1. Due to Bella’s nervousness, she did not 1.

Because Bella was nervous, she did not

pass the driving test. pass the driving test

Signal phrase: due to Signal phrase: because

Cause: Bella’s nervousness Cause: Bella was nervous

Effect: She did not pass the driving test Effect: She did not pass the driving test

2. He’s always late because of his gaming 2. He’s always late because he always stay
habits up at night

Signal phrase: Because of Signal phrase: Because

Cause: His gaming habits Cause: he always stay up at night

Effect : He’s always late Effect : He’s always late

3. As a result of the rain, we canceled the 3. The outing was canceled since it’s raining
outing.
Signal phrase: since
Signal phrase: As a result of
Cause: it’s raining
Cause: the rain
Effect : the outing was canceled
Effect : we canceled the outing
4. Dennis could not sing for his throat is
4. Dennis could not sing owing to his sore sore
throat
Signal phrase: for
Signal phrase: owing to
Cause: his throat is sore
Cause: his sore throat
Effect : Dennis could not sing
Effect : Dennis could not sing
5. She was dismissed as a consequence
5. She was dismissed as a consequence of her ignorance
of her ignorance
Signal phrase: as a consequence of
Signal phrase: as a consequence of
Cause: her ignorance
Cause: her ignorance
Effect : She was dismissed
Effect : She was dismissed