Ratio & Proportion

All Important
Concepts & Tricks
By Sameer Sardana
( U.B.S. Panjab Uni.)

750+ Video Lessons On Q.A &

LR/DI For CAT

https://unacademy.com/user/sam
eersardana.ubs-5752
 Course Objective
❑ All Important Concepts & Tricks Of Ratio &
Proportion
❑Direct & Inverse Proportionality
❑ Concept Of Joint Variation (Chain Rule)
❑Direct & Inverse Relation
❑Proportionality Based Questions From Percentage,
Time & Work and Time Speed Distance
❑Previous Year CAT Questions
Basic Concept
Qus-1. In a joint family, the ratio
of females and males is 9:5 If
there are a total of 84 people in
the family, how many of them are
females?
Qus-2. In a joint family, the ratio
of females and males is 9:5 If the
number of females are 16 more
than number of males, how many
of them are females?
Qus-3. If the ages of A, B and C are
in the ratio 15 : 14 : 4 and the
average age of the A, B and C is 55
years, Find the Age of C ?
Qus-4. If the ages of A, B and C are in the
ratio 15 : 12 : 11 and the difference
between the total age of A&B with the
total age of B & C is 24 then find Age of B
Qus-5. The time taken by A,B,C and D to
reach their office from home is in the
ratio 13 : 19 : 11 : 7 If B takes 30 minutes
more than A to reach office, find the time
taken by D to reach office.
Qus-6: Divide Rs. 235 among A, B and C
such that their shares are in the ratio
1 1 1
: : respectively.
3 4 5
Qus-7: Divide Rs. 135 among A, B and C
such that their shares are in the ratio such
that A' share = B ' share = C ' share
3 4 8
Qus-8.If 3A = 4B = 5C = 6D and A + B + C +
D = 684, find the values of A, B, C and D.
Qus-9 .All the 465 students of a school are
divided into three different groups such that the
half the number of students in first group, one –
third the number of students in second group
and one – fifth the number of students in third
group are equal. Find the number of students in
each group.
(a)230, 115, 160 (b) 225, 150, 90
(c) 70, 130, 135 (e) None of these
Qus-10. Divide Rs. 549 among A, B and C
such that if their shares be increased by
Rs. 5, 6 & 7 respectively, their totals
shall be in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4. What is the
share of A?
Qus-11. In 2 vessels of equal quantity, ratio
of milk & water is 5 : 7 & 3 : 8 respectively.
If contents of these 2 vessels r mixed in 3rd
vessel, what will be ratio of milk & water
in that?
Qus-12: If a : b is 3 : 4 and b : c is 5 : 6,
find the ratio a:b:c
Qus-13: If a : b is 2 : 5, b : c is 3 : 5 and c : d
is 5 : 4, find the ratio a : b : c : d.
Qus-14: The ratio of the income of A and B
is 8 : 5 and ratio of expenditure is 5 : 4. If
the A and B save Rs. 2300 and Rs. 900
respectively, find their incomes.
Qus-15: The number of 1 Re, 50 paise and
25 paise coins in a bag is in the ratio of 5 :
8 : 16. If the bag has total Rs 780. Find the
number of 25 paise coins ?
Qus-16: (a+b) : (b+c) : (c+a) is 5 :9 : 12 and
a+b+c = 39 find the value of a x b x c ?
Proportion
Operations on Proportions

Componendo :
a c a+b c+d
= then =
b d b d

Dividendo:
a c a−b c−d
= then =
b d b c
Operations on Proportions

Componendo & Dividendo:

a c a+b c+d
= then =
b d a-b c-d
Qus-17: If the sum of two numbers and the
difference of the numbers, are in the ratio 7 :
4, find the ratio of the numbers.
Laws Of Equal Ratio

a c e a+c+e
= = = .... = k , then, =k
b d f b+d + f

Any identical linear combination of numerator

and denominator will be equal to k
QUE.18:
a c e 4 7 a + c − 8d
= = = , then, =?
b d f 5 7b + d − 8 f
QUE.19:
a c e 3 a 2 + c 2 − e2
= = = , then, 2 =?
b d f 5 b +d − f2 2
QUE.20:
a c e 2 a 3 + c 3 − e3
= = = , then, 3 =?
b d f 3 b +d − f3 3
QUE.21: Given that a,b,c are natural numbers
in continued proportion. If a+c=5, then
a 3 + c3 − b3
, 3 =?
b +a −c3 3
 Proportionality
• Direct Proportionality

• Inverse Proportionality
Qus-22: A is twice as efficient as B and takes 20
days less to do a piece of work. How much
time will be taken by A and B independently to
do the same work?
Qus-23: A person walk at a speed of 6/7 of his
usual speed and gets late to his office by 40
mins. Find the usual time to reach the office ?
Qus-24: A is twice as fast as B and B is thrice as
fast as C. If B takes 20 minutes to cover a
certain distance, find the difference in the time
taken by A and C to cover the same distance.?
Qus-25: An increase of 30 % in the price of apples
enable a man to buy 9 kg less in Rs. 390 .Find the
increased price as well as the reduced price?
Qus-26: The price of a gold varies directly as
the square of its weight. If a gold weighing 1.4
gms has a price of Rs. 9800, what will be the
price of gold weighing 2.2 gms?
Qus-27: The value of a diamond varies directly
as the square of its weight. If a diamond falls
and break down into two pieces of 4:5. What is
the loss percentage ?
Qus-28. (CAT 1999) The reduction in speed of
an engine is directly related to square root of
the no. of wagons attached. The engine can
move @ 42 kmph without any wagons
attached. An engine having 9 wagons can move
@ 24 kmph. What is the max. no. of wagons
that it can carry ?
Qus-29. The reduction in speed of an engine is
directly related to square root of the no. of
wagons attached. The engine can move @ 90
kmph without any wagons attached. An engine
having 49 wagons can move @ 60 kmph. What
is the max. no. of wagons that it can carry ?
Qus-30. (CAT 1999) Total boarding expenses of
a boarding house are partly fixed and partly
varying linearly with the number of boarders.
The average expense per boarder is Rs.700
when there are 25 boarders and Rs. 600 when
there are 50 boarders. What is the average
expense per boarder when there are 100
boarders?