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Light Detectors
Characteristics
Sensitivity
Accuracy
Spectral Relative Response(R())
Absolute Sensitivity(S())
Signal-to-noise ratio
--Noise equivalent input power
http://www.electron-tubes.co.uk/pmts/pmt_select.html
Characteristics
Intensity range
Response time
-effect of detector time constant
Price
Types of Detectors
Light Detectors can be classified int
Thermal Detectors
--changes the temperature dependent properties of
detectors
--wavelength independent sensitivity
--sensitivity depends on detector parameters
--heat capacitance
--thermal losses
Thermal Detectors
Calorimeter
Thermal Detectors
Thermal Detectors
Bolometer
consists of N thermocouples in series
Limitations:
Input impedance of the amplifier should be larger
than R for a change in current
Current through bolometer should be kept Constant
Temperature rise due to joule’s heating limits the
maximum current through bolometer
Golay Cell
Direct Photo detectors
Doped semiconductors
Can be either photovoltaic or
photoconductive
P-n junction when irradiated generates
photovoltage
Photoconductive elements change their
internal resistance
Photodiode
Photodiode
Photodiode
Definition:
The streak camera is a device which measures ultra-
fast light phenomena and delivers intensity vs. time vs.
position (or wavelength) information
Streak Camera
Streak Camera
Parameters
Slit width and read out pixel
Tube Spatial Resolution
Magnification and Deflection Speed
Chromatic Aberration and Space Charge
Limitation
Scale Effects (Small is Beautiful?)
Streak Camera
Features
Simultaneous measurement of light intensity on
both the temporal and spatial axis (wavelength
axis)
By positioning a multi-channel spectroscope in front
of the slit (for the incident light) of the streak camera,
the spatial axis is reckoned for the wavelength axis.
This enables changes in the light intensity on the
various wavelengths to be measured (time-resolved
spectroscopy).
Streak Camera