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Wear Analysis of Brass, Aluminium and Mild Steel by using Pin-on-disc Method
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Ramakant Rana
Maharaja Agarsain Institute of Technology
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• Adhesive wear Erosive wear of the etched disc is caused by the impact of
particles of solid or liquid against the surface of coating [4].
The transfer of material from one surface to another The impacting particles gradually remove material from the
throughout the relative motion by a process of solid-phase surface through repeated deformations and cutting actions. It
welding is defined as Adhesive wear or it can be defined as is a widely encountered mechanism in industry.
the transfer of material from one surface to another as a result
of localized bonding between contacting surfaces. Particles II. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
that are removed from one surface are either permanently or
Set up used in the study of wear test is capable of creating
temporarily attached to the other surface [1].
reproducible abrasive wear situation accessing the abrasive
wear resistance of the prepared samples. It consists of a pin on
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3rd International Conference on Manufacturing Excellence – MANFEX 2016
disc, loading panel and controller. The entire test was carried The specimen was held steady and stationary within a holder
out using a “pin on disk” machine with normal condition. The of the apparatus and the required normal load was applied
condition has 40-50% relative humidity and a temperature of through lever mechanism as can be seen in the figure 1. The
32-35OC.A high precision weighing machine (accuracy sliding distance was kept at 1.0 km for all tests various levels
0.001gm.) has been used to weigh the pin specimen before and of the load speed and pin material were listed in table 1.
after the tests. in the due course of the experiment. The mass
loss was measured on weigh balance (accuracy 0.001gm.) and At the end of each set of experiment the mass loss of the pin
after that wear rate has been calculated by using the given specimen was measured by a high precision weighing machine
formula: and time taken to the mass loss was recorded with the help of
K = V w/ t (1) a precise stopwatch as shown in table 2 [9].
Here, K: is the wear rate(gram/sec), Vw: is the mass loss TABLE 2: Observations for different set of input factors
(grams), t= time (sec)
Weight of Pin
(gram)
Material
Speed
Time
Load
Before
After
Brass 2 kg 1000 7.5091 7.5064 954.8
Brass 5 kg 1300 7.5064 7.2764 367.23
Brass 8 kg 1600 7.2764 6.6820 198.91
Mild Steel 2 kg 1300 2.7015 2.6796 183.62
Fig. 1. Wear and Friction Monitor Used for the Wear Tests Mild Steel 5 kg 1600 2.6796 2.6587 119.35
III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP Mild Steel 8 kg 1000 2.6587 2.5088 159.13
Aluminium 2 kg 1600 6.9543 6.9488 99.46
Experiments were performed using a design matrix generated
with the help of taguchi technique. Three different materials Aluminium 5 kg 1000 6.9488 6.9324 190.96
were chosen as pin material which were tested at three Aluminium 8 kg 1300 6.9324 6.6323 183.62
different levels of speed and loads. Hardened tool steel was
taken as the plate material. Pin samples and disc has been
cleaned properly before and after each test to prevent any form
of corrosion on the surface.
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Wear Analysis of Brass, Aluminium and Mild Steel by using Pin-on-disc Method
Figure 3 shows the Normal probability plot for Wear Rate data
and the Figure 4 shows the Interaction Plot for Wear Rate. The
results in Figure 3 and Figure 4 revealed that the residuals
generally fall on a straight line implying that the errors are
normal. Figure 3 also revealed that they have a pattern and all
the values are in an unusual structure. This implies that the
range proposed in the Design of Experiment is adequate and
there is no reason to suspect any violation of the independence
assumption [7].
V. CONCLUSION
The material undergoes heavy wear due to sticking of the
surfaces as a result of heat generated from friction. The
amount of wear increases as the normal load and disc speed
increases and test pin and the disc exhibits high amount of
chatter due to sticking of surfaces.
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3rd International Conference on Manufacturing Excellence – MANFEX 2016
1) For the Wear Rate, the Load and the Pin Materialare the [4] Y. Iwai a, T. Honda, H. Yamadaa, T. Matsubara, M. Larsson, S.
main influencing factors on the Wear, followed by the speed Hogmarkd, Evaluation of wear resistance of thin hard coatings
of the disc. by a new solid particle impact test, Wear, 251, 2001, 861–867
[5] Sharma Kumar Vipin, Singh R.C., Chaudhary Rajiv, “wear
2) Interaction plots are useful in determining the optimum testing of aluminiumsilicon alloy fabricated by stir casting”, isft-
condition to obtain particular values of Wear Rate. 2016, id no: 2016-isft- 443, (2016)
[6] Singla manoj, Singh Lakhvir, Chawla Vikas, “Study of wear
3) Verification experiments carried out show that the properties of Al-Sic composites”, Journal of minerals and
materials charactrerisation and engineering, 813-819, (2009)
optimized values can be used for obtaining the wear within
[7] Basavarajappa S., Chandramohan G., “Dry sliding wear
6% error as can be seen in Normal probability plot for Wear
behaviour of metal matrix composites: a statistical approach”,
Rate data (Figure 3). Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 656–660,
(2006).
REFERENCES [8] Dharmalingam S, Subramanian R, Somasundara Vinoth K,
[1] K. Kato, Wear in relation to friction - a review, Wear, 241, Anandavel B., “Optimization of tribological properties in
2000, 151–157 aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites using gray-Taguchi
[2] M. Singh, D. P. Mondal, O. P. Modi, A. K. Jha, Two body method”, J Mater Eng Perform, 1457–66, (2011)
abrasive wear behaviour of aluminum alloy sillimanite particle [9] Mandal N., Roy H., B Mondal, Murmu N.C, Mukhopadhyay
reinforced composite, Wear, 253, 2002, 357–368 S.K., “Mathematical modelling of wear characteristics of 6061
[3] Y. Torres, S. Rodriguez, A. Mateo, M. Anglada, and L. Llanes, Al–alloy–SiC composite using response surface methodology”,
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