Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Technology

OPERATING PRINCIPLE
§ Based on a well known and reproducible phenomenon 100%
o The band-gap variation in the absorption spectrum of the
semiconductor GaAs (Gallium Arsenide) with respect to temperature

§ GaAs can also be looked at as a variable optical filter (low pass)

o Wavelengths towards visible are blocked
o Wavelengths towards infrared are transmitted
§ A Direct Contact temperature sensor 0%
§ GaAs material properties will never change with time, ever ! ï Visible Infrared ð
o No DRIFT…
o No RECALIBRATION…

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 Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Technology

SYSTEM DESIGN
§ The System consists of FIBER OPTIC TEMPERATURE SYSTEM

§ Light source While Light

Source
§ Optical coupler
§ Rugged Spectrometer GaAs
Sensor
§ Electronics for Data Processing, Storage & Visualization
Optical Fiber Optic Probe
§ An optical fiber delivers white light to the semiconductor
Coupler
GaAs sensor glued at the Probe Tip
Spectrometer
§ Some of the light is absorbed – Depending on the
Dielectric
temperature of the GaAs Crystal at the Probe Tip Fiber Cladding Mirror
Coating
§ The light is reflected by a dielectric mirror and returns
Injected
through the same fiber for analysis by the on-board Light
Spectrometer
Reflected
§ Highly reliable monitors suited to automotive Light
Fiber GaAs Crystal
environments Core (Sensor)

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 Fiber Optic Sensors: Immunity to Environments

High voltage:
Radiation: Nuclear
Greater than 1200kV

Magnetic Field: Greater Radio Frequency

than 25 Tesla (100 kHz up to 10 MHz)

Chemicals:
Vibration: 10g+ Force
All pH levels (0 – 14)

Microwave
Bio Safe: Sterile Environments
(300MHz to 300GHz)

§ No Need for Isolation: Highly dielectric strength

§ Avoid complex compensation and Calibration: Immune to Noise
§ Ultra Fast Response: Accurate Thermal Profiling
§ Smaller Size and Intrinsically Safe: Easy to use and handle Sensors

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§ Explosion Proof: Suitable for Explosive Environments
 Benefits of Fiber Optic Sensors over Traditional Sensors

§ Electric vehicles are going to 1000V+, 700A+ for cars and 2400V+, 1000A+ for trucks

§ Traditional thermocouples are too slow and significant limitation above 200V

§ Thermocouple output is in millivolts and gets affected by Electric and Magnetic fields

§ Safety Risk from Thermocouples: Risk of short circuit at higher voltages, Corrosion etc.

§ Thermocouples are Non-Linear: Sensors are non-linear, require complex compensation

§ Thermocouples are large: not suitable to fit into tiny spaces on PCBs, Power Electronics, Charging Points

§ Slower Response: Thermocouples are not fast enough for accurate thermal profiling

§ Variation from Batch to Batch: Impact accuracy and repeatability of testing

§ Susceptible to High Voltage and Magnetic Fields

§ Thermocouples are not suitable for Explosive Environments

§ Thermocouples are not suitable with longer signal cables

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 Fiber Optic Temperature Sensors: applications

§ Transformer Winding Hot Spot Monitoring § Microwave Heating

§ Switchgear Temperature Monitoring § Microwave Digestion
§ Motor Winding Temperature Monitoring § Microwave Ablation
§ Cable Termination Temperature § RF / Microwave Drying
Energy/ Utilities RF / Microwave
§ Food Packaging
§ Soil decontamination
§ EV Motors
§ EV Battery Cells
Application for Fiber
§ EV Battery Module § Glass Manufacturing
§ EV Battery Pack Optic Temperature § Process and Control
§ Power Electronics E-Mobility Sensors Industrial § Mining Applications
§ Charging Equipment

§ MRI Machines / Coils

§ Sensor for Catheters § Cryogenic Research

§ CT scan, PAT scan § Pharmaceutical Research

§ Clinical Trails
Medical Research Lab § Consumer Product Research

5 § Cancer Treatment § Environmental Research