2012-10-19

Projekt „Inżynier mechanik – zawód z przyszłością”

Zajęcia współfinansowane ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Lecture #1 - Introduction

Funduszu Społecznego

Strength of materials
Instructor: PhD eng. Olejarczyk Krzysztof
Krasickiego 54 street, room 306
Telephone: (48) 361 71 16
e-mail: k.olejarczyk@pr.radom.pl

CZŁOWIEK – NAJLEPSZA INWESTYCJA 2

• Theoretical background
1. Timoshenko S. Strength of Materials, 3rd edition. Krieger Publishing
• Extension
Company, 1976
2. Hibbeler, R.C. Statics and Mechanics of Materials, SI Edition. Prentice-
• Torsional Hall, 2004
3. Mott, Robert L. Applied Strength of Materials, 4th edition. Prentice-
• Bending Hall, 2002
4. Beer & Johnston (2006). Mechanics of Materials, 5th edition. McGraw
• Buckling Hill.
5. Fedynand L., Pytel A., Strength of materials. Singer
6. Warren C.Young Richardd G.Budynas Roark’s formulas for stress and
• Strength hypothesis strain, 7th edition. McGraw-Hill 2002.
7. Guide to mechanics
8. Internet’s web pages

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This course has two specific goals:

1. To introduce students to concepts of

1. Introduction:
stresses and strain; shearing force and bending;
- Course objectives
as well as torsion and deflection of different
- What is strength of materials, stress, strain ….
structural elements.
- Why …
2. Main body: 2. To develop theoretical and practical skills
- Fundamental concepts
relevant to the areas mentioned in 1above.
- Fundamental principles
- Major classes of materials
- Properties of materials
- Systems of units
- Types of loading
- Boundary conditions
3. Summary
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Upon successful completion of this course, students

should be able to:
1. Understand and solve simple problems involving
stresses and strain in two and three dimensions. The science of durability
2. Understand and carry out simple experiments typical structural elements under load
illustrating properties of materials in tension and
compression.
3. Draw shear force and bending moment diagrams of
simple beams and understand the relationships A load applied to a mechanical element will
between loading intensity, shearing force and bending induce internal forces within the element
moment. called stresses.
4. Compute stresses.

5.Calculate the deflection.

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The strength of any material relies on three

The stresses acting on the material cause
deformation of the material. Deformation
of the material is called strain, while the
intensity of the internal forces is called
stress.
different type of analytical method: strength,
stiffness and stability, where:
-strength refers to the load carrying capacity,
-stiffness refers to the deformation,

-stability refers to the ability to maintain its initial

configuration.

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… becouse

YOU
WILL

DO
ANYTHINK

LIKE
THAT

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• Space - Euclidean space: length, width, height, three

coordinates

• Time - definition of an event requires specification of the time

and position at which it occurred.

• Mass - used to characterize and compare bodies.

• Force - represents the action of one body on another. A force is

characterized by its point of application, magnitude, return and
direction.

In Newtonian Mechanics, space, time, and mass are absolute

concepts, independent of each other. Force, however, is not
independent of the other three. The force acting on a body is
related to the mass of the body and the variation of its velocity with
Mesh time.
-10at pressure
- Different thickness
-Uniform stress distribution
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• An alternative to major classes, you may divide materials into

classification according to properties.
• Metals
• One goal of materials engineering is to select materials with suitable
properties for a given application.
• Ceramics

• Polymers Mechanical properties

A. Elasticity and stiffness
• Electronic Materials B. Plasticity
C. Strength
• Composites D. Brittleness or Toughness
E. Fatigue
• Biomaterials

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• International System of Units (SI):

The basic units are length, time, and
mass which are arbitrarily defined as
the meter (m), second (s), and
• Kinetic Units: length, time, mass,
kilogram (kg). Force is the derived
and force.
unit,
F ma
• Three of the kinetic units, m
referred to as basic units, may be 1 N 1 kg 1 2
defined arbitrarily. The fourth s
unit, referred to as a derived unit, • U.S. Customary Units:
must have a definition compatible The basic units are length, time, and
with Newton’s 2nd Law, force which are arbitrarily defined as
the foot (ft), second (s), and pound
  (lb). Mass is the derived unit,
F ma
F
m
a
1lb
1slug
1ft s
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Boundary condition-definitions
Y

R y ,My
Translations
Axial loading
Tx, Ty Tz (1, 2, 3)
T y ,F y
Transverse loading Rotation
R x ,Mx
Rx, Ry, Rz (4, 5, 6) T z ,F z
T x ,F x X
Forces
Torsional loading
Fx, Fy, Fz
R z ,Mz
Moments
Mx, My, Mz Z Cartesian coordinate system

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An end release allows either or both ends of

a beam to rotate about or translate along
one or more of the local axis of the beam.

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Some examples to introduce topics you will learn.

 In 1949, the COMET aircraft was a newly designed, modern jet

Without the right material, a good engineering design is
wasted. Need the right material for the right job!
- Materials properties are responsible for helping achieve
engineering advances.
- Failures advance understanding.
aircraft for passenger travel. It had bright cabins due to large, square
windows at most seats. It was composed of light-weight aluminum.
 In early 1950's, the planes began falling out of the sky.
These tragedies changed the way aircraft were designed and the
materials that were used.
 The square windows were a "stress concentrator" and the aluminum
alloys used were not "strong" enough to withstand the stresses.
 Until then, material selection for mechanical design was not really
considered in designs.

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1. Autodesk Algor’s materials on: www.autodesk.algor.com

2. MSE Illinois. Introduction to engineering materials. D.D.
 Tubular constructed building. Johanson 2004
3. Hibbeler, R.C. Statics and Mechanics of Materials, SI
 Well designed and strong.
Edition. Prentice-Hall, 2004
 Strong but not from buckling. 4. J. S. Rossmann, C. L. Dym. Introduction to Engineering
 Supports lost at crash site. Mechanics a Continuum Approach, CRC Press 2009
 Heat from burning fuel adds to loss of structural support from
softening of steel (strength vs.T).

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Thank you for your attention

For further information please contact:

dr inż. Olejarczyk Krzysztof

Phone +48 48 361 71 14
mobile +48 606 142 641
e-mail: k.olejarczyk@pr.radom.pl
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