Professional Documents
Culture Documents
188. 'he power from t h e engine (1 ) i s transmitted through a 10 in. Borg and Beck
single dry p l a t e clutch t o a 5-speed gearbox (6), which i s devoid of reverse gear.
l 90. A long Hardy-Spicer propeller shaft ( l 1) directs the drive from the transfer
box output shaft t o a sliding dog clutch integral with t h e front axle (1 6),
permitting four wheel drive t o be obtained when required.
Descri p t ion
191. The 10 in. single dry p l a t e type clutch consists of a driven p l a t e assembly,
f i t t e d on the spline ens-of the gearbox primary shaft and a cover assembly bolted t o
the engine flywheel.
l 93. The cover assembly consists of a pressed s t e e l cover (6) and a.cast-iron pres-
sure p l a t e ( 3 ) loaded by twelve thrust springs (4). Mounted on the pressure p l a t e
are three release levers (11) each of which pivots on a f l o a t i n g pin (13 ) retained by
an eye-bolt (1 2). A n adjustment nut (8) is screwed on t o t h e eyebolt and secured by
staking. A s t r u t (9) i s interposed between the lug on the pressure p l a t e and the
ozter end of the release lever, An a n t i - r a t t l e spring (7) r e s t r a i n s the release
lever, and a retainer spring (10) connects the release lever p l a t e (5) t o the lever.
195. The pedal lever i s pivoted on the s h d t by two oil-retaining bronze bearings
pressed into the opposite ends of a long boss and i s retained i n position between
an hutment washer (6) a t the inner side and a plain washer (5) a t t h e outer side
by a c i r c l i p (9). I n each end of the bore i n the boss i s a rubber sealing ring
f o r excluding dirt and water from the bearings. A screwed plug at t h e right-hand
end of the s h a t give6 access t o an a x i a l d r i l l i n g through which o i l cm- be injected
t o lubricate the clutch and brake lever bearings simultaneously.
196. The short arm of the pedal lever i s connected by an adjusting rod, a relay lever
and an operating rod t o the clutch operating lever (18).
197. The adjusting rod (12) i s provided with l e f t and right-hand threads a t opposite
ends. The end with the right-hand thread i s f i t t e d with a fork-end (1 l ) , backed by a
locknut f o r pin-jointing t o t h e pedal lever.
(1 3) carried i n one arm of the relay lever (14) .
The other end i s screwed i n t o a trunnicm
When the rod i s turned i n one
direction, i t s effective length i s increased so increasing the pedal f r e e movement.
When turned i n the other direction the f r e e movement 2s decreased. The f r e e movement
required i s 3/4 t o 1 in.
200. I n the "off" position of the pedal, a rubber sealing washer, attached t o t h e front
end boss of the pedal lever, i s held i n contact with the underside of t h e vehicle f loar.
Description
201. The gearbox i s of the 5-speed, all synchromesh type provided with Warner type,
floating cone, baulking synchronizer units and i s devoid of reverse gear.
203. The primary shaft, with i n t e g a l gear f o r driving the layshaft gear cluster (50),
i s supported i n the front w a l l of the gearcase (1) by means of a medium journal b a l l
bearing (57) f i t t e d i n a mild s t e e l housing (56). The primary shaft nut (58) securing
the b a l l bearing on the shaft i s threaded left-hand.
204. One end of the mainshaft i s supported i n the centre w a l l of the gearcase by means
of a l i g h t jomnal r o l l e r bearing (8), also f i t t e d i n a mild s t e e l housing (9), and the
other end by a heavy journal b a l l bearing (26), housed i n the r e a r cover (25).
205. The layshaft i s a plain shaft which i s mounted a t both ends i n bores provided i n
the gearcase and i s prevented fram rotating by the engagement of i t s stepped end i n a
recess provided i n the f r m t cover (3).
2C6. The gearcase and covers, including the top cover (4) and the clutch thrust inspeo-
i i o n csver (2) , are made of die -cast aluminium alloy. A Gaco rubber type o i l seal
(59) i s housed i n the front cover t o prevent loss of o i l along the primary shaft. Two
seals are f i t t e d i n the rear cover, one a t each side of a spacing washer (28). The
inner seal (39) i s a Gaco rubber type seal, which i s f i t t e d i n the normal manner t o
preverit the egress of o i l . The outer seal (37) has a leather type sealing element,
rihich i s directed ov;twards i n order t o exclude mud and water during fording operations.
In addition, the sp2ces between the seals and i n the labyrinth formed between the outer
end of the rear cover and the driving flange (29) together with the flange cover (36)
are charged with grease on i n i t i a l assembly.
207. All gears are of the single helical type, with the exception of the 1 s t speed i
gears which are straight spurs, and i n t h e i r manufacture, all a r e shaved and lapped
t o minimise noise and case-hardened t o minimise wear. A l l gears are i n constant
mesh. l
1
208. The layshaft gear cluster (50) i s machined from a single stamping and i s s q p o r t a 1
on the layshaft by means of two needle r o l l e r bearings (51 ) mounted i n each end of the
bore and retained in position between three spring rings (55) which engage i n annular 4
grooves. A large thrust washer (54) i s positioned a t the front of the gear cluster l
and two s m a l l washers (42) of selective t h i c h e s s a t the rear. i
209. The mainshaft gear wheels are mounted on crowded needle r o l l e r s , and, with one
exception, i n conjunction with a splined bearing sleeve. The needle r o l l e r s (17)
f o r the l st speed wheel (1 6) are 4 mm dia. and 39.8 mm long, while those f o r the 2nd,
3rd m d 4th speed wheels ( ( 1 3 ) ~(10) and (7) respectively) are 3.5 mm &a. and
29.8 mm long. Two identical small bearing sleeves (12) are provided f o r the 2nd and
3rd speed wheels and a large sleeve (15) f o r the I st speed wheel, each sleeve being
splined t o the mainshaft. A t the front of' t h e 4th speed wheel i s a conventional
splined retaining washer ( 6 ) , which i s positioned i n ar, annular groove i n the shaft by
inem~sof a spring-loaded locking plunger (5). A t t h e r e a r of each of t h e bearing
sleeves f o r the l st and 3rd speed wheels i s a splined spacing washer (l l ) which also
retains the wheel endwise.
21 1. Each synchronizer unit comprises a sliding hub (&l), (44) and (49) , a s l i d i n g
dog (47), three s t e e l detent b a l l s (45) and three detent springs (4.6). In addition,
there are two baulking rings (48) f o r each of two units and one r i n g only f o r the
l st speed unit.
Note: At an early stage during production, and in order to improve gear changing,
the size of the detent balls was increased from 3/16 to 9/32 in. diameter. To
suit the new balls, larger springs were also supplied, while the sliding hubs were
modified by increasing the diameter o f the reanted holes for the springs and balls
from 0.192/0.194 to 0.317/0.319 in. The hubs were also modified by increasing
the width of the slots from 0.746/0.754 to 0.84610.854 in., in order to give
sincreased movement to the baulking rings (see para 212). In the latest 1st speed
and 2nd/3rd speed hubs, the width of the slots is reduced to 0.671 10.678 in.
1
212. It w i l l be observed i n Fig 63, whicli shows the component p a r t s of the 2na/3rd
speed synchronizer u n i t , that each baulking ring has three lobes (A) each formed
1
<
with a V-shaped cafi face (B) a t the inner side. I n conjunction with these lobes,
there are three s l o t s (E) a t each end of the s l i d i n g hub and three s l o t s (D) i n the
i
sliding dog. I n conjunction with the cam faces on the lobes, an inwardly inclined
cam face (C) i s formed on each end of the short splines a t each side of the s l o t s
i n t h e s l i d i n g dog.
213. The sliding dog i s mounted on the hub so t h a t the s l o t s in each a r e equally dis-
posed on the same radial centre lines, and i s ' h e l d i n the disengaged position by means
of the spring-loaded detent balls. Engaging i n the s l o t s at each side of the s l i d i n g
hub ( a t one side only i n the case of the 1 s t speed u n i t ) are the three lobes of a baulk-
ing ring which i s permitted a certain amount of circumferential freedom limited by the
cam faces on the lobes contacting the mating faces i n the s l i d i n g aog. It may be seen
i n Pig. 63, that t h e sliding dog can only be s l i d over t h e hub when t h e appropriate
baulking ring has i t s lobes i n l i n e with the s l o t S (D).
214. The baulking ring, which i s made of phosphor bronze ( o r atemfa-tively of aluminium
bronze) has a coned bore f o r mating with the coned extension of t h e gear.
Selector mechanism
215. The gears are selected by means of a ball-type change-speed lever, which operates
any of three selector forks, each fixed t o a separate sliding rod and engaging with a .
synchronizer s l i d i n g dog.
21 6. The change-speed lever (Fig 60(22)) i s mounted i n the top cover and i s retained i n
position by a t h i n s t e e l seat (18), synthetic rubber packing (19) and a dished s t e e l
cover (20). A synthetic rubber g a i t e r (21) i s clipped t o the lever and the lever
cover t o pfevent t h e entry of water t o t h e b a l l mounting during fording operations.
217. The selector rods and other associated p a r t s are shown i n Fig 61. The 1 s t speed
selector rod (10) i s assembled with a selector fork (11) and a distance-piece (9), the
2nd/3rd speed rod (18) with a selector (l 7) and a selector fork ( 1 9 ) ~while t h e
speed selector rod (20) i s assembled with a selector ( 1 6 ) ~a distance-piece and a
selector fork (21). Each selector and selector fork i s secured i n position by a con-
ical-pointed locating screw (22). The 1 s t speed selector fork i s assembled with a
spring-loaded stop plunger (15) M c h projects i n t o the s t r i k e r s l o t and i s located by
a small detent plunger, a l s o spring-loaded. I n neutral, t h e s t r i k i n g end of the
change-speed lever can engage f r e e l y with e i t h e r the 2nd/3rd or the J+th/5th speed
selector, but extra pressure must be exerted on the lever t o engage with the 1 s t speed
selector fork. The two distance-pieces serve as stops f o r the respective rods when
they are pushed forward.
218. Each selector rod i s located i n the neutral or engaged position by a spring-loaded
detent plunger Fig 60(23)). There i s also an interlocking arrangement, which i s
shown in Pig 6 1 b), and comprises an interlocking pin (13), carried i n the centre or
2nd/3rd s eed selector rod, and aligned in neutral with two identical interlocking
plungers 712) mounted a t each side of We rod i n transverse holes in the gearcase.
The pin and plungers together with the detent grooves in the selector rods prevent any
two rods being moved sir.~.~~lteneously
by the change-speed lever.
E022 i
220. The clutch withdrawal bearing operating fork, ( ~61 (6)), i ~with its two
located by two f l a t s provided i n the bearing housing, i s secured by two c o t t e r pins
t o the clutch operating shaft (4), on which are mounted two clutch withdrawal bearing
return springs of opposite hand (5) and ( 7 ) , one end of each spring being located i n
a s l o t i n the gearcase and the other end hooked over an i n t e g r a l peg at one s i d e of
the bearing housing.
221. The clutch operating shaft i s supported i n three thinwall bushes (Fig 60(35)),
one bush being pressed i n t o a short boss a t the left-hand side of the gearcase and
t w o i n t o a long boss a t the opposite side, where the operating lever i s attached t o
tne shaft. - A synthetic rubber sealing r i n g (34), f i t t i n g i n a groove i n the shaft,
i s located just inside the long boss.
223. A small screwed plug (Fig 60(53)) i s stowed i n a v e r t i c a l blind hole under the
front end of the gearcase u n t i l required f o r use in sealing the adjacent clutch
housing drain hole during fording operations.
Lubrication
t
224. Lubrication of the geaxbox i s effected by the splash method, the lower portion
of the gearcase serving as a reservoir f o r oil. O i l i s directed by passages i n the
front arid r e a r covers t o d r i l l e d passages i n the ends of the layshaf't and thence t o
the needle r o l l e r bearings supporting the layshaft gear cluster.
226. A lubricating nipple (27) i s provided f o r replenishing the grease between the
o i l seals in the r e a r cover and thereby i n the labyrinth also. A vent plug (38),
incorporating a spring-loaded disc valve, prevents excessive pressure being
developed between the o i l seals while replenishing the grease.
229. The particular feature i n the operation of the gearbox i s that the eynchronizer
units, due t o the f l o a t i n g cone baulking rings, ensure a delaying action u n t i l
eynchronization of the parts t o be meshed together i s a a e v e d and so prevent a clash
change. Each synchronizer u n i t operates in a similar manner, except t h a t the 1 s t
speed unit engages and disengages one gear only. The action of the &th/5th speed
unit i s described i n t h e paragra&s which follow.
230. Assume that 4th speed i s engaged and it i s required t o change up t o 5th speed.
I n 4th speed, the sliding dog i s meshed with the dog teeth of the 4th speed mainshaft
gear and the external teeth on the s l i d i n g hub, which i s splined t o t h e mainshaft, so
providing a positive drive from 4th speed gear t o mainshaft. By moving the change-
speed lever i n t o neutral, the clutch being disengaged, the sliding dog i s disengaged
from the 4th speed gear and s l i d forward i n t o a central position on the hub, when the
spring-loaded detent b a l l s r e g i s t e r in the grooves provided. The conditions now are
as shown i n Fig 60(a).
232. I n order t o engage 1 s t speed, which i s only required t o meet abnormal road
conditions, such as ascending or descending steep h i l l s , extra pressure must be
exerted on the change-speed lever. T h i s provision prevents accidental engagement .
i n normal operating conditions.
234. The main and front drive propeller shafts are open shafts of Hardy-Spicer type
each comprising a tubular shaft assembly (3) and (4) respectively, a sleeve yoke (21 t o
form a sliding joint and two circular flange yokes ( l ) coupled a t the extreme ends by
needle r o l l e r bearing universal joints. The two shaf'ts are similar except i n respect
t o overall length and t o diameter of the tubular portion. The nominal length of the
main drive propeller shaft i s 36 3/8 inches between flange faces and the out side
diameter of the tubular portion i s 2 inches, the corresponding dimensions of the front
drive sWt being 56 l/& and 2 l/& inches respectively.
236. The sleeve yoke i s splined with a s l i d i n g f i t on the stub shaft of t h e tubular
sh&t assembly with the lugs or trunnions of t h e sleeve and stub yokes i n line. To
ensure t h a t the sleeve yoke i s reassembled i n the same r e l a t i v e position, two alien-
ment arrows are provided, one being stanped on t h e sleeve yoke and the other on t h e
stub shaft. A s shown i n F i g 65, t h e inner end of n e sleeve yoke (10) i s threaded
externally f o r a dust cap (8) which encloses a cork washer (7) m-d a s t e e l washer (9)
a t the back,'both washers being s p l i t f o r mounting on the stub shaft. The cork
washer, v&en l i g h t l y compressed by the dust cap, prevents l o s s of lubricant from and
the e c t r y of foreign matter i n t o the s l i d i n g joint.
237. A flange yoke (1) i s coupled t o t h e sleeve yoke by means of a journal or spider
(1 2) supported by four needle r o l l e r bearings (5), each f i t t i n g i n a cross-hole i n
one of the yokes and retained by a snap r i n g (4). The journal or spider i s assembled
with a cork gasket (11) i n a r e t a i n e r a t t h e inner end of each bearing journal t o
prevent l o s s of o i l and exclude foreign matter from t h e bearings. An i d e n t i c a l flange
yoke i s coupled i n a similar manner t o the stub yoke of t h e tubular sMt assenbly.
I1
1
Issue 1 , 20 dun 55
ELECTR l CAL AN D MECHAN lCAL
ENGl NEERl NG REGULATIONS
\ *
Engine
Clutch casing :
Front wheel drive lever
Change-speed lever
Handbrake lever L
Gearbox I
Propeller &aft -
Forward and reverse lever
main drivh
Issue I , 20 Jun 55
l,
WHEELED VEHICLES
RESTRICTED
... -- . . ...... --
9 Hear.8~cle
10 Transfer box
ever -
11 Propeller shaft front drive
1 2 Hanabrake adjusting rod
13 Barrel nut
. 14 Front wheel drive clutch h u s i n g
lever 15 Steering box
ain drive 16 Front axle
Fig.57 Sectianal elevation of vehicle
.
b Page 108
" ; t
1 I
-7
ELECTRI GAL AN D MECHAni I CAL
EHOIHEERI H6 REGULATIOHS RESTR l CTED
-
WHEELED VEH l CLES
& c r e2
Elf ', 7
Pedal atem -
P&l. -
pad brake
B e e pedal. lever
~ & e p e h l return spring
'PLain washer
Abutwent warsher
B r a k e mmter cylinaer
Pedal suppoding member
~irc1i.p
Clutch pedal. lever
hrk-end
Clutch adjusting rod
Trunnion
Relay lever
Belay lever pin
Fork-end
Clutch o-peratimg rod
hutch operating Lever
--
Pedal stem alutoh
Pedal pia c l ~ c h
O i l seal, 'Terfect" N O . ~ ~ G O / I G mm
Vent plug
-
WEELED VEHI CLES
!
s e a l s w i n g washer
ing flange Fig.60 ~ r r a n ~ d e o
n ft gearbox showing shafts and gearing
ishaft
ing flange nut
hick
n plug L
. k g ring
,& operating s h a f t bushes
ing flange cover
Page 113
!
L k C
ELECTR I CAL AND MECHANlCAL
ENOl NEERl NB REQOLATIONS RESl
Issue I, ao Jun 55
7~
RESTRICTED WHEELED VEH I CLES
n
Eo22.
~lockingplungers
rlocking pin
re bearing housing locating screw
t speed selector fork plunger
th anh f i f t h speed selector
XI and third speed selector
Id and third speed selector rod
.
Id and third speed selector fork . 'Q'.
th and f i f t h speed selector rod
th and f i f t h speed selector fork
ting screw
Page l15
ELECTR I CAL W D MECtlAlY lCAL WHEELED VEH l CLES
EUQINEERlNB REBULATEOnS RESTRICTED
I Flange yokes
2 Sleeve yokes
Page 11s