PRETEST

Educational Research
LET Review
Read and analyze each item and select the correct option that answers each question.
1. This pertains to the cross-checking of data using various sources for multiple data collection procedures.
A. Norming Group B. Pilot Study C. Replication D. Triangution
2. Situation: A researcher identifies a sample from a list after counting every Kth. What type of sampling is used?
A. Systematic Sampling B. Random Sampling C. Purposive Sampling D. Snowball Sampling
3. This is one strategy employed to achieve internal reliability. This involves the corroboration of other researchers working in similar settings.
A. Peer Examination C. Low Inference Descriptors
B. Multiple Researchers D. Mechanically Recorded Data
4. Which of the following statements doesn’t describe a quantitative research?
A. It is objective. C. It is inductive.
B. It employs quantitative methods. D. It can be generalized.
5. A qualitative research is regarded as:
A. Process-oriented B. Outcome-oriented C. Verification-oriented D. None of the above
6. Situation: A researcher conducting a study wants to make sure that the items in the questionnaire or instrument are logically distributed. What
measure should be applied?
A. Inter-rater coding C. Construction of table of specification
B. Application of two research methods D. Re-testing
7. This type of research is typically carried out by classroom teachers for purposes of improving classroom instruction.
A. Translation B. Case Study C. Ethnography D. Action Research
8. Situation: A researcher is interested in determining the significance or non significance of the mean scores of students in reading comprehension
and the mean scores on their attitude towards reading. Which statistical tool should be applied?
A. Chi-square B. Factorial Analysis C. T-test D. ANOVA
9. Situation: A research wants to know the relationship between the students’ grammatical competence in L2 and the number of Language they use at
home. What type of research should he/she undertake?
A. Descriptive Research C. Correlation Research
B. Experimental Research D. Action Research
10. The focus of discourse analysis as technique in research is on the:
A. Relationship between discourse and cognitive processing C. Relationship between social practices and behaviour
B. Relationship between discourse and social practices D. Relationship between discourse and behaviour
11. Naturalistic setting pertains to:
A. a contrived environment C. normal environment
B. experimental environment D. none of the above
12. Which of the following is given focus in an ethnographic study?
A. an individual C. language attitudes of students
B. a literary piece D. language norms of a community
13. Which of the following describes a historical research?
A. It investigates the non-verbal cues in a conversation. C. It studies how a group of individuals operates or functions
B. It applies theories in studying a phenomenon. D. It examines the elements of history
14. Which of the following is not a qualitative gathering tool?
A. Interview guide C. Survey forms
B. Focus-Group discussion (FGD) D. Field notes
15. The major concern of a translation study is to:
A. Record conversation C. Video tape natural-occurring activities
B. Translate literary pieces from one language to another D. Collect historical facts
16. Which of the following can be considered a secondary source of data?
A. diaries B. medical records C. scholarly journals D. testimonies
17. An ethnographic research describes _____.
A. nonverbal cues B. a culture C. a literary work D. an experiment
18. Triangulation is an important research strategy to strengthen research findings. Triangulation can be achieved by _____.
A. using one research framework and applying two data gathering tools C. employing one research method and two investigators
B. applying three research gathering tools D. having one research investigator and two research frameworks
19. A good research topic for an action research can most likely be drawn from _____.
A. literary texts C. conversation with teachers
B. research journals D. classroom interaction
20. Descriptive research is also called a/an _____.
A. experimental research C. survey research
B. correlational research D. action research
21. This is a technique in which the research-participant tries to remember what she/he has in mind or was thinking while performing a specific task or
activity. This task/activity is usually taped and transcribed.
A. completion task B. stimulated recall C. observation schemes D. interview
22. This is called literal translation because the words are translated in their most common meaning.
A. word-for-word translation C. context-based translation
B. meaning-based translation D. culture-based translation
23. This type of an interview guide is recommended for neophyte interviewers.
A. structured interview C. semi-structured interview
B. unstructured interview D. interview schedule
24. In a census, which type of interview question is most likely to be asked?
A. knowledge question C. feelings questions
B. sensory questions D. background/demographic questions
25. Using this technique, the observer jots down what he/she has seen at, heard from, and experience in a specific situation.
A. observation B. field notes C. peer examination D. recording data
PRETEST