风力涡轮钢结构塔楼的优化设计

Op timis ation of a s t eel t owe r f or a

wind t urbine s t ruct ure
P1 E1 Uys , J1 Fa rka s , K1 J a rmai a nd F1 va n To nder

摘　要 :为了使用于安装风力涡轮机的钢结构塔楼
设计成本最小化,该塔楼结构形式为一个微锥形的
焊接环肋壳体钢结构。用3 个柱形壳单元组件来模
拟45m 高的钢壳,每个单元都有15m 高,并且都有
恒定的平均直径和厚度。根据欧洲规范1 第2～第
4 章(Euro co de1 ,Pa rt2～4) 计算风荷载。设计中考
虑壳体屈曲和环肋的局部屈曲。环肋非常必要,它
可以阻止塔楼变成椭圆形。为计算生产成本,要考
虑将这些钢壳加工为接近圆柱形状的加工成本和组
装焊接部件的成本。成本最小化包括材料和生产成
本最小化。最适宜的壳厚度、环肋的个数和直径采
用Ro senbro ck 法直接计算。结果表明,采用环肋
的数量越少,成本就越低。这个方法可以被用来预
测微锥形塔楼的最小设计成本,满足细长型结构的
需要,这种结构以动力荷载导致的弯曲为结构的主
要荷载。

Abstract : The p urp os e of t he res earch pres ent ed in t his pa2

per is t o obtain a design t hat will minimis e t he cos t of a

s t eel t ower f or a wind t urbine1 The wind t urbine t ower in2

ves tigat ed is cons t ruct ed f rom a slightly conical ring2s tiff2

ened welded s t eel s hell1 This 45 m high s hell is modelled by

t hree s tacked cylindrical s hell s egment s , each 15 m in lengt h

and each having cons tant average diamet er and t hicknes s1

The wind load is calculat ed according t o Eurocode 1 Part 22

41 Design cons t raint s on s hell buckling and local buckling of

flat ring2s tiff eners are considered1 The ring2s tiff eners are

neces s ary t o p revent ovalisation1 To calculat e the manuf ac2

t uring cos t s , t he proces sing cos t t o f orm t he s hells int o

near cylindrical s hap es , as well as the cos t t o as s emble and

weld t he s egment s , is taken int o account1 The cos t f unc2

tion t o be minimis ed includes mat erial and manuf act uring

cos t s1 The op timum s hell t hicknes s , number of s tiff eners

and dimensions of t he s tiff eners are calculat ed using Ros en2

brock’s direct s earch met hod f or f unction minimis ation

complement ed by an additional dis cretis ation t o account f or

available profiles1 The res ult s indicat e t hat t he minimum

cos t s olution corresp onds t o t he minimum number of ring2

s tiff eners1 The p rocedure prop os ed can be t reat ed as a

bas eline f or det ermining leas t cos t designs of slightly coni2

cal t owers t hat meet t he s t ruct ural requirement s of slender

s t ruct ures p redominantly loaded by bending due t o dynamic

loads1

关键词 :环肋壳体; 壳体屈曲; 风荷载; 结构优化; 焊

接结构;生产成本
Keywords : Ring2s tiff ened s hells ; Shell buckling ; Wind load ;

St ruct ural optimis ation ; Welded s t ruct ures ; Manuf act uring

cos t s

Engineering St ruct ures , 2007 , 29 ( 7) : 1 337 - 1 342