Taller hidráulica de Canales UdeA

2009

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Ejemplos de resaltos

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 Occurrence of Critical Depth.
The critical depth will occur in open-channel flow when a change in channel slope brings
about a change from tranquil to rapid flow or from rapid to tranquil flow.
Two occurrences of critical depth are shown in Fig. 120, where a change
from a mild slope to a steep slope causes the flow to pass through the
critical depth in its smooth transition from tranquil to rapid flow.
An abrupt change from rapid to tranquil flow, the "hydraulic jump;"

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occurs when the slope of the channel is changed again to a mild slope ;
here again the flow passes through the critical depth.
At free outfall from a channel of mild slope (Fig. 121), the critical
depth will occur a short distance upstream from the brink. The reason
for this is apparent from the specific-energy diagram (Fig. 118). With
no obstruction to maintain the depth, the
depth may fall from the normal depth of
tranquil flow (existing at a great distance
up the channel) to the critical depth but
may fall no more since further reduction in
depth necessitates a gain in specific energy
and there is no energy supply from which
an energy increase may be drawn. The The
fact that the brink depth, d , is less than the critical is no violation
of this principle; here the flow curvatures induce accelerations which
upset the simple laws of specific energy. Rouse 8 has found that for
very mild slopes the brink depth is a fixed proportion of the critical
depth given by

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