Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the materials and procedure used in conducting the

study. This includes the research design, materials, procedure, testing and statistical

treatment.

Research Site Location and Duration

Research Design

This study utilized the Completely Randomize Design. The controlled

variable was commercial paper which would be the basis to compare our paper. There

was only one treatment with three replications.

Gathering materials, tools, and equipment

Water

Blending process

Paper molding process

Drying Process

Pressing Implement

Testing the tensile strength, texture and heat resistance

Gathering and analyzing the data

Statistical Treatment

Figure 1. Flow Chart of the General Procedure

Materials/ Equipment

The following materials were used in the study; 1500 millimeter for boiling and

1000 millimeter for blending of clean water, gloves and mask for the protection against

the exposure of the chemical, blender, scissors, “14x20” cm. frame mold and deckle in

sheet forming, clean damp cloth, casserole, soft brush, stirring implement, a large basin,

pot holder, and gas stove. Chemical used are 15% of sodium hydroxide pellet to separate

the lignin and cellulose and 50 grams of chlorine for improving the color of a paper. In

testing the characteristics, the researchers used 2 spring balance, scissors, pointed pen

and thread for the tensile strength and iron for heat resistance.

Procedure

A. Pre-experimental Stage

The materials needed were prepared before the conduct of the experiment.

The researchers collected Jute Mallow leaves at Pineda Compound, General Santos City.

Then, the researchers cleaned the leaves thoroughly. The jute mallow leaves were

soaked ten minutes in warm water. Prepare the casserole for boiling process but before

proceeding for boiling process wear first the gloves and mask for safety.

B. Experimental Stage

Boiling Process

Boiling would be the next step in making paper. The boiling time is 30

minutes with low boiling heat temperature. First, the researchers put 1500 millimeter of

clean water in the casserole and added 15% of sodium hydroxide pellet. Then, put 100
grams of Jute Mallow leaves and placed it on the gas stove. While boiling, thoroughly and

constantly stirred was done by the researchers. After it boils, the researchers used the

pot holder in removing the casserole. Carefully, the researchers added 50 grams of

chlorine and cooled it for 1 hour. The researchers conducted it in the well-ventilated area

for we used chemicals. After that, using the strainer, the researchers separated the boiled

Jute Mallow leaves from the water. The researchers would rinse the fiber thoroughly.

Blending Process

In this process, put the Jute Mallow and 1000 millimeter of clean water in

the blender. The researchers used 3 minutes for blending since the Jute Mallow leaves

are already soft and easy to blend.

Paper Molding Process

The researchers used “14x20” cm. frame mold and deckle in a purpose to

get the pulp of Jute Mallow. Then, we directly put the Jute Mallow pulp to the frame mold

and deckle. The frame mold and deckle are gradually moved back and forth to scatter the

pulp of Jute Mallow. We researchers waited for several minutes to drain the water

properly.

Drying Process

Remove the deckle and allow the damp cloth to be placed under the frame

mold. Then, the researchers used a soft brush to carry away the remaining water. Turn

the frame mold backward and slowly separate the frame mold from damp cloth. The sheet

formed Jute Mallow should be on the damp cloth. Let the pulp of Jute Mallow placed and
dried under the sun not less than 1 hour. Transfer the damp cloth into the frame mold and

placed on one side. Patiently, the researchers dried the Jute Mallow overnight.

Pressing Implement Process

The researchers used only one pressing device which is the unplugged iron

to improve the quality of Jute Mallow paper.

C. Post-experimental Stage

Measuring the Tensile Strength

The researchers used two spring balance. First, the researchers used a

pointed pen to make a hole between the opposite ends of a paper. Second, using a

scissor cut a thread with an estimated length. Third, let the thread enter on the hole and

tied it properly. Forth, on the opposite ends of a paper tied up with thread, we used the

hook of spring balance to hold each thread. Fifth, associated with one person should hold

each spring balance. Sixth, before proceeding, first we make sure and checked that the

label of measurement in spring balance is in 0. And after checking, the researchers slowly

stretched the spring balance with equal force until the paper scratched. And lastly,

researchers recorded the measurement of forced used in spring balance. The unit used

in the testing is Newton (N).

Describing the Texture

The researchers used to test the comparison of Jute Mallow paper and commercial
paper between its roughness and smoothness by using the sense of touch.

Measuring the Heat Resistance

The researchers used iron to test the heat resistance of paper by determining the

longevity of Jute Mallow paper and commercial paper in durability expectancy namely:

Level 1 with 110C, Level 2 with 150C, and Level 3 with 200C. In each level we used

30 seconds in testing its heat resistance.

Statistical Treatment

The following statistical treatment was employed in the study:

1. To determine the significant difference on the tensile strength of the Jute Mallow

paper (Corchorus olitorious L.) and commercial paper (Orion Construction paper), mean

was used.

2. To determine the significant difference between the Jute Mallow (Corchorus

olitorious L.) paper and commercial paper (Orion Construction paper), Analysis of

Variance was used.