her son______ so impolitely.
A. not behave B. not to behave C. not behaving D. did not behave
5. My cousin said that has was coming______.
A. tomorrow B. next day C. the following day D. day after
6. She asked me if I______ to see him off at the station.
A. go B. am going C. was going D. shall go
7. He wanted to know whose car I had borrowed______.
A. last night B. yesterday evening C. the last evening D. the previous night
8. When we came to the cinema, she told me that she______ the tickets at home.
A. was leaving B. had left C. would leave D. would have left
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9. My mother told me______ my books lying about on the living room.
A. don’t leave B. not leave C. not to leave D. didn’t leave
10. John asked me______ that film the night before.
A. that I saw B. had I seen C. if I had seen D. if had I seen
11. Peter said that he had lived in London four years______.
A. ago B. before C. later D. then
12. Jack said that he______ in the exam.
A. doesn’t cheat B. hasn’t cheated C. won’t cheat D. hadn’t cheated
13. They said they had come back______.
A. yesterday afternoon B. the day before C. last week D. the day before yesterday
14. They asked me ______ in London then.
A. is my brother working C. if my brother is working
B. was my brother working D. if my brother was working
15. Bill asked Tom______ in London.
A. does the train arrive B. did the train arrive
C. whether the train arrives D. if the train arrived
16. The mother told her son ______ so impolitely.
A. not behaving B. not to behave C. did not behave D. not behave
17. He asked me where I _________.
A. have studied B. study C. am studying D. studied
18. He asked me___________
A. How long I have studied English B. How long had I studied English
C. How long I had study English D. How long I had studied English
19. She asked Nam what ___________ in that room.
A. he is doing B. he was doing C. was he doing D. she was doing
20. The teacher asked him why he______ the test.
A. doesn’t finish B. hasn’t finished C. won’t finish D. didn’t finish
21. The doctor ______ that he should slow down a bit.
A. told to Jim B. said Jim C. asked Jim D. told Jim
22. The teacher told Joe______.
A. to stop talking B. stop talking C. stops talking D. stopped talking
23. He ______ that he was leaving way that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me

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24. She asked me ______ my holidays ______.
A. where I spent / the previous year B. where I had spent / the previous year
C. where I spent / last year D. where did I spend / last year
25. John asked______.
A. how much that bike cost B. how much this bike cost
C. how much this bike costs D. how much that bike costs
26. Someone told us______on the stairs.
A. don’t sit B. not sit C. not to sit D. to not sit
27. He said Ann______her licence the Tuesday before.
A. got B. was got C. had got D. would got
28. John told me that he______his best in the exam______.
A. would do – the day before B. would do – the following day
C. had done – the following day D. was doing - the day before
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to
each of the following questions.
29. “Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me.
A. She asked me if they told me when they left.
B. She asked me if they told me when they had left.
C. She asked me if they had told me when they left.
D. She asked me if they had told me when they had left.
30. “ I bought these books last week”
A. He said he bought these books last week.
B. He said he had bought those books the week before.
C. He said he had bought these books last week
D. He said he bought these books the week before.
31. The teacher said, “Study chapters 1 – 4 for the final test!”.
A. The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1 – 4 for the final test.
B. The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1 – 4 for the final test.
C. The teacher told us to study chapters 1 – 4 for the final test.
D. The teacher said us to study chapters 1 – 4 for the final test.
32. Peter said to them “Don’t leave the room until I come back.”
A. Peter told them not to leave the room until he came back.
B. Peter told them not to leave the room until he comes back.

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 C. Peter told them not to leave the room until they came back.
D. Peter told them not to leave the room until they come back.
33. “Please help me with this work, Henry,” said Robert.
A. Robert asked Henry help him with that work.
B. Robert asked Henry to help me with that work.
C. Robert asked to help Henry with that work.
D. Robert asked Henry to help him with that work.
34. “Did you attend John’s wedding last week?” asked Tom.
A. Tom asked me to attend John’s wedding last week.
B. Tom asked me if I had attended John’s wedding last week.
C. Tom asked me whether I attended John’s wedding the week before.
D. Tom asked me if I had attended John’s wedding the previous week.
35. “I’ll tell you about this tomorrow, Mary.” said Tom.
A. Tom said to Mary that he will tell her about that the next day.
B. Tom told Mary that I would tell you about that the next day.
C. Tom told Mary that he would tell her about that the next day.
D. Tom told Mary that she would tell him about that the next day.
36. Mary said ,”I have not seen Peter since last month .”
A. Mary said she has not seen Peter since the previous month.
B. Mary said she had not seen Peter since the previous month .
C. Mary said she was not seen Peter since the previous month.
D. Mary said she doesn’t see Peter since the previous month
37. “I don't know what Fred is doing," said my sister.
A. My sister said that she didn't know what Fred was doing.
B. My sister said she doesn't know what Fred is doing.
C. My sister said that I don't know what Fred is doing.
D. My sister said that she hasn't known what Fred was doing
38. “ I bought these books last week” he said.
A. He said he bought these books last week.
B. He said he had bought those books the week before.
C. He said he had bought these books last week.
D. He said he bought these books the week before.

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