2.

4 Perhitungan Dimensi Kuda-kuda

- Panjang Kapstang = 8,76 m

- Jarak antar kuda kuda =6m

- Jumlah gording = 8 buah

- Bentang kuda kuda = 12 m

- Jarak gording = 1,2 m

- Penutup atap (genteng) = 50 kg/m²

a. Pembebanan Kuda-kuda

Direncanakan menggunakan IWF 200. 100. 5,5.8

a. Akibat Beban Mati
i. Tepi(p1,p15)
Beban gording = 11 kg/m x 6 m = 66 kg
Beban atap = sin37° x 50 kg/m² x 6m = 180,54 kg
Beban plafon dan = 18 kg/m² x cos37° x 6m = 86,25 kg +
penggantung = 332,79 kg
Aksesoris 10 % = 33,279 kg +

Puncak = 366,069 kg

ii Tengah(p2-p7 dan p19-p14)

Beban gording = 11 kg/m x 6 m = 66 kg

Beban atap = 2 x sin37° x 50 kg/m² x 6m = 361,08 kg
Beban plafon dan = 18 kg/m² x 2 x cos37° x 6m = 172,50 kg +
17
 penggantung = 513,33 kg
Aksesoris 10 % = 51,333 kg +

Puncak = 564,663 kg

iii. Puncak (p8)

Beban bumbungan = 20 x 6 = 120 kg
Beban gording = (11 kg/m x 6 m) + 11 = 77 kg
Beban atap = 2 x sin37° m x 50 kg/m2 x 6 m = 361,08 kg
Beban plafon dan = 18 kg/m² x 2 x cos37° x 6 m = 172,50 kg +
penggantung 730,58
Aksesoris 10 % = 73,058 kg +
Tepi = 803,636 kg

b. Akibat Beban Hidup

Menurut PMI : 15 untuk beban terpusat berasal dari seorang pekerja dan peralatannya minimum
100kg.

Beban hidup =100kg

c. Akibat Bebah Angin

a a < 65

Koefisien angin untuk bangunan tertutup dengan α ≤ 65˚ (PMI ’70:22).

K1 = 0,02 × 37 – 0,4 = 0,34

K2 = -0,4

Koefisien angin untuk dinding berdiri bebas, maka:

Angin tekan = +0,9
Angin hisap = -0,9

18
1. Pembebanan Angin Pada Kuda-kuda
Angin Tekan (Wt)

Wt = K1· Jarak kuda-kuda · W

= 0,34 x 6 m x 25 kg/m²
= 51 kg/m

Wt horisontal = Wt . sin α = 51 kg/m . sin 37° = 30,69 kgm

Wt vertikal = Wt . cos α = 51 kg/m . cos 37° = 40,73 kgm

Angin hisap (Wh)

Wh= K2· Jarak kuda-kuda · W
= -0,4 × 6,00 × 25
= -60 kg/m
Wt horisontal = Wt . sin α = -60 kg/m . sin 37° = -36,10 kgm
Wt vertikal = Wt . cos α = -60 kg/m . cos 37° = -47,91 kgm
- Berat sendiri kapstang = 21,3 kg/m
- Berat Atap 50 kg/m² x 6 m = 300 kg/m
- Berat Gording 11 kg/m x 8 x 6m = 60,27 kg/m
8,76m
- Berat Muata Hidup 100𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑥 8 = 91,32 kg/m
8,76 m
- Beban plafond & penggantung = 86,25 kg/m +
18 kg/m² x 6m x cos 37°
559,14 kg/m
- Beban Asesoris 10% = 55,914 kg/m +
Beban Total = 615,054 kg/m

Momen Primer (Mo)

P.a.(b) 2
MAC =
L2
P2.1,2m.(7,2) 2 m P3.2,4m.(6,0) 2 m P4.3,6m.(4,8) 2 m P5.4,8m.(3,6) 2 m
=
8,76 2 m + 8,76 2 m + 8,76 2 m + 8,76 2 m +

P6.6,0m.(2,4) 2 m P7.7,2m.(1,2) 2 m
8,76 2 m + 8,76 2 m

19
 = 564,663.1,2m.(7,2)²m + 564,663.1,2m.(6,0)²m + 564,663.1,2m.(4,8)²m +
8,76²m 8,76²m 8,76²
564,663.1,2m.(3,6)²m + 564,663.1,2m.(2,4)²m + 564,663.1,2m.(1,2)²m
8,76²m 8,76²m 8,76²m
= 457,74 + 317,88 + 203,44 + 114,43 + 50,8 + 12,7
= 1156,9 kgm

Koefisien Distribusi
MAC = MBC = 0 KAC = KBC = 0
1 K CA 1
MCA = MCB = = 0,5 =  0,5
11 K CA  K CB 1  1

Distribusi Momen Cara Cross

Titik A C B
Batang AC CA CB BC
µ - 0,5 0,5 -
Mo 1156,9 -1156,9 1156,9 -1156,9
- - - -
Makhir 1156,9 -1156,9 1156,9 -1156,9

Reaksi Akhir
M AC  M CA
VA =q.s+
L
= 615,054 . 8,76 + 1156,9 kgm + (-1156,9) kgm
5m
= 5387,8 + 0 kgm
VB = VA = 5387,8 kgm

∑ MA = 0
VA . ½ L – q . s . ¼ . L – HA . t = 0
5387,8 kg . ½ . 12 m – 615,054 kg/m . 7,51 m . ¼ . 12 m - HA . 4,52 m = 0
32326,8kgm – 13857,1kgm - HA . 4,52 m = 0

20
 18469,7kgm
HA = = 4086,2 kg
4,52m
N Balok kapstang
N = VA . sin α + HA . cos α
= 5387,8 kg . sin 37° + 4086,2 kg . cos 37°
= 6505,7 kg
Q = VA . cos α
= 5387,8 kg . cos 37°
= 4302,8 kg
M AC  M CA
Mlap = ⅛ . q . l . s –
2
1156,9 kgm  (-1156,9 )kgm
= ⅛ . 615,054 kg/m . 5m . 7,51 m –
2
= 2886,9 kg/m – 0 kgm
= 2886,9 kgm

Akibat Beban Angin

Tekanan angin = 25 kg/m2
Wt =(0,02 . sin 37o- 0,4) . 6 m . 25 kg/m2 = -58,19 kg/m
Wh = -0,4 . 6 m . 25 kg/m2 = - 60 kg/m
Momen Primer
-MAC = MCA
= 1/12 . (-58,19)kg/m . 7,51²
= -273,4 kgm
+MCB = -MBC
= 1/12 . (-60kg/m) . 7,51²
= - 282,0 kgm

21
Titik A C B
Batang AC CA CB BC
µ - 0,5 0,5 -
Mo 273,4 - 273,4 282,0 282,0
- 4,3 - 4,3
- 2,15 -2,15
Makhir 271,25 - 277,7 277,7 279,85

Reaksi Akhir
∑MB = 0
(VA . L) – (Wt . Cos α . s . ¾ L) + (Wt . sin α . s . ½ . f ) + (Wh . cosα . s . ¼ L) +
(Wh . sin α . s . ½ . f) = 0
(VA . 12 m) – (-58,19 kg/m) . cos 37° . 7,51 m . ¾ . 12 m) + (-58,19 kg/m) . sin 37°
. 7,51 m . ½ . 4,52 m )+ ((-60 kg/m) . cos 37°. 7,51 m . ¼ . 12 m ) +((-60 kg/m) . sin
37°. 7,51 m . ½ . 4,52 m) = 0
VA . 12 m = -3141,08 kgm + 594,3 kgm +1079,5 kgm) +
612,8 kgm
854,4kgm
VA = = 71,2 kg
12m
∑V = 0
VA + VB + Wh . cos α . s - Wt . cos α . s = 0
71,2 kg + VB + ((-60 kg/m) . cos 37°. 7,51 m) – (-58,19 kg/m . cos 37° . 7,51m)=0
71,2 kg + VB + (-359,8 kg) – (-349 kg) = 0
VB = 60,4 kg

∑MC = 0
VA . ½ . L – HA . t – Wt . s . ½ . s + MAC + MCA = 0
(71,2 kg . ½ . 12 m) – (HA . 7,51 m) – (-58,19 kg/m . 7,51 m . ½ . 7,51 m) +
(271,25 kgm) + (-277,7kgm) = 0
427,2 kgm–(HA . 7,51 m) –(-1640,96) kgm + 271,25 kgm – 277,7 kgm = 0
2061,71 kgm – HA . 7,51 m = 0
HA= 274,5 kg

22
 N Balok AC = VA . sin α - HA . cos α
= 71,2 kg . sin 37° - (274,5 kg) . cos 37°
= 42,84 kg – 219,22 kg
= - 176,38 kg
Q Balok AC = VA . cos α - HA . sin α
= 71,2 kg . cos 37° - (274,5 kg) . sin 37°
= 56,86 kg – 165,19 kg
= - 108,33 kg
M AC  M CA
MLap = ⅛ . Wt . s² +
2
271,25kgm  (277,7)kgm
= ⅛ . -58,19 kg/m . (7,51 m)² +
2
= -410,24 kgm – 3,225 kgm
= 407,015 kgm

Kombinasi Beban
 M Tump, max = 1156,9kgm + 271,25 kgm = 1428,15 kgm
 M Lap, max = 2886,9 kgm - 407,015 kgm = 2479,885 kgm
 N Balok max = 6505,7 kg - 176,38 kg = 6329,32 kg
 Q Balok max = 4302,8 kg - 108,33 kg = 4194,47 kg
 M Puncak max = 1156,9 kgm - 277,7kgm = 879,2 kgm

2.5 Perhitungan Dimensi Penampang

Dipakai : IWF 200 . 100 . 5,5 . 8
Q = 21.3 kg/m
Ix = 1840 cm4
Iy = 134 cm4
Wx = 184 cm³
Wy = 26.8 cm³
A = 27,16 cm²
ix = 8,24 cm
iy = 2,22 cm

23
Kontrol Tegangan
Mx N
     ijin
Wx A
142815 kgcm 6329,32 kg
=    ijin
184cm 3 27,16cm 2
= 1009,2 kg/cm2 < σijin = 1600 kg/cm2
Kontrol Geser
b = 100 mm 10 cm
h = 200 mm 20 cm
ts = 8 mm 0,8 cm
tb = 5,5 mm 0,55 cm
δx = (h . ts) . (h/2 - ts/2) + (h/2 - ts) . tb . (h/4 - ts/2)
= (20 cm . 0,8cm) . (20 cm / 2 - 0,8cm / 2) + (20 cm / 2 - 0,8 cm) . 0,55 cm . (20 cm/4
– 0,8cm/2)
= (16 cm . 9,6 cm) + (9,2 cm . 0,55cm . 4,6 cm)
= 176,88 cm3
τ ijin = 0,8 . 1600 kg/cm2 = 1280kg/cm2
Q  Sx 4194,47 kg  176,88cm 3
τ = =  733,12 kg/cm2 < τ ijin = 1280 kg/cm2
tb  Ix 0,55cm  1840cm 4

Kontrol Stabilitas KIP

Menurut (PBBI ’84 : 41), ditinjau tegangan kip:
h
< 75
tb
200mm
< 75
5,5mm
36,36 mm < 75
L b
≥ 1,25
h ts
751cm 10cm
≥ 1,25
20cm 0,8cm
37,55 cm ≥ 15,62 cm

24
 Lh 751cm  20cm
C1 = = = 1877,5
b  ts 10cm  0,8cm

E
C3 = 0,21 . (1 + β ) . (3 - 2β)


dimana :
M ki  M ka 1156,9 kgm  (1428,15 kgm  (277,7 kgm))
β = =
2M jep 1
2  ( x4194,47 x(6 2 )) kgm
12
2307,35 kgm
= = 0,0916
25166,82kgm

E
C3 = 0,21 . (1 + β ) . (3 - 2β)

2,1.10 6 kg / cm 2
= 0,21. (1 + 0,0916) . ( 3 – 2 . 0,0916)
1600kg / cm 2
= 847,5
C3
σ kerja KIP = x 0,7 x σijin
C1
847,5
= x 0,7 x 1600
1877,5
= 505,56 kg/cm2 < σ max = 1063 kg/cm2 (Perlu dipasang bracing)
Dipasang bracing dengan jarak sama seperti jarak gording : 120 cm
L b
≥ 1,25
h ts
120 10
≥ 1,25
20 0,8
6 ≤ 15,63
Berarti profil berubah bentuk
A’ = A sayap + (1/6 . A badan)
= (10 . 0,8) + (1/6 . (20 – 2 . 0,8) . 0,55)
= 9,69 cm2

25
 0,5 .Iy
iA’ = √
A’

0,5 .134 cm4

=√
9,69cm2

= 2,63 cm

λ A' = L/iA'
120
=
2,63
= 45,6 ~ 45,6→ ω = 1,342 (PBBI ’84 : 12)
σ kip = σ ijin / ω
1600kg / cm 2
=
1,342
= 1192,2 kg/cm2 > σ max = 1009,2 kg/cm2……………..(OK)
Kontrol stabilitas KIP……………………………………OK !!

Kontrol Lendutan
Menurut PBBI ’84 : 106, lendutan maximum akibat beban mati + beban hidup
F ijin = 1/250.l
= 1/250 . 751 cm = 3,004 cm
q = beban mati +beban hidup+ beban angin
= 615,054 kg/m + (-58,19 kg/m)
= 556,86 kg/m
l = 0,7 . s
= 0,7 . 751 cm
= 525,7 cm
5 q x .Lx 4
f = x
384 EI .I x

5 5,56kg / m 2 .(525,7cm) 4
= 
384 2,1  10 6 kg / cm 2 .1840cm 4
= 0,98 cm
= 0,98 cm < f ijin = 3,004 cm…………….(OK) !!

26
Kontrol Lipat (PPBBI ’84 hal, 47)
Syarat tekan Fc = 360 (PPBBI ’87 pasal 6.2 ayat 6 hal. 47)
σ r = 3267 kg/cm2
σ d = 1009,2 kg/cm2
b r
 10
ts d
10 3267
 10
0,8 1009,2
12,50 < 17,99 (sayap tidak terjadi lipat)
Berdasarkan kontrol diatas maka IWF 200 . 100 . 5,5 . 8 dapat digunakan

2.6 Perhitungan Sambungan

Perhitungan sambungan puncak

a. Sambungan baut
M puncak max = 879,2 kgm
N = 6329,32 kg
Q = 4194,47 kg
D = Q cos α + N sin α
= 4194,47 kg . cos 37o + 6329,32 sin 37o
= 7158,9 kg

Plat penyambung tebal 8 mm, dipakai bout  16 mm = 1,6 cm

27
 Sambungan direncanakan menggunakan baut dan las.
Rencana jarak baut ( PPBBI ’84 Hal. 70 ) :
Jarak baut :
-Tengah
2,5 d < u < 7d
2,5. (1,6) < u < 7.(1,6)
40 < u < 112,0
Dipakai jarak u = 60 mm
-Tepi
1,5 d < s < 3d
1,5 . (1,6) < s < 3 . (1,6)
24 < s < 48
Dipakai jarak S1 = 30 mm

Perhitungan terhadap titik puncak

Y1 = 3,552 = 12,60 cm2
Y2 = 9,775 ² = 95,55 cm²
Y3 = 16,012 ² = 256,38 cm²
Y4 = 22,225 ² = 493,95 cm²
Y5 = 28,45 ² = 809,40 cm² +
= 1667,88 cm²
Tegangan tarik max untuk satu baut
Mmaks  Y 8792 kgcm 28,45cm
N= =
Y 2
1667,88cm 2

= 149,97 kg
149,97 kg
Untuk 1 baut = = 74,985 kg
2
74,985kg
σ tarik baut =
1
.3,14.(1,6cm) 2
4
= 37,313 ² < 0,7 . 1600 kg/cm² = 1120 kg/cm²
Menurut PPBBI 87 pasal 8,2 ayat 1 hal.68
Akibat Gaya Lintang dan Gaya Normal.

28
 Kontrol tegangan geser
D
τ=
8 14    d 2
7158,9 kg
=
8. 14  3,14  (1,6cm) 2
= 445,21 kg/cm² < 0,58 . 1600 kg/cm² = 928 kg/cm²

σ = √𝜎 2 + 1,56 𝜏 2 ≤ σijin

= (37,313 ) 2 kg / cm 2  1,56(445,21) 2 kg / cm 2  1600kg / cm 2

= 557,31 kg/cm² ≤ 1600 kg/cm² ...........................................OK

b. sambungan baut
b = 100 mm = 10,00 cm ts =8,00 mm
= 0,80 cm
h = 200 mm = 20,00 cm tb = 5,50 mm
= 0,55 cm
Tebal las :
Badan = ½ . √2 . 5,50 = 3,89 mm ~ 3 mm ~ 0,3 cm
Sayap = ½ . √2 . 8,00 = 5,66 mm ~ 5 mm ~ 0,5 cm

Statis momen las terhadap terhadap las bagian bawah :

S1 = 10 x 0,5 x 0 = 0 cm3
S2 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 1,0 = 4,6 cm3
S3 = 2(0,3 x 10,85 ) x 6,575 = 42,8 cm3
S4 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 12,15 = 55,89 cm3
S5 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 13 = 59,8 cm3
S6 = 2(0,3 x 18,339) x 22,3 = 245,37 cm3
S7 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 31,6 = 145,36 cm3
S8 = 10x 0,5x 32,45 = 162,25 cm3
= 716,07 cm3

29
Luas = (10x 0.5) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) + 2(0,3 x 10,85 ) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) +2(4,6 x 0.5) + 2(0,3 x
18,339) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) + (10x 0.5)
= 5,00 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 6,51 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 11,0034 cm²
+ 4,6 cm² + 5,00 cm²
= 45,5034 cm²,
716,07 cm 3
Yb = = 15,74cm
45,5034cm 2
Ya = 32,45 cm – 15,74 cm = 16,71cm

Momen inersia las terhadap titik berat las (lx)

1/12 . b . h3 + F . A²
lx1 = (1/12 x 10 x 0,5 ³) + 5,00 cm² x 16,71² = 1304,22 cm4
lx2 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5³) + 4,6 cm² x 15,86² = 2154,58 cm4
lx3 = 2(1/12 x 0,3 x 10,85 ³) + 5,61 cm² x 10,56² = 1185,86 cm4
lx4 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5 ) + 4,6 cm² x 4,71² = 158,54 cm4
lx5 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5 ) + 4,6 cm² x 3,86² = 100,28 cm4
lx6 = 2(1/12 x 0,3 x 18,339³) + 11,0034 cm² x 5,44² = 5061,85 cm4
lx7 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5³) + 4,6 cm² x 14,74² = 2154,58 cm4

30
 lx8 = (1/12 x 10 x 0,5³) + 5,00 cm² x 15,74² = 1304,22 cm4
= 13424,13 cm4

Momen tahanan
13424,13cm 4
Wa = = 803,4 cm3
16,71cm

13424,13cm 4
Wb = = 852,8 cm3
15,74cm
Kontrol tegangan las
 Akibat Momen
M 8792kgcm
σa = = = 10,943 kg/cm²
Wa 803,4cm 3
 Akibat Gaya Normal
N 6329,32 kg
σn = = = 139,10 kg/cm²
F 45,50 cm 2

 Akibat Gaya geser

Q 4194,47 kg
τ = = = 92,186 kg/cm²
F 45,50 cm 2

σi = (a  n) 2  3. 2

= (10,943  139,10) 2  3.92,186 2

= 219,10 kg/cm² < 0,7. (2400 kg/cm²) = 1680 kg/cm²

Perhitungan Sambungan Bawah

a. Sambungan Baut
Profil yang dipakai IWF 200 . 100 . 5,5 . 8
M tumpuan max = 1428,15 kgm
N = 6329,32 kg
Q = 4194,47 kg
D = Q cos α + N sin α
= 4194,47. cos 37 + 6329,32. sin 37
= 7161,32 kg
Plat penyambung tebal 8 mm, dipakai bout  16 mm = 1,6cm

31
Sambungan direncanakan menggunakan baut dan las. Rencana jarak baut ( PPBBI ’84 Hal, 70 ):

 Tengah

Jarak baut :
2,5 d < u < 7d
2,5. (1,6) < u < 7.(1,6)
40 < u < 112,0
Dipakai jarak u = 60 mm

 Tepi
1,5 d < s < 3d
1,5 . (1,6) < s < 3 . (1,6)
24 < s < 48
Dipakai jarak S1 = 30 mm

Perhitungan terhadap titik puncak

N1 = 3,552 = 12,60 cm2
N2 = 9,775 ² = 95,55 cm²
N3 = 16,012 ² = 256,38 cm²
N4 = 22,225 ² = 493,95 cm²
N5 = 28,45 ² = 809,40 cm²
= 1667,88 cm²

Tegangan tarik max untuk satu baut

Mmaks  Y 142815 kgcm 28,45cm
N= = = 2436 kg
 Y 2
1667,88cm 2

2436kg
Untuk 1 baut = = 1218 kg
2
1218kg
σ tarik baut =
1
.3,14.(1,6cm) 2
4

32
 = 606,09 kg/cm² < 0,7 . 1600 kg/cm² = 1120 kg/cm²
Menurut PPBBI 87 pasal 8,2 ayat 1 hal.68
Akibat Gaya Lintang dan Gaya Normal

Kontrol tegangan geser

D
τ=
8 14    d 2
7161,32 kg
=
8. 14  3,14  (1,6cm) 2
= 445,44 kg/cm² < 0,58 . 1600 kg/cm² = 928 kg/cm²

σ = √𝜎 2 + 1,56 𝜏 2 ≤ σijin

= (606,09) 2 kg / cm 2  1,56(445,44 ) 2 kg / cm 2  1600kg / cm 2

= 822,72 kg/cm² ≤ 1600 kg/cm² ...........................................OK

b. Sambungan Las
b = 100 mm = 10,00 cm ts =8,00 mm = 0,80 cm
h = 200 mm = 20,00 cm tb = 5,50 mm = 0,55 cm
Tebal las :
Badan = ½ . √2 . 5,50 = 3,89 mm ~ 3 mm ~ 0,3 cm
Sayap = ½ . √2 . 8,00 = 5,66 mm ~ 5 mm ~ 0,5 cm

33
Statis momen las terhadap terhadap las bagian bawah :
S1 = 10 x 0,5 x 0 = 0 cm3
S2 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 1,0 = 4,6 cm3
S3 = 2(0,3 x 10,85 ) x 6,575 = 42,8 cm3
S4 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 12,15 = 55,89 cm3
S5 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 13 = 59,8 cm3
S6 = 2(0,3 x 18,339) x 22,3 = 245,37 cm3
S7 = 2(4,6 x 0.5) x 31,6 = 145,36 cm3
S8 = 10x 0,5x 32,45 = 162,25 cm3
= 716,07 cm3
Luas = (10x 0.5) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) + 2(0,3 x 10,85 ) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) +2(4,6 x 0.5) + 2(0,3 x
18,339) + 2(4,6 x 0.5) + (10x 0.5)
= 5,00 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 6,51 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 4,6 cm² + 11,0034 cm²
+ 4,6 cm² + 5,00 cm²
= 45,5034 cm²

34
 716,07 cm 3
Yb = = 15,74cm
45,5034cm 2
Ya = 32,45 cm – 15,74 cm = 16,71cm

Momen inersia las terhadap titik berat las (lx)

1/12 . b . h3 + F . A²
lx1 = (1/12 x 10 x 0,5 ³) + 5,00 cm² x 16,71² = 1304,22 cm4
lx2 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5³) + 4,6 cm² x 15,86² = 2154,58 cm4
lx3 = 2(1/12 x 0,3 x 10,85 ³) + 5,61 cm² x 10,56² = 1185,86 cm4
lx4 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5 ) + 4,6 cm² x 4,71² = 158,54 cm4
lx5 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5 ) + 4,6 cm² x 3,86² = 100,28 cm4
lx6 = 2(1/12 x 0,3 x 18,339³) + 11,0034 cm² x 5,44² = 5061,85 cm4
lx7 = 2(1/12 x 4,6 x 0.5³) + 4,6 cm² x 14,74² = 2154,58 cm4
lx8 = (1/12 x 10 x 0,5³) + 5,00 cm² x 15,74² = 1304,22 cm4
= 13424,13 cm4

35
Momen tahanan
13424,13cm 4
Wa = = 803,4 cm3
16,71cm

13424,13cm 4
Wb = = 852,8 cm3
15,74cm

Kontrol tegangan las

 Akibat Momen
M 142815 kgcm
σa = = = 177,76 kg/cm²
Wa 803,4cm 3
 Akibat Gaya Normal
N 6329,32 kg
σn = = = 139,10 kg/cm²
F 45,50 cm 2

 Akibat Gaya geser

Q 4194,47 kg
τ = = = 92,186 kg/cm²
F 45,50 cm 2

σi = (a  n) 2  3. 2

= (177,76  139,10) 2  3.92,186 2

= 354,81 kg/cm² < 0,7. (2400 kg/cm²) = 1680 kg/cm²

Perhitungan Konsol
Q = 615,054 kg/m
Panjang overstek = 1,25 m
M = 1/8.Q.L2 = 1/8 x 615,054 kg/m x (1,25m)2
= 120,12 kgm = 12012 kgcm
VA = Q. S = 615,054 kg/m x 1,25 m = 768,8 kg
D = VA.Cos α = 768,8 kg x Cos 37o = 613,99 kg
N = VA. Sin α = 768,8 kg x Sin 37o = 462,67 kg

36
Dipakai profil T 250. 125 . 6 . 9
Q = 14,8 kg/m
Ix = 248 cm4
Iy = 147 cm4
Wx = 25,6 cm³
Wy = 23,5 cm³
A = 18,83 cm²

Kontrol Tegangan
Mx N
     ijin 469,2 24,57
Wx A
12012kgcm 462,67 kg
=    ijin
25,6cm 3 18,83cm 2
= 493,78 kg/cm2 < σijin = 1600 kg/cm2

Kontrol Geser
b = 125 mm 12,50 cm
h = 250 mm 25 cm
ts = 9 mm 0,9 cm
tb = 6 mm 0,6 cm
δx = (b . ts) . (h/2 + ts/2) + (h/2 . tb) . (h/4)
= (12,5 cm . 0,9 cm) . (25cm / 2 + 0,9cm / 2) + (25cm/2 x 0,6 cm) . (25cm/4)
= (11,25 cm . 12,95 cm) + (7,5 cm . 6,25 cm)
= 192,56 cm3

τ ijin = 0,58 . 1600 kg/cm2 = 928 kg/cm2

D  Sx 613,99 kg  192,56cm 3
τ = =  529,70 kg/cm2 < τ ijin = 928 kg/cm2
ts  Ix 0,9cm  248cm 4

Perhitungan Sambungan Konsol

dipakai plat penyambung tebal 8,00 mm dan dipakai baut Ø 16,00 mm
Jarak Baut
 Tengah
2,5 d < u < 7d
2,5. (1,6) < u < 7.(1,6)
4,00 < u < 11,20
 Tepi
37
 1,5 d < s < 3d
1,5 . (1,6) < s < 3 . (1,6)
2,4 < s < 4,80 Dipakai jarak S1 = 40 mm
125,00

9,00
Perhitungan terhadap titik puncak
N1 = 4,52 = 20,25 cm2
N2 = 20,50 ² = 420,25 cm²
= 440,50 cm²
Tegangan tarik max untuk satu baut
Mmaks  Y

241,00
12012 kgcm 20,50cm
N= =
Y 2
440,50cm 2

205,00
= 559,01 kg
559,01kg
Untuk 1 baut = = 279,505 kg
2

45,00
279,505kg
σ tarik baut =
1 6,00
.3,14.(1,6cm) 2
4
= 139,08 kg/cm² < 0,7 . 1600 kg/cm² = 1120 kg/cm²
Akibat gaya lintang dan gaya normal
Sambungan iris tunggal
0,393. D = 0,393 x 1,6cm = 0,63 < δ = 1,00
τ= D/F
D
τ=
4. 14    d 2
613,99 kg
=
4. 14  3,14  (1,6cm) 2
= 76,38 kg/cm² < 0,58 . 1600 kg/cm² = 928 kg/cm²

σ tarik = 0,7. σ ijin = 0,7 x 1600 kg/cm² = 1120 kg/cm2

σ = √𝜎 2 + 1,56 𝜏 2 ≤ σijin
kg 2
= √(139,08 cm2 ) + 1,56 ∙ (76,38 kg/cm²)²
= 168,65 kg/cm² ≤ σ tarik = 1120 kg/cm2

Sambungan Las
b = 125 mm = 12,50 cm ts = 9,00 mm = 0,90 cm
h = 250 mm = 25,00 cm tb = 6,00 mm = 0,60 cm

38
Tebal Las :
Badan = ½ . √2 . 6,00 mm = 4,24 mm ~ 4 mm ~ 0,4 cm
Sayap = ½ . √2 . 9,00 mm = 6,36 mm ~ 6 mm ~ 0,6 cm

Statis momen las terhadap terhadap las bagian bawah :

S1 = 2(0,4 x23,5) x 11,75 = 220,90 cm3
S2 = 2(5,95 x 0,6) x 18,95 = 169,93 cm3
S3 = 7,5 x 0,6 x 25,3 = 189,75 cm3
= 580,58 cm3
Luas = L1 + L2 + L3 S3
5
= 2(0,4cm x 23,5cm) + 5
S2 S2
2 (0,6cm x 5,95cm)+(0,6cm x 12,5 cm)
= 18,80cm² + 7,14 cm² + 7,50 cm²
= 33,44 cm²,

256,00
253,00
238,00

235,00
S1 S1
580,58cm3
Yb = = 17,36 cm
33,44cm2
Ya = 25,6 cm – 17,36 cm = 8,24 cm
117,50

59,50 59,50
S3
125,00

S2 S2
79,40
64,40
235,00

56,10

S1 S1
173,60

59,50 59,50
125,00

Momen inersia las terhadap titik berat las (lx)

1/12 . b . h3 + F . A²
lx1 =2 (1/12 x 0.4 x 23,5³) + 5,61 cm² x 5,61cm² = 1456,87 cm4
lx2 = 2(1/12 x 5,95 x 0,6³) + 2,363 cm² x 6,44cm² = 296,34 cm4
lx3 = (1/12 x 12,5 x 0,6³) + 5,00 cm² x 7,94cm² = 1437,05 cm4
= 2226,25 cm4

39
Momen tahanan
2226,25cm4
Wa = = 270,24 cm3
8,24cm
2226,25cm4
Wb = = 128,23 cm3
17,36cm

Kontrol tegangan las

 Akibat Momen
M 12012kgcm
σa = = = 44,44 kg/cm²
Wa 270,24cm 3
 Akibat Gaya Normal
N 462,67 kg
σn = = = 22,60 kg/cm²
F 20,47cm 2
 Akibat Gaya geser
Q 615,054 kg
τ = = = 30,04 kg/cm²
F 20,47cm 2
σi = √(σa + 𝜎𝑛)² + 3. (𝜏)²
= √(44,44 + 22,60)² + 3 x (30,04)²
= 84,8 kg/cm² < 0,7. (1600 kg/cm²) = 1120 kg/cm²

Perhitungan Plat Kaki Dan Baut Angker Kolom

Rencana profil kolom yang akan datang digunakan adalah IWF 200 . 100 . 5,5 . 8
H = 200 mm tb = 5,5 mm
B = 100 mm ts = 8 mm
q = 21,30 kg/m
A = 27,16 cm2
Ix = 1840 cm4
Iy = 134 cm4
Wx = 184 cm3
Wy = 26,8 cm3

Momen Tumpuan = 1428,15 kgm

N = 6329,32 kg
Q = 4194,47kg
Kb = ¼ . B . √2
= ¼ . 10 cm . √2 = 3,54 cm ~ 4 cm

40
KL = ¼ . H . √2
= ¼ . 20 cm . √2
b = B + 2 . Kb
= 10 cm + 2 (3,54 cm)
L = 20 cm +2(7,07 cm)
= 7,07 cm ~ 7 cm
= 17,07 cm ~ 17 cm
= 34,14 cm ~ 34 cm

Kontrol tegangan beton

N M 6329,32 kg 142815 kgcm
σmax =   = 
A W 17cm  34cm 1  17cm  (34cm) 2
6

σmin = - 10,9 kg/cm² - 43,6 kg/cm² = - 54,50 kg/cm²

σmax = -10,9 kg/cm² + 43,6 kg/cm² = 32,70 kg/cm²
σmin digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah baut
σmax digunakan untuk menghitung tebal plat
Tebal plat
b 32,70
= 54,50. b = 32,70. a
a 54,50
54,50. b = 32,70. (34,14 - b)
54,50. b = 1116,3 – 32,70. b
87,2. b = 1116,3
b = 12,80 cm
a = 34,14 – b
= 34,14 – 12,80 = 21,34 cm
x / 54,50 = (21,34 - 7,07) / 21,34
54,50 kg / cm 2  14,27cm
x=
21,34cm
x = 36,44 kg/cm²

41
Momen terhadap sumbu y-y
M = Q1 . ½ . L + Q2 . ⅔ . L
(54,50kg / cm 2  36,44kg / cm 2 )  7,07cm
= (36,44 kg/cm².7,07cm) ½ . 7,07 cm + x⅔.
2
7,07cm
= 4593,1kgcm
M 4593,1 kgcm
ω = = = 1,9 cm³
 2400kg / cm 2
ω = ⅙ . b . h²
1,9 = ⅙ . 1 . h²
1,9 = 1/6 . h²
Diperoleh nilai h = 3,3cm ~ 4cm
Digunakan plat kaki kolom ukuran 17 cm x 34 cm x 4 cm

Perhitungan angker baut

Gaya tarik (T) = ½ . L . σmax . b
= ½ . 17,07 cm . 32,70 kg/cm² . 12,80 cm
= 3572,4 kg
 tarik = 0,7 x 2400 = 1680 kg/cm², maka luas penampang baut angker:

3572,4kg
A bout = = 2,12 cm²
1680kg / cm 2
Dipakai baut 16 mm

A 2,12cm 2
Σbaut perlu= baut2 = = 1,05 ≈ 2 baut angker
1 d 1 . .(1,6cm) 2
4 4

Tinjauan baut angkur :

Gaya geser = 1/8 . L . σmax , b
= 1/8 . 34,14 cm . 32,70 kg/cm² . 12,80 cm
= 1786,2 kg
Dipakai 2 baut ø 16 mm
Luasan baut = 2 x ¼ π 1,62 = 4,0192 cm2
Gaya yang diterima baut :
1786,2kg
= = 444,41 kg/cm2 < 0,58  = 0,58 . 2400 = 1392 kg/cm2
4,0192cm2

42
Perhitungan Panjang Angker
Dipakai baja U 24 ; angkur  16 mm ; A = 186,50 mm²
Fy = 240,00 mpa
Fc’ = 20,00 mpa
A = 186,50 mm
0,02  A  fy 0,02  186,5  240
ldb = = = 198,9 mm
fc' 20

tetapi tidak kurang dari ldb = 0,06  db  fy

= 0,06  16mm  240
= 230,4 mm ~ 25 cm
Maka dipakai panjang angkur 25 cm  1,6 cm

Perhitungan Las Pada Pelat Kaki Kolom

Dipakai IWF 200. 100 . 5,50 . 8,00
b = 100 mm = 10,00 cm ts = 8,00 mm = 0,80 cm
h = 200 mm = 20,00 cm tb = 5,50 mm = 0,55 cm
Tebal Las :
Badan = ½ . √2 . 5,50 mm = 3,89 mm 3 mm ~ 0,3 cm
Sayap = ½ . √2 . 8,00 mm = 5,66 mm ~ 5 mm ~ 0,5 cm

102,50
89,50
47,25

100,00
47,25

89,50
102,50

Momen Inersia las terhadap titik berat las (Ix),

Ix1 = 2{( 112  10  0,5³) + (5  10,25²)} = 1050,83 cm 4
1 4
Ix2 = 4{( 12  4,725  0,5³) + (2,36  8,95²)} = 757,17 cm

43
 1 4
Ix3 = 2{( 12  0,3  17,4³) + (5,22 . 0)} = 263,40 cm +
4
= 2071,40 cm

Luas las = S1 + S2 + S3
= 2 (10 x 0,5) + 4 (4,725 x 0,5) + 2(0,3 x 17,4)
= 29,89cm²

2071,40cm 4
Wb = Wa = = 69,30 cm³
29,89cm

Kontrol Tegangan Las

Akibat momen
M .Ya 142815 kgcm.10,25cm
a = = = 706,69 cm²
Ix 2071,40cm 4
= 706,69 kg/cm² < las = 1680 kg/cm²

Akibat gaya normal

N 6329,32 kg
n = = = 211,75 kg/cm²
F 29,89cm 2
Q 4194,47 kg
τ = = = 140,33 kg/cm²
F 29,89cm 2

σi = (a  n)  3.

2 2

= (706,69  322,75) 2  3.140,33 2

= 1057,7 kg/cm² < 0,7. (2400 kg/cm²) = 1680 kg/cm²

44