James

Boswell Exam
VWO Mathematics B

Date: 2014

Time: 13:00 – 16:00 hours

Number of exercises: 5

Number of subexercises: 23

No. of attachments: 1 (double sided)

Maximum score: 85 points

• Write your name on every sheet of paper that you hand in.
• Use a separate sheet of paper for each exercise. Use the attached working sheet
for exercise 3 of this exam.
• For each exercise, show how you obtained your answer either by means of a
calculation or, if you used a graphing calculator, an explanation. No points will be
awarded to an answer without an explanation.
• Make sure that your handwriting is legible and write in ink. No correction fluid of
any kind is permitted. Use a pencil only to draw graphs and geometric figures.
• You may use the following:
o Graphing calculator (without CAS);
o Drawing utensils;
o Protractor and compass;
o Dictionary, subject to the approval of the invigilator.

Exercise 1. Power functions.

Let the family of functions: Figure 1

!! ! = ! ! − !! !

be given. Figure 1 shows the graphs of !! and !! .

The graph of !! is tangent to the !-axis at the
origin ! 0,0 and it intersects the !-axis at point
A.

4p a. In an exact manner, derive an equation
for the tangent line to the graph of !!
at point A.

The graph of !! has three points in common with the line ! = 3!.

3p b. Calculate analytically the coordinates of these three points.

! is the surface area enclosed by the graph of !! and the !-axis.

4p c. ! is revolved around the !-axis.
Analytically calculate the volume of the resulting solid of revolution.

For every ! ≠ 0, the graph of !! has two Figure 2
extreme values.

In Figure 2, the graphs of several functions !!
have been plotted. In addition, the dashed line
!
shows the graph of ! ! = − ! ! .
!

The figure suggests that all extreme points of !!
lie on the graph of g.

5p d. Prove that for all values of ! ≠ 0, the
extreme points of !! lie on the graph of the
!
function ! ! = − ! ! .
!

Exercise 2. Two exponential functions.

Let the following functions be given: Figure 3

! !! − 6! !
! ! = and ! ! = 2 − 2! ! .
!! + 2

The graphs of ! and ! have been plotted in
Figure 3. Let ! be the intersection point of the
graphs of ! and !.

3p a. Show analytically that !! = ln 2 .
(ln (!) denotes the natural logarithm of !.)

3p b. Prove that

! ! ! !! + 4! ! − 12
!! ! = .
!! + 2 !


Figure 3 shows one extreme value of the graph of !.
The question arises, whether ! has any more extremes that are not shown in the figure.

4p c. Calculate analytically the number of extremes of the graph of !.

Let V be the area enclosed by the graph of !, the graph of ! and the !-axis.

4p d. Prove that ! ! = ! ! − 8 ln(! ! + 2) is an antiderivative (i.e. primitive function) of ! ! .

4p e. Analytically calculate the surface area of !.

Exercise 3. From a kite on a circle to a cyclic square.

Use the attached working sheet to answer exercise 3.

Figure 4 shows a cyclic (or inscribed) quadrilateral Figure 4
!"#$ with its circumscribed circle.

The cyclic quadrilateral is a kite, meaning that it is a
quadrilateral for which !" = !" and !" = !".

Answer the following questions on the attached
working sheet.

4p a. Prove that AC is the bisector of the angle ∠!"#,
and of angle ∠!"#.

4p b. Prove that ∠!"# = ∠!"# = 90°.

Now the bisectors of ∠!"# and ∠!"# are
constructed.

The bisector of ∠!"# intersects the circle at point !,
and at an additional point !. The bisector of ∠!"# Figure 5
intersects the circle at point !, in addition to point !.
See Figure 5.

! is the center of the circle.

4p c. Show that ∠!"# = ∠!"# = 90°.

3p d. Prove that the cyclic quadrilateral PAQC is a
square.

Exercise 4. A logarithmic function.

Let ! ! = 2! ! ln !, where ln ! denotes the Figure 6
natural logarithm of !.
The graph of ! is plotted in Figure 6.

Point ! is at the intersection of the graph of !
with the !-axis.

4p a. Analytically calculate the coordinates of
the minimum of f.

4p b. In an exact manner, derive an equation
for the tangent line to the graph of ! at
point !.

4p c. Calculate the coordinates of the
inflection point of !. Give an exact
calculation.


! !
The function ! ! = ! ! ln ! − is an antiderivative (i.e. primitive function) of the
! !
function !(!).

4p d. Show this analytically.

V is the part of the plane enclosed by the graph of !, the vertical line ! = ! and
the !-axis.

2p e. Calculate analytically the surface area of !.

Exercise 5. Pin curve

Figure 7
Let the parametric curve K be given by:

! ! = cos(2!) − 3 sin ! − 1
!:
! ! = sin 2! − 2 cos !

We consider curve K on the interval [0, 2!]. See
also Figure 7.

Curve K shares two points ! and ! with the
!
!-axis. At time ! = !, curve K is at point !.
!

4p a. Calculate analytically the coordinates of points ! and !.

4p b. Calculate analytically the coordinates of the two points at which curve ! intercepts
the !-axis.

4p c. Using an exact computation, show that the parametric curve ! has velocity ! = 0 at point !.

!
Let !(!! , !! ) be the point on the curve K at time ! = ! + !. Point !(!! , !! ) is the point on
!
!
curve K at time ! = ! − !.
!

The following relations hold between the coordinates of the points ! and !:

!! = !! = − cos 2! − 3 cos ! − 1 and !! = −!! = − sin 2! + 2 sin ! .

4p d. Use the angle sum and difference identities to show analytically that
!! = −!! = − sin 2! + 2 sin ! .

Together, the identities !! = !! = − cos 2! − 3 cos ! − 1 and !! = −!! = − sin 2! +
2 sin ! express a geometric property of the curve !.

2p e. Which geometric property of the curve is expressed by these relations?
Explain your answer.

END

Working sheet for exercise 3 – Name: ________________________________________

Exercise 3a. Proof:

Exercise 3b. Proof:

Exercise 3c. Proof:

Exercise 3d. Proof: