------,One of the simplest essential parts, more commonly calledcells, of which

animal and vegetable organisms, or their tissues andorgans, are composed.

-ABLY,A suffix composed of -able and the adverbial suffix -ly; as,favorably.
-ANA,A suffix to names of persons or places, used to denote acollection of notable
sayings, literary gossip, anecdotes, etc. Thus,Scaligerana is a book containing the
sayings of Scaliger, Johnsonianaof Johnson, etc.
-ANCE,A suffix signifying action; also, quality or state; as,assistance,
resistance, appearance, elegance. See -ancy.
-ANCY,A suffix expressing more strongly than -ance the idea ofquality or state; as,
constancy, buoyancy, infancy.
-ANT,A suffix sometimes marking the agent for action; as, merchant,covenant,
servant, pleasant, etc. Cf. -ent.
-ARCH,A suffix meaning a ruler, as in monarch (a sole ruler).
-ATION,A suffix forming nouns of action, and often equivalent to theverbal
substantive in -ing. It sometimes has the further meanings ofstate, and that which
results from the action. Many of these nounshave verbs in -ate; as, alliterate
-ation, narrate -ation; many arederived through the French; as, alteration,
visitation; and many areformed on verbs ending in the Greek formative -ize (Fr.
-ise); as,civilization, demoralization.
-BLAST,A suffix or terminal formative, used principally in biologicalterms, and
signifying growth, formation; as, bioblast, epiblast,mesoblast, etc.
-DERM,A suffix or terminal formative, much used in anatomical terms,and signifying
skin, integument, covering; as, blastoderm, ectoderm,etc.
-DOM,A suffix denoting:(a) Jurisdiction or property and jurisdiction, dominion, as
inkingdom earldom.(b) State, condition, or quality of being, as in wisdom, freedom.
-ED,The termination of the past participle of regular, or weak,verbs; also, of
analogous participial adjectives from nouns; as,pigmented; talented.
-EE,A suffix used, chiefly in law terms, in a passivesignification, to indicate the
direct or indirect object of anaction, or the one to whom an act is done or on whom
a right isconferred; as in assignee, donee, alienee, grantee, etc. It iscorrelative
to -or, the agent or doer.
-EN,An adjectival suffix, meaning made of; as in golden, leaden,wooden.
-ENCE,A noun suffix signifying action, state, or quality; also, thatwhich relates
to the action or state; as in emergence, diffidence,diligence, influence,
difference, excellence. See -ance.
-ENCY,A noun suffix having much the same meaning as -ence, but morecommonly
signifying the quality or state; as, emergency, efficiency.See -ancy.
-ENT,An adjective suffix signifying action or being; as, corrodent,excellent,
emergent, continent, quiescent. See -ant.
-ER,.
-ESCENT,A suffix signifying beginning, beginning to be; as,
adolescent,effervescent, etc.
-ESQUE,A suffix of certain words from the French, Italian, andSpanish. It denotes
manner or style; like; as, arabesque, after themanner of the Arabs.
-ESS,A suffix used to form feminine nouns; as, actress, deaconess,songstress.
-EST,A suffix used to form the superlative of adjectives andadverbs; as, smoothest;
earl(y)iest.
-ET,A noun suffix with a diminutive force; as in baronet, pocket,facet, floweret,
latchet.
-FEROUS,A suffix signifying bearing, producing, yielding; as,auriferous, yielding
gold; chyliferous, producing chyle.
-FUL,A suffix signifying full of, abounding with; as, boastful,harmful, woeful.
-FY,A suffix signifying to make, to form into, etc.; as, acetify,amplify, dandify,
Frenchify, etc.
-GENOUS,A suffix signifying producing, yielding; as, alkaligenous;endogenous.
-GEROUS,A suffix signifying bearing, producing; as, calcigerous;dentigerous.
-GRAM,A suffix indicating something drawn or written, a drawing,writing; -- as,
monogram, telegram, chronogram.
-GRAPH,A suffix signifying something written, a writing; also, awriter; as
autograph, crystograph, telegraph, photograph.
-GRAPHY,A suffix denoting the art of writing or describing; also, thewriting or
description itself; a treatise; as, calligraphy,biography, geography.
-GRAVE,A final syllable signifying a ruler, as in landgrave, margrave.See Margrave.
-HEAD,A variant of -hood.
-HOOD,A termination denoting state, condition, quality, character,totality, as in
manhood, childhood, knighthood, brotherhood.Sometimes it is written, chiefly in
obsolete words, in the form -head.
-IBLE,. See -able.
-IC,A suffix, denoting that the element indicated enters intocertain compounds with
its highest valence, or with a valencerelatively higher than in compounds where the
name of the elementends in -ous; as, ferric, sulphuric. It is also used in the
generalsense of pertaining to; as, hydric, sodic, calcic.
-ICS,. A suffix used in forming the names of certain sciences,systems, etc., as
acoustics, mathematics, dynamics, statistics,politics, athletics.
-IDE,A suffix used to denote: (a) The nonmetallic, or negative,element or radical
in a binary compound; as, oxide, sulphide,chloride. (b) A compound which is an
anhydride; as, glycolide,phthalide. (c) Any one of a series of derivatives; as,
indogenide,glucoside, etc.
-IN,A suffix. See the Note under -ine.
-INE,A suffix, indicating that those substances of whose names it isa part are
basic, and alkaloidal in their nature.
-ING,A suffix used to from present participles; as, singing,playing.
-ION,A noun suffix denoting act, process, result of an act or aprocess, thing acted
upon, state, or condition; as, revolution, theact or process of revolving;
construction, the act or process ofconstructing; a thing constructed; dominion,
territory ruled over;subjection, state of being subject; dejection; abstraction.
-ISE,. See -ize.
-ISH,A suffix used to from adjectives from nouns and fromadjectives. It denotes
relation, resemblance, similarity, andsometimes has a diminutive force; as,
selfish, boyish, brutish;whitish, somewhat white.
-ISM,A suffix indicating an act, a process, the result of an act ora process, a
state; also, a characteristic (as a theory, doctrine,idiom, etc.); as, baptism,
galvanism, organism, hypnotism, socialism,sensualism, Anglicism.
-IST,A noun suffix denoting an agent, or doer, one who practices, abeliever in; as,
theorist, one who theorizes; socialist, one whoholds to socialism; sensualist, one
given to sensuality.
-ITE,A suffix used to denote the salts formed from those acids whosenames end in
-ous; as, sulphite, from sulphurous; nitrite, fromnitrous acid, etc.
-ITIS,A suffix used in medical terms to denote an inflammatorydisease of; as,
arthritis; bronchitis, phrenitis.
-IVE,An adjective suffix signifying relating or belonging to, of thenature of,
tending to; as affirmative, active, conclusive,corrective, diminutive.
-IZE,A verb suffix signifying to make, to do, to practice; asapologize, baptize,
theorize, tyrannize.
-KIN,A diminutive suffix; as, manikin; lambkin.
-LESS,A privative adjective suffix, denoting without, destitute of,not having; as
witless, childless, fatherless.
-LET,A noun suffix having a diminutive force; as in streamlet,armlet.
-LING,A noun suffix, commonly having a diminutive or a depreciatoryforce; as in
duck-ling, dosling, hireling, fosterling, firstling,underling.
-LOGY,A combining form denoting a discourse, treatise, doctrine,theory, science;
as, theology, geology, biology, mineralogy.
-LY,A suffix forming adjectives and adverbs, and denoting likenessor resemblance.
-MANCY,A combining form denoting divination; as, aleuromancy,chiromancy,
necromancy, etc.
-MENT,A suffix denoting that which does a thing; an act or process;the result of an
act or process; state or condition; as, aliment,that which nourishes, ornament,
increment; fragment, piece broken,segment; abridgment, act of abridging,
imprisonment, movement,adjournment; amazement, state of being amazed, astonishment.
-MERE,A combining form meaning part, portion; as, blastomere,epimere.
-METER,A suffix denoting that by which anything is measured; as,barometer,
chronometer, dynamometer.
-METRY,A suffix denoting the art, process, or science, of measuring;as, acidmetry,
chlorometry, chronometry.
-MO,A suffix added to the names of certain numerals or to thenumerals themselves,
to indicate the number of leaves made by foldinga sheet of paper; as, sixteenmo or
16mo; eighteenmo or 18mo. It istaken from the Latin forms similarly used; as,
duodecimo,sextodecimo, etc. A small circle, placed after the number and nearits
top, is often used for -mo; as, 16°, 18°, etc.
-MORPHOUS,A combining form denoting form, shape; as, isomorphous.
-NESS,A suffix used to form abstract nouns expressive of quality orstate; as,
goodness, greatness.
-OCK,A suffix used to form diminutives; as, bullock, hillock.
-OID,A suffix or combining form meaning like, resembling, in theform of; as in
anthropoid, asteroid, spheroid.
-OL,A suffix denoting that the substance in the name of which itappears belongs to
the series of alcohols or hydroxyl derivatives, ascarbinol, glycerol, etc.
-OMA,A suffix used in medical terms to denote a morbid condition ofsome part,
usually some kind of tumor; as in fibroma, glaucoma.
-ONE,A suffix indicating that the substance, in the name of which itappears, is a
ketone; as, acetone.
-ORY,A noun suffix denoting that which pertains to, or serves for;as in ambulatory,
that which serves for walking; consistory, factory,etc.
-OSE,A suffix indicating that the substance to the name of wich itis affixed is a
member of the carbohydrate group; as in cellulose,sucrose, dextrose, etc.
-OUR,See -or.
-OUS,A suffix denoting that the element indicated by the namebearing it, has a
valence lower than that denoted by the termination-ic; as, nitrous, sulphurous,
etc., as contrasted with nitric,sulphuric, etc.
-PLASTIC,A combining form signifying developing, forming, growing;
as,heteroplastic, monoplastic, polyplastic.
-PLASTY,A combining form denoting the act or process of forming,development,
growth; as, autoplasty, perineoplasty.
-POD,A combining form or suffix from Gr. poy`s, podo`s, foot; as,decapod, an animal
having ten feet; phyllopod, an animal havingleaflike feet; myriapod, hexapod.
-PODA,A New Latin plural combining form or suffix from Gr. foot; as,hexapoda,
myriapoda. See -pod.
-RIC,A suffix signifying dominion, jurisdiction; as, bishopric, thedistrict over
which a bishop exercises authority.
-S,The suffix used to form the plural of most words; as in roads,elfs, sides,
accounts.
-SCOPE,A combining form usually signifying an instrument for viewing(with the eye)
or observing (in any way); as in microscope,telescope, altoscope, anemoscope.
-SHIP,A suffix denoting state, office, dignity, profession, or art;as in lordship,
friendship, chancellorship, stewardship,horsemanship.
-SOME,A combining form or suffix from Gr. sw^ma (gen. sw`matos) thebody; as in
merosome, a body segment; cephalosome, etc.
-STER,A suffix denoting the agent (originally a woman), especially aperson who does
something with skill or as an occupation; as inspinster (originally, a woman who
spins), songster, baxter (=bakester), youngster.
-TYPE,A combining form signifying impressed form; stamp; print; type;typical form;
representative; as in stereotype phototype, ferrotype,monotype.
-URET,A suffix with the same meaning as -ide. See -ide. [Obs.]
-WARDS,See -ward.
-WAYS,A suffix formed from way by the addition of the adverbial -s(see -wards). It
is often used interchangeably with wise; as, endwaysor endwise; noways or nowise,
etc.
-YL,A suffix used as a characteristic termination of chemicalradicals; as in ethyl,
carbonyl, hydroxyl, etc.
A CHEVAL,Astride; with a part on each side; -- used specif. indesignating the
position of an army with the wings separated by someline of demarcation, as a river
or road.
A FORTIORI,With stronger reason.
A MENSA ET THORO,A kind of divorce which does not dissolve the marriage bond,but
merely authorizes a separate life of the husband and wife.Abbott.
A POSTERIORI,Characterizing that kind of reasoning which derivespropositions from
the observation of facts, or by generalizationsfrom facts arrives at principles and
definitions, or infers causesfrom effects. This is the reverse of a priori
reasoning.
A PRIORI,Characterizing that kind of reasoning which deducesconsequences from
definitions formed, or principles assumed, or whichinfers effects from causes
previously known; deductive ordeductively. The reverse of a posteriori.
A,The first letter of the English and of many other alphabets.The capital A of the
alphabets of Middle and Western Europe, as alsothe small letter (a), besides the
forms in Italic, black letter,etc., are all descended from the old Latin A, which
was borrowed fromthe Greek Alpha, of the same form; and this was made from the
firstletter (Aleph, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The Aleph was aconsonant
letter, with a guttural breath sound that was not anelement of Greek articulation;
and the Greeks took it to representtheir vowel Alpha with the ä sound, the
Phoenician alphabet having novowel symbols. This letter, in English, is used for
several differentvowel sounds. See Guide to pronunciation, §§ 43-74. The regular
longa, as in fate, etc., is a comparatively modern sound, and has takenthe place of
what, till about the early part of the 17th century, wasa sound of the quality of ä
(as in far).
A-,A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from varioussources. (1) It
frequently signifies on or in (from an, a forms ofAS. on), denoting a state, as in
afoot, on foot, abed, amiss, asleep,aground, aloft, away (AS. onweg), and
analogically, ablaze, atremble,etc. (2) AS. of off, from, as in adown (AS. ofdüne
off the dun orhill). (3) AS. a- (Goth. us-, ur-, Ger. er-), usually giving
anintensive force, and sometimes the sense of away, on, back, as inarise, abide,
ago. (4) Old English y- or i- (corrupted from the AS.inseparable particle ge-,
cognate with OHG. ga-, gi-, Goth. ga-),which, as a prefix, made no essential
addition to the meaning, as inaware. (5) French à (L. ad to), as in abase, achieve.
(6) L. a, ab,abs, from, as in avert. (7) Greek insep. prefix a without,
orprivative, not, as in abyss, atheist; akin to E. un-.
A-GOOD,In earnest; heartily. [Obs.] "I made her weep agood." Shak.
A-MORNINGS,In the morning; every morning. [Obs.]And have such pleasant walks into
the woods A-mornings. J. Fletcher.
A-SEA,On the sea; at sea; toward the sea.
A-TIPTOE,On tiptoe; eagerly expecting.We all feel a-tiptoe with hope and
confidence. F. Harrison.
AAM,A Dutch and German measure of liquids, varying in differentcities, being at
Amsterdam about 41 wine gallons, at Antwerp 36½, atHamburg 38¼. [Written also Aum
and Awm.]
AARD-VARK,An edentate mammal, of the genus Orycteropus, somewhatresembling a pig,
common in some parts of Southern Africa. It burrowsin the ground, and feeds
entirely on ants, which it catches with itslong, slimy tongue.
AARD-WOLF,A carnivorous quadruped (Proteles Lalandii), of South Africa,resembling
the fox and hyena. See Proteles.
AB,The fifth month of the Jewish year according to theecclesiastical reckoning, the
eleventh by the civil computation,coinciding nearly with August. W. Smith.
AB-,A prefix in many words of Latin origin. It signifies from, away, separating, or
departure, as in abduct, abstract, abscond. See A-(6).
ABACA,The Manila-hemp plant (Musa textilis); also, its fiber. SeeManila hemp under
Manila.
ABACINATE,To blind by a red-hot metal plate held before the eyes. [R.]
ABACINATION,The act of abacinating. [R.]
ABACISCUS,One of the tiles or squares of a tessellated pavement; anabaculus.
ABACIST,One who uses an abacus in casting accounts; a calculator.
ABACK,Backward against the mast;-said of the sails when pressed bythe wind. Totten.
To be taken aback. (a) To be driven backwardagainst the mast; -- said of the sails,
also of the ship when thesails are thus driven. (b) To be suddenly checked,
baffled, ordiscomfited. Dickens.
ABACTINAL,Pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in aradiate
animal; -- opposed to actinal. "The aboral or abactinalarea." L. Agassiz.
ABACTION,Stealing cattle on a large scale. [Obs.]
ABACTOR,One who steals and drives away cattle or beasts by herds ordroves. [Obs.]
ABACULUS,A small tile of glass, marble, or other substance, of variouscolors, used
in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements.Fairholt.
ABADA,The rhinoceros. [Obs.] Purchas.
ABAFT,Behind; toward the stern from; as, abaft the wheelhouse. Abaftthe beam. See
under Beam.
ABAISANCE,Obeisance. [Obs.] Jonson.
ABAISER,Ivory black or animal charcoal. Weale.
ABAIST,Abashed; confounded; discomfited. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ABALIENATE,To transfer the title of from one to another; to alienate.
ABALIENATION,The act of abalienating; alienation; estrangement. [Obs.]
ABALONE,A univalve mollusk of the genus Haliotis. The shell is linedwith mother-of-
pearl, and used for ornamental purposes; the sea-ear.Several large species are
found on the coast of California, clingingclosely to the rocks.
ABANDON,To relinquish all claim to; -- used when an insured persongives up to
underwriters all claim to the property covered by apolicy, which may remain after
loss or damage by a peril insuredagainst.
ABANDONEDLY,Unrestrainedly.
ABANDONEE,One to whom anything is legally abandoned.
ABANDONER,One who abandons. Beau. & Fl.
ABANDONMENT,The relinquishment by the insured to the underwriters of whatmay remain
of the property insured after a loss or damage by a perilinsured against.
ABANDUM,Anything forfeited or confiscated.
ABANET,See Abnet.
ABANGA,A West Indian palm; also the fruit of this palm, the seeds ofwhich are used
as a remedy for diseases of the chest.
ABARTICULATION,Articulation, usually that kind of articulation which admits offree
motion in the joint; diarthrosis. Coxe.
ABASED,Borne lower than usual, as a fess; also, having the ends of thewings turned
downward towards the point of the shield.
ABASEDLY,Abjectly; downcastly.
ABASEMENT,The act of abasing, humbling, or bringing low; the state ofbeing abased
or humbled; humiliation.
ABASER,He who, or that which, abases.
ABASH,To destroy the self-possession of; to confuse or confound, asby exciting
suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, orinferiority; to put to shame; to
disconcert; to discomfit.Abashed, the devil stood, And felt how awful goodness is.
Milton.He was a man whom no check could abash. Macaulay.
ABASHEDLY,In an abashed manner.
ABASHMENT,The state of being abashed; confusion from shame.
ABASIA,Inability to coördinate muscular actions properly in walking. -- A*ba"sic
(#), a.
ABATABLE,Capable of being abated; as, an abatable writ or nuisance.
ABATE,(a) To bring entirely down or put an end to; to do away with;as, to abate a
nuisance, to abate a writ. (b) (Eng. Law) To diminish;to reduce. Legacies are
liable to be abated entirely or inproportion, upon a deficiency of assets. To abate
a tax, to remit iteither wholly or in part.
ABATEMENT,A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon.
ABATER,One who, or that which, abates.
ABATISED,Provided with an abatis.
ABATOR,(a) One who abates a nuisance. (b) A person who, without right,enters into a
freehold on the death of the last possessor, before theheir or devisee. Blackstone.
ABATTOIR,A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.
ABATURE,Grass and sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passingthrough them.
Crabb.
ABATVOIX,The sounding-board over a pulpit or rostrum.
ABAWED,Astonished; abashed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ABAY,Barking; baying of dogs upon their prey. See Bay. [Obs.]
ABB WOOL,See Abb.
ABB,Among weaves, yarn for the warp. Hence, abb wool is wool forthe abb.
ABBA,Father; religious superior; -- in the Syriac, Coptic, andEthiopic churches, a
title given to the bishops, and by the bishopsto the patriarch.
ABBACY,The dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot.
ABBATIAL,Belonging to an abbey; as, abbatial rights.
ABBATICAL,Abbatial. [Obs.]
ABBE,The French word answering to the English abbot, the head of anabbey; but
commonly a title of respect given in France to every onevested with the
ecclesiastical habit or dress.
ABBESS,A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent ofnuns, having the
same authority over the nuns which the abbots haveover the monks. See Abbey.
ABBOTSHIP,The state or office of an abbot.
ABBREVIATE,To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.
ABBREVIATED,Shortened; relatively short; abbreviate.
ABBREVIATION,One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, dividing itrespectively
into quavers, semiquavers, or demi-semiquavers. Moore.
ABBREVIATORY,Serving or tending to abbreviate; shortening; abridging.
ABDAL,A religious devotee or dervish in Persia.
ABDERIAN,Given to laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant merriment.
ABDERITE,An inhabitant of Abdera, in Thrace. The Abderite, Democritus,the Laughing
Philosopher.
ABDEST,Purification by washing the hands before prayer; -- aMohammedan rite. Heyse.
ABDICABLE,Capable of being abdicated.
ABDICANT,Abdicating; renouncing; -- followed by of.Monks abdicant of their orders.
Whitlock.
ABDICATE,To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child;to disown; to
disinherit.
ABDICATION,The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office,dignity, or
trust, by its holder; commonly the voluntary renunciationof sovereign power; as,
abdication of the throne, government, power,authority.
ABDICATIVE,Causing, or implying, abdication. [R.] Bailey.
ABDICATOR,One who abdicates.
ABDITIVE,Having the quality of hiding. [R.] Bailey.
ABDITORY,A place for hiding or preserving articles of value. Cowell.
ABDOMEN,The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and thepelvis. Also,
the cavity of the belly, which is lined by theperitoneum, and contains the stomach,
bowels, and other viscera. Inman, often restricted to the part between the
diaphragm and thecommencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the
pelviccavity.
ABDOMINAL,Having abdominal fins; belonging to the Abdominales; as,abdominal fishes.
Abdominal ring (Anat.), a fancied ringlike openingon each side of the abdomen,
external and superior to the pubes; --called also inguinal ring.
ABDOMINALES,A group including the greater part of fresh-water fishes, andmany
marine ones, having the ventral fins under the abdomen behindthe pectorals.
ABDOMINALIA,A group of cirripeds having abdominal appendages.
ABDOMINOSCOPY,Examination of the abdomen to detect abdominal disease.
ABDOMINOTHORACIC,Relating to the abdomen and the thorax, or chest.
ABDOMINOUS,Having a protuberant belly; pot-bellied.Gorgonius sits, abdominous and
wan, Like a fat squab upon a Chinesefan. Cowper.
ABDUCE,To draw or conduct away; to withdraw; to draw to a differentpart. [Obs.]If
we abduce the eye unto either corner, the object will notduplicate. Sir T. Browne.
ABDUCTION,The movement which separates a limb or other part from theaxis, or middle
line, of the body.
ABDUCTOR,A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or form the medianline of the
body; as, the abductor oculi, which draws the eyeoutward.
ABEAM,On the beam, that is, on a line which forms a right angle withthe ship's
keel; opposite to the center of the ship's side.
ABEARANCE,Behavior. [Obs.] Blackstone.
ABEARING,Behavior. [Obs.] Sir. T. More.
ABECEDARIAN,Pertaining to, or formed by, the letters of the alphabet;alphabetic;
hence, rudimentary. Abecedarian psalms, hymns, etc.,compositions in which (like the
119th psalm in Hebrew) distinctportions or verses commence with successive letters
of the alphabet.Hook.
ABECEDARY,A primer; the first principle or rudiment of anything. [R.]Fuller.
ABEGGE,Same as Aby. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ABELE,The white polar (Populus alba).Six abeles i' the churchyard grow. Mrs.
Browning.
ABELMOSK,An evergreen shrub (Hibiscus -- formerly Abelmoschus-moschatus), of the
East and West Indies and Northern Africa, whosemusky seeds are used in perfumery
and to flavor coffee; -- sometimescalled musk mallow.
ABER-DE-VINE,The European siskin (Carduelis spinus), a small green andyellow finch,
related to the goldfinch.
ABERR,To wander; to stray. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ABERRANT,See Aberr.]
ABERRATE,To go astray; to diverge. [R.]Their own defective and aberrating vision.
De Quincey.
ABERRATION,A small periodical change of position in the stars and otherheavenly
bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of lightand the motion of the
observer; called annual aberration, when theobserver's motion is that of the earth
in its orbit, and dairy ordiurnal aberration, when of the earth on its axis;
amounting whengreatest, in the former case, to 20.4'', and in the latter, to
0.3''.Planetary aberration is that due to the motion of light and themotion of the
planet relative to the earth.
ABERRATIONAL,Characterized by aberration.
ABERUNCATE,To weed out. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABERUNCATOR,A weeding machine.
ABET,To contribute, as an assistant or instigator, to the commissionof an offense.
ABETMENT,The act of abetting; as, an abetment of treason, crime, etc.
ABETTAL,Abetment. [R.]
ABEVACUATION,A partial evacuation. Mayne.
ABEYANCE,Expectancy; condition of being undetermined.
ABEYANCY,Abeyance. [R.] Hawthorne.
ABEYANT,Being in a state of abeyance.
ABGEORDNETENHAUS,See Legislature, Austria, Prussia.
ABHAL,The berries of a species of cypress in the East Indies.
ABHOMINABLE,Abominable.
ABHOMINAL,Inhuman. [Obs.] Fuller.
ABHOR,To protest against; to reject solemnly. [Obs.]I utterly abhor, yea, from my
soul Refuse you for my judge. Shak.
ABHORRENCE,Extreme hatred or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike.
ABHORRENCY,Abhorrence. [Obs.] Locke.
ABHORRENTLY,With abhorrence.
ABHORRER,One who abhors. Hume.
ABHORRIBLE,Detestable. [R.]
ABIB,The first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year,corresponding nearly to our
April. After the Babylonish captivitythis month was called Nisan. Kitto.
ABIDANCE,The state of abiding; abode; continuance; compliance (with).The Christians
had no longer abidance in the holy hill of Palestine.Fuller.A judicious abidance by
rules. Helps.
ABIDE,To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for.Dearly I abide
that boast so vain. Milton.
ABIDING,Continuing; lasting.
ABIDINGLY,Permanently. Carlyle.
ABIES,A genus of coniferous trees, properly called Fir, as the balsamfir and the
silver fir. The spruces are sometimes also referred tothis genus.
ABIETENE,A volatile oil distilled from the resin or balsam of the nutpine (Pinus
sabiniana) of California.
ABIETIC,Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its products; as, abieticacid, called
also sylvic acid. Watts.
ABIETINIC,Of or pertaining to abietin; as, abietinic acid.
ABIETITE,A substance resembling mannite, found in the needles of thecommon silver
fir of Europe (Abies pectinata). Eng. Cyc.
ABIGAIL,A lady's waiting-maid. Pepys.Her abigail reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had
a set of night curlsfor sleeping in. Leslie.
ABILIMENT,Habiliment. [Obs.]
ABILITY,The quality or state of being able; power to perform, whetherphysical,
moral, intellectual, conventional, or legal; capacity;skill or competence in doing;
sufficiency of strength, skill,resources, etc.; -- in the plural, faculty,
talent.Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined tosend
relief unto the brethren. Acts xi. 29.Natural abilities are like natural plants,
that need pruning bystudy. Bacon.The public men of England, with much of a peculiar
kind of ability.Macaulay.
ABIOGENESIS,The supposed origination of living organisms from lifelessmatter; such
genesis as does not involve the action of livingparents; spontaneous generation; --
called also abiogeny, and opposedto biogenesis.I shall call the . . . doctrine that
living matter may be produced bynot living matter, the hypothesis of abiogenesis.
Huxley, 1870.
ABIOGENETIC,Of or pertaining to abiogenesis. Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
ABIOGENIST,One who believes that life can be produced independently ofantecedent.
Huxley.
ABIOGENOUS,Produced by spontaneous generation.
ABIOGENY,Same as Abiogenesis.
ABIOLOGICAL,Pertaining to the study of inanimate things.
ABIRRITANT,A medicine that diminishes irritation.
ABIRRITATE,To diminish the sensibility of; to debilitate.
ABIRRITATION,A pathological condition opposite to that of irritation;debility; want
of strength; asthenia.
ABIRRITATIVE,Characterized by abirritation or debility.
ABIT,3d sing. pres. of Abide. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ABJECT,To cast off or down; hence, to abase; to degrade; to lower; todebase. [Obs.]
Donne.
ABJECTEDNESS,A very abject or low condition; abjectness. [R.] Boyle.
ABJECTLY,Meanly; servilely.
ABJECTNESS,The state of being abject; abasement; meanness; servility.Grew.
ABJUDGE,To take away by judicial decision. [R.]
ABJUDICATE,To reject by judicial sentence; also, to abjudge. [Obs.] Ash.
ABJUDICATION,Rejection by judicial sentence. [R.] Knowles.
ABJUGATE,To unyoke. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABJUNCTIVE,Exceptional. [R.]It is this power which leads on from the accidental and
abjunctive tothe universal. I. Taylor.
ABJURATORY,Containing abjuration.
ABJURE,To renounce on oath. Bp. Burnet.
ABJUREMENT,Renunciation. [R.]
ABJURER,One who abjures.
ABLACTATE,To wean. [R.] Bailey.
ABLACTATION,The process of grafting now called inarching, or grafting byapproach.
ABLAQUEATE,To lay bare, as the roots of a tree. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABLAQUEATION,The act or process of laying bare the roots of trees to exposethem to
the air and water. [Obs.] Evelyn.
ABLASTEMIC,Non-germinal.
ABLATION,Extirpation. Dunglison.
ABLATITIOUS,Diminishing; as, an ablatitious force. Sir J. Herschel.
ABLATIVE,Applied to one of the cases of the noun in Latin and some otherlanguages,
-- the fundamental meaning of the case being removal,separation, or taking away.
ABLAUT,The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicatinga
corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation;as, get, gat, got;
sing, song; hang, hung. Earle.
ABLE,Legally qualified; possessed of legal competence; as, able toinherit or devise
property.
ABLE-BODIED,Having a sound, strong body; physically competent; robust."Able-bodied
vagrant." Froude.-- A`ble-bod"ied*ness, n..
ABLE-MINDED,Having much intellectual power.-- A`ble-mind"ed*ness, n.
ABLEGATE,To send abroad. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABLEGATION,The act of sending abroad. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
ABLENESS,Ability of body or mind; force; vigor. [Obs. or R.]
ABLEPSY,Blindness. [R.] Urquhart.
ABLER,comp. of Able.-- A"blest, a.,
ABLIGATE,To tie up so as to hinder from. [Obs.]
ABLIGURITION,Prodigal expense for food. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABLINS,Perhaps. [Scot.]
ABLOOM,In or into bloom; in a blooming state. Masson.
ABLUDE,To be unlike; to differ. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ABLUENT,Washing away; carrying off impurities; detergent.-- n. (Med.)
ABLUSH,Blushing; ruddy.
ABLUTION,A small quantity of wine and water, which is used to wash thepriest's
thumb and index finger after the communion, and which then,as perhaps containing
portions of the consecrated elements, is drunkby the priest.
ABLUTIONARY,Pertaining to ablution.
ABLUVION,That which is washed off. [R.] Dwight.
ABLY,In an able manner; with great ability; as, ably done, planned,said.
ABNEGATE,To deny and reject; to abjure. Sir E. Sandys. Farrar.
ABNEGATION,a denial; a renunciation.With abnegation of God, of his honor, and of
religion, they mayretain the friendship of the court. Knox.
ABNEGATIVE,Denying; renouncing; negative. [R.] Clarke.
ABNEGATOR,One who abnegates, denies, or rejects anything. [R.]
ABNET,The girdle of a Jewish priest or officer.
ABNODATE,To clear (tress) from knots. [R.] Blount.
ABNODATION,The act of cutting away the knots of trees. [R.] Crabb.
ABNORMAL,Not conformed to rule or system; deviating from the type;anomalous;
irregular. "That deviating from the type; anomalous;irregular. " Froude.
ABNORMALLY,In an abnormal manner; irregularly. Darwin.
ABNORMITY,Departure from the ordinary type; irregularity; monstrosity."An abnormity
. . . like a calf born with two heads." Mrs. Whitney.
ABNORMOUS,Abnormal; irregular. Hallam.A character of a more abnormous cast than his
equally suspectedcoadjutor. State Trials.
ABOARD,On board; into or within a ship or boat; hence, into or withina railway car.
ABODANCE,An omen; a portending. [Obs.]
ABODE,of Abide.
ABODEMENT,A foreboding; an omen. [Obs.] "Abodements must not now affrightus." Shak.
ABODING,A foreboding. [Obs.]
ABOLISHABLE,Capable of being abolished.
ABOLISHER,One who abolishes.
ABOLISHMENT,The act of abolishing; abolition; destruction. Hooker.
ABOLITION,The act of abolishing, or the state of being abolished; anannulling;
abrogation; utter destruction; as, the abolition ofslavery or the slave trade; the
abolition of laws, decrees,ordinances, customs, taxes, debts, etc.
ABOLITIONISM,The principles or measures of abolitionists. Wilberforce.
ABOLITIONIST,A person who favors the abolition of any institution,especially negro
slavery.
ABOLITIONIZE,To imbue with the principles of abolitionism. [R.] Bartlett.
ABOMA,A large South American serpent (Boa aboma).
ABOMINABLENESS,The quality or state of being abominable; odiousness. Bentley.
ABOMINABLY,In an abominable manner; very odiously; detestably.
ABOMINATE,To turn from as ill-omened; to hate in the highest degree, asif with
religious dread; loathe; as, to abominate all impiety.
ABOON,and adv. Above. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]Aboon the pass of Bally-Brough. Sir W.
Scott.The ceiling fair that rose aboon. J. R. Drake.
ABORAL,Situated opposite to, or away from, the mouth.
ABORD,Manner of approaching or accosting; address. Chesterfield.
ABORIGINALITY,The quality of being aboriginal. Westm. Rev.
ABORIGINALLY,Primarily.
ABORSEMENT,Abortment; abortion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ABORSIVE,Abortive. [Obs.] Fuller.
ABORT,To become checked in normal development, so as either to remainrudimentary or
shrink away wholly; to become sterile.
ABORTED,Rendered abortive or sterile; undeveloped; checked in normaldevelopment at
a very early stage; as, spines are aborted branches.The eyes of the cirripeds are
more or less aborted in their maturestate. Owen.
ABORTICIDE,The act of destroying a fetus in the womb; feticide.
ABORTIFACIENT,Producing miscarriage.-- n.
ABORTION,Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains animperfect
formation or is absorbed.
ABORTIONAL,Pertaining to abortion; miscarrying; abortive. Carlyle.
ABORTIONIST,One who procures abortion or miscarriage.
ABORTIVE,Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile; as, anabortive
organ, stamen, ovule, etc.
ABORTIVELY,In an abortive or untimely manner; immaturely; fruitlessly.
ABORTIVENESS,The quality of being abortive.
ABORTMENT,Abortion. [Obs.]
ABOUGHT,of Aby. [Obs.]
ABOUT,On the point or verge of; going; in act of.Paul was now aboutto open his
mouth. Acts xviii. 14.
ABOUT-SLEDGE,The largest hammer used by smiths. Weale.
ABOVE-CITED,Cited before, in the preceding part of a book or writing.
ABOVEBOARD,Above the board or table. Hence: in open sight; without
trick,concealment, or deception. "Fair and aboveboard." Burke.
ABOVEDECK,On deck; and hence, like aboveboard, without artifice. Smart.
ABOVESAID,Mentioned or recited before.
ABOX,Braced aback.
ABRA,A narrow pass or defile; a break in a mesa; the mouth of acañon. [Southwestern
U. S.]
ABRACADABRA,A mystical word or collocation of letters written as in thefigure. Worn
on an amulet it was supposed to ward off fever. Atpresent the word is used chiefly
in jest to denote something withoutmeaning; jargon.
ABRADANT,A material used for grinding, as emery, sand, powdered glass,etc.
ABRADE,To rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction; as, toabrade rocks.
Lyell.
ABRAHAMIC,Pertaining to Abraham, the patriarch; as, the Abrachamiccovenant.
ABRAID,To awake; to arouse; to stir or start up; also, to shout out.[Obs.] Chaucer.
ABRANCHIAL,Abranchiate.
ABRANCHIATA,A group of annelids, so called because the species composing ithave no
special organs of respiration.
ABRANCHIATE,Without gills.
ABRASE,Rubbed smooth. [Obs.] "An abrase table." B. Jonson.
ABRASION,A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance under theform of small
shreds. Dunglison.
ABRASIVE,Producing abrasion. Ure.
ABRAXAS,A mystical word used as a charm and engraved on gems among theancients;
also, a gem stone thus engraved.
ABRAY,See Abraid. [Obs.] Spenser.
ABREACTION,See Catharsis, below.
ABREAST,Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a line with thevessel's
beam; -- with of.
ABREGGE,See Abridge. [Obs.]
ABRENOUNCE,To renounce. [Obs.] "They abrenounce and cast them off."Latimer.
ABRENUNCIATION,Absolute renunciation or repudiation. [Obs.]An abrenunciation of
that truth which he so long had professed, andstill believed. Fuller.
ABREPTION,A snatching away. [Obs.]
ABREUVOIR,The joint or interstice between stones, to be filled withmortar. Gwilt.
ABRICOCK,See Apricot. [Obs.]
ABRIDGER,One who abridges.
ABROACH,To set abroach; to let out, as liquor; to broach; to tap.[Obs.] Chaucer.
ABROGABLE,Capable of being abrogated.
ABROGATE,Abrogated; abolished. [Obs.] Latimer.
ABROGATION,The act of abrogating; repeal by authority. Hume.
ABROGATIVE,Tending or designed to abrogate; as, an abrogative law.
ABROGATOR,One who repeals by authority.
ABROOD,In the act of brooding. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.
ABROOK,To brook; to endure. [Obs.] Shak.
ABRUPT,Suddenly terminating, as if cut off. Gray.
ABRUPTION,A sudden breaking off; a violent separation of bodies.Woodward.
ABSCESS,A collection of pus or purulent matter in any tissue or organof the body,
the result of a morbid process. Cold abscess, an abscessof slow formation,
unattended with the pain and heat characteristicof ordinary abscesses, and lasting
for years without exhibiting anytendency towards healing; a chronic abscess.
ABSCESSION,A separating; removal; also, an abscess. [Obs.] Gauden.Barrough.
ABSCIND,To cut off. [R.] "Two syllables . . . abscinded from the rest."Johnson.
ABSCISION,See Abscission.
ABSCISS,See Abscissa.
ABSCISSA,One of the elements of reference by which a point, as of acurve, is
referred to a system of fixed rectilineal coördinate axes.
ABSCISSION,A figure of speech employed when a speaker having begun to saya thing
stops abruptly: thus, "He is a man of so much honor andcandor, and of such
generosity -- but I need say no more."
ABSCOND,To hide; to conceal. [Obs.] Bentley.
ABSCONDENCE,Fugitive concealment; secret retirement; hiding. [R.] Phillips.
ABSCONDER,One who absconds.
ABSENT-MINDED,Absent in mind; abstracted; preoccupied.-- Ab`sent-mind"ed*ness, n.--
Ab`sent-mind"ed*ly, adv.
ABSENTANEOUS,Pertaining to absence. [Obs.]
ABSENTATION,The act of absenting one's self. Sir W. Hamilton.
ABSENTEE,One who absents himself from his country, office, post, orduty;
especially, a landholder who lives in another country ordistrict than that where
his estate is situated; as, an Irishabsentee. Macaulay.
ABSENTEEISM,The state or practice of an absentee; esp. the practice ofabsenting
one's self from the country or district where one's estateis situated.
ABSENTER,One who absents one's self.
ABSENTLY,In an absent or abstracted manner.
ABSENTMENT,The state of being absent; withdrawal. [R.] Barrow.
ABSENTNESS,The quality of being absent-minded. H. Miller.
ABSEY-BOOK,An A-B-C book; a primer. [Obs.] Shak.
ABSINTHATE,A combination of absinthic acid with a base or positiveradical.
ABSINTHIAL,Of or pertaining to wormwood; absinthian.
ABSINTHIAN,Of the nature of wormwood. "Absinthian bitterness." T.Randolph.
ABSINTHIATE,To impregnate with wormwood.
ABSINTHIATED,Impregnated with wormwood; as, absinthiated wine.
ABSINTHIC,Relating to the common wormwood or to an acid obtained from it.
ABSINTHIN,The bitter principle of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium). Watts.
ABSINTHISM,The condition of being poisoned by the excessive use ofabsinth.
ABSINTHIUM,The common wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), an intensely bitterplant,
used as a tonic and for making the oil of wormwood.
ABSIS,See Apsis.
ABSIST,To stand apart from; top leave off; to desist. [Obs.] Raleigh.
ABSISTENCE,A standing aloof. [Obs.]
ABSOLUTE,Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol.
ABSOLUTELY,In an absolute, independent, or unconditional manner; wholly;positively.
ABSOLUTENESS,The quality of being absolute; independence of everythingextraneous;
unlimitedness; absolute power; independent reality;positiveness.
ABSOLUTION,An acquittal, or sentence of a judge declaring and accusedperson
innocent. [Obs.]
ABSOLUTISM,Doctrine of absolute decrees. Ash.
ABSOLUTIST,One who believes that it is possible to realize a cognition orconcept of
the absolute. Sir. W. Hamilton.
ABSOLUTISTIC,Pertaining to absolutism; absolutist.
ABSOLUTORY,Serving to absolve; absolving. "An absolutory sentence."Ayliffe.
ABSOLVABLE,That may be absolved.
ABSOLVATORY,Conferring absolution; absolutory.
ABSOLVENT,Absolving. [R.] Carlyle.
ABSOLVER,One who absolves. Macaulay.
ABSONANT,Discordant; contrary; -- opposed to consonant. "Absonant tonature."
Quarles.
ABSONOUS,Discordant; inharmonious; incongruous. [Obs.] "Absonous to ourreason."
Glanvill.
ABSORBABILITY,The state or quality of being absorbable. Graham (Chemistry).
ABSORBABLE,Capable of being absorbed or swallowed up. Kerr.
ABSORBEDLY,In a manner as if wholly engrossed or engaged.
ABSORBENCY,Absorptiveness.
ABSORBENT,Absorbing; swallowing; absorptive. Absorbent ground (Paint.), aground
prepared for a picture, chiefly with distemper, or watercolors, by which the oil is
absorbed, and a brilliancy is imparted tothe colors.
ABSORBER,One who, or that which, absorbs.
ABSORBING,Swallowing, engrossing; as, an absorbing pursuit.-- Ab*sorb"ing, adv.
ABSORBITION,Absorption. [Obs.]
ABSORPT,Absorbed. [Arcahic.] "Absorpt in care." Pope.
ABSORPTION,An imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action; as,the
absorption of light, heat, electricity, etc.
ABSORPTIVE,Having power, capacity, or tendency to absorb or imbibe. E.Darwin.
ABSORPTIVENESS,The quality of being absorptive; absorptive power.
ABSORPTIVITY,Absorptiveness.
ABSQUATULATE,To take one's self off; to decamp. [A jocular word. U. S.]
ABSQUE HOC,. Etym: [L., without this.] (Law) The technical words of denialused in
traversing what has been alleged, and is repeated.
ABSTAIN,To hold one's self aloof; to forbear or refrain voluntarily,and especially
from an indulgence of the passions or appetites; --with from.Not a few abstained
from voting. Macaulay.Who abstains from meat that is not gaunt Shak.
ABSTAINER,One who abstains; esp., one who abstains from the use ofintoxicating
liquors.
ABSTEMIOUSNESS,The quality of being abstemious, temperate, or sparing in theuse of
food and strong drinks. It expresses a greater degree ofabstinence than temperance.
ABSTENTION,The act of abstaining; a holding aloof. Jer. Taylor.
ABSTENTIOUS,Characterized by abstinence; self-restraining. Farrar.
ABSTERGE,To make clean by wiping; to wipe away; to cleanse; hence, topurge. [R.]
Quincy.
ABSTERGENT,Serving to cleanse, detergent.
ABSTERSE,To absterge; to cleanse; to purge away. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ABSTERSION,Act of wiping clean; a cleansing; a purging.The task of ablution and
abstersion being performed. Sir W. Scott.
ABSTERSIVE,Cleansing; purging. Bacon.
ABSTERSIVENESS,The quality of being abstersive. Fuller.
ABSTINENCY,Abstinence. [R.]
ABSTINENT,Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence ofappetite;
abstemious; continent; temperate. Beau. & Fl.
ABSTINENTLY,With abstinence.
ABSTORTED,Wrested away. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABSTRACT,To separate, as the more volatile or soluble parts of asubstance, by
distillation or other chemical processes. In this senseextract is now more
generally used.
ABSTRACTEDLY,In an abstracted manner; separately; with absence of mind.
ABSTRACTEDNESS,The state of being abstracted; abstract character.
ABSTRACTER,One who abstracts, or makes an abstract.
ABSTRACTION,The act process of leaving out of consideration one or moreproperties
of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis.Thus, when the mind
considers the form of a tree by itself, or thecolor of the leaves as separate from
their size or figure, the act iscalled abstraction. So, also, when it considers
whiteness, softness,virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.
ABSTRACTIONAL,Pertaining to abstraction.
ABSTRACTIONIST,An idealist. Emerson.
ABSTRACTITIOUS,Obtained from plants by distillation. [Obs.] Crabb.
ABSTRACTIVE,Having the power of abstracting; of an abstracting nature.
"Theabstractive faculty." I. Taylor.
ABSTRACTIVELY,In a abstract manner; separately; in or by itself. Feltham.
ABSTRACTIVENESS,The quality of being abstractive; abstractive property.
ABSTRACTLY,In an abstract state or manner; separately; absolutely; byitself; as,
matter abstractly considered.
ABSTRACTNESS,The quality of being abstract. "The abstractness of the ideas."Locke.
ABSTRINGE,To unbind. [Obs.] Bailey.
ABSTRUDE,To thrust away. [Obs.] Johnson.
ABSTRUSELY,In an abstruse manner.
ABSTRUSENESS,The quality of being abstruse; difficulty of apprehension.Boyle.
ABSTRUSION,The act of thrusting away. [R.] Ogilvie.
ABSTRUSITY,Abstruseness; that which is abstruse. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
ABSUME,To consume gradually; to waste away. [Obs.] Boyle.
ABSUMPTION,Act of wasting away; a consuming; extinction. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
ABSURD,Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and fiatly opposedto manifest
truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of commonsense; logically
contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; as, anabsurd person, an absurd opinion; an
absurd dream.This proffer is absurd and reasonless. Shak.'This phrase absurd to
call a villain great. Pope.p. 9
ABSURDLY,In an absurd manner.
ABSURDNESS,Absurdity. [R.]
ABUNA,The Patriarch, or head of the Abyssinian Church.
ABUNDANCE,An overflowing fullness; ample sufficiency; great plenty;profusion;
copious supply; superfluity; wealth: -- strictlyapplicable to quantity only, but
sometimes used of number.It is lamentable to remember what abundance of noble blood
hath beenshed with small benefit to the Christian state. Raleigh.
ABUNDANT,Fully sufficient; plentiful; in copious supply; -- followed byin, rarely
by with. "Abundant in goodness and truth." Exod. xxxiv. 6.Abundant number (Math.),
a number, the sum of whose aliquot partsexceeds the number itself. Thus, 1, 2, 3,
4, 6, the aliquot parts of12, make the number 16. This is opposed to a deficient
number, as 14,whose aliquot parts are 1, 2, 7, the sum of which is 10; and to
aperfect number, which is equal to the sum of its aliquot parts, as 6,whose aliquot
parts are 1, 2., 3.
ABUNDANTLY,In a sufficient degree; fully; amply; plentifully; in largemeasure.
ABURST,In a bursting condition.
ABUSABLE,That may be abused.
ABUSAGE,Abuse. [Obs.] Whately (1634).
ABUSEFUL,Full of abuse; abusive. [R.] "Abuseful names." Bp. Barlow.
ABUSER,One who abuses [in the various senses of the verb].
ABUSION,Evil or corrupt usage; abuse; wrong; reproach; deception;cheat. Chaucer.
ABUSIVELY,In an abusive manner; rudely; with abusive language.
ABUSIVENESS,The quality of being abusive; rudeness of language, or violenceto the
person.Pick out mirth, like stones out of thy ground, Profaneness,filthiness,
abusiveness. Herbert.
ABUT,To project; to terminate or border; to be contiguous; to meet;-- with on,
upon, or against; as, his land abuts on the road.
ABUTILON,A genus of malvaceous plants of many species, found in thetorrid and
temperate zones of both continents; -- called also Indianmallow.
ABUTTAL,The butting or boundary of land, particularly at the end; aheadland.
Spelman.
ABUTTER,One who, or that which, abuts. Specifically, the owner of acontiguous
estate; as, the abutters on a street or a river.
ABUZZ,In a buzz; buzzing. [Colloq.] Dickens.
ABYSM,An abyss; a gulf. "The abysm of hell." Shak.
ABYSMAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, an abyss; bottomless;
unending;profound.Geology gives one the same abysmal extent of time that astronomy
doesof space. Carlyle.
ABYSMALLY,To a fathomless depth; profoundly. "Abysmally ignorant." G.Eliot.
ABYSS,The center of an escutcheon.
ABYSSAL,Belonging to, or resembling, an abyss; unfathomable. Abyssalzone (Phys.
Geog.), one of the belts or zones into which Sir E.Forbes divides the bottom of the
sea in describing its plants,animals, etc. It is the one furthest from the shore,
embracing allbeyond one hundred fathoms deep. Hence, abyssal animals, plants, etc.
ABYSSINIAN,Of or pertaining to Abyssinia. Abyssinian gold, an alloy of90.74 parts
of copper and 8.33 parts of zink. Ure.
ACACIA,A roll or bag, filled with dust, borne by Byzantine emperors,as a memento of
mortality. It is represented on medals.
ACADEME,An academy. [Poetic] Shak.
ACADEMIAL,Academic. [R.]
ACADEMIAN,A member of an academy, university, or college.
ACADEMICALLY,In an academical manner.
ACADEMICALS,The articles of dress prescribed and worn at some colleges
anduniversities.
ACADEMISM,The doctrines of the Academic philosophy. [Obs.] Baxter.
ACADIAN,Of or pertaining to Acadie, or Nova Scotia. "Acadian farmers."Longfellow.--
n.
ACAJOU,One of the Acalephæ.
ACALEPHAE,A group of Coelenterata, including the Medusæ or jellyfishes,and
hydroids; -- so called from the stinging power they possess.Sometimes called sea
nettles.
ACALEPHOID,Belonging to or resembling the Acalephæ or jellyfishes.
ACANTH,Same as Acanthus.
ACANTHA,A prickle.
ACANTHACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of whichthe
acanthus is the type.
ACANTHINE,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the plant acanthus.
ACANTHOCARPOUS,Having the fruit covered with spines.
ACANTHOCEPHALA,A group of intestinal worms, having the proboscis armed withrecurved
spines.
ACANTHOCEPHALOUS,Having a spiny head, as one of the Acanthocephala.
ACANTHOPHOROUS,Spine-bearing. Gray.
ACANTHOPODIOUS,Having spinous petioles.
ACANTHOPTERI,A group of teleostean fishes having spiny fins. SeeAcanthopterygii.
ACANTHOPTEROUS,Spiny-winged.
ACANTHOPTERYGIAN,Belonging to the order of fishes having spinose fins, as
theperch.-- n.
ACANTHOPTERYGII,An order of fishes having some of the rays of the dorsal,ventral,
and anal fins unarticulated and spinelike, as the perch.
ACANTHOPTERYGIOUS,Having fins in which the rays are hard and spinelike; spiny-
finned.
ACANTHUS,A genus of herbaceous prickly plants, found in the south ofEurope, Asia
Minor, and India; bear's-breech.
ACAPSULAR,Having no capsule.
ACARDIAC,Without a heart; as, an acardiac fetus.
ACARIDAN,One of a group of arachnids, including the mites and ticks.
ACARINA,The group of Arachnida which includes the mites and ticks. Manyspecies are
parasitic, and cause diseases like the itch and mange.
ACARINE,Of or caused by acari or mites; as, acarine diseases.
ACAROID,Shaped like or resembling a mite.
ACARPELLOUS,Having no carpels.
ACARPOUS,Not producing fruit; unfruitful.
ACARUS,A genus including many species of small mites.
ACATALECTIC,Not defective; complete; as, an acatalectic verse.-- n.
ACATALEPSY,Incomprehensibility of things; the doctrine held by the ancientSkeptic
philosophers, that human knowledge never amounts tocertainty, but only to
probability.
ACATALEPTIC,Incapable of being comprehended; incomprehensible.
ACATER,See Caterer. [Obs.]
ACATES,See Cates. [Obs.]
ACAUDATE,Tailless.
ACAULESCENT,Having no stem or caulis, or only a very short one concealed inthe
ground. Gray.
ACAULINE,Same as Acaulescent.
ACCADIAN,Pertaining to a race supposed to have lived in Babylonia beforethe
Assyrian conquest.-- Ac*ca"di*an, n., Ac"cad, n. Sayce.
ACCEDENCE,The act of acceding.
ACCEDER,One who accedes.
ACCELERANDO,Gradually accelerating the movement.
ACCELERATION,The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated;increase of
motion or action; as, a falling body moves toward theearth with an acceleration of
velocity; -- opposed to retardation.A period of social improvement, or of
intellectual advancement,contains within itself a principle of acceleration. I.
Taylor.(Astr. & Physics.) Acceleration of the moon, the increase of themoon's mean
motion in its orbit, in consequence of which its periodof revolution is now shorter
than in ancient times.-- Acceleration and retardation of the tides. See Priming of
thetides, under Priming.-- Diurnal acceleration of the fixed stars, the amount by
whichtheir apparent diurnal motion exceeds that of the sun, in consequenceof which
they daily come to the meridian of any place about threeminutes fifty-six seconds
of solar time earlier than on the daypreceding.-- Acceleration of the planets, the
increasing velocity of theirmotion, in proceeding from the apogee to the perigee of
their orbits.
ACCELERATIVE,Relating to acceleration; adding to velocity; quickening. Reid.
ACCELERATOR,One who, or that which, accelerates. Also as an adj.; as,accelerator
nerves.
ACCELERATORY,Accelerative.
ACCELEROGRAPH,An apparatus for studying the combustion of powder in guns,etc.
ACCELEROMETER,An apparatus for measuring the velocity imparted by gunpowder.
ACCEND,To set on fire; to kindle. [Obs.] Fotherby.
ACCENDIBILITY,Capacity of being kindled, or of becoming inflamed;inflammability.
ACCENDIBLE,Capable of being inflamed or kindled; combustible; inflammable.Ure.
ACCENSION,The act of kindling or the state of being kindled; ignition.Locke.
ACCENSOR,One of the functionaries who light and trim the tapers.
ACCENT,Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse.
ACCENTLESS,Without accent.
ACCENTOR,One who sings the leading part; the director or leader. [Obs.]
ACCENTUABLE,Capable of being accented.
ACCENTUAL,Of or pertaining to accent; characterized or formed by accent.
ACCENTUALITY,The quality of being accentual.
ACCENTUALLY,In an accentual manner; in accordance with accent.
ACCENTUATION,Act of accentuating; applications of accent. Specifically(Eccles.
Mus.),
ACCEPT,To receive as obligatory and promise to pay; as, to accept abill of
exchange. Bouvier.
ACCEPTABILITY,The quality of being acceptable; acceptableness. "Acceptabilityof
repentance." Jer. Taylor.
ACCEPTABLE,Capable, worthy, or sure of being accepted or received withpleasure;
pleasing to a receiver; gratifying; agreeable; welcome; as,an acceptable present,
one acceptable to us.
ACCEPTABLENESS,The quality of being acceptable, or suitable to be
favorablyreceived; acceptability.
ACCEPTABLY,In an acceptable manner; in a manner to please or givesatisfaction.
ACCEPTANCE,An agreeing to the action of another, by some act which bindsthe person
in law.
ACCEPTANCY,Acceptance. [R.]Here's a proof of gift, But here's no proof, sir, of
acceptancy. Mrs.Browning.
ACCEPTANT,Accepting; receiving.
ACCEPTEDLY,In a accepted manner; admittedly.
ACCEPTER,An acceptor.
ACCEPTILATION,Gratuitous discharge; a release from debt or obligation
withoutpayment; free remission.
ACCEPTION,Acceptation; the received meaning. [Obs.]Here the word "baron" is not to
be taken in that restrictive sense towhich the modern acception hath confined it.
Fuller.Acception of persons or faces (Eccl.), favoritism; partiality. [Obs.]Wyclif.
ACCEPTOR,One who accepts; specifically (Law & Com.),
ACCESSARILY,In the manner of an accessary.
ACCESSARINESS,The state of being accessary.
ACCESSARY,Accompanying, as a subordinate; additional; accessory; esp.,uniting in,
or contributing to, a crime, but not as chief actor. SeeAccessory.To both their
deaths thou shalt be accessary. Shak.Amongst many secondary and accessary causes
that support monarchy,these are not of least reckoning. Milton.
ACCESSIBILITY,The quality of being accessible, or of admitting
approach;receptibility. Langhorne.
ACCESSIBLY,In an accessible manner.
ACCESSION,The invasion, approach, or commencement of a disease; a fit orparoxysm.
ACCESSIONAL,Pertaining to accession; additional. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
ACCESSIVE,Additional.
ACCESSORIAL,Of or pertaining to an accessory; as, accessorial agency,accessorial
guilt.
ACCESSORILY,In the manner of an accessory; auxiliary.
ACCESSORINESS,The state of being accessory, or connected subordinately.
ACCESSORY,Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way;additional;
connected as an incident or subordinate to a principal;contributing or
contributory; said of persons and things, and, whenof persons, usually in a bad
sense; as, he was accessory to the riot;accessory sounds in music.
ACCIACCATURA,A short grace note, one semitone below the note to which it
isprefixed; -- used especially in organ music. Now used as equivalentto the short
appoggiatura.
ACCIDENT,A property attached to a word, but not essential to it, asgender, number,
case.
ACCIDENTAL,Those fortuitous effects produced by luminous rays falling oncertain
objects so that some parts stand forth in abnormal brightnessand other parts are
cast into a deep shadow.
ACCIDENTALISM,Accidental character or effect. Ruskin.
ACCIDENTALITY,The quality of being accidental; accidentalness. [R.]Coleridge.
ACCIDENTALLY,In an accidental manner; unexpectedly; by chance;unintentionally;
casually; fortuitously; not essentially.
ACCIDENTALNESS,The quality of being accidental; casualness.
ACCIDIE,Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] "The sin of accidie." Chaucer.
ACCIPENSER,See Acipenser.
ACCIPIENT,A receiver. [R.] Bailey
ACCIPITER,A genus of rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or Raptores.
ACCIPITRAL,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a falcon or hawk; hawklike.Lowell.
ACCIPITRES,The order that includes rapacious birds. They have a hookedbill, and
sharp, strongly curved talons. There are three families,represented by the
vultures, the falcons or hawks, and the owls.
ACCIPITRINE,Like or belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.
ACCISMUS,Affected refusal; coyness.
ACCITE,To cite; to summon. [Obs.]Our heralds now accited all that were Endamaged by
the Elians.Chapman.
ACCLAIM,To shout applause.
ACCLAIMER,One who acclaims.
ACCLAMATION,A representation, in sculpture or on medals, of peopleexpressing joy.
Acclamation medals are those on which laudatoryacclamations are recorded. Elmes.
ACCLAMATORY,Pertaining to, or expressing approval by, acclamation.
ACCLIMATABLE,Capable of being acclimated.
ACCLIMATATION,Acclimatization.
ACCLIMATE,To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize. J. H.Newman.
ACCLIMATEMENT,Acclimation. [R.]
ACCLIMATION,The process of becoming, or the state of being, acclimated,
orhabituated to a new climate; acclimatization.
ACCLIMATIZABLE,Capable of being acclimatized.
ACCLIMATIZATION,The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a newclimate,
or the state of being so inured. Darwin.
ACCLIMATIZE,To inure or habituate to a climate different from that which isnatural;
to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strangeclimate; said of man, the
inferior animals, or plants.
ACCLIMATURE,The act of acclimating, or the state of being acclimated. [R.]Caldwell.
ACCLIVE,Acclivous. [Obs.]
ACCLIVITOUS,Acclivous. I. Taylor.
ACCLIVITY,A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill,considered as
ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending;an upward slope; ascent.
ACCLIVOUS,Sloping upward; rising as a hillside; -- opposed to declivous.
ACCLOY,To fill to satiety; to stuff full; to clog; to overload; toburden. See Cloy.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
ACCOAST,To lie or sail along the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.]Whether high
towering or accosting low. Spenser.
ACCOIL,To coil together. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
ACCOLADE,A brace used to join two or more staves.
ACCOMBINATION,A combining together. [R.]
ACCOMMODABLE,That may be accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.] I.Watts.
ACCOMMODABLENESS,The quality or condition of being accommodable. [R.] Todd.
ACCOMMODATE,To adapt one's self; to be conformable or adapted. [R.] Boyle.
ACCOMMODATELY,Suitably; fitly. [R.]
ACCOMMODATENESS,Fitness. [R.]
ACCOMMODATING,Affording, or disposed to afford, accommodation; obliging; asan
accommodating man, spirit, arrangement.
ACCOMMODATOR,He who, or that which, accommodates. Warburton.
ACCOMPANABLE,Sociable. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
ACCOMPANIER,He who, or that which, accompanies. Lamb.
ACCOMPANIMENT,That which accompanies; something that attends as acircumstance, or
which is added to give greater completeness to theprincipal thing, or by way of
ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.Specifically: (Mus.)
ACCOMPANIST,The performer in music who takes the accompanying part. Busby.
ACCOMPANY,To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition.
ACCOMPLETIVE,Tending to accomplish. [R.]
ACCOMPLICE,An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in anoffense,
whether a principal or an accessory. "And thou, the cursedaccomplice of his
treason." Johnson.
ACCOMPLICESHIP,The state of being an accomplice. [R.] Sir H. Taylor.
ACCOMPLICITY,The act or state of being an accomplice. [R.]
ACCOMPLISHABLE,Capable of being accomplished; practicable. Carlyle.
ACCOMPLISHER,One who accomplishes.
ACCOMPT,See Account.
ACCOMPTABLE,See Accountable.
ACCOMPTANT,See Accountant.
ACCORD,An agreement between parties in controversy, by whichsatisfaction for an
injury is stipulated, and which, when executed,bars a suit. Blackstone. With one
accord, with unanimity.They rushed with one accord into the theater. Acts xix. 29.
ACCORDANCE,Agreement; harmony; conformity. "In strict accordance with thelaw."
Macaulay.
ACCORDANCY,Accordance. [R.] Paley.
ACCORDANT,Agreeing; consonant; harmonious; corresponding; conformable; --followed
by with or to.Strictly accordant with true morality. Darwin.And now his voice
accordant to the string. Coldsmith.
ACCORDANTLY,In accordance or agreement; agreeably; conformably; -- followedby with
or to.
ACCORDER,One who accords, assents, or concedes. [R.]
ACCORDING,Agreeing; in agreement or harmony; harmonious. "This accordingvoice of
national wisdom." Burke. "Mind and soul according well."Tennyson.According to him,
every person was to be bought. Macaulay.Our zeal should be according to knowledge.
Sprat.
ACCORDION,A small, portable, keyed wind instrument, whose tones aregenerated by
play of the wind upon free metallic reeds.
ACCORDIONIST,A player on the accordion.
ACCORDMENT,Agreement; reconcilement. [Obs.] Gower.
ACCORPORATE,To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.] Milton.
ACCOST,To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] "The shores which to thesea accost."
Spenser.
ACCOSTABLE,Approachable; affable. [R.] Hawthorne.
ACCOSTED,Supported on both sides by other charges; also, side by side.
ACCOUCHEMENT,Delivery in childbed
ACCOUCHEUR,A man who assists women in childbirth; a man midwife; anobstetrician.
ACCOUCHEUSE,A midwife. [Recent] Dunglison.
ACCOUNT BOOK,A book in which accounts are kept. Swift.
ACCOUNTABILITY,The state of being accountable; liability to be called on torender
an account; accountableness. "The awful idea ofaccountability." R. Hall.
ACCOUNTABLENESS,The quality or state of being accountable; accountability.
ACCOUNTABLY,In an accountable manner.
ACCOUNTANCY,The art or employment of an accountant.
ACCOUNTANT,Accountable. [Obs.] Shak.
ACCOUNTANTSHIP,The office or employment of an accountant.
ACCOUPLE,To join; to couple. [R.]The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the
Frenchmen. Hall.
ACCOURAGE,To encourage. [Obs.]
ACCOURT,To treat courteously; to court. [Obs.] Spenser.
ACCREDITATION,The act of accrediting; as, letters of accreditation.
ACCREMENTITIAL,Pertaining to accremention.
ACCREMENTITION,The process of generation by development of blastema, orfission of
cells, in which the new formation is in all respect likethe individual from which
it proceeds.
ACCRESCENCE,Continuous growth; an accretion. [R.]The silent accrescence of belief
from the unwatched depositions of ageneral, never contradicted hearsy. Coleridge.
ACCRESCENT,Growing larger after flowering. Gray.
ACCRETE,To make adhere; to add. Earle.
ACCRETIVE,Relating to accretion; increasing, or adding to, by growth.Glanvill.
ACCRIMINATE,To accuse of a crime. [Obs.] -- Ac*crim`i*na"tion, n. [Obs.]
ACCROACHMENT,An encroachment; usurpation. [Obs.] Bailey.
ACCRUAL,Accrument. [R.]
ACCRUE,Something that accrues; advantage accruing. [Obs.]
ACCRUER,The act of accruing; accretion; as, title by accruer.
ACCRUMENT,The process of accruing, or that which has accrued; increase.Jer. Taylor.
ACCUBATION,The act or posture of reclining on a couch, as practiced by theancients
at meals.
ACCUMB,To recline, as at table. [Obs.] Bailey.
ACCUMBENCY,The state of being accumbent or reclining. [R.]
ACCUMBENT,Lying against anything, as one part of a leaf against anotherleaf.
Gray.Accumbent cotyledons have their edges placed against the caulicle.Eaton.
ACCUMBER,To encumber. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ACCUMULATE,To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together;to amass;
as, to accumulate a sum of money.
ACCUMULATION,The concurrence of several titles to the same proof.Accumulation of
energy or power, the storing of energy by means ofweights lifted or masses put in
motion; electricity stored.-- An accumulation of degrees (Eng. Univ.), the taking
of severaltogether, or at smaller intervals than usual or than is allowed bythe
rules.
ACCUMULATIVE,Characterized by accumulation; serving to collect or amass;cumulative;
additional.-- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ly, adv.-- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ness, n.
ACCUMULATOR,An apparatus by means of which energy or power can be stored,such as
the cylinder or tank for storing water for hydraulicelevators, the secondary or
storage battery used for accumulating theenergy of electrical charges, etc.
ACCURACY,The state of being accurate; freedom from mistakes, thisexemption arising
from carefulness; exact conformity to truth, or toa rule or model; precision;
exactness; nicety; correctness; as, thevalue of testimony depends on its
accuracy.The professed end [of logic] is to teach men to think, to judge, andto
reason, with precision and accuracy. Reid.The accuracy with which the piston fits
the sides. Lardner.
ACCURATELY,In an accurate manner; exactly; precisely; without error ordefect.
ACCURATENESS,The state or quality of being accurate; accuracy; exactness;nicety;
precision.
ACCURSE,To devote to destruction; to imprecate misery or evil upon; tocurse; to
execrate; to anathematize.And the city shall be accursed. Josh. vi. 17.Thro' you,
my life will be accurst. Tennyson.
ACCUSABLE,Liable to be accused or censured; chargeable with a crime orfault;
blamable; -- with of.
ACCUSAL,Accusation. [R.] Byron.
ACCUSANT,An accuser. Bp. Hall.
ACCUSATIVAL,Pertaining to the accusative case.
ACCUSATIVE,Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin and Greeknouns) which
expresses the immediate object on which the action orinfluence of a transitive verb
terminates, or the immediate object ofmotion or tendency to, expressed by a
preposition. It corresponds tothe objective case in English.
ACCUSATORIAL,Accusatory.
ACCUSATORIALLY,By way accusation.
ACCUSATORY,Pertaining to, or containing, an accusation; as, an accusatorylibel.
Grote.
ACCUSE,Accusation. [Obs.] Shak.
ACCUSED,Charged with offense; as, an accused person.
ACCUSEMENT,Accusation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ACCUSER,One who accuses; one who brings a charge of crime or fault.
ACCUSINGLY,In an accusing manner.
ACCUSTOM,To make familiar by use; to habituate, familiarize, or inure; -- with to.I
shall always fear that he who accustoms himself to fraud in littlethings, wants
only opportunity to practice it in greater. Adventurer.
ACCUSTOMABLE,Habitual; customary; wonted. "Accustomable goodness." Latimer.
ACCUSTOMABLY,According to custom; ordinarily; customarily. Latimer.
ACCUSTOMANCE,Custom; habitual use. [Obs.] Boyle.
ACCUSTOMARILY,Customarily. [Obs.]
ACCUSTOMARY,Usual; customary. [Archaic] Featley.
ACCUSTOMEDNESS,Habituation.Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart. Bp. Pearce.
ACELDAMA,The potter's field, said to have lain south of Jerusalem,purchased with
the bribe which Judas took for betraying his Master,and therefore called the field
of blood. Fig.: A field of bloodshed.The system of warfare . . . which had already
converted immensetracts into one universal aceldama. De Quincey.
ACENTRIC,Not centered; without a center.
ACEPHAL,One of the Acephala.
ACEPHALA,That division of the Mollusca which includes the bivalveshells, like the
clams and oysters; -- so called because they have noevident head. Formerly the
group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda,and sometimes the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.
ACEPHALAN,Same as Acephal.
ACEPHALIST,One who acknowledges no head or superior. Dr. Gauden.
ACEPHALOCYST,A larval entozoön in the form of a subglobular or oval vesicle,or hy
datid, filled with fluid, sometimes found in the tissues of manand the lower
animals; -- so called from the absence of a head orvisible organs on the vesicle.
These cysts are the immature stages ofcertain tapeworms. Also applied to similar
cysts of different origin.
ACEPHALOCYSTIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, the acephalocysts.
ACEPHALOUS,Without a distinct head; -- a term applied to bivalve mollusks.
ACEQUIA,A canal or trench for irrigating land. [Sp. Amer.]
ACERATE,A combination of aceric acid with a salifiable base.
ACERB,Sour, bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe fruit; sharpand harsh.
ACERBATE,To sour; to imbitter; to irritate.
ACERBIC,Sour or severe.
ACERBITUDE,Sourness and harshness. [Obs.] Bailey.
ACERIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the maple; as, aceric acid.Ure.
ACEROUS,Same as Acerose.
ACERVAL,Pertaining to a heap. [Obs.]
ACERVATE,To heap up. [Obs.]
ACERVATION,A heaping up; accumulation. [R.] Johnson.
ACERVATIVE,Heaped up; tending to heap up.
ACERVOSE,Full of heaps. [R.] Bailey.
ACERVULINE,Resembling little heaps.
ACESCENT,Turning sour; readily becoming tart or acid; slightly sour.Faraday.
ACETABLE,An acetabulum; or about one eighth of a pint. [Obs.] Holland.
ACETABULAR,Cup-shaped; saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.
ACETABULIFERA,The division of Cephalopoda in which the arms are furnishedwith cup-
shaped suckers, as the cuttlefishes, squids, and octopus;the Dibranchiata. See
Cephalopoda.
ACETABULIFEROUS,Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies, ascuttlefish,
etc.
ACETABULIFORM,Shaped like a shallow; saucer-shaped; as, an acetabuliformcalyx.
Gray.
ACETABULUM,A vinegar cup; socket of the hip bone; a measure of about oneeighth of a
pint, etc.
ACETAL,A limpid, colorless, inflammable liquid from the slow oxidationof alcohol
under the influence of platinum black.
ACETALDEHYDE,Acetic aldehyde. See Aldehyde.
ACETAMIDE,A white crystalline solid, from ammonia by replacement of anequivalent of
hydrogen by acetyl.
ACETANILIDE,A compound of aniline with acetyl, used to allay fever or pain;--
called also antifebrine.
ACETARIOUS,Used in salads; as, acetarious plants.
ACETARY,An acid pulp in certain fruits, as the pear. Grew.
ACETATE,A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a base orpositive radical;
as, acetate of lead, acetate of potash.
ACETATED,Combined with acetic acid.
ACETIFICATION,The act of making acetous or sour; the process of converting,or of
becoming converted, into vinegar.
ACETIFIER,An apparatus for hastening acetification. Knight.
ACETIFY,To convert into acid or vinegar.
ACETIMETER,An instrument for estimating the amount of acetic acid invinegar or in
any liquid containing acetic acid.
ACETIMETRY,The act or method of ascertaining the strength of vinegar, orthe
proportion of acetic acid contained in it. Ure.
ACETIN,A combination of acetic acid with glycerin. Brande & C.
ACETIZE,To acetify. [R.]
ACETOL,Methyl ketol; also, any of various homologues of the same.
ACETOMETER,Same as Acetimeter. Brande & C.
ACETONE,A volatile liquid consisting of three parts of carbon, six ofhydrogen, and
one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, -- obtained by thedistillation of certain
acetates, or by the destructive distillationof citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum,
with quicklime.
ACETONIC,Of or pertaining to acetone; as, acetonic bodies.
ACETONURIA,Excess of acetone in the urine, as in starvation or diabetes.
ACETOPHENONE,A crystalline ketone, CH3COC6H5, which may be obtained by thedry
distillation of a mixture of the calcium salts of acetic andbenzoic acids. It is
used as a hypnotic under the name of hypnone.
ACETOSE,Sour like vinegar; acetous.
ACETOSITY,The quality of being acetous; sourness.
ACETYL,A complex, hypothetical radical, composed of two parts ofcarbon to three of
hydrogen and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide isacetic acid.
ACETYLENE,A gaseous compound of carbon and hydrogen, in the proportion oftwo atoms
of the former to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas,with a peculiar,
unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as anilluminating gas in a number of ways,
but chiefly by the action ofwater on calcium carbide. Its light is very brilliant.
Watts.
ACHARNEMENT,Savage fierceness; ferocity.
ACHATE,An agate. [Obs.] Evelyn.
ACHATINA,A genus of land snails, often large, common in the warm partsof America
and Africa.
ACHATOUR,Purveyor; acater. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ACHE,Continued pain, as distinguished from sudden twinges, orspasmodic pain. "Such
an ache in my bones." Shak.
ACHEAN,See Achæan, Achaian.
ACHENIAL,Pertaining to an achene.
ACHERON,A river in the Nether World or infernal regions; also, theinfernal regions
themselves. By some of the English poets it wassupposed to be a flaming lake or
gulf. Shak.
ACHERONTIC,Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal; hence, dismal, gloomy;moribund.
ACHIEVABLE,Capable of being achieved. Barrow.
ACHIEVANCE,Achievement. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
ACHIEVEMENT,An escutcheon or ensign armorial; now generally applied to thefuneral
shield commonly called hatchment. Cussans.
ACHIEVER,One who achieves; a winner.
ACHILLEAN,Resembling Achilles, the hero of the Iliad; invincible.
ACHILOUS,Without a lip.
ACHING,That aches; continuously painful. See Ache.-- Ach"ing*ly, adv.The aching
heart, the aching head. Longfellow.
ACHIOTE,Seeds of the annotto tree; also, the coloring matter, annotto.
ACHLAMYDATE,Not possessing a mantle; -- said of certain gastropods.
ACHLAMYDEOUS,Naked; having no floral envelope, neither calyx nor corolla.
ACHOLIA,Deficiency or want of bile.
ACHOLOUS,Lacking bile.
ACHROMATIC,Free from color; transmitting light without decomposing it intoits
primary colors.
ACHROMATICALLY,In an achromatic manner.
ACHROMATICITY,Achromatism.
ACHROMATIN,Tissue which is not stained by fluid dyes. W. Flemming.
ACHROMATISM,The state or quality of being achromatic; as, the achromatismof a lens;
achromaticity. Nichol.
ACHROMATIZATION,The act or process of achromatizing.
ACHROMATIZE,To deprive of color; to make achromatic.
ACHROMATOPSY,Color blindness; inability to distinguish colors; Daltonism.
ACHROMATOUS,Lacking, or deficient in, color; as, achromatous blood.
ACHROMIC,Free from color; colorless; as, in Physiol. Chem., the achromicpoint of a
starch solution acted upon by an amylolytic enzyme is thepoint at which it fails to
give any color with iodine.
ACHRONIC,See Acronyc.
ACHROOUS,Colorless; achromatic.
ACHYLOUS,Without chyle.
ACHYMOUS,Without chyme.
ACICULA,One of the needlelike or bristlelike spines or prickles of someanimals and
plants; also, a needlelike crystal.
ACICULAR,Needle-shaped; slender like a needle or bristle, as some leavesor
crystals; also, having sharp points like needless. A*cic"u*lar*ly,adv.
ACICULIFORM,Needle-shaped; acicular.
ACICULITE,Needle ore. Brande & C.
ACID PROCESS,That variety of either the Bessemer or the open-hearth processin which
the converter or hearth is lined with acid, that is, highlysiliceous, material.
Opposed to basic process.
ACID,One of a class of compounds, generally but not alwaysdistinguished by their
sour taste, solubility in water, and reddeningof vegetable blue or violet colors.
They are also characterized bythe power of destroying the distinctive properties of
alkalies orbases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losingtheir
own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united witha more negative
element or radical, either alone, or more generallywith oxygen, and take their
names from this negative element orradical. Those which contain no oxygen are
sometimes called hydracidsin distinction from the others which are called oxygen
acids oroxacids.
ACIDIC,Containing a high percentage of silica; -- opposed to basic. anacidic
solution.
ACIDIFEROUS,Containing or yielding an acid.
ACIDIFIABLE,Capable of being acidified, or converted into an acid.
ACIDIFIC,Producing acidity; converting into an acid. Dana.
ACIDIFICATION,The act or process of acidifying, or changing into an acid.
ACIDIFIER,A simple or compound principle, whose presence is necessary toproduce
acidity, as oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.
ACIDIMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the strength of acids. Ure.
ACIDIMETRY,The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by achemical
process based on the law of chemical combinations, or thefact that, to produce a
complete reaction, a certain definite weightof reagent is required.--
Ac`id*i*met"ric*al, a.
ACIDITY,The quality of being sour; sourness; tartness; sharpness to thetaste; as,
the acidity of lemon juice.
ACIDLY,Sourly; tartly.
ACIDNESS,Acidity; sourness.
ACIDULATE,To make sour or acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat.Arbuthnot.
ACIDULENT,Having an acid quality; sour; acidulous. "With anxious,acidulent face."
Carlyle.
ACIDULOUS,Slightly sour; sub-acid; sourish; as, an acidulous tincture. E.Burke.
Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic anhydride.
ACIERAGE,The process of coating the surface of a metal plate (as astereotype plate)
with steellike iron by means of voltaicelectricity; steeling.
ACIFORM,Shaped like a needle.
ACINACEOUS,Containing seeds or stones of grapes, or grains like them.
ACINACES,A short sword or saber.
ACINACIFORM,Scimeter-shaped; as, an acinaciform leaf.
ACINESIA,Same as Akinesia.
ACINETAE,A group of suctorial Infusoria, which in the adult stage arestationary.
See Suctoria.
ACINETIFORM,Resembling the Acinetæ.
ACINIFORM,Consisting of acini, or minute granular concretions; as,acinose or
acinous glands. Kirwan.
ACINUS,One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose orcompound gland, as
the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recessesin the lobules of a racemose gland.
Quain.
ACIPENSER,A genus of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons, having thebody armed
with bony scales, and the mouth on the under side of thehead. See Sturgeon.
ACIURGY,Operative surgery.
ACKNOWLEDGEDLY,Confessedly.
ACKNOWLEDGER,One who acknowledges.
ACLINIC,Without inclination or dipping; -- said the magnetic needlebalances itself
horizontally, having no dip. The aclinic line is alsotermed the magnetic equator.
Prof. August.
ACME,The crisis or height of a disease.
ACNE,A pustular affection of the skin, due to changes in thesebaceous glands.
ACNODAL,Pertaining to acnodes.
ACNODE,An isolated point not upon a curve, but whose coördinatessatisfy the
equation of the curve so that it is considered asbelonging to the curve.
ACOCK,In a cocked or turned up fashion.
ACOLD,Cold. [Obs.] "Poor Tom's acold." Shak.
ACOLOGIC,Pertaining to acology.
ACOLOGY,Materia medica; the science of remedies.
ACOLOTHIST,See Acolythist.
ACOLYCTINE,An organic base, in the form of a white powder, obtained fromAconitum
lycoctonum. Eng. Cyc.
ACOLYTE,One who has received the highest of the four minor orders inthe Catholic
church, being ordained to carry the wine and water andthe lights at the Mass.
ACOLYTH,Same as Acolyte.
ACOLYTHIST,An acolyte. [Obs.]
ACONITAL,Of the nature of aconite.
ACONITE,The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; -- applied to any plant ofthe genus
Aconitum (tribe Hellebore), all the species of which arepoisonous.
ACONITIA,Same as Aconitine.
ACONITIC,Of or pertaining to aconite.
ACONITINE,An intensely poisonous alkaloid, extracted from aconite.
ACONITUM,The poisonous herb aconite; also, an extract from it.Strong As aconitum or
rash gunpowder. Shak.
ACONTIA,Threadlike defensive organs, composed largely of nettling cells(cnidæ),
thrown out of the mouth or special pores of certain Actiniæwhen irritated.
ACONTIAS,Anciently, a snake, called dart snake; now, one of a genus ofreptiles
closely allied to the lizards.
ACOPIC,Relieving weariness; restorative.
ACORN CUP,The involucre or cup in which the acorn is fixed.
ACORN,A cone-shaped piece of wood on the point of the spindle abovethe vane, on the
mast-head.
ACORN-SHELL,One of the sessile cirripeds; a barnacle of the genus Balanus.See
Barnacle.
ACOSMISM,A denial of the existence of the universe as distinct from God.
ACOSMIST,One who denies the existence of the universe, or of a universeas distinct
from God. G. H. Lewes.
ACOTYLEDON,A plant which has no cotyledons, as the dodder and allflowerless plants.
ACOTYLEDONOUS,Having no seed lobes, as the dodder; also applied to plantswhich have
no true seeds, as ferns, mosses, etc.
ACOUCHY,A small species of agouti (Dasyprocta acouchy).
ACOUMETER,An instrument for measuring the acuteness of the sense ofhearing. Itard.
ACOUMETRY,The measuring of the power or extent of hearing.
ACOUSTIC,Pertaining to the sense of hearing, the organs of hearing, orthe science
of sounds; auditory. Acoustic duct, the auditory duct, orexternal passage of the
ear.-- Acoustic telegraph, a telegraph making audible signals; atelephone.--
Acoustic vessels, brazen tubes or vessels, shaped like a bell,used in ancient
theaters to propel the voices of the actors, so as torender them audible to a great
distance.
ACOUSTICAL,Of or pertaining to acoustics.
ACOUSTICALLY,In relation to sound or to hearing. Tyndall.
ACOUSTICIAN,One versed in acoustics. Tyndall.
ACOUSTICS,The science of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena,
andlaws.Acoustics, then, or the science of sound, is a very considerablebranch of
physics. Sir J. Herschel.
ACQUAINT,Acquainted. [Obs.]
ACQUAINTABLE,Easy to be acquainted with; affable. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
ACQUAINTANCESHIP,A state of being acquainted; acquaintance. Southey.
ACQUAINTANT,An acquaintance. [R.] Swift.
ACQUAINTED,Personally known; familiar. See To be acquainted with, underAcquaint, v.
t.
ACQUAINTEDNESS,State of being acquainted; degree of acquaintance. [R.] Boyle.
ACQUEST,Property acquired by purchase, gift, or otherwise than byinheritance.
Bouvier.
ACQUIESCENCY,The quality of being acquiescent; acquiescence.
ACQUIESCENT,Resting satisfied or submissive; disposed tacitly to submit;assentive;
as, an acquiescent policy.
ACQUIESCENTLY,In an acquiescent manner.
ACQUIET,To quiet. [Obs.]Acquiet his mind from stirring you against your own peace.
Sir A.Sherley.
ACQUIRABILITY,The quality of being acquirable; attainableness. [R.] Paley.
ACQUIRABLE,Capable of being acquired.
ACQUIRE,To gain, usually by one's own exertions; to get as one's own;as, to acquire
a title, riches, knowledge, skill, good or bad habits.No virtue is acquired in an
instant, but step by step. Barrow.Descent is the title whereby a man, on the death
of his ancestor,acquires his estate, by right of representation, as his heir at
law.Blackstone.
ACQUIREMENT,The act of acquiring, or that which is acquired; attainment."Rules for
the acquirement of a taste." Addison.His acquirements by industry were . . .
enriched and enlarged by manyexcellent endowments of nature. Hayward.
ACQUIRER,A person who acquires.
ACQUIRY,Acquirement. [Obs.] Barrow.
ACQUISITE,Acquired. [Obs.] Burton.
ACQUISITIVELY,In the way of acquisition.
ACQUISITIVENESS,The faculty to which the phrenologists attribute the desire
ofacquiring and possessing. Combe.
ACQUISITOR,One who acquires.
ACQUIST,Acquisition; gain. Milton.
ACQUIT,Acquitted; set free; rid of. [Archaic] Shak.
ACQUITMENT,Acquittal. [Obs.] Milton.
ACQUITTAL,A setting free, or deliverance from the charge of an offense,by verdict
of a jury or sentence of a court. Bouvier.
ACQUITTANCE,To acquit. [Obs.] Shak.
ACQUITTER,One who acquits or releases.
ACRANIA,Partial or total absence of the skull.
ACRANIAL,Wanting a skull.
ACRASPEDA,A group of acalephs, including most of the larger jellyfishes;the
Discophora.
ACREABLE,Of an acre; per acre; as, the acreable produce.
ACREAGE,Acres collectively; as, the acreage of a farm or a country.
ACRED,Possessing acres or landed property; -- used in composition;as, large-acred
men.
ACRID,The quality of being acrid or pungent; irritant bitterness;acrimony; as, the
acridity of a plant, of a speech.
ACRIDLY,In an acid manner.
ACRIMONIOUSLY,In an acrimonious manner.
ACRIMONIOUSNESS,The quality of being acrimonious; asperity; acrimony.
ACRIMONY,Undecided character of a disease. [Obs.]
ACRITA,The lowest groups of animals, in which no nervous system hasbeen observed.
ACRITAN,Of or pertaining to the Acrita.-- n. An individual of the Acrita.
ACRITE,Acritan. Owen.
ACRITICAL,Having no crisis; giving no indications of a crisis; as,acritical
symptoms, an acritical abscess.
ACRITOCHROMACY,Color blindness; achromatopsy.
ACRITUDE,Acridity; pungency joined with heat. [Obs.]
ACRITY,Sharpness; keenness. [Obs.]
ACROATIC,Same as Acroamatic.
ACROBAT,One who practices rope dancing, high vaulting, or other daringgymnastic
feats.
ACROBATIC,Pertaining to an acrobat.-- Ac`ro*bat"ic*al*ly, adv.
ACROBATISM,Feats of the acrobat; daring gymnastic feats; high vaulting.
ACROCEPHALIC,Characterized by a high skull.
ACROCEPHALY,Loftiness of skull.
ACROCERAUNIAN,Of or pertaining to the high mountain range of "thunder-smitten"
peaks (now Kimara), between Epirus and Macedonia. Shelley.
ACRODACTYLUM,The upper surface of the toes, individually.
ACRODONT,One of a group of lizards having the teeth immovably united tothe top of
the alveolar ridge.-- a. Of or pertaining to the acrodonts.
ACROGEN,A plant of the highest class of cryptograms, including theferns, etc. See
Cryptogamia. The Age of Acrogens (Geol.), the age ofcoal plants, or the
carboniferous era.
ACROGENOUS,Increasing by growth from the extremity; as, an acrogenousplant.
ACROLEIN,A limpid, colorless, highly volatile liquid, obtained by thedehydration of
glycerin, or the destructive distillation of neutralfats containing glycerin. Its
vapors are intensely irritating. Watts.
ACROLITH,A statue whose extremities are of stone, the trunk beinggenerally of wood.
Elmes.
ACROMEGALY,Chronic enlargement of the extremities and face.
ACROMIAL,Of or pertaining to the acromion. Dunglison.
ACROMION,The outer extremity of the shoulder blade.
ACROMONOGRAMMATIC,Having each verse begin with the same letter as that with
whichthe preceding verse ends.
ACRONYCALLY,In an acronycal manner as rising at the setting of the sun, andvise
versâ.
ACRONYCTOUS,Acronycal.
ACROOK,Crookedly. [R.] Udall.
ACROPETAL,Developing from below towards the apex, or from thecircumference towards
the center; centripetal; -- said of certaininflorescence.
ACROPHONY,The use of a picture symbol of an object to representphonetically the
initial sound of the name of the object.
ACROPODIUM,The entire upper surface of the foot.
ACROPOLIS,The upper part, or the citadel, of a Grecian city; especially,the citadel
of Athens.
ACROPOLITAN,Pertaining to an acropolis.
ACROSPIRE,The sprout at the end of a seed when it begins to germinate;the plumule
in germination; -- so called from its spiral form.
ACROSPORE,A spore borne at the extremity of the cells of fructificationin fungi.
ACROSPOROUS,Having acrospores.
ACROSS,From side to side; athwart; crosswise, or in a directionopposed to the
length; quite over; as, a bridge laid across a river.Dryden. To come across, to
come upon or meet incidentally. Freeman.-- To go across the country, to go by a
direct course across aregion without following the roads.
ACROSTIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, acrostics.
ACROSTICALLY,After the manner of an acrostic.
ACROTARSIUM,The instep or front of the tarsus.
ACROTELEUTIC,The end of a verse or psalm, or something added thereto, to besung by
the people, by way of a response.
ACROTER,Same as Acroterium.
ACROTERIAL,Pertaining to an acroterium; as, ornaments. P. Cyc.
ACROTIC,Pertaining to or affecting the surface.
ACROTISM,Lack or defect of pulsation.
ACROTOMOUS,Having a cleavage parallel with the base.
ACRYLIC,Of or containing acryl, the hypothetical radical of whichacrolein is the
hydride; as, acrylic acid.
ACTABLE,Capable of being acted. Tennyson.
ACTINAL,Pertaining to the part of a radiate animal which contains themouth. L.
Agassiz.
ACTINARIA,A large division of Anthozoa, including those which have simpletentacles
and do not form stony corals. Sometimes, in a wider sense,applied to all the
Anthozoa, expert the Alcyonaria, whether formingcorals or not.
ACTINIC,Of or pertaining to actinism; as, actinic rays.
ACTINIFORM,Having a radiated form, like a sea anemone.
ACTINISM,The property of radiant energy (found chiefly in solar orelectric light)
by which chemical changes are produced, as inphotography.
ACTINIUM,A supposed metal, said by Phipson to be contained in commercialzinc; -- so
called because certain of its compounds are darkened byexposure to light.
ACTINO-CHEMISTRY,Chemistry in its relations to actinism. Draper.
ACTINOGRAM,A record made by the actinograph.
ACTINOGRAPH,An instrument for measuring and recording the variations in theactinic
or chemical force of rays of light. Nichol.
ACTINOID,Having the form of rays; radiated, as an actinia.
ACTINOLITE,A bright green variety of amphibole occurring usually infibrous or
columnar masses.
ACTINOLITIC,Of the nature of, or containing, actinolite.
ACTINOLOGY,The science which treats of rays of light, especially of theactinic or
chemical rays.
ACTINOMERE,One of the radial segments composing the body of one of theCoelenterata.
ACTINOMETRIC,Pertaining to the measurement of the intensity of the solarrays,
either (a) heating, or (b) actinic.
ACTINOMYCOSIS,A chronic infectious disease of cattle and man due to thepresence of
Actinomyces bovis. It causes local suppurating tumors,esp. about the jaw. Called
also lumpy jaw or big jaw. --Ac`ti*no*my*cot"ic (#), a.
ACTINOPHONE,An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of theactinic,
or ultraviolet, rays.
ACTINOPHONIC,Pertaining to, or causing the production of, sound by means ofthe
actinic, or ultraviolet, rays; as, actinophonic phenomena.
ACTINOPHOROUS,Having straight projecting spines.
ACTINOSOME,The entire body of a coelenterate.
ACTINOST,(Anat.) One of the bones at the base of a paired fin of a fish.
ACTINOSTOME,The mouth or anterior opening of a coelenterate animal.
ACTINOTROCHA,A peculiar larval form of Phoronis, a genus of marine worms,having a
circle of ciliated tentacles.
ACTINOZOA,A group of Coelenterata, comprising the Anthozoa Ctenophora.The sea
anemone, or actinia, is a familiar example.
ACTINOZOAL,Of or pertaining to the Actinozoa.
ACTINULA,A kind of embryo of certain hydroids (Tubularia), having astellate form.
ACTION,Effective motion; also, mechanism; as, the breech action of agun.
ACTIONABLE,That may be the subject of an action or suit at law; as, tocall a man a
thief is actionable.
ACTIONABLY,In an actionable manner.
ACTIONLESS,Void of action.
ACTIVATE,To make active. [Obs.]
ACTIVELY,In an active signification; as, a word used actively.
ACTIVENESS,The quality of being active; nimbleness; quickness of motion;activity.
ACTIVITY,The state or quality of being active; nimbleness; agility;vigorous action
or operation; energy; active force; as, an increasingvariety of human activities.
"The activity of toil." Palfrey.
ACTLESS,Without action or spirit. [R.]
ACTON,A stuffed jacket worn under the mail, or (later) a jacketplated with mail.
[Spelled also hacqueton.] [Obs.] Halliwell. Sir W.Scott.
ACTUAL,Something actually received; real, as distinct from estimated,receipts.
[Cant]The accounts of revenues supplied . . . were not real receipts: not,in
financial language, "actuals," but only Egyptian budget estimates.Fortnightly
Review.
ACTUALIST,One who deals with or considers actually existing facts andconditions,
rather than fancies or theories; -- opposed to idealist.J. Grote.
ACTUALITY,The state of being actual; reality; as, the actuality of God'snature.
South.
ACTUALIZATION,A making actual or really existent. [R.] Emerson.
ACTUALIZE,To make actual; to realize in action. [R.] Coleridge.
ACTUALNESS,Quality of being actual; actuality.
ACTUARIAL,Of or pertaining to actuaries; as, the actuarial value of anannuity.
ACTUARY,A registar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of civil lawjurisdiction,
but in Europe used for a clerk or registar generally.
ACTUATE,Put in action; actuated. [Obs.] South.
ACTUATION,A bringing into action; movement. Bp. Pearson.
ACTUATOR,One who actuates, or puts into action. [R.] Melville.
ACTUOSE,Very active. [Obs.]
ACTUOSITY,Abundant activity. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
ACTURE,Action. [Obs.] Shak.
ACTURIENCE,Tendency or impulse to act. [R.]Acturience, or desire of action, in one
form or another, whether asrestlessness, ennui, dissatisfaction, or the imagination
of somethingdesirable. J. Grote.
ACUATE,To sharpen; to make pungent; to quicken. [Obs.] "[To] acuatethe blood."
Harvey.
ACUATION,Act of sharpening. [R.]
ACUITION,The act of sharpening. [Obs.]
ACUITY,Sharpness or acuteness, as of a needle, wit, etc.
ACULEATE,Having a sting; covered with prickles; sharp like a prickle.
ACULEATED,Having a sharp point; armed with prickles; prickly; aculeate.
ACULEIFORM,Like a prickle.
ACULEOLATE,Having small prickles or sharp points. Gray.
ACULEOUS,Aculeate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ACULEUS,A prickle growing on the bark, as in some brambles and roses.Lindley.
ACUMEN,Quickness of perception or discernment; penetration of mind;the faculty of
nice discrimination. Selden.
ACUMINATE,Tapering to a point; pointed; as, acuminate leaves, teeth, etc.
ACUMINATION,A sharpening; termination in a sharp point; a tapering point.Bp.
Pearson.
ACUMINOSE,Terminating in a flat, narrow end. Lindley.
ACUMINOUS,Characterized by acumen; keen. Highmore.
ACUPRESSURE,A mode of arresting hemorrhage resulting from wounds orsurgical
operations, by passing under the divided vessel a needle,the ends of which are left
exposed externally on the cutaneoussurface. Simpson.
ACUPUNCTURATION,See Acupuncture.
ACUPUNCTURE,Pricking with a needle; a needle prick. Specifically (Med.):
ACUSTUMAUNCE,See Accustomance. [Obs.]
ACUTANGULAR,Acute-angled.
ACUTE,Attended with symptoms of some degree of severity, and comingspeedily to a
crisis; -- opposed to chronic; as, an acute disease.Acute angle (Geom.), an angle
less than a right angle.
ACUTE-ANGLED,Having acute angles; as, an acute-angled triangle, a trianglewith
every one of its angles less than a right angle.
ACUTELY,In an acute manner; sharply; keenly; with nice discrimination.
ACUTENESS,Violence of a disease, which brings it speedily to a crisis.
ACUTIFOLIATE,Having sharp-pointed leaves.
ACUTILOBATE,Having acute lobes, as some leaves.
ACUTORSION,The twisting of an artery with a needle to arrest hemorrhage.
ACYCLIC,Not cyclic; not disposed in cycles or whorls; as: (a) (Bot.)
ACYL,An acid radical, as acetyl, malonyl, or benzoyl.
AD CAPTANDUM,A phrase used adjectively sometimes of meretricious attempts tocatch
or win popular favor.
AD HOMINEM,` phrase applied to an appeal or argument addressed to theprinciples,
interests, or passions of a man.
AD INFINITUM,Without limit; endlessly.
AD INTERIM,Meanwhile; temporary.
AD LIBITUM,. At one's pleasure; as one wishes.
AD VALOREM,A term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods, at acertain rate
per cent upon their value, as stated in their invoice, -- in opposition to a
specific sum upon a given quantity or number;as, an ad valorem duty of twenty per
cent.
AD-,As a prefix ad- assumes the forms ac-, af-, ag-, al-, an-, ap-,ar-, as-, at-,
assimilating the d with the first letter of the wordto which ad- is prefixed. It
remains unchanged before vowels, andbefore d, h, j, m, v. Examples: adduce, adhere,
adjacent, admit,advent, accord, affect, aggregate, allude, annex, appear, etc.
Itbecomes ac- before qu, as in acquiesce.
ADACT,To compel; to drive. [Obs.] Fotherby.
ADAGE,An old saying, which has obtained credit by long use; aproverb.Letting "I
dare not" wait upon "I would," Like the poor cat i' theadage. Shak.
ADAGIAL,Pertaining to an adage; proverbial. "Adagial verse." Barrow.
ADAGIO,Slow; slowly, leisurely, and gracefully. When repeated, adagio,adagio, it
directs the movement to be very slow.
ADAM,"Original sin;" human frailty.And whipped the offending Adam out of him.
Shak.Adam's ale, water. [Coll.] -- Adam's apple.
ADAMANTEAN,Of adamant; hard as adamant. Milton.
ADAMANTINE,Like the diamond in hardness or luster.
ADAMBULACRAL,Next to the ambulacra; as, the adambulacral ossicles of thestarfish.
ADAMITE,One of a sect of visionaries, who, professing to imitate thestate of Adam,
discarded the use of dress in their assemblies.
ADANCE,Dancing. Lowell.
ADANGLE,Dangling. Browning.
ADANSONIA,A genus of great trees related to the Bombax. There are twospecies, A.
digitata, the baobab or monkey-bread of Africa and India,and A. Gregorii, the sour
gourd or cream-of-tartar tree of Australia.Both have a trunk of moderate height,
but of enormous diameter, and awide-spreading head. The fruit is oblong, and filled
with pleasantlyacid pulp. The wood is very soft, and the bark is used by the
nativesfor making ropes and cloth. D. C. Eaton.
ADAPT,Fitted; suited. [Obs.] Swift.
ADAPTABLE,Capable of being adapted.
ADAPTATIVE,Adaptive. Stubbs.
ADAPTEDNESS,The state or quality of being adapted; suitableness; specialfitness.
ADAPTER,A connecting tube; an adopter.
ADAPTION,Adaptation. Cheyne.
ADAPTIVE,Suited, given, or tending, to adaptation; characterized byadaptation;
capable of adapting. Coleridge.-- A*dapt"ive*ly, adv.
ADAPTIVENESS,The quality of being adaptive; capacity to adapt.
ADAPTLY,In a suitable manner. [R.] Prior.
ADAPTNESS,Adaptedness. [R.]
ADAPTORIAL,Adaptive. [R.]
ADAR,The twelfth month of the Hebrew ecclesiastical year, and thesixth of the
civil. It corresponded nearly with March.
ADARCE,A saltish concretion on reeds and grass in marshy grounds inGalatia. It is
soft and porous, and was formerly used for cleansingthe skin from freckles and
tetters, and also in leprosy. Dana.
ADATIS,A fine cotton cloth of India.
ADAUNT,To daunt; to subdue; to mitigate. [Obs.] Skelton.
ADAW,To subdue; to daunt. [Obs.]The sight whereof did greatly him adaw. Spenser.
ADAYS,By day, or every day; in the daytime. [Obs.] Fielding.
ADDABLE,Addible.
ADDAX,One of the largest African antelopes (Hippotragus, or Oryx,nasomaculatus).
ADDEEM,To award; to adjudge. [Obs.] "Unto him they did addeem theprise." Spenser.
ADDENDUM,A thing to be added; an appendix or addition. Addendum circle(Mech.), the
circle which may be described around a circular spurwheel or gear wheel, touching
the crests or tips of the teeth.Rankine.
ADDER FLY,A dragon fly.
ADDER,One who, or that which, adds; esp., a machine for addingnumbers.
ADDERWORT,The common bistort or snakeweed (Polygonum bistorta).
ADDIBILITY,The quantity of being addible; capability of addition. Locke.
ADDIBLE,Capable of being added. "Addible numbers." Locke.
ADDICE,See Adze. [Obs.] Moxon.
ADDICT,Addicted; devoted. [Obs.]
ADDICTEDNESS,The quality or state of being addicted; attachment.
ADDICTION,The state of being addicted; devotion; inclination. "Hisaddiction was to
courses vain." Shak.
ADDITAMENT,An addition, or a thing added. Fuller.My persuasion that the latter
verses of the chapter were anadditament of a later age. Coleridge.
ADDITION,That part of arithmetic which treats of adding numbers.
ADDITIONAL,Added; supplemental; in the way of an addition.
ADDITIONALLY,By way of addition.
ADDITIONARY,Additional. [R.] Herbert.
ADDITITIOUS,Additive. [R.] Sir J. Herschel.
ADDITIVE,Proper to be added; positive; -- opposed to subtractive.
ADDITORY,Tending to add; making some addition. [R.] Arbuthnot.
ADDLE,Having lost the power of development, and become rotten, aseggs; putrid.
Hence: Unfruitful or confused, as brains; muddled.Dryden.
ADDLE-PATEDNESS,Stupidity.
ADDLINGS,Earnings. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
ADDOOM,To adjudge. [Obs.] Spenser.
ADDORSED,Set or turned back to back.
ADDRESS,To consign or intrust to the care of another, as agent orfactor; as, the
ship was addressed to a merchant in Baltimore. Toaddress one's self to. (a) To
prepare one's self for; to apply one'sself to. (b) To direct one's speech or
discourse to.
ADDRESSEE,One to whom anything is addressed.
ADDRESSION,The act of addressing or directing one's course. [Rare & Obs.]Chapman.
ADDUCE,To bring forward or offer, as an argument, passage, orconsideration which
bears on a statement or case; to cite; to allege.Reasons . . . were adduced on both
sides. Macaulay.Enough could not be adduced to satisfy the purpose of
illustration.De Quincey.
ADDUCENT,Bringing together or towards a given point; -- a word appliedto those
muscles of the body which pull one part towards another.Opposed to abducent.
ADDUCER,One who adduces.
ADDUCIBLE,Capable of being adduced.Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable
manner diversified, areadducible. I. Taylor.
ADDUCT,To draw towards a common center or a middle line. Huxley.
ADDUCTION,The action by which the parts of the body are drawn towards itsaxis]; --
opposed to abduction. Dunglison.
ADDUCTIVE,Adducing, or bringing towards or to something.
ADDUCTOR,A muscle which draws a limb or part of the body toward themiddle line of
the body, or closes extended parts of the body; --opposed to abductor; as, the
adductor of the eye, which turns the eyetoward the nose.In the bivalve shells, the
muscles which close the values of theshell are called adductor muscles. Verrill.
ADDULCE,To sweeten; to soothe. [Obs.] Bacon.
ADEEM,To revoke, as a legacy, grant, etc., or to satisfy it by someother gift.
ADELANTADILLO,A Spanish red wine made of the first ripe grapes.
ADELANTADO,A governor of a province; a commander. Prescott.
ADELASTER,A provisional name for a plant which has not had its flowersbotanically
examined, and therefore has not been referred to itsproper genus.
ADELING,Same as Atheling.
ADELOCODONIC,Applied to sexual zooids of hydroids, that have a saclike formand do
not become free; -- opposed to phanerocodonic.
ADELOPOD,An animal having feet that are not apparent.
ADELPHIA,A "brotherhood," or collection of stamens in a bundle; -- usedin
composition, as in the class names, Monadelphia, Diadelphia, etc.
ADELPHOUS,Having coalescent or clustered filaments; -- said of stamens;as,
adelphous stamens. Usually in composition; as, monadelphous.Gray.
ADEMPT,Takes away. [Obs.]Without any sinister suspicion of anything being added or
adempt.Latimn.
ADEMPTION,The revocation or taking away of a grant donation, legacy, orthe like.
Bouvier.
ADEN ULCER,A disease endemic in various parts of tropical Asia, due to aspecific
microörganism which produces chronic ulcers on the limbs. Itis often fatal. Called
also Cochin China ulcer, Persian ulcer,tropical ulcer, etc.
ADENIFORM,Shaped like a gland; adenoid. Dunglison.
ADENITIS,Glandular inflammation. Dunglison.
ADENOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to adenography.
ADENOGRAPHY,That part of anatomy which describes the glands.
ADENOLOGICAL,Pertaining to adenology.
ADENOLOGY,The part of physiology that treats of the glands.
ADENOMA,A benign tumor of a glandlike structure; morbid enlargement ofa gland. --
Ad`e*nom"a*tous, a.
ADENOPATHY,Disease of a gland.
ADENOPHOROUS,Producing glands.
ADENOPHYLLOUS,Having glands on the leaves.
ADENOSCLEROSIS,The hardening of a gland.
ADENOSE,Like a gland; full of glands; glandulous; adenous.
ADENOTOMIC,Pertaining to adenotomy.
ADENOTOMY,Dissection of, or incision into, a gland or glands.
ADENOUS,Same as Adenose.
ADEPS,Animal fat; lard.
ADEPT,One fully skilled or well versed in anything; a proficient; as,adepts in
philosophy.
ADEPTION,An obtaining; attainment. [Obs.]In the wit and policy of the capitain
consisteth the chief adeptionof the victory. Grafton.
ADEPTIST,A skilled alchemist. [Obs.]
ADEPTNESS,The quality of being adept; skill.
ADEQUACY,The state or quality of being adequate, proportionate, orsufficient; a
sufficiency for a particular purpose; as, the adequacyof supply to the expenditure.
ADEQUATE,Equal to some requirement; proportionate, or correspondent;fully
sufficient; as, powers adequate to a great work; an adequatedefinition.Ireland had
no adequate champion. De Quincey.
ADEQUATELY,In an adequate manner.
ADEQUATENESS,The quality of being adequate; suitableness; sufficiency;adequacy.
ADEQUATION,The act of equalizing; act or result of making adequate; anequivalent.
[Obs.] Bp. Barlow.
ADESMY,The division or defective coherence of an organ that is usuallyentire.
ADESSENARIAN,One who held the real presence of Christ's body in theeucharist, but
not by transubstantiation.
ADFECTED,See Affected, 5.
ADFILIATED,See Affiliated. [Obs.]
ADFILIATION,See Affiliation. [Obs.]
ADFLUXION,See Affluxion.
ADHAMANT,Clinging, as by hooks.
ADHERENT,Congenitally united with an organ of another kind, as calyxwith ovary, or
stamens with petals.
ADHERENTLY,In an adherent manner.
ADHERER,One who adheres; an adherent.
ADHESION,The molecular attraction exerted between bodies in contact. SeeCohesion.
ADHESIVELY,In an adhesive manner.
ADHESIVENESS,Propensity to form and maintain attachments to persons, and topromote
social intercourse.
ADHIBITION,The act of adhibiting; application; use. Whitaker.
ADHORT,To exhort; to advise. [Obs.] Feltham.
ADHORTATION,Advice; exhortation. [Obs.] Peacham.
ADHORTATORY,Containing counsel or warning; hortatory; advisory. [Obs.]Potter.
ADIABATIC,Not giving out or receiving heat.-- Ad`i*a*bat`ic*al*ly, adv. Adiabatic
line or curve, a curveexhibiting the variations of pressure and volume of a fluid
when itexpands without either receiving or giving out heat. Rankine.
ADIACTINIC,Not transmitting the actinic rays.
ADIANTUM,A genus of ferns, the leaves of which shed water; maidenhair.Also, the
black maidenhair, a species of spleenwort.
ADIAPHORISM,Religious indifference.
ADIAPHORIST,One of the German Protestants who, with Melanchthon, held someopinions
and ceremonies to be indifferent or nonessential, whichLuther condemned as sinful
or heretical. Murdock.
ADIAPHORISTIC,Pertaining to matters indifferent in faith and practice.Shipley.
ADIAPHORITE,Same as Adiaphorist.
ADIAPHOROUS,Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some medicines.Dunglison.
ADIAPHORY,Indifference. [Obs.]
ADIATHERMIC,Not pervious to heat.
ADIEU,Good-by; farewell; an expression of kind wishes at parting.
ADIGHT,To set in order; to array; to attire; to deck, to dress. [Obs.]
ADIOS,Adieu; farewell; good-by; -- chiefly used among Spanish-speaking people.
ADIPESCENT,Becoming fatty.
ADIPIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; --applied to
certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitricacid.
ADIPOCERATE,To convert adipocere.
ADIPOCERATION,The act or process of changing into adipocere.
ADIPOCERE,A soft, unctuous, or waxy substance, of a light brown color,into which
the fat and muscle tissue of dead bodies sometimes areconverted, by long immersion
in water or by burial in moist places.It is a result of fatty degeneration.
ADIPOCERIFORM,Having the form or appearance of adipocere; as, anadipoceriform
tumor.
ADIPOCEROUS,Like adipocere.
ADIPOGENOUS,Producing fat.
ADIPOLYSIS,The digestion of fats.
ADIPOLYTIC,Hydrolyzing fats; converting neutral fats into glycerin andfree fatty
acids, esp. by the action of an enzyme; as, adipolyticaction.
ADIPOMA,A mass of fat found internally; also, a fatty tumor. --Ad`i*pom"a*tous, a.
ADIPOSE,Of or pertaining to animal fat; fatty. Adipose fin (Zoöl.), asoft boneless
fin.-- Adipose tissue (Anat.), that form of animal tissue which forms orcontains
fat.
ADIPOUS,Fatty; adipose. [R.]
ADIPSOUS,Quenching thirst, as certain fruits.
ADIPSY,Absence of thirst.
ADJACENT,Lying near, close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on;as, a field
adjacent to the highway. "The adjacent forest." B.Jonson. Adjacent or contiguous
angle. (Geom.) See Angle.
ADJACENTLY,So as to be adjacent.
ADJECT,To add or annex; to join. Leland.
ADJECTION,The act or mode of adding; also, the thing added. [R.] B.Jonson.
ADJECTIONAL,Pertaining to adjection; that is, or may be, annexed. [R.]Earle.
ADJECTITIOUS,Added; additional. Parkhurst.
ADJECTIVAL,Of or relating to the relating to the adjective; of the natureof an
adjective; adjective. W. Taylor (1797)
ADJECTIVALLY,As, or in the manner of, an adjective; adjectively.
ADJECTIVE,A word used with a noun, or substantive, to express a qualityof the thing
named, or something attributed to it, or to limit ordefine it, or to specify or
describe a thing, as distinct fromsomething else. Thus, in phrase, "a wise ruler,"
wise is theadjective, expressing a property of ruler.
ADJECTIVELY,In the manner of an adjective; as, a word used adjectively.
ADJOIN,To join or unite to; to lie contiguous to; to be in contactwith; to attach;
to append.Corrections . . . should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of note.Watts.
ADJOINANT,Contiguous. [Obs.] Carew.
ADJOINING,Joining to; contiguous; adjacent; as, an adjoining room. "Theadjoining
fane." Dryden.Upon the hills adjoining to the city. Shak.
ADJOINT,An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.]
ADJOURN,To put off or defer to another day, or indefinitely; topostpone; to close
or suspend for the day; -- commonly said of themeeting, or the action, of convened
body; as, to adjourn the meeting;to adjourn a debate.It is a common practice to
adjourn the reformation of their lives toa further time. Barrow.'Tis a needful
fitness That we adjourn this court till further day.Shak.
ADJOURNAL,Adjournment; postponement. [R.] "An adjournal of the Diet." SirW. Scott.
ADJUDGER,One who adjudges.
ADJUDGMENT,The act of adjudging; judicial decision; adjudication. Sir W.Temple.
ADJUDICATE,To adjudge; to try and determine, as a court; to settle byjudicial
decree.
ADJUDICATION,The decision upon the question whether the debtor is abankrupt.
Abbott.
ADJUDICATIVE,Adjudicating.
ADJUDICATOR,One who adjudicates.
ADJUDICATURE,Adjudication.
ADJUGATE,To yoke to. [Obs.]
ADJUMENT,Help; support; also, a helper. [Obs.] Waterhouse.
ADJUNCT,Conjoined; attending; consequent.Though that my death were adjunct to my
act. Shak.Adjunct notes (Mus.), short notes between those essential to theharmony;
auxiliary notes; passing notes.
ADJUNCTION,The act of joining; the thing joined or added.
ADJUNCTIVE,Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.
ADJUNCTIVELY,In an adjunctive manner.
ADJUNCTLY,By way of addition or adjunct; in connection with.
ADJURATORY,Containing an adjuration.
ADJURE,To charge, bind, or command, solemnly, as if under oath, orunder the penalty
of a curse; to appeal to in the most solemn orimpressive manner; to entreat
earnestly.Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man beforethe
Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho. Josh. vi.26.The high
priest . . . said . . . I adjure thee by the living God,that thou tell us whether
thou be the Christ. Matt. xxvi. 63.The commissioners adjured them not to let pass
so favorable anopportunity of securing their liberties. Marshall.
ADJURER,One who adjures.
ADJUSTABLE,Capable of being adjusted.
ADJUSTAGE,Adjustment. [R.]
ADJUSTER,One who, or that which, adjusts.
ADJUSTIVE,Tending to adjust. [R.]
ADJUSTMENT,Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflictingclaims, as
in set-off, contribution, exoneration, subrogation, andmarshaling. Bispham.
ADJUTAGE,Same as Ajutage.
ADJUTANT,A regimental staff officer, who assists the colonel, orcommanding officer
of a garrison or regiment, in the details ofregimental and garrison duty. Adjutant
general (a) (Mil.), theprincipal staff officer of an army, through whom the
commandinggeneral receives communications and issues military orders. In the U.S.
army he is brigadier general. (b) (Among the Jesuits), one of aselect number of
fathers, who resided with the general of the order,each of whom had a province or
country assigned to his care.
ADJUTATOR,A corruption of Agitator.
ADJUTE,To add. [Obs.]
ADJUTOR,A helper or assistant. [Archaic] Drayton.
ADJUTORY,Serving to help or assist; helping. [Obs.]
ADJUTRIX,A female helper or assistant. [R.]
ADJUVANT,Helping; helpful; assisting. [R.] "Adjuvant causes." Howell.
ADLEGATION,A right formerly claimed by the states of the German Empire ofjoining
their own ministers with those of the emperor in publictreaties and negotiations to
the common interest of the empire.Encyc. Brit.
ADLOCUTION,See Allocution. [Obs.]
ADMARGINATE,To write in the margin. [R.] Coleridge.
ADMAXILLARY,Near to the maxilla or jawbone.
ADMEASURE,To determine the proper share of, or the proper apportionment;as, to
admeasure dower; to admeasure common of pasture. Blackstone.
ADMEASURER,One who admeasures.
ADMENSURATION,Same as Admeasurement.
ADMINICLE,Corroborative or explanatory proof.
ADMINICULAR,Supplying help; auxiliary; corroborative; explanatory; as,adminicular
evidence. H. Spencer.
ADMINICULARY,Adminicular.
ADMINISTER,To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a will, orwhose will
fails of an executor.
ADMINISTERIAL,Pertaining to administration, or to the executive part ofgovernment.
ADMINISTRABLE,Capable of being administered; as, an administrable law.
ADMINISTRANT,Executive; acting; managing affairs.-- n.
ADMINISTRATE,To administer. [R.] Milman.
ADMINISTRATIVE,Pertaining to administration; administering; executive; as,
anadministrative body, ability, or energy.-- Ad*min"is*tra`tive*ly, adv.
ADMINISTRATOR,A man who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or ofa
testator when there is no competent executor; one to whom the rightof
administration has been committed by competent authority.
ADMINISTRATORSHIP,The position or office of an administrator.
ADMINISTRATRIX,A woman who administers; esp., one who administers the estateof an
intestate, or to whom letters of administration have beengranted; a female
administrator.
ADMIRABILITY,Admirableness. [R.] Johnson.
ADMIRABLENESS,The quality of being admirable; wonderful excellence.
ADMIRABLY,In an admirable manner.
ADMIRAL,A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of Europe and America.The larva
feeds on nettles. Admiral shell (Zoöl.), the popular nameof an ornamental cone
shell (Conus admiralis). Lord High Admiral, agreat officer of state, who (when this
rare dignity is conferred) isat the head of the naval administration of Great
Britain.
ADMIRALSHIP,The office or position oaf an admiral; also, the naval skill ofan
admiral.
ADMIRANCE,Admiration. [Obs.] Spenser.
ADMIRATIVE,Relating to or expressing admiration or wonder. [R.] Earle.
ADMIRE,To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with surprise; --sometimes with at.To
wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself. Fuller.
ADMIRER,One who admires; one who esteems or loves greatly. Cowper.
ADMIRING,Expressing admiration; as, an admiring glance.-- Ad*mir"ing*ly, adv. Shak.
ADMISSIBILITY,The quality of being admissible; admissibleness; as, theadmissibility
of evidence.
ADMISSIBLE,Entitled to be admitted, or worthy of being admitted; that maybe allowed
or conceded; allowable; as, the supposition is hardlyadmissible.--
Ad*mis"si*ble*ness, n.-- Ad*mis"si*bly, adv.
ADMISSION,Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by another,
anddistinguishable from a confession in that an admission presupposesprior inquiry
by another, but a confession may be made without suchinquiry.
ADMISSIVE,Implying an admission; tending to admit. [R.] Lamb.
ADMISSORY,Pertaining to admission.
ADMITTABLE,Admissible. Sir T. Browne.
ADMITTANCE,The act of giving possession of a copyhold estate. Bouvier.
ADMITTATUR,The certificate of admission given in some American colleges.
ADMITTER,One who admits.
ADMIX,To mingle with something else; to mix. [R.]
ADMIXTION,A mingling of different things; admixture. Glanvill.
ADMONISHER,One who admonishes.
ADMONISHMENT,Admonition. [R.] Shak.
ADMONITION,Gentle or friendly reproof; counseling against a fault orerror;
expression of authoritative advice; friendly caution orwarning.
ADMONITIONER,Admonisher. [Obs.]
ADMONITIVE,Admonitory. [R.] Barrow.-- Ad*mon"i*tive*ly, adv.
ADMONITOR,Admonisher; monitor.Conscience is at most times a very faithful and
prudent admonitor.Shenstone.
ADMONITORIAL,Admonitory. [R.] "An admonitorial tone." Dickens.
ADMONITORY,That conveys admonition; warning or reproving; as, anadmonitory
glance.-- Ad*mon"i*to*ri*ly,, adv.
ADMONITRIX,A female admonitor.
ADMORTIZATION,The reducing or lands or tenements to mortmain. See Mortmain.
ADMOVE,To move or conduct to or toward. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ADNASCENT,Growing to or on something else. "An adnascent plant." Evelyn.
ADNATE,Grown to congenitally.
ADNATION,The adhesion or cohesion of different floral verticils or setsof organs.
ADNOMINAL,Pertaining to an adnoun; adjectival; attached to a noun. Gibbs.--
Ad*nom"i*nal*ly, adv.
ADNOUN,An adjective, or attribute. [R.] Coleridge.
ADNUBILATED,Clouded; obscured. [R.]
ADOBE,An unburnt brick dried in the sun; also used as an adjective,as, an adobe
house, in Texas or New Mexico.
ADOLESCENCE,The state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood;youth,
or the period of life between puberty and maturity, generallyconsidered to be, in
the male sex, from fourteen to twenty-one.Sometimes used with reference to the
lower animals.
ADOLESCENCY,The quality of being adolescent; youthfulness.
ADOLESCENT,Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity.Schools, unless discipline
were doubly strong, Detain theiradolescent charge too long. Cowper.
ADONAI,A Hebrew name for God, usually translated in the Old Testamentby the word
"Lord".
ADONEAN,Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. "Fair Adonean Venus." Faber.
ADONIC,Relating to Adonis, famed for his beauty.-- n.
ADONIS,A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in thechase by a wild
boar.
ADONIST,One who maintains that points of the Hebrew word translated"Jehovah" are
really the vowel points of the word "Adonai." SeeJehovist.
ADONIZE,To beautify; to dandify.I employed three good hours at least in adjusting
and adonozingmyself. Smollett.
ADOPTABLE,Capable of being adopted.
ADOPTED,Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an adopted son,citizen,
country, word.-- A*dopt"ed*ly, adv.
ADOPTER,A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one ofwhich admits the
neck of a retort, and the other is joined to anotherreceiver. It is used in
distillations, to give more space to elasticvapors, to increase the length of the
neck of a retort, or to unitetwo vessels whose openings have different diameters.
[Written alsoadapter.]
ADOPTIONIST,One of a sect which maintained that Christ was the Son of Godnot by
nature but by adoption.
ADOPTIOUS,Adopted. [Obs.]
ADOPTIVE,Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted toadopt; as,
an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive language.-- A*dopt"ive*ly, adv.
ADORABILITY,Adorableness.
ADORABLENESS,The quality of being adorable, or worthy of adoration. Johnson.
ADORABLY,In an adorable manner.
ADORE,To adorn. [Obs.]Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. Spenser.
ADOREMENT,The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ADORER,One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly;an ardent
admirer. "An adorer of truth." Clarendon.I profess myself her adorer, not her
friend. Shak.
ADORINGLY,With adoration.
ADORN,To deck or dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off toadvantage; to
render pleasing or attractive.As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Isa.
lxi. 10.At church, with meek and unaffected grace, His looks adorned thevenerable
place. Goldsmith.
ADORNATION,Adornment. [Obs.]
ADORNER,He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier.
ADORNINGLY,By adorning; decoratively.
ADORNMENT,An adorning; an ornament; a decoration.
ADOSCULATION,Impregnation by external contact, without intromission.
ADOWN,From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or onthe ground.
[Archaic] "Thrice did she sink adown." Spenser.
ADPRESS,See Appressed.-- Ad*pressed",, a.
ADRAD,Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ADRAGANT,Gum tragacanth. Brande & C.
ADREAD,To dread. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
ADREAMED,Visited by a dream; -- used in the phrase, To be adreamed, todream. [Obs.]
ADRENAL,Suprarenal.
ADRIAN,Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as, Adrian billows.
ADRIATIC,Of or pertaining to a sea so named, the northwestern part ofwhich is known
as the Gulf of Venice.
ADRIFT,Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy ofwind and waves.
Also fig.So on the sea shall be set adrift. Dryden.Were from their daily labor
turned adrift. Wordsworth.
ADRIP,In a dripping state; as, leaves all adrip. D. G. Mitchell.
ADROGATE,To adopt (a person who is his own master).
ADROGATION,A kind of adoption in ancient Rome. See Arrogation.
ADROIT,Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of themental faculties;
exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding dangeror escaping difficulty; ready in
invention or execution; -- appliedto persons and to acts; as, an adroit mechanic,
an adroit reply."Adroit in the application of the telescope and quadrant."
Horsley."He was adroit in intrigue." Macaulay.
ADROITLY,In an adroit manner.
ADROITNESS,The quality of being adroit; skill and readiness; dexterity.Adroitness
was as requisite as courage. Motley.
ADRY,In a dry or thirsty condition. "A man that is adry." Burton.
ADSCITITIOUS,Supplemental; additional; adventitious; ascititious."Adscititious
evidence." Bowring.-- Ad`sci*ti"tious*ly, adv.
ADSCRIPT,Held to service as attached to the soil; -- said of feudalserfs.
ADSCRIPTIVE,Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferablewith it.
Brougham.
ADSIGNIFICATION,Additional signification. [R.] Tooke.
ADSIGNIFY,To denote additionally. [R.] Tooke.
ADSTRICT,See Astrict, and Astriction.
ADSTRICTORY,See Astrictory.
ADSTRINGENT,See Astringent.
ADSUKI BEAN,A cultivated variety of the Asiatic gram, now introduced intothe United
States.
ADULARIA,A transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, ororthoclase,
which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; --called by lapidaries moonstone.
ADULATE,To flatter in a servile way. Byron.
ADULATION,Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is merited.Think'st
thou the fiery fever will go out With titles blown fromadulation Shak.
ADULATOR,A servile or hypocritical flatterer. Carlyle.
ADULATORY,Containing excessive praise or compliment; servilely praising;flattering;
as, an adulatory address.A mere rant of adulatory freedom. Burke.
ADULATRESS,A woman who flatters with servility.
ADULT,Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength;matured; as, an
adult person or plant; an adult ape; an adult age.
ADULTER,To commit adultery; to pollute. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
ADULTERANT,That which is used to adulterate anything.-- a. Adulterating; as,
adulterant agents and processes.
ADULTERATE,To commit adultery. [Obs.]
ADULTERATOR,One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.] Cudworth.
ADULTERER,A man who violates his religious covenant. Jer. ix. 2.
ADULTERESS,A woman who violates her religious engagements. James iv. 4.
ADULTERINE,Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious;without the
support of law; illegal.When any particular class of artificers or traders thought
proper toact as a corporation without a charter, such were called adulterineguilds.
Adam Smith.
ADULTERIZE,To commit adultery. Milton.
ADULTEROUSLY,In an adulterous manner.
ADULTERY,The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery.
ADULTNESS,The state of being adult.
ADUMBRANT,Giving a faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing forth.
ADUMBRATION,The shadow or outlines of a figure.
ADUMBRATIVE,Faintly representing; typical. Carlyle.
ADUNATION,A uniting; union. Jer. Taylor.
ADUNCITY,Curvature inwards; hookedness.The aduncity of the beaks of hawks. Pope.
ADUNCOUS,Curved inwards; hooked.
ADURE,To burn up. [Obs.] Bacon.
ADUROL,Either of two compounds, a chlorine derivative and brominederivative, of
hydroquinone, used as developers.
ADUST,Having much heat in the constitution and little serum in theblood. [Obs.]
Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; gloomy.
ADUSTED,Burnt; adust. [Obs.] Howell.
ADUSTIBLE,That may be burnt. [Obs.]
ADUSTION,Cauterization. Buchanan.
ADVANCE,Before in place, or beforehand in time; -- used for advanced;as, an advance
guard, or that before the main guard or body of anarmy; advance payment, or that
made before it is due; advance proofs,advance sheets, pages of a forthcoming
volume, received in advance ofthe time of publication.
ADVANCEMENT,Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in advance of afuture
distribution.
ADVANCING EDGE,The front edge (in direction of motion) of a supportingsurface; --
contr. with following edge, which is the rear edge.
ADVANCING SURFACE,The first of two or more surfaces arranged in tandem; --
contr.with following surface, which is the rear surface.
ADVANCIVE,Tending to advance. [R.]
ADVANTAGE,To give an advantage to; to further; to promote; to benefit; toprofit.The
truth is, the archbishop's own stiffness and averseness to complywith the court
designs, advantaged his adversaries against him.Fuller.What is a man advantaged, if
he gain the whole world, and losehimself, or be cast away Luke ix. 25.To advantage
one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.]
ADVANTAGEABLE,Advantageous. [Obs.]
ADVANTAGEOUS,Being of advantage; conferring advantage; gainful; profitable;useful;
beneficial; as, an advantageous position; trade isadvantageous to a
nation.Advabtageous comparison with any other country. Prescott.You see . . . of
what use a good reputation is, and how swift andadvantageous a harbinger it is,
wherever one goes. Chesterfield.
ADVANTAGEOUSLY,Profitably; with advantage.
ADVANTAGEOUSNESS,Profitableness.
ADVENE,To accede, or come (to); to be added to something or become apart of it,
though not essential. [R.]Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient.
Coleridge.
ADVENIENT,Coming from outward causes; superadded. [Obs.]
ADVENT,The period including the four Sundays before Christmas. AdventSunday
(Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of Advent, beingalways the nearest Sunday
to the feast of St. Andrew (Now. 30).Shipley.
ADVENTIST,One of a religious body, embracing several branches, who lookfor the
proximate personal coming of Christ; -- called also SecondAdventists. Schaff-Herzog
Encyc.
ADVENTITIOUS,Out of the proper or usual place; as, adventitious buds orroots.
ADVENTIVE,Adventitious. Gray.
ADVENTUAL,Relating to the season of advent. Sanderson.
ADVENTURE,To try the chance; to take the risk.I would adventure for such
merchandise. Shak.
ADVENTUREFUL,Given to adventure.
ADVENTURESOME,Full of risk; adventurous; venturesome.-- Ad*ven"ture*some*ness, n.
ADVENTURESS,A female adventurer; a woman who tries to gain position byequivocal
means.
ADVENTUROUSLY,In an adventurous manner; venturesomely; boldly; daringly.
ADVENTUROUSNESS,The quality or state of being adventurous; daring;venturesomeness.
ADVERB,A word used to modify the sense of a verb, participle,adjective, or other
adverb, and usually placed near it; as, he writeswell; paper extremely white.
ADVERBIAL,Of or pertaining to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as,an
adverbial phrase or form.
ADVERBIALITY,The quality of being adverbial. Earle.
ADVERBIALIZE,To give the force or form of an adverb to.
ADVERBIALLY,In the manner of an adverb.
ADVERSARIA,A miscellaneous collection of notes, remarks, or selections;
acommonplace book; also, commentaries or notes.These parchments are supposed to
have been St. Paul's adversaria. Bp.Bull.
ADVERSARIOUS,Hostile. [R.] Southey.
ADVERSARY,One who is turned against another or others with a design tooppose
ADVERSATIVE,Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as, anadversative
conjunction (but, however, yet, etc. ); an adversativeforce.-- Ad*ver"sa*tive*ly,
adv.
ADVERSE,To oppose; to resist. [Obs.] Gower.
ADVERSELY,In an adverse manner; inimically; unfortunately; contrariwise.
ADVERSENESS,The quality or state of being adverse; opposition.
ADVERSION,A turning towards; attention. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
ADVERT,To turn the mind or attention; to refer; to take heed ornotice; -- with to;
as, he adverted to what was said.I may again advert to the distinction. Owen.
ADVERTENT,Attentive; heedful; regardful. Sir M. Hale.-- Ad*vert"ent*ly, adv.
ADVERTISE,To give notice to; to inform or apprise; to notify; to makeknown; hence,
to warn; -- often followed by of before the subject ofinformation; as, to advertise
a man of his loss. [Archaic]I will advertise thee what this people shall do. Num.
xxiv. 14.
ADVERTISER,One who, or that which, advertises.
ADVICE,Counseling to perform a specific illegal act. Wharton. Adviceboat, a vessel
employed to carry dispatches or to reconnoiter; adispatch boat.-- To take advice.
(a) To accept advice. (b) To consult with anotheror others.
ADVISABILITY,The quality of being advisable; advisableness.
ADVISABLE-NESS,The quality of being advisable or expedient;
expediency;advisability.
ADVISABLY,With advice; wisely.
ADVISEDNESS,Deliberate consideration; prudent procedure; caution.
ADVISER,One who advises.
ADVISERSHIP,The office of an adviser. [R.]
ADVISO,Advice; counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat.[Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
ADVISORY,Having power to advise; containing advice; as, an advisorycouncil; their
opinion is merely advisory.The General Association has a general advisory
superintendence overall the ministers and churches. Trumbull.
ADVOCACY,The act of pleading for or supporting; work of advocating;intercession.
ADVOCATE,To plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a tribunalor the
public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.To advocate the cause of thy
client. Bp. Sanderson (1624).This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has
beenadvocated. Burke.Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause. Mitford.
ADVOCATESHIP,Office or duty of an advocate.
ADVOCATION,The process of removing a cause from an inferior court to thesupreme
court. Bell.
ADVOCATORY,Of or pertaining to an advocate. [R.]
ADVOKE,To summon; to call. [Obs.]Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the
pope to advoke thecause to Rome. Fuller.
ADVOLUTION,A rolling toward something. [R.]
ADVOUTRER,An adulterer. [Obs.]
ADVOUTRESS,An adulteress. [Obs.] Bacon.
ADVOWEE,One who has an advowson. Cowell.
ADVOWSON,The right of presenting to a vacant benefice or living in thechurch.
[Originally, the relation of a patron (advocatus) orprotector of a benefice, and
thus privileged to nominate or presentto it.]
ADVOYER,See Avoyer. [Obs.]
ADWARD,Award. [Obs.] Spenser.
ADYNAMIA,Considerable debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid fever.Dunglison.
ADYNAMIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, debility of the vitalpowers; weak.
ADYNAMY,Adynamia. [R.] Morin.
ADYTUM,The innermost sanctuary or shrine in ancient temples, whenceoracles were
given. Hence: A private chamber; a sanctum.
ADZ,To cut with an adz. [R.] Carlyle.
AE,A diphthong in the Latin language; used also by the Saxonwriters. It answers to
the Gr. æ was generally replaced by a, thelong e or ee. In derivatives from Latin
words with ae, it is mostlysuperseded by e. For most words found with this initial
combination,the reader will therefore search under the letter E.
AECIDIUM,A form of fruit in the cycle of development of the Rusts orBrands, an
order of fungi, formerly considered independent plants.
AEDILE,A magistrate in ancient Rome, who had the superintendence ofpublic
buildings, highways, shows, etc.; hence, a municipal officer.
AEDILESHIP,The office of an ædile. T. Arnold.
AEGEAN,Of or pertaining to the sea, or arm of the Mediterranean sea,east of Greece.
See Archipelago.
AEGICRANIA,Sculptured ornaments, used in classical architecture,representing rams'
heads or skulls.
AEGILOPS,An ulcer or fistula in the inner corner of the eye.
AEGIS,A shield or protective armor; -- applied in mythology to theshield of Jupiter
which he gave to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; aprotection.
AEGOPHONY,Same as Egophony.
AEGROTAT,A medical certificate that a student is ill.
AENEID,The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is Æneas.
AENEOUS,Colored like bronze.
AEOLIC,Æolian, 1; as, the Æolic dialect; the Æolic mode.
AEOLOTROPIC,Exhibiting differences of quality or property in differentdirections;
not isotropic. Sir W. Thomson.
AEOLOTROPY,Difference of quality or property in different directions.
AEOLUS,The god of the winds.
AEON,A period of immeasurable duration; also, an emanation of theDeity. See Eon.
AEONIAN,Eternal; everlasting. "Æonian hills." Tennyson.
AEPYORNIS,A gigantic bird found fossil in Madagascar.
AERATE,To expose to the chemical action of air; to oxygenate (theblood) by
respiration; to arterialize. Aërated bread, bread raised bycharging dough with
carbonic acid gas, instead of generating the gasin the dough by fermentation.
AERATION,A change produced in the blood by exposure to the air inrespiration;
oxygenation of the blood in respiration;arterialization.
AERATOR,That which supplies with air; esp. an apparatus used forcharging mineral
waters with gas and in making soda water.
AERIAL SICKNESS,A sickness felt by aëronauts due to high speed of flights
andrapidity in changing altitudes, combining some symptoms of mountainsickness and
some of seasickness.
AERIALITY,The state of being aërial; [R.] De Quincey.
AERIALLY,Like, or from, the air; in an aërial manner. "A murmur heardaërially."
Tennyson.
AERIE,The nest of a bird of prey, as of an eagle or hawk; also abrood of such
birds; eyrie. Shak. Also fig.: A human residence orresting place perched like an
eagle's nest.
AERIFEROUS,Conveying or containing air; air-bearing; as, the windpipe isan
aëriferous tube.
AERIFORM,Having the form or nature of air, or of an elastic fluid;gaseous. Hence
fig.: Unreal.
AERO-,The combining form of the Greek word meaning air.
AEROBIC,Growing or thriving only in the presence of oxygen; also,pertaining to, or
induced by, aërobies; as, aërobic fermentation. --A`ër*o"bic*al*ly (#), adv.
AEROBIES,Microörganisms which live in contact with the air and needoxygen for their
growth; as the microbacteria which form on thesurface of putrefactive fluids.
AEROBIOTIC,Related to, or of the nature of, aërobies; as, aërobioticplants, which
live only when supplied with free oxygen.
AEROBOAT,A form of hydro-aëroplane; a flying boat.
AEROBUS,An aëroplane or airship designed to carry passengers.
AEROCLUB,A club or association of persons interested in aëronautics.
AEROCURVE,A modification of the aëroplane, having curved surfaces, theadvantages of
which were first demonstrated by Lilienthal.
AEROCYST,One of the air cells of algals.
AERODONETICS,The science of gliding and soaring flight.
AERODYNAMIC,Pertaining to the force of air in motion.
AERODYNAMICS,The science which treats of the air and other gaseous bodiesunder the
action of force, and of their mechanical effects.
AEROFOIL,A plane or arched surface for sustaining bodies by its movementthrough the
air; a spread wing, as of a bird.
AEROGNOSY,The science which treats of the properties of the air, and ofthe part it
plays in nature. Craig.
AEROGRAPHER,One versed in aëography: an aërologist.
AEROGRAPHY,A description of the air or atmosphere; aërology.
AEROGUN,A cannon capable of being trained at very high angles for useagainst
aircraft.
AEROHYDRODYNAMIC,Acting by the force of air and water; as, an
aërohydrodynamicwheel.
AEROLITE,A stone, or metallic mass, which has fallen to the earth fromdistant
space; a meteorite; a meteoric stone.
AEROLITH,Same as A.
AEROLITHOLOGY,The science of aërolites.
AEROLITIC,Of or pertaining to aërolites; meteoric; as, aërolitic iron.Booth.
AEROLOGIST,One versed in aërology.
AEROLOGY,That department of physics which treats of the atmosphere.
AEROMANCY,Divination from the state of the air or from atmosphericsubstances; also,
forecasting changes in the weather.
AEROMECHANIC,A mechanic or mechanician expert in the art and practice
ofaëronautics.
AEROMECHANICS,The science of equilibrium and motion of air or an aëriformfluid,
including aërodynamics and aërostatics.
AEROMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air andgases.
AEROMETRIC,Of or pertaining to aërometry; as, aërometric investigations.
AEROMETRY,The science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of itspressure,
elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; pneumatics.
AERONAT,A dirigible balloon.
AERONAUT,An aërial navigator; a balloonist.
AERONAUTICS,The science or art of ascending and sailing in the air, as bymeans of a
balloon; aërial navigation; ballooning.
AERONEF,A power-driven, heavier-than-air flying machine.
AEROPHYTE,A plant growing entirely in the air, and receiving itsnourishment from
it; an air plant or epiphyte.
AEROPLANE,A flying machine, or a small plane for experiments on flying,which floats
in the air only when propelled through it.
AEROPLANIST,One who flies in an aëroplane.
AEROSCOPE,An apparatus designed for collecting spores, germs, bacteria,etc.,
suspended in the air.
AEROSCOPY,The observation of the state and variations of the atmosphere.
AEROSE,Of the nature of, or like, copper; brassy. [R.]
AEROSIDERITE,A mass of meteoric iron.
AEROSPHERE,The atmosphere. [R.]
AEROSTATICS,The science that treats of the equilibrium of elastic fluids,or that of
bodies sustained in them. Hence it includes aëronautics.
AEROTAXIS,The positive or negative stimulus exerted by oxygen on aërobicand
anaërobic bacteria. -- A`ër*o*tac"tic (#), a.
AEROTHERAPENTICS,Treatment of disease by the use of air or other gases.
AEROYACHT,A form of hydro-aëroplane; a flying boat.
AERUGINOUS,Of the nature or color of verdigris, or the rust of copper.
AERUGO,The rust of any metal, esp. of brass or copper; verdigris.
AERY,An aerie.
AESCULAPIAN,Pertaining to Æsculapius or to the healing art; medical;medicinal.
AESCULAPIUS,The god of medicine. Hence, a physician.
AESCULIN,Same as Esculin.
AESIR,In the old Norse mythology, the gods Odin, Thor, Loki, Balder,Frigg, and the
others. Their home was called Asgard.
AESTHESIA,Perception by the senses; feeling; -- the opposite ofanæsthesia.
AESTHESIS,Sensuous perception. [R.] Ruskin.
AESTHESODIC,Conveying sensory or afferent impulses; -- said of nerves.
AESTHETE,One who makes much or overmuch of æsthetics. [Recent]
AESTHETICAN,One versed in æsthetics.
AESTHETICISM,The doctrine of æsthetics; æsthetic principles; devotion to
thebeautiful in nature and art. Lowell.
AESTHO-PHYSIOLOGY,The science of sensation in relation to nervous action.
H.Spenser.
AESTIVAL,Of or belonging to the summer; as, æstival diseases. [Speltalso estival.]
AESTIVATE,To pass the summer in a state of torpor. [Spelt also estivate.]
AESTIVATION,The state of torpidity induced by the heat and dryness ofsummer, as in
certain snails; -- opposed to hibernation.
AESTUARY,See Estuary.
AESTUOUS,Glowing; agitated, as with heat.
AETHEOGAMOUS,Propagated in an unusual way; cryptogamous.
AETHER,See Ether.
AETHIOPS MINERAL,Same as Ethiops mineral. [Obs.]
AETHOGEN,A compound of nitrogen and boro
AETHRIOSCOPE,An instrument consisting in part of a differential thermometer.It is
used for measuring changes of temperature produced by differentconditions of the
sky, as when clear or clouded.
AETIOLOGICAL,Pertaining to ætiology; assigning a cause.-- Æ`ti*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
AETITES,See Eaglestone.
AFAR,At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used withfrom preceding,
or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I sawhim afar off.The steep where
Fame's proud temple shines afar. Beattie.
AFEARD,Afraid. [Obs.]Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises. Shak.
AFER,The southwest wind. Milton.
AFFABILITY,The quality of being affable; readiness to converse;courteousness in
receiving others and in conversation; complaisantbehavior.Affability is of a
wonderful efficacy or power in procuring love.Elyot
AFFABLENESS,Affability.
AFFABLY,In an affable manner; courteously.
AFFABROUS,Executed in a workmanlike manner; ingeniously made. [R.]Bailey.
AFFAIR,An action or engagement not of sufficient magnitude to becalled a battle.
AFFAMISH,To afflict with, or perish from, hunger. [Obs.] Spenser.
AFFAMISHMENT,Starvation. Bp. Hall.
AFFATUATE,To infatuate. [Obs.] Milton.
AFFEAR,To frighten. [Obs.] Spenser.
AFFECT,Affection; inclination; passion; feeling; disposition. [Obs.]Shak.
AFFECTATIONIST,One who exhibits affectation. [R.] Fitzed. Hall.
AFFECTED,Made up of terms involving different powers of the unknownquantity;
adfected; as, an affected equation.
AFFECTEDNESS,Affectation.
AFFECTER,One who affects, assumes, pretends, or strives after."Affecters of wit."
Abp. Secker.
AFFECTIBILITY,The quality or state of being affectible. [R.]
AFFECTIBLE,That may be affected. [R.]Lay aside the absolute, and, by union with the
creaturely, becomeaffectible. Coleridge.
AFFECTINGLY,In an affecting manner; is a manner to excite emotions.
AFFECTION,Disease; morbid symptom; malady; as, a pulmonary affection.Dunglison.
AFFECTIONAL,Of or pertaining to the affections; as, affectional impulses;an
affectional nature.
AFFECTIONATED,Disposed; inclined. [Obs.]Affectionated to the people. Holinshed.
AFFECTIONATELY,With affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly.
AFFECTIONATENESS,The quality of being affectionate; fondness; affection.
AFFECTIVELY,In an affective manner; impressively; emotionally.
AFFECTUOUS,Full of passion or emotion; earnest. [Obs.] --Af*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv.
[Obs.] Fabyan.
AFFEER,To assess or reduce, as an arbitrary penalty or amercement, toa certain and
reasonable sum.Amercements . . . were affeered by the judges. Blackstone.
AFFEERMENT,The act of affeering. Blackstone.
AFFERENT,Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ; -- opposed toefferent;
as, afferent vessels; afferent nerves, which conveysensations from the external
organs to the brain.
AFFETTUOSO,With feeling.
AFFIANCER,One who makes a contract of marriage between two persons.
AFFIANT,One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.] Burrill.
AFFICHE,A written or printed notice to be posted, as on a wall; aposter; a placard.
AFFIDAVIT,A sworn statement in writing; a declaration in writing, signedand made
upon oath before an authorized magistrate. Bouvier. Burrill.
AFFILE,To polish. [Obs.]
AFFILIABLE,Capable of being affiliated to or on, or connected with inorigin.
AFFILIATE,To connect or associate one's self; -- followed by with; as,they
affiliate with no party.
AFFILIATION,The establishment or ascertaining of parentage; the assignmentof a
child, as a bastard, to its father; filiation.
AFFINAL,Related by marriage; from the same source.
AFFINE,To refine. [Obs.] Holland.
AFFINED,Joined in affinity or by any tie. [Obs.] "All affined and kin."Shak.
AFFINITATIVE,Of the nature of affinity.-- Af*fin"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.
AFFINITIVE,Closely connected, as by affinity.
AFFINITY,That attraction which takes place, at an insensible distance,between the
heterogeneous particles of bodies, and unites them toform chemical compounds;
chemism; chemical or elective affinity orattraction.
AFFIRM,to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, broughtbefore an
appelate court for review.
AFFIRMABLE,Capable of being affirmed, asserted, or declared; -- followedby of; as,
an attribute affirmable of every just man.
AFFIRMANT,One who affirms of taking an oath.
AFFIRMATION,A solemn declaration made under the penalties of perjury, bypersons who
conscientiously decline taking an oath, which declarationis in law equivalent to an
oath. Bouvier.
AFFIRMATIVE,Expressing the agreement of the two terms of a proposition.
AFFIRMATIVELY,In an affirmative manner; on the affirmative side of aquestion; in
the affirmative; -- opposed to negatively.
AFFIRMATORY,Giving affirmation; assertive; affirmative. Massey.
AFFIRMER,One who affirms.
AFFIX,That which is affixed; an appendage; esp. one or more lettersor syllables
added at the end of a word; a suffix; a postfix.
AFFIXION,Affixture. [Obs.] T. Adams.
AFFIXTURE,The act of affixing, or the state of being affixed; attachment.
AFFLATION,A blowing or breathing on; inspiration.
AFFLICT,Afflicted. [Obs.] Becon.
AFFLICTEDNESS,The state of being afflicted; affliction. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
AFFLICTER,One who afflicts.
AFFLICTING,Grievously painful; distressing; afflictive; as, an afflictingevent.--
Af*flict"ing*ly, adv.
AFFLICTIONLESS,Free from affliction.
AFFLICTIVE,Giving pain; causing continued or repeated pain or grief;distressing.
"Jove's afflictive hand." Pope.Spreads slow disease, and darts afflictive pain.
Prior.
AFFLICTIVELY,In an afflictive manner.
AFFLUENCY,Affluence. [Obs.] Addison.
AFFLUENT,A stream or river flowing into a larger river or into a lake; atributary
stream.
AFFLUENTLY,Abundantly; copiously.
AFFLUENTNESS,Great plenty. [R.]
AFFLUX,A flowing towards; that which flows to; as, an afflux of bloodto the head.
AFFLUXION,The act of flowing towards; afflux. Sir T. Browne.
AFFODILL,Asphodel. [Obs.]
AFFORCE,To reënforce; to strengthen. Hallam.
AFFORCIAMENT,See Afforcement. [Obs.]
AFFORDABLE,That may be afforded.
AFFORDMENT,Anything given as a help; bestowal. [Obs.]
AFFOREST,To convert into a forest; as, to afforest a tract of country.
AFFORESTATION,The act of converting into forest or woodland. Blackstone.
AFFORMATIVE,An affix.
AFFRANCHISE,To make free; to enfranchise. Johnson.
AFFRANCHISEMENT,The act of making free; enfranchisement. [R.]
AFFRAP,To strike, or strike down. [Obs.] Spenser.
AFFRAY,The fighting of two or more persons, in a public place, to theterror of
others. Blackstone.
AFFRAYER,One engaged in an affray.
AFFRAYMENT,Affray. [Obs.] Spenser.
AFFREIGHT,To hire, as a ship, for the transportation of goods or freight.
AFFREIGHTER,One who hires or charters a ship to convey goods.
AFFREIGHTMENT,The act of hiring, or the contract for the use of, a vessel, orsome
part of it, to convey cargo.
AFFRET,A furious onset or attack. [Obs.] Spenser.
AFFRICATE,A combination of a stop, or explosive, with an immediatelyfollowing
fricative or spirant of corresponding organic position, aspf in german Pfeffer,
pepper, z (= ts) in German Zeit, time.
AFFRICTION,The act of rubbing against. [Obs.]
AFFRIENDED,Made friends; reconciled. [Obs.] "Deadly foes . . .affriended." Spenser.
AFFRIGHT,To impress with sudden fear; to frighten; to alarm.Dreams affright our
souls. Shak.A drear and dying sound Affrights the flamens at their servicequaint.
Milton.
AFFRIGHTEDLY,With fright. Drayton.
AFFRIGHTEN,To frighten. [Archaic] "Fit tales . . . to affrighten babes."Southey.
AFFRIGHTER,One who frightens. [Archaic]
AFFRIGHTFUL,Terrifying; frightful.-- Af*fright"ful*ly, adv. [Archaic]Bugbears or
affrightful apparitions. Cudworth.
AFFRIGHTMENT,Affright; the state of being frightened; sudden fear or alarm.
[Archaic]Passionate words or blows . . . fill the child's mind with terror
andaffrightment. Locke.
AFFRONTE,Face to face, or front to front; facing.
AFFRONTEDLY,Shamelessly. [Obs.] Bacon.
AFFRONTEE,One who receives an affront. Lytton.
AFFRONTER,One who affronts, or insults to the face.
AFFRONTINGLY,In an affronting manner.
AFFRONTIVE,Tending to affront or offend; offensive; abusive.How affrontive it is to
despise mercy. South.
AFFRONTIVENESS,The quality that gives an affront or offense. [R.] Bailey.
AFFUSE,To pour out or upon. [R.]I first affused water upon the compressed beans.
Boyle.
AFFUSION,The act of pouring upon, or sprinkling with a liquid, as waterupon a child
in baptism. Specifically: (Med)
AFFY,To trust or confide. [Obs.] Shak.
AFGHAN,Of or pertaining to Afghanistan.
AFIRE,On fire.
AFLAME,Inflames; glowing with light or passion; ablaze. G. Eliot.
AFLAT,Level with the ground; flat. [Obs.] Bacon.
AFLAUNT,In a flaunting state or position. Copley.
AFLICKER,In a flickering state.
AFLOW,Flowing.Their founts aflow with tears. R. Browning.
AFLUSH,In a flushed or blushing state.
AFLUTTER,In a flutter; agitated.
AFOAM,In a foaming state; as, the sea is all afoam.
AFORE,In the fore part of a vessel.
AFORECITED,Named or quoted before.
AFOREGOING,Going before; foregoing.
AFOREHAND,Beforehand; in anticipation. [Archaic or Dial.]She is come aforehand to
anoint my body. Mark xiv. 8.
AFOREMENTIONED,Previously mentioned; before-mentioned. Addison.
AFORENAMED,Named before. Peacham.
AFORESAID,Said before, or in a preceding part; already described oridentified.
AFORETHOUGHT,Premeditated; prepense; previously in mind; designed; as,malice
aforethought, which is required to constitute murder. Bouvier.
AFORETIME,In time past; formerly. "He prayed . . . as he did aforetime."Dan. vi.
10.
AFOUL,In collision; entangled. Totten. To run afoul of, to runagainst or come into
collision with, especially so as to becomeentangled or to cause injury.
AFRAID,Impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear; apprehensive.[Afraid comes
after the noun it limits.] "Back they recoiled,afraid." Milton.
AFREET,Same as Afrit.
AFRESH,Anew; again; once more; newly.They crucify . . . the Son of God afresh. Heb.
vi. 6.
AFRIC,African.-- n.
AFRICAN,Of or pertaining to Africa. African hemp, a fiber prerared fromthe leaves
of the Sanseviera Guineensis, a plant found in Africa andIndia.-- African marigold,
a tropical American plant (Tagetes erecta).-- African oak or African teak, a timber
furnished by OldfieldiaAfricana, used in ship building. African violet African-
American, aUnited States citizen of African descent.
AFRICANDER,One born in Africa, the offspring of a white father and a"colored"
mother. Also, and now commonly in Southern Africa, a nativeborn of European
settlers.
AFRICANISM,A word, phrase, idiom, or custom peculiar to Africa orAfricans. "The
knotty Africanisms . . . of the fathers." Milton.
AFRICANIZE,To place under the domination of Africans or negroes. [Amer.]Bartlett.
AFRONT,In front; face to face.-- prep. In front of. Shak.
AFT,Near or towards the stern of a vessel; astern; abaft.
AFTER DAMP,An irrespirable gas, remaining after an explosion of fire dampin mines;
choke damp. See Carbonic acid.
AFTER,To ward the stern of the ship; -- applied to any object in therear part of a
vessel; as the after cabin, after hatchway.
AFTER-DINNER,The time just after dinner. "An after-dinner's sleep." Shak.[Obs.] --
a.
AFTER-EATAGE,Aftergrass.
AFTER-GLOW,A glow of refulgence in the western sky after sunset.
AFTER-IMAGE,The impression of a vivid sensation retained by the retina ofthe eye
after the cause has been removed; also extended toimpressions left of tones,
smells, etc.
AFTER-MENTIONED,Mentioned afterwards; as, persons after-mentioned (in awriting).
AFTER-NOTE,One of the small notes occur on the unaccented parts of themeasure,
taking their time from the preceding note.
AFTER-SAILS,The sails on the mizzenmast, or on the stays between themainmast and
mizzenmast. Totten.
AFTER-WIT,Wisdom or perception that comes after it can be of use. "After-wit comes
too late when the mischief is done." L'Estrange.
AFTER-WITTED,Characterized by afterwit; slow-witted. Tyndale.
AFTERBIRTH,The placenta and membranes with which the fetus is connected,and which
come away after delivery.
AFTERCAST,A throw of dice after the game in ended; hence, anything donetoo late.
Gower.
AFTERCLAP,An unexpected subsequent event; something disagreeablehappening after an
affair is supposed to be at an end. Spenser.
AFTERCROP,A second crop or harvest in the same year. Mortimer.
AFTEREYE,To look after. [Poetic] Shak.
AFTERGAME,A second game; hence, a subsequent scheme or expedient. Wotton.Aftergame
at Irish, an ancient game very nearly resemblingbackgammon. Beau. & Fl.
AFTERGRASS,The grass that grows after the first crop has been mown;aftermath.
AFTERGROWTH,A second growth or crop, or (metaphorically) development. J. S.Mill.
AFTERGUARD,The seaman or seamen stationed on the poop or after part of theship, to
attend the after-sails. Totten.
AFTERINGS,The last milk drawn in milking; strokings. [Obs.] Grose.
AFTERMATH,A second moving; the grass which grows after the first crop ofhay in the
same season; rowen. Holland.
AFTERMOST,Nearest the stern; most aft.
AFTERNOON,The part of the day which follows noon, between noon andevening.
AFTERPAINS,The pains which succeed childbirth, as in expelling theafterbirth.
AFTERPIECE,The heel of a rudder.
AFTERSENSATION,A sensation or sense impression following the removal of astimulus
producing a primary sensation, and reproducing the primarysensation in positive,
negative, or complementary form. Theaftersensation may be continuous with the
primary sensation or followit after an interval.
AFTERSHAFT,The hypoptilum.
AFTERTASTE,A taste which remains in the mouth after eating or drinking.
AFTERTHOUGHT,Reflection after an act; later or subsequent thought orexpedient.
AFTERWISE,Wise after the event; wise or knowing, when it is too late.
AFTMOST,Nearest the stern.
AFTWARD,Toward the stern.
AGAIN,Against; also, towards (in order to meet). [Obs.]Albeit that it is again his
kind. Chaucer.
AGAINBUY,To redeem. [Obs.] Wyclif.
AGAINSAY,To gainsay. [Obs.] Wyclif.
AGAINSTAND,To withstand. [Obs.]
AGAINWARD,Back again. [Obs.]
AGAL-AGAL,Same as Agar-agar.
AGALACTOUS,Lacking milk to suckle with.
AGALMATOLITE,A soft, compact stone, of a grayish, greenish, or yellowishcolor,
carved into images by the Chinese, and hence called figurestone, and pagodite. It
is probably a variety of pinite.
AGAMA,A genus of lizards, one of the few which feed upon vegetablesubstances; also,
one of these lizards.
AGAMI,A South American bird (Psophia crepitans), allied to thecranes, and easily
domesticated; -- called also the gold-breastedtrumpeter. Its body is about the size
of the pheasant. See Trumpeter.
AGAMICALLY,In an agamic manner.
AGAMIST,An unmarried person; also, one opposed to marriage. Foxe.
AGAMOGENESIS,Reproduction without the union of parents of distinct sexes:asexual
reproduction.
AGAMOGENETIC,Reproducing or produced without sexual union.--
Ag`a*mo*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.All known agamogenetic processes end in a complete
return to theprimitive stock. Huxley.
AGAMOUS,Having no visible sexual organs; asexual. In Bot.,cryptogamous.
AGANGLIONIC,Without ganglia.
AGAPE,Gaping, as with wonder, expectation, or eager attention.Dazzles the crowd and
sets them all agape. Milton.
AGAR-AGAR,A fucus or seaweed much used in the East for soups and jellies;Ceylon
moss (Gracilaria lichenoides).
AGARIC,A fungus of the genus Agaricus, of many species, of which thecommon mushroom
is an example.
AGASP,In a state of gasping. Coleridge.
AGAST,See Aghast.
AGASTRIC,Having to stomach, or distinct digestive canal, as thetapeworm.
AGATE,On the way; agoing; as, to be agate; to set the bells agate.[Obs.] Cotgrave.
AGATIFEROUS,Containing or producing agates. Craig.
AGATINE,Pertaining to, or like, agate.
AGATIZE,To convert into agate; to make resemble agate. Dana.
AGATY,Of the nature of agate, or containing agate.
AGAVE,A genus of plants (order Amaryllidaceæ) of which the chiefspecies is the
maguey or century plant (A. Americana), wrongly calledAloe. It is from ten to
seventy years, according to climate, inattaining maturity, when it produces a
gigantic flower stem,sometimes forty feet in height, and perishes. The fermented
juice isthe pulque of the Mexicans; distilled, it yields mescal. A strongthread and
a tough paper are made from the leaves, and the wood hasmany uses.
AGAZED,Gazing with astonishment; amazed. [Obs.]The whole army stood agazed on him.
Shak.
AGE,To grow aged; to become old; to show marks of age; as, he grewfat as he
aged.They live one hundred and thirty years, and never age for all that.Holland.I
am aging; that is, I have a whitish, or rather a light-colored,hair here and there.
Landor.
AGEDLY,In the manner of an aged person.
AGEDNESS,The quality of being aged; oldness.Custom without truth is but agedness of
error. Milton.
AGELESS,Without old age limits of duration; as, fountains of agelessyouth.
AGEN,See Again. [Obs.]
AGEND,See Agendum. [Obs.]
AGENESIC,Characterized by sterility; infecund.
AGENESIS,Any imperfect development of the body, or any anomaly oforganization.
AGENNESIS,Impotence; sterility.
AGENT,Actingpatient, or sustaining, action. [Archaic] "The bodyagent." Bacon.
AGENTIAL,Of or pertaining to an agent or an agency. Fitzed. Hall.
AGENTSHIP,Agency. Beau. & Fl.
AGERATUM,A genus of plants, one species of which (A. Mexicanum) haslavender-blue
flowers in dense clusters.
AGGENERATION,The act of producing in addition. [Obs.] T. Stanley.
AGGER,An earthwork; a mound; a raised work. [Obs.] Hearne.
AGGERATE,To heap up. [Obs.] Foxe.
AGGERATION,A heaping up; accumulation; as, aggerations of sand. [R.]
AGGEROSE,In heaps; full of heaps.
AGGEST,To heap up. [Obs.]The violence of the waters aggested the earth. Fuller.
AGGLOMERATE,To wind or collect into a ball; hence, to gather into a mass oranything
like a mass.Where he builds the agglomerated pile. Cowper.
AGGLOMERATIVE,Having a tendency to gather together, or to make collections.Taylor
is eminently discursive, accumulative, and (to use one of hisown words)
agglomerative. Coleridge.
AGGLUTINANT,Uniting, as glue; causing, or tending to cause, adhesion.-- n.
AGGLUTINATE,To unite, or cause to adhere, as with glue or other viscoussubstance;
to unite by causing an adhesion of substances.
AGGLUTINATION,Combination in which root words are united with little or nochange of
form or loss of meaning. See Agglutinative, 2.
AGGLUTINATIVE,Formed or characterized by agglutination, as a language or
acompound.In agglutinative languages the union of words may be compared
tomechanical compounds, in inflective languages to chemical compounds.R. Morris.Cf.
man-kind, heir-loom, war-like, which are agglutinative compounds.The Finnish,
Hungarian, Turkish, the Tamul, etc., are agglutinativelanguages. R.
Morris.Agglutinative languages preserve the consciousness of their roots.Max
Müller.
AGGRACE,To favor; to grace. [Obs.] "That knight so much aggraced."Spenser.
AGGRADE,To bring, or tend to bring, to a uniform grade, or slope, byaddition of
material; as, streams aggrade their beds by depositingsediment.
AGGRANDIZABLE,Capable of being aggrandized.
AGGRANDIZATION,Aggrandizement. [Obs.] Waterhouse.
AGGRANDIZE,To increase or become great. [Obs.]Follies, continued till old age, do
aggrandize. J. Hall.
AGGRANDIZEMENT,The act of aggrandizing, or the state of being aggrandized orexalted
in power, rank, honor, or wealth; exaltation; enlargement;as, the emperor seeks
only the aggrandizement of his own family.
AGGRANDIZER,One who aggrandizes, or makes great.
AGGRATE,To please. [Obs.]Each one sought his lady to aggrate. Spenser.
AGGRAVATINGLY,In an aggravating manner.
AGGRAVATIVE,Tending to aggravate. Ag*gres"sive*ly, adv.-- Ag*gres"sive*ness, n.No
aggressive movement was made. Macaulay.
AGGREGATELY,Collectively; in mass.
AGGREGATION,The act of aggregating, or the state of being aggregated;collection
into a mass or sum; a collection of particulars; anaggregate.
AGGREGATOR,One who aggregates.
AGGREGE,To make heavy; to aggravate. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AGGRESS,To commit the first act of hostility or offense; to begin aquarrel or
controversy; to make an attack; -- with on.
AGGRESSION,The first attack, or act of hostility; the first act of injury,or first
act leading to a war or a controversy; unprovoked attack;assault; as, a war of
aggression. "Aggressions of power." Hallam
AGGRESSIVE,Tending or disposed to aggress; characterized by aggression;making
assaults; unjustly attacking; as, an aggressive policy, war,person, nation. --
Ag*gres"sive*ly, adv. -- Ag*gres"sive*ness, n.
AGGRESSOR,The person who first attacks or makes an aggression; he whobegins
hostility or a quarrel; an assailant.The insolence of the aggressor is usually
proportioned to thetameness of the sufferer. Ames.
AGGRIEVANCE,Oppression; hardship; injury; grievance. [Archaic]
AGGRIEVE,To give pain or sorrow to; to afflict; hence, to oppress orinjure in one's
rights; to bear heavily upon; -- now commonly used inthe passive TO be
aggrieved.Aggrieved by oppression and extortion. Macaulay.
AGGROUP,To bring together in a group; to group. Dryden.
AGGROUPMENT,Arrangement in a group or in groups; grouping.
AGHAST,See Agast, v. t. [Obs.]
AGIBLE,Possible to be done; practicable. [Obs.] "Fit for agiblethings." Sir A.
Sherley.
AGILE,Having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs; apt or readyto move; nimble;
active; as, an agile boy; an agile tongue.Shaking it with agile hand. Cowper.
AGILELY,In an agile manner; nimbly.
AGILENESS,Agility; nimbleness. [R.]
AGIO,The premium or percentage on a better sort of money when it isgiven in
exchange for an inferior sort. The premium or discount onforeign bills of exchange
is sometimes called agio.
AGIOTAGE,Exchange business; also, stockjobbing; the maneuvers ofspeculators to
raise or lower the price of stocks or public funds.Vanity and agiotage are to a
Parisian the oxygen and hydrogen oflife. Landor.
AGIST,To take to graze or pasture, at a certain sum; -- usedoriginally of the
feeding of cattle in the king's forests, andcollecting the money for the same.
Blackstone.
AGISTATOR,See Agister.
AGITABLE,Capable of being agitated, or easily moved. [R.]
AGITATEDLY,In an agitated manner.
AGITATIVE,Tending to agitate.
AGITATO,Sung or played in a restless, hurried, and spasmodic manner.
AGITATOR,One of a body of men appointed by the army, in Cromwell's time,to look
after their interests; -- called also adjutators. Clarendon.
AGLEAM,Gleaming; as, faces agleam. Lowell.
AGLEY,Aside; askew. [Scotch] Burns.
AGLIMMER,In a glimmering state. Hawthorne.
AGLITTER,Clittering; in a glitter.
AGLOSSAL,Without tongue; tongueless.
AGLOW,In a glow; glowing; as, cheeks aglow; the landscape all aglow.
AGLUTITION,Inability to swallow.
AGMINAL,Pertaining to an army marching, or to a train. [R.]
AGNATE,A relative whose relationship can be traced exclusively throughmales.
AGNATIC,Pertaining to descent by the male line of ancestors. "Theagnatic
succession." Blackstone.
AGNATION,Consanguinity by a line of males only, as distinguished fromcognation.
Bouvier.
AGNITION,Acknowledgment. [Obs.] Grafton.
AGNIZE,To recognize; to acknowledge. [Archaic]I do agnize a natural and prompt
alacrity. Shak.
AGNOIOLOGY,The doctrine concerning those things of which we arenecessarily
ignorant.
AGNOMINATE,To name. [Obs.]
AGNOSTIC,Professing ignorance; involving no dogmatic; pertaining to orinvolving
agnosticism.-- Ag*nos"tic*al*ly, adv.
AGNOSTICISM,That doctrine which, professing ignorance, neither asserts nordenies.
Specifically: (Theol.)
AGNUS CASTUS,A species of Vitex (V. agnus castus); the chaste tree. Loudon.And
wreaths of agnus castus others bore. Dryden.
AGNUS SCYTHICUS,The Scythian lamb, a kind of woolly-skinned rootstock. SeeBarometz.
AGNUS,Agnus Dei.
AGO,Past; gone by; since; as, ten years ago; gone long ago.
AGOG,In eager desire; eager; astir.All agog to dash through thick and thin. Cowper.
AGOING,In motion; in the act of going; as, to set a mill agoing.
AGON,A contest for a prize at the public games.
AGONE,Ago. [Archaic. & Poet.]Three days agone I fell sick. 1 Sam. xxx. 13.
AGONIC,Not forming an angle. Agonic line (Physics), an imaginary lineon the earth's
surface passing through those places where themagnetic needle points to the true
north; the line of no magneticvariation. There is one such line in the Western
hemisphere, andanother in the Eastern hemisphere.
AGONISM,Contention for a prize; a contest. [Obs.] Blount.
AGONIST,One who contends for the prize in public games. [R.]
AGONISTICALLY,In an agonistic manner.
AGONISTICS,The science of athletic combats, or contests in public games.
AGONIZE,To cause to suffer agony; to subject to extreme pain; totorture.He agonized
his mother by his behavior. Thackeray.
AGONIZINGLY,With extreme anguish or desperate struggles.
AGONOTHETE,An officer who presided over the great public games in Greece.
AGONOTHETIC,Pertaining to the office of an agonothete.
AGOOD,In earnest; heartily. [Obs.] "I made her weep agood." Shak.
AGORA,An assembly; hence, the place of assembly, especially themarket place, in an
ancient Greek city.
AGOUARA,The crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus), found in thetropical parts
of America.
AGOUTA,A small insectivorous mammal (Solenodon paradoxus), allied tothe moles,
found only in Hayti.
AGRACE,See Aggrace. [Obs.]
AGRAMMATIST,A illiterate person. [Obs.] Bailey.
AGRAPHIA,The absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by writtensigns. It
is one form of aphasia.
AGRAPHIC,Characterized by agraphia.
AGRAPPES,Hooks and eyes for armor, etc. Fairholt.
AGRARIAN,Wild; -- said of plants growing in the fields.
AGRARIANISM,An equal or equitable division of landed property; theprinciples or
acts of those who favor a redistribution of land.
AGRARIANIZE,To distribute according to, or to imbue with, the principles
ofagrarianism.
AGREE,To correspond in gender, number, case, or person.
AGREEINGLY,In an agreeing manner (to); correspondingly; agreeably. [Obs.]
AGREEMENT,Concord or correspondence of one word with another in gender,number,
case, or person.
AGREER,One who agrees.
AGRESTIC,Pertaining to fields or the country, in opposition to the city;rural;
rustic; unpolished; uncouth. "Agrestic behavior." Gregory.
AGRESTICAL,Agrestic. [Obs.]
AGRICOLATION,Agriculture. [Obs.] Bailey.
AGRICOLIST,A cultivator of the soil; an agriculturist. Dodsley.
AGRICULTOR,An agriculturist; a farmer. [R.]
AGRICULTURAL,Of or pertaining to agriculture; connected with, or engaged
in,tillage; as, the agricultural class; agricultural implements, wages,etc.--
Ag`ri*cul"tur*al*ly, adv. Agricultural ant (Zoöl.), a species ofant which gathers
and stores seeds of grasses, for food. Theremarkable species (Myrmica barbata)
found in Texas clears circularareas and carefully cultivates its favorite grain,
known as ant rice.
AGRICULTURALIST,An agriculturist (which is the preferred form.)
AGRICULTURE,The art or science of cultivating the ground, including theharvesting
of crops, and the rearing and management of live stock;tillage; husbandry; farming.
AGRICULTURISM,Agriculture. [R.]
AGRICULTURIST,One engaged or skilled in agriculture; a husbandman.The farmer is
always a practitioner, the agriculturist may be a meretheorist. Crabb.
AGRIEF,In grief; amiss. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AGRIN,In the act of grinning. "His visage all agrin." Tennyson.
AGRIOLOGIST,One versed or engaged in agriology.
AGRIOLOGY,Description or comparative study of the customs of savage oruncivilized
tribes.
AGRISE,To shudder with terror; to tremble with fear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AGROM,A disease occurring in Bengal and other parts of the EastIndies, in which the
tongue chaps and cleaves.
AGRONOMICS,The science of the distribution and management of land.
AGRONOMIST,One versed in agronomy; a student of agronomy.
AGRONOMY,The management of land; rural economy; agriculture.
AGROPE,In the act of groping. Mrs. Browning.
AGROSTIS,A genus of grasses, including species called in common languagebent grass.
Some of them, as redtop (Agrostis vulgaris), are valuablepasture grasses.
AGROSTOGRAPHY,A description of the grasses.
AGROSTOLOGIST,One skilled in agrostology.
AGROSTOLOGY,That part of botany which treats of the grasses.
AGROTECHNY,That branch of agriculture dealing with the methods ofconversion of
agricultural products into manufactured articles;agricultural technology.
AGROUND,On the ground; stranded; -- a nautical term applied to a shipwhen its
bottom lodges on the ground. Totten.
AGROUPMENT,See Aggroupment.
AGRYPNOTIC,Anything which prevents sleep, or produces wakefulness, asstrong tea or
coffee.
AGUE,An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold and hot fits.
AGUILT,To be guilty of; to offend; to sin against; to wrong. [Obs.]Chaucer.
AGUISE,Dress. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
AGUSH,In a gushing state. Hawthorne.
AGYNOUS,Without female organs; male.
AH,An exclamation, expressive of surprise, pity, complaint,entreaty, contempt,
threatening, delight, triumph, etc., according tothe manner of utterance.
AHA,An exclamation expressing, by different intonations, triumph,mixed with
derision or irony, or simple surprise.
AHEAP,In a heap; huddled together. Hood.
AHEIGHT,Aloft; on high. [Obs.] "Look up aheight." Shak.
AHEM,An exclamation to call one's attention; hem.
AHEY,Hey; ho.
AHIGH,On high. [Obs.] Shak.
AHOLD,Near the wind; as, to lay a ship ahold. [Obs.] Shak.
AHORSEBACK,On horseback.Two suspicious fellows ahorseback. Smollet.
AHOY,A term used in hailing; as, "Ship ahoy."
AHRIMAN,The Evil Principle or Being of the ancient Persians; the Princeof Darkness
as opposer to Ormuzd, the King of Light.
AHU,The Asiatic gazelle.
AHULL,With the sails furled, and the helm lashed alee; -- applied toships in a
storm. See Hull, n.
AHUNGERED,Pinched with hunger; very hungry. C. Bronté.
AI,The three-toed sloth (Bradypus tridactylus) of South America.See Sloth.
AID,To support, either by furnishing strength or means incoöperation to effect a
purpose, or to prevent or to remove evil; tohelp; to assist.You speedy
helpers . . . Appear and aid me in this enterprise. Shak.
AID-DE-CAMP,An officer selected by a general to carry orders, also toassist or
represent him in correspondence and in directing movements.
AID-MAJOR,The adjutant of a regiment.
AIDANCE,Aid. [R.]Aidance 'gainst the enemy. Shak.
AIDANT,Helping; helpful; supplying aid. Shak.
AIDER,One who, or that which, aids.
AIDFUL,Helpful. [Archaic.] Bp. Hall.
AIDLESS,Helpless; without aid. Milton.
AIEL,See Ayle. [Obs.]
AIGLET,Same as Aglet.
AIGRE,Sour. [Obs.] Shak.
AIGREMORE,Charcoal prepared for making powder.
AIGULET,See Aglet. Spenser.
AIL,To affect with pain or uneasiness, either physical or mental;to trouble; to be
the matter with; -- used to express some uneasinessor affection, whose cause is
unknown; as, what ails the man I knownot what ails him.What aileth thee, Hagar Gen.
xxi. 17.
AILANTHUS,Same as Ailantus.
AILANTUS,A genus of beautiful trees, natives of the East Indies. Thetree
imperfectly di
AILERON,A half gable, as at the end of a penthouse or of the aisle of achurch.
AILETTE,A small square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders ofknights, -- being
the prototype of the modern epaulet. Fairholt.
AILMENT,Indisposition; morbid affection of the body; -- not appliedordinarily to
acute diseases. "Little ailments." Landsdowne.
AILUROIDEA,A group of the Carnivora, which includes the cats, civets, andhyenas.
AIM,To direct or point, as a weapon, at a particular object; todirect, as a
missile, an act, or a proceeding, at, to, or against anobject; as, to aim a musket
or an arrow, the fist or a blow (atsomething); to aim a satire or a reflection (at
some person or vice).
AIMER,One who aims, directs, or points.
AIMLESS,Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life.-- Aim"less*ly, adv.--
Aim"less*ness, n.
AINO,One of a peculiar race inhabiting Yesso, the Kooril Islandsetc., in the
northern part of the empire of Japan, by some supposedto have been the progenitors
of the Japanese. The Ainos are stout andshort, with hairy bodies.
AIR BED,A sack or matters inflated with air, and used as a bed.
AIR BLADDER,An air sac, sometimes double or variously lobed, in thevisceral cavity
of many fishes. It originates in the same way as thelungs of air-breathing
vertebrates, and in the adult may retain atubular connection with the pharynx or
esophagus.
AIR BRAKE,A railway brake operated by condensed air. Knight.
AIR BRUSH,A kind of atomizer for applying liquid coloring matter in aspray by
compressed air.
AIR CELL,A cavity in the cellular tissue of plants, containing air only.
AIR COCK,A faucet to allow escape of air.
AIR COOLING,In gasoline-engine motor vehicles, the cooling of the cylinderby
increasing its radiating surface by means of ribs or radiators,and placing it so
that it is exposed to a current of air. Cf. Watercooling. -- Air"-cooled`, a.
AIR DRILL,A drill driven by the elastic pressure of condensed air; apneumatic
drill. Knight.
AIR ENGINE,An engine driven by heated or by compressed air. Knight.
AIR GAP,An air-filled gap in a magnetic or electric circuit; specif.,in a dynamo or
motor, the space between the field-magnet poles andthe armature; clearance.
AIR GAS,See under Gas.
AIR GUN,A kind of gun in which the elastic force of condensed air isused to
discharge the ball. The air is powerfully compressed into areservoir attached to
the gun, by a condensing pump, and iscontrolled by a valve actuated by the trigger.
AIR HOLE,A fault in a casting, produced by a bubble of air; a blowhole.
AIR JACKET,A jacket having air-tight cells, or cavities which can befilled with
air, to render persons buoyant in swimming.
AIR LEVEL,Spirit level. See Level.
AIR LINE,A path through the air made easy for aërial navigation bysteady winds.
AIR PIPE,A pipe for the passage of air; esp. a ventilating pipe.
AIR PLANT,A plant deriving its sustenance from the air alone; anaërophyte.
AIR POISE,A
AIR PUMP,A kind of pump for exhausting air from a vessel or closedspace; also, a
pump to condense air of force in into a closed space.
AIR SAC,One of the spaces in different parts. of the bodies of birds,which are
filled with air and connected with the air passages of thelungs; an air cell.
AIR SHAFT,A passage, usually vertical, for admitting fresh air into amine or a
tunnel.
AIR STOVE,A stove for heating a current of air which is directed againstits surface
by means of pipes, and then distributed through abuilding.
AIR VESSEL,A vessel, cell, duct, or tube containing or conducting air; asthe air
vessels of insects, birds, plants, etc.; the air vessel of apump, engine, etc. For
the latter, see Air chamber. The air vesselsof insects are called tracheæ, of
plants spiral vessels.
AIR,An artificial or affected manner; show of pride or vanity;haughtiness; as, it
is said of a person, he puts on airs. Thackeray.
AIR-BUILT,Erected in the air; having no solid foundation; chimerical; as,an air-
built castle.
AIR-DRAWN,Drawn in air; imaginary.This is the air-drawn dagger. Shak.
AIR-SLACKED,Slacked, or pulverized, by exposure to the air; as, air-slackedlime.
AIR-TIGHT,So tight as to be impermeable to air; as, an air-tightcylinder.
AIRCRAFT,Any device, as a balloon, aëroplane, etc., for floating in, orflying
through, the air.
AIRILY,In an airy manner; lightly; gaily; jauntily; fippantly.
AIRLESS,Not open to a free current of air; wanting fresh air, orcommunication with
the open air.
AIRLIKE,Resembling air.
AIRLING,A thoughtless, gay person. [Obs.] "Slight airlings." B. Jonson.
AIRMAN,A man who ascends or flies in an aircraft; a flying machinepilot.
AIRMANSHIP,Art, skill, or ability in the practice of aërial navigation.
AIROL,A grayish green antiseptic powder, consisting of a basic iodideand gallate of
bismuth, sometimes used in place of iodoform. [ATrademark]
AIROMETER,A hollow cylinder to contain air. It is closed above and openbelow, and
has its open end plunged into water.
AIRSICK,Affected with aërial sickness. -- Air"sick`ness, n.
AIRWOMAN,A woman who ascends or flies in an aircraft.
AIRY,Having the light and aërial tints true to nature. Elmes.
AISLED,Furnished with an aisle or aisles.
AISLESS,Without an aisle.
AIT,An islet, or little isle, in a river or lake; an eyot.The ait where the osiers
grew. R. Hodges (1649).Among green aits and meadows. Dickens.
AITCH,The letter h or H.
AITCHBONE,The bone of the rump; also, the cut of beef surrounding thisbone. [Spelt
also edgebone.]
AITIOLOGY,See Ætiology.
AJAR,Slightly turned or opened; as, the door was standing ajar.
AJAVA,See Ajouan.
AJOG,On the jog.
AJUTAGE,A tube through which is water is discharged; an efflux tube;as, the ajutage
of a fountain.
AKE,See Ache.
AKENE,Same as Achene.
AKETON,See Acton.
AKIMBO,With a crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and elbow turnedoutward.
"With one arm akimbo." Irving.
AKINESIA,Paralysis of the motor nerves; loss of movement. Foster.
AKINESIC,Pertaining to akinesia.
AKNEE,On the knee. [R.] Southey.
AKNOW,Earlier form of Acknow. [Obs.] To be aknow, to acknowledge; toconfess. [Obs.]
AL SEGNO,A direction for the performer to return and recommence from thesign
AL,All. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AL-,All; wholly; completely; as, almighty,almost. (b) Etym: [L.ad.]
AL-PHITOMANCY,Divination by means of barley meal. Knowles.
ALA,A winglike organ, or part.
ALABAMA PERIOD,A period in the American eocene, the lowest in the tertiary
ageexcept the lignitic.
ALABASTRIAN,Alabastrine.
ALABASTRINE,Of, pertaining to, or like, alabaster; as alabastrine limbs.
ALABASTRUM,A flower bud. Gray.
ALACK,An exclamation expressive of sorrow. [Archaic. or Poet.] Shak.
ALACKADAY,An exclamation expressing sorrow.
ALACRIFY,To rouse to action; to inspirit.
ALACRIOUS,Brisk; joyously active; lively.'T were well if we were a little more
alacrious. Hammond.
ALACRIOUSLY,With alacrity; briskly.
ALACRIOUSNESS,Alacrity. [Obs.] Hammond.
ALACRITY,A cheerful readiness, willingness, or promptitude; joyousactivity;
briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced withalacrity to meet the
enemy.I have not that alacrity of spirit, Nor cheer of mind that I was wontto have.
Shak.
ALADINIST,One of a sect of freethinkers among the Mohammedans.
ALALIA,Inability to utter articulate sounds, due either to paralysisof the larynx
or to that form of aphasia, called motor, or ataxis,aphasia, due to loss of control
of the muscles of speech.
ALAMIRE,The lowest note but one in Guido Aretino's scale of music.
ALAMODALITY,The quality of being à la mode; conformity to the mode orfashion;
fashionableness. [R.] Southey.
ALAMODE,According to the fashion or prevailing mode. "Alamode beefshops." Macaulay.
ALAMORT,To the death; mortally.
ALAN,A wolfhound. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ALAND,On land; to the land; ashore. "Cast aland." Sir P. Sidney.
ALANINE,A white crystalline base, C3H7NO2, derived from aldehydeammonia.
ALANTIN,See Inulin.
ALAR,Axillary; in the fork or axil. Gray.
ALARMABLE,Easily alarmed or disturbed.
ALARMED,Aroused to vigilance; excited by fear of approaching danger;agitated;
disturbed; as, an alarmed neighborhood; an alarmed modesty.The white pavilions rose
and fell On the alarmed air. Longfellow.
ALARMEDLY,In an alarmed manner.
ALARMING,Exciting, or calculated to excite, alarm; causing apprehensionof danger;
as, an alarming crisis or report.-- A*larm"ing*ly, adv.
ALARMIST,One prone to sound or excite alarms, especially, needlessalarms. Macaulay.
ALARUM,See Alarm. [Now Poetic]
ALARY,Of or pertaining to wings; also, wing-shaped.The alary system of insects.
Wollaston.
ALAS,An exclamation expressive of sorrow, pity, or apprehension ofevil; -- in old
writers, sometimes followed by day or white; alas theday, like alack a day, or alas
the white.
ALATE,Lately; of late. [Archaic]There hath been alate such tales spread abroad.
Latimer.
ALATION,The state of being winged.
ALAUNT,See Alan. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ALB SUNDAY,The first Sunday after Easter Sunday, properly Albless Sunday,because in
the early church those who had been baptized on Easter evelaid aside on the
following Saturday their white albs which had beenput on after baptism.
ALB,A vestment of white linen, reaching to the feet, an envelopingthe person; -- in
the Roman Catholic church, worn by those in holyorders when officiating at mass. It
was formerly worn, at least byclerics, in daily life.
ALBACORE,See Albicore.
ALBAN,A white crystalline resinous substance extracted from gutta-percha by the
action of alcohol or ether.
ALBANIAN,Of or pertaining to Albania, a province of Turkey.-- n.
ALBATA,A white metallic alloy; which is made into spoons, forks,teapots, etc.
British plate or German silver. See German silver,under German.
ALBATROSS,A web-footed bird, of the genus Diomedea, of which there areseveral
species. They are the largest of sea birds, capable of long-continued flight, and
are often seen at great distances from theland. They are found chiefly in the
southern hemisphere.
ALBEDO,Whiteness. Specifically: (Astron.) The ratio which the lightreflected from
an unpolished surface bears to the total light fallingupon that surface.
ALBEIT,Even though; although; notwithstanding. Chaucer.Albeit so masked, Madam, I
love the truth. Tennyson.
ALBERT WARE,A soft ornamental terra-cotta pottery, sold in the biscuitstate for
decorating.
ALBERTITE,A bituminous mineral resembling asphaltum, found in the countyof A.
ALBERTYPE,A picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate produced bymeans of a
photographic negative.
ALBESCENCE,The act of becoming white; whitishness.
ALBESCENT,Becoming white or whitish; moderately white.
ALBICANT,Growing or becoming white.
ALBICATION,The process of becoming white, or developing white patches, orstreaks.
ALBICORE,A name applied to several large fishes of the Mackerel family,esp. Orcynus
alalonga. One species (Orcynus thynnus), common in theMediterranean and Atlantic,
is called in New England the horsemackerel; the tunny. [Written also albacore.]
ALBIFICATION,The act or process of making white. [Obs.]
ALBIGENSIAN,Of or pertaining to the Albigenses.
ALBINESS,A female albino. Holmes.
ALBINISM,The state or condition of being an albino: abinoism;leucopathy.
ALBINISTIC,Affected with albinism.
ALBINO,A person, whether negro, Indian, or white, in whom by somedefect of
organization the substance which gives color to the skin,hair, and eyes is
deficient or in a morbid state. An albino has askin of a milky hue, with hair of
the same color, and eyes with deepred pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is also
used of the loweranimals, as white mice, elephants, etc.; and of plants in a
whitishcondition from the absence of chlorophyll. Amer. Cyc.
ALBINOISM,The state or condition of being an albino; albinism.
ALBINOTIC,Affected with albinism.
ALBION,An ancient name of England, still retained in poetry.In that nook-shotten
isle of Albion. Shak.
ALBITE,A mineral of the feldspar family, triclinic in crystallization,and in
composition a silicate of alumina and soda. It is a commonconstituent of granite
and of various igneous rocks. See Feldspar.
ALBOLITH,A kind of plastic cement, or artificial stone, consistingchiefly of
magnesia and silica; -- called also albolite.
ALBORAK,The imaginary milk-white animal on which Mohammed was said tohave been
carried up to heaven; a white mule.
ALBUGINEOUS,Of the nature of, or resembling, the white of the eye, or of anegg;
albuminous; -- a term applied to textures, humors, etc., whichare perfectly white.
ALBUGO,Same as Leucoma.
ALBUM GRAECUM,Dung of dogs or hyenas, which becomes white by exposure to air.It is
used in dressing leather, and was formerly used in medicine.
ALBUM,A white tablet on which anything was inscribed, as a list ofnames, etc.
ALBUMEN,Nourishing matter stored up within the integuments of the seedin many
plants, but not incorporated in the embryo. It is the flourypart in corn, wheat,
and like grains, the oily part in poppy seeds,the fleshy part in the cocoanut, etc.
ALBUMENIZE,To cover or saturate with albumen; to coat or treat with analbuminous
solution; as, to albuminize paper.
ALBUMIN,A thick, viscous nitrogenous substance, which is the chief
andcharacteristic constituent of white of eggs and of the serum ofblood, and is
found in other animal substances, both fluid and solid,also in many plants. It is
soluble in water is coagulated by heat adby certain chemical reagents. Acid
albumin, a modification of albuminproduced by the action of dilute acids. It is not
coagulated by heat.-- Alkali albumin, albumin as modified by the action of
alkalinesubstances; -- called also albuminate.
ALBUMINATE,A substance produced by the action of an alkali upon albumin,and
resembling casein in its properties; also, a compound formed bythe union of albumin
with another substance.
ALBUMINIFEROUS,Supplying albumen.
ALBUMINIMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the quantity of albumen in aliquid.
ALBUMININ,The substance of the cells which inclose the white of birds'eggs.
ALBUMINIPAROUS,Producing albumin.
ALBUMINOID,Resembling albumin.-- n.
ALBUMINOIDAL,Of the nature of an albuminoid.
ALBUMINOSE,A diffusible substance formed from albumin by the action ofnatural or
artificial gastric juice. See Peptone.
ALBUMINOSIS,A morbid condition due to excessive increase of albuminouselements in
the blood.
ALBUMINURIA,A morbid condition in which albumin is present in the urine.
ALBUMOSE,A compound or class of compounds formed from albumin by diluteacids or by
an acid solution of pepsin. Used also in combination, asantialbumose, hemialbumose.
ALBURN,The bleak, a small European fish having scales of a peculiarlysilvery color
which are used in making artificial pearls.
ALBURNOUS,Of or pertaining to alburnum; of the alburnum; as, alburnoussubstances.
ALBURNUM,The white and softer part of wood, between the inner bark andthe hard wood
or duramen; sapwood.
ALBYN,Scotland; esp. the Highlands of Scotland. T. Cambell.
ALCADE,Same as Alcaid.
ALCAHEST,Same as Alkahest.
ALCAIC,Pertaining to Alcæus, a lyric poet of Mitylene, about 6000 b.c.-- n. A kind
of verse, so called from Alcæus. One variety consistsof five feet, a spondee or
iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, andtwo dactyls.
ALCALDE,A magistrate or judge in Spain and in Spanish America, etc.Prescott.
ALCALDIA,The jurisdiction or office of an alcalde; also, the building orchamber in
which he conducts the business of his office.
ALCALIMETER,See Alkalimeter.
ALCANNA,An oriental shrub (Lawsonia inermis) from which henna isobtained.
ALCARRAZA,A vessel of porous earthenware, used for cooling liquids byevaporation
from the exterior surface.
ALCAYDE,Same as Alcaid.
ALCAZAR,A fortress; also, a royal palace. Prescott.
ALCEDO,A genus of perching birds, including the European kingfisher(Alcedo ispida).
See Halcyon.
ALCHEMICALLY,In the manner of alchemy.
ALCHEMIST,One who practices alchemy.You are alchemist; make gold. Shak.
ALCHEMISTRY,Alchemy. [Obs.]
ALCHEMIZE,To change by alchemy; to transmute. Lovelace.
ALCHEMY,See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic, Alchemy.
ALCO,A small South American dog, domesticated by the aborigines.
ALCOHOL,A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol inconstitution. Chemically
speaking, they are hydroxides of certainorganic radicals; as, the radical ethyl
forms common or ethyl alcohol(C2H5OH); methyl forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood
spirit; amylforms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
ALCOHOLATE,A crystallizable compound of a salt with alcohol, in which thelatter
plays a part analogous to that of water of crystallization.Graham.
ALCOHOLATURE,An alcoholic tincture prepared with fresh plants. New Eng.Dict.
ALCOHOLIC,Of or pertaining to alcohol, or partaking of its qualities;derived from,
or caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as,alcoholic mixtures; alcoholic
gastritis; alcoholic odor.
ALCOHOLISM,A diseased condition of the system, brought about by thecontinued use of
alcoholic liquors.
ALCOHOLIZE,An instrument for determining the strength of spirits, with ascale
graduated so as to indicate the percentage of pure alcohol,either by weight or
volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with aspecial scale.
ALCOHOLOMETRY,The process or method of ascertaining the proportion of purealcohol
which spirituous liquors contain.
ALCORAN,The Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form).[Spelt also
Alcoran.]
ALCORANIC,Of or pertaining to the Koran.
ALCORANIST,One who adheres to the letter of the Koran, rejecting alltraditions.
ALCORNOQUE,The bark of several trees, esp. of Bowdichia virgilioides ofBrazil, used
as a remedy for consumption; of Byrsonima crassifolia,used in tanning; of Alchornea
latifolia, used medicinally; or ofQuercus ilex, the cork tree.
ALCOVE,A recessed portion of a room, or a small room opening into alarger one;
especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recessin a library.
ALCYON,See Halcyon.
ALCYONACEA,A group of soft-bodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is thetype. See
Illust. under Alcyonaria.
ALCYONARIA,One of the orders of Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea,Pennatulacea,
and Gorgonacea.
ALCYONES,The kingfishers.
ALCYONIC,Of or pertaining to the Alcyonaria.
ALCYONIUM,A genus of fleshy Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat resemblingflowers with
eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used forcertain species of sponges.
ALCYONOID,Like or pertaining to the Alcyonaria.-- n.
ALDAY,Continually. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ALDEBARAN,A red star of the first magnitude, situated in the eye ofTaurus; the
Bull's Eye. It is the bright star in the group called theHyades.Now when Aldebaran
was mounted high Above the shiny Cassiopeia'schair. Spenser.
ALDEHYDE,A colorless, mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained fromalcohol by
certain of oxidation.
ALDEHYDIC,Of or pertaining to aldehyde; as, aldehydic acid. Miller.
ALDER,A tree, usually growing in moist land, and belonging to thegenus Alnus. The
wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by dyers andtanners. In the U. S. the
species of alder are usually shrubs orsmall trees. Black alder. (a) A European
shrub (Rhamnus frangula);Alder buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly
(Ilexverticillata), bearing red berries.
ALDER-LIEFEST,Most beloved. [Obs.] Shak.
ALDERMANCY,The office of an alderman.
ALDERMANIC,Relating to, becoming to, or like, an alderman; characteristicof an
alderman.
ALDERMANLIKE,Like or suited to an alderman.
ALDERMANLY,Pertaining to, or like, an alderman.
ALDERMANSHIP,The condition, position, or office of an alderman. Fabyan.
ALDERN,Made of alder.
ALDERNEY,One of a breed of cattle raised in Alderney, one of the ChannelIslands.
Alderneys are of a dun or tawny color and are often calledJersey cattle. See
Jersey, 3.
ALDINE,An epithet applied to editions (chiefly of the classics) whichproceeded from
the press of Aldus Manitius, and his family, ofVenice, for the most part in the
16th century and known by the signof the anchor and the dolphin. The term has also
been applied tocertain elegant editions of English works.
ALDOL,A colorless liquid, C4H8O2, obtained by condensation of twomolecules of
acetaldehyde: CH3CHO + CH3CHO = H3CH(OH)CH2CO; also, anyof various derivatives of
this. The same reaction has been applied,under the name of aldol condensation, to
the production of manycompounds.
ALE SILVER,A duty payable to the lord mayor of London by the sellers ofale within
the city.
ALE-KNIGHT,A pot companion. [Obs.]
ALEAK,In a leaking condition.
ALEATORY,Depending on some uncertain contingency; as, an aleatorycontract. Bouvier.
ALEBENCH,A bench in or before an alehouse. Bunyan.
ALEBERRY,A beverage, formerly made by boiling ale with spice, sugar, andsops of
bread.Their aleberries, caudles, possets. Beau. & Fl.
ALECITHAL,Applied to those ova which segment uniformly, and which havelittle or no
food yelk embedded in their protoplasm. Balfour.
ALECONNER,Orig., an officer appointed to look to the goodness of ale andbeer; also,
one of the officers chosen by the liverymen of London toinspect the measures used
in public houses. But the office is asinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.]
ALECOST,The plant costmary, which was formerly much used for flavoringale.
ALECTORIDES,A group of birds including the common fowl and the pheasants.
ALECTOROMACHY,Cockfighting.
ALECTOROMANCY,See Alectryomancy.
ALECTRYOMACHY,Cockfighting.
ALECTRYOMANCY,Divination by means of a cock and grains of corn placed on theletters
of the alphabet, the letters being put together in the orderin which the grains
were eaten. Amer. Cyc.
ALEE,On or toward the lee, or the side away from the wind; theopposite of aweather.
The helm of a ship is alee when pressed closeto the lee side. Hard alee, or Luff
alee, an order to put the helm tothe lee side.
ALEGAR,Sour ale; vinegar made of ale. Cecil.
ALEGER,Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.] Bacon.
ALEGGE,To allay or alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.]That shall alegge this bitter
blast. Spenser.
ALEHOOF,Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma).
ALEHOUSE,A house where ale is retailed; hence, a tippling house.Macaulay.
ALEM,The imperial standard of the Turkish Empire.
ALEMANNIC,Belonging to the Alemanni, a confederacy of warlike Germantribes.
ALEMBIC,An apparatus formerly used in distillation, usually made ofglass or metal.
It has mostly given place to the retort and wormstill.Used also metaphorically. The
alembic of a great poet's imagination.Brimley.
ALEMBROTH,The salt of wisdom of the alchemists, a double salt composed ofthe
chlorides of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as astimulant. Brande & C.
ALENCON LACE,See under Lace.
ALENGTH,At full length; lenghtwise. Chaucer.
ALEPIDOTE,Not having scales.-- n.
ALEPOLE,A pole set up as the sign of an alehouse. [Obs.]
ALEPPO GRASS,One of the cultivated forms of Andropogon Halepensis (syn.Sorghum
Halepense). See Andropogon, below.
ALERT,An alarm from a real or threatened attack; a sudden attack;also, a bugle
sound to give warning. "We have had an alert." Farrow.On the alert, on the lookout
or watch against attack or danger; readyto act.
ALERTLY,In an alert manner; nimbly.
ALERTNESS,The quality of being alert or on the alert; briskness;nimbleness;
activity.
ALESTAKE,A stake or pole projecting from, or set up before, an alehouse,as a sign;
an alepole. At the end was commonly suspended a garland, abunch of leaves, or a
"bush." [Obs.] Chaucer.
ALETASTER,See Aleconner. [Eng.]
ALETHIOLOGY,The science which treats of the nature of truth and evidence.Sir W.
Hamilton.
ALETHOSCOPE,An instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as topresent
them in their natural proportions and relations.
ALEUROMANCY,Divination by means of flour. Encyc. Brit.
ALEUROMETER,An instrument for determining the expansive properties, orquality, of
gluten in flour. Knight.
ALEURONAT,Flour made of aleurone, used as a substitute for ordinary flourin
preparing bread for diabetic persons.
ALEURONE,An albuminoid substance which occurs in minute grains ("proteingranules")
in maturing seeds and tubers; -- supposed to be amodification of protoplasm.
ALEURONIC,Having the nature of aleurone. D. C. Eaton.
ALEVIN,Young fish; fry.
ALEW,Halloo. [Obs.] Spenser.
ALEWIFE,A woman who keeps an alehouse. Gay.
ALEXANDRINE,Belonging to Alexandria; Alexandrian. Bancroft.
ALEXIA,Alexipharmic. [Obs.]
ALEXIPHARMIC,An antidote against poison or infection; a counterpoison.
ALEXIPYRETIC,Serving to drive off fever; antifebrile.-- n.
ALEXITERIC,A preservative against contagious and infectious diseases, andthe
effects of poison in general. Brande & C.
ALFALFA,The lucern (Medicago sativa); -- so called in California,Texas, etc.
ALFENIDE,An alloy of nickel and silver electroplated with silver.
ALFERES,An ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.
ALFET,A caldron of boiling water into which an accused person plungedhis forearm as
a test of innocence or guilt.
ALFILARIA,The pin grass (Erodium cicutarium), a weed in California.
ALFIONE,An edible marine fish of California (Rhacochilus toxotes).
ALFORJA,A saddlebag. [Sp. Amer.]
ALFRESCO,In the open-air. Smollett.
ALGA,A kind of seaweed; pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plantswhich includes
the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp, dulse,sea lettuce, also marine and
fresh water confervæ, etc.
ALGAL,Pertaining to, or like, algæ.
ALGAROBA,A term used for the Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which isa compound
of trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerlyused in medicine as an
emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.
ALGAROVILLA,The agglutinated seeds and husks of the legumes of a SouthAmerican tree
(Inga Marthæ). It is valuable for tanning leather, andas a dye.
ALGAZEL,The true gazelle.
ALGEBRA,That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations andproperties of
quantity by means of letters and other symbols. It isapplicable to those relations
that are true of every kind ofmagnitude.
ALGEBRAICALLY,By algebraic process.
ALGEBRAIST,One versed in algebra.
ALGEBRAIZE,To perform by algebra; to reduce to algebraic form.
ALGERIAN,Of or pertaining to Algeria.-- n.
ALGERINE,Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria.
ALGID,Cold; chilly. Bailey. Algid cholera (Med.), Asiatic cholera.
ALGIDITY,Chilliness; coldness; especially (Med.),
ALGIDNESS,Algidity. [Obs.]
ALGIFIC,Producing cold.
ALGIN,A nitrogenous substance resembling gelatin, obtained fromcertain algæ.
ALGOID,Of the nature of, or resembling, an alga.
ALGOL,A fixed star, in Medusa's head, in the constellation Perseus,remarkable for
its periodic variation in brightness.
ALGOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to algology; as, algological specimens.
ALGOLOGIST,One learned about algæ; a student of algology.
ALGOLOGY,The study or science of algæ or seaweeds.
ALGOMETER,An instrument for measuring sensations of pain due to pressure.It has a
piston rod with a blunted tip which is pressed against theskin. -- Al*gom"e*try
(#), n. -- Al`go*met"ric (#), *met"ric*al (#),a. --Al`go*met"ric*al*ly, adv.
ALGONKIAN,The Algonkian period or era, or system or group of systems.
ALGONQUIAN,Pertaining to or designating the most extensive of thelinguistic
families of North American Indians, their territoryformerly including practically
all of Canada east of the 115thmeridian and south of Hudson's Bay and the part of
the United Stateseast of the Mississippi and north of Tennessee and Virginia, with
theexception of the territory occupied by the northern Iroquoian tribes.There are
nearly 100,000 Indians of the Algonquian tribes, of whichthe strongest are the
Ojibwas (Chippewas), Ottawas, Crees,Algonquins, Micmacs, and Blackfeet. -- n.
ALGOR,Cold; chilliness.
ALGOUS,Of or pertaining to the algæ, or seaweeds; abounding with, orlike, seaweed.
ALGUAZIL,An inferior officer of justice in Spain; a warrant officer; aconstable.
Prescott.
ALGUM,Same as Almug (and etymologically preferable). 2 Chron. ii. 8.
ALHAMBRA,The palace of the Moorish kings at Granada.
ALHENNA,See Henna.
ALIBI,The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for acrime proves
or attempts to prove that he was in another place whenthe alleged act was
committed; as, to set up an alibi; to prove analibi.
ALIBILITY,Quality of being alible.
ALIBLE,Nutritive; nourishing.
ALICANT,A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed; -- said to have beenmade near
Alicant, in Spain. J. Fletcher.
ALIDADE,The portion of a graduated instrument, as a quadrant orastrolabe, carrying
the sights or telescope, and showing the degreescut off on the arc of the
instrument Whewell.
ALIEN,To alienate; to estrange; to transfer, as property orownership. [R.] "It the
son alien lands." Sir M. Hale.The prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of .
. . themarriage. Clarendon.
ALIENABILITY,Capability of being alienated. "The alienability of thedomain." Burke.
ALIENABLE,Capable of being alienated, sold, or transferred to another;as, land is
alienable according to the laws of the state.
ALIENATE,Estranged; withdrawn in affection; foreign; -- with from.O alienate from
God. Milton.
ALIENATION,A transfer of title, or a legal conveyance of property toanother.
ALIENATOR,One who alienates.
ALIENE,To alien or alienate; to transfer, as title or property; as, toaliene an
estate.
ALIENEE,One to whom the title of property is transferred; -- opposed toalienor.It
the alienee enters and keeps possession. Blackstone.
ALIENIST,One who treats diseases of the mind. Ed. Rev.
ALIENOR,One who alienates or transfers property to another. Blackstone.
ALIFE,On my life; dearly. [Obs.] "I love that sport alife." Beau. &Fl.
ALIFEROUS,Having wings, winged; aligerous. [R.]
ALIFORM,Wing-shaped; winglike.
ALIGEROUS,Having wings; winged. [R.]
ALIGHT,Lighted; lighted up; in a flame. "The lamps were alight."Dickens.
ALIGN,To adjust or form to a line; to range or form in line; to bringinto line; to
aline.
ALIGNMENT,The ground-plan of a railway or other road, in distinction fromthe grades
or profile.
ALIKE,Having resemblance or similitude; similar; without difference.[Now used only
predicatively.]The darkness and the light are both alike to thee. Ps. cxxxix. 12.
ALIKE-MINDED,Like-minded. [Obs.]
ALIMENTAL,Supplying food; having the quality of nourishing; furnishingthe materials
for natural growth; as, alimental sap.
ALIMENTALLY,So as to serve for nourishment or food; nourishing quality. SirT.
Browne.
ALIMENTARINESS,The quality of being alimentary; nourishing quality. [R.]
ALIMENTARY,Pertaining to aliment or food, or to the function of
nutrition;nutritious; alimental; as, alimentary substances. Alimentary canal,the
entire channel, extending from the mouth to the anus, by whichaliments are conveyed
through the body, and the useless partsejected.
ALIMENTIVENESS,The instinct or faculty of appetite for food. [Chiefly inPhrenol.]
ALIMONIOUS,Affording food; nourishing. [R.] "Alimonious humors." Harvey.
ALIMONY,An allowance made to a wife out of her husband's estate orincome for her
support, upon her divorce or legal separation fromhim, or during a suit for the
same. Wharton. Burrill.
ALINASAL,Pertaining to expansions of the nasal bone or cartilage.
ALINE,To range or place in a line; to bring into line; to align.Evelyn.
ALINEATION,See Allineation.
ALINEMENT,Same as Alignment.
ALINER,One who adjusts things to a line or lines or brings them intoline. Evelyn.
ALIOTH,A star in the tail of the Great Bear, the one next the bowl inthe Dipper.
ALIPED,Wing-footed, as the bat.-- n.
ALIPHATIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, fat; fatty; -- applied tocompounds
having an openc-hain structure. The aliphatic compoundsthus include not only the
fatty acids and other derivatives of theparaffin hydrocarbons, but also unsaturated
compounds, as theethylene and acetylene series.
ALIQUANT,An aliquant part of a number or quantity is one which does notdivide it
without leaving a remainder; thus, 5 is an aliquant part of16. Opposed to aliquot.
ALIQUOT,An aliquot part of a number or quantity is one which willdivide it without
a remainder; thus, 5 is an aliquot part of 15.Opposed to aliquant.
ALISEPTAL,Relating to expansions of the nasal septum.
ALISH,Like ale; as, an alish taste.
ALISPHENOID,The alisphenoid bone.
ALITRUNK,The segment of the body of an insect to which the wings areattached; the
thorax. Kirby.
ALITURGICAL,Applied to those days when the holy sacrifice is not offered.Shipley.
ALIUNDE,From another source; from elsewhere; as, a case proved aliunde;evidence
aliunde.
ALIZARI,The madder of the Levant. Brande & C.
ALIZARIN,A coloring principle, C14H6O2(OH)2, found in madder, and nowproduced
artificially from anthracene. It produces the Turkish reds.
ALKAHEST,The fabled "universal solvent" of the alchemists; a menstruumcapable of
dissolving all bodies.-- Al`ka*hes"tic, a.
ALKALAMIDE,One of a series of compounds that may be regarded as ammonia inwhich a
part of the hydrogen has been replaced by basic, and anotherpart by acid, atoms or
radicals.
ALKALESCENT,Tending to the properties of an alkali; slightly alkaline.
ALKALI FLAT,A sterile plain, containing an excess of alkali, at the bottomof an
undrained basin in an arid region; a playa.
ALKALI SOIL,Any one of various soils found in arid and semiarid regions,containing
an unusual amount of soluble mineral salts whicheffloresce in the form of a powder
or crust (usually white) in dryweather following rains or irrigation. The basis of
these salts ismainly soda with a smaller amount of potash, and usually a littlelime
and magnesia. Two main classes of alkali are commonlydistinguished: black alkali,
which may be any alkaline carbonate, butwhich practically consists of sodium
carbonate (sal soda), which ishighly corrosive and destructive to vegetation; and
white alkali,characterized by the presence of sodium sulphate (Glauber's
salt),which is less injurious to vegetation. Black alkali is so calledbecause water
containing it dissolves humus, forming a dark-coloredsolution which, when it
collects in puddles and evaporates, producescharacteristic black spots.
ALKALI WASTE,Waste material from the manufacture of alkali; specif., sodawaste.
ALKALI,One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, ammoma,and lithia,
whose distinguishing peculiarities are solubility inalcohol and water, uniting with
oils and fats to form soap,neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to
brown severalvegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.
Fixedalkalies, potash and soda.-- Vegetable alkalies. Same as Alkaloids.-- Volatile
alkali, ammonia, so called in distinction from the fixedalkalies.
ALKALIFIABLE,Capable of being alkalified, or converted into an alkali.
ALKALIFY,To convert into an alkali; to give alkaline properties to.
ALKALIMETER,An instrument to ascertain the strength of alkalies, or thequantity of
alkali in a mixture.
ALKALIMETRY,The art or process of ascertaining the strength of alkalies, orthe
quantity present in alkaline mixtures.
ALKALINE,Of or pertaining to an alkali or to alkalies; having theproperties of an
alkali. Alkaline earths, certain substances, aslime, baryta, strontia, and
magnesia, possessing some of thequalities of alkalies.-- Alkaline metals,
potassium, sodium, cæsium, lithium, rubidium.-- Alkaline reaction, a reaction
indicating alkalinity, as by theaction on limits, turmeric, etc.
ALKALINITY,The quality which constitutes an alkali; alkaline property.Thomson.
ALKALIOUS,Alkaline. [Obs.]
ALKALIZATE,Alkaline. [Obs.] Boyle.
ALKALIZATION,The act rendering alkaline by impregnating with an alkali; aconferring
of alkaline qualities.
ALKALIZE,To render alkaline; to communicate the properties of an alkalito.
ALKALOID,An organic base, especially one of a class of substancesoccurring ready
formed in the tissues of plants and the bodies ofanimals.
ALKANET,A dyeing matter extracted from the roots of Alkanna tinctoria,which gives a
fine deep red color.
ALKARGEN,Same as Cacodylic acid.
ALKARSIN,A spontaneously inflammable liquid, having a repulsive odor,and consisting
of cacodyl and its oxidation products; -- called alsoCadel's fuming liquid.
ALKAZAR,See Alcazar.
ALKEKENGI,An herbaceous plant of the nightshade family (Physalisalkekengi) and its
fruit, which is a well flavored berry, the size ofa cherry, loosely inclosed in a
enlarged leafy calyx; -- also calledwinter cherry, ground cherry, and strawberry
tomato. D. C. Eaton.
ALKERMES,A compound cordial, in the form of a confection, deriving itsname from the
kermes insect, its principal ingredient.
ALKORAN,The Mohammedan Scriptures. Same as Alcoran and Koran.
ALKORANIC,Same as Alcoranic.
ALKORANIST,Same as Alcoranist.
ALL FOURS,All four legs of a quadruped; or the two legs and two arms of aperson. To
be, go, or run, on all fours (Fig.), to be on the samefooting; to correspond (with)
exactly; to be alike in all thecircumstances to be considered. "This example is on
all fours withthe other." "No simile can go on all fours." Macaulay.
ALL HAIL,All health; -- a phrase of salutation or welcome.
ALL,The whole number, quantity, or amount; the entire thing;everything included or
concerned; the aggregate; the whole; totality;everything or every person; as, our
all is at stake.Death, as the Psalmist saith, is certain to all. Shak.All that thou
seest is mine. Gen. xxxi. 43.
ALL-A-MORT,See Alamort.
ALL-HAIL,To salute; to greet. [Poet.]Whiles I stood rapt in the wonder of it, came
missives from the king,who all-hailed me "Thane of Cawdor." Shak.
ALL-POSSESSED,Controlled by an evil spirit or by evil passions; wild.[Colloq.]
ALLA BREVE,With one breve, or four minims, to measure, and sung fasterlike four
crotchets; in quick common time; -- indicated in the timesignature by
ALLAH,The name of the Supreme Being, in use among the Arabs and theMohammedans
generally.
ALLANITE,A silicate containing a large amount of cerium. It is usuallyblack in
color, opaque, and is related to epidote in form andcomposition.
ALLANTOIC,Pertaining to, or contained in, the allantois. Allantoic acid.(Chem.) See
Allantoin.
ALLANTOIDEA,The division of Vertebrata in which the embryo develops anallantois. It
includes reptiles, birds, and mammals.
ALLANTOIN,A crystalline, transparent, colorless substance found in theallantoic
liquid of the fetal calf; -- formerly called allantoic acidand amniotic acid.
ALLATRATE,To bark as a dog. [Obs.] Stubbes.
ALLAY,To diminish in strength; to abate; to subside. "When the rageallays." Shak.
ALLAYER,One who, or that which, allays.
ALLAYMENT,An allaying; that which allays; mitigation. [Obs.]The like allayment
could I give my grief. Shak.
ALLECRET,A kind of light armor used in the sixteenth century, esp. bythe Swiss.
Fairholt.
ALLECT,To allure; to entice. [Obs.]
ALLECTATION,Enticement; allurement. [Obs.] Bailey.
ALLECTIVE,Alluring. [Obs.]
ALLEDGE,See Allege. [Obs.]
ALLEGATION,A statement by a party of what he undertakes to prove, --usually applied
to each separate averment; the charge or matterundertaken to be proved.
ALLEGE,To alleviate; to lighten, as a burden or a trouble. [Obs.]Wyclif.
ALLEGEABLE,Capable of being alleged or affirmed.The most authentic examples
allegeable in the case. South.
ALLEGEANCE,Allegation. [Obs.]
ALLEGEMENT,Allegation. [Obs.]With many complaints and allegements. Bp. Sanderson.
ALLEGER,One who affirms or declares.
ALLEGGE,See Alegge and Allay. [Obs.]
ALLEGIANT,Loyal. Shak.
ALLEGORIST,One who allegorizes; a writer of allegory. Hume.
ALLEGORIZATION,The act of turning into allegory, or of understanding in
anallegorical sense.
ALLEGORIZE,To use allegory. Holland.
ALLEGORIZER,One who allegorizes, or turns things into allegory; anallegorist.
ALLEGORY,A figure representation which has a meaning beyond notiondirectly conveyed
by the object painted or sculptured.
ALLEGRESSE,Joy; gladsomeness.
ALLEGRETTO,Quicker than andante, but not so quick as allegro.-- n.
ALLEGRO,Brisk, lively.-- n.
ALLELOMORPH,One of the pure unit characters commonly existing singly or inpairs in
the germ cells of Mendelian hybrids, and exhibited invarying proportion among the
organisms themselves. Allelomorphs whichunder certain circumstances are themselves
compound are calledhypallelomorphs. See Mendel's law. -- Al*le`lo*mor"phic (#), a.
ALLEMANDE,A dance in moderate twofold time, invented by the French in thereign of
Louis XIV.; -- now mostly found in suites of pieces, likethose of Bach and Handel.
ALLEMANNIC,See Alemannic.
ALLENARLY,Solely; only. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
ALLER,Same as Alder, of all. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ALLERION,Am eagle without beak or feet, with expanded wings. Burke.
ALLEVIATIVE,Tending to alleviate.-- n.
ALLEVIATOR,One who, or that which, alleviaties.
ALLEVIATORY,Alleviative. Carlyle.
ALLEY,Any passage having the entrance represented as wider than theexit, so as to
give the appearance of length.
ALLEYED,Furnished with alleys; forming an alley. "An alleyed walk." SirW. Scott.
ALLEYWAY,An alley.
ALLFOURS,A game at cards, called "High, Low, Jack, and the Game."
ALLHALLOND,Allhallows. [Obs.] Shak.
ALLHALLOW EVE,The evening before Allhallows. See Halloween.
ALLHALLOW,The evening before Allhallows. See Halloween.
ALLHALLOWMAS,The feast of All Saints.
ALLHALLOWN,Of or pertaining to the time of Allhallows. [Obs.] "Allhallownsummer."
Shak. (i. e., late summer; "Indian Summer").
ALLHALLOWTIDE,The time at or near All Saints, or November 1st.
ALLHEAL,A name popularly given to the officinal valerian, and to someother plants.
ALLIABLE,Able to enter into alliance.
ALLIACEOUS,Of or pertaining to the genus Allium, or garlic, onions, leeks,etc.;
having the smell or taste of garlic or onions.
ALLIANCE,To connect by alliance; to ally. [Obs.]
ALLIANT,An ally; a confederate. [Obs. & R.] Sir H. Wotton.
ALLICIENCY,Attractive power; attractiveness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ALLICIENT,That attracts; attracting.-- n.
ALLIED,United; joined; leagued; akin; related. See Ally.
ALLIGATE,To tie; to unite by some tie.Instincts alligated to their nature. Sir M.
Hale.
ALLIGATION,A rule relating to the solution of questions concerning thecompounding
or mixing of different ingredients, or ingredients ofdifferent qualities or values.
ALLIGATOR WRENCH,A kind of pipe wrench having a flaring jaw with teeth on oneside.
ALLIGATOR,A large carnivorous reptile of the Crocodile family, peculiarto America.
It has a shorter and broader snout than the crocodile,and the large teeth of the
lower jaw shut into pits in the upper jaw,which has no marginal notches. Besides
the common species of thesouthern United States, there are allied species in South
America.
ALLIGNMENT,See Alignment.
ALLINEATE,To align. [R.] Herschel.
ALLISION,The act of dashing against, or striking upon.The boisterous allision of
the sea. Woodward.
ALLITERAL,Pertaining to, or characterized by alliteration.
ALLITERATE,To employ or place so as to make alliteration. Skeat.
ALLITERATION,The repetition of the same letter at the beginning of two ormore words
immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals;as in the following lines:
-Behemoth, biggest born of earth, upheaved His vastness. Milton.Fly o'er waste fens
and windy fields. Tennyson.
ALLITERATIVE,Pertaining to, or characterized by, alliteration; as,alliterative
poetry.-- Al*lit"er*a*tive*ly, adv.-- Al*lit"er*a*tive*ness, n.
ALLITERATOR,One who alliterates.
ALLIUM,A genus of plants, including the onion, garlic, leek, chive,etc.
ALLMOUTH,The angler.
ALLNESS,Totality; completeness. [R.]The allness of God, including his absolute
spirituality, supremacy,and eternity. R. Turnbull.
ALLNIGHT,Light, fuel, or food for the whole night. [Obs.] Bacon.
ALLOCATUR,"Allowed." The word allocatur expresses the allowance of aproceeding,
writ, order, etc., by a court, judge, or judicialofficer.
ALLOCHROIC,Changeable in color.
ALLOCHROITE,See Garnet.
ALLOCHROOUS,Changing color.
ALLOD,See Allodium.
ALLODIAL,Pertaining to allodium; freehold; free of rent or service; heldindependent
of a lord paramount; -- opposed to feudal; as, allodiallands; allodial system.
Blackstone.
ALLODIALISM,The allodial system.
ALLODIALIST,One who holds allodial land.
ALLODIALLY,By allodial tenure.
ALLODIARY,One who holds an allodium.
ALLODIUM,Freehold estate; land which is the absolute property of theowner; real
estate held in absolute independence, without beingsubject to any rent, service, or
acknowledgment to a superior. It isthus opposed to feud. Blackstone. Bouvier.
ALLOGAMOUS,Characterized by allogamy.
ALLOGAMY,Fertilization of the pistil of a plant by pollen from anotherof the same
species; cross-fertilization.
ALLOGENEOUS,Different in nature or kind. [R.]
ALLOGRAPH,A writing or signature made by some person other than any ofthe parties
thereto; -- opposed to autograph.
ALLOMERISM,Variability in chemical constitution without variation incrystalline
form.
ALLOMEROUS,Characterized by allomerism.
ALLOMORPHIC,Of or pertaining to allomorphism.
ALLOMORPHISM,The property which constitutes an allomorph; the changeinvolved in
becoming an allomorph.
ALLONGE,A thrust or pass; a lunge.
ALLONYMOUS,Published under the name of some one other than the author.
ALLOO,To incite dogs by a call; to halloo. [Obs.]
ALLOPATH,An allopathist. Ed. Rev.
ALLOPATHIC,Of or pertaining to allopathy.
ALLOPATHICALLY,In a manner conformable to allopathy; by allopathic methods.
ALLOPATHIST,One who practices allopathy; one who professes allopathy.
ALLOPATHY,That system of medical practice which aims to combat disease bythe use of
remedies which produce effects different from thoseproduced by the special disease
treated; -- a term invented byHahnemann to designate the ordinary practice, as
opposed tohomeopathy.
ALLOQUY,A speaking to another; an address. [Obs.]
ALLOTHEISM,The worship of strange gods. Jer. Taylor.
ALLOTMENT,The allowance of a specific amount of scrip or of a particularthing to a
particular person. Cottage allotment, an allotment of asmall portion of land to a
country laborer for garden cultivation.[Eng.]
ALLOTRIOPHAGY,A depraved appetite; a desire for improper food.
ALLOTROPHIC,Of or pertaining to allotropism.-- Al`lo*trop"ic*al*ly, adv. Allotropic
state, the severalconditions which occur in a case of allotropism.
ALLOTROPICITY,Allotropic property or nature.
ALLOTROPIZE,To change in physical properties but not in substance. [R.]
ALLOTTABLE,Capable of being allotted.
ALLOTTEE,One to whom anything is allotted; one to whom an allotment ismade.
ALLOTTER,One who allots.
ALLOTTERY,Allotment. [Obs.] Shak.
ALLOW,To admit; to concede; to make allowance or abatement.Allowing still for the
different ways of making it. Addison.To allow of, to permit; to admit. Shak.
ALLOWABLENESS,The quality of being allowable; permissibleness; lawfulness;exemption
from prohibition or impropriety. South.
ALLOWABLY,In an allowable manner.
ALLOWANCE,A customary deduction from the gross weight of goods, differentin
different countries, such as tare and tret.
ALLOWEDLY,By allowance; admittedly. Shenstone.
ALLOXAN,An oxidation product of uric acid. It is of a pale reddishcolor, readily
soluble in water or alcohol.
ALLOXANATE,A combination of alloxanic acid and a base or base or positiveradical.
ALLOXANIC,Of or pertaining to alloxan; -- applied to an acid obtained bythe action
of soluble alkalies on alloxan.
ALLOXANTIN,A substance produced by acting upon uric with warm and verydilute nitric
acid.
ALLOY STEEL,Any steel containing a notable quantity of some other metalalloyed with
the iron, usually chromium, nickel, manganese, tungsten,or vanadium.
ALLOY,To form a metallic compound.Gold and iron alloy with ease. Ure.
ALLOYAGE,The act or art of alloying metals; also, the combination oralloy.
ALLSPICE,The berry of the pimento (Eugenia pimenta), a tree of the WestIndies; a
spice of a mildly pungent taste, and agreeably aromatic;Jamaica pepper; pimento. It
has been supposed to combine the flavorof cinnamon, nutmegs, and cloves; and hence
the name. The name isalso given to other aromatic shrubs; as, the Carolina
allspice(Calycanthus floridus); wild allspice (Lindera benzoin), called
alsospicebush, spicewood, and feverbush.
ALLTHING,Altogether. [Obs.] Shak.
ALLUDE,To refer to something indirectly or by suggestion; to havereference to a
subject not specifically and plainly mentioned; --followed by to; as, the story
alludes to a recent transaction.These speeches . . . do seem to allude unto such
ministerial garmentsas were then in use. Hooker.
ALLUMETTE,A match for lighting candles, lamps, etc.
ALLUMINOR,An illuminator of manuscripts and books; a limner. [Obs.]Cowell.
ALLURANCE,Allurement. [R.]
ALLURE,To attempt to draw; to tempt by a lure or bait, that is, by theoffer of some
good, real or apparent; to invite by somethingflattering or acceptable; to entice;
to attract.With promised joys allured them on. Falconer.The golden sun in splendor
likest Heaven Allured his eye. Milton.
ALLURER,One who, or that which, allures.
ALLURING,That allures; attracting; charming; tempting.-- Al*lur"ing*ly, adv.--
Al*lur"ing*ness, n.
ALLUSIVELY,Figuratively [Obs.]; by way of allusion; by implication,suggestion, or
insinuation.
ALLUSIVENESS,The quality of being allusive.
ALLUSORY,Allusive. [R.] Warburton.
ALLUVIAL,Pertaining to, contained in, or composed of, alluvium; relatingto the
deposits made by flowing water; washed away from one place anddeposited in another;
as, alluvial soil, mud, accumulations,deposits.
ALLUVION,An accession of land gradually washed to the shore or bank bythe flowing
of water. See Accretion.
ALLUVIOUS,Alluvial. [R.] Johnson.
ALLUVIUM,Deposits of earth, sand, gravel, and other transported matter,made by
rivers, floods, or other causes, upon land not permanentlysubmerged beneath the
waters of lakes or seas. Lyell.
ALLWHERE,Everywhere. [Archaic]
ALLWORK,Domestic or other work of all kinds; as, a maid of allwork,that is, a
general servant.
ALLY,See Alley, a marble or taw.
ALLYL,An organic radical, C3H5, existing especially in oils of garlicand mustard.
ALLYLENE,A gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H4, homologous with acetylene;propine. CH3.C.CH
ALMA MATER,A college or seminary where one is educated.
ALMAGEST,The celebrated work of Ptolemy of Alexandria, which containsnearly all
that is known of the astronomical observations andtheories of the ancients. The
name was extended to other similarworks.
ALMAGRA,A fine, deep red ocher, somewhat purplish, found in Spain. Itis the sil
atticum of the ancients. Under the name of Indian red itis used for polishing glass
and silver.
ALMANAC,A book or table, containing a calendar of days, and months, towhich
astronomical data and various statistics are often added, suchas the times of the
rising and setting of the sun and moon, eclipses,hours of full tide, stated
festivals of churches, terms of courts,etc. Nautical almanac, an almanac, or year
book, containingastronomical calculations (lunar, stellar, etc.), and
otherinformation useful to mariners.
ALMANDINE,The common red variety of garnet.
ALMENDRON,The lofty Brazil-nut tree.
ALMERY,See Ambry. [Obs.]
ALMESSE,See Alms. [Obs.]
ALMIGHTILY,With almighty power.
ALMIGHTINESS,Omnipotence; infinite or boundless power; unlimited might. Jer.Taylor.
ALMNER,An almoner. [Obs.] Spenser.
ALMOND FURNACE,A kind of furnace used in refining, to separate the metal
fromcinders and other foreign matter. Chambers.
ALMOND,One of the tonsils. Almond oil, fixed oil expressed from sweetor bitter
almonds.-- Oil of bitter almonds, a poisonous volatile oil obtained frombitter
almonds by maceration and distillation; benzoic aldehyde.-- Imitation oil of bitter
almonds, nitrobenzene.-- Almond tree (Bot.), the tree bearing the almond.-- Almond
willow (Bot.), a willow which has leaves that are of alight green on both sides;
almond-leaved willow (Salix amygdalina).Shenstone.
ALMONDINE,See Almandine
ALMONER,One who distributes alms, esp. the doles and alms of religioushouses,
almshouses, etc.; also, one who dispenses alms for another,as the almoner of a
prince, bishop, etc.
ALMONERSHIP,The office of an almoner.
ALMONRY,The place where an almoner resides, or where alms aredistributed.
ALMOSE,Alms. [Obs.] Cheke.
ALMOST,Nearly; well nigh; all but; for the greatest part.Almost thou persuadest me
to be a Christian. Acts xxvi. 28.Almost never, scarcely ever.-- Almost nothing,
scarcely anything.
ALMRY,See Almonry. [Obs.]
ALMS,Anything given gratuitously to relieve the poor, as money,food, or clothing; a
gift of charity.A devout man . . . which gave much alms to the people. Acts x.
2.Alms are but the vehicles of prayer. Dryden.Tenure by free alms. See
Frankalmoign. Blackstone.
ALMSDEED,An act of charity. Acts ix. 36.
ALMSFOLK,Persons supported by alms; almsmen. [Archaic] Holinshed.
ALMSGIVER,A giver of alms.
ALMSGIVING,The giving of alms.
ALMSHOUSE,A house appropriated for the use of the poor; a poorhouse.
ALMUCANTAR,A small circle of the sphere parallel to the horizon; a circleor
parallel of altitude. Two stars which have the same almucantarhave the same
altitude. See Almacantar. [Archaic] Almucanter staff,an ancient instrument, having
an arc of fifteen degrees, formerlyused at sea to take observations of the sun's
amplitude at the timeof its rising or setting, to find the variation of the
compass.
ALMUCE,Same as Amice, a hood or cape.
ALMUDE,A measure for liquids in several countries. In Portugal theLisbon almude is
about 4.4, and the Oporto almude about 6.6, gallonsU. S. measure. In Turkey the
"almud" is about 1.4 gallons.
ALNAGE,Measurement (of cloth) by the ell; also, a duty for suchmeasurement.
ALNAGER,A measure by the ell; formerly a sworn officer in England,whose duty was to
inspect act measure woolen cloth, and fix upon it aseal.
ALOE,The wood of the agalloch. [Obs.] Wyclif.
ALOES WOOD,See Agalloch.
ALOETIC,Consisting chiefly of aloes; of the nature of aloes.
ALOFT,In the top; at the mast head, or on the higher yards orrigging; overhead;
hence (Fig. and Colloq.), in or to heaven.
ALOGIAN,One of an ancient sect who rejected St. John's Gospel and theApocalypse,
which speak of Christ as the Logos. Shipley.
ALOGY,Unreasonableness; absurdity. [Obs.]
ALOIN,A bitter purgative principle in aloes.
ALOMANCY,Divination by means of salt. [Spelt also halomancy.] Morin.
ALONE,Solely; simply; exclusively.
ALONELY,Only; merely; singly. [Obs.]This said spirit was not given alonely unto
him, but unto all hisheirs and posterity. Latimer.
ALONENESS,A state of being alone, or without company; solitariness. [R.]Bp.
Montagu.
ALONG,By the length of, as distinguished from across. "Along thelowly lands."
Dryden.The kine . . . went along the highway. 1 Sam. vi. 12.
ALONGSHORE,Along the shore or coast.
ALONGSHOREMAN,See Longshoreman.
ALONGSIDE,Along or by the side; side by side with; -- often with of; as,bring the
boat alongside; alongside of him; alongside of the tree.
ALONGST,Along. [Obs.]
ALOOF,Same as Alewife.
ALOOFNESS,State of being aloof. Rogers (1642).The . . . aloofness of his dim forest
life. Thoreau.
ALOPECIST,A practitioner who tries to prevent or cure baldness.
ALOSE,To praise. [Obs.]
ALOUATTE,One of the several species of howling monkeys of South America.See Howler,
2.
ALOUD,With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly.Cry aloud, spare not, lift
up thy voice. Isa. lviii. 1.
ALOW,Below; in a lower part. "Aloft, and then alow." Dryden.
ALP,A bullfinch. Rom. of R.
ALPACA,An animal of Peru (Lama paco), having long, fine, wooly hair,supposed by
some to be a domesticated variety of the llama.
ALPEN,Of or pertaining to the Alps. [R.] "The Alpen snow." J.Fletcher.
ALPENGLOW,A reddish glow seen near sunset or sunrise on the summits ofmountains;
specif., a reillumination sometimes observed after thesummits have passed into
shadow, supposed to be due to a curvingdownward (refraction) of the light rays from
the west resulting fromthe cooling of the air.
ALPENSTOCK,A long staff, pointed with iron, used in climbing the Alps.Cheever.
ALPESTRINE,Pertaining to the Alps, or other high mountains; as, Alpestrinediseases,
etc.
ALPHA PAPER,A sensitized paper for obtaining positives by artificial light.It is
coated with gelatin containing silver bromide and chloride.[Eng.]
ALPHA RAYS,Rays of relatively low penetrating power emitted by radium andother
radioactive substances, and shown to consist of positivelycharged particles
(perhaps particles of helium) having enormousvelocities but small masses. They are
slightly deflected by a strongmagnetic or electric field.
ALPHA,The first letter in the Greek alphabet, answering to A, andhence used to
denote the beginning.In am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first
and thelast. Rev. xxii. 13.
ALPHABET,To designate by the letters of the alphabet; to arrangealphabetically.
[R.]
ALPHABETARIAN,A learner of the alphabet; an abecedarian. Abp. Sancroft.
ALPHABETICALLY,In an alphabetic manner; in the customary order of the letters.
ALPHABETICS,The science of representing spoken sounds by letters.
ALPHABETISM,The expression of spoken sounds by an alphabet. Encyc. Brit.
ALPHOL,A crystalline derivative of salicylic acid, used as anantiseptic and
antirheumatic.
ALPHONSINE,Of or relating to Alphonso X., the Wise, King of Castile (1252-1284).
Alphonsine tables, astronomical tables prepared under thepatronage of Alphonso the
Wise. Whewell.
ALPIGENE,Growing in Alpine regions.
ALPINIST,A climber of the Alps.
ALQUIFOU,A lead ore found in Cornwall, England, and used by potters togive a green
glaze to their wares; potter's ore.
ALREADY,Prior to some specified time, either past, present, or future;by this time;
previously. "Joseph was in Egypt already." Exod. i. 5.I say unto you, that Elias is
come already. Matt. xvii. 12.
ALSATIAN,Pertaining to Alsatia.
ALSIKE,A species of clover with pinkish or white flowers; Trifoliumhybridum.
ALT,The higher part of the scale. See Alto. To be in alt, to be inan exalted state
of mind.
ALTARPIECE,The painting or piece of sculpture above and behind the altar;reredos.
ALTARWISE,In the proper position of an altar, that is, at the east of achurch with
its ends towards the north and south. Shipley.
ALTAZIMUTH,An instrument for taking azimuths and altitudes simultaneously.
ALTER,To become, in some respects, different; to vary; to change; as,the weather
alters almost daily; rocks or minerals alter by exposure."The law of the Medes and
Persians, which altereth not." Dan. vi. 8.
ALTERABILITY,The quality of being alterable; alterableness.
ALTERABLE,Capable of being altered.Our condition in this world is mutable and
uncertain, alterable by athousand accidents. Rogers.
ALTERABLENESS,The quality of being alterable; variableness; alterability.
ALTERABLY,In an alterable manner.
ALTERANT,Altering; gradually changing. Bacon.
ALTERATIVE,Causing ateration. Specifically:
ALTERCATE,The contend in words; to dispute with zeal, heat, or anger; towrangle.
ALTERCATION,Warm contention in words; dispute carried on with heat oranger;
controversy; wrangle; wordy contest. "Stormy altercations."Macaulay.
ALTERCATIVE,Characterized by wrangling; scolding. [R.] Fielding.
ALTERITY,The state or quality of being other; a being otherwise. [R.]For outness is
but the feeling of otherness (alterity) renderedintuitive, or alterity visually
represented. Coleridge.
ALTERN,Acting by turns; alternate. Milton. Altern base (Trig.), asecond side made
base, in distinction from a side previously regardedas base.
ALTERNACY,Alternateness; alternation. [R.] Mitford.
ALTERNANT,Composed of alternate layers, as some rocks.
ALTERNAT,A usage, among diplomats, of rotation in precedence amongrepresentatives
of equal rank, sometimes determined by lot and atother times in regular order. The
practice obtains in the signing oftreaties and conventions between nations.
ALTERNATE,Distributed, as leaves, singly at different heights of thestem, and at
equal intervals as respects angular divergence. Gray.Alternate alligation. See
Alligation.-- Alternate angles (Geom.), the internal and angles made by twolines
with a third, on opposite sides of it. It the parallels AB, CD,are cut by the line
EF, the angles AGH, GHD, as also the angles BGHand GHC, are called alternate
angles.-- Alternate generation. (Biol.) See under Generation.
ALTERNATELY,By alternation; when, in a proportion, the antecedent term iscompared
with antecedent, and consequent.
ALTERNATENESS,The quality of being alternate, or of following by turns.
ALTERNATING CURRENT,A current which periodically changes or reverses its
directionof flow.
ALTERNATION,Permutation.
ALTERNATIVELY,In the manner of alternatives, or that admits the choice of oneout of
two things.
ALTERNATIVENESS,The quality of being alternative, or of offering a choicebetween
two.
ALTERNATOR,An electric generator or dynamo for producing alternatingcurrents.
ALTERNITY,Succession by turns; alternation. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
ALTHEINE,Asparagine.
ALTHING,The national assembly or parliament of Iceland. See Thing, n.,8.
ALTHO,Although. [Reformed spelling] Alt"horn`, n. Etym: [Alt + horn.](Mus.)
ALTHORN,An instrument of the saxhorn family, used exclusively inmilitary music,
often replacing the French horn. Grove.
ALTHOUGH,Grant all this; be it that; supposing that;
notwithstanding;though.Although all shall be offended, yet will no I. Mark xiv. 29.
ALTILOQUENCE,Lofty speech; pompous language. [R.] Bailey.
ALTILOQUENT,High-sounding; pompous in speech. [R.] Bailey.
ALTIMETER,An instrument for taking altitudes, as a quadrant, sextant,etc. Knight.
ALTIMETRY,The art of measuring altitudes, or heights.
ALTINCAR,See Tincal.
ALTISCOPE,An arrangement of lenses and mirrors which enables a person tosee an
object in spite of intervening objects.
ALTISONANT,High-sounding; lofty or pompous. Skelton.
ALTISONOUS,Altisonant.
ALTISSIMO,The part or notes situated above F in alt.
ALTITUDE,The elevation of a point, or star, or other celestial object,above the
horizon, measured by the arc of a vertical circleintercepted between such point and
the horizon. It is either true orapparent; true when measured from the rational or
real horizon,apparent when from the sensible or apparent horizon.
ALTITUDINAL,Of or pertaining to height; as, altitudinal measurements.
ALTITUDINARIAN,Lofty in doctrine, aims, etc. [R.] Coleridge.
ALTIVOLANT,Flying high. [Obs.] Blount.
ALTO,Formerly the part sung by the highest male, or counter-tenor,voices; now the
part sung by the lowest female, or contralto, voices,between in tenor and soprano.
In instrumental music it now signifiesthe tenor.
ALTO-CUMULUS,A fleecy cloud formation consisting of large whitish or
grayishglobular cloudlets with shaded portions, often grouped in flocks orrows.
ALTO-RELIEVO,Alto-rilievo.
ALTO-RILIEVO,High relief; sculptured work in which the figures project morethan
half their thickness; as, this figure is an alto-rilievo or inalto-rilievo.
ALTO-STRATUS,A cloud formation similar to cirro-stratus, but heavier and ata lower
level.
ALTOMETER,A theodolite. Knight.
ALTRICAL,Like the articles.
ALTRICES,Nursers, -- a term applied to those birds whose young arehatched in a very
immature and helpless condition, so as to requirethe care of their parents for some
time; -- opposed to præcoces.
ALTRUISM,Regard for others, both natural and moral; devotion to theinterests of
others; brotherly kindness; -- opposed to egoism orselfishness. [Recent] J. S.
Mill.
ALTRUIST,One imbued with altruism; -- opposed to egoist.
ALTRUISTIC,Regardful of others; beneficent; unselfish; -- opposed to Ant:egoistic
or Ant: selfish. Bain.-- Al`tru*is"tic*al*ly, adv.
ALUDEL,One of the pear-shaped pots open at both ends, and so formed asto be fitted
together, the neck of one into the bottom of another insuccession; -- used in the
process of sublimation. Ure.
ALULA,A false or bastard wing. See under Bastard.
ALULAR,Pertaining to the alula.
ALUM ROOT,A North American herb (Heuchera Americana) of the Saxifragefamily, whose
root has astringent properties.
ALUM STONE,A subsulphate of alumina and potash; alunite.
ALUM,A double sulphate formed of aluminium and some other element(esp. an alkali
metal) or of aluminium. It has twenty-four moleculesof water of crystallization.
ALUMEN,Alum.
ALUMINA,One of the earths, consisting of two parts of aluminium andthree of oxygen,
Al2O3.
ALUMINATE,A compound formed from the hydrate of aluminium by thesubstitution of a
metal for the hydrogen.
ALUMINATED,Combined with alumina.
ALUMINE,Alumina. Davy.
ALUMINIC,Of or containing aluminium; as, aluminic phosphate.
ALUMINIFEROUS,Containing alum.
ALUMINIFORM,pertaining the form of alumina.
ALUMINIUM,The metallic base of alumina. This metal is white, but with abluish
tinge, and is remarkable for its resistance to oxidation, andfor its lightness,
pertaining a specific gravity of about 2.6. Atomicweight 27.08. Symbol Al.
Aluminium bronze or gold, a pale gold-colored alloy of aluminium and copper, used
for journal bearings,etc.
ALUMINIZE,To treat impregnate with alum; to alum.
ALUMINOGRAPHY,Art or process of producing, and printing from, aluminiumplates,
after the manner of ordinary lithography. --A*lu`mi*no*graph"ic (#), a.
ALUMINOUS,Pertaining to or containing alum, or alumina; as, aluminousminerals,
aluminous solution.
ALUMINUM,See Aluminium.
ALUMISH,Somewhat like alum.
ALUMNA,A female pupil; especially, a graduate of a school or college.
ALUMNUS,A pupil; especially, a graduate of a college or other seminaryof learning.
ALUNITE,Alum stone.
ALUNOGEN,A white fibrous mineral frequently found on the walls of minesand
quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; -- also calledfeather alum, and hair
salt.
ALURE,A walk or passage; -- applied to passages of various kinds.The sides of every
street were covered with fresh alures of marble.T. Warton.
ALUTATION,The tanning or dressing of leather. [Obs.] Blount.
ALVEARY,The hollow of the external ear. Quincy.
ALVEATED,Formed or vaulted like a beehive.
ALVEOLAR,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, alveoli or little cells,sacs, or
sockets. Alveolar processes, the processes of the maxillarybones, containing the
sockets of the teeth.
ALVEOLARY,Alveolar. [R.]
ALVEOLATE,Deeply pitted, like a honeycomb.
ALVEOLE,Same as Alveolus.
ALVEOLIFORM,Having the form of alveoli, or little sockets, cells, orcavities.
ALVEOLUS,A small cavity in a coral, shell, or fossil
ALVEUS,The channel of a river. Weate.
ALVINE,Of, from, in, or pertaining to, the belly or the intestines;as, alvine
discharges; alvine concretions.
ALWAY,Always. [Archaic or Poetic]I would not live alway. Job vii. 16.
ALYSSUM,A genus of cruciferous plants; madwort. The sweet alyssum (A.maritimum),
cultivated for bouquets, bears small, white, sweet-scented flowers.
AM,The first person singular of the verb be, in the indicativemode, present tense.
See Be.God said unto Moses, I am that am. Exod. iii. 14.
AMABILITY,Lovableness. Jer. Taylor.
AMACRATIC,Amasthenic. Sir J. Herschel.
AMADAVAT,The strawberry finch, a small Indian song bird (Estreldaamandava),
commonly caged and kept for fighting. The female is olivebrown; the male, in
summer, mostly crimson; -- called also redwaxbill. [Written also amaduvad and
avadavat.]
AMADOU,A spongy, combustible substance, prepared from fungus (Boletusand Polyporus)
which grows on old trees; German tinder; punk. It hasbeen employed as a styptic by
surgeons, but its common use is astinder, for which purpose it is prepared by
soaking it in a strongsolution of niter. Ure.
AMAIN,To lower, as a sail, a yard, etc.
AMALGAM,A native compound of mercury and silver.
AMALGAMA,Same as Amalgam.They divided this their amalgama into a number of
incoherentrepublics. Burke.
AMALGAMATE,Coalesced; united; combined.
AMALGAMATIVE,Characterized by amalgamation.
AMALGAMATOR,One who, or that which, amalgamates. Specifically: A machinefor
separating precious metals from earthy particles by bringing themin contact with a
body of mercury with which they form an amalgam.
AMALGAMIZE,To amalgamate. [R.]
AMANITA,A genus of poisonous fungi of the family Agaricaceæ,characterized by having
a volva, an annulus, and white spores. Thespecies resemble edible mushrooms, and
are frequently mistaken forthem. Amanita muscaria, syn. Agaricus muscarius, is the
fly amanita,or fly agaric; and A. phalloides is the death cup.
AMANITINE,The poisonous principle of some fungi.
AMANUENSIS,A person whose employment is to write what another dictates, orto copy
what another has written.
AMARACUS,A fragrant flower. Tennyson.
AMARANT,Amaranth, 1. [Obs.] Milton.
AMARANTACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of whichthe
amaranth is the type.
AMARANTH,A genus of ornamental annual plants (Amaranthus) of manyspecies, with
green, purplish, or crimson flowers.
AMARANTHINE,Same as Amaranth.
AMARINE,A characteristic crystalline substance, obtained from oil ofbitter almonds.
AMARITUDE,Bitterness. [R.]
AMASS,To collect into a mass or heap; to gather a great quantity of;to accumulate;
as, to amass a treasure or a fortune; to amass wordsor phrases.The life Homer has
been written by amassing all the traditions andhints the writers could meet with.
Pope.
AMASSABLE,Capable of being amassed.
AMASSER,One who amasses.
AMASSETTE,An instrument of horn used for collecting painters' colors onthe stone in
the process of grinding.
AMASSMENT,An amassing; a heap collected; a large quantity or numberbrought
together; an accumulation.An amassment of imaginary conceptions. Glanvill.
AMASTHENIC,Uniting the chemical rays of light into one focus, as a certainkind of
lens; amacratic.
AMATE,To dismay; to dishearten; to daunt. [Obs. or Archaic]The Silures, to amate
the new general, rumored the overthrow greaterthan was true. Milton.
AMATEUR,A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or science asto music or
painting; esp. one who cultivates any study or art, fromtaste or attachment,
without pursuing it professionally.
AMATEURISH,In the style of an amateur; superficial or defective like thework of an
amateur.-- Am`a*teur"ish*ly, adv.-- Am`a*teur"ish*ness, n.
AMATEURISM,The practice, habit, or work of an amateur.
AMATEURSHIP,The quality or character of an amateur.
AMATIVE,Full of love; amatory.
AMATIVENESS,The faculty supposed to influence sexual desire; propensity tolove.
Combe.
AMATORIAL,Of or pertaining to a lover or to love making; amatory; as,amatorial
verses.
AMATORIALLY,In an amatorial manner.
AMATORIAN,Amatory. [R.] Johnson.
AMATORIOUS,Amatory. [Obs.] "Amatorious poem." Milton.
AMATORY,Pertaining to, producing, or expressing, sexual love; as,amatory potions.
AMAUROSIS,A loss or decay of sight, from loss of power in the opticnerve, without
any perceptible external change in the eye; -- calledalso gutta serena, the "drop
serene" of Milton.
AMAUROTIC,Affected with amaurosis; having the characteristics ofamaurosis.
AMAZE,To be astounded. [Archaic] B. Taylor.
AMAZEDLY,In amazement; with confusion or astonishment. Shak.
AMAZEDNESS,The state of being amazed, or confounded with fear, surprise,or wonder.
Bp. Hall.
AMAZEFUL,Full of amazement. [R.]
AMAZING,Causing amazement; very wonderful; as, amazing grace.-- A*maz"ing*ly, adv.
AMAZON,A name numerous species of South American parrots of the genusChrysotis
Amazon ant (Zoöl.), a species of ant (Polyergus rufescens),of Europe and America.
They seize by conquest the larvæ and nymphsother species and make slaves of them in
their own nests.
AMAZONIAN,A variety of feldspar, having a verdigris-green color.
AMBAGES,A circuit; a winding. Hence: Circuitous way or proceeding;quibble;
circumlocution; indirect mode of speech.After many ambages, perspicuously define
what this melancholy is.Burton.
AMBAGINOUS,Ambagious. [R.]
AMBAGIOUS,Circumlocutory; circuitous. [R.]
AMBAGITORY,Ambagious. [R.]
AMBASSADORIAL,Of or pertaining to an ambassador. H. Walpole.
AMBASSADORSHIP,The state, office, or functions of an ambassador.
AMBASSADRESS,A female ambassador; also, the wife of an ambassador. Prescott.
AMBASSAGE,Same as Embassage. [Obs. or R.] Luke xiv. 32.
AMBASSY,See Embassy, the usual spelling. Helps.
AMBER FISH,A fish of the southern Atlantic coast (Seriola Carolinensis.)
AMBER ROOM,A room formerly in the Czar's Summer Palace in Russia, whichwas richly
decorated with walls and fixtures made from amber. Theamber was removed by
occupying German troops during the Second WorldWar and has, as of 1997, never been
recovered. The room is beingrecreated from old photographs by Russian artisans.
PJC
AMBER SEED,Seed of the Hibiscus abelmoschus, somewhat resembling millet,brought
from Egypt and the West Indies, and having a flavor like thatof musk; musk seed.
Chambers.
AMBER TREE,A species of Anthospermum, a shrub with evergreen leaves,which, when
bruised, emit a fragrant odor.
AMBER,A yellowish translucent resin resembling copal, found as afossil in alluvial
soils, with beds of lignite, or on the seashore inmany places. It takes a fine
polish, and is used for pipemouthpieces, beads, etc., and as a basis for a fine
varnish. Byfriction, it becomes strongly electric.
AMBERGREASE,See Ambergris.
AMBERGRIS,A substance of the consistence of wax, found floating in theIndian Ocean
and other parts of the tropics, and also as a morbidsecretion in the intestines of
the sperm whale (Physetermacrocephalus), which is believed to be in all cases its
true origin.In color it is white, ash-gray, yellow, or black, and oftenvariegated
like marble. The floating masses are sometimes from sixtyto two hundred and twenty-
five pounds in weight. It is whollyvolatilized as a white vapor at 212º Fahrenheit,
and is highly valuedin perfumery. Dana.
AMBES-AS,Ambs-ace. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AMBIDEXTER,Using both hands with equal ease. Smollett.
AMBIDEXTERITY,A juror's taking of money from the both parties for a verdict.
AMBIDEXTRAL,Pertaining equally to the right-hand side and the left-handside. Earle.
AMBIDEXTROUSLY,In an ambidextrous manner; cunningly.
AMBIDEXTROUSNESS,The quality of being ambidextrous; ambidexterity.
AMBIENT,Encompassing on all sides; circumfused; investing. "Ambientair." Milton.
"Ambient clouds." Pope.
AMBIGENOUS,Of two kinds. (Bot.)
AMBIGU,An entertainment at which a medley of dishes is set on at thesame time.
AMBIGUITY,The quality or state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness oruncertainty,
particularly as to the signification of language,arising from its admitting of more
than one meaning; an equivocalword or expression.No shadow of ambiguity can rest
upon the course to be pursued. I.Taylor.The words are of single signification,
without any ambiguity. South.
AMBIGUOUS,Doubtful or uncertain, particularly in respect tosignification; capable
of being understood in either of two or morepossible senses; equivocal; as, an
ambiguous course; an ambiguousexpression.What have been thy answers What but dark,
Ambiguous, and with doublesense deluding Milton.
AMBIGUOUSLY,In an ambiguous manner; with doubtful meaning.
AMBIGUOUSNESS,Ambiguity.
AMBILEVOUS,Left-handed on both sides; clumsy; -- opposed to ambidexter.[R.] Sir T.
Browne.
AMBILOQUY,Doubtful or ambiguous language. [Obs.] Bailey.
AMBIPAROUS,Characterized by containing the rudiments of both flowers andleaves; --
applied to a bud.
AMBIT,Circuit or compass.His great parts did not live within a small ambit.
Milward.
AMBITION,To seek after ambitiously or eagerly; to covet. [R.]Pausanias, ambitioning
the sovereignty of Greece, bargains withXerxes for his daughter in marriage.
Trumbull.
AMBITIONIST,One excessively ambitious. [R.]
AMBITIONLESS,Devoid of ambition. Pollok.
AMBITIOUSLY,In an ambitious manner.
AMBITIOUSNESS,The quality of being ambitious; ambition; pretentiousness.
AMBITUS,A canvassing for votes.
AMBLER,A horse or a person that ambles.
AMBLINGLY,With an ambling gait.
AMBLOTIC,Tending to cause abortion.
AMBLYGON,An obtuse-angled figure, esp. and obtuse-angled triangle.[Obs.]
AMBLYGONAL,Obtuse-angled. [Obs.] Hutton.
AMBLYOPIC,Of or pertaining to amblyopy. Quain.
AMBLYPODA,A group of large, extinct, herbivorous mammals, common in theTertiary
formation of the United States.
AMBO,A large pulpit or reading desk, in the early Christianchurches. Gwilt.
AMBON,Same as Ambo.
AMBOYNA BUTTON,A chronic contagious affection of the skin, prevalent in thetropics.
AMBOYNA PINE,The resiniferous tree Agathis Dammara, of the Moluccas.
AMBOYNA WOOD,A beautiful mottled and curled wood, used in cabinetwork. It
isobtained from the Pterocarpus Indicus of Amboyna, Borneo, etc.
AMBREATE,A salt formed by the combination of ambreic acid with a base orpositive
radical.
AMBREIC,Of or pertaining to ambrein; -- said of a certain acid producedby digesting
ambrein in nitric acid.
AMBREIN,A fragrant substance which is the chief constituent ofambergris.
AMBRITE,A fossil resin occurring in large masses in New Zealand.
AMBROSE,A sweet-scented herb; ambrosia. See Ambrosia, 3. Turner.
AMBROSIA BEETLE,A bark beetle that feeds on ambrosia.
AMBROSIAC,Having the qualities of ambrosia; delicious. [R.]"Ambrosiacodors." B.
Jonson.
AMBROSIALLY,After the manner of ambrosia; delightfully. "Smeltambrosially."
Tennyson.
AMBROSIAN,Ambrosial. [R.] . Jonson.
AMBROSIN,An early coin struck by the dukes of Milan, and bearing thefigure of St.
Ambrose on horseback.
AMBROTYPE,A picture taken on a place of prepared glass, in which thelights are
represented in silver, and the shades are produced by adark background visible
through the unsilvered portions of the glass.
AMBS-ACE,Double aces, the lowest throw of all at dice. Hence: Bad luck;anything of
no account or value.
AMBULACRAL,Of or pertaining to ambulacra; avenuelike; as, the ambulacralossicles,
plates, spines, and suckers of echinoderms.
AMBULACRIFORM,Having the form of ambulacra.
AMBULANT,Walking; moving from place to place. Gayton.
AMBULATE,To walk; to move about. [R.] Southey.
AMBULATION,The act of walking. Sir T. Browne.
AMBULATIVE,Walking. [R.]
AMBULATORIAL,Ambulatory; fitted for walking. Verrill.
AMBULATORY,Not yet fixed legally, or settled past alteration; alterable;as, the
dispositions of a will are ambulatory until the death of thetestator.
AMBURRY,Same as Anbury.
AMBUSCADE,The body of troops lying in ambush.
AMBUSCADO,Ambuscade. [Obs.] Shak.
AMBUSCADOED,Posted in ambush; ambuscaded. [Obs.]
AMBUSH,To lie in wait, for the purpose of attacking by surprise; tolurk.Nor saw the
snake that ambushed for his prey. Trumbull.
AMBUSHER,One lying in ambush.
AMBUSHMENT,An ambush. [Obs.] 2 Chron. xiii. 13.
AMBUSTION,A burn or scald. Blount.
AMEBEAN,See Am.
AMEL,Enamel. [Obs.] Boyle.
AMELCORN,A variety of wheat from which starch is produced; -- calledalso French
rice.
AMELIORABLE,Capable of being ameliorated.
AMELIORATE,To make better; to improve; to meliorate.In every human being there is a
wish to ameliorate his own condition.Macaulay.
AMELIORATION,The act of ameliorating, or the state of being ameliorated;making or
becoming better; improvement; melioration. "Amelioration ofhuman affairs." J. S.
Mill.
AMELIORATIVE,Tending to ameliorate; producing amelioration or improvement;as,
ameliorative remedies, efforts.
AMELIORATOR,One who ameliorates.
AMEN,An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So beit. At the end of
a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief.When it introduces a declaration, it
is equivalent to truly, verily.It is used as a noun, to demote: (a) concurrence in
belief, or in astatement; assent; (b) the final word or act; (c) Christ as being
onewho is true and faithful.And let all the people say, Amen. Ps. cvi. 48.Amen,
amen, I say to thee, except a man be born again, he can not seethe kingdom of God.
John ii. 3. Rhemish Trans.To say amen to, to approve warmly; to concur in heartily
oremphatically; to ratify; as, I say Amen to all.
AMENABILITY,The quality of being amenable; amenableness. Coleridge.
AMENABLE,Easy to be led; governable, as a woman by her husband. [Obs.]Jacob.
AMENABLENESS,The quality or state of being amenable; liability to answercharges;
answerableness.
AMENABLY,In an amenable manner.
AMENAGE,To manage. [Obs.] Spenser.
AMENANCE,Behavior; bearing. [Obs.] Spenser.
AMEND,To change or modify in any way for the better; as,(a) by simply removing what
is erroneous, corrupt, superfluous,faulty, and the like;(b) by supplying
deficiencies;(c) by substituting something else in the place of what is removed;to
rectify.Mar not the thing that can not be amended. Shak.An instant emergency,
granting no possibility for revision, oropening for amended thought. De Quincey.We
shall cheer her sorrows, and amend her blood, by wedding her to aNorman. Sir W.
Scott.To amend a bill, to make some change in the details or provisions ofa bill or
measure while on its passage, professedly for itsimprovement.
AMENDABLE,Capable of being amended; as, an amendable writ or error.--
A*mend"a*ble*ness, n.
AMENDATORY,Supplying amendment; corrective; emendatory. Bancroft.
AMENDE,A pecuniary punishment or fine; a reparation or recantation.Amende
honorable(#). (Old French Law) A species of infamouspunishment in which the
offender, being led into court with a ropeabout his neck, and a lighted torch in
his hand, begged pardon of hisGod, the court, etc. In popular language, the phrase
now denotes apublic apology or recantation, and reparation to an injured party,for
improper language or treatment.
AMENDER,One who amends.
AMENDFUL,Much improving. [Obs.]
AMENDMENT,Correction of an error in a writ or process.
AMENDS,Compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; reparation. [Nowconst. with
sing. verb.] "An honorable amends." Addison.Yet thus far fortune maketh us amends.
Shak.
AMENITY,The quality of being pleasant or agreeable, whether in respectto situation,
climate, manners, or disposition; pleasantness;civility; suavity; gentleness.A
sweetness and amenity of temper. Buckle.This climate has not seduced by its
amenities. W. Howitt.
AMENORRHOEA,Retention or suppression of the menstrual discharge.
AMENORRHOEAL,Pertaining to amenorrhoea.
AMENT,A species of inflorescence; a catkin.The globular ament of a buttonwood.
Coues.
AMENTIA,Imbecility; total want of understanding.
AMENTIFEROUS,Bearing catkins. Balfour.
AMENTIFORM,Shaped like a catkin.
AMENTUM,Same as Ament.
AMENUSE,To lessen. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AMERCEABLE,Liable to be amerced.
AMERCEMENT,The infliction of a penalty at the discretion of the court;also, a mulct
or penalty thus imposed. It differs from a fine,in thatthe latter is, or was
originally, a fixed and certain sum prescribedby statue for an offense; but an
amercement is arbitrary. Hence, theact or practice of affeering. [See Affeer.]
Blackstone.
AMERCER,One who amerces.
AMERCIAMENT,Same as Amercement. Mozley & W.
AMERICAN PLAN,In hotels, aplan upon which guests pay for both room and boardby the
day, week, or other convenient period; -- contrasted withEuropean plan.
AMERICAN PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION,A secret organization in the United States, formed
in Iowa in1887, ostensibly for the protection of American institutions bykeeping
Roman Catholics out of public office. Abbrev. commonly to A.P .A.
AMERICAN,A native of America; -- originally applied to the aboriginalinhabitants,
but now applied to the descendants of Europeans born inAmerica, and especially to
the citizens of the United States.The name American must always exalt the pride of
patriotism.Washington.
AMERICANIZATION,The process of Americanizing.
AMERICANIZE,To render American; to assimilate to the Americans in customs,ideas,
etc.; to stamp with American characteristics.
AMES-ACE,Same as Ambs-ace.
AMESS,Amice, a hood or cape. See 2d Amice.
AMETABOLA,A group of insects which do not undergo any metamorphosis.[Written also
Ametabolia.]
AMETABOLIAN,Of or pertaining to insects that do undergo any metamorphosis.
AMETHODIST,One without method; a quack. [Obs.]
AMETHYST,A variety of crystallized quartz, of a purple or bluish violetcolor, of
different shades. It is much used as a jeweler's stone.Oriental amethyst, the
violet-blue variety of transparentcrystallized corundum or sapphire.
AMETROPIA,Any abnormal condition of the refracting powers of the eye.--
Am`e*trop"ic, a.
AMHARIC,Of or pertaining to Amhara, a division of Abyssinia; as, theAmharic
language is closely allied to the Ethiopic.-- n.
AMIA,A genus of fresh-water ganoid fishes, exclusively confined toNorth America;
called bowfin in Lake Champlain, dogfish in Lake Erie,and mudfish in South
Carolina, etc. See Bowfin.
AMIABILITY,The quality of being amiable; amiableness; sweetness ofdisposition.Every
excellency is a degree of amiability. Jer. Taylor.
AMIABLENESS,The quality of being amiable; amiability.
AMIABLY,In an amiable manner.
AMIANTH,See Amianthus. [Poetic]
AMIANTHIFORM,Resembling amianthus in form.
AMIANTHOID,Resembling amianthus.
AMIANTHUS,Earth flax, or mountain flax; a soft silky variety of asbestus.
AMIC,Related to, or derived, ammonia; -- used chiefly as a suffix;as, amic acid;
phosphamic acid. Amic acid (Chem.), one of a class ofnitrogenized acids somewhat
resembling amides.
AMICABILITY,The quality of being amicable; friendliness; amicableness. Ash.
AMICABLE,Friendly; proceeding from, or exhibiting, friendliness; afterthe manner of
friends; peaceable; as, an amicable disposition, orarrangement.That which was most
remarkable in this contest was . . . the amicablemanner in which it was managed.
Prideoux.Amicable action (Law.), an action commenced and prosecuted byamicable
consent of the parties, for the purpose of obtaining adecision of the court on some
matter of law involved in it. Bouvier.Burrill.-- Amicable numbers (Math.), two
numbers, each of which is equal tothe sum of all the aliquot parts of the other.
AMICABLENESS,The quality of being amicable; amicability.
AMICABLY,In an amicable manner.
AMICE,A square of white linen worn at first on the head, but nowabout the neck and
shoulders, by priests of the Roman Catholic Churchwhile saying Mass.
AMID,See Amidst.
AMIDE,A compound formed by the union of amidogen with an acid elementor radical. It
may also be regarded as ammonia in which one or morehydrogen atoms have been
replaced by an acid atom or radical. Acidamide, a neutral compound formed by the
substitution of the amidogroup for hydroxyl in an acid.
AMIDIN,Start modified by heat so as to become a transparent mass, likehorn. It is
soluble in cold water.
AMIDO,Containing, or derived from, amidogen. Amido acid, an acid inwhich a portion
of the nonacid hydrogen has been replaced by theamido group. The amido acids are
both basic and acid.-- Amido group, amidogen, NH2.
AMIDOGEN,A compound radical, NH2, not yet obtained in a separate state,which may be
regarded as ammonia from the molecule of which one ofits hydrogen atoms has been
removed; -- called also the amido group,and in composition represented by the form
amido.
AMIDOL,A salt of a diamino phenol, C6H3(OH)(NH2)2, used as adeveloper.
AMIDSHIPS,In the middle of a ship, with regard to her length, andsometimes also her
breadth. Totten.
AMIGO,A friend; -- a Spanish term applied in the Philippine Islandsto friendly
natives.
AMINE,One of a class of strongly basic substances derived fromammonia by
replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by a basic atomor radical.
AMINOL,A colorless liquid prepared from herring brine and containingamines, used as
a local antiseptic.
AMIOID,Like or pertaining to the Amioidei.-- n.
AMIOIDEI,An order of ganoid fishes of which Amis is type. See Bowfin andGanoidei.
AMIR,Same as Ameer.
AMISH,The Amish Mennonites.
AMISS,Astray; faultily; improperly; wrongly; ill.What error drives our eyes and
ears amiss Shak.Ye ask and receive not, because ye ask amiss. James iv. 3.To take
(an act, thing) amiss, to impute a wrong motive to (an act orthing); to take
offense at' to take unkindly; as, you must not takethese questions amiss.
AMISSIBILITY,The quality of being amissible; possibility of being lost. [R.]Notions
of popular rights and the amissibility of sovereign power formisconduct were
alternately broached by the two great religiousparties of Europe. Hallam.
AMISSIBLE,Liable to be lost. [R.]
AMISSION,Deprivation; loss. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
AMIT,To lose. [Obs.]A lodestone fired doth presently amit its proper virtue. Sir
T.Browne.
AMITOSIS,Cell division in which there is first a simple cleavage of thenucleus
without change in its structure (such as the formation ofchromosomes), followed by
the division of the cytoplasm; direct celldivision; -- opposed to mitosis. It is
not the usual mode ofdivision, and is believed by many to occur chiefly in
highlyspecialized cells which are incapable of long-continuedmultiplication, in
transitory structures, and in those in earlystages of degeneration.
AMITOTIC,Of or pertaining to amitosis; karyostenotic; -- opposed tomitotic.
AMITY,Friendship, in a general sense, between individuals, societies,or nations;
friendly relations; good understanding; as, a treaty ofamity and commerce; the
amity of the Whigs and Tories.To live on terms of amity with vice. Cowper.
AMMA,An abbes or spiritual mother.
AMMETER,A contraction of amperometer or ampèremeter.
AMMIRAL,An obsolete form of admiral. "The mast of some great ammiral."Milton.
AMMITE,Oölite or roestone; -- written also hammite. [Obs.]
AMMONAL,An explosive consisting of a mixture of powdered aluminium andnitrate of
ammonium.
AMMONIA,A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with apungent smell and
taste: -- often called volatile alkali, and spiritsof hartshorn.
AMMONIACAL FERMENTATION,Any fermentation process by which ammonia is formed, as
that bywhich urea is converted into ammonium carbonate when urine is exposedto the
air.
AMMONIATED,Combined or impregnated with ammonia.
AMMONIC,Of or pertaining to ammonia.
AMMONITE,A fossil cephalopod shell related to the nautilus. There aremany genera
and species, and all are extinct, the typical formshaving existed only in the
Mesozoic age, when they were exceedinglynumerous. They differ from the nautili in
having the margins of thesepta very much lobed or plaited, and the siphuncle
dorsal. Alsocalled serpent stone, snake stone, and cornu Ammonis.
AMMONITIFEROUS,Containing fossil ammonites.
AMMONITOIDEA,An extensive group of fossil cephalopods often very abundant
inMesozoic rocks. See Ammonite.
AMMONIUM,A compound radical, NH4, having the chemical relations of astrongly basic
element like the alkali metals.
AMMUNITION,To provide with ammunition.
AMNESIA,Forgetfulness; also, a defect of speech, from cerebral disease,in which the
patient substitutes wrong words or names in the place ofthose he wishes to employ.
Quian.
AMNESIC,Of or pertaining to amnesia. "Amnesic or coördinate defects."Quian.
AMNESTIC,Causing loss of memory.
AMNESTY,To grant amnesty to.
AMNICOLIST,One who lives near a river. [Obs.] Bailey.
AMNIGENOUS,Born or bred in, of, or near a river. [Obs.] Bailey.
AMNION,A thin membrane surrounding the embryos of mammals, birds, andreptiles.
AMNIOS,Same as Amnion.
AMNIOTA,That group of vertebrates which develops in its embryonic lifethe envelope
called the amnion. It comprises the reptiles, the birds,and the mammals.
AMNIOTIC,Of or pertaining to the amnion; characterized by an amnion; as,the
amniotic fluid; the amniotic sac. Amniotic acid. (Chem.) [R.] SeeAllantoin.
AMOEBA,A rhizopod. common in fresh water, capable of undergoing manychanges of form
at will. See Rhizopoda.
AMOEBAEUM,A poem in which persons are represented at speakingalternately; as the
third and seventh eclogues of Virgil.
AMOEBEA,That division of the Rhizopoda which includes the amoeba andsimilar forms.
AMOEBEAN,Alternately answering.
AMOEBIAN,One of the Amoebea.
AMOEBOUS,Like an amoeba in structure.
AMOLE,Any detergent plant, or the part of it used as a detergent, asthe roots of
Agave Americana, Chlorogalum pomeridianum, etc. [Sp.Amer. & Mex.]
AMOLITION,Removal; a putting away. [Obs.] Bp. Ward (1673).
AMOMUM,A genus of aromatic plants. It includes species which bearcardamoms, and
grains of paradise.
AMONESTE,To admonish. [Obs.]
AMONTILLADO,A dry kind of cherry, of a light color. Simmonds.
AMORETTE,An amoret. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
AMORIST,A lover; a gallant. [R.] Milton.It was the custom for an amorist to impress
the name of his mistressin the dust, or upon the damp earth, with letters fixed
upon hisshoe. Southey.
AMOROSA,A wanton woman; a courtesan. Sir T. Herbert.
AMOROSITY,The quality of being amorous; lovingness. [R.] Galt.
AMOROSO,A lover; a man enamored.
AMOROUSLY,In an amorous manner; fondly.
AMOROUSNESS,The quality of being amorous, or inclined to sexual love;lovingness.
AMORPHA,A genus of leguminous shrubs, having long clusters of purpleflowers; false
or bastard indigo. Longfellow.
AMORPHISM,A state of being amorphous; esp. a state of being withoutcrystallization
even in the minutest particles, as in glass, opal,etc.
AMORPHOZOA,Animals without a mouth or regular internal organs, as thesponges.
AMORPHOZOIC,Of or pertaining to the Amorphozoa.
AMORPHY,Shapelessness. [Obs.] Swift.
AMORT,As if dead; lifeless; spiritless; dejected; depressed. Shak.
AMORTIZABLE,Capable of being cleared off, as a debt.
AMORTIZATION,The act or right of alienating lands to a corporation, whichwas
considered formerly as transferring them to dead hands, or inmortmain.
AMORTIZE,To alienate in mortmain, that is, to convey to a corporation.See Mortmain.
AMORTIZEMENT,Same as Amortization.
AMOTUS,Elevated, -- as a toe, when raised so high that the tip doesnot touch the
ground.
AMOUNT,To signify; to amount to. [Obs.]
AMOUR PROPRE,Self-love; self-esteem.
AMOVABILITY,Liability to be removed or dismissed from office. [R.] T.Jefferson.
AMOVABLE,Removable.
AMOVE,To dismiss from an office or station.
AMPELITE,An earth abounding in pyrites, used by the ancients to killinsects, etc.,
on vines; -- applied by Brongniart to a carbonaceousalum schist.
AMPELOPSIS,A genus formerly including the Virginia creeper.
AMPERAGE,The strength of a current of electricity carried by a conductoror
generated by a machine, measured in ampères.
AMPERE FOOT,A unit, employed in calculating fall of pressure indistributing mains,
equivalent to a current of one ampère flowingthrough one foot of conductor.
AMPERE TURN,A unit equal to the product of one complete convolution (of acoiled
conductor) into one ampère of current; thus, a conductorhaving five convolutions
and carrying a current of half an ampère issaid to have 2½ ampère turns. The
magnetizing effect of a coil isproportional to the number of its ampère turns.
AMPERSAND,A word used to describe the character Halliwell.
AMPHI-,A prefix in words of Greek origin, signifying both, of bothkinds, on both
sides, about, around.
AMPHIARTHRODIAL,Characterized by amphiarthrosis.
AMPHIARTHROSIS,A form of articulation in which the bones are connected
byintervening substance admitting slight motion; symphysis.
AMPHIASTER,The achromatic figure, formed in mitotic cell-division,consisting of two
asters connected by a spindle-shaped bundle ofrodlike fibers diverging from each
aster, and called the spindle.
AMPHIBIA,One of the classes of vertebrates.
AMPHIBIAL,Amphibian. [R.]
AMPHIBIAN,Of or pertaining to the Amphibia; as, amphibian reptiles.
AMPHIBIOLOGICAL,Pertaining to amphibiology.
AMPHIBIOLOGY,A treatise on amphibious animals; the department of naturalhistory
which treats of the Amphibia.
AMPHIBIOTICA,A division of insects having aquatic larvæ.
AMPHIBIOUSLY,Like an amphibious being.
AMPHIBIUM,An amphibian.
AMPHIBLASTIC,Segmenting unequally; -- said of telolecithal ova with
completesegmentation.
AMPHIBOLE,A common mineral embracing many varieties varying in color andin
composition. It occurs in monoclinic crystals; also massive,generally with fibrous
or columnar structure. The color varies fromwhite to gray, green, brown, and black.
It is a silicate of magnesiumand calcium, with usually aluminium and iron. Some
common varietiesare tremolite, actinolite, asbestus, edenite, hornblende (the
lastname being also used as a general term for the whole species).Amphibole is a
constituent of many crystalline rocks, as syenite,diorite, most varieties of
trachyte, etc. See Hornblende.
AMPHIBOLOGICAL,Of doubtful meaning; ambiguous. "Amphibological expressions."Jer.
Taylor.-- Am*phib`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
AMPHIBOLOGY,A phrase, discourse, or proposition, susceptible of twointerpretations;
and hence, of uncertain meaning. It differs fromequivocation, which arises from the
twofold sense of a single term.
AMPHIBOLOUS,Capable of two meanings.An amphibolous sentence is one that is capable
of two meanings, notfrom the double sense of any of the words, but from its
admitting ofa double construction; e. g., "The duke yet lives that Henry
shalldepose." Whately.
AMPHIBOLY,Ambiguous discourse; amphibology.If it oracle contrary to our interest or
humor, we will create anamphiboly, a double meaning where there is none. Whitlock.
AMPHIBRACH,A foot of three syllables, the middle one long, the first andlast short
(as, h. In modern prosody the accented syllable takes theplace of the long and the
unaccented of the short; as, pro-phet''ic.
AMPHICHROIC,Exhibiting or producing two colors, as substances which in thecolor
test may change red litmus to blue and blue litmus to red.
AMPHICOME,A kind of figured stone, rugged and beset with eminences,anciently used
in divination. [Obs.] Encyc. Brit.
AMPHICTYONIC,Of or pertaining to the Amphictyons or their League or Council;as, an
Amphictyonic town or state; the Amphictyonic body. W. Smith.
AMPHICTYONS,Deputies from the confederated states of ancient Greece to acongress or
council. They considered both political and religiousmatters.
AMPHICTYONY,A league of states of ancient Greece; esp. the celebratedconfederation
known as the Amphictyonic Council. Its object was tomaintain the common interests
of Greece.
AMPHID,A salt of the class formed by the combination of an acid and abase, or by
the union of two oxides, two sulphides, selenides, ortellurides, as distinguished
from a haloid compound. [R.] Berzelius.
AMPHIDISC,A peculiar small siliceous spicule having a denticulated wheelat each
end; -- found in freshwater sponges.
AMPHIDROMICAL,Pertaining to an Attic festival at the naming of a child; -- socalled
because the friends of the parents carried the child aroundthe hearth and then
named it.
AMPHIGAMOUS,Having a structure entirely cellular, and no distinct sexualorgans; --
a term applied by De Candolle to the lowest order ofplants.
AMPHIGEAN,Extending over all the zones, from the tropics to the polarzones
inclusive.
AMPHIGEN,An element that in combination produces amphid salt; -- appliedby
Berzelius to oxygen, sulphur, selenium, and tellurium. [R.]
AMPHIGENE,Leucite.
AMPHIGENESIS,Sexual generation; amphigony.
AMPHIGENOUS,Increasing in size by growth on all sides, as the lichens.
AMPHIGONIC,Pertaining to amphigony; sexual; as, amphigonic propagation.[R.]
AMPHIGONOUS,Relating to both parents. [R.]
AMPHIGONY,Sexual propagation. [R.]
AMPHIGORIC,Nonsensical; absurd; pertaining to an amphigory.
AMPHIGORY,A nonsense verse; a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which onfurther
attention proves to be meaningless. [Written alsoamphigouri.]
AMPHIMACER,A foot of three syllables, the middle one short and the otherslong, as
in cast. Andrews.
AMPHINEURA,A division of Mollusca remarkable for the bilateral symmetry ofthe
organs and the arrangement of the nerves.
AMPHIOXUS,A fishlike creature (Amphioxus lanceolatus), two or threeinches long,
found in temperature seas; -- also called the lancelet.Its body is pointed at both
ends. It is the lowest and mostgeneralized of the vertebrates, having neither
brain, skull,vertebræ, nor red blood. It forms the type of the group
Acrania,Leptocardia, etc.
AMPHIPNEUST,One of a tribe of Amphibia, which have both lungs and gills atthe same
time, as the proteus and siren.
AMPHIPOD,One of the Amphipoda.
AMPHIPODA,A numerous group of fourteen -- footed Crustacea, inhabitingboth fresh
and salt water. The body is usually compressed laterally,and the anterior pairs or
legs are directed downward and forward, butthe posterior legs are usually turned
upward and backward. The beachflea is an example. See Tetradecapoda and
Arthrostraca.
AMPHIPODOUS,Of or pertaining to the Amphipoda.
AMPHIPROSTYLE,Doubly prostyle; having columns at each end, but not at thesides.--
n.
AMPHIRHINA,A name applied to the elasmobranch fishes, because the nasalsac is
double.
AMPHISBAENA,A genus of harmless lizards, serpentlike in form, without legs,and with
both ends so much alike that they appear to have a head ateach, and ability to move
either way. See Illustration in Appendix.
AMPHISBAENOID,Like or pertaining to the lizards of the genus Amphisbæna.
AMPHISTOMOUS,Having a sucker at each extremity, as certain entozoa, by meansof
which they adhere.
AMPHISTYLIC,Having the mandibular arch articulated with the hyoid arch andthe
cranium, as in the cestraciont sharks; -- said of a skull.
AMPHITHEATRAL,Amphitheatrical; resembling an amphitheater.
AMPHITHEATRICALLY,In the form or manner of an amphitheater.
AMPHITROCHA,A kind of annelid larva having both a dorsal and a ventralcircle of
special cilia.
AMPHIUMA,A genus of amphibians, inhabiting the Southern United States,having a
serpentlike form, but with four minute limbs and twopersistent gill openings; the
Congo snake.
AMPHOPEPTONE,A product of gastric digestion, a mixture of hemipeptone
andantipeptone.
AMPHORA,Among the ancients, a two-handled vessel, tapering at thebottom, used for
holding wine, oil, etc.
AMPHORAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, an amphora.
AMPHORIC,Produced by, or indicating, a cavity in the lungs, not filled,and giving a
sound like that produced by blowing into an emptydecanter; as, amphoric respiration
or resonance.
AMPHOTERIC,Partly one and partly the other; neither acid nor alkaline;neutral. [R.]
Smart.
AMPLE,Large; great in size, extent, capacity, or bulk; spacious;roomy; widely
extended.All the people in that ample house Did to that image bow their
humbleknees. Spenser.
AMPLECTANT,Clasping a support; as, amplectant tendrils. Gray.
AMPLENESS,The state or quality of being ample; largeness; fullness;completeness.
AMPLEXATION,An embrace. [Obs.]An humble amplexation of those sacred feet. Bp. Hall.
AMPLEXICAUL,Clasping or embracing a stem, as the base of some leaves. Gray.
AMPLIATE,To enlarge. [R.]To maintain and ampliate the external possessions of your
empire.Udall.
AMPLIATION,A postponement of the decision of a cause, for furtherconsideration or
re-argument.
AMPLIATIVE,Enlarging a conception by adding to that which is already knownor
received."All bodies possess power of attraction" is an ampliative judgment;because
we can think of bodies without thinking of attraction as oneof their immediate
primary attribute. Abp. W. Thomson.
AMPLIFICATE,To amplify. [Obs.] Bailey.
AMPLIFICATION,The enlarging of a simple statement by particularity ofdescription,
the use of epithets, etc., for rhetorical effect;diffuse narrative or description,
or a dilating upon all theparticulars of a subject.Exaggeration is a species of
amplification. Brande & C.I shall summarily, without any amplification at all, show
in whatmanner defects have been supplied. Sir J. Davies.
AMPLIFICATIVE,Amplificatory.
AMPLIFICATORY,Serving to amplify or enlarge; amplificative. Morell.
AMPLIFIER,One who or that which amplifies.
AMPLIFY,To enlarge by addition or discussion; to treat copiously byadding
particulars, illustrations, etc.; to expand; to make much of.Troilus and Cressida
was written by a Lombard author, but muchamplified by our English translator.
Dryden.
AMPLITUDE,The horizontal line which measures the distance to which aprojectile is
thrown; the range.
AMPLY,In an ample manner.
AMPUL,Same as Ampulla, 2.
AMPULLA,A narrow-necked vessel having two handles and bellying out likea jug.
AMPULLACEOUS,Like a bottle or inflated bladder; bottle-shaped; swelling.Kirby.
Ampullaceous sac (Zoöl.), one of the peculiar cavities in thetissues of sponges,
containing the zooidal cells.
AMPULLIFORM,Flask-shaped; dilated.
AMPUTATE,To cut off (a limb or projecting part (of the body). Wiseman.
AMPUTATION,The act amputating; esp. the operation of cutting of a limb orprojecting
part of the body.
AMPUTATOR,One who amputates.
AMPYX,A woman's headband (sometimes of metal), for binding the fronthair.
AMRITA,Immorality; also, the nectar conferring immortality.-- a. Ambrosial;
immortal.
AMT,An administrative territorial division in Denmark and Norway.
AMUCK,In a frenzied and reckless. To run amuck, to rush out in astate of frenzy, as
the Malays sometimes do under the influence of"bhang," and attack every one that
comes in the way; to assailrecklessly and indiscriminately.Satire's my weapon, but
I'm too discreet To run amuck, and tilt atall I meet. Pope.
AMULET,An ornament, gem, or scroll, or a package containing a relic,etc., worn as a
charm or preservative against evils or mischief, suchas diseases and witchcraft,
and generally inscribed with mystic formsor characters.
AMULETIC,Of or pertaining to an amulet; operating as a charm.
AMURCOUS,Full off dregs; foul. [R.] Knowles.
AMUSABLE,Capable of being amused.
AMUSE,To muse; to mediate. [Obs.]
AMUSER,One who amuses.
AMUSETTE,A light field cannon, or stocked gun mounted on a swivel.
AMUSING,Giving amusement; diverting; as, an amusing story.-- A*mus"ing*ly, adv.
AMUSIVE,Having power to amuse or entertain the mind; fitted to excitemirth. [R.] --
A*mu"sive*ly, adv.-- A*mu"sive*ness, n.
AMVIS,An explosive consisting of ammonium nitrate, a derivative ofnitrobenzene,
chlorated napthalene, and wood meal.
AMY,A friend. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AMYELOUS,Wanting the spinal cord.
AMYGDALACEOUS,Akin to, or derived from, the almond.
AMYGDALATE,Pertaining to, resembling, or made of, almonds.
AMYGDALIC,Of or pertaining to almonds; derived from amygdalin; as,amygdalic acid.
AMYGDALIFEROUS,Almond-bearing.
AMYGDALIN,A glucoside extracted from bitter almonds as a white,crystalline
substance.
AMYGDALINE,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, almonds.
AMYGDALOID,A variety of trap or basaltic rock, containing small cavities,occupied,
wholly or in part, by nodules or geodes of differentminerals, esp. agates, quartz,
calcite, and the zeolites. When theimbedded minerals are detached or removed by
decomposition, it isporous, like lava.
AMYL ALCOHOL,Any of eight isomeric liquid compounds, C5H11OH; ordinarily, amixture
of two of these forming a colorless liquid with a peculiarcough-exciting odor and
burning taste, the chief constituent of fuseloil. It is used as a source of amyl
compounds, such as amyl acetate,amyl nitrite, etc.
AMYL NITRITE,A yellowish oily volatile liquid, C5H11NO2, used in medicine asa heart
stimulant and a vasodilator. The inhalation of its vaporinstantly produces flushing
of the face.
AMYL,A hydrocarbon radical, C5H11, of the paraffine series found inamyl alcohol or
fusel oil, etc.
AMYLACEOUS,Pertaining to starch; of the nature of starch; starchy.
AMYLATE,A compound of the radical amyl with oxygen and a positive atomor radical.
AMYLENE,One of a group of metameric hydrocarbons, C5H10, of theethylene series. The
colorless, volatile, mobile liquid commonlycalled amylene is a mixture of different
members of the group.
AMYLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, amyl; as, amylic ether. Amylicalcohol
(Chem.), one of the series of alcohols, a transparent,colorless liquid, having a
peculiar odor. It is the hydroxide ofamyl.-- Amylic fermentation (Chem.), a process
of fermentation in starchor sugar in which amylic alcohol is produced. Gregory.
AMYLOBACTER,A microörganism (Bacillus amylobacter) which develops invegetable
tissue during putrefaction. Sternberg.
AMYLOGEN,That part of the starch granule or granulose which is solublein water.
AMYLOGENESIS,The formation of starch.
AMYLOID,The substance deposited in the organs in amyloid degeneration.
AMYLOLYSIS,The conversion of starch into soluble products, as dextrins andsugar,
esp. by the action of enzymes. -- Am`y*lo*lyt"ic (#), a.
AMYLOLYTIC,Effecting the conversion of starch into soluble dextrin andsugar; as, an
amylolytic ferment. Foster.
AMYLOMETER,Instrument for determining the amount of starch in a substance.
AMYLOPLASTIC,Starch-forming; amylogenic.
AMYLOPSIN,The diastase of the pancreatic juice.
AMYLOSE,One of the starch group (C6H10O5)n of the carbohydrates; as,starch, arabin,
dextrin, cellulose, etc.
AMYOUS,Wanting in muscle; without flesh.
AMYSS,Same as Amice, a hood or cape.
AN,This word is properly an adjective, but is commonly called theindefinite
article. It is used before nouns of the singular numberonly, and signifies one, or
any, but somewhat less emphatically. Insuch expressions as "twice an hour," "once
an age," a shilling anounce (see 2d A, 2), it has a distributive force, and is
equivalentto each, every.
ANA,Of each; an equal quantity; as, wine and honey, ana (or,contracted, aa), .,
that is, of wine and honey, each, two ounces.An apothecary with a . . . long bill
of anas. Dryden.
ANA-,A prefix in words from the Greek, denoting up, upward,throughout, backward,
back, again, anew.
ANABAPTISM,The doctrine of the Anabaptists.
ANABAPTIST,A name sometimes applied to a member of any sect holding thatrebaptism
is necessary for those baptized in infancy.
ANABAPTISTRY,The doctrine, system, or practice, of Anabaptists. [R.]Thus died this
imaginary king; and Anabaptistry was suppressed inMunster. Pagitt.
ANABAPTIZE,To rebaptize; to rechristen; also, to rename. [R.] Whitlock.
ANABAS,A genus of fishes, remarkable for their power of living longout of water,
and of making their way on land for considerabledistances, and for climbing trees;
the climbing fishes.
ANABASIS,The first period, or increase, of a disease; augmentation.[Obs.]
ANABATIC,Pertaining to anabasis; as, an anabatic fever. [Obs.]
ANABOLIC,Pertaining to anabolism; an anabolic changes, or processes,more or less
constructive in their nature.
ANABOLISM,The constructive metabolism of the body, as distinguished fromkatabolism.
ANABRANCH,A branch of a river that reënters, or anastomoses with, themain stream;
also, less properly, a branch which loses itself insandy soil. [Australia]
ANACAMPTIC,Reflecting of reflected; as, an anacamptic sound (and echo).
ANACAMPTICALLY,By reflection; as, echoes are sound produced anacamptically.Hutton.
ANACAMPTICS,A group of teleostean fishes destitute of spiny fin-rays, asthe cod.
ANACANTHOUS,Spineless, as certain fishes.
ANACARDIACEOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, a family, or order, of plants ofwhich
the cashew tree is the type, and the species of sumac are wellknown examples.
ANACARDIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the cashew nut; as, anacardicacid.
ANACARDIUM,A genus of plants including the cashew tree. See Cashew.
ANACATHARTIC,Producing vomiting or expectoration.-- n.
ANACHARIS,A fresh-water weed of the frog's-bit family (Hydrocharidaceæ),native to
America. Transferred to England it became an obstruction tonavigation. Called also
waterweed and water thyme.
ANACHORISM,An error in regard to the place of an event or a thing; areferring
something to a wrong place. [R.]
ANACHRONISM,A misplacing or error in the order of time; an error inchronology by
which events are misplaced in regard to each other,esp. one by which an event is
placed too early; falsification ofchronological relation.
ANACHRONISTIC,Erroneous in date; containing an anachronism. T. Warton.
ANACHRONIZE,To refer to, or put into, a wrong time. [R.] Lowell.
ANACHRONOUS,Containing an anachronism; anachronistic.-- An*ach"ro*nous*ly, adv.
ANACLASTIC,Produced by the refraction of light, as seen through water;
as,anaclastic curves.
ANACLASTICS,That part of optics which treats of the refraction of light; --commonly
called dioptrics. Encyc. Brit.
ANACOENOSIS,A figure by which a speaker appeals to his hearers or opponentsfor
their opinion on the point in debate. Walker.
ANACOLUTHIC,Lacking grammatical sequence.-- An`a*co*lu"thic*al*ly, adv.
ANACOLUTHON,A want of grammatical sequence or coherence in a sentence; aninstance
of a change of construction in a sentence so that the latterpart does not
syntactically correspond with the first part.
ANACONDA,A large South American snake of the Boa family (Eunectesmurinus), which
lives near rivers, and preys on birds and smallmammals. The name is also applied to
a similar large serpent (Pythontigris) of Ceylon.
ANACREONTIC,Pertaining to, after the manner of, or in the meter of, theGreek poet
Anacreon; amatory and convivial. De Quincey.
ANACROTIC,Pertaining to anachronism.
ANACROTISM,A secondary notch in the pulse curve, obtained in asphygmographic
tracing.
ANACRUSIS,A prefix of one or two unaccented syllables to a verse properlybeginning
with an accented syllable.
ANADEM,A garland or fillet; a chaplet or wreath. Drayton. Tennyson.
ANADIPLOSIS,A repetition of the last word or any prominent word in asentence or
clause, at the beginning of the next, with an adjunctidea; as, "He retained his
virtues amidst all his misfortunes --misfortunes which no prudence could foresee or
prevent."
ANADROM,A fish that leaves the sea and ascends rivers.
ANADROMOUS,Ascending rivers from the sea, at certain seasons, forbreeding, as the
salmon, shad, etc.
ANAEMIA,A morbid condition in which the blood is deficient in qualityor in
quantity.
ANAEMIC,Of or pertaining to anæmia.
ANAEROBIC,Relating to, or like, anaërobies; araërobiotic.
ANAEROBIES,Microörganisms which do not require oxygen, but are killed byit.
Sternberg.
ANAEROBIOTIC,Related to, or of the nature of, anaërobies.
ANAESTHESIA,Entire or partial loss or absence of feeling or sensation; astate of
general or local insensibility produced by disease or by theinhalation or
application of an anæsthetic.
ANAESTHESIS,See Anæsthesia.
ANAESTHETIC,That which produces insensibility to pain, as chloroform,ether, etc.
ANAESTHETIZATION,The process of anæsthetizing; also, the condition of thenervous
system induced by anæsthetics.
ANAESTHETIZE,To render insensible by an anæsthetic. Encyc. Brit.
ANAGLYPH,Any sculptured, chased, or embossed ornament worked in lowrelief, as a
cameo.
ANAGLYPHIC,Work chased or embossed relief.
ANAGLYPTIC,Relating to the art of carving, enchasing, or embossing in lowrelief.
ANAGLYPTICS,The art of carving in low relief, embossing, etc.
ANAGLYPTOGRAPH,An instrument by which a correct engraving of any embossedobject,
such as a medal or cameo, can be executed. Brande & C.
ANAGLYPTOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to anaglyptography; as, analyptographicengraving.
ANAGLYPTOGRAPHY,The art of copying works in relief, or of engraving as to givethe
subject an embossed or raised appearance; -- used in representingcoins, bas-
reliefs, etc.
ANAGNORISIS,The unfolding or dénouement. [R.] De Quincey.
ANAGOGE,Mystical; having a secondary spiritual meaning; as, the rest ofthe Sabbath,
in an anagogical sense, signifies the repose of thesaints in heaven; an anagogical
explication.-- An`a*gog"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANAGOGICS,Mystical interpretations or studies, esp. of the Scriptures. L.Addison.
ANAGOGY,Same as Anagoge.
ANAGRAM,Literally, the letters of a word read backwards, but in itsusual wider
sense, the change or one word or phrase into another bythe transposition of its
letters. Thus Galenus becomes angelus;William Noy (attorney-general to Charles I.,
and a laborious man) maybe turned into I moyl in law.
ANAGRAMMATISM,The act or practice of making anagrams. Camden.
ANAGRAMMATIST,A maker anagrams.
ANAGRAMMATIZE,To transpose, as the letters of a word, so as to form ananagram.
Cudworth.
ANAGRAPH,An inventory; a record. [Obs.] Knowles.
ANAL,Pertaining to, or situated near, the anus; as, the anal fin orglands.
ANALCIME,A white or flesh-red mineral, of the zeolite, occurring inisometric
crystals. By friction, it acquires a weak electricity;hence its name.
ANALCITE,Analcime.
ANALECTIC,Relating to analects; made up of selections; as, an analecticmagazine.
ANALEMMA,An orthographic projection of the sphere on the plane of themeridian, the
eye being supposed at an infinite distance, and in theeast or west point of the
horizon.
ANALEPTIC,Restorative; giving strength after disease.-- n.
ANALGESIA,Absence of sensibility to pain. Quain.
ANALLAGMATIC,Not changed in form by inversion. Anallagmatic curves, a classof
curves of the fourth degree which have certain peculiar relationsto circles; --
sometimes called bicircular quartics.-- Anallagmatic surfaces, a certain class of
surfaces of the fourthdegree.
ANALLANTOIC,Without, or not developing, an allantois.
ANALLANTOIDEA,The division of Vertebrata in which no allantois is developed.It
includes amphibians, fishes, and lower forms.
ANALOGAL,Analogous. [Obs.] Donne.
ANALOGIC,Of or belonging to analogy. Geo. Eliot.
ANALOGICALLY,In an analogical sense; in accordance with analogy; by way
ofsimilitude.A prince is analogically styled a pilot, being to the state as apilot
is to the vessel. Berkeley.
ANALOGICALNESS,Quality of being analogical.
ANALOGISM,an argument from the cause to the effect; an a priori argument.Johnson.
ANALOGIST,One who reasons from analogy, or represent, by analogy. Cheyne.
ANALOGIZE,To employ, or reason by, analogy.
ANALOGON,Analogue.
ANALOGOUS,Having analogy; corresponding to something else; bearing someresemblance
or proportion; -- often followed by to.Analogous tendencies in arts and manners. De
Quincey.Decay of public spirit, which may be considered analogous to naturaldeath.
J. H. Newman.nalogous pole (Pyroelect.), that pole of a crystal which
becomespositively electrified when heated.
ANALOGUE,A word in one language corresponding with one in another; ananalogous
term; as, the Latin "pater" is the analogue of the English"father."
ANALOGY,A relation or correspondence in function, between organs orparts which are
decidedly different.
ANALYSIS,The separation of a compound substance, by chemical processes,into its
constituents, with a view to ascertain either (a) whatelements it contains, or (b)
how much of each element is present. Theformer is called qualitative, and the
latter quantitative analysis.
ANALYST,One who analyzes; formerly, one skilled in algebraicalgeometry; now
commonly, one skilled in chemical analysis.
ANALYTICALLY,In an analytical manner.
ANALYTICS,The science of analysis.
ANALYZABLE,That may be analyzed.
ANALYZATION,The act of analyzing, or separating into constituent parts;analysis.
ANALYZE,To subject to analysis; to resolve (anything complex) into itselements; to
separate into the constituent parts, for the purpose ofan examination of each
separately; to examine in such a manner as toascertain the elements or nature of
the thing examined; as, toanalyze a fossil substance; to analyze a sentence or a
word; toanalyze an action to ascertain its morality.No one, I presume, can analyze
the sensations of pleasure or pain.Darwin.
ANALYZER,The part of a polariscope which receives the light afterpolarization, and
exhibits its properties.
ANAMESE,Of or pertaining to Anam, to southeastern Asia.-- n.
ANAMNESIS,A recalling to mind; recollection.
ANAMNESTIC,Aiding the memory; as, anamnestic remedies.
ANAMNIOTIC,Without, or not developing, an amnion.
ANAMORPHISM,A gradual progression from one type to another, generallyascending.
Huxley.
ANAMORPHOSCOPE,An instrument for restoring a picture or image distorted
byanamorphosis to its normal proportions. It usually consists of acylindrical
mirror.
ANAMORPHOSIS,A distorted or monstrous projection or representation of animage on a
plane or curved surface, which, when viewed from a certainpoint, or as reflected
from a curved mirror or through a polyhedron,appears regular and in proportion; a
deformation of an image.
ANAMORPHOSY,Same as Anamorphosis.
ANAN,An expression equivalent to What did you say Sir Eh [Obs.]Shak.
ANANAS,The pineapple (Ananassa sativa).
ANANDROUS,Destitute of stamen
ANANGULAR,Containing no angle. [R.]
ANANTHEROUS,Destitute of anthers. Gray.
ANANTHOUS,Destitute of flowers; flowerless.
ANAPEST,A metrical foot consisting of three syllables, the first twoshort, or
unaccented, the last long, or accented; the reverse of thedactyl. In Latin d, and
in English in-ter-vene, are examples ofanapests.
ANAPESTIC,Pertaining to an anapest; consisting of an anapests; as, ananapestic
meter, foot, verse.-- n.
ANAPESTICAL,Anapestic.
ANAPHORA,A repetition of a word or of words at the beginning of two ormore
successive clauses.
ANAPHRODISIA,Absence of sexual appetite.
ANAPHRODISIAC,Same as Antaphrodisiac. Dunglison.
ANAPHRODITIC,Produced without concourse of sexes.
ANAPLASTIC,Of or pertaining to anaplasty.
ANAPLASTY,The art of operation of restoring lost parts or the normalshape by the
use of healthy tissue.
ANAPLEROTIC,Filling up; promoting granulation of wounds or ulcers.-- n.
ANAPNOGRAPH,A form of spirometer.
ANAPNOIC,Relating to respiration.
ANAPODEICTIC,Not apodeictic; undemonstrable. [R.]
ANAPOPHYSIS,An accessory process in many lumbar vertebræ.
ANAPTOTIC,Having lost, or tending to lose, inflections by phonetic decay;as,
anaptotic languages.
ANAPTYCHUS,One of a pair of shelly plates found in some cephalopods, asthe
ammonites.
ANARCH,The author of anarchy; one who excites revolt. Milton.Imperial anarchs
doubling human woes. Byron.
ANARCHAL,Lawless; anarchical. [R.]We are in the habit of calling those bodies of
men anarchal which arein a state of effervescence. Landor.
ANARCHISM,The doctrine or practice of anarchists.
ANARCHIST,An anarch; one who advocates anarchy of aims at the overthrowof civil
government.
ANARCHIZE,To reduce to anarchy.
ANARTHROPODA,One of the divisions of Articulata in which there are nojointed legs,
as the annelids; -- opposed to Arthropoda.
ANARTHROPODOUS,Having no jointed legs; pertaining to Anarthropoda.
ANARTHROUS,Used without the article; as, an anarthrous substantive.
ANAS,A genus of water fowls, of the order Anseres, including certainspecies of
fresh-water ducks.
ANASARCA,Dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue; an effusion ofserum into the
cellular substance, occasioning a soft, pale,inelastic swelling of the skin.
ANASARCOUS,Belonging, or affected by, anasarca, or dropsy; dropsical.Wiseman.
ANASEISMIC,Moving up and down; -- said of earthquake shocks.
ANASTALTIC,Styptic. [Obs.] Coxe.
ANASTATE,One of a series of substances formed, in secreting cells, byconstructive
or anabolic processes, in the production of protoplasm;-- opposed to katastate.
Foster.
ANASTATIC,Pertaining to a process or a style of printing from charactersin relief
on zinc plates.
ANASTIGMATIC,Not astigmatic; --said esp. of a lens system which consists ofa
converging lens and a diverging lens of equal and oppositeastigmatism but different
focal lengths, and sensibly free fromastigmatism.
ANASTOMOSE,To inosculate; to intercommunicate by anastomosis, as thearteries and
veins.The ribbing of the leaf, and the anastomosing network of its vessels.I.
Taylor.
ANASTOMOSIS,The inosculation of vessels, or intercommunication between twoor more
vessels or nerves, as the cross communication betweenarteries or veins.
ANASTOMOTIC,Of or pertaining to anastomosis.
ANASTROPHE,An inversion of the natural order of words; as, echoed thehills, for,
the hills echoed.
ANATHEMA,Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an anathema.--
A*nath`e*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANATHEMATISM,Anathematization. [Obs.]We find a law of Justinian forbidding
anathematisms to be pronouncedagainst the Jewish Hellenists. J. Taylor.
ANATHEMATIZATION,The act of anathematizing, or denouncing as accursed;imprecation.
Barrow.
ANATHEMATIZE,To pronounce an anathema against; to curse. Hence: To condemnpublicly
as something accursed. Milton.
ANATHEMATIZER,One who pronounces an anathema. Hammond.
ANATIFA,An animal of the barnacle tribe, of the genus Lepas, having afleshy stem or
peduncle; a goose barnacle. See Cirripedia.
ANATIFER,Same as Anatifa.
ANATIFEROUS,Producing ducks; -- applied to Anatifæ, under the absurd notionof their
turning into ducks or geese. See Barnacle.
ANATINE,Of or pertaining to the ducks; ducklike.
ANATOCISM,Compound interest. [R.] Bouvier.
ANATOMICALLY,In an anatomical manner; by means of dissection.
ANATOMIST,One who is skilled in the art of anatomy, or dissection.
ANATOMIZATION,The act of anatomizing.
ANATOMIZER,A dissector.
ANATREPTIC,Overthrowing; defeating; -- applied to Plato's refutativedialogues.
Enfield.
ANATRON,Having the ovule inverted at an early period in itsdevelopment, so that the
chalaza is as the apparent apex; -- opposedto orthotropous. Gray.
ANATTO,Same as Annotto.
ANCE,A suffix signifying action; also, quality or state; as,assistance, resistance,
appearance, elegance. See -ancy.
ANCESTOR,An earlier type; a progenitor; as, this fossil animal isregarded as the
ancestor of the horse.
ANCESTORIAL,Ancestral. Grote.
ANCESTORIALLY,With regard to ancestors.
ANCESTRAL,Of, pertaining to, derived from, or possessed by, an ancestoror
ancestors; as, an ancestral estate. "Ancestral trees." Hemans.
ANCESTRESS,A female ancestor.
ANCHOR LIGHT,The lantern shown at night by a vessel at anchor. Internationalrules
of the road require vessels at anchor to carry from sunset tosunrise a single white
light forward if under 150 feet in length, andif longer, two such lights, one near
the stern and one forward.
ANCHOR SHOT,A shot made with the object balls in an anchor space.
ANCHOR SPACE,In the balk-line game, any of eight spaces, 7 inches by 3½,lying along
a cushion and bisected transversely by a balk line.Object balls in an anchor space
are treated as in balk.
ANCHOR WATCH,A detail of one or more men who keep watch on deck at nightwhen a
vessel is at anchor.
ANCHOR,An emblem of hope.
ANCHORABLE,Fit for anchorage.
ANCHORAGE,Abode of an anchoret.
ANCHORATE,Anchor-shaped.
ANCHORED,Having the extremities turned back, like the flukes of ananchor; as, an
anchored cross. [Sometimes spelt ancred.]
ANCHORESS,A female anchoret.And there, a saintly anchoress, she dwelt. Wordsworth.
ANCHORETISH,Hermitlike.
ANCHORETISM,The practice or mode of life of an anchoret.
ANCHORITE,Same as Anchoret.
ANCHORITESS,An anchoress. [R.]
ANCHORLESS,Without an anchor or stay. Hence: Drifting; unsettled.
ANCHOVY PEAR,A West Indian fruit like the mango in taste, sometimes pickled;also,
the tree (Grias cauliflora) bearing this fruit.
ANCHOVY,A small fish, about three inches in length, of the Herringfamily (Engraulis
encrasicholus), caught in vast numbers in theMediterranean, and pickled for
exportation. The name is also appliedto several allied species.
ANCHUSIN,A resinoid coloring matter obtained from alkanet root.
ANCHYLOSE,To affect or be affected with anchylosis; to unite orconsolidate so as to
make a stiff joint; to grow together into one.[Spelt also ankylose.] Owen.
ANCHYLOTIC,Of or pertaining to anchylosis.
ANCIENT,Those who lived in former ages, as opposed to the moderns.
ANCIENTNESS,The quality of being ancient; antiquity; existence from oldtimes.
ANCILE,The sacred shield of the Romans, said to have-fallen fromheaven in the reign
of Numa. It was the palladium of Rome.
ANCILLARY ADMINISTRATION,An administration subordinate to, and in aid of, the
primary orprincipal administration of an estate.
ANCILLARY,Subservient or subordinate, like a handmaid; auxiliary.The Convocation of
York seems to have been always considered asinferior, and even ancillary, to the
greater province. Hallam.
ANCILLE,A maidservant; a handmaid. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ANCISTROID,Hook-shaped.
ANCLE,See Ankle.
ANCOME,A small ulcerous swelling, coming suddenly; also, a whitlow.[Obs.] Boucher.
ANCON,The olecranon, or the elbow. Ancon sheep (Zoöl.), a breed ofsheep with short
crooked legs and long back. It originated inMassachusetts in 1791; -- called also
the otter breed.
ANCONEUS,A muscle of the elbow and forearm.
ANCONOID,Elbowlike; anconal.
ANCONY,A piece of malleable iron, wrought into the shape of a bar inthe middle, but
unwrought at the ends.
ANDABATISM,Doubt; uncertainty. [Obs.] Shelford.
ANDALUSITE,A silicate of aluminium, occurring usually in thick rhombicprisms,
nearly square, of a grayish or pale reddish tint. It wasfirst discovered in
Andalusia, Spain.
ANDANTE,Moving moderately slow, but distinct and flowing; quicker thanlarghetto,
and slower than allegretto.-- n.
ANDANTINO,Rather quicker than andante; between that allegretto.
ANDARAC,Red orpiment. Coxe.
ANDEAN,Pertaining to the Andes.
ANDESINE,A kind of triclinic feldspar found in the Andes.
ANDESITE,An eruptive rock allied to trachyte, consisting essentially ofa triclinic
feldspar, with pyroxene, hornblende, or hypersthene.
ANDINE,Andean; as, Andine flora.
ANDIRON,A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, onebeing placed
on each side; a firedog; as, a pair of andirons.
ANDRANATOMY,The dissection of a human body, especially of a male;androtomy. Coxe.
ANDROCEPHALOUS,Having a human head (upon an animal's body), as the Egyptiansphinx.
ANDROECIUM,The stamens of a flower taken collectively.
ANDROGYNE,An androgynous plant. Whewell.
ANDROID,Resembling a man.
ANDROMEDA,A northern constellation, supposed to represent the mythicalAndromeda.
ANDRON,The apartment appropriated for the males. This was in the lowerpart of the
house.
ANDROPETALOUS,Produced by the conversion of the stamens into petals, asdouble
flowers, like the garden ranunculus. Brande.
ANDROPHAGI,Cannibals; man-eaters; anthropophagi. [R.]
ANDROPHAGOUS,Anthropophagous.
ANDROPHORE,A support or column on which stamens are raised. Gray.
ANDROPOGON,A very large and important genus of grasses, found in nearlyall parts of
the world. It includes the lemon grass of Ceylon and thebeard grass, or broom
sedge, of the United States. The principalsubgenus is Sorghum, including A.
sorghum and A. halepensis, fromwhich have been derived the Chinese sugar cane, the
Johnson grass,the Aleppo grass, the broom corn, and the durra, or Indian
millet.Several East Indian species, as A. nardus and A. schonanthus, yieldfragrant
oils, used in perfumery.
ANDROSPHINX,A man sphinx; a sphinx having the head of a man and the body ofa lion.
ANDROSPORE,A spore of some algæ, which has male functions.
ANDROTOMOUS,Having the filaments of the stamens divided into two parts.
ANDROTOMY,Dissection of the human body, as distinguished from zoötomy;anthropotomy.
[R.]
ANDROUS,A terminal combining form: Having a stamen or stamens;staminate; as,
monandrous, with one stamen; polyandrous, with manystamens.
ANEAR,Near. [R.] "It did not come anear." Coleridge.The measure of misery anear us.
I. Taylor.
ANEATH,Beneath. [Scot.]
ANECDOTAGE,Anecdotes collectively; a collection of anecdotes.All history,
therefore, being built partly, and some of italtogether, upon anecdotage, must be a
tissue of lies. De Quincey.
ANECDOTAL,Pertaining to, or abounding with, anecdotes; as, anecdotalconversation.
ANECDOTE,Unpublished narratives. Burke.
ANECDOTIST,One who relates or collects anecdotes.
ANELACE,Same as Anlace.
ANELECTRIC,Not becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed toidioelectric.-- n.
ANELECTRODE,The positive pole of a voltaic battery.
ANELECTROTONUS,The condition of decreased irritability of a nerve in theregion of
the positive electrode or anode on the passage of a currentof electricity through
it. Foster.
ANEMOGRAM,A record made by an anemograph.
ANEMOGRAPH,An instrument for measuring and recording the direction andforce of the
wind. Knight.
ANEMOGRAPHIC,Produced by an anemograph; of or pertaining to anemography.
ANEMOLOGY,The science of the wind.
ANEMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of the wind;a wind
gauge.
ANEMOMETROGRAPH,An anemograph. Knight.
ANEMOMETRY,The act or process of ascertaining the force or velocity of thewind.
ANEMONE,A genus of plants of the Ranunculus or Crowfoot family;windflower. Some of
the species are cultivated in gardens.
ANEMONIC,An acrid, poisonous, crystallizable substance, obtained from,the anemone,
or from anemonin.
ANEMONIN,An acrid, poisonous, crystallizable substance, obtained fromsome species
of anemone.
ANEMONY,See Anemone. Sandys.
ANEMORPHILOUS,Fertilized by the agency of the wind; -- said of plants inwhich the
pollen is carried to the stigma by the wind; wind-Fertilized. Lubbock.
ANEMOSCOPE,An instrument which shows the direction of the wind; a windvane; a
weathercock; -- usually applied to a contrivance consistingof a vane above,
connected in the building with a dial or index withpointers to show the changes of
the wind.
ANEMOSIS,A condition in the wood of some trees in which the rings areseparated, as
some suppose, by the action of high winds upon thetrunk; wind shake.
ANENTEROUS,Destitute of a stomach or an intestine. Owen.
ANEROID,Containing no liquid; -- said of kind of barometer. Aneroidbarometer, a
barometer the action of which depends on the varyingpressure of the atmosphere upon
the elastic top of a metallic box(shaped like a watch) from which the air has been
exhausted. An indexshows the variation of pressure.
ANES,Once. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
ANET,The herb dill, or dillseed.
ANETHOL,A substance obtained from the volatile oils of anise, fennel,etc., in the
form of soft shining scales; -- called also anisecamphor. Watts.
ANETIC,Soothing.
ANEURISM,A soft, pulsating, hollow tumor, containing blood, arising fromthe
preternatural dilation or rupture of the coats of an artery.[Written also
aneurysm.]
ANEURISMAL,Of or pertaining to an aneurism; as, an aneurismal tumor;aneurismal
diathesis. [Written also aneurysmal.]
ANEW,Over again; another time; in a new form; afresh; as, to armanew; to create
anew. Dryden.
ANFRACTUOSE,Anfractuous; as, anfractuose anthers.
ANFRACTUOSITY,A sinuous depression or sulcus like those separating theconvolutions
of the brain.
ANFRACTUOUS,Winding; full of windings and turnings; sinuous; tortuous; as,the
anfractuous spires of a born.-- An*frac"tu*ous*ness, n.
ANFRACTURE,A mazy winding.
ANGARIATION,Exaction of forced service; compulsion. [Obs.] Speed.
ANGEL FISH,See under Angel.
ANGEL,An ancient gold coin of England, bearing the figure of thearchangel Michael.
It varied in value from 6s. 8d. to 10s. Amer. Cyc.
ANGELAGE,Existence or state of angels.
ANGELET,A small gold coin formerly current in England; a half angel.Eng. Cyc.
ANGELHOOD,The state of being an angel; angelic nature. Mrs. Browning.
ANGELIC,Of or derived from angelica; as, angelic acid; angelic ether.Angelic acid,
an acid obtained from angelica and some other plants.
ANGELICALLY,Like an angel.
ANGELICALNESS,The quality of being angelic; excellence more than human.
ANGELIFY,To make like an angel; to angelize. [Obs.] Farindon (1647).
ANGELIZE,To raise to the state of an angel; to render angelic.It ought not to be
our object to angelize, nor to brutalize, but tohumanize man. W. Taylor.
ANGELLIKE,Resembling an angel.
ANGELOLATRY,Worship paid to angels.
ANGELOLOGY,A discourse on angels, or a body of doctrines in regard toangels.The
same mythology commanded the general consent; the sameangelology, demonology.
Milman.
ANGELOPHANY,The actual appearance of an angel to man.
ANGERLY,Angrily. [Obs. or Poetic]Why, how now, Hecate! you look angerly. Shak.
ANGEVINE,Of or pertaining to Anjou in France.-- n. A native of Anjou.
ANGIENCHYMA,Vascular tissue of plants, consisting of spiral vessels,dotted, barred,
and pitted ducts, and laticiferous vessels.
ANGINA,Any inflammatory affection of the throat or faces, as thequinsy, malignant
sore throat, croup, etc., especially such as tendsto produce suffocation, choking,
or shortness of breath. Anginapectoris, a peculiarly painful disease, so named from
a sense ofsuffocating contraction or tightening of the lower part of the chest;--
called also breast pang, spasm of the chest.
ANGIO-,A prefix, or combining form, in numerous compounds, usuallyrelating to seed
or blood vessels, or to something contained in, orcovered by, a vessel.
ANGIOGRAPHY,A description of blood vessels and lymphatics.
ANGIOLOGY,That part of anatomy which treats of blood vessels andlymphatics.
ANGIOMA,A tumor composed chiefly of dilated blood vessels.
ANGIOMONOSPERMOUS,Producing one seed only in a seed pod.
ANGIONEUROSIS,Any disorder of the vasomotor system; neurosis of a bloodvessel.
--An`gi*o*neu*rot"ic (#), a.
ANGIOPATHY,Disease of the vessels, esp. the blood vessels.
ANGIOSCOPE,An instrument for examining the capillary vessels of animalsand plants.
Morin.
ANGIOSPERM,A plant which has its seeds inclosed in a pericarp.
ANGIOSPERMATOUS,Same as Angiospermous.
ANGIOSPERMOUS,Having seeds inclosed in a pod or other pericarp.
ANGIOSPOROUS,Having spores contained in cells or thecæ, as in the case ofsome
fungi.
ANGIOSTOMOUS,With a narrow mouth, as the shell of certain gastropods.
ANGIOTOMY,Dissection of the blood vessels and lymphatics of the body.Dunglison.
ANGLE OF ENTRY,The angle between the tangent to the advancing edge (of anaërocurve)
and the line of motion; -- contrasted with angle of trail,which is the angle
between the tangent to the following edge and theline of motion.
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE,The angle between the chord of an aërocurve and the
relativedirection of the undisturbed air current.
ANGLE,A name given to four of the twelve astrological "houses."[Obs.] Chaucer.
ANGLED,Having an angle or angles; -- used in compounds; as, right-angled, many-
angled, etc.The thrice three-angled beechnut shell. Bp. Hall.
ANGLEMETER,An instrument to measure angles, esp. one used by geologists tomeasure
the dip of strata.
ANGLER,A fish (Lophius piscatorius), of Europe and America, having alarge, broad,
and depressed head, with the mouth very large. Peculiarappendages on the head are
said to be used to entice fishes withinreach. Called also fishing frog, frogfish,
toadfish, goosefish,allmouth, monkfish, etc.
ANGLES,An ancient Low German tribe, that settled in Britain, whichcame to be called
Engla-land (Angleland or England). The Anglesprobably came from the district of
Angeln (now within the limits ofSchleswig), and the country now Lower Hanover, etc.
ANGLESITE,A native sulphate of lead. It occurs in white or yellowishtransparent,
prismatic crystals.
ANGLEWISE,In an angular manner; angularly.
ANGLEWORM,A earthworm of the genus Lumbricus, frequently used by anglersfor bait.
See Earthworm.
ANGLIAN,Of or pertaining to the Angles.-- n.
ANGLIC,Anglian.
ANGLICE,In English; in the English manner; as, Livorno, AngliceLeghorn.
ANGLICIFY,To anglicize. [R.]
ANGLICITY,The state or quality of being English.
ANGLICIZATION,The act of anglicizing, or making English in character.
ANGLICIZE,To make English; to English; to anglify; render conformable tothe English
idiom, or to English analogies.
ANGLIFY,To convert into English; to anglicize. Franklin. Darwin.
ANGLING,The act of one who angles; the art of fishing with rod andline. Walton.
ANGLO-,A combining form meaning the same as English; or English and,or English
conjoined with; as, Anglo-Turkish treaty, Anglo-German,Anglo-Irish. Anglo-American,
. Of or pertaining to the English andAmericans, or to the descendants of Englishmen
in America.-- n. A descendant from English ancestors born in America, or theUnited
States. Anglo-Danish, a. Of or pertaining to the English andDanes, or to the Danes
who settled in England. Anglo-Indian, a. Of orpertaining to the English in India,
or to the English and East Indianpeoples or languages.-- n. One of the Anglo-Indian
race born or resident in the EastIndies. Anglo-Norman, a. Of or pertaining to the
English and Normans,or to the Normans who settled in England.-- n. One of the
English Normans, or the Normans who conqueredEngland. Anglo-Saxon. See Anglo-Saxon
in the Vocabulary.
ANGLO-CATHOLIC,Of or pertaining to a church modeled on the EnglishReformation;
Anglican; -- sometimes restricted to the ritualistic orHigh Church section of the
Church of England.
ANGLO-CATHOLICISM,The belief of those in the Church of England who accept
manydoctrines and practices which they maintain were those of theprimitive, or
true, Catholic Church, of which they consider theChurch of England to be the lineal
descendant.
ANGLO-SAXON,The Teutonic people (Angles, Saxons, Jutes) of England, or theEnglish
people, collectively, before the Norman Conquest.It is quite correct to call
Æthelstan "King of the Anglo-Saxons," butto call this or that subject of Æthelstan
"an Anglo-Saxon" is simplynonsense. E. A. Freeman.
ANGLO-SAXONDOM,The Anglo-Saxon domain (i. e., Great Britain and the UnitedStates,
etc.); the Anglo-Saxon race.
ANGLOMANIA,A mania for, or an inordinate attachment to, English
customs,institutions, etc.
ANGLOMANIAC,One affected with Anglomania.
ANGLOPHOBIA,Intense dread of, or aversion to, England or the English.--
An"glo*phobe, n.
ANGOLA PEA,A tropical plant (Cajanus indicus) and its edible seed, a kindof pulse;
-- so called from Angola in Western Africa. Called alsopigeon pea and Congo pea.
ANGOLA,A fabric made from the wool of the Angora goat.
ANGOR,Great anxiety accompanied by painful constriction at the upperpart of the
belly, often with palpitation and oppression.
ANGORA,A city of Asia Minor (or Anatolia) which has given its name toa goat, a cat,
etc. Angora cat (Zoöl.), a variety of the domestic catwith very long and silky
hair, generally of the brownish white color.Called also Angola cat. See Cat.--
Angora goat (Zoöl.), a variety of the domestic goat, reared forits long silky hair,
which is highly prized for manufacture.
ANGOSTURA BARK,An aromatic bark used as a tonic, obtained from a SouthAmerican of
the rue family (Galipea cusparia, or officinalis). U. S.Disp.
ANGOUMOIS MOTH,A small moth (Gelechia cerealella) which is very destructive towheat
and other grain. The larva eats out the inferior of the grain,leaving only the
shell.
ANGRILY,In an angry manner; under the influence of anger.
ANGRINESS,The quality of being angry, or of being inclined to anger.Such an
angriness of humor that we take fire at everything. WholeDuty of Man.
ANGUIFORM,Snake-shaped.
ANGUILLIFORM,Eel-shaped.
ANGUINE,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a snake or serpent. "Theanguine or
snakelike reptiles." Owen.
ANGUINEAL,Anguineous.
ANGUINEOUS,Snakelike.
ANGUISH,Extreme pain, either of body or mind; excruciating distress.But they
hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and forcruel bondage. Ex. vi.
9.Anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child. Jer. iv. 31.
ANGULAR,A bone in the base of the lower jaw of many birds, reptiles,and fishes.
ANGULARITY,The quality or state of being angular; angularness.
ANGULARLY,In an angular manner; with of at angles or corners. B. Jonson.
ANGULARNESS,The quality of being angular.
ANGULATE,To make angular.
ANGULATION,A making angular; angular formation. Huxley.
ANGULO-DENTATE,Angularly toothed, as certain leaves.
ANGULOMETER,An instrument for measuring external angles.
ANGULOSE,Angulous. [R.]
ANGULOSITY,A state of being angulous or angular. [Obs.]
ANGULOUS,Angular; having corners; hooked. [R.]Held together by hooks and angulous
involutions. Glanvill.
ANGUST,Narrow; strait. [Obs.]
ANGUSTATE,Narrowed.
ANGUSTATION,The act or making narrow; a straitening or contacting. Wiseman.
ANGUSTICLAVE,A narrow stripe of purple worn by the equites on each side ofthe tunic
as a sign of rank.
ANGUSTURA BARK,See Angostura bark.
ANGWANTIBO,A small lemuroid mammal (Arctocebus Calabarensis) of Africa. Ithas only
a rudimentary tail.
ANHANG,To hang. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ANHARMONIC,Not harmonic. The anharmonic function or ratio of four pointsabcd on a
straight line is the quantity (ac/ad):(bc/bd), where thesegments are to regarded as
plus or minus, according to the order ofthe letters.
ANHELATION,Short and rapid breathing; a panting; asthma. Glanvill.
ANHELE,To pant; to be breathlessly anxious or eager (for). [Obs.]They anhele . . .
for the fruit of our convocation. Latimer.
ANHELOSE,Anhelous; panting. [R.]
ANHELOUS,Short of breath; panting.
ANHIMA,A South American aquatic bird; the horned screamer or kamichi(Palamedea
cornuta). See Kamichi.
ANHINGA,An aquatic bird of the southern United States (Platus anhinga);the darter,
or snakebird.
ANHISTOUS,Without definite structure; as, an anhistous membrane.
ANHUNGERED,Ahungered; longing. [Archaic]
ANHYDRIDE,An oxide of a nonmetallic body or an organic radical, capableof forming
an acid by uniting with the elements of water; -- socalled because it may be formed
from an acid by the abstraction ofwater.
ANHYDRITE,A mineral of a white a slightly bluish color, usually massive.It is
anhydrous sulphate of lime, and differs from gypsum in notcontaining water (whence
the name).
ANHYDROUS,Destitute of water; as, anhydrous salts or acids.
ANIGH,Nigh. [Archaic]
ANIL,A West Indian plant (Indigofera anil), one of the originalsources of indigo;
also, the indigo dye.
ANILE,Old-womanish; imbecile. "Anile ideas." Walpole.
ANILENESS,Anility. [R.]
ANILIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, anil; indigotic; -- applied toan acid
formed by the action of nitric acid on indigo. [R.]
ANILIDE,One of a class of compounds which may be regarded as amides inwhich more or
less of the hydrogen has been replaced by phenyl.
ANILINE,An organic base belonging to the phenylamines. It may beregarded as ammonia
in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced bythe radical phenyl. It is a
colorless, oily liquid, originallyobtained from indigo by distillation, but now
largely manufacturedfrom coal tar or nitrobenzene as a base from which many
brilliantdyes are made.
ANILINISM,A disease due to inhaling the poisonous fumes present in themanufacture
of aniline.
ANILITY,The state of being and old woman; old-womanishness; dotage."Marks of
anility." Sterne.
ANIMADVERSAL,The faculty of perceiving; a percipient. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
ANIMADVERSIVE,Having the power of perceiving; percipient. [Archaic] Glanvill.I do
not mean there is a certain number of ideas glaring and shiningto the animadversive
faculty. Coleridge.
ANIMADVERTER,One who animadverts; a censurer; also [Obs.], a chastiser.
ANIMAL,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, animalcules. "Animalcularlife." Tyndall.
ANIMALCULE,An animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked eye. SeeInfusoria.
ANIMALCULISM,The theory which seeks to explain certain physiological
andpathological by means of animalcules.
ANIMALCULUM,An animalcule.
ANIMALISH,Like an animal.
ANIMALISM,The state, activity, or enjoyment of animals; mere animal lifewithout
intellectual or moral qualities; sensuality.
ANIMALITY,Animal existence or nature. Locke.
ANIMALLY,Physically. G. Eliot.
ANIMALNESS,Animality. [R.]
ANIMASTIC,Pertaining to mind or spirit; spiritual.
ANIMATE,Endowed with life; alive; living; animated; lively.The admirable structure
of animate bodies. Bentley.
ANIMATED,Endowed with life; full of life or spirit; indicatinganimation; lively;
vigorous. "Animated sounds." Pope. "Animatedbust." Gray. "Animated descriptions."
Lewis.
ANIMATEDLY,With animation.
ANIMATER,One who animates. De Quincey.
ANIMATING,Causing animation; life-giving; inspiriting; rousing."Animating cries."
Pope.-- An"i*ma`ting*ly, adv.
ANIMATIVE,Having the power of giving life or spirit. Johnson.
ANIMATOR,One who, or that which, animates; an animater. Sir T. Browne.
ANIME,Of a different tincture from the animal itself; -- said of theeyes of a
rapacious animal. Brande & C.
ANIMIST,One who maintains the doctrine of animism.
ANIMISTIC,Of or pertaining to animism. Huxley. Tylor.
ANIMOSENESS,Vehemence of temper. [Obs.]
ANIMUS,Animating spirit; intention; temper. nimus furandi Etym: [L.](Law),
intention of stealing.
ANION,An electro-negative element, or the element which, in electro-chemical
decompositions, is evolved at the anode; -- opposed tocation. Faraday.
ANISE,An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella anisum) growing naturally inEgypt, and
cultivated in Spain, Malta, etc., for its carminative andaromatic seeds.
ANISEED,The seed of the anise; also, a cordial prepared from it. "Oilof aniseed."
Brande & C.
ANISETTE,A French cordial or liqueur flavored with anise seeds. DeColange.
ANISIC,Of or derived from anise; as, anisic acid; anisic alcohol.
ANISOCORIA,Inequality of the pupils of the eye.
ANISODACTYLOUS,Characterized by unequal toes, three turned forward and onebackward,
as in most passerine birds.
ANISOL,Methyl phenyl ether, C6H5OCH3, got by distilling anisic acid orby the action
of methide on potassium phenolate.
ANISOMERIC,Not isomeric; not made of the same components in the sameproportions.
ANISOMEROUS,Having the number of floral organs unequal, as four petals andsix
stamens.
ANISOMETRIC,Not isometric; having unsymmetrical parts; -- said of crystalswith
three unequal axes. Dana.
ANISOMETROPIA,Unequal refractive power in the two eyes.
ANISOPETALOUS,Having unequal petals.
ANISOPHYLLOUS,Having unequal leaves.
ANISOPLEURA,A primary division of gastropods, including those having spiralshells.
The two sides of the body are unequally developed.
ANISOPODA,A division of Crustacea, which, in some its characteristics,
isintermediate between Amphipoda and Isopoda.
ANISOSPORE,A sexual spore in which the sexes differ in size; -- opposed toisospore.
ANISOSTEMONOUS,Having unequal stamens; having stamens different in number fromthe
petals.
ANISOSTHENIC,Of unequal strength.
ANISOTROPOUS,Anisotropic.
ANITO,In Guam and the Philippines, an idol, fetich, or spirit.
ANKER,A liquid measure in various countries of Europe. The Dutchanker, formerly
also used in England, contained about 10 of the oldwine gallons, or 8
ANKERITE,A mineral closely related to dolomite, but containing iron.
ANKH,A tau cross with a loop at the top, used as an attribute orsacred emblem,
symbolizing generation or enduring life. Called alsocrux ansata.
ANKLE,The joint which connects the foot with the leg; the tarsus.Ankle bone, the
bone of the ankle; the astragalus.
ANKLED,Having ankles; -- used in composition; as, well-ankled. Beau. &Fl.
ANKLET,An ornament or a fetter for the ankle; an ankle ring.
ANKUS,An elephant goad with a sharp spike and hook, resembling ashort-handled boat
hook. [India] Kipling.
ANKYLOSE,Same as Anchylose.
ANKYLOSIS,Same as Anchylosis.
ANKYLOSTOMIASIS,A disease due to the presence of the parasites
Agchylostomaduodenale, Uncinaria (subgenus Necator) americana, or alliednematodes,
in the small intestine. When present in large numbers theyproduce a severe anæmia
by sucking the blood from the intestinalwalls. Called also miner's anæmia, tunnel
disease, brickmaker'sanæmia, Egyptian chlorosis.
ANLACE,A broad dagger formerly worn at the girdle. [Written alsoanelace.]
ANLAUT,An initial sound, as of a word or syllable.
ANNA,An East Indian money of account, the sixteenth of a rupee, orabout 2
ANNAL,See Annals.
ANNALIST,A writer of annals.The monks . . . were the only annalists in those ages.
Hume.
ANNALISTIC,Pertaining to, or after the manner of, an annalist; as, the
dryannalistic style."A stiff annalistic method." Sir G. C. Lewis.
ANNALIZE,To record in annals. Sheldon.
ANNALS,The record of a single event or item. "In deathless annal."Young.
ANNEALER,One who, or that which, anneals.
ANNECTENT,Connecting; annexing. Owen.
ANNELIDA,A division of the Articulata, having the body formed ofnumerous rings or
annular segments, and without jointed legs. Theprincipal subdivisions are the
Chætopoda, including the Oligochæta orearthworms and Polychæta or marine worms; and
the Hirudinea orleeches. See Chætopoda.
ANNELIDOUS,Of the nature of an annelid.
ANNELLATA,See Annelida.
ANNELOID,An animal resembling an annelid.
ANNEX,To join; to be united. Tooke.
ANNEXATIONIST,One who favors annexation.
ANNEXER,One who annexes.
ANNEXION,Annexation. [R.] Shak.
ANNEXIONIST,An annexationist. [R.]
ANNEXMENT,The act of annexing, or the thing annexed; appendage. [R.]Shak.
ANNIHILABLE,Capable of being annihilated.
ANNIHILATE,Anhilated. [Archaic] Swift.
ANNIHILATIONIST,One who believes that eternal punishment consists inannihilation or
extinction of being; a destructionist.
ANNIHILATIVE,Serving to annihilate; destructive.
ANNIHILATOR,One who, or that which, annihilates; as, a fire annihilator.
ANNIHILATORY,Annihilative.
ANNIVERSARILY,Annually. [R.] Bp. Hall.
ANNIVERSARY,Returning with the year, at a stated time; annual; yearly; as,an
anniversary feast. Anniversary day (R. C. Ch.). See Anniversary,n., 2.--
Anniversary week, that week in the year in which the annualmeetings of religious
and benevolent societies are held in Boston andNew York. [Eastern U. S.]
ANNIVERSE,Anniversary. [Obs.] Dryden.
ANNO DOMINI,In the year of the Christian era; as, a. d. 1887.
ANNODATED,Curved somewhat in the form of the letter S. Cussans.
ANNOMINATE,To name. [R.]
ANNOTATE,To explain or criticize by notes; as, to annotate the works ofBacon.
ANNOTATION,A note, added by way of comment, or explanation; -- usually inthe
plural; as, annotations on ancient authors, or on a word or apassage.
ANNOTATIONIST,An annotator. [R.]
ANNOTATIVE,Characterized by annotations; of the nature of annotation.
ANNOTATOR,A writer of annotations; a commentator.
ANNOTATORY,Pertaining to an annotator; containing annotations. [R.]
ANNOTINE,A bird one year old, or that has once molted.
ANNOTINOUS,A year old; in Yearly growths.
ANNOUNCEMENT,The act of announcing, or giving notice; that which
announces;proclamation; publication.
ANNOUNCER,One who announces.
ANNOY,A feeling of discomfort or vexation caused by what onedislikes; also,
whatever causes such a feeling; as, to work annoy.Worse than Tantalus' is her
annoy. Shak.
ANNOYER,One who, or that which, annoys.
ANNOYFUL,Annoying. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ANNOYING,That annoys; molesting; vexatious.-- An*noy"ing*ly, adv.
ANNOYOUS,Troublesome; annoying. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ANNUAL,A Mass for a deceased person or for some special object, saiddaily for a
year or on the anniversary day.
ANNUALIST,One who writes for, or who edits, an annual. [R.]
ANNUALLY,Yearly; year by year.
ANNUARY,Annual. [Obs.] -- n.
ANNUELER,A priest employed in saying annuals, or anniversary Masses.[Obs.] Chaucer.
ANNUENT,Nodding; as, annuent muscles (used in nodding).
ANNUITANT,One who receives, or its entitled to receive, an annuity. Lamb.
ANNUITY,A sum of money, payable yearly, to continue for a given numberof years, for
life, or forever; an annual allowance.
ANNULARITY,Annular condition or form; as, the annularity of a nebula. J.Rogers.
ANNULARRY,In an annular manner.
ANNULARY,Having the form of a ring; annular. Ray.
ANNULATA,A class of articulate animals, nearly equivalent to Annelida,including the
marine annelids, earthworms, Gephyrea, Gymnotoma,leeches, etc. See Annelida.
ANNULATE,One of the Annulata.
ANNULATION,A circular or ringlike formation; a ring or belt. Nicholson.
ANNULET,A small, flat fillet, encircling a column, etc., used byitself, or with
other moldings. It is used, several times repeated,under the Doric capital.
ANNULLABLE,That may be Annulled.
ANNULLER,One who annuls. [R.]
ANNULMENT,The act of annulling; abolition; invalidation.
ANNULOID,Of or pertaining to the Annuloida.
ANNULOIDA,A division of the Articulata, including the annelids and alliedgroups;
sometimes made to include also the helminths and echinoderms.[Written also
Annuloidea.]
ANNULOSA,A division of the Invertebrata, nearly equivalent to theArticulata. It
includes the Arthoropoda and Anarthropoda. By somezoölogists it is applied to the
former only.
ANNULOSAN,One of the Annulosa.
ANNULOSE,Of or pertaining to the Annulosa.
ANNULUS,Ring-shaped structures or markings, found in, or upon, variousanimals.
ANNUMERATE,To add on; to count in. [Obs.] Wollaston.
ANNUMERATION,Addition to a former number. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ANNUNCIABLE,That may be announced or declared; declarable. [R.]
ANNUNCIATE,To announce.
ANNUNCIATION LILY,The common white lily (Lilium candidum). So called because itis
usually introduced by painters in pictures of the Annunciation.
ANNUNCIATIVE,Pertaining to annunciation; announcing. [R.] Dr. H. More.
ANNUNCIATORY,Pertaining to, or containing, announcement; making known. [R.]
ANOA,A small wild ox of Celebes (Anoa depressicornis), allied to thebuffalo, but
having long nearly straight horns.
ANODE,The positive pole of an electric battery, or more strictly theelectrode by
which the current enters the electrolyte on its way tothe other pole; -- opposed to
cathode.
ANODON,A genus of fresh-water bivalves, having to teeth at the hinge.[Written also
Anodonta.]
ANODYNE,Serving to assuage pain; soothing.The anodyne draught of oblivion. Burke.
ANODYNOUS,Anodyne.
ANOIL,The anoint with oil. [Obs.] Holinshed.
ANOINT,Anointed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ANOINTER,One who anoints.
ANOINTMENT,The act of anointing, or state of being anointed; also, anointment.
Milton.
ANOLIS,A genus of lizards which belong to the family Iguanidæ. Theytake the place
in the New World of the chameleons in the Old, and inAmerica are often called
chameleons.
ANOMAL,Anything anomalous. [R.]
ANOMALIPED,One of a group of perching birds, having the middle toe more orless
united to the outer and inner ones.
ANOMALISM,An anomaly; a deviation from rule. Hooker.
ANOMALISTICALLY,With irregularity.
ANOMALOFLOROUS,Having anomalous flowers.
ANOMALOUS,Deviating from a general rule, method, or analogy; abnormal;irregular;
as, an anomalous proceeding.
ANOMALOUSLY,In an anomalous manner.
ANOMALOUSNESS,Quality of being anomalous.
ANOMALY,Any deviation from the essential characteristics of a specifictype.
ANOMIA,A genus of bivalve shells, allied to the oyster, so called fromtheir unequal
valves, of which the lower is perforated forattachment.
ANOMOPHYLLOUS,Having leaves irregularly placed.
ANOMURAN,One of the Anomura.
ANOMY,Disregard or violation of law. [R.] Glanvill.
ANONA,A genus of tropical or subtropical plants of the natural orderAnonaceæ,
including the soursop.
ANONACEOUS,Pertaining to the order of plants including the soursop,custard apple,
etc.
ANONYMITY,The quality or state of being anonymous; anonymousness; also,that which
anonymous. [R.]He rigorously insisted upon the rights of anonymity. Carlyle.
ANONYMOUS,Nameless; of unknown name; also, of unknown /or unavowedauthorship; as,
an anonymous benefactor; an anonymous pamphlet orletter.
ANONYMOUSLY,In an anonymous manner; without a name. Swift.
ANONYMOUSNESS,The state or quality of being anonymous. Coleridge.
ANOPHELES,A genus of mosquitoes which are secondary hosts of the malariaparasites,
and whose bite is the usual, if not the only, means ofinfecting human beings with
malaria. Several species are found in theUnited States. They may be distinguished
from the ordinary mosquitoesof the genus Culex by the long slender palpi, nearly
equaling thebeak in length, while those of the female Culex are very short.
Theyalso assume different positions when resting, Culex usually holdingthe body
parallel to the surface on which it rests and keeping thehead and beak bent at an
angle, while Anopheles holds the body at anangle with the surface and the head and
beak in line with it. Unlessthey become themselves infected by previously biting a
subjectaffected with malaria, the insects cannot transmit the disease.
ANOPHYTE,A moss or mosslike plant which cellular stems, having usuallyan upward
growth and distinct leaves.
ANOPLA,One of the two orders of Nemerteans. See Nemertina.
ANOPLURA,A group of insects which includes the lice.
ANORMAL,Not according to rule; abnormal. [Obs.]
ANORN,To adorn. [Obs.] Bp. Watson.
ANORTHIC,Having unequal oblique axes; as, anorthic crystals.
ANORTHITE,A mineral of the feldspar family, commonly occurring in smallglassy
crystals, also a constituent of some igneous rocks. It is alime feldspar. See
Feldspar.
ANORTHOCLASE,A feldspar closely related to orthoclase, but triclinic. It ischiefly
a silicate of sodium, potassium, and aluminium. Sp. gr., 2.57-- 2.60.
ANORTHOPIA,Distorted vision, in which straight lines appear bent.
ANORTHOSCOPE,An optical toy for producing amusing figures or pictures bymeans of
two revolving disks, on one of which distorted figures arepainted.
ANORTHOSITE,A granular igneous rock composed almost exclusively of a soda-lime
feldspar, usually labradorite.
ANOSMIA,Loss of the sense of smell.
ANOTHER-GAINES,Of another kind. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
ANOTHER-GATES,Of another sort. [Obs.] "Another-gates adventure." Hudibras.
ANOTHER-GUESS,Of another sort. [Archaic]It used to go in another-guess manner.
Arbuthnot.
ANOTTA,See Annotto.
ANOURA,See Anura.
ANOUROUS,See Anurous.
ANSA,A name given to either of the projecting ends of Saturn's ring.
ANSATED,Having a handle. Johnson.
ANSERATED,Having the extremities terminate in the heads of eagles, lions,etc.; as,
an anserated cross.
ANSERES,A Linnæan order of aquatic birds swimming by means of webbedfeet, as the
duck, or of lobed feet, as the grebe. In this order wereincluded the geese, ducks,
auks, divers, gulls, petrels, etc.
ANSERIFORMES,A division of birds including the geese, ducks, and closelyallied
forms.
ANSERINE,Pertaining to the Anseres.
ANSEROUS,Resembling a goose; silly; simple. Sydney Smith.
ANSWER,A counter-statement of facts in a course of pleadings; aconfutation of what
the other party has alleged; a responsivedeclaration by a witness in reply to a
question. In Equity, it is theusual form of defense to the complainant's charges in
his bill.Bouvier.
ANSWERABLENESS,The quality of being answerable, liable, responsible,
orcorrespondent.
ANSWERABLY,In an answerable manner; in due proportion or correspondence;suitably.
ANSWERER,One who answers.
ANSWERLESS,Having no answer, or impossible to be answered. Byron.
ANT BIRD,See Ant bird, under Ant, n.
ANT COW,Any aphid from which ants obtain honeydew.
ANT EGG,One of the small white egg-shaped pupæ or cocoons of the ant,often seen in
or about ant-hills, and popularly supposed to be eggs.
ANT,A hymenopterous insect of the Linnæan genus Formica, which isnow made a family
of several genera; an emmet; a pismire.
ANT-,See Anti-, prefix.
ANT-BEAR,An edentate animal of tropical America (the Tamanoir), livingon ants. It
belongs to the genus Myrmecophaga.
ANT-CATTLE,Various kinds of plant lice or aphids tended by ants for thesake of the
honeydew which they secrete. See Aphips.
ANT-EATER,One of several species of edentates and monotremes that feedupon ants.
See Ant-bear, Pangolin, Aard-vark, and Echidna.
ANT-HILL,A mound thrown up by ants or by termites in forming theirnests.
ANT-LION,A neuropterous insect, the larva of which makes in the sand apitfall to
capture ants, etc. The common American species isMyrmeleon obsoletus, the European
is M. formicarius.
ANTA,A species of pier produced by thickening a wall at itstermination, treated
architecturally as a pilaster, with capital andbase.
ANTACID,A remedy for acidity of the stomach, as an alkali or absorbent.-- a.
ANTACRID,Corrective of acrimony of the humors.
ANTAEAN,Pertaining to Antæus, a giant athlete slain by Hercules.
ANTAGONISM,Opposition of action; counteraction or contrariety of things
orprinciples.
ANTAGONIST,A muscle which acts in opposition to another; as a flexor,which bends a
part, is the antagonist of an extensor, which extendsit.
ANTAGONIZE,To contend with; to oppose actively; to counteract.
ANTAGONY,Contest; opposition; antagonism. [Obs.]Antagony that is between Christ and
Belial. Milton.
ANTALGIC,Alleviating pain.-- n.
ANTALKALINE,Of power to counteract alkalies.
ANTAMBULACRAL,Away from the ambulacral region.
ANTANAGOGE,A figure which consists in answering the charge of anadversary, by a
counter charge.
ANTAPHRODISIAC,Capable of blunting the venereal appetite.-- n.
ANTAPHRODITIC,An antaphroditic medicine.
ANTAPOPLECTIC,Good against apoplexy.-- n.
ANTARCHISM,Opposition to government in general. [R.]
ANTARCHIST,One who opposes all government. [R.]
ANTARCTIC,Opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to thesouthern pole or
to the region near it, and applied especially to acircle, distant from the pole 23º
28min. Thus we say the antarcticpole, circle, ocean, region, current, etc.
ANTARES,The principal star in Scorpio: -- called also the Scorpion'sHeart.
ANTARTHRITIC,A remedy against gout.
ANTASTHMATIC,Opposing, or fitted to relieve, asthma.-- n.
ANTE MORTEM,Before death; -- generally used adjectivelly; as, an ante-mortem
statement; ante-mortem examination.
ANTE,Each player's stake, which is put into the pool before (ante)the game begins.
ANTE-,A Latin preposition and prefix; akin to Gr. anti, Goth. and-,anda- (only in
comp.), AS. and-, ond-, (only in comp.: cf. Answer,Along), G. ant-, ent- (in
comp.). The Latin ante is generally used inthe sense of before, in regard to
position, order, or time, and theGr. opposite, or in the place of.
ANTEACT,A preceding act.
ANTEAL,Being before, or in front. [R.] J. Fleming.
ANTECEDANEOUS,Antecedent; preceding in time. "Capable of antecedaneousproof."
Barrow.
ANTECEDE,To go before in time or place; to precede; to surpass. Sir M.Hale.
ANTECEDENCE,An apparent motion of a planet toward the west; retrogradation.
ANTECEDENCY,The state or condition of being antecedent; priority.Fothherby.
ANTECEDENT,The earlier events of one's life; previous principles, conduct,course,
history. J. H. Newman.If the troops . . . prove worthy of their antecedents, the
victory issurely ours. Gen. G. McClellan.
ANTECEDENTLY,Previously; before in time; at a time preceding; as,antecedently to
conversion. Barrow.
ANTECHAPEL,The outer part of the west end of a collegiate or other chapel.Shipley.
ANTECIANS,See Ant.
ANTECOMMUNION,A name given to that part of the Anglican liturgy for thecommunion,
which precedes the consecration of the elements.
ANTECURSOR,A forerunner; a precursor. [Obs.]
ANTEDILUVIAL,Before the flood, or Deluge, in Noah's time.
ANTEDILUVIAN,Of or relating to the period before the Deluge in Noah's time;hence,
antiquated; as, an antediluvian vehicle.-- n.
ANTEFACT,Something done before another act. [Obs.]
ANTEFLEXION,A displacement forward of an organ, esp. the uterus, in suchmanner that
its axis is bent upon itself. T. G. Thomas.
ANTELOPE,One of a group of ruminant quadrupeds, intermediate between thedeer and
the goat. The horns are usually annulated, or ringed. Thereare many species in
Africa and Asia.The antelope and wolf both fierce and fell. Spenser.
ANTELUCAN,Held or being before light; -- a word applied to assemblies ofChristians,
in ancient times of persecution, held before light in themorning. "Antelucan
worship." De Quincey.
ANTEMERIDIAN,Being before noon; in or pertaining to the forenoon. (Abbrev.a. m.)
ANTEMETIC,Tending to check vomiting.-- n.
ANTEMOSAIC,Being before the time of Moses.
ANTEMUNDANE,Being or occurring before the creation of the world. Young.
ANTEMURAL,An outwork of a strong, high wall, with turrets, in frontgateway (as of
an old castle), for defending the entrance.
ANTENATAL,Before birth. Shelley.
ANTENICENE,Of or in the Christian church or era, anterior to the firstcouncil of
Nice, held a. d. 325; as, antenicene faith.
ANTENNA,A movable, articulated organ of sensation, attached to theheads of insects
and Crustacea. There are two in the former, andusually four in the latter. They are
used as organs of touch, and insome species of Crustacea the cavity of the ear is
situated near thebasal joint. In insects, they are popularly called horns, and
alsofeelers. The term in also applied to similar organs on the heads ofother
arthropods and of annelids.
ANTENNAL,Belonging to the antennæ. Owen.
ANTENNIFEROUS,Bearing or having antennæ.
ANTENNIFORM,Shaped like antennæ.
ANTENNULE,A small antenna; -- applied to the smaller pair of antennæ orfeelers of
Crustacea.
ANTENUMBER,A number that precedes another. [R.] Bacon.
ANTENUPTIAL,Preceding marriage; as, an antenuptial agreement. Kent.
ANTEORBITAL,Same as Antorbital.
ANTEPASCHAL,Pertaining to the time before the Passover, or before Easter.
ANTEPAST,A foretaste.Antepasts of joy and comforts. Jer. Taylor.
ANTEPENDIUM,The hangings or screen in front of the altar; an altar cloth;the
frontal. Smollett.
ANTEPENULTIMATE,Of or pertaining to the last syllable but two.-- n.
ANTEPHIALTIC,Good against nightmare.-- n.
ANTEPILEPTIC,Good against epilepsy.-- n.
ANTEPONE,To put before; to prefer. [Obs.] Bailey.
ANTEPORT,An outer port, gate, or door.
ANTEPORTICO,An outer porch or vestibule.
ANTEPOSITION,The placing of a before another, which, by ordinary rules,ought to
follow it.
ANTEPRANDIAL,Preceding dinner.
ANTEPREDICAMENT,A prerequisite to a clear understanding of the predicaments
andcategories, such as definitions of common terms. Chambers.
ANTERIORITY,The state of being anterior or preceding in time or insituation;
priority. Pope.
ANTERIORLY,In an anterior manner; before.
ANTERO-,A combining form meaning anterior, front; as, antero-posterior,front and
back; antero-lateral, front side, anterior and at the side.
ANTEROOM,A room before, or forming an entrance to, another; a waitingroom.
ANTESTATURE,A small intrenchment or work of palisades, or of sacks ofearth.
ANTESTOMACH,A cavity which leads into the stomach, as in birds. Ray.
ANTETEMPLE,The portico, or narthex in an ancient temple or church.
ANTEVERSION,A displacement of an organ, esp. of the uterus, in such mannerthat its
whole axis is directed further forward than usual.
ANTEVERT,To displace by anteversion.
ANTHELION,A halo opposite the sun, consisting of a colored ring or ringsaround the
shadow of the spectator's own head, as projected on acloud or on an opposite fog
bank.
ANTHELIX,Same as Antihelix.
ANTHELMINTIC,Good against intestinal worms.-- An anthelmintic remedy. [Written also
anthelminthic.]
ANTHEM,To celebrate with anthems. [Poet.]Sweet birds antheming the morn. Keats.
ANTHEMION,A floral ornament. See Palmette.
ANTHEMIS,Chamomile; a genus of composite, herbaceous plants.
ANTHEMWISE,Alternately. [Obs.] Bacon.
ANTHER,That part of the stamen containing the pollen, or fertilizingdust, which,
when mature, is emitted for the impregnation of theovary.-- An"ther*al, a.
ANTHERIDIUM,The male reproductive apparatus in the lower, consisting of acell or
other cavity in which spermatozoids are produced; -- calledalso spermary.--
An`ther*id"i*al, a.
ANTHERIFORM,Shaped like an anther; anther-shaped.
ANTHEROGENOUS,Transformed from anthers, as the petals of a double flower.
ANTHEROID,Resembling an anther.
ANTHESIS,The period or state of full expansion in a flower. Gray.
ANTHOBIAN,A beetle which feeds on flowers.
ANTHOBRANCHIA,A division of nudibranchiate Mollusca, in which the gills forma
wreath or cluster upon the posterior part of the back. SeeNudibranchiata, and
Doris.
ANTHOCARPOUS,Having some portion of the floral envelopes attached to thepericarp to
form the fruit, as in the checkerberry, the mulberry, andthe pineapple.
ANTHOCYANIN,Same as Anthokyan.
ANTHODIUM,The inflorescence of a compound flower in which many floretsare gathered
into a involucrate head.
ANTHOGRAPHY,A description of flowers.
ANTHOID,Resembling a flower; flowerlike.
ANTHOKYAN,The blue coloring matter of certain flowers. Same as Cyanin.
ANTHOLITE,A fossil plant, like a petrified flower.
ANTHOLOGICAL,Pertaining to anthology; consisting of beautiful extracts
fromdifferent authors, especially the poets.He published a geographical and
anthological description of allempires and kingdoms . . . in this terrestrial
globe. Wood.
ANTHOLOGIST,One who compiles an anthology.
ANTHOLOGY,A service book containing a selection of pieces for thefestival services.
ANTHOMANIA,A extravagant fondness for flowers. [R.]
ANTHOPHAGOUS,Eating flowers; -- said of certain insects.
ANTHOPHILOUS,Lit., fond of flowers; hence, feeding upon, or living among,flowers.
ANTHOPHORE,The stipe when developed into an internode between calyx andcorolla, as
in the Pink family. Gray.
ANTHOPHOROUS,Flower bearing; supporting the flower.
ANTHOPHYLLITE,A mineral of the hornblende group, of a yellowish gray or clovebrown
color.-- An`tho*phyl*lit"ic, a.
ANTHORISM,A description or definition contrary to that which is given bythe adverse
party. [R.]
ANTHOTAXY,The arrangement of flowers in a cluster; the science of therelative
position of flowers; inflorescence.
ANTHOZOA,The class of the Coelenterata which includes the corals and seaanemones.
The three principal groups or orders are Acyonaria,Actinaria, and Madreporaria.
ANTHOZOAN,Pertaining to the Anthozoa.-- n.
ANTHOZOIC,Of or pertaining to the Anthozoa.
ANTHRACENE OIL,A heavy green oil (partially solidifying on cooling), whichdistills
over from coal tar at a temperature above 270º. It is theprincipal source of
anthracene.
ANTHRACENE,A solid hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4, which accompaniesnaphthalene in the
last stages of the distillation of coal tar. Itschief use is in the artificial
production of alizarin. [Written alsoanthracin.]
ANTHRACIC,Of or relating to anthrax; as, anthracic blood.
ANTHRACIFEROUS,Yielding anthracite; as, anthraciferous strata.
ANTHRACITE,A hard, compact variety of mineral coal, of high luster,differing from
bituminous coal in containing little or no bitumen, inconsequence of which it burns
with a nearly non luminous flame. Thepurer specimens consist almost wholly of
carbon. Also called glancecoal and blind coal.
ANTHRACITIC,Of, pertaining to, or like, anthracite; as, anthraciticformations.
ANTHRACNOSE,Any one of several fungus diseases, caused by parasitic speciesof the
series Melanconiales, attacking the bean, grape, melon,cotton, and other plants. In
the case of the grape, brown concavespots are formed on the stem and fruit, and the
disease is calledbird's-eye rot.
ANTHRACOID,Resembling anthrax in action; of the nature of anthrax; as, ananthracoid
microbe.
ANTHRACOMANCY,Divination by inspecting a burning coal.
ANTHRACOMETER,An instrument for measuring the amount of carbonic acid in amixture.
ANTHRACOMETRIC,Of or pertaining to an anthracometer.
ANTHRACONITE,A coal-black marble, usually emitting a fetid smell whenrubbed; --
called also stinkstone and swinestone.
ANTHRACOSIS,A chronic lung disease, common among coal miners, due to theinhalation
of coal dust; -- called also collier's lung and miner'sphthisis.
ANTHRAQUINONE,A hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2O2.C6H4, subliming in shining yellowneedles. It
is obtained by oxidation of anthracene.
ANTHRAX VACCINE,A fluid vaccine obtained by growing a bacterium
(Bacteriumanthracis) in beef broth. It is used to immunize animals, esp.cattle.
ANTHRAX,A microscopic, bacterial organism (Bacillus anthracis),resembling
transparent rods. [See Illust. under Bacillus.]
ANTHRENUS,A genus of small beetles, several of which, in the larvalstate, are very
destructive to woolen goods, fur, etc. The common"museum pest" is A. varius; the
carpet beetle is A. scrophulariæ. Thelarvæ are commonly confounded with moths.
ANTHROPIDAE,The group that includes man only.
ANTHROPOCENTRIC,Assuming man as the center or ultimate end; -- applied totheories
of the universe or of any part of it, as the solar system.Draper.
ANTHROPOGENIC,Of or pertaining to anthropogeny.
ANTHROPOGENY,The science or study of human generation, or the origin anddevelopment
of man.
ANTHROPOGEOGRAPHY,The science of the human species as to geographicaldistribution
and environment. Broadly, it includes industrial,commercial, and political
geography, and that part of ethnology whichdeals with distribution and physical
environment. --An`thro*po*ge*og"ra*pher (#), n. -- An`thro*po*ge`o*graph"ic*al
(#),a.
ANTHROPOGLOT,An animal which has a tongue resembling that of man, as theparrot.
ANTHROPOGRAPHY,That branch of anthropology which treats of the actualdistribution
of the human race in its different divisions, asdistinguished by physical
character, language, institutions, andcustoms, in contradistinction to ethnography,
which treatshistorically of the origin and filiation of races and nations. P.Cyc.
ANTHROPOID,Resembling man; -- applied especially to certain apes, as theourang or
gorilla.-- n.
ANTHROPOIDAL,Anthropoid.
ANTHROPOIDEA,The suborder of primates which includes the monkeys, apes, andman.
ANTHROPOLATRY,Man worship.
ANTHROPOLITE,A petrifaction of the human body, or of any portion of it.
ANTHROPOLOGIST,One who is versed in anthropology.
ANTHROPOMANCY,Divination by the entrails of human being.
ANTHROPOMETRY,Measurement of the height and other dimensions of human
beings,especially at different ages, or in different races, occupations,etc.
Dunglison.
ANTHROPOMORPHA,The manlike, or anthropoid, apes.
ANTHROPOMORPHIC,Of or pertaining to anthromorphism. Hadley.--
An`thro*po*mor"phic*al*ly, adv.
ANTHROPOMORPHIST,One who attributes the human form or other human attributes tothe
Deity or to anything not human.
ANTHROPOMORPHITE,One who ascribes a human form or human attributes to the Deityor
to a polytheistic deity. Taylor. Specifically, one of a sect ofancient heretics who
believed that God has a human form, etc.Tillotson.
ANTHROPOMORPHITIC,to anthropomorphism. Kitto.
ANTHROPOMORPHITISM,Anthropomorphism. Wordsworth.
ANTHROPOMORPHIZE,To attribute a human form or personality to.You may see
imaginative children every day anthropomorphizing.Lowell.
ANTHROPOMORPHOLOGY,The application to God of terms descriptive of human beings.
ANTHROPOMORPHOSIS,Transformation into the form of a human being.
ANTHROPOMORPHOUS,Having the figure of, or resemblance to, a man; as,
ananthromorphous plant. "Anthromorphous apes." Darwin.
ANTHROPOPATHITE,One who ascribes human feelings to deity.
ANTHROPOPHAGI,Man eaters; cannibals. Shak.
ANTHROPOPHAGINIAN,One who east human flesh. [Ludicrous] Shak.
ANTHROPOPHAGITE,A cannibal. W. Taylor.
ANTHROPOPHAGOUS,Feeding on human flesh; cannibal.
ANTHROPOPHAGY,The eating of human flesh; cannibalism.
ANTHROPOPHUISM,Human nature. [R.] Gladstone.
ANTHROPOSCOPY,The art of discovering or judging of a man's character,passions. and
inclinations from a study of his visible features. [R.]
ANTHROPOSOPHY,Knowledge of the nature of man; hence, human wisdom.
ANTHROPOTOMICAL,Pertaining to anthropotomy, or the dissection of human bodies.
ANTHROPOTOMIST,One who is versed in anthropotomy, or human anatomy.
ANTHROPOTOMY,The anatomy or dissection of the human body; androtomy. Owen.
ANTHYPNOTIC,See Antihypnotic.
ANTHYPOCHONDRIAC,See Antihypochondriac.
ANTHYSTERIC,See Antihysteric.
ANTI,A prefix meaning against, opposite or opposed to, contrary, orin place of; --
used in composition in many English words. It isoften shortened to ant-; as,
antacid, antarctic.
ANTI-AMERICAN,Opposed to the Americans, their aims, or interests, or to thegenius
of American institutions. Marshall.
ANTI-FEDERALIST,One of party opposed to a federative government; --
appliedparticularly to the party which opposed the adoption of theconstitution of
the United States. Pickering.
ANTI-GALLICAN,Opposed to what is Gallic or French.
ANTI-IMPERIALISM,Opposition to imperialism; -- applied specif., in the
UnitedStates, after the Spanish-American war (1898), to the attitude orprinciples
of those opposing territorial expansion; in England, ofthose, often called Little
Englanders, opposing the extension of theempire and the closer relation of its
parts, esp. in matters ofcommerce and imperial defense. -- An`ti-im*pe"ri*al*ist,
n. -- An`ti-im*pe`ri*al*is"tic (#), a.
ANTI-SEMITISM,Opposition to, or hatred of, Semites, esp. Jews. -- An`ti-Sem"ite
(#), n. -- An`ti-Sem*it"ic (#), a.
ANTI-TRADE,A tropical wind blowing steadily in a direction opposite to thetrade
wind.
ANTIAE,The two projecting feathered angles of the forehead of somebirds; the
frontal points.
ANTIALBUMID,A body formed from albumin by pancreatic and gastric digestion.It is
convertible into antipeptone.
ANTIALBUMOSE,See Albumose.
ANTIAPHRODISIAC,Same as Antaphrodisiac.
ANTIAPOPLECTIC,Same as Antapoplectic.
ANTIAR,A Virulent poison prepared in Java from the gum resin of onespecies of the
upas tree (Antiaris toxicaria).
ANTIARIN,A poisonous principle obtained from antiar. Watts.
ANTIASTHMATIC,Same as Antasthmatic.
ANTIATTRITION,Anything to prevent the effects of friction, esp. a compoundlubricant
for machinery, etc., often consisting of plumbago, withsome greasy material;
antifriction grease.
ANTIBACCHIUS,A foot of three syllables, the first two long, and the lastshort.
ANTIBILLOUS,Counteractive of bilious complaints; tending to relievebiliousness.
ANTIBODY,Any of various bodies or substances in the blood which act inantagonism to
harmful foreign bodies, as toxins or the bacteriaproducing the toxins. Normal blood
serum apparently containsvariousantibodies, and the introduction of toxins or of
foreign cellsalso results in the development of their specific antibodies.
ANTIBRACHIAL,Of or pertaining to the antibrachium, or forearm.
ANTIBRACHIUM,That part of the fore limb between the brachium and the carpus;the
forearm.
ANTIBROMIC,An agent that destroys offensive smells; a deodorizer.
ANTIBUBONIC,Good or used against bubonic plague; as, antibubonic serum,obtained
from immunized horses; antibubonic vaccine, a sterilizedbouillon culture of the
plague bacillus; antibubonic measures.
ANTIBURGHER,One who seceded from the Burghers (1747), deeming it improperto take
the Burgess oath.
ANTIC,"Lords of antic fame." Phaer.
ANTIC-MASK,An antimask. B. Jonson.
ANTICATARRHAL,Efficacious against catarrh.-- n.
ANTICATHODE,The part of a vacuum tube opposite the cathode. Upon it thecathode rays
impinge.
ANTICAUSODIC,Same as Anticausotic.
ANTICAUSOTIC,Good against an inflammatory fever.-- n.
ANTICHAMBER,See Antechamber.
ANTICHLOR,Any substance (but especially sodium hyposulphite) used inremoving the
excess of chlorine left in paper pulp or stuffs afterbleaching.
ANTICHRIST,A denier or opponent of Christ. Specif.: A great antagonist,person or
power, expected to precede Christ's second coming.
ANTICHRISTIAN,Opposed to the Christian religion.
ANTICHRISTIANLY,In an antichristian manner.
ANTICHRONICAL,Deviating from the proper order of time.-- An`ti*chron"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANTICHRONISM,Deviation from the true order of time; anachronism. [R.]Selden.
ANTICHTHON,Inhabitants of opposite hemispheres. Whewell.
ANTICIPANT,Anticipating; expectant; -- with of.Wakening guilt, anticipant of hell.
Southey.
ANTICIPATION,The commencing of one or more tones of a chord with or duringthe chord
preceding, forming a momentary discord.
ANTICIPATIVE,Anticipating, or containing anticipation. "Anticipative of thefeast to
come." Cary.-- An*tic"i*pa*tive*ly, adv.
ANTICIPATOR,One who anticipates.
ANTICIPATORY,Forecasting; of the nature of anticipation. Owen.Here is an
anticipatory glance of what was to be. J. C. Shairp.
ANTICIVIC,Opposed to citizenship.
ANTICIVISM,Opposition to the body politic of citizens. [Obs.] Carlyle.
ANTICLASTIC,Having to opposite curvatures, that is, curved longitudinallyin one
direction and transversely in the opposite direction, as thesurface of a saddle.
ANTICLIMAX,A sentence in which the ideas fall, or become less importantand
striking, at the close; -- the opposite of climax. It produces aridiculous effect.
Example:Next comes Dalhousie, the great god of war,Lieutenant-colonel to the Earl
ANTICLINALAn`ti*cli"nal, a. Etym: [Pref. anti- + Gr.
ANTICLINAL,The crest or line in which strata slope or dip in oppositedirections.
ANTICLINE,A structure of bedded rocks in which the beds on both sides ofan axis or
axial plane dip away from the axis; an anticlinal.
ANTICLINORIUM,The upward elevation of the crust of the earth, resulting froma
geanticlinal.
ANTICLY,Oddly; grotesquely.
ANTICNESS,The quality of being antic. Ford.
ANTICOHERER,A device, one form of which consists of a scratched deposit ofsilver on
glass, used in connection with the receiving apparatus forreading wireless signals.
The electric waves falling on thiscontrivance increase its resistance several
times. The anticoherercan be used in conjunction with a telephone.
ANTICONSTITUTIONAL,Opposed to the constitution; unconstitutional.
ANTICONTAGIOUS,Opposing or destroying contagion.
ANTICONVULSIVE,Good against convulsions. J. Floyer.
ANTICOR,A dangerous inflammatory swelling of a horse's breast, justopposite the
heart.
ANTICOUS,Facing toward the axis of the flower, as in the introrseanthers of the
water lily.
ANTICYCLONE,A movement of the atmosphere opposite in character, as regardsdirection
of the wind and distribution of barometric pressure, tothat of a cyclone.--
An`ti*cy*clon"ic, a.-- An`ti*cy*clon"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANTIDIPHTHERITIC,Destructive to, or hindering the growth of, diphtheria bacilli.--
n.
ANTIDOTAL,Having the quality an antidote; fitted to counteract theeffects of
poison. Sir T. Browne.-- An"ti*do`tal*ly, adv.
ANTIDOTARY,Antidotal.-- n. Antidote; also, a book of antidotes.
ANTIDOTICAL,Serving as an antidote.-- An`ti*dot"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANTIDROMOUS,Changing the direction in the spiral sequence of leaves on astem.
ANTIDYSENTERIC,Good against dysentery.-- n.
ANTIEMETIC,Same as Antemetic.
ANTIEPHIALTIC,Same as Antephialtic.
ANTIEPILEPTIC,Same as Antepileptic.
ANTIFEBRILE,Febrifuge.
ANTIFEBRINE,Acetanilide.
ANTIFRICTION,Something to lessea. Tending to lessen friction.
ANTIGALASTIC,Causing a diminution or a suppression of the secretion of milk.
ANTIGRAPH,A copy or transcript.
ANTIGUGGLER,A crooked tube of metal, to be introduced into the neck of abottle for
drawing out the liquid without disturbing the sediment orcausing a gurgling noise.
ANTIHELIX,The curved elevation of the cartilage of the ear, within or infront of
the helix. See Ear.
ANTIHEMORRHAGIC,Tending to stop hemorrhage.-- n.
ANTIHYDROPHOBIC,Counteracting or preventing hydrophobia.-- n.
ANTIHYDROPIC,Good against dropsy.-- n.
ANTIHYPNOTIC,Tending to prevent sleep.-- n.
ANTIHYPOCHONDRIAC,Counteractive of hypochondria.-- n.
ANTIHYSTERIC,Counteracting hysteria.-- n.
ANTIICTERIC,Good against jaundice.-- n.
ANTILEGOMENA,Certain books of the New Testament which were for a time
notuniversally received, but which are now considered canonical. Theseare the
Epistle to the Hebrews, the Epistles of James and Jude, thesecond Epistle of Peter,
the second and third Epistles of John, andthe Revelation. The undisputed books are
called the Homologoumena.
ANTILIBRATION,A balancing; equipoise. [R.] De Quincey.
ANTILITHIC,Tending to prevent the formation of urinary calculi, or todestroy them
when formed.-- n.
ANTILOGARITHM,The number corresponding to a logarithm. The word has beensometimes,
though rarely, used to denote the complement of a givenlogarithm; also the
logarithmic cosine corresponding to a givenlogarithmic sine.--
An`ti*log`a*rith"mic, a.
ANTILOGOUS,Of the contrary name or character; -- opposed to analogous.Antilogous
pole (Eccl.), that pole of a crystal which becomesnegatively electrified when
heated.
ANTILOGY,A contradiction between any words or passages in an author. SirW.
Hamilton.
ANTILOIMIC,A remedy against the plague. Brande & C.
ANTILOPINE,Of or relating to the antelope.
ANTILOQUIST,A contradicter. [Obs.]
ANTILOQUY,Contradiction. [Obs.]
ANTILYSSIC,Antihydrophobic.
ANTIMACASSAR,A cover for the back or arms of a chair or sofa, etc., toprevent them
from being soiled by macassar or other oil from thehair.
ANTIMAGISTRICAL,Opposed to the office or authority of magistrates. [Obs.]South.
ANTIMALARIAL,Good against malaria.
ANTIMASK,A secondary mask, or grotesque interlude, between the parts ofa serious
mask. [Written also anue.] Bacon.
ANTIMASON,One opposed to Freemasonry.-- An`ti*ma*son"ic, a.
ANTIMASONRY,Opposition to Freemasonry.
ANTIMEPHITIC,Good against mephitic or deletplwious gases.-- n.
ANTIMERE,One of the two halves of bilaterally symmetrical animals; oneof any
opposite symmetrical or homotypic parts in animals and plants.
ANTIMETABOLE,A figure in which the same words or ideas are repeated intransposed
order.
ANTIMETATHESIS,An antithesis in which the members are repeated in inverseorder.
ANTIMETER,A modification of the quadrant, for measuring small angles.[Obs.]
ANTIMONARCHIST,An enemy to monarchial government.
ANTIMONATE,A compound of antimonic acid with a base or basic radical.[Written also
antimoniate.]
ANTIMONIAL,Of or pertaining to antimony.-- n. (Med.)
ANTIMONIATED,Combined or prepared with antimony; as, antimoniated tartar.
ANTIMONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony; -- said of thosecompounds of
antimony in which this element has its highestequivalence; as, antimonic acid.
ANTIMONIOUS,Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony; -- said of thosecompounds of
antimony in which this element has an equivalence nextlower than the highest; as,
antimonious acid.
ANTIMONITE,A compound of antimonious acid and a base or basic radical.
ANTIMONIURETED,Combined with or containing antimony; as, antimoniuretedhydrogen.
[Written also antimoniuretted.]
ANTIMONSOON,The upper, contrary-moving current of the atmosphere over amonsoon.
ANTIMONY,An elementary substance, resembling a metal in its appearanceand physical
properties, but in its chemical relations belonging tothe class of nonmetallic
substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb.
ANTINATIONAL,Antagonistic to one's country or nation, or to a nationalgovernment.
ANTINEPHRITIC,Counteracting, or deemed of use in, diseases of the kidneys.-- n.
ANTINOMIAN,Of or pertaining to the Antinomians; opposed to the doctrinethat the
moral law is obligatory.
ANTINOMIANISM,The tenets or practice of Antinomians. South.
ANTINOMIST,An Antinomian. [R.] Bp. Sanderson.
ANTINOMY,A contradiction or incompatibility of thought or language; --in the
Kantian philosophy, such a contradiction as arises from theattempt to apply to the
ideas of the reason, relations or attributeswhich are appropriate only to the facts
or the concepts ofexperience.
ANTIODONTALGIC,Efficacious in curing toothache.-- n.
ANTIORGASTIC,Tending to allay venereal excitement or desire; sedative.
ANTIPAPAL,Opposed to the pope or to popery. Milton.
ANTIPARALLEL,Running in a contrary direction. Hammond.
ANTIPARALLELS,Straight lines or planes which make angles in some respectopposite in
character to those made by parallel lines or planes.
ANTIPARALYTIC,Good against paralysis.-- n.
ANTIPARALYTICAL,Antiparalytic.
ANTIPASCH,The Sunday after Easter; Low Sunday.
ANTIPATHIC,Belonging to antipathy; opposite; contrary; allopathic.
ANTIPATHIST,One who has an antipathy. [R.] "Antipathist of light."Coleridge.
ANTIPATHIZE,To feel or show antipathy. [R.]
ANTIPATHOUS,Having a natural contrariety; adverse; antipathetic. [Obs.]Beau. & Fl.
ANTIPEPTONE,A product of gastric and pancreatic digestion, differing
fromhemipeptone in not being decomposed by the continued action ofpancreatic juice.
ANTIPERIODIC,A remedy possessing the property of preventing the return ofperiodic
paroxysms, or exacerbations, of disease, as in intermittentfevers.
ANTIPERISTALTIC,Opposed to, or checking motion; acting upward; -- applied to
aninverted action of the intestinal tube.
ANTIPERISTASIS,Opposition by which the quality opposed asquires strength;resistance
or reaction roused by opposition or by the action of anopposite principle or
quality.
ANTIPERISTATIC,Pertaining to antiperistasis.
ANTIPETALOUS,Standing before a petal, as a stamen.
ANTIPHARMIC,Antidotal; alexipharmic.
ANTIPHLOGISTIAN,An opposer of the theory of phlogiston.
ANTIPHLOGISTIC,Opposed to the doctrine of phlogiston.
ANTIPHONAL,Of or pertaining to antiphony, or alternate singing; sungalternately by
a divided choir or opposite choirs. Wheatly.-- An*tiph"o*nal*ly, adv.
ANTIPHONARY,A book containing a collection of antiphons; the book in whichthe
antiphons of the breviary, with their musical notes, arecontained.
ANTIPHONE,The response which one side of the choir makes to the other ina chant;
alternate chanting or signing.
ANTIPHONER,A book of antiphons. Chaucer.
ANTIPHONIC,Antiphonal.
ANTIPHRASIS,The use of words in a sense opposite to their proper meaning;as when a
court of justice is called a court of vengeance.
ANTIPHTHISIC,Relieving or curing phthisis, or consumption.-- n.
ANTIPHYSICAL,Contrary to nature; unnatural.
ANTIPLASTIC,Preventing or checking the process of healing, or granulation.
ANTIPODAGRIC,Good against gout.-- n.
ANTIPODE,One of the antipodes; anything exactly opposite.In tale or history your
beggar is ever the just antipode to yourking. Lamb.
ANTIPODEAN,Pertaining to the antipodes, or the opposite side of the
world;antipodal.
ANTIPOLE,The opposite pole; anything diametrically opposed. Geo. Eliot.
ANTIPOPE,One who is elected, or claims to be, pope in opposition to thepope
canonically chosen; esp. applied to those popes who resided atAvignon during the
Great Schism.
ANTIPSORIC,Of use in curing the itch.-- n.
ANTIPTOSIS,The putting of one case for another.
ANTIPYIC,Checking or preventing suppuration.-- n.
ANTIPYRESIS,The condition or state of being free from fever.
ANTIPYRETIC,Efficacious in preventing or allaying fever.-- n.
ANTIPYRINE,An artificial alkaloid, believed to be efficient in abatingfever.
ANTIPYROTIC,Good against burns or pyrosis.-- n.
ANTIQUARIAN,Pertaining to antiquaries, or to antiquity; as, antiquarianliterature.
ANTIQUARIANISM,Character of an antiquary; study or love of antiquities.Warburton.
ANTIQUARIANIZE,To act the part of an antiquary. [Colloq.]
ANTIQUARY,Pertaining to antiquity. [R.] "Instructed by the antiquarytimes." Shak.
ANTIQUATE,To make old, or obsolete; to make antique; to make old in sucha degree as
to put out of use; hence, to make void, or abrogate.Christianity might reasonably
introduce new laws, and antiquate orabrogate old one. Sir M. Hale.
ANTIQUATED,Grown old. Hence: Bygone; obsolete; out of use; old-fashioned;as, an
antiquated law. "Antiquated words." Dryden.Old Janet, for so he understood his
antiquated attendant wasdenominated. Sir W. Scott.
ANTIQUATEDNESS,Quality of being antiquated.
ANTIQUATENESS,Antiquatedness. [Obs.]
ANTIQUATION,The act of making antiquated, or the state of being
antiquated.Beaumont.
ANTIQUE,In general, anything very old; but in a more limited sense, arelic or
object of ancient art; collectively, the antique, theremains of ancient art, as
busts, statues, paintings, and vases.Misshapen monuments and maimed antiques.
Byron.
ANTIQUELY,In an antique manner.
ANTIQUENESS,The quality of being antique; an appearance of ancient originand
workmanship.We may discover something venerable in the antiqueness of the
work.Addison.
ANTIQUIST,An antiquary; a collector of antiques. [R.] Pinkerton.
ANTIQUITARIAN,An admirer of antiquity.
ANTIRACHITIC,Good against the rickets.
ANTIRENTER,One opposed to the payment of rent; esp. one of those who in1840-47
resisted the collection of rents claimed by the patroons fromthe settlers on
certain manorial lands in the State of New York.-- An`ti*rent"ism, n.
ANTISABBATARIAN,One of a sect which opposes the observance of the ChristianSabbath.
ANTISACERDOTAL,Hostile to priests or the priesthood. Waterland.
ANTISCORBUTIC,Counteracting scurvy.-- n.
ANTISCORBUTICAL,Antiscorbutic.
ANTISCRIPTURAL,Opposed to, or not in accordance with, the Holy Scriptures.
ANTISEPALOUS,Standing before a sepal, or calyx leaf.
ANTISEPSIS,Prevention of sepsis by excluding or destroying microorganisms.
ANTISEPTIC,A substance which prevents or retards putrefaction, ordestroys, or
protects from, putrefactive organisms; as, salt,carbolic acid, alcohol, cinchona.
ANTISEPTICALLY,By means of antiseptics.
ANTISIALAGOGUE,Checking the flow of saliva.
ANTISLAVERY,Opposed to slavery.-- n.
ANTISOCIAL,Tending to interrupt or destroy social intercourse; averse tosociety, or
hostile to its existence; as, antisocial principles.
ANTISOCIALIST,One opposed to the doctrines and practices of socialists orsocialism.
ANTISOLAR,Opposite to the sun; -- said of the point in the heavens 180distant from
the sun.
ANTISPASMODIC,Good against spasms.-- n.
ANTISPAST,A foot of four syllables, the first and fourth short, and thesecond and
third long.
ANTISPASTIC,An antispastic agent.
ANTISPLENETIC,Good as a remedy against disease of the spleen.-- n.
ANTISTROPHIC,Of or pertaining to an antistrophe.
ANTISTROPHON,An argument retorted on an opponent. Milton.
ANTISTRUMATIC,Antistrumous.-- n.
ANTISTRUMOUS,Good against scrofulous disorders. Johnson. Wiseman.
ANTISYPHILITIC,Efficacious against syphilis.-- n.
ANTITHEISM,The doctrine of antitheists.-- An`ti*the*is"tic, a.
ANTITHEIST,A disbeliever in the existence of God.
ANTITHESIS,An opposition or contrast of words or sentiments occurring inthe same
sentence; as, "The prodigal robs his heir; the miser robshimself." "He had covertly
shot at Cromwell; he how openly aimed atthe Queen."
ANTITHET,An antithetic or contrasted statement. Bacon.
ANTITHETICALLY,By way antithesis.
ANTITRAGUS,A prominence on the lower posterior portion of the concha ofthe external
ear, opposite the tragus. See Ear.
ANTITROCHANTER,An articular surface on the ilium of birds against which thegreat
trochanter of the femur plays.
ANTITYPAL,Antitypical. [R.]
ANTITYPE,That of which the type pattern or representation; that which isrepresented
by the type or symbol.
ANTITYPICAL,Of or pertaining to an antitype; explaining the type.--
An`ti*typ"ic*al*ly, adv.
ANTITYPOUS,Resisting blows; hard. [Obs.] Cudworth.
ANTITYPY,Opposition or resistance of matter to force. [R.] Sir W.Hamilton.
ANTIVACCINATION,Opposition to vaccination. London Times.
ANTIVACCINATIONIST,An antivaccinist.
ANTIVACCINIST,One opposed to vaccination.
ANTIVARIOLOUS,Preventing the contagion of smallpox.
ANTIVENEREAL,Good against venereal poison; antisyphilitic.
ANTIVENIN,The serum of blood rendered antitoxic to a venom by repeatedinjections of
small doses of the venom.
ANTIVIVISECTION,Opposition to vivisection.
ANTIVIVISECTIONIST,One opposed to vivisection
ANTIZYMIC,Preventing fermentation.
ANTIZYMOTIC,Preventing fermentation or decomposition.-- n.
ANTLER,The entire horn, or any branch of the horn, of a cervineanimal, as of a
stag.Huge stags with sixteen antlers. Macaulay.
ANTLERED,Furnished with antlers.The antlered stag. Cowper.
ANTLIA,The spiral tubular proboscis of lepidopterous insects. SeeLepidoptera.
ANTONOMASIA,The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, orthe
like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when hismajesty is used for a
king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say,the philosopher; or, conversely, the
use of a proper name instead ofan appellative, as when a wise man is called a
Solomon, or an eminentorator a Cicero.
ANTONOMASTIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, antonomasia.--
An`to*no*mas"tic*al*ly, adv.
ANTONOMASY,Antonomasia.
ANTONYM,A word of opposite meaning; a counterterm; -- used as acorrelative of
synonym. [R.] C. J. Smith.
ANTORBITAL,Pertaining to, or situated in, the region of the front of theorbit.-- n.
ANTORGASTIC,See Antiorgastic.
ANTOZONE,A compound formerly supposed to be modification of oxygen, butnow known to
be hydrogen dioxide; -- so called because apparentlyantagonistic to ozone,
converting it into ordinary oxygen.
ANTRAL,Relating to an antrum.
ANTRE,A cavern. [Obs.] Shak.
ANTRORSE,Forward or upward in direction. Gray.
ANTROVERT,To bend forward. [R.] Owen.
ANTRUM,A cavern or cavity, esp. an anatomical cavity or sinus. Huxley.
ANTRUSTION,A vassal or voluntary follower of Frankish princes in theirenterprises.
ANUBIS,An Egyptian deity, the conductor of departed spirits,represented by a human
figure with the head of a dog or fox.
ANURA,One of the orders of amphibians characterized by the absence ofa tail, as the
frogs and toads. [Written also anoura.]
ANUROUS,Destitute of a tail, as the frogs and toads. [Also writtenanourous.]
ANURY,Nonsecretion or defective secretion of urine; ischury.
ANUS,The posterior opening of the alimentary canal, through whichthe excrements are
expelled.
ANVIL,the incus. See Incus. To be on the anvil, to be in a state ofdiscussion,
formation, or preparation, as when a scheme or measure isforming, but not matured.
Swift.
ANXIETUDE,The state of being anxious; anxiety. [R.]
ANXIETY,A state of restlessness and agitation, often with generalindisposition and
a distressing sense of oppression at theepigastrium. Dunglison.
ANXIOUSLY,In an anxious manner; with painful uncertainty; solicitously.
ANXIOUSNESS,The quality of being anxious; great solicitude; anxiety.
ANY,To any extent; in any degree; at all.You are not to go loose any longer.
Shak.Before you go any farther. Steele.
ANYHOW,In any way or manner whatever; at any rate; in any event.Anyhow, it must be
acknowledged to be not a simple selforiginatederror. J. H. Newman.Anyhow, the
languages of the two nations were closely allied. E. A.Freeman.
ANYONE,One taken at random rather than by selection; anybody.
ANYTHING,In any measure; anywise; at all.Mine old good will and hearty affection
towards you is not . . .anything at all quailed. Robynson (More's Utopia).
ANYTHINGARIAN,One who holds to no particular creed or dogma.
ANYWHERE,In any place. Udall.
ANYWHITHER,To or towards any place. [Archaic] De Foe.
ANYWISE,In any wise or way; at all. "Anywise essential." Burke.
AONIAN,Pertaining to Aonia, Boeotia, or to the Muses, who weresupposed to dwell
there. Aonian fount, the fountain of Aganippe, atthe foot of Mount Helicon, not far
from Thebes, and sacred to theMuses.
AORIST,A tense in the Greek language, which expresses an action ascompleted in past
time, but leaves it, in other respects, whollyindeterminate.
AORISTIC,Indefinite; pertaining to the aorist tense.
AORTA,The great artery which carries the blood from the heart to allparts of the
body except the lungs; the main trunk of the arterialsystem.
AORTIC,Of or pertaining to the aorta.
AORTITIS,Inflammation of the aorta.
AOUDAD,An African sheeplike quadruped (the Ammotragus tragelaphus)having a long
mane on the breast and fore legs. It is, perhaps, thechamois of the Old Testament.
APACE,With a quick pace; quick; fast; speedily.His dewy locks did drop with brine
apace. Spenser.A visible triumph of the gospel drawapace. I. Taylor.
APACHES,A group of nomadic North American Indians including severaltribes native of
Arizona, New Mexico, etc.
APAGOGE,An indirect argument which proves a thing by showing theimpossibility or
absurdity of the contrary.
APAID,Paid; pleased. [Obs.] Chaucer.
APAIR,To impair or become impaired; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
APALACHIAN,See Appalachian.
APANAGE,Same as Appanage.
APANTHROPY,An aversion to the company of men; a love of solitude.
APAREJO,A kind of pack saddle used in the American military service andamong the
Spanish Americans. It is made of leather stuffed with hay,moss, or the like.
APARITHMESIS,Enumeration of parts or particulars.
APARTMENT HOUSE,A building comprising a number of suites designed for
separatehousekeeping tenements, but having conveniences, such as heat,
light,elevator service, etc., furnished in common; -- often distinguishedin the
United States from a flat house.
APARTNESS,The quality of standing apart.
APASTRON,That point in the orbit of a double star where the smaller staris farthest
from its primary.
APATHETICALLY,In an apathetic manner.
APATHIST,One who is destitute of feeling.
APATHISTICAL,Apathetic; une motional. [R.]
APATHY,Want of feeling; privation of passion, emotion, or excitement;dispassion; --
applied either to the body or the mind. As applied tothe mind, it is a calmness,
indolence, or state of indifference,incapable of being ruffled or roused to active
interest or exertionby pleasure, pain, or passion. "The apathy of despair."
Macaulay.A certain apathy or sluggishness in his nature which led him . . . toleave
events to take their own course. Prescott.According to the Stoics, apathy meant the
extinction of the passionsby the ascendency of reason. Fleming.
APATITE,Native phosphate of lime, occurring usually in six-sidedprisms, color often
pale green, transparent or translucent.
APAUME,See Appaum.
APE,A quadrumanous mammal, esp. of the family Simiadæ, having teethof the same
number and form as in man, having teeth of the samenumber and form as in man, and
possessing neither a tail nor cheekpouches. The name is applied esp. to species of
the genus Hylobates,and is sometimes used as a general term for all Quadrumana.
Thehigher forms, the gorilla, chimpanzee, and ourang, are often calledanthropoid
apes or man apes.
APEAK,In a vertical line. The anchor in apeak, when the cable hasbeen sufficiently
hove in to bring the ship over it, and the ship isthem said to be hove apeak.
[Spelt also apeek.]
APEHOOD,The state of being an ape.
APELLOUS,Destitute of skin. Brande & C.
APENNINE,Of, pertaining to, or designating, the Apennines, a chain ofmountains
extending through Italy.
APEPSY,Defective digestion, indigestion. Coxe.
APER,One who apes.
APERCU,A first view or glance, or the perception or estimation soobtained; an
immediate apprehension or insight, appreciative ratherthan analytic.
APEREA,The wild Guinea pig of Brazil (Cavia aperea).
APERIENT,Gently opening the bowels; laxative.-- n.
APERITIVE,Serving to open; aperient. Harvey.
APERT,Open; ev [Archaic] Fotherby.
APERTION,The act of opening; an opening; an aperture. [Archaic] Wiseman.
APERTLY,Openly; clearly. [Archaic]
APERTNESS,Openness; frankness. [Archaic]
APERTURE,The diameter of the exposed part of the object glass of atelescope or
other optical instrument; as, a telescope of four-inchaperture.
APETALOUS,Having no petals, or flower leaves. [See Illust. under Anther].
APETALOUSNESS,The state of being apetalous.
APEX,The end or edge of a vein nearest the surface. [U.S.] Apex ofthe earth's
motion (Astron.), that point of the heavens toward whichthe earth is moving in its
orbit.
APHAERESIS,Same as Apheresis.
APHAKIA,An anomalous state of refraction caused by the absence of thecrystalline
lens, as after operations for cataract. The remedy is theuse of powerful convex
lenses. Dunglison.
APHAKIAL,Pertaining to aphakia; as, aphakial eyes.
APHANIPTERA,A group of wingless insects, of which the flea in the type. SeeFlea.
APHANIPTEROUS,Of or pertaining to the Aphaniptera.
APHANITE,A very compact, dark-colored
APHANITIC,Resembling aphanite; having a very fine-grained structure.
APHASIC,Pertaining to, or affected by, aphasia; speechless.
APHELION,That point of a planet's or comet's orbit which is most distantfrom the
sun, the opposite point being the perihelion.
APHELIOTROPIC,Turning away from the sun; -- said of leaves, etc. Darwin.
APHELIOTROPISM,The habit of bending from the sunlight; -- said of certainplants.
APHEMIA,Loss of the power of speaking, while retaining the power ofwriting; -- a
disorder of cerebral origin.
APHERESIS,The dropping of a letter or syllable from the beginning of aword; e. g.,
cute for acute.
APHESIS,The loss of a short unaccented vowel at the beginning of aword; -- the
result of a phonetic process; as, squire for esquire.New Eng. Dict.
APHETIC,Shortened by dropping a letter or a syllable from the beginningof a word;
as, an aphetic word or form.-- A*phet"ic*al*ly, adv. New Eng. Dict.
APHETISM,An aphetized form of a word. New Eng. Dict.
APHETIZE,To shorten by aphesis.These words . . . have been aphetized. New Eng.
Dict.
APHID,One of the genus Aphis; an aphidian.
APHIDES,See Aphis.
APHIDIAN,Of or pertaining to the family Aphidæ.-- n.
APHIDIVOROUS,Devouring aphides; aphidophagous.
APHIDOPHAGOUS,Feeding upon aphides, or plant lice, as do beetles of thefamily
Coccinellidæ.
APHILANTHROPY,Want of love to mankind; -- the opposite of philanthropy. Coxe.
APHIS LION,The larva of the lacewinged flies (Chrysopa), which feedsvoraciously
upon aphids. The name is also applied to the larvæ of theladybugs (Coccinella).
APHIS,A genus of insects belonging to the order Hemiptera and familyAphidæ,
including numerous species known as plant lice and greenflies.
APHLOGISTIC,Flameless; as, an aphlogistic lamp, in which a coil of wire iskept in a
state of continued ignition by alcohol, without flame.
APHORISM,A comprehensive maxim or principle expressed in a few words; asharply
defined sentence relating to abstract truth rather than topractical matters.The
first aphorism of Hippocrates is, "Life is short, and the art islong." Fleming.
APHORISMER,A dealer in aphorisms. [Used in derogation or contempt.]Milton.
APHORIST,A writer or utterer of aphorisms.
APHORISTICALLY,In the form or manner of aphorisms; pithily.
APHORIZE,To make aphorisms.
APHOTIC REGION,A depth of water so great that only those organisms can existthat do
not assimilate.
APHOTIC,Without light.
APHRITE,See under Calcite.
APHRODISIAC,That which (as a drug, or some kinds of food) excites tovenery.
APHRODISIAN,Pertaining to Aphrodite or Venus. "Aphrodisian dames" [that
is,courtesans]. C. Reade.
APHRODITE,The Greek goddess of love, corresponding to the Venus of theRomans.
APHRODITIC,Venereal. [R.] Dunglison.
APHTHAE,Roundish pearl-colored specks or flakes in the mouth, on thelips, etc.,
terminating in white sloughs. They are commonlycharacteristic of thrush.
APHTHOID,Of the nature of aphthæ; resembling thrush.
APHTHONG,A letter, or a combination of letters, employed in spelling aword, but in
the pronunciation having no sound.-- Aph*thon"gal, a.
APHTHOUS,Pertaining to, or caused by, aphthæ; characterized by aphtæ;as, aphthous
ulcers; aphthous fever.
APHYLLOUS,Destitute of leaves, as the broom rape, certain euphorbiaceousplants,
etc.
APIACEOUS,Umbelliferous.
APIAN,Belonging to bees.
APIARIAN,Of or relating to bees.
APIARIST,One who keeps an apiary.
APIARY,A place where bees are kept; a stand or shed for bees; abeehouse.
APICAL,At or belonging to an apex, tip, or summit. Gray.
APICES,See Apex.
APICIAN,Belonging to Apicius, a notorious Roman epicure; hence appliedto whatever
is peculiarly refined or dainty and expensive in cookery.H. Rogers.
APICULAR,Situated at, or near, the apex; apical.
APICULTURE,Rearing of bees for their honey and wax.
APIECE,Each by itself; by the single one; to each; as the share ofeach; as, these
melons cost a shilling apiece. "Fined . . . athousand pounds apiece." Hume.
APIECES,In pieces or to pieces. [Obs.] "Being torn apieces." Shak.
APIKED,Trimmed. [Obs.]Full fresh and new here gear apiked was. Chaucer.
APIOL,An oily liquid derived from parsley.
APIOLOGIST,A student of bees. [R.] Emerson.
APIOLOGY,The scientific or systematic study of honey bees.
APIS,A genus of insects of the order Hymenoptera, including thecommon honeybee
(Apis mellifica) and other related species. SeeHoneybee.
APISH,Having the qualities of an ape; prone to imitate in a servilemanner. Hence:
Apelike; fantastically silly; foppish; affected;trifling.The apish gallantry of a
fantastic boy. Sir W. Scott.
APISHLY,In an apish manner; with servile imitation; foppishly.
APISHNESS,The quality of being apish; mimicry; foppery.
APITPAT,With quick beating or palpitation; pitapat. Congreve.
APLACENTAL,Belonging to the Aplacentata; without placenta.
APLACENTATA,Mammals which have no placenta.
APLACOPHORA,A division of Amphineura in which the body is naked or coveredwith
slender spines or setæ, but is without shelly plates.
APLANATIC,Having two or more parts of different curvatures, so combinedas to remove
spherical aberration; -- said of a lens. Aplanatic focusof a lens (Opt.), the point
or focus from which rays diverging passthe lens without spherical aberration. In
certain forms of lensesthere are two such foci; and it is by taking advantage of
this factthat the best aplanatic object glasses of microscopes areconstructed.
APLANATISM,Freedom from spherical aberration.
APLANOGAMETE,A nonmotile gamete, found in certain lower algæ.
APLASIA,Incomplete or faulty development.
APLASTIC,Not plastic or easily molded.
APLOMB,Assurance of manner or of action; self-possession.
APLOTOMY,Simple incision. Dunglison.
APLUSTRE,An ornamental appendage of wood at the ship's stern, usuallyspreading like
a fan and curved like a bird's feather. Audsley.
APLYSIA,A genus of marine mollusks of the order Tectibranchiata; thesea hare. Some
of the species when disturbed throw out a deep purpleliquor, which colors the water
to some distance. See Illust. inAppendix.
APNEUMATIC,Devoid of air; free from air; as, an apneumatic lung; also,effected by
or with exclusion of air; as, an apneumatic operation.
APNEUMONA,An order of holothurians in which the internal respiratoryorgans are
wanting; -- called also Apoda or Apodes.
APO,A prefix from a Greek preposition. It usually signifies from,away from, off, or
asunder, separate; as, in apocope (a cutting off),apostate, apostle (one sent
away), apocarpous.
APOCALYPSE,Of or pertaining to a revelation, or, specifically, to theRevelation of
St. John; containing, or of the nature of, a propheticrevelation. Apocolyptic
number, the number 666, mentioned in Rev.xiii. 18. It has been variously
interpreted.
APOCALYPTICALLY,By revelation; in an apocalyptic manner.
APOCARPOUS,Either entirely of partially separate, as the carpels of acompound
pistil; -- opposed to syncarpous. Lindley.
APOCHROMATIC,Free from chromatic and spherical aberration; -- said esp. of alens in
which rays of three or more colors are brought to the samefocus, the degree of
achromatism thus obtained being more completethan where two rays only are thus
focused, as in the ordinaryachromatic objective. --Ap`o*chro"ma*tism (#), n.
APOCODEINE,An alkaloid, , prepared from codeine. In its effects itresembles
apomorphine.
APOCOPATE,To cut off or drop; as, to apocopate a word, or the lastletter, syllable,
or part of a word.
APOCOPATION,Shortening by apocope; the state of being apocopated.
APOCOPE,A cutting off; abscission.
APOCRUSTIC,Astringent and repellent.-- n.
APOCRYPHALIST,One who believes in, or defends, the Apocrypha. [R.]
APOCRYPHALLY,In an apocryphal manner; mythically; not indisputably.
APOCRYPHALNESS,The quality or state of being apocryphal; doubtfulness ofcredit or
genuineness.
APOCYNIN,A bitter principle obtained from the dogbane (Apocynumcannabinum).
APODAN,Apodal.
APODEME,One of the processes of the shell which project inwards andunite with one
another, in the thorax of many Crustacea.
APODICTIC,Same as Apodeictic.
APODIXIS,Full demonstration.
APODOSIS,The consequent clause or conclusion in a conditional sentence,expressing
the result, and thus distinguished from the protasis orclause which expresses a
condition. Thus, in the sentence, "Though heslay me, yet will I trust in him," the
former clause is the protasis,and the latter the apodosis.
APODOUS,Apodal; apod.
APODYTERIUM,The apartment at the entrance of the baths, or in the palestra,where
one stripped; a dressing room.
APOGAIC,Apogean.
APOGAMIC,Relating to apogamy.
APOGAMY,The formation of a bud in place of a fertilized ovule oroöspore. De Bary.
APOGEAL,Apogean.
APOGEAN,Connected with the apogee; as, apogean (neap) tides, whichoccur when the
moon has passed her apogee.
APOGEE,That point in the orbit of the moon which is at the greatestdistance from
the earth.
APOGEOTROPIC,Bending away from the ground; -- said of leaves, etc. Darwin.
APOGEOTROPISM,The apogeotropic tendency of some leaves, and other parts.
APOGRAPH,A copy or transcript. Blount.
APOHYAL,Of or pertaining to a portion of the horn of the hyoid bone.
APOISE,Balanced.
APOLAR,Having no radiating processes; -- applied particularly tocertain nerve
cells.
APOLAUSTIC,Devoted to enjoyment.
APOLLINARIAN,In honor of Apollo; as, the Apollinarian games.
APOLLINARIS WATER,An effervescing alkaline mineral water used as a tablebeverage.
It is obtained from a spring in Apollinarisburg, near Bonn.
APOLLO,A deity among the Greeks and Romans. He was the god of lightand day (the
"sun god"), of archery, prophecy, medicine, poetry, andmusic, etc., and was
represented as the model of manly grace andbeauty; -- called also Phébus. The
Apollo Belvedere, a celebratedstatue of Apollo in the Belvedere gallery of the
Vatican palace atRome, esteemed of the noblest representations of the human frame.
APOLLYON,The Destroyer; -- a name used (Rev. ix. 11) for the angel ofthe bottomless
pit, answering to the Hebrew Abaddon.
APOLOGER,A teller of apologues. [Obs.]
APOLOGETICALLY,By way of apology.
APOLOGETICS,That branch of theology which defends the Holy Scriptures, andsets
forth the evidence of their divine authority.
APOLOGIST,One who makes an apology; one who speaks or writes in defenseof a faith,
a cause, or an institution; especially, one who argues indefense of Christianity.
APOLOGIZE,To defend. [Obs.]The Christians . . . were apologized by Plinie. Dr. G.
Benson.
APOLOGIZER,One who makes an apology; an apologist.
APOLOGUE,A story or relation of fictitious events, intended to conveysome moral
truth; a moral fable.
APOLOGY,To offer an apology. [Obs.]For which he can not well apology. J. Webster.
APOMECOMETER,An instrument for measuring the height of objects. Knight.
APOMECOMETRY,The art of measuring the distance of objects afar off. [Obs. orR.]
APONEUROSIS,Any one of the thicker and denser of the deep fasciæ whichcover,
invest, and the terminations and attachments of, many muscles.They often differ
from tendons only in being flat and thin. SeeFascia.
APONEUROTIC,Of or pertaining to an aponeurosis.
APONEUROTOMY,Dissection of aponeuroses.
APOPEMPTIC,Sung or addressed to one departing; valedictory; as, apoplecticsongs or
hymns.
APOPHASIS,A figure by which a speaker formally declines to take notice ofa
favorable point, but in such a manner as to produce the effectdesired. [For
example, see Mark Antony's oration. Shak., JuliusCæsar, iii. 2.]
APOPHLEGMATIC,Designed to facilitate discharges of phlegm or mucus from mouthor
nostrils.-- n.
APOPHLEGMATISM,The action of apophlegmatics.
APOPHLEGMATIZANT,An apophlegmatic. [Obs.]
APOPHTHEGM,See Apothegm.
APOPHYGE,The small hollow curvature given to the top or bottom of theshaft of a
column where it expands to meet the edge of the fillet; --called also the scape.
Parker.
APOPHYLLITE,A mineral relating to the zeolites, usually occurring in squareprisms
or octahedrons with pearly luster on the cleavage surface. Itis a hydrous silicate
of calcium and potassium.
APOPHYSIS,A marked prominence or process on any part of a bone.
APOPLECTIC,One liable to, or affected with, apoplexy.
APOPLEX,Apoplexy. [Obs.] Dryden.
APOPLEXED,Affected with apoplexy. [Obs.] Shak.
APOPLEXY,Sudden diminution or loss of consciousness, sensation, andvoluntary
motion, usually caused by pressure on the brain.
APORETICAL,Doubting; skeptical. [Obs.] Cudworth.
APORIA,A figure in which the speaker professes to be at a loss whatcourse to
pursue, where to begin to end, what to say, etc.
APOROSA,A group of corals in which the coral is not porous; -- opposedto Perforata.
APOROSE,Without pores.
APORT,On or towards the port or left side; -- said of the helm.
APOSEMATIC,Having or designating conspicuous or warning colors orstructures
indicative of special means of defense against enemies, asin the skunk.
APOSIOPESIS,A figure of speech in which the speaker breaks off suddenly, asif
unwilling or unable to state what was in his mind; as, "I declareto you that his
conduct -- but I can not speak of that, here."
APOSITIC,Destroying the appetite, or suspending hunger.
APOSTASY,An abandonment of what one has voluntarily professed; a totaldesertion of
departure from one's faith, principles, or party; esp.,the renunciation of a
religious faith; as, Julian's apostasy fromChristianity.
APOSTATE,One who, after having received sacred orders, renounces hisclerical
profession.
APOSTATIC,Apostatical. [R.]
APOSTATICAL,Apostate.An heretical and apostatical church. Bp. Hall.
APOSTATIZE,To renounce totally a religious belief once professed; toforsake one's
church, the faith or principles once held, or the partyto which one has previously
adhered.He apostatized from his old faith in facts, took to believing inCarlyle.
APOSTEMATE,To form an abscess; to swell and fill with pus. Wiseman.
APOSTEMATION,The formation of an aposteme; the process of suppuration.[Written
corruptly imposthumation.] Wiseman.
APOSTEMATOUS,Pertaining to, or partaking of the nature of, an aposteme.
APOSTEME,An abscess; a swelling filled with purulent matter. [Writtencorruptly
imposthume.]
APOSTLE,A brief letter dimissory sent by a court appealed from to thesuperior
court, stating the case, etc.; a paper sent up on appeals inthe admiralty courts.
Wharton. Burrill. Apostles' creed, a creed ofunknown origin, which was formerly
ascribed to the apostles. Itcertainly dates back to the beginning of the sixth
century, and someassert that it can be found in the writings of Ambrose in the
fourthcentury.-- Apostle spoon (Antiq.), a spoon of silver, with the
handleterminating in the figure of an apostle. One or more were offered bysponsors
at baptism as a present to the godchild. B. Jonson.
APOSTLESHIP,The office or dignity of an apostle.
APOSTOLIC DELEGATE,The diplomatic agent of the pope highest in grade, superior toa
nuncio.
APOSTOLIC,A member of one of certain ascetic sects which at various timesprofessed
to imitate the practice of the apostles.
APOSTOLICALLY,In an apostolic manner.
APOSTOLICALNESS,Apostolicity. Dr. H. More.
APOSTROPHE,A figure of speech by which the orator or writer suddenlybreaks off from
the previous method of his discourse, and addresses,in the second person, some
person or thing, absent or present; as,Milton's apostrophe to Light at the
beginning of the third book of"Paradise Lost."
APOSTROPHIC,Pertaining to an apostrophe, grammatical or rhetorical.
APOSTROPHIZE,To use the rhetorical figure called apostrophe.
APOSTUME,See Aposteme. [Obs.]
APOTACTITE,One of a sect of ancient Christians, who, in supposed imitationof the
first believers, renounced all their possessions.
APOTELESM,The calculation and explanation of a nativity. [Obs.] Bailey.
APOTHECARY,One who prepares and sells drugs or compounds for medicinalpurposes.
APOTHECIUM,The ascigerous fructification of lichens, forming masses ofvarious
shapes.
APOTHEGMATIST,A collector or maker of apothegms. Pope.
APOTHEGMATIZE,To utter apothegms, or short and sententious sayings.
APOTHEM,The perpendicular from the center to one of the sides of aregular polygon.
APOTHEOSIZE,To exalt to the dignity of a deity; to declare to be a god; todeify; to
glorify.
APOTOME,The difference between two quantities commensurable only inpower, as
between sq. root2 and 1, or between the diagonal and sideof a square.
APOZEM,A decoction or infusion. [Obs.] Wiseman.
APOZEMICAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, a decoction. [Obs.] J. Whitaker.
APPAIR,To impair; to grow worse. [Obs.]
APPALACHIAN,Of or pertaining to a chain of mountains in the United States,commonly
called the Allegheny mountains.
APPALL,Terror; dismay. [Poet.] Cowper.
APPALLING,Such as to appall; as, an appalling accident.-- Ap*pall"ing*ly, adv.
APPALLMENT,Depression occasioned by terror; dismay. [Obs.] Bacon.
APPANAGIST,A prince to whom an appanage has been granted.
APPARAILLYNG,Preparation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
APPARATUS,A collection of organs all of which unite in a common function;as, the
respiratory apparatus.
APPAREL,The furniture of a ship, as masts, sails, rigging, anchors,guns, etc.
APPARENCE,Appearance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
APPARENT,An heir apparent. [Obs.]I'll draw it [the sword] as apparent to the crown.
Shak.
APPARENTNESS,Plainness to the eye or the mind; visibleness; obviousness.[R.]
Sherwood.
APPARITION,The first appearance of a star or other luminary after havingbeen
invisible or obscured; -- opposed to occultation. Circle ofperpetual apparition.
See under Circle.
APPARITIONAL,Pertaining to an apparition or to apparitions; spectral.
"Anapparitional soul." Tylor.
APPARITOR,A messenger or officer who serves the process of anecclesiastical court.
Bouvier.
APPAUME,A hand open and extended so as to show the palm.
APPAY,To pay; to satisfy or appease. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
APPEACH,To impeach; to accuse; to asperse; to inform against; toreproach. [Obs.]And
oft of error did himself appeach. Spenser.
APPEACHER,An accuser. [Obs.] Raleigh.
APPEACHMENT,Accusation. [Obs.]
APPEAL,To apply for the removal of a cause from an inferior to asuperior judge or
court for the purpose of reëxamination of fordecision. Tomlins.I appeal unto Cæsar.
Acts xxv. 11.
APPEALANT,An appellant. [Obs.] Shak.
APPEALER,One who makes an appeal.
APPEALING,That appeals; imploring.-- Ap*peal"*ing*ly, adv.-- Ap*peal"ing*ness, n.
APPEAR,Appearance. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.
APPEARANCE,The coming into court of either of the parties; the beingpresent in
court; the coming into court of a party summoned in anaction, either by himself or
by his attorney, expressed by a formalentry by the proper officer to that effect;
the act or proceeding bywhich a party proceeded against places himself before the
court, andsubmits to its jurisdiction. Burrill. Bouvier. Daniell. To put in
anappearance, to be present; to appear in person.-- To save appearances, to
preserve a fair outward show.
APPEARER,One who appears. Sir T. Browne.
APPEARINGLY,Apparently. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
APPEASABLE,Capable of being appeased or pacified; placable.-- Ap*peas"a*ble*ness,
n.
APPEASE,To make quiet; to calm; to reduce to a state of peace; tostill; to pacify;
to dispel (anger or hatred); as, to appease thetumult of the ocean, or of the
passions; to appease hunger or thirst.
APPEASEMENT,The act of appeasing, or the state of being appeased;pacification.
Hayward.
APPEASER,One who appeases; a pacifier.
APPEASIVE,Tending to appease.
APPEL,A tap or stamp of the foot as a warning of intent to attack; --called also
attack.
APPELLABLE,Appealable.
APPELLANCY,Capability of appeal.
APPELLANT,Relating to an appeal; appellate. "An appellant jurisdiction."Hallam.
Party appellant (Law), the party who appeals; appellant; --opposed to respondent,
or appellee. Tomlins.
APPELLATE,Pertaining to, or taking cognizance of, appeals. "Appellatejurisdiction."
Blackstone. "Appellate judges." Burke. Appelate court,a court having cognizance of
appeals.
APPELLATIVE,Common, as opposed to proper; denominative of a class.
APPELLATIVELY,After the manner of nouns appellative; in a manner to expresswhole
classes or species; as, Hercules is sometimes usedappellatively, that is, as a
common name, to signify a strong man.
APPELLATIVENESS,The quality of being appellative. Fuller.
APPELLATORY,Containing an appeal.An appellatory libel ought to contain the name of
the partyappellant. Ayliffe.
APPENAGE,See Appanage.
APPENDAGE,A subordinate or subsidiary part or organ; an external organ orlimb, esp.
of the articulates.Antennæ and other appendages used for feeling. Carpenter.
APPENDAGED,Furnished with, or supplemented by, an appendage.
APPENDANCE,Something appendant.
APPENDANT,Appended by prescription, that is, a personal usage for aconsiderable
time; -- said of a thing of inheritance belonging toanother inheritance which is
superior or more worthy; as, anadvowson, common, etc. , which may be appendant to a
manor, common offishing to a freehold, a seat in church to a house. Wharton. Coke.
APPENDICAL,Of or like an appendix.
APPENDICATE,To append. [Obs.]
APPENDICATION,An appendage. [Obs.]
APPENDICITIS,Inflammation of the vermiform appendix.
APPENDICLE,A small appendage.
APPENDICULAR,Relating to an appendicle; appendiculate. [R.]
APPENDICULARIA,A genus of small free-swimming Tunicata, shaped somewhat like
atadpole, and remarkable for resemblances to the larvæ of otherTunicata. It is the
type of the order Copelata or Larvalia. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
APPENDICULATA,An order of annelids; the Polychæta.
APPENDICULATE,Having small appendages; forming an appendage. Appendiculateleaf, a
small appended leaf. Withering.
APPENDIX VERMIFORMIS,The vermiform appendix.
APPENSION,The act of appending. [Obs.]
APPERCEIVE,To perceive; to comprehend. Chaucer.
APPERCEPTION,The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in itsown
states; perception that reflects upon itself; sometimes,intensified or energetic
perception. Leibnitz. Reid.This feeling has been called by philosophers the
apperception orconsciousness of our own existence. Sir W. Hamilton.
APPERIL,Peril. [Obs.] Shak.
APPERTAIN,To belong or pertain, whether by right, nature, appointment, orcustom; to
relate.Things appertaining to this life. Hooker.Give it unto him to whom it
appertaineth. Lev. vi. 5.
APPERTAINMENT,That which appertains to a person; an appurtenance. [Obs. orR.] Shak.
APPERTINENT,Belonging; appertaining. [Now usually written appurtenant.]Coleridge.
APPETE,To seek for; to desire. [Obs.] Chaucer.
APPETENCE,A longing; a desire; especially an ardent desire; appetite;appetency.
APPETENT,Desiring; eagerly desirous. [R.]Appetent after glory and renown. Sir G.
Buck.
APPETIBILITY,The quality of being desirable. Bramhall.
APPETIBLE,Desirable; capable or worthy of being the object of desire.Bramhall.
APPETITION,Desire; a longing for, or seeking after, something. Holland.
APPETITIVE,Having the quality of desiring gratification; as, appetitivepower or
faculty. Sir M. Hale.
APPETIZE,To make hungry; to whet the appetite of. Sir W. Scott.
APPETIZER,Something which creates or whets an appetite.
APPETIZING,Exciting appetite; as, appetizing food.The appearance of the wild ducks
is very appetizing. Sir W. Scott.
APPIAN,Of or pertaining to Appius. Appian Way, the great paved highwayfrom ancient
Rome trough Capua to Brundisium, now Brindisi,constructed partly by Appius
Claudius, about 312 b. c.
APPLAUD,To express approbation loudly or significantly.
APPLAUDER,One who applauds.
APPLAUSABLE,Worthy pf applause; praiseworthy. [Obs.]
APPLAUSE,The act of applauding; approbation and praise publiclyexpressed by
clapping the hands, stamping or tapping with the feet,acclamation, huzzas, or other
means; marked commendation.The brave man seeks not popular applause. Dryden.
APPLAUSIVE,Expressing applause; approbative.-- Ap*plau"sive*ly, adv.
APPLE PIE,A pie made of apples (usually sliced or stewed) with spice andsugar.
Apple-pie bed, a bed in which, as a joke, the sheets are sodoubled (like the cover
of an apple turnover) as to prevent any onefrom getting at his length between them.
Halliwell, Conybeare.-- Apple-pie order, perfect order or arrangement.
[Colloq.]Halliwell.
APPLE,Any tree genus Pyrus which has the stalk sunken into the baseof the fruit; an
apple tree.
APPLE-FACED,Having a round, broad face, like an apple. "Apple-facedchildren."
Dickens.
APPLE-JACK,Apple brandy. [U.S.]
APPLE-JOHN,A kind of apple which by keeping becomes much withered; --called also
Johnapple. Shak.
APPLE-SQUIRE,A pimp; a kept gallant. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
APPLIABLE,Applicable; also, compliant. [Obs.] Howell.
APPLICABILITY,The quality of being applicable or fit to be applied.
APPLICABLE,Capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied;
havingrelevance; as, this observation is applicable to the case
underconsideration.-- Ap"pli*ca*ble*ness, n.-- Ap"pli*ca*bly, adv.
APPLICANCY,The quality or state of being applicable. [R.]
APPLICANT,One who apples for something; one who makes request; apetitioner.The
applicant for a cup of water. Plumtre.The court require the applicant to appear in
person. Z. Swift.
APPLICATE,Applied or put to some use.Those applicate sciences which extend the
power of man over theelements. I. Taylor.Applicate number (Math.), one which
applied to some concrete case.-- Applicate ordinate, right line applied at right
angles to theaxis of any conic section, and bounded by the curve.
APPLICATIVE,Having of being applied or used; applying; applicatory;practical.
Bramhall.-- Ap"pli*ca*tive*ly, adv.
APPLICATORILY,By way of application.
APPLICATORY,Having the property of applying; applicative; practical.-- n.
APPLIEDLY,By application. [R.]
APPLIER,He who, or that which, applies.
APPLIMENT,Application. [Obs.] Marston
APPLIQUE,Ornamented with a pattern (which has been cut out of anothercolor or
stuff) applied or transferred to a foundation; as, appliquélace; appliqué work.
APPLOT,To divide into plots or parts; to apportion. Milton.
APPLOTMENT,Apportionment.
APPOGGIATURA,A passing tone preceding an essential tone, and borrowing thetime it
occupies from that; a short auxiliary or grace note onedegree above or below the
principal note unless it be of the sameharmony; -- generally indicated by a note of
smaller size, as in theillustration above. It forms no essential part of the
harmony.
APPOINT,To direct, designate, or limit; to make or direct a newdisposition of, by
virtue of a power contained in a conveyance; --said of an estate already conveyed.
Burrill. Kent. To appoint one'sself, to resolve. [Obs.] Crowley.
APPOINTABLE,Capable of being appointed or constituted.
APPOINTEE,A person in whose favor a power of appointment is executed.Kent. Wharton.
APPOINTER,One who appoints, or executes a power of appointment. Kent.
APPOINTIVE,Subject to appointment; as, an appointive office. [R.]
APPOINTMENT,The exercise of the power of designating (under a "power
ofappointment") a person to enjoy an estate or other specific property;also, the
instrument by which the designation is made.
APPOINTOR,The person who selects the appointee. See Appointee, 2.
APPORTER,A bringer in; an importer. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
APPORTION,To divide and assign in just proportion; to divide anddistribute
proportionally; to portion out; to allot; as, to apportionundivided rights; to
apportion time among various employments.
APPORTIONATENESS,The quality of being apportioned or in proportion. [Obs. & R.]
APPORTIONER,One who apportions.
APPORTIONMENT,The act of apportioning; a dividing into just proportions orshares; a
division or shares; a division and assignment, to eachproprietor, of his just
portion of an undivided right or property. A.Hamilton.
APPOSABLE,Capable of being apposed, or applied one to another, as thethumb to the
fingers of the hand.
APPOSE,To put questions to; to examine; to try. [Obs.] See Pose.To appose him
without any accuser, and that secretly. Tyndale.
APPOSED,Placed in apposition; mutually fitting, as the mandibles of abird's beak.
APPOSER,An examiner; one whose business is to put questions. Formerly,in the
English Court of Exchequer, an officer who audited thesheriffs' accounts.
APPOSITE,Very applicable; well adapted; suitable or fit; relevant; pat;-- followed
by to; as, this argument is very apposite to the case.-- Ap"po*site*ly, adv.--
Ap"po*site*ness, n.
APPOSITION,The state of two nouns or pronouns, put in the same case,without a
connecting word between them; as, I admire Cicero, theorator. Here, the second noun
explains or characterizes the first.Growth by apposition (Physiol.), a mode of
growth characteristic ofnon vascular tissues, in which nutritive matter from the
blood istransformed on the surface of an organ into solid unorganizedsubstance.
APPOSITIONAL,Pertaining to apposition; put in apposition syntactically.Ellicott.
APPOSITIVE,Of or relating to apposition; in apposition.-- n.
APPRAISABLE,Capable of being appraised.
APPRAISAL,A valuation by an authorized person; an appraisement.
APPRAISEMENT,The act of setting the value; valuation by an appraiser;estimation of
worth.
APPRAISER,One who appraises; esp., a person appointed and sworn toestimate and fix
the value of goods or estates.
APPRECATION,Earnest prayer; devout wish. [Obs.]A solemn apprecation of good
success. Bp. Hall.
APPRECATORY,Praying or wishing good. [Obs.]"Apprecatory benedictions." Bp.Hall.
APPRECIABLE,Capable of being appreciated or estimated; large enough to beestimated;
perceptible; as, an appreciable quantity.-- Ap*pre"ci*a*bly, adv.
APPRECIANT,Appreciative. [R.]
APPRECIATE,To rise in value. [See note under Rise, v. i.] J. Morse.
APPRECIATINGLY,In an appreciating manner; with appreciation.
APPRECIATIVE,Having or showing a just or ready appreciation or perception;as, an
appreciative audience.-- Ap*pre"ci*a*tive*ly, adv.
APPRECIATIVENESS,The quality of being appreciative; quick recognition ofexcellence.
APPRECIATOR,One who appreciates.
APPRECIATORY,Showing appreciation; appreciative; as, appreciatorycommendation.--
Ap*pre"ci*a*to*ri*ly, adv.
APPREHENDER,One who apprehends.
APPREHENSIBIITY,The quality of being apprehensible. [R.] De Quincey.
APPREHENSIBLE,Capable of being apprehended or conceived. "Apprehensible byfaith."
Bp. Hall.-- Ap`*pre*hen"si*bly, adv.
APPREHENSIVELY,In an apprehensive manner; with apprehension of danger.
APPREHENSIVENESS,The quality or state of being apprehensive.
APPRENTICE,A barrister, considered a learner of law till of sixteen years'standing,
when he might be called to the rank of serjeant. [Obs.]Blackstone.
APPRENTICEAGE,Apprenticeship. [Obs.]
APPRENTICEHOOD,Apprenticeship. [Obs.]
APPRENTICESHIP,Pressed close to, or lying against, something for its wholelength,
as against a stem, Gray.
APPRISE,To give notice, verbal or written; to inform; -- followed byof; as, we will
apprise the general of an intended attack; heapprised the commander of what he had
done.
APPRIZAL,See Appraisal.
APPRIZE,To appraise; to value; to appreciate.
APPRIZEMENT,Appraisement.
APPRIZER,A creditor for whom an appraisal is made. Sir W. Scott.
APPROACH,To take approaches to.
APPROACHABILITY,The quality of being approachable; approachableness.
APPROACHABLE,Capable of being approached; accessible; as, approachablevirtue.
APPROACHABLENESS,The quality or state of being approachable; accessibility.
APPROACHER,One who approaches.
APPROACHING,The act of ingrafting a sprig or shoot of one tree intoanother, without
cutting it from the parent stock; -- called, also,inarching and grafting by
approach.
APPROACHLESS,Impossible to be approached.
APPROACHMENT,Approach. [Archaic] Holland.
APPROBATE,Approved. [Obs.] Elyot.
APPROBATIVE,Approving, or implying approbation. Milner.
APPROBATIVENESS,Love of approbation.
APPROBATOR,One who approves. [R.]
APPROBATORY,Containing or expressing approbation; commendatory. Sheldon.
APPROMT,To quicken; to prompt. [Obs.]To appromt our invention. Bacon.
APPROPINQUATE,To approach. [Archaic] Ld. Lytton.
APPROPINQUATION,A drawing nigh; approach. [R.] Bp. Hall.
APPROPINQUITY,Nearness; propinquity. [R.] J. Gregory.
APPROPRE,To appropriate. [Obs.] Fuller.
APPROPRIABLE,Capable of being appropriated, set apart, sequestered, orassigned
exclusively to a particular use. Sir T. Browne.
APPROPRIAMENT,What is peculiarly one's own; peculiar qualification.[Obs.]If you can
neglect Your own appropriaments. Ford.
APPROPRIATE,Set apart for a particular use or person. Hence: Belongingpeculiarly;
peculiar; suitable; fit; proper.In its strict and appropriate meaning.
Porteus.Appropriate acts of divine worship. Stillingfleet.It is not at all times
easy to find words appropriate to express ourideas. Locke.
APPROPRIATELY,In an appropriate or proper manner; fitly; properly.
APPROPRIATENESS,The state or quality of being appropriate; peculiar fitness.Froude.
APPROPRIATIVE,Appropriating; making, or tending to, appropriation; as,
anappropriative act.-- Ap*pro"pri*a*tive*ness, n.
APPROPRIATOR,A spiritual corporation possessed of an appropriated benefice;also, an
impropriator.
APPROVABLE,Worthy of being approved; meritorious.-- Ap*prov"a*ble*ness, n.
APPROVAL,Approbation; sanction.A censor . . . without whose approval nTemple.
APPROVANCE,Approval. [Archaic] Thomson.
APPROVE,To make profit of; to convert to one's own profit; said esp. ofwaste or
common land appropriated by the lord of the manor.
APPROVEDLY,So as to secure approbation; in an approved manner.
APPROVEMENT,a confession of guilt by a prisoner charged with treason orfelony,
together with an accusation of his accomplish and a givingevidence against them in
order to obtain his own pardon. The term isno longer in use; it corresponded to
what is now known as turningking's (or queen's) evidence in England, and state's
evidence in theUnited States. Burrill. Bouvier.
APPROVER,One who confesses a crime and accuses another. See 1stApprovement, 2.
APPROVING,Expressing approbation; commending; as, an approving smile.--
Ap*prov"ing*ly, adv.
APPROXIMATE,To draw; to approach.
APPROXIMATELY,With approximation; so as to approximate; nearly.
APPROXIMATIVE,Approaching; approximate.-- Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ly, adv.--
Ap*prox"i*ma*tive*ness, n.
APPROXIMATOR,One who, or that which, approximates.
APPUI,A support or supporter; a stay; a prop. [Obs.]If a be to climb trees that are
of any great height, there would bestays and appuies set to it. Holland.Point
d'appui. Etym: [F., a point of support.] (Mil.) (a) A givenpoint or body, upon
which troops are formed, or by which are marchedin line or column. (b) An
advantageous defensive support, as acastle, morass, wood, declivity, etc.
APPULSE,The near approach of one heavenly body to another, or to themeridian; a
coming into conjunction; as, the appulse of the moon to astar, or of a star to the
meridian.
APPULSION,A driving or striking against; an appulse.
APPULSIVE,Striking against; impinging; as, the appulsive influence of theplanets.
P. Cyc.
APPULSIVELY,By appulsion.
APPURTENANCE,That which belongs to something else; an adjunct; an appendage;an
accessory; something annexed to another thing more worthy; incommon parlance and
legal acceptation, something belonging to anotherthing as principal, and which
passes as incident to it, as a right ofway, or other easement to land; a right of
common to pasture, anouthouse, barn, garden, or orchard, to a house or messuage. In
astrict legal sense, land can never pass as an appurtenance to land.Tomlins.
Bouvier. Burrill.Globes . . . provided as appurtenances to astronomy. Bacon.The
structure of the eye, and of its appurtenances. Reid.
APPURTENANT,Annexed or pertaining to some more important thing; accessory;incident;
as, a right of way appurtenant to land or buildings.Blackstone. Common appurtenatn.
(Law) See under Common, n.
APRICATE,To bask in the sun. Boyle.
APRICATION,Basking in the sun. [R.]
APRICOT,A fruit allied to the plum, of an orange color, oval shape, anddelicious
taste; also, the tree (Prunus Armeniaca of Linnæus) whichbears this fruit. By
cultivation it has been introduced throughoutthe temperate zone.
APRIORISM,An a priori principle.
APRIORITY,The quality of being innate in the mind, or prior toexperience; a priori
reasoning.
APROCTA,A group of Turbellaria in which there is no anal aperture.
APROCTOUS,Without an anal office.
APRON MAN,A man who wears an apron; a laboring man; a mechanic. [Obs.]Shak.
APRON STRING,The string of an apron. To be tied to a wife's or mother'sapron
strings, to be unduly controlled by a wife or mother.He was so made that he could
not submit to be tied to the apronstrings even of the best of wives. Macaulay.
APRONED,Wearing an apron.A cobbler aproned, and a parson gowned. Pope.
APRONFUL,The quality an apron can hold.
APRONLESS,Without an apron.
APSIDAL,Of or pertaining to the apsides of an orbit.
APSIDES,See Apsis.
APSIS,One of the two points of an orbit, as of a planet or satellite,which are at
the greatest and least distance from the central body,corresponding to the aphelion
and perihelion of a planet, or to theapogee and perigee of the moon. The more
distant is called the higherapsis; the other, the lower apsis; and the line joining
them, theline of apsides.
APT,To fit; to suit; to adapt. [Obs.] " To apt their places." B.Jonson.That our
speech be apted to edification. Jer. Taylor.
APTABLE,Capable of being adapted. [Obs.] Sherwood.
APTATE,To make fit. [Obs.] Bailey
APTERA,Insects without wings, constituting the seventh Linnæn order ofinsects, an
artificial group, which included Crustacea, spiders,centipeds, and even worms.
These animals are now placed in severaldistinct classes and orders.
APTERAL,Apterous.
APTERAN,One of the Aptera.
APTERIA,Naked spaces between the feathered areas of birds. SeePteryliæ.
APTEROUS,Destitute of wings; apteral; as, apterous insects.
APTERYGES,An order of birds, including the genus Apteryx.
APTERYX,A genus of New Zealand birds about the size of a hen, with onlyshort
rudiments of wings, armed with a claw and without a tail; thekiwi. It is allied to
the gigantic extinct moas of the same country.Five species are known.
APTITUDINAL,Suitable; fit. [Obs.]
APTLY,In an apt or suitable manner; fitly; properly; pertinently;appropriately;
readily.
APTOTE,A noun which has no distinction of cases; an indeclinable noun.
APTOTIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, aptotes; uninflected; as,aptotic
languages.
APTYCHUS,A shelly plate found in the terminal chambers of ammoniteshells. Some
authors consider them to be jaws; others, opercula.
APUS,A genus of fresh-water phyllopod crustaceans. See Phyllopod.
APYRETIC,Without fever; -- applied to days when there is an intermissionof fever.
Dunglison.
APYREXIAL,Relating to apyrexy. "Apyrexial period." Brande & C.
APYROUS,Incombustible; capable of sustaining a strong heat withoutalteration of
form or properties.
AQUA FORTIS,Nitric acid. [Archaic]
AQUA,Water; -- a word much used in pharmacy and the old chemistry,in various
signification, determined by the word or words annexed.Aqua ammoniæ, the aqueous
solution of ammonia; liquid ammonia; oftencalled aqua ammonia.-- Aqua marine, or
Aqua marina. Same as Aquamarine.-- Aqua regia. Etym: [L., royal water] (Chem.), a
very corrosivefuming yellow liquid consisting of nitric and hydrochloric acids.
Ithas the power of dissolving gold, the "royal" metal.-- Aqua Tofana, a fluid
containing arsenic, and used for secretpoisoning, made by an Italian woman named
Tofana, in the middle ofthe 17th century, who is said to have poisoned more than
600 persons.Francis.-- Aqua vitæ Etym: [L., water of life. Cf. Eau de vie,
Usquebaugh],a name given to brandy and some other ardent spirits. Shak.
AQUAMARINE,A transparent, pale green variety of beryl, used as a gem. SeeBeryl.
AQUAPUNCTURE,The introduction of water subcutaneously for the relief ofpain.
AQUARELLE,A design or painting in thin transparent water colors; also,the mode of
painting in such colors.
AQUARELLIST,A painter in thin transparent water colors.
AQUARIAN,One of a sect of Christian in the primitive church who usedwater instead
of wine in the Lord's Supper.
AQUARIUM,An artificial pond, or a globe or tank (usually with glasssides), in which
living specimens of aquatic animals or plants arekept.
AQUATIC,Pertaining to water growing in water; living in, swimming in,or frequenting
the margins of waters; as, aquatic plants and fowls.
AQUATICAL,Aquatic. [R.]
AQUATILE,Inhabiting the water. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
AQUEDUCT,A canal or passage; as, the aqueduct of Sylvius, a channelconnecting the
third and fourth ventricles of the brain.
AQUEITY,Wateriness. [Obs.]
AQUEOUSNESS,Wateriness.
AQUIFEROUS,Consisting or conveying water or a watery fluid; as, aquiferousvessels;
the aquiferous system.
AQUIFORM,Having the form of water.
AQUILA,A genus of eagles.
AQUILATED,Adorned with eagles' heads.
AQUILON,The north wind. [Obs.] Shak.
AQUIPAROUS,Secreting water; -- applied to certain glands. Dunglison.
AQUITANIAN,Of or pertaining to Aquitania, now called Gascony.
AQUOSE,Watery; aqueous. [R.] Bailey.
AQUOSITY,The condition of being wet or watery; wateriness. Huxley.Very little water
or aquosity is found in their belly. Holland.
AR,Ere; before. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARA,The Altar; a southern constellation, south of the tail of theScorpion.
ARAB,One of a swarthy race occupying Arabia, and numerous in Syria,Northern Africa,
etc. Street Arab, a homeless vagabond in the streetsof a city, particularly and
outcast boy or girl. Tylor.The ragged outcasts and street Arabs who are shivering
in dampdoorways. Lond. Sat. Rev.
ARABA,A wagon or cart, usually heavy and without springs, and oftencovered.
[Oriental]
ARABESQUE,A style of ornamentation either painted, inlaid, or carved inlow relief.
It consists of a pattern in which plants, fruits,foliage, etc., as well as figures
of men and animals, real orimaginary, are fantastically interlaced or put together.
ARABESQUED,Ornamented in the style of arabesques.
ARABIAN,Of or pertaining to Arabia or its inhabitants. Arabian bird,the phenix.
Shak.
ARABIC,Of or pertaining to Arabia or the Arabians. Arabic numerals orfigures, the
nine digits, 1, 2, 3, etc., and the cipher 0.-- Gum arabic. See under Gum.
ARABICAL,Relating to Arabia; Arabic.-- A*rab"ic*al*ly, adv.
ARABIN,A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, contained in gumarabic, from which
it is extracted as a white, amorphous substance.
ARABINOSE,A sugar of the composition C5H10O5, obtained from cherry gum byboiling it
with dilute sulphuric acid.
ARABISM,An Arabic idiom peculiarly of language. Stuart.
ARABIST,One well versed in the Arabic language or literature; also,formerly, one
who followed the Arabic system of surgery.
ARABLE,Fit for plowing or tillage; -- hence, often applied to landwhich has been
plowed or tilled.
ARABY,The country of Arabia. [Archaic & Poetic]
ARACANESE,Of or pertaining to Aracan, a province of British Burmah.-- n. sing. &
pl.
ARACARI,A South American bird, of the genus Pleroglossius, allied tothe toucans.
There are several species.
ARACE,To tear up by the roots; to draw away. [Obs.] Wyatt.
ARACEOUS,Of or pertaining to an order of plants, of which the genus Arumis the
type.
ARACHNID,An arachnidan. Huxley.
ARACHNIDA,One of the classes of Arthropoda. See Illustration in Appendix.
ARACHNIDAN,One of the Arachnida.
ARACHNIDIUM,The glandular organ in which the material for the web ofspiders is
secreted.
ARACHNITIS,Inflammation of the arachnoid membrane.
ARACHNOID,Pertaining to a thin membrane of the brain and spinal cord,between the
dura mater and pia mater.
ARACHNOIDAL,Pertaining to the arachnoid membrane; arachnoid.
ARACHNOIDEA,Same as Arachnida.
ARACHNOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to arachnology.
ARACHNOLOGIST,One who is versed in, or studies, arachnology.
ARACHNOLOGY,The department of zoölogy which treats of spiders and otherArachnida.
ARAEOMETER,See Areometer.
ARAEOSTYLE,See Intercolumniation.
ARAEOSYSTYLE,See Intercolumniation.
ARAGONESE,Of or pertaining to Aragon, in Spain, or to its inhabitants.-- n. sing. &
pl.
ARAGONITE,A mineral identical in composition with calcite or carbonate oflime, but
differing from it in its crystalline form and some of itsphysical characters.
ARAGUATO,A South American monkey, the ursine howler (Mycetes ursinus).See Howler,
n., 2.
ARAISE,To raise. [Obs.] Shak.
ARAK,Same as Arrack.
ARAMAIC,Pertaining to Aram, or to the territory, inhabitants, language,or
literature of Syria and Mesopotamia; Aramæan; -- specificallyapplied to the
northern branch of the Semitic family of languages,including Syriac and Chaldee.--
n.
ARAMAISM,An idiom of the Aramaic.
ARANEIDAN,Of or pertaining to the Araneina or spiders.-- n.
ARANEIFORM,Having the form of a spider. Kirby.
ARANEINA,The order of Arachnida that includes the spiders.
ARANEOSE,Of the aspect of a spider's web; arachnoid.
ARANEOUS,Cobweblike; extremely thin and delicate, like a cobweb; as, thearaneous
membrane of the eye. See Arachnoid. Derham.
ARANGO,A bead of rough carnelian. Arangoes were formerly imported fromBombay for
use in the African slave trade. McCulloch.
ARAPAIMA,A large fresh-water food fish of South America.
ARARA,The palm (or great black) cockatoo, of Australia (Microglossusaterrimus).
ARATION,Plowing; tillage. [R.]Lands are said to be in a state of aration when they
are undertillage. Brande.
ARATORY,Contributing to tillage.
ARAUCARIA,A genus of tall conifers of the pine family. The species areconfined
mostly to South America and Australia. The wood cells differfrom those of other in
having the dots in their lateral surfaces intwo or three rows, and the dots of
contiguous rows alternating. Theseeds are edible.
ARAUCARIAN,Relating to, or of the nature of, the Araucaria. The earliestconifers in
geological history were mostly Araucarian. Dana.
ARBITER,To act as arbiter between. [Obs.]
ARBITRABLE,Capable of being decided by arbitration; determinable.[Archaic] Bp.
Hall.
ARBITRAGE,A traffic in bills of exchange (see Arbitration of Exchange);also, a
traffic in stocks which bear differing values at the sametime in different markets.
ARBITRAL,Of or relating to an arbiter or an arbitration. [R.]
ARBITRARILY,In an arbitrary manner; by will only; despotically; absolutely.
ARBITRARINESS,The quality of being arbitrary; despoticalness; tyranny. Bp.Hall.
ARBITRARIOUS,Arbitrary; despotic. [Obs.] -- Ar`bi*tra"*ri*ous*ly, adv.[Obs.]
ARBITRATION,The hearing and determination of a cause between parties incontroversy,
by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
ARBITRATRIX,A female who arbitrates or judges.
ARBITRESS,A female arbiter; an arbitratrix. Milton.
ARBLAST,A crossbow. See Arbalest.
ARBOR DIANAE,A precipitation of silver, in a beautiful arborescent form.
ARBOR VINE,A species of bindweed.
ARBOR VITAE,An evergreen tree of the cypress tribe, genus Thuja. TheAmerican
species is the T. occidentalis.
ARBOR,A kind of latticework formed of, or covered with, vines,branches of trees, or
other plants, for shade; a bower. Sir P.Sidney.
ARBORARY,Of or pertaining to trees; arboreal.
ARBORATOR,One who plants or who prunes trees. [Obs.] Evelyn.
ARBORED,Furnished with an arbor; lined with trees. "An arboreal walk."Pollok.
ARBORESCENCE,The state of being arborescent; the resemblance to a tree inminerals,
or crystallizations, or groups of crystals in that form;as, the arborescence
produced by precipitating silver.
ARBORESCENT,Resembling a tree; becoming woody in stalk; dendritic;
havingcrystallizations disposed like the branches and twigs of a tree."Arborescent
hollyhocks." Evelyn.
ARBORET,A small tree or shrub. [Obs.] Spenser.Among thick-woven arborets, and
flowers Imbordered on each bank.Milton.
ARBORETUM,A place in which a collection of rare trees and shrubs iscultivated for
scientific or educational purposes.
ARBORICAL,Relating to trees. [Obs.]
ARBORICOLE,Tree-inhabiting; -- said of certain birds.
ARBORICULTURAL,Pertaining to arboriculture. Loudon.
ARBORICULTURE,The cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for timber or
forornamental purposes.
ARBORICULTURIST,One who cultivates trees.
ARBORIFORM,Treelike in shape.
ARBORIST,One who makes trees his study, or who is versed in theknowledge of trees.
Howell.
ARBORIZATION,The appearance or figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals orfossils;
a dendrite.
ARBORIZED,Having a treelike appearance. "An arborized or moss agate."Wright.
ARBOROUS,Formed by trees. [Obs.]From under shady, arborous roof. Milton.
ARBUSCLE,A dwarf tree, one in size between a shrub and a tree; atreelike shrub.
Bradley.
ARBUSCULAR,Of or pertaining to a dwarf tree; shrublike. Da Costa.
ARBUSTIVE,Containing copses of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs.Bartram.
ARC LIGHT,The light of an arc lamp.
ARC,A portion of a curved line; as, the arc of a circle or of anellipse.
ARCADED,Furnished with an arcade.
ARCADIA,Of or pertaining to Arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as,Arcadian
simplicity or scenery.
ARCANE,Hidden; secret. [Obs.] "The arcane part of divine wisdom."Berkeley.
ARCANUM,A secret remedy; an elixir. Dunglison.
ARCBOUTANT,A flying buttress. Gwilt.
ARCH BRICK,A wedge-shaped brick used in the building of an arch.
ARCH STONE,A wedge-shaped stone used in an arch; a voussoir.
ARCH,Any part of a curved line.
ARCH-,A prefix signifying chief, as in archbuilder, archfiend.
ARCHAEAN,Ancient; pertaining to the earliest period in geologicalhistory.
ARCHAEOGRAPHY,A description of, or a treatise on, antiquity or antiquities.
ARCHAEOLITHIC,Of or pertaining to the earliest Stone age; -- applied to
aprehistoric period preceding the Paleolithic age.
ARCHAEOLOGIAN,An archæologist.
ARCHAEOLOGIST,One versed in archæology; an antiquary. Wright.
ARCHAEOLOGY,The science or study of antiquities, esp. prehistoricantiquities, such
as the remains of buildings or monuments of anearly epoch, inscriptions,
implements, and other relics, writtenmanuscripts, etc.
ARCHAEOPTERYX,A fossil bird, of the Jurassic period, remarkable for having along
tapering tail of many vertebræ with feathers along each side,and jaws armed with
teeth, with other reptilian characteristics.
ARCHAEOSTOMATOUS,Applied to a gastrula when the blastorope does not entirely up.
ARCHAEOZOIC,Like or belonging to the earliest forms of animal life.
ARCHAIC,Of or characterized by antiquity or archaism; antiquated;obsolescent.
ARCHAICAL,Archaic. [R.] -- Ar*cha"ic*al*ly, adv.
ARCHAISTIC,Like, or imitative of, anything archaic; pertaining to anarchaism.
ARCHAIZE,To make appear archaic or antique. Mahaffy.
ARCHANGEL,A term applied to several different species of plants
(Angelicaarchangelica, Lamium album, etc.).
ARCHANGELIC,Of or pertaining to archangels; of the nature of, orresembling, an
archangel. Milton.
ARCHBISHOP,A chief bishop; a church dignitary of the first class (oftencalled a
metropolitan or primate) who superintends the conduct of thesuffragan bishops in
his province, and also exercises episcopalauthority in his own diocese.
ARCHBISHOPRIC,The jurisdiction or office of an archbishop; the see orprovince over
which archbishop exercises archiepiscopal authority.
ARCHBUTLER,A chief butler; -- an officer of the German empire.
ARCHCHAMBERLAIN,A chief chamberlain; -- an officer of the old German empire,whose
office was similar to that of the great chamberlain in England.
ARCHCHANCELLOR,A chief chancellor; -- an officer in the old German empire,
whopresided over the secretaries of the court.
ARCHCHEMIC,Of supreme chemical powers. [R.] "The archchemic sun." Milton.
ARCHDEACON,In England, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below abishop,
whom he assists, and by whom he is appointed, though withindependent authority.
Blackstone.
ARCHDEACONRY,The district, office, or residence of an archdeacon. SeeBenefice.Every
diocese is divided into archdeaconries. Blackstone.
ARCHDEACONSHIP,The office of an archdeacon.
ARCHDIOCESE,The diocese of an archbishop.
ARCHDUCAL,Of or pertaining to an archduke or archduchy.
ARCHDUCHESS,The consort of an archduke; also, a princess of the imperialfamily of
Austria. See Archduke.
ARCHDUCHY,The territory of an archduke or archduchess. Ash.
ARCHDUKE,A prince of the imperial family of Austria.
ARCHDUKEDOM,An archduchy.
ARCHEBIOSIS,To origination of living matter from non-living. SeeAbiogenesis.
Bastian.
ARCHED,Made with an arch or curve; covered with an arch; as, an archeddoor.
ARCHEGONIAL,Relating to the archegonium.
ARCHEGONIUM,The pistillidium or female organ in the higher cryptogamicplants,
corresponding to the pistil in flowering plants.
ARCHEGONY,Spontaneous generation; abiogenesis.
ARCHELOGY,The science of, or a treatise on, first principles. Fleming.
ARCHENCEPHALA,The division that includes man alone. R. Owen.
ARCHENEMY,A principal enemy. Specifically, Satan, the grand adversary ofmankind.
Milton.
ARCHENTERIC,Relating to the archenteron; as, archenteric invagination.
ARCHENTERON,The primitive enteron or undifferentiated digestive sac of agastrula or
other embryo. See Illust. under Invagination.
ARCHER FISH,A small fish (Toxotes jaculator), of the East Indies; -- socalled from
its ejecting drops of water from its mouth at its prey.The name is also applied to
Chætodon rostratus.
ARCHER,A bowman, one skilled in the use of the bow and arrow.
ARCHERESS,A female archer. Markham.
ARCHERSHIP,The art or skill of an archer.
ARCHES,pl. of Arch, n. Court of arches, or Arches Court (Eng. Law),the court of
appeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury, whereof thejudge, who sits as deputy to the
archbishop, is called the Dean ofthe Arches, because he anciently held his court in
the church of St.Mary-le-Bow (de arcubus). It is now held in Westminster. Mozley &
W.
ARCHETYPAL,Of or pertaining to an archetype; consisting a model (real orideal) or
pattern; original. "One archetypal mind." Gudworth.
ARCHETYPALLY,With reference to the archetype; originally. "Partsarchetypally
distinct." Dana.
ARCHETYPE,The standard weight or coin by which others are adjusted.
ARCHETYPICAL,Relating to an archetype; archetypal.
ARCHEUS,The vital principle or force which (according to theParacelsians) presides
over the growth and continuation of livingbeings; the anima mundi or plastic power
of the old philosophers.[Obs.] Johnson.
ARCHI-,A prefix signifying chief, arch; as, architect, archiepiscopal.In Biol. and
Anat. it usually means primitive, original, ancestral;as, archipterygium, the
primitive fin or wing.
ARCHIANNELIDA,A group of Annelida remarkable for having no external segmentsor
distinct ventral nerve ganglions.
ARCHIATER,Chief physician; -- a term applied, on the continent of Europe,to the
first or body physician of princes and to the first physicianof some cities. P.
Cyc.
ARCHIBALD WHEEL,A metal-hubbed wheel of great strength and elasticity, esp.adapted
for artillery carriages and motor cars.
ARCHIBLASTULA,A hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive form; a c
ARCHICAL,Chief; primary; primordial. [Obs.] Cudworth.
ARCHIDIACONAL,Of or pertaining to an archdeacon.This offense is liable to be
censured in an archidiaconal visitation.Johnson.
ARCHIEPISCOPAL,Of or pertaining to an archbishop; as, Canterbury is
anarchiepiscopal see.
ARCHIEPISCOPALITY,The station or dignity of an archbishop; archiepiscopacy.Fuller.
ARCHIEPISCOPATE,The office of an archbishop; an archbishopric.
ARCHIEREY,The higher order of clergy in Russia, including
metropolitans,archbishops, and bishops. Pinkerton.
ARCHILOCHIAN,Of or pertaining to the satiric Greek poet Archilochus;
as,Archilochian meter.
ARCHIMEDEAN,Of or pertaining to Archimedes, a celebrated Greek
philosopher;constructed on the principle of Archimedes' screw; as,
Archimedeandrill, propeller, etc. Archimedean screw, or Archimedes' screw,
aninstrument, said to have been invented by Archimedes, for raisingwater, formed by
winding a flexible tube round a cylinder in the formof a screw. When the screw is
placed in an inclined position, and thelower end immersed in water, by causing the
screw to revolve, thewater is raised to the upper end. Francis.
ARCHIMEDES,An extinct genus of Bryzoa characteristic of thesubcarboniferous rocks.
Its form is that of a screw.
ARCHING,Hogging; -- opposed to sagging.
ARCHIPELAGIC,Of or pertaining to an archipelago.
ARCHIPTERYGIUM,The primitive form of fin, like that of Ceratodus.
ARCHITECTIVE,Used in building; proper for building. Derham.
ARCHITECTONICS,The science of architecture.
ARCHITECTOR,An architect. [Obs.] North.
ARCHITECTRESS,A female architect.
ARCHITECTURAL,Of or pertaining to the art of building; conformed to the rulesof
architecture.-- Ar`chi*tec"tur*al*ly, adv.
ARCHITEUTHIS,A genus of gigantic cephalopods, allied to the squids, foundesp. in
the North Atlantic and about New Zealand.
ARCHITRAVED,Furnished with an architrave. Cowper.
ARCHIVAL,Pertaining to, or contained in, archives or records. Tooke.
ARCHIVE,The place in which public records or historic documents arekept.Our words .
. . . become records in God's court, and are laid up inhis archives as witnesses.
Gov. of Tongue.
ARCHIVIST,A keeper of archives or records. [R.]
ARCHIVOLT,A large theorbo, or double-necked lute, formerly in use, havingthe bass
strings doubled with an octave, and the higher strings witha unison.
ARCHLY,In an arch manner; with attractive slyness or roguishness;slyly;
waggishly.Archly the maiden smiled. Longfellow.
ARCHMARSHAL,The grand marshal of the old German empire, a dignity that tothe
Elector of Saxony.
ARCHNESS,The quality of being arch; cleverness; sly humor free frommalice;
waggishness. Goldsmith.
ARCHON,One of the chief magistrates in ancient Athens, especially, bypreëminence,
the first of the nine chief magistrates.-- Ar*chon"tic, a.
ARCHONSHIP,The office of an archon. Mitford.
ARCHONTATE,An archon's term of office. Gibbon.
ARCHONTS,The group including man alone.
ARCHOPLASM,The substance from which attraction spheres develop in mitoticcell
division, and of which they consist.
ARCHPRELATE,An archbishop or other chief prelate.
ARCHPRESBYTER,Same as Archpriest.
ARCHPRESBYTERY,The absolute dominion of presbytery. Milton.
ARCHPRIEST,A chief priest; also, a kind of vicar, or a rural dean.
ARCHPRIMATE,The chief primate. Milton.
ARCHTRAITOR,A chief or transcendent traitor. I. Watts.
ARCHTREASURER,A chief treasurer. Specifically, the great treasurer of theGerman
empire.
ARCHWAY,A way or passage under an arch.
ARCHWIFE,A big, masculine wife. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARCHWISE,Arch-shaped.
ARCHY,Arched; as, archy brows.
ARCIFORM,Having the form of an arch; curved.
ARCOGRAPH,An instrument for drawing a circular arc without the use of acentral
point; a cyclograph.
ARCTATION,Constriction or contraction of some natural passage, as inconstipation
from inflammation.
ARCTIC,Pertaining to, or situated under, the northern constellationcalled the Bear;
northern; frigid; as, the arctic pole, circle,region, ocean; an arctic expedition,
night, temperature.
ARCTISCA,A group of Arachnida. See Illust. in Appendix.
ARCTOGEAL,Of or pertaining to arctic lands; as, the arctogeal fauna.
ARCTOIDEA,A group of the Carnivora, that includes the bears, weasels,etc.
ARCTURUS,A fixed star of the first magnitude in the constellationBoötes.
ARCUAL,Of or pertaining to an arc. Arcual measure of an angle (Math.),that in which
the unit angle has its measuring arc equal to theradius of the circle.
ARCUATELY,In the form of a bow.
ARCUATION,A mode of propagating trees by bending branches to the ground,and
covering the small shoots with earth; layering. Chambers.
ARCUBALIST,A crossbow. Fosbroke.
ARCUBALISTER,A crossbowman; one who used the arcubalist. Camden.
ARCUBUS,See Arquebus. [Obs.]
ARDASSINE,A very fine sort of Persian silk.
ARDENTLY,In an ardent manner; eagerly; with warmth; affectionately;passionately.
ARDENTNESS,Ardency. [R.]
ARDOIS SYSTEM,A widely used system of electric night signals in which aseries of
double electric lamps (white and red) is arrangedvertically on a mast, and operated
from a keyboard below.
ARDOR,Bright and effulgent spirits; seraphim. [Thus used by Milton.]
ARDUOUSLY,In an arduous manner; with difficulty or laboriousness.
ARDUOUSNESS,The quality of being arduous; difficulty of execution.
ARDUROUS,Burning; ardent. [R.]Lo! further on, Where flames the arduous Spirit of
Isidore. Cary.
ARE,The present indicative plural of the substantive verb to be;but etymologically
a different word from be, or was. Am, art, are,and is, all come from the root as.
AREA,The superficial contents of any figure; the surface includedwithin any given
lines; superficial extent; as, the area of a squareor a triangle.
AREAL,Of or pertaining to an area; as, areal interstices (the areasor spaces
inclosed by the reticulate vessels of leaves).
AREAR,To raise; to set up; to stir up. [Obs.]
ARECA,A genus of palms, one species of which produces the areca nut,or betel nut,
which is chewed in India with the leaf of the PiperBetle and lime.
AREEK,In a reeking condition. Swift.
AREFACTION,The act of drying, or the state of growing dry.The arefaction of the
earth. Sir M. Hale.
AREFY,To dry, or make dry. Bacon.
ARENA,The area in the central part of an amphitheater, in which thegladiators
fought and other shows were exhibited; -- so calledbecause it was covered with
sand.
ARENACEOUS,Sandy or consisting largely of sand; of the nature of sand;easily
disintegrating into sand; friable; as, arenaceous limestone.
ARENARIOUS,Sandy; as, arenarious soil.
ARENATION,A sand bath; application of hot sand to the body. Dunglison.
ARENDATOR,In some provinces of Russia, one who farms the rents orrevenues.
ARENICOLITE,An ancient wormhole in sand, preserved in the rocks. Dana.
ARENILITIC,Of or pertaining to sandstone; as, arenilitic mountains.Kirwan.
ARENOSE,Sandy; full of sand. Johnson.
ARENULOUS,Full of fine sand; like sand. [Obs.]
AREOLA,The colored ring around the nipple, or around a vesicle orpustule.
AREOLAR,Pertaining to, or like, an areola; filled with interstices orareolæ. reolar
tissue (Anat.), a form of fibrous connective tissue inwhich the fibers are loosely
arranged with numerous spaces, orareolæ, between them.
AREOLE,Same as Areola.
AREOLET,A small inclosed area; esp. one of the small spaces on thewings of insects,
circumscribed by the veins.
AREOMETER,An instrument for measuring the specific gravity of fluids; aform
hydrometer.
AREOMETRY,The art or process of measuring the specific gravity of fluids.
AREOPAGIST,See Areopagite.
AREOPAGITE,A member of the Areopagus. Acts xvii. 34.
AREOPAGITIC,Pertaining to the Areopagus. Mitford.
AREOPAGUS,The highest judicial court at Athens. Its sessions were held onMars'
Hill. Hence, any high court or tribunal
AREOSTYLE,See Intercolumniation, and Aræostyle.
AREOSYSTYLE,See Intercolumniation, and Aræosystyle.
ARERE,See Arear. [Obs.] Ellis.
AREST,A support for the spear when couched for the attack. [Obs.]Chaucer.
ARET,To reckon; to ascribe; to impute. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARETAICS,The ethical theory which excludes all relations between virtueand
happiness; the science of virtue; -- contrasted with eudemonics.J. Grote.
ARETE,An acute and rugged crest of a mountain range or a subsidiaryridge between
two mountain gorges.
ARETOLOGY,That part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, itsnature, and the
means of attaining to it.
AREW,In a row. [Obs.] "All her teeth arew." Spenser.
ARGAL,Crude tartar. See Argol.
ARGALA,The adjutant bird.
ARGAND LAMP,A lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass chimney whichallow a
current of air both inside and outside of the flame. Argandburner, a burner for an
Argand lamp, or a gas burner in which theprinciple of that lamp is applied.
ARGAS,A genus of venomous ticks which attack men and animals. Thefamous Persian
Argas, also called Miana bug, is A. Persicus; that ofCentral America, called talaje
by the natives, is A. Talaje.
ARGEAN,Pertaining to the ship Argo. See Argo.
ARGENT,Whiteness; anything that is white.The polished argent of her breast.
Tennyson.
ARGENTAL,Of or pertaining to silver; resembling, containing, or combinedwith,
silver.
ARGENTALIUM,A (patented) alloy of aluminium and silver, with a density ofabout 2.9.
ARGENTAN,An alloy of nicked with copper and zinc; German silver.
ARGENTATE,Silvery white. Gray.
ARGENTATION,A coating or overlaying with silver. [R.] Johnson.
ARGENTIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, silver; -- said ofcertain
compounds of silver in which this metal has its lowestproportion; as, argentic
chloride.
ARGENTIFEROUS,Producing or containing silver; as, argentiferous lead ore orveins.
ARGENTINE,A siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of lime, having asilvery-
white, pearly luster, and a waving or curved lamellarstructure.
ARGENTITE,Sulphide of silver; -- also called vitreous silver, or silverglance. It
has a metallic luster, a lead-gray color, and is sectilelike lead.
ARGENTOUS,Of, pertaining to, or containing, silver; -- said of certainsilver
compounds in which silver has a higher proportion than inargentic compounds; as,
argentous chloride.
ARGENTRY,Silver plate or vessels. [Obs.]Bowls of frosted argentry. Howell.
ARGIL,Clay, or potter's earth; sometimes pure clay, or alumina. SeeClay.
ARGILLACEOUS,Of the nature of clay; consisting of, or containing, argil orclay;
clayey. Argillaceous sandstone (Geol.), a sandstone containingmuch clay.--
Argillaceous iron ore, the clay ironstone.-- Argillaceous schist or state. See
Argillite.
ARGILLIFEROUS,Producing clay; -- applied to such earths as abound with
argil.Kirwan.
ARGILLITE,Argillaceous schist or slate; clay slate. Its colors is bluishor blackish
gray, sometimes greenish gray, brownish red, etc.-- Ar`gil*lit"ic, a.
ARGILLO-AREENACEOUS,Consisting of, or containing, clay and sand, as a soil.
ARGILLO-CALCAREOUS,Consisting of, or containing, clay and calcareous earth.
ARGILLO-FERRUGINOUS,Containing clay and iron.
ARGILLOUS,Argillaceous; clayey. Sir T. Browne.
ARGIVE,Of or performance to Argos, the capital of Argolis in Greece.-- n.
ARGO,The name of the ship which carried Jason and his fifty-fourcompanions to
Colchis, in quest of the Golden Fleece.
ARGOAN,Pertaining to the ship Argo.
ARGOILE,Potter's clay. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARGOL,Crude tartar; an acidulous salt from which cream of tartar isprepared. It
exists in the juice of grapes, and is deposited fromwines on the sides of the
casks. Ure.
ARGOLIC,Pertaining to Argolis, a district in the Peloponnesus.
ARGON,A substance regarded as an element, contained in the atmosphereand remarkable
for its chemical inertness. Rayleigh and Ramsay.
ARGONAUT,A cephalopod of the genus Argonauta.
ARGONAUTA,A genus of Cephalopoda. The shell is called paper nautilus orpaper
sailor.
ARGONAUTIC,Of or pertaining to the Argonauts.
ARGOSY,A large ship, esp. a merchant vessel of the largest size.Where your argosies
with portly sail . . . Do overpeer the pettytraffickers. Shak.
ARGOT,A secret language or conventional slang peculiar to thieves,tramps, and
vagabonds; flash.
ARGUABLE,Capable of being argued; admitting of debate.
ARGUER,One who argues; a reasoner; a disputant.
ARGULUS,A genus of copepod Crustacea, parasitic of fishes; a fishlouse. See
Branchiura.
ARGUMENT,The quantity on which another quantity in a table depends; as,the altitude
is the argument of the refraction.
ARGUMENTABLE,Admitting of argument. [R.] Chalmers.
ARGUMENTAL,Of, pertaining to, or containing, argument; argumentative.
ARGUMENTIZE,To argue or discuss. [Obs.] Wood.
ARGUS SHELL,A species of shell (Cypræa argus), beautifully variegated withspots
resembling those in a peacock's tail.
ARGUS,A fabulous being of antiquity, said to have had a hundred eyes,who has placed
by Juno to guard Io. His eyes were transplanted to thepeacock's tail.
ARGUS-EYED,Extremely observant; watchful; sharp-sighted.
ARGUTATION,Caviling; subtle disputation. [Obs.]
ARGUTELY,In a subtle; shrewdly.
ARGUTENESS,Acuteness. Dryden.
ARIA,An air or song; a melody; a tune.
ARIAN,See Aryan.
ARIANISM,The doctrines of the Arians.
ARIANIZE,To admit or accept the tenets of the Arians; to become anArian.
ARICINE,An alkaloid, first found in white cinchona bark.
ARID,Exhausted of moisture; parched with heat; dry; barren. "An aridwaste."
Thomson.
ARIDNESS,Aridity; dryness.
ARIES,A battering-ram.
ARIETATE,To butt, as a ram. [Obs.]
ARIETATION,A short aria, or air. "A military ariette." Sir W. Scott.
ARIGHT,Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without mistake orcrime; as, to
worship God aright.
ARILLODE,A false aril; an aril originating from the micropyle instead offrom the
funicle or chalaza of the ovule. The mace of the nutmeg isan arillode.
ARIMAN,See Ahriman.
ARIOLATION,A soothsaying; a foretelling. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ARIOSE,Characterized by melody, as distinguished from harmony.Mendelssohn wants the
ariose beauty of Handel; vocal melody is nothis forte; the interest of his airs
harmonic. Foreign Quart. Rev.
ARIOSO,In the smooth and melodious style of an air; ariose.
ARISE,Rising. [Obs.] Drayton.
ARIST,of Arise, for ariseth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARISTA,An awn. Gray.
ARISTARCH,A severe critic. Knowles.
ARISTARCHIAN,Severely critical.
ARISTARCHY,Severely criticism.
ARISTATE,Having a pointed, beardlike process, as the glumes of wheat;awned. Gray.
ARISTOLOGY,The science of dining. Quart. Rev.
ARISTOPHANIC,Of or pertaining to Aristophanes, the Athenian comic poet.
ARISTOTELIAN,Of or pertaining to Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher(384-322 b.
c.).-- n.
ARISTOTELIANISM,The philosophy of Aristotle, otherwise called the
Peripateticphilosophy.
ARISTOTELIC,Pertaining to Aristotle or to his philosophy. "Aristotelicusage." Sir
W. Hamilton.
ARISTOTYPE,Orig., a printing-out process using paper coated with silverchloride in
gelatin; now, any such process using silver salts ineither collodion or gelatin;
also, a print so made.
ARISTULATE,Pertaining a short beard or awn. Gray.
ARITHMANCY,Divination by means of numbers.
ARITHMETICAL,Of or pertaining to arithmetic; according to the rules ormethod of
arithmetic. Arithmetical complement of a logarithm. SeeLogarithm.-- Arithmetical
mean. See Mean.-- Arithmetical progression. See Progression.-- Arithmetical
proportion. See Proportion.
ARITHMETICALLY,Conformably to the principles or methods of arithmetic.
ARITHMETICIAN,One skilled in arithmetic.
ARITHMOMANCY,Arithmancy.
ARITHMOMETER,A calculating machine.
ARK SHELL,A marine bivalve shell belonging to the genus Arca and itsallies.
ARK,The oblong chest of acacia wood, overlaid with gold, whichsupported the mercy
seat with its golden cherubs, and occupied themost sacred place in the sanctuary.
In it Moses placed the two tablesof stone containing the ten commandments. Called
also the Ark of theCovenant.
ARKITE,Belonging to the ark. [R.] Faber.
ARKOSE,A sandstone derived from the disintegration of granite orgneiss, and
characterized by feldspar fragments. -- Ar*kos"ic (#), a.
ARLES,An earnest; earnest money; money paid to bind a bargain.[Scot.] Arles penny,
earnest money given to servants. Kersey.
ARM,To provide one's self with arms, weapons, or means of attack orresistance; to
take arms. " 'Tis time to arm." Shak.
ARM-GRET,Great as a man's arm. [Obs.]A wreath of gold, arm-gret. Chaucer.
ARMADA,A fleet of armed ships; a squadron. Specifically, the Spanishfleet which was
sent to assail England, a. d. 1558.
ARMADO,Armada. [Obs.]
ARMAMENT,All the cannon and small arms collectively, with theirequipments,
belonging to a ship or a fortification.
ARMAMENTARY,An armory; a magazine or arsenal. [R.]
ARMATURE,A piece of soft iron used to connect the two poles of a magnet,or electro-
magnet, in order to complete the circuit, or to receiveand apply the magnetic
force. In the ordinary horseshoe magnet, itserves to prevent the dissipation of the
magnetic force.
ARMCHAIR,A chair with arms to support the elbows or forearms. Tennyson.
ARMED,Having horns, beak, talons, etc; -- said of beasts and birds ofprey. Armed at
all points (Blazoning), completely incased in armor,sometimes described as armed
cap-à-pie. Cussans.-- Armed en flute. (Naut.) See under Flute.-- Armed magnet, a
magnet provided with an armature.-- Armed neutrality. See under Neutrality.
ARMENIAN,Of or pertaining to Armenia. Armenian bole, a soft clayey earthof a bright
red color found in Armenia, Tuscany, etc.-- Armenian stone. (a) The commercial name
of lapis lazuli. (b)Emery.
ARMET,A kind of helmet worn in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.
ARMFUL,As much as the arm can hold.
ARMGAUNT,With gaunt or slender legs. "An armgaunt steed." Shak.
ARMIFEROUS,Bearing arms or weapons. [R.]
ARMIGER,Formerly, an armor bearer, as of a knight, an esquire who borehis shield
and rendered other services. In later use, one next indegree to a knight, and
entitled to armorial bearings. The term isnow superseded by esquire. Jacob.
ARMIGEROUS,Bearing arms. [R.]They belonged to the armigerous part of the
population, and wereentitled to write themselves Esquire. De Quincey.
ARMILLA,A ring of hair or feathers on the legs.
ARMILLARY,Pertaining to, or resembling, a bracelet or ring; consisting ofrings or
circles. Armillary sphere, an ancient astronomical machinecomposed of an assemblage
of rings, all circles of the same sphere,designed to represent the positions of the
important circles of thecelestial sphere. Nichol.
ARMING,A piece of tallow placed in a cavity at the lower end of asounding lead, to
bring up the sand, shells, etc., of the sea bottom.Totten.
ARMINIAN,Of or pertaining to Arminius of his followers, or to theirdoctrines. See
note under Arminian, n.
ARMINIANISM,The religious doctrines or tenets of the Arminians.
ARMIPOTENCE,Power in arms. [R.] Johnson.
ARMIPOTENT,Powerful in arms; mighty in battle.The temple stood of Mars armipotent.
Dryden.
ARMISTICE,A cessation of arms for a short time, by convention; atemporary
suspension of hostilities by agreement; a truce.
ARMONIAC,Ammoniac. [Obs.]
ARMOR-BEARER,One who carries the armor or arms of another; an armiger. Judg.ix. 54.
ARMOR-PLATED,Covered with defensive plates of metal, as a ship of war;steel-
clad.This day will be launched . . . the first armor-plated steam frigatein the
possession of Great Britain. Times (Dec. 29, 1860).
ARMORED CRUISER,A man-of-war carrying a large coal supply, and more or
lessprotected from the enemy's shot by iron or steel armor. There is nodistinct and
accepted classification distinguishing armored andprotected cruisers from each
other, except that the first have moreor heavier armor than the second.
ARMORED,Clad with armor.
ARMORIAL,Belonging to armor, or to the heraldic arms or escutcheon of
afamily.Figures with armorial signs of race and birth. Wordsworth.Armorial
bearings. See Arms, 4.
ARMORICAN,A native of Armorica.
ARMORIST,One skilled in coat armor or heraldry. Cussans.
ARMORY,A thick plain silk, generally black, and used for clerical.Simmonds.
ARMPIT,The hollow beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder; theaxilla.
ARMRACK,A frame, generally vertical, for holding small arms.
ARMS,Anything which a man takes in his hand in anger, to strike orassault another
with; an aggressive weapon. Cowell. Blackstone.
ARMY ORGANIZATION,The system by which a country raises, classifies, arranges,
andequips its armed land forces. The usual divisions are: (1) A regularor active
army, in which soldiers serve continuously with the colorsand live in barracks or
cantonments when not in the field; (2) thereserves of this army, in which the
soldiers, while remainingconstantly subject to a call to the colors, live at their
homes,being summoned more or less frequently to report for instruction,drill, or
maneuvers; and (3) one or more classes of soldiersorganized largely for territorial
defense, living at home and havingonly occasional periods of drill and instraction,
who are variouslycalled home reserves (as in the table below), second, third,
etc.,line of defense (the regular army and its reserves ordinarilyconstituting the
first line of defense), territorial forces, or thelike. In countries where
conscription prevails a soldier is supposedto serve a given number of years. He is
usually enrolled first inthe regular army, then passes to its reserve, then into
the homereserves, to serve until he reaches the age limit. It for any reasonhe is
not enrolled in the regular army, he may begin his service inthe army reserves or
even the home reserves, but then serves the fullnumber of years or up to the age
limit. In equipment the organizationof the army is into the three great arms of
infantry, cavalry, andartillery, together with more or less numerous other
branches, suchas engineers, medical corps, etc., besides the staff
organizationssuch as those of the pay and subsistence departments.
ARMY WORM,The wild buffalo of India (Bos, or Bubalus, arni), larger thanthe
domestic buffalo and having enormous horns.
ARNATTO,See Annotto.
ARNICA,A genus of plants; also, the most important species (Arnicamontana), native
of the mountains of Europe, used in medicine as anarcotic and stimulant.
ARNICIN,An active principle of Arnica montana. It is a bitter resin.
ARNICINE,An alkaloid obtained from the arnica plant.
ARNOTTO,Same as Annotto.
AROINT,Stand off, or begone. [Obs.]Aroint thee, witch, the rump-fed ronyon cries.
Shak.
AROLLA,The stone pine (Pinus Cembra).
AROMA,Pertaining to, or containing, aroma; fragrant; spicy; strong-scented;
odoriferous; as, aromatic balsam. Aromatic compound (Chem.),one of a large class of
organic substances, as the oils of bitteralmonds, wintergreen, and turpentine, the
balsams, camphors, etc.,many of which have an aromatic odor. They include many of
the mostimportant of the carbon compounds and may all be derived from thebenzene
group, C6H6. The term is extended also to many of theirderivatives.-- Aromatic
vinegar. See under Vinegar.
AROMATIC,A plant, drug, or medicine, characterized by a fragrant smell,and usually
by a warm, pungent taste, as ginger, cinnamon spices.
AROMATIZATION,The act of impregnating or secting with aroma.
AROMATIZE,To impregnate with aroma; to render aromatic; to give a spicyscent or
taste to; to perfume. Bacon.
AROMATIZER,One who, or that which, aromatizes or renders aromatic. Evelyn.
AROMATOUS,Aromatic. [Obs.] Caxton.
AROPH,A barbarous word used by the old chemists to designate variousmedical
remedies. [Obs.]
AROSE,The past or preterit tense of Arise.
AROUSAL,The act of arousing, or the state of being aroused.Whatever has associated
itself with the arousal and activity of ourbetter nature. Hare.
AROUSE,To excite to action from a state of rest; to stir, or put inmotion or
exertion; to rouse; to excite; as, to arouse one fromsleep; to arouse the dormant
faculties.Grasping his spear, forth issued to arouse His brother, mightysovereign
on the host. Cowper.No suspicion was aroused. Merivale.
AROW,In a row, line, or rank; successively; in order. Shak.And twenty, rank in
rank, they rode arow. Dryden.
AROYNT,See Aroint.
ARPEGGIO,The production of the tones of a chord in rapid succession, asin playing
the harp, and not simultaneously; a strain thus played.
ARPENTATOR,The Anglicized form of the French arpenteur, a land surveyor.[R.]
ARPINE,An arpent. [Obs.] Webster (1623).
ARQUATED,Shaped like a bow; arcuate; curved. [R.]
ARQUEBUSIER,A soldier armed with an arquebus.Soldiers armed with guns, of
whatsoever sort or denomination, appearto have been called arquebusiers. E. Lodge.
ARQUIFOUX,Same as Alquifou.
ARRACH,See Orach.
ARRACK,A name in the East Indies and the Indian islands for all ardentspirits.
Arrack is often distilled from a fermented mixture of rice,molasses, and palm wine
of the cocoanut tree or the date palm, etc.
ARRAGONITE,See Aragonite.
ARRAIGN,To call or set as a prisoner at the bar of a court to answer tothe matter
charged in an indictment or complaint. Blackstone.
ARRAIGNER,One who arraigns. Coleridge.
ARRAIGNMENT,The act of arraigning, or the state of being arraigned; the actof
calling and setting a prisoner before a court to answer to anindictment or
complaint.
ARRANGER,One who arranges. Burke.
ARRANT,Notoriously or preëminently bad; thorough or downright, in abad sense;
shameless; unmitigated; as, an arrant rogue or coward.I discover an arrant laziness
in my soul. Fuller.
ARRANTLY,Notoriously, in an ill sense; infamously; impudently;shamefully.
L'Estrange.
ARRAS,Tapestry; a rich figured fabric; especially, a screen orhangings of heavy
cloth with interwoven figures.Stateliest couches, with rich arras spread.
Cowper.Behind the arras I'll convey myself. Shak.
ARRASENE,A material of wool or silk used for working the figures inembroidery.
ARRASTRE,A rude apparatus for pulverizing ores, esp. those containingfree gold.
ARRAUGHT,Obtained; seized. Spenser.
ARRAY,To set in order, as a jury, for the trial of a cause; that is,to call them
man by man. Blackstone. To array a panel, to set forthin order the men that are
impaneled. Cowell. Tomlins.
ARRAYER,One who arrays. In some early English statutes, applied to anofficer who
had care of the soldiers' armor, and who saw them dulyaccoutered.
ARREAR,To or in the rear; behind; backwards. [Obs.] Spenser.
ARREARAGE,That which remains unpaid and overdue, after payment of a
part;arrears.The old arrearages . . . being defrayed. Howell.
ARRECT,To impute. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
ARRECTARY,An upright beam. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ARRENOTOKOUS,Producing males from unfertilized eggs, as certain wasps andbees.
ARRENTATION,A letting or renting, esp. a license to inclose land in aforest with a
low hedge and a ditch, under a yearly rent.
ARREPTION,The act of taking away. [Obs.] "This arreption was sudden." Bp.Hall.
ARREPTITIOUS,Snatched away; seized or possessed, as a demoniac; raving; mad;crack-
brained. [Obs.]Odd, arreptitious, frantic extravagances. Howell.
ARREST,To take, seize, or apprehend by authority of law; as, to arrestone for debt,
or for a crime.
ARRESTATION,Arrest. [R.]The arrestation of the English resident in France was
decreed by theNational Convention. H. M. Williams.
ARRESTEE,The person in whose hands is the property attached byarrestment.
ARRESTER,The person at whose suit an arrestment is made. [Also writtenarrestor.]
ARRESTING,Striking; attracting attention; impressive.This most solemn and arresting
occurrence. J. H. Newman.
ARRESTIVE,Tending to arrest. McCosh.
ARRESTMENT,The arrest of a person, or the seizure of his effects; esp., aprocess by
which money or movables in the possession of a third partyare attached.
ARRET,Same as Aret. [Obs.] Spenser.
ARRHA,Money or other valuable thing given to evidence a contract; apledge or
earnest.
ARRHAPHOSTIC,Seamless. [R.]
ARRHYTMY,Want of rhythm. [R.]
ARRIDE,To please; to gratify. [Archaic] B. Jonson.Above all thy rarities, old
Oxenford, what do most arride and solaceme are thy repositories of moldering
learning. Lamb.
ARRIERE,"That which is behind"; the rear; -- chiefly used as anadjective in the
sense of behind, rear, subordinate. Arriere fee,Arriere fief, a fee or fief
dependent on a superior fee, or a feeheld of a feudatory.-- Arriere vassal, the
vassal of a vassal.
ARRIERE-BAN,A proclamation, as of the French kings, calling not only theirimmediate
feudatories, but the vassals of these feudatories, to takethe field for war; also,
the body of vassals called or liable to becalled to arms, as in ancient France.
ARRIS,The sharp edge or salient angle formed by two surfaces meetingeach other,
whether plane or curved; -- applied particularly to theedges in moldings, and to
the raised edges which separate theflutings in a Doric column. P. Cyc. Arris
fillet, a triangular pieceof wood used to raise the slates of a roof against a
chimney or wall,to throw off the rain. Gwilt.-- Arris gutter, a gutter of a V form
fixed to the eaves of abuilding. Gwilt.
ARRISH,The stubble of wheat or grass; a stubble field; eddish. [Eng.][Written also
arish, ersh, etc.]The moment we entered the stubble or arrish. Blackw. Mag.
ARRISWISE,Diagonally laid, as tiles; ridgewise.
ARRIVANCE,Arrival. [Obs.] Shak.
ARRIVE,Arrival. [Obs.] Chaucer.How should I joy of thy arrive to hear! Drayton.
ARRIVER,One who arrives.
ARROGANCE,The act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in anoverbearing
manner; that species of pride which consists inexorbitant claims of rank, dignity,
estimation, or power, or whichexalts the worth or importance of the person to an
undue degree;proud contempt of others; lordliness; haughtiness; self-
assumption;presumption.I hate not you for her proud arrogance. Shak.
ARROGANCY,Arrogance. Shak.
ARROGANTLY,In an arrogant manner; with undue pride or self-importance.
ARROGANTNESS,Arrogance. [R.]
ARROGATE,To assume, or claim as one's own, unduly, proudly, orpresumptuously; to
make undue claims to, from vanity or baselesspretensions to right or merit; as, the
pope arrogated dominion overkings.He arrogated to himself the right of deciding
dogmatically what wasorthodox doctrine. Macaulay.
ARROGATION,Adoption of a person of full age.
ARROGATIVE,Making undue claims and pretension; prone to arrogance. [R.]Dr. H. More.
ARRONDISSEMENT,A subdivision of a department. [France]
ARROSE,To drench; to besprinkle; to moisten. [Obs.]The blissful dew of heaven does
arrose you. Two N. Kins.
ARROSION,A gnawing. [Obs.] Bailey.
ARROW GRASS,An herbaceous grasslike plant (Triglochin palustre, and otherspecies)
with pods opening so as to suggest barbed arrowheads.
ARROW,A missile weapon of offense, slender, pointed, and usuallyfeathered and
barbed, to be shot from a bow. Broad arrow. (a) Anarrow with a broad head. (b) A
mark placed upon British ordnance andgovernment stores, which bears a rude
resemblance to a broadarrowhead.
ARROWHEAD,An aquatic plant of the genus Sagittaria, esp. S. sagittifolia,-- named
from the shape of the leaves.
ARROWHEADED,Shaped like the head of an arow; cuneiform. Arrowheadedcharacters,
characters the elements of which consist of strokesresembling arrowheads,
nailheads, or wedges; -- hence called alsonail-headed, wedge-formed, cuneiform, or
cuneatic characters; theoldest written characters used in the country about the
Tigris andEuphrates, and subsequently in Persia, and abounding among the ruinsof
Persepolis, Nineveh, and Babylon. See Cuneiform.
ARROWROOT,A west Indian plant of the genus Maranta, esp. M. arundinacea,now
cultivated in many hot countries. It said that the Indians usedthe roots to
neutralize the venom in wounds made by poisoned arrows.
ARROWWOOD,A shrub (Viburnum dentatum) growing in damp woods and thickets;-- so
called from the long, straight, slender shoots.
ARROWWORM,A peculiar transparent worm of the genus Sagitta, living at thesurface of
the sea. See Sagitta.
ARSCHIN,See Arshine.
ARSE,The buttocks, or hind part of an animal; the posteriors; thefundament; the
bottom.
ARSENAL,A public establishment for the storage, or for the manufactureand storage,
of arms and all military equipments, whether for land ornaval service.
ARSENATE,A salt of arsenic acid.
ARSENIATE,See Arsenate. [R.]
ARSENIC,One of the elements, a solid substance resembling a metal inits physical
properties, but in its chemical relations ranking withthe nonmetals. It is of a
steel-gray color and brilliant luster,though usually dull from tarnish. It is very
brittle, and sublimes at356º Fahrenheit. It is sometimes found native, but usually
combinedwith silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or sulphur. Orpiment
andrealgar are two of its sulphur compounds, the first of which is thetrue
arsenticum of the ancients. The element and its compounds areactive poisons.
Specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9. Atomic weight.Symbol As.
ARSENICAL,Of or pertaining to, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenicalvapor;
arsenical wall papers. Arsenical silver, an ore of silvercontaining arsenic.
ARSENICATE,To combine with arsenic; to treat or impregnate with arsenic.
ARSENICISM,A diseased condition produced by slow poisoning with arsenic.
ARSENIDE,A compound of arsenic with a metal, or positive element orradical; --
formerly called arseniuret.
ARSENIFEROUS,Containing or producing arsenic.
ARSENIOUS,Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic, when having anequivalence next
lower than the highest; as, arsenious acid.
ARSENITE,A salt formed by the union of arsenious acid with a base.
ARSENIURET,See Arsenide.
ARSENIURETED,Combined with arsenic; -- said some elementary substances orradicals;
as, arseniureted hydrogen. [Also spelt arseniuretted.]
ARSENOPYRITE,A mineral of a tin-white color and metallic luster, containingarsenic,
sulphur, and iron; -- also called arsenical pyrites andmispickel.
ARSESMART,Smartweed; water pepper. Dr. Prior.
ARSHINE,A Russian measure of length = 2 ft. 4.246 inches.
ARSINE,A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3, a colorless andexceedingly
poisonous gas, having and odor like garlic; arseniuretedhydrogen.
ARSIS,The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which itis raised, in
beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar; -- opposed to thesis. Moore.
ARSMETRIKE,Arithmetic. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARSON,The malicious burning of a dwelling house or outhouse ofanother man, which by
the common law is felony; the malicious andvoluntary firing of a building or ship.
Wharton.
ART UNION,An association for promoting art (esp. the arts of design), andgiving
encouragement to artists.
ART,The second person singular, indicative mode, present tense, ofthe substantive
verb Be; but formed after the analogy of the pluralare, with the ending -t, as in
thou shalt, wilt, orig. an ending ofthe second person sing. pret. Cf. Be. Now used
only in solemn orpoetical style.
ARTEMIA,A genus of phyllopod Crustacea found in salt lakes and brines;the brine
shrimp. See Brine shrimp.
ARTEMISIA,A genus of plants including the plants called mugwort,southernwood, and
wormwood. Of these A. absinthium, or commonwormwood, is well known, and A.
tridentata is the sage brush of theRocky Mountain region.
ARTERIAC,Of or pertaining to the windpipe.
ARTERIALIZATION,The process of converting venous blood into arterial bloodduring
its passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed andcarbonic acid evolved; --
called also aëration and hematosis.
ARTERIALIZE,To transform, as the venous blood, into arterial blood byexposure to
oxygen in the lungs; to make arterial.
ARTERIOGRAPHY,A systematic description of the arteries.
ARTERIOLE,A small artery.
ARTERIOLOGY,That part of anatomy which treats of arteries.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS,Abnormal thickening and hardening of the walls of the
arteries,esp. of the intima, occurring mostly in old age. --Ar*te`ri*o*scle*rot"ic
(#), a.
ARTERIOTOMY,The opening of an artery, esp. for bloodletting.
ARTERITIS,Inflammation of an artery or arteries. Dunglison.
ARTERY,One of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous orarterial blood from
the heart. They have tricker and more muscularwalls than veins, and are connected
with them by capillaries.
ARTESIAN,Of or pertaining to Artois (anciently called Artesium), inFrance. Artesian
wells, wells made by boring into the earth till theinstrument reaches water, which,
from internal pressure, flowsspontaneously like a fountain. They are usually of
small diameter andoften of great depth.
ARTFULLY,In an artful manner; with art or cunning; skillfully;dexterously;
craftily.
ARTFULNESS,The quality of being artful; art; cunning; craft.
ARTHEN,Same as Earthen. [Obs.] "An arthen pot." Holland.
ARTHRITIS,Any inflammation of the joints, particularly the gout.
ARTHROCHONDRITIS,Chondritis of a joint.
ARTHRODERM,The external covering of an Arthropod.
ARTHRODESIS,Surgical fixation of joints.
ARTHRODIA,A form of diarthrodial articulation in which the articularsurfaces are
nearly flat, so that they form only an imperfect balland socket.
ARTHRODYNIA,An affection characterized by pain in or about a joint, notdependent
upon structural disease.
ARTHRODYNIC,Pertaining to arthrodynia, or pain in the joints; rheumatic.
ARTHROGASTRA,A division of the Arachnida, having the abdomen annulated,including
the scorpions, harvestmen, etc.; pedipalpi.
ARTHROGRAPHY,The description of joints.
ARTHROLOGY,That part of anatomy which treats of joints.
ARTHROMERE,One of the body segments of Arthropods. See Arthrostraca.Packard.
ARTHROPATHY,Any disease of the joints.
ARTHROPLEURA,The side or limb-bearing portion of an arthromere.
ARTHROPOD,One of the Arthropoda.
ARTHROPODA,A large division of Articulata, embracing all those that havejointed
legs. It includes Insects, Arachnida, Pychnogonida, andCrustacea.-- Ar*throp"o*dal,
a.
ARTHROPOMATA,One of the orders of Branchiopoda. See Branchiopoda.
ARTHROSIS,Articulation.
ARTHROSPORE,A bacterial resting cell, -- formerly considered a spore, butnow known
to occur even in endosporous bacteria. -- Ar`thro*spor"ic(#), Ar*thros"po*rous (#),
a.
ARTHROSTRACA,One of the larger divisions of Crustacea, so called because thethorax
and abdomen are both segmented; Tetradecapoda. It includes theAmphipoda and
Isopoda.
ARTHROTOME,A strong scalpel used in the dissection of joints.
ARTHROZOIC,Of or pertaining to the Articulata; articulate.
ARTHURIAN,Of or pertaining to King Arthur or his knights. J. R. Symonds.
ARTIAD,Even; not odd; -- said of elementary substances and of radicalsthe valence
of which is divisible by two without a remainder.
ARTICLE,One of the three words, a, an, the, used before nouns to limitor define
their application. A (or an) is called the indefinitearticle, the the definite
article.
ARTICLED,Bound by articles; apprenticed; as, an articled clerk.
ARTICULAR,Of or pertaining to the joints; as, an articular disease; anarticular
process.
ARTICULARLY,In an articular or an articulate manner.
ARTICULATE,An animal of the subkingdom Articulata.
ARTICULATENESS,Quality of being articulate.
ARTICULATION,A joint or juncture between bones in the skeleton.
ARTICULATIVE,Of or pertaining to articulation. Bush.
ARTICULATOR,One who, or that which, articulates; as: (a) One who
enunciatesdistinctly. (b) One who prepares and mounts skeletons. (c) Aninstrument
to cure stammering.
ARTICULUS,A joint of the cirri of the Crinoidea; a joint or segment of anarthropod
appendage.
ARTIFACT,A product of human workmanship; -- applied esp. to the simplerproducts of
aboriginal art as distinguished from natural objects.
ARTIFICER,A military mechanic, as a blacksmith, carpenter, etc.; also,one who
prepares the shells, fuses, grenades, etc., in a militarylaboratory.
ARTIFICIALITY,The quality or appearance of being artificial; that which
isartificial.
ARTIFICIALIZE,To render artificial.
ARTIFICIALNESS,The quality of being artificial.
ARTIFICIOUS,Artificial. [Obs.] Johnson.
ARTILIZE,To make resemble. [Obs.]If I was a philosopher, says Montaigne, I would
naturalize artinstead of artilizing nature. Bolingbroke.
ARTILLERIST,A person skilled in artillery or gunnery; a gunner; anartilleryman.
ARTILLERY WHEEL,A kind of heavily built dished wheel with a long axle box, usedon
gun carriages, usually having 14 spokes and 7 felloes; hence, awheel of similar
construction for use on automobiles, etc.
ARTILLERYMAN,A man who manages, or assists in managing, a large gun infiring.
ARTIODACTYLA,One of the divisions of the ungulate animals. The functionaltoes of
the hind foot are even in number, and the third digit of eachfoot (corresponding to
the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical andpaired with the fourth digit, as in
the hog, the sheep, and the ox; -- opposed to Perissodactyla.
ARTIODACTYLE,One of the Artiodactyla.
ARTIODACTYLOUS,Even-toed.
ARTISTE,One peculiarly dexterous and tasteful in almost any employment,as an opera
dancer, a hairdresser, a cook.
ARTLESSLY,In an artless manner; without art, skill, or guile;unaffectedly. Pope.
ARTLESSNESS,The quality of being artless, or void of art or guile;simplicity;
sincerity.
ARTLY,With art or skill. [Obs.]
ARTOTYPE,A kind of autotype.
ARTOTYRITE,One of a sect in the primitive church, who celebrated theLord's Supper
with bread and cheese, alleging that the firstoblations of men not only of the
fruit of the earth, but of theirflocks. [Gen. iv. 3, 4.]
ARTOW,A contraction of art thou. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ARTSMAN,A man skilled in an art or in arts. [Obs.] Bacon.
ARUM,A genus of plants found in central Europe and about theMediterranean, having
flowers on a spadix inclosed in a spathe. Thecuckoopint of the English is an
example.Our common arums the lords and ladies of village children. Lubbock.
ARUNDELIAN,Pertaining to an Earl of Arundel; as, Arundel or Arundelianmarbles,
marbles from ancient Greece, bought by the Earl of Arundelin 1624.
ARUNDIFEROUS,Producing reeds or canes.
ARUNDINACEOUS,Of or pertaining to a reed; resembling the reed or cane.
ARUNDINEOUS,Abounding with reeds; reedy.
ARUSPEX,One of the class of diviners among the Etruscans and Romans,who foretold
events by the inspection of the entrails of victimsoffered on the altars of the
gods.
ARUSPICE,A soothsayer of ancient Rome. Same as Aruspex. [Written alsoharuspice.]
ARUSPICY,Prognostication by inspection of the entrails of victims slainsacrifice.
ARVAL,A funeral feast. [North of Eng.] Grose.
ARVICOLE,A mouse of the genus Arvicola; the meadow mouse. There are manyspecies.
ARYAN,Of or pertaining to the people called Aryans; Indo-European;Indo-Germanic;
as, the Aryan stock, the Aryan languages.
ARYANIZE,To make Aryan (a language, or in language). K. Johnston.
ARYTENOID,Ladle-shaped; -- applied to two small cartilages of the larynx,and also
to the glands, muscles, etc., connected with them. Thecartilages are attached to
the cricoid cartilage and connected withthe vocal cords.
AS,An ace. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ambes-as, double aces.
ASA,An ancient name of a gum.
ASAPHUS,A genus of trilobites found in the Lower Silurian formation.See Illust. in
Append.
ASARABACCA,An acrid herbaceous plant (Asarum Europæum), the leaves androots of
which are emetic and cathartic. It is principally used incephalic snuffs.
ASARONE,A crystallized substance, resembling camphor, obtained from theAsarum
Europæum; -- called also camphor of asarum.
ASBESTIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling asbestus; inconsumable;asbestine.
ASBESTIFORM,Having the form or structure of asbestus.
ASBESTINE,Of or pertaining to asbestus, or partaking of its nature;incombustible;
asbestic.
ASBESTOUS,Asbestic.
ASBOLIN,A peculiar acrid and bitter oil, obtained from wood soot.
ASCARIASIS,A disease, usually accompanied by colicky pains and diarrhea,caused by
the presence of ascarids in the gastrointestinal canal.
ASCARID,A parasitic nematoid worm, espec. the roundworm, Ascarislumbricoides, often
occurring in the human intestine and alliedspecies found in domestic animals; also
commonly applied to thepinworm (Oxyuris), often troublesome to children and aged
persons.
ASCEND,To go or move upward upon or along; to climb; to mount; to goup the top of;
as, to ascend a hill, a ladder, a tree, a river, athrone.
ASCENDABLE,Capable of being ascended.
ASCENDANT,The horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic which rises abovethe
horizon at the moment of one's birth; supposed to have acommanding influence on a
person's life and fortune.
ASCENDENCY,Governing or controlling influence; domination; power.An undisputed
ascendency. Macaulay.Custom has an ascendency over the understanding. Watts.
ASCENDIBLE,Capable of being ascended; climbable.
ASCENDING,Rising; moving upward; as, an ascending kite.-- As*cend"ing*ly, adv.
Ascending latitude (Astron.), the increasinglatitude of a planet. Ferguson.--
Ascending line (Geneol.), the line of relationship tracedbackward or through one's
ancestors. One's father and mother,grandfather and grandmother, etc., are in the
line direct ascending.-- Ascending node having, that node of the moon or a planet
whereinit passes the ecliptic to proceed northward. It is also called thenorthern
node. Herschel.-- Ascending series. (Math.) (a) A series arranged according to
theascending powers of a quantity. (b) A series in which each term isgreater than
the preceding.-- Ascending signs, signs east of the meridian.
ASCENSIONAL,Relating to ascension; connected with ascent; ascensive;tending upward;
as, the ascensional power of a balloon. Ascensionaldifference (Astron.), the
difference between oblique and rightascension; -- used chiefly as expressing the
difference between thetime of the rising or setting of a body and six o'clock, or
six hoursfrom its meridian passage.
ASCENSIVE,Augmentative; intensive. Ellicott.
ASCERTAINABLE,That may be ascertained.-- As`cer*tain"a*ble*ness, n.--
As`cer*tain"a*bly, adv.
ASCERTAINER,One who ascertains.
ASCERTAINMENT,The act of ascertaining; a reducing to certainty; a finding outby
investigation; discovery.The positive ascertainment of its limits. Burke.
ASCETIC,Extremely rigid in self-denial and devotions; austere; severe.The stern
ascetic rigor of the Temple discipline. Sir W. Scott.
ASCETICISM,The condition, practice, or mode of life, of ascetics.
ASCHAM,A sort of cupboard, or case, to contain bows and otherimplements of archery.
ASCI,See Ascus.
ASCIAN,One of the Ascii.
ASCIDIAN,One of the Ascidioidea, or in a more general sense, one of theTunicata.
Also as an adj.
ASCIDIARIUM,The structure which unites together the ascidiozooids in acompound
ascidian.
ASCIDIFORM,Shaped like an ascidian.
ASCIDIOIDEA,A group of Tunicata, often shaped like a two-necked bottle. Thegroup
includes, social, and compound species. The gill is a netlikestructure within the
oral aperture. The integument is usuallyleathery in texture. See Illustration in
Appendix.
ASCIDIOZOOID,One of the individual members of a compound ascidian. SeeAscidioidea.
ASCIDIUM,A pitcher-shaped, or flask-shaped, organ or appendage of aplant, as the
leaves of the pitcher plant, or the little bladderliketraps of the bladderwort
(Utricularia).
ASCIGEROUS,Having asci. Loudon.
ASCITES,A collection of serous fluid in the cavity of the abdomen;dropsy of the
peritoneum. Dunglison.
ASCITITIOUS,Supplemental; not inherent or original; adscititious;additional;
assumed.Homer has been reckoned an ascititious name. Pope.
ASCLEPIAD,A choriambic verse, first used by the Greek poet Asclepias,consisting of
four feet, viz., a spondee, two choriambi, and aniambus.
ASCLEPIADACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the Milkweedfamily.
ASCLEPIAS,A genus of plants including the milkweed, swallowwort, and someother
species having medicinal properties. Asclepias butterfly(Zoöl.), a large, handsome,
red and black butterfly (DanaisArchippus), found in both hemispheres. It feeds on
plants of thegenus Asclepias.
ASCOCARP,In ascomycetous fungi, the spherical, discoid, or cup-shapedbody within
which the asci are collected, and which constitutes themature fructification. The
different forms are known in mycologyunder distinct names. Called also spore fruit.
ASCOCOCCUS,A form of micrococcus, found in putrid meat infusions,occurring in
peculiar masses, each of which is inclosed in a hyalinecapsule and contains a large
number of spherical micrococci.
ASCOMYCETES,A large class of higher fungi distinguished by septate hyphæ,and by
having their spores formed in asci, or spore sacs. Itcomprises many orders, among
which are the yeasts, molds, mildews,truffles, morels, etc. -- As`co*my*ce"tous
(#), a.
ASCOSPORE,One of the spores contained in the asci of lichens and fungi.[See Illust.
of Ascus.]
ASCRIBABLE,Capable of being ascribed; attributable.
ASCRIPT,See Adscript. [Obs.]
ASCRIPTION,The act of ascribing, imputing, or affirming to belong; also,that which
is ascribed.
ASCUS,A small membranous bladder or tube in which are inclosed theseedlike
reproductive particles or sporules of lichens and certainfungi.
ASEMIA,Loss of power to express, or to understand, symbols or signs ofthought.
ASEPSIS,State of being aseptic; the methods or processes ofasepticizing.
ASEPTIC,Not liable to putrefaction; nonputrescent.-- n.
ASEXUAL,Having no distinct; without sexual action; as, asexualreproduction. See
Fission and Gemmation.
ASEXUALIZATION,The act or process of sterilizing an animal or human being, asby
vasectomy.
ASEXUALLY,In an asexual manner; without sexual agency.
ASH WEDNESDAY,The first day of Lent; -- so called from a custom in the
RomanCatholic church of putting ashes, on that day, upon the foreheads ofpenitents.
ASH,A genus of trees of the Olive family, having opposite pinnateleaves, many of
the species furnishing valuable timber, as theEuropean ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and
the white ash (F. Americana).Prickly ash (Zanthoxylum Americanum) and Poison ash
(Rhus venenata)are shrubs of different families, somewhat resembling the true
ashesin their foliage.-- Mountain ash. See Roman tree, and under Mountain.
ASH-COLORED,Of the color of ashes; a whitish gray or brownish gray.
ASH-FIRE,A low fire used in chemical operations.
ASHAME,To shame. [R.] Barrow.
ASHAMED,Affected by shame; abashed or confused by guilt, or aconviction or
consciousness of some wrong action or impropriety. "Iam ashamed to beg." Wyclif.All
that forsake thee shall be ashamed. Jer. xvii. 13.I began to be ashamed of sitting
idle. Johnson.Enough to make us ashamed of our species. Macaulay.An ashamed person
can hardly endure to meet the gaze of thosepresent. Darwin.
ASHAMEDLY,Bashfully. [R.]
ASHANTEE,A native or an inhabitant of Ashantee in Western Africa.
ASHEN,Of or pertaining to the ash tree. "Ashen poles." Dryden.
ASHINE,Shining; radiant.
ASHORE,On shore or on land; on the land adjacent to water; to theshore; to the
land; aground (when applied to a ship); -- sometimesopposed to aboard or
afloat.Here shall I die ashore. Shak.I must fetch his necessaries ashore. Shak.
ASHTORETH,The principal female divinity of the Phoenicians, as Baal wasthe
principal male divinity. W. Smith.
ASHWEED,Goutweed.
ASIAN,Of or pertaining to Asia; Asiatic. "Asian princes." Jer.Taylor.-- n.
ASIARCH,One of the chiefs or pontiffs of the Roman province of Asia,who had the
superintendence of the public games and religious rites.Milner.
ASIATIC,Of or pertaining to Asia or to its inhabitants.-- n.
ASIATICISM,Something peculiar to Asia or the Asiatics.
ASIDE,Something spoken aside; as, a remark made by a stageplayerwhich the other
players are not supposed to hear.
ASILUS,A genus of large and voracious two-winged flies, including thebee killer and
robber fly.
ASININE,Of or belonging to, or having the qualities of, the ass, asstupidity and
obstinacy. "Asinine nature." B. Jonson. "Asininefeast." Milton.
ASININITY,The quality of being asinine; stupidity combined withobstinacy.
ASIPHONATE,Destitute of a siphon or breathing tube; -- said of manybivalve
shells.-- n.
ASITIA,Want of appetite; loathing of food.
ASK,A water newt. [Scot. & North of Eng.]
ASKANCE,To turn aside. [Poet.]O, how are they wrapped in with infamies That from
their own misdeedsaskance their eyes! Shak.
ASKER,One who asks; a petitioner; an inquirer. Shak.
ASKEW,Awry; askance; asquint; oblique or obliquely; -- sometimesindicating scorn,
or contempt, or entry. Spenser.
ASLAKE,To mitigate; to moderate; to appease; to abate; to diminish.[Archaic]
Chaucer.
ASLANT,Toward one side; in a slanting direction; obliquely.[The shaft] drove
through his neck aslant. Dryden.
ASLOPE,Slopingly; aslant; declining from an upright direction;sloping. "Set them
not upright, but aslope." Bacon.
ASLUG,Sluggishly. [Obs.] Fotherby.
ASMEAR,Smeared over. Dickens.
ASMONEAN,Of or pertaining to the patriotic Jewish family to which theMaccabees
belonged; Maccabean; as, the Asmonean dynasty. [Writtenalso Asmonæan.]
ASOAK,Soaking.
ASOMATOUS,Without a material body; incorporeal. Todd.
ASONANT,Not sounding or sounded. [R.] C. C. Felton.
ASP,Same as Aspen. "Trembling poplar or asp." Martyn.
ASPARAGINE,A white, nitrogenous, crystallizable substance, C4H8N2O3+H2O,found in
many plants, and first obtained from asparagus. It isbelieved to aid in the
disposition of nitrogenous matter throughoutthe plant; -- called also altheine.
ASPARAGINOUS,Pertaining or allied to, or resembling, asparagus; havingshoots which
are eaten like asparagus; as, asparaginous vegetables.
ASPARAGUS,A genus of perennial plants belonging to the natural orderLiliaceæ, and
having erect much branched stems, and very slenderbranchlets which are sometimes
mistaken for leaves. Asparagusracemosus is a shrubby climbing plant with fragrant
flowers.Specifically: The Asparagus officinalis, a species cultivated ingardens.
ASPARTIC,Pertaining to, or derived, asparagine; as, aspartic acid.
ASPECT RATIO,The ratio of the long to the short side of an aëroplane,aërocurve, or
wing.
ASPECT,The situation of planets or stars with respect to one another,or the angle
formed by the rays of light proceeding from them andmeeting at the eye; the joint
look of planets or stars upon eachother or upon the earth. Milton.
ASPECTABLE,Capable of being; visible. "The aspectable world." Ray."Aspectable
stars." Mrs. Browning.
ASPECTANT,Facing each other.
ASPECTED,Having an aspect. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
ASPECTION,The act of viewing; a look. [Obs.]
ASPEN,Of or pertaining to the aspen, or resembling it; made of aspenwood.Nor aspen
leaves confess the gentlest breeze. Gay.
ASPER,Rough; rugged; harsh; bitter; stern; fierce. [Archaic] "Anasper sound."
Bacon.
ASPERATE,To make rough or uneven.The asperated part of its surface. Boyle.
ASPERATION,The act of asperating; a making or becoming rough. Bailey.
ASPERGES,See Wateringpot shell.
ASPERGILLIFORM,Resembling the aspergillum in form; as, an aspergilliformstigma.
Gray.
ASPERMATOUS,Aspermous.
ASPERMOUS,Destitute of seeds; aspermatous.
ASPERNE,To spurn; to despise. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
ASPEROUS,Rough; uneven. Boyle.
ASPERSED,Having an indefinite number of small charges scattered orstrewed over the
surface. Cussans.
ASPERSER,One who asperses; especially, one who vilifies another.
ASPERSIVE,Tending to asperse; defamatory; slanderous.-- As*pers"ive*ly, adv.
ASPERSOIR,An aspergill.
ASPHALT,To cover with asphalt; as, to asphalt a roof; asphaltedstreets.
ASPHALTE,Asphaltic mastic or cement. See Asphalt, 2.
ASPHALTIC,Pertaining to, of the nature of, or containing, asphalt;bituminous.
"Asphaltic pool." "Asphaltic slime." Milton.
ASPHALTITE,Asphaltic.
ASPHALTUS,See Asphalt.
ASPHODEL,A general name for a plant of the genus Asphodelus. Theasphodels are hardy
perennial plants, several species of which arecultivated for the beauty of their
flowers.
ASPHYCTIC,Pertaining to asphyxia.
ASPHYXIAL,Of or relating to asphyxia; as, asphyxial phenomena.
ASPHYXIATE,To bring to a state of asphyxia; to suffocate.
ASPHYXIATION,The act of causing asphyxia; a state of asphyxia.
ASPIC,A European species of lavender (Lavandula spica), whichproduces a volatile
oil. See Spike.
ASPIDOBRANCHIA,A group of Gastropoda, with limpetlike shells, including theabalone
shells and keyhole limpets.
ASPIRANT,Aspiring.
ASPIRATE,To pronounce with a breathing, an aspirate, or an h sound; as,we aspirate
the words horse and house; to aspirate a vowel or aliquid consonant.
ASPIRATOR,An apparatus for passing air or gases through or over certainliquids or
solids, or for exhausting a closed vessel, by means ofsuction.
ASPIRATORY,Of or pertaining to breathing; suited to the inhaling of air
ASPIRE,To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to. [Obs.]That gallant
spirit hath aspired the clouds. Shak.
ASPIREMENT,Aspiration. [Obs.]
ASPIRER,One who aspires.
ASPIRIN,A white crystalline compound of acetyl and salicylic acid usedas a drug for
the salicylic acid liberated from it in the intestines.
ASPIRING,That aspires; as, an Aspiring mind.-- As*pir"ing*ly, adv.--
As*pir"ing*ness, n.
ASPISH,Pertaining to, or like, an asp.
ASPORTATION,The felonious removal of goods from the place where they weredeposited.
ASPRAWL,Sprawling.
ASQUAT,Squatting.
ASQUINT,With the eye directed to one side; not in the straight line ofvision;
obliquely; awry, so as to see distortedly; as, to lookasquint.
ASS,A quadruped of the genus Equus (E. asinus), smaller than thehorse, and having a
peculiarly harsh bray and long ears. The tame ordomestic ass is patient, slow, and
sure-footed, and has become thetype of obstinacy and stupidity. There are several
species of wildasses which are swift-footed.
ASSAFOETIDA,Same as Asafetida.
ASSAI,A direction equivalent to very; as, adagio assai, very slow.
ASSAILABLE,Capable of being assailed.
ASSAILANT,Assailing; attacking. Milton.
ASSAILER,One who assails.
ASSAILMENT,The act or power of assailing; attack; assault. [R.]His most frequent
assailment was the headache. Johnson.
ASSAMAR,The peculiar bitter substance, soft or liquid, and of a yellowcolor,
produced when meat, bread, gum, sugar, starch, and the like,are roasted till they
turn brown.
ASSAMESE,Of or pertaining to Assam, a province of British India, or toits
inhabitants.-- n. sing. & pl.
ASSART,The act or offense of grubbing up trees and bushes, and thusdestroying the
tickets or coverts of a forest. Spelman. Cowell.
ASSASSIN,One who kills, or attempts to kill, by surprise or secretassault; one who
treacherously murders any one unprepared fordefense.
ASSASSINATION,The act of assassinating; a killing by treacherous violence.
ASSASSINATOR,An assassin.
ASSASSINOUS,Murderous. Milton.
ASSASTION,Roasting. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ASSAULT,An apparently violent attempt, or willful offer with force orviolence, to
do hurt to another; an attempt or offer to beat another,accompanied by a degree of
violence, but without touching his person,as by lifting the fist, or a cane, in a
threatening manner, or bystriking at him, and missing him. If the blow aimed takes
effect, itis a battery. Blackstone. Wharton.Practically, however, the word assault
is used to include thebattery. Mozley & W.
ASSAULTABLE,Capable of being assaulted.
ASSAULTER,One who assaults, or violently attacks; an assailant. E. Hall.
ASSAY POUND,A small standard weight used in assaying bullion, etc.,sometimes
equaling 0.5 gram, but varying with the assayer.
ASSAY TON,A weight of 29.166 + grams used in assaying, for convenience.Since it
bears the same relation to the milligram that a ton of 2000avoirdupois pounds does
to the troy ounce, the weight in milligramsof precious metal obtained from an assay
ton of ore gives directlythe number of ounces to the ton.
ASSAY,The act or process of ascertaining the proportion of aparticular metal in an
ore or alloy; especially, the determination ofthe proportion of gold or silver in
bullion or coin.
ASSAYABLE,That may be assayed.
ASSAYER,One who assays. Specifically: One who examines metallic ores orcompounds,
for the purpose of determining the amount of anyparticular metal in the same,
especially of gold or silver.
ASSAYING,The act or process of testing, esp. of analyzing or examiningmetals and
ores, to determine the proportion of pure metal.
ASSE,A small foxlike animal (Vulpes cama) of South Africa, valuedfor its fur.
ASSECURATION,Assurance; certainty. [Obs.]
ASSECURE,To make sure or safe; to assure. [Obs.] Hooker.
ASSECUTION,An obtaining or acquiring. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
ASSEGAI,Same as Assagai.
ASSEMBLE,To collect into one place or body; to bring or call together;to convene;
to congregate.Thither he assembled all his train. Milton.All the men of Israel
assembled themselves. 1 Kings viii. 2.
ASSEMBLER,One who assembles a number of individuals; also, one of anumber
assembled.
ASSEMBLY,A beat of the drum or sound of the bugle as a signal to troopsto assemble.
ASSEMBLYMAN,A member of an assembly, especially of the lower branch of astate
legislature.
ASSENT,To admit a thing as true; to express one's agreement,acquiescence,
concurrence, or concession.Who informed the governor . . . And the Jews also
assented, sayingthat these things were so. Acts xxiv. 9.The princess assented to
all that was suggested. Macaulay.
ASSENTATION,Insincere, flattering, or obsequious assent; hypocritical orpretended
concurrence.Abject flattery and indiscriminate assentation degrade as much
asindiscriminate contradiction and noisy debate disgust. Ld.Chesterfield.
ASSENTATOR,An obsequious; a flatterer. [R.]
ASSENTATORY,Flattering; obsequious. [Obs.] -- As*sent"a*to*ri*ly, adv.[Obs.]
ASSENTER,One who assents.
ASSENTIENT,Assenting.
ASSENTING,Giving or implying assent.-- As*sent"ing*ly, adv.
ASSENTIVE,Giving assent; of the nature of assent; complying.-- As*sent"ive*ness, n.
ASSENTMENT,Assent; agreement. [Obs.]
ASSERTER,One who asserts; one who avers pr maintains; an assertor.The inflexible
asserter of the rights of the church. Milman.
ASSERTIVE,Positive; affirming confidently; affirmative; peremptory.In a confident
and assertive form. Glanvill.As*sert"ive*ly, adv.-- As*sert"ive*ness, n.
ASSERTOR,One who asserts or avers; one who maintains or vindicates aclaim or a
right; an affirmer, supporter, or vindicator; a defender;an asserter.The assertors
of liberty said not a word. Macaulay.Faithful assertor of thy country's cause.
Prior.
ASSERTORIAL,Asserting that a thing is; -- opposed to problematical andapodeictical.
ASSERTORY,Affirming; maintaining.Arguments . . . assertory, not probatory. Jer.
Taylor.An assertory, not a promissory, declaration. Bentham.A proposition is
assertory, when it enounces what is known as actual.Sir W. Hamilton.
ASSESSABLE,Liable to be assessed or taxed; as, assessable property.
ASSESSEE,One who is assessed.
ASSESSION,A sitting beside or near.
ASSESSORIAL,Of or pertaining to an assessor, or to a court of assessors.Coxe.
ASSESSORSHIP,The office or function of an assessor.
ASSET,Any article or separable part of one's assets.
ASSEVER,See Asseverate. [Archaic]
ASSEVERATE,To affirm or aver positively, or with solemnity.
ASSEVERATION,The act of asseverating, or that which is asseverated;
positiveaffirmation or assertion; solemn declaration.Another abuse of the tongue I
might add, -- vehement asseverationsupon slight and trivial occasions. Ray.
ASSEVERATIVE,Characterized by asseveration; asserting positively.
ASSEVERATORY,Asseverative.
ASSIBILATE,To make sibilant; to change to a sibilant. J. Peile.
ASSIBILATION,Change of a non-sibilant letter to a sibilant, as of -tion to -shun,
duke to ditch.
ASSIDEAN,One of a body of devoted Jews who opposed the Hellenistic Jews,and
supported the Asmoneans.
ASSIDENT,Usually attending a disease, but not always; as, assidentsigns, or
symptoms.
ASSIDUATE,Unremitting; assiduous. [Obs.] "Assiduate labor." Fabyan.
ASSIEGE,To besiege. [Obs.] "Assieged castles." Spenser.
ASSIENTIST,A shareholder of the Assiento company; one of the parties tothe Assiento
contract. Bancroft.
ASSIENTO,A contract or convention between Spain and other powers forfurnishing
negro slaves for the Spanish dominions in America, esp.the contract made with Great
Britain in 1713.
ASSIGN,To transfer, or make over to another, esp. to transfer to, andvest in,
certain persons, called assignees, for the benefit ofcreditors. To assign dower, to
set out by metes and bounds thewidow's share or portion in an estate. Kent.
ASSIGNABILITY,The quality of being assignable.
ASSIGNABLE,Capable of being assigned, allotted, specified, or designated;as, an
assignable note or bill; an assignable reason; an assignablequantity.
ASSIGNAT,One of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by therevolutionary
government of France (1790-1796), and based on thesecurity of the lands of the
church and of nobles which had beenappropriated by the state.
ASSIGNEE,In England, the persons appointed, under a commission ofbankruptcy, to
manage the estate of a bankrupt for the benefit of hiscreditors.
ASSIGNER,One who assigns, appoints, allots, or apportions.
ASSIGNOR,An assigner; a person who assigns or transfers an interest; as,the
assignor of a debt or other chose in action.
ASSIMILABILITY,The quality of being assimilable. [R.] Coleridge.
ASSIMILABLE,That may be assimilated; that may be likened, or appropriatedand
incorporated.
ASSIMILATION,The conversion of nutriment into the fluid or solid substanceof the
body, by the processes of digestion and absorption, whether inplants or animals.Not
conversing the body, not repairing it by assimilation, butpreserving it by
ventilation. Sir T. Browne.
ASSIMILATIVE,Tending to, or characterized by, assimilation; that assimilatesor
causes assimilation; as, an assimilative process or substance.
ASSIMILATORY,Tending to assimilate, or produce assimilation; as,assimilatory
organs.
ASSIMULATION,Assimilation. [Obs.] Bacon.
ASSINEGO,See Asinego.
ASSISH,Resembling an ass; asinine; stupid or obstinate.Such . . . appear to be of
the assich kind . . . Udall.
ASSIST,To give support to in some undertaking or effort, or in time ofdistress; to
help; to aid; to succor.Assist me, knight. I am undone! Shak.
ASSISTANT,Of the second grade in the staff of the army; as, an assistantsurgeon.
[U.S.]
ASSISTANTLY,In a manner to give aid. [R.]
ASSISTER,An assistant; a helper.
ASSISTFUL,Helpful.
ASSISTIVE,Lending aid, helping.
ASSISTLESS,Without aid or help. [R.] Pope.
ASSISTOR,A assister.
ASSITHMENT,See Assythment. [Obs.]
ASSIZER,An officer who has the care or inspection of weights andmeasures, etc.
ASSIZOR,A juror.
ASSOBER,To make or keep sober. [Obs.] Gower.
ASSOCIABILITY,The quality of being associable, or capable of
association;associableness. "The associability of feelings." H. Spencer.
ASSOCIABLE,Liable to be affected by sympathy with other parts; -- said oforgans,
nerves, muscles, etc.The stomach, the most associable of all the organs of the
animalbody. Med. Rep.
ASSOCIABLENESS,Associability.
ASSOCIATE,Connected by habit or sympathy; as, associate motions, such asoccur
sympathetically, in consequence of preceding motions. E.Darwin.
ASSOCIATED,Joined as a companion; brought into association; accompanying;combined.
Associated movements (Physiol.), consensual movements whichaccompany voluntary
efforts without our consciousness. Dunglison.
ASSOCIATESHIP,The state of an associate, as in Academy or an office.
ASSOCIATIONISM,The doctrine or theory held by associationists.
ASSOCIATIONIST,One who explains the higher functions and relations of the soulby
the association of ideas; e. g., Hartley, J. C. Mill.
ASSOCIATIVE,Having the quality of associating; tending or leading toassociation;
as, the associative faculty. Hugh Miller.
ASSOCIATOR,An associate; a confederate or partner in any scheme.How Pennsylvania's
air agrees with Quakers, And Carolina's withassociators. Dryden.
ASSOIL,To soil; to stain. [Obs. or Poet.] Beau. & Fl.Ne'er assoil my cobwebbed
shield. Wordsworth.
ASSOILMENT,Act of assoiling, or state of being assoiled; absolution;acquittal.
ASSONANCE,A peculiar species of rhyme, in which the last accented voweland those
which follow it in one word correspond in sound with thevowels of another word,
while the consonants of the two words areunlike in sound; as, calamo and platano,
baby and chary.The assonance is peculiar to the Spaniard. Hallam.
ASSONANT,Pertaining to the peculiar species of rhyme called assonance;not
consonant.
ASSONANTAL,Assonant.
ASSONATE,To correspond in sound.
ASSORT,To agree; to be in accordance; to be adapted; to suit; to fallinto a class
or place. Mitford.
ASSORTED,Selected; culled.
ASSOT,To besot; to befool; to beguile; to infatuate. [Obs.]Some ecstasy assotted
had his sense. Spenser.
ASSUAGE,To soften, in a figurative sense; to allay, mitigate, ease, orlessen, as
heat, pain, or grief; to appease or pacify, as passion ortumult; to satisfy, as
appetite or desire.Refreshing winds the summer's heat assuage. Addison.To assuage
the sorrows of a desolate old man Burke.The fount at which the panting mind
assuages Her thirst of knowledge.Byron.
ASSUAGEMENT,Mitigation; abatement.
ASSUAGER,One who, or that which, assuages.
ASSUASIVE,Mitigating; tranquilizing; soothing. [R.]Music her soft assuasive voice
applies. Pope.
ASSUBJUGATE,To bring into subjection. [Obs.] Shak.
ASSUEFACTION,The act of accustoming, or the state of being accustomed;habituation.
[Obs.]Custom and studies efform the soul like wax, and by assuefactionintroduce a
nature. Jer. Taylor.
ASSUETUDE,Accustomedness; habit; habitual use.Assuetude of things hurtful doth make
them lose their force to hurt.Bacon.
ASSUMABLE,That may be assumed.
ASSUMABLY,By way of assumption.
ASSUME,To undertake, as by a promise. Burrill.
ASSUMEDLY,By assumption.
ASSUMENT,A patch; an addition; a piece put on. [Obs.] John Lewis (1731).
ASSUMER,One who assumes, arrogates, pretends, or supposes. W. D.Whitney.
ASSUMING,Pretentious; taking much upon one's self; presumptuous. Burke.
ASSUMPT,To take up; to elevate; to assume. [Obs.] Sheldon.
ASSUMPTION,The minor or second proposition in a categorical syllogism.
ASSUMPTIVE,Assumed, or capable of being assumed; characterized byassumption; making
unwarranted claims.-- As*sump"tive*ly, adv. Assumptive arms (Her.), originally,
armswhich a person had a right to assume, in consequence of an exploit;now, those
assumed without sanction of the Heralds' College. PercySmith.
ASSURANCE,Any written or other legal evidence of the conveyance ofproperty; a
conveyance; a deed.
ASSURE,To insure; to covenant to indemnify for loss, or to pay aspecified sum at
death. See Insure.
ASSURED,Made sure; safe; insured; certain; indubitable; not doubting;bold to
excess.
ASSUREDLY,Certainly; indubitably. "The siege assuredly I'll raise." Shak.
ASSUREDNESS,The state of being assured; certainty; full confidence.
ASSURGENCY,Act of rising.The . . . assurgency of the spirit through the body.
Coleridge.
ASSURGENT,Ascending; (Bot.)
ASSURING,That assures; tending to assure; giving confidence.-- As*sur"ing*ly, adv.
ASSWAGE,See Assuage.
ASSYRIAN,Of or pertaining to Assyria, or to its inhabitants.-- n. A native or an
inhabitant of Assyria; the language of Assyria.
ASSYRIOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to Assyriology; as, Assyriological studies.
ASSYRIOLOGIST,One versed in Assyriology; a student of Assyrian archæology.
ASSYRIOLOGY,The science or study of the antiquities, language, etc., ofancient
Assyria.
ASSYTHMENT,Indemnification for injury; satisfaction. [Chiefly in Scotslaw]
ASTACUS,A genus of crustaceans, containing the crawfish of fresh-waterlobster of
Europe, and allied species of western North America. SeeCrawfish.
ASTARBOARD,Over to the starboard side; -- said of the tiller.
ASTART,Same as Astert. [Obs.]
ASTARTE,A genus of bivalve mollusks, common on the coasts of Americaand Europe.
ASTATE,Estate; state. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ASTATIC,Having little or no tendency to take a fixed or definiteposition or
direction: thus, a suspended magnetic needle, whenrendered astatic, loses its
polarity, or tendency to point in a givendirection. Astatic pair (Magnetism), a
pair of magnetic needles somounted as to be nearly or quite astatic, as in some
galvanometers.
ASTATICALLY,In an astatic manner.
ASTATICISM,The state of being astatic.
ASTATIZE,To render astatic.
ASTATKI,A thick liquid residuum obtained in the distillation of Russianpetroleum,
much used as fuel.
ASTAY,An anchor is said to be astay, in heaving it, an acute angle isformed between
the cable and the surface of the water.
ASTEISM,Genteel irony; a polite and ingenious manner of deridinganother.
ASTEL,An arch, or ceiling, of boards, placed over the men's heads ina mine.
ASTER,A genus of herbs with compound white or bluish flowers;starwort; Michaelmas
daisy.
ASTERIAS,A genus of echinoderms.
ASTERIATED,Radiated, with diverging rays; as, asteriated sapphire.
ASTERIDIAN,Of or pertaining to the Asterioidea.-- n.
ASTERION,The point on the side of the skull where the lambdoid, parieto-mastoid and
occipito-mastoid sutures.
ASTERISCUS,The smaller of the two otoliths found in the inner ear of manyfishes.
ASTERISK,The figure of a star, thus,
ASTERISM,An optical property of some crystals which exhibit a star-shaped by
reflected light, as star sapphire, or by transmitted light,as some mica.
ASTERNAL,Not sternal; -- said of ribs which do not join the sternum.
ASTEROID,A starlike body; esp. one of the numerous small planets whoseorbits lie
between those of Mars and Jupiter; -- called alsoplanetoids and minor planets.
ASTEROIDAL,Of or pertaining to an asteroid, or to the asteroids.
ASTEROLEPIS,A genus of fishes, some of which were eighteen or twenty feetlong,
found in a fossil state in the Old Red Sandstone. Hugh Miller.
ASTEROPE,One of the Pleiades; -- called also Sterope.
ASTEROPHYLLITE,A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America,now
regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites.
ASTERT,To start up; to befall; to escape; to shun. [Obs.] Spenser.
ASTHENIC,Characterized by, or pertaining to, debility; weak;debilitating.
ASTHENOPIA,Weakness of sight. Quain.-- As`the*nop"ic, a.
ASTHMA PAPER,Paper impregnated with saltpeter. The fumes from the burningpaper are
often inhaled as an alleviative by asthmatics.
ASTHMA,A disease, characterized by difficulty of breathing (due to aspasmodic
contraction of the bronchi), recurring at intervals,accompanied with a wheezing
sound, a sense of constriction in thechest, a cough, and expectoration.
ASTHMATIC,A person affected with asthma.
ASTIGMATIC,Affected with, or pertaining to, astigmatism; as, astigmaticeyes; also,
remedying astigmatism; as, astigmatic lenses.
ASTIGMATISM,A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which therays
derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point,thus causing
imperfect images or indistictness of vision.
ASTIPULATE,To assent. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ASTIPULATION,Stipulation; agreement. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ASTIR,Stirring; in a state of activity or motion; out of bed.
ASTONIED,Stunned; astonished. See Astony. [Archaic]And I astonied fell and could
not pray. Mrs. Browning.
ASTONISHEDLY,In an astonished manner. [R.] Bp. Hall.
ASTONISHING,Very wonderful; of a nature to excite astonishment; as, anastonishing
event.
ASTONY,To stun; to bewilder; to astonish; to dismay. [Archaic]The captain of the
Helots . . . strake Palladius upon the side of hishead, that he reeled astonied.
Sir P. Sidney.This sodeyn cas this man astonied so, That reed he wex, abayst, andal
quaking. Chaucer.
ASTOOP,In a stooping or inclined position. Gay.
ASTOUND,Stunned; astounded; astonished. [Archaic] Spenser.Thus Ellen, dizzy and
astound. As sudden ruin yawned around. Sir W.Scott.
ASTOUNDING,Of a nature to astound; astonishing; amazing; as, an astoundingforce,
statement, or fact.-- As*tound"ing*ly, adv.
ASTOUNDMENT,Amazement. Coleridge.
ASTRACHAN,See Astrakhan.
ASTRADDLE,In a straddling position; astride; bestriding; as, to sitastraddle a
horse.
ASTRAEAN,Pertaining to the genus Astræa or the family Astræidæ.-- n.
ASTRAGAL,A convex molding of rounded surface, generally from half tothree quarters
of a circle.
ASTRAGALAR,Of or pertaining to the astragalus.
ASTRAGALOID,Resembling the astragalus in form.
ASTRAGALOMANCY,Divination by means of small bones or dice.
ASTRAGALUS,The ankle bone, or hock bone; the bone of the tarsus whicharticulates
with the tibia at the ankle.
ASTRAKHAN,Of or pertaining to Astrakhan in Russia or its products; madeof an
Astrakhan skin.-- n.
ASTRAL,Pertaining to, coming from, or resembling, the stars; starry;starlike.Shines
only with an astral luster. I. Taylor.Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer.
Dryden.Astral lamp, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is castupon the
table by the flattened ring-shaped reservoir in which theoil is contained.-- Astral
spirits, spirits formerly supposed to live in the heavenlybodies or the aërial
regions, and represented in the Middle Ages asfallen angels, spirits of the dead,
or spirits originating in fire.
ASTRAND,Stranded. Sir W. Scott.
ASTRAY,Out of the right, either in a literal or in a figurative sense;wandering;
as, to lead one astray.Ye were as sheep going astray. 1 Pet. ii. 25.
ASTRICT,To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict lands. SeeAstriction, 4. Burrill.
ASTRICTION,An obligation to have the grain growing on certain lands groundat a
certain mill, the owner paying a toll. Bell.
ASTRICTIVE,Binding; astringent.-- n.
ASTRICTORY,Astrictive. [R.]
ASTRIDE,With one leg on each side, as a man when on horseback; with thelegs
stretched wide apart; astraddle.Placed astride upon the bars of the palisade. Sir
W. Scott.Glasses with horn bows sat astride on his nose. Longfellow.
ASTRIFEROUS,Bearing stars. [R.] Blount.
ASTRINGENCY,The quality of being astringent; the power of contracting theparts of
the body; that quality in medicines or other substanceswhich causes contraction of
the organic textures; as, the astringencyof tannin.
ASTRINGENT,A medicine or other substance that produces contraction in thesoft
organic textures, and checks discharges of blood, mucus, etc.External astringents
are called styptics. Dunglison.
ASTRINGENTLY,In an astringent manner.
ASTRINGER,A falconer who keeps a goschawk. [Obs.] Shak. Cowell. [Writtenalso
austringer.]
ASTRO-,The combining form of the Greek word 'a`stron, meaning star.
ASTROGENY,The creation or evolution of the stars or the heavens. H.Spencer.
ASTROGNOSY,The science or knowledge of the stars, esp. the fixed stars.Bouvier.
ASTROGONY,Same as Astrogeny.-- As`*tro*gon"ic, a.
ASTROGRAPHY,The art of describing or delineating the stars; a descriptionor mapping
of the heavens.
ASTROITE,A radiated stone or fossil; star-stone. [Obs.] [Written alsoastrite and
astrion.]
ASTROLABE,An instrument for observing or showing the positions of thestars. It is
now disused.
ASTROLATER,A worshiper of the stars. Morley.
ASTROLATRY,The worship of the stars.
ASTROLITHOLOGY,The science of aërolites.
ASTROLOGIAN,An astrologer. [Obs.]
ASTROLOGIZE,To apply astrology to; to study or practice astrology.
ASTROLOGY,In its etymological signification, the science of the stars;among the
ancients, synonymous with astronomy; subsequently, the artof judging of the
influences of the stars upon human affairs, and offoretelling events by their
position and aspects.
ASTROMANTIC,Of or pertaining to divination by means of the stars;astrologic. [R.]
Dr. H. More.
ASTROMETEOROLOGY,The investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, andstars,
and the weather.-- As`*tro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al, a.-- As`tro*me`te*or*ol"o*gist, n.
ASTROMETER,An instrument for comparing the relative amount of the light ofstars.
ASTROMETRY,The art of making measurements among the stars, or ofdetermining their
relative magnitudes.
ASTRONOMIAN,An astrologer. [Obs.]
ASTRONOMIC,Astronomical.
ASTRONOMICAL,Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance with the methodsor
principles of astronomy.-- As`tro*nom"ic*al*ly, adv. Astronomical clock. See under
Clock.-- Astronomical day. See under Day.-- Astronomical fractions, Astronomical
numbers. See underSexagesimal.
ASTRONOMIZE,To study or to talk astronomy. [R.]They astronomized in caves. Sir T.
Browne.
ASTROPHEL,See Astrofel. [Obs.]
ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY,The application of photography to the delineation of the sun,moon,
and stars.
ASTROPHOTOMETER,A photometer for measuring the brightness of stars.
ASTROPHOTOMETRY,The determination of the brightness of stars, and also of thesun,
moon, and planets. --As`tro*pho`to*met"ric*al (#), a.
ASTROPHYSICAL,Pertaining to the physics of astronomical science.
ASTROPHYSICS,The science treating of the physical characteristics of thestars and
other heavenly bodies, their chemical constitution, light,heat, atmospheres, etc.
ASTROPHYTON,A genus of ophiurans having the arms much branched.
ASTROSCOPE,An old astronomical instrument, formed of two cones, on whosesurface the
constellations were delineated.
ASTROSCOPY,Observation of the stars. [Obs.]
ASTROTHEOLOGY,Theology founded on observation or knowledge of the celestialbodies.
Derham.
ASTRUCTIVE,Building up; constructive; -- opposed to destructive. [Obs.]
ASTUCIOUS,Subtle; cunning; astute. [R.] Sir W. Scott.-- As*tu"cious*ly, adv. [R.]
ASTUCITY,Craftiness; astuteness. [R.] Carlyle.
ASTUN,To stun. [Obs.] "Breathless and astunned." Somerville.
ASTURIAN,Of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain.-- n.
ASTUTE,Critically discerning; sagacious; shrewd; subtle; crafty.
ASTYLAR,Without columns or pilasters. Weale.
ASTYLLEN,A small dam to prevent free passage of water in an adit orlevel.
ASUNDER,Apart; separate from each other; into parts; in two;separately; into or in
different pieces or places.I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder. Zech.
xi. 10.As wide asunder as pole and pole. Froude.
ASURA,An enemy of the gods, esp. one of a race of demons and giants.
ASWAIL,The sloth bear (Melursus labiatus) of India.
ASWEVE,To stupefy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ASWING,In a state of swinging.
ASWOON,In a swoon. Chaucer.
ASWOONED,In a swoon.
ASYMMETRAL,Incommensurable; also, unsymmetrical. [Obs.] D. H. More.
ASYMMETROUS,Asymmetrical. [Obs.] Barrow.
ASYMMETRY,Incommensurability. [Obs.] Barrow.
ASYMPTOTE,A line which approaches nearer to some curve than assignabledistance,
but, though infinitely extended, would never meet it.Asymptotes may be straight
lines or curves. A rectilinear asymptotemay be conceived as a tangent to the curve
at an infinite distance.
ASYNARTETE,Disconnected; not fitted or adjusted.-- A*syn"ar*tet"ic, a. Asynartete
verse (Pros.), a verse of twomembers, having different rhythms; as when the first
consists ofiambuses and the second of trochees.
ASYNCHRONOUS,Not simultaneous; not concurrent in time; --opposed tosynchronous.
ASYNDETIC,Characterized by the use of asyndeton; not connected byconjunctions.--
As`yn*det"ic*al*ly, adv.
ASYNDETON,A figure which omits the connective; as, I came, I saw, Iconquered. It
stands opposed to polysyndeton.
ASYSTOLE,A weakening or cessation of the contractile power of the heart.
ASYSTOLISM,The state or symptoms characteristic of asystole.
AT,Primarily, this word expresses the relations of presence,nearness in place or
time, or direction toward; as, at the ninthhour; at the house; to aim at a mark. It
is less definite than in oron; at the house may be in or near the house. From this
originalimport are derived all the various uses of at. It expresses: -
ATABAL,A kettledrum; a kind of tabor, used by the Moors. Croly.
ATACAMITE,An oxychloride of copper, usually in emerald-green prismaticcrystals.
ATAFTER,After. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATAGHAN,See Yataghan.
ATAKE,To overtake. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATAMAN,A hetman, or chief of the Cossacks.
ATAMASCO LILY,See under Lily.
ATAVIC,Pertaining to a remote ancestor, or to atavism.
ATAXIC,Characterized by ataxy, that is, (a) by great irregularity offunctions or
symptoms, or (b) by a want of coordinating power inmovements. Ataxic fever,
malignant typhus fever. Pinel.
ATAZIR,The influence of a star upon other stars or upon men. [Obs.]Chaucer.
ATE,the preterit of Eat.
ATECHNIC,Without technical or artistic knowledge.Difficult to convey to the
atechnic reader. Etching & Engr.
ATELES,A genus of American monkeys with prehensile tails, and havingthe thumb
wanting or rudimentary. See Spider monkey, and Coaita.
ATELIER,A workshop; a studio.
ATELLAN,Of or pertaining to Atella, in ancient Italy; as, Atellanplays; farcical;
ribald.-- n.
ATHALAMOUS,Not furnished with shields or beds for the spores, as thethallus of
certain lichens.
ATHAMAUNT,Adamant. [Obs.]Written in the table of athamaunt. Chaucer.
ATHANASIAN,Of or pertaining to Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria in the 4thcentury.
Athanasian creed, a formulary, confession, or exposition offaith, formerly supposed
to have been drawn up by Athanasius; butthis opinion is now rejected, and the
composition is ascribed by someto Hilary, bishop of Arles (5th century). It is a
summary of what wascalled the orthodox faith.
ATHANOR,A digesting furnace, formerly used by alchemists. It was soconstructed as
to maintain uniform and durable heat. Chambers.
ATHECATA,A division of Hydroidea in which the zooids are naked, or notinclosed in a
capsule. See Tubularian.
ATHEIZE,To render atheistic or godless. [R.]They endeavored to atheize one another.
Berkeley.
ATHELING,An Anglo-Saxon prince or nobleman; esp., the heir apparent or aprince of
the royal family. [Written also Adeling and Ætheling.]
ATHENIAN,Of or pertaining to Athens, the metropolis of Greece.-- n. A native or
citizen of Athens.
ATHEOLOGICAL,Opposed to theology; atheistic. Bp. Montagu.
ATHEOLOGY,Antagonism to theology. Swift.
ATHERINE,A small marine fish of the family Atherinidæ, having a silverystripe along
the sides. The European species (Atherina presbyter) isused as food. The American
species (Menidia notata) is calledsilversides and sand smelt. See Silversides.
ATHERMANCY,Inability to transmit radiant; impermeability to heat. Tyndall.
ATHERMANOUS,Not transmitting heat; -- opposed to diathermanous.
ATHERMOUS,Athermanous.
ATHEROID,Shaped like an ear of grain.
ATHEROMATOUS,Of, pertaining to, or having the nature of, atheroma. Wiseman.
ATHETIZE,To set aside or reject as spurious, as by marking with anobelus.
ATHETOSIS,A variety of chorea, marked by peculiar tremors of the fingersand toes.
ATHINK,To repent; to displease; to disgust. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATHLETE,One who contended for a prize in the public games of ancientGreece or Rome.
ATHLETICISM,The practice of engaging in athletic games; athletism.
ATHLETICS,The art of training by athletic exercises; the games and sportsof
athletes.
ATHLETISM,The state or practice of an athlete; the characteristics of anathlete.
ATHREPSIA,Profound debility of children due to lack of food and tounhygienic
surroundings. --A*threp"tic (#), a.
ATHWART,Across the direction or course of; as, a fleet standing athwartour course.
Athwart hawse, across the stem of another vessel, whetherin contact or at a small
distance.-- Athwart ships, across the ship from side to side, or in thatdirection;
-- opposed to fore and aft.
ATIMY,Public disgrace or stigma; infamy; loss of civil rights.Mitford.
ATLANTA,A genus of small glassy heteropod mollusks found swimming atthe surface in
mid ocean. See Heteropod.
ATLANTES,Figures or half figures of men, used as columns to support anentablature;
-- called also telamones. See Caryatides. Oxf. Gloss.
ATLANTIDES,The Pleiades or seven stars, fabled to have been the daughtersof Atlas.
ATLAS POWDER,A blasting powder or dynamite composed of nitroglycerin, woodfiber,
sodium nitrate, and magnesium carbonate.
ATLAS,The first vertebra of the neck, articulating immediately withthe skull, thus
sustaining the globe of the head, whence the name.
ATMIATRY,Treatment of disease by vapors or gases, as by inhalation.
ATMIDOMETER,An instrument for measuring the evaporation from water, ice, orsnow.
Brande & C.
ATMO,The standard atmospheric pressure used in certain physicalmeasurements
calculations; conventionally, that pressure under whichthe barometer stands at 760
millimeters, at a temperature of 0ºCentigrade, at the level of the sea, and in the
latitude of Paris.Sir W. Thomson.
ATMOLOGIST,One who is versed in atmology.
ATMOLOGY,That branch of science which treats of the laws and phenomenaof aqueous
vapor. Whewell.
ATMOLYSIS,The act or process of separating mingled gases of unequaldiffusibility by
transmission through porous substances.
ATMOLYZATION,Separation by atmolysis.
ATMOLYZE,To subject to atmolysis; to separate by atmolysis.
ATMOLYZER,An apparatus for effecting atmolysis.
ATMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the rate of evaporation from amoist surface;
an evaporometer. Huxley.
ATMOSPHERICALLY,In relation to the atmosphere.
ATMOSPHEROLOGY,The science or a treatise on the atmosphere.
ATOKOUS,Producing only asexual individuals, as the eggs of certainannelids.
ATOLE,A porridge or gruel of maize meal and water, milk, or the like.[Sp. Amer.]
ATOLL,A coral island or islands, consisting of a belt of coral reef,partly
submerged, surrounding a central lagoon or depression; alagoon island.
ATOM,The smallest particle of matter that can enter intocombination; one of the
elementary constituents of a molecule.
ATOMICALLY,In an atomic manner; in accordance with the atomic philosophy.
ATOMICIAN,An atomist. [R.]
ATOMICISM,Atomism. [Obs.]
ATOMICITY,Degree of atomic attraction; equivalence; valence; also (alater use) the
number of atoms in an elementary molecule. SeeValence.
ATOMISM,The doctrine of atoms. See Atomic philosophy, under Atomic.
ATOMIST,One who holds to the atomic philosophy or theory. Locke.
ATOMISTIC,Of or pertaining to atoms; relating to atomism. [R.]It is the object of
the mechanical atomistic philosophy to confoundsynthesis with synartesis.
Coleridge.
ATOMIZATION,The reduction of fluids into fine spray.
ATOMIZE,To reduce to atoms, or to fine spray.The liquids in the form of spray are
said to be pulverized,nebulized, or atomized. Dunglison.
ATOMIZER,One who, or that which, atomizes; esp., an instrument forreducing a liquid
to spray for disinfecting, cooling, or perfuming.
ATOMOLOGY,The doctrine of atoms. Cudworth.
ATOMY,An atom; a mite; a pigmy.
ATONABLE,Admitting an atonement; capable of being atoned for; expiable.
ATONER,One who makes atonement.
ATONES,Etym: [See At one.] [Obs.]Down he fell atones as a stone. Chaucer.
ATONIC,Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy; as, an atonicdisease.
ATONY,Want of tone; weakness of the system, or of any organ,especially of such as
are contractile.
ATOP,On or at the top. Milton.
ATRABILARIAN,A person much given to melancholy; a hypochondriac. I.Disraeli.
ATRABILIAR,Melancholy; atrabilious.
ATRABILIOUS,Melancholic or hypochondriac; atrabiliary. Dunglision.A hard-faced,
atrabilious, earnest-eyed race. Lowell.He was constitutionally atrabilious and
scornful. Froude.
ATRAMENTACEOUS,Black, like ink; inky; atramental. [Obs.] Derham.
ATRAMENTARIOUS,Like ink; suitable for making ink. Sulphate of iron (copperas,green
vitriol) is called atramentarious, as being used in making ink.
ATREDE,To surpass in council. [Obs.]Men may the olde atrenne, but hat atrede.
Chaucer.
ATRENNE,To outrun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATRESIA,Absence or closure of a natural passage or channel of the
body;imperforation.
ATRIAL,Of or pertaining to an atrium.
ATRIUM,The main part of either auricle of the heart as distinct fromthe auricular
appendix. Also, the whole articular portion of theheart.
ATROCHA,A kind of chætopod larva in which no circles of cilia aredeveloped.
ATROPHIC,Relating to atrophy.
ATROPHIED,Affected with atrophy, as a tissue or organ; arrested indevelopment at a
very early stage; rudimentary.
ATROPHY,A wasting away from want of nourishment; diminution in bulk orslow
emaciation of the body or of any part. Milton.
ATROPIA,Same as Atropine.
ATROPINE,A poisonous, white, crystallizable alkaloid, extracted from theAtropa
belladonna, or deadly nightshade, and the Datura Stramonium,or thorn apple. It is
remarkable for its power in dilating the pupilof the eye. Called also daturine.
ATROPISM,A condition of the system produced by long use of belladonna.
ATROPOUS,Not inverted; orthotropous.
ATROUS,Coal-black; very black.
ATRYPA,A extinct genus of Branchiopoda, very common in Silurianlimestones.
ATTABAL,See Atabal.
ATTACCA,Attack at once; -- a direction at the end of a movement to showthat the
next is to follow immediately, without any pause.
ATTACH,An attachment. [Obs.] Pope.
ATTACHABLE,Capable of being attached; esp., liable to be taken by writ orprecept.
ATTACHE,One attached to another person or thing, as a part of a suiteor staff.
Specifically: One attached to an embassy.
ATTACK,To make an onset or attack.
ATTACKABLE,Capable of being attacked.
ATTACKER,One who attacks.
ATTAGHAN,See Yataghan.
ATTAIN,Attainment. [Obs.]
ATTAINABILITY,The quality of being attainable; attainbleness.
ATTAINABLENESS,The quality of being attainable; attainability.
ATTAINT,To find guilty; to convict; -- said esp. of a jury on trial forgiving a
false verdict. [Obs.]Upon sufficient proof attainted of some open act by men of his
owncondition. Blackstone.
ATTAINTMENT,Attainder; attainture; conviction.
ATTAINTURE,Attainder; disgrace.
ATTAL,Same as Attle.
ATTAMINATE,To corrupt; to defile; to contaminate. [Obs.] Blount.
ATTAR,A fragrant essential oil; esp., a volatile and highly fragrantessential oil
obtained from the petals of roses. [Also written ottoand ottar.]
ATTASK,To take to task; to blame. Shak.
ATTASTE,To taste or cause to taste. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATTE,At the. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATTEMPERAMENT,A tempering, or mixing in due proportion.
ATTEMPERANCE,Temperance; attemperament. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATTEMPERATE,Tempered; proportioned; properly adapted.Hope must be . . . attemperate
to the promise. Hammond.
ATTEMPERATION,The act of attempering or regulating. [Archaic] Bacon.
ATTEMPERLY,Temperately. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATTEMPERMENT,Attemperament.
ATTEMPT,To make an attempt; -- with upon. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ATTEMPTABLE,Capable of being attempted, tried, or attacked. Shak.
ATTEMPTIVE,Disposed to attempt; adventurous. [Obs.] Daniel.
ATTENDANCY,The quality of attending or accompanying; attendance; anattendant.
[Obs.]
ATTENDANT,Depending on, or owing duty or service to; as, the widowattendant to the
heir. Cowell. Attendant keys (Mus.), the keys orscales most nearly related to, or
having most in common with, theprincipal key; those, namely, of its fifth above, or
dominant, itsfifth below (fourth above), or subdominant, and its relative minor
ormajor.
ATTENDEMENT,Intent. [Obs.] Spenser.
ATTENDER,One who, or that which, attends.
ATTENDMENT,An attendant circumstance. [Obs.]The uncomfortable attendments of hell.
Sir T. Browne.
ATTENT,Attentive; heedful. [Archaic]Let thine ears be attent unto the prayer. 2
Chron. vi. 40.
ATTENTLY,Attentively. [Obs.] Barrow.
ATTENUANT,Making thin, as fluids; diluting; rendering less dense andviscid;
diluent.-- n. (Med.)
ATTENUATE,To become thin, slender, or fine; to grow less; to lessen.The attention
attenuates as its sphere contracts. Coleridge.
ATTER,Poison; venom; corrupt matter from a sore. [Obs.] Holland.
ATTERRATE,To fill up with alluvial earth. [Obs.] Ray.
ATTERRATION,The act of filling up with earth, or of forming land withalluvial
earth. [Obs.]
ATTEST,Witness; testimony; attestation. [R.]The attest of eyes and ears. Shak.
ATTESTATION,The act of attesting; testimony; witness; a solemn or
officialdeclaration, verbal or written, in support of a fact; evidence. Thetruth
appears from the attestation of witnesses, or of the properofficer. The
subscription of a name to a writing as a witness, is anattestation.
ATTESTATIVE,Of the nature of attestation.
ATTESTIVE,Attesting; furnishing evidence.
ATTIC,Of or pertaining to Attica, in Greece, or to Athens, itsprincipal city;
marked by such qualities as were characteristic ofthe Athenians; classical;
refined. Attic base (Arch.), a peculiarform of molded base for a column or
pilaster, described by Vitruvius,applied under the Roman Empire to the Ionic and
Corinthian and "RomanDoric" orders, and imitated by the architects of the
Renaissance.-- Attic faith, inviolable faith.-- Attic purity, special purity of
language.-- Attic salt, Attic wit, a poignant, delicate wit, peculiar to
theAthenians.-- Attic story. See Attic, n.-- Attic style, a style pure and elegant.
ATTICAL,Attic. [Obs.] Hammond.
ATTICIZE,To conform or make conformable to the language, customs, etc.,of Attica.
ATTIGUOUS,Touching; bordering; contiguous. [Obs.] -- At*tig"u*ous*ness,n. [Obs.]
ATTINGE,To touch lightly. [Obs.] Coles.
ATTIRE,To dress; to array; to adorn; esp., to clothe with elegant orsplendid
garments.Finely attired in a robe of white. Shak.With the linen miter shall he be
attired. Lev. xvi. 4.
ATTIRED,Provided with antlers, as a stag.
ATTIREMENT,Attire; adornment.
ATTIRER,One who attires.
ATTITUDE,The posture, action, or disposition of a figure or a statue.
ATTITUDINAL,Relating to attitude.
ATTITUDINARIAN,One who attitudinizes; a posture maker.
ATTITUDINARIANISM,A practicing of attitudes; posture making.
ATTITUDINIZE,To assume affected attitudes; to strike an attitude; to pose.Maria,
who is the most picturesque figure, was put to attitudinize atthe harp. Hannah
More.
ATTITUDINIZER,One who practices attitudes.
ATTLE,Rubbish or refuse consisting of broken rock containing littleor no ore.
Weale.
ATTOLLENT,Lifting up; raising; as, an attollent muscle. Derham.
ATTONCE,At once; together. [Obs.] Spenser.
ATTONE,See At one. [Obs.]
ATTORN,To turn, or transfer homage and service, from one lord toanother. This is
the act of feudatories, vassals, or tenants, uponthe alienation of the estate.
Blackstone.
ATTORNEY,To perform by proxy; to employ as a proxy. [Obs.] Shak.
ATTORNEY-GENERAL,The chief law officer of the state, empowered to act in
alllitigation in which the law-executing power is a party, and to advisethis
supreme executive whenever required. Wharton.
ATTORNEYISM,The practice or peculiar cleverness of attorneys.
ATTORNEYSHIP,The office or profession of an attorney; agency for another.Shak.
ATTORNMENT,The act of a feudatory, vassal, or tenant, by which heconsents, upon the
alienation of an estate, to receive a new lord orsuperior, and transfers to him his
homage and service; the agreementof a tenant to acknowledge the purchaser of the
estate as hislandlord. Burrill. Blackstone.
ATTRACT,Attraction. [Obs.] Hudibras.
ATTRACTABILITY,The quality or fact of being attractable. Sir W. Jones.
ATTRACTABLE,Capable of being attracted; subject to attraction.--
At*tract"a*ble*ness, n.
ATTRACTER,One who, or that which, attracts.
ATTRACTILE,Having power to attract.
ATTRACTING,That attracts.-- At*tract"ing*ly, adv.
ATTRACTION,An invisible power in a body by which it draws anything toitself; the
power in nature acting mutually between bodies orultimate particles, tending to
draw them together, or to producetheir cohesion or combination, and conversely
resisting separation.
ATTRACTIVE,That which attracts or draws; an attraction; an allurement.Speaks
nothing but attractives and invitation. South.
ATTRACTIVITY,The quality or degree of attractive power.
ATTRACTOR,One who, or that which, attracts. Sir T. Browne
ATTRAHENT,Attracting; drawing; attractive.
ATTRAP,To entrap; to insnare. [Obs.] Grafton.
ATTRECTATION,Frequent handling or touching. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
ATTRIBUTABLE,Capable of being attributed; ascribable; imputable.Errors . . .
attributable to carelessness. J. D. Hooker.
ATTRIBUTE,To ascribe; to consider (something) as due or appropriate (to);to refer,
as an effect to a cause; to impute; to assign; to consideras belonging (to).We
attribute nothing to God that hath any repugnancy or contradictionin it. Abp.
Tillotson.The merit of service is seldom attributed to the true and exactperformer.
Shak.
ATTRIBUTIVE,Attributing; pertaining to, expressing, or assigning anattribute; of
the nature of an attribute.
ATTRIBUTIVELY,In an attributive manner.
ATTRITE,Repentant from fear of punishment; having attrition of grieffor sin; --
opposed to contrite.
ATTRITION,Grief for sin arising only from fear of punishment or feelingsof shame.
See Contrition. Wallis.
ATTRITUS,Matter pulverized by attrition.
ATTRY,Poisonous; malignant; malicious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ATWAIN,In twain; asunder. [Obs. or Poetic] "Cuts atwain the knots."Tennyson.
ATWEEN,Between. [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.
ATWIRL,Twisted; distorted; awry. [R.] Halliwell.
ATWITE,To speak reproachfully of; to twit; to upbraid. [Obs.]
ATWIXT,Betwixt. [Obs.] Spenser.
ATWO,In two; in twain; asunder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AU FAIT,Expert; skillful; well instructed.
AU FOND,At bottom; fundamentally; essentially.
AU GRATIN,With a crust made by browning in the oven; as, spaghetti may beserved au
gratin.
AU REVOIR,Good-by until we meet again.
AUBADE,An open air concert in the morning, as distinguished from anevening
serenade; also, a pianoforte composition suggestive ofmorning. Grove.The crowing
cock . . . Sang his aubade with lusty voice and clear.Longfellow.
AUBAINE,Succession to the goods of a stranger not naturalized. Littré.Droit
d'aubaine (, the right, formerly possessed by the king ofFrance, to all the
personal property of which an alien diedpossessed. It was abolished in 1819.
Bouvier.
AUBE,An alb. [Obs.] Fuller.
AUBERGE,An inn. Beau. & Fl.
AUBIN,A broken gait of a horse, between an amble and a gallop; --commonly called a
Canterbury gallop.
AUCHENIUM,The part of the neck nearest the back.
AUCTARY,That which is superadded; augmentation. [Obs.] Baxter.
AUCTION BRIDGE,A variety of the game of bridge in which the players, beginningwith
the dealer, bid for the privilege of naming the trump andplaying with the dummy for
that deal, there being heavy penalties fora player's failure to make good his bid.
The score value of eachtrick more than six taken by the successful bidder is as
follows:when the trump is spades, 2; clubs, 6; diamonds, 7; hearts, 8; royalspades
(lilies), 9; and when the deal is played with no trump, 10.
AUCTION PITCH,A game of cards in which the players bid for the privilege
ofdetermining or "pitching" the trump suit. R. F. Foster.
AUCTION,To sell by auction.
AUCTIONARY,Of or pertaining to an auction or an auctioneer. [R.]With auctionary
hammer in thy hand. Dryden.
AUCTIONEER,A person who sells by auction; a person whose business it is todispose
of goods or lands by public sale to the highest or bestbidder.
AUCUPATION,Birdcatching; fowling. [Obs.] Blount.
AUDACIOUSLY,In an audacious manner; with excess of boldness; impudently.
AUDACIOUSNESS,The quality of being audacious; impudence; audacity.
AUDIBILITY,The quality of being audible; power of being heard; audiblecapacity.
AUDIBLE,Capable of being heard; loud enough to be heard; actuallyheard; as, an
audible voice or whisper.
AUDIBLENESS,The quality of being audible.
AUDIBLY,So as to be heard.
AUDIENT,Listening; paying attention; as, audient souls. Mrs. Browning.
AUDILE,One whose thoughts take the form of mental sounds or ofinternal discourse
rather than of visual or motor images.
AUDIOMETER,An instrument by which the power of hearing can be gauged andrecorded on
a scale.
AUDIPHONE,An instrument which, placed against the teeth, conveys sound tothe
auditory nerve and enables the deaf to hear more or lessdistinctly; a dentiphone.
AUDIT,To examine and adjust, as an account or accounts; as, to auditthe accounts of
a treasure, or of parties who have a suit dependingin court.
AUDITA QUERELA,A writ which lies for a party against whom judgment isrecovered, but
to whom good matter of discharge has subsequentlyaccrued which could not have been
availed of to prevent suchjudgment. Wharton.
AUDITION,The act of hearing or listening; hearing.Audition may be active or
passive; hence the difference betweenlistening and simple hearing. Dunglison.
AUDITIVE,Of or pertaining to hearing; auditory. [R.] Cotgrave.
AUDITORIAL,Auditory. [R.]
AUDITORIUM,The part of a church, theater, or other public building,assigned to the
audience.
AUDITORSHIP,The office or function of auditor.
AUDITORY,Of or pertaining to hearing, or to the sense or organs ofhearing; as, the
auditory nerve. See Ear. Auditory canal (Anat.), thetube from the auditory meatus
or opening of the ear to the tympanicmembrane.
AUDITRESS,A female hearer. Milton.
AUDITUAL,Auditory. [R.] Coleridge.
AUF,A changeling or elf child, -- that is, one left by fairies; adeformed or
foolish child; a simpleton; an oaf. [Obs.] Drayton.
AUFKLARUNG,A philosophic movement of the 18th century characterized by alively
questioning of authority, keen interest in matters of politicsand general culture,
and an emphasis on empirical method in science.It received its impetus from the
unsystematic but vigorous skepticismof Pierre Bayle, the physical doctrines of
Newton, and theepistemological theories of Locke, in the preceding century.
Itschief center was in France, where it gave rise to the skepticism ofVoltaire ,
the naturalism of Rousseau, the sensationalism ofCondillac, and the publication of
the "Encyclopedia" by D'Alembertand Diderot. In Germany, Lessing, Mendelssohn, and
Herder wererepresentative thinkers, while the political doctrines of the leadersof
the American Revolution and the speculations of Benjamin Franklinand Thomas Paine
represented the movement in America.
AUGEAN,Of or pertaining to Augeus, king of Elis, whose stablecontained 3000 oxen,
and had not been cleaned for 30 years. Herculescleansed it in a single day.
AUGET,A priming tube connecting the charge chamber with the gallery,or place where
the slow match is applied. Knight.
AUGHT,Anything; any part. [Also written ought.]There failed not aught of any good
thing which the Lord has spoken.Josh. xxi. 45But go, my son, and see if aught be
wanting. Addison.
AUGITE,A variety of pyroxene, usually of a black or dark green color,occurring in
igneous rocks, such as basalt; -- also used instead ofthe general term pyroxene.
AUGITIC,Pertaining to, or like, augite; containing augite as aprincipal
constituent; as, augitic rocks.
AUGMENT,To add an augment to.
AUGMENTABLE,Capable of augmentation. Walsh.
AUGMENTATION,A additional charge to a coat of arms, given as a mark ofhonor.
Cussans.
AUGMENTATIVE,Having the quality or power of augmenting; expressingaugmentation.--
Aug*ment"a*tive*ly, adv.
AUGMENTER,One who, or that which, augments or increases anything.
AUGRIM,See Algorism. [Obs.] Chaucer. Augrim stones, pebbles formerlyused in
numeration.-- Noumbres of Augrim, Arabic numerals. Chaucer.
AUGUR,An official diviner who foretold events by the singing,chattering, flight,
and feeding of birds, or by signs or omensderived from celestial phenomena, certain
appearances of quadrupeds,or unusual occurrences.
AUGURAL,Of or pertaining to augurs or to augury; betokening; ominous;significant;
as, an augural staff; augural books. "Portents augural."Cowper.
AUGURATE,To make or take auguries; to augur; to predict. [Obs.] C.Middleton.
AUGURATION,The practice of augury.
AUGURER,An augur. [Obs.] Shak.
AUGURIAL,Relating to augurs or to augury. Sir T. Browne.
AUGURIST,An augur. [R.]
AUGURIZE,To augur. [Obs.] Blount.
AUGUROUS,Full of augury; foreboding. [Obs.] "Augurous hearts." Chapman.
AUGURSHIP,The office, or period of office, of an augur. Bacon.
AUGUST,Of a quality inspiring mingled admiration and reverence; havingan aspect of
solemn dignity or grandeur; sublime; majestic; havingexalted birth, character,
state, or authority. "Forms august." Pope."August in visage." Dryden. "To shed that
august blood." Macaulay.So beautiful and so august a spectacle. Burke.To mingle
with a body so august. Byron.
AUGUSTAN,A member of one of the religious orders called after St.Augustine; an
Austin friar.
AUGUSTINIAN,Of or pertaining to St. Augustine, bishop of Hippo in NorthernAfrica
(b. 354 -- d. 430), or to his doctrines. Augustinian canons,an order of monks once
popular in England and Ireland; -- called alsoregular canons of St. Austin, and
black canons.-- Augustinian hermits or Austin friars, an order of friarsestablished
in 1265 by Pope Alexander IV. It was introduced into theUnited States from Ireland
in 1790.-- Augustinian nuns, an order of nuns following the rule of St.Augustine.--
Augustinian rule, a rule for religious communities based upon the109th letter of
St. Augustine, and adopted by the Augustinian orders.
AUGUSTLY,In an august manner.
AUGUSTNESS,The quality of being august; dignity of mien; grandeur;magnificence.
AUK,A name given to various species of arctic sea birds of thefamily Alcidæ. The
great auk, now extinct, is Alca (or Plautus)impennis. The razor-billed auk is A.
torda. See Puffin, Guillemot,and Murre.
AUKWARD,See Awkward. [Obs.]
AULARIAN,Relating to a hall.
AULD LANG SYNE,A Scottish phrase used in recalling recollections of times longsince
past. "The days of auld lang syne."
AULD,Old; as, Auld Reekie (old smoky), i. e., Edinburgh. [Scot. &Prov. Eng.]
AULETIC,Of or pertaining to a pipe (flute) or piper. [R.] Ash.
AULIC,Pertaining to a royal court.Ecclesiastical wealth and aulic dignities.
Landor.Aulic council (Hist.), a supreme court of the old German empire;properly the
supreme court of the emperor. It ceased at the death ofeach emperor, and was
renewed by his successor. It became extinctwhen the German empire was dissolved, in
1806. The term is nowapplied to a council of the war department of the Austrian
empire,and the members of different provincial chanceries of that empire arecalled
aulic councilors. P. Cyc.
AULN,An ell. [Obs.] See Aune.
AUM,Same as Aam.
AUMAIL,To figure or variegate. [Obs.] Spenser.
AUMBRY,Same as Ambry.
AUMERY,A form of Ambry, a closet; but confused with Almonry, as if aplace for alms.
AUNCEL,A rude balance for weighing, and a kind of weight, formerlyused in England.
Halliwell.
AUNCETRY,Ancestry. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AUNE,A French cloth measure, of different parts of the country (atParis, 0.95 of an
English ell); -- now superseded by the meter.
AUNTER,Adventure; hap. [Obs.] In aunters, perchance.
AUNTROUS,Adventurous. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AURA,The peculiar sensation, as of a light vapor, or cold air,rising from the trunk
or limbs towards the head, a premonitorysymptom of epilepsy or hysterics. Electric
~, a supposed electricfluid, emanating from an electrified body, and forming a
masssurrounding it, called the electric atmosphere. See Atmosphere, 2.
AURAL,Of or pertaining to the air, or to an aura.
AURANTIACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, the Aurantiaceæ, an order ofplants
(formerly considered natural), of which the orange is thetype.
AURATE,A combination of auric acid with a base; as, aurate orpotassium.
AURATED,Combined with auric acid.
AUREATE,Golden; gilded. Skelton.
AURELIAN,Of or pertaining to the aurelia.
AURIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, gold; -- said of thosecompounds of gold in
which this element has its higher valence; as,auric oxide; auric chloride.
AURICHALCEOUS,Brass-colored.
AURICHALCITE,A hydrous carbonate of copper and zinc, found in pale green orblue
crystalline aggregations. It yields a kind of brass onreduction.
AURICLE,An angular or ear-shaped lobe.
AURICLED,Having ear-shaped appendages or lobes; auriculate; as, auricledleaves.
AURICULAR,Pertaining to the auricles of the heart. Auricular finger, thelittle
finger; so called because it can be readily introduced intothe ear passage.
AURICULARIA,A kind of holothurian larva, with soft, blunt appendages.
SeeIllustration in Appendix.
AURICULARLY,In an auricular manner.
AURICULARS,A circle of feathers surrounding the opening of the ear ofbirds.
AURIFEROUS,Gold-bearing; containing or producing gold.Whence many a bursting stream
auriferous plays. Thomson.~= pyrites, iron pyrites (iron disulphide), containing
some golddisseminated through it.
AURIFLAMME,See Oriflamme.
AURIFORM,Having the form of the human ear; ear-shaped.
AURIGA,The Charioteer, or Wagoner, a constellation in the northernhemisphere,
situated between Perseus and Gemini. It contains thebright star Capella.
AURIGAL,Of or pertaining to a chariot. [R.]
AURIGATION,The act of driving a chariot or a carriage. [R.] De Quincey.
AURIGRAPHY,The art of writing with or in gold.
AURILAVE,An instrument for cleansing the ear, consisting of a smallpiece of sponge
on an ivory or bone handle.
AURIN,A red coloring matter derived from phenol; -- called also, incommerce, yellow
coralin.
AURIPHRYGIATE,Embroidered or decorated with gold. [R.] Southey.
AURIPIGMENT,See Orpiment. [Obs.]
AURISCALP,An earpick.
AURISCOPE,An instrument for examining the condition of the ear.
AURISCOPY,Examination of the ear by the aid of the auriscope.
AURIST,One skilled in treating and curing disorders of the ear.
AURITED,Having lobes like the ear; auriculate.
AURIVOROUS,Gold-devouring. [R.] H. Walpole.
AUROCEPHALOUS,Having a gold-colored head.
AUROCHLORIDE,The trichloride of gold combination with the chloride ofanother metal,
forming a double chloride; -- called also chloraurate.
AUROCHS,The European bison (Bison bonasus, or Europæus), once widelydistributed,
but now nearly extinct, except where protected in theLithuanian forests, and
perhaps in the Caucasus. It is distinct fromthe Urus of Cæsar, with which it has
often been confused.
AUROCYANIDE,A double cyanide of gold and some other metal or radical; --called also
cyanaurate.
AURORA,The Roman personification of the dawn of day; the goddess ofthe morning. The
poets represented her a rising out of the ocean, ina chariot, with rosy fingers
dropping gentle dew.
AURORAL,Belonging to, or resembling, the aurora (the dawn or thenorthern lights);
rosy.Her cheeks suffused with an auroral blush. Longfellow.
AUROUS,Pertaining to, or derived from, gold; -- said of thosecompounds of gold in
which this element has its lower valence; as,aurous oxide.
AURUM,Gold. Aurum fulminans (See Fulminate.-- Aurum mosaicum (See Mosaic.
AUSCULT,To auscultate.
AUSCULTATE,To practice auscultation; to examine by auscultation.
AUSCULTATION,An examination by listening either directly with the ear(immediate
auscultation) applied to parts of the body, as theabdomen; or with the stethoscope
(mediate ~), in order to distinguishsounds recognized as a sign of health or of
disease.
AUSCULTATOR,One who practices auscultation.
AUSCULTATORY,Of or pertaining to auscultation. Dunglison.
AUSONIAN,Italian. Milton.
AUSPICATE,Auspicious. [Obs.] Holland.
AUSPICIAL,Of or pertaining to auspices; auspicious. [R.]
AUSTER,The south wind. Pope.
AUSTERELY,Severely; rigidly; sternly.A doctrine austerely logical. Macaulay.
AUSTIN,Augustinian; as, Austin friars.
AUSTRAL,Southern; lying or being in the south; as, austral land;austral ocean.
Austral signs (Astron.), the last six signs of thezodiac, or those south of the
equator.
AUSTRALASIAN,Of or pertaining to Australasia; as, Australasian regions.-- n.
AUSTRALIAN BALLOT,A system of balloting or voting in public elections,
originallyused in South Australia, in which there is such an arrangement forpolling
votes that secrecy is compulsorily maintained, and the ballotused is an official
ballot printed and distributed by the government.
AUSTRALIAN,Of or pertaining to Australia.-- n.
AUSTRALIZE,To tend toward the south pole, as a magnet. [Obs.]They [magnets] do
septentrionate at one extreme, and australize atanother. Sir T. Browne.
AUSTRIAN,Of or pertaining to Austria, or to its inhabitants.-- n.
AUSTRINE,Southern; southerly; austral. [Obs.] Bailey.
AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN,Of or pertaining to the monarchy composed of Austria andHungary.
AUSTROMANCY,Soothsaying, or prediction of events, from observation of thewinds.
AUSZUG,See Army organization, Switzerland.
AUTARCHY,Self-sufficiency. [Obs.] Milton.
AUTHENTIC,Vested with all due formalities, and legally attested.
AUTHENTICAL,Authentic. [Archaic]
AUTHENTICALLY,In an authentic manner; with the requisite or genuineauthority.
AUTHENTICALNESS,The quality of being authentic; authenticity. [R.] Barrow.
AUTHENTICLY,Authentically.
AUTHENTICNESS,The quality of being authentic; authenticity. [R.] Hammond.
AUTHENTICS,A collection of the Novels or New Constitutions of Justinian,by an
anonymous author; -- so called on account of its authencity.Bouvier.
AUTHORESS,A female author. Glover.
AUTHORIAL,Of or pertaining to an author. "The authorial Hare.
AUTHORISM,Authoriship. [R.]
AUTHORIZABLE,Capable of being authorized. Hammond.
AUTHORIZATION,The act of giving authority or legal power; establishment
byauthority; sanction or warrant.The authorization of laws. Motley.A special
authorization from the chief. Merivale.
AUTHORIZED,, to rely for authority. [Obs.]Authorizing himself, for the most part,
upon other histories. Sir P.Sidney.
AUTHORIZER,One who authorizes.
AUTHORLESS,Without an author; without authority; anonymous.
AUTHORLY,Authorial. [R.] Cowper.
AUTHOTYPE,A type or block containing a facsimile of an autograph. Knight.
AUTO-,A combining form, with the meaning of self, one's self, one'sown, itself, its
own.
AUTO-DE-FE,Same as Auto-da-fé.
AUTO-INFECTION,Poisoning caused by a virus that originates and develops in
theorganism itself.
AUTO-INOCULATION,Inoculation of a person with virus from his own body.
AUTO-INTOXICATION,Poisoning, or the state of being poisoned, from toxicsubstances
produced within the body; autotoxæmia.
AUTOBIOGRAPHER,One who writers his own life or biography.
AUTOBIOGRAPHIST,One who writes his own life; an autobiographer. [R.]
AUTOBIOGRAPHY,A biography written by the subject of it; memoirs of one's
lifewritten by one's self.
AUTOCATALYSIS,Self-catalysis; catalysis of a substance by one of its ownproducts,
as of silver oxide by the silver formed by reduction of asmall portion of it. --
Au`to*cat`a*lyt"ic (#), a.
AUTOCEPHALOUS,Having its own head; independent of episcopal or
patriarchaljurisdiction, as certain Greek churches.
AUTOCHRONOGRAPH,An instrument for the instantaneous self-recording or printingof
time. Knight.
AUTOCHTHON,Aboriginal; indigenous; native.
AUTOCHTHONISM,The state of being autochthonal.
AUTOCHTHONY,An aboriginal or autochthonous condition.
AUTOCLASTIC,Broken in place; -- said of rocks having a broken or
brecciatedstructure due to crushing, in contrast to those of brecciatedmaterials
brought from a distance.
AUTOCLAVE,A kind of French stewpan with a steamtight lid. Knight.
AUTOCOHERER,A self-restoring coherer, as a microphonic detector.
AUTOCRACY,The action of the vital principle, or of the instinctivepowers, toward
the preservation of the individual; also, the vitalprinciple. [In this sense,
written also autocrasy.] Dunglison.
AUTOCRAT,Of or pertaining to autocracy or to an autocrat; absolute;holding
independent and arbitrary powers of government.-- Au`to*crat"ic*al*ly, adv.
AUTOCRATOR,An autocrat. [Archaic]
AUTOCRATORICAL,Pertaining to an autocrator; absolute. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
AUTOCRATRIX,A female sovereign who is independent and absolute; -- a titlegiven to
the empresses of Russia.
AUTOCRATSHIP,The office or dignity of an autocrat.
AUTODIDACT,One who is self-taught; an automath.
AUTODYNAMIC,Supplying its own power; -- applied to an instrument of thenature of a
water-ram.
AUTOECIOUS,Passing through all its stages on one host, as certainparasitic fungi;
-- contrasted with heterocious.
AUTOECISM,Quality of being autocious.
AUTOFECUNDATION,Self-impregnation. Darwin.
AUTOGAMOUS,Characterized by autogamy; self-fertilized.
AUTOGAMY,Self-fertilization, the fertilizing pollen being derived fromthe same
blossom as the pistil acted upon.
AUTOGENEAL,Self-produced; autogenous.
AUTOGENESIS,Spontaneous generation.
AUTOGENETIC DRAINAGE,A system of natural drainage developed by the
constituentstreams through headwater erosion.
AUTOGENETIC TOPOGRAPHY,A system of land forms produced by the free action of rain
andstreams on rocks of uniform texture.
AUTOGENETIC,Relating to autogenesis; self-generated.
AUTOGENOUS,Self-generated; produced independently.
AUTOGENOUSLY,In an autogenous manner; spontaneously.
AUTOGRAPH,That which is written with one's own hand; an originalmanuscript; a
person's own signature or handwriting.
AUTOGRAPHAL,Autographic. [Obs.]
AUTOHARP,A zitherlike musical instrument, provided with dampers which,when
depressed, deaden some strings, leaving free others that form achord.
AUTOHYPNOTIC,Pert. to autohypnotism; self-hypnotizing. -- n.
AUTOHYPNOTISM,Hypnotism of one's self by concentration of the attention onsome
object or idea.
AUTOKINESIS,Spontaneous or voluntary movement; movement due to an internalcause.
AUTOKINETIC SYSTEM,In fire-alarm telegraphy, a system so arranged that when
onealarm is being transmitted, no other alarm, sent in from anotherpoint, will be
transmitted until after the first alarm has beendisposed of.
AUTOKINETIC,Self-moving; moving automatically.
AUTOLATRY,Self-worship. Farrar.
AUTOMATH,One who is self-taught. [R.] Young.
AUTOMATICALLY,In an automatic manner.
AUTOMATISM,The state or quality of being automatic; the power of self-moving;
automatic, mechanical, or involuntary action. (Metaph.) Atheory as to the activity
of matter.
AUTOMATOUS,Automatic. [Obs.] "Automatous organs." Sir T. Browne.
AUTOMIXTE SYSTEM,A system (devised by Henri Pieper, a Belgian) of
drivingautomobiles employing a gasoline engine and an auxiliary reversibledynamo.
When there is an excess of power the dynamo is driven by theengine so as to charge
a small storage battery; when there is adeficiency of power the dynamo reverses and
acts as an auxiliarymotor. Sometimes called Pieper system. -- Automixte car, etc.
AUTOMOBILE,An automobile vehicle or mechanism; esp., a self-propelledvehicle
suitable for use on a street or roadway. Automobiles areusually propelled by
internal combustion engines (using volatileinflammable liquids, as gasoline or
petrol, alcohol, naphtha, etc.),steam engines, or electric motors. The power of the
driving motorvaries from about 4 to 50 H. P. for ordinary vehicles, ranging fromthe
run-about to the touring car, up to as high as 200 H. P. forspecially built racing
cars. Automobiles are also commonly, andgenerally in British usage, called motor
cars.
AUTOMOBILISM,The use of automobiles, or the practices, methods, or the like,of
those who use them. -- Au`to*mo"bil*ist, n.
AUTOMORPHIC,Patterned after one's self.The conception which any one frames of
another's mind is more or lessafter the pattern of his own mind, -- is automorphic.
H. Spenser.
AUTOMORPHISM,Automorphic characterization. H. Spenser.
AUTONOMASY,The use of a word of common or general signification for thename of a
particular thing; as, "He has gone to town," for, "He hasgone to London."
AUTONOMIC,Having the power of self-government; autonomous. Hickok.
AUTONOMIST,One who advocates autonomy.
AUTONOMOUS,Having independent existence or laws.
AUTONOMY,The sovereignty of reason in the sphere of morals; or man'spower, as
possessed of reason, to give law to himself. In this,according to Kant, consist the
true nature and only possible proof ofliberty. Fleming.
AUTOPATHIC,Dependent upon, or due or relating to, the structure andcharacteristics
of the diseased organism; endopathic; as, anautopathic disease; an autopathic
theory of diseases.
AUTOPHAGI,Birds which are able to run about and obtain their own food assoon as
hatched.
AUTOPHAGY,The feeding of the body upon itself, as in fasting; nutritionby
consumption of one's own tissues.
AUTOPHOBY,Fear of one's self; fear of being egotistical. [R.] Hare.
AUTOPHONY,An auscultatory process, which consists in noting the tone ofthe
observer's own voice, while he speaks, holding his head close tothe patient's
chest. Dunglison.
AUTOPLASTIC,Of or pertaining to autoplasty.
AUTOPLASTY,The process of artificially repairing lesions by taking a pieceof
healthy tissue, as from a neighboring part, to supply thedeficiency caused by
disease or wounds.
AUTOPNEUMATIC,Acting or moving automatically by means of compressed air.
AUTOPSORIN,That which is given under the doctrine of administering apatient's own
virus.
AUTOPSY,Dissection of a dead body, for the purpose of ascertaining thecause, seat,
or nature of a disease; a post-mortem examination.
AUTOPTICALLY,By means of ocular view, or one's own observation. Sir T.Browne.
AUTOSTABILITY,Automatic stability; also, inherent stability. An aëroplane
isinherently stable if it keeps in steady poise by virtue of its shapeand
proportions alone; it is automatically stable if it keeps insteady poise by means
of self-operative mechanism.
AUTOSTYLIC,Having the mandibular arch articulated directly to the cranium,as in the
skulls of the Amphibia.
AUTOSUGGESTION,Self-suggestion as distinguished from suggestion coming fromanother,
esp. in hypnotism. Autosuggestion is characteristic ofcertain mental conditions in
which expectant belief tends to producedisturbance of function of one or more
organs.
AUTOTHEIST,One given to self-worship. [R.]
AUTOTOXIC,Pertaining to, or causing, autotoxæmia.
AUTOTOXICATION,Same as Auto-intoxication.
AUTOTRANSFORMER,A transformer in which part of the primary winding is used as
asecondary winding, or vice versa; -- called also a compensator orbalancing coil.
AUTOTROPHIC,Capable of self-nourishment; -- said of all plants in
whichphotosynthetic activity takes place, as opposed to parasitism orsaprophytism.
AUTOTROPISM,The tendency of plant organs to grow in a straight line
whenuninfluenced by external stimuli.
AUTOTYPOGRAPHY,A process resembling "nature printing," by which drawingsexecuted on
gelatin are impressed into a soft metal plate, from whichthe printing is done as
from copperplate.
AUTOTYPY,The art or process of making autotypes.
AUTUNITE,A lemon-yellow phosphate of uranium and calcium occurring intabular
crystals with basal cleavage, and in micalike scales. H., 2-2.5. Sp. gr., 3.05-
3.19.
AUXANOMETER,An instrument to measure the growth of plants. Goodale.
AUXESIS,A figure by which a grave and magnificent word is put for theproper word;
amplification; hyperbole.
AUXETIC,Pertaining to, or containing, auxesis; amplifying.
AUXETOPHONE,A pneumatic reproducer for a phonograph, controlled by therecording
stylus on the principle of the relay. It produces muchclearer and louder tones than
does the ordinary vibrating diskreproducer.
AUXILIAR,Auxiliary. [Archaic]The auxiliar troops and Trojan hosts appear. Pope.
AUXILIARLY,By way of help. Harris.
AUXILIARY,Conferring aid or help; helping; aiding; assisting; subsidiary;as
auxiliary troops. Auxiliary scales (Mus.), the scales of relativeor attendant keys.
See under Attendant, a.-- Auxiliary verbs (Gram.). See Auxiliary, n., 3.
AUXILIATORY,Auxiliary; helping. [Obs.]
AUXOMETER,An instrument for measuring the magnifying power of a lens orsystem of
lenses.
AVA,Same as Kava. Johnston.
AVADAVAT,Same as Amadavat.
AVAIL,To be of use or advantage; to answer the purpose; to havestrength, force, or
efficacy sufficient to accomplish the object; as,the plea in bar must avail, that
is, be sufficient to defeat thesuit; this scheme will not avail; medicines will not
avail to checkthe disease. "What signs avail " Milton.Words avail very little with
me, young man. Sir W. Scott.
AVAILABLY,In an available manner; profitably; advantageously;efficaciously.
AVAILMENT,Profit; advantage. [Obs.]
AVALE,To descend; to fall; to dismount. [Obs.]And from their sweaty courses did
avale. Spenser.
AVANT,The front of an army. [Obs.] See Van.
AVANT-COURIER,A person dispatched before another person or company, to givenotice
of his or their approach.
AVANT-GUARD,The van or advanced body of an army. See Vanguard.
AVARICIOUS,Actuated by avarice; greedy of gain; immoderately desirous
ofaccumulating property.
AVAROUS,Avaricious. [Obs.]
AVAST,Cease; stop; stay. "Avast heaving." Totten.
AVATAR,The descent of a deity to earth, and his incarnation as a manor an animal;
-- chiefly associated with the incarnations of Vishnu.
AVAUNCE,To advance; to profit. Chaucer.
AVAUNT,Begone; depart; -- a word of contempt or abhorrence, equivalentto the phrase
"Get thee gone."
AVAUNTOUR,A boaster. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AVEL,To pull away. [Obs.]Yet are not these parts avelled. Sir T. Browne.
AVELLANE,In the form of four unhusked filberts; as, an avellane cross.
AVENA,A genus of grasses, including the common oat (Avena sativa);the oat grasses.
AVENACEOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, oats or the oat grasses.
AVENAGE,A quantity of oats paid by a tenant to a landlord in lieu ofrent. Jacob.
AVENALIN,A crystalline globulin, contained in oat kernels, very similarin
composition to excelsin, but different in reactions andcrystalline form.
AVENER,An officer of the king's stables whose duty it was to provideoats for the
horses. [Obs.]
AVENGE,To take vengeance. Levit. xix. 18.
AVENGEANCE,Vengeance. [Obs.]
AVENGEFUL,Vengeful. [Obs.] Spenser.
AVENGEMENT,The inflicting of retributive punishment; satisfaction taken.[R.]
Milton.
AVENGERESS,A female avenger. [Obs.] Spenser.
AVENIOUS,Being without veins or nerves, as the leaves of certain plants.
AVENOR,See Avener. [Obs.]
AVENS,A plant of the genus Geum, esp. Geum urbanum, or herb bennet.
AVENTAIL,The movable front to a helmet; the ventail.
AVENTINE,Pertaining to Mons Aventinus, one of the seven hills on whichRome stood.
Bryant.
AVENTRE,To thrust forward (at a venture), as a spear. [Obs.] Spenser.
AVENTURE,A mischance causing a person's death without felony, as bydrowning, or
falling into the fire.
AVENTURINE,A variety of translucent quartz, spangled throughout withscales of
yellow mica. ~= feldspar, a variety of oligoclase withinternal firelike reflections
due to the presence of minute crystals,probably of hematite; sunstone.
AVER,A work horse, or working ox. [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]
AVERAGE,That service which a tenant owed his lord, to be done by thework beasts of
the tenant, as the carriage of wheat, turf, etc.
AVERCORN,A reserved rent in corn, formerly paid to religious houses bytheir tenants
or farmers. Kennet.
AVERMENT,A positive statement of facts; an allegation; an offer tojustify or prove
what is alleged.
AVERPENNY,Money paid by a tenant in lieu of the service of average.
AVERROISM,The tenets of the Averroists.
AVERROIST,One of a sect of peripatetic philosophers, who appeared inItaly before
the restoration of learning; so denominated fromAverroes, or Averrhoes, a
celebrated Arabian philosopher. He held thedoctrine of monopsychism.
AVERRUNCATOR,An instrument for pruning trees, consisting of two blades, or ablade
and a hook, fixed on the end of a long rod.
AVERSATION,A turning from with dislike; aversion. [Obs.or Archaic]Some men have a
natural aversation to some vices or virtues, and anatural affection to others. Jer.
Taylor.
AVERSE,To turn away. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
AVERSENESS,The quality of being averse; opposition of mind; unwillingness.
AVERT,To turn aside, or away; as, to avert the eyes from an object;to ward off, or
prevent, the occurrence or effects of; as, how canthe danger be averted "To avert
his ire." Milton.When atheists and profane persons do hear of so many discordant
andcontrary opinions in religion, it doth avert them from the church.Bacon.Till
ardent prayer averts the public woe. Prior.
AVERTED,Turned away, esp. as an expression of feeling; also,
offended;unpropitious.Who scornful pass it with averted eye. Keble.
AVERTER,One who, or that which, averts.
AVERTIBLE,Capable of being averted; preventable.
AVERTIMENT,Advertisement. [Obs.]
AVES,The class of Vertebrata that includes the birds.
AVESTA,The Zoroastrian scriptures. See Zend-Avesta.
AVESTAN,Of or pertaining to the Avesta or the language of the Avesta. --n.
AVIADO,One who works a mine with means provided by another. [Sp. Amer.&
Southwestern U. S.]
AVIAN,Of or instrument to birds.
AVIARY,A house, inclosure, large cage, or other place, for keepingbirds confined; a
bird house.Lincolnshire may be termed the aviary of England. Fuller.
AVIATE,To fly, or navigate the air, in an aëroplane or heavier-than-air flying
machine. [Colloq.]
AVIATION,The art or science of flying.
AVIATOR,A woman aviator.
AVICULA,A genus of marine bivalves, having a pearly interior, allied tothe pearl
oyster; -- so called from a supposed resemblance of thetypical species to a bird.
AVICULAR,Of or pertaining to a bird or to birds.
AVICULARIA,See prehensile processes on the cells of some Bryozoa, oftenhaving the
shape of a bird's bill.
AVICULTURE,Rearing and care of birds.
AVID,Longing eagerly for; eager; greedy. "Avid of gold, yet greedierof renown."
Southey.
AVIDIOUS,Avid.
AVIDIOUSLY,Eagerly; greedily.
AVIDITY,Greediness; strong appetite; eagerness; intenseness of desire;as, to eat
with avidity.His books were received and read with avidity. Milward.
AVIE,Emulously. [Obs.]
AVIETTE,A heavier-than-air flying machine in which the motive power isfurnished
solely by the aviator.
AVIFAUNA,The birds, or all the kinds of birds, inhabiting a region.
AVIGATO,See Avocado.
AVIGNON BERRY,The fruit of the Rhamnus infectorius, eand of other species ofthe
same genus; -- so called from the city of Avignon, in France. Itis used by dyers
and painters for coloring yellow. Called also Frenchberry.
AVILE,To abase or debase; to vilify; to depreciate. [Obs.]Want makes us know the
price of what we avile. B. Jonson.
AVIS,Advice; opinion; deliberation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AVISE,To consider; to reflect. [Obs.]
AVISEFUL,Watchful; circumspect. [Obs.]With sharp, aviseful eye. Spenser.
AVISELY,Advisedly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AVISEMENT,Advisement; observation; deliberation. [Obs.]
AVISION,Vision. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AVOCADO,The pulpy fruit of Persea gratissima, a tree of tropicalAmerica. It is
about the size and shape of a large pear; -- calledalso avocado pear, alligator
pear, midshipman's butter.
AVOCAT,An advocate.
AVOCATE,To call off or away; to withdraw; to transfer to anothertribunal. [Obs. or
Archaic]One who avocateth his mind from other occupations. Barrow.He, at
last, . . . avocated the cause to Rome. Robertson.
AVOCATION,Pursuits; duties; affairs which occupy one's time; usualemployment;
vocation.There are professions, among the men, no more favorable to thesestudies
than the common avocations of women. Richardson.In a few hours, above thirty
thousand men left his standard, andreturned to their ordinary avocations.
Macaulay.An irregularity and instability of purpose, which makes them choosethe
wandering avocations of a shepherd, rather than the more fixedpursuits of
agriculture. Buckle.
AVOCATIVE,Calling off. [Obs.]
AVOID,To defeat or evade; to invalidate. Thus, in a replication, theplaintiff may
deny the defendant's plea, or confess it, and avoid itby stating new matter.
Blackstone.
AVOIDLESS,Unavoidable; inevitable.
AVOKE,To call from or back again. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
AVOLATE,To fly away; to escape; to exhale. [Obs.]
AVOLATION,The act of flying; flight; evaporation. [Obs.]
AVOSET,Same as Avocet.
AVOUCH,Evidence; declaration. [Obs.]The sensible and true avouch Of mine own eyes.
Shak.
AVOUCHABLE,Capable of being avouched.
AVOUCHER,One who avouches.
AVOUCHMENT,The act of avouching; positive declaration. [Obs.] Milton.
AVOUTRER,See Advoutrer. [Obs.]
AVOUTRIE,Adultery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AVOW,To acknowledge and justify, as an act done. See Avowry.Blackstone.
AVOWABLE,Capable of being avowed, or openly acknowledged, withconfidence. Donne.
AVOWAL,An open declaration; frank acknowledgment; as, an avowal ofsuch principles.
Hume.
AVOWANT,The defendant in replevin, who avows the distress of the goods,and
justifies the taking. Cowell.
AVOWED,Openly acknowledged or declared; admitted.-- A*vow"ed*ly (, adv.
AVOWEE,The person who has a right to present to a benefice; thepatron; an advowee.
See Advowson.
AVOWER,One who avows or asserts.
AVOWTRY,Adultery. See Advoutry.
AVOYER,A chief magistrate of a free imperial city or canton ofSwitzerland. [Obs.]
AVULSE,To pluck or pull off. Shenstone.
AVULSION,The sudden removal of lands or soil from the estate of one manto that of
another by an inundation or a current, or by a suddenchange in the course of a
river by which a part of the estate of oneman is cut off and joined to the estate
of another. The property inthe part thus separated, or cut off, continues in the
original owner.Wharton. Burrill.
AVUNCULAR,Of or pertaining to an uncle.In these rare instances, the law of
pedigree, whether direct oravuncular, gives way. I. Taylor.
AWAIT,A waiting for; ambush; watch; watching; heed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AWAKE,To cease to sleep; to come out of a state of natural sleep;and, figuratively,
out of a state resembling sleep, as inaction ordeath.The national spirit again
awoke. Freeman.Awake to righteousness, and sin not. 1 Cor. xv. 34.
AWAKEN,To rouse from sleep or torpor; to awake; to wake.[He] is dispatched Already
to awaken whom thou nam'st. Cowper.Their consciences are thoroughly awakened.
Tillotson.
AWAKENER,One who, or that which, awakens.
AWAKENING,Rousing from sleep, in a natural or a figurative sense; rousinginto
activity; exciting; as, the awakening city; an awakeningdiscourse; the awakening
dawn.-- A*wak"en*ing*ly, adv.
AWAKENMENT,An awakening. [R.]
AWANTING,Missing; wanting. [Prov. Scot. & Eng.] Sir W. Hamilton.
AWARD,To give by sentence or judicial determination; to assign orapportion, after
careful regard to the nature of the case; toadjudge; as, the arbitrators awarded
damages to the complainant.To review The wrongful sentence, and award a new.
Dryden.
AWARDER,One who awards, or assigns by sentence or judicialdetermination; a judge.
AWARN,To warn. [Obs.] Spenser.
AWASH,Washed by the waves or tide; -- said of a rock or strip ofshore, or (Naut.)
of an anchor, etc., when flush with the surface ofthe water, so that the waves
break over it.
AWAY-GOING,Sown during the last years of a tenancy, but not ripe untilafter its
expiration; -- said of crops. Wharton.
AWAYWARD,Turned away; away. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AWE,To strike with fear and reverence; to inspire with awe; tocontrol by inspiring
dread.That same eye whose bend doth awe the world. Shak.His solemn and pathetic
exhortation awed and melted the bystanders.Macaulay.
AWE-STRICKEN,Awe-struck.
AWE-STRUCK,Struck with awe. Milton.
AWEARIED,Wearied. [Poetic]
AWEARY,Weary. [Poetic] "I begin to be aweary of thee." Shak.
AWEATHER,On the weather side, or toward the wind; in the direction fromwhich the
wind blows; -- opposed to alee; as, helm aweather ! Totten.
AWEIGH,Just drawn out of the ground, and hanging perpendicularly;atrip; -- said of
the anchor. Totten.
AWELESS,See Awless.
AWESOMENESS,The quality of being awesome.
AWHAPE,To confound; to terrify; to amaze. [Obs.] Spenser.
AWHILE,For a while; for some time; for a short time.
AWING,On the wing; flying; fluttering. Wallace.
AWK,Perversely; in the wrong way. L'Estrange.
AWKWARD SQUAD,A squad of inapt recruits assembled for special drill.
AWL,A pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather orwood; used by
shoemakers, saddlers, cabinetmakers, etc. The blade isdifferently shaped and
pointed for different uses, as in the bradawl, saddler's awl, shoemaker's awl, etc.
AWL-SHAPED,Subulate. See Subulate. Gray.
AWLESSNESS,The quality of being awless.
AWLWORT,A plant (Subularia aquatica), with awl-shaped leaves.
AWM,See Aam.
AWN,The bristle or beard of barley, oats, grasses, etc., or anysimilar bristlelike
appendage; arista. Gray.
AWNED,Furnished with an awn, or long bristle-shaped tip; bearded.Gray.
AWNINGED,Furnished with an awning.
AWNLESS,Without awns or beard.
AWNY,Having awns; bearded.
AWORK,At work; in action. "Set awork." Shak.
AWORKING,At work; in action. [Archaic or Colloq.] Spenser.
AWRONG,Wrongly. Ford.
AWSOME,Same as Awesome.
AX,To ask; to inquire or inquire of.
AXAL,[See Axial.] [R.]
AXIAL,Belonging to the axis of the body; as, the axial skeleton; orto the axis of
any appendage or organ; as, the axial bones. Axialline (Magnetism), the line taken
by the magnetic force in passingfrom one pole of a horseshoe magnet to the other.
Faraday.
AXIALLY,In relation to, or in a line with, an axis; in the axial(magnetic) line.
AXIL,The angle or point of divergence between the upper side of abranch, leaf, or
petiole, and the stem or branch from which itsprings. Gray.
AXILE,Situated in the axis of anything; as an embryo which lies inthe axis of a
seed. Gray.
AXILLA,The armpit, or the cavity beneath the junction of the arm andshoulder.
AXILLAR,Axillary.
AXILLARY,Of or pertaining to the axilla or armpit; as, axillary gland,artery,
nerve.
AXINITE,A borosilicate of alumina, iron, and lime, commonly found inglassy, brown
crystals with acute edges.
AXINOMANCY,A species of divination, by means of an ax or hatchet.
AXIOM,A self-evident and necessary truth, or a proposition whosetruth is so evident
as first sight that no reasoning or demonstrationcan make it plainer; a proposition
which it is necessary to take forgranted; as, "The whole is greater than a part;"
"A thing can not, atthe same time, be and not be."
AXIOMATICALLY,By the use of axioms; in the form of an axiom.
AXIS,The spotted deer (Cervus axis or Axis maculata) of India, whereit is called
hog deer and parrah (Moorish name).
AXLE GUARD,The part of the framing of a railway car or truck, by which anaxle box
is held laterally, and in which it may move vertically; --also called a jaw in the
United States, and a housing in England.
AXLED,Having an axle; -- used in composition.Merlin's agate-axled car. T. Warton.
AXMAN,One who wields an ax.
AXMINSTER,An Axminster carpet, an imitation Turkey carpet, noted for itsthick and
soft pile; -- so called from Axminster, Eng.
AXOLOTL,An amphibian of the salamander tribe found in the elevatedlakes of Mexico;
the siredon.
AXSTONE,A variety of jade. It is used by some savages, particularly thenatives of
the South Sea Islands, for making axes or hatchets.
AXTREE,Axle or axletree. [Obs.] Drayton.
AXUNGE,Fat; grease; esp. the fat of pigs or geese; usually (Pharm.),lard prepared
for medical use.
AY,Ah! alas! "Ay me! I fondly dream `Had ye been there.'" Milton.
AYAH,A native nurse for children; also, a lady's maid. [India]
AYE,An affirmative vote; one who votes in the affirmative; as, "Tocall for the ayes
and noes;" "The ayes have it."
AYE-AYE,A singular nocturnal quadruped, allied to the lemurs, found inMadagascar
(Cheiromys Madagascariensis), remarkable for its longfingers, sharp nails, and
rodent-like incisor teeth.
AYEGREEN,The houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum). Halliwell.
AYENWARD,Backward. [Obs.] Chaucer.
AYLE,A grandfather. [Obs.] Writ of Ayle, an ancient English writwhich lay against a
stranger who had dispossessed the demandant ofland of which his grandfather died
seized.
AYME,The utterance of the ejaculation "Ay me !" [Obs.] See Ay,interj. "Aymees and
hearty heigh-hoes." J. Fletcher.
AYOND,Beyond. [North of Eng.]
AYONT,Beyond. [Scot.]
AYRSHIRE,One of a superior breed of cattle from Ayrshire, Scotland.Ayrshires are
notable for the quantity and quality of their milk.
AYUNTAMIENTO,In Spain and Spanish America, a corporation or body ofmagistrates in
cities and towns, corresponding to mayor and aldermen.
AZALEA,A genus of showy flowering shrubs, mostly natives of China orof North
America; false honeysuckle. The genus is scarcely distinctfrom Rhododendron.
AZAROLE,The Neapolitan medlar (Cratægus azarolus), a shrub of southernEurope; also,
its fruit.
AZEDARACH,A handsome Asiatic tree (Melia azedarach), common in thesouthern United
States; -- called also, Pride of India, Pride ofChina, and Bead tree.
AZIMUTHAL,Of or pertaining to the azimuth; in a horizontal circle.Azimuthal error
of a transit instrument, its deviation in azimuthfrom the plane of the meridian.
AZO-,A combining form of azote;(a) Applied loosely to compounds having nitrogen
variously combined,as in cyanides, nitrates, etc.(b) Now especially applied to
compounds containing a two atomnitrogen group uniting two hydrocarbon radicals, as
in azobenzene,azobenzoic, etc. These compounds furnish many artificial dyes.
SeeDiazo-.
AZOBENZENE,A substance (C6H5.N2.C6H5) derived from nitrobenzene, formingorange red
crystals which are easily fusible.
AZOGUE,Lit.: Quicksilver; hence: pl. (Mining)
AZOIC,Destitute of any vestige of organic life, or at least of animallife; anterior
to the existence of animal life; formed when there wasno animal life on the globe;
as, the azoic. rocks. Azoic age (Geol.),the age preceding the existence of animal
life, or anterior to thepaleozoic tome. Azoic is also used as a noun, age being
understood.See Archæan, and Eozoic.
AZOLE,Any of a large class of compounds characterized by a five-membered ring which
contains an atom of nitrogen and at least oneother noncarbon atom (nitrogen,
oxygen, sulphur). The prefixes furo-,thio, and pyrro-are used to distinguish three
subclasses of azoles,which may be regarded as derived respectively from
furfuran,thiophene, and pyrrol by replacement of the CH group by nitrogen; as,furo-
monazole. Names exactly analogous to those for the azines arealso used; as,
oxazole, diazole, etc.
AZOLEIC,Pertaining to an acid produced by treating oleic with nitricacid. [R.]
AZONIC,Confined to no zone or region; not local.
AZORIAN,Of or pertaining to the Azores.-- n.
AZOTE,Same as Nitrogen. [R.]
AZOTED,Nitrogenized; nitrogenous.
AZOTIC,Pertaining to azote, or nitrogen; formed or consisting ofazote; nitric; as,
azotic gas; azotic acid. [R.] Carpenter.
AZOTITE,A salt formed by the combination of azotous, or nitrous, acidwith a base; a
nitrite. [R.]
AZOTIZE,To impregnate with azote, or nitrogen; to nitrogenize.
AZOTOMETER,An apparatus for measuring or determining the proportion ofnitrogen; a
nitrometer.
AZOTOUS,: Nitrous; as, azotous acid. [R.]
AZOTURIA,Excess of urea or other nitrogenous substances in the urine.
AZTEC,Of or relating to one of the early races in Mexico thatinhabited the great
plateau of that country at the time of theSpanish conquest in 1519.-- n.
AZURE,Sky-blue; resembling the clear blue color of the unclouded sky;cerulean;
also, cloudless. Azure stone (Min.), the lapis lazuli;also, the lazulite.
AZURED,Of an azure color; sky-blue. "The azured harebell." Shak.
AZUREOUS,Of a fine blue color; azure.
AZURINE,Azure.
AZURITE,Blue carbonate of copper; blue malachite.
AZURN,Azure. [Obs.]Thick set with agate, and the azurn sheen Of turkis blue, and
emeraldgreen. Milton.
AZYGOUS,Odd; having no fellow; not one of a pair; single; as, theazygous muscle of
the uvula.
AZYMIC,Azymous.
AZYMITE,One who administered the Eucharist with unleavened bread; -- aname of
reproach given by those of the Greek church to the Latins.
AZYMOUS,Unleavened; unfermented. "Azymous bread." Dunglison.
B,is the second letter of the English alphabet. (See Guide toPronunciation, §§
196,220.) It is etymologically related to p , v , f, w and m , letters representing
sounds having a close organicaffinity to its own sound; as in Eng. bursar and
purser; Eng. bearand Lat. pear; Eng. silver and Ger. silber; Lat. cubitum and
It.gomito; Eng. seven, Anglo-Saxon seofon, Ger. sieben, Lat. septem,Gr.ptan. The
form of letter B is Roman, from Greek B (Beta), ofSemitic origin. The small b was
formed by gradual change from thecapital B.
BA,To kiss. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BAA,To cry baa, or bleat as a sheep.He treble baas for help, but none can get. Sir
P. Sidney.
BAAING,The bleating of a sheep. Marryat.
BAAL,The supreme male divinity of the Phoenician and Canaanitishnations.
BAALISM,Worship of Baal; idolatry.
BAB,Lit., gate; -- a title given to the founder of Babism, andtaken from that of
Bab-ud-Din, assumed by him.
BABA,A kind of plum cake.
BABBITT METAL,A soft white alloy of variable composition (as a nine parts oftin to
one of copper, or of fifty parts of tin to five of antimonyand one of copper) used
in bearings to diminish friction.
BABBITT,To line with Babbitt metal.
BABBLEMENT,Babble. Hawthorne.
BABBLER,A name given to any one of family (Timalinæ) of thrushlikebirds, having a
chattering note.
BABBLERY,Babble. [Obs.] Sir T. More
BABEHOOD,Babyhood. [R.] Udall.
BABERY,Finery of a kind to please a child. [Obs.] "Painted babery."Sir P. Sidney.
BABILLARD,The lesser whitethroat of Europe; -- called also babblingwarbler.
BABINGTONITE,A mineral occurring in triclinic crystals approaching pyroxenein
angle, and of a greenish black color. It is a silicate of iron,manganese, and lime.
BABISH,Like a babe; a childish; babyish. [R.] "Babish imbecility."Drayton.--
Bab"ish*ly, adv.-- Bab"ish*ness, n. [R.]
BABISM,The doctrine of a modern religious sect, which originated inPersia in 1843,
being a mixture of Mohammedan, Christian, Jewish andParsee elements.
BABIST,A believer in Babism.
BABLAH,The ring of the fruit of several East Indian species of acacia;neb-neb. It
contains gallic acid and tannin, and is used for dyeingdrab.
BABOON,One of the Old World Quadrumana, of the genera Cynocephalus andPapio; the
dog-faced ape. Baboons have dog-like muzzles and largecanine teeth, cheek pouches,
a short tail, and naked callosities onthe buttocks. They are mostly African. See
Mandrill, and Chacma, andDrill an ape.
BABOONERY,Baboonish behavior. Marryat.
BABOONISH,Like a baboon.
BABY FARM,A place where the nourishment and care of babies are offeredfor hire.
BABY FARMER,One who keeps a baby farm.
BABY FARMING,The business of keeping a baby farm.
BABY JUMPER,A hoop suspended by an elastic strap, in which a young childmay be held
secure while amusing itself by jumping on the floor.
BABY,An infant or young child of either sex; a babe.
BABYHOOD,The state or period of infancy.
BABYHOUSE,A place for children's dolls and dolls' furniture. Swift.
BABYISH,Like a baby; childish; puerile; simple.-- Ba"by*ish*ly, adv.--
Ba"by*ish*ness, n.
BABYLONIAN,Of or pertaining to the real or to the mystical Babylon, or tothe
ancient kingdom of Babylonia; Chaldean.
BABYLONISH,See Babyroussa.
BABYSHIP,The quality of being a baby; the personality of an infant.
BACCALAUREATE,Pertaining to a bachelor of arts. Baccalaureate sermon, in
someAmerican colleges, a sermon delivered as a farewell discourse to agraduating
class.
BACCATE,Pulpy throughout, like a berry; -- said of fruits. Gray.
BACCHANAL,The festival of Bacchus; the bacchanalia.
BACCHANALIA,A feast or an orgy in honor of Bacchus.
BACCHANALIAN,Of or pertaining to the festival of Bacchus; relating to orgiven to
reveling and drunkenness.Even bacchanalian madness has its charms. Cowper.
BACCHANALIANISM,The practice of bacchanalians; bacchanals; drunken revelry.
BACCHANT,Bacchanalian; fond of drunken revelry; wine-loving; reveling;carousing.
Byron.
BACCHANTIC,Bacchanalian.
BACCHIUS,A metrical foot composed of a short syllable and two long ones;according
to some, two long and a short.
BACCHUS,The god of wine, son of Jupiter and Semele.
BACCIFEROUS,Producing berries. " Bacciferous trees." Ray.
BACCIFORM,Having the form of a berry.
BACCIVOROUS,Eating, or subsisting on, berries; as, baccivorous birds.
BACE,See Base. [Obs.] Spenser.
BACHELOR,A kind of bass, an edible fresh-water fish (Pomoxys annularis)of the
southern United States.
BACHELORDOM,The state of bachelorhood; the whole body of bachelors.
BACHELORHOOD,The state or condition of being a bachelor; bachelorship.
BACHELORISM,Bachelorhood; also, a manner or peculiarity belonging tobachelors. W.
Irving.
BACHELORSHIP,The state of being a bachelor.
BACHELRY,The body of young aspirants for knighthood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BACILLAR,Shaped like a rod or staff.
BACILLARIAE,See Diatom.
BACILLARY,Of or pertaining to little rods; rod-shaped.
BACILLIFORM,Rod-shaped.
BACILLUS,A variety of bacterium; a microscopic, rod-shaped vegetableorganism.
BACK DOOR,A door in the back part of a building; hence, an indirect way.Atterbury.
BACK STAIRS,Stairs in the back part of a house, as distinguished from thefront
stairs; hence, a private or indirect way.
BACK,The keel and keelson of a ship.
BACK-FIRE,To have or experience a back fire or back fires; -- said of aninternal-
combustion engine.
BACKARACK,See Bacharach.
BACKARE,Same as Baccare.
BACKBAND,The band which passes over the back of a horse and holds up theshafts of a
carriage.
BACKBITE,To wound by clandestine detraction; to censure meanly orspitefully (as
absent person); to slander or speak evil of (oneabsent). Spenser.
BACKBITER,One who backbites; a secret calumniator or detractor.
BACKBITING,Secret slander; detraction.Backbiting, and bearing of false witness.
Piers Plowman.
BACKBOND,An instrument which, in conjunction with another making anabsolute
disposition, constitutes a trust.
BACKBONED,Vertebrate.
BACKCAST,Anything which brings misfortune upon one, or causes failure inan effort
or enterprise; a reverse. [Scot.]
BACKDOOR,Acting from behind and in concealment; as backdoor intrigues.
BACKDOWN,A receding or giving up; a complete surrender. [Colloq.]
BACKED,Having a back; fitted with a back; as, a backed electrotype orstereotype
plate. Used in composition; as, broad- backed; hump-backed.
BACKER,One who, or that which, backs; especially one who backs aperson or thing in
a contest.
BACKFALL,A fall or throw on the back in wrestling.
BACKFRIEND,A secret enemy. [Obs.] South.
BACKGAMMON,A game of chance and skill, played by two persons on a "board"marked off
into twenty-four spaces called "points". Each player hasfifteen pieces, or "men",
the movements of which from point to pointare determined by throwing dice. Formerly
called tables. Backgammonboard , a board for playing backgammon, often made in the
form of tworectangular trays hinged together, each tray containing two "tables".
BACKGROUND,The space which is behind and subordinate to a portrait orgroup of
figures.
BACKHAND,A kind of handwriting in which the downward slope of theletters is from
left to right.
BACKHANDEDNESS,State of being backhanded; the using of backhanded or
indirectmethods.
BACKHANDER,A backhanded blow.
BACKHEEL,A method of tripping by getting the leg back of the opponent'sheel on the
outside and pulling forward while pushing his body back;a throw made in this way.
-- v. t.
BACKHOUSE,A building behind the main building. Specifically: A privy; anecessary.
BACKING,The preparation of the back of a book with glue, etc., beforeputting on the
cover.
BACKJOINT,A rebate or chase in masonry left to receive a permanent slabor other
filling.
BACKLASH,The distance through which one part of connected machinery, asa wheel,
piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connectedparts, resulting from
looseness in fitting or from wear; also, thejarring or reflex motion caused in
badly fitting machinery byirregularities in velocity or a reverse of motion.
BACKLESS,Without a back.
BACKLOG,A large stick of wood, forming the of a fire on the hearth.[U.S.]There was
first a backlog, from fifteen to four and twenty inches indiameter and five feet
long, imbedded in the ashes. S. G. Goodrich.
BACKS,Among leather dealers, the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.
BACKSAW,A saw (as a tenon saw) whose blade is stiffened by an addedmetallic back.
BACKSET,To plow again, in the fall; -- said of prairie land broken upin the spring.
[Western U.S.]
BACKSETTLER,One living in the back or outlying districts of a community.The English
backsettlers of Leinster and Munster. Macaulay.
BACKSIDE,The hinder part, posteriors, or rump of a person or animal.
BACKSIGHT,The reading of the leveling staff in its unchanged positionwhen the
leveling instrument has been taken to a new position; asight directed backwards to
a station previously occupied. Cf.Foresight, n., 3.
BACKSLIDE,To slide back; to fall away; esp. to abandon gradually thefaith and
practice of a religion that has been professed.
BACKSLIDER,One who backslides.
BACKSLIDING,Slipping back; falling back into sin or error; sinning.Turn, O
backsliding children, saith the Lord. Jer. iii. 14.
BACKSTAFF,An instrument formerly used for taking the altitude of theheavenly
bodies, but now superseded by the quadrant and sextant; --so called because the
observer turned his back to the body observed.
BACKSTAY,A rope or stay extending from the masthead to the side of aship, slanting
a little aft, to assist the shrouds in supporting themast. [ Often used in the
plural.]
BACKSTER,A backer. [Obs.]
BACKSTITCH,A stitch made by setting the needle back of the end of the laststitch,
and bringing it out in front of the end.
BACKSTRESS,A female baker. [Obs.]
BACKWARD,The state behind or past. [Obs.]In the dark backward and abysm of time.
Shak.
BACKWARDATION,The seller's postponement of delivery of stock or shares, withthe
consent of the buyer, upon payment of a premium to the latter; --also, the premium
so paid. See Contango. Biddle.
BACKWARDNESS,The state of being backward.
BACKWASH,To clean the oil from (wood) after combing.
BACKWOODS,The forests or partly cleared grounds on the frontiers.
BACKWOODSMAN,A men living in the forest in or beyond the new settlements,especially
on the western frontiers of the older portions of theUnited States. Fisher Ames.
BACKWORM,A disease of hawks. See Filanders. Wright.
BACON,The back and sides of a pig salted and smoked; formerly, theflesh of a pig
salted or fresh. Bacon beetle (Zoöl.), a beetle(Dermestes lardarius) which,
especially in the larval state, feedsupon bacon, woolens, furs, etc. See
Dermestes.-- To save one's bacon, to save one's self or property from harm orless.
[Colloq.]
BACONIAN,Of or pertaining to Lord Bacon, or to his system of philosophy.Baconian
method, the inductive method. See Induction.
BACTERIA,See Bacterium.
BACTERIAL,Of or pertaining to bacteria.
BACTERICIDAL,Destructive of bacteria.
BACTERICIDE,Same as Germicide.
BACTERIN,A bacterial vaccine.
BACTERIOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to bacteriology; as, bacteriological studies.
BACTERIOLOGIST,One skilled in bacteriology.
BACTERIOLOGY,The science relating to bacteria.
BACTERIOSCOPIC,Relating to bacterioscopy; as, a bacterioscopic examination.
BACTERIOSCOPIST,One skilled in bacterioscopic examinations.
BACTERIOSCOPY,The application of a knowledge of bacteria for their detectionand
identification, as in the examination of polluted water.
BACTERIUM,A microscopic vegetable organism, belonging to the class Algæ,usually in
the form of a jointed rodlike filament, and found inputrefying organic infusions.
Bacteria are destitute of chlorophyll,and are the smallest of microscopic
organisms. They are very widelydiffused in nature, and multiply with marvelous
rapidity, both byfission and by spores. Certain species are active agents
infermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certaininfectious diseases.
See Bacillus.
BACTRIAN,Of or pertaining to Bactria in Asia.-- n.
BACULE,See Bascule.
BACULINE,Of or pertaining to the rod or punishment with the rod.
BACULITE,A cephalopod of the extinct genus Baculites, found fossil inthe Cretaceous
rocks. It is like an uncoiled ammonite.
BACULOMETRY,Measurement of distance or altitude by a staff or staffs.
BAD LANDS,Barren regions, especially in the western United States, wherehorizontal
strata (Tertiary deposits) have been often eroded intofantastic forms, and much
intersected by canons, and where lack ofwood, water, and forage increases the
difficulty of traversing thecountry, whence the name, first given by the Canadian
French,Mauvaises Terres (bad lands).
BAD,of Bid. Bade. [Obs.] Dryden.
BADAUD,A person given to idle observation of everything, with wonderor
astonishment; a credulous or gossipy idler.
BADDER,compar. of Bad, a. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BADDERLOCKS,A large black seaweed (Alaria esculenta) sometimes eaten inEurope; --
also called murlins, honeyware, and henware.
BADDISH,Somewhat bad; inferior. Jeffrey.
BADE,A form of the pat tense of Bid.
BADGE,A carved ornament on the stern of a vessel, containing a windowor the
representation of one.
BADGELESS,Having no badge. Bp. Hall.
BADGER GAME,The method of blackmailing by decoying a person into acompromising
situation and extorting money by threats of exposure.[Cant]
BADGER STATE,Wisconsin; -- a nickname.
BADGER,An itinerant licensed dealer in commodities used for food; ahawker; a
huckster; -- formerly applied especially to one who boughtgrain in one place and
sold it in another. [Now dialectic, Eng.]
BADGER-LEGGED,Having legs of unequal length, as the badger was thought tohave.
Shak.
BADIAGA,A fresh-water sponge (Spongilla), common in the north ofEurope, the powder
of which is used to take away the livid marks ofbruises.
BADIAN,An evergreen Chinese shrub of the Magnolia family (Illiciumanisatum), and
its aromatic seeds; Chinese anise; star anise.
BADIGEON,A cement or paste (as of plaster and freestone, or of sawdustand glue or
lime) used by sculptors, builders, and workers in wood orstone, to fill holes,
cover defects, or finish a surface.
BADINAGE,Playful raillery; banter. "He . . . indulged himself only in anelegant
badinage." Warburton.
BADLY,In a bad manner; poorly; not well; unskillfully; imperfectly;unfortunately;
grievously; so as to cause harm; disagreeably;seriously.
BADNESS,The state of being bad.
BAENOMERE,One of the somites (arthromeres) that make up the thorax ofArthropods.
Packard.
BAENOPOD,One of the thoracic legs of Arthropods.
BAENOSOME,The thorax of Arthropods. Packard.
BAETULUS,A meteorite, or similar rude stone artificially shaped, heldsacred or
worshiped as of divine origin.
BAFF,A blow; a stroke. [Scot.] H. Miller.
BAFFLE,A defeat by artifice, shifts, and turns; discomfiture. [R.] "Abaffle to
philosophy." South.
BAFFLEMENT,The process or act of baffling, or of being baffled;frustration; check.
BAFFLER,One who, or that which, baffles.
BAFFLING,Frustrating; discomfiting; disconcerting; as, bafflingcurrents, winds,
tasks.-- Bafflingly, adv.-- Bafflingness, n.
BAFFY,A short wooden club having a deeply concave face, seldom used.
BAFT,Same as Bafta.
BAFTA,A coarse stuff, usually of cotton, originally made in India.Also, an
imitation of this fabric made for export.
BAG NET,A bag-shaped net for catching fish.
BAG,A certain quantity of a commodity, such as it is customary tocarry to market in
a sack; as, a bag of pepper or hops; a bag ofcoffee. Bag and baggage, all that
belongs to one.-- To give one the bag, to disappoint him. [Obs.] Bunyan.
BAGASSE,Sugar cane, as it
BAGGAGE MASTER,One who has charge of the baggage at a railway station or upona line
of public travel. [U.S.]
BAGGAGER,One who takes care of baggage; a camp follower. [Obs.] Sir W.Raleigh.
BAGGALA,A two-masted Arab or Indian trading vessel, used in IndianOcean.
BAGGILY,In a loose, baggy way.
BAGGING,Reaping peas, beans, wheat, etc., with a chopping stroke.[Eng.]
BAGGY,Resembling a bag; loose or puffed out, or pendent, like a bag;flabby; as,
baggy trousers; baggy cheeks.
BAGMAN,A commercial traveler; one employed to solicit orders formanufacturers and
tradesmen. Thackeray.
BAGPIPE,A musical wind instrument, now used chiefly in the Highlands ofScotland.
BAGPIPER,One who plays on a bagpipe; a piper. Shak.
BAGREEF,The lower reef of fore and aft sails; also, the upper reef oftopsails. Ham.
Nav. Encyc.
BAGUE,The annular molding or group of moldings dividing a long shaftor clustered
column into two or more parts.
BAGWIG,A wig, in use in the 18th century, with the hair at the back ofthe head in a
bag.
BAGWORM,One of several lepidopterous insects which construct, in thelarval state, a
baglike case which they carry about for protection.One species (Platoeceticus
Gloveri) feeds on the orange tree. SeeBasket worm.
BAH,An exclamation expressive of extreme contempt.Twenty-five years ago the vile
ejaculation, Bah! was utterly unknownto the English public. De Quincey.
BAHAI,A member of the sect of the Babis consisting of the adherentsof Baha (Mirza
Husain Ali, entitled "Baha 'u 'llah," or, "theSplendor of God"), the elder half
brother of Mirza Yahya of Nur, whosucceeded the Bab as the head of the Babists.
Baha in 1863 declaredhimself the supreme prophet of the sect, and became its
recognizedhead. There are upwards of 20,000 Bahais in the United States.
BAHAISM,The religious tenets or practices of the Bahais.
BAHAR,A weight used in certain parts of the East Indies, varyingconsiderably in
different localities, the range being from 223 to 625pounds.
BAIGNE,To soak or drench. [Obs.]
BAIGNOIRE,A box of the lowest tier in a theater. Du Maurier.
BAIL,A bucket or scoop used in bailing water out of a boat. [Obs.]The bail of a
canoe . . . made of a human skull. Capt. Cook.
BAILEE,The person to whom goods are committed in trust, and who has atemporary
possession and a qualified property in them, for thepurposes of the trust.
Blackstone.
BAILER,See Bailor.
BAILIE,An officer in Scotland, whose office formerly corresponded tothat of
sheriff, but now corresponds to that of an English alderman.
BAILIFF,A sheriff's deputy, appointed to make arrests, collect fines,summon juries,
etc.
BAILIFFWICK,See Bailiwick. [Obs.]
BAILIWICK,The precincts within which a bailiff has jurisdiction; thelimits of a
bailiff's authority.
BAILMENT,The action of bailing a person accused.Bailment . . . is the saving or
delivery of a man out of prisonbefore he hath satisfied the law. Dalton.
BAILOR,One who delivers goods or money to another in trust.
BAILPIECE,A piece of parchment, or paper, containing a recognizance orbail bond.
BAIN,A bath; a bagnio. [Obs.] Holland.
BAIN-MARIE,A vessel for holding hot water in which another vessel may beheated
without scorching its contents; -- used for warming orpreparing food or
pharmaceutical preparations.
BAIRAM,The name of two Mohammedan festivals, of which one is held atthe close of
the fast called Ramadan, and the other seventy daysafter the fast.
BAIRN,A child. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]Has he not well provided for the bairn ! Beau. &
Fl.
BAISEMAINS,Respects; compliments. [Obs.]
BAIT,To stop to take a portion of food and drink for refreshment ofone's self or
one's beasts, on a journey.Evil news rides post, while good news baits. Milton.My
lord's coach conveyed me to Bury, and thence baiting aEvelyn.
BAITER,One who baits; a tormentor.
BAIZE,A coarse woolen stuff with a long nap; -- usually dyed in plaincolors.A new
black baize waistcoat lined with silk. Pepys.
BAJOCCO,A small cooper coin formerly current in the Roman States, worthabout a cent
and a half.
BAKE,The process, or result, of baking.
BAKEHOUSE,A house for baking; a bakery.
BAKEN,p. p. of Bake. [Obs. or. Archaic]
BAKER-LEGGED,Having legs that bend inward at the knees.
BAKINGLY,In a hot or baking manner.
BAKISTRE,A baker. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BALAAM,A paragraph describing something wonderful, used to fill out anewspaper
column; -- an allusion to the miracle of Balaam's assspeaking. Numb. xxii. 30.
[Cant] Balaam basket or box (Print.), thereceptacle for rejected articles. Blackw.
Mag.
BALACHONG,A condiment formed of small fishes or shrimps, pounded up withsalt and
spices, and then dried. It is much esteemed in China.
BALAENOIDEA,A division of the Cetacea, including the right whale and allother
whales having the mouth fringed with baleen. See Baleen.
BALANCE WHEEL,A wheel which imparts regularity to the movements of any engineor
machine; a fly wheel.
BALANCE,A balance wheel, as of a watch, or clock. See Balance wheel (inthe
Vocabulary).
BALANCEABLE,Such as can be balanced.
BALANCEMENT,The act or result of balancing or adjusting; equipoise; evenadjustment
of forces. [R.] Darwin.
BALANCER,In Diptera, the rudimentary posterior wing.
BALANCEREEF,The last reef in a fore-and-aft sail, taken to steady the ship.
BALANIFEROUS,Bearing or producing acorns.
BALANITE,A fossil balanoid shell.
BALANOGLOSSUS,A peculiar marine worm. See Enteropneusta, and Tornaria.
BALANOID,Resembling an acorn; -- applied to a group of barnacles havingshells
shaped like acorns. See Acornshell, and Barnacle.
BALAS RUBY,A variety of spinel ruby, of a pale rose red, or inclining toorange. See
Spinel.
BALATA,A West Indian sapotaceous tree (Bumelia retusa).
BALAUSTINE,The pomegranate tree (Punica granatum). The bark of the root,the rind of
the fruit, and the flowers are used medicinally.
BALAYEUSE,A protecting ruffle or frill, as of silk or lace, sewed closeto the lower
edge of a skirt on the inside.
BALBUTIES,The defect of stammering; also, a kind of incompletepronunciation.
BALCON,A balcony. [Obs.] Pepys.
BALCONIED,Having balconies.
BALCONY,A platform projecting from the wall of a building, usuallyresting on
brackets or consoles, and inclosed by a parapet; as, abalcony in front of a window.
Also, a projecting gallery in places ofamusement; as, the balcony in a theater.
BALD EAGLE,The white-headed eagle (Haliæetus leucocephalus) of America.The young,
until several years old, lack the white feathers on thehead.
BALD,Destitute of a beard or awn; as, bald wheat.
BALD-FACED,Having a white face or a white mark on the face, as a stag.
BALDACHIN,A structure in form of a canopy, sometimes supported bycolumns, and
sometimes suspended from the roof or projecting from thewall; generally placed over
an altar; as, the baldachin in St.Peter's.
BALDER,The most beautiful and beloved of the gods; the god of peace;the son of Odin
and Freya. [Written also Baldur.]
BALDERDASH,To mix or adulterate, as liquors.The wine merchants of Nice brew and
balderdash, and even mix it withpigeon's dung and quicklime. Smollett.
BALDHEAD,A white-headed variety of pigeon.
BALDHEADED,Having a bald head.
BALDLY,Nakedly; without reserve; inelegantly.
BALDNESS,The state or condition of being bald; as, baldness of the head;baldness of
style.This gives to their syntax a peculiar character of simplicity andbaldness. W.
D. Whitney.
BALDPATE,The American widgeon (Anas Americana).
BALDRIB,A piece of pork cut lower down than the sparerib, and destituteof fat.
[Eng.] Southey.
BALDRIC,A broad belt, sometimes richly ornamented, worn over oneshoulder, across
the breast, and under the opposite arm; lessproperly, any belt. [Also spelt
bawdrick.]A radiant baldric o'er his shoulder tied Sustained the sword
thatglittered at his side. Pope.
BALDWIN,A kind of reddish, moderately acid, winter apple. [U.S.]
BALE,A bundle or package of goods in a cloth cover, and corded forstorage or
transportation; also, a bundle of straw Bale of dice, apair of dice. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.
BALEARIC,Of or pertaining to the isles of Majorca, Minorca, Ivica, etc.,in the
Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Valencia. Balearic crane.(Zoöl.) See Crane.
BALEEN,Plates or blades of "whalebone," from two to twelve feet long,and sometimes
a foot wide, which in certain whales (Balænoidea) areattached side by side along
the upper jaw, and form a fringelikesieve by which the food is retained in the
mouth.
BALEFIRE,A signal fire; an alarm fire.Sweet Teviot! on thy silver tide The glaring
balefires blaze no more.Sir W. Scott.
BALEFULLY,In a baleful manner; perniciously.
BALEFULNESS,The quality or state of being baleful.
BALISAUR,A badgerlike animal of India (Arcionyx collaris).
BALISTER,A crossbow. [Obs.] Blount.
BALISTOID,Like a fish of the genus Balistes; of the family Balistidæ. SeeFilefish.
BALISTRARIA,A narrow opening, often cruciform, through which arrows mightbe
discharged.
BALIZE,A pole or a frame raised as a sea beacon or a landmark.
BALK,One of the beams connecting the successive supports of atrestle bridge or
bateau bridge.
BALKER,One who, or that which balks.
BALKINGLY,In manner to balk or frustrate.
BALKISH,Uneven; ridgy. [R.] Holinshed.
BALKY,Apt to balk; as, a balky horse.
BALL,A flaming, roundish body shot into the air; a case filled withcombustibles
intended to burst and give light or set fire, or toproduce smoke or stench; as, a
fire ball; a stink ball.
BALL-FLOWER,An ornament resembling a ball placed in a circular flower, thepetals of
which form a cup round it, -- usually inserted in a hollowmolding.
BALLAD MONGER,A seller or maker of ballads; a poetaster. Shak.
BALLAD,A popular kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation orsinging; as, the
ballad of Chevy Chase; esp., a sentimental orromantic poem in short stanzas.
BALLADE,A form of French versification, sometimes imitated in English,in which
three or four rhymes recur through three stanzas of eight orten lines each, the
stanzas concluding with a refrain, and the wholepoem with an envoy.
BALLADER,A writer of ballads.
BALLADRY,Ballad poems; the subject or style of ballads. "Base balladryis so
beloved." Drayton.
BALLARAG,To bully; to threaten. [Low] T. Warton.
BALLAST,Any heavy substance, as stone, iron, etc., put into the hold tosink a
vessel in the water to such a depth as to prevent capsizing.
BALLASTAGE,A toll paid for the privilege of taking up ballast in a port orharbor.
BALLASTING,That which is used for steadying anything; ballast.
BALLATRY,See Balladry. [Obs.] Milton.
BALLET,A light part song, or madrigal, with a fa la burden or chorus,-- most common
with the Elizabethan madrigal composers.
BALLISTA,An ancient military engine, in the form of a crossbow, used forhurling
large missiles.
BALLISTER,A crossbow. [Obs.]
BALLISTICS,The science or art of hurling missile weapons by the use of anengine.
Whewell.
BALLISTITE,A smokeless powder containing equal parts of solublenitrocellulose and
nitroglycerin.
BALLIUM,See Bailey.
BALLOON FISH,A fish of the genus Diodon or the genus Tetraodon, having thepower of
distending its body by taking air or water into itsdilatable esophagus. See
Globefish, and Bur fish.
BALLOON,A ball or globe on the top of a pillar, church, etc., as at St.Paul's, in
London. [R.]
BALLOONED,Swelled out like a balloon.
BALLOONER,One who goes up in a balloon; an aëronaut.
BALLOONING SPIDER,A spider which has the habit of rising into the air. Many
kinds( esp. species of Lycosa) do this while young by ejecting threads ofsilk until
the force of the wind upon them carries the spider aloft.
BALLOONING,The process of temporarily raising the value of a stock, as byfictitious
sales. [U.S.]
BALLOONIST,An aëronaut.
BALLOONRY,The art or practice of ascending in a balloon; aëronautics.
BALLOT,To vote or decide by ballot; as, to ballot for a candidate.
BALLOTADE,A leap of a horse, as between two pillars, or upon a straightline, so
that when his four feet are in the air, he shows only theshoes of his hind feet,
without jerking out.
BALLOTAGE,In France, a second ballot taken after an indecisive firstballot to
decide between two or several candidates.
BALLOTATION,Voting by ballot. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
BALLOTER,One who votes by ballot.
BALLOTIN,An officer who has charge of a ballot box. [Obs.] Harrington.
BALLOW,A cudgel. [Obs.] Shak.
BALLPROOF,Incapable of being penetrated by balls from firearms.
BALLROOM,A room for balls or dancing.
BALM,An aromatic plant of the genus Melissa.
BALMIFY,To render balmy. [Obs.] Cheyne.
BALMILY,In a balmy manner. Coleridge.
BALNEAL,Of or pertaining to a bath. Howell.
BALNEARY,A bathing room. Sir T. Browne.
BALNEATION,The act of bathing. [R.]
BALNEATORY,Belonging to a bath. [Obs.]
BALNEOGRAPHY,A description of baths.
BALNEOLOGY,A treatise on baths; the science of bathing.
BALNEOTHERAPY,The treatment of disease by baths.
BALOPTICON,See Projector, below.
BALOTADE,See Ballotade.
BALSA,A raft or float, used principally on the Pacific coast of SouthAmerica.
BALSAM,To treat or anoint with balsam; to relieve, as with balsam; torender
balsamic.
BALSAMATION,Having the qualities of balsam; containing, or resembling,balsam; soft;
mitigative; soothing; restorative.
BALSAMIFEROUS,Producing balsam.
BALSAMINE,The Impatiens balsamina, or garden balsam.
BALSAMOUS,Having the quality of balsam; containing balsam. "A balsamoussubstance."
Sterne.
BALTER,To stick together.[Obs.] Holland.
BALTIC,Of or pertaining to the sea which separates Norway and Swedenfrom Jutland,
Denmark, and Germany; situated on the Baltic Sea.
BALUSTER,A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an openparapet, as along
the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase,or the eaves of a building.
BALUSTERED,Having balusters. Dryden.
BALUSTRADE,A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an openparapet, as along
the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase,or the eaves of a building.
BAM,An imposition; a cheat; a hoax. Garrick.To relieve the tediumbams. Prof.
Wilson.
BAMBINO,A child or baby; esp., a representation in art of the infantChrist wrapped
in swaddling clothes.
BAMBOCCIADE,A representation of a grotesque scene from common or rusticlife.
BAMBOO,A plant of the family of grasses, and genus Bambusa, growing intropical
countries.
BAMBOOZLE,To deceive by trickery; to cajole by confusing the senses; tohoax; to
mystify; to humbug. [Colloq.] Addison.What oriental tomfoolery is bamboozling you
J. H. Newman.
BAMBOOZLER,A swindler; one who deceives by trickery. [Colloq.] Arbuthnot.
BAN,A calling together of the king's (esp. the French king's)vassals for military
service; also, the body of vassals thusassembled or summoned. In present usage, in
France and Prussia, themost effective part of the population liable to military
duty and notin the standing army.
BANAL,Commonplace; trivial; hackneyed; trite.
BANALITY,Something commonplace, hackneyed, or trivial; the commonplace,in
speech.The highest things were thus brought down to the banalities ofdiscourse. J.
Morley.
BANANA SOLUTION,A solution used as a vehicle in applying bronze pigments.
Inaddition to acetote, benzine, and a little pyroxylin, it containsamyl acetate,
which gives it the odor of bananas.
BANANA,A perennial herbaceous plant of almost treelike size (Musasapientum); also,
its edible fruit. See Musa.
BANAT,The territory governed by a ban.
BANCAL,An ornamental covering, as of carpet or leather, for a bench orform.
BANCO,A bank, especially that of Venice.
BAND FISH,A small red fish of the genus Cepola; the ribbon fish.
BAND,Two strips of linen hanging from the neck in front as part of aclerical,
legal, or academic dress.
BANDAGE,To bind, dress, or cover, with a bandage; as, to bandage theeyes.
BANDALA,A fabric made in Manilla from the older leaf sheaths of theabaca (Musa
textilis).
BANDBOX,A light box of pasteboard or thin wood, usually cylindrical,for holding
ruffs (the bands of the 17th century), collars, caps,bonnets, etc.
BANDEAU,A narrow band or fillet; a part of a head-dress.Around the edge of this cap
was a stiff bandeau of leather. Sir W.Scott.
BANDER,One banded with others. [R.]
BANDERILLA,A barbed dart carrying a banderole which the banderillerothrusts into
the neck or shoulder of the bull in a bullfight.
BANDERILLERO,One who thrusts in the banderillas in bullfighting. W. D.Howells.
BANDING PLANE,A plane used for cutting out grooves and inlaying strings andbands in
straight and circular work.
BANDIT,An outlaw; a brigand.No savage fierce, bandit, or mountaineer. Milton.
BANDLE,An Irish measure of two feet in length.
BANDLET,Same as Bandelet.
BANDMASTER,The conductor of a musical band.
BANDOG,A mastiff or other large and fierce dog, usually kept chainedor tied up.The
keeper entered leading his bandog, a large bloodhound, tied in aleam, or band, from
which he takes his name. Sir W. Scott.
BANDOLINE,A glutinous pomatum for the fair.
BANDON,Disposal; control; license. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
BANDORE,A musical stringed instrument, similar in form to a guitar; apandore.
BANDROL,Same as Banderole.
BANDY,A carriage or cart used in India, esp. one drawn by bullocks.
BANDY-LEGGED,Having crooked legs.
BANE,To be the bane of; to ruin. [Obs.] Fuller.
BANEBERRY,A genus (Actæa) of plants, of the order Ranunculaceæ, native inthe north
temperate zone. The red or white berries are poisonous.
BANEFUL,Having poisonous qualities; deadly; destructive; injurious;noxious;
pernicious. "Baneful hemlock." Garth. "Baneful wrath."Chapman.-- Bane"ful*ly, adv.
--Bane"ful*ness, n.
BANEWORT,Deadly nightshade.
BANG,To make a loud noise, as if with a blow or succession of blows;as, the window
blind banged and waked me; he was banging on thepiano.
BANGING,Huge; great in size. [Colloq.] Forby.
BANGLE,To waste by little and little; to fritter away. [Obs.]
BANIAN,The Indian fig. See Banyan. Banian days (Naut.), days in whichthe sailors
have no flesh meat served out to them. This use seems tobe borrowed from the
Banians or Banya race, who eat no flesh.
BANISHER,One who banishes.
BANISHMENT,The act of banishing, or the state of being banished.He secured himself
by the banishment of his enemies. Johnson.Round the wide world in banishment we
roam. Dryden.
BANISTER,A stringed musical instrument having a head and neck like theguitar, and
its body like a tambourine. It has five strings, and isplayed with the fingers and
hands.
BANJO,A stringed musical instrument having a head and neck like theguitar, and its
body like a tambourine. It has five strings, and isplayed with the fingers and
hands.
BANJORINE,A kind of banjo, with a short neck, tuned a fourth higher thanthe common
banjo; -- popularly so called.
BANK BOOK,A book kept by a depositor, in which an officer of a bankenters the
debits and credits of the depositor's account with thebank.
BANK DISCOUNT,A sum equal to the interest at a given rate on the principal(face) of
a bill or note from the time of discounting until itbecomes due.
BANK SWALLOW,See under 1st Bank, n.
BANK,A sort of table used by printers.
BANK-SIDED,Having sides inclining inwards, as a ship; -- opposed to wall-sided.
BANKABLE,Receivable at a bank.
BANKERESS,A female banker. Thackeray.
BANKING,The business of a bank or of a banker. Banking house, anestablishment or
office in which, or a firm by whom, banking is done.
BANKRUPT,A trader who secretes himself, or does certain other actstending to
defraud his creditors. Blackstone.
BANKSIDE,The slope of a bank, especially of the bank of a steam.
BANLIEUE,The territory without the walls, but within the legal limits,of a town or
city. Brande & C.
BANNERED,Decorated with a banner or banners "bannered host." Milton.
BANNEROL,A banderole; esp. a banner displayed at a funeral processionand set over
the tomb. See Banderole.
BANNITION,The act of expulsion.[Obs.] Abp. Laud.
BANNOCK,A kind of cake or bread, in shape flat and roundish, commonlymade of
oatmeal or barley meal and baked on an iron plate, orgriddle; -- used in Scotland
and the northern counties of England.Jamieson. Bannock fluke, the turbot. [Scot.]
BANNS,Notice of a proposed marriage, proclaimed in a church, or otherplace
prescribed by law, in order that any person may object, if heknows of just cause
why the marriage should not take place.
BANQUET,To treat with a banquet or sumptuous entertainment of food; tofeast.Just in
time to banquet The illustrious company assembled there.Coleridge.
BANQUETTE,A raised way or foot bank, running along the inside of aparapet, on which
musketeers stand to fire upon the enemy.
BANSTICKLE,A small fish, the three-spined stickleback.
BANTAM WORK,Carved and painted work in imitation of Japan ware.
BANTAM,A variety of small barnyard fowl, with feathered legs, probablybrought from
Bantam, a district of Java.
BANTENG,The wild ox of Java (Bibos Banteng).
BANTER,The act of bantering; joking or jesting; humorous or good-humored raillery;
pleasantry.Part banter, part affection. Tennyson.
BANTERER,One who banters or rallies.
BANTINGISM,A method of reducing corpulence by avoiding food containingmuch
farinaceous, saccharine, or oily matter; -- so called fromWilliam Banting of
London.
BANTLING,A young or small child; an infant. [Slightly contemptuous
ordepreciatory.]In what out of the way corners genius produces her bantlings.
W.Irving.
BANTU,A member of one of the great family of Negroid tribes occupyingequatorial and
southern Africa. These tribes include, as importantdivisions, the Kafirs, Damaras,
Bechuanas, and many tribes whosenames begin with Aba-, Ama-, Ba-, Ma-, Wa-,
variants of the Bantuplural personal prefix Aba-, as in Ba-ntu, or Aba-ntu, itself
acombination of this prefix with the syllable -ntu, a person. --Ban"tu, a.
BANXRING,An East Indian insectivorous mammal of the genus Tupaia.
BANYAN,A tree of the same genus as the common fig, and called theIndian fig (Ficus
Indica), whose branches send shoots to the ground,which take root and become
additional trunks, until it may be thetree covers some acres of ground and is able
to shelter thousands ofmen.
BANZAI,Lit., May you live ten thousand years; -- used in salutation ofthe emperor
and as a battle cry. [Japan]
BAOBAB,A gigantic African tree (Adansonia digitata), also naturalizedin India. See
Adansonia.
BAPHOMET,An idol or symbolical figure which the Templars were accused ofusing in
their mysterious rites.
BAPTISM,The act of baptizing; the application of water to a person, asa sacrament
or religious ceremony, by which he is initiated into thevisible church of Christ.
This is performed by immersion, sprinkling,or pouring.
BAPTISMAL,Pertaining to baptism; as, baptismal vows. Baptismal name, theChristian
name, which is given at baptism.
BAPTISMALLY,In a baptismal manner.
BAPTISTIC,Of or for baptism; baptismal.
BAPTISTICAL,Baptistic. [R.]
BAPTIZABLE,Capable of being baptized; fit to be baptized. Baxter.
BAPTIZATION,Baptism. [Obs.]Their baptizations were null. Jer. Taylor.
BAPTIZEMENT,The act of baptizing.[R.]
BAPTIZER,One who baptizes.
BAR IRON,See under Iron.
BAR,An ordinary, like a fess but narrower, occupying only one fifthpart of the
field.
BARACA,An international, interdenominational organization of Bibleclasses of young
men; -- so named in allusion to the Hebrew wordBerachah (Meaning blessing)
occurring in 2 Chron. xx. 26 and 1 Chron.xii.
BARAD,The pressure of one dyne per square centimeter; -- used as aunit of pressure.
BARATHEA,A soft fabric with a kind of basket weave and a diaperedpattern.
BARB,Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which markthe opening of
the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses andcattle. The name is mostly
applied when the barbs are inflamed andswollen. [Written also barbel and barble.]
BARBACAN,See Barbican.
BARBACANAGE,See Barbicanage.
BARBADIAN,Of or pertaining to Barbados.-- n.
BARBARA,The first word in certain mnemonic lines which represent thevarious forms
of the syllogism. It indicates a syllogism whose threepropositions are universal
affirmatives. Whately.
BARBARESQUE,Barbaric in form or style; as, barbaresque architecture. DeQuincey.
BARBARIAN,Of, or pertaining to, or resembling, barbarians; rude;uncivilized;
barbarous; as, barbarian governments or nations.
BARBARITY,The state or manner of a barbarian; lack of civilization.
BARBARIZE,To make barbarous.The hideous changes which have barbarized France.
Burke.
BARBAROUSLY,In a barbarous manner.
BARBAROUSNESS,The quality or state of being barbarous; barbarity; barbarism.
BARBARY,The countries on the north coast of Africa from Egypt to theAtlantic.
Hence: A Barbary horse; a barb. [Obs.] Also, a kind ofpigeon. Barbary ape (Zoöl.),
an ape (Macacus innus) of north Africaand Gibraltar Rock, being the only monkey
inhabiting Europe. It isvery commonly trained by showmen.
BARBASTEL,A European bat (Barbastellus communis), with hairy lips.
BARBATE,Bearded; beset with long and weak hairs.
BARBATED,Having barbed points.A dart uncommonly barbated. T. Warton.
BARBED,Accoutered with defensive armor; -- said of a horse. See Barded( which is
the proper form.) Sir W. Raleigh.
BARBEL,A slender tactile organ on the lips of certain fished.
BARBELLATE,Having short, stiff hairs, often barbed at the point. Gray.
BARBELLULATE,Barbellate with diminutive hairs or barbs.
BARBER FISH,See Surgeon fish.
BARBER,One whose occupation it is to shave or trim the beard, and tocut and dress
the hair of his patrons. Barber's itch. See under Itch.
BARBERMONGER,A fop. [Obs.]
BARBERRY,A shrub of the genus Berberis, common along roadsides and inneglected
fields. B. vulgaris is the species best known; its oblongred berries are made into
a preserve or sauce, and have been deemedefficacious in fluxes and fevers. The bark
dyes a fine yellow, esp.the bark of the root. [Also spelt berberry.]
BARBETTE,A mound of earth or a platform in a fortification, on whichguns are
mounted to fire over the parapet. En barbette, In barbette,said of guns when they
are elevated so as to fire over the top of aparapet, and not through embrasures.--
Barbette gun, or Barbette battery, a single gun, or a number ofguns, mounted in
barbette, or partially protected by a parapet orturret.-- Barbette carriage, a gun
carriage which elevates gunssufficiently to be in barbette. [See Illust. of
Casemate.]
BARBICEL,One of the small hooklike processes on the barbules offeathers.
BARBIERS,A variety of paralysis, peculiar to India and the Malabarcoast; --
considered by many to be the same as beriberi in chronicform.
BARBIGEROUS,Having a beard; bearded; hairy.
BARBITON,An ancient Greek instrument resembling a lyre.
BARBITURIC ACID,A white, crystalline substance,
BARBLE,See Barbel.
BARBOTINE,A paste of clay used in decorating coarse pottery in relief.
BARBRE,Barbarian. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BARBULE,One of the processes along the edges of the barbs of a feather,by which
adjacent barbs interlock. See Feather.
BARCON,A vessel for freight; -- used in Mediterranean.
BARD,Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.
BARDED,Wearing rich caparisons.Fifteen hundred men . . . barded and richly trapped.
Stow.
BARDIC,Of or pertaining to bards, or their poetry. "The bardic lays ofancient
Greece." G. P. Marsh.
BARDIGLIO,An Italian marble of which the principal varieties occur in
theneighborhood of Carrara and in Corsica. It commonly shows a dark grayor bluish
ground traversed by veins.
BARDISH,Pertaining to, or written by, a bard or bards. "Bardishimpostures." Selden.
BARDISM,The system of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.
BARDLING,An inferior bard. J. Cunningham.
BARDSHIP,The state of being a bard.
BARE,That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate,which is exposed
to the weather.
BAREBACK,On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; as, toride bareback.
BAREBACKED,Having the back uncovered; as, a barebacked horse.
BAREBONE,A very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin.Shak.
BAREFACEDLY,Openly; shamelessly. Locke.
BAREFACEDNESS,The quality of being barefaced; shamelessness;
assurance;audaciousness.
BAREFOOT,With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.
BAREFOOTED,Having the feet bare.
BAREGE,A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of worsted,silk and
worsted, or cotton and worsted.
BAREHANDED,Having bare hands.
BARELEGGED,Having the legs bare.
BARENECKED,Having the neck bare.
BARENESS,The state of being bare.
BARESARK,A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought without armor, orshirt of mail.
Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail or armor.
BARFISH,Same as Calico bass.
BARFUL,Full of obstructions. [Obs.] Shak.
BARGAIN,To make a bargain; to make a contract for the exchange ofproperty or
services; -- followed by with and for; as, to bargainwith a farmer for a cow.So
worthless peasants bargain for their wives. Shak.
BARGAINEE,The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to receive, theproperty
sold. Blackstone.
BARGAINER,One who makes a bargain; -- sometimes in the sense ofbargainor.
BARGAINOR,One who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., onewho sells,
or contracts to sell, property to another. Blackstone.
BARGEBOARD,A vergeboard.
BARGECOURSE,A part of the tiling which projects beyond the principalrafters, in
buildings where there is a gable. Gwilt.
BARGEE,A bargeman. [Eng.]
BARGEMAN,The man who manages a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.
BARGEMASTTER,The proprietor or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of abarge.
BARGER,The manager of a barge. [Obs.]
BARGHEST,A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune.[Also written
barguest.]
BARIA,Baryta.
BARIC,Of or pertaining to barium; as, baric oxide.
BARILLA,A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda ismade, by
burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.
BARILLET,A little cask, or something resembling one. Smart.
BARITE,Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent,colorless,
white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also ingranular form, and in compact
massive forms resembling marble. It hasa high specific gravity, and hence is often
called heavy spar. It isa common mineral in metallic veins.
BARITONE,See Barytone.
BARIUM,One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; ametal having a
silver-white color, and melting at a very hightemperature. It is difficult to
obtain the pure metal, from thefacility with which it becomes oxidized in the air.
Atomic weight,137. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta. [Rarely written barytum.]
BARK BEETLE,A small beetle of many species (family Scolytidæ), which in thelarval
state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing greatdamage.
BARK LOUSE,An insect of the family Coccidæ, which infests the bark oftrees and
vines.
BARK,The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similarsound made by some
other animals.
BARKANTINE,Same as Barkentine.
BARKBOUND,Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.
BARKEEPER,One who keeps or tends a bar for the sale of liquors.
BARKEN,Made of bark. [Poetic] Whittier.
BARKENTINE,A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, andthe others
schooner-rigged. [Spelled also barquentine, barkantine,etc.] See Illust. in Append.
BARKER,The spotted redshank.
BARKERY,A tanhouse.
BARKLESS,Destitute of bark.
BARKY,Covered with, or containing, bark. "The barky fingers of theelm." Shak.
BARLEY,A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus Hordeum, usedfor food, and
for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, andwhisky. Barley bird (Zoöl.),
the siskin.-- Barley sugar, sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with
adecoction of barley) and candied.-- Barley water, a decoction of barley, used in
medicine, as anutritive and demulcent.
BARLEY-BREE,Liquor made from barley; strong ale. [Humorous] [Scot.] Burns.
BARM,Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting,and used as
leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast. Shak.
BARMAID,A girl or woman who attends the customers of a bar, as in atavern or
beershop.A bouncing barmaid. W. Irving.
BARMASTER,Formerly, a local judge among miners; now, an officer of thebarmote.
[Eng.]
BARMCLOTH,Apron. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BARMECIDAL,Unreal; illusory. "A sort of Barmecidal feast." Hood.
BARMECIDE,One who proffers some illusory advantage or benefit. Also usedas an adj.:
Barmecidal. "A Barmecide feast." Dickens.
BARMOTE,A court held in Derbyshire, in England, for decidingcontroversies between
miners. Blount.
BARMY,Full of barm or froth; in a ferment. "Barmy beer." Dryden.
BARN,A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, andother productions
of a farm. In the United States a part of the barnis often used for stables. Barn
owl (Zoöl.), an owl of Europe andAmerica (Aluco flammeus, or Strix flammea), which
frequents barns andother buildings.-- Barn swallow (Zoöl.), the common American
swallow (Hirundohorreorum), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and
raftersof barns.
BARNABITE,A member of a religious order, named from St. Barnabas.
BARNACLE,Any cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber,ships, etc.,
esp. (a) the sessile species (genus Balanus and allies),and (b) the stalked or
goose barnacles (genus Lepas and allies). SeeCirripedia, and Goose barnacle.
Barnacle eater (Zoöl.), the orangefilefish.-- Barnacle scale (Zoöl.), a bark louse
(Ceroplastescirripediformis) of the orange and quince trees in Florida. Thefemale
scale curiously resembles a sessile barnacle in form.
BARNBURNER,A member of the radical section of the Democratic party in NewYork,
about the middle of the 19th century, which was hostile toextension of slavery,
public debts, corporate privileges, etc., andsupported Van Buren against Cass for
president in 1848; --opposed toHunker. [Political Cant, U. S.]
BARNSTORMER,An itinerant theatrical player who plays in barns when atheatre is
lacking; hence, an inferior actor, or one who plays in thecountry away from the
larger cities. --Barn"storm`ing, n. [TheatricalCant]
BARNYARD,A yard belonging to a barn.
BAROCCO,See Baroque.
BAROCYCLONOMETER,An aneroid barometer for use with accompanying graphic diagramsand
printed directions designed to aid mariners to interpret theindications of the
barometer so as to determine the existence of aviolent storm at a distance of
several hundred miles.
BAROGRAM,A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphicallythe
variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time.
BAROGRAPH,An instrument for recording automatically the variations ofatmospheric
pressure.
BAROKO,A form or mode of syllogism of which the first proposition is auniversal
affirmative, and the other two are particular negative.
BAROLOGY,The science of weight or gravity.
BAROMACROMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of anewborn
infant.
BAROMETER,An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of theatmosphere,
and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather,or for ascertaining the
height of any ascent.
BAROMETRICALLY,By means of a barometer, or according to barometricobservations.
BAROMETROGRAPH,A form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itselfupon
paper a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.
BAROMETRY,The art or process of making barometrical measurements.
BAROMETZ,The woolly-skinned rhizoma or rootstock of a fern (Dicksoniabarometz),
which, when specially prepared and inverted, somewhatresembles a lamb; -- called
also Scythian lamb.
BARON,A husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife. [R.] Cowell.Baron of beef,
two sirloins not cut asunder at the backbone.-- Barons of the Cinque Ports,
formerly members of the House ofCommons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for
each port.-- Baron of the exchequer, the judges of the Court of Exchequer, oneof
the three ancient courts of England, now abolished.
BARONESS,A baron's wife; also, a lady who holds the baronial title inher own right;
as, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.
BARONET,A dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above aknight, having
precedency of all orders of knights except those ofthe Garter. It is the lowest
degree of honor that is hereditary. Thebaronets are commoners.
BARONETCY,The rank or patent of a baronet.
BARONG,A kind of cutting weapon with a thick back and thin razorlikeedge, used by
the Moros of the Philippine Islands.
BARONIAL,Pertaining to a baron or a barony. "Baronial tenure." Hallam.
BAROQUE,In bad taste; grotesque; odd.
BAROSCOPE,Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of theatmosphere; also,
less appropriately, any instrument that indicates -or foreshadows changes of the
weather, as a deep vial of liquidholding in suspension some substance which rises
and falls withatmospheric changes.
BAROTHERMOGRAPH,An instrument for recording both pressure and temperature, asof the
atmosphere.
BAROUCHE,A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on theoutside for the
driver, and two double seats on the inside arrangedso that the sitters on the front
seat face those on the back seat.
BAROUCHET,A kind of light barouche.
BARPOST,A post sunk in the ground to receive the bars closing a passageinto a
field.
BARQUE,Same as 3d Bark, n.
BARRACAN,A thick, strong stuff, somewhat like camlet; -- still used forouter
garments in the Levant.
BARRACK,A building for soldiers, especially when in garrison. Commonlyin the pl.,
originally meaning temporary huts, but now usuallyapplied to a permanent structure
or set of buildings.He lodged in a miserable hut or barrack, composed of dry
branches andthatched with straw. Gibbon.
BARRACLADE,A home-made woolen blanket without nap. [Local, New York]Bartlett.
BARRACOON,A slave warehouse, or an inclosure where slaves are quarteredtemporarily.
Du Chaillu.
BARRAGE,An artificial bar or obstruction placed in a river or watercourse to
increase the depth of water; as, the barrages of the Nile.
BARRANCA,A ravine caused by heavy rains or a watercourse. [Texas & N.Mex.]
BARRAS,A resin, called also galipot.
BARRATOR,One guilty of barratry.
BARRATROUS,Tainter with, or constituting, barratry.-- Bar"ra*trous*ly, adv. Kent.
BARRATRY,The practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.[Also spelt
barretry.] Coke. Blackstone.
BARRED OWL,A large American owl (Syrnium nebulosum); -- so called from
thetransverse bars of a dark brown color on the breast.
BARREL PROCESS,A process of extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in
arevolving barrel, or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution,or other
reagent.
BARREL,The hollow basal part of a feather. Barrel bulk (Com.), ameasure equal to
five cubic feet, used in estimating capacity, as ofa vessel for freight.-- Barrel
drain (Arch.), a drain in the form of a cylindrical tube.-- Barrel of a boiler, the
cylindrical part of a boiler, containingthe flues.-- Barrel of the ear (Anat.), the
tympanum, or tympanic cavity.-- Barrel organ, an instrument for producing music by
the action ofa revolving cylinder.-- Barrel vault. See under Vault.
BARREN,Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but nottimber; as, pine
barrens; oak barrens. They are not necessarilysterile, and are often fertile.
[Amer.] J. Pickering.
BARRENLY,Unfruitfully; unproductively.
BARRENNESS,The condition of being barren; sterility; unproductiveness.A total
barrenness of invention. Dryden.
BARRENWORT,An herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (Epimedium alpinum),having
leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.
BARRET,A kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also barretcap. Also, the
flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.
BARRETTER,A thermal cymoscope which operates by increased resistance whensubjected
to the influence of electric waves. The original formconsisted of an extremely fine
platinum wire loop attached toterminals and inclosed in a small glass or silver
bulb. In a latervariety, called the liquid barretter, wire is replace by a column
ofliquid in a very fine capillary tube.
BARRICADE,A fortification, made in haste, of trees, earth, palisades,wagons, or
anything that will obstruct the progress or attack of anenemy. It is usually an
obstruction formed in streets to block anenemy's access.
BARRICADER,One who constructs barricades.
BARRICADO,See Barricade. Shak.
BARRIER,A carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in apassage in
order to stop an enemy.
BARRIGUDO,A large, dark-colored, South American monkey, of the genusLagothrix,
having a long prehensile tail.
BARRINGOUT,The act of closing the doors of a schoolroom against aschoolmaster; -- a
boyish mode of rebellion in schools. Swift.
BARRIO,In Spain and countries colonized by Spain, a village, ward, ordistrict
outside a town or city to whose jurisdiction it belongs.
BARRISTER,Counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at the bar, andundertake
the public trial of causes, as distinguished from anattorney or solicitor. See
Attorney. [Eng.]
BARROOM,A room containing a bar or counter at which liquors are sold.
BARROW,A wicker case, in which salt is put to drain.
BARROWIST,A follower of Henry Barrowe, one of the founders ofIndependency or
Congregationalism in England. Barrowe was executedfor nonconformity in 1953.
BARRULET,A diminutive of the bar, having one fourth its width.
BARRULY,Traversed by barrulets or small bars; -- said of the field.
BARRY,, Divided into bars; -- said of the field.
BARSE,The common perch. See 1st Bass. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
BARTENDER,A barkeeper.
BARTER,To traffic or trade, by exchanging one commodity for another,in distinction
from a sale and purchase, in which money is paid forthe commodities transferred; to
truck.
BARTERER,One who barters.
BARTERY,Barter. [Obs.] Camden.
BARTH,A place of shelter for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
BARTHOLOMEW TIDE,Time of the festival of St. Bartholomew, August 24th. Shak.
BARTIZAN,A small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense, usuallyprojecting
at an angle of a building or near an entrance gateway.
BARTLETT,A Bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated inEngland about
1770, and was called Williams' Bonchrétien. It wasbrought to America, and
distributed by Mr. Enoch Bartlett, ofDorchester, Massachusetts.
BARTRAM,See Bertram. Johnson.
BARWAY,A passage into a field or yard, closed by bars made to take outof the posts.
BARWISE,Horizontally.
BARWOOD,A red wood of a leguminous tree (Baphia nitida), from Angolaand the Gaboon
in Africa. It is used as a dyewood, and also forramrods, violin bows and turner's
work.
BARYCENTRIC,Of or pertaining to the center of gravity. See Barycentriccalculus,
under Calculus.
BARYPHONY,Difficulty of speech.
BARYSPHERE,The heavy interior portion of the earth, within thelithosphere.
BARYTA,An oxide of barium (or barytum); a heavy earth with a specificgravity above
4.
BARYTES,Barium sulphate, generally called heavy spar or barite. SeeBarite.
BARYTIC,Of or pertaining to baryta.
BARYTO-CALCITE,A mineral of a white or gray color, occurring massive
orcrystallized. It is a compound of the carbonates of barium andcalcium.
BARYTUM,The metal barium. See Barium. [R.]
BAS-RELIEF,Low relief; sculpture, the figures of which project less thanhalf of
their true proportions; -- called also bassrelief and basso-rilievo. See Alto-
rilievo.
BASAL,Relating to, or forming, the base. Basal cleavage. See underCleavage.-- Basal
plane (Crystallog.), one parallel to the lateral orhorizontal axis.
BASAL-NERVED,Having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of leaves.
BASALT,A rock of igneous origin, consisting of augite and triclinicfeldspar, with
grains of magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle-green particles of olivine
frequently disseminated.
BASALTIC,Pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing, basalt; asbasaltic lava.
BASALTIFORM,In the form of basalt; columnar.
BASALTOID,Formed like basalt; basaltiform.
BASAN,Same as Basil, a sheepskin.
BASANITE,Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flintyslate, of a
grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test thepurity of gold, the amount
of alloy being indicated by the color lefton the stone when rubbed by the metal.
BASBLEU,A bluestocking; a literary woman. [Somewhat derisive]
BASCINET,A light helmet, at first open, but later made with a visor.[Written also
basinet, bassinet, basnet.]
BASCULE,In mechanics an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, inwhich one end
rises as the other falls. Bascule bridge, acounterpoise or balanced drawbridge,
which is opened by sinking thecounterpoise and thus lifting the footway into the
air.
BASE VIOL,See Bass viol.
BASE,Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate, one held byservices not
honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is calledbase, or low, and the tenant,
a base tenant. Base fee, formerly, anestate held at the will of the lord; now, a
qualified fee. See noteunder Fee, n., 4.-- Base metal. See under Metal.
BASE-BURNER,A furnace or stove in which the fuel is contained in a hopperor
chamber, and is fed to the fire as the lower stratum is consumed.
BASE-COURT,An inferior court of law, not of record.
BASEBOARD,A board, or other woodwork, carried round the walls of a roomand touching
the floor, to form a base and protect the plastering; --also called washboard (in
England), mopboard, and scrubboard.
BASED,Wearing, or protected by, bases. [Obs.] "Based in lawnyvelvet." E. Hall.
BASELARD,A short sword or dagger, worn in the fifteenth century.[Written also
baslard.] Fairholt.
BASELESS,Without a base; having no foundation or support. "The baselessfabric of
this vision." Shak.
BASEMENT,The outer wall of the ground story of a building, or of a partof that
story, when treated as a distinct substructure. ( See Base,n., 3 (a).) Hence: The
rooms of a ground floor, collectively.Basement membrane (Anat.), a delicate
membrane composed of a singlelayer of flat cells, forming the substratum upon
which, in manyorgans, the epithelioid cells are disposed.
BASENESS,The quality or condition of being base; degradation; vileness.I once did
hold it a baseness to write fair. Shak.
BASENET,See Bascinet. [Obs.]
BASH,To abash; to disconcert or be disconcerted or put out ofcountenance. [Obs.]His
countenance was bold and bashed not. Spenser.
BASHAW,A very large siluroid fish (Leptops olivaris) of theMississippi valley; --
also called goujon, mud cat, and yellow cat.
BASHFULLY,In a bashful manner.
BASHFULNESS,The quality of being bashful.
BASHI-BAZOUK,A soldier belonging to the irregular troops of the Turkisharmy.
BASHLESS,Shameless; unblushing. [Obs.] Spenser.
BASHYLE,See Basyle.
BASI-,A combining form, especially in anatomical and botanical words,to indicate
the base or position at or near a base; forming a base;as, basibranchials, the most
ventral of the cartilages or bones ofthe branchial arches; basicranial, situated at
the base of thecranium; basifacial, basitemporal, etc.
BASIC PROCESS,A Bessemer or open-hearth steel-making process in which alining that
is basic, or not siliceous, is used, and additions ofbasic material are made to the
molten charge during treatment.Opposed to acid process, above. Called also Thomas
process.
BASIC SLAG,A by-product from the manufacture of steel by the basicprocess, used as
a fertilizer. It is rich in lime and contains 14 to20 per cent of phosphoric acid.
Called also Thomas slag, phosphaticslag, and odorless phosphate.
BASIC STEEL,Steel produced by the basic process.
BASIC,Said of crystalline rocks which contain a relatively lowpercentage of silica,
as basalt. Basic salt (Chem.), a salt formedfrom a base or hydroxide by the partial
replacement of its hydrogenby a negative or acid element or radical.
BASICERITE,The second joint of the antennæ of crustaceans.
BASIDIOMYCETES,A large subdivision of fungi coördinate with the
Ascomycetes,characterized by having the spores borne on a basidium. It
embracesthose fungi best known to the public, such as mushrooms, toadstools,etc.
BASIDIOSPORE,A spore borne by a basidium.-- Ba*sid`i*o*spor"ous (, a.
BASIDIUM,A special oblong or pyriform cell, with slender branches, whichbears the
spores in that division of fungi called Basidiomycetes, ofwhich the common mushroom
is an example.
BASIFIER,That which converts into a salifiable base.
BASIFUGAL,Tending or proceeding away from the base; as, a basifugalgrowth.
BASIFY,To convert into a salifiable base.
BASIGYNIUM,The pedicel on which the ovary of certain flowers, as thepassion flower,
is seated; a carpophore or thecaphore.
BASIHYAL,Noting two small bones, forming the body of the inverted hyoidarch.
BASIHYOID,The central tongue bone.
BASIL,The slope or angle to which the cutting edge of a tool, as aplane, is ground.
Grier.
BASILIC,Basilica.
BASILICA,Originally, the place of a king; but afterward, an apartmentprovided in
the houses of persons of importance, where assemblieswere held for dispensing
justice; and hence, any large hall used forthis purpose.
BASILICAN,Of, relating to, or resembling, a basilica; basilical.There can be no
doubt that the first churches in Constantinople werein the basilican form. Milman.
BASILICOK,The basilisk. [Obs.] Chaucer
BASILICON,An ointment composed of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oil, lard,or other
fatty substance.
BASILISK,A lizard of the genus Basiliscus, belonging to the familyIguanidæ.
BASIN,An isolated or circumscribed formation, particularly where thestrata dip
inward, on all sides, toward a center; -- especiallyapplied to the coal formations,
called coal basins or coal fields.
BASINED,Inclosed in a basin. "Basined rivers." Young.
BASINET,Same as Bascinet.
BASIOCCIPITAL,Of or pertaining to the bone in the base of the cranium,frequently
forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but usuallydistinct in the young.--
n.
BASION,The middle of the anterior margin of the great foramen of theskull.
BASIPODITE,The basal joint of the legs of Crustacea.
BASIPTERYGIUM,A bar of cartilage at the base of the embryonic fins of somefishes.
It develops into the metapterygium.-- Ba*sip`ter*yg"i*al (, a.
BASIPTERYGOID,Applied to a protuberance of the base of the sphenoid bone.
BASISOLUTE,Prolonged at the base, as certain leaves.
BASISPHENOID,The basisphenoid bone.
BASK,To lie in warmth; to be exposed to genial heat.Basks in the glare, and stems
the tepid wave. Goldsmith.
BASKET BALL,A game, usually played indoors, in which two parties of playerscontest
with each other to toss a large inflated ball into oppositegoals resembling
baskets.
BASKET,The bell or vase of the Corinthian capital. [Improperly soused.] Gwilt.
BASKETFUL,As much as a basket will contain.
BASKETRY,The art of making baskets; also, baskets, taken collectively.
BASKING SHARK,One of the largest species of sharks (Cetorhinus maximus), socalled
from its habit of basking in the sun; the liver shark, or boneshark. It inhabits
the northern seas of Europe and America, and growsto a length of more than forty
feet. It is a harmless species.
BASNET,Same as Bascinet.
BASOMMATOPHORA,A group of Pulmonifera having the eyes at the base of thetentacles,
including the common pond snails.
BASON,A basin. [Obs. or Special form]
BASQUE,Pertaining to Biscay, its people, or their language.
BASQUISH,Pertaining to the country, people, or language of Biscay;Basque [Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
BASS DRUM,The largest of the different kinds of drums, having two heads,and
emitting a deep, grave sound. See Bass, a.
BASS HORN,A modification of the bassoon, much deeper in tone.
BASS VIOL,A stringed instrument of the viol family, used for playingbass. See 3d
Bass, n., and Violoncello.
BASS,; pl. Bass, and sometimes Basses. Etym: [A corruption ofbarse.] (Zoöl.)
BASS-RELIEF,Some as Bas-relief.
BASSET HORN,An instrument blown with a reed, and resembling a clarinet, butof much
greater compass, embracing nearly four octaves.
BASSET HOUND,A small kind of hound with a long body and short legs, used asan earth
dog.
BASSET,A game at cards, resembling the modern faro, said to have beeninvented at
Venice.Some dress, some dance, some play, not to forget Your piquet parties,and
your dear basset. Rowe.
BASSETING,The upward direction of a vein in a mine; the emergence of astratum at
the surface.
BASSETTO,A tenor or small bass viol.
BASSOCK,A hassock. See 2d Bass, 2.
BASSOON,A wind instrument of the double reed kind, furnished withholes, which are
stopped by the fingers, and by keys, as in flutes.It forms the natural bass to the
oboe, clarinet, etc.
BASSOONIST,A performer on the bassoon. Busby.
BASSORIN,A constituent part of a species of gum from Bassora, as also ofgum
tragacanth and some gum resins. It is one of the amyloses. Ure.
BASSWOOD,The bass (Tilia) or its wood; especially, T. Americana. SeeBass, the lime
tree.All the bowls were made of basswood, White and polished verysmoothly.
Longfellow.
BASTA,Enough; stop. Shak.
BASTARD,Abbreviated, as the half title in a page preceding the fulltitle page of a
book. Bastard ashlar (Arch.), stones for ashlar work,roughly squared at the
quarry.-- Bastard file, a file intermediate between the coarsest and thesecond
cut.-- Bastard type (Print.), type having the face of a larger or asmaller size
than the body; e.g., a nonpareil face on a brevier body.-- Bastard wing (Zoöl.),
three to five quill feathers on a smalljoint corresponding to the thumb in some mam
malia; the alula.
BASTARDISM,The state of being a bastard; bastardy.
BASTARDLY,Bastardlike; baseborn; spuripous; corrupt. [Obs.] -- adv.
BASTE,To sprinkle flour and salt and drip butter or fat on, as onmeat in roasting.
BASTINADE,See Bastinado, n.
BASTINADO,To beat with a stick or cudgel, especially on the soles of thefeet.
BASTION,A work projecting outward from the main inclosure of afortification,
consisting of two faces and two flanks, and soconstructed that it is able to defend
by a flanking fire the adjacentcurtain, or wall which extends from one bastion to
another. Twoadjacent bastions are connected by the curtain, which joins the flankof
one with the adjacent flank of the other. The distance between theflanks of a
bastion is called the gorge. A lunette is a detachedbastion. See Ravelin.
BASTIONED,Furnished with a bastion; having bastions.
BASTO,The ace of clubs in qua Pope.
BASTON,See Baton.
BASUTOS,A warlike South African people of the Bantu stock, divided intomany tribes,
subject to the English. They formerly practicedcannibalism, but have now adopted
many European customs.
BASYLE,A positive or nonacid constituent of compound, eitherelementary, or, if
compound, performing the functions of an element.
BASYLOUS,Pertaining to, or having the nature of, a basyle; electro-positive; basic;
-- opposed to chlorous. Graham.
BAT PRINTING,A mode of printing on glazed ware.
BAT,Shale or bituminous shale. Kirwan.
BATABLE,Disputable. [Obs.]
BATAILLED,Embattled. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BATARDEAU,A wall built across the ditch of a fortification, with a sluicegate to
regulate the height of water in the ditch on both sides ofthe wall.
BATAVIAN,Of or pertaining to (a) the Batavi, an ancient Germanic tribe;or to (b)
as, a Batavian legion. Batavian Republic, the name given toHolland by the French
after its conquest in 1795.
BATE,Strife; contention. [Obs.] Shak.
BATEAU,A boat; esp. a flat-bottomed, clumsy boat used on the Canadianlakes and
rivers. [Written also, but less properly, batteau.] Bateaubridge, a floating bridge
supported by bateaux.
BATED,Reduced; lowered; restrained; as, to speak with bated breath.Macaulay.
BATEFUL,Exciting contention; contentious. [Obs.] "It did batefulquestion frame. "
Sidney.
BATELESS,Not to be abated. [Obs.] Shak.
BATEMENT,Abatement; diminution. Moxon. Batement light (Arch.), a windowor one
division of a window having vertical sides, but with the sillnot horizontal, as
where it follows the rake of a staircase.
BATFISH,A name given to several species of fishes: (a) The Malthevespertilio of the
Atlantic coast. (b) The flying gurnard of theAtlantic (Cephalacanthus spinarella).
(c) The California batfish orsting ray (Myliobatis Californicus.)
BATFOWLER,One who practices or finds sport in batfowling.
BATFOWLING,A mode of catching birds at night, by holding a torch or otherlight, and
beating the bush or perch where they roost. The birds,flying to the light, are
caught with nets or otherwise.
BATFUL,Rich; fertile. [Obs.] "Batful valleys." Drayton.
BATH,A medium, as heated sand, ashes, steam, hot air, through whichheat is applied
to a body.
BATHE,The immersion of the body in water; as to take one's usualbathe. Edin. Rev.
BATHER,One who bathes.
BATHETIC,Having the character of bathos. [R.]
BATHING,Act of taking a bath or baths. Bathing machine, a small room onwheels, to
be driven into the water, for the convenience of bathers,who undress and dress
therein.
BATHMISM,See Vital force.
BATHOMETER,An instrument for measuring depths, esp. one for takingsoundings without
a sounding line.
BATHORSE,A horse which carries an officer's baggage during a campaign.
BATHOS,A ludicrous descent from the elevated to the low, in writing orspeech;
anticlimax.
BATHYBIUS,A name given by Prof. Huxley to a gelatinous substance found inmud
dredged from the Atlantic and preserved in alcohol. He supposedthat it was free
living protoplasm, covering a large part of theocean bed. It is now known that the
substance is of chemical, not oforganic, origin.
BATHYGRAPHIC,Descriptive of the ocean depth; as, a bathygraphic chart.
BATHYMETRY,The art or science of sounding, or measuring depths in the sea.
BATING,With the exception of; excepting.We have little reason to think that they
bring many ideas with them,bating some faint ideas of hunger and thirst. Locke.
BATISTE,Originally, cambric or lawn of fine linen; now applied also tocloth of
similar texture made of cotton.
BATLET,A short bat for beating clothes in washing them; -- called alsobatler,
batling staff, batting staff. Shak.
BATMAN,A weight used in the East, varying according to the locality;in Turkey, the
greater batman is about 157 pounds, the lesser only afourth of this; at Aleppo and
Smyrna, the batman is 17 pounds.Simmonds.
BATOIDEI,The division of fishes which includes the rays and skates.
BATON,An ordinary with its ends cut off, borne sinister as a mark ofbastardy, and
containing one fourth in breadth of the bend sinister;-- called also bastard bar.
See Bend sinister.
BATOON,See Baton, and Baston.
BATRACHIA,The order of amphibians which includes the frogs and toads; theAnura.
Sometimes the word is used in a wider sense as equivalent toAmphibia.
BATRACHIAN,Pertaining to the Batrachia.-- n.
BATRACHOID,Froglike. Specifically: Of or pertaining to the Batrachidæ, afamily of
marine fishes, including the toadfish. Some have poisonousdorsal spines.
BATRACHOMYOMACHY,The battle between the frogs and mice; -- a Greek parody on
theIliad, of uncertain authorship.
BATRACHOPHAGOUS,Feeding on frogs. Quart. Rev.
BATSMAN,The one who wields the bat in cricket, baseball, etc.
BATTA,Extra pay; esp. an extra allowance to an English officerserving in India.
Whitworth.
BATTABLE,Capable of culti [Obs.] Burton.
BATTAILANT,Prepared for battle; combatant; warlike. Spenser.-- n.
BATTAILOUS,Arrayed for battle; fit or eager for battle; warlike. [Obs.]"In
battailous aspect." Milton.
BATTALION,A regiment, or two or more companies of a regiment, esp. whenassembled
for drill or battle.
BATTEL,A single combat; as, trial by battel. See Wager of battel,under Wager.
BATTEN,To grow fat; to grow fat in ease and luxury; to glut one'sself. Dryden.The
pampered monarch lay battening in ease. Garth.Skeptics, with a taste for carrion,
who batten on the hideous factsin history, -- persecutions, inquisitions. Emerson.
BATTENING,Furring done with small pieces nailed directly upon the wall.
BATTER,To flatten (metal) by hammering, so as to compress it inwardlyand spread it
outwardly.
BATTERER,One who, or that which, batters.
BATTERING TRAIN,A train of artillery for siege operations.
BATTERING-RAM,1. (Mil.) An engine used in ancient times to beat down thewalls of
besieged places.
BATTERY,The unlawful beating of another. It includes every willful,angry and
violent, or negligent touching of another's person orclothes, or anything attached
to his person or held by him.
BATTLE RANGE,The range within which the fire of small arms is verydestructive. With
the magazine rifle, this is six hundred yards.
BATTLE SHIP,An armor-plated man-of-war built of steel and heavily armed,generally
having from ten thousand to fifteen thousand tonsdisplacement, and intended to be
fit to meet the heaviest ships inline of battle.
BATTLE,Fertile. See Battel, a. [Obs.]
BATTLED,Embattled. [Poetic] Tennyson.
BATTLEDOOR,A child's hornbook. [Obs.] Halliwell.
BATTLEMENTED,Having battlements.A battlemented portal. Sir W. Scott.
BATTOLOGIST,One who battologizes.
BATTOLOGIZE,To keep repeating needlessly; to iterate. Sir T. Herbert.
BATTOLOGY,A needless repetition of words in speaking or writing. Milton.
BATTON,See Batten, and Baton.
BATTURE,An elevated river bed or sea bed.
BATTUTA,The measuring of time by beating.
BATTY,Belonging to, or resembling, a bat. "Batty wings." Shak.
BATULE,A springboard in a circus or gymnasium; -- called also batuleboard.
BATZ,A small copper coin, with a mixture of silver, formerly currentin some parts
of Germany and Switzerland. It was worth about fourcents.
BAUBEE,Same as Bawbee.
BAUBLING,, a. See Bawbling. [Obs.]
BAUDEKIN,The richest kind of stuff used in garments in the Middle Ages,the web
being gold, and the woof silk, with embroidery : -- madeoriginally at Bagdad.
[Spelt also baudkin, baudkyn, bawdekin, andbaldakin.] Nares.
BAUDRICK,A belt. See Baldric.
BAUME,Designating or conforming to either of the scales used by theFrench chemist
Antoine Baumé in the graduation of his hydrometers; ofor relating to Baumé's scales
or hydrometers. There are two Bauméhydrometers. One, which is used with liquids
heavier than water,sinks to 0º in pure water, and to 15º in a 15 per cent salt
solution;the other, for liquids lighter than water, sinks to 0º in a 10 percent
salt solution and to 10º in pure water. In both cases thegraduation, based on the
distance between these fundamental points,is continued along the stem as far as
desired. Since all the degreeson a Baumé scale are thus equal in length, while
those on a specific-gravity scale grow smaller as the density increases, there is
nosimple relation between degrees Bé. and Sp. gr. However, readings onBaumés scale
may be approximately reduced to specific gravities bythe following formulæ (x in
each case being the reading on Baumé'sscale) : (a) for liquids heavier than water,
sp. gr. = 144 ÷ (144 -x);(b) for liquids lighter than water, sp. gr. = 144 ÷ (134 +
x).
BAUNSCHEIDTISM,A form of acupuncture, followed by the rubbing of the part witha
stimulating fluid.
BAVARDAGE,Much talking; prattle; chatter. Byron.
BAVARIAN,Of or pertaining to Bavaria.-- n.
BAVAROY,A kind of cloak or surtout. [Obs.] Johnson.Let the looped bavaroy the fop
embrace. Gay.
BAVIAN,A baboon.
BAWBEE,A halfpenny. [Spelt also baubee.] [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
BAWBLE,A trinket. See Bauble.
BAWBLING,Insignificant; contemptible. [Obs.]
BAWCOCK,A fine fellow; -- a term of endearment. [Obs.] "How now, mybawcock " Shak.
BAWD,A person who keeps a house of prostitution, or procures womenfor a lewd
purpose; a procurer or procuress; a lewd person; --usually applied to a woman.
BAWDILY,Obscenely; lewdly.
BAWDINESS,Obscenity; lewdness.
BAWDRICK,A belt. See Baldric.
BAWDYHOUSE,A house of prostitution; a house of ill fame; a brothel.
BAWHORSE,Same as Bathorse.
BAWL,To proclaim with a loud voice, or by outcry, as a hawker ortown-crier does.
Swift.
BAWLER,One who bawls.
BAWREL,A kind of hawk. [Obs.] Halliwell.
BAXTER,A baker; originally, a female baker. [Old Eng. & Scotch]
BAY ICE,See under Ice.
BAY LEAF,See under 3d Bay.
BAY RUM,A fragrant liquid, used for cosmetic and medicinal purposes.
BAY SALT,Salt which has been obtained from sea water, by evaporation inshallow pits
or basins, by the heat of the sun; the large crystallinesalt of commerce. Bacon.
Ure.
BAY STATE,Massachusetts, which had been called the Colony ofMassachusetts Bay; -- a
nickname.
BAY TREE,A species of laurel. (Laurus nobilis).
BAY WINDOW,A window forming a bay or recess in a room, and projectingoutward from
the wall, either in a rectangular, polygonal, orsemicircular form; -- often
corruptly called a bow window.
BAY YARN,Woolen yarn. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
BAY,Reddish brown; of the color of a chestnut; -- applied to thecolor of horses.
Bay cat (Zoöl.), a wild cat of Africa and the EastIndies (Felis aurata).-- Bay lynx
(Zoöl.), the common American lynx (Felis, or Lynx,rufa).
BAY-ANTLER,The second tine of a stag's horn. See under Antler.
BAYA,The East Indian weaver bird (Ploceus Philippinus).
BAYADERE,A female dancer in the East Indies. [Written also bajadere.]
BAYAMO,A violent thunder squall occurring on the south coast of Cuba,esp. near
Bayamo. The gusts, called bayamo winds, are modified foehnwinds.
BAYARD,Properly, a bay horse, but often any horse. Commonly in thephrase blind
bayard, an old blind horse.Blind bayard moves the mill. Philips.
BAYARDLY,Blind; stupid. [Obs.] "A formal and bayardly round of duties."Goodman.
BAYBOLT,A bolt with a barbed shank.
BAYED,Having a bay or bays. "The large bayed barn." Drayton.
BAYEUX TAPESTRY,A piece of linen about 1 ft. 8 in. wide by 213 ft. long,covered
with embroidery representing the incidents of William theConqueror's expedition to
England, preserved in the town museum ofBayeux in Normandy. It is probably of the
11th century, and isattributed by tradition to Matilda, the Conqueror's wife.
BAYMAN,In the United States navy, a sick-bay nurse; -- now officiallydesignated as
hospital apprentice.
BAYONET,A pointed instrument of the dagger kind fitted on the muzzle ofa musket or
rifle, so as to give the soldier increased means ofoffense and defense.
BAYOU STATE,Mississippi; -- a nickname, from its numerous bayous.
BAYOU,An inlet from the Gulf of Mexico, from a lake, or from a largeriver,
sometimes sluggish, sometimes without perceptible movementexcept from tide and
wind. [Southern U. S.]A dark slender thread of a bayou moves loiteringly
northeastward intoa swamp of huge cypresses. G. W. Cable.
BDELLOIDEA,The order of Annulata which includes the leeches. SeeHirudinea.
BDELLOMETER,A cupping glass to which are attached a scarificator and anexhausting
syringe. Dunglison.
BDELLOMORPHA,An order of Nemertina, including the large leechlike
worms(Malacobdella) often parasitic in clams.
BE,A prefix, originally the same word as by; joined with verbs, itserves: (a) To
intensify the meaning; as, bespatter, bestir. (b) Torender an intransitive verb
transitive; as, befall (to fall upon);bespeak (to speak for). (c) To make the
action of a verb particularor definite; as, beget (to get as offspring); beset (to
set around).
BE-ALL,The whole; all that is to be. [Poetic] Shak.
BEACH COMBER,A long, curling wave rolling in from the ocean. See Comber.[Amer.]
BEACH,To run or drive (as a vessel or a boat) upon a beach; tostrand; as, to beach
a ship.
BEACHY,Having a beach or beaches; formed by a beach or beaches;shingly.The beachy
girdle of the ocean. Shak.
BEACONAGE,Money paid for the maintenance of a beacon; also, beacons,collectively.
BEACONLESS,Having no beacon.
BEAD,To ornament with beads or beading.
BEADING,Molding in imitation of beads.
BEADLERY,Office or jurisdiction of a beadle.
BEADLESHIP,The state of being, or the personality of, a beadle. A. Wood.
BEADROLL,A catalogue of persons, for the rest of whose souls a certainnumber of
prayers are to be said or counted off on the beads of achaplet; hence, a catalogue
in general.On Fame's eternal beadroll worthy to be field. Spenser.It is quite
startling, on going over the beadroll of Englishworthies, to find how few are
directly represented in the male line.Quart. Rev.
BEADSNAKE,A small poisonous snake of North America (Elaps fulvius),banded with
yellow, red, and black.
BEADWORK,Ornamental work in beads.
BEAK,1. (Zoöl.) (a) The bill or nib of a bird, consisting of a hornysheath,
covering the jaws. The form varied much according to the foodand habits of the
bird, and is largely used in the classification ofbirds. (b) A similar bill in
other animals, as the turtles. (c) Thelong projecting sucking mouth of some
insects, and otherinvertebrates, as in the Hemiptera. (d) The upper or projecting
partof the shell, near the hinge of a bivalve. (e) The prolongation ofcertain
univalve shells containing the canal.
BEAKED,Furnished with a process or a mouth like a beak; rostrate.Beaked whale
(Zoöl.), a cetacean of the genus Hyperoodon; thebottlehead whale.
BEAKHEAD,An ornament used in rich Norman doorways, resembling a headwith a beak.
Parker.
BEAKIRON,A bickern; a bench anvil with a long beak, adapted to reach theinterior
surface of sheet metal ware; the horn of an anvil.
BEAL,A small inflammatory tumor; a pustule. [Prov. Eng.]
BEAM TREE,A tree (Pyrus aria) related to the apple.
BEAM,A heavy iron lever having an oscillating motion on a centralaxis, one end of
which is connected with the piston rod from which itreceives motion, and the other
with the crank of the wheel shaft; --called also working beam or walking beam.
BEAMBIRD,A small European flycatcher (Muscicapa gricola), so calledbecause it often
nests on a beam in a building.
BEAMED,Furnished with beams, as the head of a stag.Tost his beamed frontlet to the
sky. Sir W. Scott.
BEAMFUL,Beamy; radiant.
BEAMILY,In a beaming manner.
BEAMINESS,The state of being beamy.
BEAMING,Emitting beams; radiant.
BEAMINGLY,In a beaming manner; radiantly.
BEAMLET,A small beam of light.
BEAN CAPER,A deciduous plant of warm climates, generally with fleshyleaves and
flowers of a yellow or whitish yellow color, of the genusZygophyllum.
BEAN TREFOIL,A leguminous shrub of southern Europe, with trifoliate leaves(Anagyris
foetida).
BEAN,A name given to the seed of certain leguminous herbs, chieflyof the genera
Faba, Phaseolus, and Dolichos; also, to the herbs.
BEAR STATE,Arkansas; -- a nickname, from the many bears once inhabitingits forests.
BEAR,A bier. [Obs.] Spenser.
BEAR-TRAP DAM,A kind of movable dam, in one form consisting of two leavesresting
against each other at the top when raised and folding downone over the other when
lowered, for deepening shallow parts in ariver.
BEARABLE,Capable of being borne or endured; tolerable.-- Bear"a*bly, adv.
BEARBERRY,A trailing plant of the heath family (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi),having
leaves which are tonic and astringent, and glossy red berriesof which bears are
said to be fond.
BEARBIND,The bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis).
BEARD,Long or stiff hairs on a plant; the awn; as, the beard ofgrain.
BEARDED,Having a beard. "Bearded fellow." Shak. "Bearded grain."Dryden. Bearded
vulture, Bearded eagle. (Zoöl.) See Lammergeir.-- Bearded tortoise. (Zoöl.) See
Matamata.
BEARDIE,The bearded loach (Nemachilus barbatus) of Europe. [Scot.]
BEARDLESSNESS,The state or quality of being destitute of beard.
BEARER,One who holds a check, note, draft, or other order for thepayment of money;
as, pay to bearer.
BEARHERD,A man who tends a bear.
BEARHOUND,A hound for baiting or hunting bears. Car
BEARING CLOTH,A cloth with which a child is covered when carried to bebaptized.
Shak.
BEARING REIN,A short rein looped over the check hook or the hames to keepthe
horse's head up; -- called in the United States a checkrein.
BEARING RING,In a balloon, the braced wooden ring attached to the suspensionropes
at the bottom, functionally analogous to the keel of a ship.
BEARING,Any single emblem or charge in an escutcheon or coat of arms --commonly in
the pl.A carriage covered with armorial bearings. Thackeray.
BEARISH,Partaking of the qualities of a bear; resembling a bear intemper or
manners. Harris.
BEARISHNESS,Behavior like that of a bear.
BEARN,See Bairn. [Obs.]
BEARSKIN,A large bivalve shell of the East Indies (Hippopus maculatus),often used
as an ornament.
BEARWARD,A keeper of bears. See Bearherd. [R.] Shak.
BEASTHOOD,State or nature of a beast.
BEASTINGS,See Biestings.
BEASTLIHEAD,Beastliness. [Obs.] Spenser.
BEASTLIKE,Like a beast.
BEASTLINESS,The state or quality of being beastly.
BEAT,To give the signal for, by beat of drum; to sound by beat ofdrum; as, to beat
an alarm, a charge, a parley, a retreat; to beatthe general, the reveille, the
tattoo. See Alarm, Charge, Parley,etc. To beat down, to haggle with (any one) to
secure a lower price;to force down. [Colloq.] -- To beat into, to teach or instill,
byrepetition.-- To beat off, to repel or drive back.-- To beat out, to extend by
hammering.-- To beat out of a thing, to cause to relinquish it, or give it up."Nor
can anything beat their posterity out of it to this day." South.-- To beat the
dust. (Man.) (a) To take in too little ground withthe fore legs, as a horse. (b) To
perform curvets too precipitatelyor too low.-- To beat the hoof, to walk; to go on
foot.-- To beat the wing, to flutter; to move with fluttering agitation.-- To beat
time, to measure or regulate time in music by the motionof the hand or foot.-- To
beat up, to attack suddenly; to alarm or disturb; as, to beatup an enemy's
quarters.
BEATH,To bathe; also, to dry or heat, as unseasoned wood. [Obs.]Spenser.
BEATIFICATE,To beatify. [Obs.] Fuller.
BEATIFICATION,The act of beatifying, or the state of being beatified; esp.,in the
R. C. Church, the act or process of ascertaining and declaringthat a deceased
person is one of "the blessed," or has attained thesecond degree of sanctity, --
usually a stage in the process ofcanonization. "The beatification of his spirit."
Jer. Taylor.
BEATIFY,To ascertain and declare, by a public process and decree, thata deceased
person is one of "the blessed" and is to be reverenced assuch, though not
canonized.
BEATING,Pulsative sounds. See Beat, n.
BEATITUDE,Beatification. Milman.
BEAU IDEAL,A conception or image of consummate beauty, moral or physical,formed in
the mind, free from all the deformities, defects, andblemishes seen in actual
existence; an ideal or faultless standard ormodel.
BEAU MONDE,The fashionable world; people of fashion and gayety. Prior.
BEAUCATCHER,A small flat curl worn on the temple by women. [Humorous]
BEAUFET,A niche, cupboard, or sideboard for plate, china, glass, etc.;a buffet.A
beaufet . . . filled with gold and silver vessels. Prescott.
BEAUFIN,See Biffin. Wright.
BEAUISH,Like a beau; characteristic of a beau; foppish; fine. "Abeauish young
spark." Byrom.
BEAUMONTAGUE,A cement used in making joints, filling cracks, etc. For iron,the
principal constituents are iron borings and sal ammoniac; forwood, white lead or
litharge, whiting, and linseed oil.
BEAUSEANT,The black and white standard of the Knights Templars.
BEAUSHIP,The state of being a beau; the personality of a beau. [Jocular]Dryden.
BEAUTEOUS,Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic]
--Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
BEAUTIED,Beautiful; embellished. [Poetic] Shak.
BEAUTIFIER,One who, or that which, beautifies or makes beautiful.
BEAUTIFUL,Having the qualities which constitute beauty; pleasing to thesight or the
mind.A circle is more beautiful than a square; a square is more beautifulthan a
parallelogram. Lord Kames.
BEAUTIFY,To make or render beautiful; to add beauty to; to adorn; todeck; to grace;
to embellish.The arts that beautify and polish life. Burke.
BEAUTILESS,Destitute of beauty. Hammond.
BEAUX,pl. of Beau.
BEAUXITE,See Bauxite.
BEAVER STATE,Oregon; -- a nickname.
BEAVER,An amphibious rodent, of the genus Castor.
BEAVERED,Covered with, or wearing, a beaver or hat. "His beavered brow."Pope.
BEAVERTEEN,A kind of fustian made of coarse twilled cotton, shorn afterdyeing.
Simmonds.
BEBEERU,A tropical South American tree (Nectandra Rodioi), the bark ofwhich yields
the alkaloid bebeerine, and the wood of which is knownas green heart.
BEBLEED,To make bloody; to stain with blood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEBLOT,To blot; to stain. Chaucer.
BEBLUBBER,To make swollen and disfigured or sullied by weeping; as, hereyes or
cheeks were beblubbered.
BEBUNG,A tremolo effect, such as that produced on the piano byvibratory repetition
of a note with sustained use of the pedal.
BECAME,of Become.
BECARD,A South American bird of the flycatcher family. (Tityrainquisetor).
BECCABUNGA,See Brooklime.
BECCAFICO,A small bird. (Silvia hortensis), which is highly prized by theItalians
for the delicacy of its flesh in the autumn, when it has fedon figs, grapes, etc.
BECHAMEL,A rich, white sauce, prepared with butter and cream.
BECHANCE,By chance; by accident. [Obs.] Grafton.
BECHARM,To charm; to captivate.
BECHE DE MER,The trepang.
BECHIC,Pertaining to, or relieving, a cough. Thomas.-- n.
BECHUANAS,A division of the Bantus, dwelling between the Orange andZambezi rivers,
supposed to be the most ancient Bantu population ofSouth Africa. They are divided
into totemic clans; they areintelligent and progressive.
BECK,See Beak. [Obs.] Spenser.
BECKER,A European fish (Pagellus centrodontus); the sea bream orbraise.
BECKET,A small grommet, or a ring or loop of rope
BECKON,To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as by a motionof the
hand.His distant friends, he beckons near. Dryden.It beckons you to go away with
it. Shak.
BECLAP,To catch; to grasp; to insnare. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BECLIP,To embrace; to surround. [Obs.] Wyclif.
BECLOUD,To cause obscurity or dimness to; to dim; to cloud.If thou becloud the
sunshine of thine eye. Quarles.
BECOME,To suit or be suitable to; to be congruous with; to befit; toaccord with, in
character or circumstances; to be worthy of, orproper for; to cause to appear well;
-- said of persons and things.It becomes me so to speak of so excellent a poet.
Dryden.I have known persons so anxious to have their dress become them, asto
convert it, at length, into their proper self, and thus actuallyto become the
dress. Coleridge.
BECOMED,Proper; decorous. [Obs.]And gave him what becomed love I might. Shak.
BECOMING,Appropriate or fit; congruous; suitable; graceful; befitting.A low and
becoming tone. Thackeray.
BECOMINGLY,In a becoming manner.
BECOMINGNESS,The quality of being becoming, appropriate, or fit;
congruity;fitness.The becomingness of human nature. Grew.
BECQUEREL RAYS,Radiations first observed by the French physicist HenriBecquerel, in
working with uranium and its compounds. They consist ofa mixture of alpha, beta,
and gamma rays.
BECRIPPLE,To make a cripple of; to cripple; to lame. [R.] Dr. H. More.
BECUNA,A fish of the Mediterranean (Sphyræna spet). See Barracuda.
BECURL,To curl; to adorn with curls.
BED ROCK,The solid rock underlying superficial formations. Also Fig.
BED STEPS,Steps for mounting a bed of unusual height.
BED,A layer or seam, or a horizontal stratum between layers; as, abed of coal,
iron, etc.
BEDABBLE,To dabble; to sprinkle or wet. Shak.
BEDAFF,To make a daff or fool of. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEDAGAT,The sacred books of the Buddhists in Burmah. Malcom.
BEDAGGLE,To daggle.
BEDASH,To wet by dashing or throwing water or other liquid upon; tobespatter.
"Trees bedashed with rain." Shak.
BEDAUB,To daub over; to besmear or soil with anything thick and dirty.Bedaub foul
designs with a fair varnish. Barrow.
BEDAZZLE,To dazzle or make dim by a strong light. "Bedazzled with thesun." Shak.
BEDBUG,A wingless, bloodsucking, hemipterous insect (CimexLectularius), sometimes
infesting houses and especially beds. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
BEDCHAIR,A chair with adjustable back, for the sick, to support themwhile sitting
up in bed.
BEDCHAMBER,A chamber for a bed; an apartment form sleeping in. Shak. Lordsof the
bedchamber, eight officers of the royal household, all ofnoble families, who wait
in turn a week each. [Eng.] -- Ladies of thebedchamber, eight ladies, all titled,
holding a similar officialposition in the royal household, during the reign of a
queen. [Eng.]
BEDCLOTHES,Blankets, sheets, coverlets, etc., for a bed. Shak.
BEDCORD,A cord or rope interwoven in a bedstead so as to support thebed.
BEDDED,Provided with a bed; as, double-bedded room; placed or arrangedin a bed or
beds.
BEDDING,The state or position of beds and layers.
BEDE,To pray; also, to offer; to proffer. [Obs.] R. of Gloucester.Chaucer.
BEDECK,To deck, ornament, or adorn; to grace.Bedecked with boughs, flowers, and
garlands. Pennant.
BEDEHOUSE,,n.Same as Beadhouse.
BEDELRY,Beadleship. [Obs.] Blount.
BEDEN,The Abyssinian or Arabian ibex (Capra Nubiana). It is probablythe wild goat
of the Bible.
BEDESMAN,Same as Beadsman. [Obs.]
BEDEVILMENT,The state of being bedeviled; bewildering confusion; vexatioustrouble.
[Colloq.]
BEDEW,To moisten with dew, or as with dew. "Falling tears his facebedew." Dryden.
BEDEWER,One who, or that which, bedews.
BEDEWY,Moist with dew; dewy. [Obs.]Night with her bedewy wings. A. Brewer.
BEDFELLOW,One who lies with another in the same bed; a person who sharesone's
couch.
BEDGOWN,A nightgown.
BEDIGHT,To bedeck; to array or equip; to adorn. [Archaic] Milton.
BEDIM,To make dim; to obscure or darken. Shak.
BEDIZEN,To dress or adorn tawdrily or with false taste.Remnants of tapestried
hangings, . . . and shreds of pictures withwhich he had bedizened his tatters. Sir
W. Scott.
BEDIZENMENT,That which bedizens; the act of dressing, or the state of beingdressed,
tawdrily.
BEDKEY,An instrument for tightening the parts of a bedstead.
BEDLAM,Belonging to, or fit for, a madhouse. "The bedlam, brainsickduchess." Shak.
BEDLAMITE,An inhabitant of a madhouse; a madman. "Raving bedlamites."Beattie.
BEDMAKER,One who makes beds.
BEDOTE,To cause to dote; to deceive. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEDOUIN,One of the nomadic Arabs who live in tents, and are scatteredover Arabia,
Syria, and northern Africa, esp. in the deserts.-- Bed"ou*in*ism (, n.
BEDPHERE,See Bedfere. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BEDQUILT,A quilt for a bed; a coverlet.
BEDRABBLE,To befoul with rain and mud; to drabble.
BEDRAGGLE,To draggle; to soil, as garments which, in walking, aresuffered to drag
in dust, mud, etc. Swift.
BEDRENCH,To drench; to saturate with moisture; to soak. Shak.
BEDRIBBLE,To dribble upon.
BEDRIZZLE,To drizzle upon.
BEDROP,To sprinkle, as with drops.The yellow carp, in scales bedropped with gold.
Pope.
BEDRUG,To drug abundantly or excessively.
BEDSIDE,The side of a bed.
BEDSITE,A recess in a room for a bed.Of the three bedrooms, two have fireplaces,
and all are of fair size,with windows and bedsite well placed. Quart. Rev.
BEDSORE,A sore on the back or hips caused by lying for a long time inbed.
BEDSPREAD,A bedquilt; a counterpane; a coverlet. [U. S.]
BEDSTAFF,"A wooden pin stuck anciently on the sides of the bedstead, tohold the
clothes from slipping on either side." Johnson.Hostess, accommodate us with a
bedstaff. B. Jonson.Say there is no virtue in cudgels and bedstaves. Brome.
BEDSTEAD,A framework for supporting a bed.
BEDSTOCK,The front or the back part of the frame of a bedstead. [Obs. orDial. Eng.]
BEDSTRAW,A genus of slender herbs, usually with square stems, whorledleaves, and
small white flowers. Our Lady's bedstraw, which hasyellow flowers, is Galium
verum.-- White bedstraw is G. mollugo.
BEDSWERVER,One who swerves from and is unfaithful to the marriage vow.[Poetic]
Shak.
BEDTICK,A tick or bag made of cloth, used for inclosing the materialsof a bed.
BEDTIME,The time to go to bed. Shak.
BEDUCK,To duck; to put the head under water; to immerse. "Deep himselfbeducked."
Spenser.
BEDUIN,See Bedouin.
BEDUNG,To cover with dung, as for manuring; to bedaub or defile,literally or
figuratively. Bp. Hall.
BEDUST,To sprinkle, soil, or cover with dust. Sherwood.
BEDWARD,Towards bed.
BEDWARF,To make a dwarf of; to stunt or hinder the growth of; to dwarf.Donne.
BEDYE,To dye or stain.Briton fields with Sarazin blood bedyed. Spenser.
BEE LARKSPUR,(Bot.) See Larkspur.
BEE LINE,The shortest line from one place to another, like that of a beeto its hive
when loaded with honey; an air line. "A bee line for thebrig." Kane.
BEE,p. p. of Be; -- used for been. [Obs.] Spenser.
BEEBREAD,A brown, bitter substance found in some of the cells ofhoneycomb. It is
made chiefly from the pollen of flowers, which iscollected by bees as food for
their young.
BEECH TREE,The beech.
BEECH,A tree of the genus Fagus.
BEECHEN,Consisting, or made, of the wood or bark of the beech;belonging to the
beech. "Plain beechen vessels." Dryden.
BEECHNUT,The nut of the beech tree.
BEECHY,Of or relating to beeches.
BEEF,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, beef. Beef tea, essence ofbeef, or strong
beef broth.
BEEF-WITTED,Stupid; dull. Shak.
BEEFEATER,An African bird of the genus Buphaga, which feeds on the larv¯f botflies
hatched under the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc. Twospecies are known.
BEEFSTEAK,A steak of beef; a slice of beef broiled or suitable forbroiling.
BEEFWOOD,An Australian tree (Casuarina), and its red wood, used forcabinetwork;
also, the trees Stenocarpus salignus of New South Wales,and Banksia compar of
Queensland.
BEEFY,Having much beef; of the nature of beef; resembling beef;fleshy.
BEEHIVE,A hive for a swarm of bees. Also used figuratively.
BEEHOUSE,A house for bees; an apiary.
BEELD,Same as Beild. Fairfax.
BEELZEBUB,The title of a heathen deity to whom the Jews ascribed thesovereignty of
the evil spirits; hence, the Devil or a devil. SeeBaal.
BEEM,A trumpet. [Obs.]
BEEMASTER,One who keeps bees.
BEEN,The past participle of Be. In old authors it is also the pr.tense plural of
Be. See 1st Bee.Assembled been a senate grave and stout. Fairfax.
BEEREGAR,Sour beer. [Obs.]
BEERHOUSE,A house where malt liquors are sold; an alehouse.
BEERINESS,Beery condition.
BEERY,Of or resembling beer; affected by beer; maudlin.
BEESTINGS,Same as Biestings.
BEESWAX,The wax secreted by bees, and of which their cells areconstructed.
BEESWING,The second crust formed in port and some other wines after longkeeping. It
consists of pure, shining scales of tartar, supposed toresemble the wing of a bee.
BEET RADISH,Same as Beetrave.
BEET,A biennial plant of the genus Beta, which produces an edibleroot the first
year and seed the second year.
BEETLE BROW,An overhanging brow.
BEETLE,Any insect of the order Coleoptera, having four wings, theouter pair being
stiff cases for covering the others when they arefolded up. See Coleoptera. Beetle
mite (Zoöl.), one of many speciesof mites, of the family Oribatidæ, parasitic on
beetles.-- Black beetle, the common large black cockroach (Blattaorientalis).
BEETLE-BROWED,Having prominent, overhanging brows; hence, lowering or sullen.
BEETLE-HEADED,Dull; stupid. Shak.
BEETLEHEAD,The black-bellied plover, or bullhead (Squatarola helvetica).See Plover.
BEETLESTOCK,The handle of a beetle.
BEETRAVE,The common beet (Beta vulgaris).
BEEVE,A beef; a beef creature.They would knock down the first beeve they met with.
W. Irving.
BEEVES,; plural of Beef, the animal.
BEFALL,To happen to.I beseech your grace that I may know The worst that may befall
me.Shak.
BEFIT,To be suitable to; to suit; to become.That name best befits thee. Milton.
BEFITTING,Suitable; proper; becoming; fitting.
BEFITTINGLY,In a befitting manner; suitably.
BEFLATTER,To flatter excessively.
BEFLOWER,To besprinkle or scatter over with, or as with, flowers.Hobbes.
BEFOREHAND,In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded.Rich and
much beforehand. Bacon.
BEFORETIME,Formerly; aforetime.[They] dwelt in their tents, as beforetime. 2 Kings
xiii. 5.
BEFORTUNE,To befall. [Poetic]I wish all good befortune you. Shak.
BEFRIEND,To act as a friend to; to favor; to aid, benefit, orcountenance.By the
darkness befriended. Longfellow.
BEFRIENDMENT,Act of befriending. [R.]
BEFRILL,To furnish or deck with a frill.
BEFRINGE,To furnish with a fringe; to form a fringe upon; to adorn aswith fringe.
Fuller.
BEFUDDLE,To becloud and confuse, as with liquor.
BEG,A title of honor in Turkey and in some other parts of the East;a bey.
BEGA,See Bigha.
BEGEM,To adorn with gems, or as with gems.Begemmed with dewdrops. Sir W.
Scott.Those lonely realms bright garden isles begem. Shelley.
BEGETTER,One who begets; a father.
BEGGABLE,Capable of being begged.
BEGGARHOOD,The condition of being a beggar; also, the class of beggars.
BEGGARISM,Beggary. [R.]
BEGGARLINESS,The quality or state of being beggarly; meanness.
BEGGARLY,In an indigent, mean, or despicable manner; in the manner of abeggar.
BEGGARY,Beggarly. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BEGGESTERE,A beggar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEGILD,To gild. B. Jonson.
BEGIN,Beginning. [Poetic & Obs.] Spenser.
BEGINNER,One who begins or originates anything. Specifically: A young
orinexperienced practitioner or student; a tyro.A sermon of a new beginner. Swift.
BEGIRDLE,To surround as with a girdle.
BEGIRT,To encompass; to begird. Milton.
BEGLERBEG,The governor of a province of the Ottoman empire, next indignity to the
grand vizier.
BEGNAW,To gnaw; to eat away; to corrode.The worm of conscience still begnaw thy
soul. Shak.
BEGOD,To exalt to the dignity of a god; to deify. [Obs.] "Begoddedsaints." South.
BEGOHM,A unit of resistance equal to one billion ohms, or one thousandmegohms.
BEGONE,Go away; depart; get you gone.
BEGONIA,A genus of plants, mostly of tropical America, many species ofwhich are
grown as ornamental plants. The leaves are curiously one-sided, and often exhibit
brilliant colors.
BEGORE,To besmear with gore.
BEGOT,imp. & p. p. of Beget.
BEGOTTEN,p. p. of Beget.
BEGRAVE,To bury; also, to engrave. [Obs.] Gower.
BEGREASE,To soil or daub with grease or other oily matter.
BEGRIME,To soil with grime or dirt deeply impressed or rubbed in.Books falling to
pieces and begrimed with dust. Macaulay.
BEGRIMER,One who, or that which, begrimes.
BEGRUDGE,To grudge; to envy the possession of.
BEGUILEMENT,The act of beguiling, or the state of being beguiled.
BEGUILER,One who, or that which, beguiles.
BEGUILING,Alluring by guile; deluding; misleading; diverting.-- Be*guil"ing*ly,
adv.
BEGUIN,See Beghard.
BEGUINAGE,A collection of small houses surrounded by a wall and occupiedby a
community of Beguines.
BEGUINE,A woman belonging to one of the religious and charitableassociations or
communities in the Netherlands, and elsewhere, whosemembers live in beguinages and
are not bound by perpetual vows.
BEGUM,In the East Indies, a princess or lady of high rank. Malcom.
BEGUN,of Begin.
BEHALF,Advantage; favor; stead; benefit; interest; profit; support;defense;
vindication.In behalf of his mistress's beauty. Sir P. Sidney.Against whom he had
contracted some prejudice in behalf of hisnation. Clarendon.In behalf of, in the
interest of.-- On behalf of, on account of; on the part of.
BEHAPPEN,To happen to. [Obs.]
BEHAVE,To act; to conduct; to bear or carry one's self; as, to behavewell or ill.
BEHAVIOR,Manner of behaving, whether good or bad; mode of conductingone's self;
conduct; deportment; carriage; -- used also of inanimateobjects; as, the behavior
of a ship in a storm; the behavior of themagnetic needle.A gentleman that is very
singular in his behavior. Steele.To be upon one's good behavior, To be put upon
one's good behavior,to be in a state of trial, in which something important depends
onpropriety of conduct.-- During good behavior, while (or so long as) one conducts
one'sself with integrity and fidelity or with propriety.
BEHEAD,To sever the head from; to take off the head of.
BEHEADAL,,n.Beheading. [Modern]
BEHELD,imp. & p. p. of Behold.
BEHEMOTH,An animal, probably the hippopotamus, described in Job xl. 15-24.
BEHEST,To vow. [Obs.] Paston.
BEHETE,See Behight. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEHIGHT,A vow; a promise. [Obs.] Surrey.
BEHIND,The backside; the rump. [Low]
BEHITHER,On this side of. [Obs.]Two miles behither Clifden. Evelyn.
BEHOLD,To have in sight; to see clearly; to look at; to regard withthe eyes.When he
beheld the serpent of brass, he lived. Num. xxi. 9.Behold the Lamb of God, which
taketh away the sin of the world. John.i. 29.
BEHOLDEN,Obliged; bound in gratitude; indebted.But being so beholden to the Prince.
Tennyson.
BEHOLDER,One who beholds; a spectator.
BEHOLDING,Obliged; beholden. [Obs.]I was much bound and beholding to the right
reverend father. Robynson(More's Utopia).So much hath Oxford been beholding to her
nephews, or sister'schildren. Fuller.
BEHOLDINGNESS,, The state of being obliged or beholden. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
BEHOOF,Advantage; profit; benefit; interest; use.No mean recompense it brings To
your behoof. Milton.
BEHOOVABLE,Supplying need; profitable; advantageous. [Obs.] Udall.
BEHOOVE,To be necessary for; to be fit for; to be meet for, withrespect to
necessity, duty, or convenience; -- mostly usedimpersonally.And thus it behooved
Christ to suffer. Luke xxiv. 46.[Also written behove.]
BEHOOVEFUL,Advantageous; useful; profitable. [Archaic] -- Be*hoove"ful*ly,adv.--
Be*hoove"ful*ness, n. [Archaic]
BEHOVE,, and derivatives. See Behoove, & c.
BEHOVELY,Useful, or usefully. [Obs.]
BEHOWL,To howl at. [Obs.]The wolf behowls the moon. Shak.
BEIGE,Debeige.
BEILD,A place of shelter; protection; refuge. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.][Also written
bield and beeld.]The random beild o' clod or stane. Burns.
BEING,Existing.
BEJADE,To jade or tire. [Obs.] Milton.
BEJAPE,To jape; to laugh at; to deceive. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEJAUNDICE,To infect with jaundice.
BEJEWEL,To ornament with a jewel or with jewels; to spangle. "Bejeweledhands."
Thackeray.
BEJUCO,Any climbing woody vine of the tropics with the habit of aliane; in the
Philippines, esp. any of various species of Calamus,the cane or rattan palm.
BEJUMBLE,To jumble together.
BEKAH,Half a shekel.
BEKNAVE,To call knave. [Obs.] Pope.
BEKNOW,To confess; to acknowledge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEL,The Babylonian name of the god known among the Hebrews as Baal.See Baal. Baruch
vi. 41.
BEL-ACCOYLE,A kind or favorable reception or salutation. [Obs.]
BEL-ESPRIT,A fine genius, or man of wit. "A man of letters and a belesprit." W.
Irving.
BELAM,To beat or bang. [Prov. & Low, Eng.] Todd.
BELAMY,Good friend; dear friend. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BELATE,To retard or make too late. Davenant.
BELATED,Delayed beyond the usual time; too late; overtaken by night;benighted.
"Some belated peasant." Milton.-- Be*lat"ed*ness, n. Milton.
BELAUD,To laud or praise greatly.
BELAY,To make fast, as a rope, by taking several turns with it rounda pin, cleat,
or kevel. Totten.
BELAYING PIN,A strong pin in the side of a vessel, or by the mast, roundwhich ropes
are wound when they are fastened or belayed.
BELCHER,One who, or that which, belches.
BELEAGUER,To surround with an army so as to preclude escape; to besiege;to
blockade.The wail of famine in beleaguered towns. Longfellow.
BELEAGUERER,One who beleaguers.
BELEAVE,To leave or to be left. [Obs.] May.
BELECTURE,To vex with lectures; to lecture frequently.
BELEE,To place under the lee, or unfavorably to the wind. Shak.
BELEMNITE,A conical calcareous fossil, tapering to a point at the lowerextremity,
with a conical cavity at the other end, where it isordinarily broken; but when
perfect it contains a small chamberedcone, called the phragmocone, prolonged, on
one side, into a delicateconcave blade; the thunderstone. It is the internal shell
of acephalopod related to the sepia, and belonging to an extinct family.The
belemnites are found in rocks of the Jurassic and Cretaceousages.-- Bel*em*nit"ic,
a.
BELEPER,To infect with leprosy. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
BELFRY,A movable tower erected by besiegers for purposes of attack anddefense.
BELGARD,A sweet or loving look. [Obs.] Spenser.
BELGIAN BLOCK,A nearly cubical block of some tough stone, esp. granite, usedas a
material for street pavements. Its usual diameter is 5 to 7inches.
BELGIAN,Of or pertaining to Belgium.-- n.
BELGRAVIAN,Belonging to Belgravia (a fashionable quarter of London, aroundPimlico),
or to fashionable life; aristocratic.
BELIAL,An evil spirit; a wicked and unprincipled person; thepersonification of
evil.What concord hath Christ with Belia 2 Cor. vi. 15.A son (or man) of Belial, a
worthless, wicked, or thoroughly depravedperson. 1 Sam. ii. 12.
BELIBEL,To libel or traduce; to calumniate. Fuller.
BELIEF,A persuasion of the truths of religion; faith.No man can attain [to] belief
by the bare contemplation of heaven andearth. Hooker.
BELIEFFUL,Having belief or faith.
BELIEVABLE,Capable of being believed; credible.-- Be*liev"a*ble*ness, n.--
Be*liev`a*bil"i*ty (, n.
BELIEVE,To exercise belief in; to credit upon the authority ortestimony of another;
to be persuaded of the truth of, upon evidencefurnished by reasons, arguments, and
deductions of the mind, or bycircumstances other than personal knowledge; to regard
or accept astrue; to place confidence in; to think; to consider; as, to believe
aperson, a statement, or a doctrine.Our conqueror (whom I now Of force believe
almighty). Milton.King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets Acts xxvi.Often
followed by a dependent clause. I believe that Jesus Christ isthe Son of God. Acts
viii. 37.
BELIEVER,One who gives credit to the truth of the Scriptures, as arevelation from
God; a Christian; -- in a more restricted sense, onewho receives Christ as his
Savior, and accepts the way of salvationunfolded in the gospel.Thou didst open the
Kingdom of Heaven to all believers. Book of Com.Prayer.
BELIEVING,That believes; having belief.-- Be*liev"ing*ly, adv.
BELIGHT,To illuminate. [Obs.] Cowley.
BELIKE,It is likely or probably; perhaps. [Obs. or Archaic] --Be*like"ly,
adv.Belike, boy, then you are in love. Shak.
BELIME,To besmear or insnare with birdlime.
BELITTLE,To make little or less in a moral sense; to speak of in adepreciatory or
contemptuous way. T. Jefferson.
BELIVE,Forthwith; speedily; quickly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BELK,To vomit. [Obs.]
BELL ANIMALCULE,An infusorian of the family Vorticellidæ, common in fresh-
waterponds.
BELL BEARER,A Brazilian leaf hopper (Bocydium tintinnabuliferum),remarkable for the
four bell-shaped appendages of its thorax.
BELL CRANK,A lever whose two arms form a right angle, or nearly a rightangle,
having its fulcrum at the apex of the angle. It is used inbell pulls and in
changing the direction of bell wires at angles ofrooms, etc., and also in
machinery.
BELL JAR,A glass vessel, varying in size, open at the bottom and closedat the top
like a bell, and having a knob or handle at the top forlifting it. It is used for a
great variety of purposes; as, with theair pump, and for holding gases, also for
keeping the dust fromarticles exposed to view.
BELL METAL,A hard alloy or bronze, consisting usually of about three partsof copper
to one of tin; -- used for making bells. Bell metal ore, asulphide of tin, copper,
and iron; the mineral stannite.
BELL PEPPER,A species of Capsicum, or Guinea pepper (C. annuum). It is thered
pepper of the gardens.
BELL PROCESS,The process of washing molten pig iron by adding iron oxide,proposed
by I. Lowthian Bell of England about 1875.
BELL SYSTEM OF CONTROL,See Cloche.
BELL,That part of the capital of a column included between theabacus and neck
molding; also used for the naked core of nearlycylindrical shape, assumed to exist
within the leafage of a capital.
BELL-FACED,Having the striking surface convex; -- said of hammers.
BELL-MOUTHED,Expanding at the mouth; as, a bell-mouthed gun. Byron.
BELL-SHAPED,Having the shape of a widemouthed bell; campanulate.
BELLARMINE,A stoneware jug of a pattern originated in the neighborhood ofCologne,
Germany, in the 16th century. It has a bearded face or masksupposed to represent
Cardinal Bellarmine, a leader in the RomanCatholic Counter Reformation, following
the Reformation; -- calledalso graybeard, longbeard.
BELLE,A young lady of superior beauty and attractions; a handsomelady, or one who
attracts notice in society; a fair lady.
BELLE-LETTRIST,One versed in belleslettres.
BELLED,Hung with a bell or bells.
BELLEEK WARE,A porcelainlike kind of decorative pottery with a high gloss,which is
sometimes iridescent. A very fine kind is made at Belleek inIreland.
BELLEROPHON,A genus of fossil univalve shells, believed to belong to theHeteropoda,
peculiar to the Paleozoic age.
BELLES-LETTRES,Polite or elegant literature; the humanities; -- used
somewhatvaguely for literary works in which imagination and taste arepredominant.
BELLFLOWER,A plant of the genus Campanula; -- so named from its bell-shaped
flowers.
BELLIBONE,A woman excelling both in beauty and goodness; a fair maid.[Obs.]
Spenser.
BELLICOSE,Inclined to war or contention; warlike; pugnacious.Arnold was, in fact,
in a bellicose vein. W. Irving.
BELLICOSELY,In a bellicose manner.
BELLICOUS,Bellicose. [Obs.]
BELLIED,, a. Having (such) a belly; puffed out; -- used in composition;as, pot-
bellied; shad-bellied.
BELLIGERENT,A nation or state recognized as carrying on war; a personengaged in
warfare.
BELLIGERENTLY,In a belligerent manner; hostilely.
BELLING,A bellowing, as of a deer in rutting time. Johnson.
BELLIPOTENT,Mighty in war; armipotent. [R.] Blount.
BELLMAN,A man who rings a bell, especially to give notice of anythingin the
streets. Formerly, also, a night watchman who called thehours. Milton.
BELLON,Lead colic.
BELLONA,The goddess of war.
BELLOW,To emit with a loud voice; to shout; -- used with out. "Wouldbellow out a
laugh." Dryden.
BELLOWER,One who, or that which, bellows.
BELLOWS FISH,A European fish (Centriscus scolopax), distinguished by a longtubular
snout, like the pipe of a bellows; -- called also trumpetfish, and snipe fish.
BELLOWS,An instrument, utensil, or machine, which, by alternateexpansion and
contraction, or by rise and fall of the top, draws inair through a valve and expels
it through a tube for variouspurposes, as blowing fires, ventilating mines, or
filling the pipesof an organ with wind. Bellows camera, in photography, a form
ofcamera, which can be drawn out like an accordion or bellows.-- Hydrostatic
bellows. See Hydrostatic.-- A pair of bellows, the ordinary household instrument
for blowingfires, consisting of two nearly heart-shaped boards with
handles,connected by leather, and having a valve and tube.
BELLUINE,Pertaining to, or like, a beast; brutal. [R.]Animal and belluine life.
Atterbury.
BELLWORT,A genus of plants (Uvularia) with yellowish bell-shapedflowers.
BELLY,The hollow part of a curved or bent timber, the convex part ofwhich is the
back. Belly doublet, a doublet of the 16th century,hanging down so as to cover the
belly. Shak.-- Belly fretting, the chafing of a horse's belly with a
girth.Johnson.-- Belly timber, food. [Ludicrous] Prior.-- Belly worm, a worm that
breeds or lives in the belly (stomach orintestines). Johnson.
BELLY-GOD,One whose great pleasure it is to gratify his appetite; aglutton; an
epicure.
BELLY-PINCHED,Pinched with hunger; starved. "The belly-pinched wolf." Shak.
BELLYACHE,Pain in the bowels; colic.
BELLYBAND,A band of canvas, to strengthen a sail.
BELLYBOUND,Costive; constipated.
BELLYCHEAT,An apron or covering for the front of the person. [Obs.] Beau.& Fl.
BELLYCHEER,Good cheer; viands. [Obs.] "Bellycheer and banquets." Rowlands."Loaves
and bellycheer." Milton.
BELLYFUL,As much as satisfies the appetite. Hence: A great abundance;more than
enough. Lloyd.King James told his son that he would have his bellyful
ofparliamentary impeachments. Johnson.
BELOCK,To lock, or fasten as with a lock. [Obs.] Shak.
BELOMANCY,A kind of divination anciently practiced by means of markedarrows drawn
at random from a bag or quiver, the marks on the arrowsdrawn being supposed to
foreshow the future. Encyc. Brit.
BELONG,To be deserved by. [Obs.]More evils belong us than happen to us. B. Jonson.
BELONITE,Minute acicular or dendritic crystalline forms sometimesobserved in glassy
volcanic rocks.
BELOVE,To love. [Obs.] Wodroephe.
BELOVED,Greatly loved; dear to the heart.Antony, so well beloved of Cæsar.
Shak.This is my beloved Son. Matt. iii. 17.
BELOWT,To treat as a lout; to talk abusively to. [Obs.] Camden.
BELSIRE,A grandfather, or ancestor. "His great belsire Brute." [Obs.]Drayton.
BELSWAGGER,A lewd man; also, a bully. [Obs.] Dryden.
BELT,Same as Band, n., 2. A very broad band is more properly termeda belt.
BELTED,See Beltane.
BELTING,The material of which belts for machinery are made; also,belts, taken
collectively.
BELUGA,A cetacean allied to the dolphins.
BELUTE,To bespatter, as with mud. [R.] Sterne.
BELVEDERE,A small building, or a part of a building, more or less open,constructed
in a place commanding a fine prospect.
BELZEBUTH,A spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth) of Brazil.
BEMA,A platform from which speakers addressed an assembly. Mitford.
BEMAD,To make mad. [Obs.] Fuller.
BEMANGLE,To mangle; to tear asunder. [R.] Beaumont.
BEMASK,To mask; to conceal.
BEMASTER,To master thoroughly.
BEMAUL,To maul or beat severely; to bruise. "In order to bemaulYorick." Sterne.
BEMAZE,To bewilder.Intellects bemazed in endless doubt. Cowper.
BEMEAN,To make mean; to lower. C. Reade.
BEMEET,To meet. [Obs.]Our very loving sister, well bemet. Shak.
BEMETE,To mete. [Obs.] Shak.
BEMINGLE,To mingle; to mix.
BEMIRE,To drag through, encumber with, or fix in, the mire; to soil bypassing
through mud or dirt.Bemired and benighted in the dog. Burke.
BEMIST,To envelop in mist. [Obs.]
BEMOAN,To express deep grief for by moaning; to express sorrow for; tolament; to
bewail; to pity or sympathize with.Implores their pity, and his pain bemoans.
Dryden.
BEMOANER,One who bemoans.
BEMOCK,To mock; to ridicule.Bemock the modest moon. Shak.
BEMOIL,To soil or encumber with mire and dirt. [Obs.] Shak.
BEMOL,The sign [Obs.]
BEMONSTER,To make monstrous or like a monster. [Obs.] Shak.
BEMOURN,To mourn over. Wyclif.
BEMUDDLE,To muddle; to stupefy or bewilder; to confuse.
BEMUFFLE,To cover as with a muffler; to wrap up.Bemuffled with the externals of
religion. Sterne.
BEMUSE,To muddle, daze, or partially stupefy, as with liquor.A parson much bemused
in beer. Pope.
BEN,Within; in; in or into the interior; toward the innerapartment. [Scot.]
BENAME,To promise; to name. [Obs.]
BENCH MARK,Any permanent mark to which other levels may be referred.Specif. : A
horizontal mark at the water's edge with reference towhich the height of tides and
floods may be measured.
BENCH WARRANT,A process issued by a presiding judge or by a court against aperson
guilty of some contempt, or indicted for some crime; -- socalled in distinction
from a justice's warrant.
BENCH,To sit on a seat of justice. [R.] Shak.
BENCHER,One of the senior and governing members of an Inn of Court.
BEND,To fasten, as one rope to another, or as a sail to its yard orstay; or as a
cable to the ring of an anchor. Totten. To bend thebrow, to knit the brow, as in
deep thought or in anger; to scowl; tofrown. Camden.
BENDABLE,Capable of being bent.
BENDING,The marking of the clothes with stripes or horizontal bands.[Obs.] Chaucer.
BENDLET,A narrow bend, esp. one half the width of the bend.
BENDWISE,Diagonally.
BENDY,Divided into an even number of bends; -- said of a shield orits charge.
Cussans.
BENE PLACITO,At pleasure; ad libitum.
BENE,See Benne.
BENEAPED,See Neaped.
BENEDICITE,A canticle (the Latin version of which begins with this word)which may
be used in the order for morning prayer in the Church ofEngland. It is taken from
an apocryphal addition to the third chapterof Daniel.
BENEDICT,Having mild and salubrious qualities. [Obs.] Bacon.
BENEDICTINE,Pertaining to the monks of St. Benedict, or St. Benet.
BENEDICTION,The short prayer which closes public worship; as, to give
thebenediction.
BENEDICTIONAL,A book of benedictions.
BENEDICTIONARY,A collected series of benedictions.The benedictionary of Bishop
Athelwold. G. Gurton's Needle.
BENEDICTIVE,Tending to bless. Gauden.
BENEDICTORY,Expressing wishes for good; as, a benedictory prayer.Thackeray.
BENEDICTUS,The song of Zacharias at the birth of John the Baptist (Luke i.68); --
so named from the first word of the Latin version.
BENEDIGHT,Blessed. [R.] Longfellow.
BENEFACTOR,One who confers a benefit or benefits. Bacon.
BENEFACTRESS,A woman who confers a benefit.His benefactress blushes at the deed.
Cowper.
BENEFIC,Favorable; beneficent. Milton.
BENEFICE,An estate in lands; a fief.
BENEFICED,Possessed of a benefice o "Beneficed clergymen." Burke.
BENEFICELESS,Having no benefice. "Beneficeless precisians." Sheldon.
BENEFICENCE,The practice of doing good; active goodness, kindness, orcharity;
bounty springing from purity and goodness.And whose beneficence no charge exhausts.
Cowper.
BENEFICENT,, a. Doing or producing good; performing acts of kindness andcharity;
characterized by beneficence.The beneficent fruits of Christianity. Prescott.
BENEFICENTIAL,Relating to beneficence.
BENEFICENTLY,In a beneficent manner; with beneficence.
BENEFICIAL,Receiving, or entitled to have or receive, advantage, use, orbenefit;
as, the beneficial owner of an estate. Kent.
BENEFICIALLY,In a beneficial or advantageous manner; profitably; helpfully.
BENEFICIALNESS,The quality of being beneficial; profitableness.
BENEFICIATE,To reduce (ores).-- Ben`e*fi`ci*a"tion (n.
BENEFICIENT,Beneficent. [Obs.]
BENEFIT SOCIETY,A society or association formed for mutual insurance, as
amongtradesmen or in labor unions, to provide for relief in sickness, oldage, and
for the expenses of burial. Usually called friendly societyin Great Britain.
BENEFIT,Natural advantaged; endowments; accomplishments. [R.] "Thebenefits of your
own country." Shak. Benefit of clergy. (Law) Seeunder Clergy.
BENEFITER,One who confers a benefit; -- also, one who receives a benefit.
BENEME,To deprive (of), or take away (from). [Obs.]
BENEMPT,of Bename.
BENET,To catch in a net; to insnare. Shak.
BENEVOLENT,Having a disposition to do good; possessing or manifesting loveto
mankind, and a desire to promote their prosperity and happiness;disposed to give to
good objects; kind; charitable.-- Be*nev"o*lent*ly, adv.
BENEVOLOUS,Kind; benevolent. [Obs.] T. Puller.
BENGAL,The language spoken in Bengal.
BENGALESE,Of or pertaining to Bengal.-- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of
Bengal.
BENGOLA,A Bengal light.
BENIGHTMENT,The condition of being benighted.
BENIGNANCY,Benignant quality; kindliness.
BENIGNANT,Kind; gracious; favorable.-- Be*nig"nant*ly, adv.
BENIGNLY,In a benign manner.
BENIM,To take away. [Obs.]Ire . . . benimeth the man fro God. Chaucer.
BENISON,Blessing; beatitude; benediction. Shak.More precious than the benison of
friends. Talfourd.
BENITIER,A holy-water stoup. Shipley.
BENJAMIN,See Benzoin.
BENJAMITE,A descendant of Benjamin; one of the tribe of Benjamin. Judg.iii. 15.
BENNE,The name of two plants (Sesamum orientale and S. indicum),originally Asiatic;
-- also called oil plant. From their seeds an oilis expressed, called benne oil,
used mostly for making soap. In thesouthern United States the seeds are used in
candy.
BENNET,The common yellow-flowered avens of Europe (Geum urbanum); herbbennet. The
name is sometimes given to other plants, as the hemlock,valerian, etc.
BENSHEE,See Banshee.
BENT GRASS,Same as Bent, a kind of grass.
BENT,imp. & p. p. of Bend.
BENTHAL,Relating to the deepest zone or region of the ocean.
BENTHAMIC,Of or pertaining to Bentham or Benthamism.
BENTHAMISM,That phase of the doctrine of utilitarianism taught by JeremyBentham;
the doctrine that the morality of actions is estimated anddetermined by their
utility; also, the theory that the sensibility topleasure and the recoil from pain
are the only motives whichinfluence human desires and actions, and that these are
thesufficient explanation of ethical and jural conceptions.
BENTHAMITE,One who believes in Benthamism.
BENTHOS,The bottom of the sea, esp. of the deep oceans; hence (Bot. &Zoöl.), the
fauna and flora of the sea bottom; -- opposed toplankton.
BENTING TIME,The season when pigeons are said to feed on bents, before peasare
ripe.Bare benting times . . . may come. Dryden.
BENUMB,To make torpid; to deprive of sensation or sensibility; tostupefy; as, a
hand or foot benumbed by cold.The creeping death benumbed her senses first. Dryden.
BENUMBED,Made torpid; numbed; stupefied; deadened; as, a benumbed bodyand mind.--
Be*numbed"ness, n.
BENUMBMENT,Act of benumbing, or state of being benumbed; torpor. Kirby.
BENZAL,A transparent crystalline substance,
BENZAMIDE,A transparent crystalline substance, C6H5.CO.NH2, obtained bythe action
of ammonia upon chloride of benzoyl, as also by severalother reactions with benzoyl
compounds.
BENZENE,A volatile, very inflammable liquid, C6H6, contained in thenaphtha produced
by the destructive distillation of coal, from whichit is separated by fractional
distillation. The name is sometimesapplied also to the impure commercial product or
benzole, and also,but rarely, to a similar mixed product of petroleum. Benzene
nucleus,Benzene ring (Chem.), a closed chain or ring, consisting of sixcarbon
atoms, each with one hydrogen atom attached, regarded as thetype from which the
aromatic compounds are derived. This ring formulais provisionally accepted as
representing the probable constitutionof the benzene molecule, C6H6, and as the
type on which itsderivatives are formed.
BENZILE,A yellowish crystalline substance, C6H5.CO.CO.C6H5, formed frombenzoin by
the action of oxidizing agents, and consisting of adoubled benzoyl radical.
BENZOATE,A salt formed by the union of benzoic acid with any salifiablebase.
BENZOIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, benzoin. Benzoic acid, orflowers of
benzoin, a peculiar vegetable acid, C6H5.CO2H, obtainedfrom benzoin, and some other
balsams, by sublimation or decoction. Itis also found in the urine of infants and
herbivorous animals. Itcrystallizes in the form of white, satiny flakes; its odor
isaromatic; its taste is pungent, and somewhat acidulous.-- Benzoic aldehyde, oil
of bitter almonds; the aldehyde, C6H5.CHO,intermediate in composition between
benzoic or benzyl alcohol, andbenzoic acid. It is a thin colorless liquid.
BENZOIN,The spicebush (Lindera benzoin). Flowers of benzoin, benzoicacid. See under
Benzoic.
BENZOINATED,Containing or impregnated with benzoin; as, benzoinated lard.
BENZOLINE,A white crystalline powder used as an intestinal antiseptic;beta-naphthol
benzoate.
BENZOSOL,Guaiacol benzoate, used as an intestinal antiseptic and as asubstitute for
creosote in phthisis. It is a colorless crystallinepewder.
BENZOYL,A compound radical, C6H5.CO; the base of benzoic acid, of theoil of bitter
almonds, and of an extensive series of compounds.[Formerly written also benzule.]
BENZYL,A compound radical, C6H5.CH2, related to toluene and benzoicacid; --
commonly used adjectively.
BEPAINT,To paint; to cover or color with, or as with, paint.Else would a maiden
blush bepaint my cheek. Shak.
BEPELT,To pelt roundly.
BEPINCH,To pinch, or mark with pinches. Chapman.
BEPLASTER,To plaster over; to cover or smear thickly; to bedaub.Beplastered with
rouge. Goldsmith.
BEPLUMED,Decked with feathers.
BEPOMMEL,To pommel; to beat, as with a stick; figuratively, to assail orcriticise
in conversation, or in writing. Thackeray.
BEPOWDER,To sprinkle or cover with powder; to powder.
BEPRAISE,To praise greatly or extravagantly. Goldsmith.
BEPROSE,To reduce to prose. [R.] "To beprose all rhyme." Mallet.
BEPUFFED,Puffed; praised. Carlyle.
BEPURPLE,To tinge or dye with a purple color.
BEQUEATHABLE,Capable of being bequeathed.
BEQUEATHAL,The act of bequeathing; bequeathment; bequest. Fuller.
BEQUEATHMENT,The act of bequeathing, or the state of being bequeathed; abequest.
BEQUEST,To bequeath, or leave as a legacy. [Obs.] "All I have tobequest."
Gascoigne.
BEQUETHEN,old p. p. of Bequeath. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BEQUOTE,To quote constantly or with great frequency.
BERAIN,To rain upon; to wet with rain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BERATE,To rate or chide vehemently; to scold. Holland. Motley.
BERATTLE,To make rattle; to scold vociferously; to cry down. [Obs.]Shak.
BERAY,TO make foul; to soil; to defile. [Obs.] Milton.
BERBE,An African genet (Genetta pardina). See Genet.
BERBER,A member of a race somewhat resembling the Arabs, but oftenclassed as
Hamitic, who were formerly the inhabitants of the whole ofNorth Africa from the
Mediterranean southward into the Sahara, andwho still occupy a large part of that
region; -- called also Kabyles.Also, the language spoken by this people.
BERBERINE,An alkaloid obtained, as a bitter, yellow substance, from theroot of the
barberry, gold thread, and other plants.
BERBERRY,See Barberry.
BERCEUSE,A vocal or instrumental composition of a soft tranquilcharacter, having a
lulling effect; a cradle song.
BERDASH,,n.A kind of neckcloth. [Obs.]A treatise against the cravat and berdash.
Steele.
BERE,, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OIcel. berja to strike.] To pierce. [Obs.]Chaucer.
BEREAVEMENT,The state of being bereaved; deprivation; esp., the loss of arelative
by death.
BEREAVER,One who bereaves.
BEREFT,of Bereave.
BERETTA,Same as Berretta.
BERG,A large mass or hill, as of ice.Glittering bergs of ice. Tennyson.
BERGANDER,A European duck (Anas tadorna). See Sheldrake.
BERGERET,A pastoral song. [Obs.]
BERGH,A hill. [Obs.]
BERGMASTER,See Barmaster.
BERGMEAL,(Min.) An earthy substance, resembling fine flour. It iscomposed of the
shells of infusoria, and in Lapland and Sweden issometimes eaten, mixed with flour
or ground birch bark, in times ofscarcity. This name is also given to a white
powdery variety ofcalcite.
BERGMOTE,See Barmote.
BERGOMASK,A rustic dance, so called in ridicule of the people of Bergamo,in Italy,
once noted for their clownishness.
BERGSCHRUND,The crevasse or series of crevasses, usually deep and oftenbroad,
frequently occurring near the head of a mountain glacier,about where the névé field
joins the valley portion of the glacier.
BERGSTOCK,A long pole with a spike at the end, used in climbingmountains; an
alpenstock.
BERGYLT,The Norway haddock. See Rosefish.
BERHYME,To mention in rhyme or verse; to rhyme about.
BERIBERI,An acute disease occurring in India, characterized by multipleinflammatory
changes in the nerves, producing great musculardebility, a painful rigidity of the
limbs, and cachexy.
BERIME,To berhyme.
BERING SEA CONTROVERSY,A controversy (1886 --93) between Great Britain and the
UnitedStates as to the right of Canadians not licensed by the United Statesto carry
on seal fishing in the Bering Sea, over which the UnitedStates claimed jurisdiction
as a mare clausum. A court ofarbitration, meeting in Paris in 1893, decided against
the claim ofthe United States, but established regulations for the preservationof
the fur seal.
BERKELEIAN,,a.Of or relating to Bishop Berkeley or his system of idealism;as,
Berkeleian philosophy.-- Berke"ley*ism, n.
BERLIN,A narrow shelf or path between the bottom of a parapet and theditch.
BERMUDA GRASS,A kind of grass (Cynodon Dactylon) esteemed for pasture in
theSouthern United States. It is a native of Southern Europe, but is nowwide-spread
in warm countries; -- called also scutch grass, and inBermuda, devil grass.
BERMUDA LILY,The large white lily (Lilium longiflorum eximium, syn. L.Harrisii)
which is extensively cultivated in Bermuda.
BERNA FLY,A Brazilian dipterous insect of the genus Trypeta, which laysits eggs in
the nostrils or in wounds of man and beast, where thelarvæ do great injury.
BERNACLE,See Barnacle.
BERNARDINE,Of or pertaining to St. Bernard of Clairvaux, or to theCistercian
monks.-- n.
BERNESE,Pertaining to the city o -- n. sing. & pl.
BERNICLE,A bernicle goose. [Written also barnacle.] Bernicle goose(Zoöl.), a goose
(Branta leucopsis), of Arctic Europe and America. Itwas formerly believed that it
hatched from the cirripeds of the sea(Lepas), which were, therefore, called
barnacles, goose barnacles, orAnatifers. The name is also applied to other related
species. SeeAnatifa and Cirripedia.
BERNOUSE,Some as Burnoose.
BEROB,To rob; to plunder. [Obs.]
BEROE,A small, oval, transparent jellyfish, belonging to theCtenophora.
BERRETTA,A square cap worn by ecclesiastics of the Roman CatholicChurch. A
cardinal's berretta is scarlet; that worn by other clericsis black, except that a
bishop's is lined with green. [Also speltberetta, biretta, etc.]
BERRIED,Furnished with berries; consisting of a berry; baccate; as, aberried shrub.
BERRY,A small fruit that is pulpy or succulent throughout, havingseeds loosely
imbedded in the pulp, as the currant, grape, blueberry.
BERRYING,A seeking for or gathering of berries, esp. of such as growwild.
BERSEEM,An Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) extensivelycultivated as a
forage plant and soil-renewing crop in the alkalinesoils of the Nile valley, and
now introduced into the southwesternUnited States. It is more succulent than other
clovers or thanalfalfa. Called also Egyptian clover.
BERSTLE,See Bristle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BERTHA,A kind of collar or cape worn by ladies.
BERTHAGE,A place for mooring vessels in a dock or harbor.
BERTHIERITE,A double sulphide of antimony and iron, of a dark steel-graycolor.
BERTHING,The planking outside of a vessel, above the sheer strake.Smyth.
BERTILLON SYSTEM,A system for the identification of persons by a
physicaldescription based upon anthropometric measurements, notes ofmarkings,
deformities, color, impression of thumb lines, etc.
BERTRAM,Pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum).
BERYCOID,Of or pertaining to the Berycidæ, a family of marine fishes.
BERYL,A mineral of great hardness, and, when transparent, of muchbeauty. It occurs
in hexagonal prisms, commonly of a green or bluishgreen color, but also yellow,
pink, and white. It is a silicate ofaluminium and glucinum (beryllium). The
aquamarine is a transparent,sea-green variety used as a gem. The emerald is another
varietyhighly prized in jewelry, and distinguished by its deep color, whichis
probably due to the presence of a little oxide of chromium.
BERYLLINE,Like a beryl; of a light or bluish green color.
BERYLLIUM,A metallic element found in the beryl. See Glucinum.
BERYLLOID,A solid consisting of a double twelve-sided pyramid; -- socalled because
the planes of this form occur on crystals of beryl.
BES-ANTLER,Same as Bez-antler.
BESAINT,To make a saint of.
BESANT,See Bezant.
BESCORN,To treat with scorn. "Then was he bescorned." Chaucer.
BESCRATCH,To tear with the nails; to cover with scratches.
BESCRAWL,To cover with scrawls; to scribble over. Milton.
BESCREEN,To cover with a screen, or as with a screen; to shelter; toconceal. Shak.
BESCRIBBLE,To scribble over. "Bescribbled with impertinences." Milton.
BESEE,To see; to look; to mind. [Obs.] Wyclif.
BESEECH,Solicitation; supplication. [Obs. or Poetic] Shak.
BESEECHER,One who beseeches.
BESEECHING,Entreating urgently; imploring; as, a beseeching look.--
Be*seech"ing*ly, adv.-- Be*seech"ing*ness, n.
BESEECHMENT,The act of beseeching or entreating earnestly. [R.] Goodwin.
BESEEK,To beseech. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BESEEM,Literally: To appear or seem (well, ill, best, etc.) for (one)to do or to
have. Hence: To be fit, suitable, or proper for, orworthy of; to become; to befit.A
duty well beseeming the preachers. Clarendon.What form of speech or behavior
beseemeth us, in our prayers to GodHocker.
BESEEMING,Becoming; suitable. [Archaic] -- Be*seem"ing*ly, adv.-- Be*seem"ing*ness,
n.
BESEEMLY,Fit; suitable; becoming. [Archaic]In beseemly order sitten there.
Shenstone.
BESETMENT,The act of besetting, or the state of being beset; also, thatwhich besets
one, as a sin. "Fearing a besetment." Kane.
BESETTER,One who, or that which, besets.
BESETTING,Habitually attacking, harassing, or pressing upon or about; as,a
besetting sin.
BESHINE,To shine upon; to ullumine.
BESHOW,A large food fish (Anoplopoma fimbria) of the north Pacificcoast; -- called
also candlefish.
BESHREW,To curse; to execrate.Beshrew me, but I love her heartily. Shak.
BESHROUD,To cover with, or as with, a shroud; to screen.
BESHUT,To shut up or out. [Obs.]
BESIDES,Over and above; separate or distinct from; in addition to;other than; else
than. See Beside, prep., 3, and Syn. under Beside.Besides your cheer, you shall
have sport. Shak.
BESIEGE,To beset or surround with armed forces, for the purpose ofcompelling to
surrender; to lay siege to; to beleaguer; to beset.Till Paris was besieged,
famished, and lost. Shak.
BESIEGEMENT,The act of besieging, or the state of being besieged. Golding.
BESIEGER,One who besieges; -- opposed to the besieged.
BESIEGING,That besieges; laying siege to.-- Be*sie"ging*ly, adv.
BESIT,To suit; to fit; to become. [Obs.]
BESLABBER,To beslobber.
BESLAVE,To enslave. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
BESLAVER,To defile with slaver; to beslobber.
BESLIME,To daub with slime; to soil. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BESLOBBER,To slobber on; to smear with spittle running from the mouth.Also Fig.:
as, to beslobber with praise.
BESLUBBER,To beslobber.
BESMEAR,To smear with any viscous, glutinous matter; to bedaub; tosoil.Besmeared
with precious balm. Spenser.
BESMEARER,One that besmears.
BESMIRCH,To smirch or soil; to discolor; to obscure. Hence: To dishonor;to sully.
Shak.
BESMUT,To blacken with smut; to foul with soot.
BESNUFF,To befoul with snuff. Young.
BESOGNE,A worthless fellow; a bezonian. [Obs.]
BESOM,A brush of twigs for sweeping; a broom; anything which sweepsaway or
destroys. [Archaic or Fig.]I will sweep it with the besom of destruction. Isa. xiv.
23.The housemaid with her besom. W. Irving.
BESOMER,One who uses a besom. [Archaic]
BESORT,To assort or be congruous with; to fit, or become. [Obs.]Such men as may
besort your age. Shak.
BESOT,To make sottish; to make dull or stupid; to stupefy; toinfatuate.Fools
besotted with their crimes. Hudibras.
BESOTTED,Made sottish, senseless, or infatuated; characterized bydrunken stupidity,
or by infatuation; stupefied. "Besotted devotion."Sir W. Scott.-- Be*sot"ted*ly,
adv.-- Be*sot"ted*ness, n. Milton.
BESOTTINGLY,In a besotting manner.
BESOUGHT,of Beseech.
BESPANGLE,To adorn with spangles; to dot or sprinkle with somethingbrilliant or
glittering.The grass . . . is all bespangled with dewdrops. Cowper.
BESPAWL,To daub, soil, or make foul with spawl or spittle. [Obs.]Milton.
BESPEAK,To speak. [Obs.] Milton.
BESPEAKER,One who bespeaks.
BESPECKLE,To mark with speckles or spots. Milton.
BESPEW,To soil or daub with spew; to vomit on.
BESPICE,To season with spice, or with some spicy drug. Shak.
BESPIRT,Same as Bespurt.
BESPIT,To daub or soil with spittle. Johnson.
BESPOKE,imp. & p. p. of Bespeak.
BESPOT,To mark with spots, or as with spots.
BESPREAD,To spread or cover over.The carpet which bespread His rich pavilion's
floor. Glover.
BESPRENT,Sprinkled over; strewed.His face besprent with liquid crystal shines.
Shenstone.The floor with tassels of fir was besprent. Longfellow.
BESPRINKLE,To sprinkle over; to scatter over.The bed besprinkles, and bedews the
ground. Dryden.
BESPRINKLER,One who, or that which, besprinkles.
BESPRINKLING,The act of sprinkling anything; a sprinkling over.
BESPURT,To spurt on or over; to asperse. [Obs.] Milton.
BESSEMER STEEL,Steel made directly from cast iron, by burning out a portion ofthe
carbon and other impurities that the latter contains, through theagency of a blast
of air which is forced through the molten metal; --so called from Sir Henry
Bessemer, an English engineer, the inventorof the process.
BEST,Utmost; highest endeavor or state; most nearly perfect thing,or being, or
action; as, to do one's best; to the best of ourability. At best, in the utmost
degree or extent applicable to thecase; under the most favorable circumstances; as,
life is at bestvery short.-- For best, finally. [Obs.] "Those constitutions . . .
are nowestablished for best, and not to be mended." Milton.-- To get the best of,
to gain an advantage over, whether fairly orunfairly.-- To make the best of. (a) To
improve to the utmost; to use ordispose of to the greatest advantage. "Let there be
freedom to carrytheir commodities where they can make the best of them." Bacon.
(b)To reduce to the least possible inconvenience; as, to make the bestof ill
fortune or a bad bargain.
BESTAD,Beset; put in peril. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BESTAIN,To stain.
BESTAR,To sprinkle with, or as with, stars; to decorate with, or aswith, stars; to
bestud. "Bestarred with anemones." W. Black.
BESTIAL,A domestic animal; also collectively, cattle; as, other kindsof bestial.
[Scot.]
BESTIALIZE,To make bestial, or like a beast; to degrade; to brutalize.The process
of bestializing humanity. Hare.
BESTIALLY,In a bestial manner.
BESTIARY,A treatise on beasts; esp., one of the moralizing orallegorical beast
tales written in the Middle Ages.
BESTICK,To stick over, as with sharp points pressed in; to mark byinfixing points
or spots here and there; to pierce.Truth shall retire Bestuck with slanderous
darts. Milton.
BESTILL,To make still.
BESTIR,To put into brisk or vigorous action; to move with life andvigor; -- usually
with the reciprocal pronoun.You have so bestirred your valor. Shak.Rouse and bestir
themselves ere well awake. Milton.
BESTORM,To storm. Young.
BESTOWAL,The act of bestowing; disposal.
BESTOWER,One that bestows.
BESTRADDLE,To bestride.
BESTRAUGHT,Out of one's senses; distracted; mad. [Obs.] Shak.
BESTREAK,To streak.
BESTREW,To strew or scatter over; to besprinkle. [Spelt also bestrow.]Milton.
BESTRODE,imp. & p. p. of Bestride.
BESTROWN,p. p. of Bestrew.
BESTUCK,imp. & p. p. Bestick.
BESTUD,To set or adorn, as with studs or bosses; to set thickly; tostud; as, to
bestud with stars. Milton.
BESWIKE,To lure; to cheat. [Obs.] Gower.
BET,That which is laid, staked, or pledged, as between two parties,upon the event
of a contest or any contingent issue; the act ofgiving such a pledge; a wager.
"Having made his bets." Goldsmith.
BETA RAYS,Penetrating rays readily deflected by a magnetic or electricfield,
emitted by radioactive substances, as radium. They consist ofnegatively charged
particles or electrons, apparently the same inkind as those of the cathode rays,
but having much higher velocities(about 35,000 to 180,000 miles per second).
BETA,The second letter of the Greek alphabet, B, b. See B, and cf.etymology of
Alphabet. Beta (B, b) is used variously for classifying,as:(a) (Astron.) To
designate some bright star, usually the secondbrightest, of a constellation, as, b
Aurigæ.(b) (Chem.) To distinguish one of two or more isomers; also, toindicate the
position of substituting atoms or groups in certaincompounds; as, b-naphthol. With
acids, it commonly indicates that thesubstituent is in union with the carbon atom
next to that to whichthe carboxyl group is attached.
BETAINE,A nitrogenous base, C5H11NO2, produced artificially, and alsooccurring
naturally in beetroot molasses and its residues, from whichit is extracted as a
white crystalline substance; -- called alsolycine and oxyneurine. It has a sweetish
taste.
BETAUGHT,Delivered; committed in trust. [Obs.]
BETE NOIRE,Something especially hated or dreaded; a bugbear.
BETE,To better; to mend. See Beete. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BETEELA,An East India muslin, formerly used for cravats, veils, etc.[Obs.]
BETEL NUT,The nutlike seed of the areca palm, chewed in the East withbetel leaves
(whence its name) and shell lime.
BETEL,A species of pepper (Piper betle), the leaves of which arechewed, with the
areca or betel nut and a little shell lime, by theinhabitants of the East Indies. I
is a woody climber with ovatemanynerved leaves.
BETELGUESE,A bright star of the first magnitude, near one shoulder ofOrion.
[Written also Betelgeux and Betelgeuse.]
BETHABARA WOOD,A highly elastic wood, used for fishing rods, etc. The tree
isunknown, but it is thought to be East Indian.
BETHINK,To call to mind; to recall or bring to recollection,reflection, or
consideration; to think; to consider; -- generallyfollowed by a reflexive pronoun,
often with of or that before thesubject of thought.I have bethought me of another
fault. Shak.The rest . . . may . . . bethink themselves, and recover. Milton.We
bethink a means to break it off. Shak.
BETHLEHEM,In the Ethiopic church, a small building attached to a churchedifice, in
which the bread for the eucharist is made. Audsley.
BETHOUGHT,imp. & p. p. of Bethink.
BETHRALL,To reduce to thralldom; to inthrall. [Obs.] Spenser.
BETHUMB,To handle; to wear or soil by handling; as books. Poe.
BETHUMP,To beat or thump soundly. Shak.
BETIDE,To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide thewanderer.What will
betide the few Milton.
BETITLE,To furnish with a title or titles; to entitle. [Obs.] Carlyle.
BETON,The French name for concrete; hence, concrete made after theFrench fashion.
BETONGUE,To attack with the tongue; to abuse; to insult.
BETONY,A plant of the genus Betonica (Linn.).
BETOOK,of Betake.
BETORN,Torn in pieces; tattered.
BETOSS,To put in violent motion; to agitate; to disturb; to toss. "Mybetossed
soul." Shak.
BETRAYAL,The act or the result of betraying.
BETRAYER,One who, or that which, betrays.
BETRAYMENT,Betrayal. [R.] Udall.
BETRIM,To set in order; to adorn; to deck, to embellish; to trim.Shak.
BETROTHAL,The act of betrothing, or the fact of being betrothed; a mutualpromise,
engagement, or contract for a future marriage between thepersons betrothed;
betrothment; affiance. "The feast of betrothal."Longfellow.
BETROTHMENT,The act of betrothing, or the state of being betrothed;betrothal.
BETRUST,To trust or intrust. [Obs.]
BETRUSTMENT,The act of intrusting, or the thing intrusted. [Obs.] Chipman.
BETSO,A small brass Venetian coin. [Obs.]
BETTER,To become better; to improve. Carlyle.
BETTERMENT,An improvement of an estate which renders it better than mererepairing
would do; -- generally used in the plural. [U. S.] Bouvier.
BETTERMOST,Best. [R.] "The bettermost classes." Brougham.
BETTONG,A small, leaping Australian marsupial of the genus Bettongia;the jerboa
kangaroo.
BETTOR,One who bets; a better. Addison.
BETTY,A short bar used by thieves to wrench doors open. [Written alsobettee.]The
powerful betty, or the artful picklock. Arbuthnot.
BETULIN,A substance of a resinous nature, obtained from the outer barkof the common
European birch (Betula alba), or from the tar preparedtherefrom; -- called also
birch camphor. Watts.
BETUMBLE,To throw into disorder; to tumble. [R.]From her betumbled couch she
starteth. Shak.
BETUTOR,To tutor; to instruct. Coleridge.
BETWEEN,Intermediate time or space; interval. [Poetic & R.] Shak.
BEURRE,A beurré (or buttery) pear, one with the meas, Beurré d'Anjou;Beurré
Clairgeau.
BEVEL GEAR,A kind of gear in which the two wheels working together lie indifferent
planes, and have their teeth cut at right angles to thesurfaces of two cones whose
apices coincide with the point where theaxes of the wheels would meet.
BEVEL,To cut to a bevel angle; to slope the edge or surface of.
BEVELMENT,The replacement of an edge by two similar planes, equallyinclined to the
including faces or adjacent planes.
BEVER,A light repast between meals; a lunch. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
BEVILE,A chief broken or opening like a carpenter's bevel. Encyc.Brit.
BEWAIL,To express deep sorrow for, as by wailing; to lament; to wailover.Hath
widowed and unchilded many a one, Which to this hour bewail theinjury. Shak.
BEWAILABLE,Such as may, or ought to, be bewailed; lamentable.
BEWAILER,One who bewails or laments.
BEWAILING,Wailing over; lamenting.-- Be*wail"ing*ly, adv.
BEWAILMENT,The act of bewailing.
BEWAKE,To keep watch over; to keep awake. [Obs.] Gower.
BEWARE,To avoid; to take care of; to have a care for. [Obs.] "Priest,beware your
beard." Shak.To wish them beware the son. Milton.
BEWASH,To drench or souse with water. "Let the maids bewash the men."Herrick.
BEWEEP,To weep over; to deplore; to bedew with tears. "His timelessdeath
beweeping." Drayton.
BEWET,To wet or moisten. Gay.
BEWIG,To cover (the head) with a wig. Hawthorne.
BEWILDER,To lead into perplexity or confusion, as for want of a plainpath; to
perplex with mazes; or in general, to perplex or confusegreatly.Lost and bewildered
in the fruitless search. Addison.
BEWILDERED,Greatly perplexed; as, a bewildered mind.
BEWILDEREDNESS,The state of being bewildered; bewilderment. [R.]
BEWILDERING,Causing bewilderment or great perplexity; as,
bewilderingdifficulties.-- Be*wil"der*ing*ly, adv.
BEWINTER,To make wintry. [Obs.]
BEWIT,A double slip of leather by which bells are fastened to ahawk's legs.
BEWITCHEDNESS,The state of being bewitched. Gauden.
BEWITCHER,One who bewitches.
BEWITCHERY,The power of bewitching or fascinating; bewitchment;
charm;fascination.There is a certain bewitchery or fascination in words. South.
BEWITCHING,Having power to bewitch or fascinate; enchanting;
captivating;charming.-- Be*witch"ing*ly, adv.-- Be*witch"ing*ness, n.
BEWRAP,To wrap up; to cover. Fairfax.
BEWRAY,To soil. See Beray.
BEWRAYER,One who, or that which, bewrays; a revealer. [Obs. or Archaic]Addison.
BEWRAYMENT,Betrayal. [R.]
BEWRECK,To wreck. [Obs.]
BEWREKE,To wreak; to avenge. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.
BEWROUGHT,Embroidered. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BEY,A governor of a province or district in the Turkish dominions;also, in some
places, a prince or nobleman; a beg; as, the bey ofTunis.
BEYLIC,The territory ruled by a bey.
BEYOND,Further away; at a distance; yonder.Lo, where beyond he lyeth languishing.
Spenser.
BEZ-ANTLER,The second branch of a stag's horn.
BEZANT,A circle in or, i. e., gold, representing the gold coin calledbezant. Burke.
BEZEL,The rim which encompasses and fastens a jewel or other object,as the crystal
of a watch, in the cavity in which it is set.
BEZIQUE,A game at cards in which various combinations of cards in thehand, when
declared, score points.
BEZOAR,A calculous concretion found in the intestines of certainruminant animals
(as the wild goat, the gazelle, and the Peruvianllama) formerly regarded as an
unfailing antidote for poison, and acertain remedy for eruptive, pestilential, or
putrid diseases. Hence:Any antidote or panacea.
BEZOARDIC,Pertaining to, or compounded with, bezoar.-- n.
BEZONIAN,A low fellow or scoundrel; a beggar.Great men oft die by vile bezonians.
Shak.
BEZPOPOVTSY,A Russian sect. See Raskolnik.
BEZZLE,To plunder; to waste in riot. [Obs.]
BHANG,An astringent and narcotic drug made from the dried leaves andseed capsules
of wild hemp (Cannabis Indica), and chewed or smoked inthe East as a means of
intoxication. See Hasheesh.
BHUNDER,An Indian monkey (Macacus Rhesus), protected by the Hindoos assacred. See
Rhesus.
BIACID,Having two hydrogen atoms which can be replaced by negativeatoms or radicals
to form salts; -- said of bases. See Diacid.
BIACUMINATE,Having points in two directions.
BIANGULAR,Having two angles or corners.
BIANGULOUS,Biangular. [R.]
BIANNUAL,Occurring twice a year; half-yearly; semiannual.
BIANTHERIFEROUS,Having two anthers.
BIARTICULATE,Having, or consisting of, tow joints.
BIAS,In a slanting manner; crosswise; obliquely; diagonally; as, tocut cloth bias.
BIAURICULATE,Having two auricles, as the heart of mammals, birds, andreptiles.
BIB,An arctic fish (Gadus luscus), allied to the cod; -- calledalso pout and
whiting pout.
BIBACIOUS,Addicted to drinking.
BIBACITY,The practice or habit of drinking too much; tippling. Blount.
BIBASIC,Having to hydrogen atoms which can be replaced by positive orbasic atoms or
radicals to form salts; -- said of acids. See Dibasic.
BIBB,A bibcock. See Bib, n., 3.
BIBBER,One given to drinking alcoholic beverages too freely; atippler; -- chiefly
used in composition; as, winebibber.
BIBBLE-BABBLE,Idle talk; babble. Shak.
BIBBS,Pieces of timber bolted to certain parts of a mast tp supportthe
trestletrees.
BIBCOCK,A cock or faucet having a bent down nozzle. Knight.
BIBELOT,A small decorative object without practical utility.
BIBIRINE,See Bebeerine.
BIBITORY,Of or pertaining to drinking or tippling.
BIBLE,A book with an authoritative exposition of some topic,respected by many
experts on the field. Bible Society, an associationfor securing the multiplication
and wide distribution of the Bible.-- Douay Bible. See Douay Bible.-- Geneva Bible.
See under Geneva.
BIBLER,A great drinker; a tippler. [Written also bibbler andbibbeler.]
BIBLICAL,Pertaining to, or derived from, the Bible; as, biblicallearning; biblical
authority.
BIBLICALITY,The quality of being biblical; a biblical subject. [R.]
BIBLICALLY,According to the Bible.
BIBLICISM,Learning or literature relating to the Bible. [R.]
BIBLICIST,One skilled in the knowledge of the Bible; a demonstrator ofreligious
truth by the Scriptures.
BIBLIOGRAPH,Bibliographer.
BIBLIOGRAPHER,One who writes, or is versed in, bibliography.
BIBLIOGRAPHY,A history or description of books and manuscripts, with noticesof the
different editions, the times when they were printed, etc.
BIBLIOLATRY,Book worship, esp. of the Bible; -- applied by Roman Catholicdivine
Coleridge. F. W. Newman.
BIBLIOLOGICAL,Relating to bibliology.
BIBLIOMANCY,A kind of divination, performed by selecting passages ofScripture at
hazard, and drawing from them indications concerningfuture events.
BIBLIOMANIA,A mania for acquiring books.
BIBLIOMANIAC,One who has a mania for books.-- a.
BIBLIOMANIACAL,Pertaining to a passion for books; relating to a bibliomaniac.
BIBLIOPEGIC,Relating to the binding of books. [R.]
BIBLIOPEGIST,A bookbinder.
BIBLIOPEGISTIC,Pertaining to the art of binding books. [R.] Dibdin.
BIBLIOPEGY,The art of binding books. [R.]
BIBLIOPHILE,A lover of books.
BIBLIOPHILISM,Love of books.
BIBLIOPHILIST,A lover of books.
BIBLIOPHOBIA,A dread of books. [R.]
BIBLIOPOLE,One who sells books.
BIBLIOPOLISM,The trade or business of selling books.
BIBLIOPOLIST,Same as Bibliopole.
BIBLIOPOLISTIC,Of or pertaining to bibliopolism. Dibdin.
BIBLIOTHEC,A librarian.
BIBLIOTHECA,A library.
BIBLIOTHECAL,Belonging to a library. Byrom.
BIBLIOTHECARY,A librarian. [Obs.] Evelin.
BIBLIOTHEKE,A library. [Obs.] Bale.
BIBRACTEATE,Furnished with, or having, two bracts.
BIBULOUSLY,In a bibulous manner; with profuse imbibition or absorption. DeQuincey.
BICALCARATE,Having two spurs, as the wing or leg of a bird.
BICAMERAL,Consisting of, or including, two chambers, or legislativebranches.
Bentham.
BICAPSULAR,Having two capsules; as, a bicapsular pericarp.
BICARBONATE,A carbonate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid isreplaced by a
positive element or radical, thus making the proportionof the acid to the positive
or basic portion twice what it is in thenormal carbonates; an acid carbonate; --
sometimes calledsupercarbonate.
BICARINATE,Having two keel-like projections, as the upper palea ofgrasses.
BICAUDAL,Having, or terminating in, two tails.
BICAUDATE,Two-tailed; bicaudal.
BICCHED,Pecked; pitted; notched. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bicched bones, pecked,or notched,
bones; dice.
BICENTENARY,Of or pertaining to two hundred, esp. to two hundred years; as,a
bicentenary celebration.-- n.
BICENTENNIAL,The two hundredth year or anniversary, or its celebration.
BICEPHALOUS,Having two heads.
BICEPS,A muscle having two heads or origins; -- applied particularlyto a flexor in
the arm, and to another in the thigh.
BICHIR,A remarkable ganoid fish (Polypterus bichir) found in the Nileand other
African rivers. See Brachioganoidei.
BICHLORIDE,A compound consisting of two atoms of chlorine with one or moreatoms of
another element; -- called also dichloride. Bichloride ofmercury, mercuric
chloride; -- sometimes called corrosive sublimate.
BICHO,See Jigger.
BICHROMATE,A salt containing two parts of chromic acid to one of the
otheringredients; as, potassium bichromate; -- called also dichromate.
BICHROMATIZE,To combine or treat with a bichromate, esp. with bichromate
ofpotassium; as, bichromatized gelatine.
BICIPITAL,Dividing into two parts at one extremity; having two heads ortwo
supports; as, a bicipital tree.
BICIPITOUS,Having two heads; bicipital. "Bicipitous serpents." Sir T.Browne.
BICKER,A small wooden vessel made of staves and hoops, like a tub.[Prov. Eng.]
BICKERER,One who bickers.
BICKERMENT,Contention. [Obs.] Spenser.
BICKERN,An anvil ending in a beak or point (orig. in two beaks); also,the beak or
horn itself.
BICOLLIGATE,Having the anterior toes connected by a basal web.
BICONCAVE,Concave on both sides; as, biconcave vertebræ.
BICONJUGATE,Twice paired, as when a petiole forks twice. Gray.
BICONVEX,Convex on both sides; as, a biconvex lens.
BICORPORAL,Having two bodies.
BICORPORATE,Double-bodied, as a lion having one head and two bodies.
BICOSTATE,Having two principal ribs running longitudinally, as a leaf.
BICRENATE,Twice crenated, as in the case of leaves whose crenatures arethemselves
crenate.
BICRESCENTIC,Having the form of a double crescent.
BICRURAL,Having two legs. Hooker.
BICUSPID,One of the two double-pointed teeth which intervene between thecanines
(cuspids) and the molars, on each side of each jaw. SeeTooth, n.
BICYANIDE,See Dicyanide.
BICYCLE,A light vehicle having two wheels one behind the other. It hasa saddle seat
and is propelled by the rider's feet acting on cranksor levers.
BICYCLER,One who rides a bicycle.
BICYCLIC,Relating to bicycles.
BICYCLING,The use of a bicycle; the act or practice of riding a bicycle.
BICYCLISM,The art of riding a bicycle.
BICYCLIST,A bicycler.
BICYCULAR,Relating to bicycling.
BID,imp. & p. p. of Bid.
BIDALE,An invitation of friends to drink ale at some poor man's house,and there to
contribute in charity for his relief. [Prov. Eng.]
BIDDABLE,Obedient; docile. [Scot.]
BIDDEN,of Bid.
BIDDER,One who bids or offers a price. Burke.
BIDDERY WARE,A kind of metallic ware made in India. The material is acomposition of
zinc, tin, and lead, in which ornaments of gold andsilver are inlaid or damascened.
[Spelt also bidry, bidree, bedery,beder.]
BIDDING PRAYER,The prayer for the souls of benefactors, said before thesermon.
BIDDY,A name used in calling a hen or chicken. Shak.
BIDENT,An instrument or weapon with two prongs.
BIDENTAL,Having two teeth. Swift.
BIDENTATE,Having two teeth or two toothlike processes; two-toothed.
BIDIGITATE,Having two fingers or fingerlike projections.
BIDING,Residence; habitation. Rowe.
BIELD,A shelter. Same as Beild. [Scot.]
BIELID,See Andromede.
BIENNIAL,Continuing for two years, and then perishing, as plants whichform roots
and leaves the first year, and produce fruit the second.
BIENNIALLY,Once in two years.
BIER,A count of forty threads in the warp or chain of woolen cloth.Knight.
BIERBALK,A church road (e. g., a path across fields) for funerals.[Obs.] Homilies.
BIFACIAL,Having the opposite surfaces alike.
BIFARIOUS,Pointing two ways, as leaves that grow only on opposite sidesof a branch;
in two vertical rows.
BIFARIOUSLY,In a bifarious manner.
BIFEROUS,Bearing fruit twice a year.
BIFID,Cleft to the middle or slightly beyond the middle; opening witha cleft;
divided by a linear sinus, with straight margins.
BIFIDATE,See Bifid.
BIFILAR,Two-threaded; involving the use of two threads; as, bifilarsuspension; a
bifilar balance. Bifilar micrometer (often called abifilar), an instrument form
measuring minute distances or angles bymeans of two very minute threads (usually
spider lines), one ofwhich, at least, is movable; -- more commonly called a
filarmicrometer.
BIFLABELLATE,Flabellate on both sides.
BIFLAGELLATE,Having two long, narrow, whiplike appendages.
BIFOCAL,Having two foci, as some spectacle lenses.
BIFOLD,Twofold; double; of two kinds, degrees, etc. Shak.
BIFOLIATE,Having two leaves; two-leaved.
BIFOLIOLATE,Having two leaflets, as some compound leaves.
BIFORATE,Having two perforations.
BIFORINE,An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain plants ofthe order
Araceæ. It has an opening at each end through whichraphides, generated inside, are
discharged.
BIFORKED,Bifurcate.
BIFORM,Having two forms, bodies, or shapes. Croxall.
BIFORMED,Having two forms. Johnson.
BIFORMITY,A double form.
BIFORN,Before. [Obs.]
BIFOROUS,See Biforate.
BIFRONTED,Having two fronts. "Bifronted Janus." Massinger.
BIFURCATE,To divide into two branches.
BIFURCATION,A forking, or division into two branches.
BIFURCOUS,See Bifurcate, a. [R.] Coles.
BIG BEND STATE,Tennessee; -- a nickname.
BIG,Barley, especially the hardy four-rowed kind."Bear interchanges in local use,
now with barley, now with bigg." NewEnglish Dict.
BIG-BELLIED,Having a great belly; as, a big-bellied man or flagon; advancedin
pregnancy.
BIG-WIGGED,characterized by pomposity of manner. [Eng.]
BIGA,A two-horse chariot.
BIGAM,A bigamist. [Obs.]
BIGAMIST,One who is guilty of bigamy. Ayliffe.
BIGAMOUS,Guilty of bigamy; involving bigamy; as, a bigamous marriage.
BIGAMY,The offense of marrying one person when already legally marriedto another.
Wharton.
BIGEMINATE,Having a forked petiole, and a pair of leaflets at the end ofeach
division; biconjugate; twice paired; -- said of a decompoundleaf.
BIGENTIAL,Including two tribes or races of men.
BIGEYE,A fish of the genus Priacanthus, remarkable for the large sizeof the eye.
BIGG,See Big, n. & v.
BIGGEN,To make or become big; to enlarge. [Obs. or Dial.] Steele.
BIGGER,, compar. of Big.
BIGGEST,, superl. of Big.
BIGGIN,A child's cap; a hood, or something worn on the head.An old woman's biggin
for a nightcap. Massinger.
BIGHA,A measure of land in India, varying from a third of an acre toan acre.
BIGHORN,The Rocky Mountain sheep (Ovis or Caprovis montana).
BIGHT,A bend in a coast forming an open bay; as, the Bight of Benin.
BIGLANDULAR,Having two glands, as a plant.
BIGLY,In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner; haughtily; violently.He brawleth
bigly. Robynson (More's Utopia. )
BIGNESS,The state or quality of being big; largeness; size; bulk.
BIGNONIA,A large genus of American, mostly tropical, climbing shrubs,having
compound leaves and showy somewhat tubular flowers. B.capreolata is the cross vine
of the Southern United States. Thetrumpet creeper was formerly considered to be of
this genus.
BIGNONIACEOUS,Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of whichthe
trumpet flower is an example.
BIGOT,Bigoted. [Obs.]In a country more bigot than ours. Dryden.
BIGOTED,Obstinately and blindly attached to some creed, opinionpractice, or ritual;
unreasonably devoted to a system or party, andilliberal toward the opinions of
others. "Bigoted to strife." Byron.
BIGOTEDLY,In the manner of a bigot.
BIGWIG,A person of consequence; as, the bigwigs of society. [Jocose]In our youth we
have heard him spoken of by the bigwigs with extremecondescension. Dickens.
BIHYDROGURET,A compound of two atoms of hydrogen with some other substance.[Obs.]
BIJOU,A trinket; a jewel; -- a word applied to anything small and ofelegant
workmanship.
BIJOUTRY,Small articles of virtu, as jewelry, trinkets, etc.
BIJUGATE,Having two pairs, as of leaflets.
BIJUGOUS,Bijugate.
BIKE,A nest of wild bees, wasps, or ants; a swarm. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott.
BIKH,The East Indian name of a virulent poison extracted fromAconitum ferox or
other species of aconite: also, the plant itself.
BILABIATE,Having two lips, as the corols of certain flowers.
BILACINIATE,Doubly fringed.
BILALO,A two-masted passenger boat or small vessel, used in the bay ofManila.
BILAND,A byland. [Obs.] Holland.
BILANDER,A small two-masted merchant vessel, fitted only for coasting,or for use in
canals, as in Holland.Why choose we, then, like bilanders to creep Along the coast,
andland in view to keep Dryden.
BILATERAL,Of or pertaining to the two sides of a central area or organ,or of a
central axis; as, bilateral symmetry in animals, where thereis a similarity of
parts on the right and left sides of the body.
BILATERALITY,State of being bilateral.
BILBERRY,The European whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); also, itsedible bluish
black fruit.There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry. Shak.
BILBO,A long bar or bolt of iron with sliding shackles, and a lock atthe end, to
confine the feet of prisoners or offenders, esp. on boardof ships.Methought I lay
Worse than the mutines in the bilboes. Shak.
BILBOQUET,The toy called cup and ball.
BILCOCK,The European water rail.
BILDSTEIN,Same as Agalmatolite.
BILE,A yellow, or greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline inreaction, secreted by
the liver. It passes into the intestines, whereit aids in the digestive process.
Its characteristic constituents arethe bile salts, and coloring matters.
BILECTION,That portion of a group of moldings which projects beyond thegeneral
surface of a panel; a bolection.
BILESTONE,A gallstone, or biliary calculus. See Biliary. E. Darwin.
BILGE,That part of a ship's hull or bottom which is broadest and mostnearly flat,
and on which she would rest if aground.
BILGY,Having the smell of bilge water.
BILIARY,Relating or belonging to bile; conveying bile; as, biliaryacids; biliary
ducts. Biliary calculus (Med.), a gallstone, or aconcretion formed in the gall
bladder or its duct.
BILIATION,The production and excretion of bile.
BILIFEROUS,Generating bile.
BILIFUSCIN,A brownish green pigment found in human gallstones and in oldbile. It is
a derivative of bilirubin.
BILIMENT,A woman's ornament; habiliment. [Obs.]
BILIN,A name applied to the amorphous or crystalline mass obtainedfrom bile by the
action of alcohol and ether. It is composed of amixture of the sodium salts of the
bile acids.
BILINEAR,Of, pertaining to, or included by, two lines; as, bilinearcoördinates.
BILINGUAL,Containing, or consisting of, two languages; expressed in twolanguages;
as, a bilingual inscription; a bilingual dictionary.-- Bi*lin"gual*ly, adv.
BILINGUALISM,Quality of being bilingual.The bilingualism of King's English. Earle.
BILINGUAR,See Bilingual.
BILINGUIST,One versed in two languages.
BILINGUOUS,Having two tongues, or speaking two languages. [Obs.]
BILIOUSNESS,The state of being bilious.
BILIPRASIN,A dark green pigment found in small quantity in humangallstones.
BILIRUBIN,A reddish yellow pigment present in human bile, and in thatfrom
carnivorous and herbivorous animals; the normal biliary pigment.
BILITERAL,Consisting of two letters; as, a biliteral root of a Sanskritverb. Sir W.
Jones.-- n.
BILITERALISM,The property or state of being biliteral.
BILIVERDIN,A green pigment present in the bile, formed from bilirubin byoxidation.
BILK,To frustrate or disappoint; to deceive or defraud, bynonfulfillment of
engagement; to leave in the lurch; to give the slipto; as, to bilk a creditor.
Thackeray.
BILL BOOK,A book in which a person keeps an account of his notes, bills,bills of
exchange, etc., thus showing all that he issues andreceives.
BILL BROKER,One who negotiates the discount of bills.
BILL,A beak, as of a bird, or sometimes of a turtle or other animal.Milton.
BILLABONG,In Australia, a blind channel leading out from a river; --sometimes
called an anabranch. This is the sense of the word as usedin the Public Works
Department; but the term has also been locallyapplied to mere back-waters forming
stagnant pools and to certainwater channels arising from a source.
BILLAGE,and v. t. & i. Same as Bilge.
BILLARD,An English fish, allied to the cod; the coalfish. [Written alsobillet and
billit.]
BILLBOARD,A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and fixed onthe bow or
fore channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of theanchor to rest on. Totten.
BILLED,Furnished with, or having, a bill, as a bird; -- used incomposition; as,
broad-billed.
BILLET,To direct, by a ticket or note, where to lodge. Hence: Toquarter, or place
in lodgings, as soldiers in private houses.Billeted in so antiquated a mansion. W.
Irving.
BILLET-DOUX,A love letter or note.A lover chanting out a billet-doux. Spectator.
BILLETHEAD,A round piece of timber at the bow or stern of a whaleboat,around which
the harpoon lone is run out when the whale darts off.
BILLFISH,A name applied to several distinct fishes: (a) The garfish(Tylosurus, or
Belone, longirostris) and allied species. (b) Thesaury, a slender fish of the
Atlantic coast (Scomberesox saurus). (c)The Tetrapturus albidus, a large oceanic
species related to theswordfish; the spearfish. (d) The American fresh-water
garpike(Lepidosteus osseus).
BILLHEAD,A printed form, used by merchants in making out bills orrendering
accounts.
BILLHOOK,A thick, heavy knife with a hooked point, used in pruninghedges, etc. When
it has a short handle, it is sometimes called ahand bill; when the handle is long,
a hedge bill or scimiter.
BILLIARD,Of or pertaining to the game of billiards. "Smooth as is abilliard ball."
B. Jonson.
BILLIARDS,A game played with ivory balls o a cloth-covered, rectangulartable,
bounded by elastic cushions. The player seeks to impel hisball with his cue so that
it shall either strike (carom upon) twoother balls, or drive another ball into one
of the pockets with whichthe table sometimes is furnished.
BILLING,Caressing; kissing.
BILLION,According to the French and American method of numeration, athousand
millions, or 1,000,000,000; according to the English method,a million millions, or
1,000,000,000,000. See Numeration.
BILLMAN,One who uses, or is armed with, a bill or hooked ax. "A billmanof the
guard." Savile.
BILLON,An alloy of gold and silver with a large proportion of copperor other base
metal, used in coinage.
BILLOT,Bullion in the bar or mass.
BILLOW,To surge; to rise and roll in waves or surges; to undulate."The billowing
snow." Prior.
BILLOWY,Of or pertaining to billows; swelling or swollen into largewaves; full of
billows or surges; resembling billows.And whitening down the many-tinctured stream,
Descends the billowyfoam. Thomson.
BILLY GOAT,A male goat. [Colloq.]
BILLY,A slubbing or roving machine.
BILLYBOY,A flat-bottomed river barge or coasting vessel. [Eng.]
BILOBATE,Divided into two lobes or segments.
BILOBED,Bilobate.
BILOCATION,Double location; the state or power of being in two places atthe same
instant; -- a miraculous power attributed to some of thesaints. Tylor.
BILOCULAR,Divided into two cells or compartments; as, a bilocularpericarp. Gray.
BILSTED,See Sweet gum.
BILTONG,Lean meat cut into strips and sun-dried. H. R. Haggard.
BIMACULATE,Having, or marked with, two spots.
BIMANA,Animals having two hands; -- a term applied by Cuvier to man asa special
order of Mammalia.
BIMANOUS,Having two hands; two-handed.
BIMARGINATE,Having a double margin, as certain shells.
BIMASTISM,The condition of having two mammæ or teats.
BIMEDIAL,Applied to a line which is the sum of two lines commensurableonly in power
(as the side and diagonal of a square).
BIMEMBRAL,Having two members; as, a bimembral sentence. J. W. Gibbs.
BIMENSAL,See Bimonthly, a. [Obs. or R.]
BIMESTRIAL,Continuing two months. [R.]
BIMETALLIC,Of or relating to, or using, a double metallic standard (asgold and
silver) for a system of coins or currency.
BIMETALLISM,The legalized use of two metals (as gold and silver) in thecurrency of
a country, at a fixed relative value; -- in opposition tomonometallism.
BIMETALLIST,An advocate of bimetallism.
BIMOLECULAR,Pertaining to, or formed from, two molecules; as, a bimolecularreaction
(a reaction between two molecules).
BIMONTHLY,Occurring, done, or coming, once in two months; as, bimonthlyvisits;
bimonthly publications.-- n.
BIMUSCULAR,Having two adductor muscles, as a bivalve mollusk.
BIN,A box, frame, crib, or inclosed place, used as a receptacle forany commodity;
as, a corn bin; a wine bin; a coal bin.
BINAL,Twofold; double. [R.] "Binal revenge, all this." Ford.
BINARSENIATE,A salt having two equivalents of arsenic acid to one of thebase.
Graham.
BINARY,Compounded or consisting of two things or parts; characterizedby two
(things). Binary arithmetic, that in which numbers areexpressed according to the
binary scale, or in which two figuresonly, 0 and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the
cipher multiplyingeverything by two, as in common arithmetic by ten. Thus, 1 is
one; 10is two; 11 is three; 100 is four, etc. Davies & Peck.-- Binary compound
(Chem.), a compound of two elements, or of anelement and a compound performing the
function of an element, or oftwo compounds performing the function of elements.--
Binary logarithms, a system of logarithms devised by Euler forfacilitating musical
calculations, in which 1 is logarithm of 2,instead of 10, as in the common
logarithms, and the modulus 1.442695instead of .43429448.-- Binary measure (Mus.),
measure divisible by two or four; commontime.-- Binary nomenclature (Nat. Hist.),
nomenclature in which the namesdesignate both genus and species.-- Binary scale
(Arith.), a uniform scale of notation whose ratio istwo.-- Binary star (Astron.), a
double star whose members have arevolution round their common center of gravity.--
Binary theory (Chem.), the theory that all chemical compoundsconsist of two
constituents of opposite and unlike qualities.
BINATE,Double; growing in pairs or couples. Gray.
BINAURAL,Of or pertaining to, or used by, both ears.
BINBASHI,A major in the Turkish army.
BIND,Indurated clay, when much mixed with the oxide of iron. Kirwan.
BINDERY,A place where books, or other articles, are bound; abookbinder's
establishment.
BINDHEIMITE,An amorphous antimonate of lead, produced from the alterationof other
ores, as from jamesonite.
BINDING POST,A metallic post attached to electrical apparatus forconvenience in
making connections.
BINDING SCREW,A set screw used to bind parts together, esp. one for making
aconnection in an electrical circuit.
BINDING,That binds; obligatory. Binding beam (Arch.), the main timberin double
flooring.-- Binding joist (Arch.), the secondary timber in double-framedflooring.
BINDINGLY,So as to bind.
BINDINGNESS,The condition or property of being binding; obligatory
quality.Coleridge.
BINDWEED,A plant of the genus Convolvulus; as, greater bindweed (C.Sepium); lesser
bindweed (C. arvensis); the white, the blue, theSyrian, bindweed. The black bryony,
or Tamus, is called blackbindweed, and the Smilax aspera, rough bindweed.The
fragile bindweed bells and bryony rings. Tennyson.
BINE,The winding or twining stem of a hop vine or other climbingplant.
BINERVATE,Two-nerved; -- applied to leaves which have two longitudinalribs or
nerves.
BING,A heap or pile; as, a bing of wood. "Potato bings." Burns. "Abing of corn."
Surrey. [Obs. or Dial. Eng. & Scot.]
BINIODIDE,Same as Diiodide.
BINK,A bench. [North of Eng. & Scot.]
BINNACLE,A case or box placed near the helmsman, containing the compassof a ship,
and a light to show it at night. Totten.
BINNY,A large species of barbel (Barbus bynni), found in the Nile,and much esteemed
for food.
BINOCLE,A dioptric telescope, fitted with two tubes joining, so as toenable a
person to view an object with both eyes at once; a double-barreled field glass or
an opera glass.
BINOCULAR,A binocular glass, whether opera glass, telescope, ormicroscope.
BINOCULARLY,In a binocular manner.
BINOCULATE,Having two eyes.
BINOMIAL,An expression consisting of two terms connected by the signplus (+) or
minus (-); as, a+b, or 7-3.
BINOMINAL,Of or pertaining to two names; binomial.
BINOMINOUS,Binominal. [Obs.]
BINOTONOUS,Consisting of two notes; as, a binotonous cry.
BINOUS,Same as Binate.
BINOXALATE,A salt having two equivalents of oxalic acid to one of thebase; an acid
oxalate.
BINOXIDE,Same as Dioxide.
BINTURONG,A small Asiatic civet of the genus Arctilis.
BINUCLEOLATE,Having two nucleoli.
BIOBLAST,Same as Bioplast.
BIOCELLATE,Having two ocelli (eyelike spots); -- said of a wing, etc.
BIOCHEMISTRY,The chemistry of living organisms; the chemistry of theprocesses
incidental to, and characteristic of, life.
BIODYNAMICS,The doctrine of vital forces or energy.
BIOGEN,Bioplasm.
BIOGENETIC,Pertaining to biogenesis.
BIOGENIST,A believer in the theory of biogenesis.
BIOGEOGRAPHY,The branch of biology which deals with the geographicaldistribution of
animals and plants. It includes both zoögeography andphytogeography. --
Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic (#), a. --Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic*al*ly (#), adv.
BIOGNOSIS,The investigation of life.
BIOGRAPH,An animated picture machine for screen projection; acinematograph.
BIOGRAPHER,One who writes an account or history of the life of aparticular person;
a writer of lives, as Plutarch.
BIOGRAPHIZE,To write a history of the life of. Southey.
BIOGRAPHY,Of or relating to biology.-- Bi`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
BIOLOGIST,A student of biology; one versed in the science of biology.
BIOLOGY,The science of life; that branch of knowledge which treats ofliving matter
as distinct from matter which is not living; the studyof living tissue. It has to
do with the origin, structure,development, function, and distribution of animals
and plants.
BIOLYSIS,The destruction of life.
BIOLYTIC,Relating to the destruction of life.
BIOMAGNETIC,Relating to biomagnetism.
BIOMAGNETISM,Animal magnetism.
BIOMETRY,Measurement of life; calculation of the probable duration ofhuman life.
BION,The physiological individual, characterized by definiteness andindependence of
function, in distinction from the morphologicalindividual or morphon.
BIONOMY,Physiology. [R.] Dunglison.
BIOPHOTOPHONE,An instrument combining a cinematograph and a phonograph sothat the
moving figures on the screen are accompanied by theappropriate sounds.
BIOPLASM,A name suggested by Dr. Beale for the germinal matter supposedto be
essential to the functions of all living beings; the materialthrough which every
form of life manifests itself; unalteredprotoplasm.
BIOPLASMIC,Pertaining to, or consisting of, bioplasm.
BIOPLAST,A tiny mass of bioplasm, in itself a living unit and havingformative
power, as a living white blood corpuscle; bioblast.
BIOPLASTIC,Bioplasmic.
BIORGAN,A physiological organ; a living organ; an organ endowed withfunction; --
distinguished from idorgan.
BIOSCOPE,A view of life; that which gives such a view.
BIOSTATICS,The physical phenomena of organized bodies, in opposition totheir
organic or vital phenomena.
BIOSTATISTICS,Vital statistics.
BIOTAXY,The classification of living organisms according to theirstructural
character; taxonomy.
BIOTIC,Relating to life; as, the biotic principle.
BIOTITE,Mica containing iron and magnesia, generally of a black or darkgreen color;
-- a common constituent of crystalline rocks. See Mica.
BIPALMATE,Palmately branched, with the branches again palmated.
BIPARIETAL,Of or pertaining to the diameter of the cranium, from oneparietal fossa
to the other.
BIPAROUS,Bringing forth two at a birth.
BIPARTIBLE,Capable of being divided into two parts.
BIPARTIENT,Dividing into two parts.-- n.
BIPARTILE,Divisible into two parts.
BIPARTITION,The act of dividing into two parts, or of making twocorrespondent
parts, or the state of being so divided.
BIPED,A two-footed animal, as man.
BIPELTATE,Having a shell or covering like a double shield.
BIPENNIS,An ax with an edge or blade on each side of the handle.
BIPETALOUS,Having two petals.
BIPINNARIA,The larva of certain starfishes as developed in the free-swimming stage.
BIPINNATIFID,Doubly pinnatifid.
BIPLANE,An aëroplane with two main supporting surfaces one above theother.
BIPLICATE,Twice folded together. Henslow.
BIPLICITY,The state of being twice folded; reduplication. [R.] Bailey.
BIPOLAR,Doubly polar; having two poles; as, a bipolar cell orcorpuscle.
BIPOLARITY,Bipolar quality.
BIPRISM,A prism whose refracting angle is very nearly 180 degrees.
BIPUNCTATE,Having two punctures, or spots.
BIPUNCTUAL,Having two points.
BIPUPILLATE,Having an eyelike spot on the wing, with two dots within it ofa
different color, as in some butterflies.
BIPYRAMIDAL,Consisting of two pyramids placed base to base; having apyramid at each
of the extremities of a prism, as in quartz crystals.
BIQUADRATE,The fourth power, or the square of the square. Thus 4x4=16, thesquare of
4, and 16x16=256, the biquadrate of 4.
BIQUADRATIC,Of or pertaining to the biquadrate, or fourth power.Biquadratic
equation (Alg.), an equation of the fourth degree, or anequation in some term of
which the unknown quantity is raised to thefourth power.-- Biquadratic root of a
number, the square root of the square rootof that number. Thus the square root of
81 is 9, and the square rootof 9 is 3, which is the biquadratic root of 81. Hutton.
BIQUINTILE,An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each otherby twice
the fifth part of a great circle -- that is, twice 72degrees.
BIRAMOUS,Having, or consisting of, two branches.
BIRCH,Of or pertaining to the birch; birchen.
BIRCHEN,Of or relating to birch.He passed where Newark's stately tower Looks out
from Yarrow'sbirchen bower. Sir W. Scott.
BIRD CHERRY,A shrub (Prunus Padus ) found in Northern and Central Europe.It bears
small black cherries.
BIRD OF PARADISE,The name of several very beautiful birds of the genus Paradiseaand
allied genera, inhabiting New Guinea and the adjacent islands.The males have
brilliant colors, elegant plumes, and often remarkabletail feathers.
BIRD PEPPER,A species of capsicum (Capsicum baccatum), whose small,conical, coral-
red fruit is among the most piquant of all redpeppers.
BIRD,A warm-blooded, feathered vertebrate provided with wings. SeeAves.
BIRD-EYED,Quick-sighted; catching a glance as one goes.
BIRD-WITTED,Flighty; passing rapidly from one subject to another; nothaving the
faculty of attention. Bacon.
BIRDBOLT,A short blunt arrow for killing birds without piercing them.Hence:
Anything which smites without penetrating. Shak.
BIRDCATCHER,One whose employment it is to catch birds; a fowler.
BIRDCATCHING,The art, act, or occupation or catching birds or wild fowls.
BIRDER,A birdcatcher.
BIRDIE,A pretty or dear little bird; -- a pet name. Tennyson.
BIRDIKIN,A young bird. Thackeray.
BIRDING,Birdcatching or fowling. Shak. Birding piece, a fowling piece.Shak.
BIRDLET,A little bird; a nestling.
BIRDLIKE,Resembling a bird.
BIRDLIME,An extremely adhesive viscid substance, usually made of themiddle bark of
the holly, by boiling, fermenting, and cleansing it.When a twig is smeared with
this substance it will hold small birdswhich may light upon it. Hence: Anything
which insnares.Not birdlime or Idean pitch produce A more tenacious mass of
clammyjuice. Dryden.
BIRDLING,A little bird; a nestling.
BIRDMAN,A fowler or birdcatcher.
BIRDSEED,Canary seed, hemp, millet or other small seeds used for feedingcaged
birds.
BIRDWOMAN,An airwoman; an aviatress. [Colloq.]
BIRECTANGULAR,Containing or having two right angles; as, a birectangularspherical
triangle.
BIREME,An ancient galley or vessel with two banks or tiers of oars.
BIRETTA,Same as Berretta.
BIRGANDER,See Bergander.
BIRK,A birch tree. [Prov. Eng.] "The silver birk." Tennyson.
BIRKEN,To whip with a birch or rod. [Obs.]
BIRKIE,A lively or mettlesome fellow. [Jocular, Scot.] Burns.
BIRL,To revolve or cause to revolve; to spin. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
BIRLAW,A law made by husbandmen respecting rural affairs; a rustic orlocal law or
by-law. [Written also byrlaw, birlie, birley.]
BIRR,To make, or move with, a whirring noise, as of wheels inmotion.
BIRRUS,A coarse kind of thick woolen cloth, worn by the poor in theMiddle Ages;
also, a woolen cap or hood worn over the shoulders orover the head.
BIRSE,A bristle or bristles. [Scot.]
BIRT,A fish of the turbot kind; the brill. [Written also burt, bret,or brut.]
[Prov. Eng.]
BIRTH,See Berth. [Obs.] De Foe.
BIRTHDAY,Of or pertaining to the day of birth, or its anniversary; as,birthday
gifts or festivities.
BIRTHDOM,The land of one's birth; one's inheritance. [R.] Shak.
BIRTHING,Anything added to raise the sides of a ship. Bailey.
BIRTHLESS,Of mean extraction. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
BIRTHMARK,Some peculiar mark or blemish on the body at birth.Most part of this
noble lineage carried upon their body for a naturalbirthmark, . . . a snake. Sir T.
North.
BIRTHNIGHT,The night in which a person is born; the anniversary of thatnight in
succeeding years.The angelic song in Bethlehem field, On thy birthnight, that
sungthee Savior born. Milton.
BIRTHPLACE,The town, city, or country, where a person is born; place oforigin or
birth, in its more general sense. "The birthplace ofvalor." Burns.
BIRTHRIGHT,Any right, privilege, or possession to which a person isentitled by
birth, such as an estate descendible by law to an heir,or civil liberty under a
free constitution; esp. the rights orinheritance of the first born.Lest there be
any . . . profane person, as Esau, who for one morselof meat sold his birthright.
Heb. xii. 16.
BIRTHROOT,An herbaceous plant (Trillium erectum), and its astringentrootstock,
which is said to have medicinal properties.
BIRTHWORT,A genus of herbs and shrubs (Aristolochia), reputed to havemedicinal
properties.
BIS,Twice; -- a word showing that something is, or is to be,repeated; as a passage
of music, or an item in accounts.
BISA ANTELOPE,See Oryx.
BISACCATE,Having two little bags, sacs, or pouches.
BISCAYAN,Of or pertaining to Biscay in Spain.-- n.
BISCOTIN,A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs; a sweetbiscuit.
BISCUIT,A species of white, unglazed porcelain, in which vases,figures, and groups
are formed in miniature. Meat biscuit, analimentary preparation consisting of
matters extracted from meat byboiling, or of meat ground fine and combined with
flour, so as toform biscuits.
BISCUTATE,Resembling two bucklers placed side by side.
BISE,A cold north wind which prevails on the northern coasts of theMediterranean
and in Switzerland, etc.; -- nearly the same as themistral.
BISECT,To divide into two equal parts.
BISECTION,Division into two parts, esp. two equal parts.
BISECTOR,One who, or that which, bisects; esp. (Geom.) a straight linewhich bisects
an angle.
BISECTRIX,The line bisecting the angle between the optic axes of abiaxial crystal.
BISEGMENT,One of tow equal parts of a line, or other magnitude.
BISEPTATE,With two partitions or septa. Gray.
BISERRATE,Doubly serrate, or having the serratures serrate, as in someleaves.
BISEXOUS,Bisexual. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
BISEXUAL,Of both sexes; hermaphrodite; as a flower with stamens andpistil, or an
animal having ovaries and testes.
BISEXUOUS,Bisexual.
BISEYE,of Besee. [Obs.] Chaucer. Evil biseye, ill looking. [Obs.]
BISH,Same as Bikh.
BISHOP SLEEVE,A wide sleeve, once worn by women.
BISHOP,To admit into the church by confirmation; to confirm; hence, toreceive
formally to favor.
BISHOP-STOOL,A bishop's seat or see.
BISHOPDOM,Jurisdiction of a bishop; episcopate. "Divine right ofbishopdom." Milton.
BISHOPLIKE,Resembling a bishop; belonging to a bishop. Fulke.
BISHOPLY,Bishoplike; episcopal. [Obs.]
BISHOPRIC,A plant of the genus Mitella; miterwort. Longfellow.
BISIE,To busy; to employ. [Obs.]
BISILICATE,A salt of metasilicic acid; -- so called because the ratio ofthe oxygen
of the silica to the oxygen of the base is as two to one.The bisilicates include
many of the most common and importantminerals.
BISK,Soup or broth made by boiling several sorts of flesh together.King.
BISMER,The fifteen-spined (Gasterosteus spinachia).
BISMILLAH,An adjuration or exclamation common among the Mohammedans.[Written also
Bizmillah.]
BISMITE,Bismuth trioxide, or bismuth ocher.
BISMUTH,One of the elements; a metal of a reddish white color,crystallizing in
rhombohedrons. It is somewhat harder than lead, andrather brittle; masses show
broad cleavage surfaces when brokenacross. It melts at 507º Fahr., being easily
fused in the flame of acandle. It is found in a native state, and as a constituent
of someminerals. Specific gravity 9.8. Atomic weight 207.5. Symbol Bi.
BISMUTHAL,Containing bismuth.
BISMUTHIC,Of or pertaining to bismuth; containing bismuth, when thiselement has its
higher valence; as, bismuthic oxide.
BISMUTHIFEROUS,Containing bismuth.
BISMUTHOUS,Of, or containing, bismuth, when this element has its lowervalence.
BISMUTHYL,Hydrous carbonate of bismuth, an earthy mineral of a dull whiteor
yellowish color. [Written also bismuthite.]
BISPINOSE,Having two spines.
BISQUE,Unglazed white porcelain.
BISSELL TRUCK,A truck for railroad rolling stock, consisting of two ordinaryaxle
boxes sliding in guides attached to a triangular frame; --called also pony truck.
BISSEXTILE,Leap year; every fourth year, in which a day is added to themonth of
February on account of the excess of the tropical year (365d. 5 h. 48 m. 46 s.)
above 365 days. But one day added every fouryears is equivalent to six hours each
year, which is 11 m. 14 s. morethan the excess of the real year. Hence, it is
necessary to suppressthe bissextile day at the end of every century which is not
divisibleby 400, while it is retained at the end of those which are divisibleby
400.
BISSON,Purblind; blinding. [Obs.] "Bisson rheum." Shak.
BISTIPULED,Having two stipules.
BISTORT,An herbaceous plant of the genus Polygonum, section Bistorta;snakeweed;
adderwort. Its root is used in medicine as an astringent.
BISTOURY,A surgical instrument consisting of a slender knife, eitherstraight or
curved, generally used by introducing it beneath the partto be divided, and cutting
towards the surface.
BISTRE,See Bister.
BISULCATE,Cloven; said of a foot or hoof.
BISULCOUS,Bisulcate. Sir T. Browne.
BISULPHATE,A sulphate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid isreplaced by a
positive element or radical, thus making the proportionof the acid to the positive
or basic portion twice what it is in thenormal sulphates; an acid sulphate.
BISULPHIDE,A sulphide having two atoms of sulphur in the molecule; adisulphide, as
in iron pyrites, FeS2; -- less frequently calledbisulphuret.
BISULPHITE,A salt of sulphurous acid in which the base replaces but halfthe
hydrogen of the acid; an acid sulphite.
BISULPHURET,See Bisulphide.
BIT,To put a bridle upon; to put the bit in the mouth of.
BITAKE,To commend; to commit. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BITANGENT,Possessing the property of touching at two points.-- n.
BITARTRATE,A salt of tartaric acid in which the base replaces but half theacid
hydrogen; an acid tartrate, as cream of tartar.
BITE,A blank on the edge or corner of a page, owing to a portion ofthe frisket, or
something else, intervening between the type andpaper.
BITERNATE,Doubly ternate, as when a petiole has three ternate leaflets.--
Bi*ter"nate*ly, adv. Gray.
BITHEISM,Belief in the existence of two gods; dualism.
BITING IN,The process of corroding or eating into metallic plates, bymeans of an
acid. See Etch. G. Francis.
BITING,That bites; sharp; cutting; sarcastic; caustic. "A bitingaffliction." "A
biting jest." Shak.
BITINGLY,In a biting manner.
BITLESS,Not having a bit or bridle.
BITSTOCK,A stock or handle for holding and rotating a bit; a brace.
BITT,See Bitts.
BITTACLE,A binnacle. [Obs.]
BITTEN,of Bite.
BITTER SPAR,A common name of dolomite; -- so called because it containsmagnesia,
the soluble salts of which are bitter. See Dolomite.
BITTER,AA turn of the cable which is round the bitts. Bitter end, thatpart of a
cable which is abaft the bitts, and so within board, whenthe ship rides at anchor.
BITTERBUMP,the butterbump or bittern.
BITTERFUL,Full of bitterness. [Obs.]
BITTERING,A bitter compound used in adulterating beer; bittern.
BITTERISH,Somewhat bitter. Goldsmith.
BITTERLING,A roachlike European fish (Rhodima amarus).
BITTERLY,In a bitter manner.
BITTERN,A wading bird of the genus Botaurus, allied to the herons, ofvarious
species.
BITTERNUT,The swamp hickory (Carya amara). Its thin-shelled nuts arebitter.
BITTERROOT,A plant (Lewisia rediviva) allied to the purslane, but withfleshy,
farinaceous roots, growing in the mountains of Idaho,Montana, etc. It gives the
name to the Bitter Root mountains andriver. The Indians call both the plant and the
river Spæt'lum.
BITTERS,A liquor, generally spirituous in which a bitter herb, leaf, orroot is
steeped.
BITTERSWEET,Sweet and then bitter or bitter and then sweet; esp. sweet witha bitter
after taste; hence (Fig.), pleasant but painful.
BITTERWEED,A species of Ambrosia (A. artemisiæfolia); Roman worm wood.Gray.
BITTERWOOD,A West Indian tree (Picræna excelsa) from the wood of which thebitter
drug Jamaica quassia is obtained.
BITTERWORT,The yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea), which has a very bittertaste.
BITTOCK,A small bit of anything, of indefinite size or quantity; ashort distance.
[Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
BITTS,A frame of two strong timbers fixed perpendicularly in the forepart of a
ship, on which to fasten the cables as the ship rides atanchor, or in warping.
Other bitts are used for belaying (belayingbitts), for sustaining the windlass
(carrick bitts, winch bitts, orwindlass bitts), to hold the pawls of the windlass
(pawl bitts) etc.
BITUME,Bitumen. [Poetic] May.
BITUMED,Smeared with bitumen. [R.] "The hatches caulked and bitumed."Shak.
BITUMEN PROCESS,Any process in which advantage is taken of the fact thatprepared
bitumen is rendered insoluble by exposure to light, as inphotolithography.
BITUMINATE,To treat or impregnate with bitumen; to cement with bitumen."Bituminated
walls of Babylon." Feltham.
BITUMINIFEROUS,Producing bitumen. Kirwan.
BITUMINIZATION,The process of bituminizing. Mantell.
BITUMINIZE,To prepare, treat, impregnate, or coat with bitumen.
BITUMINOUS,Having the qualities of bitumen; compounded with bitumen;containing
bitumen.Near that bituminous lake where Sodom flamed. Milton.Bituminous coal, a
kind of coal which yields, when heated, aconsiderable amount of volatile bituminous
matter. It burns with ayellow smoky flame.-- Bituminous limestone, a mineral of a
brown or black color,emitting an unpleasant smell when rubbed. That of Dalmatia is
socharged with bitumen that it may be cut like soap.-- Bituminous shale, an
argillaceous shale impregnated with bitumen,often accompanying coal.
BIURET,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, C2O2N3H5, formedby heating
urea. It is intermediate between urea and cyanuric acid.
BIVALENCY,The quality of being bivalent.
BIVALENT,Equivalent in combining or displacing power to two atoms ofhydrogen; dyad.
BIVALVE,A mollusk having a shell consisting of two lateral plates orvalves joined
together by an elastic ligament at the hinge, which isusually strengthened by
prominences called teeth. The shell is closedby the contraction of two transverse
muscles attached to the innersurface, as in the clam, -- or by one, as in the
oyster. SeeMollusca.
BIVALVED,Having two valves, as the oyster and some seed pods; bivalve.
BIVALVOUS,Bivalvular.
BIVALVULAR,Having two valves.
BIVAULTED,Having two vaults or arches.
BIVECTOR,A term made up of the two parts
BIVENTRAL,(Anat.) Having two bellies or protuberances; as, a biventral,or
digastric, muscle, or the biventral lobe of the cerebellum.
BIVIAL,Of or relating to the bivium.
BIVIOUS,Having, or leading, two ways.Bivious theorems and Janus-faced doctrines.
Sir T. Browne.
BIVIUM,One side of an echinoderm, including a pair of ambulacra, indistinction from
the opposite side (trivium), which includes threeambulacra.
BIWEEKLY,Occurring or appearing once every two weeks; fortnightly.-- n.
BIWREYE,To bewray; to reveal. [Obs.]
BIZANTINE,See Byzantine.
BIZARRE,Odd in manner or appearance; fantastic; whimsical; extravagant;grotesque.
C. Kingsley.
BIZET,The upper faceted portion of a brilliant-cut diamond, whichprojects from the
setting and occupies the zone between the girdleand the table. See Brilliant, n.
BLAB,To utter or tell unnecessarily, or in a thoughtless manner; topublish (secrets
or trifles) without reserve or discretion. Udall.And yonder a vile physician
blabbing The case of his patient.Tennyson.
BLABBER,A tattler; a telltale.
BLACK ART,The art practiced by conjurers and witches; necromancy;conjuration;
magic.
BLACK DEATH,A pestilence which ravaged Europe and Asia in the fourteenthcentury.
BLACK FLAGS,An organization composed originally of Chinese rebels that hadbeen
driven into Tonkin by the suppression of the Taiping rebellion,but later increased
by bands of pirates and adventurers. It took aprominent part in fighting the French
during their hostilities withAnam, 1873-85.
BLACK FRIAR,A friar of the Dominican order; -- called also predicant andpreaching
friar; in France, Jacobin. Also, sometimes, a Benedictine.
BLACK FRIDAY,Any Friday on which a public disaster has occurred, as: InEngland,
December 6, 1745, when the news of the landing of thePretender reached London, or
May 11, 1866, when a financial paniccommenced. In the United States, September 24,
1869, and September18, 1873, on which financial panics began.
BLACK HAMBURG,A sweet and juicy variety of European grape, of a dark purplishblack
color, much grown under glass in northern latitudes.
BLACK HAND,A Spanish anarchistic society, many of the members of whichwere
imprisoned in 1883.
BLACK HOLE,A dungeon or dark cell in a prison; a military lock-up orguardroom; --
now commonly with allusion to the cell (the Black Hole)in a fort at Calcutta, into
which 146 English prisoners were thrustby the nabob Suraja Dowla on the night of
June 20, 17656, and inwhich 123 of the prisoners died before morning from lack of
air.A discipline of unlimited autocracy, upheld by rods, and ferules, andthe black
hole. H. Spencer.
BLACK LEAD,Plumbago; graphite.It leaves a blackish mark somewhat likelead. See
Graphite.
BLACK LETTER,The old English or Gothic letter, in which the Early
Englishmanuscripts were written, and the first English books were printed.It was
conspicuous for its blackness. See Type.
BLACK MONK,A Benedictine monk.
BLACK PUDDING,A kind of sausage made of blood, suet, etc., thickened withmeal.And
fat black puddings, -- proper food, For warriors that delight inblood. Hudibras.
BLACK SALTS,Crude potash. De Colange.
BLACK SPANISH,One of an old and well-known Mediterranean breed of domesticfowls
with glossy black plumage, blue legs and feet, bright red comband wattles, and
white face. They are remarkable as egg layers.
BLACK VOMIT,A copious vomiting of dark-colored matter; or the substance
sodischarged; -- one of the most fatal symptoms in yellow fever.
BLACK,Sullenly; threateningly; maliciously; so as to produceblackness.
BLACK-A-VISED,Dark-visaged; swart.
BLACK-BROWED,Having black eyebrows. Hence: Gloomy; dismal; threatening;forbidding.
Shak. Dryden.
BLACK-EYED,Having black eyes. Dryden.
BLACK-FACED,Having a black, dark, or gloomy face or aspect.
BLACK-HEARTED,Having a wicked, malignant disposition; morally bad.
BLACK-JACK,A name given by English miners to sphalerite, or zinc blende; -- called
also false galena. See Blende.
BLACK-MOUTHED,Using foul or scurrilous language; slanderous.
BLACKAMOOR,A negro or negress. Shak.
BLACKBAND,An earthy carbonate of iron containing considerablecarbonaceous matter;
-- valuable as an iron ore.
BLACKBERRY,The fruit of several species of bramble (Rubus); also, theplant itself.
Rubus fruticosus is the blackberry of England; R.villosus and R. Canadensis are the
high blackberry and low blackberryof the United States. There are also other kinds.
BLACKBIRD,In England, a species of thrush (Turdus merula), a singing birdwith a fin
note; the merle. In America the name is given to severalbirds, as the Quiscalus
versicolor, or crow blackbird; the Agelæusphoeniceus, or red-winged blackbird; the
cowbird; the rusty grackle,etc. See Redwing.
BLACKBIRDER,A slave ship; a slaver. [Colloq.] F. T. Bullen.
BLACKBOARD,A broad board painted black, or any black surface on whichwriting,
drawing, or the working of mathematical problems can be donewith chalk or crayons.
It is much used in schools.
BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER,A beautiful warbler of the United States
(DendroicaBlackburniæ). The male is strongly marked with orange, yellow, andblack
on the head and neck, and has an orange-yellow breast.
BLACKCAP,An apple roasted till black, to be served in a dish of boiledcustard.
BLACKCOAT,A clergyman; -- familiarly so called, as a soldier is sometimescalled a
redcoat or a bluecoat.
BLACKCOCK,The male of the European black grouse (Tetrao tetrix, Linn.); -- so
called by sportsmen. The female is called gray hen. See Heathgrouse.
BLACKEN,To grow black or dark.
BLACKENER,One who blackens.
BLACKFEET,A tribe of North American Indians formerly inhabiting thecountry from the
upper Missouri River to the Saskatchewan, but nowmuch reduced in numbers.
BLACKFIN,See Bluefin.
BLACKFISH,A small kind of whale, of the genus Globicephalus, of severalspecies. The
most common is G. melas. Also sometimes applied to otherwhales of larger size.
BLACKFOOT,Of or pertaining to the Blackfeet; as, a Blackfoot Indian.-- n.
BLACKGUARD,To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. Southey.
BLACKGUARDISM,The conduct or language of a blackguard; rufflanism.
BLACKGUARDLY,In the manner of or resembling a blackguard; abusive;scurrilous;
ruffianly.
BLACKHEAD,The scaup duck.
BLACKHEART,A heart-shaped cherry with a very dark-colored skin.
BLACKISH,Somewhat black.
BLACKLEAD,To coat or to polish with black lead.
BLACKLIST,To put in a black list as deserving of suspicion, censure, orpunishment;
esp. to put in a list of persons stigmatized as insolventor untrustworthy, -- as
tradesmen and employers do for mutualprotection; as, to blacklist a workman who has
been discharged. SeeBlack list, under Black, a.If you blacklist us, we will boycott
you. John Swinton.
BLACKLY,In a black manner; darkly, in color; gloomily; threateningly;atrociously.
"Deeds so blackly grim and horrid." Feltham.
BLACKMAIL,Black rent, or rent paid in corn, flesh, or the lowest coin, aopposed to
"white rent", which paid in silver. To levy blackmail, toextort money by threats,
as of injury to one's reputation.
BLACKMAILER,One who extorts, or endeavors to extort, money, by blackmailing.
BLACKMAILING,The act or practice of extorting money by exciting fears ofinjury
other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation.
BLACKMOOR,See Blackamoor.
BLACKNESS,The quality or state of being black; black color; atrociousnessor
enormity in wickedness.They're darker now than blackness. Donne.
BLACKPOLL,A warbler of the United States (Dendroica striata).
BLACKROOT,See Colicroot.
BLACKSALTER,One who,makes crude potash, or black salts.
BLACKSMITH,A fish of the Pacific coast (Chromis, or Heliastes,punctipinnis), of a
blackish color.
BLACKTAIL,A fish; the ruff or pope.
BLACKWATER STATE,Nebraska; -- a nickname alluding to the dark color of the waterof
its rivers, due to the presence of a black vegetable mold in thesoil.
BLACKWOOD,A name given to several dark-colored timbers. The East Indianblack wood
is from the tree Dalbergia latifolia. Balfour.
BLACKWORK,Work wrought by blacksmiths; -- so called in distinction fromthat wrought
by whitesmiths. Knight.
BLADDER,A bag or sac in animals, which serves as the receptacle of somefluid; as,
the urinary bladder; the gall bladder; -- appliedespecially to the urinary bladder,
either within the animal, or whentaken out and inflated with air.
BLADDERWORT,A genus (Utricularia) of aquatic or marshy plants, whichusually bear
numerous vesicles in the divisions of the leaves. Theseserve as traps for minute
animals. See Ascidium.
BLADDERY,Having bladders; also, resembling a bladder.
BLADE,The principal rafters of a roof. Weale.
BLADEBONE,The scapula. See Blade, 4.
BLADED,Composed of long and narrow plates, shaped like the blade of aknife.
BLADEFISH,A long, thin, marine fish of Europe (Trichiurus lepturus); theribbon
fish.
BLADESMITH,A sword cutler. [Obs.]
BLADY,Consisting of blades. [R.] "Blady grass." Drayton.
BLAE,Dark blue or bluish gray; lead-colored. [Scot.]
BLAEBERRY,The bilberry. [North of Eng. & Scot.]
BLAGUE,Mendacious boasting; falcefood; humbug.
BLAIN,A bladder growing on the root of the tongue of a horse, againstthe windpipe,
and stopping the breath.
BLAMABLE,Deserving of censure; faulty; culpable; reprehensible;censurable;
blameworthy.-- Blam"a*ble*ness, n.-- Blam"a*bly (, adv.
BLAMELESS,Free from blame; without fault; innocent; guiltless; --sometimes followed
by of.A bishop then must be blameless. 1 Tim. iii. 2.Blameless still of arts that
polish to deprave. Mallet.We will be blameless of this thine oath. Josh. ii. 17.
BLAMELESSLY,In a blameless manner.
BLAMELESSNESS,The quality or state of being blameless; innocence.
BLAMER,One who blames. Wyclif.
BLAMEWORTHY,Deserving blame; culpable; reprehensible.-- Blame"wor`thi*ness, n.
BLANCARD,A kind of linen cloth made in Normandy, the thread of which ispartly
blanches before it is woven.
BLANCH HOLDING,A mode of tenure by the payment of a small duty in white
rent(silver) or otherwise.
BLANCH,To bleach by excluding the light, as the stalks or leaves ofplants, by
earthing them up or tying them together.
BLANCHARD LATHE,A kind of wood-turning lathe for making noncircular andirregular
forms, as felloes, gun stocks, lasts, spokes, etc., after agiven pattern. The
pattern and work rotate on parallel spindles inthe same direction with the same
speed, and the work is shaped by arapidly rotating cutter whose position is varied
by the patternacting as a cam upon a follower wheel traversing slowly along
thepattern.
BLANCHER,One who, or that which, blanches or whitens; esp., one whoanneals and
cleanses money; also, a chemical preparation for thispurpose.
BLANCHIMETER,An instrument for measuring the bleaching power of chloride oflime and
potash; a chlorometer. Ure.
BLANCMANGE,A preparation for desserts, etc., made from isinglass, seamoss,
cornstarch, or other gelatinous or starchy substance, withmild, usually sweetened
and flavored, and shaped in a mold.
BLANCMANGER,A sort of fricassee with white sauce, variously made of capon,fish,
etc. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLANDATION,Flattery. [Obs.]
BLANDILOQUENCE,Mild, flattering speech.
BLANDISE,To blandish any one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLANDISHER,One who uses blandishments.
BLANDISHMENT,The act of blandishing; a word or act expressive of affectionor
kindness, and tending to win the heart; soft words and artfulcaresses; cajolery;
allurement.Cowering low with blandishment. Milton.Attacked by royal smiles, by
female blandishments. Macaulay.
BLANDLY,In a bland manner; mildly; suavely.
BLANDNESS,The state or quality of being bland.
BLANK,A piece of metal prepared to be made into something by afurther operation, as
a coin, screw, nuts.
BLANKET CLAUSE,A clause, as in a blanket mortgage or policy, that includes agroup
or class of things, rather than a number mentioned individuallyand having the
burden, loss, or the like, apportioned among them.
BLANKET STITCH,A buttonhole stitch worked wide apart on the edge of material,as
blankets, too thick to hem.
BLANKET,A piece of rubber, felt, or woolen cloth, used in the tympan tomake it soft
and elastic.
BLANKETING,One that covers a group or class of things or propertiesinstead of one
or more things mentioned individually, as where amortgage secures various debts as
a group, or subjects a group orclass of different pieces of property to one general
lien.
BLANKNESS,The state of being blank.
BLANQUETTE,A white fricassee.
BLANQUILLO,A large fish of Florida and the W. Indies (Caulolatiluschrysops). It is
red, marked with yellow.
BLARE,To sound loudly and somewhat harshly. "The trumpet blared."Tennyson.
BLARNEY,Smooth, wheedling talk; flattery. [Colloq.] Blarney stone, astone in
Blarney castle, Ireland, said to make those who kiss itproficient in the use of
blarney.
BLASE,Having the sensibilities deadened by excess or frequency ofenjoyment; sated
or surfeited with pleasure; used up.
BLASPHEME,To utter blasphemy.He that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath
neverforgiveness. Mark iii. 29.
BLASPHEMER,One who blasphemes.And each blasphemer quite escape the rod, Because the
insult's not onman, but God Pope.
BLASPHEMOUS,Speaking or writing blasphemy; uttering or exhibiting anythingimpiously
irreverent; profane; as, a blasphemous person; containingblasphemy; as, a
blasphemous book; a blasphemous caricature."Blasphemous publications." Porteus.Nor
from the Holy One of Heaven Refrained his tongue blasphemous.Milton.
BLASPHEMOUSLY,In a blasphemous manner.
BLAST LAMP,A lamp provided with some arrangement for intensifyingcombustion by
means of a blast.
BLAST PIPE,The exhaust pipe of a steam engine, or any pipe deliveringsteam or air,
when so constructed as to cause a blast.
BLASTEMA,The structureless, protoplasmic tissue of the embryo; theprimitive basis
of an organ yet unformed, from which it grows.
BLASTEMAL,Relating to the blastema; rudimentary.
BLASTEMATIC,Connected with, or proceeding from, the blastema; blastemal.
BLASTER,One who, or that which, blasts or destroys.
BLASTIDE,A small, clear space in the segments of the ovum, the precursorof the
nucleus.
BLASTMENT,A sudden stroke or injury produced by some destructive cause.[Obs.] Shak.
BLASTOCARPOUS,Germinating inside the pericarp, as the mangrove. Brande & C.
BLASTOCOELE,The cavity of the blastosphere, or segmentation cavity.
BLASTOCYST,The germinal vesicle.
BLASTODERM,The germinal membrane in an ovum, from which the embryo isdeveloped.
BLASTOGENESIS,Multiplication or increase by gemmation or budding.
BLASTOID,One of the Blastoidea.
BLASTOIDEA,One of the divisions of Crinoidea found fossil in paleozoicrocks;
pentremites. They are so named on account of their budlikeform.
BLASTOMERE,One of the segments first formed by the division of the ovum.Balfour.
BLASTOPHORE,That portion of the spermatospore which is not converted
intospermatoblasts, but carries them.
BLASTOPORE,The pore or opening leading into the cavity of invagination,
orarchenteron.
BLASTOSPHERE,The hollow globe or sphere formed by the arrangement of theblastomeres
on the periphery of an impregnated ovum.
BLASTOSTYLE,In certain hydroids, an imperfect zooid, whose special functionis to
produce medusoid buds. See Hydroidea, and Athecata.
BLASTULA,That stage in the development of the ovum in which the outercells of the
morula become more defined and form the blastoderm.
BLASTULE,Same as Blastula.
BLAT,To cry, as a calf or sheep; to bleat; to make a senselessnoise; to talk
inconsiderately. [Low]
BLATANCY,Blatant quality.
BLATANT,Bellowing, as a calf; bawling; brawling; clamoring;disagreeably clamorous;
sounding loudly and harshly. "Harsh andblatant tone." R. H. Dana.A monster, which
the blatant beast men call. Spenser.Glory, that blatant word, which haunts some
military minds like thebray of the trumpet. W. Irving.
BLATANTLY,In a blatant manner.
BLATHER,To talk foolishly, or nonsensically. G. Eliot.
BLATHERSKITE,A blustering, talkative fellow. [Local slang, U. S.] Barllett.
BLATTER,To prate; to babble; to rail; to make a senseless noise; topatter.
[Archaic] "The rain blattered." Jeffrey.They procured . . . preachers to blatter
against me, . . . so thatthey had place and time to belie me shamefully. Latimer.
BLATTERATION,Blattering.
BLATTERER,One who blatters; a babbler; a noisy, blustering boaster.
BLATTERING,Senseless babble or boasting.
BLATTEROON,A senseless babbler or boaster. [Obs.] "I hate suchblatteroons." Howell.
BLAUBOK,The blue buck. See Blue buck, under Blue.
BLAY,A fish. See Bleak, n.
BLAZE,A white spot on the forehead of a horse.
BLAZER,One who spreads reports or blazes matters abroad. "Blazers ofcrime."
Spenser.
BLAZING,Burning with a blaze; as, a blazing fire; blazing torches. SirW. Scott.
Blazing star. (a) A comet. [Obs.] (b) A brilliant center ofattraction. (c) (Bot.) A
name given to several plants; as, toChamælirium luteum of the Lily family; Liatris
squarrosa; and Aletrisfarinosa, called also colicroot and star grass.
BLAZON,To describe in proper terms (the figures of heraldic devices);also, to
delineate (armorial bearings); to emblazon.The coat of , arms, which I am not
herald enough to blazon intoEnglish. Addison.
BLAZONER,One who gives publicity, proclaims, or blazons; esp., one whoblazons coats
of arms; a herald. Burke.
BLAZONMENT,The act or blazoning; blazoning; emblazonment.
BLEA,The part of a tree which lies immediately under the bark; thealburnum or
sapwood.
BLEABERRY,See Blaeberry.
BLEACH,To make white, or whiter; to remove the color, or stains, from;to blanch; to
whiten.The destruction of the coloring matters attached to the bodies to bebleached
is effected either by the action of the air and light, ofchlorine, or of sulphurous
acid. Ure.Immortal liberty, whose look sublime Hath bleached the tyrant's cheekin
every varying clime. Smollett.
BLEACHED,Whitened; make white.Let their bleached bones, and blood's unbleaching
stain, Long markthe battlefield with hideous awe. Byron.
BLEACHER,One who whitens, or whose occupation is to whiten, bybleaching.
BLEACHERY,A place or an establishment where bleaching is done.
BLEACHING,The act or process of whitening, by removing color or stains;esp. the
process of whitening fabrics by chemical agents. Ure.Bleaching powder, a powder for
bleaching, consisting of chloride oflime, or some other chemical or chemicals.
BLEAK,A small European river fish (Leuciscus alburnus), of the familyCyprinidæ; the
blay. [Written also blick.]
BLEAKY,Bleak. [Obs.] Dryden.
BLEAR,To make somewhat sore or watery, as the eyes; to dim, or blur,as the sight.
Figuratively: To obscure (mental or moral perception);to blind; to hoodwink.That
tickling rheums Should ever tease the lungs and blear the sight.Cowper.To blear the
eye of, to deceive; to impose upon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLEARED,Dimmed, as by a watery humor; affected with rheum.-- Blear"ed*ness (,
n.Dardanian wives, With bleared visages, come forth to view The issueof the
exploit. Shak.
BLEAREYE,A disease of the eyelids, consisting in chronic inflammation ofthe
margins, with a gummy secretion of sebaceous matter. Dunglison.
BLEAREYEDNESS,The state of being blear-eyed.
BLEARY,Somewhat blear.
BLEAT,To make the noise of, or one like that of, a sheep; to cry likea sheep or
calf.Then suddenly was heard along the main, To low the ox, to bleat thewoolly
train. PopeThe ewe that will not hear her lamb when it baas, will never answer
acalf when he bleats. Shak.
BLEATER,One who bleats; a sheep.In cold, stiff soils the bleaters oft complain Of
gouty ails. Dyer.
BLEATING,Crying as a sheep does.Then came the shepherd back with his bleating
flocks from theseaside. Longfellow.
BLEB,A large vesicle or bulla, usually containing a serous fluid; ablister; a
bubble, as in water, glass, etc.Arsenic abounds with air blebs. Kirwan.
BLEBBY,Containing blebs, or characterized by blebs; as, blebby glass.
BLED,imp. & p. p. of Bleed.
BLEE,Complexion; color; hue; likeness; form. [Archaic]For him which is so bright of
blee. Lament. of Mary Magd.That boy has a strong blee of his father. Forby.
BLEEDING,Emitting, or appearing to emit, blood or sap, etc.; also,expressing
anguish or compassion.
BLEMISH,Any mark of deformity or injury, whether physical or moral;anything; that
diminishes beauty, or renders imperfect that which isotherwise well formed; that
which impairs reputation.He shall take two he lambs without blemish, and one ewe
lamb of thefirst year without blemish. Lev. xiv. 10.The reliefs of an envious man
are those little blemishes andimperfections that discover themselves in an
illustrious character.Spectator.
BLEMISHLESS,Without blemish; spotless.A life in all so blemishless. Feltham.
BLEMISHMENT,The state of being blemished; blemish; disgrace; damage;impairment.For
dread of blame and honor's blemishment. Spenser.
BLENCH HOLDING,See Blanch holding.
BLENCH,A looking aside or askance. [Obs.]These blenches gave my heart another
youth. Shak.
BLEND,To mingle; to mix; to unite intimately; to pass or shadeinsensibly into each
other, as colors.There is a tone of solemn and sacred feeling that blends with
ourconviviality. Irving.
BLENDER,One who, or that which, blends; an instrument, as a brush, usedin blending.
BLENDING,The method of laying on different tints so that they may mingletogether
while wet, and shade into each other insensibly. Weale.
BLENDOUS,Pertaining to, consisting of, or containing, blende.
BLENDWATER,A distemper incident to cattle, in which their livers areaffected.
Crabb.
BLENHEIM SPANIEL,A small variety of spaniel, kept as a pet.
BLENK,To blink; to shine; to look. [Obs.]
BLENNOGENOUS,Generating mucus.
BLENNY,A marine fish of the genus Blennius or family Blenniidæ; -- socalled from
its coating of mucus. The species are numerous.
BLENT,Mingled; mixed; blended; also, polluted; stained.Rider and horse, friend,
foe, in one red burial blent. Byron.
BLEPHARITIS,Inflammation of the eyelids. -- Bleph`a*rit"ic (#), a.
BLESBOK,A South African antelope (Alcelaphus albifrons), having a largewhite spot
on the forehead.
BLESSED THISTLE,See under Thistle.
BLESSED,Beatified.
BLESSEDLY,Happily; fortunately; joyfully.We shall blessedly meet again never to
depart. Sir P. Sidney.
BLESSEDNESS,The state of being blessed; happiness; felicity; bliss;heavenly joys;
the favor of God.The assurance of a future blessedness. Tillotson.Single
blessedness, the unmarried state. "Grows, lives, and dies insingle blessedness."
Shak.
BLESSER,One who blesses; one who bestows or invokes a blessing.
BLESSING,A gift. [A Hebraism] Gen. xxxiii. 11.
BLEST,Blessed. "This patriarch blest." Milton.White these blest sounds my ravished
ear assail. Trumbull.
BLET,A form of decay in fruit which is overripe.
BLETONISM,The supposed faculty of perceiving subterraneous springs andcurrents by
sensation; -- so called from one Bleton, of France.
BLETTING,A form of decay seen in fleshy, overripe fruit. Lindley.
BLEW,of Blow.
BLEYME,An inflammation in the foot of a horse, between the sole andthe bone. [Obs.]
BLEYNTE,of Blench. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLICKEY,A tin dinner pail. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.
BLIGHT,To be affected by blight; to blast; as, this vine neverblights.
BLIGHTING,Causing blight.
BLIGHTINGLY,So as to cause blight.
BLIN,To stop; to cease; to desist. [Obs.] Spenser.
BLIND READER,A post-office clerk whose duty is to decipher obscureaddresses.
BLIND,Abortive; failing to produce flowers or fruit; as, blind buds;blind flowers.
Blind alley, an alley closed at one end; a cul-de-sac.-- Blind axle, an axle which
turns but does not communicate motion.Knight.-- Blind beetle, one of the insects
apt to fly against people, esp.at night.-- Blind cat (Zoöl.), a species of catfish
(Gronias nigrolabris),nearly destitute of eyes, living in caverns in
Pennsylvania.-- Blind coal, coal that burns without flame; anthracite
coal.Simmonds.-- Blind door, Blind window, an imitation of a door or window,without
an opening for passage or light. See Blank door or window,under Blank, a.-- Blind
level (Mining), a level or drainage gallery which has avertical shaft at each end,
and acts as an inverted siphon. Knight.-- Blind nettle (Bot.), dead nettle. See
Dead nettle, under Dead.-- Blind shell (Gunnery), a shell containing no charge, or
one thatdoes not explode.-- Blind side, the side which is most easily assailed; a
weak orunguarded side; the side on which one is least able or disposed tosee
danger. Swift.-- Blind snake (Zoöl.), a small, harmless, burrowing snake, of
thefamily Typhlopidæ, with rudimentary eyes.-- Blind spot (Anat.), the point in the
retina of the eye where theoptic nerve enters, and which is insensible to light.--
Blind tooling, in bookbinding and leather work, the indentedimpression of heated
tools, without gilding; -- called also blanktooling, and blind blocking.-- Blind
wall, a wall without an opening; a blank wall.
BLINDAGE,A cover or protection for an advanced trench or approach,formed of
fascines and earth supported by a framework.
BLINDER,One of the leather screens on a bridle, to hinder a horse fromseeing
objects at the side; a blinker.
BLINDFISH,A small fish (Amblyopsis spelæus) destitute of eyes, found inthe waters
of the Mammoth Cave, in Kentucky. Related fishes fromother caves take the same
name.
BLINDFOLD,To cover the eyes of, as with a bandage; to hinder from seeing.And when
they had blindfolded him, they struck him on the face. Lukexxii. 64.
BLINDING,Making blind or as if blind; depriving of sight or ofunderstanding;
obscuring; as, blinding tears; blinding snow.
BLINDLY,Without sight, discernment, or understanding; without
thought,investigation, knowledge, or purpose of one's own.By his imperious mistress
blindly led. Dryden.
BLINDNESS,State or condition of being blind, literally or figuratively.Darwin.
Color blindness, inability to distinguish certain color. SeeDaltonism.
BLINDSTORY,The triforium as opposed to the clearstory.
BLINDWORM,A small, burrowing, snakelike, limbless lizard (Anguisfragilis), with
minute eyes, popularly believed to be blind; theslowworm; -- formerly a name for
the adder.Newts and blindworms do no wrong. Shak.
BLINK BEER,Beer kept unbroached until it is sharp. Crabb.
BLINK,The dazzling whiteness about the horizon caused by thereflection of light
from fields of ice at sea; ice blink.
BLINK-EYED,Habitually winking. Marlowe.
BLINKER,A kind of goggles, used to protect the eyes form glare, etc.
BLIRT,A gust of wind and rain. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
BLISS,Orig., blithesomeness; gladness; now, the highest degree ofhappiness;
blessedness; exalted felicity; heavenly joy.An then at last our bliss Full and
perfect is. Milton.
BLISSFUL,Full of, characterized by, or causing, joy and felicity; happyin the
highest degree. "Blissful solitude." Milton.-- Bliss"ful*ly, adv.-- Bliss"ful*ness,
n.
BLISSLESS,Destitute of bliss. Sir P. Sidney.
BLISSOM,To be lustful; to be lascivious. [Obs.]
BLISTER,To be affected with a blister or blisters; to have a blisterform on.Let my
tongue blister. Shak.
BLISTERY,Full of blisters. Hooker.
BLITE,A genus of herbs (Blitum) with a fleshy calyx. Blitum capitatumis the
strawberry blite.
BLITHE,Gay; merry; sprightly; joyous; glad; cheerful; as, a blithespirit.The blithe
sounds of festal music. Prescott.A daughter fair, So buxom, blithe, and debonair.
Milton.
BLITHEFUL,Gay; full of gayety; joyous.
BLITHELY,In a blithe manner.
BLITHENESS,The state of being blithe. Chaucer.
BLITHESOME,Cheery; gay; merry.The blithesome sounds of wassail gay. Sir W. Scott.--
Blithe"some*ly, adv.-- Blithe"some*ness, n.
BLIVE,Quickly; forthwith. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLIZZARD,A gale of piercingly cold wind, usually accompanied with fineand blinding
snow; a furious blast. [U. S.]
BLOAT,To grow turgid as by effusion of liquid in the cellular tissue;to puff out;
to swell. Arbuthnot.
BLOATED,Distended beyond the natural or usual size, as by the presenceof water,
serum, etc.; turgid; swollen; as, a bloated face. Also,puffed up with pride;
pompous.
BLOATEDNESS,The state of being bloated.
BLOATER,The common herring, esp. when of large size, smoked, and halfdried; --
called also bloat herring.
BLOB,A small fresh-water fish (Uranidea Richardsoni); the miller'sthumb.
BLOBBER,A bubble; blubber. [Low] T. Carew. Blobber lip, a thick,protruding lip.His
blobber lips and beetle brows commend. Dryden.
BLOBBER-LIPPED,Having thick lips. "A blobber-lipped shell." Grew.
BLOCAGE,The roughest and cheapest sort of rubblework, in masonry.
BLOCK BOOK,A book printed from engraved wooden blocks instead of movabletypes.
BLOCK CHAIN,A chain in which the alternate links are broad blocks connectedby thin
side links pivoted to the ends of the blocks, used withsprocket wheels to transmit
power, as in a bicycle.
BLOCK SIGNAL,One of the danger signals or safety signals which guide themovement of
trains in a block system. The signal is often so coupledwith a switch that act of
opening or closing the switch operates thesignal also.
BLOCK SYSTEM,A system by which the track is divided into short sections, asof three
or four miles, and trains are so run by the guidance ofelectric, or combined
electric and pneumatic, signals that no trainenters a section or block until the
preceding train has left it, asin absolute blocking, or that a train may be allowed
to followanother into a block as long as it proceeds with excessive caution,as in
permissive blocking.
BLOCK TIN,See under Tin.
BLOCK,The perch on which a bird of prey is kept.
BLOCKADER,A vessel employed in blockading.
BLOCKAGE,The act of blocking up; the state of being blocked up.
BLOCKHEAD,A stupid fellow; a dolt; a person deficient in understanding.The bookful
blockhead, ignorantly read, With loads of learned lumberin his head. Pope.
BLOCKHEADED,Stupid; dull.
BLOCKHEADISM,That which characterizes a blockhead; stupidity. Carlyle.
BLOCKHOUSE,An edifice or structure of heavy timbers or logs for militarydefense,
having its sides loopholed for musketry, and often an upperstory projecting over
the lower, or so placed upon it as to have itssides make an angle wit the sides of
the lower story, thus enablingthe defenders to fire downward, and in all
directions; -- formerlymuch used in America and Germany.
BLOCKING COURSE,The finishing course of a wall showing above a cornice.
BLOCKISH,Like a block; deficient in understanding; stupid; dull."Blockish Ajax."
Shak.-- Block"ish*ly, adv.-- Block"ish*ness, n.
BLOCKLIKE,Like a block; stupid.
BLOEDITE,A hydrous sulphate of magnesium and sodium.
BLOMARY,See Bloomery.
BLOND METAL,A variety of clay ironstone, in Staffordshire, England, usedfor making
tools.
BLONDE,A kind of silk lace originally of the color of raw silk, nowsometimes dyed;
-- called also blond lace.
BLONDNESS,The state of being blond. G. Eliot.
BLOOD VESSEL,Any vessel or canal in which blood circulates in an animal, asan
artery or vein.
BLOOD,Descent from parents of recognized breed; excellence or purityof breed.
BLOOD-BOLTERED,Having the hair matted with clotted blood. [Obs. & R.]The blood-
boltered Banquo smiles upon me. Shak.
BLOOD-SHOTTEN,Bloodshot. [Obs.]
BLOODBIRD,An Australian honeysucker (Myzomela sanguineolata); -- socalled from the
bright red color of the male bird.
BLOODED,Having pure blood, or a large admixture or pure blood; ofapproved breed; of
the best stock.
BLOODFLOWER,A genus of bulbous plants, natives of Southern Africa, namedHæmanthus,
of the Amaryllis family. The juice of H. toxicarius isused by the Hottentots to
poison their arrows.
BLOODGUILTY,Guilty of murder or bloodshed. "A bloodguilty life." Fairfax.--
Blood"guilt`i*ness (, n.-- Blood"guilt`less, a.
BLOODHOUND,A breed of large and powerful dogs, with long, smooth, andpendulous
ears, and remarkable for acuteness of smell. It is employedto recover game or prey
which has escaped wounded from a hunter, andfor tracking criminals. Formerly it was
used for pursuing runawayslaves. Other varieties of dog are often used for the same
purposeand go by the same name. The Cuban bloodhound is said to be a varietyof the
mastiff.
BLOODILY,In a bloody manner; cruelly; with a disposition to shed blood.
BLOODLET,bleed; to let blood. Arbuthnot.
BLOODLETTER,One who, or that which, lets blood; a phlebotomist.
BLOODLETTING,The act or process of letting blood or bleeding, as by openinga vein
or artery, or by cupping or leeches; -- esp. applied tovenesection.
BLOODROOT,A plant (Sanguinaria Canadensis), with a red root and red sap,and bearing
a pretty, white flower in early spring; -- called alsopuccoon, redroot, bloodwort,
tetterwort, turmeric, and Indian paint.It has acrid emetic properties, and the
rootstock is used as astimulant expectorant. See Sanguinaria.
BLOODSHED,The shedding or spilling of blood; slaughter; the act ofshedding human
blood, or taking life, as in war, riot, or murder.
BLOODSHEDDER,One who sheds blood; a manslayer; a murderer.
BLOODSHEDDING,Bloodshed. Shak.
BLOODSHOT,Red and inflamed; suffused with blood, or having the vesselsturgid with
blood, as when the conjunctiva is inflamed or irritated.His eyes were
bloodshot, . . . and his hair disheveled. Dickens.
BLOODSTICK,A piece of hard wood loaded at one end with lead, and used tostrike the
fleam into the vein. Youatt.
BLOODSTROKE,Loss of sensation and motion from hemorrhage or congestion inthe brain.
Dunglison.
BLOODSUCKER,Any animal that sucks blood; esp., the leech (Hirudomedicinalis), and
related species.
BLOODTHIRSTY,Eager to shed blood; cruel; sanguinary; murderous.--
Blood"thirst`i*ness (n.
BLOODULF,The European bullfinch.
BLOODWOOD,A tree having the wood or the sap of the color of blood.
BLOODWORT,A plant, Rumex sanguineus, or bloody-veined dock. The name isapplied also
to bloodroot (Sanguinaria Canadensis), and to anextensive order of plants
(Hæmodoraceæ), the roots of many species ofwhich contain a red coloring matter
useful in dyeing.
BLOODY FLUX,The dysentery, a disease in which the flux or discharge fromthe bowels
has a mixture of blood. Arbuthnot.
BLOODY HAND,A red hand, as in the arms of Ulster, which is now thedistinguishing
mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom.
BLOODY SWEAT,A sweat accompanied by a discharge of blood; a disease, calledsweating
sickness, formerly prevalent in England and other countries.
BLOODY,To stain with blood. Overbury.
BLOODY-MINDED,Having a cruel, ferocious disposition; bloodthirsty. Dryden.
BLOODYBONES,A terrible bugbear.
BLOOM,A popular term for a bright-hued variety of some minerals; as,the rose-red
cobalt bloom.
BLOOMARY,See Bloomery.
BLOOMERY,A furnace and forge in which wrought iron in the form of bloomsis made
directly from the ore, or (more rarely) from cast iron.
BLOOMING,The process of making blooms from the ore or from cast iron.
BLOOMINGLY,In a blooming manner.
BLOOMINGNESS,A blooming condition.
BLOOMLESS,Without bloom or flowers. Shelley.
BLOOTH,Bloom; a blossoming. [Prov. Eng.]All that blooth means heavy autumn work for
him and his hands. T.Hardy.
BLORE,The act of blowing; a roaring wind; a blast. [Obs.]A most tempestuous blore.
Chapman.
BLOSMY,Blossomy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BLOSSOMLESS,Without blossoms.
BLOSSOMY,Full of blossoms; flowery.
BLOT,To take a blot; as, this paper blots easily.
BLOTCH,A large pustule, or a coarse eruption.Foul scurf and blotches him defile.
Thomson.
BLOTCHED,Marked or covered with blotches.To give their blotched and blistered
bodies ease. Drayton.
BLOTCHY,Having blotches.
BLOTE,To cure, as herrings, by salting and smoking them; to bloat.[Obs.]
BLOTLESS,Without blot.
BLOTTER,A wastebook, in which entries of transactions are made as theytake place.
BLOTTESQUE,Characterized by blots or heavy touches; coarsely depicted;wanting in
delineation. Ruskin.
BLOTTING PAPER,A kind of thick, bibulous, unsized paper, used to absorbsuperfluous
ink from freshly written manuscript, and thus preventblots.
BLOUSE,A light, loose over-garment, like a smock frock, wornespecially by
workingmen in France; also, a loose coat of anymaterial, as the undress uniform
coat of the United States army.
BLOW VALVE,See Snifting valve.
BLOW,To flower; to blossom; to bloom.How blows the citron grove. Milton.
BLOW-OFF,as, a blow-off cock or pipe.
BLOW-OUT,The cleaning of the flues of a boiler from scale, etc., by ablast of
steam.
BLOWBALL,The downy seed head of a dandelion, which children delight toblow away. B.
Jonson.
BLOWER,A device for producing a current of air; as: (a) A metal platetemporarily
placed before the upper part of a grate or open fire. (b)A machine for producing an
artificial blast or current of air bypressure, as for increasing the draft of a
furnace, ventilating abuilding or shaft, cleansing gram, etc.
BLOWFLY,Any species of fly of the genus Musca that deposits its eggs oryoung larvæ
(called flyblows and maggots) upon meat or other animalproducts.
BLOWGUN,A tube, as of cane or reed, sometimes twelve feet long, throughwhich an
arrow or other projectile may be impelled by the force ofthe breath. It is a weapon
much used by certain Indians of Americaand the West Indies; -- called also
blowpipe, and blowtube. SeeSumpitan.
BLOWHOLE,An air hole in a casting.
BLOWN,Opened; in blossom or having blossomed, as a flower. Shak.
BLOWPOINT,A child's game. [Obs.]
BLOWSE,See Blowze.
BLOWTH,A blossoming; a bloom. [Obs. or Archaic] "In the blowth andbud." Sir W.
Raleigh.
BLOWTUBE,A long wrought iron tube, on the end of which the workmangathers a
quantity of "metal" (melted glass), and through which heblows to expand or shape
it; -- called also blowing tube, andblowpipe.
BLOWY,Windy; as, blowy weather; a blowy upland.
BLOWZE,A ruddy, fat-faced woman; a wench. [Obs.] Shak.
BLOWZED,Having high color from exposure to the weather; ruddy-faced;blowzy;
disordered.Huge women blowzed with health and wind. Tennyson.
BLOWZY,Coarse and ruddy-faced; fat and ruddy; high colored; frowzy.
BLUB,To swell; to puff out, as with weeping. [Obs.]
BLUBBER,A large sea nettle or medusa.
BLUBBERED,Swollen; turgid; as, a blubbered lip. Spenser.
BLUBBERING,The act of weeping noisily.He spake well save that his blubbering
interrupted him. Winthrop.
BLUCHER,A kind of half boot, named from the Prussian general Blücher.Thackeray.
BLUDGEON,A short stick, with one end loaded, or thicker and heavier thatthe other,
used as an offensive weapon.
BLUE GRASS,A species of grass (Poa compressa) with bluish green stems,valuable in
thin gravelly soils; wire grass. Kentucky blue grass, aspecies of grass (Poa
pratensis) which has running rootstocks andspreads rapidly. It is valuable as a
pasture grass, as it enduresboth winter and drought better than other kinds, and is
verynutritious.
BLUE HEN STATE,The State of Delaware; -- a popular sobriquet. It is said,though the
story lacks proof, to have taken its origin from theinsistence of a Delaware
Revolutionary captain, named Caldwell, thatno cock could be truly game unless the
mother was a blue hen, whenceBlue Hen's Chickens came to be a nickname for the
people of Delaware.
BLUE JAY,The common jay of the United States (Cyanocitta, or Cyanura,cristata). The
predominant color is bright blue.
BLUE,Low spirits; a fit of despondency; melancholy. [Colloq.] Berlinblue, Prussian
blue.-- Mineral blue. See under Mineral.-- Prussian blue. See under Prussian.
BLUE-EYE,The blue-cheeked honeysucker of Australia.
BLUE-EYED GRASS,a grasslike plant (Sisyrinchium anceps), with small flowers ofa
delicate blue color.
BLUE-EYED,Having blue eyes.
BLUE-GRASS STATE,The Sate of Kentucky; -- a nickname alluding to the blue-
grassregion, where fine horses are bred.
BLUE-JOHN,A name given to fluor spar in Derbyshire, where it is used forornamental
purposes.
BLUE-SKYLAW,A law enacted to provide for the regulation and supervision
ofinvestment companies in order to protect the public against companiesthat do not
intend to do a fair and honest business and that offerinvestments that do not
promise a fair return; -- so called becausethe promises made by some investment
companies are as boundless oralluring as the blue sky, or, perhaps, because
designed to clear awaythe clouds and fogs from the simple investor's horizon.
[Colloq.]
BLUE-VEINED,Having blue veins or blue streaks.
BLUEBEARD,The hero of a mediæval French nursery legend, who, leavinghome, enjoined
his young wife not to open a certain room in hiscastle. She entered it, and found
the murdered bodies of his formerwives.-- Also used adjectively of a subject which
it is forbidden toinvestigate.The Bluebeard chamber of his mind, into which no eye
but his own mustlook. Carlyle.
BLUEBERRY,The berry of several species of Vaccinium, and ericaceousgenus, differing
from the American huckleberries in containingnumerous minute seeds instead of ten
nutlets. The commonest speciesare V. Pennsylvanicum and V. vacillans. V. corymbosum
is the tallblueberry.
BLUEBILL,A duck of the genus Fuligula. Two American species (F. marilaand F.
affinis) are common. See Scaup duck.
BLUEBIRD,A small song bird (Sialia sialis), very common in the UnitedStates, and,
in the north, one of the earliest to arrive in spring.The male is blue, with the
breast reddish. It is related to theEuropean robin. Pairy bluebird (Zoöl.), a
brilliant Indian or EastIndian bird of the genus Irena, of several species.
BLUEBOTTLE,A plant (Centaurea cyanus) which grows in grain fields. Itreceives its
name from its blue bottle-shaped flowers.
BLUEBREAST,A small European bird; the blue-throated warbler.
BLUECOAT,One dressed in blue, as a soldier, a sailor, a beadle, etc.
BLUEFIN,A species of whitefish (Coregonus nigripinnis) found in LakeMichigan.
BLUEGOWN,One of a class of paupers or pensioners, or licensed beggars,in Scotland,
to whim annually on the king's birthday were distributedcertain alms, including a
blue gown; a beadsman.
BLUELY,With a blue color. Swift.
BLUENESS,The quality of being blue; a blue color. Boyle.
BLUENOSE,A nickname for a Nova Scotian.
BLUEPOLL,A kind of salmon (Salmo Cambricus) found in Wales.
BLUEPRINT,See under Print.
BLUESTOCKING,The American avocet (Recurvirostra Americana).
BLUESTOCKINGISM,The character or manner of a bluestocking; female pedantry.
[Colloq.]
BLUETHROAT,A singing bird of northern Europe and Asia (Cyanecula Suecica),related
to the nightingales; -- called also blue-throated robin andblue-throated warbler.
BLUETS,A name given to several different species of plants having blueflowers, as
the Houstonia coerulea, the Centaurea cyanus orbluebottle, and the Vaccinium
angustifolium.
BLUEWING,The blue-winged teal. See Teal.
BLUEY,,a.Bluish. Southey.
BLUFF,To deter (an opponent) from taking the risk of betting on hishand of cards,
as the bluffer does by betting heavily on his own handalthough it may be of less
value. [U. S.]
BLUFF-BOWED,Built with the stem nearly straight up and down.
BLUFF-HEADED,Built with the stem nearly straight up and down.
BLUFFER,One who bluffs.
BLUFFNESS,The quality or state of being bluff.
BLUISH,Somewhat blue; as, bluish veins. "Bluish mists." Dryden.-- Blu"ish*ly,
adv.-- Blu"ish*ness, n.
BLUNDERER,One who is apt to blunder.
BLUNDERHEAD,A stupid, blundering fellow.
BLUNDERING,Characterized by blunders.
BLUNDERINGLY,In a blundering manner.
BLUNGE,To amalgamate and blend; to beat up or mix in water, as clay.
BLUNGER,A wooden blade with a cross handle, used for mi Tomlinson.
BLUNGING,The process of mixing clay in potteries with a blunger.Tomlinson.
BLUNT-WITTED,Dull; stupid.Blunt-witted lord, ignoble in demeanor! Shak.
BLUNTISH,Somewhat blunt.-- Blunt"ish*ness, n.
BLUNTLY,In a blunt manner; coarsely; plainly; abruptly; withoutdelicacy, or the
usual forms of civility.Sometimes after bluntly giving his opinions, he would
quietly layhimself asleep until the end of their deliberations. Jeffrey.
BLURRY,Full of blurs; blurred.
BLURT,To utter suddenly and unadvisedly; to divulge inconsiderately;to ejaculate;
-- commonly with out.Others . . . can not hold, but blurt out, those words which
afterwardthey forced to eat. Hakewill.To blurt at, to speak contemptuously of.
[Obs.] Shak.
BLUSHER,One that blushes.
BLUSHET,A modest girl. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BLUSHFUL,Full of blushes.While from his ardent look the turning Spring Averts her
blushfulface. Thomson.
BLUSHING,Showing blushes; rosy red; having a warm and delicate colorlike some roses
and other flowers; blooming; ruddy; roseate.The dappled pink and blushing rose.
Prior.
BLUSHINGLY,In a blushing manner; with a blush or blushes; as, to answer orconfess
blushingly.
BLUSHLESS,Free from blushes; incapable of blushing; shameless; impudent.Vice now,
secure, her blushless front shall raise. Dodsley.
BLUSHY,Like a blush; having the color of a blush; rosy. [R.] "A blushycolor."
Harvey.
BLUSTER,To utter, or do, with noisy violence; to force by blustering;to bully.He
bloweth and blustereth out . . . his abominable blasphemy. Sir T.More.As if
therewith he meant to bluster all princes into a perfectobedience to his commands.
Fuller.
BLUSTERER,One who, or that which, blusters; a noisy swaggerer.
BLUSTERINGLY,In a blustering manner.
BLUSTEROUS,Inclined to bluster; given to blustering; blustering. Motley.
BLUSTROUS,Blusterous. Shak.
BO TREE,The peepul tree; esp., the very ancient tree standing atAnurajahpoora in
Ceylon, grown from a slip of the tree under whichGautama is said to have received
the heavenly light and so to havebecome Buddha.The sacred bo tree of the Buddhists
(Ficus religiosa), which isplanted close to every temple, and attracts almost as
much venerationas the status of the god himself. . . . It differs from the
banyan(Ficus Indica) by sending down no roots from its branches. Tennent.
BO,An exclamation used to startle or frighten. [Spelt also boh andboo.]
BOA CONSTRICTOR,A large and powerful serpent of tropical America, sometimestwenty
or thirty feet long. See Illustration in Appendix.
BOA,A genus of large American serpents, including the boaconstrictor, the emperor
boa of Mexico (B. imperator), and thechevalier boa of Peru (B. eques).
BOANERGES,Any declamatory and vociferous preacher or orator.
BOAR,The uncastrated male of swine; specifically, the wild hog.
BOARD,The stage in a theater; as, to go upon the boards, to enterupon the
theatrical profession.
BOARDABLE,That can be boarded, as a ship.
BOARDER,One who boards a ship; one selected to board an enemy's ship.Totten.
BOARDING,The act of entering a ship, whether with a hostile or afriendly
purpose.Both slain at one time, as they attempted the boarding of a frigate.Sir F.
Drake.
BOARISH,Swinish; brutal; cruel.In his anointed flesh stick boarish fangs. Shak.
BOAST,To dress, as a stone, with a broad chisel. Weale.
BOASTANCE,Boasting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOASTER,One who boasts; a braggart.
BOASTFUL,Given to, or full of, boasting; inclined to boast; vaunting;vainglorious;
self-praising.-- Boast"ful*ly, adv.-- Boast"ful*ness, n.
BOASTING,The act of glorying or vaunting; vainglorious speaking;ostentatious
display.When boasting ends, then dignity begins. Young.
BOASTINGLY,Boastfully; with boasting. "He boastingly tells you." Burke.
BOASTIVE,Presumptuous. [R.]
BOASTLESS,Without boasting or ostentation.
BOAT BUG,An aquatic hemipterous insect of the genus Notonecta; -- socalled from
swimming on its back, which gives it the appearance of alittle boat. Called also
boat fly, boat insect, boatman, and waterboatman.
BOAT,To go or row in a boat.I boated over, ran my craft aground. Tennyson.
BOAT-SHAPED,See Cymbiform.
BOAT-TAIL,A large grackle or blackbird (Quiscalus major), found in theSouthern
United States.
BOATAGE,Conveyance by boat; also, a charge for such conveyance.
BOATFUL,The quantity or amount that fills a boat.
BOATHOUSE,A house for sheltering boats.Half the latticed boathouse hides.
Wordsworth.
BOATION,A crying out; a roaring; a bellowing; reverberation. [Obs.]The guns were
heard . . . about a hundred Italian miles, in longboations. Derham.
BOATMAN,A boat bug. See Boat bug.
BOATMANSHIP,The art of managing a boat.
BOATSMAN,A boatman. [Archaic]
BOATSWAIN,An officer who has charge of the boats, sails, rigging, colors,anchors,
cables, cordage, etc., of a ship, and who also summons thecrew, and performs other
duties.
BOATWOMAN,A woman who manages a boat.
BOB WIG,A short wig with bobs or short curls; -- called also bobtailwig. Spectator.
BOB,A working beam.
BOB-CHERRY,A play among children, in which a cherry, hung so as to bobagainst the
mouth, is to be caught with the teeth.
BOBAC,The Poland marmot (Arctomys bobac).
BOBANCE,A boasting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOBBER,One who, or that which, bobs.
BOBBERY,A squabble; a tumult; a noisy disturbance; as, to raise abobbery. [Low]
Halliwell.
BOBBIN,A fine cord or narrow braid.
BOBBINET,A kind of cotton lace which is wrought by machines, and not byhand.
[Sometimes written bobbin net.]The English machine-made net isnow confined to point
net, warp net, and bobbin net, so called fromthe peculiar construction of the
machines by which they are produced.Tomlinsom.
BOBBINWORK,Work woven with bobbins.
BOBBISH,Hearty; in good spirits. [Low, Eng.] Dickens.
BOBBY,A nickname for a policeman; -- from Sir Robert Peel, whoremodeled the police
force. See Peeler. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.
BOBFLY,The fly at the end of the leader; an end fly.
BOBOLINK,An American singing bird (Dolichonyx oryzivorus). The male isblack and
white; the female is brown; -- called also, ricebird,reedbird, and Boblincoln.The
happiest bird of our spring is the bobolink. W. Irving.
BOBSTAY,A rope or chain to confine the bowsprit of a ship downward tothe stem or
cutwater; -- usually in the pl.
BOBTAIL,An animal (as a horse or dog) with a short tail. Rag, tag, andbobtail, the
rabble.
BOBTAILED,Having the tail cut short, or naturally short; curtailed; as, abobtailed
horse or dog; a bobtailed coat.
BOBWHITE,The common qua(Colinus, or Ortyx, Virginianus); -- so calledfrom its note.
BOCAL,A cylindrical glass vessel, with a large and short neck.
BOCARDO,A form of syllogism of which the first and third propositionsare particular
negatives, and the middle term a universalaffirmative.Baroko and Bocardo have been
stumbling blocks to the logicians.Bowen.
BOCASINE,A sort of fine buckram.
BOCCA,The round hole in the furnace of a glass manufactory throughwhich the fused
glass is taken out. Craig.
BOCE,A European fish (Box vulgaris), having a compressed body andbright colors; --
called also box, and bogue.
BOCK BEER,A strong beer, originally made in Bavaria. [Also written buckbeer.]
BOCKELET,A kind of long-winged hawk; -- called also bockerel, andbockeret. [Obs.]
BOCKEY,A bowl or vessel made from a gourd. [Local, New York] Bartlett.
BOCKING,A coarse woolen fabric, used for floor cloths, to covercarpets, etc.; -- so
called from the town of Bocking, in England,where it was first made.
BOCKLAND,See Bookland.
BOD VEAL,Veal too immature to be suitable for food.
BODDICE,See Bodick.
BODE,To indicate by signs, as future events; to be the omen of; toportend to
presage; to foreshow.A raven that bodes nothing but mischief. Goldsmith.Good onset
bodes good end. Spenser.
BODEFUL,Portentous; ominous. Carlyle.
BODEMENT,An omen; a prognostic. [Obs.]This foolish, dreaming, superstitious girl
Makes all these bodements.Shak.
BODGE,A botch; a patch. [Dial.] Whitlock.
BODIAN,A large food fish (Diagramma lineatum), native of the EastIndies.
BODICED,Wearing a bodice. Thackeray.
BODIED,Having a body; -- usually in composition; as, able-bodied.A doe . . . not
altogether so fat, but very good flesh and goodbodied. Hakluyt.
BODILINESS,Corporeality. Minsheu.
BODING,Foreshowing; presaging; ominous.-- Bod"ing*ly, adv.
BODKIN,An implement of steel, bone, ivory, etc., with a sharp point,for making
holes by piercing; a
BODLE,A small Scotch coin worth about one sixth of an English penny.Sir W. Scott.
BODLEIAN,Of or pertaining to Sir Thomas Bodley, or to the celebratedlibrary at
Oxford, founded by him in the sixteenth century.
BODOCK,The Osage orange. [Southwestern U.S.]
BODRAGE,A raid. [Obs.]
BODY,The shank of a type, or the depth of the shank (by which thesize is
indicated); as, a nonpareil face on an agate body.
BOEOTIAN,Of or pertaining to Boeotia; hence, stupid; dull; obtuse.-- n.
BOER,A colonist or farmer in South Africa of Dutch descent.
BOES,Behoves or behooves. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOG,To sink, as into a bog; to submerge in a bog; to cause to sinkand stick, as in
mud and mire.At another time, he was bogged up to the middle in the slough
ofLochend. Sir W. Scott.
BOGBERRY,The small cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus), which grows in boggyplaces.
BOGEY,A goblin; a bugbear. See Bogy.
BOGGARD,A bogey. [Local, Eng.]
BOGGLE,To embarrass with difficulties; to make a bungle or botch of.[Local, U. S.]
BOGGLER,One who boggles.
BOGGLISH,Doubtful; skittish. [Obs.]
BOGGY,Consisting of, or containing, a bog or bogs; of the nature of abog; swampy;
as, boggy land.
BOGIE ENGINE,A switching engine the running gear and driving gear of whichare on a
bogie, or truck.
BOGIE,A four-wheeled truck, having a certain amount of play around avertical axis,
used to support in part a locomotive on a railwaytrack.
BOGLE,A goblin; a specter; a frightful phantom; a bogy; a bugbear.[Written also
boggle.]
BOGSUCKER,The American woodcock; -- so called from its feeding among thebogs.
BOGTROTTER,One who lives in a boggy country; -- applied in derision to thelowest
class of Irish. Halliwell.
BOGTROTTING,Living among bogs.
BOGUE,To fall off from the wind; to edge away to leeward; -- saidonly of inferior
craft.
BOGUS,Spurious; fictitious; sham; -- a cant term originally appliedto counterfeit
coin, and hence denoting anything counterfeit.[Colloq. U. S.]
BOGWOOD,The wood of trees, esp. of oaks, dug up from peat bogs. It isof a shining
black or ebony color, and is largely used for makingornaments.
BOGY,A specter; a hobgoblin; a bugbear. "Death's heads and bogies."J. H. Newman.
[Written also bogey.]There are plenty of such foolish attempts at playing bogy in
thehistory of savages. C. Kingsley.
BOHEA,Bohea tea, an inferior kind of black tea. See under Tea.
BOHEMIANISM,The characteristic conduct or methods of a Bohemian. [Modern]
BOHUN UPAS,See Upas.
BOIAR,See Boyar.
BOIL,Act or state of boiling. [Colloq.]
BOILARY,See Boilery.
BOILED,Dressed or cooked by boiling; subjected to the action of aboiling liquid;
as, boiled meat; a boiled dinner; boiled clothes.
BOILER,A strong metallic vessel, usually of wrought iron platesriveted together, or
a composite structure variously formed, in whichsteam is generated for driving
engines, or for heating, cooking, orother purposes.
BOILERY,A place and apparatus for boiling, as for evaporating brine insalt making.
BOILING,Heated to the point of bubbling; heaving with bubbles; intumultuous
agitation, as boiling liquid; surging; seething; swellingwith heat, ardor, or
passion. Boiling point, the temperature at whicha fluid is converted into vapor,
with the phenomena of ebullition.This is different for different liquids, and for
the same liquidunder different pressures. For water, at the level of the
sea,barometer 30 in., it is 212 º Fahrenheit; for alcohol, 172.96º; forether,
94.8º; for mercury, about 675º. The boiling point of water islowered one degree
Fahrenheit for about 550 feet of ascent above thelevel of the sea.-- Boiling
spring, a spring which gives out very hot water, or waterand steam, often ejecting
it with much force; a geyser.-- To be at the boiling point, to be very angry.-- To
keep the pot boiling, to keep going on actively, as in certaingames. [Colloq.]
BOILINGLY,With boiling or ebullition.And lakes of bitumen rise boiling higher.
Byron.
BOIS DURCI,A hard, highly polishable composition, made of fine sawdustfrom hard
wood (as rosewood) mixed with blood, and pressed.
BOIST,A box. [Obs.]
BOISTEROUSLY,In a boisterous manner.
BOISTEROUSNESS,The state or quality of being boisterous; turbulence;
disorder;tumultuousness.
BOISTOUS,Rough or rude; coarse; strong; violent; boisterous; noisy.[Obs.]
Chaucer.-- Bois"tous*ly, adv.-- Bois"tous*ness, n. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOJANUS ORGAN,A glandular organ of bivalve mollusca, serving in part as akidney.
BOKADAM,See Cerberus.
BOKE,To poke; to thrust. [Obs. or Dial.]
BOLAR,Of or pertaining to bole or clay; partaking of the nature andqualities of
bole; clayey.
BOLAS,A kind of missile weapon consisting of one, two, or more ballsof stone, iron,
or other material, attached to the ends of a leathercord; -- used by the Gauchos of
South America, and others, forhurling at and entangling an animal.
BOLD EAGLE,an Australian eagle (Aquila audax), which destroys lambs andeven the
kangaroo.-- To make bold, to take liberties or the liberty; to venture.
BOLD,To make bold or daring. [Obs.] Shak.
BOLD-FACED,Having a conspicuous or heavy face.
BOLDEN,To make bold; to encourage; to embolden.Ready speakers, being boldened with
their present abilities to saymore, . . . use less help of diligence and study.
Ascham.
BOLDLY,In a bold manner.
BOLDNESS,The state or quality of being bold.
BOLE,The trunk or stem of a tree, or that which is like it.Enormous elm-tree boles
did stoop and lean. Tennyson.
BOLECTION,A projecting molding round a panel. Same as Bilection. Gwilt.
BOLERO,A Spanish dance, or the lively music which accompanies it.
BOLETE,any fungus of the family Boletaceae.[WordNet 1.5]
BOLETIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the Boletus. Boletic acid, anacid obtained
from the Boletus fomentarius, variety pseudo-igniarius.Same as Fumaric acid.
BOLETUS,A genus of fungi having the under side of the pileus or capcomposed of a
multitude of fine separate tubes. A few are edible, andothers very poisonous.
BOLIDE,A kind of meteor; a bolis.
BOLIS,A meteor or brilliant shooting star, followed by a train oflight or sparks;
esp. one which explodes.
BOLIVIAN,Of or pertaining to Bolivia.-- n.
BOLL,To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to seed.The barley was in the ear, and
the flax was bolled. Ex. ix. 31.
BOLLANDISTS,The Jesuit editors of the "Acta Sanctorum", or Lives of theSaints; --
named from John Bolland, who began the work.
BOLLARD,An upright wooden or iron post in a boat or on a dock, used inveering or
fastening ropes. Bollard timber (Naut.), a timber, alsocalled a knighthead, rising
just within the stem in a ship, on eitherside of the bowsprit, to secure its end.
BOLLEN,See Boln, a.
BOLLING,A tree from which the branches have been cut; a pollard.
BOLLWORM,The larva of a moth (Heliothis armigera) which devours thebolls or unripe
pods of the cotton plant, often doing great damage tothe crops.
BOLN,To swell; to puff. Holland.
BOLO,A kind of large knife resembling a machete. [Phil. Islands]
BOLOGNESE,Of or pertaining to Bologna.-- n.
BOLOGNIAN,Bolognese. Bolognian stone. See Bologna stone, under Bologna.
BOLOMETER,An instrument for measuring minute quantities of radiant heat,especially
in different parts of the spectrum; -- called also actinicbalance, thermic balance.
S. P. Langley.
BOLSA,An exchange for the transaction of business. [Sp. Amer. & Phil.Islands]
BOLSTER,A cushioned or a piece part of a saddle.
BOLSTERER,A supporter.
BOLT,To refuse to support, as a nomination made by a party to whichone has belonged
or by a caucus in which one has taken part.
BOLTEL,See Boultel.
BOLTER,One who bolts; esp.: (a) A horse which starts suddenly aside.(b) A man who
breaks away from his party.
BOLTHEAD,A long, straightnecked, glass vessel for chemicaldistillations; -- called
also a matrass or receiver.
BOLTING,A darting away; a starting off or aside.
BOLTONITE,A granular mineral of a grayish or yellowish color, found inBolton,
Massachusetts. It is a silicate of magnesium, belonging tothe chrysolite family.
BOLTROPE,A rope stitched to the edges of a sail to strengthen the sail.
BOLTSPRIT,See Bowsprit.
BOLTY,An edible fish of the Nile (genus Chromis). [Written alsobulti.]
BOLUS,A rounded mass of anything, esp. a large pill.
BOM,A large American serpent, so called from the sound it makes.
BOMB,A shell; esp. a spherical shell, like those fired from mortars.See Shell.
BOMBACE,Cotton; padding. [Obs.]
BOMBARD,A piece of heavy ordnance formerly used for throwing stones andother
ponderous missiles. It was the earliest kind of cannon.They planted in divers
places twelve great bombards, wherewith theythrew huge stones into the air, which,
falling down into the city,might break down the houses. Knolles.
BOMBARDMAN,One who carried liquor or beer in a can or bombard. [Obs.]They . . .
made room for a bombardman that brought bouge for acountry lady. B. Jonson.
BOMBARDMENT,An attack upon a fortress or fortified town, with shells, hotshot,
rockets, etc.; the act of throwing bombs and shot into a townor fortified place.
BOMBASINE,Same as Bombazine.
BOMBAST,High-sounding; inflated; big without meaning; magniloquent;bombastic.[He]
evades them with a bombast circumstance,Horribly stuffed with epithets of war.
Shak.Nor a tall metaphor in bombast way. Cowley.
BOMBASTRY,Swelling words without much meaning; bombastic language;fustian.Bombastry
and buffoonery, by nature lofty and light, soar highest ofall. Swift.
BOMBAX,A genus of trees, called also the silkcotton tree; also, a treeof the genus
Bombax.
BOMBAZINE,A twilled fabric for dresses, of which the warp is silk, andthe weft
worsted. Black bombazine has been much used for mourninggarments. [Sometimes spelt
bombasin, and bombasine.] Tomlinson.
BOMBIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the silkworm; as, bombic acid.
BOMBILATE,To hum; to buzz. [R.]
BOMBILATION,A humming sound; a booming.To . . . silence the bombilation of guns.
Sir T. Browne.
BOMBINATE,To hum; to boom.
BOMBINATION,A humming or buzzing.
BOMBOLO,A thin spheroidal glass retort or flask, used in thesublimation of camphor.
[Written also bumbelo, and bumbolo.]
BOMBPROOF,Secure against the explosive force of bombs.-- n.
BOMBSHELL,A bomb. See Bomb, n.
BOMBYCID,Like or pertaining to the genus Bombyx, or the familyBombycidæ.
BOMBYLIOUS,Buzzing, like a bumblebee; as, the bombylious noise of thehorse fly.
[Obs.] Derham.
BOMBYX,A genus of moths, which includes the silkworm moth. SeeSilkworm.
BON SILENE,A very fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink.
BON TON,The height of the fashion; fashionable society.
BON VIVANT,A good fellow; a jovial companion; a free liver.
BON,Good; valid as security for something.
BON-ACCORD,Good will; good fellowship; agreement. [Scot.]
BONA FIDE,In or with good faith; without fraud or deceit; real or really;actual or
actually; genuine or genuinely; as, you must proceed bonafide; a bona fide
purchaser or transaction.
BONA FIDES,Good faith; honesty; freedom from fraud or deception.
BONA PERITURA,Perishable goods. Bouvier.
BONA ROBA,A showy wanton; a courtesan. Shak
BONAIR,Gentle; courteous; complaisant; yielding. [Obs.]
BONANZA,In mining, a rich mine or vein of silver or gold; hence,anything which is a
mine of wealth or yields a large income. [Colloq.U. S.]
BONAPARTEAN,Of or pertaining to Napoleon Bonaparte or his family.
BONAPARTISM,The policy of Bonaparte or of the Bonapartes.
BONAPARTIST,One attached to the policy or family of Bonaparte, or of theBonapartes.
BONBON,Sugar confectionery; a sugarplum; hence, any dainty.
BONBONNIERE,A small fancy box or dish for bonbons.
BONCE,A boy's game played with large marbles.
BONCHRETIEN,A name given to several kinds of pears. See Bartlett.
BONCILATE,A substance composed of ground bone, mineral matters, etc.,hardened by
pressure, and used for making billiard balls, boxes, etc.
BOND SERVANT,A slave; one who is bound to service without wages.If thy
brother . . . be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee; thou shaltnot compel him to
serve as a bond servant: but as an hired servant.Lev. xxv. 39, 40.
BOND SERVICE,The condition of a bond servant; sevice without wages; slavery.Their
children . . . upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bondservice. 1 Kings ix.
21.
BOND,The state of being bound; imprisonment; captivity, restraint."This man doeth
nothing worthy of death or of bonds." Acts xxvi.
BONDAGE,Villenage; tenure of land on condition of doing the meanestservices for the
owner.
BONDAGER,A field worker, esp. a woman who works in the field. [Scot.]
BONDAR,A small quadruped of Bengal (Paradoxurus bondar), allied to thegenet; --
called also musk cat.
BONDED,Placed under, or covered by, a bond, as for the payment ofduties, or for
conformity to coertain regulations. Bonded goods,goods placed in a bonded
warehouse; goods, for the duties on whichbonds are given at the customhouse.--
Bonded warehouse, a warehouse in which goods on which the dutiesare unpaid are
stored under bond and in the joint custody of theimporter, or his agent, and the
customs officers.
BONDER,A bonding stone or brick; a bondstone.
BONDHOLDER,A person who holds the bonds of a public or private corporationfor the
payment of money at a certain time.
BONDMAID,A female slave, or one bound to service without wages, asdistinguished
from a hired servant.
BONDMAN,A villain, or tenant in villenage.
BONDSLAVE,A person in a state of slavery; one whose person and libertyare subjected
to the authority of a master.
BONDSMAN,A surety; one who is bound, or who gives security, for another.
BONDSTONE,A stone running through a wall from one face to another, tobind it
together; a binding stone.
BONDSWOMAN,See Bondwoman.
BONDUC,See Nicker tree.
BONDWOMAN,A woman who is a slave, or in bondage.He who was of the bondwoman. Gal.
iv. 23.
BONE,The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrateanimals, consisting
very largely of calcic carbonate, calcicphosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and
bone.
BONEACHE,Pain in the bones. Shak.
BONEBLACK,See Bone black, under Bone, n.
BONEDOG,The spiny dogfish.
BONEFISH,See Ladyfish.
BONELESS,Without bones. "Boneless gums." Shak.
BONESET,A medicinal plant, the thoroughwort (Eupatorium perfoliatum).Its properties
are diaphoretic and tonic.
BONESETTER,One who sets broken or dislocated bones; -- commonly applied toone, not
a regular surgeon, who makes an occupation of setting bones.-- Bone"set*ting, n.
BONESHAW,Sciatica. [Obs.]
BONETTA,See Bonito. Sir T. Herbert.
BONFIRE,A large fire built in the open air, as an expression of publicjoy and
exultation, or for amusement.Full soon by bonfire and by bell, We learnt our liege
was passingwell. Gay.
BONGO,Either of two large antelopes (Boöcercus eurycercus of WestAfrica, and B.
isaaci of East Africa) of a reddish or chestnut-browncolor with narrow white
stripes on the body. Their flesh isespecially esteemed as food.
BONGRACE,A projecting bonnet or shade to protect the complexion; also, awide-
brimmed hat. [Obs.]
BONIBELL,See Bonnibel. [Obs.] Spenser.
BONIFACE,An innkeeper.
BONIFORM,Sensitive or responsive to moral excellence. Dr. H. More.
BONIFY,To convert into, or make, good.To bonify evils, or tincture them with good.
Cudworth.
BONINESS,The condition or quality of being bony.
BONITARY,Beneficial, as opposed to statutory or civil; as, bonitarydominion of
land.
BONMOT,A witty repartee; a jest.
BONNAZ,A kind of embroidery made with a complicated sewing machine,said to have
been originally invented by a Frenchman of the name ofBonnaz. The work is done
either in freehand or by following aperforated design.
BONNE BOUCHE,A delicious morsel or mouthful; a tidbit.
BONNE,(F., prop. good woman.) A female servant charged with the careof a young
child.
BONNET ROUGE,The red cap adopted by the extremists in the French Revolution,which
became a sign of patriotism at that epoch; hence, arevolutionist; a Red Republican.
BONNET,An additional piece of canvas laced to the foot of a jib orforesail in
moderate winds. Hakluyt.
BONNETED,Protected by a bonnet. See Bonnet, 4 (a).
BONNETLESS,Without a bonnet.
BONNIBEL,A handsome girl. [Obs.]
BONNIE,See Bonny, a.
BONNILASS,A "bonny lass"; a beautiful girl. [Obs.] Spenser.
BONNILY,Gayly; handsomely.
BONNINESS,The quality of being bonny; gayety [R.]
BONNY,A round and compact bed of ore, or a distinct bed, notcommunicating with a
vein.
BONNYCLABBER,Coagulated sour milk; loppered milk; curdled milk; -- sometimescalled
simply clabber. B. Jonson.
BONSPIEL,A cur [Scot.]
BONTEBOK,The pied antelope of South Africa (Alcelaphus pygarga). Itsface and rump
are white. Called also nunni.
BONUS,A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilegegranted to a
company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter.Bouvier.
BONZE,A Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun.
BOOBY,Having the characteristics of a booby; stupid.
BOOBYISH,Stupid; dull.
BOODH,Same as Buddha. Malcom.
BOODHISM,Same as Buddhism.
BOODHIST,Same as Buddhist.
BOOHOE,To bawl; to cry loudly. [Low] Bartlett.
BOOHOO,The sailfish; -- called also woohoo.
BOOK-LEARNED,Versed in books; having knowledge derived from books. [Often ina
disparaging sense.]Whate'er these book-learned blockheads say, Solon's the veriest
foolin all the play. Dryden.
BOOKBINDER,One whose occupation is to bind books.
BOOKBINDERY,A bookbinder's shop; a place or establishment for bindingbooks.
BOOKBINDING,The art, process, or business of binding books.
BOOKCASE,A case with shelves for holding books, esp. one with glazeddoors.
BOOKCRAFT,Authorship; literary skill.
BOOKER,One who enters accounts or names, etc., in a book; abookkeeper.
BOOKFUL,As much as will fill a book; a book full. Shak.-- a.
BOOKING CLERK,A clerk who registers passengers, baggage, etc., forconveyance, as by
railway or steamship, or who sells passage ticketsat a booking office.
BOOKKEEPER,One who keeps accounts; one who has the charge of keeping thebooks and
accounts in an office.
BOOKKEEPING,The art of recording pecuniary or business transactions in aregular and
systematic manner, so as to show their relation to eachother, and the state of the
business in which they occur; the art ofkeeping accounts. The books commonly used
are a daybook, cashbook,journal, and ledger. See Daybook, Cashbook, Journal, and
Ledger.Bookkeeping by single entry, the method of keeping books by carryingthe
record of each transaction to the debit or credit of a singleaccount.-- Bookkeeping
by double entry, a mode of bookkeeping in which twoentries of every transaction are
carried to the ledger, one to theDr., or left hand, side of one account, and the
other to the Cr., orright hand, side of a corresponding account, in order
thaItalianmethod.
BOOKLESS,Without books; unlearned. Shenstone.
BOOKLET,A little book. T. Arnold.
BOOKMAKER,A betting man who "makes a book." See To make a book, underBook, n.
BOOKMAN,A studious man; a scholar. Shak.
BOOKMARK,Something placed in a book to guide in finding a particularpage or
passage; also, a label in a book to designate the owner; abookplate.
BOOKMATE,A schoolfellow; an associate in study.
BOOKMONGER,A dealer in books.
BOOKPLATE,A label, placed upon or in a book, showing its ownership or itsposition
in a library.
BOOKSELLER,One who sells books.
BOOKSELLING,The employment of selling books.
BOOKSHELF,A shelf to hold books.
BOOKSHOP,A bookseller's shop. [Eng.]
BOOKSTALL,A stall or stand where books are sold.
BOOKSTORE,A store where books are kept for sale; -- called in England abookseller's
shop.
BOOKWORM,Any larva of a beetle or moth, which is injurious to books.Many species
are known.
BOOKY,Bookish.
BOOLY,A company of Irish herdsmen, or a single herdsman, wanderingfrom place to
place with flocks and herds, and living on their milk,like the Tartars; also, a
place in the mountain pastures inclosed forthe shelter of cattle or their keepers.
[Obs.] [Written also boley,bolye, bouillie.] Spenser.
BOOM,A long pole or spar, run out for the purpose of extending thebottom of a
particular sail; as, the jib boom, the studding-sailboom, etc.
BOOMDAS,A small African hyracoid mammal (Dendrohyrax arboreus)resembling the daman.
BOOMER,A North American rodent, so named because it is said to make abooming noise.
See Sewellel.
BOOMERANG,A very singular missile weapon used by the natives of Australiaand in
some parts of India. It is usually a curved stick of hardwood, from twenty to
thirty inches in length, from two to threeinches wide, and half or three quarters
of an inch thick. When thrownfrom the hand with a quick rotary motion, it describes
veryremarkable curves, according to the shape of the instrument and themanner of
throwing it, often moving nearly horizontally a longdistance, then curving upward
to a considerable height, and finallytaking a retrograde direction, so as to fall
near the place fromwhich it was thrown, or even far in the rear of it.
BOOMING,The act of producing a hollow or roaring sound; a violentrushing with heavy
roar; as, the booming of the sea; a deep, hollowsound; as, the booming of bitterns.
Howitt.
BOOMKIN,Same as Bumkin.
BOOMORAH,A small West African chevrotain (Hyæmoschus aquaticus),resembling the musk
deer.
BOOMSLANGE,A large South African tree snake (Bucephalus Capensis).Although
considered venomous by natives, it has no poison fangs.
BOON,The woody portion flax, which is separated from the fiber asrefuse matter by
retting, braking, and scutching.
BOORISH,Like a boor; clownish; uncultured; unmannerly.-- Boor"ish*ly, adv.--
Boor"ish*ness, n.Which is in truth a gross and boorish opinion. Milton.
BOORT,See Bort.
BOOSE,A stall or a crib for an ox, cow, or other animal. [Prov. Eng.]Halliwell.
BOOSER,A toper; a guzzler. See Boozer.
BOOST,To lift or push from behind (one who is endeavoring to climb);to push up;
hence, to assist in overcoming obstacles, or in makingadvancement. [Colloq. U. S.]
BOOSTER,An instrument for regulating the electro-motive force in analternating-
current circuit; -- so called because used to "boost", orraise, the pressure in the
circuit.
BOOT,The metal casing and flange fitted about a pipe where it passesthrough a roof.
Boot catcher, the person at an inn whose business itwas to pull off boots and clean
them. [Obs.] Swift.-- Boot closer, one who, or that which, sews the uppers of
boots.-- Boot crimp, a frame or device used by bootmakers for drawing andshaping
the body of a boot.-- Boot hook, a hook with a handle, used for pulling on boots.--
Boots and saddles (Cavalry Tactics), the trumpet call which isthe first signal for
mounted drill.-- Sly boots. See Slyboots, in the Vocabulary.
BOOTBLACK,One who blacks boots.
BOOTED,Having an undivided, horny, bootlike covering; -- said of thetarsus of some
birds.
BOOTEE,A half boot or short boot.
BOOTHALE,To forage for booty; to plunder. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
BOOTHY,See Bothy.
BOOTING,Advantage; gain; gain by plunder; booty. [Obs.] Sir. J.Harrington.
BOOTJACK,A device for pulling off boots.
BOOTLESS,Unavailing; unprofitable; useless; without advantage orsuccess.
Chaucer.I'll follow him no more with bootless prayers. Shak.-- Boot"less*ly, adv.--
Boot"less*ness, n.
BOOTLICK,A toady. [Low, U. S.] Bartlett.
BOOTMAKER,One who makes boots.-- Boot"mak`ing, n.
BOOTS,A servant at a hotel or elsewhere, who cleans and blacks theboots and shoes.
BOOTTOPPING,The act or process of daubing a vessel's bottom near thesurface of the
water with a mixture of tallow, sulphur, and resin, asa temporary protection
against worms, after the slime, shells, etc.,have been scraped off.
BOOTTREE,An instrument to stretch and widen the leg of a boot,consisting of two
pieces, together shaped like a leg, between which,when put into the boot, a wedge
is driven.The pretty boots trimly stretched on boottrees. Thackeray.
BOOTY,That which is seized by violence or obtained by robbery,especially collective
spoil taken in war; plunder; pillage. Milton.To play booty, to play dishonestly,
with an intent to lose; to allowone's adversary to win at cards at first, in order
to induce him tocontinue playing and victimize him afterwards. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
BOOZE,To drink greedily or immoderately, esp. alcoholic liquor; totipple. [Written
also bouse, and boose.] Landor.This is better than boozing in public houses. H. R.
Haweis.
BOOZER,One who boozes; a toper; a guzzler of alcoholic liquors; abouser.
BOOZY,A little intoxicated; fuddled; stupid with liquor; bousy.[Colloq.] C.
Kingsley.
BOPEEP,The act of looking out suddenly, as from behind a screen, so asto startle
some one (as by children in play), or of looking out anddrawing suddenly back, as
if frightened.I for sorrow sung, That such a king should play bopeep, And go
thefools among. Shak.
BORABLE,Capable of being bored. [R.]
BORACHTE,A large leather bottle for liquors, etc., made of the skin of agoat or
other animal. Hence: A drunkard. [Obs.]You're an absolute borachio. Congreve.
BORACIC,Pertaining to, or produced from, borax; containing boron;boric; as, boracic
acid.
BORACITE,A mineral of a white or gray color occurring massive and inisometric
crystals; in composition it is a magnesium borate withmagnesium chloride.
BORACOUS,Relating to, or obtained from, borax; containing borax.
BORAGE,A mucilaginous plant of the genus Borago (B. officinalis),which is used,
esp. in France, as a demulcent and diaphoretic.
BORAGEWORT,Plant of the Borage family.
BORAGINACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants(Boraginaceæ)
which includes the borage, heliotrope, beggar's lice,and many pestiferous plants.
BORAGINEOUS,Relating to the Borage tribe; boraginaceous.
BORAMEZ,See Barometz.
BORATE,A salt formed by the combination of boric acid with a base orpositive
radical.
BORAX,A white or gray crystalline salt, with a slight alkaline taste,used as a
flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, fixing colors onporcelain, and as a
soap. It occurs native in certain mineralsprings, and is made from the boric acid
of hot springs in Tuscany.It was originally obtained from a lake in Thibet, and was
sent toEurope under the name of tincal. Borax is a pyroborate or tetraborateof
sodium, Na2B4O7.10H2O. Borax bead. (Chem.) See Bead, n., 3.
BORBORYGM,A rumbling or gurgling noise produced by wind in the bowels.Dunglison.
BORD SERVICE,Service due from a bordar; bordage.
BORD,The face of coal parallel to the natural fissures.
BORDAGE,The base or servile tenure by which a bordar held his cottage.
BORDAR,A villein who rendered menial service for his cottage; acottier.The cottar,
the bordar, and the laborer were bound to aid in the workof the home farm. J. R.
Green.
BORDEAUX MIXTURE,A fungicidal mixture composed of blue vitriol, lime, and water.The
formula in common use is: blue vitriol, 6 lbs.; lime, 4 lbs.;water, 35 -- 50
gallons.
BORDEAUX,Pertaining to Bordeaux in the south of France.-- n.
BORDELAIS,Of or pertaining to Bordeaux, in France, or to the districtaround
Bordeaux.
BORDELLER,A keeper or a frequenter of a brothel. [Obs.] Gower.
BORDEREAU,A note or memorandum, esp. one containing an enumeration ofdocuments.
BORDERER,One who dwells on a border, or at the extreme part or confinesof a
country, region, or tract of land; one who dwells near to aplace or
region.Borderers of the Caspian. Dyer.
BORDLAND,Either land held by a bordar, or the land which a lord kept forthe
maintenance of his board, or table. Spelman.
BORDLODE,The service formerly required of a tenant, to carry timber fromthe woods
to the lord's house. Bailey. Mozley & W.
BORDMAN,A bordar; a tenant in bordage.
BORDURE,A border one fifth the width of the shield, surrounding thefield. It is
usually plain, but may be charged.
BORE,To shoot out the nose or toss it in the air; Crabb.
BOREAL,Northern; pertaining to the north, or to the north wind; as, aboreal bird; a
boreal blast.So from their own clear north in radiant streams, Bright over
Europebursts the boreal morn. Thomson.
BOREAS,The north wind; -- usually a personification.
BORECOLE,A brassicaceous plant of many varieties, cultivated for itsleaves, which
are not formed into a compact head like the cabbage,but are loose, and are
generally curled or wrinkled; kale.
BOREE,Same as BourrÉ\'82. [Obs.] Swift.
BOREL,See Borrel.
BORELE,The smaller two-horned rhinoceros of South Africa (Atelodusbicornis).
BORIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, boron. Boric acid, a whitecrystalline
substance B(OH)3, easily obtained from its salts, andoccurring in solution in the
hot lagoons of Tuscany.
BORIDE,A binary compound of boron with a more positive or basicelement or radical;
-- formerly called boruret.
BORING,The chips or fragments made by boring. Boring bar, a revolvingor stationary
bar, carrying one or more cutting tools for dressinground holes.-- Boring tool
(Metal Working), a cutting tool placed in a cutterhead to dress round holes.
Knight.
BORNE,Carried; conveyed; supported; defrayed. See Bear, v. t.
BORNEOL,A rare variety of camphor, C10H17.OH, resembling ordinarycamphor, from
which it can be produced by reduction. It is said tooccur in the camphor tree of
Borneo and Sumatra (Dryobalanopscamphora), but the natural borneol is rarely found
in European orAmerican commerce, being in great request by the Chinese. Called
alsoBorneo camphor, Malay camphor, and camphol.
BORNITE,A valuable ore of copper, containing copper, iron, and sulphur;-- also
called purple copper ore (or erubescite), in allusion to thecolors shown upon the
slightly tarnished surface.
BOROFLUORIDE,A double fluoride of boron and hydrogen, or some other
positiveelement, or radical; -- called also fluoboride, and formerlyfluoborate.
BOROGLYCERIDE,A compound of boric acid and glycerin, used as an antiseptic.
BORON,A nonmetallic element occurring abundantly in borax. It isreduced with
difficulty to the free state, when it can be obtained inseveral different forms;
viz., as a substance of a deep olive color,in a semimetallic form, and in colorless
quadratic crystals similarto the diamond in hardness and other properties. It
occurs in naturealso in boracite, datolite, tourmaline, and some other
minerals.Atomic weight 10.9. Symbol B.
BOROSILICATE,A double salt of boric and silicic acids, as in the naturalminerals
tourmaline, datolite, etc.
BOROUGH-ENGLISH,A custom, as in some ancient boroughs, by which lands andtenements
descend to the youngest son, instead of the eldest; or, ifthe owner have no issue,
to the youngest brother. Blackstone.
BOROUGHHEAD,See Headborough. [Obs.]
BOROUGHHOLDER,A headborough; a borsholder.
BOROUGHMASTER,The mayor, governor, or bailiff of a borough.
BOROUGHMONGER,One who buys or sells the parliamentary seats of boroughs.
BORRACHO,See Borachio. [Obs.]
BORREL,Ignorant, unlearned; belonging to the laity. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BORROW,To take (one or more) from the next higher denomination inorder to add it to
the next lower; -- a term of subtraction when thefigure of the subtrahend is larger
than the corresponding one of theminuend.
BORROWER,One who borrows.Neither a borrower nor a lender be. Shak.
BORSHOLDER,The head or chief of a tithing, or borough (see 2d Borough);the
headborough; a parish constable. Spelman.
BORT,Imperfectly crystallized or coarse diamonds, or fragments madein cutting good
diamonds which are reduced to powder and used inlapidary work.
BORURET,A boride. [Obs.]
BORWE,Pledge; borrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOS,A genus of ruminant quadrupeds, including the wild and domesticcattle,
distinguished by a stout body, hollow horns, and a large foldof skin hanging from
the neck.
BOSA,A drink, used in the East. See Boza.
BOSCAGE,Food or sustenance for cattle, obtained from bushes and trees;also, a tax
on wood.
BOSH,Figure; outline; show. [Obs.]
BOSHBOK,A kind of antelope. See Bush buck.
BOSHVARK,The bush hog. See under Bush, a thicket.
BOSJESMAN,; pl. Bosjesmans. [D. boschjesman.]
BOSK,A thicket; a small wood. "Through bosk and dell." Sir W. Scott.
BOSKAGE,Same as Boscage.Thridding the somber boskage of the wood. Tennyson.
BOSKINESS,Boscage; also, the state or quality of being bosky.
BOSOMED,Having, or resembling, bosom; kept in the bosom; hidden.
BOSOMY,Characterized by recesses or sheltered hollows.
BOSON,See Boatswain. [Obs.] Dryden.
BOSPORIAN,Of or pertaining to the Thracian or the Cimmerian Bosporus.The Alans
forced the Bosporian kings to pay them tribute andexterminated the Taurians. Tooke.
BOSPORUS,A strait or narrow sea between two seas, or a lake and a seas;as, the
Bosporus (formerly the Thracian Bosporus) or Strait ofConstantinople, between the
Black Sea and Sea of Marmora; theCimmerian Bosporus, between the Black Sea and Sea
of Azof. [Writtenalso Bosphorus.]
BOSQUET,See Bosket.
BOSS,A projecting ornament placed at the intersection of the ribs ofceilings,
whether vaulted or flat, and in other situations.
BOSSAGE,A stone in a building, left rough and projecting, to beafterward carved
into shape. Gwilt.
BOSSED,Embossed; also, bossy.
BOSSET,A rudimental antler of a young male of the red deer.
BOSSISM,The rule or practices of bosses, esp. political bosses. [Slang,U. S.]
BOSSY,Ornamented with bosses; studded.
BOSTON,A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs offifty-two cards
each; -- said to be so called from Boston,Massachusetts, and to have been invented
by officers of the Frencharmy in America during the Revolutionary war.
BOSTRYX,A form of cymose inflorescence with all the flowers on one sideof the
rachis, usually causing it to curl; -- called also a uniparoushelicoid cyme.
BOSWELLIAN,Relating to, or characteristic of, Boswell, the biographer ofDr.
Johnson.
BOSWELLISM,The style of Boswell.
BOT,See Bots.
BOTANIST,One skilled in botany; one versed in the knowledge of plants.
BOTANIZE,To seek after plants for botanical investigation; to studyplants.
BOTANIZER,One who botanizes.
BOTANOLOGER,A botanist. [Obs.]
BOTANOLOGY,The science of botany. [Obs.] Bailey.
BOTANOMANCY,An ancient species of divination by means of plants, esp. sageand fig
leaves.
BOTANY BAY,A harbor on the east coast of Australia, and an English
convictsettlement there; -- so called from the number of new plants found onits
shore at its discovery by Cook in 1770.
BOTARGO,A sort of cake or sausage, made of the salted roes of themullet, much used
on the coast of the Mediterranean as an incentiveto drink.
BOTCHEDLY,In a clumsy manner.
BOTCHER,A young salmon; a grilse.
BOTCHERLY,Bungling; awkward. [R.]
BOTCHERY,A botching, or that which is done by botching; clumsy orcareless
workmanship.
BOTCHY,Marked with botches; full of botches; poorly done. "This botchybusiness."
Bp. Watson.
BOTELESS,Unavailing; in vain. See Bootless.
BOTFLY,A dipterous insect of the family (Estridæ, of many differentspecies, some of
which are particularly troublesome to domesticanimals, as the horse, ox, and sheep,
on which they deposit theireggs. A common species is one of the botflies of the
horse(Gastrophilus equi), the larvæ of which (bots) are taken into thestomach of
the animal, where they live several months and passthrough their larval states. In
tropical America one speciessometimes lives under the human skin, and another in
the stomach. SeeGadfly.
BOTH,The one and the other; the two; the pair, without exception ofeither.
BOTH-HANDS,A factotum. [R.]He is his master's both-hands, I assure you. B. Jonson.
BOTHER,To annoy; to trouble; to worry; to perplex. See Pother.
BOTHERATION,The act of bothering, or state of being bothered; cause oftrouble;
perplexity; annoyance; vexation. [Colloq.]
BOTHERER,One who bothers.
BOTHERSOME,Vexatious; causing bother; causing trouble or perplexity;troublesome.
BOTHIE,Same as Bothy. [Scot.]
BOTHRENCHYMA,Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen inmany kinds
of wood.
BOTOCUDOS,A Brazilian tribe of Indians, noted for their use of poisons; -- also
called Aymborés.
BOTRYOGEN,A hydrous sulphate of iron of a deep red color. It often occursin
botryoidal form.
BOTRYOLITE,A variety of datolite, usually having a botryoidal structure.
BOTS,The larvæ of several species of botfly, especially those larv·hich infest the
stomach, throat, or intestines of the horse, and aresupposed to be the cause of
various ailments. [Written also botts.]
BOTTLE GREEN,A dark shade of green, like that of bottle glass.-- Bot"tle-green`, a.
BOTTLE,To put into bottles; to inclose in, or as in, a bottle orbottles; to keep or
restrain as in a bottle; as, to bottle wine orporter; to bottle up one's wrath.
BOTTLE-NECK FRAME,An inswept frame. [Colloq.]
BOTTLE-NOSED,Having the nose bottleshaped, or large at the end. Dickens.
BOTTLEHEAD,A cetacean allied to the grampus; -- called also bottle-nosedwhale.
BOTTLER,One who bottles wine, beer, soda water, etc.
BOTTLESCREW,A corkscrew. Swift.
BOTTLING,The act or the process of putting anything into bottles (asbeer, mineral
water, etc.) and corking the bottles.
BOTTOM FERMENTATION,A slow alcoholic fermentation during which the yeast
cellscollect at the bottom of the fermenting liquid. It takes place at atemperature
of 4º - 10º C. (39º - 50ºF.). It is used in making lagerbeer and wines of low
alcohol content but fine bouquet.
BOTTOM,The part of a ship which is ordinarily under water; hence, thevessel itself;
a ship.My ventures are not in one bottom trusted. Shak.Not to sell the teas, but to
return them to London in the samebottoms in which they were shipped. Bancroft.Full
bottom, a hull of such shape as permits carrying a large amountof merchandise.
BOTTOMED,Having at the bottom, or as a bottom; resting upon a bottom;grounded; --
mostly, in composition; as, sharp-bottomed; well-bottomed.
BOTTOMLESS,Without a bottom; hence, fathomless; baseless; as, a bottomlessabyss.
"Bottomless speculations." Burke.
BOTTOMRY,A contract in the nature of a mortgage, by which the owner of aship, or
the master as his agent, hypothecates and binds the ship(and sometimes the accruing
freight) as security for the repayment ofmoney advanced or lent for the use of the
ship, if she terminates hervoyage successfully. If the ship is lost by perils of
the sea, thelender loses the money; but if the ship arrives safe, he is toreceive
the money lent, with the interest or premium stipulated,although it may, and
usually does, exceed the legal rate of interest.See Hypothecation.
BOTTS,See Bots.
BOTULIFORM,Having the shape of a sausage. Henslow.
BOUCHE,Same as Bush, a lining.
BOUCHEES,Small patties.
BOUCHERIZE,To impregnate with a preservative solution of copper sulphate,as timber,
railroad ties, etc.
BOUD,A weevil; a worm that breeds in malt, biscuit, etc. [Obs.]Tusser., n. Etym:
[F., fr. bouder to pout, be sulky.]
BOUDOIR,A small room, esp. if pleasant, or elegantly furnished, towhich a lady may
retire to be alone, or to receive intimate friends;a lady's (or sometimes a
gentleman's) private room. Cowper.
BOUFFE,Comic opera. See Opera Bouffe.
BOUGAINVILLAEA,A genus of plants of the order Nyctoginaceæ, from tropicalSouth
America, having the flowers surrounded by large bracts.
BOUGE,To stave in; to bilge. [Obs.] Holland.
BOUGET,A charge representing a leather vessel for carrying water; --also called
water bouget.
BOUGHT,imp. & p. p. of Buy.
BOUGHTEN,Purchased; not obtained or produced at home. Coleridge.
BOUGHTY,Bending. [Obs.] Sherwood.
BOUGIE DECIMALE,A photometric standard used in France, having the value of
onetwentieth of the Violle platinum standard, or slightly less than aBritish
standard candle. Called also decimal candle.
BOUGIE,A long, flexible instrument, that is
BOUILLI,Boiled or stewed meat; beef boiled with vegetables in waterfrom which its
gravy is to be made; beef from which bouillon or souphas been made.
BOUILLON,An excrescence on a horse's frush or frog.
BOUL,A curved handle. Sir W. Scott.
BOULANGERITE,A mineral of a bluish gray color and metallic luster, usuallyin
plumose masses, also compact. It is sulphide of antimony and lead.
BOULANGISM,The spirit or principles of a French political movementidentified with
Gen. Georges Boulanger (d. 1891), whose militarismand advocacy of revenge on
Germany attracted to him a miscellaneousparty of monarchists and Republican
malcontents. -- Bou*lan"gist (#),n.
BOULDER,Same as Bowlder.
BOULDERY,Characterized by bowlders.
BOULEVARDIER,A frequenter of a city boulevard, esp. in Paris. F. Harrison.
BOULEVERSEMENT,Complete overthrow; disorder; a turning upside down.
BOULT,Corrupted form Bolt.
BOULTER,A long, stout fishing line to which many hooks are attached.
BOUN,Ready; prepared; destined; tending. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOUNCE,A dogfish of Europe (Scyllium catulus).
BOUNCINGLY,With a bounce.
BOUND,The external or limiting line, either real or imaginary, of anyobject or
space; that which limits or restrains, or within whichsomething is limited or
restrained; limit; confine; extent; boundary.He hath compassed the waters with
bounds. Job xxvi. 10.On earth's remotest bounds. Campbell.And mete the bounds of
hate and love. Tennyson.To keep within bounds, not to exceed or pass beyond
assigned limits;to act with propriety or discretion.
BOUNDARY,That which indicates or fixes a limit or extent, or marks abound, as of a
territory; a bounding or separating line; a real orimaginary limit.But still his
native country lies Beyond the boundaries of the skies.N. Cotton.That bright and
tranquil stream, the boundary of Louth and Meath.Macaulay.Sensation and reflection
are the boundaries of our thoughts. Locke.
BOUNDER,One who, or that which, limits; a boundary. Sir T. Herbert.
BOUNDING,Moving with a bound or bounds.The bounding pulse, the languid limb.
Montgomery.
BOUNDLESS,Without bounds or confines; illimitable; vast; unlimited. "Theboundless
sky." Bryant. "The boundless ocean." Dryden. "Boundlessrapacity." "Boundless
prospect of gain." Macaulay.
BOUNTEOUS,Liberal in charity; disposed to give freely; generouslyliberal;
munificent; beneficent; free in bestowing gifts; as,bounteous production.But O,
thou bounteous Giver of all good. Cowper.-- Boun"te*ous*ly, adv.--
Boun"te*ous*ness, n.
BOUNTIFUL,Goodness; generosity. [Obs.] Spenser.
BOUQUETIN,The ibex.
BOUR,A chamber or a cottage. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOURBON WHISKY,See under Whisky.
BOURBONISM,The principles of those adhering to the house of Bourbon;obstinate
conservatism.
BOURBONIST,One who adheres to the house of Bourbon; a legitimist.
BOURD,A jest. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BOURDER,A jester. [Obs.]
BOURDON,A pilgrim's staff.
BOURGEOIS,A size of type between long primer and brevier. See Type.
BOURGEOISIE,The French middle class, particularly such as are concerned in,or
dependent on, trade.
BOURGEON,To sprout; to put forth buds; to shoot forth, as a branch.Gayly to
bourgeon and broadly to grow. Sir W. Scott.
BOURI,A mullet (Mugil capito) found in the rivers of Southern Europeand in Africa.
BOURNLESS,Without a bourn or limit.
BOURNONITE,A mineral of a steel-gray to black color and metallic luster,occurring
crystallized, often in twin crystals shaped like cogwheels(wheel ore), also
massive. It is a sulphide of antimony, lead, andcopper.
BOURNOUS,See Burnoose.
BOURREE,An old French dance tune in common time.
BOURSE,An exchange, or place where merchants, bankers, etc., meet forbusiness at
certain hours; esp., the Stock Exchange of Paris.
BOUSE,To drink immoderately; to carouse; to booze. See Booze.
BOUSER,A toper; a boozer.
BOUSTROPHEDON,An ancient mode of writing, in alternate directions, one linefrom
left to right, and the next from right to left (as fields areplowed), as in early
Greek and Hittite.
BOUSTROPHEDONIC,Relating to the boustrophedon mode of writing.
BOUSTROPHIC,Boustrophedonic.
BOUSY,Drunken; sotted; boozy.In his cups the bousy poet songs. Dryden.
BOUTADE,An outbreak; a caprice; a whim. [Obs.]
BOUTEFEU,An incendiary; an inciter of quarrels. [Obs.]Animated by . . . John à
Chamber, a very boutefeu, . . . they enteredinto open rebellion. Bacon.
BOUTONNIERE,A bouquet worn in a buttonhole.
BOUTS-RIMES,Words that rhyme, proposed as the ends of verses, to be filledout by
the ingenuity of the person to whom they are offered.
BOVATE,An oxgang, or as much land as an ox can plow in a year; anancient measure of
land, of indefinite quantity, but usuallyestimated at fifteen acres.
BOVEY COAL,A kind of mineral coal, or brown lignite, burning with a weakflame, and
generally a disagreeable odor; -- found at Bovey Tracey,Devonshire, England. It is
of geological age of the oölite, and notof the true coal era.
BOVID,Relating to that tribe of ruminant mammals of which the genusBos is the type.
BOVIFORM,Resembling an ox in form; ox-shaped. [R.]
BOVINE,of or pertaining to the genus Bos; relating to, or resembling,the ox or cow;
oxlike; as, the bovine genus; a bovine antelope.
BOW HAND,The hand that holds the bow, i. e., the left hand.Surely he shoots wide on
the bow hand. Spenser.
BOW NET,.
BOW OAR,.
BOW,An inclination of the head, or a bending of the body, in tokenof reverence,
respect, civility, or submission; an obeisance; as, abow of deep humility.
BOW-BELLS,The bells of Bow Church in London; cockneydom.People born within the
sound of Bow-bells are usually calledcockneys. Murray's Handbook of London.
BOW-LEGGED,Having crooked legs, esp. with the knees bent outward. Johnson.
BOW-PEN,Bow-compasses carrying a drawing pen. See Bow-compass.
BOW-PENCIL,Bow-compasses, one leg of which carries a pencil.
BOW-SAW,A saw with a thin or narrow blade set in a strong frame.
BOWABLE,Capable of being bowed or bent; flexible; easily influenced;yielding.
[Obs.]
BOWBELL,One born within hearing distance of Bow-bells; a cockney.Halliwell.
BOWBENT,Bent, like a bow. Milton.
BOWDLERIZE,To expurgate, as a book, by omitting or modifying the partsconsidered
offensive.
BOWEL,Hence, figuratively: The interior part of anything; as, thebowels of the
earth.His soldiers . . . cried out amain, And rushed into the bowels of thebattle.
Shak.
BOWELED,Having bowels; hollow. "The boweled cavern." Thomson.
BOWELLESS,Without pity. Sir T. Browne.
BOWENITE,A hard, compact variety of serpentine found in Rhode Island. Itis of a
light green color and resembles jade.
BOWER BIRD,An Australian bird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus or holosericeus),allied to
the starling, which constructs singular bowers orplayhouses of twigs and decorates
them with brightcolored objects;the satin bird.
BOWER,An anchor carried at the bow of a ship.
BOWER-BARFF PROCESS,A certain process for producing upon articles of iron or
steelan adherent coating of the magnetic oxide of iron (which is notliable to
corrosion by air, moisture, or ordinary acids). This isaccomplished by producing,
by oxidation at about 1600º F. in a closedspace, a coating containing more or less
of the ferric oxide (Fe2O3)and the subsequent change of this in a reduced
atmosphere to themagnetic oxide (Fe2O4).
BOWERY,Shading, like a bower; full of bowers.A bowery maze that shades the purple
streams. Trumbull.
BOWESS,Same as Bower. [Obs.]
BOWFIN,A voracious ganoid fish (Amia calva) found in the fresh watersof the United
States; the mudfish; -- called also Johnny Grindle, anddogfish.
BOWGE,To swell out. See Bouge. [Obs.]
BOWGRACE,A frame or fender of rope or junk, laid out at the sides orbows of a
vessel to secure it from injury by floating ice.
BOWHEAD,The great Arctic or Greenland whale. (Balæna mysticetus). SeeBaleen, and
Whale.
BOWIE KNIFE,A knife with a strong blade from ten to fifteen inches long,and double-
edged near the point; -- used as a hunting knife, andformerly as a weapon in the
southwestern part of the United States.It was named from its inventor, Colonel
James Bowie. Also, byextension, any large sheath knife.
BOWINGLY,In a bending manner.
BOWKNOT,A knot in which a portion of the string is drawn through in theform of a
loop or bow, so as to be readily untied.
BOWL,An ancient game, popular in Great Britain, played with biasedballs on a level
plat of greensward.Like an uninstructed bowler, . . . who thinks to attain the jack
bydelivering his bowl straightforward upon it. Sir W. Scott.
BOWLDERY,Characterized by bowlders.
BOWLEG,A crooked leg. Jer. Taylor.
BOWLER,One who plays at bowls, or who rolls the ball in cricket or anyother game.
BOWLESS,Destitute of a bow.
BOWLINE,A rope fastened near the middle of the leech or perpendicularedge of the
square sails, by subordinate ropes, called bridles, andused to keep the weather
edge of the sail tight forward, when theship is closehauled. Bowline bridles, the
ropes by which the bowlineis fastened to the leech of the sail.-- Bowline knot. See
Illust. under Knot.-- On a bowline, close-hauled or sailing close to the wind; --
saidof a ship.
BOWLING,The act of playing at or rolling bowls, or of rolling the ballat cricket;
the game of bowls or of tenpins. Bowling alley, a coveredplace for playing at bowls
or tenpins.-- Bowling green, a level piece of greensward or smooth ground
forbowling, as the small park in lower Broadway, New York, where theDutch of New
Amsterdam played this game.
BOWLS,See Bowl, a ball, a game.
BOWMAN,A man who uses a bow; an archer.The whole city shall flee for the noise of
the horsemen and bowmen.Jer. iv. 29.Bowman's root. (Bot.) See Indian physic, under
Indian.
BOWNE,To make ready; to prepare; to dress. [Obs.]We will all bowne ourselves for
the banquet. Sir W. Scott.
BOWSE,To pull or haul; as, to bowse upon a tack; to bowse away, i.e., to pull all
together.
BOWSHOT,The distance traversed by an arrow shot from a bow.
BOWSPRIT,A large boom or spar, which projects over the stem of a ship orother
vessel, to carry sail forward.
BOWSSEN,To drench; to soak; especially, to immerse (in water believedto have
curative properties). [Obs.]There were many bowssening places, for curing of mad
men. . . . Ifthere appeared small amendment he was bowssened again and again.Carew.
BOWSTRING,To strangle with a bowstring.
BOWTEL,See Boultel.
BOWWOW,An onomatopoetic name for a dog or its bark.-- a.
BOX KITE,A kite, invented by Lawrence Hargrave, of Sydney, Australia,which consist
of two light rectangular boxes, or cells open on twosides, and fastened together
horizontally. Called also Hargrave, orcellular, kite.
BOX TAIL,In a flying machine, a tail or rudder, usually fixed,resembling a box
kite.
BOX,A tree or shrub, flourishing in different parts of the world.The common box
(Buxus sempervirens) has two varieties, one of which,the dwaft box
(B.suffruticosa), is much used for borders in gardens.The wood of the tree
varieties, being very hard and smooth, isextensively used in the arts, as by
turners, engravers, mathematicalinstrument makers, etc. Box elder, the ash-leaved
maple (Negundoaceroides), of North America.-- Box holly, the butcher's broom
(Russus aculeatus).-- Box thorn, a shrub (Lycium barbarum).-- Box tree, the tree
variety of the common box.
BOX-IRON,A hollow smoothing iron containing a heater within.
BOXBERRY,The wintergreern. (Gaultheria procumbens). [Local, U.S.]
BOXEN,Made of boxwood; pertaining to, or resembling, the box (Buxus).[R.]The faded
hue of sapless boxen leaves. Dryden.
BOXER,One who packs boxes.
BOXFISH,The trunkfish.
BOXHAUL,To put (a vessel) on the other tack by veering her short roundon her heel;
-- so called from the circumstance of bracing the headyards abox (i. e., sharp
aback, on the wind). Totten.
BOXHAULING,A method of going from one tack to another. See Boxhaul.
BOXING DAY,The first week day after Christmas, a legal holiday on whichChristmas
boxes are given to postmen, errand boys, employees, etc.The night of this day is
boxing night. [Eng.]
BOXING,The external case of thin material used to bring any member toa required
form.
BOXKEEPER,An attendant at a theater who has charge of the boxes.
BOXTHORN,A plant of the genus Lycium, esp. Lycium barbarum.
BOXWOOD,The wood of the box (Buxus).
BOY SCOUT,Orig., a member of the "Boy Scouts," an organization of boysfounded in
1908, by Sir R. S. S. Baden-Powell, to promote goodcitizenship by creating in them
a spirit of civic duty and ofusefulness to others, by stimulating their interest in
wholesomemental, moral, industrial, and physical activities, etc. Hence, amember of
any of the other similar organizations, which are nowworldwide. In "The Boy Scouts
of America" the local councils aregenerally under a scout commissioner, under whose
supervision arescout masters, each in charge of a troop of two or more patrols
ofeight scouts each, who are of three classes, tenderfoot, second-classscout, and
first-class scout.
BOY,A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; a lad; hence, ason.My only boy
fell by the side of great Dundee. Sir W. Scott.
BOYAU,A winding or zigzag trench forming a path or communication fromone siegework
to another, to a magazine, etc.
BOYCOTT,To combine against (a landlord, tradesman, employer, or otherperson), to
withhold social or business relations from him, and todeter others from holding
such relations; to subject to a boycott.
BOYCOTTER,A participant in boycotting.
BOYCOTTISM,Methods of boycotters.
BOYDEKIN,A dagger; a bodkin. [Obs.]
BOYER,A Flemish sloop with a castle at each end. Sir W. Raleigh.
BOYHOOD,The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a boy.Hood.
BOYISH,Resembling a boy in a manners or opinions; belonging to a boy;childish;
trifling; puerile.A boyish, odd conceit. Baillie.
BOYISHLY,In a boyish manner; like a boy.
BOYISHNESS,The manners or behavior of a boy.
BOYISM,See under Law.
BOZA,An acidulated fermented drink of the Arabs and Egyptians, madefrom millet seed
and various astringent substances; also, anintoxicating beverage made from hemp
seed, darnel meal, and water.[Written also bosa, bozah, bouza.]
BRABANTINE,Pertaining to Brabant, an ancient province of the Netherlands.
BRABBLE,To clamor; to contest noisily. [R.]
BRABBLEMENT,A brabble. [R.] Holland.
BRABBLER,A clamorous, quarrelsome, noisy fellow; a wrangler. [R] Shak.
BRACCATE,Furnished with feathers which conceal the feet.
BRACE,A piece of material used to transmit, or change the directionof, weight or
pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss,which divide the structure
into triangular parts. It may act as atie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent
distortion of thestructure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace
is adiagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.
BRACH,A bitch of the hound kind. Shak.
BRACHELYTRA,A group of beetles having short elytra, as the rove beetles.
BRACHIA,See Brachium.
BRACHIAL,Pertaining or belonging to the arm; as, the brachial artery;the brachial
nerve.
BRACHIATA,A division of the Crinoidea, including those furnished withlong jointed
arms. See Crinoidea.
BRACHIATE,Having branches in pairs, decussated, all nearly horizontal,and each pair
at right angles with the next, as in the maple andlilac.
BRACHIOGANOID,One of the Brachioganoidei.
BRACHIOGANOIDEI,An order of ganoid fishes of which the bichir of Africa is aliving
example. See Crossopterygii.
BRACHIOLARIA,(Zoöl.) A peculiar early larval stage of certain starfishes,having a
bilateral structure, and swimming by means of bands ofvibrating cilia.
BRACHIOPOD,One of the Brachiopoda, or its shell.
BRACHIOPODA,A class of Molluscoidea having a symmetrical bivalve shell,often
attached by a fleshy peduncle.
BRACHIUM,The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between theshoulder and the
elbow.
BRACHMAN,See Brahman. [Obs.]
BRACHYCATALECTIC,A verse wanting two syllables at its termination.
BRACHYCERAL,Having short antennæ, as certain insects.
BRACHYDIAGONAL,Pertaining to the shorter diagonal, as of a rhombic
prism.Brachydiagonal axis, the shorter lateral axis of an orthorhombiccrystal.
BRACHYDOME,A dome parallel to the shorter lateral axis. See Dome.
BRACHYGRAPHER,A writer in short hand; a stenographer.He asked the brachygrapher
whether he wrote the notes of the sermon.Gayton.
BRACHYGRAPHY,Stenograhy. B. Jonson.
BRACHYLOGY,Conciseness of expression; brevity.
BRACHYPINACOID,A plane of an orthorhombic crystal which is parallel both tothe
vertical axis and to the shorter lateral (brachydiagonal) axis.
BRACHYPTERA,A group of Coleoptera having short wings; the rove beetles.
BRACHYPTERES,A group of birds, including auks, divers, and penguins.
BRACHYPTEROUS,Having short wings.
BRACHYSTOCHRONE,A curve, in which a body, starting from a given point,
anddescending solely by the force of gravity, will reach another givenpoint in a
shorter time than it could by any other path. This curveof quickest descent, as it
is sometimes called, is, in a vacuum, thesame as the cycloid.
BRACHYTYPOUS,Of a short form.
BRACHYURA,A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs,characterized by
a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneaththe large cephalo-thorax. [Also
spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, andIllustration in Appendix.
BRACHYURAN,One of the Brachyura.
BRACING,Imparting strength or tone; strengthening; invigorating; as, abracing north
wind.
BRACK,An opening caused by the parting of any solid body; a crack orbreach; a
flaw.Stain or brack in her sweet reputation. J. Fletcher.
BRACKEN,A brake or fern. Sir W. Scott.
BRACKET,An architectural member, plain or ornamental, projecting from awall or
pier, to support weight falling outside of the same; also, adecorative feature
seeming to discharge such an office.
BRACKETING,A series or group of brackets; brackets, collectively.
BRACKISH,Saltish, or salt in a moderate degree, as water in saline soil.Springs in
deserts found seem sweet, all brackish though they be.Byron.
BRACKISHNESS,The quality or state of being brackish, or somewhat salt.
BRACKY,Brackish. Drayton.
BRACTEA,A bract.
BRACTEAL,Having the nature or appearance of a bract.
BRACTEATE,Having a bract or bracts.
BRACTED,Furnished with bracts.
BRACTEOLATE,Furnished with bracteoles or bractlets.
BRACTEOLE,Same as Bractlet.
BRACTLESS,Destitute of bracts.
BRACTLET,A bract on the stalk of a single flower, which is itself on amain stalk
that support several flowers. Gray.
BRAD AWL,A straight awl with chisel edge, used to make holes for brads,etc. Weale.
BRAD,A thin nail, usually small, with a slight projection at the topon one side
instead of a head; also, a small wire nail, with a flatcircular head; sometimes, a
small, tapering, square-bodied finishingnail, with a countersunk head.
BRADOON,Same as Bridoon.
BRAE,A hillside; a slope; a bank; a hill. [Scot.] Burns.
BRAG,To talk about one's self, or things pertaining to one's self,in a manner
intended to excite admiration, envy, or wonder; to talkboastfully; to boast; --
often followed by of; as, to brag of one'sexploits, courage, or money, or of the
great things one intends todo.Conceit, more rich in matter than in words, Brags of
his substance,not of ornament. Shak.
BRAGGARDISM,Boastfulness; act of bragging. Shak.
BRAGGART,A boaster.O, I could play the woman with mine eyes, And braggart with
mytongue. Shak.
BRAGGER,One who brags; a boaster.
BRAGGET,A liquor made of ale and honey fermented, with spices, etc.[Obs.] B.
Jonson.
BRAGGINGLY,Boastingly.
BRAGLESS,Without bragging. [R.] Shak.
BRAGLY,In a manner to be bragged of; finely; proudly. [Obs.] Spenser.
BRAHMA,The One First Cause; also, one of the triad of Hindoo gods. Thetriad
consists of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, andSiva, the Destroyer.
BRAHMANESS,A Brahmani.
BRAHMANI,Any Brahman woman. [Written also Brahmanee.]
BRAHMIN-ICAL,Of or pertaining to the Brahmans or to their doctrines andworship.
BRAHMO-SOMAJ,A modern reforming theistic sect among the Hindos. [Writtenalso
Brahma-samaj.]
BRAHMOISM,The religious system of Brahmo-somaj. Balfour.
BRAID,To start; to awake. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRAIL,A thong of soft leather to bind up a hawk's wing.
BRAILLE,A system of printing or writing for the blind in which thecharacters are
represented by tangible points or dots. It wasinvented by Louis Braille, a French
teacher of the blind.
BRAIN,The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervoussystem, and the
seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosedin the cartilaginous or bony
cranium of vertebrate animals. It issimply the anterior termination of the spinal
cord, and is developedfrom three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected
with thecentral canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become thecentral
cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally andbecome the three
segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
BRAINED,Supplied with brains.If th' other two be brained like us. Shak.
BRAINISH,Hot-headed; furious. [R.] Shak.
BRAINLESS,Without understanding; silly; thougthless; witless.-- Brain"less*ness, n.
BRAINPAN,The bones which inclose the brain; the skull; the cranium.
BRAINSICK,Disordered in the understanding; giddy; thoughtless.-- Brain"sick*ness,
n.
BRAINSICKLY,In a brainsick manner.
BRAINY,Having an active or vigorous mind. [Colloq.]
BRAISE,To stew or broil in a covered kettle or pan.A braising kettle has a deep
cover which holds coals; consequentlythe cooking is done from above, as well as
below. Mrs. Henderson.
BRAISER,A kettle or pan for braising.
BRAIT,A rough diamond.
BRAIZE,See Braise.
BRAKE,of Break. [Arhaic] Tennyson.
BRAKEMAN,A man in charge of a brake or brakes.
BRAKY,Full of brakes; abounding with brambles, shrubs, or ferns;rough; thorny.In
the woods and braky glens. W. Browne.
BRAMA,See Brahma.
BRAMAH PRESS,A hydrostatic press of immense power, invented by Joseph Bramahof
London. See under Hydrostatic.
BRAMBLE BUSH,The bramble, or a collection of brambles growing together.He jumped
into a bramble bush And scratched out both his eyes. MotherGoose.
BRAMBLE NET,A net to catch birds.
BRAMBLE,Any plant of the genus Rubus, including the raspberry andblackberry. Hence:
Any rough, prickly shrub.The thorny brambles, and embracing bushes. Shak.
BRAMBLED,Overgrown with brambles.Forlorn she sits upon the brambled floor. T.
Warton.
BRAMBLING,The European mountain finch (Fringilla montifringilla); --called also
bramble finch and bramble.
BRAMBLY,Pertaining to, resembling, or full of, brambles. "In bramblywildernesses."
Tennyson.
BRAME,Sharp passion; vexation. [Obs.]Heart-burning brame. Spenser.
BRAN,The European carrion crow.
BRAN-NEW,See Brand-new.
BRANCARD,A litter on which a person may be carried. [Obs.] Coigrave.
BRANCH PILOT,A pilot who has a branch or commission, as from Trinity House,England,
for special navigation.
BRANCH,A shoot or secondary stem growing from the main stem, or from aprincipal
limb or bough of a tree or other plant.
BRANCHER,A young hawk when it begins to leave the nest and take to thebranches.
BRANCHERY,A system of branches.
BRANCHIA,A gill; a respiratory organ for breathing the air contained inwater, such
as many aquatic and semiaquatic animals have.
BRANCHIAL,Of or pertaining to branchiæ or gills. Branchial arches, thebony or
cartilaginous arches which support the gills on each side ofthe throat of fishes
and amphibians. See Illustration in Appendix.-- Branchial clefts, the openings
between the branchial archesthrough which water passes.
BRANCHIATE,Furnished with branchiæ; as, branchiate segments.
BRANCHIFEROUS,Having gills; branchiate; as, branchiferous gastropods.
BRANCHINESS,Fullness of branches.
BRANCHING,Furnished with branches; shooting our branches; extending in abranch or
branches.Shaded with branching palm. Milton.
BRANCHIOGASTROPODA,Those Gastropoda that breathe by branchiæ, including
theProsobranchiata and Opisthobranchiata.
BRANCHIOMERISM,The state of being made up of branchiate segments. R.Wiedersheim.
BRANCHIOPOD,One of the Branchiopoda.
BRANCHIOPODA,An order of Entomostraca; -- so named from the feet ofbranchiopods
having been supposed to perform the function of gills.It includes the fresh-water
genera Branchipus, Apus, and Limnadia,and the genus Artemia found in salt lakes. It
is also calledPhyllopoda. See Phyllopoda, Cladocera. It is sometimes used in
abroader sense.
BRANCHIOSTEGAL,Pertaining to the membrane covering the gills of fishes.-- n.
(Anat.)
BRANCHIOSTEGE,The branchiostegal membrane. See Illustration in Appendix.
BRANCHIOSTEGOUS,Branchiostegal.
BRANCHIOSTOMA,The lancelet. See Amphioxus.
BRANCHIURA,A group of Entomostraca, with suctorial mouths, includingspecies
parasitic on fishes, as the carp lice (Argulus).
BRANCHLESS,Destitude of branches or shoots; without any valuable product;barren;
naked.
BRANCHLET,A little branch; a twig.
BRANCHY,Full of branches; having wide-spreading branches; consisting
ofbranches.Beneath thy branchy bowers of thickest gloom. J. Scott.
BRAND GOOSE,A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla) usually called inAmerica
brant. See Brant.
BRAND SPORE,One of several spores growing in a series or chain, andproduced by one
of the fungi called brand.
BRAND,Any minute fungus which produces a burnt appearance in plants.The brands are
of many species and several genera of the orderPucciniæi.
BRAND-NEW,Quite new; bright as if fresh from the forge.
BRANDENBURG,A kind of decoration for the breast of a coat, sometimes only afrog
with a loop, but in some military uniforms enlarged into a broadhorizontal stripe.
BRANDIED,Mingled with brandy; made stronger by the addition of brandy;flavored or
treated with brandy; as, brandied peaches.
BRANDING IRON,An iron to brand with.
BRANDISH,A flourish, as with a weapon, whip, etc. "Brandishes of thefan." Tailer.
BRANDISHER,One who brandishes.
BRANDLE,To shake; to totter. [Obs.]
BRANDY,A strong alcoholic liquor distilled from wine. The name is alsogiven to
spirit distilled from other liquors, and in the UnitedStates to that distilled from
cider and peaches. In northern Europe,it is also applied to a spirit obtained from
grain. Brandy fruit,fruit preserved in brandy and sugar.
BRANDYWINE,Brandy. [Obs.] Wiseman.
BRANGLE,A wrangle; a squabble; a noisy contest or dispute. [R.]A brangle between
him and his neighbor. Swift.
BRANGLEMENT,Wrangle; brangle. [Obs.]
BRANGLER,A quarrelsome person.
BRANGLING,A quarrel. [R.] Whitlock.
BRANK,Buckwheat. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell.
BRANKURSINE,Bear's-breech, or Acanthus.
BRANLIN,A young salmon or parr, in the stage in which it has transverseblack bands,
as if burned by a gridiron.
BRANNY,Having the appearance of bran; consisting of or containingbran. Wiseman.
BRANSLE,A brawl or dance. [Obs.] Spenser.
BRANT,A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla) -- called also brentand brand
goose. The name is also applied to other related species.
BRANT-FOX,A kind of fox found in Sweden (Vulpes alopex), smaller than thecommon fox
(V. vulgaris), but probably a variety of it.
BRANTAIL,The European redstart; -- so called from the red color of itstail.
BRANULAR,Relating to the brain; cerebral. I. Taylor.
BRASEN,Same as Brazen.
BRASH,Hasty in temper; impetuous. Grose.
BRASHY,An artificer who works in brass. Franklin.
BRASQUE,A paste made by mixing powdered charcoal, coal, or coke withclay, molasses,
tar, or other suitable substance. It is used forlining hearths, crucibles, etc.
Called also steep.
BRASS,A journal bearing, so called because frequently made of brass.A brass is
often lined with a softer metal, when the latter isgenerally called a white metal
lining. See Axle box, Journal Box, andBearing.
BRASS-VISAGED,Impudent; bold.
BRASSAGE,A sum formerly levied to pay the expense of coinage; -- nowcalled
seigniorage.
BRASSART,Armor for the arm; -- generally used for the whole arm from theshoulder to
the wrist, and consisting, in the 15th and 16thcenturies, of many parts.
BRASSE,A spotted European fish of the genus Lucioperca, resembling aperch.
BRASSETS,See Brassart.
BRASSICA,A genus of plants embracing several species ad varietiesdiffering much in
appearance and qualities: such as the commoncabbage (B. oleracea), broccoli,
cauliflowers, etc.; the wild turnip(B. campestris); the common turnip (B. rapa);
the rape of coleseed(B. napus), etc.
BRASSICACEOUS,Related to, or resembling, the cabbage, or plants of theCabbage
family.
BRASSIERE,A form of woman's underwaist stiffened with whalebones, or thelike, and
worn to support the breasts.
BRASSINESS,The state, conditions, or quality of being brassy. [Colloq.]
BRAST,To burst. [Obs.]And both his yën braste out of his face. Chaucer.Dreadfull
furies which their chains have brast. Spenser.
BRAT,A thin bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.
BRATSCHE,The tenor viola, or viola.
BRATTISHING,Carved openwork, as of a shrine, battlement, or parapet.
BRAUNITE,A native oxide of manganese, of dark brownish black color. Itwas named
from a Mr. Braun of Gotha.
BRAVADE,Bravado. [Obs.] Fanshawe.
BRAVADO,Boastful and threatening behavior; a boastful menace.In spite of our host's
bravado. Irving.
BRAVENESS,The quality of state or being brave.
BRAVING,A bravado; a boast.With so proud a strain Of threats and bravings. Chapman.
BRAVINGLY,In a defiant manner.
BRAVO,A daring villain; a bandit; one who sets law at defiance; aprofessional
assassin or murderer.Safe from detection, seize the unwary prey. And stab, like
bravoes,all who come this way. Churchill.
BRAVURA,A florid, brilliant style of music, written for effect, to showthe range
and flexibility of a singer's voice, or the technical forceand skill of a
performer; virtuoso music. Aria di bravura ( Etym:[It.], a florid air demanding
brilliant execution.
BRAWL,A noisy quarrel; loud, angry contention; a wrangle; a tumult;as, a drunken
brawl.His sports were hindered by the brawls. Shak.
BRAWLER,One that brawls; wrangler. Common brawler (Law), one whodisturbs a
neighborhood by brawling (and is therefore indictable atcommon law as a nuisance).
Wharton.
BRAWLINGLY,In a brawling manner.
BRAWNED,Brawny; strong; muscular. [Obs.] Spenser.
BRAWNER,A boor killed for the table.
BRAWNINESS,The quality or state of being brawny.
BRAWNY,Having large, strong muscles; muscular; fleshy; strong. "Brawnylimbs." W.
Irving.
BRAY,To pound, beat, rub, or grind small or fine.Though thou shouldest bray a fool
in a mortar, . . . yet will not hisfoolishness depart from him. Prov. xxvii. 22.
BRAYER,An implement for braying and spreading ink in hand printing.
BRAYING,Making a harsh noise; blaring. "Braying trumpets." Shak.
BRAZE,To cover or ornament with brass. Chapman.
BRAZEN,To carry through impudently or shamelessly; as, to brazen thematter
through.Sabina brazened it out before Mrs. Wygram, but inwardly she wasresolved to
be a good deal more circumspect. W. Black.
BRAZEN-BROWED,Shamelessly impudent. Sir T. Browne.
BRAZENFACE,An impudent of shameless person. "Well said, brazenface; holdit out."
Shak.
BRAZENFACED,Impudent; shameless.
BRAZENLY,In a bold, impudent manner.
BRAZENNESS,The quality or state of being brazen. Johnson.
BRAZIER,Same as Brasier.
BRAZIL NUT,An oily, three-sided nut, the seed of the Bertholletia excelsa;the cream
nut.
BRAZILETTO,See Brazil wood.
BRAZILIAN,Of or pertaining to Brasil.-- n.
BRAZILIN,A substance contained in both Brazil wood and Sapan wood, fromwhich it is
extracted as a yellow crystalline substance which iswhite when pure. It is colored
intensely red by alkalies. [Writtenalso brezilin.]
BREACH,A hernia; a rupture.
BREACHY,Apt to break fences or to break out of pasture; unruly; as,breachy cattle.
BREAD,To spread. [Obs.] Ray.
BREADBASKET,The stomach. [Humorous] S. Foote.
BREADCORN,Corn of grain of which bread is made, as wheat, rye, etc.
BREADED,Braided [Obs.] Spenser.
BREADEN,Made of bread. [R.]
BREADFRUIT,The tree itself, which is one of considerable size, with large,lobed
leaves. Cloth is made from the bark, and the timber is used formany purposes.
Called also breadfruit tree and bread tree.
BREADLESS,Without bread; destitude of food.Plump peers and breadless bards alike
are dull. P. Whitehead.
BREADROOT,The root of a leguminous plant (Psoralea esculenta), found nearthe Rocky
Mountains. It is usually oval in form, and abounds infarinaceous matter, affording
sweet and palatable food.
BREADSTUFF,Grain, flour, or meal of which bread is made.
BREADTHLESS,Without breadth.
BREADTHWAYS,Breadthwise. Whewell.
BREADTHWISE,In the direction of the breadth.
BREADWINNER,The member of a family whose labor supplies the food of thefamily; one
who works for his living. H. Spencer.
BREAK,See Commutator.
BREAK-CIRCUIT,A key or other device for breaking an electrical circuit.
BREAK-UP,Disruption; a separation and dispersion of the parts ormembers; as, a
break-up of an assembly or dinner party; a break-up ofthe government.
BREAKABLE,Capable of being broken.
BREAKAWAY,A wild rush of sheep, cattle, horses, or camels (especially atthe smell
or the sight of water); a stampede.
BREAKBONE FEVER,See Dengue.
BREAKER,A small water cask. Totten.
BREAKFAST,To break one's fast in the morning; too eat the first meal inthe
day.First, sir, I read, and then I breakfast. Prior.
BREAKMAN,See Brakeman.
BREAKNECK,Producing danger of a broken neck; as, breakneck speed.
BREAKWATER,Any structure or contrivance, as a mole, or a wall at the mouthof a
harbor, to break the force of waves, and afford protection fromtheir violence.
BREAM,A European fresh-water cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis,little valued as
food. Several species are known.
BREAST,To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or oppose manfully;as, to breast
the storm or waves.The court breasted the popular current by sustaining the
demurrer.Wirt.To breast up a hedge, to cut the face of it on one side so as to
laybare the principal upright stems of the plants.
BREAST-DEEP,Deep as from the breast to the feet; as high as the breast.See him
breast-deep in earth, and famish him. Shak.
BREAST-HIGH,High as the breast.
BREASTBAND,A band for the breast. Specifically: (Naut.) A band of canvas,or a rope,
fastened at both ends to the rigging, to support the manwho heaves the lead in
sounding.
BREASTBEAM,The front transverse beam of a locomotive.
BREASTBONE,The bone of the breast; the sternum.
BREASTED,Having a breast; -- used in composition with qualifying words,in either a
literal or a metaphorical sense; as, a single-breastedcoat.The close minister is
buttoned up, and the brave officer open-breasted, on these occasions. Spectator.
BREASTFAST,A large rope to fasten the midship part of a ship to a wharf,or to
another vessel.
BREASTHEIGHT,The interior slope of a fortification, against which thegarnison lean
in firing.
BREASTHOOK,A thick piece of timber in the form of a knee, placed acrossthe stem of
a ship to strengthen the fore part and unite the bows oneach side. Totten.
BREASTING,The curved channel in which a breast wheel turns. It is closelyadapted to
the curve of the wheel through about a quarter of itscircumference, and prevents
the escape of the water until it hasspent its force upon the wheel. See Breast
wheel.
BREASTKNOT,A pin worn of the breast for a fastening, or for ornament; abrooch.
BREASTPIN,A pin worn on the breast for a fastening, or for ornament; abrooch.
BREASTPLATE,A part of the vestment of the high priest, worn upon the frontof the
ephod. It was a double piece of richly embroidered stuff, aspan square, set with
twelve precious stones, on which were engravedthe names of the twelve tribes of
Israel. See Ephod.
BREASTRAIL,The upper rail of any parapet of ordinary height, as of abalcony; the
railing of a quarter-deck, etc.
BREASTROPE,See Breastband.
BREASTSUMMER,A summer or girder extending across a building flush with,
andsupporting, the upper part of a front or external wall; a longlintel; a girder;
-- used principally above shop windows. [Writtenalso brestsummer and bressummer.]
BREASTWHEEL,A water wheel, on which the stream of water strikes neither sohigh as
in the overshot wheel, nor so low as in the undershot, butgenerally at about half
the height of the wheel, being kept incontact with it by the breasting. The water
acts on the float boardspartly by impulse, partly by its weight.
BREASTWORK,A defensive work of moderate height, hastily thrown up, ofearth or other
material.
BREATHABLE,Such as can be breathed.
BREATHABLENESS,State of being breathable.
BREATHE,To utter without vocality, as the nonvocal consonants.The same sound may be
pronounces either breathed, voiced, orwhispered. H. Sweet.Breathed elements, being
already voiceless, remain unchanged
BREATHFUL,Full of breath; full of odor; fragrant. [Obs.]
BREATHING,A mark to indicate aspiration or its absence. See Roughbreathing, Smooth
breathing, below. Breathing place. (a) A pause."That cæsura, or breathing place, in
the midst of the verse." Sir P.Sidney. (b) A vent.-- Breathing time, pause;
relaxation. Bp. Hall.-- Breathing while, time sufficient for drawing breath; a
shorttime. Shak.-- Rough breathing (spiritus asper) (. See 2d Asper, n.-- Smooth
breathing (spiritus lenis), a mark (') indicating theabsence of the sound of h, as
in 'ie`nai (ienai).
BREATHLESSLY,In a breathless manner.
BREATHLESSNESS,The state of being breathless or out of breath.
BRECCIA,A rock composed of angular fragments either of the same mineralor of
different minerals, etc., united by a cement, and commonlypresenting a variety of
colors. Bone breccia, a breccia containingbones, usually fragmentary.-- Coin
breccia, a breccia containing coins.
BRECCIATED,Consisting of angular fragments cemented together; resemblingbreccia in
appearance.The brecciated appearance of many specimens [of meteorites]. H.
A.Newton.
BRED,imp. & p. p. of Breed. Bred out, degenerated. "The strain ofman's bred out
into baboon and monkey." Shak.-- Bred to arms. See under Arms.-- Well bred. (a) Of
a good family; having a good pedigree. "Agentleman well bred and of good name."
Shak. [Obs., except as appliedto domestic animals.] (b) Well brought up, as shown
in having goodmanners; cultivated; refined; polite.
BREDE,A braid. [R.]Half lapped in glowing gauze and golden brede. Tennyson.
BREECH ACTION,The breech mechanism in breech-loading small arms and certainspecial
guns, as automatic and machine guns; --used frequently inreferring to the method by
which the movable barrels of breech-loading shotguns are locked, unlocked, or
rotated to loadingposition.
BREECH SIGHT,A device attached to the breech of a firearm, to guide the eye,in
conjunction with the front sight, in taking aim.
BREECH,The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which iscalled the throat.
BREECH-LOADING,Receiving the charge at the breech instead of at the muzzle.
BREECHBLOCK,The movable piece which closes the breech of a breech-loadingfirearm,
and resists the backward force of the discharge. It iswithdrawn for the insertion
of a cartridge, and closed again beforethe gun is fired.
BREECHCLOTH,A cloth worn around the breech.
BREECHING,A strong rope rove through the cascabel of a cannon and securedto
ringbolts in the ship's side, to limit the recoil of the gun whenit is discharged.
BREECHLOADER,A firearm which receives its load at the breech.For cavalry, the
revolver and breechloader will supersede the saber.Rep. Sec. War (1860).
BREEDBATE,One who breeds or originates quarrels. [Obs.] "No telltale norno
breedbate." Shak.
BREEDING,A fly of various species, of the family Tabanidæ, noted forbuzzing about
animals, and tormenting them by sucking their blood; --called also horsefly, and
gadfly. They are among the largest of two-winged or dipterous insects. The name is
also given to differentspecies of botflies. [Written also breese and brize.]
BREEZE,Refuse coal, coal ashes, and cinders, used in the burning ofbricks.
BREEZELESS,Motionless; destitute of breezes.A stagnant, breezeless air becalms my
soul. Shenstone.
BREEZINESS,State of being breezy.
BREGMA,The point of junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures ofthe skull.
BREGMATIC,Pertaining to the bregma.
BREHON,An ancient Irish or Scotch judge. Brehon laws, the ancientIrish laws, --
unwritten, like the common law of England. They wereabolished by statute of Edward
III.
BRELAN CARRE,In French games, a double pair royal.
BRELAN FAVORI,In French games, a pair royal composed of 2 cards in the handand the
card turned.
BRELOQUE,A seal or charm for a watch chain. "His chains and breloques."Thackeray.
BREME,To burn. [Obs.] Chaucer.Consuming fire brent his shearing house or stall. W.
Browne.
BREN,Bran. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRENNAGE,A tribute which tenants paid to their lord, in lieu of bran,which they
were obliged to furnish for his hounds.
BRENNINGLY,Burningly; ardently. [Obs.]
BRENT,of Bren. Burnt. [Obs.]
BREQUET CHAIN,A watch-guard.
BRERE,A brier. [Archaic] Chaucer.
BREST,for Bursteth. [Obs.]
BRESTE,To burst. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRESTSUMMER,See Breastsummer.
BRET,See Birt.
BRETFUL,Brimful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRETHREN,pl. of Brother.
BRETON,Of or relating to Brittany, or Bretagne, in France.-- n.
BRETT,Same as Britzska.
BRETTICE,The wooden boarding used in supporting the roofs and walls ofcoal mines.
See Brattice.
BRETWALDA,The official title applied to that one of the Anglo-Saxonchieftains who
was chosen by the other chiefs to lead them in theirwarfare against the British
tribes. Brande & C.
BRETZEL,See Pretzel.
BREVE,A note or character of time, equivalent to two semibreves orfour minims. When
dotted, it is equal to three semibreves. It wasformerly of a square figure (as
thus: Moore.
BREVET,A commission giving an officer higher rank than that for whichhe receives
pay; an honorary promotion of an officer.
BREVETCY,The rank or condition of a brevet officer.
BREVIATE,To abbreviate. [Obs.]
BREVIATURE,An abbreviature; an abbreviation. [Obs.] Johnson.
BREVIER,A size of type between bourgeous and minion.
BREVILOQUENCE,A brief and pertinent mode of speaking. [R.]
BREVIPED,Having short legs.-- n.
BREVIPEN,A brevipennate bird.
BREVIPENNATE,Short-winged; -- applied to birds which can not fly, owing totheir
short wings, as the ostrich, cassowary, and emu.
BREW,The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed. Bacon.
BREWAGE,Malt liquor; drink brewed. "Some well-spiced brewage." Milton.A rich
brewage, made of the best Spanish wine. Macaulay.
BREWER,One who brews; one whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.
BREWERY,A brewhouse; the building and apparatus where brewing iscarried on.
BREWHOUSE,A house or building appropriated to brewing; a brewery.
BREWING,A gathering or forming of a storm or squall, indicated bythick, dark
clouds.
BREWSTERITE,A rare zeolitic mineral occurring in white monoclinic crystalswith
pearly luster. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia, baryta, andstrontia.
BREZILIN,See Brazilin.
BRIAR,Same as Brier.
BRIAREAN,Pertaining to, or resembling, Briareus, a giant fabled to havea hundred
hands; hence, hundred-handed or many-handed.
BRIBABLE,Capable of being bribed.A more bribable class of electors. S. Edwards.
BRIBELESS,Incapable of being bribed; free from bribes.From thence to heaven's
bribeless hall. Sir W. Raleigh.
BRIBERY,Miscellaneous curiosities and works of decorative art,considered
collectively. A piece of bric-a-brac, any curious orantique article of virtu, as a
piece of antiquated furniture or metalwork, or an odd knickknack.
BRICKBAT,A piece or fragment of a brick. See Bat, 4. Bacon.
BRICKFIELDER,Orig., at Sydney, a cold and violent south or southwest wind,rising
suddenly, and regularly preceded by a hot wind from the north;-- now usually called
southerly buster. It blew across theBrickfields, formerly so called, a district of
Sydney, and carriedclouds of dust into the city.
BRICKKILN,A kiln, or furnace, in which bricks are baked or burnt; or apile of green
bricks, laid loose, with arches underneath to receivethe wood or fuel for burning
them.
BRICKLAYER,One whose pccupation is to build with bricks. Bricklayer'sitch. See
under Itch.
BRICKLAYING,The art of building with bricks, or of uniting them by cementor mortar
into various forms; the act or occupation of laying bricks.
BRICKLE,Brittle; easily broken. [Obs. or Prov.] Spenser.As stubborn steel excels
the brickle glass. Turbervile.
BRICKLENESS,Brittleness. [Obs.]
BRICKMAKER,One whose occupation is to make bricks.-- Brick"mak*ing, n.
BRICKY,Full of bricks; formed of bricks; resembling bricks or brickdust. [R.]
Spenser.
BRICKYARD,A place where bricks are made, especially an inclosed place.
BRICOLE,A kind of traces with hooks and rings, with which men drag andmaneuver guns
where horses can not be used.
BRID,A bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRIDAL,Of or pertaining to a bride, or to wedding; nuptial; as, bridalornaments; a
bridal outfit; a bridal chamber.
BRIDALTY,Celebration of the nuptial feast. [Obs.] "In honor of thisbridalty." B.
Jonson.
BRIDE,To make a bride of. [Obs.]
BRIDE-ALE,A rustic wedding feast; a bridal. See Ale.The man that 's bid to bride-
ale, if he ha' cake, And drink enough,he need not fear his stake. B. Jonson.
BRIDEBED,The marriage bed. [Poetic]
BRIDECAKE,Rich or highly ornamented cake, to be distributed to the guestsat a
wedding, or sent to friends after the wedding.
BRIDECHAMBER,The nuptial appartment. Matt. ix. 15.
BRIDEGROOM,A man newly married, or just about to be married.
BRIDEKNOT,A knot of ribbons worn by a guest at a wedding; a weddingfavor. [Obs.]
BRIDESMAID,A female friend who attends on a bride at her wedding.
BRIDESMAN,A male friend who attends upon a bridegroom and bride at theirmarriage;
the "best man." Sir W. Scott.
BRIDESTAKE,A stake or post set in the ground, for guests at a wedding todance
round.Divide the broad bridecake Round about the bridestake. B. Jonson.
BRIDEWELL,A house of correction for the confinement of disorderlypersons; -- so
called from a hospital built in 1553 near St. Bride's(or Bridget's) well, in
London, which was subsequently a penalworkhouse.
BRIDGE,The small arch or bar at right angles to the strings of aviolin, guitar,
etc., serving of raise them and transmit theirvibrations to the body of the
instrument.
BRIDGEBOARD,A notched board to which the treads and risers of the steps ofwooden
stairs are fastened.
BRIDGEHEAD,A fortification commanding the extremity of a bridge nearestthe enemy,
to insure the preservation and usefulness of the bridge,and prevent the enemy from
crossing; a tête-de-pont.
BRIDGELESS,Having no bridge; not bridged.
BRIDGEPOT,The adjustable socket, or step, of a millstone spindle. Knight.
BRIDGETREE,The beam which supports the spindle socket of the runner in agrinding
mill. Knight.
BRIDGEY,Full of bridges. [R.] Sherwood.
BRIDLE IRON,A strong flat bar of iron, so bent as to support, as in astirrup, one
end of a floor timber, etc., where no sufficient bearingcan be had; -- called also
stirrup and hanger.
BRIDLE,The piece in the interior of a gun lock, which holds in placethe timbler,
sear, etc.
BRIDLER,One who bridles; one who restrains and governs, as with abridle. Milton.
BRIDOON,The snaffle and rein of a military bridle, which actsindependently of the
bit, at the pleasure of the rider. It is used inconnection with a curb bit, which
has its own rein. Campbell.
BRIE CHEESE,A kind of soft French cream cheese; -- so called from thedistrict in
France where it is made; --called also fromage de Brie.
BRIEF,An abridgment or concise statement of a client's case, made outfor the
instruction of counsel in a trial at law. This word isapplied also to a statement
of the heads or points of a law argument.It was not without some reference to it
that I perused many a brief.Sir J. Stephen.
BRIEFLESS,Having no brief; without clients; as, a briefless barrister.
BRIEFLY,Concisely; in few words.
BRIEFNESS,The quality of being brief; brevity; conciseness in discourseor writing.
BRIERED,Set with briers. Chatterton.
BRIERY,Full of briers; thorny.
BRIG,A bridge. [Scot.] Burns.
BRIGADE,A body of troops, whether cavalry, artillery, infantry, ormixed, consisting
of two or more regiments, under the command of abrigadier general.
BRIGADIER GENERAL,An officer in rank next above a colonel, and below a
majorgeneral. He commands a brigade, and is sometimes called, by ashortening of his
title, simple a brigadier.
BRIGANDAGE,Life and practice of brigands; highway robbery; plunder.
BRIGANDINE,A coast of armor for the body, consisting of scales or plates,sometimes
overlapping each other, generally of metal, and sewed tolinen or other material. It
was worn in the Middle Ages. [Writtenalso brigantine.] Jer. xlvi. 4.Then put on all
thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet, And brigandine ofbrass. Milton.
BRIGANDISH,Like a brigand or freebooter; robberlike.
BRIGANDISM,Brigandage.
BRIGGE,A bridge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRIGHT,See Brite, v. i.
BRIGHT-HARNESSED,Having glittering armor. [Poetic] Milton.
BRIGHTEN,To grow bright, or more bright; to become less dark or gloomy;to clear up;
to become bright or cheerful.And night shall brighten into day. N. Cotton.And, all
his prospects brightening to the last, His heaven commencesere world be past.
Goldsmith.
BRIGHTNESS,An affection of the kidneys, usually inflammatory in character,and
distinguished by the occurrence of albumin and renal casts in theurine. Several
varieties of Bright's disease are now recognized,differing in the part of the
kidney involved, and in the intensityand course of the morbid process.
BRIGHTSOME,Bright; clear; luminous; brilliant. [R.] Marlowe.
BRIGOSE,Contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Puller.
BRIGUE,A cabal, intrigue, faction, contention, strife, or quarrel.[Obs.]
Chesterfield.
BRIKE,A breach; ruin; downfall; peril. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BRILL,A fish allied to the turbot (Rhombus levis), much esteemed inEngland for
food; -- called also bret, pearl, prill. See Bret.
BRILLANTE,In a gay, showy, and sparkling style.
BRILLIANCE,Brilliancy. Tennyson.
BRILLIANCY,The quality of being brilliant; splendor; glitter; greatbrighness,
whether in a literal or figurative sense.With many readers brilliancy of style
passes for affluence ofthought. Longfellow.
BRILLIANT,The small size of type used in England printing.
BRILLIANTLY,In a brilliant manner.
BRILLIANTNESS,Brilliancy; splendor; glitter.
BRILLS,The hair on the eyelids of a horse. Bailey.
BRIM,To be full to the brim. "The brimming stream." Milton. To brimover (literally
or figuratively), to be so full that some of thecontents flows over the brim; as,
cup brimming over with wine; a manbrimming over with fun.
BRIMFUL,Full to the brim; completely full; ready to overflow. "Herbrimful eyes."
Dryden.
BRIMLESS,Having no brim; as, brimless caps.
BRIMMER,A brimful bowl; a bumper.
BRIMMING,Full to the brim; overflowing.
BRIMSTONE,Sulphur; See Sulphur.
BRIMSTONY,Containing or resembling brimstone; sulphurous. B. Jonson.
BRIN,One of the radiating sticks of a fan. The outermost are largerand longer, and
are called panaches. Knight.
BRINDED,Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked;brindled.
"Three brinded cows," Dryden. "The brinded cat." Shak.
BRINDLE,Brindled.
BRINDLED,Having dark streaks or spots on a gray or tawny ground;brinded. "With a
brindled lion played." Churchill.
BRINGER,One who brings.Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news Hath but a losing
office.Shak.Bringer in, one who, or that which, introduces.
BRININESS,The state or quality of being briny; saltness; brinishness.
BRINISH,Like brine; somewhat salt; saltish. "Brinish tears." Shak.
BRINISHNESS,State or quality of being brinish.
BRINJAREE,A rough-haired East Indian variety of the greyhound.
BRINK,The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of aprecipice; a bank or
edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border;as, the brink of a chasm. Also Fig.
"The brink of vice." Bp. Porteus."The brink of ruin." Burke.The plashy brink of
weedy lake. Bryant.
BRINY,Of or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of thenature of brine;
salt; as, a briny taste; the briny flood.
BRIOLETTE,An oval or pearshaped diamond having its entire surface cut intriangular
facets.
BRIONY,See Bryony. Tennyson.
BRISK,To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate; to take, orcause to take,
an erect or bold attitude; -- usually with up.
BRISKET,That part of the breast of an animal which extends from thefore legs back
beneath the ribs; also applied to the fore part of ahorse, from the shoulders to
the bottom of the chest.
BRISKLY,In a brisk manner; nimbly.
BRISKNESS,Liveliness; vigor in action; quickness; gayety; vivacity;effervescence.
BRISTLE,A stiff, sharp, roundish hair. Gray.
BRISTLE-POINTED,Terminating in a very fine, sharp point, as some leaves.
BRISTLE-SHAPED,Resembling a bristle in form; as, a bristle-shaped leaf.
BRISTLETAIL,An insect of the genera Lepisma, Campodea, etc., belonging tothe
Thysanura.
BRISTLINESS,The quality or state of having bristles.
BRISTLY,THick set with bristles, or with hairs resembling bristles;rough.The leaves
of the black mulberry are somewhat bristly. Bacon.
BRISTOL,A seaport city in the west of England. Bristol board, a kind offine
pasteboard, made with a smooth but usually unglazed surface.-- Bristol brick, a
brick of siliceous matter used for polishingcultery; -- originally manufactured at
Bristol.-- Bristol stone, rock crystal, or brilliant crystals of quartz,found in
the mountain limestone near Bristol, and used in makingornaments, vases, etc. When
polished, it is called Bristol diamond.
BRISURE,Any part of a rampart or parapet which deviates from thegeneral direction.
BRITANNIA,A white-metal alloy of tin, antimony, bismuth, copper, etc. Itsomewhat
resembles silver, and isused for table ware. Called alsoBritannia metal.
BRITANNIC,Of or pertaining to Great Britain; British; as, her BritannicMajesty.
BRITICISM,A word, phrase, or idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any mannerof using a
word or words that is peculiar to Great Britain.
BRITISH,Of or pertaining to Great Britain or to its inhabitants; --sometimes
restrict to the original inhabitants. British gum, abrownish substance, very
soluble in cold water, formed by heating drystarch at a temperature of about 600°
Fahr. It corresponds, in itsproperties, to dextrin, and is used, in solution, as a
substitute forgum in stiffering goods.-- British lion, the national emblem of Great
Britain.-- British seas, the four seas which surround Great Britain.
BRITISHER,An Englishman; a subject or inhabitant of Great Britain, esp.one in the
British military or naval service. [Now used jocosely]
BRITON,British. [Obs.] Spenser.-- n.
BRITTLE STAR,Any species of ophiuran starfishes. See Ophiuroidea.
BRITTLE,Easily broken; apt to break; fragile; not tough or tenacious.Farewell, thou
pretty, brittle piece Of fine-cut crystal. Cotton.Brittle silver ore, the mineral
stephanite.
BRITTLELY,In a brittle manner. Sherwood.
BRITTLENESS,Aptness to break; fragility.
BRITZSKA,A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to givespace for
reclining at night, when used on a journey.
BRIZE,The breeze fly. See Breeze. Shak.
BROACH,A broad chisel for stonecutting.
BROAD CHURCH,A portion of the Church of England, consisting of persons whoclaim to
hold a position, in respect to doctrine and fellowship,intermediate between the
High Church party and the Low Church, orevangelical, party. The term has been
applied to otherbodies of menholding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian
doctrine andfellowship.Side by side with these various shades of High and Low
Church,another party of a different character has always existed in theChurch of
England. It is called by different names: Moderate,Catholic, or Broad Church, by
its friends; Latitudinarian orIndifferent, by its enemies. Its distinctive
character is the desireof comprehension. Its watch words are charity and
toleration.Conybeare.
BROAD GAUGE,A wider distance between the rails than the "standard" gauge offour
feet eight inches and a half. See Gauge.
BROAD SEAL,The great seal of England; the public seal of a country orstate.
BROAD,Characterized by breadth. See Breadth.
BROAD-BRIMMED,Having a broad brim.A broad-brimmed flat silver plate. Tatler.
BROAD-HORNED,Having horns spreading widely.
BROADBILL,A wild duck (Aythya, or Fuligula, marila), which appears inlarge numbers
on the eastern coast of the United States, in autumn; -- called also bluebill,
blackhead, raft duck, and scaup duck. SeeScaup duck.
BROADCAST,A casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the handin sowing.
BROADCLOTH,A fine smooth-faced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually ofdouble
width (i.e., a yard and a half); -- so called in distinctionfrom woolens three
quarters of a yard wide.
BROADEN,To grow broad; to become broader or wider.The broadening sun appears.
Wordsworth.
BROADISH,Rather broad; moderately broad.
BROADLEAF,A tree (Terminalia latifolia) of Jamaica, the wood of which isused for
boards, scantling, shingles, etc; -- sometimes called thealmond tree, from the
shape of its fruit.
BROADLY,In a broad manner.
BROADMOUTH,One of the Eurylaimidæ, a family of East Indian passerinebirds.
BROADNESS,The condition or quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness;grossness.
BROADPIECE,An old English gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolusor Jacobus.
BROADSEAL,To stamp with the broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee orwarrant.
[Obs.]Thy presence broadseals our delights for pure. B. Jonson.
BROADSIDE,The side of a ship above the water line, from the bow to thequarter.
BROADSPREAD,Widespread.
BROADSPREADING,Spreading widely.
BROADSWORD,A sword with a broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore.I heard the
broadsword's deadly clang. Sir W. Scott.
BROADWISE,Breadthwise. [Archaic]
BROB,A peculiar brad-shaped spike, to be driven alongside the end ofan abutting
timber to prevent its slipping.
BROBDINGNAGIAN,Colossal' of extraordinary height; gigantic.-- n.
BROCADE,Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamentedwith raised
flowers, foliage, etc.; -- also applied to other stuffsthus wrought and enriched.A
gala suit of faded brocade. W. Irving.
BROCAGE,See Brokkerage.
BROCARD,An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule,in law,
ethics, or metaphysics.The legal brocard, "Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus," is a
rule notmore applicable to other witness than to consciousness. Sir W.Hamilton.
BROCATELLO,Same as Brocatel.
BROCCOLI,A plant of the Cabbage species (Brassica oleracea) of manyvarieties,
resembling the cauliflower. The "curd," or flowering head,is the part used for
food.
BROCHANTITE,A basic sulphate of copper, occurring in emerald-greencrystals.
BROCHE,Woven with a figure; as, broché goods.
BROCHETTE,A small spit or skewer.
BROCHURE,A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; apamphlet.
BROCK,A badger.Or with pretense of chasing thence the brock. B. Jonson.
BROCKET,A male red deer two years old; -- sometimes called brock.
BROCKISH,Beastly; brutal. [Obs.] Bale.
BRODEKIN,A buskin or half-boot. [Written also brodequin.] [Obs.]
BROG,A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a needle,or a small ship
stick.
BROGAN,A stout, coarse shoe; a brogue.
BROGGLE,To sniggle, or fish with a brog. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
BROGUES,Breeches. [Obs.] Shenstone.
BROID,To braid. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BROIDER,To embroider. [Archaic]They shall make a broidered coat. Ex. xxviii. 4.
BROIDERER,One who embroiders. [Archaic]
BROIDERY,Embroidery. [Archaic]The golden broidery tender Milkah wove. Tickell.
BROIL,A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention;discord, either
between individuals or in the state.I will own that there is a haughtiness and
fierceness in human naturewhich will which will cause innumerable broils, place men
in whatsituation you please. Burke.
BROILER,One who excites broils; one who engages in or promotes noisyquarrels.What
doth he but turn broiler, . . . make new libels against thechurch Hammond.
BROILING,Excessively hot; as, a broiling sun.-- n.
BROKAGE,See Brokerage.
BROKE,imp. & p. p. of Break.
BROKEN BREAST,Abscess of the mammary gland.
BROKEN WIND,The heaves.
BROKEN-BACKED,Hogged; so weakened in the frame as to droop at each end; --said of a
ship. Totten.
BROKEN-BELLIED,Having a ruptured belly. [R.]
BROKEN-HEARTED,Having the spirits depressed or crushed by grief or despair.She left
her husband almost broken-hearted. Macaulay.
BROKEN-WINDED,Having short breath or disordered respiration, as a horse.
BROKENLY,In a broken, interrupted manner; in a broken state; in brokenlanguage.The
pagans worship God . . . as it were brokenly and by piecemeal.Cudworth.
BROKER,An agent employed to effect bargains and contracts, as amiddleman or
negotiator, between other persons, for a compensationcommonly called brokerage. He
takes no possession, as broker, of thesubject matter of the negotiation. He
generally contracts in thenames of those who employ him, and not in his own. Story.
BROKERLY,Mean; servile. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
BROKERY,The business of a broker. [Obs.]And with extorting, cozening, forfeiting,
And tricks belonging untobrokery. Marlowe.
BROKING,Of or pertaining to a broker or brokers, or to brokerage.[Obs.]Redeem from
broking pawn the blemished crown. Shak.
BROMA,Aliment; food. Dunglison.
BROMAL,An oily, colorless fluid, CBr
BROMALIN,A colorless or white crystalline compound, (CH2)6N4C2H5Br, usedas a
sedative in epilepsy.
BROMANIL,A substance analogous to chloranil but containing bromine inplace of
chlorine.
BROMATE,A salt of bromic acid.
BROMATOLOGIST,One versed in the science of foods.
BROMATOLOGY,The science of aliments. Dunglison.
BROME GRASS,A genus (Bromus) of grasses, one species of which is the chessor cheat.
BROME,See Bromine.
BROMELIACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, a family of endogenous and
mostlyepiphytic or saxicolous plants of which the genera Tillandsia andBillbergia
are examples. The pineapple, though terrestrial, is alsoof this family.
BROMIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, bromine; -- said of thosecompounds of
bromine in which this element has a valence of five, orthe next to its highest; as,
bromic acid.
BROMIDE,A compound of bromine with a positive radical.
BROMIDIOM,A conventional comment or saying, such as those characteristicof
bromides. [Slang]
BROMINATE,See Bromate, v. t.
BROMINE,One of the elements, related in its chemical qualities tochlorine and
iodine. Atomic weight 79.8. Symbol Br. It is a deepreddish brown liquid of a very
disagreeable odor, emitting a brownishvapor at the ordinary temperature. In
combination it is found inminute quantities in sea water, and in many saline
springs. It occursalso in the mineral bromyrite.
BROMISM,A diseased condition produced by the excessive use of bromineor one of its
compounds. It is characterized by mental dullness andmuscular weakness.
BROMIZE,To prepare or treat with bromine; as, to bromize a silveredplate.
BROMLIFE,A carbonate of baryta and lime, intermediate between witheriteand
strontianite; -- called also alstonite.
BROMOFORM,A colorless liquid, CHBr3, having an agreeable odor andsweetish taste. It
is produced by the simultaneous action of bromineand caustic potash upon wood
spirit, alcohol, or acetone, as also bycertain other reactions. In composition it
is the same as chloroform,with the substitution of bromine for chlorine. It is
somewhat similarto chloroform in its effects. Watts.
BROMOGELATIN,Designating or pertaining to, a process of preparing dry plateswith an
emulsion of bromides and silver nitrate in gelatin.
BROMOIODISM,Poisoning induced by large doses of bromine and iodine or oftheir
compounds.
BROMOIODIZED,Treated with bromides and iodides.
BROMOL,A crystalline substance (chemically, tribromophenol,C6H2Br3OH), used as an
antiseptic and disinfectant.
BROMPICRIN,A pungent colorless explosive liquid, CNO2Br3, analogous to
andresembling chlorpicrin. [Spelt also brompikrin.]
BROMURET,See Bromide. [Obs.]
BROMYRITE,Silver bromide, a rare mineral; -- called also bromargyrite.
BRONCHI,See Bronchus.
BRONCHIA,The bronchial tubes which arise from the branching of thetrachea, esp. the
subdivision of the bronchi. Dunglison.
BRONCHIAL,Belonging to the bronchi and their ramifications in the lungs.Bronchial
arteries, branches of the descending aorta, accompanyingthe bronchia in all their
ramifications.-- Bronchial cells, the air cells terminating the bronchia.--
Bronchial glands, glands whose functions are unknown, seatedalong the bronchia.--
Bronchial membrane, the mucous membrane lining the bronchia.-- Bronchial tube, the
bronchi, or the bronchia.
BRONCHIC,Bronchial.
BRONCHIOLE,A minute bronchial tube.
BRONCHITIC,Of or pertaining to bronchitis; as, bronchitic inflammation.
BRONCHITIS,Inflammation, acute or chronic, of the bronchial tubes or anypart of
them.
BRONCHO,A native or a Mexican horse of small size. [Western U.S.]
BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA,Inflammation of the bronchi and lungs; catarrhal pneumonia.
BRONCHOCELE,See Goiter.
BRONCHOPHONY,A modification of the voice sounds, by which they areintensified and
heightened in pitch; -- observed in auscultation ofthe chest in certain cases of
intro-thoracic disease.
BRONCHOTOME,An instrument for cutting into the bronchial tubes.
BRONCHOTOMY,An incision into the windpipe or larynx, including theoperations of
tracheotomy and laryngotomy.
BRONCHUS,One of the subdivisions of the trachea or windpipe; esp. one ofthe two
primary divisions.
BRONCO,Same as Broncho.
BROND,A sword. [Obs.]
BRONTOGRAPH,An aërolite. [R.]
BRONTOLOGY,A treatise upon thunder.
BRONTOMETER,An instrument for noting or recording phenomena attendant
onthunderstorms.
BRONTOSAURUS,A genus of American jurassic dinosaurs. A length of sixty feetis
believed to have been attained by these reptiles.
BRONTOTHERIUM,A genus of large extinct mammals from the miocene strata ofwestern
North America. They were allied to the rhinoceros, but theskull bears a pair of
powerful horn cores in front of the orbits, andthe fore feet were four-toed. See
Illustration in Appendix.
BRONTOZOUM,An extinct animal of large size, known from its three-toedfootprints in
Mesozoic sandstone.
BRONZE STEEL,A hard tough alloy of tin, copper, and iron, which can be usedfor
guns.
BRONZEWING,An Australian pigeon of the genus Phaps, of several species; --so called
from its bronze plumage.
BRONZINE,A metal so prepared as to have the appearance of bronze.-- a.
BRONZIST,One who makes, imitates, collects, or deals in, bronzes.
BRONZITE,A variety of enstatite, often having a bronzelike luster. It isa silicate
of magnesia and iron, of the pyroxene family.
BRONZY,Like bronze.
BROOCH,A painting all of one color, as a sepia painting, or an Indiapainting.
BROOD,Heavy waste in tin and copper ores. To sit on brood, to ponder.[Poetic] Shak.
BROODY,Inclined to brood. Ray.
BROOK MINT,See Water mint.
BROOK,A natural stream of water smaller than a river or creek.The Lord thy God
bringeth thee into a good land, a land of brooks ofwater. Deut. viii. 7.Empires
itself, as doth an inland brook Into the main of waters.Shak.
BROOKITE,A mineral consisting of titanic oxide, and hence identical withrutile and
octahedrite in composition, but crystallizing in theorthorhombic system.
BROOKLET,A small brook.
BROOKLIME,A plant (Veronica Beccabunga), with flowers, usually blue, inaxillary
racemes. The American species is V. Americana. [Formerlywritten broklempe or
broklympe.]
BROOKSIDE,The bank of a brook.
BROOKWEED,A small white-flowered herb (Samolus Valerandi) found usuallyin wet
places; water pimpernel.
BROOM CORN,A variety of Sorghum vulgare, having a joined stem, like maize,rising to
the height of eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on apanicle with long
branches, of which brooms are made.
BROOM RAPE,A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia.They are
destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, andspiked flowers, and
grow attached to the roots of other plants, asfurze, clover, flax, wild carrot,
etc. The name is sometimes appliedto other plants related to this genus, as
Aphyllon uniflorumand A.Ludovicianum.
BROOM,A plant having twigs suitable for making brooms to sweep withwhen bound
together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe,which is a low shrub with
long, straight, green, angular branches,mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers.No
gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom. Wordsworth.
BROOMSTAFF,A broomstick. [Obs.] Shak.
BROOMSTICK,A stick used as a handle of a broom.
BROOMY,Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resemblingbroom or a
broom.If land grow mossy or broomy. Mortimer.
BROSE,Pottage made by pouring some boiling liquid on meal (esp.oatmeal), and
stirring it. It is called beef brose, water brose,etc., according to the name of
the liquid (beef broth, hot water,etc.) used. [Scot.]
BROTEL,Brittle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BROTELNESS,Brittleness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BROTH,Liquid in which flesh (and sometimes other substances, asbarley or rice) has
been boiled; thin or simple soup.I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you
love broth betterthan soup. Addison.
BROTHEL,A house of lewdness or ill fame; a house frequented byprostitutes; a
bawdyhouse.
BROTHELER,One who frequents brothels.
BROTHELRY,Lewdness; obscenity; a brothel. B. Jonson.
BROTHER GERMAN,A brother by both the father's and mother's side,
incontradistinction to a uterine brother, one by the mother only.Bouvier.
BROTHER,To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admitto a
brotherhood. Sir W. Scott.
BROTHER-IN-LAW,The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband ofone's
sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister.
BROTHERLINESS,The state or quality of being brotherly.
BROTHERLY,Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers;becoming to
brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love.
BROUDED,Braided; broidered. [Obs.]Alle his clothes brouded up and down. Chaucer.
BROUGHAM,A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, andthe fore
wheels so arranged as to turn short.
BROW,To bound to limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.]Tending my flocks hard
by i' the hilly crofts That brow this bottomglade. Milton.
BROWBEAT,To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or witharrogant speech
and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert byimpudent or abusive words or
looks; to bully; as, to browbeatwitnesses.My grandfather was not a man to be
browbeaten. W. Irving.
BROWBEATING,The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with sternlooks,
suspercilious manners, or confident assertions.The imperious browbeating and scorn
of great men. L'Estrange.
BROWBOUND,Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem. Shak.
BROWDYNG,Embroidery. [Obs.]Of goldsmithrye, of browdying, and of steel. Chaucer.
BROWED,Having (such) a brow; -- used in composition; as, dark-browed,stern-browed.
BROWLESS,Without shame. L. Addison.
BROWN BILL,A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill.Many
time, but for a sallet, my brainpan had been cleft with a brownbill. Shak.
BROWN RACE,The Malay or Polynesian race; -- loosely so called.
BROWN THRUSH,A common American singing bird (Harporhynchus rufus), allied tothe
mocking bird; -- also called brown thrasher.
BROWN,Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red oryellow.Cheeks
brown as the oak leaves. Longfellow.Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock
smoothbore musket, withbronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army.-- Brown
bread (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unboltedwheat flour, sometimes
called in the United States Graham bread. "Hewould mouth with a beggar though she
smelt brown bread and garlic."Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and
Indian meal, or ofwheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] -- Brown
coal,wood coal. See Lignite.-- Brown hematite or Brown iron ore (Min.), the hydrous
iron oxide,limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite.-- Brown holland. See
under Holland.-- Brown paper, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper,
madeof unbleached materials.-- Brown spar (Min.), a ferruginous variety of
dolomite, in partidentical with ankerite.-- Brown stone. See Brownstone.-- Brown
stout, a strong kind of proter or malt liquor.-- Brown study, a state of mental
abstraction or serious reverie. W.Irving.
BROWNBACK,The dowitcher or red-breasted snipe. See Dowitcher.
BROWNIAN,Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown, who first demonstrated (about1827) the
commonness of the motion described below. Brownianmovement, the peculiar, rapid,
vibratory movement exhibited by themicroscopic particles of substances when
suspended in water or otherfluids.
BROWNIE,An imaginary good-natured spirit, who was supposed often toperform
important services around the house by night, such asthrashing, churning, sweeping.
[Scot.]
BROWNING,A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and thepreparation
for the finishing coat of plaster.
BROWNISH,Somewhat brown.
BROWNISM,The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists.Milton.
BROWNIST,A follower of Robert Brown, of England, in the 16th century,who taught
that every church is complete and independent in itselfwhen organized, and consists
of members meeting in one place, havingfull power to elect and depose its officers.
BROWNNESS,The quality or state of being brown.Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy
hair); Only in brownness beautydwelleth there. Drayton.
BROWNSTONE,A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes.
BROWNWORT,A species of figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and otherspecies of
the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuouscoarse flowers.
BROWNY,Brown or, somewhat brown. "Browny locks." Shak.
BROWPOST,A beam that goes across a building.
BROWSE,The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for thefood of cattle
and other animals; green food. Spenser.Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler
steed, On browse, and corn,and flowery meadows feed. Dryden.
BROWSER,An animal that browses.
BROWSEWOOD,Srubs and bushes upon which animals browse.
BROWSING,Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals
maybrowse.Browsings for the deer. Howell.
BROWSPOT,A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interoculargland.
BRUANG,The Malayan sun bear.
BRUCINE,A poweful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated withstrychnine, in the
seeds of different species of Strychnos,especially in the Nux vomica. It is less
powerful than strychnine.Called also brucia and brucina.
BRUCKELED,Wet and dirty; begrimed. [Obs. or Dial.] Herrick.
BRUH,The rhesus monkey. See Rhesus.
BRUIN,A bear; -- so called in popular tales and fables.
BRUISE,To fight with the fists; to box.Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old
English custom. Thackeray.
BRUISEWORT,A plant supposed to heal bruises, as the true daisy, thesoapwort, and
the comfrey.
BRUIT,An abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation.
BRUMAIRE,The second month of the calendar adopted by the first Frenchrepublic. It
began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. SeeVendemiaire.
BRUMAL,Of or pertaining to winter. "The brumal solstice." Sir T.Browne.
BRUME,Mist; fog; vapors. "The drifting brume." Longfellow.
BRUMMAGEM,Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham. [Slang] "TheseBrummagem gentry."
Lady D. Hardy.
BRUMOUS,Foggy; misty.
BRUN,Same as Brun, a brook. [Scot.]
BRUNETTE,A girl or woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion.-- a.
BRUNION,A nectarine.
BRUNONIAN,Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; -- a term applied to asystem of
medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, ofScotland, the fundamental
doctrine of which was, that life is a stateof excitation produced by the normal
action of external agents uponthe body, and that disease consists in excess or
deficiency ofexcitation.
BRUNSWICK BLACK,See Japan black.
BRUNSWICK GREEN,An oxychloride of copper, used as a green pigment; also, acarbonate
of copper similarly employed.
BRUSH TURKEY,A large, edible, gregarious bird of Australia (TalegallaLathami) of
the family Megapodidæ. Also applied to several alliedspecies of New Guinea.
BRUSH,A tuft of hair on the mandibles.
BRUSHER,One who, or that which, brushes.
BRUSHINESS,The quality of resembling a brush; brushlike condition;shagginess. Dr.
H. More.
BRUSHITE,A white or gray crystalline mineral consisting of the acidphosphate of
calcium.
BRUSHY,Resembling a brush; shaggy; rough.
BRUSK,Same as Brusque.
BRUSQUE,Rough and prompt in manner; blunt; abrupt; hluff; as, a brusqueman; a
brusque style.
BRUSQUENESS,Quality of being brusque; roughness joined with promptness;blutness.
Brit. Quar.
BRUSSELS,A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kindof lace,
etc. Brussels carpet, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarnfixed in a foundation
web of strong linen thread. The worsted, whichalone shows on the upper surface in
drawn up in loops to form thepattern.-- Brussels ground, a name given to the
handmade ground of realBrussels lace. It is very costly because of the extreme
fineness ofthe threads.-- Brussels lace, an expensive kind of lace of several
varieties,originally made in Brussels; as, Brussels point, Brussels ground,Brussels
wire ground.-- Brussels net, an imitation of Brussels ground, made by machinery.--
Brussels point. See Point lace.-- Brussels sprouts (Bot.), a plant of the Cabbage
family, whichproduces, in the axils of the upright stem, numerous small greenheads,
or "sprouts," each a cabbage in miniature, of one or twoinches in diameter; the
thousand-headed cabbage.-- Brussels wire ground, a ground for lace, made of silk,
withmeshes partly straight and partly arched.
BRUSTLE,A bristle. [Obs. or Prov.] Chaucer.
BRUT,To browse. [Obs.] Evelyn.
BRUTA,See Edentata.
BRUTALISM,Brutish quality; brutality.
BRUTALIZATION,The act or process of making brutal; state of being brutalized.
BRUTALIZE,To make brutal; beasty; unfeeling; or inhuman.
BRUTALLY,In a brutal manner; cruelly.
BRUTE,To report; to bruit. [Obs.]
BRUTELY,In a rude or violent manner.
BRUTIFY,To make like a brute; to make senseless, stupid, or unfeeling;to
brutalize.Any man not quite brutified and void of sense. Barrow.
BRUTING,Browsing. [Obs.] Evelyn.
BRUTISH,Pertaining to, or resembling, a brute or brutes; of a cruel,gross, and
stupid nature; coarse; unfeeling; unintelligent.O, let all provocation Take every
brutish shape it can devise. LeighHunt.Man may . . . render himself brutish, but it
is in vain that he wouldseek to take the rank and density of the brute. I. Taylor.
BRUTISM,The nature or characteristic qualities or actions of a brute;extreme
stupidity, or beastly vulgarity.
BRYOLOGICAL,Relating to bryology; as, bryological studies.
BRYOLOGIST,One versed in bryology.
BRYOLOGY,That part of botany which relates to mosses.
BRYONIN,A bitter principle obtained from the root of the bryony(Bryonia alba and B.
dioica). It is a white, or slightly colored,substance, and is emetic and cathartic.
BRYONY,The common name of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genusBryonia. The
root of B. alba (rough or white bryony) and of B. dioicais a strong, irritating
cathartic. Black bryony, a plant (Tamuscommunis) so named from its dark glossy
leaves and black root; blackbindweed.
BRYOPHYTA,See Cryptogamia.
BRYOZOA,A class of Molluscoidea, including minute animals which bybudding form
compound colonies; -- called also Polyzoa.
BRYOZOAN,Of or pertaining to the Bryozoa.-- n.
BRYOZOUM,An individual zooid of a bryozoan coralline, of which there maybe two or
more kinds in a single colony. The zooecia usually have awreath of tentacles around
the mouth, and a well developed stomachand intestinal canal; but these parts are
lacking in the other zooids(Avicularia, Ooecia, etc.).
BUANSUAH,The wild dog of northern India (Cuon primævus), supposed bysome to be an
ancestral species of the domestic dog.
BUAT,A lantern; also, the moon. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
BUB,Strong malt liquor. [Cant] Prior.
BUBALE,A large antelope (Alcelaphus bubalis) of Egypt and the Desertof Sahara,
supposed by some to be the fallow deer of the Bible.
BUBALINE,Resembling a buffalo. Bubaline antelope (Zoöl.), the bubale.
BUBBLE SHELL,A marine univalve shell of the genus Bulla and allied genera,belonging
to the Tectibranchiata.
BUBBLER,To cheat; to deceive.She has bubbled him out of his youth. Addison.The
great Locke, who was seldom outwitted by false sounds, wasnevertheless bubbled
here. Sterne.
BUBBLING JOCK,The male wild turkey, the gobbler; -- so called in allusion toits
notes.
BUBBLY,Abounding in bubbles; bubbling. Nash.
BUBBY,A woman's breast. [Low]
BUBO,An inflammation, with enlargement, of a limphatic gland, esp.in the groin, as
in syphilis.
BUBONIC,Of or pertaining to a bubo or buboes; characterized by buboes.
BUBONOCELE,An inguinal hernia; esp. that incomplete variety in which thehernial
pouch descends only as far as the groin, forming a swellingthere like a bubo.
BUBUKLE,A red pimple. [R.] Shak.
BUCCAL,Of or pertaining to the mouth or cheeks.
BUCCAN,A wooden frame or grid for roasting, smoking, or drying meatover fire.
BUCCANEER,A robber upon the sea; a pirate; -- a term applied especiallyto the
piratical adventurers who made depredations on the Spaniardsin America in the 17th
and 18th centuries. [Written also bucanier.]
BUCCANEERISH,Like a buccaneer; piratical.
BUCCINAL,Shaped or sounding like a trumpet; trumpetlike.
BUCCINATOR,A muscle of the cheek; -- so called from its use in blowingwind
instruments.
BUCCINOID,Resembling the genus Buccinum, or pertaining to the Buccinidæ,a family of
marine univalve shells. See Whelk, and Prosobranchiata.
BUCCINUM,A genus of large univalve mollusks abundant in the arctic seas.It includes
the common whelk (B. undatum).
BUCENTAUR,The state barge of Venice, used by the doge in the ceremony ofespousing
the Adriatic.
BUCEPHALUS,The celebrated war horse of Alexander the Great.
BUCEROS,A genus of large perching birds; the hornbills.
BUCHOLZITE,Same as Fibrolite.
BUCHU,A South African shrub (Barosma) with small leaves that aredotted with oil
dlands; also, the leaves themselves, which are usedin medicine for diseases of the
urinary organs, etc. Several speciesfurnish the leaves.
BUCK BEAN,A plant (Menyanthes trifoliata) which grows in moist and boggyplaces,
having racems of white or reddish flowers and intenselybitter leaves, sometimes
used in medicine; marsh trefoil; -- calledalso bog bean.
BUCK FEVER,Intense excitement at the sight of deer or other game, such asoften
unnerves a novice in hunting. [Colloq.]
BUCK,To break up or pulverize, as ores.
BUCK-BASKET,A basket in which clothes are carried to the wash. Shak.
BUCK-EYED,Having bad or speckled eyes. "A buck-eyed horse." James White.
BUCKBOARD,A four-wheeled vehicle, having a long elastic board or frameresting on
the bolsters or axletrees, and a seat or seats placedtransversely upon it; --
called also buck wagon.
BUCKER,A horse or mule that bucks.
BUCKET SHOP,An office or a place where facilities are given for bettingsmall sums
on current prices of stocks, petroleum, etc. [Slang, U.S.]
BUCKET,One of the receptacles on the rim of a water wheel into whichthe water
rushes, causing the wheel to revolve; also, a float of apaddle wheel.
BUCKETY,Paste used by weavers to dress their webs. Buchanan.
BUCKEYE,A name given to several American trees and shrubs of the samegenus
(Æsculus) as the horse chestnut. The Ohio buckeye, or Fetidbuckeye, is Æsculus
glabra.-- Red buckeye is Æ. Pavia.-- Small buckeye is Æ. paviflora.-- Sweet
buckeye, or Yellow buckeye, is Æ. flava.
BUCKHOUND,A hound for hunting deer. Master of the buckhounds, an officerin the
royal household. [Eng.]
BUCKIE,A large spiral marine shell, esp. the common whelk. SeeBuccinum. [Scot.]
Deil's buckie, a perverse, refractory youngster.[Slang]
BUCKISH,Dandified; foppish.
BUCKLER,A block of wood or plate of iron made to fit a hawse hole, orthe circular
opening in a half-port, to prevent water from enteringwhen the vessel pitches.
Blind buckler (Naut.), a solid buckler.-- Buckler mustard (Bot.), a genus of plants
(Biscutella) with smallbright yellow flowers. The seed vessel on bursting resembles
twobucklers or shields.-- Buckler thorn, a plant with seed vessels shaped like a
buckler.See Christ's thorn.-- Riding buckler (Naut.), a buckler with a hole for the
passage ofa cable.
BUCKLER-HEADED,Having a head like a buckler.
BUCKLING,Wavy; curling, as hair. Latham.
BUCKRA,A white man; -- a term used by negroes of the African coast,West Indies,
etc.
BUCKRAM,A plant. See Ramson. Dr. Prior.
BUCKSHOT,A coarse leaden shot, larger than swan shot, used in huntingdeer and large
game.
BUCKSKIN,Breeches made of buckskin.I have alluded to his buckskin. Thackeray.
BUCKSTALL,A toil or net to take deer.
BUCKTHORN,A genus (Rhamnus) of shrubs or trees. The shorter branches ofsome species
terminate in long spines or thorns. See Rhamnus. Seabuckthorn, a plant of the genus
Hippophaë.
BUCKTOOTH,Any tooth that juts out.When he laughed, two white buckteeth protruded.
Thackeray.
BUCKWHEAT,A plant (Fagopyrum esculentum) of the Polygonum family, theseed of which
is used for food.
BUCOLIC,Of or pertaining to the life and occupation of a shepherd;pastoral; rustic.
BUCOLICAL,Bucolic.
BUCRANIUM,A sculptured ornament, representing an ox skull adorned withwreaths, etc.
BUD,A small protuberance on the stem or branches of a plant,containing the
rudiments of future leaves, flowers, or stems; anundeveloped branch or flower.
BUDDHA,The title of an incarnation of self-abnegation, virtue, andwisdom, or a
deified religious teacher of the Buddhists, esp. GautamaSiddartha or Sakya Sinha
(or Muni), the founder of Buddhism.
BUDDHISM,The religion based upon the doctrine originally taught by theHindoo sage
Gautama Siddartha, surnamed Buddha, "the awakened orenlightened," in the sixth
century b.c., and adopted as a religion bythe greater part of the inhabitants of
Central and Eastern Asia andthe Indian Islands. Buddha's teaching is believed to
have beenatheistic; yet it was characterized by elevated humanity andmorality. It
presents release from existence (a beatificenfranchisement, Nirvâna) as the
greatest good. Buddhists believe intransmigration of souls through all phases and
forms of life. Theirnumber was estimated in 1881 at 470,000,000.
BUDDHIST,One who accepts the teachings of Buddhism.
BUDDHISTIC,Same as Buddhist, a.
BUDDING,A process of asexual reproduction, in which a new organism orcell is formed
by a protrusion of a portion of the animal orvegetable organism, the bud thus
formed sometimes remaining attachedto the parent stalk or cell, at other times
becoming free; gemmation.See Hydroidea.
BUDDLE,An apparatus, especially an inclined trough or vat, in whichstamped ore is
concentrated by subjecting it to the action of rynningwater so as to wash out the
lighter and less valuable portions.
BUDE BURNER,A burner consisting of two or more concentric Argand burners(the inner
rising above the outer) and a central tube by which oxygengas or common air is
supplied.
BUDE LIGHT,A light in which high illuminating power is obtained byintroducing a jet
of oxygen gas or of common air into the center of aflame fed with coal gas or with
oil.
BUDGE,To move off; to stir; to walk away.I'll not budge an inch, boy. Shak.The
mouse ne'er shunned the cat as they did budge From rascals worsethan they. Shak.
BUDGENESS,Sternness; severity. [Obs.]A Sara for goodness, a great Bellona for
budgeness. Stanyhurst.
BUDGER,One who budges. Shak.
BUDGEROW,A large and commodious, but generally cumbrous and sluggishboat, used for
journeys on the Ganges.
BUDGY,Consisting of fur. [Obs.]
BUDLET,A little bud springing from a parent bud.We have a criterion to distinguish
one bud from another, or theparent bud from the numerous budlets which are its
offspring. E.Darwin.
BUFF,The grayish viscid substance constituting the buffy coat. SeeBuffy coat, under
Buffy, a.
BUFFA,The comic actress in an opera.-- a.
BUFFALO,A species of the genus Bos or Bubalus (B. bubalus), originallyfrom India,
but now found in most of the warmer countries of theeastern continent. It is larger
and less docile than the common ox,and is fond of marshy places and rivers.
BUFFEL DUCK,A small duck (Charitonetta albeola); the spirit duck, orbutterball. The
head of the male is covered with numerous elongatedfeathers, and thus appears
large. Called also bufflehead.
BUFFERHEAD,The head of a buffer, which recieves the concussion, inrailroad
carriages.
BUFFET,To deaden the sound of (bells) by muffling the clapper.
BUFFETER,One who buffets; a boxer. Jonson.
BUFFIN,A sort of coarse stuff; as, buffin gowns. [Obs.]
BUFFING APPARATUS,See Buffer, 1.
BUFFLE,The buffalo. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
BUFFLE-HEADED,Having a large head, like a buffalo; dull; stupid; blundering.
[Obs.]So fell this buffle-headed giant. Gayton.
BUFFLEHEAD,The buffel duck. See Buffel duck.
BUFFO,The comic actor in an opera.
BUFFOON,A man who makes a practice of amusing others by low tricks,antic gestures,
etc.; a droll; a mimic; a harlequin; a clown; amerry-andrew.
BUFFOONERY,The arts and practices of a buffoon, as low jests, ridiculouspranks,
vulgar tricks and postures.Nor that it will ever constitute a wit to conclude a
tart piece ofbuffoonery with a "What makes you blush" Spectator.
BUFFOONISH,Like a buffoon; consisting in low jests or gestures. Blair.
BUFFOONISM,The practices of a buffoon; buffoonery.
BUFFOONLY,Low; vulgar. [R.]Apish tricks and buffoonly discourse. Goodman.
BUFFY,Resembling, or characterized by, buff. Buffy coat, thecoagulated plasma of
blood when the red corpuscles have so settledout that the coagulum appears nearly
colorless. This is common indiseased conditions where the corpuscles run together
more rapidlyand in denser masses than usual. Huxley.
BUFO,A genus of Amphibia including various species of toads.
BUFONITE,An old name for a fossil consisting of the petrified teeth andpalatal
bones of fishes belonging to the family of Pycnodonts (thickteeth), whose remains
occur in the oölite and chalk formations;toadstone; -- so named from a notion that
it was originally formed inthe head of a toad.
BUG,A general name applied to various insects belonging to theHemiptera; as, the
squash bug; the chinch bug, etc.
BUGBANE,A perennial white-flowered herb of the order Ranunculaceæ andgenus
Cimiciguga; bugwort. There are several species.
BUGBEAR,Same as Bugaboo.-- a.
BUGFISH,The menhaden. [U.S.]
BUGGERY,Unnatural sexual intercourse; sodomy.
BUGGINESS,The state of being infested with bugs.
BUGGY,Infested or abounding with bugs.
BUGLE,A sort of wild ox; a buffalo. E. Phillips.
BUGLED,Ornamented with bugles.
BUGLER,One who plays on a bugle.
BUGLEWEED,A plant of the Mint family and genus Lycopus; esp. L.Virginicus, which
has mild narcotic and astringent properties, and issometimes used as a remedy for
hemorrhage.
BUGLOSS,A plant of the genus Anchusa, and especially the A.officinalis, sometimes
called alkanet; oxtongue. Small wild bugloss,the Asperugo procumbens and the
Lycopsis arvensis.-- Viper's bugloss, a species of Echium.
BUGWORT,Bugbane.
BUHLBUHL,See Bulbul.
BUHRSTONE,A cellular, flinty rock, used for mill stones. [Written alsoburrstone.]
BUILD,Form or mode of construction; general figure; make; as, thebuild of a ship.
BUILDER,One who builds; one whose occupation is to build, as acarpenter, a
shipwright, or a mason.In the practice of civil architecture, the builder comes
between thearchitect who designs the work and the artisans who execute it. Eng.Cyc.
BUILT,Shape; build; form of structure; as, the built of a ship.[Obs.] Dryden.
BUKE MUSLIN,See Book muslin.
BUKSHISH,See Backsheesh.
BULAU,An East Indian insectivorous mammal (Gymnura Rafflesii),somewhat like a rat
in appearance, but allied to the hedgehog.
BULB,A spheroidal body growing from a plant either above or belowthe ground
(usually below), which is strictly a bud, consisting of acluster of partially
developed leaves, and producing, as it grows, astem above, and roots below, as in
the onion, tulip, etc. It differsfrom a corm in not being solid.
BULBACEOUS,Bulbous. Jonson.
BULBAR,Of or pertaining to bulb; especially, in medicine, pertainingto the bulb of
the spinal cord, or medulla oblongata; as, bulbarparalysis.
BULBED,Having a bulb; round-headed.
BULBEL,A separable bulb formed on some flowering plants.
BULBIFEROUS,Producing bulbs.
BULBIL,A small or secondary bulb; hence, now almost exclusively: Anaërial bulb or
deciduous bud, produced in the leaf axils, as in thetiger lily, or relpacing the
flowers, as in some onions, and capable,when separated, of propagating the plant;
-- called also bulblet andbrood bud.
BULBLET,A small bulb, either produced on a larger bulb, or on someaërial part of a
plant, as in the axils of leaves in the tiger lily,or replacing the flowers in some
kinds of onion.
BULBO-TUBER,A corm.
BULBOSE,Bulbous.
BULBOUS,Having or containing bulbs, or a bulb; growing from bulbs;bulblike in shape
or structure.
BULBUL,The Persian nightingale (Pycnonotus jocosus). The name is alsoapplied to
several other Asiatic singing birds, of the familyTimaliidæ. The green bulbuls
belong to the Chloropsis and alliedgenera. [Written also buhlbuhl.]
BULBULE,A small bulb; a bulblet.
BULCHIN,A little bull.
BULGE,The bilge of a vessel. See Bilge, 2. Bulge ways. (Naut.) SeeBilge ways.
BULGER,A driver or a brassy with a convex face.
BULGY,Bulged; bulging; bending, or tending to bend, outward.[Colloq.]
BULIMUS,A genus of land snails having an elongated spiral shell, oftenof large
size. The species are numerous ingabundant in tropicalAmerica.
BULK,The cargo of a vessel when stowed.
BULKER,A person employed to ascertain the bulk or size of goods, inorder to fix the
amount of freight or dues payable on them.
BULKHEAD,A partition in a vessel, to separate apartments on the samedeck.
BULKINESS,Greatness in bulk; size.
BULKY,Of great bulk or dimensions; of great size; large; thick;massive; as, bulky
volumes.A bulky digest of the revenue laws. Hawthorne.
BULL BRIER,A species of Smilax (S. Pseudo-China) growing from New Jerseyto the Gulf
of Mexico, which has very large tuberous and farinaceousrootstocks, formerly used
by the Indians for a sort of bread, and bythe negroes as an ingredient in making
beer; -- called also bamboobrier and China brier.
BULL TERRIER,A breed of dogs obtained by crossing the bulldog and theterrier.
BULL,The male of any species of cattle (Bovidæ); hence, the male ofany large
quadruped, as the elephant; also, the male of the whale.
BULL-NECKED,Having a short and thick neck like that of a bull. Sir W.Scott.
BULL-ROARER,A contrivance consisting of a slat of wood tied to the end of athong or
string, with which the slat is whirled so as to cause anintermittent roaring noise.
It is used as a toy, and among some racesin certain religious rites.
BULLA,A bleb; a vesicle, or an elevation of the cuticle, containing atransparent
watery fluid.
BULLANTIC,Pertaining to, or used in, papal bulls. Fry. Bullantic letters,Gothic
letters used in papal bulls.
BULLARY,A collection of papal bulls.
BULLATE,Appearing as if blistered; inflated; puckered. Bullate leaf(Bot.), a leaf,
the membranous part of which rises between the veinspuckered elevations convex on
one side and concave on the other.
BULLBEGGAR,Something used or suggested to produce terror, as in childrenor persons
of weak mind; a bugbear.And being an ill-looked fellow, he has a pension from the
churchwardens for being bullbeggar to all the forward children in theparish.
Mountfort (1691).
BULLCOMBER,A scaraboid beetle; esp. the Typhæus vulgaris of Europe.
BULLDOG,A variety of dog, of remarkable ferocity, courage, and tenacityof grip; --
so named, probably, from being formerly employed inbaiting bulls.
BULLDOZE,To intimidate; to restrain or coerce by intimidation orviolence; -- used
originally of the intimidation of negro voters, inLouisiana. [Slang, U.S.]
BULLDOZER,One who bulldozes. [Slang]
BULLED,Swollen. [Obs.]
BULLEN-BULLEN,The lyre bird.
BULLEN-NAIL,A nail with a round head and short shank, tinned and lacquered.
BULLET-PROOF,Capable of resisting the force of a bullet. Bullet tree. SeeBully
tree.-- Bullet wood, the wood of the bullet tree.
BULLFACED,Having a large face.
BULLFEAST,See Bullfight. [Obs.]
BULLFINCH,A bird of the genus Pyrrhula and other related genera,especially the P.
vulgaris or rubicilla, a bird of Europe allied tothe grosbeak, having the breast,
cheeks, and neck, red.
BULLFROG,A very large species of frog (Rana Catesbiana), found in NorthAmerica; --
so named from its loud bellowing in spring.
BULLHEAD,A small black water insect. E. Phillips. Bullhead whiting(Zoöl.), the
kingfish of Florida (Menticirrus alburnus).
BULLHEADED,Having a head like that of a bull. Fig.: Headstrong; obstinate;dogged.
BULLIONIST,An advocate for a metallic currency, or a paper currency
alwaysconvertible into gold.
BULLIRAG,To intimidate by bullying; to rally contemptuously; to badger.[Low]
BULLISH,Partaking of the nature of a bull, or a blunder.Let me inform you, a
toothless satire is as improper as a toothedsleek stone, and as bullish. Milton.
BULLIST,A writer or drawer up of papal bulls. [R.] Harmar.
BULLITION,The action of boiling; boiling. [Obs.] See Ebullition. Bacon.
BULLOCK,To bully. [Obs.]She shan't think to bullock and domineer over me. Foote.
BULLON,A West Indian fish (Scarus Croicensis).
BULLPOUT,See Bullhead, 1 (b).
BULLWEED,Knapweed. Prior.
BULLWORT,See Bishop's-weed.
BULLY TREE,The name of several West Indian trees of the order Sapotaceæ,as Dipholis
nigra and species of Sapota and Mimusops. Most of themyield a substance closely
resembling gutta-percha.
BULLY,To intimidate with threats and by an overbearing, swaggeringdemeanor; to act
the part of a bully toward.For the last fortnight there have been prodigious shoals
ofvolunteers gone over to bully the French, upon hearing the peace wasjust signing.
Tatler.
BULLYRAG,Same as Bullirag.
BULLYROCK,A bully. [Slang Obs.] Shak.
BULRUSH,A kind of large rush, growing in wet land or in water.
BULSE,A purse or bag in which to carry or measure diamonds, etc.[India] Macaulay.
BULTEL,A bolter or bolting cloth; also, bran. [Obs.]
BULTI,Same as Bolty.
BULTONG,Biltong.
BULTOW,A trawl; a boulter; the mod
BULWARK,A rampart; a fortification; a bastion or outwork.
BUM,The buttock. [Low] Shak.
BUMBAILIFF,See Bound bailiff, under Bound, a.
BUMBARD,See Bombard. [Obs.]
BUMBARGE,See Bumboat. Carlyle.
BUMBAST,See Bombast. [Obs.]
BUMBELO,A glass used in subliming camphor. [Spelled also bombolo andbumbolo.]
BUMBLE,The bittern. [Local, Eng.]
BUMBLEBEE,A large bee of the genus Bombus, sometimes called humblebee; --so named
from its sound.
BUMBLEPUPPY,The old game of nineholes.
BUMBOAT,A clumsy boat, used for conveying provisions, fruit, etc., forsale, to
vessels lying in port or off shore.
BUMKIN,A projecting beam or boom; as: (a) One projecting from each bowof a vessel,
to haul the fore tack to, called a tack bumpkin. (b) Onrfrom each quarter, for the
main-brace blocks, and called bracebumpkin. (c) A small outrigger over the stern of
a boat, to extendthe mizzen. [Written also boomkin.]
BUMMALO,A small marine Asiatic fish (Saurus ophidon) used in India as arelish; --
called also Bombay duck.
BUMMER,An idle, worthless fellow, who is without any visible means ofsupport; a
dissipated sponger. [Slang, U.S.]
BUMMERY,See Bottomery. [Obs.]There was a scivener of Wapping brought to hearing for
relief againsta bummery bond. R. North.
BUMP,To strike, as with or against anything large or solid; tothump; as, to bump
the head against a wall.
BUMPKIN,An awkward, heavy country fellow; a clown; a country lout."Bashful country
bumpkins." W. Irving.
BUMPTIOUS,Self-conceited; forward; pushing. [Colloq.] Halliwell.
BUMPTIOUSNESS,Conceitedness. [Colloq.]
BUNCH GRASS,A grass growing in bunches and affording pasture. InCalifornia, Atropis
tenuifolia, Festuca scabrella, and several kindsof Stipa are favorite bunch
grasses. In Utah, Eriocoma cuspidata is agood bunch grass.
BUNCH,A small isolated mass of ore, as distinguished from acontinuous vein. Page.
BUNCH-BACKED,Having a bunch on the back; crooked. "Bunch-backed toad." Shak.
BUNCHBERRY,The dwarf cornel (Cornus Canadensis), which bears a densecluster of
bright red, edible berries.
BUNCHINESS,The quality or condition of being bunchy; knobbiness.
BUNCHY,Yielding irregularly; sometimes rich, sometimes poor; as, abunchy mine.
Page.
BUND,League; confederacy; esp. the confederation of German states.
BUNDER,A boat or raft used in the East Indies in the landing ofpassengers and
goods.
BUNDES-VERSAMMLUNG,See Legislature, Switzerland.
BUNDESRATH,The federal council of the German Empire. In the Bundesrath andthe
Reichstag are vested the legislative functions. The federalcouncil of Switzerland
is also so called.
BUNDLE,A number of things bound together, as by a cord or envelope,into a mass or
package convenient for handling or conveyance; a loosepackage; a roll; as, a bundle
of straw or of paper; a bundle of oldclothes.The fable of the rods, which, when
united in a bundle, no strengthcould bend. Goldsmith.Bundle pillar (Arch.), a
column or pier, with others of smalldimensions attached to it. Weale.
BUNDOBUST,System; discipline. [India]
BUNG,To stop, as the orifice in the bilge of a cask, with a bung; toclose; -- with
up. To bung up, to use up, as by bruising or overexertion; to exhaust or
incapacitate for action. [Low]He had bunged up his mouth that he should not have
spoken these threeyears. Shelton (Trans. Don Quixote).
BUNGALOW,A thatched or tiled house or cottage, of a single story,usually surrounded
by a veranda. [India]
BUNGARUM,A venomous snake of India, of the genus Bungarus, allied to thecobras, but
without a hood.
BUNGHOLE,See Bung, n., 2. Shak.
BUNGLE,To act or work in a clumsy, awkward manner.
BUNGLER,A clumsy, awkward workman; one who bungles.If to be a dunce or a bungler in
any profession be shameful, how muchmore ignominious and infamous to a scholar to
be such! Barrow.
BUNGLING,Unskillful; awkward; clumsy; as, a bungling workman. Swift.They make but
bungling work. Dryden.
BUNGLINGLY,Clumsily; awkwardly.
BUNGO,A kind of canoe used in Central and South America; also, a kindof boat used
in the Southern United States. Bartlett.
BUNION,Same as Bunyon.
BUNK,To go to bed in a bunk; -- sometimes with in. [Colloq. U.S.]Bartlett.
BUNKO,A kind of swindling game or scheme, by means of cards or by asham lottery.
[Written also bunco.] Bunko steerer, a person employedas a decoy in bunko. [Slang,
U.S.]
BUNKUM,See Buncombe.
BUNN,See Bun.
BUNNIAN,See Bunyon.
BUNNY,A great collection of ore without any vein coming into it orgoing out from
it.
BUNSEN CELL,A zinc-carbon cell in which the zinc (amalgamated) issurrounded by
dilute sulphuric acid, and the carbon by nitric acid ora chromic acid mixture, the
two plates being separated by a porouscup.
BUNT,A fungus (Ustilago foetida) which affects the ear of cereals,filling the
grains with a fetid dust; -- also called pepperbrand.
BUNTER,A woman who picks up rags in the streets; hence, a low, vulgarwoman.
[Cant]Her . . . daughters, like bunters in stuff gowns. Goldsmith.
BUNTING,A bird of the genus Emberiza, or of an allied genus, related tothe finches
and sparrows (family Fringillidæ).
BUNTLINE,One of the ropes toggled to the footrope of a sail, used tohaul up to the
yard the body of the sail when taking it in. Totten.
BUOY,A float; esp. a floating object moored to the bottom, to mark achannel or to
point out the position of something beneath the water,as an anchor, shoal, rock,
etc. Anchor buoy, a buoy attached to, ormarking the position of, an anchor.-- Bell
buoy, a large buoy on which a bell is mounted, to be rung bythe motion of the
waves.-- Breeches buoy. See under Breeches.-- Cable buoy, an empty cask employed to
buoy up the cable in rockyanchorage.-- Can buoy, a hollow buoy made of sheet or
boiler iron, usuallyconical or pear-shaped.-- Life buoy, a float intended to
support persons who have falleninto the water, until a boat can be dispatched to
save them.-- Nut or Nun buoy, a buoy large in the middle, and tapering nearlyto a
point at each end.-- To stream the buoy, to let the anchor buoy fall by the
ship'sside into the water, before letting go the anchor.-- Whistling buoy, a buoy
fitted with a whistle that is blown by theaction of the waves.
BUOYAGE,Buoys, taken collectively; a series of buoys, as for theguidance of vessels
into or out of port; the providing of buoys.
BUOYANCE,Buoyancy. [R.]
BUOYANCY,The upward pressure exerted upon a floating body by a fluid,which is equal
to the weight of the body; hence, also, the weight ofa floating body, as measured
by the volume of fluid displaced.Such are buoyancies or displacements of the
different classes of hermajesty's ships. Eng. Cyc.
BUPRESTIDAN,One of a tribe of beetles, of the genus Buprestis and alliedgenera,
usually with brilliant metallic colors. The larvæ are usuallybores in timber, or
beneath bark, and are often very destructive totrees.
BUR FISH,A spinose, plectognath fish of the Allantic coast of the UnitedStates
(esp. Chilo mycterus geometricus) having the power ofdistending its body with water
or air, so as to resemble a chestnutbur; -- called also ball fish, balloon fish,
and swellfish.
BUR MARIGOLD,See Beggar's ticks.
BURBOLT,A birdbolt. [Obs.] Ford.
BURBOT,A fresh-water fish of the genus Lota, having on the nose twovery small
barbels, and a larger one on the chin. [Written alsoburbolt.]
BURDELAIS,A sort of grape. Jonson.
BURDEN,The tops or heads of stream-work which lie over the stream oftin.
BURDENER,One who loads; a oppressor.
BURDENOUS,Burdensome. [Obs.] "Burdenous taxations." Shak.
BURDENSOME,Grievous to be borne; causing uneasiness or fatigue;oppressive.The debt
immense of endless gratitude So burdensome. Milton.
BURDOCK,A genus of coarse biennial herbs (Lappa), bearing small burswhich adhere
tenaciously to clothes, or to the fur or wool ofanimals.
BURDON,A pilgrim's staff. [Written also burden.] Rom. of R.
BUREAUCRAT,An official of a bureau; esp. an official confirmed in a narrowand
arbitrary routine. C. Kingsley.
BUREAUCRATIST,An advocate for , or supporter of, bureaucracy.
BUREL,Same as Borrel.
BURETTE,An apparatus for delivering measured quantities of liquid orfor measuring
the quantity of liquid or gas received or discharged.It consists essentially of a
graduated glass tube, usually furnishedwith a small aperture and stopcock.
BURGAGE,A tenure by which houses or lands are held of the king or otherlord of a
borough or city; at a certain yearly rent, or by servicesrelating to trade or
handicraft. Burrill.
BURGALL,A small marine fish; -- also called cunner.
BURGAMOT,See Bergamot.
BURGANET,See Burgonet.
BURGEE,A swallow-tailed flag; a distinguishing pen
BURGEOIS,See 1st Bourgeous.
BURGEON,To bud. See Bourgeon.
BURGESS-SHIP,The state of privilege of a burgess. South.
BURGGRAVE,Originally, one appointed to the command of a burg (fortress orcastle);
but the title afterward became hereditary, with a domainattached.
BURGH,A borough or incorporated town, especially, one in Scotland.See Borough.
BURGHAL,Belonging of a burgh.
BURGHBOTE,A contribution toward the building or repairing of castles orwalls for
the defense of a city or town.
BURGHBRECH,The offense of violating the pledge given by every inhabitantof a
tithing to keep the peace; breach of the peace. Burrill.
BURGHER,A member of that party, among the Scotch seceders, whichasserted the
lawfulness of the burgess oath (in which burgessesprofess "the true religion
professed within the realm"), the oppositeparty being called antiburghers.
BURGHERMASTER,See Burgomaster.
BURGHERSHIP,The state or privileges of a burgher.
BURGHMASTER,An officer who directs and lays out the meres or boundaries forthe
workmen; -- called also bailiff, and barmaster. [Eng.]
BURGHMOTE,A court or meeting of a burgh or borough; a borough court heldthree times
yearly.
BURGLAR,One guilty of the crime of burglary. Burglar alarm, a devicefor giving
alarm if a door or window is opened from without.
BURGLARER,A burglar. [Obs.]
BURGLARIOUS,Pertaining to burglary; constituting the crime of burglary.To come down
a chimney is held a burglarious entry. Blackstone.
BURGLARIOUSLY,With an intent to commit burglary; in the manner of a
burglar.Blackstone.
BURGLARY,Breaking and entering the dwelling house of another, in thenighttime, with
intent to commit a felony therein, whether thefelonious purpose be accomplished or
not. Wharton. Burrill.
BURGOMASTER,An aquatic bird, the glaucous gull (Larus glaucus), common inarctic
regions.
BURGONET,A kind of helmet. [Written also burganet.] Shak.
BURGOO,A kind of oatmeal pudding, or thick gruel, used by seamen.[Written also
burgout.]
BURGRASS,Grass of the genus Cenchrus, growing in sand, and having bursfor fruit.
BURGRAVE,See Burggrave.
BURH,See Burg. [Obs.]
BURIER,One who, or that which, buries.Till the buriers have buried it. Ezek. xxxix.
15.And darkness be the burier of the dead. Shak.
BURINIST,One who works with the burin. For. Quart. Rev.
BURION,The red-breasted house sparrow of California (Carpodacusfrontalis); --
called also crimson-fronted bullfinch. [Written alsoburrion.]
BURKISM,The practice of killing persons for the purpose of sellingtheir bodies for
dissection.
BURL,To dress or finish up (cloth); to pick knots, burs, loosethreads, etc., from,
as in finishing cloth. Burling iron, a peculiarkind of nippers or tweezers used in
burling woolen cloth.
BURLAP,A coarse fabric, made of jute or hemp, used for bagging; also,a finer
variety of similar material, used for curtains, etc. [Writtenalso burlaps.]
BURLER,One who burls or dresses cloth.
BURLESQUE,Tending to excite laughter or contempt by extravagant images,or by a
contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it,as when a trifling
subject is treated with mock gravity; jocular;ironical.It is a dispute among the
critics, whether burlesque poetry runs bestin heroic verse, like that of the
Dispensary, or in doggerel, likethat of Hudibras. Addison.
BURLESQUER,One who burlesques.
BURLETTA,A comic operetta; a music farce. Byron.
BURLINESS,Quality of being burly.
BURMAN,A member of the Burman family, one of the four great familiesBurmah; also,
sometimes, any inhabitant of Burmah; a Burmese.-- a.
BURMESE,Of or pertaining to Burmah, or its inhabitants.-- n. sing. & pl.
BURN,To apply a cautery to; to cauterize.
BURNABLE,Combustible. Cotgrave.
BURNED,See Burnt.
BURNET,A genus of perennial herbs (Poterium); especially,P.Sanguisorba, the common,
or garden, burnet. Burnet moth (Zoöl.), inEngland, a handsome moth (Zygæna
filipendula), with crimson spots onthe wings.-- Burnet saxifrage. (Bot.) See
Saxifrage.-- Canadian burnet, a marsh plant (Poterium Canadensis).-- Great burnet,
Wild burnet, Poterium (or Sanguisorba) oficinalis.
BURNETTIZE,To subject (wood, fabrics, etc.) to a process of saturation ina solution
of chloride of zinc, to prevent decay; -- a processinvented by Sir William Burnett.
BURNIE,A small brook. [Scot.] Burns.
BURNIEBEE,The ladybird. [Prov. Eng.]
BURNING,The act of consuming by fire or heat, or of subjecting to theeffect of fire
or heat; the state of being on fire or excessivelyheated. Burning fluid, any
volatile illuminating oil, as the lighterpetroleums (naphtha, benzine), or oil of
turpentine (camphine), butesp. a mixture of the latter with alcohol.-- Burning
glass, a conxex lens of considerable size, used forproducing an intense heat by
converging the sun's rays to a focus.-- Burning house (Metal.), the furnace in
which tin ores arecalcined, to sublime the sulphur and arsenic from the pyrites.
Weale.-- Burning mirror, a concave mirror, or a combination of planemirrors, used
for the same purpose as a burning glass.
BURNISH,To cause to shine; to make smooth and bright; to polish;specifically, to
polish by rubbing with something hard and smooth;as, to burnish brass or paper.The
frame of burnished steel, that east a glare From far, and seemedto thaw the
freezing air. Dryden.Now the village windows blaze, Burnished by the setting
sun.Cunningham.Burnishing machine, a machine for smoothing and polishing
bycompression, as in making paper collars.
BURNSTICKLE,A stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
BURNT,Consumed with, or as with, fire; scorched or dried, as withfire or heat;
baked or hardened in the fire or the sun. Burnt ear, ablack, powdery fungus which
destroys grain. See Smut.-- Burnt offering, something offered and burnt on an
altar, as anatonement for sin; a sacrifice. The offerings of the Jews were aclean
animal, as an ox, a calf, a goat, or a sheep; or some vegetablesubstance, as bread,
or ears of wheat or barley. Called also burntsacrifice. [2 Sam. xxiv. 22.]
BURR MILLSTONE,See Buhrstone.
BURR,A guttural pronounciation of the letter r, produced by trillingthe extremity
of the soft palate against the back part of the tongue;rotacism; -- often called
the Newcastle, Northumberland, orTweedside, burr.
BURREL FLY,The botfly or gadfly of cattle (Hypoderma bovis). See Gadfly.
BURREL SHOT,A mixture of shot, nails, stones, pieces of old iron, etc.,fired from a
cannon at short range, in an emergency. [R.]
BURREL,A sort of pear, called also the red butter pear, from itssmooth, delicious,
soft pulp.
BURRING MACHINE,A machine for cleansing wool of burs, seeds, and othersubstances.
BURRO,A donkey. [Southern U.S.]
BURROCK,A small weir or dam in a river to direct the stream to gapswhere fish traps
are placed. Knight.
BURROW,A heap or heaps of rubbish or refuse.
BURROWER,One who, or that which, burrows; an animal that makes a holeunder ground
and lives in it.
BURRSTONE,See Buhrstone.
BURRY,Abounding in burs, or containing burs; resembling burs; as,burry wool.
BURSA,Any sac or saclike cavity; especially, one of the synovialsacs, or small
spaces, often lined with synovial membrane, interposedbetween tendons and bony
prominences.
BURSAL,Of or pertaining to a bursa or to bursæ.
BURSARSHIP,The office of a bursar.
BURSCH,A youth; especially, a student in a german university.
BURSCHENSCHAFT,In Germany, any of various associations of university studentsformed
(the original one at Jena in 1815) to support liberal ideas,or the organization
formed by the affiliation of the local bodies.The organization was suppressed by
the government in 1819, but wassecretly revived, and is now openly maintained as a
socialorganization, the restrictive laws having been repealed prior to1849. --
Bur"schen*schaft`ler (#), -schaf`ter (#), n.
BURSE,An ornamental case of hold the corporal when not in use.Shipley.
BURSICULATE,Bursiform.
BURSIFORM,Shaped like a purse.
BURSITIS,Inflammation of a bursa.
BURSTEN,p. p. of Burst, v. i. [Obs.]
BURSTER,One that bursts.
BURSTWORT,A plant (Herniaria glabra) supposed to be valuable for the cureof hernia
or rupture.
BURT,See Birt. [Prov. Eng.]
BURTHEN,See Burden. [Archaic]
BURTON,A peculiar tackle, formed of two or more blocks, or pulleys,the weight being
suspended of a hook block in the bight of therunning part.
BURY,The ground or place for burying the dead; burial place.
BUS,An omnibus. [Colloq.]
BUSBY,A military headdress or cap, used in the British army. It is offur, with a
bag, of the same color as the facings of the regiment,hanging from the top over the
right shoulder.
BUSCON,One who searches for ores; a prospector. [U.S.]
BUSH,The tail, or brush, of a fox. To beat about the bush, toapproach anything in a
round-about manner, instead of coming directlyto it; -- a metaphor taken from
hunting.-- Bush bean (Bot.), a variety of bean which is low and requires nosupport
(Phaseolus vulgaris, variety nanus). See Bean, 1.-- Bush buck, or Bush goat
(Zoöl.), a beautiful South Africanantelope (Tragelaphus sylvaticus); -- so called
because found mainlyin wooden localities. The name is also applied to other
species.-- Bush cat (Zoöl.), the serval. See Serval.-- Bush chat (Zoöl.), a bird of
the genus Pratincola, of the Thrushfamily.-- Bush dog. (Zoöl.) See Potto.-- Bush
hammer. See Bushhammer in the Vocabulary.-- Bush harrow (Agric.) See under
Harrow.-- Bush hog (Zoöl.), a South African wild hog (PotamochoerusAfricanus); --
called also bush pig, and water hog.-- Bush master (Zoöl.), a venomous snake
(Lachesis mutus) of Guinea;-- called also surucucu.-- Bush pea (Bot.), a variety of
pea that needs to be bushed.-- Bush shrike (Zoöl.), a bird of the genus
Thamnophilus, and alliedgenera; -- called also batarg. Many species inhabit
tropical America.-- Bush tit (Zoöl.), a small bird of the genus Psaltriparus,
alliedto the titmouse. P. minimus inhabits California.
BUSHBOY,See Bushman.
BUSHELAGE,A duty payable on commodities by the bushel. [Eng.]
BUSHELMAN,A tailor's assistant for repairing garments; -- called alsobusheler.
[Local, U.S.]
BUSHET,A small bush.
BUSHFIGHTER,One accustomed to bushfighting. Parkman.
BUSHFIGHTING,Fighting in the bush, or from behind bushes, trees, orthickets.
BUSHHAMMER,A hammer with a head formed of a bundle of square bars, withpyramidal
points, arranged in rows, or a solid head with a face cutinto a number of rows of
such points; -- used for dressing stone.
BUSHIDO,The unwritten code of moral principles regulating the actionsof the
Japanese knighthood, or Samurai; the chivalry of Japan.
BUSHINESS,The condition or quality of being bushy.
BUSHING,A bush or lining; -- sometimes called . See 4th Bush.
BUSHLESS,Free from bushes; bare.O'er the long backs of the bushless downs.
Tennyson.
BUSHMAN,One of a race of South African nomads, living principally inthe deserts,
and not classified as allied in race or language to anyother people.
BUSHRANGER,One who roams, or hides, among the bushes; especially, inAustralia, an
escaped criminal living in the bush.
BUSILY,In a busy manner.
BUSINESS,The position, distribution, and order of persons and propertieson the
stage of a theater, as determined by the stage manager inrehearsal.
BUSINESSLIKE,In the manner of one transacting business wisely and by rightmethods.
BUSK,A thin, elastic strip of metal, whalebone, wood, or othermaterial, worn in the
front of a corset.Her long slit sleeves, stiff busk, puff verdingall, Is all that
makesher thus angelical. Marston.
BUSKED,Wearing a busk. Pollok.
BUSKY,See Bosky, and 1st Bush, n. Shak.
BUSS,A kiss; a rude or playful kiss; a smack. Shak.
BUSTARD,A bird of the genus Otis.
BUSTER,Something huge; a roistering blade; also, a spree. [Slang,U.S.] Bartlett.
BUSTLE,To move noisily; to be rudely active; to move in a way to causeagitation or
disturbance; as, to bustle through a crowd.And leave the world for me to bustle in.
Shak.
BUSTLER,An active, stirring person.
BUSTLING,Agitated; noisy; tumultuous; characterized by confusedactivity; as, a
bustling crowd. "A bustling wharf." Hawthorne.
BUSTO,A bust; a statue.With some antick bustoes in the niches. Ashmole.
BUSY,To make or keep busy; to employ; to engage or keep engaged; tooccupy; as, to
busy one's self with books.Be it thy course to busy giddy minds With foreign
quarrels. Shak.
BUSYBODY,One who officiously concerns himself with the affairs ofothers; a meddling
person.And not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking thingswhich
they ought not. 1 Tim. v. 13.
BUT,The outer apartment or kitchen of a two-roomed house; --opposed to ben, the
inner room. [Scot.]
BUT-THORN,The common European starfish (Asterias rubens).
BUTANE,An inflammable gaseous hydrocarbon, C4H10, of the marsh gas, orparaffin,
series.
BUTCHERLINESS,Butchery quality.
BUTCHERLY,Like a butcher; without compunction; savage; bloody; inhuman;fell. "The
victim of a butcherly murder." D. Webster.What stratagems, how fell, how butcherly,
This deadly quarrel dailydoth beget! Shak.
BUTLER,An officer in a king's or a nobleman's household, whoseprincipal business it
is to take charge of the liquors, plate, etc.;the head servant in a large house.The
butler and the baker of the king of Egypt. Gen. xl. 5.Your wine locked up, your
butler strolled abroad. Pope.
BUTLERAGE,A duty of two shillings on every tun of wine imported intoEngland by
merchant strangers; -- so called because paid to theking's butler for the king.
Blackstone.
BUTLERSHIP,The office of a butler.
BUTMENT,A buttress of an arch; the supporter, or that part which joinsit to the
upright pier.
BUTT HINGE,See 1st Butt, 10.
BUTT JOINT,A joint in which the edges or ends of the pieces united comesquarely
together instead of overlapping. See 1st Butt, 8.
BUTT SHAFT,An arrow without a barb, for shooting at butts; an arrow. [Alsobut
shaft.] Shak.
BUTT WELD,See Butt weld, under Butt.
BUTT,To strike by thrusting the head against; to strike with thehead.Two harmless
lambs are butting one the other. Sir H. Wotton.
BUTTE,A detached low mountain, or high rising abruptly from thegeneral level of the
surrounding plain; -- applied to peculiarelevations in the Rocky Mountain
region.The creek . . . passes by two remarkable buttes of red conglomerate.Ruxton.
BUTTER,One who, or that which, butts.
BUTTER-FINGERED,Apt to let things fall, or to let them slip away;
slippery;careless.
BUTTER-SCOTCH,A kind of candy, mainly composed of sugar and butter.
[Colloq.]Dickens.
BUTTERBALL,The buffel duck.
BUTTERBIRD,The rice bunting or bobolink; -- so called in the island ofJamaica.
BUTTERBUMP,The European bittern. Johnson.
BUTTERBUR,A broad-leaved plant (Petasites vulgaris) of the Compositefamily, said to
have been used in England for wrapping up pats ofbutter.
BUTTERCUP,A plant of the genus Ranunculus, or crowfoot, particularly R.bulbosus,
with bright yellow flowers; -- called also butterflower,golden cup, and kingcup. It
is the cuckoobud of Shakespeare.
BUTTERFISH,A name given to several different fishes, in allusion to theirslippery
coating of mucus, as the Stromateus triacanthus of theAtlantic coast, the
Epinephelus punctatus of the southern coast, therock eel, and the kelpfish of New
Zealand.
BUTTERFLY,A general name for the numerous species of diurnal Lepidoptera.
BUTTERINE,A substance prepared from animal fat with some otheringredients
intermixed, as an imitation of butter.The manufacturers ship large quantities of
oleomargarine to England,Holland, and other countries, to be manufactured into
butter, whichis sold as butterine or suine. Johnson's Cyc.
BUTTERIS,A steel cutting instrument, with a long bent shank set in ahandle which
rests against the shoulder of the operator. It isoperated by a thrust movement, and
used in paring the hoofs ofhorses.
BUTTERMAN,A man who makes or sells butter.
BUTTERMILK,The milk that remains after the butter is separated from thecream.
BUTTERNUT,An American tree (Juglans cinerea) of the Walnut family, andits edible
fruit; -- so called from the oil contained in the latter.Sometimes called oil nut
and white walnut.
BUTTERWEED,An annual composite plant of the Mississippi valley (Seneciolobatus).
BUTTERWEIGHT,Over weight. Swift.
BUTTERWORT,A genus of low herbs (Pinguicula) having simple leaves whichsecrete from
their glandular upper surface a viscid fluid, to whichinsects adhere, after which
the margin infolds and the insects aredigested by the plant. The species are found
mostly in the NorthTemperate zone.
BUTTERY,Having the qualities, consistence, or appearance, of butter.
BUTTING JOINT,A joint between two pieces of timber or wood, at the end of oneor
both, and either at right angles or oblique to the grain, as thejoints which the
struts and braces form with the truss posts; --sometimes called abutting joint.
BUTTING,An abuttal; a boundary.Without buttings or boundings on any side. Bp.
Beveridge.
BUTTOCK,The convexity of a ship behind, under the stern. Mar. Dict.
BUTTON,To be fastened by a button or buttons; as, the coat will notbutton.
BUTTONBALL,See Buttonwood.
BUTTONBUSH,A shrub (Cephalanthus occidentalis) growing by the waterside; -- so
called from its globular head of flowers. See Capitulum.
BUTTONHOLE,The hole or loop in which a button is caught.
BUTTONMOLD,A disk of bone, wood, or other material, which is made into abutton by
covering it with cloth. [Written also buttonmould.] Fossilbuttonmolds, joints of
encrinites. See Encrinite.
BUTTONS,A boy servant, or page, -- in allusion to the buttons on hislivry.
[Colloq.] Dickens.
BUTTONWEED,The name of several plants of the genera Spermacoce and Diodia,of the
Madder family.
BUTTONWOOD,The Platanus occidentalis, or American plane tree, a largetree,
producing rough balls, from which it is named; -- called alsobuttonball tree, and,
in some parts of the United States, sycamore.The California buttonwood is P.
racemosa.
BUTTONY,Ornamented with a large number of buttons. "The buttony boy."Thackeray. "My
coat so blue and buttony." W. S. Gilbert.
BUTTRESS,A projecting mass of masonry, used for resisting the thrust ofan arch, or
for ornament and symmetry.
BUTTWELD,To unite by a butt weld.
BUTTY,One who mines by contract, at so much per ton of coal or ore.
BUTYL,A compound radical, regarded as butane, less one atom ofhydrogen.
BUTYLAMINE,A colorless liquid base, C4H9NH2, of which there are fourisomeric
varieties.
BUTYLENE,Any one of three metameric hydrocarbons, C4H8, of the ethyleneseries. They
are gaseous or easily liquefiable.
BUTYRACEOUS,Having the qualities of butter; resembling butter.
BUTYRATE,A salt of butyric acid.
BUTYRIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, butter. Butyric acid,C3H7.CO2H, an acid
found in butter; an oily, limpid fluid, having thesmell of rancid butter, and an
acrid taste, with a sweetishaftertaste, like that of ether. There are two metameric
butyricacids, called in distinction the normal- and iso-butyric acid. Thenormal
butyric acid is the one common in rancid butter.
BUTYRIN,A butyrate of glycerin; a fat contained in small quantity inmilk, which
helps to give to butter its peculiar flavor.
BUTYROMETER,An instrument for determining the amount of fatty matter orbutter
contained in a sample of milk.
BUTYRONE,A liquid ketone obtained by heating calcium butyrate.
BUTYROUS,Butyraceous.
BUTYRYL,The radical (C4H7O) of butyric acid.
BUXEOUS,Belonging to the box tree.
BUXINE,An alkaloid obtained from the Buxus sempervirens, or common boxtree. It is
identical with bebeerine; -- called also buxina.
BUY,To negotiate or treat about a purchase.I will buy with you, sell with you.
Shak.
BUYER,One who buys; a purchaser.
BUZ,See Buzz. [Obs.]
BUZZ,To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like thatmade by bees
with their wings. Hence: To utter a murmuring sound; tospeak with a low, humming
voice.Like a wasp is buzzed, and stung him. Longfellow.However these disturbers of
our peace Buzz in the people's ears.Shak.
BUZZARD,A bird of prey of the Hawk family, belonging to the genus Buteoand related
genera.
BUZZARDET,A hawk resembling the buzzard, but with legs relatively longer.
BUZZER,One who, or that which, buzzes; a whisperer; a talebearer.And wants not
buzzers to infect his ear With pestilent speeches ofhis father's death. Shak.
BUZZINGLY,In a buzzing manner; with a buzzing sound.
BUZZSAW,A circular saw; -- so called from the buzzing it makes whenrunning at full
speed.
BY,Out of the common path; aside; -- used in composition, givingthe meaning of
something aside, secondary, or incidental, orcollateral matter, a thing private or
avoiding notice; as, by-line,by-place, by-play, by-street. It was formerly more
freely used incomposition than it is now; as, by-business, by-concernment, by-
design, by-interest, etc.
BY-BIDDER,One who bids at an auction in behalf of the auctioneer orowner, for the
purpose of running up the price of articles. [U.S.]
BY-CORNER,A private corner.Britain being a by-corner, out of the road of the world.
Fuller.
BY-DEPENDENCE,An appendage; that which depends on something else, or isdistinct
from the main dependence; an accessory. Shak.
BY-DRINKING,A drinking between meals. [Obs.]
BY-ELECTION,An election held by itself, not at the time of a generalelection.
BY-END,Private end or interest; secret purpose; selfish advantage.[Written also
bye-end.]"Profit or some other by-end." L'Estrange.
BY-INTEREST,Self-interest; private advantage. Atterbury.
BY-LANE,A private lane, or one opening out of the usual road.
BY-NAME,A nickname. Camden.
BY-PASS,A by-passage, for a pipe, or other channel, to divertcirculation from the
usual course.
BY-PASSAGE,A passage different from the usual one; a byway.
BY-PAST,Past; gone by. "By-past perils." Shak.
BY-PLACE,A retired or private place.
BY-PRODUCT,A secondary or additional product; something produced, as inthe course
of a manufacture, in addition to the principal product.
BY-RESPECT,Private end or view; by-interest. [Obs.] Dryden.
BY-ROOM,A private room or apartment. "Stand in some by-room" Shak.
BY-SPEECH,An incidental or casual speech, not directly relating to thepoint. "To
quote by-speeches." Hooker.
BY-SPELL,A proverb. [Obs.]
BY-STREET,A separate, private, or obscure street; an out of the way orcross
street.He seeks by-streets, and saves the expensive coach. Gay.
BY-STROKE,An accidental or a slyly given stroke.
BY-TURNING,An obscure road; a way turning from the main road. Sir P.Sidney.
BY-VIEW,A private or selfish view; self-interested aim or purpose.No by-views of
his own shall mislead him. Atterbury.
BY-WALK,secluded or private walk.He moves afterward in by-walks. Dryden.
BY-WASH,The outlet from a dam or reservoir; also, a cut to divert theflow of water.
BY-WIPE,A secret or side stroke, as of raillery or sarcasm. Milton.
BYARD,A piece of leather crossing the breast, used by the men whodrag sledges in
coal mines.
BYE,A run made upon a missed ball; as, to steal a bye. T. Hughes.By the bye, in
passing; by way of digression; apropos to the matterin hand. [Written also by the
by.]
BYGONE,Past; gone by. "Bygone fooleries." Shak
BYLAND,A peninsula. [Obs.]
BYLANDER,See Bilander.[Obs.]
BYNAME,To give a nickname to. Camden.
BYPATH,A private path; an obscure way; indirect means.God known, my son, By what
bypaths, and indirect crooked ways, I metthis crown. Shak.
BYPLAY,Action carried on aside, and commonly in dumb show, while themain action
proceeds.
BYRE,A cow house. [N. of Eng.& Scot.]
BYROAD,A private or obscure road. "Through slippery byroads" Swift.
BYRONIC,Pertaining to, or in the style of, Lord Byron.With despair and Byronic
misanthropy. Thackeray
BYSMOTTERED,Bespotted with mud or dirt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BYSS,See Byssus, n., 1.
BYSSACEOUS,Byssuslike; consisting of fine fibers or threads, as some verydelicate
filamentous algæ.
BYSSIFEROUS,Bearing a byssus or tuft.
BYSSIN,See Byssus, n., 1.
BYSSINE,Made of silk; having a silky or flaxlike appearance. Coles.
BYSSOID,Byssaceous.
BYSSOLITE,An olive-green fibrous variety of hornblende.
BYSSUS,A tuft of long, tough filaments which are formed in a groove ofthe foot, and
issue from between the valves of certain bivalvemollusks, as the Pinna and Mytilus,
by which they attach themselvesto rocks, etc.
BYSTANDER,One who stands near; a spectator; one who has no concern withthe business
transacting.He addressed the bystanders and scattered pamphlets among them.Palfrey.
BYWAY,A secluded, private, or obscure way; a path or road aside fromthe main one. "
Take no byways." Herbert.
BYWORK,Work aside from regular work; subordinate or secondarybusiness.
BYZANTIAN,See Byzantine.
BYZANTINE,Of or pertaining to Byzantium.-- n.
C,(a) The keynote of the normal or "natural" scale, which hasneither flats nor
sharps in its signature; also, the third note ofthe relative minor scale of the
same (b) C after the clef is the markof common time, in which each measure is a
semibreve (four fourths orcrotchets); for alla breve time it is written (c) The "C
clef," amodification of the letter C, placed on any line of the staff, abowsthat
line to be middle C.
CA IRA,The refrain of a famous song of the French Revolution.
CAABA,The small and nearly cubical stone building, toward which allMohammedans must
pray. [Written also kaaba.]
CAADA,A small cañon; a narrow valley or glen; also, but lessfrequently, an open
valley. [Local, Western U. S.]
CAAS,Case. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CAATINGA,A forest composed of stunted trees and thorny bushes, found inareas of
small rainfall in Brazil.
CAB,A Hebrew dry measure, containing a little over two (2.37)pints. W. H. Ward. 2
Kings vi. 25.
CABAL,To unite in a small party to promote private views andinterests by intrigue;
to intrigue; to plot.Caballing still against it with the great. Dryden.
CABALIST,One versed in the cabala, or the mysteries of Jewishtraditions. "Studious
cabalists." Swift.
CABALISTICALLY,In a cabalistic manner.
CABALIZE,To use cabalistic language. [R] Dr. H. More.
CABALLER,One who cabals.A close caballer and tongue-valiant lord. Dryden.
CABALLERIA,An ancient Spanish land tenure similar to the English knight'sfee;
hence, in Spain and countries settled by the Spanish, a landmeasure of varying
size. In Cuba it is about 33 acres; in Porto Rico,about 194 acres; in the
Southwestern United States, about 108 acres.
CABALLERO,A knight or cavalier; hence, a gentleman.
CABALLINE,Of or pertaining to a horse.-- n.
CABALLO,A horse. [Sp. Amer.]
CABARET,A tavern; a house where liquors are retailed. [Obs. as anEnglish word.]
CABAS,A flat basket or frail for figs, etc.; Hence, a lady's flatworkbasket,
reticule, or hand bag; -- often written caba. C. Bronté.
CABASSOU,A speciec of armadillo of the genus Xenurus (X. unicinctus andX.
hispidus); the tatouay. [Written also Kabassou.]
CABBAGE,To form a head like that the cabbage; as, to make lettucecabbage. Johnson.
CABBLER,One who works at cabbling.
CABBLING,The process of breaking up the flat masses into which wroughtiron is first
hammered, in order that the pieces may be reheated andwrought into bar iron.
CABER,A pole or beam used in Scottish games for tossing as a trial ofstrength.
CABEZON,A California fish (Hemilepidotus spinosus), allied to thesculpin.
CABIAI,The capybara. See Capybara.
CABIN,To live in, or as in, a cabin; to lodge.I'll make you . . . cabin in a cave.
Shak.
CABINET,Suitable for a cabinet; small.He [Varnhagen von Ense] is a walking cabinet
edition of Goethe. For.Quar. Rev.
CABINETMAKER,One whose occupation is to make cabinets or other choicearticles of
household furniture, as tables, bedsteads, bureaus, etc.
CABINETMAKING,The art or occupation of making the finer articles of
householdfurniture.
CABINETWORK,The art or occupation of working upon wooden furniturerequiring nice
workmanship; also, such furniture.
CABIREAN,,n.One of the Cabiri.
CABIRI,Certain deities originally worshiped with mystical rites by thePelasgians in
Lemnos and Samothrace and afterwards throughout Greece;-- also called sons of
Hephæstus (or Vulcan), as being masters of theart of working metals. [Written also
Cabeiri.] Liddell & Scott.
CABIRIAN,Same as Cabiric.
CABIRIC,Of or pertaining to the Cabiri, or to their mystical worship.[Written also
Cabiritic.]
CABLE,A molding, shaft of a column, or any other member of convex,rounded section,
made to resemble the spiral twist of a rope; --called also cable molding. Bower
cable, the cable belonging to thebower anchor.-- Cable road, a railway on which the
cars are moved by acontinuously running endless rope operated by a stationary
motor.-- Cable's length, the length of a ship's cable. Cables in themerchant
service vary in length from 100 to 140 fathoms or more; butas a maritime measure, a
cable's length is either 120 fathoms (720feet), or about 100 fathoms (600 feet, an
approximation to one tenthof a nautical mile).-- Cable tier. (a) That part of a
vessel where the cables arestowed. (b) A coil of a cable.-- Sheet cable, the cable
belonging to the sheet anchor.-- Stream cable, a hawser or rope, smaller than the
bower cables, tomoor a ship in a place sheltered from wind and heavy seas.--
Submarine cable. See Telegraph.-- To pay out the cable, To veer out the cable, to
slacken it, thatit may run out of the ship; to let more cable run out of the
hawsehole.-- To serve the cable, to bind it round with ropes, canvas, etc.,
toprevent its being, worn or galled in the hawse, et.-- To slip the cable, to let
go the end on board and let it all runout and go overboard, as when there is not
time to weigh anchor.Hence, in sailor's use, to die.
CABLED,Adorned with cabling.
CABLEGRAM,A message sent by a submarine telegraphic cable.
CABLELAID,Composed of three three-stranded ropes, or hawsers, twistedtogether to
form a cable.
CABLET,A little cable less than ten inches in circumference.
CABLING,The decoration of a fluted shaft of a column or of a pilasterwith reeds, or
rounded moldings, which seem to be laid in the hollowsof the fluting. These are
limited in length to about one third of theheight of the shaft.
CABMAN,The driver of a cab.
CABOB,To roast, as a cabob. Sir. T. Herbert.
CABOCHED,Showing the full face, but nothing of the neck; -- said of thehead of a
beast in armorial bearing. [Written also caboshed.]
CABOCHON,A stone of convex form, highly polished, but not faceted; also,the style
of cutting itself. Such stones are said to be cut encabochon.
CABOODLE,The whole collection; the entire quantity or number; -- usuallyin the
phrase the whole caboodle. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
CABOOSE,A house on deck, where the cooking is done; -- commonly calledthe galley.
CABOTAGE,Navigation along the coast; the details of coast pilotage.
CABREE,The pronghorn antelope. [Also written cabrit, cabret.]
CABRERITE,An apple-green mineral, a hydrous arseniate of nickel, cobalt,and
magnesia; -- so named from the Sierra Cabrera, Spain.
CABRILLA,A name applied to various species of edible fishes of the genusSerranus,
and related genera, inhabiting the Meditarranean, the coastof California, etc. In
California, some of them are also called rockbass and kelp salmon.
CABRIOLE,A curvet; a leap. See Capriole.The cabrioles which his charger exhibited.
Sir W. Scott.
CABRIOLET,A one-horse carriage with two seats and a calash top.
CABRIT,Same as Cabrée.
CABURN,A small line made of spun yarn, to bind or worm cables, seizetackles, etc.
CACAINE,The essential principle of cacao; -- now called theobromine.
CACAJAO,A South American short-tailed monkey (Pithecia (or
Brachyurus)melanocephala). [Written also cacajo.]
CACAO,A small evergreen tree (Theobroma Cacao) of South America andthe West Indies.
Its fruit contains an edible pulp, inclosing seedsabout the size of an almond, from
which cocoa, chocolate, and bromaare prepared.
CACHALOT,The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus). It has in the top ofits head a
large cavity, containing an oily fluid, which, afterdeath, concretes into a whitish
crystalline substance calledspermaceti. See Sperm whale.
CACHE,A hole in the ground, or hiding place, for concealing andpreserving
provisions which it is inconvenient to carry. Kane.
CACHEPOT,An ornamental casing for a flowerpot, of porcelain, metal,paper, etc.
CACHET,A seal, as of a letter. Lettre de cachet Etym: [F.], a sealedletter,
especially a letter or missive emanating from the sovereign;-- much used in France
before the Revolution as an arbitrary order ofimprisonment.
CACHINNATION,Loud or immoderate laughter; -- often a symptom of hystericalor
maniacal affections.Hideous grimaces . . . attended this unusual cachinnation. Sir
W.Scott.
CACHINNATORY,Consisting of, or accompanied by, immoderate laughter.Cachinnatory
buzzes of approval. Carlyle.
CACHIRI,A fermented liquor made in Cayenne from the grated root of themanioc, and
resembling perry. Dunglison.
CACHOLONG,An opaque or milk-white chalcedony, a variety of quartz; also,a similar
variety of opal.
CACHOU,A silvered aromatic pill, used to correct the odor of thebreath.
CACHUCHA,An Andalusian dance in three-four time, resembing the bolero.[Sometimes in
English spelled cachuca (.]The orchestra plays the cachucha. Logfellow.
CACHUNDE,A pastil or troche, composed of various aromatic and otheringredients,
highly celebrated in India as an antidote, and as astomachic and antispasmodic.
CACIQUE,See Cazique.
CACK,To ease the body by stool; to go to stool. Pope.
CACKEREL,The mendole; a small worthless Mediterranean fish consideredpoisonous by
the ancients. See Mendole.
CACKLING,The broken noise of a goose or a hen.
CACODEMON,The nightmare. Dunaglison.
CACODOXICAL,Heretical.
CACODOXY,Erroneous doctrine; heresy; heterodoxy. [R.]Heterodoxy, or what Luther
calls cacodoxy. R. Turnbull.
CACODYL,Alkarsin; a colorless, poisonous, arsenical liquid, As2(CH3)4,spontaneously
inflammable and possessing an intensely disagreeableodor. It is the type of a
series of compounds analogous to thenitrogen compounds called hydrazines. [Written
also cacodyle, andkakodyl.]
CACODYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, cacodyl. Cacodylic acid, awhite,
crystalline, deliquescent substance, (CH3)2AsO.OH, obtained bythe oxidation of
cacodyl, and having the properties of an exceedinglystable acid; -- also called
alkargen.
CACOETHES,A bad quality or disposition in a disease; an incurable ulcer.
CACOGASTRIC,Troubled with bad digestion. [R.] Carlyle.
CACOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, cacography; badly writtenor
spelled.
CACOGRAPHY,Incorrect or bad writing or spelling. Walpole.
CACOLET,A chair, litter, or other contrivance fitted to the back orpack saddle of a
mule for carrying travelers in mountainousdistricts, or for the transportation of
the sick and wounded of anarmy.
CACOLOGY,Bad speaking; bad choice or use of words. Buchanan.
CACOON,One of the seeds or large beans of a tropical vine (Entadascandens) used for
making purses, scent bottles, etc.
CACOPHONY,An uncouth or disagreable sound of words, owing to theconcurrence of
harsh letters or syllables. "Cacophonies of allkinds." Pope.
CACOSTOMIA,Diseased or gangrenous condition of the mouth.
CACOTECHNY,A corruption or corrupt state of art. [R.]
CACTACEOUS,Belonging to, or like, the family of plants of which theprickly pear is
a common example.
CACTUS,Any plant of the order Cactacæ, as the prickly pear and thenight-blooming
cereus. See Cereus. They usually have leafless stemsand branches, often beset with
clustered thorns, and are mostlynatives of the warmer parts of America. Cactus wren
(Zoöl.), anAmerican wren of the genus Campylorhynchus, of several species.
CACUMINAL,Pertaining to the top of the palate; cerebral; -- applied tocertain
consonants; as, cacuminal (or cerebral) letters.
CACUMINATE,To make sharp or pointed. [Obs.]
CADASTRAL,Of or pertaining to landed property. Cadastral survey, orCadastral map, a
survey, map, or plan on a large scale (Usuallytopographical map, which exaggerates
the dimensions of houses and thebreadth of roads and streams, for the sake of
distinctness. Brande &C.
CADAVER,A dead human body; a corpse.
CADAVERIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a corpse, or the changesproduced by
death; cadaverous; as, cadaveric rigidity. Dunglison.Cadaveric alkaloid, an
alkaloid generated by the processes ofdecomposition in dead animal bodies, and
thought by some to be thecause of the poisonous effects produced by the bodies. See
Ptomaine.
CADBAIT,See Caddice.
CADDIS,A kind of worsted lace or ribbon. "Caddises, cambrics, lawns."Shak.
CADDISH,Like a cad; lowbred and presuming.
CADDOW,A jackdaw. [Prov. Eng.]
CADDY,A small box, can, or chest to keep tea in.
CADE,Bred by hand; domesticated; petted.He brought his cade lamb with him. Sheldon.
CADENCE,See Cadency.
CADENCY,Descent of related families; distinction between the members ofa family
according to their ages. Marks of cadency (Her.), bearingsindicating the position
of the bearer as older or younger son, or asa descendant of an older or younger
son. See Difference (Her.).
CADENE,A species of inferior carpet imported from the Levant.McElrath.
CADENT,Falling. [R.] "Cadent tears." Shak.
CADENZA,A parenthetic flourish or flight of ornament in the course of apiece,
commonly just before the final cadence.
CADER,See Cadre.
CADETSHIP,The position, rank, or commission of a cadet; as, to get acadetship.
CADGE,A circular frame on which cadgers carry hawks for sale.
CADGER,One who carries hawks on a cadge.
CADGY,Cheerful or mirthful, as after good eating or drinking; also,wanton. [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]
CADI,An inferior magistrate or judge among the Mohammedans, usuallythe judge of a
town or village.
CADILESKER,A chief judge in the Turkish empire, so named originallybecause his
jurisdiction extended to the cases of soldiers, who arenow tried only by their own
officers.
CADILLAC,A large pear, shaped like a flattened top, used chiefly forcooking.
Johnson.
CADIS,A kind of coarse serge.
CADMEAN,Of or pertaining to Cadmus, a fabulous prince of Thebes, whowas said to
have introduced into Greece the sixteen simple letters ofthe alphabet -- Cadmean
letters. Cadmean victory, a victory thatdamages the victors as much as the
vanquished; probably referring tothe battle in which the soldiers who sprang from
the dragon's teethsown by Cadmus slew each other.
CADMIA,An oxide of zinc which collects on the sides of furnaces wherezinc is
sublimed. Formerly applied to the mineral calamine.
CADMIAN,See Cadmean.
CADMIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cadmium; as, cadmicsulphide.
CADMIUM,A comparatively rare element related to zinc, and occurring insome zinc
ores. It is a white metal, both ductile and malleable.Symbol Cd. Atomic weight
111.8. It was discovered by Stromeyer in1817, who named it from its association
with zinc or zinc ore.Cadmium yellow, a compound of cadmium and sulphur, of an
intenseyellow color, used as a pigment.
CADRANS,An instrument with a graduated disk by means of which theangles of gems are
measured in the process of cutting and polishing.
CADRE,The framework or skeleton upon which a regiment is to beformed; the officers
of a regiment forming the staff. [Written alsocader.]
CADUCARY,Relating to escheat, forfeiture, or confiscation.
CADUCEAN,Of or belonging to Mercury's caduceus, or wand.
CADUCEUS,The official staff or wand of Hermes or Mercury, the messengerof the gods.
It was originally said to be a herald's staff of olivewood, but was afterwards
fabled to have two serpents coiled about it,and two wings at the top.
CADUCIBRANCHIATE,With temporary gills: -- applied to those Amphibia in which
thegills do not remain in adult life.
CADUCITY,Tendency to fall; the feebleness of old age; senility. [R.][A] jumble of
youth and caducity. Chesterfield.
CADUCOUS,Dropping off or disappearing early, as the calyx of a poppy, orthe gills
of a tadpole.
CADUKE,Perishable; frail; transitory. [Obs.] Hickes.The caduke pleasures of his
world. Bp. Fisher.
CADY,See Cadie.
CAECA,See Cæcum.
CAECIAS,A wind from the northeast. Milton.
CAECILIAN,A limbless amphibian belonging to the order Cæciliæ orOphimorpha. See
Ophiomorpha. [Written also coecilian.]
CAELATURA,Art of producing metal decorative work other than statuary, asreliefs,
intaglios, engraving, chasing, etc.
CAEN STONE,A cream-colored limestone for building, found near Caen,France.
CAENOZOIC,See Cenozoic.
CAESAR,A Roman emperor, as being the successor of Augustus Cæsar.Hence, a kaiser,
or emperor of Germany, or any emperor or powerfulruler. See Kaiser,
Kesar.Malborough anticipated the day when he would be servilely flatteredand
courted by Cæsar on one side and by Louis the Great on the other.Macaulay.
CAESARISM,A system of government in which unrestricted power is exercisedby a
single person, to whom, as Cæsar or emperor, it has beencommitted by the popular
will; imperialism; also, advocacy or supportof such a system of government.
CAESIOUS,Of the color of lavender; pale blue with a slight mixture ofgray. Lindley.
CAESIUM,A rare alkaline metal found in mineral water; -- so called fromthe two
characteristic blue lines in its spectrum. It was the firstelement discovered by
spectrum analysis, and is the most stronglybasic and electro-positive substance
known. Symbol Cs. Atomic weight132.6.
CAESPITOSE,Same as Cespitose.
CAESURA,A metrical break in a verse, occurring in the middle of a footand commonly
near the middle of the verse; a sense pause in themiddle of a foot. Also, a long
syllable on which the cæsural accentrests, or which is used as a foot.
CAESURAL,Of or pertaining to a cæsura. Cæsural pause, a pause made at acæsura.
CAFE,A coffeehouse; a restaurant; also, a room in a hotel orrestaurant where coffee
and liquors are served.
CAFETERIA,A restaurant or café at which the patrons serve themselves withfood kept
at a counter, taking the food to small tables to eat. [U.S.]
CAFFEIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, coffee. Caffeic acid, an acidobtained from
coffee tannin, as a yellow crystalline substance,C9H8O4.
CAFFEINE,A white, bitter, crystallizable substance, obtained fromcoffee. It is
identical with the alkaloid theine from tea leaves, andwith guaranine from guarana.
CAFFETANNIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the tannin of coffee.Caffetannic acid,
a variety of tannin obtained from coffee berries,regarded as a glucoside.
CAFFILA,See Cafila.
CAFFRE,See Kaffir.
CAFTAN,A garment worn throughout the Levant, consisting of a long gownwith sleeves
reaching below the hands. It is generally fastened by abelt or sash.
CAG,See Keg. [Obs.]
CAGE,An outer framework of timber, inclosing something within it; asthe cage of a
staircase. Gwilt.
CAGED,Confined in, or as in, a cage; like a cage or prison. "Thecaged cloister."
Shak.
CAGELING,A bird confined in a cage; esp. a young bird. [Poetic]Tennyson.
CAGIT,A king of parrot, of a beautiful green color, found in thePhilippine Islands.
CAGMAG,A tough old goose; hence, coarse, bad food of any kind. [Prov.Eng.]
Halliwell.
CAGOT,One of a race inhabiting the valleys of the Pyrenees, who until1793 were
political and social outcasts (Christian Pariahs). They aresupposed to be a remnant
of the Visigoths.
CAHENSLYISM,A plan proposed to the Pope in 1891 by P. P. Cahensly, a memberof the
German parliament, to divide the foreign-born population ofthe United States, for
ecclesiastical purposes, according to Europeannationalities, and to appoint bishops
and priests of like race andspeaking the same language as the majority of the
members of adiocese or congregation. This plan was successfully opposed by
theAmerican party in the Church.
CAHINCA ROOT,The root of an American shrub (Chiococca racemosa), found asfar north
as Florida Keys, from which cahincic acid is obtained;also, the root of the South
American Chiococca anguifuga, acelebrated antidote for snake poison.
CAHINCIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cahinca, the native name of aspecies of
Brazilian Chiococca, perhaps C. recemosa; as, cahincicacid.
CAHOOT,Partnership; as to go in cahoot with a person. [Slang,southwestern U. S.]
Bartlett.
CAIMACAM,The governor of a sanjak or district in Turkey.
CAIMAN,See Cayman.
CAINOZOIC,(Geol.) See Cenozic.
CAIQUE,A light skiff or rowboat used on the Bosporus; also, aLevantine vessel of
larger size.
CAIRD,A traveling tinker; also a tramp or sturdy beggar. [Prov. Eng.]
CAIRNGORMSTONE,A yellow or smoky brown variety of rock crystal, orcrystallized
quartz, found esp, in the mountain of Cairngorm, inScotland.
CAISSON DISEASE,A disease frequently induced by remaining for some time in
anatmosphere of high pressure, as in caissons, diving bells, etc. It
ischaracterized by neuralgic pains and paralytic symptoms. It isvariously
explained, most probably as due to congestion of internalorgans with subsequent
stasis of the blood.
CAISSON,A sunk panel of ceilings or soffits. Pneumatic caisson(Engin.), a caisson,
closed at the top but open at the bottom, andresting upon the ground under water.
The pressure of air forced intothe caisson keeps the water out. Men and materials
are admitted tothe interior through an air lock. See Lock.
CAITIFF,A captive; a prisoner. [Obs.]Avarice doth tyrannize over her caitiff and
slave. Holland.
CAJEPUT,See Cajuput.
CAJOLE,To deceive with flattery or fair words; to wheedle.I am not about to cajole
or flatter you into a reception of my views.F. W. Robertson.
CAJOLEMENT,The act of cajoling; the state of being cajoled; cajolery.Coleridge.
CAJOLER,A flatterer; a wheedler.
CAJOLERY,A wheedling to delude; words used in cajoling; flattery."Infamous
cajoleries." Evelyn.
CAJUN,In Louisiana, a person reputed to be Acadian French descent.
CAJUPUT,A highly stimulating volatile infammable oil, distilled fromthe leaves of
an East Indian tree (Melaleuca cajuputi, etc.) It isgreenish in color and has a
camphoraceous odor and pungent taste.
CAJUPUTENE,A colorlees or greenish oil extracted from cajuput.
CAKE,To form into a cake, or mass.
CAKING COAL,See Coal.
CAL,Wolfram, an ore of tungsten. Simmonds.
CALABAR,A district on the west coast of Africa. Calabar bean, The of aclimbing
legumious plant (Physostigma venenosum), a native oftropical Africa. It is highly
poisonous. It is used to producecontraction of the pupil of the eye; also in
tetanus, neuralgia, andrheumatic diseases; -- called also ordeal bean, being used
by thenegroes in trials for witchcraft.
CALABARINE,An alkaloid resembing physostigmine and occurring with it inthe calabar
bean.
CALABOOSE,A prison; a jail. [Local, U. S.]
CALABOZO,A jail. See Calaboose.
CALADE,A slope or declivity in a manege ground down which a horse ismade to gallop,
to give suppleness to his haunches.
CALADIUM,A genus of aroideous plants, of which some species arecultivated for their
immense leaves (which are often curiouslyblotched with white and red), and others
(in Polynesia) for food.
CALAITE,A mineral. See Turquoise.
CALAMANCO,A glossy woolen stuff, plain, striped, or checked. "a gaycalamanco
waistcoat." Tatler.
CALAMANDER WOOD,A valuable furniture wood from India and Ceylon, of a hazel-brown
color, with black stripes, very hard in texture. It is aspecies of ebony, and is
obtained from the Diospyros qusesita. Calledalso Coromandel wood.
CALAMBAC,A fragrant wood; agalloch.
CALAMBOUR,A species of agalloch, or aloes wood, of a dusky or mottledcolor, of a
light, friable texture, and less fragrant than calambac;-- used by cabinetmakers.
CALAMIFEROUS,Producing reeds; reedy.
CALAMINE,A mineral, the hydrous silicate of zinc.
CALAMINT,A genus of perennial plants (Calamintha) of the Mint family,esp. the C.
Nepela and C. Acinos, which are called also basil thyme.
CALAMIST,One who plays upon a reed or pipe. [Obs.] Blount.
CALAMISTRATE,To curl or friz, as the hair. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
CALAMISTRATION,The act or process of curling the hair. [Obs.] burton.
CALAMISTRUM,A comblike structure on the metatarsus of the hind legs ofcertain
spiders (Ciniflonidæ), used to curl certain fibers in theconstruction of their
webs.
CALAMITE,A fossil plant of the coal formation, having the general formof plants of
the modern Equiseta (the Horsetail or Scouring Rushfamily) but sometimes attaining
the height of trees, and having thestem more or less woody within. See Acrogen, and
Asterophyllite.
CALAMUS,The indian cane, a plant of the Palm family. It furnishes thecommon rattan.
See Rattan, and Dragon's blood.
CALANDO,(Mus.) Gradually diminishing in rapidity and loudness.
CALAVERAS SKULL,A human skull reported, by Prof. J. D. Whitney, as found in1886 in
a Tertiary auriferous gravel deposit, lying below a bed ofblack lava, in Calaveras
County, California. It is regarded as verydoubtful whether the skull really
belonged to the deposit in which itwas found. If it did, it indicates an
unprecedented antiquity forhuman beings of an advanced type.
CALAVERITE,A bronze-yellow massive mineral with metallic luster; atelluride of
gold; -- first found in Calaveras County California.
CALC-SINTER,See under Calcite.
CALC-SPAR,Same as Calcite.
CALC-TUFA,See under Calcite.
CALCANEAL,Pertaining to the calcaneum; as, calcaneal arteries.
CALCANEUM,One of the bones of the tarsus which in man, forms the greatbone of the
heel; -- called also fibulare.
CALCAR,A kind of oven, or reverberatory furnace, used for thecalcination of sand
and potash, and converting them into frit. Ure.
CALCAREO-ARGILLACEOUS,consisting of, or containing, calcareous and
argillaceousearths.
CALCAREO-BITUMINOUS,Consisting of, or containing, lime and bitumen. Lyell.
CALCAREO-SILICEOUS,Consisting of, or containing calcareous and siliceous earths.
CALCAREOUS,Partaking of the nature ofcalcite or calcium carbonate;consisting of, or
containg, calcium carbonate or carbonate of lime.Clcareous spar. See as Calcite.
CALCAREOUSNESS,Quality of being calcareous.
CALCARIFEROUS,Lime-yielding; calciferous
CALCARINE,Pertaining to, or situated near, the calcar of the brain.
CALCAVELLA,A sweet wine from Portugal; -- so called from the district
ofCarcavelhos. [Written also Calcavellos or Carcavelhos.]
CALCEATED,Fitted with, or wearing, shoes. Johnson.
CALCED,Wearing shoes; calceated; -- in distintion from discalced orbarefooted; as
the calced Carmelites.
CALCEDON,A foul vein, like chalcedony, in some precious stones.
CALCEIFORM,Shaped like a plipper, as one petal of the lady's-slipper;calceolate.
CALCEOLARIA,A genus of showy herbaceous or shrubby plant, biought fromSouth
America; slipperwort. It has a yellow or purple flower, oftenspotted or striped,
the shape of which suggests its name.
CALCEOLATE,Slipper-ahaped. See Calceiform.
CALCES,See Calx.
CALCIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, calcium or lime.
CALCIFEROUS,Bearing producing, or containing calcite, or carbonate of
lime.Calciferouse epoch (Geol.), and epoch in the American lower Siluriansystem,
immediately succeeding the Cambrian period. The name alludesto the peculiar mixture
of calcareous and siliceous characteristicsin many of the beds. See the Diagram
under Grology.
CALCIFIC,Calciferous. Specifically: (Zoöl.) of or pertaining to hteportion of the
which forms the eggshell in birds and reptiles.Huxley.
CALCIFICATION,The process of chenge into a stony or calcareous substance bythe
deposition of lime salt; -- normally, as in the formation of boneand teeth;
abnormally, as in calcareous degeneration of tissue.
CALCIFIED,Consisting of, or containing, calcareous matter or lime salts;calcareous.
CALCIFORM,In the form of chalk or lime.
CALCIFY,To make stony or calcareous by the deposit or secretion ofsalts of lime.
CALCIGENOUS,Tending to form, or to become, a calx or earthlike substance onbeing
oxidized or burnt; as magnesium, calcium. etc.
CALCIGEROUS,Holding lime or other earthy salts; as, the calcigerous cellsof the
teeth.
CALCIMINE,A white or colored wash for the ceiling or other plastering ofa room,
consisting of a mixture of clear glue, Paris white or zincwhite, and water. [Also
spelt kalsomine.]
CALCIMINER,One who calcimines.
CALCINABLE,That may be calcined; as, a calcinable fossil.
CALCINATE,To calcine. [R.]
CALCINATION,The act or process of disintegrating a substance, or renderingit
friable by the action of heat, esp. by the expulsion of somevolatile matter, as
when carbonic and acid is expelled from carbonateof calcium in the burning of
limestone in order to make lime.
CALCINATORY,A vessel used in calcination.
CALCINE,To be convereted into a powder or friable substance, or into acalx, by the
action of heat. "Calcining without fusion" Newton.
CALCINER,One who, or that which, calcines.
CALCISPONGIAE,An order of marine sponges, containing calcareous spicules.
SeePorifera.
CALCITE,Calcium carbonate, or carbonate of lime. It is rhombohedral inits
crystallization, and thus distinguished from aragonite. Itincludes common
limestone, chalk, and marble. Called also calc-sparand calcareous spar.
CALCITRANT,Kicking. Hence: Stubborn; refractory.
CALCITRATE,To kick.
CALCITRATION,Act of kicking.
CALCIUM,An elementary substance; a metal which combined with oxygenforms lime. It
is of a pale yellow color, tenacious, and malleable.It is a member of the alkaline
earth group of elements. Atomic weight40. Symbol Ca.
CALCIVOROUS,Eroding, or eating into, limestone.
CALCOGRAPHER,One who practices calcography.
CALCOGRAPHY,The art of drawing with chalk.
CALCULABLE,That may be calculated or ascertained by calculation.
CALCULARY,Of or pertaining to calculi.
CALCULATE,To make a calculation; to forecast caonsequences; to estimate;to
compute.The strong passions, whether good or bad, never calculate. F. W.Robertson.
CALCULATING,The act or process of making mathematical computations or ofestimating
results.
CALCULATIVE,Of or pertaining to calculation; involving calculation.Long habits of
calculative dealings. Burke.
CALCULATOR,One who computes or reckons: one who estimates or considers theforce and
effect of causes, with a view to form a correct estimate ofthe effects.Ambition is
no exact calculator. Burke.
CALCULATORY,Belonging to calculation. Sherwood.
CALCULE,Reckoning; computation. [Obs.] Howell.
CALCULI,See Calculus.
CALCULUS,Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but mostfrequent in
the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passagesconnected with them; as,
biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.
CALDRON,A large kettle or boiler of copper, brass, or iron. [Writtenalso cauldron.]
"Caldrons of boiling oil." Prescott.
CALECHE,See Calash.
CALEDONIA,The ancient Latin name of Scotland; -- still used in poetry.
CALEDONIAN,Of or pertaining to Caledonia or Scotland; Scottish; Scotch.-- n.
CALEDONITE,A hydrous sulphate of copper and lead, found in some parts ofCaledonia
or Scotland.
CALEFACIENT,Making warm; heating. [R.]
CALEFACTIVE,See Calefactory. [R.]
CALEFACTOR,A heater; one who, or that which, makes hot, as a stove, etc.
CALEFACTORY,Making hot; producing or communicating heat.
CALEFY,To make warm or hot.
CALEMBOUR,A pun.
CALENDAR,A tabular statement of the dates of feasts, offices, saints'days, etc.,
esp. of those which are liable to change yearly accordingto the varying date of
Easter.
CALENDARIAL,Of or pertaining to the calendar or a calendar.
CALENDARY,Calendarial. [Obs.]
CALENDER,To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth andglossy, or
wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper, etc. Ure.
CALENDOGRAPHER,One who makes calendars. [R.]
CALENDRER,A person who calenders cloth; a calender.
CALENDS,The first day of each month in the ancient Roman calendar.[Written also
kalends.] The Greek calends, a time that will nevercome, as the Greeks had no
calends.
CALENDULA,A genus of composite herbaceous plants. One species,
Calendulaofficinalis, is the common marigold, and was supposed to blossom onthe
calends of every month, whence the name.
CALENDULIN,A gummy or mucilaginous tasteless substance obtained from themarigold or
calendula, and analogous to bassorin.
CALENTURE,A name formerly given to various fevers occuring in tropics;esp. to a
form of furious delirium accompanied by fever, amongsailors, which sometimes led
the affected person to imagine the seato be a green field, and to throw himself
into it.
CALESCENCE,Growing warmth; increasing heat.
CALF,The fleshy hinder part of the leg below the knee. Calf's-footjelly, jelly made
from the feet of calves. The gelatinous matter ofthe feet is extracted by boiling,
and is flavored with sugar,essences, etc.
CALFSKIN,The hide or skin of a calf; or leather made of the skin.
CALI,The tenth avatar or incarnation of the god Vishnu. [Writtenalso Kali.]
CALIBRATE,To ascertain the caliber of, as of a thermometer tube; also,more
generally, to determine or rectify the graduation of, as of thevarious standards or
graduated instruments.
CALIBRATION,The process of estimating the caliber a tube, as of athermometer tube,
in order to graduate it to a scale of degrees;also, more generally, the
determination of the true value of thespaces in any graduated instrument.
CALICE,See Chalice.
CALICO,Made of, or having the apperance of, calico; -- often appliedto an animal,
as a horse or cat, on whose body are large patches of acolor strikingly different
from its main color. [Colloq. U. S.]
CALICOBACK,Relating to, or resembling, a cup; also improperly used forcalycular,
calyculate.
CALID,Hot; burning; ardent. [Obs.] Bailey.
CALIDITY,Heat. [Obs.]
CALIDUCT,A pipe or duct used to convey hot air or steam.Subterranean caliducts have
been introduced. Evelyn.
CALIFORNIA JACK,A game at cards, a modification of seven-up, or all fours.
CALIFORNIAN,Of or pertaining to California.-- n.
CALIGATION,Dimness; cloudiness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
CALIGINOSITY,Darkness. [R.] G. Eliot.
CALIGINOUS,Affected with darkness or dimness; dark; obscure. [R.] Blount.The
caliginous regions of the air. Hallywell.-- Ca*lig"i*nous*ly, adv.--
Ca*lig"i*nous*ness, n.
CALIGO,Dimness or obscurity of sight, dependent upon a speck on thecornea; also,
the speck itself.
CALIGRAPHIC,See Calligraphic.
CALIGRAPHY,See Caligraphy.
CALIN,An alloy of lead and tin, of which the Chinese make teacanisters.
CALIPASH,A part of a turtle which is next to the upper shell. Itcontains a fatty
and gelatinous substance of a dull greenish tinge,much esteemed as a delicacy in
preparations of turtle.
CALIPEE,A part of a turtle which is attached to the lower shell. Itcontains a fatty
and gelatinous substance of a light yellowish color,much esteemed as a delicacy.
Thackeray.
CALIPERS,An instrument, usually resembling a pair of dividers orcompasses with
curved legs, for measuring the diameter or thicknessof bodies, as of work shaped in
a lathe or planer, timber, masts,shot, etc.; or the bore of firearms, tubes, etc.;
-- called alsocaliper compasses, or caliber compasses. Caliper square,
adraughtsman's or mechanic's square, having a graduated bar andadjustable jaw or
jaws. Knight.-- Vernier calipers. See Vernier.
CALIPH,Successor or vicar; -- a title of the successors of Mohammedboth as temporal
and spiritual rulers, now used by the sultans ofTurkey, [Writting also calif.]
CALIPHATE,The office, dignity, or government of a caliph or of thecaliphs.
CALIPPIC,Of or pertaining to Calippus, an Athenian astronomer. Calippicperiod, a
period of seventy-six years, proposed by Calippus, as animprovement on the Metonic
cycle, since the 6940 days of the Metoniccycle exceeded 19 years by about a quarter
of a day, and exceeded 235lunations by something more.
CALISAYA BARK,A valuable kind of Peruvian bark obtained from the CinchonaCalisaya,
and other closely related species.
CALISTHENEUM,A gymnasium; esp. one for light physical exercise by women
andchildren.
CALISTHENIC,Of or pertaining to calisthenics.
CALISTHENICS,The science, art, or practice of healthful exercise of the bodyand
limbs, to promote strength and gracefulness; light gymnastics.
CALIVER,An early form of hand gun, variety of the arquebus; originallya gun having
a regular size of bore. [Obs.] Shak.
CALIX,A cup. See Calyx.
CALK,To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the back of it with red orblack chalk, and
then passing a blunt style or needle over the lines,so as to leave a tracing on the
paper or other thing against which itis laid or held. [Writting also calque]
CALKIN,A calk on a shoe. See Calk, n., 1.
CALKING,The act or process of making seems tight, as in ships, or offurnishing with
calks, as a shoe, or copying, as a drawing. Calkingiron, a tool like a chisel, used
in calking ships, tightening seamsin ironwork, etc.Their left hand does the calking
iron guide. Dryden.
CALL,An invitation to take charge of or serve a church as itspastor.
CALLA,A genus of plants, of the order Araceæ.
CALLAT,Same as Callet. [Obs.]A callat of boundless tongue. Shak.
CALLE,A kind of head covering; a caul. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CALLER,One who calls.
CALLET,A trull or prostitute; a scold or gossip. [Obs.] [Written alsocallat.]
CALLID,Characterized by cunning or shrewdness; crafty. [R.]
CALLIDITY,Acuteness of discernment; cunningness; shrewdness. [R.]Her eagly-eyed
callidity. C. Smart.
CALLIGRAPHER,One skilled in calligraphy; a good penman.
CALLIGRAPHIST,A calligrapher
CALLIGRAPHY,Fair or elegant penmanship.
CALLIOPE,The Muse that presides over eloquence and heroic poetry; motherof Orpheus,
and chief of the nine Muses.
CALLIOPSIS,A popular name given to a few species of the genus Careopsis,especially
to C. tinctoria of Arkansas.
CALLIPASH,See Calipash.
CALLIPEE,See Calipee.
CALLIPERS,See Calipers.
CALLISECTION,Painless vivisection; -- opposed to sentisection. B. G. Wilder.
CALLITHUMP,A somewhat riotous parade, accompanied with the blowing of tinhorus, and
other discordant noises; also, a burlesque serenade; acharivari. [U. S.]
CALLITHUMPIAN,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a callithump. [U. S.]
CALLOSAN,Of the callosum.
CALLOSE,Furnished with protuberant or hardened spots.
CALLOSITY,A hard or thickened spot or protuberance; a hardening andthickening of
the skin or bark of a part, eps. as a result ofcontinued pressure or friction.
CALLOSUM,The great band commissural fibers which unites the two
cerebralhemispheres. See corpus callosum, under Carpus.
CALLOT,A plant coif or skullcap. Same as Calotte. B. Jonson.
CALLOW,A kind of duck. See Old squaw.
CALLUS,The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exudedat the site
of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous inconsistence, but is
ultimately converted into true bone and unitesthe fragments into a single piece.
CALM,Freodom from motion, agitation, or disturbance; a cessation orabeence of that
which causes motion or disturbance, as of winds orwaves; tranquility; stilness;
quiet; serenity.The wind ceased, and there was a great calm. Mark. iv. 39.A calm
before a storm is commonly a peace of a man's own making.South.
CALMER,One who, or that which, makes calm.
CALMLY,In a calm manner.The gentle stream which calmly flows. Denham.
CALMNESS,The state of quality of being calm; quietness; tranquillity;self-
repose.The gentle calmness of the flood. Denham.Hes calmness was the repose of
conscious power. E. Everett.
CALMUCKS,; sing. Calmuck. A branch of the Mongolian race inbabitingparts of the
Russian and Chinese empires; also (sing.), the languageof the Calmucks. [Written
also Kalmucks.]
CALMY,Tranquil; peaceful; calm. [Poet.] "A still and calmy day"Spenser.
CALOMEL,Mild chloride of mercury, Hg
CALORESCENCE,The conversion of obscure radiant heat info kight; thetransmutation of
rays of heat into others of higher refrangibility.Tyndall.
CALORIC,The principle of heat, or the agent to which the phenomena ofheat and
combustion were formerly ascribed; -- not now used inscientific nomenclature, but
sometimes used as a general term forheat.Caloric expands all bodies. Henry.
CALORICITY,A faculty in animals of developing and preserving the heatnesessary to
life, that is, the animal heat.
CALORIDUCT,A tube or duct for conducting heat; a caliduct.
CALORIE,The unit of heat according to the Frensc standard; the amountof heat
requires to raise the temperature of one kilogram (sometimes,one gram) of water one
degree centigrade, or from 0Foot pound.
CALORIFACIENT,See Calorificient.
CALORIFERE,An apparatus for conveying and distributing heat, especially bymeans of
hot water circulating in tubes.
CALORIFIANT,See Calorificient.
CALORIFIC,Possessing the quality of producing heat; heating. Calorificrays, the
invisible, heating rays which emanate from the sum, andburning and heated bodies.
CALORIFICATION,Production of heat, esp. animal heat.
CALORIFICIENT,Having, or relating to the power of producing heat; -- appliedto
foods which, being rich in carbon, as the fats, are supposed togive rise to heat in
the animal body by oxidation.
CALORIMETER,An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained inbodies or
developed by some mechanical or chemical process, asfriction, chemical combination,
combustion, etc.
CALORIMETRIC,Of or pertaining to process of using the calorimeter.Satisfactory
calorimetric results. Nichol.
CALORIMETRY,Measurement of the quantities of heat in bodies.
CALORIMOTOR,A voltaic battery, having a large surface of plate, andproducing
powerful heating effects.
CALORISATOR,An apparatus used in beet-sugar factories to heat the juice inorder to
aid the diffusion.
CALOTYPE,A method of taking photographic pictures, on paper sensitizedwith iodide
of silver; -- also called Talbotype, from the inventor,Mr. Fox. Talbot.
CALOYER,A monk of the Greek Church; a cenobite, anchoret, or recluse ofthe rule of
St. Basil, especially, one on or near Mt. Athos.
CALQUE,See 2d Calk, v. t.
CALUMBA,The root of a plant (Jateorrhiza Calumba, and probably Cocculuspalmatus),
indigenous in Mozambique. It has an unpleasantly bittertaste, and is used as a
tonic and antiseptic. [Written also colombo,columbo, and calombo.] American
calumba, the Frasera Carolinensis,also called American gentian. Its root has been
used in medicine asbitter tonic in place of calumba.
CALUMBIN,A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline substancefrom the
calumba root. [Written also colombin, and columbin]
CALUMET,A kind of pipe, used by the North American Indians for smokingtobacco. The
bowl is usually made of soft red stone, and the tube isa long reed often ornamented
with feathers.Smoked the calumet, the Peace pipe, As a signal to the
nations.Lowgfellow.
CALUMNIATE,To accuse falsely and maliciously of a crime or offense, or ofsomething
disreputable; to slander; to libel.Hatred unto the truth did always falsely report
and calumniate allgodly men's doings. Strype.Syn.-- To asperse; slander; defame;
vilify; traduce; belie; bespatter;blacken; libel. See Asperse.
CALUMNIATION,False accusation of crime or offense, or a malicious and
falserepresentation of the words or actions of another, with a view toinjure his
good name.The calumniation of her principal counselors. Bacon.
CALUMNIATOR,One who calumniates.
CALUMNIATORY,Containing calumny; slanderous. Montagu.
CALUMNIOUS,Containing or implying calumny; false, malicious, and injuriousto
reputation; slanderous; as, calumnious reports.Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious
strokes. Shak.
CALUMNY,False accusation of a crime or offense, maliciously made orreported, to the
injury of another; malicious misrepresentation;slander; detraction. "Infamouse
calumnies." Motley.Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not
escapecalumny. Shak.
CALVARIA,The bones of the cranium; more especially, the bones of thedomelike upper
portion.
CALVARY,A cross, set upon three steps; -- more properly called crosscalvary.
CALVER,To bear, or be susceptible of, being calvered; as, grayling'sflesh will
calver. Catton.
CALVESSNOUT,Snapdragon.
CALVINISM,The theological tenets or doctrines of John Calvin (a Frenchtheologian
and reformer of the 16th century) and his followers, or ofthe so-called calvinistic
churches.
CALVINIST,A follower of Calvin; a believer in Calvinism.
CALVINIZE,To convert to Calvinism.
CALVISH,Like a calf; stupid. Sheldon.
CALX,Having the petals and stamens adnate to the calyx; -- appliedto a subclass of
dicotyledonous plants in the system of the Frenchbotanist Candolle.
CALYCIFORM,Having the form or appearance of a calyx.
CALYCLE,A row of small bracts, at the base of the calyx, on theoutside.
CALYCLED,Calyculate.
CALYCOZOA,A group of acalephs of which Lucernaria is the type. The bodyis cup-
shaped with eight marginal lobes bearing clavate tentacles. Anaboral sucker serves
for attachment. The interior is divided intofour large compartments. See
Lucernarida.
CALYCULAR,Pertaining to, or resembling, the bracts of a calycle.
CALYMENE,A genus of trilobites characteristic of the Silurian age.
CALYON,Flint or pebble stone, used in building walls, etc. Haliwell.
CALYPSO,A small and beautiful species of orchid, having a flowervariegated with
purple, pink, and yellow. It grows in cold and wetlocalities in the northern part
of the United States. The Calypsoborealis is the only orchid which reaches 68º N.
CALYPTRA,A little hood or veil, resembling an extinguisher in form andposition,
covering each of the small flaskike capsules which containthe spores of mosses;
also, any similar covering body.
CALYPTRIFORM,Having the form a calyptra, or extinguisher.
CALYX,The covering of a flower. See Flower.
CALZOONS,Drawers. [Obs.]
CAM,Crooked. [Obs.]
CAMAIEU,Painting in shades of one color; monochrome. Mollett.
CAMAIL,A neck guard of chain mall, hanging from the bascinet or otherheadpiece.
CAMARADERIE,Comradeship and loyalty.
CAMARASAURUS,A genus of gigantic American Jurassic dinosaurs, having largecavities
in the bodies of the dorsal vertebræ.
CAMASS,A blue-flowered liliaceous plant (Camassia esculenta) ofnorthwestern
America, the bulbs of which are collected for food bythe Indians. [Written also
camas, cammas, and quamash.]
CAMBER,An upward convexity of a deck or other surface; as, she has ahigh camber
(said of a vessel having an unusual convexity of deck).
CAMBERKEELED,Having the keel arched upwards, but not actually hogged; --said of a
ship.
CAMBIAL,Belonging to exchanges in commerce; of exchange. [R.]
CAMBIST,A banker; a money changer or broker; one who deals in bills ofexchange, or
who is skilled in the science of exchange.
CAMBISTRY,The science of exchange, weight, measures, etc.
CAMBIUM,A series of formative cells lying outside of the wood properand inside of
the inner bark. The growth of new wood takes place inthe cambium, which is very
soft.
CAMBLET,See Camlet.
CAMBOGE,See Gamboge.
CAMBOOSE,See Caboose.
CAMBRASINE,A kind of linen cloth made in Egypt, and so named from itsresemblance to
cambric.
CAMBREL,See Gambrel, n., 2. Wright.
CAMBRIA,The ancient Latin name of Wales. It is used by modern poets.
CAMBRIAN,Of or pertaining to Cambria or Wales.
CAMBRIC,A Welshman.
CAME,imp. of Come.
CAMEL,A large ruminant used in Asia and Africa for carrying burdensand for riding.
The camel is remarkable for its ability to go a longtime without drinking. Its
hoofs are small, and situated at theextremities of the toes, and the weight of the
animal rests on thecallous. The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) has one bunch on
theback, while the Bactrian camel (C. Bactrianus) has two. The llama,alpaca, and
vicuña, of South America, belong to a related genus(Auchenia).
CAMELEON,See Chaceleon. [Obs.]
CAMELLIA,An Asiatic genus of small shrubs, often with shining leaves andshowy
flowers. Camelia Japonica is much cultivated for ornament, andC. Sassanqua and C.
Oleifera are grown in China for the oil which ispressed from their seeds. The tea
plant is now referred to this genusunder the name of Camellia Thea.
CAMELOPARD,An African ruminant; the giraffe. See Giraffe.
CAMELOT,See Camelet. [Obs.]
CAMELRY,Troops that are mounted on camels.
CAMELSHAIR,Of camel's hair. Camel's-hair pencil, a small brush used bypainters in
water colors, made of camel's hair or similar materials.-- Camel's-hair shawl. A
name often given to a cashmere shawl. SeeCashmere shawl under Cashmere.
CAMEO,A carving in relief, esp. one on a small scale used as a jewelfor personal
adornment, or like.
CAMERA LUCIDA,An instrument which by means of a prism of a peculiar form, oran
arrangement of mirrors, causes an apparent image of an externalobject or objects to
appear as if projected upon a plane surface, asof paper or canvas, so that the
outlines may conveniently traced. Itis generally used with the microscope.
CAMERA OBSCURA,An apparatus in which the image of an external object orobjects is,
by means of lenses. thrown upon a sensitized plate orsurface placed at the back or
an extensible darkened box or chambervariously modifled; -- commonly called simply
the camera.
CAMERA,A chamber, or instrument having a chamber. Specifically: Thecamera obscura
when used in photography. See Camera, and Cameraobscura. Bellows camera. See under
Bellows.-- In camera (Law), in a judge's chamber, that is, privately; as, ajudge
hears testimony which is not fit for the open court in camera.-- Panoramic, or
Pantascopic, camera, a photographic camera in whichthe lens and sensitized plate
revolve so as to expose adjacent partsof the plate successively to the light, which
reaches it through anarrow vertical slit; -- used in photographing broad
landscapes.Abney.
CAMERADE,See Comrade, [Obs.]
CAMERALISTIC,Of or pertaining to finance and public revenue.
CAMERALISTICS,The science of finance or public revenue.
CAMERATION,A vaulting or arching over. [R.]
CAMERLINGO,The papal chamberlain; the cardinal who presides over thepope's
household. He has at times possessed great power. [Writtenalso camerlengo and
camarlengo.]
CAMERONIAN,A follower of the Rev. Richard Cameron, a Scotch Covenanter ofthe time
of Charies II.Cameron and others refused to accept the "indulgence" offered
thePresbyterian clergy, insisted on the Solemn league and Covenant, andin 1680
declared Charles II deposed for tyranny, breach of faith,etc. Cameron was killed at
the battle of Airdmoss, but his followersbecame a denomination (afterwards called
Reformed Presbyterians) whorefused to recognize laws or institutions which they
believedcontrary to the kingdom of Christ, but who now avail themselves ofpolitical
rights.
CAMIS,A light, loose dress or robe. [Also written camus.] [Obs.]All in a camis
light of purple silk. Spenser.
CAMISARD,One of the French Protestant insurgents who rebelled againstLouis XIV,
after the revocation of the edict of Nates; -- so calledfrom the peasant's smock
(camise) which they wore.
CAMISATED,Dressed with a shirt over the other garments.
CAMLET,A woven fabric originally made of camel's hair, now chiefly ofgoat's hair
and silk, or of wool and cotton. [Sometimes writtencamelot and camblet.]
CAMLETED,Wavy or undulating like camlet; veined. Sir T. Herbert.
CAMMAS,See Camass.
CAMMOCK,A plant having long hard, crooked roots, the Ononis spinosa; --called also
rest-harrow. The Scandix Pecten-Veneris is also calledcammock.
CAMONFLET,A small mine, sometimes formed in the wall or side of anenemy's gallery,
to blow in the earth and cut off the retreat of theminers. Farrow.
CAMORRA,A secret organization formed at Naples, Italy, early in the19th century,
and used partly for political ends and partly forpracticing extortion, violence,
etc. -- Ca*mor"rist (#), n.
CAMOUSED,Depressed; flattened. [Obs.]Though my nose be cammoused. B. Jonson
CAMOUSLY,Awry. [Obs.] Skelton.
CAMP,A mound of earth in which potatoes and other vegetables arestored for
protection against frost; -- called also burrow and pie.[Prov. Eng.]
CAMPAGNA,An open level tract of country; especially "Campagna di Roma."The
extensive undulating plain which surrounds Rome.
CAMPAGNOL,A mouse (Arvicala agrestis), called also meadow mouse, whichoften does
great damage in fields and gardens, by feeding on rootsand seeds.
CAMPAIGN,A connected series of military operations forming a distinctstage in a
war; the time during which an army keeps the field.Wilhelm.
CAMPAIGNER,One who has served in an army in several campaigns; an oldsoldier; a
veteran.
CAMPANA,A church bell.
CAMPANED,Furnished with, or bearing, campanes, or bells.
CAMPANERO,The bellbird of South America. See Bellbird.
CAMPANES,Bells. [R.]
CAMPANIA,Open country. Sir W. Temple.
CAMPANIFORM,Bell-shaped.
CAMPANILE,A bell tower, esp. one built separate from a church.Many of the
campaniles od Italy are lofty and magnificent atructures.Swift.
CAMPANILIFORM,Bell-shaped; campanulate; campaniform.
CAMPANOLOGIST,One skilled in campanology; a bell ringer.
CAMPANOLOGY,The art of ringing bells, or a treatise on the art.
CAMPANULA,A large genus of plants bearing bell-shaped flowers, often ofgreat
beauty; -- also called bellflower.
CAMPANULACEOUS,Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants(Camponulaceæ)
of which Campanula is the type, and which includes theCanterbury bell, the
harebell, and the Venus's looking-glass.
CAMPANULARIAN,A hydroid of the family ampanularidæ, characterized by havingthe
polyps or zooids inclosed in bell-shaped calicles or hydrothecæ.
CAMPANULATE,Bell-shaped.
CAMPBELLITE,A member of the denomination called Christians or Disciples ofChrist.
They themselves repudiate the term Campbellite as a nickname.See Christian, 3.
CAMPEACHY WOOD,Logwood.
CAMPER,One who lodges temporarily in a hut or camp.
CAMPFIGHT,A duel; the decision of a case by a duel.
CAMPHENE,One of a series of substances C10H16, resembling camphor,regarded as
modified terpenes.
CAMPHINE,Rectified oil of turpentine, used for burning in lamps, and asa common
solvent in varnishes.
CAMPHIRE,An old spelling of Camphor.
CAMPHOGEN,See Cymene.
CAMPHOL,See Borneol.
CAMPHOR,To impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate. [R.] Tatler.
CAMPHORACEOUS,Of the nature of camphor; containing camphor. Dunglison.
CAMPHORATE,To impregnate or treat with camphor.
CAMPHORIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, camphor. Camphoric acid, awhite
crystallizable substance, C10H16O4, obtained from the oxidationof camphor.
CAMPHRETIC,Pertaining to, or derived from camphor. [R.]
CAMPING,A game of football. [Prov. Eng.]
CAMPION,A plant of the Pink family (Cucubalus bacciferus), bearingberries regarded
as poisonous. Bladder campion, a plant of the Pinkfamily (Cucubalus Behen or Silene
inflata), having a much inflatedcalyx. See Behen.-- Rose campion, a garden plant
(Lychnis coronaria) with handsomecrimsome crimson flowers.
CAMPUS,The principal grounds of a college or school, between thebuildings or within
the main inclosure; as, the college campus.
CAMPYLOSPERMOUS,Having seeds grooved lengthwise on the inner face, as in
sweetcicely.
CAMPYLOTROPOUS,Having the ovules and seeds so curved, or bent down uponthemselves,
that the ends of the embryo are brought close together.
CAMUS,See Camis. [Obs.]
CAMWOOD,See Barwood.
CAN BUOY,See under Buoy, n.
CAN HOOK,A device consisting of a short rope with flat hooks at eachend, for
hoisting casks or barrels by the ends of the staves.
CAN,an obs. form of began, imp. & p. p. of Begin, sometimes used inold poetry.
CANAANITE,A zealot. "Simon the Canaanite." Matt. x. 4.
CANAANITISH,Of or pertaining to Canaan or the Canaanites.
CANADA,A British province in North America, giving its name to variousplants and
animals. Canada balsam. See under Balsam.-- Canada goose. (Zoöl.) See Whisky
Jack.-- Canada lynx. (Zoöl.) See Lynx.-- Canada porcupine (Zoöl.) See Porcupine,
and Urson.-- Canada rice (Bot.) See under Rick.-- Canada robin (Zoöl.), the cedar
bird.
CANADIAN,Of or pertaining to Canada.-- n.
CANAKIN,A little can or cup. "And let me the canakin clink." Shak.
CANAL COAL,See Cannel coal.
CANAL,A tube or duct; as, the alimentary canal; the semicircularcanals of the ear.
Canal boat, a boat for use on a canal; esp. one ofpeculiar shape, carrying freight,
and drawn by horses walking on thetowpath beside the canal. Canal lock. See Lock.
CANALICULUS,A minute canal.
CANALIZATION,Construction of, or furnishing with, a canal or canals. [R.]
CANAPE CONFIDENT,A sofa having a seat at each end at right angles to the mainseats.
CANARD,An extravagant or absurd report or story; a fabricatedsensational report or
statement; esp. one set afloat in thenewspapers to hoax the public.
CANARESE,Pertaining to Canara, a district of British India.
CANARY BIRD,To perform the canary dance; to move nimbly; to caper. [Obs.]But to jig
of a tune at the tongue's end, canary to it with yourfeet. Shak.Ca*na"ry bird`.
(Zoöl.)
CANASTER,A kind of tobacco for smoking, made of the dried leaves,coarsely broken;
-- so called from the rush baskets in which it ispacked in South America. McElrath.
CANCAN,A rollicking French dance, accompanied by indecorous orextravagant postures
and gestures.
CANCEL,To suppress or omit; to strike out, as matter in type. Canceledfigures
(Print), figures cast with a line across the face., as foruse in arithmetics.
CANCELIER,To turn in flight; -- said of a hawk. [Obs.] Nares.He makes his stoop;
but wanting breath, is forced To cancelier.Massinger.
CANCELLAREAN,Cancellarean. [R.]
CANCELLATE,Consisting of a network of veins, without intermediateparenchyma, as the
leaves of certain plant; latticelike.
CANCELLATED,Open or spongy, as some porous bones.
CANCELLATION,The operation of striking out common factora, in both thedividend and
divisor.
CANCELLI,The interlacing osseous plates constituting the elastic poroustissue of
certain parts of the bones, esp. in their articularextremities.
CANCELLOUS,Having a spongy or porous stracture; made up of cancelli;cancellated;
as, the cancellous texture of parts of many bones.
CANCER,A genus of decapod Crustacea, including some of the most commonshore crabs
of Europe and North America, as the rock crab, Jonahcrab, etc. See Crab.
CANCERATE,To grow into a canser; to become cancerous. Boyle.
CANCERATION,The act or state of becoming cancerous or growing into acancer.
CANCERITE,Like a cancer; having the qualities or virulence of a cancer;affected
with cancer. "Cancerous vices." G. Eliot.-- Can"cer*ous*ly, adv.--
Can"cer*ous*ness, n.
CANCEROUS,Like a cancer; having the qualities or virulence of a cancer;affected
with cancer. "cancerous vices" G. Eliot.[1913 Webster]
CANCRINE,Having the qualities of a crab; crablike.
CANCRINITE,A mineral occurring in hexagonal crystals, also massive,generally of a
yellow color, containing silica, alumina, lime, soda,and carbon dioxide.
CANCROID,Resembling a crab; pertaining to the Cancroidea, one of thefamilies of
crabs, including the genus Cancer.
CAND,Fluor spar. See Kand.
CANDENT,Heated to whiteness; glowing with heat. "A candent vessel."Boyle.
CANDEROS,An East Indian resin, of a pellucid white color, from whichsmall ornaments
and toys are sometimes made.
CANDESCENCE,See Inclandescence.
CANDESCENT,Glowing; luminous; incandescent.
CANDICANT,Growing white. [Obs.]
CANDIDACY,The position of a candidate; state of being a candidate;candidateship.
CANDIDATE,One who offers himself, or is put forward by others, as asuitable person
or an aspirant or contestant for an office,privilege, or honor; as, a candidate for
the office of governor; acandidate for holy orders; a candidate for scholastic
honors.
CANDIDATESHIP,Candidacy.
CANDIDATING,The taking of the position of a candidate; specifically, thepreaching
of a clergyman with a view to settlement. [Cant, U. S.]
CANDIDATURE,Candidacy.
CANDIDLY,In a candid manner.
CANDIDNESS,The quality of being candid.
CANDIFY,To make or become white, or candied. [R.]
CANDIOT,Of or pertaining to Candia; Cretary.
CANDITE,A variety of spinel, of a dark color, found at Candy, inCeylon.
CANDLE COAL,See Cannel coal.
CANDLE FOOT,The illumination produced by a British standard candle at adistance of
one foot; --used as a unit of illumination.
CANDLE METER,The illumination given by a standard candle at a distance ofone meter;
-- used as a unit of illumination, except in GreatBritain.
CANDLE POWER,Illuminating power, as of a lamp, or gas flame, reckoned interms of
the light of a standard candle.
CANDLEBERRY TREE,A shrub (the Myrica cerifera, or wax-bearing myrtle), common
inNorth America, the little nuts of which are covered with a greenishwhite wax,
which was formerly, used for hardening candles; -- alsocalled bayberry tree,
bayberry, or candleberry.
CANDLEHOLDER,One who, or that which, holds a candle; also, one who assistsanother,
but is otherwise not of importance. Shak.
CANDLELIGHT,The light of a candle.Never went by candlelight to bed. Dryden.
CANDLEMAS,The second day of February, on which is celebrated the feast ofthe
Purification of the Virgin Mary; -- so called because the candlesfor the altar or
other sacred uses are blessed on that day.
CANDLESTICK,An instrument or utensil for supporting a candle.
CANDLEWASTER,One who consumes candles by being up late for study ordissipation.A
bookworm, a candlewaster. B. Jonson.
CANDOCK,A plant or weed that grows in rivers; a species of ofEquisetum; also, the
yellow frog lily (Nuphar luteum).
CANDROY,A machine for spreading out cotton cloths to prepare them forprinting.
CANDY,A more or less solid article of confectionery made by boilingsugar or
molasses to the desired consistency, and than crystallizing,molding, or working in
the required shape. It is often flavored orcolored, and sometimes contains fruit,
nuts, etc.
CANDYTUFT,An annual plant of the genus Iberis, cultivated in gardens. Thename was
originally given to the I. umbellata, first, discovered inthe island of Candia.
CANEBRAKE,A thicket of canes. Ellicott.
CANED,Filled with white flakes; mothery; -- said vinegar whencontaining mother.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
CANELLA,A genus of trees of the order Canellaceæ, growing in the WestIndies.
CANESCENT,Growing white, or assuming a color approaching to white.
CANGUE,A very broad and heavy wooden collar which certain offenders inChina are
compelled to wear as a punishment.
CANICULAR,Pertaining to, or measured, by the rising of the Dog Star.Canicular days,
the dog days, See Dog days.-- Canicular year, the Egyptian year, computed from one
heliacalrising of the Dog Star to another.
CANICULE,Canicula. Addison.
CANINAL,See Canine, a.
CANINE,Of or pertaining to the pointed tooth on each side theincisors. Canine
appetite, a morbidly voracious appetite; bulimia.-- Canine letter, the letter r.
See R.-- Canine madness, hydrophobia.-- Canine toth, a toth situated between the
incisor and bicuspidteeth, so called because well developen in dogs; usually, the
thirdtooth from the front on each side of each jaw; an eyetooth, or
thecorresponding tooth in the lower jaw.
CANIS,A genus of carnivorous mammals, of the family Canidæ, includingthe dogs and
wolves. Canis major Etym: [L., larger dog], aconstellation to the southeast of
Orion, containing Sirius or the DogStar.-- Canis minor Etym: [L., smaller dog], a
constellation to the eastof Orion, containing Procyon, a star of the first
magnitude.
CANISTER,A kind of case shot for cannon, in which a number of lead oriron balls in
layers are inclosed in a case fitting the gun; --called also canister shot,
CANKER BLOOM,The bloom or blossom of the wild rose or dog-rose.
CANKER BLOSSOM,That which blasts a blossom as a canker does. [Obs.]O me! you
juggler! you canker blossom! You thief of Love! Shak.
CANKER FLY,A fly that preys on fruit.
CANKER RASH,A form of scarlet fever characterized by ulcerated or putridsore
throat.
CANKER,A disease incident to trees, causing the bark to rot and falloff.
CANKER-BIT,Eaten out by canker, or as by canker. [Obs.]
CANKEREDLY,Fretfully; spitefully.
CANKEROUS,Affecting like a canker. "Canrerous shackles." Thomson.Misdeem it not a
cankerous change. Wordsworth.
CANKERWORM,The larva of two species of geometrid moths which are veryinjurious to
fruit and shade trees by eating, and often entirelydestroying, the foliage. Other
similar larvæ are also calledcankerworms.
CANNA,A measure of length in Italy, varying from six to seven feet.See Cane, 4.
CANNABENE,A colorless oil obtained from hemp dy distillation, andpossessing its
intoxicating properties.
CANNABIN,A pisonous resin extracted from hemp (Cannabis sativa, varietyIndica). The
narcotic effects of hasheesh are due to this resin.
CANNABINE,Pertaining to hemp; hempen. [R.]
CANNABIS,A genus of a single species belonging to the order Uricaceæ;hemp. Cannabis
Indica (, the Indian hemp, a powerful narcotic, nowconsidered a variety of the
common hemp.
CANNEL COAL,A kind of mineral coal of a black color, sufficiently hard andsolid to
be cut and polished. It burns readily, with a clear, yellowflame, and on this
account has been used as a substitute for candles.
CANNELE,A style of interweaving giving to fabrics a channeled or flutedeffect;
also, a fabric woven so as to have this effect; a rep.
CANNELURE,A groove in any cylinder; specif., a groove around the cylinderof an
elongated bullet for small arms to contain a lubricant, oraround the rotating band
of a gun projectile to lessen the resistanceoffered to the rifling. Also, a groove
around the base of acartridge, where the extractor takes hold. --Can"ne*lured (#),
a.
CANNERY,A place where the business of canning fruit, meat, etc., iscarried on. [U.
S.]
CANNIBAL,A human being that eats human flesh; hence, any that devoursits own kind.
Darwin.
CANNIBALISM,The act or practice of eating human flesh by mankind. Hence;Murderous
cruelty; barbarity. Berke.
CANNIBALLY,In the manner of cannibal. "An he had been cannibally given."Shak.
CANNIKIN,A small can or drinking vessel.
CANNILY,In a canny manner. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]
CANNINESS,Caution; crafty management. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]
CANNON BONE,See Canon Bone.
CANNON,A hollow cylindrical piece carried by a revolving shaft, onwhich it may,
however, revolve independently.
CANNONADE,To attack with heavy artillery; to batter with cannon shot.
CANNONED,Furnished with cannon. [Poetic] "Gilbralter's cannoned steep."M. Arnold.
CANNONERING,The use of cannon. Burke.
CANNONRY,Cannon, collectively; artillery.The ringing of bells and roaring of
cannonry proclaimed his coursethrough the country. W. Irving.
CANNOT,Am, is, or are, not able; -- written either as one word or two.
CANNULA,A small tube of metal, wood, or India rubber, used for variouspurposes,
esp. for injecting or withdrawing fluids. It is usuallyassociated with a trocar.
[Written also canula.]
CANNULAR,Having the form of a tube; tubular. [Written also canular.]
CANNULATED,Hollow; affording a passage through its interior length forwire, thread,
etc.; as, a cannulated (suture) needle. [Written alsocanulated.]
CANOE,To manage a canoe, or voyage in a canoe.
CANOEING,The act or art of using a canoe.
CANOEIST,A canoeman.
CANOEMAN,One who uses a canoe; one who travels in a canoe.Cabins and clearing
greeted the eye of the passing canoeman. Parkman.
CANON BIT,That part of a bit which is put in a horse's mouth.
CANON BONE,The shank bone, or great bone above the fetlock, in the foreand hind
legs of the horse and allied animals, corresponding to themiddle metacarpal or
metatarsal bone of most mammals. See Horse.
CANON,A law, or rule of doctrine or discipline, enacted by a counciland confirmed
by the pope or the sovereign; a decision, regulation,code, or constitution made by
ecclesiastical authority.Various canons which were made in councils held in the
second centry.Hock.
CANONESS,A woman who holds a canonry in a conventual chapter. Regularcanoness, one
bound by the poverty, and observing a strict rule oflife.-- Secular canoness, one
allowed to hold private property, and boundonly by vows of chastity and obedience
so long as she chose to remainin the chapter.
CANONICALLY,; according to the canons.
CANONICALNESS,The quality of being canonical; canonicity. Bp. Burnet.
CANONICALS,The dress prescribed by canon to be worn by a clergyman whenoficiating.
Sometimes, any distinctive professional dress. Fullcanonicals, the complete costume
of an officiating clergyman orecclesiastic.
CANONICATE,The office of a canon; a canonry.
CANONICITY,The state or quality of being canonical; agreement with thecanon.
CANONIST,A professor of canon law; one skilled in the knowledge andpractice of
ecclesiastical law. South.
CANONISTIC,Of or pertaining to a canonist. "This canonistic exposition."Milton.
CANONIZATION,The final process or decree (following beatifacation) by whichthe name
of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) ofsaints and commended to
perpetual veneration and invocation.Canonization of saints was not known to the
Christian church titltoward the middle of the tenth century. Hoock.
CANONIZE,To declare (a deceased person) a saint; to put in the catalogueof saints;
as, Thomas a Becket was canonized.
CANONRY,A benefice or prebend in a cathedral or collegiate church; aright to a
place in chapter and to a portion of its revenues; thedignity or emoluments of a
canon.
CANONSHIP,Of pertaining to Canopus in egypt; as, the Canopic vases, usedin
embalming.
CANOPUS,A star of the first magnitude in the southern constellationArgo.
CANOPY,To cover with, or as with, a canopy. "A bank with ivycanopied." Milton.
CANOROUS,Melodious; musical. "Birds that are most canorous." Sir T.Browne.A long,
lound, and canorous peal of laughter. De Quincey.
CANOROUSNESS,The quality of being musical.He chooses his language for its rich
canorousness. Lowell.
CANSTICK,Candlestick. [Obs.] Shak.
CANT HOOK,A wooden lever with a movable iron hook. hear the end; -- usedfor canting
or turning over heavy logs, etc. [U. S.] Bartlett.
CANT,A segment forming a side piece in the head of a cask. Knight.
CANTAB,A Cantabrigian. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.
CANTABILE,In a melodious, flowing style; in a singing style, as opposedto bravura,
recitativo, or parlando.
CANTABRIAN,Of or pertaining to Cantabria on the Bay of Biscay in Spain.
CANTABRIGIAN,A native or resident of Cambridge; esp. a student or graduateof the
university of Cambridge, England.
CANTALEVER,A bracket to support a balcony, a cornice, or the like.
CANTALOUPE,A muskmelon of several varieties, having when mature, ayellowish skin,
and flesh of a reddish orange color. [Written alsocantaleup.]
CANTANKEROUS,Perverse; contentious; ugly; malicious. [Colloq.]
--Can*tan"ker*ous*ly, adv.-- Can*tan"ker*ous*ness, n.The cantankerous old maiden
aunt. Theckeray.
CANTATA,A poem set to music; a musical composition comprising choruses,solos,
interludes, etc., arranged in a somewhat dramatic manner;originally, a composition
for a single noise, consisting of bothrecitative and melody.
CANTATION,A singing. [Obs.] Blount.
CANTATORY,Caontaining cant or affectation; whining; singing. [R.]
CANTATRICE,A female professional singer.
CANTEL,See Cantle.
CANTER,To move in a canter.
CANTHARIDAL,Of or pertaining to cantharides or made of cantharides; as,cantharidal
plaster.
CANTHARIDES,See cantharis.
CANTHARIDIN,The active principe of the cantharis, or Spanish fly, avolatile, acrid,
bitter solid, crystallizing in four-sided prisms.
CANTHARIS,A beetle (Lytta, or Cantharis, vesicatoria), having anelongated
cylindrical body of a brilliant green color, and a nauseousodor; the blister fly or
blister beetle, of the apothecary; -- alsocalled Spanish fly. Many other species of
Lytta, used for the samepurpose, take the same name. See Blister beetle, under
Blister. Theplural form in usually applied to the dried insects used in medicine.
CANTHOPLASTY,The operation of forming a new canthus, when one has beendestroyed by
injury or disease.
CANTHUS,The corner where the upper and under eyelids meet on each sideof the eye.
CANTICLE,The Song of Songs or Song of Solomon, one of the books of theOld
Testament.
CANTICOY,A social gathering; usually, one for dancing.
CANTILE,Same as Cantle, v. t.
CANTILENA,See Cantabile.
CANTILEVER,Same as Cantalever.
CANTILLATE,To chant; to recite with musical tones. M. Stuart.
CANTILLATION,A chanting; recitation or reading with musical modulations.
CANTINE,See Canteen.
CANTING,Speaking in a whining tone of voice; using technical orreligious terms
affectedly; affectedly pious; as, a canting rogue; acanting tone. - Cant"ing*ly,
adv.-- Cant"ing*ness, n. Canting arms, Canting heraldry (Her.), bearingsin the
nature of a rebus alluding to the name of the bearer. Thus,the Castletons bear
three castles, and Pope Adrian IV. (NicholasBreakspeare) bore a broken spear.
CANTINIERE,A woman who carries a canteen for soldiers; a vivandière.
CANTION,A song or verses. [Obs.] Spenser.
CANTLE,To cut in pieces; to cut out from. [Obs.] [Written alsocantile.]
CANTLET,A piece; a fragment; a corner. Dryden.
CANTO,The highest vocal part; the air or melody in choral music;anciently the
tenor, now the soprano. Canto fermo ( Etym: [It.](Mus.), the plain ecclesiastical
chant in cathedral service; theplain song.
CANTON CRAPE,A soft, white or colored silk fabric, of a gauzy texture andwavy
appearance, used for ladies' scarfs, shawls, bonnet trimmings,etc.; -- called also
Oriental crape. De Colange.
CANTON FLANNEL,See Cotton flannel.
CANTON,A song or canto [Obs.]Write loyal cantons of contemned love. Shak.
CANTONAL,Of or pertaining to a canton or cantons; of the nature of acanton.
CANTONED,Having a charge in each of the four corners; -- said of a crosson a
shield, and also of the shield itself.
CANTONIZE,To divide into cantons or small districts.
CANTONMENT,A town or village, or part of a town or village, assigned to abody of
troops for quarters; temporary shelter or place of rest foran army; quarters.
CANTOON,A cotton stuff showing a fine cord on one side and a satinysurface on the
other.
CANTOR,A singer; esp. the leader of a church choir; a precentor.The cantor of the
church intones the Te Deum. Milman.
CANTORAL,Of or belonging to a cantor. Cantoral staff, the official staffor baton of
a cantor or precentor, with which time is marked for thesingers.
CANTORIS,Of or pertaining to a cantor; as, the cantoris side of a choir;a cantoris
stall. Shipley.
CANTY,Cheerful; sprightly; lively; merry. "The canty dame."Wordsworth [Scot. &
Prov. Eng.]Contented with little, and canty with mair. Burns.
CANUCK,See Cannula, Cannular, and Cannulated.
CANVAS,Made of, pertaining to, or resembling, canvas or coarse cloth;as, a canvas
tent.
CANVASBACK,A Species of duck (Aythya vallisneria), esteemed for thedelicacy of its
flesh. It visits the United States in autumn;particularly Chesapeake Bay and
adjoining waters; -- so named fromthe markings of the plumage on its back.
CANVASS,To search thoroughly; to engage in solicitation by traversing adistrict;
as, to canvass for subscriptions or for votes; to canvassfor a book, a publisher,
or in behalf of a charity; -- commonlyfollowed by for.
CANVASSER,One who canvasses.
CANY,Of or pertaining to cane or canes; abounding with canes.Milton.
CANYON,The English form of the Spanish word Cañon.
CANZONET,A short song, in one or more parts.
CAOUTCHIN,An inflammable, volatile, oily, liquid hydrocarbon, obtained bythe
destructive distillation of caoutchouc.
CAOUTCHOUC,A tenacious, elastic, gummy substance obtained from the milkysap of
several plants of tropical South America (esp. theeuphorbiaceous tree Siphonia
elastica or Hevea caoutchouc), Asia, andAfrica. Being impermeable to liquids and
gases, and not readlyaffected by exposure to air, acids, and alkalies, it is
used,especially when vulcanized, for many purposes in the arts and inmanufactures.
Also called India rubber (because it was first broughtfrom India, and was formerly
used chiefly for erasing pencil marks)and gum elastic. See Vulcanization. Mineral
caoutchouc. See underMineral.
CAOUTCHOUCIN,See Caoutchin.
CAP,The whole top of the head of a bird from the base of the billto the nape of the
neck.
CAPABLENESS,The quality or state of being capable; capability;adequateness;
competency.
CAPACIFY,To quality. [R.]The benefice he is capacified and designed for. Barrow.
CAPACIOUSLY,In a capacious manner or degree; comprehensively.
CAPACIOUSNESS,The quality of being capacious, as of a vessel, a reservoir abay, the
mind, etc.
CAPACITATE,To render capable; to enable; to qualify.By thih instruction we may be
capaciated to observe those errors.Dryden.
CAPACITY,Legal or noral qualification, as of age, residence, character,etc.,
necessary for certain purposes, as for holding office, formarrying, for making
contracts, will, etc.; legal power or right;competency. Capacity for heat, the
power of absorbing heat.Substances differ in the amount of heat requisite to raise
them agiven number of thermometric degrees, and this difference is themeasure of,
or depends upon, whzt is called their capacity for heat.See Specific heat, under
Heat.
CAPAPE,See Cap-a-pie. Shak.
CAPAPIE,From head to foot; at all points. "He was armed cap-a-pie."Prescott.
CAPARRO,A large South American monkey (Lagothrix Humboldtii), withprehensile tail.
CAPCASE,A small traveling case or bandbox; formerly, a chest.A capcase for your
linen and your plate. Beau. & Fl.
CAPE,A piece or point of land, extending beyind the adjacent coastinto the sea or a
lake; a promonotory; a headland. Cape buffalo(Zoöl.) a large and powerful buffalo
of South Africa (BubalusCaffer). It is said to be the most dangerous wild beast of
Africa.See Buffalo, 2.-- Cape jasmine, Cape jassamine. See Jasmine.-- Cape pigeon
(Zoöl.), a petrel (Daptium Capense) common off theCape of Good Hope. It is about
the size of a pigeon.-- Cape wine, wine made in South Africa [Eng.] -- The Cape,
the Capeof Good Hope, in the general sense of southern extremity of Africa.Also
used of Cape Horn, and, in New England, of Cape Cod.
CAPEL,A composite stone (quartz, schorl, and hornlende) in the wallsof tin and
copper lodes.
CAPELAN,See Capelin.
CAPELIN,A small marine fish (Mallotus villosus) of the familySalmonidæ, very
abundant on the coasts of Greenland, Iceland,Newfoundland, and Alaska. It is used
as a bait for the cod. [Writtenalso capelan and caplin.]
CAPELINE,A hood-shaped bandage for the head, the shoulder, or the stumpof an
amputated limb.
CAPELLA,A brilliant star in the constellation Auriga.
CAPELLANE,The curate of a chapel; a chaplain. [Obs.] Fuller.
CAPELLE,The private orchestra or band of a prince or of a church.
CAPELLET,A swelling, like a wen, on the point of the elbow (or the heelof the hock)
of a horse, caused probably by bruises in lying dowm.
CAPELLMEISTER,The musical director in royal or ducal chapel; a choirmaster.[Written
also kepellmeister.]
CAPER,To leap or jump about in a sprightly manner; to cut capers; toskip; to
spring; to prance; to dance.He capers, he dances, he has eyes of youth. Shak.
CAPERBERRY,See Capper, a plant, 2.
CAPERCLAW,To treat with cruel playfulness, as a cat treats a mouse; toabuse. [Obs.]
Birch.
CAPERER,One who capers, leaps, and skips about, or dances.The nimble capperer on
the cord. Dryden.
CAPFUL,As much as will fill a cap. A capful of wind (Naut.), a lightpuff of wind.
CAPIAS,A writ or process commanding the officer to take the body ofthe person named
in it, that is, to arrest him; -- also called writof capias.
CAPIBARA,See Capybara.
CAPILLACEOUS,Having long filaments; resembling a hair; slender. SeeCapillary.
CAPILLAMENT,A filament. [R.]
CAPILLARINESS,The quality of being capillary.
CAPILLARITY,The peculiar action by which the surface of a liquid, where itis in
contact with a solid (as in a capillary tube), is elevated ordepressed; capillary
attraction.
CAPILLARY,A minute, thin-walled vessel; particularly one of the smallestblood
vessels connecting arteries and veins, but used also for thesmallest lymphatic and
biliary vessels.
CAPILLATION,A capillary blood vessel. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CAPILLATURE,A bush of hair; frizzing of the hair. Clarke.
CAPILLIFORM,In the shape or form of, a hair, or of hairs.
CAPILLOSE,Having much hair; hairy. [R.]
CAPISTRATE,Hooded; cowled.
CAPITAL,The head or uppermost member of a column, pilaster, etc. Itconsists
generally of three parts, abacus, bell (or vase), andnecking. See these terms, and
Column.
CAPITALIST,One who has capital; one who has money for investment, or moneyinvested;
esp. a person of large property, which is employed inbusiness.The expenditure of
the capitalist. Burke.
CAPITALIZATION,The act or process of capitalizing.
CAPITALNESS,The quality of being capital; preeminence. [R.]
CAPITATE,Having the flowers gathered into a head.
CAPITATIM,Of so much per head; as, a capitatim tax; a capitatim grant.
CAPITE,See under Tenant.
CAPITELLATE,Having a very small knoblike termination, or collected intominute
capitula.
CAPITIBRANCHIATA,A division of annelids in which the gills arise from or nearthe
head. See Tubicola.
CAPITOL,Of or pertaining to the Capitol in Rome. "Capitolian Jove."Macaulay.
Capitoline games (Antiq.), annual games instituted at Romeby Camillus, in honor of
Jupter Capitolinus, on account of thepreservation of the Capitol from the Gauls;
when reinstituted byDomitian, arter a period of neglect, they were held every fifth
year.
CAPITULA,See Capitulum.
CAPITULAR,Of or pertaining to a chapter; capitulary.From the pope to the member of
the capitular body. Milman.
CAPITULARLY,In the manner or form of an ecclesiastical chapter. Sterne.
CAPITULARY,Relating to the chapter of a cathedral; capitular. "Capitularyacts."
Warton.
CAPITULATE,To surrender or transfer, as an army or a fortress, on
certainconditions. [R.]
CAPITULATOR,One who capitulates.
CAPITULE,A summary. [Obs.]
CAPITULUM,A knobike protuberance of any part, esp. at the end of a boneor
cartilage.
CAPIVI,A balsam of the Spanish West Indies. See Copaiba.
CAPLE,See Capel.
CAPLIN,See Capelin.
CAPNOMANCY,Divination by means of the ascent or motion of smoke.
CAPNOMOR,A limpid, colorless oil with a peculiar odor, obtained frombeech tar.
Watts.
CAPO TASTO,A sort of bar or movable nut, attached to the finger board of aguitar or
other fretted instrument for the purpose of raisinguniformly the pitch of all the
strings.
CAPOC,A sort of cotton so short and fine thet it can not be spun,used in the East
Indies to line palanquins, to make mattresses, etc.
CAPOCH,A hood; especialy, the hood attached to the gown of a monk.
CAPON,A castrated cock, esp. when fattened; a male chicken gelded toimprove his
flesh for the table. Shak.The merry thought of a capon. W. Irving.
CAPONET,A young capon. [R.] Chapman.
CAPONIERE,A work made across or in the ditch, to protect it from theenemy, or to
serve as a covered passageway.
CAPONIZE,To castrate, as a fowl.
CAPORAL,One who directs work; an overseer. [Sp. Amer.]
CAPOT,A winning of all the tricks at the game of piquet. It countsfor forty points.
Hoyle.
CAPOTE,A long cloak or overcoat, especially one with a hood.
CAPOUCH,Same as Capoch.
CAPPADINE,A floss or waste obtained from the cocoon after the silk hasbeen reeled
off, used for shag.
CAPPAPER,See cap, n., also Paper, n.
CAPPEAK,The front piece of a cap; -- now more commonly called visor.
CAPPELINE,A hood-shaped bandage for the head, the shoulder, or the stumpof an
amputated limb.
CAPPELLA,See A cappella.
CAPPING PLANE,A plane used for working the upper surface of staircase rails.
CAPRA,A genus of ruminants, including the common goat.
CAPRATE,A salt of capric acid.
CAPREOLATE,Having a tendril or tendrils.
CAPREOLINE,Of or pertaining to the roebuck.
CAPRI,Wine produced on the island of Capri, commonly a light, dry,white wine.
CAPRIC,Of or pertaining to capric acid or its derivatives. Capricacid, C9H9.CO2H,
Caprylic acid, C7H15.CO2H, and Caproic acid,C5H11.CO2H, are fatty acids occurring
in small quantities in butter,cocoanut oil, etc., united with glycerin; they are
colorless oils, orwhite crystalline solids, of an unpleasant odor like that of
goats orsweat.
CAPRICCIO,A piece in a free form, with frequent digressions from thetheme; a
fantasia; -- often called caprice.
CAPRICE,See Capriccio.
CAPRICIOUS,Governed or characterized by caprice; apt to change suddenly;freakish;
whimsical; changeable. "Capricious poet." Shak. "Capricioushumor." Hugh Miller.A
capricious partiality to the Romish practices. Hallam.
CAPRICORN,The tenth sign of zodiac, into which the sun enters at thewinter
solstice, about December 21. See Tropic.The sun was entered into Capricorn. Dryden.
CAPRID,Of or pertaining to the tribe of ruminants of which the goat,or genus Capra,
is the type.
CAPRIFICATION,The practice of hanging, upon the cultivated fig tree, branchesof the
wild fig infested with minute hymenopterous insects.
CAPRIFOLE,The woodbine or honeysuckle. Spenser.
CAPRIFOLIACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the Honeysuckle family ofplants
(Caprifoliacæ.
CAPRIFORM,Having the form of a goat.
CAPRIGENOUS,Of the goat kind.
CAPRINE,Of or pertaining to a goat; as, caprine gambols.
CAPRIOLE,A leap that a horse makes with all fours, upwards only, withoutadvancing,
but with a kick or jerk of the hind legs when at theheight of the leap.
CAPRIPED,Having feet like those of a goat.
CAPROATE,A salt of caproic acid.
CAPROIC,See under Capric.
CAPRYLATE,A salt of caprylic acid.
CAPRYLIC,See under Capric.
CAPSAICIN,A colorless crystalline substance extracted from the Capsicumannuum, and
giving off vapors of intense acridity.
CAPSHEAF,The top sheaf of a stack of grain: (fig.) the crowning orfinishing part of
a thing.
CAPSICIN,A red liquid or soft resin extracted from various species ofcapsicum.
CAPSICINE,A valatile alkaloid extracted from Capsicum annuum or fromcapsicin.
CAPSICUM,A genus of plants of many species, producing capsules or dryberries of
various forms, which have an exceedingly pungent, bitingtaste, and when ground form
the red of Cayenne pepper of commerce.
CAPSIZE,To upset or overturn, as a vessel or other body.But what if carrying sail
capsize the boat Byron.
CAPSQUARE,A metal covering plate which passes over the trunnions of acannon, and
holds it in place.
CAPSTAN,A vertical cleated drum or cylinder, revolving on an uprightspindle, and
surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for bars orlevers. It is much used,
especially on shipboard, for moving orraising heavy weights or exerting great power
by traction upon a ropeor cable, passing around the drum. It is operated either by
steampower or by a number of men walking around the capstan, each pushingon the end
of a lever fixed in its socket. [Sometimes spelt Capstern,but improperly.] Capstan
bar, one of the long bars or levers by whichthe capstan is worked; a handspike..--
To pawl the capstan, to drop the pawls so that they will catch inthe notches of the
pawl ring, and prevent the capstan from turningback.-- To rig the capstan, to
prepare the for use, by putting the barsin the sockets.-- To surge the capstan, to
slack the tension of the rope or cablewound around it.
CAPSTONE,A fossil echinus of the genus Cannulus; -- so called from itssupposed
resemblance to a cap.
CAPSULE,a dry fruit or pod which is made up of several parts orcarpels, and opens
to discharge the seeds, as, the capsule of thepoppy, the flax, the lily, etc.
CAPSULITIS,Inflammation of a capsule, as that of the crystalline lens.
CAPSULOTOMY,The incision of a capsule, esp. of that of the crystallinelens, as in a
cataract operation.
CAPTAIN,To act as captain of; to lead. [R.]Men who captained or accompanied the
exodus from existing forms.Lowell.
CAPTAINCY,The rank, post, or commission of a captain. Washington.Captaincy general,
the office, power, teritory, or jurisdiction of acaptain general; as, the captaincy
general of La Habana (Cuba and itsislands).
CAPTAINRY,Power, or command, over a certain district; chieftainship.[Obs.]
CAPTATION,A courting of favor or applause, by flattery or address; acaptivating
quality; an attraction. [Obs.]Without any of those dresses, or popular captations,
which some menuse in their speeches. Eikon Basilike.
CAPTION,That part of a legal instrument, as a commission, indictment,etc., which
shows where, when, and by what authority, it taken,found, or executed. Bouvier.
Wharton.
CAPTIOUSLY,In a captious manner.
CAPTIOUSNESS,Captious disposition or manner.
CAPTIVATE,Taken prisoner; made captive; insnared; charmed.Women have been captivate
ere now. Shak.
CAPTIVATING,Having power to captivate or cham; fascinating; as,
captivatingsmiles.-- Cap"tiva`ting*ly, adv.
CAPTIVATION,The act of captivating. [R.]The captivation of our understanding. Bp.
Hall.
CAPTIVE,To take prisoner; to capture.Their inhabitans slaughtered and captived.
Burke.
CAPTOR,One who captures any person or thing, as a prisoner or a prize.
CAPTURE,To seize or take possession of by force, surprise, orstratagem; to overcome
and hold; to secure by effort.Her heart is like some fortress that has been
captured. W. Ivring.
CAPUCCIO,A capoch or hood. [Obs.] Spenser.
CAPUCHED,Cover with, or as with, a hood. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CAPUCHIN,A Franciscan monk of the austere branch established in 1526 byMatteo di
Baschi, distinguished by wearing the long pointed cowl orcapoch of St. Francis.A
bare-footed and long-bearded capuchin. Sir W. Scott.
CAPUCINE,See Capuchin, 3.
CAPULET,Same as Capellet.
CAPULIN,The Mexican chery (Prunus Capollin).
CAPUT,The head; also, a knoblike protuberance or capitulum.
CAPYBARA,A large South American rodent (Hydrochærus capybara) Living onthe margins
of lakes and rivers. It is the largest extant rodent,being about three feet long,
and half that in height. It somewhatresembles the Guinea pig, to which it is
related; -- called alsocabiai and water hog.
CAR MILE,A mile traveled by a single car, taken as a unit ofcomputation, as in
computing the average travel of each car of asystem during a given period.
CAR WHEEL,A flanged wheel of a railway car or truck.
CAR,The stars also called Charles's Wain, the Great Bear, or theDipper.The Pleiads,
Hyads, and the Northern Car. Dryden.
CARABAO,The water buffalo. [Phil. Islands]
CARABID,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the genus Carbus or familyCarabidæ.-- n.
CARABINE,A carbine.
CARABINEER,A carbineer.
CARABOID,Like, or pertaining to the genus Carabus.
CARABUS,A genus of ground beetles, including numerous species. Theydevour many
injurious insects.
CARAC,See Carack.
CARACAL,A lynx (Felis, or Lynx, caracal.) It is a native of Africa andAsia. Its
ears are black externally, and tipped with long blackhairs.
CARACARA,A south American bird of several species and genera, resemblingboth the
eagles and the vultures. The caracaras act as scavengers,and are also called
carrion buzzards.
CARACK,A kind of large ship formerly used by the Spaniards andPortuguese in the
East India trade; a galleon. [Spelt also carrack.]The bigger whale like some huge
carrack law. Waller.
CARACOLE,A half turn which a horseman makes, either to the right or theleft.
CARACOLY,An alloy of gold, silver, and copper, of which an inferiorquality of
jewerly is made.
CARACUL,Var. of Karakul, a kind of fur.
CARAFE,A glass water bottle for the table or toilet; -- called alsocroft.
CARAMBOLA,An East Indian tree (Averrhoa Carambola), and its acid, juicyfruit;
called also Coromandel gooseberry.
CARAMEL,Burnt sugar; a brown or black porous substance obtained byheating sugar. It
is soluble in water, and is used for coloringspirits, gravies, etc.
CARANGOID,Belonging to the Carangidæ, a family of fishes allied to themackerels,
and including the caranx, American bluefish, and the pilotfish.
CARANX,A genus of fishes, common on the Atlantic coast, including theyellow or
goldon mackerel.
CARAPACE,The thick shell or sheild which cover the back of the tortoise,or turtle,
the crab, and other crustaceous animals.
CARAPATO,A south American tick of the genus Amblyamma. There are severalspecies,
very troublesome to man and beast.
CARAPAX,See Carapace.
CARAVANEER,The leader or driver of the camels in caravan.
CARAVANSARY,A kind of inn, in the East, where caravans rest at night, beinga large,
rude, unfurnished building, surrounding a court. [Writtenalso caravanserai and
caravansera.]
CARAVEL,A name given to several kinds of vessels.(a) The caravel of the 16th
century was a small vessel with broadbows, high, narrow poop, four masts, and
lateen sails. Columbuscommanded three caravels on his great voyage.(b) A Portuguese
vessel of 100 or 150 tons burden.(c) A small fishing boat used on the French coast.
(d) A Turkish man-of-war.
CARAWAY,A biennial plant of the Parsley family (Carum Carui). The seedshave an
aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste. They are used incookery and
confectionery, and also in medicine as a carminative.
CARBAMIC,Pertaining to an acid so called. Carbamic acid (Chem.), anamido acid,
NH2.CO2H, not existing in the free state, but occurringas a salt of ammonium in
commercial ammonium carbonate; -- calledalso amido formic acid.
CARBAMIDE,The technical name for urea.
CARBAMINE,An isocyanide of a hydrocarbon radical. The carbamines areliquids,
usually colorless, and of unendurable odor.
CARBANIL,A mobile liquid, CO.N.C6H5, of pungent odor. It is the phenylsalt of
isocyanic acid.
CARBAZOL,A white crystallized substance, C12H8NH, derived from anilineand other
amines.
CARBAZOTATE,A salt of carbazotic or picric acid; a picrate.
CARBAZOTIC,Containing, or derived from, carbon and nitrogen. Carbazoticacid
(Chem.), picric acid. See under Picric.
CARBIDE,A binary compound of carbon with some other element or radical,in which the
carbon plays the part of a negative; -- formerly termedcarburet.
CARBIMIDE,The technical name for isocyanic acid. See under Isocyanic.
CARBINE,A short, light musket or rifle, esp. one used by mountedsoldiers or
cavalry.
CARBINEER,A soldier armed with a carbine.
CARBINOL,Methyl alcohol, CH3OH; -- also, by extension, any one in thehomologous
series of paraffine alcohols of which methyl alcohol isthe type.
CARBOHYDRATE,One of a group of compounds including the sugars, starches, andgums,
which contain six (or some multiple of six) carbon atoms,united with a variable
number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but withthe two latter always in proportion as
to form water; as dextrose,C6H12O6.
CARBOHYDRIDE,A hydrocarbon.
CARBOLIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid derived from coal tarand other
sources; as, carbolic acid (called also phenic acid, andphenol). See Phenol.
CARBOLIZE,To apply carbonic acid to; to wash or treat with carbolic acid.
CARBON PROCESS,A printing process depending on the effect of light onbichromatized
gelatin. Paper coated with a mixture of the gelatin anda pigment is called carbon
paper or carbon tissue. This is exposedunder a negative and the film is transferred
from the paper to someother support and developed by washing (the unexposed
portions beingdissolved away). If the process stops here it is called
singletransfer; if the image is afterward transferred in order to give anunreversed
print, the method is called double transfer.
CARBON STEEL,Steel deriving its qualities from carbon chiefly, without thepresence
of other alloying elements; --opposed to alloy steel.
CARBON TRANSMITTER,A telephone transmitter in which a carbon contact is used.
CARBON,An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which ispresent in all
organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. itis combustible, and forms the
base of lampblack and charcoal, andenters largely into mineral coals. In its pure
crystallized state itconstitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances,
occuring inmonometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification
isgraphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs inhexagonal prisms or
tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbondioxide, commonly called carbonic
acid, or carbonic oxide, accordingto the proportions of the oxygen; when united
with hydrogen, it formsvarious compounds called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and
Graphite.Carbon compounds, Compounds of carbon (Chem.), those compoundsconsisting
largely of carbon, commonly produced by animals andplants, and hence called organic
compounds, though their synthesismay be effected in many cases in the
laboratory.The formation of the compounds of carbon is not dependent upon thelife
process. I. Remsen-Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide. (Chem.) See under Carbonic.--
Carbon light (Elec.), an extremely brilliant electric lightproduced by passing a
galvanic current through two carbon points keptconstantly with their apexes neary
in contact.-- Carbon point (Elec.), a small cylinder or bit of gas carbon
movedforward by clockwork so that, as it is burned away by the electriccurrent, it
shall contantly maintain its proper relation to theopposing point.-- Carbon tissue,
paper coated with gelatine and pigment, used inthe autotype process of photography.
Abney.-- Gas carbon, a compact variety of carbon obtained as anincrustation on the
interior of gas retorts, and used for themanufacture of the carbon rods of pencils
for the voltaic, arc, andfor the plates of voltaic batteries, etc.
CARBONACEOUS,Pertaining to, containing, or composed of, carbon.
CARBONADO,A black variety of diamond, found in Brazil, and used fordiamond drills.
It occurs in irregular or rounded fragments, rarelydistinctly crystallized, with a
texture varying from compact toporous.
CARBONARISM,The principles, practices, or organization of the Carbonari.
CARBONARO,A member of a secret political association in Italy, organizedin the
early part of the nineteenth centry for the purpose ofchanging the government into
a republic.
CARBONATATION,The saturation of defecated beet juice with carbonic acid gas.Knight.
CARBONATE,A salt or carbonic acid, as in limestone, some forms of leadore, etc.
CARBONATED,Combined or impregnated with carbonic acid.
CARBONE,To broil. [Obs.] "We had a calf's head carboned". Pepys.
CARBONIC,Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonicoxide. Carbonic
acid (Chem.), an acid H2CO3, not existing separately,which, combined with positive
or basic atoms or radicals, formscarbonates. On common language the term is very
generally applied toa compound of carbon and oxygen, CO2, more correctly called
carbondioxide. It is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishingflame, and
when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced to a liquidand solid form by intense
pressure. It is produced in thefermentation of liquors, and by the combustion and
decomposition oforganic substances, or other substances containing carbon. It
isformed in the explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hance calledafter damp; it
is also know as choke damp, and mephilic air. Waterwill absorb its own volume of
it, and more than this under pressure,and in this state becomes the common soda
water of the shops, and thecarbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime
itconstitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants imbibe itfor their
nutrition and growth, the carbon being retained and theoxygen given out.-- Carbonic
oxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, CO, of a light odor,called more correctly carbon
monoxide. It is almost the onlydefinitely known compound in which carbon seems to
be divalent. It isa product of the incomplete combustion of carbon, and is an
abundantconstituent of water gas. It is fatal to animal life,
extinguishescombustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming carbon dioxide.
CARBONIDE,A carbide. [R.]
CARBONIFEROUS,Producing or containing carbon or coal. Carboniferous age(Geol.), the
age immediately following the Devonian, or Age offishes, and characterized by the
vegatation which formed the coalbeds. This age embraces three periods, the
Subcarboniferous, theCarboniferous, and Permian. See Age of acrogens, under
Acrogen.-- Carboniferous formation (Geol.), the series of rocks
(includingsandstones, shales, limestones, and conglomerates, with beds of
coal)which make up the strata of the Carboniferous age or period. See theDiagram
under Geology.
CARBONITE,An explosive consisting essentially of nitroglycerin, woodmeal, and some
nitrate, as that of sodium.
CARBONIZATION,The act or process of carbonizing.
CARBONOMETER,An instrument for detecting and measuring the amount of carbonwhich is
present, or more esp. the amount of carbon dioxide, by itsaction on limewater or by
other means.
CARBONYL,The radical (CO)'\'b7, occuring, always combined, in manycompounds, as the
aldehydes, the ketones, urea, carbonyl chloride,etc.
CARBORUNDUM,A beautiful crystalline compound, SiC, consisting of carbon andsilicon
in combination; carbon silicide. It is made by heating carbonand sand together in
an electric furnace. The commercial article isdark-colored and iridescent. It is
harder than emery, and is used asan abrasive.
CARBOSTYRIL,A white crystalline substance, C9H6N.OH, of acid propertiesderived from
one of the amido cinnamic acids.
CARBOXIDE,A compound of carbon and oxygen, as carbonyl, with some elementor
radical; as, potassium carboxide. Potassium carboxide, a grayishexplosive
crystalline compound, C6O6K, obtained by passing carbonmonoxide over heated
potassium.
CARBOXYL,The complex radical, CO.OH, regarded as the essential andcharacteristic
constituent which all oxygen acids of carbon (asformic, acetic, benzoic acids,
etc.) have in common; -- called alsooxatyl.
CARBOY,A large, globular glass bottle, esp. one of green glass,inclosed in basket
work or in a box, for protection; -- used commonlyfor carrying corrosive liquids;
as sulphuric acid, etc.
CARBUNCLE,A beautiful gem of a deep red color (with a mixture of scarlet)called by
the Greeks anthrax; found in the East Indies. When held upto the sun, it loses its
deep tinge, and becomes of the color ofburning coal. The name belongs for the most
part to ruby sapphire,though it has been also given to red spinel and garnet.
CARBUNCULAR,Belonging to a carbuncle; resembling a carbuncle; red;inflamed.
CARBUNCULATION,The blasting of the young buds of trees or plants, by excessiveheat
or caold. Harris.
CARBURET,A carbide. See Carbide [Archaic]
CARBURETANT,Any volatile liquid used in charging illuminating gases.
CARBURETED,Combined with carbon in the manner of a carburet or carbide.
CARBURETOR,An apparatus in which coal gas, hydrogen, or air is passedthrough or
over a volatile hydrocarbon, in order to confer orincrease illuminating power.
[Written also carburettor.]
CARBURIZATION,The act, process, or result of carburizing.
CARBURIZE,To combine wtih carbon or a carbon compound; -- said esp. of aprocess for
conferring a higher degree of illuminating power oncombustible gases by mingling
them with a vapor of valatilehydrocarbons.
CARCAJOU,The wolverence; -- also applied, but erroneously, to the Canadalynx, and
sometimes to the American badger. See Wolverene.
CARCANET,A jeweled chain, necklace, or collar. [Also written carkenetand carcant.]
Shak.
CARCASE,See Carcass.
CARCASS,A hollow case or shell, filled with combustibles, to be thrownfrom a mortar
or howitzer, to set fire to buldings, ships, etc.A discharge of carcasses and
bombshells. W. Iving.
CARCAVELHOS,A sweet wine. See Calcavella.
CARCEL LAMP,A French mechanical lamp, for lighthouses, in which asuperbundance of
oil is pumped to the wick tube by clockwork.
CARCELAGE,Prison fees. [Obs.]
CARCERAL,Belonging a prison. [R.] Foxe.
CARCINOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to carcinology.
CARCINOLOGY,The depertment of zoölogy which treats of the Crustacea(lobsters,
crabs, etc.); -- called also malacostracology andcrustaceology.
CARCINOMA,A cancer. By some medical writers, the term is applied to anindolent
tumor. See Cancer. Dunglison.
CARCINOMATOUS,Of or pertaining to carcinoma.
CARCINOSYS,The affection of the system with cancer.
CARD,A perforated pasteboard or sheet-metal plate for warp threads,making part of
the Jacquard apparatus of a loom. See Jacquard.
CARDAMINE,A genus of cruciferous plants, containing the lady's-smock,cuckooflower,
bitter cress, meadow cress, etc.
CARDAMOM,A plant which prduces cardamoms, esp. Elettaria Cardamomum andseveral of
Amommum.
CARDBOARD,A stiff compact pasteboard of various qualities, for makingcards, etc.,
often having a polished surface.
CARDCASE,A case for visiting cards.
CARDECU,A quarter of a crown. [Obs.]The bunch of them were not worth a cardecu. Sir
W. Scott.
CARDER,One who, or that which cards wool flax, etc. Shak.
CARDIAC,Pertaining to, resembling, or hear the heart; as, the cardiacarteries; the
cardiac, or left, end of the stomach.
CARDIACAL,Cardiac.
CARDIACLE,A pain about the heart. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CARDIAGRAPH,See Cardiograph.
CARDIGAN JACKET,A warm jacket of knit worsted with or without sleeves.
CARDINAL,Of fundamental importance; preëminet; superior; chief;principal.The
cardinal intersections of the zodiac. Sir T. Browne.Impudence is now a cardinal
virtue. Drayton.But cardinal sins, and hollow hearts, I fear ye. Shak.Cardinal
numbers, the numbers one, two, three, etc., in distinctionfrom first, second,
third, etc., which are called ordinal numbers.-- Cardinal points (a) (Geol.) The
four principal points of thecompass, or intersections of the horizon with the
meridian and theprime vertical circle, north, south east, and west. (b) (Astrol.)
Therising and setting of the sun, the zenith and nadir.-- Cardinal signs (Astron.)
Aries, Lidra, Cancer, and Capricorn.-- Cardinal teeth (Zoöl.), the central teeth of
bivalve shell. SeeBivalve.-- Cardinal veins (Anat.), the veins in vertebrate
embryos, whichrun each side of the vertebral column and returm the blood to
theheart. They remain through life in some fishes.-- Cardinal virtues, preëminent
virtues; among the ancients,prudence, justice, temperance, and fortitude.--
Cardinal winds, winds which blow from the cardinal points duenorth, south, east, or
west.
CARDINALATE,The office, rank, or dignity of a cardinal.
CARDINALIZE,To exalt to the office of a cardinal. Sheldon.
CARDINALSHIP,The condition, dignity, of office of a cardinal
CARDIOGRAM,The curve or tracing made by a cardiograph.
CARDIOGRAPH,An instrument which, when placed in contact with the chest,will
register graphically the comparative duration and intensity ofthe heart's
movements.
CARDIOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to, or produced by, a cardiograph.
CARDIOID,An algebraic curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart.
CARDIOINHIBITORY,Checking or arresting the heart's action.
CARDIOLGY,The science which treats of the heart and its functions.
CARDIOMETRY,Measurement of the heart, as by percussion or auscultation.
CARDIOSCLEROSIS,Induration of the heart, caused by development of fibroustissue in
the cardiac muscle.
CARDIOSPHYGMOGRAPH,A combination of cardiograph and shygmograph.
CARDITIS,Inflammation of the fleshy or muscular substance of the heart.See
Endocardris and Pericarditis. Dunglison.
CARDOL,A yellow oil liquid, extracted from the shell of the cashewnut.
CARDOON,A large herbaceos plant (Cynara Cardunculus) related to theartichoke; --
used in cookery and as a sald.
CARE,To be anxious or solictous; to be concerned; to have regard orinterest; --
sometimes followed by an objective of measure.I would not care a pin, if the other
three were in. Shak.Master, carest thou not that we perish Mark. iv. 38.To care
for. (a) To have under watchful attention; to take care of.(b) To have regard or
affection for; to like or love.He cared not for the affection of the house.
Tennyson.
CARE-TUNED,Weary; mournful. Shak.
CAREEN,To cause (a vessel) to lean over so that she floats on oneside, leaving the
other side out of water and accessible for repairsbelow the water line; to case to
be off the keel.
CAREER,The fight of a hawk.
CAREFULLY,In a careful manner.
CAREFULNESS,Quality or state of being careful.
CARELESSLY,In a careless manner.
CARELESSNESS,The quality or state of being careless; heedlessness;negligenece;
inattention.
CARENE,A fast of forty days on bread and water. [Obs.]
CARESS,An act of endearment; any act or expression of affection; anembracing, or
touching, with tenderness.Wooed her with his soft caresses. Langfellow.He exerted
himself to win by indulgence and caresses the hearts ofall who were under his
command. Macaulay.
CARESSINGLY,In caressing manner.
CARET,A mark [^] used by writers and proof readers to indicate thatsomething is
interlined above, or inserted in the margin, whichbelongs in the place marked by
the caret.
CARETUNED,Weary; mournful. Shak.
CAREWORN,Worn or burdened with care; as, careworn look or face.
CAREX,A numerous and widely distributed genus of perennial herbaceousplants of the
order Cypreaceæ; the sedges.
CARF,pret. of Carve. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CARGASON,A cargo. [Obs.]
CARGO,The lading or freight of a ship or other vessel; the goods,merchandise, or
whatever is conveyed in a vessel or boat; load;freight.Cargoes of food or clothing.
E. Everett.
CARGOOSE,A species of grebe (Podiceps crisratus); the crested grebe.
CARIAMA,A large, long-legged South American bird (Dicholophuscristatus) which preys
upon snakes, etc. See Seriema.
CARIB,A native of the Caribbee islands or the coaste of the Caribbeansea; esp., one
of a tribe of Indians inhabiting a region of SouthAmerica, north of the Amazon, and
formerly most of the West Indiaislands.
CARIBBEE,A Carib.
CARIBE,A south American fresh water fish of the genus Serrasalmo ofmany species,
remakable for its voracity. When numerous they attackman or beast, often with fatal
results.
CARIBOU,The American reindeer, especially the common or woodlandspecies (Rangifer
Caribou). Barren Ground caribou. See under Barren.-- Woodland caribou, the common
reindeer (Rangifer Caribou) of thenorthern forests of America.
CARICATURE,To make or draw a caricature of; to represent with
ridiculousexaggeration; to burlesque.He could draw an ill face, or caricature a
good one, with a masterlyhand. Lord Lyttelton.
CARICATURIST,One who caricatures.
CARICOUS,Of the shape of a fig; as, a caricous tumor. Graig.
CARIES,Ulceration of bone; a process in which bone disintegrates andis carried away
piecemeal, as distinguished from necrosis, in whichit dies in masses.
CARILLON,A chime of bells diatonically tuned, played by clockwork or byfinger keys.
CARINA,A keel.(a) That part of a papilionaceous flower, consisting of two
petals,commonly united, which incloses the organs of fructification.(b) A
longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a boat.
CARINARIA,A genus of oceanic heteropod Mollusca, having a thin, glassy,bonnet-
shaped shell, which covers only the nucleus and gills.
CARINATAE,A grand division of birds, including all existing flying birds;-- So
called from the carina or keel on the breastbone.
CARIOPSIS,See Caryopsis.
CARIOSITY,Caries.
CARIOUS,Affected with caries; decaying; as, a carious tooth.
CARK,A noxious or corroding care; solicitude; worry. [Archaic.]His heavy head,
devoid of careful cark. Spenser.Fling cark and care aside. Motherwell.Ereedom from
the cares of money and the cark of fashion. R. D.Blackmore.
CARKANET,A carcanet. Southey.
CARKING,Distressing; worrying; perplexing; corroding; as, carkingcares.
CARL,A kind of food. See citation, below.Caring or carl are gray steeped in water
and fried the next day inbutter or fat. They are eaten on the second Sunday before
Easter,formerly called Carl Sunday. Robinson's Whitby Glossary (1875).
CARLIN,An old woman. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
CARLINE THISTLE,A prickly plant of the genus Carlina (C. vulgaris), found inEurope
and Asia.
CARLINGS,Same as Carl, 3. Carling Sunday, a Sunday in Lent when carlsare eaten. In
some parts of England, Passion Sunday. See Carl, 4.
CARLIST,A parisan of Charles X. Of France, or of Dod Carlos of Spain.
CARLOCK,A sort of Russian isinglass, made from the air bladder of thesturgeon, and
used in clarifying wine.
CARLOT,A churl; a boor; a peasant or countryman. [Obs.] Shak.
CARLOVINGIAN,Pertaining to, founded by, of descended from, Charlemagne; as,the
Carlovingian race of kings.
CARMAN,A man whose employment is to drive, or to convey goods in, acar or car.
CARMELITE,A friar of a mendicant order (the Order of Our Lady of MountCarmel)
established on Mount Carmel, in Syria, in the twelfthcentury; a White Friar.
CARMINATED,Of, relating to, or mixed with, carmine; as, carminated lake.Tomlinson.
CARMINATIVE,Expelling wind from the body; warning; antispasmodic."Carmenative hot
seeds." Dunglison.
CARMINE,The essential coloring principle of cochineal, extracted as apurple-red
amorphous mass. It is a glucoside and possesses acidproperties; -- hence called
also carminic acid. Carmine red (Chem.),a coloring matter obtained from carmine as
a purple-red substance,and probably allied to the phthaleïns.
CARMINIC,Of or pertaining to, or derived from, carmine. Carminic acid.Same as
Carmine, 3.
CARMOT,The matter of which the philosopher's stone was believed to becomposed.
CARNAL-MINDED,Worldly-minded.
CARNAL-MINDEDNESS,Grossness of mind.
CARNALISM,The state of being carnal; carnality; sensualism. [R.]
CARNALIST,A sensualist. Burton.
CARNALITY,The state of being carnal; fleshly lust, or the indulgence oflust;
grossness of mind.Because of the carnality of their hearts. Tillotson.
CARNALIZE,To make carnal; to debase to carnality.A sensual and carnalized spirit.
John Scott.
CARNALLITE,A hydrous chloride of potassium and magnesium, sometimes foundassociated
with deposits of rock salt.
CARNALLY,According to the flesh, to the world, or to human nature; in amanner to
gratify animal appetites and lusts; sensually.For to be carnally minded is death;
but to be spiritually minded islife and peace. Rom. viii. 6.
CARNARY,A vault or crypt in connection with a church, used as arepository for human
bones disintered from their original burialplaces; a charnel house.
CARNASSIAL,Adapted to eating flesh.-- n.
CARNATE,Invested with, or embodied in, flesh.
CARNATION,Those parts of a picture in which the human body or any part ofit is
represented in full color; the flesh tints.The flesh tints in painting are termed
carnations. Fairholt.
CARNATIONED,Having a flesh color.
CARNAUBA,The Brazilian wax palm. See Wax palm.
CARNELIAN,A variety of chalcedony, of a clear, deep red, flesh red, orreddish white
color. It is moderately hard, capable of a good polish,and often used for seals.
CARNEOUS,Consisting of, or like, flesh; carnous; fleshy. "Carneousfibers." Ray.
CARNEY,A disease of horses, on which the mouth is so furred that theafflicted
animal can not eat.
CARNIC,Of or pertaining to flesh; specif. (Physiol. Chem.),
CARNIFEX,The public executioner at Rome, who executed persons of thelowest rank;
hence, an executioner or hangman.
CARNIFICATION,The act or process of turning to flesh, or to a substanceresembling
flesh.
CARNIFY,To form flesh; to become like flesh. Sir M. Hale.
CARNIN,A white crystalline nitrogenous substance, found in extract ofmeat, and
related to xanthin.
CARNIVORA,An order of Mammallia including the lion, tiger, wolf bear,seal, etc.
They are adapted by their structure to feed upon flesh,though some of them, as the
bears, also eat vegetable food. The teethare large and sharp, suitable for cutting
flesh, and the jawspowerful.
CARNIVORACITY,Greediness of appetite for flesh. [Sportive.] Pope.
CARNIVORE,One of the Carnivora.
CARNIVOROUS,Eating or feeding on flesh. The term is applied: (a) to animalswhich
naturally seek flesh for food, as the tiger, dog, etc.; (b) toplants which are
supposed to absorb animal food; (c) to substanceswhich destroy animal tissue, as
caustics.
CARNOSITY,A fleshy excrescence; esp. a small excrescence or fungousgrowth. Wiseman.
CAROB,An evergreen leguminous tree (Ceratania Siliqua) found in thecountries
bordering the Mediterranean; the St. John's bread; --called also carob tree.
CAROCHE,A kind of pleasure carriage; a coach. [Obs.]To mount two-wheeled caroches.
Butler.
CAROCHED,Placed in a caroche. [Obs.]Beggary rides caroched. Massenger.
CAROIGNE,Dead body; carrion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CAROL,To sing; esp. to sing joyfully; to warble.And carol of love's high praise.
Spenser.The gray linnets carol from the hill. Beattie.
CAROLIN,A former gold coin of Germany worth nearly five dollars; also,a gold coin
of Sweden worth nearly five dollars.
CAROLINA PINK,See Pinkboot.
CAROLINE,A coin. See Carline.
CAROLING,A song of joy or devotion; a singing, as of carols. Coleridge.Such
heavenly notes and carolings. Spenser.
CAROLINIAN,A native or inhabitant of north or South Carolina.
CAROLITIC,Adorned with sculptured leaves and branches.
CAROLUS,An English gold coin of the value of twenty or twenty-threeshillings. It
was first struck in the reign of Charles I.Told down the crowns and Caroluses.
Macawlay.
CAROM,A shot in which the ball struck with the cue comes in contactwith two or more
balls on the table; a hitting of two or more ballswith the player's ball. In
England it is called cannon.
CAROMEL,See Caramel.
CAROTEEL,A tierce or cask for dried fruits, etc., usually about 700 lbs.Simmonds.
CAROTIC,Carotid; as, the carotic arteries.
CAROTID,One of the two main arteries of the neck, by which blood isconveyed from
the aorta to the head.
CAROTIN,A red crystallizable tasteless substance, extracted from thecarrot.
CAROTTE,A cylindrical roll of tobacco; as, a carotte of perique.
CAROUSAL,A jovial feast or festival; a drunken revel; a carouse.The swains were
preparing for a carousal. Sterne.
CAROUSE,To drink deeply or freely in compliment; to take in a carousal;to engage in
drunken revels.He had been aboard, carousing to his mates. Shak.
CAROUSER,One who carouses; a reveler.
CAROUSING,That carouses; relating to a carouse.
CAROUSINGLY,In the manner of a carouser.
CARP,A fresh-water herbivorous fish (Cyprinus carpio.). Severalother species of
Cyprinus, Catla, and Carassius are called carp. SeeCruclan carp.
CARPAL,Of or pertaining to the carpus, or wrist.-- n.
CARPALE,One of the bones or cartilages of the carpus; esp. one of theseries
articulating with the metacarpals.
CARPATHIAN,Of or pertaining to a range of mountains in Austro-Hungary,called the
Carpathians, which partially inclose Hungary on the north,east, and south.
CARPELLARY,Belonging to, forming, or containing carpels.
CARPENTER,An artificer who works in timber; a framer and builder ofhouses, ships,
etc.
CARPENTERING,The occupation or work of a carpenter; the act of workingintimber;
carpentry.
CARPER,One who carps; a caviler. Shak.
CARPET,To cover with, or as with, a carpet; to spread with carpets; tofurnish with
a carpet or carpets.Carpeted temples in fashionable squares. E. Everett.
CARPETBAG,A portable bag for travelers; -- so called because originallymade of
carpet.
CARPETBAGGER,An adventurer; -- a term of contempt for a Northern man seekingprivate
gain or political advancement in the southern part of theUnited States after the
Civil War (1865). [U. S.]
CARPETING,1. The act of covering with carpets.
CARPETLESS,Without a carpet.
CARPETWAY,A border of greensward left round the margin of a plowed field.Ray.
CARPHOLOGY,See Flaccillation.
CARPING,Fault-finding; censorious caviling. See Captious.-- Carp"ing*ly, adv.
CARPINTERO,A california woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus), noted forits habit of
inserting acorns in holes which it drills in trees. Theacorns become infested by
insect larvæ, which, when grown, areextracted for food by the bird.
CARPOGENIC,Productive of fruit, or causing fruit to be developed.
CARPOLITE,A general term for a fossil fruit, nut, or seed.
CARPOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to carpology.
CARPOLOGIST,One who describes fruits; one versed in carpology.
CARPOLOGY,That branch of botany which relates to the structure of seedsand fruit.
CARPOPHAGOUS,Living on fruits; fruit-consuming.
CARPOPHORE,A slender prolongation of the receptacle as an axis between thecarpels,
as in Geranium and many umbelliferous plants.
CARPOPHYLL,A leaf converted into a fruit or a constituent portion of afruit; a
carpel.
CARPOPHYTE,A flowerless plant which forms a true fruit as the result
offertilization, as the red seaweeds, the Ascomycetes, etc.
CARPOSPORE,A kind of spore formed in the conceptacles of red algæ.-- Car`po*spor"ic
(, a.
CARPUS,The wrist; the bones or cartilages between the forearm, orantibrachium, and
the hand or forefoot; in man, consisting of eightshort bones disposed in two rows.
CARRACK,See Carack.
CARRANCHA,The Brazilian kite (Polyborus Brasiliensis); -- so called inimitation of
its notes.
CARRAWAY,See Caraway.
CARREL,See Quarrel, an arrow.
CARRIABLE,Capable of being carried.
CARRIAGEABLE,Passable by carriages; that can be conveyed in carriages. [R.]Ruskin.
CARRIBOO,See Caribou.
CARRICK,A carack. See Carack. Carrick bend (Naut.), a kind of knot,used for bending
together hawsers or other ropes.-- Carrick bitts (Naut.), the bitts which support
the windlass.Totten.
CARRIER,That which drives or carries; as: (a) A piece whichcommunicates to an
object in a lathe the motion of the face plate; alathe dog. (b) A spool holder or
bobbin holder in a braiding machine.(c) A movable piece in magazine guns which
transfers the cartridge toa position from which it can be thrust into the barrel.
Carrierpigeon (Zoöl.), a variety of the domestic pigeon used to conveyletters from
a distant point to to its home.-- Carrier shell (Zoöl.), a univalve shell of the
genus Phorus; --so called because it fastens bits of stones and broken shells to
itsown shell, to such an extent as almost to conceal it.-- Common carrier (Law.)
See under Common, a.
CARRION,Of or pertaining to dead and putrefying carcasses; feeding oncarrion.A prey
for carrion kites. Shak.Carrion beetle (Zoöl.), any beetle that feeds habitually on
deadanimals; -- also called sexton beetle and burying beetle. There aremany kinds,
belonging mostly to the family Silphidæ.-- Carrion buzzard (Zoöl.), a South
American bird of several speciesand genera (as Ibycter, Milvago, and Polyborus),
which act asscavengers. See Caracara.-- Carrion crow, the common European crow
(Corvus corone) whichfeeds on carrion, insects, fruits, and seeds.
CARROL,See 4th Carol.
CARROM,See Carom.
CARROMATA,In the Philippines, a light, two-wheeled, boxlike vehicleusually drawn by
a single native pony and used to convey passengerswithin city limits or for
traveling. It is the common publiccarriage.
CARRON OIL,A lotion of linseed oil and lime water, used as an applicationto burns
and scalds; -- first used at the Carron iron works inScotland.
CARRONADE,A kind of short cannon, formerly in use, designed to throw alarge
projectile with small velocity, used for the purpose ofbreaking or smashing in,
rather than piercing, the object aimed at,as the side of a ship. It has no
trunnions, but is supported on itscarriage by a bolt passing through a loop on its
under side.
CARROT,An umbelliferous biennial plant (Daucus Carota), of manyvarieties.
CARROTY,Like a carrot in color or in taste; -- an epithet given toreddish yellow
hair, etc.
CARROW,A strolling gamester. [Ireland] Spenser.
CARRY,To have earth or frost stick to the feet when running, as ahare. Johnson. To
carry on, to behave in a wild, rude, or rompingmanner. [Colloq.]
CARRYALL,A light covered carriage, having four wheels and seats for fouror more
persons, usually drawn by one horse.
CARRYING,The act or business of transporting from one place to another.Carrying
place, a carry; a portage.-- Carrying trade, the business of transporting goods,
etc., fromone place or country to another by water or land; freighting.We are
rivals with them in . . . the carrying trade. Jay.
CARRYK,A carack. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CARRYTALE,A talebearer. [R.] Shak.
CARSE,Low, fertile land; a river valley. [Scot.] Jomieson.
CART,To carry burdens in a cart; to follow the business of a carter.
CARTBOTE,Wood to which a tenant is entitled for making and repairingcarts and other
instruments of husbandry.
CARTE BLANCHE,A blank paper, with a person's signature, etc., at the bottom,given
to another person, with permission to superscribe whatconditions he pleases. Hence:
Unconditional terms; unlimitedauthority.
CARTE QUARTE,A position in thrusting or parrying, with the inside of thehand turned
upward and the point of the weapon toward the adversary'sright breast.
CARTEL,An agreement between belligerents for the exchange ofprisoners. Wilhelm.
CARTESIAN,Of or pertaining to the French philosopher René Descartes, orhis
philosophy.The Cartesion argument for reality of matter. Sir W. Hamilton.Cartesian
coördinates (Geom), distance of a point from lines orplanes; -- used in a system of
representing geometric quantities,invented by Descartes.-- Cartesian devil, a small
hollow glass figure, used in connectionwith a jar of water having an elastic top,
to illustrate the effectof the compression or expansion of air in changing the
specificgravity of bodies.-- Cartesion oval (Geom.), a curve such that, for any
point of thecurve mr + m'r' = c, where r and r' are the distances of the pointfrom
the two foci and m, m' and c are constant; -- used by Descartes.
CARTESIANISM,The philosophy of Descartes.
CARTHAGINIAN,Of a pertaining to ancient Carthage, a city of northern Africa.-- n.
CARTHAMIN,A red coloring matter obtained from the safflower, or
Carthamustinctorius.
CARTHUSIAN,A member of an exceeding austere religious order, founded atChartreuse
in France by St. Bruno, in the year 1086.
CARTILAGE,A translucent, elastic tissue; gristle.
CARTILAGINEOUS,See Cartilaginous. Ray.
CARTILAGINIFICATION,The act or process of forming cartilage. Wright.
CARTILAGINOUS,Having the skeleton in the state of cartilage, the bonescontaining
little or no calcareous matter; said of certain fishes, asthe sturgeon and the
sharks.
CARTIST,In Spain and Portugal, one who supports the constitution.
CARTMAN,One who drives or uses a cart; a teamster; a carter.
CARTOGRAM,A map showing geographically, by shades or curves, statisticsof various
kinds; a statistical map.
CARTOGRAPHER,One who make charts or maps.
CARTOGRAPHICALLY,By cartography.
CARTOGRAPHY,The act business of forming chart's or maps.
CARTOMANCY,The act of telling fortunes with cards.
CARTON,Pasteboard for paper boxes; also, a pasteboard box. Cartonpierre (, a
species of papier-maché, imitating stone or bronzesculpture. Knight.
CARTOONIST,One skilled in drawing cartoons.
CARTOUCH,An oval figure on monuments, and in papyri, containing the nameof a
sovereign.
CARTRIDGE,A complete charge for a firearm, contained in, or held togetherby, a
case, capsule, or shell of metal, pasteboard, or othermaterial. Ball cartridge, a
cartridge containing a projectile.-- Blank cartrige, a cartridge without a
projectile, -- Center-firecartridge, a cartridge in which the fulminate occupies an
axialposition usually in the center of the base of the capsule, instead ofbeing
contained in its rim. In the Prussian needle gun the fulminateis applied to the
middle of the base of the bullet. Rim-firecartridge, a cartridge in which the
fulminate is contained in a rimsurrounding its base.-- Cartridge bag, a bag of
woolen cloth, to hold a charge for acannon.-- Cartridge belt, a belt having pocket
for cartridges.-- Cartridge box, a case, usually of leather, attached to a belt
orstrap, for holding cartridges.-- Cartridge paper. (a) A thick stout paper for
inclosingcartridges. (b) A rough tinted paper used for covering walls, andalso for
making drawings upon.
CARTULARY,Defn:
CARTWAY,A way or road for carts.
CARTWRIGHT,An artificer who makes carts; a cart maker.
CARUCAGE,A tax on every plow or plowland.
CARUCATE,A plowland; as much land as one team can plow in a year and aday; -- by
some said to be about 100 acres. Burrill.
CARUS,Coma with complete insensibility; deep lethargy.
CARVACROL,A thick oily liquid, C10H13.OH, of a strong taste anddisagreeable odor,
obtained from oil of caraway (Carum carui).
CARVE,A carucate. [Obs.] Burrill.
CARVELBUILT,Having the planks meet flush at the seams, instead of lappingas in a
clinker-built vessel.
CARVEN,Wrought by carving; ornamented by carvings; carved. [Poetic]A carven bowl
well wrought of beechen tree. Bp. Hall.The carven cedarn doors. Tennyson.A screen
of carven ivory. Mrs. Browning.
CARVENE,An oily substance, C10H16, extracted from oil caraway.
CARVIST,A hawk which is of proper age and training to be carried on thehand; a hawk
in its first year. Booth.
CARVOL,One of a species of aromatic oils, resembling carvacrol.
CARYATID,(Arch.) A draped female figure supporting an entablature, inthe place of a
column or pilaster.
CARYATIDES,Caryatids.
CARYOPHYLLIN,A tasteless and odorless crystalline substance, extracted fromcloves,
polymeric with common camphor.
CARYOPHYLLOUS,Caryophyllaceous.
CARYOPSIS,A one-celled, dry, indehiscent fruit, with a thin membranouspericarp,
adhering closely to the seed, so that fruit and seed areincorporated in one body,
forming a single grain, as of wheat,barley, etc.
CASA,A house or mansion. [Sp. Amer. & Phil. Islands]
CASAL,Of or pertaining to case; as, a casal ending.
CASCABEL,The projection in rear of the breech of a cannon, usually aknob or
breeching loop connected with the gun by a neck. In oldwriters it included all in
rear of the base ring.
CASCADE METHOD,A method of attaining successively lower temperatures byutilizing
the cooling effect of the expansion of one gas incondensing another less easily
liquefiable, and so on.
CASCADE SYSTEM,A system or method of connecting and operating two inductionmotors
so that the primary circuit of one is connected to thesecondary circuit of the
other, the primary circuit of the latterbeing connected to the source of supply;
also, a system of electrictraction in which motors so connected are employed. The
cascadesystem is also called tandem, or concatenated, system; the connectiona
cascade, tandem, or concatenated, connection, or a concatenation;and the control of
the motors so obtained a tandem, or concatenation,control. In the cascade system of
traction the cascade connection isused for starting and for low speeds up to half
speed. For full speedthe short-circuited motor is cut loose from the other motor
and iseither left idle or (commonly) connected direct to the line.
CASCADE,A fall of water over a precipice, as in a river or brook; awaterfall less
than a cataract.The silver brook . . . pours the white cascade. Longjellow.Now
murm'ring soft, now roaring in cascade. Cawper.
CASCALHO,A deposit of pebbles, gravel, and ferruginous sand, in whichthe Brazilian
diamond is usually found.
CASCARA BUCKTHORN,The buckthorn (Rhamnus Purshiana) of the Pacific coast of
theUnited States, which yields cascara sagrada.
CASCARA SAGRADA,Holy bark; the bark of the California buckthorn
(RhamnusPurshianus), used as a mild cathartic or laxative.
CASCARILLA,A euphorbiaceous West Indian shrub (Croton Eleutheria); also,its
aromatic bark. Cascarilla bark (or Cascarila) (Med.), the bark ofCroton Eleutheria.
It has an aromatic odor and a warm, spicy, bittertaste, and when burnt emits a
musky odor. It is used as a gentletonic, and sometimes, for the sake of its
fragrance, mixed withsmoking tobacco, when it is said to occasion vertigo
andintoxication.
CASCARILLIN,A white, crystallizable, bitter substance extracted from oil
ofcascarilla.
CASCARON,Lit., an eggshell; hence, an eggshell filled with confetti tobe thrown
during balls, carnivals, etc. [Western U. S.]
CASE SHOT,A collection of small projectiles, inclosed in a case orcanister.
CASE SYSTEM,The system of teaching law in which the instruction isprimarily a
historical and inductive study of leading or selectedcases, with or without the use
of textbooks for reference andcollateral reading.
CASE,A shallow tray divided into compartments or "boxes" for holdingtype.
CASEATION,A degeneration of animal tissue into a cheesy or curdy mass.
CASEHARDENING,The act or process of converting the surface of iron intosteel. Ure.
CASEIC,OF or pertaining to cheese; as, caseic acid.
CASEIN,A proteid substance present in both the animal and thevegetable kingdom. In
the animal kindom it is chiefly found in milk,and constitutes the main part of the
curd separated by rennet; in thevegetable kingdom it is found more or less
abundantly in the seeds ofleguminous plants. Its reactions resemble those of alkali
albumin.[Written also caseine.]
CASEMATE,A bombproof chamber, usually of masonry, in which cannon may beplaced, to
be fired through embrasures; or one capable of being usedas a magazine, or for
quartering troops.
CASEMATED,Furnished with, protected by, or built like, a casemate.Campbell.
CASEMENT,A window sash opening on hinges affixed to the upright side ofthe frame
into which it is fitted. (Poetically) A window.A casement of the great chamber
window. Shak.
CASEMENTED,Having a casement or casements.
CASEOSE,A soluble product (proteose) formed in the gastric andpancreatic digestion
of casein and caseinogen.
CASEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, cheese; having the qualitiesof cheese;
cheesy. Caseous degeneration, a morbid process, inscrofulous or consumptive
persons, in which the products ofinflammation are converted into a cheesy substance
which is neitherabsorbed nor organized.
CASERN,A lodging for soldiers in garrison towns, usually near therampart; barracks.
Bescherelle.
CASEUM,Same as Casein.
CASEWORM,A worm or grub that makes for itself a case. See Caddice.
CASH RAILWAY,A form of cash carrier in which a small carrier or car travelsupon a
kind of track.
CASH REGISTER,A device for recording the amount of cash received, usuallyhaving an
automatic adding machine and a money drawer and exhibitingthe amount of the sale.
CASH,A place where money is kept, or where it is deposited and paidout; a money
box. [Obs.]This bank is properly a general cash, where every man lodges hismoney.
Sir W. Temple.£20,000 are known to be in her cash. Sir R. Winwood.
CASHBOOK,A book in which is kept a register of money received or paidout.
CASHEW,A tree (Anacardium occidentale) of the same family which thesumac. It is
native in tropical America, but is now naturalized inall tropical countries. Its
fruit, a kidney-shaped nut, grows at theextremity of an edible, pear-shaped
hypocarp, about three incheslong. Casbew nut, the large, kidney-shaped fruit of the
cashew, whichis edible after the caustic oil has been expelled from the shell
byroasting the nut.
CASHIER,One who has charge of money; a cash keeper; the officer who hascharge of
the payments and receipts (moneys, checks, notes), of abank or a mercantile
company.
CASHIERER,One who rejects, discards, or dismisses; as, a cashierer ofmonarchs. [R.]
Burke.
CASHMERETTE,A kind of dress goods, made with a soft and glossy surface
likecashmere.
CASHOO,See Catechu.
CASINGS,Dried dung of cattle used as fuel. [Prov. Eng.] Waterland.
CASK,To put into a cask.
CASKET,A gasket. See Gasket.
CASQUE,A piece of defensive or ornamental armor (with or without avizor) for the
head and neck; a helmet.His casque overshadowed with brilliant plumes. Prescott.
CASS,To render useless or void; to annul; to reject; to send away.[Obs.] Sir W.
Raleing.
CASSADA,See Cassava.
CASSAREEP,A condiment made from the sap of the bitter cassava (Manihotutilissima)
deprived of its poisonous qualities, concentrated byboiling, and flavored with
aromatics. See Pepper pot.
CASSATE,To render void or useless; to vacate or annul. [Obs.]
CASSATION,The act of annulling.A general cassation of their constitutions.
Motley.Court of cassation, the highest court of appeal in France, which haspower to
quash (Casser) or reverse the decisions of the inferiorcourts.
CASSAVA WOOD,A West Indian tree (Turpinia occidentalis) of the familyStaphyleaceæ.
CASSAVA,A shrubby euphorbiaceous plant of the genus Manihot, withfleshy rootstocks
yielding an edible starch; -- called also manioc.
CASSE PAPER,Broken paper; the outside quires of a ream.
CASSE-TETE,A small war club, esp. of savages; -- so called because of itssupposed
use in crushing the skull.
CASSEROLE,A small round dish with a handle, usually of porcelain.
CASSETTE,Same as Seggar.
CASSIA,A genus of leguminous plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees) of manyspecies, most
of which have purgative qualities. The leaves ofseveral species furnish the senna
used in medicine.
CASSICAN,An American bird of the genus Cassicus, allied to the starlingsand
orioles, remarkable for its skillfully constructed and suspendednest; the crested
oriole. The name is also sometimes given to thepiping crow, an Australian bird.
CASSIDEOUS,Helmet-shaped; -- applied to a corolla having a broad, helmet-shaped
upper petal, as in aconite.
CASSIMERE,A thin, twilled, woolen cloth, used for men's garments.[Written also
kerseymere.]
CASSINETTE,A cloth with a cotton wart, and a woof of very fine wool, orwool and
silk.
CASSINIAN OVALS,See under Oval.
CASSINO,A game at cards, played by two or more persons, usually fortwenty-one
points. Great cassino, the ten of diamonds.-- Little cassino, the two of spades.
CASSIOBERRY,The fruit of the Viburnum obovatum, a shrub which grows fromVirginia to
Florida.
CASSIOPEIA,A constellation of the northern hemisphere, situated betweenCapheus and
Perseus; -- so called in honor of the wife of Cepheus, afabuolous king of Ethiopia.
Cassiopeia's Chair, a group of six stars,in Cassiopeia, somewhat resembling a
chair.
CASSITERITE,Native tin dioxide; tin stone; a mineral occurring intetragonal
crystals of reddish brown color, and brilliant adamantineluster; also massive,
sometimes in compact forms with concentricfibrous structure resembling wood (wood
tin), also in rolledfragments or pebbly (Stream tin). It is the chief source of
metallictin. See Black tin, under Black.
CASSIUS,A brownish purple pigment, obtained by the action of somecompounds of tin
upon certain salts of gold. It is used in paintingand staining porcelain and glass
to give a beautiful purple color.Commonly called Purple of Cassius.
CASSOCK,A garment resembling a long frock coat worn by the clergy ofcertain
churches when officiating, and by others as the usually outergarment.
CASSOCKED,Clothed with a cassock.
CASSOLETTE,a box, or vase with a perforated cover to emit perfumes.
CASSONADE,Raw sugar; sugar not refined. Mc Elrath.
CASSOWARY,A large bird, of the genus Casuarius, found in the east Indies.It is
smaller and stouter than the ostrich. Its head is armed with akind of helmet of
horny substance, consisting of plates overlappingeach other, and it has a group of
long sharp spines on each wingwhich are used as defensive organs. It is a shy bird,
and runs withgreat rapidity. Other species inhabit New Guinea, Australia, etc.
CAST IRON,Highly carbonized iron, the direct product of the blastfurnace; -- used
for making castings, and for conversion into wroughtiron and steel. It can not be
welded or forged, is brittle, andsometimes very hard. Besides carbon, it contains
sulphur, phosphorus,silica, etc.
CAST STEEL,See Cast steel, under Steel.
CAST,To stereotype or electrotype.
CAST-IRON,Made of cast iron. Hence, Fig.: like cast iron; hardy;unyielding.
CAST-OFF,Cast or laid aside; as, cast-off clothes.
CASTALIAN,Of or pertaining to Castalia, a mythical fountain ofinspiration on Mt.
Parnassus sacred to the Muses. Milton.
CASTANEA,A genus of nut-bearing trees or shrubs including the chestnutand
chinquapin.
CASTANET,See Castanets.
CASTANETS,Two small, concave shells of ivory or hard wood, shaped likespoons,
fastened to the thumb, and beaten together with the middlefinger; -- used by the
Spaniards and Moors as an accompaniment totheir dance and guitars.
CASTAWAY,Of no value; rejected; useless.
CASTELLAN,A goveror or warden of a castle.
CASTELLANY,The lordship of a castle; the extent of land and
jurisdictionappertaining to a castle.
CASTELLATION,The act of making into a castle.
CASTIGATOR,One who castigates or corrects.
CASTIGATORY,Punitive in order to amendment; corrective.
CASTILE SOAP,A kind of fine, hard, white or mottled soap, made with oliveand soda;
also, a soap made in imitation of the above-described soap.
CASTILLAN,Of or pertaining to Castile, in Spain.
CASTLE,To move the castle to the square next to king, and then theking around the
castle to the square next beyond it, for the purposeof covering the king.
CASTLE-GUARD,A tax or imposition an a dwelling within a certain distance ofa
castle, for the purpose of maintaining watch and ward in it;castle-ward.
CASTLEBUILDER,Fig.: one who builds castles in the air or forms visionaryschemes.--
Cas"tle*build`ing, n.
CASTLED,Having a castle or castles; supporting a castle; as, a castledheight or
crag.
CASTLERY,The government of a castle. Blount.
CASTLET,A small castle. Leland.
CASTLEWARD,Same as Castleguard.
CASTLING,That which is cast or brought forth prematurely; an abortion.Sir T.
Browne.
CASTOR AND POLLUX,See Saint Elmo's fire, under Saint.
CASTOR BEAN,The bean or seed of the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis, orPalma
Christi.)
CASTOR OIL,A mild cathartic oil, expressed or extracted from the seeds ofthe
Ricinus communis, or Palma Christi. When fresh the oil isinodorus and insipid.
Castor-oil plant. Same as Palma Christi.
CASTOR,A genus of rodents, including the beaver. See Beaver.
CASTOREUM,A peculiar bitter orange-brown substance, with strong,penetrating odor,
found in two sacs between the anus and externalgenitals of the beaver; castor; --
used in medicine as anantispasmodic, and by perfumers.
CASTORIN,A white crystalline substance obtained from castoreum.
CASTRAMETATION,The art or act of encamping; the making or laying out of acamp.
CASTRATION,The act of castrating.
CASTRATO,A male person castrated for the purpose of improving his voicefor singing;
an artificial, or male, soprano. Swift.
CASTREL,See Kestrel.
CASTRENSIAL,Belonging to a camp. Sir T. Browne.
CASTRENSIAN,Castrensial. [R.]
CASUAL,One who receives relief for a night in a parish to which hedoes not belong;
a vagrant.
CASUALISM,The doctrine that all things exist or are controlled by chance.
CASUALIST,One who believes in casualism.
CASUALLY,Without design; accidentally; fortuitously; by chance;occasionally.
CASUALNESS,The quality of being casual.
CASUALTY,Numerical loss caused by death, wounds, discharge, ordesertion. Casualty
ward, A ward in a hospital devoted to thetreatment of injuries received by
accident.
CASUARINA,A genus of leafles trees or shrubs, with drooping branchlets ofa rushlike
appearance, mostly natives of Australia. Some of them arelarge, producing hard and
heavy timber of excellent quality, calledbeefwood from its color.
CASUIST,One who is skilled in, or given to, casuistry.The judment of any casuist or
learned divine concerning the state ofa man's soul, is not sufficient to give him
confidence. South.
CASUS,An event; an occurrence; an occasion; a combination ofcircumstances; a case;
an act of God. See the Note under Accident.Casus belli, an event or combination of
events which is a cause war,or may be alleged as a justification of war.-- Casus
fortuitus, an accident against which due prudence could nothave provided. See Act
of God, under Act.-- Casus omissus, a case not provided for by the statute.
CAT,An animal of various species of the genera Felis and Lynx. Thedomestic cat is
Felis domestica. The European wild cat (Felis catus)is much larger than the
domestic cat. In the United States the namewild cat is commonly applied to the bay
lynx (Lynx rufus) See Wildcat, and Tiger cat.
CAT-EYED,Having eyes like a cat; hence, able to see in the dark.
CAT-HARPIN,See Cat-harping.
CAT-HARPING,One of the short ropes or iron cramps used to brace in theshrouds
toward the masts so a to give freer sweep to the yards.
CAT-HOLE,One of two small holes astern, above the gunroom ports, throughwhich
hawsers may be passed.
CAT-RIGGED,Rigged like a catboat.
CAT-SALT,A sort of salt, finely granulated, formed out of the bittern orleach
brine.
CAT-SILVER,Mica. [Archaic]
CAT-TAIL,A tall rush or flag (Typha latifolia) growing in marshes, withlong, glat
leaves, and having its flowers in a close cylindricalspike at the top of the stem.
The leaves are frequently used forseating chairs, making mats, etc. See Catkin.
CATA,The Latin and English form of a Greek preposition, used as aprefix to signify
down, downward, under, against, contrary or opposedto, wholly, completely; as in
cataclysm, catarrh. It sometimes dropsthe final vowel, as in catoptric; and is
sometimes changed to cath,as in cathartic, catholic.
CATABAPTIST,One who opposes baptism, especially of infants. [Obs.] Featley.
CATABASION,A vault under altar of a Greek church.
CATABIOTIC,Aee under Force.
CATACAUSTIC,Relating to, or having the properties of, a caustic curveformed by
reflection. See Caustic, a. Nichol.
CATACHRESIS,A figure by which one word is wrongly put for another, or bywhich a
word is wrested from its true signification; as, "To takearms against a sea of
troubles. " Shak. "Her voice was but the shadowof a sound." Young.
CATACLASM,A breaking asunder; disruption.
CATACLYSM,Any violent catastrophe, involving sudden and extensive changesof the
earth's surface.
CATACLYSMIST,One who believes that the most important geological phenomenahave been
produced by cataclysms.
CATACOMB,A cave, grotto, or subterraneous place of large extent used forthe burial
of the dead; -- commonly in the plural.
CATACOUSTIC,That part of acoustics which treats of reflected sounds orechoes See
Acoustics. Hutton.
CATACROTIC,Designating, pertaining to, or characterized by, that form ofpulse
tracing, or sphygmogram, in which the descending portion of thecurve is marked by
secondary elevations due to two or more expansionsof the artery in the same beat.
-- Ca*tac"rotism (#), n.
CATADICROTISM,Quality or state of being catacrotic. -- Cat`a*di*crot"ic (#),a.
CATADIOPTRICS,The science which treats of catadioptric phenomena, or of theused of
catadioptric instruments.
CATADROME,A machine for raising or lowering heavy weights.
CATADROMOUS,Having the lowest inferior segment of a pinna nearer the rachisthan the
lowest superior one; -- said of a mode of branching inferns, and opposed to
anadromous.
CATAFALCO,See Catafalque.
CATAFALQUE,A temporary structure sometimes used in the funeral solemnitiesof
eminent persons, for the public exhibition of the remains, ortheir conveyance to
the place of burial.
CATAGMATIC,Having the quality of consolidating broken bones.
CATAIAN,A native of Cathay or China; a foreigner; -- formerly a term ofreproach.
Shak.
CATALAN,Of or pertaining to Catalonia.-- n.
CATALECTIC,Wanting a syllable at the end, or terminating in an imperfectfoot; as, a
catalectic verse.
CATALEPTIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, catalepsy; affected withcatalepsy; as, a
cataleptic fit.
CATALLACTA,A division of Protozoa, of which Magosphæra is the type. Theyexist both
in a myxopod state, with branched pseudopodia, and in theform of ciliated bodies
united in free, spherical colonies.
CATALLACTICS,The science of exchanges, a branch of political economy.
CATALOG,Catalogue.
CATALOGIZE,To insert in a catalogue; to register; to catalogue. [R.]Coles.
CATALOGUE,A list or enumeration of names, or articles arrangedmethodically, often
in alphabetical order; as, a catalogue of thestudents of a college, or of books, or
of the stars. Card catalogue,a catalogue, as of books, having each item entered on
a separatecard, and the cards arranged in cases by subjects, or authors,
oralphabetically.-- Catalogue raisonné Etym: [F.], a catalogue of books,
etc.,classed according to their subjects. Syn.-- List; roll; index; schedule;
enumeration; inventory. See List.
CATALOGUER,A maker of catalogues; esp. one skilled in the making ofcatalogues.
CATALPA,A genus of American and East Indian trees, of which the bestknow species
are the Catalpa bignonioides, a large, ornamental NorthAmerican tree, with spotted
white flowers and long cylindrical pods,and the C. speciosa, of the Mississipi
valley; -- called also Indianbean.
CATALYTIC,Relating to, or causing, catalysis. "The catalytic power is
illunderstood." Ure. Catalytic force, that form of chemical energyformerly supposed
to determine catalysis.
CATAMENIA,The monthly courses of women; menstrual discharges; menses.
CATAMENIAL,Pertaining to the catamenia, or menstrual discharges.
CATAMITE,A boy kept for unnatural purposes.
CATAMOUNT,The cougar. Applied also, in some parts of the United States,to the lynx.
CATANADROMOUS,Ascending and descending fresh streams from and to the sea, asthe
salmon; anadromous. [R.]
CATAPASM,A compound medicinal powder, used by the ancients to sprinkleon ulcers, to
absorb perspiration, etc. Dunglison.
CATAPELTIC,Of or pertaining to a catapult.
CATAPETALOUS,Having the petals held together by stamens, which grow to theirbases,
as in the mallow.
CATAPHONIC,Of or relating to cataphonics; catacoustic.
CATAPHONICS,That branch of acoustics which treats of reflested sounds;catacoustics.
CATAPHRACT,Defensive armor used for the whole body and often for thehorse, also,
esp. the linked mail or scale armor of some easternnations.
CATAPHRACTED,Covered with a cataphract, or armor of plates, scales, etc.; orwith
that which corresponds to this, as horny or bony plates, hard,callous skin, etc.
CATAPHRACTIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a cataphract.
CATAPHYSICAL,Unnatural; contrary to nature. [R.]Some artists . . . have given to
Sir Walter Scott a pile of foreheadwhich is unpleassing and cataphysical. De
Quincey.
CATAPLASM,A soft and moist substance applied externally to some part ofthe body; a
poultice. Dunglison.
CATAPLEXY,A morbid condition caused by an overwhelming shock or extremefear and
marked by rigidity of the muscles. -- Cat`a*plec"tic (#), a.
CATAPUCE,Spurge. [Obs.]
CATAPULT,An engine somewhat resembling a massive crossbow, used by theancient
Greeks and Romans for throwing stones, arrows, spears, etc.
CATARACT,An opacity of the crystalline lens, or of its capsule, whichprevents the
passage of the rays of light and impairs or destroys thesight.
CATARACTOUS,Of the nature of a cataract in the eye; affected with cataract.
CATARRH,An inflammatory affection of any mucous membrane, in whichthere are
congestion, swelling, and an altertion in the quantity andquality of mucus
secreted; as catarrh of the stomach; catarrh of thebladder.
CATARRHAL,Pertaining to, produced by, or attending, catarrh; of thenature of
catarrh.
CATARRHINE,One of the Catarrhina, a division of Quadrumana, including theOld World
monkeys and apes which have the nostrils close together andturned downward. See
Monkey.
CATARRHOUS,Catarrhal. [R.]
CATASTALTIC,Checking evacutions through astringent or styptic qualities.
CATASTASIS,That part of a speech, usually the exordium, in which theorator sets
forth the subject matter to be discussed.
CATASTERISM,A placing among the stars; a catalogue of stars.The catasterisms of
Eratosthenes. Whewell.
CATASTROPHE,A violent and widely extended change in the surface of theearth, as, an
elevation or subsidence of some part of it, effected byinternal causes. Whewell.
CATASTROPHIC,Of a pertaining to a catastrophe. B. Powell.
CATASTROPHISM,The doctrine that the geological changes in the earth's crusthave
been caused by the sudden action of violent physical causes; --opposed to the
doctrine of uniformism.
CATASTROPHIST,One who holds the theory or catastrophism.
CATAWBAS,; sing. Catawba. (Ethnol.) An appalachian tribe of Indianswhich originally
inhabited the regions near the Catawba river and thehead waters of the Santee.
CATBIRD,An American bird (Galeoscoptes Carolinensis), allied to themocking bird,
and like it capable of imitating the notes of otherbirds, but less perfectly. Its
note resembles at times the mewing ofa cat.
CATBOAT,A small sailboat, with a single mast placed as far forward aspossible,
carring a sail extended by a graff and long boom. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
CATCALL,A sound like the cry of a cat, such as is made in playhouses toexpress
dissatisfaction with a play; also, a small shrill instrumentfor making such a
noise.Upon the rising of the curtain. I was very much surprised with thegreat
consort of catcalls which was exhibited. Addison.
CATCH CROP,Any crop grown between the rows of another crop or intermediatebetween
two crops in ordinary rotation in point of time. -- Catch"-crop`ping, n.
CATCH TITLE,A short expressive title used for abbreviated book lists, etc.
CATCH,Passing opportunities seized; snatches.It has been writ by catches with many
intervals. Locke.
CATCH-BASIN,A cistern or vault at the point where a street gutterdischarges into a
sewer, to oatch bulky matters which would not passreadly throught the sewer.
Knight.
CATCH-MEADOW,meadow irrigated by water from a spring or rivulet on the sideof hill.
CATCHABLE,Capable of being caught. [R.]
CATCHDRAIN,A dich or drain along the side of a hill to catch the surfacewater;
also, a ditch at the side of a canal to catch the surpluswater.
CATCHER,The player who stands behind the batsman to catch the ball.
CATCHFLY,A plant with the joints of the stem, and sometimes other parts,covered
with a viscid secretion to which small insects adhere. Thespecies of Silene are
examples of the catchfly.
CATCHING,The act of seizing or taking hold of Catching bargain (Law), abargain made
with an heir expectant for the purchase of hisexpectancy at an inadequate price.
Bouvier.
CATCHMENT,A surface of ground on which water may be caught and collectedinto a
reservoir.
CATCHPENNY,Made or contrived for getting small sums of money from theignorant or
unwary; as, a catchpenny book; a catchpenny show.-- n.
CATCHPOLL,A bailiff's assistant.
CATCHWATER,A ditch or drain for catching water. See Catchdrain.
CATCHWEED,See Cleavers.
CATCHWEIGHT,Without any additional weight; without being handicapped; as,to ride
catchweight.
CATCHWORD,The first word of any page of a book after the first, insertedat the
right hand bottom corner of the preceding page for theassistance of the reader. It
is seldom used in modern printing.
CATCHWORK,A work or artificial watercourse for throwing water on landsthat lie on
the slopes of hills; a catchdrain.
CATE,Food. [Obs.] See Cates.
CATECHETICALLY,In a catechetical manner; by question and answer.
CATECHETICS,The science or practice of instructing by questions andanswers.
CATECHIN,One of the tannic acids, extracted from catechu as a white,crystaline
substance; -- called also catechuic acid, and catechuin.
CATECHISATION,The act of catechising.
CATECHISER,One who catechises.
CATECHISMAL,Of or pertaining to a catechism, having the form of questionsand
answers; catechical.
CATECHIST,One who instructs by question and answer, especially inreligions matters.
CATECHIZE,See Catechise.
CATECHU,A dry, brown, astringent extract, obtained by decoction andevaporation from
the Acacia catechu, and several other plants growingin India. It contains a large
portion of tannin or tannic acid, andis used in medicine and in the arts. It is
also known by the namesterra japonica, cutch, gambier, etc. Ure. Dunglison.
CATECHUIC,Of or pertaining to catechu or its derivatives. See catechin.
CATECHUMEN,One who is receiving rudimentary instruction in the doctrinesof
Christianity; a neophyte; in the primitive church, one officiallyrecognized as a
Christian, and admitted to instruction preliminary toadmission to full membership
in the church.
CATECHUMENATE,The state or condition of a catechumen or the time during whichone is
a catechumen.
CATECHUMENICAL,Of or pertaining to catechumens; as, catechumenicalinstructions.
CATECHUMENIST,A catechumen. Bp. Morton.
CATEGOREMATIC,Capable of being employed by itself as a term; -- said of aword.
CATEGORICALLY,Absolutely; directly; expressly; positively; as, to
affirmcategorically.
CATEGORICALNESS,The quality of being categorical, positive, or absolute. A.Marvell.
CATEGORIST,One who inserts in a category or list; one who classifies.Emerson.
CATEGORIZE,To insert in a category or list; to class; to catalogue.
CATEGORY,One of the highest classes to which the objects of knowledge orthought can
be reduced, and by which they can be arranged in asystem; an ultimate or
undecomposable conception; a predicament.The categories or predicaments -- the
former a Greek word, the latterits literal translation in the Latin language --
were intended byAristotle and his followers as an enumeration of all things
capableof being named; an enumeration by the summa genera i.e., the mostextensive
classes into which things could be distributed. J. S. Mill.
CATEL,Property; -- often used by Chaucer in contrast with rent, orincome."For loss
of catel may recovered be, But loss of tyme shendeth us,"quod he. Chaucer.
CATELECTRODE,The negative electrode or pole of a voltaic battery. Faraday.
CATELECTROTONIC,Relating to, or characterized by, catelectrotonus.
CATELECTROTONUS,The condition of increased irritability of a nerve in theregion of
the cathode or negative electrode, on the passage of acurrent of electricity
through it.
CATENA,A chain or series of things connected with each other.I have . . . in no
case sought to construct those catenæ of games,which it seems now the fashion of
commentators to link together. C.J. Ellicott.
CATENARY,The curve formed by a rope or chain of uniform density andperfect
flexibility, hanging freely between two points of suspension,not in the same
vertical line.
CATENATE,To connect, in a series of links or ties; to chain. E. Darwin.
CATENATION,Connection of links or union of parts, as in a chain; a regularor
connected series. See Concatenation. Sir T. Browne.
CATENULATE,Chainlike; -- said both or color marks and of indentations whenarranged
like the links of a chain, as on shells, etc.
CATER,A provider; a purveyor; a caterer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CATER-CORNERED,Diagonal. [Colloq.]
CATER-COUSIN,A remote relation. See Quater-cousin. Shak.
CATERAN,A Highland robber: a kind of irregular soldier. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott.
CATERER,One who caters.The little fowls in the air have God for Their provider and
caterer.Shelton.
CATERESS,A woman who caters. Milton.
CATERPILLAR,The larval state of a butterfly or any lepidopterous insect;sometimes,
but less commonly, the larval state of other insects, asthe sawflies, which are
also called false caterpillars. The truecaterpillars have three pairs of true legs,
and several pairs ofabdominal fleshy legs (prolegs) armed with hooks. Some are
hairy,others naked. They usually feed on leaves, fruit, and succulentvegetables,
being often very destructive, Many of them are popularlycalled worms, as the
cutworm, cankerworm, army worm, cotton worm,silkworm.
CATERWAUL,To cry as cats in rutting time; to make a harsh, offensivenoise.
Coleridge.
CATERWAULING,The cry of cats; a harsh, disagreeable noise or cry like thecry of
cats. Shak.
CATERY,The place where provisions are deposited. [Obs.]
CATES,Provisions; food; viands; especially, luxurious food;delicacies; dainties.
Shak.Cates for which Apicius could not pay. Shurchill.Choicest cates and the
fiagon's best spilth. R. Browning.
CATFALL,A rope used in hoisting the anchor to the cathead. Totten.
CATFISH,A name given in the United States to various species ofsiluroid fishes; as,
the yellow cat (Amiurus natalis); the bind cat(Gronias nigrilabrus); the mud cat
(Pilodictic oilwaris), the stonecat (Noturus flavus); the sea cat (Arius felis),
etc. This name isalso sometimes applied to the wolf fish. See Bullhrad.
CATHARINE WHEEL,See catherine wheel.
CATHARIST,One aiming at or pretending to a greater purity of like thanothers about
him; -- applied to persons of various sects. SeeAlbigenses.
CATHARSIS,A natural or artificial purgation of any passage, as of themouth, bowels,
etc.
CATHARTIC,A medicine that promotes alvine discharges; a purge; apurgative of
moderate activity.
CATHARTIN,The bitter, purgative principle of senna. It is a glucosidewith the
properties of a weak acid; -- called also cathartic acid,and cathartina.
CATHAY,China; -- an old name for the Celestial Empire, said have beenintroduced by
Marco Polo and to be a corruption of the Tartar namefor North China (Khitai, the
country of the Khitans.)Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay.
Tennyson.
CATHEAD,A projecting piece of timber or iron near the bow of vessel, towhich the
anchor is hoisted and secured.
CATHEDRA,The official chair or throne of a bishop, or of any person inhigh
authority. Ex cathedra Etym: [L., from the chair], in theexercise of one's office;
with authority.The Vatican Council declares that the Pope, is infallible "when
hespeaks ex cathedra." Addis & Arnold's Cath. Dict.
CATHEDRAL,The principal church in a diocese, so called because in it thebishop has
his official chair (Cathedra) or throne.
CATHEDRALIC,Cathedral. [R.]
CATHEDRATED,Relating to the chair or office of a teacher. [Obs.]
CATHERETIC,A mild kind caustic used to reduce warts and otherexcrescences.
Dunglison.
CATHERINE WHEEL,Same as Rose window and Wheel window. Called also Catherine-wheel
window.
CATHETER,The name of various instruments for passing along mucouscanals, esp.
applied to a tubular instrument to be introduced intothe bladder through the
urethra to draw off the urine. Eustachiancatheter. See under Eustachian.--
Prostatic catheter, one adapted for passing an enlarged prostate.
CATHETERIZE,To operate on with a catheter. Dunglison.
CATHETOMETER,An instrument for the accurate measurement of small differencesof
height; esp. of the differences in the height of the uppersurfaces of two columns
of mercury or other fluid, or of the samecolumn at different times. It consists of
a telescopic levelingapparatus (d), which slides up or down a perpendicular
metallicstandard very finely graduated (bb). The telescope is raised ordepressed in
order to sight the objects or surfaces, and thedifferences in vertical height are
thus shown on the graduatedstandard. [Written also kathetometer.]
CATHETUS,One line or radius falling perpendicularly on another; as, thecatheti of a
right-angled triangle, that is, the two sides thatinclude the right angle. Barlow.
CATHODE,The part of a voltaic battery by which the electric currentleaves
substances through which it passes, or the surface at whichthe electric current
passes out of the electrolyte; the negativepole; -- opposed to anode. Faraday.
Cathode ray (Phys.), a kind ofray generated at the cathode in a vacuum tube, by the
electricaldischarge.
CATHODIC,A term applied to the centrifugal, or efferent course of thenervous
infuence. Marshall Hall.
CATHOLICAL,Catholic. [Obs.]
CATHOLICIZE,To make or to become catholic or Roman Catholic.
CATHOLICLY,In a catholic manner; generally; universally. Sir L. Cary.
CATHOLICNESS,The quality of being catholic; universality; catholicity.
CATHOLICON,A remedy for all diseases; a panacea.
CATHOLICOS,The spiritual head of the Armenian church, who resides atEtchmiadzin,
Russia, and has ecclesiastical jurisdiction over, andconsecrates the holy oil for,
the Armenians of Russia, Turkey, andPersia, including the Patriarchs of
Constantinople, Jerusalem, andSis.
CATILINARIAN,Pertaining to Catiline, the Roman conspirator; resemblingCatiline's
conspiracy.
CATION,An electro-positive substance, which in electro-decompositionis evolved at
the cathode; -- opposed to anion. Faraday.
CATKIN,An ament; a species of inflorescence, consisting of a slenderaxis with many
unisexual apetalous flowers along its sides, as in thewillow and poplar, and (as to
the staminate flowers) in the chestnut,oak, hickory, etc.-- so called from its
resemblance to a cat's tail. See Illust. ofAment.
CATLIKE,Like a cat; stealthily; noiselessly.
CATLING,A double-edged, sharp-pointed dismembering knife. [Spelt alsocatlin.]
Crobb.
CATLINITE,A red clay from the Upper Missouri region, used by the Indiansfor their
pipes.
CATO-CATHARTIC,A remedy that purges by alvine discharges.
CATONIAN,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the stern old Roman, Cato theCensor;
severe; inflexible.
CATOPRON,See Catopter.
CATOPTRICS,That part of optics which explants the properties and phenomenaof
reflected light, and particularly that which is reflected frommirrors or polished
bodies; --- formerly caled anacamptics.
CATOPTROMANCY,A species of divination, which was perforned by letting down amirror
into water, for a sick person to look at his face in it. Ifhis countenance appeared
distorted and ghastly, it was an ill omen;if fresh and healthy, it was favorable.
CATPIPE,See Catcall.
CATSKILL PERIOD,The closing subdivision of the Devonian age in America. Therocks of
this period are well developed in the Catskill mountains,and extend south and west
under the Carboniferous formation. See theDiagram under Geology.
CATSO,A base fellow; a rogue; a cheat. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CATSTICK,A stick or club employed in the game of ball called cat ortipcat.
Massinger.
CATSTITCH,To fold and sew down the edge of with a coarse zigzag stitch.
CATSUP,Same as Catchup, and Ketchup.
CATTISH,Catlike; feline Drummond.
CATTLE,Quadrupeds of the Bovine family; sometimes, also, including alldomestic
quadrupeds, as sheep, goats, horses, mules, asses, andswine. Belted cattle, Black
cattle. See under Belted, Black.-- Cattle guard, a trench under a railroad track
and alongside acrossing (as of a public highway). It is intended to prevent
cattlefrom getting upon the track.-- cattle louse (Zoöl.), any species of louse
infecting cattle.There are several species. The Hæmatatopinus eurysternus and
H.vituli are common species which suck blood; Trichodectes scalariseats the hair.--
Cattle plague, the rinderpest; called also Russian cattle plague.-- Cattle range,
or Cattle run, an open space through which cattlemay run or range. [U. S.]
Bartlett.-- Cattle show, an exhibition of domestic animals with prizes forthe
encouragement of stock breeding; -- usually accompanied with theexhibition of other
agricultural and domestic products and ofimplements.
CATTY,An East Indian Weight of 11/3 pounds.
CAUCUS,A meeting, especially a preliminary meeting, of personsbelonging to a party,
to nominate candidates for public office, or toselect delegates to a nominating
convention, or to confer regardingmeasures of party policy; a political primary
meeting.This day learned that the caucus club meets, at certain times, in thegarret
of Tom Dawes, the adjutant of the Boston regiment. JohnAdams's Diary [Feb. , 1763].
CAUDA GALLI,A plume-shaped fossil, supposed to be a seaweed, characteristicof the
lower Devonian rocks; as, the cauda galli grit. Gauda galliepoch (Geol.), an epoch
at the begining of the Devonian age ineastern America, so named from the
characteristic gritty sandstonemarked with impressions of cauda galli. See the
Diagram underGeology.
CAUDAD,Backwards; toward the tail or posterior part.
CAUDAL,Of the nature of, or pertaining to, a tail; having a tail-likeappendage.The
male widow-bird, remarkable for his caudal plumes. Darwin.Caudal fin (Zoöl.), the
terminal fin (or "tail") of a fish.
CAUDATA,See Urodela.
CAUDEX,The sterm of a tree., esp. a sterm without a branch, as of apalm or a tree
fern; also, the pernnial rootstock of an herbaceousplant.
CAUDLE,A kind of warm drink for sick persons, being a mixture of winewith eggs,
bread, sugar, and spices.
CAUF,A chest with holes for keeping fish alive in water. Philips.
CAUFLE,A gung of slaves. Same as Coffle.
CAUGHT,f Catch.
CAUL,The fold of membrane loaded with fat, which covers more or lessof the
intestines in mammals; the great omentum See Omentum.The caul serves for warming of
the lower belly. Ray.
CAULESCENT,Having a leafy stem.
CAULICLE,A short caulis or stem, esp. the rudimentary stem seen in theembryo of
seed; -- otherwise called a radicle.
CAULICULUS,In the Corinthian capital, one of the eight stalks rising outof the
lower leafage and terminating in leaves which seem to suportthe volutes. See
Illust. of Corinthian order, under Corinthian.
CAULIFLOWER,An annual variety of Brassica oleracea, or cabbage of which thecluster
of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.
CAULIFORM,Having the form of a caulis.
CAULINE,Growing immediately on a caulis; of or pertaining to a caulis.
CAULIS,An herbaceous or woody stem which bears leaves, and may bearflowers.
CAULK,See Calk.
CAULOCARPOUS,Having stems which bear flowers and fruit year after year, asmost
trees and shrubs.
CAULOME,A stem structure or stem axis of a plant, viewed as a whole. --Cau*lom"ic
(#), a.
CAUMA,Great heat, as of the body in fever.
CAUPONIZE,To sell wine or victuals. [Obs.] Warburfon.
CAUSABLE,Capable of being caused.
CAUSAL,Relating to a cause or causes; inplying or containing a causeor causes;
expressing a cause; causative.Causal propositions are where two propositions are
joined by causalwords. Watts.
CAUSALITY,The faculty of tracing effects to their causes. G. Combe.
CAUSALLY,According to the order or series of causes; by tracing effectsto causes.
CAUSATION,The act of causing; also the act or agency by which an effectis
produced.The kind of causation by which vision is produced. Whewell.Law of
universal causation, the theoretical or asserted law thatevery event or phenomenon
results from, or is the sequel of, someprevious event or phenomenon, which being
present, the other iscertain to take place.
CAUSATIONIST,One who believes in the law of universal causation.
CAUSATIVE,A word which expresses or suggests a cause.
CAUSATIVELY,In a causative manner.
CAUSATOR,One who causes. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
CAUSE,A suit or action in court; any legal process by which a partyendeavors to
obtain his claim, or what he regards as his right; case;ground of action.
CAUSEFUL,Having a cause. [Obs.]
CAUSELESS,1. Self-originating; uncreated.
CAUSELESSNESS,The state of being causeless.
CAUSER,One who or that which causes.
CAUSERIE,Informal talk or discussion, as about literary matters; lightconversation;
chat.
CAUSEUSE,A kind of sofa for two person. A tête-a-tête.
CAUSIDICAL,Pertaining to an advocate, or to the maintenance and defense ofsuits.
CAUSTIC,A caustic curve or caustic surface.
CAUSTICALLY,In a caustic manner.
CAUSTICNESS,The quality of being caustic; causticity.
CAUTER,A hot iron for searing or cauterizing. Minsheu.
CAUTERANT,A cauterizing substance.
CAUTERISM,The use or application of a caustic; cautery. Ferrand.
CAUTERIZATION,The act of searing some morbid part by the application of acautery or
caustic; also, the effect of such application.
CAUTERY,A burning or searing, as of morbid flesh, with a hot iron, orby application
of a caustic that will burn, corrode, or destroyanimal tissue.
CAUTION,To give notice of danger to; to warn; to exhort [one] to takeheed.You
cautioned me against their charms. Swift.
CAUTIONARY BLOCK,A block in which two or more trains are permitted to travel,under
restrictions imposed by a caution card or the like.
CAUTIONER,A surety or sponsor.
CAUTIONRY,Suretyship.
CAUTIOUS,Attentive to examine probable effects and consequences of actswith a view
to avoid danger or misfortune; prudent; circumspect;wary; watchful; as, a cautious
general.Cautious feeling for another's pain. Byron.Be swift to hear; but cautious
of your tongue. Watts.
CAUTIOUSLY,In a cautious manner.
CAUTIOUSNESS,The quality of being cautious.
CAVALCADE,A procession of persons on horseback; a formal, pompous marchof horsemen
by way of parade.He brought back war-worn cavalcade to the city. Prescott.
CAVALIER,A work of more that ordinary heigh, rising from the levelground of a
bastion, etc., and overlooking surrounding parts.
CAVALIERISH,Somewhat like a cavalier.
CAVALIERISM,The practice or principles of cavaliers. Sir. W. Scott.
CAVALIERLY,In a supercilious, disdainful, or haughty manner; arroganty.Junius.
CAVALIERNESS,A disdanful manner.
CAVALLY,A carangoid fish of the Atlantic coast (Caranx hippos): --called also horse
crevallé.
CAVALRY,That part of military force which serves on horseback.
CAVALRYMAN,One of a body of cavalry.
CAVATINA,Originally, a melody of simpler form than the aria; a songwithout a second
part and a da capo; -- a term now variously andvaguely used.
CAVE,To make hollow; to scoop out. [Obs.]The mouldred earth cav'd the banke.
Spenser.
CAVEAT,A notice given by an interested party to some officer not to doa certain act
until the party is heard in opposition; as, a caveatentered in a probate court to
stop the proving of a will or thetaking out of letters of administration, etc.
Bouvier.
CAVEATING,Shifting the sword from one side of an adversary's sword to theother.
CAVEATOR,One who enters a caveat.
CAVENDISH,Leaf tobacco softened, sweetened, and pressed into plugs orcakes. Cut
cavendish, the plugs cut into long shreds for smoking.
CAVERN,A large, deep, hollow place in the earth; a large cave.
CAVERNULOUS,Full of little cavities; as, cavernulous metal. Black.
CAVETTO,A concave molding; -- used chiefly in classical architecture.See Illust. of
Calumn.
CAVICORN,Having hollow horns.
CAVICORNIA,A group of ruminants whose horns are hollow, and planted on abony
process of the front, as the ox.
CAVIL,To raise captious and frivolous objections; to find faultwithout good
reason.You do not well in obstinacy To cavil in the course of this contract.Shak.
CAVILING,Disposed to cavil; finding fault without good reason. SeeCaptious.His
depreciatory and caviling criticism. Lewis.
CAVILINGLY,In a caviling manner.
CAVILLATION,Frivolous or sophistical objection. [Obs.] Hooker.
CAVIN,A hollow way, adapted to cover troops, and facilitate theiraproach to a
place. Farrow.
CAVITARY,Containing a body cavity; as, the cavitary or nematoid worms.
CAVO-RELIEVO,Cavo-rilievo.
CAVO-RILIEVO,Hollow relief; sculpture in relief within a sinking made forthe
purpose, so no part of it projects beyond the plain surfacearound.
CAVORT,To prance ostentatiously; -- said of a horse or his rider.[Local slang U.
S.]
CAVY,A rodent of the genera cavia and Dolichotis, as the guinea pig(Cavia cabaya).
Cavies are natives of South America. Water cavy(Zoöl.), The capybara.
CAW,To cry like a crow, rook, or raven.Rising and cawing at the gun's report. Shak.
CAWK,An opaque, compact variety of barite, or heavy spar. [Alsowritten cauk.]
CAWKER,See Calker.
CAWKY,Of or pertaining to cawk; like cawk.
CAXON,A kind of wig. [Obs.] Lamb.
CAXTON,Any book printed by William Caxton, the first English printer.Hansard.
CAY,See Key, a ledge.
CAYENNE,Cayenne pepper. Cayenne pepper. (a) (Bot.) A species ofcapsicum (C.
frutescens) with small and intensely pungent fruit. (b)A very pungent spice made by
drying and grinding the fruits or seedsof several species of the genus Capsicum,
esp. C. annuum and C.Frutescens; -- Called also red pepper. It is used chiefly as
acondiment.
CAYMAN,The south America alligator. See Alligator. [Sometimes writtencaiman.]
CAYO,A small island or ledge of rock in the water; a key. [Sp. Am.]
CAYUGAS,; sing Cayuga. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians formerly inbabitingwestern New-
York, forming part of the confederacy called the FiveNations.
CAYUSE,An Indian pony. [Northw. U. S.]
CC IRA,The refrain of a famous song of the French Revolution.
CEASE,To put a stop to; to bring to an end.But he, her fears to cease Sent down the
meek-eyed peace. Milton.Cease, then, this impious rage. Milton
CEASELESS,Without pause or end; incessant.
CECIDOMYIA,A genus of small dipterous files, including several veryinjurious
species, as the Hessian fly. See Hessian fly.
CECITY,Blindness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
CECUTIENCY,Partial blindness, or a tendency to blindness. [R.] Sir T.Browne.
CEDAR,The name of several evergreen trees. The wood is remarkable forits durability
and fragrant odor.
CEDARED,Covered, or furnished with, cedars.
CEDARN,Of or pertaining to the cedar or its wood. [R.]
CEDE,To yield or surrender; to give up; to resign; as, to cede afortress, a
province, or country, to another nation, by treaty.The people must cede to the
government some of their natural rights.Jay.
CEDILLA,A mark placed under the letter c [thus, ç], to show that it isto be sounded
like s, as in façade.
CEDRAT,Properly the citron, a variety of Citrus medica, with largefruits, not acid,
and having a high perfume.
CEDRENE,A rich aromatic oil, C15H24, extracted from oil of red cedar,and regarded
as a polymeric terpene; also any one of a class ofsimilar substances, as the
essential oils of cloves, cubebs, juniper,etc., of which cedrene proper is the
type. [Written also cedren.]
CEDRINE,Of or pertaining to cedar or the cedar tree.
CEDRIRET,Same as Coerulignone.
CEDRY,Of the nature of cedar. [R.]
CEDULE,A scroll; a writing; a schedule. [Obs.]
CEDUOUS,Fit to be felled. [Obs.] Eyelyn.
CEILING,The inner planking of a vessel. Camp ceiling. See under Camp.-- Ceiling
boards, Thin narrow boards used to ceil with.
CEINT,A girdle. [Obs.]
CEINTURE,A cincture, girdle, or belt; -- chiefly used in English as adressmaking
term.
CELADON,A pale sea-green color; also, porcelain or fine pottery of thistint.
CELEBRANT,One who performs a public religious rite; -- appliedparticularly to an
officiating priest in the Roman Catholic Church,as distinguished from his
assistants.
CELEBRATED,Having celebrity; distinguished; renowned.Celebrated for the politeness
of his manners. Macaulay.
CELEBRATION,The act, process, or time of celebrating.His memory deserving a
particular celebration. Clarendok.Celebration of Mass is equivalent to offering
Mass Cath. Dict.To hasten the celebration of their marriage. Sir P. Sidney.
CELEBRATOR,One who celebrates; a praiser. Boyle.
CELEBRIOUS,Famous. [Obs.] Speed.
CELERIAC,Turnip-rooted celery, a from of celery with a large globularroot, which is
used for food.
CELERITY,Rapidity of motion; quickness; swiftness.Time, with all its celerity,
moves slowly to him whose wholeemployment is to watch its flight. Johnson.
CELERY,A plant of the Parsley family (Apium graveolens), of which theblanched
leafstalks are used as a salad.
CELESTIALIZE,To make celestial. [R.]
CELESTIALLY,In a celestial manner.
CELESTIFY,To make like heaven. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CELIAC,See Coellac.
CELIBACY,The state of being unmarried; single life, esp. that of abachelor, or of
one bound by vows not to marry. "The celibacy of theclergy." Hallom.
CELIBATE,Unmarried; single; as, a celibate state.
CELIBATIST,One who lives unmarried. [R.]
CELIDOGRAPHY,A description of apparent spots on the disk of the sun, or onplanets.
CELL,A jar of vessel, or a division of a compound vessel, forholding the exciting
fluid of a battery.
CELLA,The part inclosed within the walls of an ancient temple, asdistinguished from
the open porticoes.
CELLAR,A room or rooms under a building, and usually below the surfaceof the
ground, where provisions and other stores are kept.
CELLARER,A steward or butler of a monastery or chapter; one who hascharge of
procuring and keeping the provisions.
CELLARET,A receptacle, as in a dining room, for a few bottles of wine orliquor,
made in the form of a chest or coffer, or a deep drawer in asideboard, and usually
lined with metal.
CELLARIST,Same as Cellarer.
CELLED,Containing a cell or cells.
CELLEPORE,A genus of delicate branching corals, made up of minute cells,belonging
to the Bryozoa.
CELLIFEROUS,Bearing or producing cells.
CELLO,A contraction for Violoncello.
CELLULAR,Consisting of, or containing, cells; of or pertaining to a cellor cells.
Cellular plants, Cellular cryptogams (Bot.), thoseflowerless plants which have no
ducts or fiber in their tissue, asmosses, fungi, lichens, and algæ.-- Cellular
theory, or Cell theory (Biol.), a theory, according towhich the essential element
of every tissue, either vegetable oranimal, is a cell; the whole series of cells
having been formed fromthe development of the germ cell and by differentiation
convertedinto tissues and organs which, both in plants ans animals, are to
beconsidered as a mass of minute cells communicating with each other.-- Cellular
tissue. (a) (Anat.) See conjunctive tissue underConjunctive. (b) (Bot.) Tissue
composed entirely of parenchyma, andhaving no woody fiber or ducts. cellular
telephone, a portable radio-telephone transmitting and receiving the radio-
telephonic signalsfrom one of a group of transmitter-receiver stations so arranged
thatthey provide adequate signal contact for such telephones over acertain
geographical area. The area within which one transmitter mayservice such portable
telephones is called its "cell.
CELLULATED,Cellular. Caldwell.
CELLULE,A small cell.
CELLULIFEROUS,Bearing or producing little cells.
CELLULITIS,An inflammantion of the cellular or areolar tissue, esp. ofthat lying
immediately beneath the skin.
CELLULOID,A substance composed essentially of gun cotton and camphor, andwhen pure
resembling ivory in texture and color, but variouslycolored to imitate coral,
tortoise shell, amber, malachite, etc. Itis used in the manufacture of jewelry and
many small articles, ascombs, brushes, collars, and cuffs; -- originaly called
xylonite.
CELLULOSE,Consisting of, or containing, cells.
CELOTOMY,The act or operation of cutting, to relieve the structure instrangulated
hernia. [Frequently written kelotomy.]
CELSITURE,Height; altitude. [Obs.]
CELSIUS,The Celsius thermometer or scale, so called from AndersCelsius, a Swedish
astronomer, who invented it. It is the same as thecentigrade thermometer or scale.
CELT,One of an ancient race of people, who formerly inhabited agreat part of
Central and Western Europe, and whose descendants atthe present day occupy Ireland,
Wales, the Highlands of Scotland, andthe northern shores of France. [Written also
Kelt. The letter C waspronounced hard in Celtic languages.]
CELTIBERIAN,Of or pertaining to the ancient Celtiberia (a district in Spainlying
between the Ebro and the Tagus) or its inhabitants theCeltiberi (Celts of the river
Iberus).-- n.
CELTIC,Of or pertaining to the Celts; as, Celtic people, tribes,literature, tongue.
[Written also Keltic.]
CELTICISM,A custom of the Celts, or an idiom of their language. Warton.
CELTICIZE,To render Celtic; to assimilate to the Celts.
CELTIUM,A supposed new element of the rare-earth group, accompanyinglutecium and
scandium in the gadolinite earths. Symbol, Ct (noperiod).
CEMBALO,An old mname for the harpsichord.
CEMENT STEEL,Steel produced by cementation; blister steel.
CEMENT,The layer of bone investing the root and neck of a tooth; --called also
cementum. Hydraulic cement. See under Hydraulic.
CEMENTAL,Of or pertaining to cement, as of a tooth; as, cemental tubes.R. Owen.
CEMENTATION,A process which consists in surrounding a solid body with thepowder of
other substances, and heating the whole to a degree notsufficient to cause fusion,
the physical properties of the body beingchanged by chemical combination with
powder; thus iron becomes steelby cementation with charcoal, and green glass
becomes porcelain bycementation with sand.
CEMENTATORY,Having the quality of cementating or uniting firmly.
CEMENTER,A person or thing that cements.
CEMENTITIOUS,Of the nature of cement. [R.] Forsyth.
CEMETERIAL,Of or pertaining to a cemetery. "Cemeterial cells." [R.] Sir T.Browne.
CEMETERY,A place or ground set apart for the burial of the dead; agraveyard; a
churchyard; a necropolis.
CENANTHY,The absence or suppression of the essential organs (stamens andpistil) in
a flower.
CENATION,Meal-taking; dining or supping. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CENATORY,Of or pertaining to dinner or supper. [R.]The Romans washed, were
anointed, and wore a cenatory garment. Sir T.Browne.
CENOBITE,One of a religious order, dwelling in a convent, or acommunity, in
opposition to an anchoret, or hermit, who lives insolitude. Gibbon.
CENOBITISM,The state of being a cenobite; the belief or practice of acenobite.
Milman.
CENOGAMY,The state of a communty which permits promiseuous sexualintercourse among
its members, as in certain societies practicingcommunism.
CENOTAPH,An empty tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person who isburied
elsewhere. Dryden.A cenotaph in Westminster Abbey. Macaulay.
CENOTAPHY,A cenotaph. [R.]Lord Cobham honored him with a cenotaphy. Macaulay.
CENOZOIC,Belonging to the most recent division of geological time,including the
tertiary, or Age of mammals, and the Quaternary, or Ageof man. [Written also
cænozoic, cainozoic, kainozoic.] See Geology.
CENSE,To perfume with odors from burning gums and spices.The Salii sing and cense
his altars round. Dryden.
CENSER,A vessel for perfumes; esp. one in which incense is burned.
CENSOR,One of two magistrates of Rome who took a register of thenumber and property
of citizens, and who also exercised the office ofinspector of morals and conduct.
CENSORIAN,Censorial. [R.] Bacon.
CENSORSHIP,The office or power of a censor; as, to stand for a
censorship.Holland.The press was not indeed at that moment under a general
censorship.Macaulay.
CENSUAL,Relating to, or containing, a census.He caused the whole realm to be
described in a censual roll. Sir R.Baker.
CENSURABLE,Deserving of censure; blamable; culpable; reprehensible; as, acensurable
person, or censurable conduct.-- Cen"sur*a*bleness, n.-- Cen"sur*a*bly, adv.
CENSURE,To judge. [Obs.] Shak.
CENSURER,One who censures. Sha.
CENSUS,A numbering of the people, and valuation of their estate, forthe purpose of
imposing taxes, etc.; -- usually made once in fiveyears.
CENTAGE,Rate by the hundred; percentage.
CENTAL,A weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois; -- called in manyparts of the
United States a Hundredweight.
CENTARE,A measure of area, the hundredth part of an are; one squaremeter, or about
1
CENTAUR,A fabulous being, represented as half man and half horse.
CENTAUREA,A large genus of composite plants, related to the thistles andincluding
the cornflower or bluebottle (Centaurea Cyanus) and thestar thistle (C.
Calcitrapa).
CENTAUROMACHY,A fight in which centaurs take part, -- a common theme forrelief
sculpture, as in the Parthenon metopes.
CENTAURY,A gentianaceous plant not fully identified. The name is usuallygiven to
the Erytheræa Centaurium and the Chlora perfoliata ofEurope, but is also extended
to the whole genus Sabbatia, and even tothe unrelated Centaurea.
CENTENARIAN,Of or relating to a hundred years.-- n.
CENTENNIAL STATE,Colorado; -- a nickname alluding to the fact that it wasadmitted
to the Union in the centennial year, 1876.
CENTENNIAL,The celebration of the hundredth anniversary of any event; acentenary.
[U. S.]
CENTENNIALLY,Once in a hundred years.
CENTER,A temporary structure upon which the materials of a vault orarch are
supported in position util the work becomes self-supporting.
CENTERFIRE CARTRIDGE,See under Cartridge.
CENTERING,Same as Center, n., 6. [Written also centring.]
CENTESIMAL,Hundredth.-- n.
CENTESIMATION,The infliction of the death penalty upon one person in everyhundred,
as in cases of mutiny.
CENTESIMO,A copper coin of Italy and Spain equivalent to a centime.
CENTESM,Hundredth.
CENTIARE,See centare.
CENTICIPITOUS,Hundred-headed.
CENTIFIDOUS,Divided into a hundred parts.
CENTIFOLIOUS,Having a hundred leaves.
CENTIGRADE,Consisting of a hundred degrees; graduated into a hundreddivisions or
equal parts. Spesifically: of or pertaining thecentigrade thermometer; as, 10°
centigrade (or 10° C.). Centigradethermometer, a thermometer having the zero or 0
at the pointindicating the freezing state of water, and the distance between
thatand the point indicating the boiling state of water divided into onehundred
degrees. It is called also the Celsius thermometer, fromAnders Celsius, the
originator of this scale.
CENTILOQUY,A work divided into a hundred parts. [R.] Burton.
CENTIME,The hundredth part of a franc; a small French copper coin andmoney of
account.
CENTINEL,Sentinel. [Obs.] Sackville.
CENTINODY,A weed with a sterm of many joints (Illecebrum verticillatum);also, the
Polygonum aviculare or knotgrass.
CENTIPED,A species of the Myriapoda; esp. the large, flattened, venomouskinds of
the order Chilopoda, found in tropical climates. they aremany-jointed, and have a
great number of feet. [Written alsocentipede (
CENTISTERE,The hundredth part of a stere, equal to .353 cubic feet.
CENTNER,A weight divisible first into a hundred parts, and then intosmaller parts.
CENTO,A literary or a musical composition formed by selections fromdifferent
authors disposed in a new order.
CENTONISM,The composition of a cento; the act or practice of composing acento or
centos.
CENTRAL,Relating to the center; situated in or near the center ormiddle; containing
the center; of or pertaining to the parts near thecenter; equidistant or equally
accessible from certain points.Central force (Math.), a force acting upon a body
towards or awayfrom a fixed or movable center.-- Center sun (Astron.), a name given
to a hypothetical body aboutwhich Mädler supposed the solar system together with
all the stars inthe Milky Way, to be revolving. A point near Alcyone in the
Pleiadeswas supposed to possess characteristics of the position of such abody.
CENTRALITY,The state of being central; tendency towards a center.Meantime there is
a great centrality, a centripetence equal to thecentrifugence. R. W. Emerson.
CENTRALIZATION,The act or process of centralizing, or the state of
beingcentralized; the act or process of combining or reducing severalparts into a
whole; as, the centralization of power in the generalgovernment; the centralization
of commerce in a city.
CENTRALIZE,To draw or bring to a center point; to gather into or about acenter; to
bring into one system, or under one control.[To] centralize the power of
government. Bancroft.
CENTRALLY,In a central manner or situation.
CENTRE,See Center.
CENTRICITY,The state or quality of being centric; centricalness.
CENTRIFUGAL FILTER,A filter, as for sugar, in which a cylinder with a porous
orforaminous periphery is rapidly rotated so as to drive off liquid bycentrifugal
action.
CENTRIFUGAL,A centrifugal machine.
CENTRIFUGENCE,The property or quality of being centrifugal. R. W. Emerson.
CENTRING,See Centring.
CENTRIPETENCE,Centripetency.
CENTRIPETENCY,Tendency toward the center.
CENTRISCOID,Allied to, or resembling, the genus Centriscus, of which thebellows
fish is an example.
CENTROBARIC,Relating to the center of gravity, or to the process of findingit.
Centrobaric method (Math.), a process invented for the purpose ofmeasuring the area
or the volume generated by the rotation of a lineor surface about a fixed axis,
depending upon the principle thatevery figure formed by the revolution of a line or
surface about suchan axis has for measure the product of the line or surface by
thelength of the path of its center of gravity; -- sometimes calledtheorem of
Pappus, also, incorrectly, Guldinus's properties. SeeBarycentric calculus, under
Calculus.
CENTRODE,In two figures having relative motion, one of the two curveswhich are the
loci of the instantaneous center.
CENTROID,The center of mass, inertia, or gravity of a body or system ofbodies.
CENTROLECITHAL,Having the food yolk placed at the center of the ovum,segmentation
being either regular or unequal. Balfour.
CENTROLINEAD,An instrument for drawing lines through a point, or linesconverging to
a center.
CENTROLINEAL,Converging to a center; -- applied to lines drawn so as to meetin a
point or center.
CENTROSOME,A peculiar rounded body lying near the nucleus of a cell. It isregarded
as the dynamic element by means of which the machinery ofcell division is
organized.
CENTROSPHERE,The nucleus or central part of the earth, forming most of itsmass; --
disting. from lithosphere, hydrosphere, etc.
CENTROSTALTIC,A term applied to the action of nerve force in the spinalcenter.
Marshall Hall.
CENTRUM,The body, or axis, of a vertebra. See Vertebra.
CENTRY,See Sentry. [Obs.] Gray.
CENTUMVIR,One of a court of about one hundred judges chosen to try civilsuits.
Under the empire the court was increased to 180, and metusually in four sections.
CENTUMVIRAL,Of or pertaining to the centumviri, or to a centumvir.
CENTUMVIRATE,The office of a centumvir, or of the centumviri.
CENTUPLE,Hundredfold.
CENTUPLICATE,To make a hundredfold; to repeat a hundred times. [R.] Howell.
CENTURIAL,Of or pertaining to a century; as, a centurial sermon. [R.]
CENTURIATE,Pertaining to, or divided into, centuries or hundreds. [R.]Holland.
CENTURION,A military officer who commanded a minor division of the Romanarmy; a
captain of a century.A centurion of the hand called the Italian band. Acts x. 1.
CEORL,A freeman of the lowest class; one not a thane or of theservile classes; a
churl.
CEPACEOUS,Of the nature of an onion, as in odor; alliaceous.
CEPEVOROUS,Feeding upon onions. [R.] Sterling.
CEPHALAD,Forwards; towards the head or anterior extremity of the body;opposed to
caudad.
CEPHALALGIC,Relating to, or affected with, headache.-- n.
CEPHALANTHIUM,Same as Anthodium.
CEPHALASPIS,A genus of fossil ganoid fishes found in the old red sandstoneor
Devonian formation. The head is large, and protected by a broadshield-shaped helmet
prolonged behind into two lateral points.
CEPHALATA,A large division of Mollusca, including all except thebivalves; -- so
called because the head is distinctly developed. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
CEPHALATE,Having a head.
CEPHALIC,Of or pertaining to the head. See the Note under Anterior.Cephalic index
(Anat.), the ratio of the breadth of the cranium tothe length, which is taken as
the standard, and equal to 100; thebreadth index.-- Cephalic vein, a large vein
running from the back of the headalond the arm; -- so named because the ancients
used to open it fordisorders of the head. Dunglison.
CEPHALISM,Form or development of the skull; as, the races of man differgreatly in
cephalism.
CEPHALITIS,Same as Phrenitis.
CEPHALIZATION,Domination of the head in animal life as expressed in thephysical
structure; localization of important organs or parts in ornear the head, in animal
development. Dana.
CEPHALOCERCAL,Relating to the long axis of the body.
CEPHALOID,Shaped like the head. Craing.
CEPHALOLOGY,The science which treats of the head.
CEPHALOMERE,One of the somites (arthromeres) which make up the head ofarthropods.
Packard.
CEPHALOMETER,An instrument measuring the dimensions of the head of a fetusduring
delivery.
CEPHALOMETRY,The measurement of the heads of living persons. --Ceph`a*lo*met"ric
(#),a.
CEPHALON,The head.
CEPHALOPHORA,The cephalata.
CEPHALOPODA,The highest class of Mollusca.
CEPHALOPTERA,One of the generic names of the gigantic ray (Manta birostris),known
as devilfish and sea devil. It is common on the coasts of SouthCarolina, Florida,
and farther south. Some of them grow to enormoussize, becoming twenty feet of more
across the body, and weighing morethan a ton.
CEPHALOSOME,The anterior region or head of insects and other arthropods.Packard.
CEPHALOSTYLE,The anterior end of the notochord and its bony sheath in thebase of
cartilaginous crania.
CEPHALOTHORAX,The anterior portion of any one of the Arachnida and higherCrustacea,
consisting of the united head and thorax.
CEPHALOTOME,An instrument for cutting into the fetal head, to facilitatedelivery.
CEPHALOTOMY,Craniotomy; -- usually applied to bisection of the fetal headwith a
saw.
CEPHALOTRIBE,An obstetrical instrument for performing cephalotripsy.
CEPHALOTRIPSY,The act or operation of crushing the head of a fetus in thewomb in
order to effect delivery.
CEPHALOTROCHA,A kind of annelid larva with a circle of cilia around the head.
CEPHALOUS,Having a head; -- applied chiefly to the Cephalata, a divisionof
mollusks.
CEPHEUS,(Astron.) A northern constellation near the pole. Its head,which is in the
Milky Way, is marked by a triangle formed by threestars of the fourth magnitude.
See Cassiopeia.
CERACEOUS,Having the texture and color of new wax; like wax; waxy.
CERAGO,Beebread.
CERAMIC,Of or pertaining to pottery; relating to the art of makingearthenware; as,
ceramic products; ceramic ornaments for ceilings.
CERAMICS,Work formed of clay in whole or in part, and baked; as, vases,urns, etc.
Knight.
CERARGYRITE,Native silver chloride, a mineral of a white to pale yellow orgray
color, darkening on exposure to the light. It may be cut by aknife, like lead or
horn (hence called horn silver).
CERASIN,A white amorphous substance, the insoluble part of cherry gum;-- called
also meta-arabinic acid.
CERASTES,A genus of poisonous African serpents, with a horny scale overeach eye;
the horned viper.
CERATE,An unctuous preparation for external application, of aconsistence
intermediate between that of an ointment and a plaster,so that it can be spread
upon cloth without the use of heat, but doesnot melt when applied to the skin.
CERATED,Covered with wax.
CERATINE,Sophistical.
CERATOBRANCHIA,A group of nudibranchiate Mollusca having on the backpapilliform or
branched organs serving as gills.
CERATOBRANCHIAL,Pertaining to the bone, or cartilage, below the epibranchial ina
branchial arch.-- n.
CERATODUS,A genus of ganoid fishes, of the order Dipnoi, first known asMesozoic
fossil fishes; but recently two living species have beendiscovered in Australian
rivers. They have lungs so well developedthat they can leave the water and breathe
in air. In Australia theyare called salmon and baramunda. See Dipnoi, and
Archipterygium.
CERATOHYAL,Pertaining to the bone, or carts, large, below the epihyal inthe hyoid
arch.-- n.
CERATOSAURUS,A carnivorous American Jurassic dinosaur allied to the
EuropeanMegalosaurus. The animal was nearly twenty feet in length, and theskull
bears a bony horn core on the united nasal bones. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
CERATOSPONGIAE,An order of sponges in which the skeleton consists of hornyfibers.
It includes all the commercial sponges.
CERAUNICS,That branch of physics which treats of heat and electricity. R.Park.
CERAUNOSCOPE,An instrument or apparatus employed in the ancient mysteries toimitate
thunder and lightning. T. Moore.
CERBEREAN,Of or pertaining to, or resembling, Cerberus. [Written
alsoCerberian.]With wide Cerberean mouth. Milton.
CERBERUS,A monster, in the shape, of a three-headed dog, guarding theentrance into
the infernal regions, Hence: Any vigilant custodian orguardian, esp. if surly.
CERCAL,Of or pertaining to the tail.
CERCARIA,The larval form of a trematode worm having the shape of atadpole, with its
body terminated by a tail-like appendage.
CERCARIAN,Of, like, or pertaining to, the Cercariæ.-- n.
CERCOPOD,One of the jointed antenniform appendage of the posteriorsomites of
cartain insects. Packard.
CERCUS,See Cercopod.
CERE,The soft naked sheath at the base of the beak of birds of prey,parrots, and
some other birds. See Beak.
CEREAL,Of or pertaining to the grasses which are cultivated for theiredible seeds
(as wheat, maize, rice, etc.), or to their seeds orgrain.
CEREALIA,Public festivals in honor of Ceres.
CEREALIN,A nitrogenous substance closely resembling diastase, obtainedfrom bran,
and possessing the power of converting starch intodextrin, sugar, and lactic acid.
Watts.
CEREBEL,The cerebellum. Derham.
CEREBELLUM,The large lobe of the hind brain in front of and above themedulla; the
little brain. It controls combined muscular action. SeeBrain.
CEREBRAL,Of or pertaining to the cerebrum. Cerebral apoplexy. See underApoplexy.
CEREBRALISM,The doctrine or theory that psychical phenomena are functionsor
products of the brain only.
CEREBRALIST,One who accepts cerebralism.
CEREBRATE,To exhibit mental activity; to have the brain in action.
CEREBRATION,Action of the brain, whether conscious or unconscious.
CEREBRIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the brain. Cerebric acid(Physiol.
Chem.), a name formerly sometimes given to cerebrin.
CEREBRICITY,Brain power. [R.]
CEREBRIFORM,Like the brain in form or substance.
CEREBRIFUGAL,Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the brain to thespinal
cord, and so transfer cerebral impulses (centrifugalimpressions) outwards.
CEREBRIN,A nonphosphorized, nitrogenous substance, obtained from brainand nerve
tissue by extraction with boiling alcohol. It is uncertainwhether it exists as such
in nerve tissue, or is a product of thedecomposition of some more complex
substance.
CEREBRIPETAL,Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the spinal cord tothe
brain and so transfer sensations (centripetal impressions) fromthe exterior
inwards.
CEREBRITIS,Inflammation of the cerebrum.
CEREBRO-SPINAL,Of or pertaining to the central nervous system consisting ofthe
brain and spinal cord. Cerebro-spinal fluid (Physiol.), a serousfluid secreted by
the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.-- Cerebro-spinal meningitis,
Cerebro-spinal fever (Med.), adangerous epidemic, and endemic, febrile disease,
characterized byinflammation of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord,
givingrise to severe headaches, tenderness of the back of the neck,paralysis of the
ocular muscles, etc. It is sometimes marked by acutaneous eruption, when it is
often called spotted fever. It is notcontagious.
CEREBROID,Resembling, or analogous to, the cerebrum or brain.
CEREBROLOGY,The science which treats of the cerebrum or brain.
CEREBROPATHY,A hypochondriacal condition verging upon insanity, occurring inthose
whose brains have been unduly taxed; -- called also brain fag.
CEREBROSCOPY,Examination of the brain for the diagnosis of diseas; esp., theact or
process of diagnosticating the condition of the brain byexamination of the interior
of the eye (as with an ophthalmoscope).Buck.
CEREBROSE,A sugarlike body obtained by the decomposition of thenitrogenous non-
phosphorized principles of the brain.
CEREBRUM,The anterior, and in man the larger, division of the brain; theseat of the
reasoning faculties and the will. See Brain.
CERECLOTH,A cloth smeared with melted wax, or with some gummy orglutinous
matter.Linen, besmeared with gums, in manner of cerecloth. Bacon.
CEREMONIALISM,Adherence to external rites; fondness for ceremony.
CEREMONIALLY,According to rites and ceremonies; as, a person ceremoniallyunclean.
CEREMONIALNESS,Quality of being ceremonial.
CEREMONIOUSLY,In a ceremonious way.
CEREMONIOUSNESS,The quality, or practice, of being ceremonious.
CEREOUS,Waxen; like wax. [Obs.] Gayton.
CERES,The daughter of Saturn and Ops or Rhea, the goddess of corn andtillage.
CERESIN,A white wax, made by bleaching and purifying ozocerite, andused as a
substitute for beeswax.
CEREUS,A genus of plants of the Cactus family. They are natives ofAmerica, from
California to Chili.
CEREVIS,A small visorless cap, worn by members of German student corps.It is made
in the corps colors, and usually bears the insignia of thecorps.
CERIA,Cerium oxide, CeO2, a white infusible substance constitutingabout one per
cent of the material of the common incandescent mantle.
CERIAL,Same as Cerial. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CERIFEROUS,Producing wax.
CERIN,A waxy substance extracted by alcohol or ether from cork;sometimes applied
also to the portion of beeswax which is soluble inalcohol. Watts.
CERINTHIAN,One of an ancient religious sect, so called fron Cerinthus, aJew, who
attempted to unite the doctrines of Christ with the opinionsof the Jews and
Gnostics. Hook.
CERIPH,One of the fine lines of a letter, esp. one of the fine crossstrokes at the
top and bottom of letters. [Spelt also seriph.]Savage.
CERISE,Cherry-colored; a light bright red; --- applied to textilefabrics,
especially silk.
CERITE,A gastropod shell belonging to the family Cerithiïdæ; -- socalled from its
hornlike form.
CERIUM,A rare metallic element, occurring in the minerals cerite,allanite,
monazite, etc. Symbol Ce. Atomic weight 141.5. It resemblesiron in color and
luster, but is soft, and both malleable andductile. It tarnishes readily in the
air.
CERNUOUS,Inclining or nodding downward; pendulous; drooping; -- said ofa bud,
flower, fruit, or the capsule of a moss.
CERO,A large and valuable fish of the Mackerel family, of the genusScomberomorus.
Two species are found in the West Indies and lesscommonly on the Atlantic coast of
the United States, -- the commoncero (Scomberomorus caballa), called also kingfish,
and spotted, orking, cero (S. regalis).
CEROGRAPH,A writing on wax. Knight.
CEROGRAPHIST,One who practices cerography.
CEROLITE,A hydrous silicate of magnesium, allied to serpentine,occurring in waxlike
masses of a yellow or greenish color.
CEROMA,That part of the baths and gymnasia in which bathers andwrestlers anointed
themselves.
CEROMANCY,Divination by dropping melted wax in water.
CEROON,A bale or package. covered with hide, or with wood bound withhide; as, a
ceroon of indigo, cochineal, etc.
CEROPLASTIC,The art of modeling in wax.
CEROSIN,A waxy substance obtained from the bark of the sugar cane, andcrystallizing
in delicate white laminæ.
CEROTE,See Cerate.
CEROTENE,A white waxy solid obtained from Chinese wax, and by thedistillation of
cerotin.
CEROTIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, beeswax or Chinese wax; as,cerotic acid or
alcohol.
CEROTIN,A white crystalline substance, C27H55.OH, obtained from Chinesewax, and
regarded as an alcohol of the marsh gas series; -- calledalso cerotic alcohol,
ceryl alcohol.
CEROTYPE,A printing process of engraving on a surface of wax spread on asteel
plate, for electrotyping.
CERRIAL,Of or pertaining to the cerris.Chaplets green of cerrial oak. Dryden.
CERRIS,A species of oak (Quercus cerris) native in the Orient andsouthern Europe;
-- called also bitter oak and Turkey oak.
CERTAIN,Certainly. [Obs.] Milton.
CERTAINLY,Without doubt or question; unquestionably.
CERTAINNESS,Certainty.
CERTAINTY,Clearness; freedom from ambiguity; lucidity. Of a certainty,certainly.
CERTES,Certainly; in truth; verily. [Archaic]Certes it great pity was to see Him
his nobility so foul deface.Spenser.
CERTIFICATION,The act of certifying.
CERTIFIER,One who certifies or assures.
CERTIORARI,A writ issuing out of chancery, or a superior court, to call upthe
records of a inferior court, or remove a cause there depending,in order that the
party may have more sure and speedy justice, orthat errors and irreguarities may be
corrected. It is obtained uponcomplaint of a party that he has not received
justice, or can nothave an impartial trial in the inferior court.
CERTITUDE,Freedom from doubt; assurance; certainty. J. H. Newman.
CERULE,Blue; cerulean. [Obs.] Dyer.
CERULEAN,Sky-colored; blue; azure. Cowper.Blue, blue, as if that sky let fallA
flower from its cerulean wall. Bryant.
CERULEIN,A fast dyestuff, C20H8O6, made by heating gallein with strongsulphuric
acid. It dyes mordanted fabrics green.
CERULEOUS,Cerulean. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CERULESCENT,Tending to cerulean; light bluish.
CERULEUM,A greenish blue pigment prepared in various ways, consistingessentially of
cobalt stannate. Unlike other cobalt blues, it doesnot change color by gaslight.
CERULIFIC,Producing a blue or sky color. [R.]
CERUMEN,The yellow, waxlike secretion from the glands of the externalear; the
earwax.
CERUMINOUS,Pertaining to, or secreting, cerumen; as, the ceruminousglands.
CERUSE,The native carbonate of lead.
CERUSED,Washed with a preparation of white lead; as, cerused face.Beau. & Fl.
CERVANTITE,See under Antimony.
CERVELAT,An ancient wind instrument, resembling the bassoon in tone.
CERVICAL,Of or pertaining to the neck; as, the cervical vertebræ.
CERVICIDE,The act of killing deer; deer-slaying. [R.]
CERVINE,Of or pertaining to the deer, or to the family Cervidæ.
CERVIX,The neck; also, the necklike portion of any part, as of thewomb. See Illust.
of Bird.
CERVUS,A genus of ruminants, including the red deer and other alliedspecies.
CERYL,A radical, C27H55 supposed to exist in several compoundsobtained from Chinese
wax, beeswax, etc.
CESARISM,See Cæsarism.
CESPITINE,An oil obtained by distillation of peat, and containing variousmembers of
the pyridine series.
CESPITITIOUS,Same as Cespitious. [R.] Gough.
CESPITOSE,Having the form a piece of turf, i. e., many stems from onerootstock or
from many entangled rootstocks or roots. [Written alsocæspitose.]
CESPITOUS,Pertaining to, consisting, of resembling, turf; turfy.A cespitous or
turfy plant has many stems from the same root, usuallyforming a close, thick carpet
of matting. Martyn.
CESS,To rate; to tax; to assess. Spenser.
CESSANT,Inactive; dormant [Obs.] W. Montagu.
CESSATION,A ceasing of discontinuance, as of action, whether termporaryor final; a
stop; as, a cessation of the war.The temporary cessation of the papal iniquities.
Motley.The day was yearly observed for a festival by cessation from labor.Sir J.
Hayward.Cessation of arms (Mil.), an armistice, or truce, agreed to by
thecommanders of armies, to give time for a capitulation, or for otherpurposes.
CESSAVIT,A writ given by statute to recover lands when the tenant hasfor two years
failed to perform the conditions of his tenure.
CESSER,a neglect of a tenant to perform services, or make payment, fortwo years.
CESSIBLE,Giving way; yielding. [Obs.] -- Ces`si*bil"i*ty, n. [Obs.] SirK. Digby.
CESSION,The giving up or vacating a benefice by accepting anotherwithout a proper
dispensation.
CESSIONARY,Having surrendered the effects; as, a cessionary bankrupt.Martin.
CESSMENT,An assessment or tax. [Obs.] Johnson.
CESSOR,One who neglects, for two years, to perform the service bywhich he holds
lands, so that he incurs the danger of the writ ofcessavit. See Cessavit. Cowell.
CESSPIPE,A pipe for carrying off waste water, etc., from a sink orcesspool. Knight.
CESSPOOL,A cistern in the course, or the termination, of a drain, tocollect
sedimentary or superfluous matter; a privy vault; anyreceptace of filth. [Written
also sesspool.]
CEST,A woman's girdle; a cestus. [R.] Collins.
CESTODE,Of or pertaining to the Cestoidea.-- n.
CESTOID,Of or pertaining to the Cestoidea.-- n.
CESTOIDEA,A class of parasitic worms (Platelminthes) of which thetapeworms are the
most common examples. The body is flattened, andusually but not always long, and
composed of numerous joints orsegments, each of which may contain a complete set of
male and femalereproductive organs. They have neither mouth nor intestine.
SeeTapeworm. [Written also Cestoda.]
CESTOLDEAN,One of the Cestoidea.
CESTRACIONT,A shark of the genus Cestracion, and of related genera. Theposterior
teeth form a pavement of bony plates for crushingshellfish. Most of the species are
extinct. The Port Jackson sharkand a similar one found in California are living
examples.
CESTUS,A girdle; particularly that of Aphrodite (or Venus) which gavethe wearer the
power of exciting love.
CESURA,See Cæsura.
CESURAL,See Cæsural.
CETACEA,An order of marine mammals, including the whales. Like ordinarymammals they
breathe by means of lungs, and bring forth living youngwhich they suckle for some
time. The anterior limbs are changed topaddles; the tail flukes are horizontal.
There are two livingsuborders: (a) The Mysticete or whalebone whales, having no
trueteeth after birth, but with a series of plates of whalebone [seeBaleen.]
hanging down from the upper jaw on each side, thus making astrainer, through which
they receive the small animals upon whichthey feed. (b) The Denticete, including
the dolphins and sperm whale,which have teeth. Another suborder (Zeuglodontia) is
extinct. TheSirenia were formerly included in the Cetacea, but are now made
aseparate order.
CETACEAN,One of the Cetacea.
CETACEOUS,Of or pertaining to the Cetacea.
CETE,One of the Cetacea, or collectively, the Cetacea.
CETENE,An oily hydrocarbon, C16H32, of the ethylene series, obtainedfrom
spermaceti.
CETERACH,A species of fern with fronds (Asplenium Ceterach).
CETEWALE,Same as Zedoary. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CETIC,Of or pertaining to a whale.
CETIN,A white, waxy substance, forming the essential part ofspermaceti.
CETOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to cetology.
CETOLOGIST,One versed in cetology.
CETOLOGY,The description or natural history of cetaceous animals.
CETRARIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the lichen, Iceland moss(Cetaria
Islandica). Cetraric acid. See Cetrarin.
CETRARIN,A white substance extracted from the lichen, Iceland moss(Cetraria
Islandica). It consists of several ingredients, among whichis cetraric acid, a
white, crystalline, bitter substance.
CETYL,A radical, C16H33, not yet isolated, but supposed to exist in aseries of
compounds homologous with the ethyl compounds, and derivedfrom spermaceti.
CETYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, spermaceti. Cetylic alcohol(Chem.), a
white, waxy, crystalline solid, obtained from spermaceti,and regarded as homologous
with ordinary, or ethyl, alcohol; ethal; -- called also cetyl alcohol.
CEYLANITE,A dingy blue, or grayish black, variety of spinel. It is alsocalled
pleonaste. [Written also ceylonite.]
CEYLONESE,Of or pertaining to Ceylon.-- n. sing. & pl.
CHA,Tea; -- the Chinese (Mandarin) name, used generally in earlyworks of travel,
and now for a kind of rolled tea used in CentralAsia.
CHAB,The red-bellied wood pecker (Melanerpes Carolinus).
CHABLIS,A white wine made near Chablis, a town in France.
CHACE,See 3d Chase, n., 3.
CHACHALACA,The texan guan (Ortalis vetula). [written also chiacalaca.]
CHACMA,A large species of African baboon (Cynocephalus porcarius); --called also
ursine baboon.
CHACONNE,An old Spanish dance in moderate three-four measure, like thePassacaglia,
which is slower. Both are used by classical composers asthemes for variations.
CHAD,See Shad. [Obs.]
CHAETETES,A genus of fossil corals, common in the lower Silurianlimestones.
CHAETIFEROUS,Bearing setæ.
CHAETODONT,A marine fish of the family Chætodontidæ. The chætodonts havebroad,
compressed bodies, and usually bright colors.
CHAETOGNATH,Of or pertaining to the Chætognatha.
CHAETOGNATHA,An order of free-swimming marine worms, of which the genusSagitta is
the type. They have groups of curved spines on each sideof the head.
CHAETOPOD,Pertaining to the Chætopoda.-- n.
CHAETOPODA,A very extensive order of Annelida, characterized by thepresence of
lateral setæ, or spines, on most or all of the segments.They are divided into two
principal groups: Oligochæta, including theearthworms and allied forms, and
Polychæta, including most of themarine species.
CHAETOTAXY,The arrangement of bristles on an insect.
CHAFE,To rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear byfriction.Made
its great boughs chafe together. Longfellow.The troubled Tiber chafing with her
shores. Shak.
CHAFER,A kind of beetle; the cockchafer. The name is also applied toother species;
as, the rose chafer.
CHAFERY,An open furnace or forge, in which blooms are heated beforebeing wrought
into bars.
CHAFEWEED,The cudweed (Gnaphalium), used to prevent or cure chafing.
CHAFF,The scales or bracts on the receptacle, which subtend eachflower in the heads
of many Compositæ, as the sunflower. Gray. Chaffcutter, a machine for cutting, up
straw, etc., into "chaff" for theuse of cattle.
CHAFFER,One who chaffs.
CHAFFERER,One who chaffers; a bargainer.
CHAFFERN,A vessel for heating water. [Obs.] Johnson.
CHAFFERY,Traffic; bargaining. [Obs.] Spenser.
CHAFFINCH,A bird of Europe (Fringilla coelebs), having a variety of verysweet
songs, and highly valued as a cage bird; -- called also copperfinch.
CHAFFING,The use of light, frivolous language by way of fun or ridicule;raillery;
banter.
CHAFFLESS,Without chaff.
CHAFING,The act of rubbing, or wearing by friction; making by rubbing.Chafing dish,
a dish or vessel for cooking on the table, or forkeeping food warm, either by
coals, by a lamp, or by hot water; aportable grate for coals.-- Chafing gear
(Naut.), any material used to protect sails,rigging, or the like, at points where
they are exposed to friction.
CHAGREEN,See Shagreen.
CHAGRES FEVER,A form of malarial fever occurring along the Chagres River,Panama.
CHAGRIN,Vexation; mortification.I must own that I felt rather vexation and chagrin
than hope andsatisfaction. Richard Porson.Hear me, and touch Belinda with chagrin.
Pope.
CHAIN PUMP,A pump consisting of an endless chain, running over a drum orwheel by
which it is moved, and dipping below the water to be raised.The chain has at
intervals disks or lifts which fit the tube throughwhich the ascending part passes
and carry the water to the point ofdischarge.
CHAIN STITCH,A stitch in which the looping of the thread or threads forms achain on
the under side of the work; the loop stitch, asdistinguished from the lock stitch.
See Stitch.
CHAIN TIE,A tie consisting of a series of connected iron bars or rods.
CHAIN,An instrument which consists of links and is used in measuringland.
CHAINLESS,Having no chain; not restrained or fettered. "The chainlessmind." Byron.
CHAINLET,A small chain. Sir W. Scott.
CHAINWORK,Work looped or linked after the manner of a chain; chain stitchwork.
CHAIRMANSHIP,The office of a chairman of a meeting or organized body.
CHAISE,a carriage in general. Cowper.
CHAJA,The crested screamer of Brazil (Palamedea, or Chauna,chavaria), so called in
imitation of its notes; -- called alsochauna, and faithful kamichi. It is often
domesticated and is usefulin guarding other poultry. See Kamichi.
CHAK,To toss up the head frequently, as a horse to avoid therestraint of the
bridle.
CHALAZA,The place on an ovule, or seed, where its outer coats coherewith each other
and the nucleus.
CHALAZAL,Of or pertaining to the chalaza.
CHALAZE,Same as Chalaza.
CHALAZIFEROUS,Having or bearing chalazas.
CHALAZION,A small circumscribed tumor of the eyelid caused by retentionof
secretion, and by inflammation of the Melbomian glands.
CHALAZOGAMY,A process of fecundation in which the pollen tube penetrates tothe
embryosac through the tissue of the chalaza, instead of enteringthrough the
micropyle. It was originally discovered by Treub inCasuarina, and has since been
found to occur regularly in thefamilies Betulaceæ and Juglandaceæ. Partial
chalazogamy is found inUlmus, the tube here penetrating the nucleus midway between
thechalaza and micropyle. --Chal`a*zo*gam"ic (#), a.
CHALCANTHITE,Native blue vitriol. See Blue vitriol, under Blue.
CHALCEDONIC,Of or pertaining to chalcedony.
CHALCEDONY,A cryptocrystalline, translucent variety of quartz, havingusually a
whitish color, and a luster nearly like wax. [Written alsocalcedony.]
CHALCHIHUITL,The Mexican name for turquoise. See Turquoise.
CHALCID FLY,One of a numerous family of hymenopterous insects (Chalcididæ.Many are
gallflies, others are parasitic on insects.
CHALCIDIAN,One of a tropical family of snakelike lizards (Chalcidæ),having four
small or rudimentary legs.
CHALCOCITE,Native copper sulphide, called also copper glance, and vitreouscopper; a
mineral of a black color and metallic luster. [Formerlywritten chalcosine.]
CHALCOGRAPHY,The act or art of engraving on copper or brass, especially ofengraving
for printing.
CHALCOPYRITE,Copper pyrites, or yellow copper ore; a common ore of opper,containing
copper, iron, and sulphur. It occurs massive and intetragonal crystals of a bright
brass yellow color.
CHALDAIC,Of or pertaining to Chaldes.-- n.
CHALDAISM,An idiom or peculiarity in the Chaldee dialect.
CHALDEAN,Of or pertaining to Chaldea.-- n.(a) A native or inhabitant of Chaldea.(b)
A learned man, esp. an astrologer; -- so called among the Easternnations, because
astrology and the kindred arts were much cultivatedby the Chaldeans.(c) Nestorian.
CHALDEE,Of or pertaining to Chaldea.-- n.
CHALDRON,An English dry measure, being, at London, 36 bushels heaped up,or its
equivalent weight, and more than twice as much at Newcastle.Now used exlusively for
coal and coke.
CHALICE,A cup or bowl; especially, the cup used in the sacrament of theLord's
Supper.
CHALICED,Having a calyx or cup; cupshaped. "Chaliced flowers." Shak.
CHALK,A soft, earthy substance, of a white, grayish, or yellowishwhite color,
consisting of calcium carbonate, and having the samecomposition as common
limestone.
CHALKCUTTER,A man who digs chalk.
CHALKINESS,The state of being chalky.
CHALKSTONE,A chalklike concretion, consisting mainly of urate of sodium,found in
and about the small joints, in the external ear, and inother situations, in those
affected with gout; a tophus.
CHALKY,Consisting of, or resembling, chalk; containing chalk; as, achalky cliff; a
chalky taste.
CHALLENGE,The opening and crying of hounds at first finding the scent oftheir game.
CHALLENGEABLE,That may be challenged.
CHALLENGER,One who challenges.
CHALLIS,A soft and delicate woolen, or woolen and silk, fabric, forladies' dresses.
[Written also chally.]
CHALON,A bed blanket. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHALYBEATE,Impregnated with salts of iron; having a taste like iron; as,chalybeate
springs.
CHALYBEOUS,Steel blue; of the color of tempered steel.
CHALYBITE,Native iron carbonate; -- usually called siderite.
CHAM,To chew. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Sir T. More.
CHAMADE,A signal made for a parley by beat of a drum.They beat the chamade, and
sent us carte blanche. Addison.
CHAMAL,The Angora goat. See Angora goat, under Angora.
CHAMBER,Apartments in a lodging house. "A bachelor's life in chambers."Thackeray.
CHAMBERED,Having a chamber or chambers; as, a chambered shell; achambered gun.
CHAMBERING,Lewdness. [Obs.] Rom. xiii. 13.
CHAMBERLAINSHIP,Office if a chamberlain.
CHAMBERTIN,A red wine from Chambertin near Dijon, in Burgundy.
CHAMBRANLE,An ornamental bordering or framelike decoration around thesides and top
of a door, window, or fireplace. The top piece iscalled the traverse and the side
pieces the ascendants.
CHAMBRAY,A gingham woven in plain colors with linen finish.
CHAMBREL,Same as Gambrel.
CHAMECK,A kind of spider monkey (Ateles chameck), having the thumbsrudimentary and
without a nail.
CHAMELEON,A lizardlike reptile of the genus Chamæleo, of several species,found in
Africa, Asia, and Europe. The skin is covered with finegranmulations; the tail is
prehensile, and the body is muchcompressed laterally, giving it a high back.
CHAMELEONIZE,To change into various colors. [R.]
CHAMFER,The surface formed by cutting away the arris, or angle, formedby two faces
of a piece of timber, stone, etc.
CHAMFRET,A small gutter; a furrow; a groove.
CHAMFRON,The frontlet, or head armor, of a horse. [Written alsochampfrain and
chamfrain.]
CHAMISAL,A California rosaceous shrub (Adenostoma fasciculatum) whichoften forms an
impenetrable chaparral.
CHAMLET,See Camlet. [Obs.]
CHAMOIS,A small species of antelope (Rupicapra tragus), living on theloftiest
mountain ridges of Europe, as the Alps, Pyrenees, etc. Itpossesses remarkable
agility, and is a favorite object of chase.
CHAMOMILE,See Camomile.
CHAMP,To bite or chew impatiently.They began . . . irefully to champ upon the bit.
Hooker.
CHAMPAGNE,A light wine, of several kinds, originally made in the provinceof
Champagne, in France.
CHAMPAIGN,A flat, open country.Fair champaign, with less rivers interveined.
Milton.Through Apline vale or champaign wide. Wordsworth.
CHAMPER,One who champs, or bites.
CHAMPERTOR,One guilty of champerty; one who purchases a suit, or the rightof suing,
and carries it on at his own expense, in order to obtain ashare of the gain.
CHAMPERTY,The prosecution or defense of a suit, whether by furnishingmoney or
personal services, by one who has no legitimate concerntherein, in consideration of
an agreement that he shall receive, inthe event of success, a share of the matter
in suit; maintenance withthe addition of an agreement to divide the thing in suit.
SeeMaintenance.
CHAMPIGNON,An edible species of mushroom (Agaricus campestris). Fairy
ringchampignon, the Marasmius oreades, which has a strong flavor but isedible.
CHAMPIONNESS,A female champion. Fairfax.
CHAMPIONSHIP,State of being champion; leadership; supremancy.
CHAMPLAIN PERIOD,A subdivision of the Quaternary age immediately following
theGlacial period; -- so named from beds near Lake Champlain.
CHAMPLEVE,Having the ground engraved or cut out in the parts to beenameled; inlaid
in depressions made in the ground; -- said of a kindof enamel work in which
depressions made in the surface are filledwith enamel pastes, which are afterward
fired; also, designating theprocess of making such enamel work. --n.
CHAMSIN,See Kamsin.
CHANCE,Probability.
CHANCE-MEDLEY,The kiling of another in self-defense upon a sudden andunpremeditated
encounter. See Chaud-Medley.
CHANCEABLE,Fortuitous; casual. [Obs.]
CHANCEABLY,By chance. [Obs.]
CHANCEFUL,Hazardous. [Obs.] Spenser.
CHANCELLERY,Chancellorship. [Obs.] Gower.
CHANCELLOR,A judicial court of chancery, which in England and in theUnited States
is distinctively a court with equity jurisdiction.
CHANCELLORSHIP,The office of a chancellor; the time during which one ischancellor.
CHANCRE,A venereal sore or ulcer; specifically, the initial lesion oftrue syphilis,
whether forming a distinct ulcer or not; -- calledalso hard chancre, indurated
chancre, and Hunterian chancre. Softchancre. A chancroid. See Chancroid.
CHANCROID,A venereal sore, resembling a chancre in its seat and someexternal
characters, but differing from it in being the startingpoint of a purely local
process and never of a systemic disease; --called also soft chancre.
CHANCROUS,Of the nature of a chancre; having chancre.
CHANDELIER,A movable parapet, serving to support fascines to coverpioneers. [Obs.]
CHANDLERLY,Like a chandler; in a petty way. [Obs.] Milton.
CHANDLERY,Commodities sold by a chandler.
CHANDOO,An extract or preparation of opium, used in China and India forsmoking.
Balfour.
CHANDRY,Chandlery. [Obs.] "Torches from the chandry." B. Jonson.
CHANFRIN,The fore part of a horse's head.
CHANGE GEAR,A gear by means of which the speed of machinery or of a vehiclemay be
changed while that of the propelling engine or motor remainsconstant; -- called
also change-speed gear.
CHANGE KEY,A key adapted to open only one of a set of locks; --distinguished from a
master key.
CHANGE,A place where merchants and others meet to transact business; abuilding
appropriated for mercantile transactions. [Colloq. forExchange.]
CHANGEABILITY,Changeableness.
CHANGEABLENESS,The quality of being changeable; fickleness; inconstancy;mutability.
CHANGEABLY,In a changeable manner.
CHANGEFUL,Full of change; mutable; inconstant; fickle; uncertain. Pope.His course
had been changeful. Motley.-- Change"ful*ly, adv.-- Change"ful*ness, n.
CHANGELESS,That can not be changed; constant; as, a changeless purpose.--
Change"less*ness, n.
CHANK,The East Indian name for the large spiral shell of severalspecies of sea
conch much used in making bangles, esp. Turbinellapyrum. Called also chank chell.
CHANNEL,A strait, or narrow sea, between two portions of lands; as, theBritish
Channel.
CHANSON DE GESTE,Any Old French epic poem having for its subject events orexploits
of early French history, real or legendary, and writtenoriginally in assonant verse
of ten or twelve syllables. The mostfamous one is the Chanson de Roland.
CHANSON,A song. Shak.
CHANSONNETTE,A little song.These pretty little chansonnettes that he sung. Black.
CHANT,To sing or recite after the manner of a chant, or to a tunecalled a chant.
CHANTANT,Composed in a melodious and singing style.
CHANTER,The hedge sparrow.
CHANTERELLE,A name for several species of mushroom, of which one(Cantharellus
cibrius) is edible, the others reputed poisonous.
CHANTEY,A sailor's song.
CHANTICLEER,A cock, so called from the clearness or loundness of his voicein
crowing.
CHANTING,Singing, esp. as a chant is sung. Chanting falcon (Zoöl.), anAfrican
falcon (Melierax canorus or musicus). The male has the habit,remarkable in a bird
of prey, of singing to his mate, while she isincubating.
CHANTOR,A chanter.
CHANTRESS,A female chanter or singer. Milton.
CHAOMANCY,Divination by means of apperances in the air.
CHAOTIC,Resembling chaos; confused.
CHAOTICALLY,In a chaotic manner.
CHAP,To bargain; to buy. [Obs.]
CHAPARAJOS,Overalls of sheepskin or leather, usually open at the back,worn, esp. by
cowboys, to protect the legs from thorny bushes, as inthe chaparral; -- called also
chapareras or colloq. chaps. [Sp.Amer.]
CHAPARERAS,Same as Chaparajos. [Sp. Amer.]
CHAPBOOK,Any small book carried about for sale by chapmen or hawkers.Hence, any
small book; a toy book.
CHAPEAU,A cap of maintenance. See Maintenance. Chapeau bras ( Etym: [F.chapeau hat
+ bras arm], a hat so made that it can be compressed andcarried under the arm
without injury. Such hats were particularlyworn on dress occasions by gentlemen in
the 18th century. A chapeaubras is now worn in the United States army by general
and staffofficers.
CHAPED,Furnished with a chape or chapes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHAPEL,To cause (a ship taken aback in a light breeze) so to turn ormake a circuit
as to recover, without bracing the yards, the sametack on which she had been
sailing.
CHAPELESS,Without a chape.
CHAPELLANY,A chapel within the jurisdiction of a church; a
subordinateecclesiastical foundation.
CHAPELRY,The territorial disrict legally assigned to a chapel.
CHAPERON,To attend in public places as a guide and protector;
tomatronize.Fortunately Lady Bell Finley, whom I had promised to chaperon, sentto
excuse herself. Hannah More.
CHAPERONAGE,Attendance of a chaperon on a lady in public; protectionafforded by a
chaperon.
CHAPFALLEN,Having the lower chap or jaw drooping, -- an indication ofhumiliation
and dejection; crestfallen; discouraged. See Chopfallen.
CHAPITER,A capital [Obs.] See Chapital. Ex. xxxvi. 38.
CHAPLAINCY,The office, position, or station of a chaplain. Swift.
CHAPLESS,Having no lower jaw; hence, fleshless. [R.] "Yellow, chaplessskulls."
Shak.
CHAPLET,A small molding, carved into beads, pearls, olives, etc.
CHAPPY,Full of chaps; cleft; gaping; open.
CHAPS,The jaws, or the fleshy parts about them. See Chap. "Open yourchaps again."
Shak.
CHAPTREL,An impost. [Obs.]
CHAR,A car; a chariot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHAR-A-BANC,A long, light, open vehicle, with benches or seats runninglengthwise.
CHARA,A genus of flowerless plants, having articulated stems andwhorled branches.
They flourish in wet places.
CHARACT,A distinctive mark; a character; a letter or sign. [Obs.] SeeCharacter.In
all his dressings, characts, titles, forms. Shak.
CHARACTERISM,A distinction of character; a characteristic. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CHARACTERISTIC,Pertaining to, or serving to constitute, the character; showingthe
character, or distinctive qualities or traits, of a person orthing; peculiar;
distinctive.Characteristic clearness of temper. Macaulay.
CHARACTERISTICAL,Characteristic.
CHARACTERISTICALLY,In a characteristic manner; in a way that characterizes.
CHARACTERIZATION,The act or process of characterizing.
CHARACTERLESS,Destitute of any distinguishing quality; without character orforce.
CHARADE,A verbal or acted enigma based upon a word which has two ormore significant
syllables or parts, each of which, as well as theword itself, is to be guessed from
the descriptions orrepresentations.
CHARBOCLE,Carbuncle. [Written also Charboncle.] [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHARBON,A small black spot or mark remaining in the cavity of thecorner tooth of a
horse after the large spot or mark has becomeobliterated.
CHARCOAL,Finely prepared charcoal in small sticks, used as a drawingimplement.
Animal charcoal, a fine charcoal prepared by calciningbones in a closed vessel; --
used as a filtering agent in sugarrefining, and as an absorbent and disinfectant.--
Charcoal blacks, the black pigment, consisting of burnt ivory,bone, cock, peach
stones, and other substances.-- Charcoal drawing (Fine Arts), a drawing made with
charcoal. SeeCharcoal, 2. Until within a few years this material has been
usedalmost exclusively for preliminary outline, etc., but at present manyfinished
drawings are made with it.-- Charcoal point, a carbon pencil prepared for use un an
electriclight apparatus.-- Mineral charcoal, a term applied to silky fibrous layers
ofcharcoal, interlaminated in beds of ordinary bituminous coal; --known to miners
as mother of coal.
CHARE,A narrow street. [Prov. Eng.]
CHARGE,To assume as a bearing; as, he charges three roses or; to addto or represent
on; as, he charges his shield with three roses or.
CHARGEABLENESS,The quality of being chargeable or expensive. [Obs.]Whitelocke.
CHARGEABLY,At great cost; expensively. [Obs.]
CHARGEANT,Burdensome; troublesome. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHARGEFUL,Costly; expensive. [Obs.]The fineness of the gold and chargeful fashion.
Shak.
CHARGEHOUSE,A schoolhouse. [Obs.]
CHARGELESS,Free from, or with little, charge.
CHARGEOUS,Burdensome. [Obs.]I was chargeous to no man. Wyclif, (2 Cor. xi. 9).
CHARGESHIP,The office of a chargé d'affaires.
CHARILY,In a chary manner; carefully; cautiously; frugally.
CHARINESS,The quality of being chary.
CHARIOT,A two-wheeled car or vehicle for war, racing, stateprocessions, etc.First
moved the chariots, after whom the foot. Cowper.
CHARIOTEE,A light, covered, four-wheeled pleasure carriage with twoseats.
CHARIOTEER,A constellation. See Auriga, and Wagones.
CHARISM,A miraculously given power, as of healing, speaking foreignlanguages
without instruction, etc., attributed to some of the earlyChristians.
CHARISMATIC,Of or pertaining to a charism.
CHARITABLENESS,The quality of being charitable; the exercise of charity.
CHARITABLY,In a charitable manner.
CHARITY,Defn:Now abideth faith, hope, charity, three; but the greatest of these
ischarity. 1. Cor. xiii. 13.They, at least, are little to be envied, in whose
hearts the greatcharities . . . lie dead. Ruskin.With malice towards none, with
charity for all. Lincoln.
CHARIVARI,A mock serenade of discordant noises, made with kettles, tinhorns, etc.,
designed to annoy and insult.
CHARK,Charcoal; a cinder. [Obs.] DeFoe.
CHARLATAN,One who prates much in his own favor, and makes unwarrantablepretensions;
a quack; an impostor; an empiric; a mountebank.
CHARLATANISM,Charlatanry.
CHARLATANRY,Undue pretensions to skill; quackery; wheedling; empiricism.
CHARLOCK,A cruciferous plant (Brassica sinapistrum) with yellow flowers;wild
mustard. It is troublesome in grain fields. Called alsochardock, chardlock,
chedlock, and kedlock. Jointed charlock, Whitecharlock, a troublesome weed
(Raphanus Raphanistrum) with straw-colored, whitish, or purplish flowers, and
jointed pods: wild radish.
CHARLOTTE,A kind of pie or pudding made by lining a dish with slices ofbread, and
filling it with bread soaked in milk, and baked. CharlotteRusse (, or Charlotte à
la russe Etym: [F., lit., Russian charlotte](Cookery), a dish composed of custard
or whipped cream, inclosed insponge cake.
CHARMEL,A fruitful field.Libanus shall be turned into charmel, and charmel shall be
esteemedas a forest. Isa. xxix. 17 (Douay version).
CHARMERESS,An enchantress. Chaucer.
CHARMFUL,Abounding with charms. "His charmful lyre." Cowley.
CHARMING,Pleasing the mind or senses in a high degree; delighting;fascinating;
attractive.How charming is divine philosophy. Milton.
CHARMLESS,Destitute of charms. Swift.
CHARNEL,Containing the bodies of the dead. "Charnel vaults." Milton.Charnel house,
a tomb, vault, cemetery, or other place where thebones of the dead are deposited;
originally, a place for the bonesthrown up when digging new graves in old burial
grounds.
CHARON,The son of Erebus and Nox, whose office it was to ferry thesouls of the dead
over the Styx, a river of the infernal regions.Shak.
CHARPIE,Straight threads obtained by unraveling old linen cloth; --used for
surgical dressings.
CHARQUI,Jerked beef; beef cut into long strips and dried in the windand sun.
Darwin.
CHARR,See 1st Char.
CHARRAS,The gum resin of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). Same asChurrus. Balfour.
CHARRE,See Charge, n., 17.
CHARRY,Pertaining to charcoal, or partaking of its qualities.
CHART,To lay down in a chart; to map; to delineate; as, to chart acoast.
CHARTACEOUS,Resembling paper or parchment; of paper-like texture; papery.
CHARTE,The constitution, or fundamental law, of the French monarchy,as established
on the restoration of Louis XVIII., in 1814.
CHARTER,The letting or hiring a vessel by special contract, or thecontract or
instrument whereby a vessel is hired or let; as, a shipis offered for sale or
charter. See Charter party, below. Charterland (O. Eng. Law), land held by charter,
or in socage; bookland.-- Charter member, one of the original members of a society
orcorporation, esp. one named in a charter, or taking part in the firstproceedings
under it.-- Charter party Etym: [F. chartre partie, or charte partie, adivided
charter; from the practice of cutting the instrument ofcontract in two, and giving
one part to each of the contractors](Com.), a mercantile lease of a vessel; a
specific contract by whichthe owners of a vessel let the entire vessel, or some
principal partof the vessel, to another person, to be used by the latter
intransportation for his own account, either under their charge or his.-- People's
Charter (Eng. Hist.), the document which embodied thedemands made by the Chartists,
so called, upon the English governmentin 1838.
CHARTERER,One who charters; esp. one who hires a ship for a voyage.
CHARTERHOUSE,A well known public school and charitable foundation in thebuilding
once used as a Carthusian monastery (Chartreuse) in London.
CHARTERIST,Same as Chartist.
CHARTISM,The principles of a political party in England (1838-48), whichcontended
for universal suffrage, the vote by ballot, annualparliaments, equal electoral
districts, and other radical reforms, asset forth in a document called the People's
Charter.
CHARTIST,A supporter or partisan of chartism. [Eng.]
CHARTLESS,Same as Cartographer, Cartographic, Cartography, etc.
CHARTOMANCY,Divination by written paper or by cards.
CHARTOMETER,An instrument for measuring charts or maps.
CHARTREUX,A Carthusian.
CHARTULARY,See Cartulary.
CHARWOMAN,A woman hired for odd work or for single days.
CHARY,Careful; wary; cautious; not rash, reckless, or spendthrift;saving;
frugal.His rising reputation made him more chary of his fame. Jeffrey.
CHARYBDIS,A dangerous whirlpool on the coast of Sicily opposite Scylla onthe
Italian coast. It is personified as a female monster. See Scylla.
CHASABLE,Capable of being chased; fit for hunting. Gower.
CHASE,To give chase; to hunt; as, to chase around after a doctor.[Colloq.]
CHASER,Same as Chase gun, esp. in terms bow chaser and stern chaser.See under Bow,
Stern.
CHASIBLE,See Chasuble.
CHASING,The art of ornamenting metal by means of chasing tools; also, apiece of
ornamental work produced in this way.
CHASMED,Having gaps or a chasm. [R.]
CHASMY,Of or pertaining to a chasm; abounding in chasms. Carlyle.They cross the
chasmy torrent's foam-lit bed. Wordsworth.
CHASSE,A movement in dancing, as across or to the right or left.
CHASSE-CAFE,See Chasse, n., above.
CHASSE-MAREE,A French coasting lugger.
CHASSELAS,A white grape, esteemed for the table.
CHASSEPOT,A kind of breechloading, center-fire rifle, or improved needlegun.
CHASSEUR,One of a body of light troops, cavalry or infantry, trained forrapid
movements.
CHASSIS,A traversing base frame, or movable railway, along which thecarriage of a
barbette or casemate gum moves backward and forward.[See Gun carriage.]
CHAST,to chasten. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHASTELY,In a chaste manner; with purity.
CHASTENED,Corrected; disciplined; refined; purified; toned down. Sir. W.Scott.Of
such a finished chastened purity. Tennyson.
CHASTENER,One who chastens.
CHASTENESS,Freedom from all that is meretricious, gaundy, or affected;
as,chasteness of design.
CHASTISABLE,Capable or deserving of chastisement; punishable. Sherwood.
CHASTISEMENT,The act of chastising; pain inflicted for punishment andcorrection;
discipline; punishment.Shall I so much dishonor my fair stars, On equal terms to
give himchastesement! Shak.I have borne chastisement; I will not offend any more.
Job xxxiv. 31.
CHASTISER,One who chastises; a punisher; a corrector. Jer. Taylor.The chastiser of
the rich. Burke.
CHASTITY,Chasteness.
CHASUBLE,The outer vestment worn by the priest in saying Mass,consisting, in the
Roman Catholic Church, of a broad, flat, backpiece, and a narrower front piece, the
two connected over theshoulders only. The back has usually a large cross, the front
anupright bar or pillar, designed to be emblematical of Christ'ssufferings. In the
Greek Church the chasuble is a large round mantle.[Written also chasible, and
chesible.]
CHAT,To talk in a light and familiar manner; to converse withoutform or ceremony;
to gossip. Shak.To chat a while on their adventures. Dryden.
CHATELAINE,An ornamental hook, or brooch worn by a lady at her waist, andhaving a
short chain or chains attached for a watch, keys, trinkets,etc. Also used
adjectively; as, a chatelaine chain.
CHATELET,A little castle.
CHATELLANY,Same as Castellany.
CHATI,A small South American species of tiger cat (Felis mitis).
CHATOYANT,Having a changeable, varying luster, or color, like that of achangeable
silk, or oa a cat's eye in the dark.
CHATOYMENT,Changeableness of color, as in a mineral; play of colors.Cleaceland.
CHATTEL,Any item of movable or immovable property except the freehold,or the things
which are parcel of it. It is a more extensive termthan goods or effects.
CHATTELISM,The act or condition of holding chattels; the state of being achattel.
CHATTER,To utter rapidly, idly, or indistinctly.Begin his witless note apace to
chatter. Spenser.
CHATTERATION,The act or habit of chattering. [Colloq.]
CHATTERER,A bird of the family Ampelidæ -- so called from its monotonousnote. The
Bohemion chatterer (Ampelis garrulus) inhabits the arcticregions of both
continents. In America the cedar bird is a morecommon species. See Bohemian
chatterer, and Cedar bird.
CHATTERING,The act or habit of talking idly or rapidly, or of makinginarticulate
sounds; the sounds so made; noise made by the collisionof the teeth; chatter.
CHATTINESS,The quality of being chatty, or of talking easily andpleasantly.
CHATTY,Given to light, familiar talk; talkative. Lady M. W. Montagu.
CHATWOOD,Little sticks; twigs for burning; fuel. Johnson.
CHAUD-MEDLEY,The killing of a person in an affray, in the heat of blood, andwhile
under the influence of passion, thus distinguished from chance-medley or killing in
self-defense, or in a casual affray. Burrill.
CHAUDRON,See Chawdron. [Obs.]
CHAUFFER,A table stove or small furnace, usually a cylindrical box ofsheet iron,
with a grate at the bottem, and an open top.
CHAUFFEUR,Brigands in bands, who, about 1793, pillaged, burned, andkilled in parts
of France; -- so called because they used to burn thefeet of their victims to
extort money.
CHAUFFEUSE,A woman chauffeur.
CHAULDRON,See Chawdron. [Obs.]
CHAUN,A gap. [Obs.] Colgrave.
CHAUNT,See Chant.
CHAUNTERIE,See Chantry. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHAUS,a lynxlike animal of Asia and Africa (Lynx Lybicus).
CHAUSSES,The garment for the legs and feet and for the body below thewaist, worn in
Europe throughout the Middle Ages; applied also to thearmor for the same parts,
when fixible, as of chain mail.
CHAUSSURE,A foot covering of any kind.
CHAUTAUQUA SYSTEM OF EDUCATION,The system of home study established in connection
with thesummer schools assembled at Chautauqua, N. Y., by the MethodistEpiscopal
bishop, J. H. Vincent.
CHAUVINISM,Blind and absurd devotion to a fallen leader or an obsoletecause; hence,
absurdly vainglorious or exaggerated patriotism.-- Chau"vin*ist, n.--
Chau`vin*is"tic (, a.
CHAVENDER,The chub. Walton.
CHAW,The jaw. [Obs.] Spenser. Chaw bacon, a rustic; a bumpkin; alout. (Law) -- Chaw
tooth, a grinder. (Law)
CHAWDRON,Entrails. [Obs.] [Written also chaudron, chauldron.] Shak.
CHAY ROOT,The root of the Oldenlandia umbellata, native in India, whichyieds a
durable red dyestuff. [Written also choy root.]
CHAZY EPOCH,An epoch at the close of the Canadian period of the AmericanLower
Silurian system; -- so named from a township in Clinton Co.,New York. See the
Diagram under Geology.
CHEAP,A bargain; a purchase; cheapness. [Obs.]The sack that thou hast drunk me
would have bought me lights as goodcheap at the dearest chandler's in Europe. Shak.
CHEAPEN,To beat down the price of; to lessen the value of; todepreciate. Pope.My
proffered love has cheapened me. Dryden.
CHEAPENER,One who cheapens.
CHEAPLY,At a small price; at a low value; in a common or inferiormanner.
CHEAPNESS,Lowness in price, considering the usual price, or real value.
CHEAR,See Cheer.
CHEAT,A troublesome grass, growing as a weed in grain fields; --called also chess.
See Chess.
CHEATABLE,Capable of being cheated.
CHEATABLENESS,Capability of being cheated.
CHEBACCO,A narrow-sterned boat formerly much used in the Newfoundlandfisheries; --
called also pinkstern and chebec. Bartlett.
CHEBEC,See Chebacco.
CHECK,A word of warning denoting that the king is in danger; such amenace of a
player's king by an adversary's move as would, if it wereany other piece, expose it
to immediate capture. A king so menaced issaid to be in check, and must be made
safe at the next move.
CHECKER,One who checks.
CHECKERBERRY,A spicy plant and its bright red berry; the wintergreen(Gaultheria
procumbens). Also incorrectly applied to the partridgeberry (Mitchella repens).
CHECKERBOARD,A board with sixty-four squares of alternate color, used forplaying
checkers or draughts.
CHECKERS,A game, called also daughts, played on a checkerboard by twopersons, each
having twelve men (counters or checkers) which aremoved diagonally. The game is
ended when either of the players haslost all his men, or can not move them.
CHECKLESS,That can not be checked or restrained.
CHECKMATE,To check (an adversary's king) in such a manner that escape inimpossible;
to defeat (an adversary) by putting his king in checkfrom which there is no escape.
CHECKROLL,A list of servants in a household; -- called also chequer roll.
CHECKSTRING,A cord by which a person in a carriage or horse car may signalto the
driver.
CHECKWORK,Anything made so as to form alternate squares lke those of acheckerboard.
CHECKY,Divided into small alternating squares of two tinctures; --said of the field
or of an armorial bearing. [Written also checquy,cheguy.]
CHEDDAR,Of or pertaining to, or made at, Cheddar, in England; as,Cheddar cheese.
CHEEK,Those pieces of a machine, or of any timber, or stone work,which form
corresponding sides, or which are similar and in pair; as,the cheeks (jaws) of a
vise; the cheeks of a gun carriage, etc.
CHEEKED,Having a cheek; -- used in composition. "Rose-cheeked Adonis."Shak.
CHEEKY,a Brazen-faced; impudent; bold. [Slang.]
CHEEP,To chirp, as a young bird.
CHEERER,One who cheers; one who, or that which, gladdens. "Thou cheererof our
days." Wotton. "Prime cheerer, light." Thomson.
CHEERFUL,Having or showing good spirits or joy; cheering; cheery;contented; happy;
joyful; lively; animated; willing.To entertain a cheerful disposition. Shak.The
cheerful birds of sundry kind Do chant sweet music. Spenser.A cheerful confidence
in the mercy of God. Macaulay.This general applause and cheerful shout. Shak.
CHEERFULLY,In a cheerful manner, gladly.
CHEERFULNESS,Good spirits; a state of moderate joy or gayety; alacrity.
CHEERILY,In a cheery manner.
CHEERINESS,The state of being cheery.
CHEERINGLY,In a manner to cheer or encourage.
CHEERISNESS,Cheerfulness. [Obs.]There is no Christian duty that is not to be
seasoned and set offwith cheerishness. Milton.
CHEERLESS,Without joy, gladness, or comfort.-- Cheer"less*ly, adv.--
Cheer"less*ness, n.My cheerful day is turned to cheerles night. Spenser.
CHEERLY,Gay; cheerful. [Obs.] Shak.
CHEERRY,Cheerful; lively; gay; bright; pleasant; as, a cheery person.His cheery
little study, where the sunshine glimmered so pleasantly.Hawthorne.
CHEESE CLOTH,A thin, loosewoven cotton cloth, such as is used in pressingcheese
curds.
CHEESELEP,A bag in which rennet is kept.
CHEESEMONGER,One who deals incheese. B. Jonson.
CHEESEPARING,A thin portion of the rind of a cheese.-- a.
CHEESINESS,The quality of being cheesy.
CHEESY,Having the nature, qualities, taste, form, consistency, orappearance of
cheese.
CHEETAH,A species of leopard (Cynælurus jubatus) tamed and used forhunting in
India. The woolly cheetah of South Africa is C. laneus.[Written also chetah.]
CHEF,Same as Chief.
CHEILOPLASTY,The process of forming an artificial tip or part of a lip, byusing for
the purpose a piece of healthy tissue taken from someneighboring part.
CHEILOPODA,See Ch.
CHEIROPTER,One of the Cheiroptera.
CHEIROPTERA,An order of mammalia, including the bats, having four toes ofeach of
the anterior limbs elongated and connected by a web, so thatthey can be used like
wings in flying. See Bat.
CHEIROPTEROUS,Belonging to the Cheiroptera, or Bat family.
CHEIROPTERYGIUM,The typical pentadactyloid limb of the higher vertebrates.
CHEIROSOPHY,The art of reading character as it is delineated in the hand.--
Chei*ros"o*phist (, n.
CHEIROTHERIUM,A genus of extinct animals, so named from fossil footprintsrudely
resembling impressions of the human hand, and believed to havebeen made by
labyrinthodont reptiles. See Illustration in Appendix.
CHEKELATOUN,See Ciclatoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHEKMAK,A turkish fabric of silk and cotton, with gold threadinterwoven.
CHELA,The pincherlike claw of Crustacea and Arachnida.
CHELATE,Same as Cheliferous.
CHELERYTHRINE,Am alkaloidal principle obtained from the celandine, and namedfrom
the red color of its salts, It is a coloriess crystallinesubstance, and acts as an
acrid narcotic poison. It is identical withsanguinarine.
CHELICERA,One of the anterior pair of mouth organs, terminated by apincherlike
claw, in scorpions and allied Arachnida. They arehomologous with the falcers of
spiders, and probably with themandibles of insects.
CHELIDON,The hollow at the flexure of the arm.
CHELIDONIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the celandine. Cheidonicacid, a weak
acid extracted fron the celandine (Chelidonium majus),as a white crystalline
substance.
CHELIDONIUS,A small stone taken from the gizzard of a young swallow.-- anciently
worn as a medicinal charm.
CHELIFER,See Book scorpion, under Book.
CHELIFEROUS,Having cheliform claws, like a crab.
CHELIFORM,Having a movable joint or finger closing againts a precedingjoint or a
projecting part of it, so that the whole may be ised forgrasping, as the claw of a
crab; pincherlike.
CHELONE,A genus of hardy perennial flowering plants, of the orderScrophulariaceaæ.,
natives of North America; -- called alsosnakehead, turtlehead, shellflower, etc.
CHELONIA,An order of reptiles, including the tortoises and turtles,perculiar in
having a part of the vertebræ, ribs, and sternum unitedwith the dermal plates so as
to form a firm shell. The jaws arecovered by a horny beak. See Reptilia; also,
Illust. in Appendix.
CHELONIAN,Of or pertaining to animals of the tortoise kind.-- n.
CHELURA,A genus of marine amphipod crustacea, which bore into andsometimes destroy
timber.
CHELY,A claw. See Chela. [Obs.]
CHEMIC,A solution of chloride of line.
CHEMICAL,Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by theforces and
operations of chemistry; employed in the processes ofchemistry; as, chemical
changes; chemical comnbinations. Chemicalattraction or affinity. See under
Attraction.
CHEMICALLY,According to chemical principles; by chemical process oroperation.
CHEMIGLYPHIC,Engraved by a voltaic battary.
CHEMIGRAPHY,Any mechanical engraving process depending upon chemicalaction;
specif., a process of zinc etching not employing photography.-- Chem`i*graph"ic
(#), a.
CHEMILOON,A garment for women, consisting of chemise and drawers unitedin one. [U.
S.]
CHEMISETTE,An under-garment, worn by women, usually covering the neck,shoulders,
and breast.
CHEMISM,The force exerted between the atoms of elementary substancewhereby they
unite to form chemical compounds; chemical attaction;affinity; -- sometimes used as
a general expression for chemicalactivity or relationship.
CHEMIST,A person versed in chemistry or given to chemicalinvestigation; an analyst;
a maker or seller of chemicals or drugs.
CHEMITYPE,One of a number of processes by which an impression from anengraved plate
is obtained in relief, to be used for printing on anordinary printing press.
CHEMOLYSIS,A term sometimes applied to the decomposition of organicsubstance into
more simple bodies, by the use of chemical agentsalone. Thudichum.
CHEMOSIS,Inflammatory swelling of the conjunctival tissue surroundingthe cornea.
--Che*mot"ic (#), a.
CHEMOSMOSIS,Chemical action taking place through an intervening membrane.
CHEMOSMOTIC,Pertaining to, or produced by, chemosmosis. [R.]
CHEMOSYNTHESIS,Synthesis of organic compounds by energy derived from
chemicalchanges or reactions. Chemosynthesis of carbohydrates occurs in thenitrite
bacteria through the oxidation of ammonia to nitrous acid,and in the nitrate
bacteria through the conversion of nitrous intonitric acid. -- Chem`o*syn*thet"ic
(#), a.
CHEMUNG PERIOD,A subdivision in the upper part of the Devonian system inAmerica, so
named from the Chemung River, along which the rocks arewell developed. It includes
the Portage and Chemung groups or epochs.See the Diagram under Geology.
CHENG,A chinese reed instrument, with tubes, blown by the mouth.
CHENILLE,Tufted cord, of silk or worsted, for the trimimg of ladies'dresses, for
embroidery and fringes, and for the weft of chenillerugs.
CHENOMORPHAE,An order of birds, including the swans, ducks, geese,flamingoes and
screamers.
CHEPSTER,The European starling. [Local, Eng.]
CHEQUE,See Check.
CHEQUER,Same as Checker.
CHEQUING,A coin. See Sequin. Shak.
CHEQUY,Same as Checky.
CHERIF,See Cherif.
CHERISHER,One who cherishes.The cherisher of my flesh and blood. Shak.
CHERISHMENT,Encouragement; comfort. [Obs.]Rich bounty and dear cherishment.
Spenser.
CHERMES,See Kermes.
CHEROGRIL,See Cony.
CHEROKEES,An Appalachian tribe of Indians, formerly inhabiting the regionabout the
head waters of the Tennessee River. They are now mostlysettled in the Indian
Territory, and have become one of the mostcivilized of the Indian Tribes.
CHEROOT,A kind of cigar, originally brought from Mania, in thePhilippine Islands;
now often made of inferior or adulteratedtabacco.
CHERRY,A tree or shrub of the genus Prunus (Which also includes theplum) bearing a
fleshy drupe with a bony stone; (a) The common gardencherry (Prunus Cerasus), of
which several hundred varieties arecultivated for the fruit, some of which are, the
begarreau,blackheart, black Tartarian, oxheart, morelle or morello, May-
duke(corrupted from Médoc in France). (b) The wild cherry; as, prunusserotina (wild
black cherry), valued for its timber; P. Virginiana(choke cherry), an American
shrub which bears astringent fruit; P.avium and P. Padus, European trees (bird
cherry).
CHERSONESE,A peninsula; a tract of land nearly surrounded by water, butunited to a
larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as, theCimbric Chersonese, or Jutland;
the Tauric Chersonese, or Crimea.
CHERT,An impure, massive, flintlike quartz or hornstone, of a dullcolor.
CHERTY,Like chert; containing chert; flinty.
CHERUB,Of or pertaining to cherubs; angelic. "The cherubic host."Milton.
CHERUBIM,The Hebrew plural of Cherub.. Cf. Seraphim.
CHERUBIN,Cherubic; angelic. [Obs.] Shak.
CHERUP,To make a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to chirp. See Chirrup."Cheruping
birds." Drayton.
CHERVIL,A plant (Anthriscus cerefolium) with pinnately divided aromaticleaves, of
which several curled varieties are used in soups andsalads.
CHES,pret. of Chese. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHESE,To choose [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHESIBLE,See Chasuble.
CHESLIP,The wood louse. [Prov. Eng.]
CHESS,A game played on a chessboard, by two persons, with twodifferently colored
sets of men, sixteen in each set. Each player hasa king, a queen, two bishops, two
knights, two castles or rooks, andeight pawns.
CHESS-APPLE,The wild service of Europe (Purus torminalis).
CHESSBOARD,The board used in the game of chess, having eight rows ofalternate light
and dark squares, eight in each row. SeeCheckerboard.
CHESSEL,The wooden mold in which cheese is pressed. Simmonds.
CHESSES,The platforms, consisting of two or more planks doweledtogether, for the
flooring of a temporary military bridge. Wilhelm.A singular, chess, is sometimes
used. "Each chess consists of threeplanks." Farrow.
CHESSIL,Gravel or pebbles. Halliwell.
CHESSMAN,A piece used in the game of chess.
CHESSOM,Mellow earth; mold. [Obs.] Bacon.
CHESSTREE,A piece of oak bolted perpendicularly on the side of a vessel,to aid in
drawing down and securing the clew of the mainsail.
CHESSY COPPER,The mineral azurite, found in fine crystallization at Chessy,near
Lyons; called also chessylite.
CHEST FOUNDER,A rheumatic affection of the muscles of the breast and forelegs of a
horse, affecting motion and respiration.
CHEST,A case in which certain goods, as tea, opium, etc., aretransported; hence,
the quantity which such a case contains.
CHESTED,Having (such) a chest; -- in composition; as, broad-chested;narrow-chested.
CHESTERLITE,A variety of feldspar found in crystals in the county ofChester,
Pennsylvania.
CHESTEYN,The chestnut tree. [Obs.]Wilwe, elm, plane, assch, box, chesteyn. Chaucer.
CHESTNUT,The edible nut of a forest tree (Castanea vesce) of Europe andAmerica.
Commonly two or more of the nuts grow in a prickly bur.
CHETAH,See Cheetah.
CHETVERT,A measure of grain equal to 0.7218 of an imperial quarter, or5.95
Winchester bushels. [Russia]
CHEVACHIE,See Chivachie. [Obs.]
CHEVAGE,See Chiefage. [Obs.]
CHEVAL,A horse; hence, a support or frame. Cheval glass, a mirrorswinging in a
frame, and large enough to reflect the full leghtfigure.
CHEVAL-DE-FRISE,A piece of timber or an iron barrel traversed with iron-
pointedspikes or spears, five or six feet long, used to defend a passage,stop a
breach, or impede the advance of cavalry, etc.Obstructions of chain, boom, and
cheval-de-frise. W. Irving.
CHEVAUX,See Cheval.
CHEVE,To come to an issue; to turn out; to succed; as, to cheve wellin a
enterprise. [Prov. or Obs.] Holland.
CHEVELURE,A hairlike envelope.The nucleus and chevelure of nebulous star. Sir. W.
Hershel.
CHEVEN,A river fish; the chub. Sir T. Browne.
CHEVENTEIN,A variant of Chieftain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHEVERIL,Soft leather made of kid skin. Fig.: Used as a symbol offlexibility.
[Obs.]Here's wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ellbroad.
Shak.
CHEVERLIIZE,To make as pliable as kid leather. [Obs.] Br. Montagu.
CHEVET,The extreme end of the chancel or choir; properly the round orpolygonal
part.
CHEVRETTE,A machine for raising guns or mortar into their carriages.
CHEVRON,One of the nine honorable ordinaries, consisting of two broadbands of the
width of the bar, issuing, respectively from the dexterand sinister bases of the
field and conjoined at its center.
CHEVRONED,Having a chevron; decorated with an ornamental figure of azigzag from.[A
garment] whose nether parts, with their bases, were of watchetcloth of silver,
chevroned all over with lace. B. Jonson.
CHEVRONEL,A bearing like a chevron, but of only half its width.
CHEVRONWISE,In the manner of a chevron; as, the field may be dividedchevronwise.
CHEVROTAIN,A small ruminant of the family Tragulidæ a allied to the muskdeer. It
inhabits Africa and the East Indies. See Kanchil.
CHEVY,See Chivy, v. t. [Slang, Eng.]One poor fellow was chevied about among the
casks in the storm forten minutes. London Times.
CHEW,To perform the action of biting and grinding with the teeth; toruminate; to
meditate.old politicians chew wisdom past. Pope.
CHEWER,One who chews.
CHEWET,A kind of meat pie. [Obs.]
CHEWINK,An american bird (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) of the Finch family,so called
from its note; -- called also towhee bunting and groundrobin.
CHEYENNES,A warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet, formerlyinhabiting
the region of Wyoming, but now mostly on reservations inthe Indian Territory. They
are noted for their horsemanship.
CHIAN,Of or pertaining to Chios, an island in the Ægean Sea. Chianearth, a dense,
compact kind of earth, from Chios, used anciently asan astringent and a cosmetic.--
Chian turpentine, a fragrant, almost transparent turpentine,obtained from the
Pistacia Terebinthus.
CHIAROSCURIST,A painter who cares for and studies light and shade rather thancolor.
CHIASMUS,An inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated
orsubsequently referred to in a sentence; thus,If e'er to bless thy sons My voice
or hands deny, These hands letuseful skill forsake, This voice in silence die.
Dwight.
CHIASTOLITE,A variety of andalusite; -- called also macle. The tesselatedapperance
of a cross section is due to the symmetrical arrangement ofimpurities in the
crystal.
CHIBBAL,See Cibol.
CHIC,Good form; style. [Slang]
CHICA,A red coloring matter. extracted from the Bignonia Chica, usedby some tribes
of South American Indians to stain the skin.
CHICALOTE,A Mexican prickly poppy (Argemone platyceras), which hasmigrated into
California.
CHICANE,The use of artful subterfuge, designed to draw away attentionfrom the
merits of a case or question; -- specifically applied tolegal proceedings;
trickery; chicanery; caviling; sophistry. Prior.To shuffle from them by chicane.
Burke.To cut short this, I propound it fairly to your own canscience.Berkeley.
CHICANER,One who uses chicanery. Locke.
CHICANERY,Mean or unfair artifice to perplex a cause and obscure thetruth;
stratagem; sharp practice; sophistry.Irritated by perpetual chicanery. Hallam.
CHICCORY,See Chicory.
CHICH,The chick-pea.
CHICHA,See Chica.
CHICHEVACHE,A fabulous cow of enormous size, whose food was patient wives,and which
was therefore in very lean condition.
CHICK,To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate. Chalmers.
CHICK-PEA,A Small leguminous plant (Cicer arietinum) of Asia, Africa, andthe sounth
of Europe; the chick; the dwarf pea; the gram.
CHICKABIDDY,A chicken; a fowl; also, a trivial term of endearment for achild.
CHICKADEE,A small bird, the blackcap titmouse (Parus atricapillus), ofNorth
America; -- named from its note.
CHICKAREE,The American red squirrel (Sciurus Hudsonius); -- so calledfrom its cry.
CHICKASAWS,A trible of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian)allied to the
Choctaws. They formerly occupied the northern part ofAlabama and Mississippi, but
now live in the Indian Territory.
CHICKEN POX,A mild, eruptive disease, generally attacking children only;varicella.
CHICKEN-BREASTED,Having a narrow, projecting chest, caused by forward curvatureof
the vertebral column.
CHICKEN-HEARTED,Timid; fearful; cowardly. Bunyan.
CHICKLING,A small chick or chicken.
CHICKWEED,The name of several caryophyllaseous weeds, especiallyStellaria media,
the seeds and flower buds of which are a favoritefood of small birds.
CHICKY,A chicken; -- used as a diminutive or pet name, especially incalling fowls.
CHICORY,A branching perennial plant (Cichorium Intybus) with brightblue flowers,
growing wild in Europe, Asia, and America; alsocultivated for its roots and as a
salad plant; succory; wild endive.See Endive.
CHIDE,A continuous noise or murmur.The chide of streams. Thomson.
CHIDER,One who chides or quarrels. Shak.
CHIDERESS,She who chides. [Obs.]
CHIDESTER,A female scold. [Obs.]
CHIDINGLY,In a chiding or reproving manner.
CHIEF BARON,The presiding judge of the court of exchequer.
CHIEF HARE,A small rodent (Lagamys princeps) inhabiting the summits of theRocky
Mountains; -- also called crying hare, calling hare, cony,American pika, and little
chief hare.
CHIEF JUSTICE,The presiding justice, or principal judge, of a court. LordChief
Justice of England, The presiding judge of the Queen's BenchDivision of the High
Court of Justice. The highest judicial officerof the realm is the Lord High
Chancellor.-- Chief Justice of the United States, the presiding judge of theSupreme
Court, and Highest judicial officer of the republic.
CHIEF,The upper third part of the field. It is supposed to becomposed of the
dexter, sinister, and middle chiefs. In chief. (a) Atthe head; as, a commander in
chief. (b) (Eng. Law) From the king, orsovereign; as, tenure in chief, tenure
directly from the king.
CHIEF-JUSTICESHIP,The office of chief justice.Jay selected the chief-justiceship as
most in accordance with histastes. The Century.
CHIEFAGE,A tribute by the head; a capitation tax. [Written also chevageand
chivage.] [Obs.]
CHIEFEST,First or foremost; chief; principal. [Archaic] "Our chiefestcourtier."
Shak.The chiefest among ten thousand. Canticles v. 10.
CHIEFLESS,Without a chief or leader.
CHIEFRIE,A small rent paid to the lord paramount. [Obs.] Swift.
CHIEFTAIN,A captain, leader, or commander; a chief; the head of a troop,army, or
clan.
CHIERTE,Love; tender regard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHIEVANCE,An unlawful bargain; traffic in which money is exported asdiscount.
[Obs.] Bacon.
CHIEVE,See Cheve, v. i. [Obs.]
CHIFF-CHAFF,A species of European warbler (Sylvia hippolais); -- calledalso chip-
chap, and pettychaps.
CHIFFON,Any merely ornamental adjunct of a woman's dress, as a bunch ofribbon,
lace, etc.
CHIGNON,A knot, boss, or mass of hair, natural or artificial, worn by awoman at the
back of the head.A curl that had strayed from her chignon. H. James.
CHIH FU,An official administering a prefecture of China; a prefect,supervising the
civil business of the hsiens or districts comprisedin his fu (which see).
CHIH HSIEN,An official having charge of a hsien, or administrativedistrict, in
China; a district magistrate, responsible for good orderin his hsien (which see),
and having jurisdiction in its civil andcriminal cases.
CHIH TAI,A Chinese governor general; a tsung tu (which see).
CHILBLAIN,A blain, sore, or inflammatory swelling, produced by exposureof the feet
or hands to cold, and attended by itching, pain, andsometimes ulceration.
CHILD STUDY,A scientific study of children, undertaken for the purpose
ofdiscovering the laws of development of the body and the mind frombirth to
manhood.
CHILD,To give birth; to produce young.This queen Genissa childing died. Warner.It
chanced within two days they childed both. Latimer.
CHILDBEARING,The act of producing or bringing forth children; parturition.Milton.
Addison.
CHILDBED,The state of a woman bringing forth a child, or being in
labor;parturition.
CHILDBIRTH,The act of bringing forth a child; travail; labor. Jer. Taylor.
CHILDCROWING,The crowing noise made by children affected with spasm of thelaryngeal
muscles; false croup.
CHILDE,A cognomen formerly prefixed to his name by the oldest son,until he
succeeded to his ancestral titles, or was knighted; as,Childe Roland.
CHILDED,Furnished with a child. [Obs.]
CHILDERMAS DAY,A day (December 28) observed by mass or festival incommemoration of
the children slain by Herod at Bethlehem; -- calledalso Holy Innocent's Day.
CHILDING,Bearing Children; (Fig.) productive; fruitful. [R.] Shak.
CHILDISHLY,In the manner of a child; in a trifling way; in a weak orfoolish manner.
CHILDISHNESS,The state or quality of being childish; simplicity;harmlessness;
weakness of intellect.
CHILDLESSNESS,The state of being childless.
CHILDLIKE,Resembling a child, or that which belongs to children; becominga child;
meek; submissive; dutiful. "Childlike obedience." Hooker.
CHILDLY,Having tthe character of a child; belonging, or appropriate, toa child.
Gower.
CHILDNESS,The manner characteristic of a child. [Obs.] "Varyingchildness." Shak.
CHILDREN,pl. of Child.
CHILDSHIP,The state or relation of being a child.
CHILEAN PINE,Same as Monkey-puzzle.
CHILEAN,Of or pertaining to Chile.
CHILI,A kind of red pepper. See Capsicum [Written also chilli andchile.]
CHILIAD,A thousand; the aggregate of a thousand things; especially, aperiod of a
thousand years.The world, then in the seventh chiliad, will be assumed up unto
God.Sir. T. More.
CHILIAGON,A plane figure of a thousand angles and sides. Barlow.
CHILIAHEDRON,A figure bounded by a thousand plane surfaces [Spelt alsochiliaëdron.]
CHILIAN,Of or pertaining to Chili.-- n.
CHILIARCHY,A body consisting of a thousand men. Mitford.
CHILIAST,One who believes in the second coming of Christ to reign onearth a
thousand years; a milllenarian.
CHILIASTIC,Millenarian. "The obstruction offered by the chiliasticerrors." J. A.
Alexander.
CHILL,A sensation of cold with convulsive shaking of the body,pinched face, pale
skin, and blue lips, caused by undue cooling ofthe body or by nervous excitement,
or forming the precursor of someconstitutional disturbance, as of a fever.
CHILLED,Having that cloudiness or dimness of surface that is called"blooming."
CHILLI,See Chili.
CHILLING,Making chilly or cold; depressing; discouraging; cold; distant;as, a
chilling breeze; a chilling manner.-- Chill"ing"ly, adv.
CHILLNESS,Coolness; coldness; a chill.Death is the chillness that precedes the
dawn. Longfellow.
CHILLY,Moderately cold; cold and raw or damp so as to cause shivering;causing or
feeling a disagreeable sensation of cold, or a shivering.
CHILOGNATH,A myriapod of the order Chilognatha.
CHILOGNATHA,One of the two principal orders of myriapods. They havenumerous
segments, each bearing two pairs of small, slender legs,which are attached
ventrallly, near together.
CHILOMA,The tumid upper lip of certain mammals, as of a camel.
CHILOPOD,A myriapod of the order Chilopoda.
CHILOPODA,One of the orders of myriapods, including the centipeds. Theyhave a
single pair of elongated legs attached laterally to eachsegment; well developed
jaws; and a pair of thoracic legs convertedinto poison fangs. They are
insectivorous, very active, and somespecies grow to the length of a foot.
CHILOSTOMATOUS,Of or pertaining to the Chilostoma.
CHILTERN HUNDREDS,A tract of crown land in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire,England,
to which is attached the nominal office of steward. Asmembers of Parliament cannot
resign, when they wish to go out theyaccept this stewardship, which legally vacates
their seats.
CHIMAERA,A cartilaginous fish of several species, belonging to the
orderHolocephali. The teeth are few and large. The head is furnished
withappendages, and the tail terminates in a point.
CHIMAEROID,Related to, or like, the chimæra.
CHIMANGO,A south American carrion buzzard (Milvago chimango). SeeCaracara.
CHIMB,The edge of a cask, etc; a chine. See Chine, n., 3. [Writtenalso hime.]
CHIME,See Chine, n., 3.
CHIMER,One who chimes.
CHIMERA,A monster represented as vomiting flames, and as having thehead of a lion,
the body of a goat, and the tail of a dragon. "Direchimeras and enchanted isles."
Milton.
CHIMERE,The upper robe worn by a bishop, to which lawn sleeves areusually attached.
Hook.
CHIMERIC,Chimerical.
CHIMERICAL,Merely imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wildly or vainlyconceived;
having, or capable of having, no existence except inthought; as, chimerical
projects.
CHIMERICALLY,Wildy; vainly; fancifully.
CHIMINAGE,A toll for passage through a forest. [Obs.] Cowell.
CHIMNEY,A body of ore, usually of elongated form, extending downward ina vein.
Raymond. Chimney board, a board or screen used to close afireplace; a fireboard.--
Chimney cap, a device to improve the draught of a chimney, bypresenting an exit
aperture always to leeward.-- Chimney corner, the space between the sides of the
fireplace andthe fire; hence, the fireside.-- Chimney hook, a hook for holding pats
and kettles over a fire, --Chimney money, hearth money, a duty formerly paid in
England for eachchimney.-- Chimney pot (Arch.), a cylinder of earthenware or sheet
metalplaced at the top of a chimney which rises above the roof.-- Chimney swallow.
(Zoöl.) (a) An American swift (Chæturepelasgica) which lives in chimneys. (b) In
England, the commonswallow (Hirundo rustica).-- Chimney sweep, Chimney sweeper, one
who cleans chimneys of soot;esp. a boy who climbs the flue, and brushes off the
soot.
CHIMNEY-BREAST,The horizontal projection of a chimney from the wall in whichit is
built; -- commonly applied to its projection in the inside of abuilding only.
CHIMNEY-PIECE,A decorative construction around the opning of a fireplace.
CHIMPANZEE,An african ape (Anthropithecus troglodytes or Troglodytesniger) which
approaches more nearly to man, in most respects, thanany other ape. When full
grown, it is from three to four feet high.
CHIN COUGH,Whooping cough.
CHIN,The exterior or under surface embraced between the branches ofthe lower jaw
bone, in birds.
CHINALDINE,See Quinaldine.
CHINAMAN,A native of China; a Chinese.
CHINCAPIN,See Chinquapin.
CHINCH,The bedbug (Cimex lectularius).
CHINCHA,A south American rodent of the genus Lagotis.
CHINCHE,Parsimonious; niggardly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHINCHERIE,Penuriousness. [Obs.]By cause of his skarsete and chincherie. Caucer.
CHINCHILLA,A small rodent (Chinchilla lanigera), of the size of a largesquirrel,
remarkable for its fine fur, which is very soft and of apearly gray color. It is a
native of Peru and Chili.
CHINE,A chink or cleft; a narrow and deep ravine; as, Shanklin Chinein the Isle of
Wight, a quarter of a mile long and 230 feet deep.[Prov. Eng.] "The cottage in a
chine." J. Ingelow.
CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT,Any of several acts forbidding the immigration of
Chineselaborers into the United States, originally from 1882 to 1892 by actof May
6, 1882, then from 1892 to 1902 by act May 5, 1892. By act ofApril 29, 1902, all
existing legislation on the subject was reënactedand continued, and made applicable
to the insular possessions of theUnited States.
CHINESE,Of or pertaining to China; peculiar to China. Chinese paper.See India
paper, under India.-- Chinese wax, a snowy-wgite, waxlike substance brought from
China.It is the bleached secretion of certain insects of the family
Coccidæespecially Coccus Sinensis.
CHINK,A small cleft, rent, or fissure, of greater length thanbreadth; a gap or
crack; as, the chinks of wall.Through one cloudless chink, in a black, stormy sky.
Shines out thedewy morning star. Macaulay.
CHINKY,Full of chinks or fissures; gaping; opening in narrow clefts.Dryden.
CHINNED,Having a chin; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, short-chinned.
CHINOIDINE,See Quinodine.
CHINOISERIE,Chinese conduct, art, decoration, or the like; also, a specimenof
Chinese manners, art, decoration, etc.
CHINOLINE,See Quinoline.
CHINONE,See Quinone.
CHINOOK STATE,Washington -- a nickname. See Chinook, n.
CHINOOK,One of a tribe of North American Indians now living in thestate of
Washington, noted for the custom of flattening their skulls.Chinooks also called
Flathead Indians.
CHINQUAPIN,A branching, nut-bearing tree or shrub (Castanea pumila) ofNorth
America, from six to twenty feet high, allied to the chestnut.Also, its small,
sweet, edible nat. [Written also chincapin andchinkapin.] Chinquapin oak, a small
shrubby oak (Quercus prinoides)of the Atlantic States, with edible acorns.--
Western Chinquapin, an evergreen shrub or tree (Castanopeschrysophylla) of the
Pacific coast. In California it is a shrub; inOregon a tree 30 to 125 feet high.
CHINSE,To thrust oakum into (seams or chinks) with a chisel , thepoint of a knife,
or a chinsing iron; to calk slightly. Chinsingiron, a light calking iron.
CHINTZ,Cotton cloth, printed with flowers and other devices, in anumber of
different colors, and often glazed. Swift.
CHIOPPINE,Same as Chopine, n.
CHIP,To break or fly off in small pieces.
CHIPMUNK,A squirrel-like animal of the genus Tamias, sometimes calledthe striped
squirrel, chipping squirrel, ground squirrel, hackee. Thecommon species of the
United States is the Tamias striatus. [Writtenalso chipmonk, chipmuck, and
chipmuk.]
CHIPPENDALE,Designating furniture designed, or like that designed, byThomas
Chippendale, an English cabinetmaker of the 18th century.Chippendale furniture was
generally of simple but graceful outlinewith delicately carved rococo
ornamentation, sculptured either in thesolid wood or, in the cheaper specimens,
separately and glued on. Inthe more elaborate pieces three types are recognized:
FrenchChippendale, having much detail, like Louis Quatorze and LouisQuinze; Chinese
Chippendale, marked by latticework and pagodalikepediments; and Gothic Chippendale,
attempting to adapt medievaldetails. The forms, as of the cabriole and chairbacks,
often resembleQueen Anne. In chairs, the seat is widened at the front, and the
backtoward the top widened and bent backward, except in ChineseChippendale, in
which the backs are usually rectangular. --Chip"pen*dal*ism (#), n.
CHIPPER,To chirp or chirrup. [ Prov. Eng.] Forby.
CHIPPEWAYS,A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the northern andweastern shores
of Lake Superior; -- called also Objibways.
CHIPPING BIRD,The chippy.
CHIPPING SQUIRREL,See Chipmunk.
CHIPPY,Abounding in, or resembling, chips; dry and tasteless.
CHIPS,A ship's carpenter. [Cant.]
CHIRAGRA,Gout in the hand.
CHIRAGRICAL,Having the gout in the hand, or subject to that disease. Sir.T. Browne.
CHIRETTA,A plant (Agathotes Chirayta) found in Northern India, havingmedicinal
properties to the gentian, and esteemed as a tonic andfebrifuge.
CHIRK,To cheer; to enliven; as, to chirk one up. [Colloq. New Eng. ]
CHIRM,To chirp or to make a mournful cry, as a bird. [Obs.] Huloet.
CHIROGNOMY,The art of judging character by the shape and apperance of thehand.
CHIROGRAPHER,Of or pertaining to chirography.
CHIROGYMNAST,A mechanocal contrivance for exercesing the fingers of apianist.
CHIROLOGICAL,Relating to chirology.
CHIROLOGIST,One who communicates thoughts by signs made with the hands andfingers.
CHIROLOGY,The art or practice of using the manual alphabet or ofcommunicating
thoughts by sings made by the hands and fingers; asubstitute for spoken or written
language in intercourse with thedeaf and dumb. See Dactylalogy.
CHIROMANCER,One who practices chiromancy. Dryden.
CHIROMANCY,The art or practice of foretelling events, or of telling thefortunes or
the disposition of persons by inspecting the hand;palmistry.
CHIROMONIC,Relating to chironomy.
CHIRONOMY,The art of moving the hands in oratory or in pantomime; gesture[Obs.]
CHIROPLAST,An instrument to guid the hands and fingers of pupils inplaying on the
piano, etc.
CHIROPODIST,One who treats diseases of the hands and feet; especially, onewho
removes corns and bunions.
CHIROPODY,The art of treating diseases of the hands and feet.
CHIROSOPHIST,A fortune teller.
CHIRP,To make a shop, sharp, cheerful, as of small birds or crickets.
CHIRPER,One who chirps, or is cheerful.
CHIRPING,Cheering; enlivening.He takes his chirping pint, he cracks his jokes.
Pope.
CHIRPINGLY,In a chirping manner.
CHIRRE,To coo, as a pigeon. [Obs.]
CHIRRUP,To quicken or animate by chirping; to cherup.
CHIRRUPY,Cheerful; joyous; chatty.
CHIRURGEON,A surgeon. [Obs.]
CHIRURGEONLY,Surgically. [Obs.] Shak.
CHIRURGERY,Surgery. [Obs.]
CHISEL,A tool with a cutting edge on one end of a metal blade, used indressing,
shaping, or working in timber, stone, metal, etc.; --usually driven by a mallet or
hammer. Cold chisel. See under Cold, a.
CHISLEU,The ninth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering toa part of
November with a part of December.
CHISLEY,Having a large admixture of small pebbles or gravel; -- said ofa soil.
Gardner.
CHIT,To shoot out; to sprout.I have known barley chit in seven hours after it had
been thrownforth. Mortimer.
CHITCHAT,Familiar or trifling talk; prattle.
CHITIN,A white amorphous horny substance forming the harder part ofthe outer
integument of insects, crustacea, and various otherinvertebrates; entomolin.
CHITINIZATION,The process of becoming chitinous.
CHITINOUS,Having the nature of chitin; consisting of, or containing,chitin.
CHITON,One of a group of gastropod mollusks, with a shell composed ofeight movable
dorsal plates. See Polyplacophora.
CHITTERLING,The frill to the breast of a shirt, which when ironed outresembled the
small entrails. See Chitterlings. [Obs.] Gascoigne.
CHITTERLINGS,The smaller intestines of swine, etc., fried for food.
CHITTRA,The axis deer of India.
CHIVACHIE,A cavalry raid; hence, a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHIVALRIC,Relating to chivalry; knightly; chivalrous.
CHIVALROUS,Pertaining to chivalry or knight-errantry; warlike; heroic;gallant;
high-spirited; high-minded; magnanimous.In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise.
Spenser.
CHIVALROUSLY,In a chivalrous manner; gallantly; magnanimously.
CHIVALRY,A tenure of lands by knight's service; that is, by thecondition of a
knight's performing service on horseback, or ofperforming some noble or military
service to his lord.
CHIVE,A filament of a stamen. [Obs.]
CHIVY,To goad, drive, hunt, throw, or pitch. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.
CHLAMYDATE,Having a mantle; -- applied to certain gastropods.
CHLAMYPHORE,A small South American edentate (Chlamyphorus truncatus, and C.retusus)
allied to the armadillo. It is covered with a leathery shellor coat of mail, like a
cloak, attached along the spine.
CHLAMYS,A loose and flowing outer garment, worn by the ancient Greeks;a kind of
cloak.
CHLOASMA,A cutaneous affection characterized by yellow or yellowishbrown pigmented
spots.
CHLORAL,A colorless oily liquid, CCl3.CHO, of a pungent odor and harshtaste,
obtained by the action of chlorine upon ordinary or ethylalcohol.
CHLORALAMIDE,A compound of chloral and formic amide used to produce sleep.
CHLORALISM,A morbid condition of the system resulting from excessive useof chloral.
CHLORALUM,An impure aqueous solution of chloride of aluminium, used as anantiseptic
and disinfectant.
CHLORANIL,A yellow crystalline substance, C6Cl4.O2, regarded as aderivative of
quinone, obtained by the action of chlorine on certainbenzene derivatives, as
aniline.
CHLORATE,A salt of chloric acid; as, chlorate of potassium.
CHLORAURATE,See Aurochloride.
CHLORHYDRIC,Same as Hydrochloric.
CHLORHYDRIN,One of a class of compounds formed from certain polybasicalcohols (and
especially glycerin) by the substitution of chlorinefor one or more hydroxyl
groups.
CHLORIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, chlorine; -- said of thosecompounds of
chlorine in which this element has a valence of five, orthe next to its highest;
as, chloric acid, HClO3. Chloric ether(Chem.), ethylene dichloride. See Dutch
liquid, under Dutch.
CHLORIDATE,To treat or prepare with a chloride, as a plate with chlorideof silver,
for the purposes of photography. R. Hunt.
CHLORIDE,A binary compound of chlorine with another element or radical;as, chloride
of sodium (common salt). Chloride of ammonium, salammoniac.-- Chloride of lime,
bleaching powder; a grayish white substance,CaOClcalcium hypochlorite. See
Hypochlorous acid, under Hypochlorous.-- Mercuric chloride, corrosive sublimate.
CHLORIDIC,Of or pertaining to a chloride; containing a chloride.
CHLORIDIZE,See Chloridate.
CHLORIMETRY,See Chlorometry.
CHLORINATE,To treat, or cause to combine, with chlorine.
CHLORINATION,The act or process of subjecting anything to the action ofchlorine;
especially, a process for the extraction of gold byexposure of the auriferous
material to chlorine gas.
CHLORINE,One of the elementary substances, commonly isolated as agreenish yellow
gas, two and one half times as heavy as air, of anintensely disagreeable
suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous.It is abundant in nature, the most
important compound being commonsalt. It is powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and
disinfecting agent.Symbol Cl. Atomic weight, 35.4. Chlorine family, the
elementsfluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, called the halogens, andclassed
together from their common peculiariries.
CHLORIODIC,Compounded of chlorine and iodine; containing chlorine andiodine.
CHLORIODINE,A compound of chlorine and iodine. [R.]
CHLORITE,The name of a group of minerals, usually of a green color andmicaceous to
granular in structure. They are hydrous silicates ofalumina, iron, and magnesia.
Chlorite slate, a schistose or slatyrock consisting of alumina, iron, and magnesia.
CHLORITIC,Pertaining to, or containing, chlorite; as, chloritic sand.
CHLORMETHANE,A colorless gas, CH3Cl, of a sweet odor, easily condensed to aliquid;
-- called also methyl chloride.
CHLORO-,A prefix denoting that chlorine is an ingredient in thesubstance named.
CHLOROCRUORIN,A green substance, supposed to be the cause of the green colorof the
blood in some species of worms. Ray Lankester.
CHLORODYNE,A patent anodyne medicine, containing opium, chloroform, Indianhemp,
etc.
CHLOROFORM,A colorless volatile liquid, CHCl3, having an ethereal odor anda
sweetish taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and analkali. It is a
powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and isextensively used to produce anæsthesia
in surgical operations; alsoexternally, to alleviate pain.
CHLOROLEUCITE,Same as Chloroplastid.
CHLOROMETER,An instrument to test the decoloring or bleaching power ofchloride of
lime.
CHLOROMETRY,The process of testing the bleaching power of any combinationof
chlorine.
CHLOROPAL,A massive mineral, greenish in color, and opal-like inappearance. It is
essentially a hydrous silicate of iron.
CHLOROPEPTIC,Of or pertaining to an acid more generally called pepsin-hydrochloric
acid.
CHLOROPHANE,A variety of fluor spar, which, when heated, gives a beautifulemerald
green light.
CHLOROPHYLL,Literally, leaf green; a green granular matter formed in thecells of
the leaves (and other parts exposed to light) of plants, towhich they owe their
green color, and through which all ordinaryassimilation of plant food takes place.
Similar chlorophyll granuleshave been found in the tissues of the lower animals.
[Written alsochlorophyl.]
CHLOROPLAST,A plastid containing chlorophyll, developed only in cellsexposed to the
light. Chloroplasts are minute flattened granules,usually occurring in great
numbers in the cytoplasm near the cellwall, and consist of a colorless ground
substance saturated withchlorophyll pigments. Under light of varying intensity they
exhibitphototactic movements. In animals chloroplasts occur only in certainlow
forms.
CHLOROPLASTID,A granule of chlorophyll; -- also called chloroleucite.
CHLOROPLATINIC,See Platinichloric.
CHLOROSIS,The green sickness; an anæmic disease of young women,characterized by a
greenish or grayish yellow hue of the skin,weakness, palpitation, etc.
CHLOROTIC,Pertaining to, or affected by, chlorosis.
CHLOROUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, the electro-negative character ofchlorine;
hence, electro-negative; -- opposed to basylous or zincous.[Obs.]
CHLORPICRIN,A heavy, colorless liquid, CCl3.NO2, of a strong pungent odor,obtained
by subjecting picric acid to the action of chlorine.[Written also chloropikrin.]
CHLORURET,A chloride. [Obs.]
CHOAK,See Choke.
CHOANOID,Funnel-shaped; -- applied particularly to a hollow muscleattached to the
ball of the eye in many reptiles and mammals.
CHOCARD,The chough.
CHOCK,To stop or fasten, as with a wedge, or block; to scotch; as, tochock a wheel
or cask.
CHOCK-FULL,Quite full; choke-full.
CHOCKABLOCK,Hoisted as high as the tackle will admit; brought closetogether, as the
two blocks of a tackle in hoisting.
CHOCTAWS,; sing. Choctaw. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians(Southern
Appalachian), in early times noted for their pursuit ofagriculture, and for living
at peace with the white settlers. Theyare now one of the civilized tribes of the
Indian Territory.
CHODE,the old imp. of chide. See Chide.
CHOGSET,See Cunner.
CHOICEFUL,Making choices; fickle. [Obs.]His choiceful sense with every change doth
fit. Spenser.
CHOICENESS,The quality of being of particular value or worth; nicely;excellence.
CHOIR,The chancel. Choir organ (Mus.), one of the three or fivedistinct organs
included in the full organ, each separable from therest, but all controlled by one
performer; a portion of the fullorgan, complete in itself, and more practicable for
ordinary serviceand in the accompanying of the vocal choir.-- Choir screen, Choir
wall (Arch.), a screen or low wall separatingthe choir from the aisles.-- Choir
service, the service of singing performed by the choir. T.Warton.
CHOKE DAMP,See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.
CHOKE-FULL,Full to the brim; quite full; chock-full.
CHOKE-STRAP,A strap leading from the bellyband to the lower part of thecollar, to
keep the collar in place.
CHOKEBERRY,The small apple-shaped or pear-shaped fruit of an Americanshrub (Pyrus
arbutifolia) growing in damp thickets; also, the shrub.
CHOKEBORE,To provide with a chokebore.
CHOKECHERRY,The astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry (PrunusVirginiana);
also, the bush or tree which bears such fruit.
CHOKEDAR,A watchman; an officer of customs or police. [India]
CHOKING COIL,A coil of small resistance and large inductance, used in
analternating-current circuit to impede or throttle the current, or tochange its
phase; --called also reactance coil or reactor, theseterms being now preferred in
engineering usage.
CHOLAEMAA,A disease characterized by severe nervous symptoms, dependentupon the
presence of the constituents of the bile in the blood.
CHOLAGOGUE,Promoting the discharge of bile from the system.-- n.
CHOLATE,A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium cholate.
CHOLECYSTIS,The gall bladder.
CHOLECYSTOTOMY,The operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as forthe
removal of a gallstone.
CHOLEDOLOGY,A treatise on the bile and bilary organs. Dunglison.
CHOLEIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as, choleic acid.
CHOLERA,One of several diseases affecting the digestive and intestinaltract and
more or less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonlycalled Asiatic cholera.
Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidlyfatal disease, originating in Asia and
frequently epidemic in themore filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or
specificpoison may have been carried. It is characterized by diarrhea, rice-water
evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched expression, andlividity, rapidly passing
into a state of collapse, followed bydeath, or by a stage of reaction of fever.--
Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus.-- Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer
disease, of infants, causedby hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially
fatal in largecities.-- Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and
purging,with gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or
bygastrointestinal disturbance.-- Chicken cholera. See under Chicken.-- Hog
cholera. See under Hog.-- Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the
Asiaticcholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely becomingepidemic.
CHOLERAIC,Relating to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera.
CHOLERICLY,In a choleric manner; angrily.
CHOLERIFORM,Resembling cholera.
CHOLEROID,Choleriform.
CHOLESTERIC,Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as, cholestericacid.
Ure.
CHOLESTERIN,A white, fatty, crystalline substance, tasteless and odorless,found in
animal and plant products and tissue, and especially innerve tissue, in the bile,
and in gallstones.
CHOLINE,See Neurine.
CHOLOCHROME,See Bilirubin.
CHOLOPHAEIN,See Bilirubin.
CHOLTRY,A Hindoo caravansary.
CHOMAGE,Stoppage; cessation (of labor).
CHOMP,To chew loudly and greedily; to champ. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Halliwell.
CHONDRIFICATION,Formation of, or conversion into, cartilage.
CHONDRIFY,To convert, or be converted, into cartilage.
CHONDRIGEN,The chemical basis of cartilage, converted by long boiling inwater into
a gelatinous body called chondrin.
CHONDRIGENOUS,Affording chondrin.
CHONDRIN,A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless andodorless,
formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued actionof boiling water. It is
similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredientof commercial gelatin.
CHONDRITE,A meteoric stone characterized by the presence of chondrules.
CHONDRITIC,Granular; pertaining to, or having the granular structurecharacteristic
of, the class of meteorites called chondrites.
CHONDRITIS,An inflammation of cartilage.
CHONDRO-,A combining form meaning a grain, granular, granular
cartilage,cartilaginous; as, the chondrocranium, the cartilaginous skull of
thelower vertebrates and of embryos.
CHONDRODITE,A fluosilicate of magnesia and iron, yellow to red in color,often
occurring in granular form in a crystalline limestone.
CHONDROGANOIDEA,An order of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons; -- socalled on
account of their cartilaginous skeleton.
CHONDROGEN,Same as Chondrigen.
CHONDROGENESIS,The development of cartilage.
CHONDROID,Resembling cartilage.
CHONDROLOGY,The science which treats of cartilages. Dunglison.
CHONDROMA,A cartilaginous tumor or growth.
CHONDROMETER,A steelyard for weighting grain.
CHONDROPTERYGIAN,Having a cartilaginous skeleton.-- n.
CHONDROPTERYGII,A group of fishes, characterized by cartilaginous fins andskeleton.
It includes both ganoids (sturgeons, etc.) and selachians(sharks), but is now often
restricted to the latter. [Written alsoChondropterygia.]
CHONDROSTEI,An order of fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so namedbecause the
skeleton is cartilaginous.
CHONDROTOMY,The dissection of cartilages.
CHONDRULE,A peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatiteor
chrysolite, found imdedded more or less aboundantly in the mass ofmany meteoric
stones, which are hence called chondrites.
CHOOSER,One who chooses; one who has the power or right of choosing; anelector.
Burke.
CHOP,To vary or shift suddenly; as, the wind chops about.
CHOP-LOGIC,One who bandies words or is very argunentative. [Jocular] Shak.
CHOPBOAT,A licensed lighter employed in the transportation of goods toand from
vessels. [China] S. W. Williams.
CHOPCHURCH,An exchanger or an exchange of benefices. [Cant]
CHOPFALLEN,Having the lower chop or jaw depressed; hence, crestfallen;dejected;
dispirited;downcast. See Chapfallen.
CHOPHOUSE,A house where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house.The freedom of a
chophouse. W. Irving.
CHOPIN,A liquid measure formerly used in France and Great Britain,varying from half
a pint to a wine quart.
CHOPINE,A clog, or patten, having a very thick sole, or in some casesraised upon a
stilt to a height of a foot or more. [Variously speltchioppine, chopin, etc.]Your
ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw you last, by thealtitude of a chopine.
Shak.
CHOPNESS,A kind of spade. [Eng.]
CHOPPER,One who, or that which, chops.
CHOPPING,Stout or plump; large. [Obs.] Fenton.
CHOPPY,Rough, with short, tumultuous waves; as, a choppy sea.
CHOPSTICK,One of two small sticks of wood, ivory, etc., used by theChinese and
Japanese to convey food to the mouth.
CHORAGIC,Of or pertaining to a choragus. Choragic monument, a buildingor column
built by a victorious choragus for the reception andexhibition of the tripod which
he received as a prize. Those ofLysicrates and Thrasyllus are still to be seen at
Athens.
CHORAGUS,A chorus leader; esp. one who provided at his own expense andunder his own
supervision one of the choruses for the musicalcontents at Athens.
CHORAL,Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, oradapted to be sung,
in chorus or harmony. Choral service, a serviceof song.
CHORALIST,A singer or composer of chorals.
CHORALLY,In the manner of a chorus; adapted to be sung by a choir; inharmony.
CHORD,A combination of tones simultaneously performed, producing moreor less
perfect harmony, as, the common chord.
CHORDA,A cord. Chorda dorsalis (. Etym: [NL., lit., cord of the back.](Anat.) See
Notochord.
CHORDAL,Of or pertaining to a chord.
CHORDATA,A comprehensive division of animals including all Vertebratatogether with
the Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervouscord.
CHORDEE,A painful erection of the penis, usually with downwardcurvature, occurring
in gonorrhea.
CHORE,A small job; in the pl., the regular or daily light work of ahousehold or
farm, either within or without doors. [U. S.]
CHOREA,St. Vitus's dance; a disease attended with convulsivetwitchings and other
involuntary movements of the muscles or limbs.
CHOREE,See Choreus.
CHOREGRAPHY,The art of representing dancing by signs, as music isrepresented by
notes. Craig.
CHOREIC,Of the nature of, or pertaining to, chorea; convulsive.
CHOREPISCOPAL,Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his change or authority.
CHOREPISCOPUS,A "country" or suffragan bishop, appointed in the ancientchurch by a
diocesan bishop to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in arural district.
CHORIAMB,Same as Choriambus.
CHORIAMBIC,Pertaining to a choriamb.-- n.
CHORIAMBUS,A foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first andlast are
long, and the other short (- ~ ~ -); that is, a choreus, ortrochee, and an iambus
united.
CHORIC,Of or pertaining to a chorus.I remember a choric ode in the Hecuba.
Coleridge.
CHORION,The outer membrane of seeds of plants.
CHORISIS,The separation of a leaf or floral organ into two more parts.
CHORIST,A singer in a choir; a chorister. [R.]
CHORISTIC,Choric; choral. [R.]
CHOROGRAPH,An instrument for constructing triangles in marine surveying,etc.
CHOROGRAPHICAL,Pertaining to chorography.-- Cho`ro*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
CHOROGRAPHY,the mapping or description of a region or district.The chorography of
their provinces. Sir T. Browne.
CHOROID,resembling the chorion; as, the choroid plexuses of theventricles of the
brain, and the choroid coat of the eyeball.-- n.
CHOROIDAL,Pertaining to the choroid coat.
CHOROLOGY,The science which treats of the laws of distribution of livingorganisms
over the earth's surface as to latitude, altitude,locality, etc.Its distribution or
chorology. Huxley.
CHOROMETRY,The art of surveying a region or district.
CHORTLE,A word coined by Lewis Carroll (Charles L. Dodgson), andusually explained
as a combination of chuckle and snort. [Humorous]
CHORUS,A band of singers and dancers.The Grecian tragedy was at first nothing but a
chorus of singers.Dryden.
CHOSE,A thing; personal property. Chose in action, a thing of whichone has not
possession or actual enjoyment, but only a right to it,or a right to demand it by
action at law, and which does not exist atthe time in specie; a personal right to a
thing not reduced topossession, but recoverable by suit at law; as a right to
recovermoney due on a contract, or damages for a tort, which can not beenforced
against a reluctant party without suit.-- Chose in possession, a thing in
possession, as distinguished froma thing in action.-- Chose local, a thing annexed
to a place, as a mill.-- Chose transitory, a thing which is movable. Cowell.
Blount.
CHOSEN,Selected from a number; picked out; choice.Seven hundred chosen men left-
handed. Judg. xx. 16.
CHOUAN,One of the royalist insurgents in western France (Brittany,etc.), during and
after the French revolution.
CHOUGH,A bird of the Crow family (Fregilus graculus) of Europe. It isof a black
color, with a long, slender, curved bill and red legs; --also called chauk, chauk-
daw, chocard, Cornish chough, red-leggedcrow. The name is also applied to several
allied birds, as the Alpinechough. Cornish chough (Her.), a bird represented black,
with redfeet, and beak; -- called also aylet and sea swallow.
CHOUICHA,The salmon of the Columbia River or California. See Quinnat.
CHOUKA,The Indian four-horned antelope; the chikara.
CHOULE,See Jowl. Sir W. Scott.
CHOULTRY,See Choltry.
CHOUSE,To cheat, trick, defraud; -- followed by of, or out of; as, tochouse one out
of his money. [Colloq.]The undertaker of the afore-cited poesy hath choused your
highness.Landor.
CHOUT,An assessment equal to a fourth part of the revenue. [India] J.Mill.
CHOW,A prefecture or district of the second rank in China, or thechief city of such
a district; -- often part of the name of a city,as in Foochow.
CHOWCHOW,Consisting of several kinds mingled together; mixed; as,chowchow
sweetmeats (preserved fruits put together).
CHOWDER,A dish made of fresh fish or clams, biscuit, onions, etc.,stewed together.
CHOWRY,A whisk to keep off files, used in the East Indies. Malcom.
CHOWTER,To grumble or mutter like a froward child. [Obs.] E. Phillips.
CHOY ROOT,See Chay root.
CHREMATISTICS,The science of wealth; the science, or a branch of the science,of
political economy.
CHREOTECHNICS,The science of the useful arts, esp. agriculture, manufactures,and
commerce. [R.]
CHRESTOMATHIC,Teaching what is useful. "A chrestomathic school." Southey.
CHRESTOMATHY,A selection of passages, with notes, etc., to be used inacquiring a
language; as, a Hebrew chrestomathy.
CHRISMAL,Of or pertaining to or used in chrism.
CHRISMATION,The act of applying the chrism, or consecrated oil.Chrismation or
cross-signing with ointment, was used in baptism. Jer.Taylor.
CHRISMATORY,A cruet or vessel in which chrism is kept.
CHRIST,The Anointed; an appellation given to Jesus, the Savior. It issynonymous
with the Hebrew Messiah.
CHRISTCROSS-ROW,The alphabet; -- formerly so called, either from the crossusually
set before it, or from a superstitious custom, sometimespracticed, of writing it in
the form of a cross, by way of a charm.From infant conning of the Christcross-row.
Wordsworth.
CHRISTIAN ERA,The era in use in all Christian countries, which was intendedto
commence with the birth of Christ. The era as now established wasfirst used by
Dionysius Exiguus (died about 540), who placed thebirth of Christ on the 25th of
December in the year of Rome 754,which year he counted as 1 a. d. This date for
Christ's birth is nowgenerally thought to be about four years too late.
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE,A system of healing disease of mind and body which teaches
thatall cause and effect is mental, and that sin, sickness, and deathwill be
destroyed by a full understanding of the Divine Principle ofJesus' teaching and
healing. The system was founded by Rev. MaryBaker Glover Eddy, of Concord, N. H.,
in 1866, and bases its teachingon the Scriptures as understood by its adherents.
CHRISTIAN SCIENTIST,A believer in Christian Science; one who practices
itsteachings.
CHRISTIAN SENECA,Joseph Hall (1574 -- 1656), Bishop of Norwich, a divine eminentas
a moralist.
CHRISTIAN SOCIALISM,Any theory or system that aims to combine the teachings
ofChrist with the teachings of socialism in their applications to
life;Christianized socialism; esp., the principles of this natureadvocated by F. D.
Maurice, Charles Kingsley, and others in Englandabout 1850. -- Christian socialist.
CHRISTIANIZATION,The act or process of converting or being converted to a
trueChristianity.
CHRISTIANIZE,To adopt the character or belief of a Christian; to
becomeChristian.The pagans began to Christianize. Latham.
CHRISTIANLIKE,Becoming to a Christian.A virtuous and a Christianlike conclusion.
Shak.
CHRISTIANLY,In a manner becoming the principles of the Christian
religion.Sufferings . . . patiently and Christianly borne. Sharp.
CHRISTIANNESS,Consonance with the doctrines of Christianity. [Obs.] Hammond.
CHRISTLESS,Without faith in Christ; unchristian. Tennyson.
CHRISTLIKE,Resembling Christ in character, actions, etc.-- Christ"like`ness, n.
CHRISTLY,Christlike. H. Bushnell.
CHRISTMAS,An annual church festival (December 25) and in some States alegal
holiday, in memory of the birth of Christ, often celebrated bya particular church
service, and also by special gifts, greetings,and hospitality. Christmas box. (a) A
box in which presents aredeposited at Christmas. (b) A present or small gratuity
given toyoung people and servants at Christmas; a Christmas gift.-- Christmas
carol, a carol sung at, or suitable for, Christmas.-- Christmas day. Same as
Christmas.-- Christmas eve, the evening before Christmas.-- Christmas fern (Bot.),
an evergreen North American fern (Aspidiumacrostichoides), which is much used for
decoration in winter.-- Christmas flower, Christmas rose, the black hellebore,
apoisonous plant of the buttercup family, which in Southern Europeoften produces
beautiful roselike flowers midwinter.-- Christmas tree, a small evergreen tree, set
up indoors, to bedecorated with bonbons, presents, etc., and illuminated on
Christmaseve.
CHRISTMASTIDE,The season of Christmas.
CHRISTOCENTRIC,Making Christ the center, about whom all things are grouped, asin
religion or history; tending toward Christ, as the central objectof thought or
emotion. J. W. Chadwick.
CHRISTOLOGY,A treatise on Christ; that department of theology which treatsof the
personality, attributes, or life of Christ.
CHRISTOM,See Chrisom. [Obs.] Shak.
CHRISTOPHANY,An appearance of Christ, as to his disciples after thecrucifixion.
CHROMASCOPE,An instrument for showing the optical effects of color.
CHROMATE,A salt of chromic acid.
CHROMATIC,Proceeding by the smaller intervals (half steps or semitones)of the
scale, instead of the regular intervals of the diatonic scale.
CHROMATICAL,Chromatic. [Obs.]
CHROMATICALLY,In a chromatic manner.
CHROMATICS,The science of colors; that part of optics which treats of theproperties
of colors.
CHROMATIN,Tissue which is capable of being stained by dyes.
CHROMATISM,The state of being colored, as in the case of images formed bya lens.
CHROMATOGENOUS,Producing color.
CHROMATOGRAPHY,A treatise on colors
CHROMATOLOGY,A treatise on colors.
CHROMATOPHORE,A contractile cell or vesicle containing liquid pigment andcapable of
changing its form or size, thus causing changes of colorin the translucent skin of
such animals as possess them. They arehighly developed and numerous in the
cephalopods.
CHROMATOSCOPE,A reflecting telescope, part of which is made to rotateeccentrically,
so as to produce a ringlike image of a star, insteadof a point; -- used in studying
the scintillation of the stars.
CHROMATOSPHERE,A chromosphere. [R.]
CHROMATROPE,An instrument for exhibiting certain chromatic effects of
light(depending upon the persistence of vision and mixture of colors) bymeans of
rapidly rotating disks variously colored.
CHROMATYPE,A colored photographic picture taken upon paper made sensitivewith
potassium bichromate or some other salt of chromium.
CHROME STEEL,Same as Chromium steel, under Steel.
CHROME,Same as Chromium. Chrome alum (Chem.), a dark violet substance,
(SO4)3Cr2.K2SO4.24H2O, analogous to, and crystallizing like, commonalum. It is
regarded as a double sulphate of chromium and potassium.-- Chrome green (a) The
green oxide of chromium, Cr2O3, used inenamel painting, and glass staining. (b) A
pigment made by mixingchrome yellow with Prussian blue.-- Chrome red, a beautiful
red pigment originally prepared from thebasic chromate of lead, but now made from
red oxide of lead.-- Chrome yellow, a brilliant yellow pigment, PbCrO4, used
bypainters.
CHROMIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, chromium; -- said of thecompounds of
chromium in which it has its higher valence. Chromicacid, an acid, H2CrO4,
analogous to sulphuric acid, not readilyobtained in the free state, but forming
well known salts, many ofwhich are colored pigments, as chrome yellow, chrome red,
etc.-- Chromic anhydride, a brilliant red crystalline substance, CrO3,regarded as
the anhydride of chromic acid. It is one of the mostpowerful oxidizers known.
CHROMID,One of the Chromidæ, a family of fresh-water fishes abundant inthe tropical
parts of America and Africa. Some are valuable foodfishes, as the bulti of the
Nile.
CHROMIDROSIS,Secretion of abnormally colored perspiration.
CHROMISM,Same as Chromatism.
CHROMITE,A black submetallic mineral consisting of oxide of chromium andiron; --
called also chromic iron.
CHROMIUM,A comparatively rare element occurring most abundantly in themineral
chromite. Atomic weight 52.5. Symbol Cr. When isolated it isa hard, brittle,
grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty. Itschief commercial importance is for
its compounds, as potassiumchromate, lead chromate, etc., which are brilliantly
colored and areused dyeing and calico printing. Called also chrome.
CHROMO,A chromolithograph.
CHROMOBLAST,An embryonic cell which develops into a pigment cell.
CHROMOGEN,Vegetable coloring matter other than green; chromule.
CHROMOGENIC,Containing, or capable of forming, chromogen; as, chromogenicbacteria.
CHROMOGRAPH,An apparatus by which a number of copies of written matter,maps, plans,
etc., can be made; -- called also hectograph.
CHROMOLEUCITE,A chromoplastid.
CHROMOLITHOGRAPH,A picture printed in tints and colors by repeated impressionsfrom
a series of stones prepared by the lithographic process.
CHROMOLITHOGRAPHER,One who is engaged in chromolithography.
CHROMOLITHOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to, or made by, chromolithography.
CHROMOLITHOGRAPHY,Lithography adapted to printing in inks of various colors.
CHROMOPHANE,A general name for the several coloring matters, red, green,yellow,
etc., present in the inner segments in the cones of theretina, held in solution by
fats, and slowly decolorized by light;distinct from the photochemical pigments of
the rods of the retina.
CHROMOPHORE,Any chemical group or residue (as NO
CHROMOPHOTOGRAPH,A picture made by any of the processes for reproducingphotographs
in colors. --Chro`mo*pho`to*graph"ic (#), a.
CHROMOPHOTOGRAPHY,The art of producing photographs in colors.
CHROMOPHOTOLITHOGRAPH,A photolithograph printed in colors.
CHROMOPLASTID,A protoplasmic granule of some other color than green; -- alsocalled
chromoleucite.
CHROMOSOME,One of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of thenucleus is
resolved during mitotic cell division; the idant ofWeismann.
CHROMOSPHERE,An atmosphere of rare matter, composed principally ofincandescent
hydrogen gas, surrounding the sun and enveloping thephotosphere. Portions of the
chromosphere are here and there thrownup into enormous tongues of flame.
CHROMOSPHERIC,Of or pertaining to the chromosphere.
CHROMOUS,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chromium, when this elementhas a
valence lower than that in chromic compounds. Chromous acid, abluish gray powder,
CrO.OH, of weak acid properties and regard as anacid.
CHROMULE,A general name for coloring matter of plants other thanchlorophyll,
especially that of petals.
CHRONICAL,Chronic.Partly on a chronical, and partly on a topical method. J.
A.Alexander.
CHRONICLE,The two canonical books of the Old Testament in whichimmediately follow 2
Kings.
CHRONICLER,A writer of a chronicle; a recorder of events in the order oftime; an
historian.Such an honest chronicler as Griffith. Shak.
CHRONIQUE,A chronicle. L. Addison.
CHRONOGRAM,Belonging to a chronogram, or containing one.
CHRONOGRAMMATIST,A writer of chronograms.
CHRONOGRAPHER,One who writes a chronography; a chronologer. Tooke.
CHRONOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to a chronograph.
CHRONOGRAPHY,A description or record of past time; history. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CHRONOLOGER,Same as Chronologist.
CHRONOLOGY,The science which treats of measuring time by regular divisionsor
periods, and which assigns to events or transactions their properdates.If history
without chronology is dark and confused, chronologywithout history is dry and
insipid. A. Holmes.
CHRONOMETER,A metronome. Box chronometer. See under Box.-- Pocket chronometer, a
chronometer in the form of a large watch.-- To rate a chronometer. See Rate, v. t.
CHRONOMETRY,The art of measuring time; the measuring of time by periods
ordivisions.
CHRONOPHER,An instrument signaling the correct time to distant points
byelectricity.
CHRONOPHOTOGRAPH,One of a set of photographs of a moving object, taken for
thepurpose of recording and exhibiting successive phases of the motion.--
Chron`o*pho*tog"ra*phy, n.
CHRONOSCOPE,An instrument for measuring minute intervals of time; used
indetermining the velocity of projectiles, the duration of short-livedluminous
phenomena, etc.
CHRYSALID,Pertaining to a chrysalis; resembling a chrysalis.
CHRYSALIS,The pupa state of certain insects, esp. of butterflies, fromwhich the
perfect insect emerges. See Pupa, and Aurelia (a).
CHRYSANILINE,A yellow substance obtained as a by-product in the manufactureof
rosaniline. It dyes silk a fine golden-yellow color.
CHRYSANTHEMUM,A genus of composite plants, mostly perennial, and of manyspecies
including the many varieties of garden chrysanthemums (annualand perennial), and
also the feverfew and the oxeye daisy.
CHRYSAROBIN,A bitter, yellow substance forming the essential constituent ofGoa
powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid proper; hence formerlycalled also
chrysphanic acid.
CHRYSAURIN,An orange-colored dyestuff, of artificial production.
CHRYSELEPHANTINE,Composed of, or adorned with, gold and ivory.
CHRYSENE,One of the higher aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied tonapthalene
and anthracene. It is a white crystalline substance,C18H12, of strong blue
fluorescence, but generally colored yellow byimpurities.
CHRYSOBERYL,A mineral, found in crystals, of a yellow to green or browncolor, and
consisting of aluminia and glucina. It is very hard, andis often used as a gem.
CHRYSOCHLORE,A South African mole of the genus Chrysochloris; the goldenmole, the
fur of which reflects brilliant metallic hues of green andgold.
CHRYSOCOLLA,A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring massive, of a blue orgreenish
blue color.
CHRYSOGEN,A yellow crystalline substance extracted from crude anthracene.
CHRYSOIDINE,An artificial, yellow, crystalline dye, C6H5N2.C6H3(NH2)2.Also, one of
a group of dyestuffs resembling chrysoïdine proper.
CHRYSOLITE,A mineral, composed of silica, magnesia, and iron, of a yellowto green
color. It is common in certain volcanic rocks; -- calledalso olivine and peridot.
Sometimes used as a gem. The name was alsoearly used for yellow varieties of
tourmaline and topaz.
CHRYSOLOGY,That branch of political economy which relates to theproduction of
wealth.
CHRYSOPA,A genus of neuropterous insects. See Lacewing.
CHRYSOPHANE,A glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow,crystalline
powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition.
CHRYSOPHANIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, or resembling,
chrysophane.Chrysophanic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance extractedfrom
rhubarb, yellow dock, sienna, chrysarobin, etc., and shown to bea derivative of an
anthracene. It is used in the treatment of skindiseases; -- called also rhein,
rheic acid, rhubarbarin, etc.
CHRYSOPRASE,An apple-green variety of chalcedony, colored by nickel. It hasa dull
flinty luster, and is sometimes used in jewelry.
CHRYSOPRASUS,See Chrysoprase. Rev. xxi. 20.
CHRYSOSPERM,The seed of gold; a means of creating gold. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CHTHONIAN,Designating, or pertaining to, gods or spirits of theunderworld; esp.,
relating to the underworld gods of the Greeks,whose worship is widely considered as
more primitive in form thanthat of the Olympian gods. The characteristics of
chthonian worshipare propitiatory and magical rites and generalized or
euphemisticnames of the deities, which are supposed to have been primarilyghosts.
CHTHONIC,Pertaining to the earth; earthy; as, chthonic religions.[The] chthonic
character of the wife of Zeus. Max Müller.
CHUB,A species to fresh-water fish of the Cyprinidæ or Carp family.The common
European species is Leuciscus cephalus; the cheven. InAmerica the name is applied
to various fishes of the same family, ofthe genera Semotilus, Squalius,
Ceratichthys, etc., and locally toseveral very different fishes, as the tautog,
black bass, etc. Chubmackerel (Zoöl.), a species of mackerel (Scomber colias) in
someyears found in abundance on the Atlantic coast, but absent in others;-- called
also bull mackerel, thimble-eye, and big-eye mackerel.-- Chub sucker (Zoöl.), a
fresh-water fish of the United States(Erimyzon sucetta); -- called also creekfish.
CHUB-FACED,Having a plump, short face.
CHUBBED,Chubby. [R.] H. Brooke.
CHUBBEDNESS,The state of being chubby.
CHUBBY,Like a chub; plump, short, and thick. "Chubby faces." I.Taylor.
CHUCK,To call, as a hen her chickens. Dryden.
CHUCKLE,A short, suppressed laugh; the expression of satisfaction,exultation, or
derision.
CHUCKLEHEAD,A person with a large head; a numskull; a dunce. [Low] Knowles.
CHUCKLEHEADED,Having a large head; thickheaded; dull; stupid. Smart.
CHUD,To champ; to bite. [Obs.] A. Stafford.
CHUET,Minced meat. [Obs.] Bacon.
CHUFA,A sedgelike plant (Cyperus esculentus) producing edible tubers,native about
the Mediterranean, now cultivated in many regions; theearth almond.
CHUFF,A coarse or stupid fellow. Shak.
CHUFFILY,Clownishly; surlily.
CHUFFINESS,The quality of being chuffy.
CHULAN,The fragrant flowers of the Chloranthus inconspicuus, used inChina for
perfuming tea.
CHUM,A roommate, especially in a college or university; an old andintimate friend.
CHUMP,A short, thick, heavy piece of wood. Morton. Chump end, thethick end; as, the
chump end of a joint of meat. Dickens.
CHUNAM,Quicklime; also, plaster or mortar. [India] Whitworth.
CHUNK,A short, thick piece of anything. [Colloq. U. S. & Prov. Eng.]
CHUNKY,Short and thick. [U. S.] Kane.
CHUPATTY,A kind of griddlecake of unleavened bread, used among thenatives of India.
[Anglo-Indian]
CHURCH MODES,The modes or scales used in ancient church music. SeeGregorian.
CHURCH,To bless according to a prescribed form, or to unite with inpublicly
returning thanks in church, as after deliverance from thedangers of childbirth; as,
the churching of women.
CHURCH-ALE,A church or parish festival (as in commemoration of thededication of a
church), at which much ale was used. Wright. Nares.
CHURCH-BENCH,A seat in the porch of a church. Shak.
CHURCH-HAW,Churchyard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHURCHDOM,The institution, government, or authority of a church. [R.] Bp.Pearson.
CHURCHGOER,One who attends church.
CHURCHISM,Strict adherence to the forms or principles of some churchorganization;
sectarianism.
CHURCHLESS,Without a church. T. Fuller.
CHURCHLIKE,Befitting a church or a churchman; becoming to a clergyman.Shak.
CHURCHLINESS,Regard for the church.
CHURCHLY,Pertaining to, or suitable for, the church; ecclesiastical.
CHURCHMANLY,Pertaining to, or becoming, a churchman. Milman.
CHURCHMANSHIP,The state or quality of being a churchman; attachment to thechurch.
CHURCHSHIP,State of being a church. South.
CHURCHWARDENSHIP,The office of a churchwarden.
CHURCHY,Relating to a church; unduly fond of church forms. [Colloq.]
CHURCHYARD,The ground adjoining a church, in which the dead are buried;
acemetery.Like graves in the holy churchyard. Shak.
CHURL,Churlish; rough; selfish. [Obs.] Ford.
CHURLISHLY,In a churlish manner.
CHURLISHNESS,Rudeness of manners or temper; lack of kindness or courtesy.
CHURLY,Rude; churlish; violent. Longfellow.
CHURN,A vessel in which milk or cream is stirred, beaten, orotherwise agitated (as
by a plunging or revolving dasher) in order toseparete the oily globules from the
other parts, and obtain butter.
CHURR,A vibrant or whirring noise such as that made by some insects,as the
cockchafer, or by some birds, as the nightjar, the partridge,etc.
CHURRUS,A powerfully narcotic and intoxicating gum resin which exudesfrom the
flower heads, seeds, etc., of Indian hemp.
CHURRWORM,An insect that turns about nimbly; the mole cricket; -- calledalso fan
cricket. Johnson.
CHUSE,See Choose. [Obs.]
CHUTE,A warm or spicy condiment or pickle made in India, compoundedof various
vegetable substances, sweets, acids, etc.
CHYLACEOUS,Possessed of the properties of chyle; consisting of chyle.
CHYLAQUEOUS,Consisting of chyle much diluted with water; -- said of aliquid which
forms the circulating fluid of some inferior animals.
CHYLE,A milky fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in astate of emulsion,
or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme bythe action of the intestinal
juices. It is absorbed by the lacteals,and conveyed into the blood by the thoracic
duct.
CHYLIFACTION,The act or process by which chyle is formed from food in animalbodies;
chylification, -- a digestive process.
CHYLIFACTIVE,Producing, or converting into, chyle; having the power to formchyle.
CHYLIFEROUS,[Chyle + -ferous: cf. F. chylifère.] (Physiol.) Transmitting
orconveying chyle; as, chyliferous vessels.
CHYLIFIC,Chylifactive.
CHYLIFICATION,The formation of chyle. See Chylifaction.
CHYLIFICATORY,Chylifactive.
CHYLIFY,To make chyle of; to be converted into chyle.
CHYLOPOETIC,Concerned in the formation of chyle; as, the chylopoeticorgans.
CHYLOUS,Consisting of, or similar to, chyle.
CHYLURIA,A morbid condition in which the urine contains chyle or fattymatter,
giving it a milky appearance.
CHYME,The pulpy mass of semi-digested food in the small intestinesjust after its
passage from the stomach. It is separated in theintestines into chyle and
excrement. See Chyle.
CHYMIFEROUS,Bearing or containing chyme.
CHYMIFICATION,The conversion of food into chyme by the digestive action ofgastric
juice.
CHYMIFY,To form into chyme.
CHYMOUS,Of or pertaining to chyme.
CHYOMETER,An instrument for measuring liquids. It consists of a pistonmoving in a
tube in which is contained the liquid, the quantityexpelled being indicated by the
graduation upon the piston rod.
CI-DEVANT,Former; previous; of times gone by; as, a cidevant governor.
CIBARIOUS,Pertaining to food; edible. Johnson.
CIBATION,The process or operation of feeding the contents of thecrucilbe with fresh
material. B. Jonson.
CIBOL,A perennial alliaceous plant (Allium fistulosum), sometimescalled Welsh
onion. Its fistular leaves areused in cookery.
CIBORIUM,A canopy usually standing free and supported on four columns,covering the
high altar, or, very rarely, a secondary altar.
CICADA,Any species of the genus Cicada. They are large hemipterousinsects, with
nearly transparent wings. The male makes a shrill soundby pecular organs in the
under side of the abdomen, consisting of apair of stretched membranes, acted upon
by powerful muscles. A notedAmerican species (C. septendecim) is called the
seventeen yearlocust. Another common species is the dogday cicada.
CICALA,A cicada. See Cicada. "At eve a dry cicala sung." Tennison.
CICATRICE,A cicatrix.
CICATRICIAL,Relating to, or having the character of, a cicatrix. Dunglison.
CICATRICLE,The germinating point in the embryo of a seed; the point in theyolk of
an egg at which development begins.
CICATRISIVE,Tending to promote the formation of a cicatrix; good forhealing of a
wound.
CICATRIX,The pellicle which forms over a wound or breach of continuityand completes
the process of healing in the latter, and whichsubsequently contracts and becomes
white, forming the scar.
CICATRIZANT,A medicine or application that promotes the healing of a soreor wound,
or the formation of a cicatrix.
CICATRIZATION,The process of forming a cicatrix, or the state of beingcicatrized.
CICATRIZE,To heal or induce the formation of a cicatrix in, as in woundedor
ulcerated flesh. Wiseman.
CICATROSE,Full of scars. Craig.
CICELY,Any one of several umbelliferous plants, of the genera Myrrhis,Osmorrhiza,
etc.
CICERO,Pica type; -- so called by French printers.
CICERONE,One who shows strangers the curiosities of a place; a guide.Every glib and
loquacious hireling who shows strangers about theirpicture galleries, palaces, and
ruins, is termed by them [theItalians] a cicerone, or a Cicero. Trench.
CICERONIAN,Resembling Cicero in style or action; eloquent.
CICERONIANISM,Imitation of, or resemblance to, the style or action Cicero;
aCiceronian phrase or expression. "Great study in Ciceronianism, thechief abuse of
Oxford." Sir P. Sidney.
CICH-PEA,The chick-pea. Holland.
CICHORACEOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, a suborder of composite plants ofwhich
the chicory (Cichorium) is the type.
CICISBEISM,The state or conduct of a cicisbeo.
CICLATOUN,A costly cloth, of uncertain material, used in the Middle Ages.[Obs.]
[Written also checklaton, chekelatoun.]His robe was of ciclatoun, That coste many a
Jane. Chaucer.
CICURATE,To tame. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CICURATION,The act of taming. [Obs.] Ray.
CICUTA,a genus of poisonous umbelliferous plants, of which the waterhemlock or
cowbane is best known.
CICUTOXIN,The active principle of the water hemlock (Cicuta) extracted asa
poisonous gummy substance.
CIDER,The expressed juice of apples. It is used as a beverage, formaking vinegar,
and for other purposes.
CIDERIST,A maker of cider. [Obs.] Mortimer.
CIDERKIN,A kind of weak cider made by steeping the refuse pomace inwater.Ciderkin
is made for common drinking, and supplies the place of smallbeer. Mortimer.
CIERGE,A wax candle used in religous rites.
CIGAR,A small roll of tobacco, used for smoking. Cigar fish (Zoöl.),a fish
(Decapterus punctatus), allied to the mackerel, found on thecoast of the Gulf of
Mexico.
CIGARETTE,A little cigar; a little fine tobacco rolled in paper forsmoking.
CILIA,The eyelashes.
CILIARY,Pertaining to the cilia, or eyelashes. Also applied to specialparts of the
eye itself; as, the ciliary processes of the choroidcoat; the ciliary muscle, etc.
CILIATA,One of the orders of Infusoria, characterized by having cilia.In some
species the cilia cover the body generally, in others theyform a band around the
mouth.
CILICE,A kind of haircloth undergarment. Southey.
CILICIAN,Of or pertaining to Cilicia in Asia Minor.-- n.
CILICIOUS,Made, or consisting, of hair. [Obs.]A Cilicious or sackcloth habit. Sir
T. Browne.
CILIOGRADE,Moving by means of cilia, or cilialike organs; as, theciliograde Medusæ.
CILIUM,See Cilia.
CILL,See Sill., n. a foundation.
CILLOSIS,A spasmodic trembling of the upper eyelid.
CIMA,A kind of molding. See Cyma.
CIMAR,See Simar.
CIMBAL,A kind of confectionery or cake. [Obs.] Nares.
CIMBIA,A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if tostrengthen it.
[Written also cimia.]
CIMBRIAN,Of or pertaining to the Cimbri.-- n.
CIMBRIC,Pertaining to the Cimbri, an ancient tribe inhabiting NorthernGermany.-- n.
CIMELIARCH,A superintendent or keeper of a church's valuables; achurchwarden.
[Obs.] Bailey.
CIMETER,See Scimiter.
CIMEX,A genus of hemipterous insects of which the bedbug is the bestknown example.
See Bedbug.
CIMIA,See Cimbia.
CIMISS,The bedbug. [Obs.] Wright.
CIMOLITE,A soft, earthy, clayey mineral, of whitish or grayish color.
CINCHONA,A genus of trees growing naturally on the Andes in Peru andadjacent
countries, but now cultivated in the East Indies, producinga medicinal bark of
great value.
CINCHONACEOUS,Allied or pertaining to cinchona, or to the plants that produceit.
CINCHONIC,Belonging to, or obtained from, cinchona. Mayne.
CINCHONIDINE,One of the quinine group of alkaloids, found especially in redcinchona
bark. It is a white crystalline substance, C19H22N2O, with abitter taste and
qualities similar to, but weaker than, quinine; --sometimes called also
cinchonidia.
CINCHONINE,One of the quinine group of alkaloids isomeric with andresembling
cinchonidine; -- called also cinchonia.
CINCHONISM,A condition produced by the excessive or long-continued use ofquinine,
and marked by deafness, roaring in the ears, vertigo, etc.
CINCHONIZE,To produce cinchonism in; to poison with quinine or withcinchona.
CINCINNATI EPOCH,An epoch at the close of the American lower Silurian system.The
rocks are well developed near Cincinnati, Ohio. The groupincludes the Hudson River
and Lorraine shales of New york.
CINCINNUS,A form of monochasium in which the lateral branches arisealternately on
opposite sides of the false axis; -- called alsoscorpioid cyme. --Cin*cin"nal (#),
a.
CINCTURE,The fillet, listel, or band next to the apophyge at theextremity of the
shaft of a column.
CINCTURED,Having or wearing a cincture or gridle.
CINDERY,Resembling, or composed of, cinders; full of cinders.
CINEFACTION,Cineration; reduction to ashes. [Obs.]
CINEMATICS,See Kinematics.
CINEMATOGRAPH,A machine, combining magic lantern and kinetoscope features,for
projecting on a screen a series of pictures, moved rapidly (25 to50 a second) and
intermittently before an objective lens, andproducing by persistence of vision the
illusion of continuous motion;a moving-picture machine; also, any of several other
machines ordevices producing moving pictorial effects. Other common names forthe
cinematograph are animatograph, biograph, bioscope, electrograph,electroscope,
kinematograph, kinetoscope, veriscope, vitagraph,vitascope, zoögyroscope,
zoöpraxiscope, etc.
CINEMATOGRAPHER,One who exhibits moving pictures or who takes chronophotographsby
the cinematograph. -- Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic (#), a. --Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic*al*ly
(#), adv.
CINEMOGRAPH,An integrating anemometer.
CINERACEOUS,Like ashes; ash-colored; cinerous.
CINERARIA,A Linnæan genus of free-flowering composite plants, mostly fromSouth
Africa. Several species are cultivated for ornament.
CINERARY,Pertaining to ashes; containing ashes. Cinerary urns, vesselsused by the
ancients to preserve the ashes of the dead when burned.
CINERATION,The reducing of anything to ashes by combustion; cinefaction.
CINEREOUS,Like ashes; ash-colored; grayish.
CINERESCENT,Somewhat cinereous; of a color somewhat resembling that of woodashes.
CINERITIOUS,Like ashes; having the color of ashes, -- as the corticalsubstance of
the brain.
CINERULENT,Full of ashes. [Obs.]
CINGALESE,A native or natives of Ceylon descended from its primitiveinhabitants;
also (sing.),
CINGLE,A girth. [R.] See Surcingle.
CINNABAR,Red sulphide of mercury, occurring in brilliant red crystals,and also in
red or brown amorphous masses. It is used in medicine.
CINNABARINE,Pertaining to, or resembling, cinnabar; consisting of cinnabar,or
containing it; as, cinnabarine sand.
CINNAMENE,Styrene (which was formerly called cinnamene because obtainedfrom
cinnamic acid). See Styrene.
CINNAMIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, cinnamon. Cinnamic acid(Chem.), a white,
crystalline, odorless substance.C6H5.C2H2C2H2.CO2H, formerly obtained from storax
and oil ofcinnamon, now made from certain benzene derivatives in largequantities,
and used for the artificial production of indigo.
CINNAMOMIC,See Cinnamic.
CINNAMONE,A yellow crystalline substance, (C6H5.C2H2)2CO, the ketone ofcinnamic
acid.
CINNAMYL,The hypothetical radical, (C6H5.C2H2)2C, of cinnamic compounds.[Formerly
written also cinnamule.]
CINNOLINE,A nitrogenous organic base, C8H6N2, analogous to quinoline,obtained from
certain complex diazo compounds.
CINQUE PORTS,Five English ports, to which peculiar privileges were
ancientlyaccorded; -- viz., Hastings, Romney, Hythe, Dover, and Sandwich;afterwards
increased by the addition of Winchelsea, Rye, and someminor places. Baron of the
Cinque Ports. See under Baron.
CINQUE,Five; the number five in dice or cards.
CINQUE-PACE,A lively dance (called also galliard), the steps of which wereregulated
by the number five. [Obs.] Nares. Shak.
CINQUE-SPOTTED,Five-spotted. [R.] Shak.
CINQUECENTO,The sixteenth century, when applied to Italian art orliterature; as,
the sculpture of the Cinquecento; Cinquecento style.
CINQUEFOIL,The name of several different species of the genus Potentilla;-- also
called five-finger, because of the resemblance of its leavesto the fingers of the
hand.
CINTER,See Center.
CINURA,The group of Thysanura which includes Lepisma and allied forms;the
bristletails. See Bristletail, and Lepisma.
CION,See Scion.The cion overruleth the stock; and the stock is but passive,
andgiveth aliment, but no motion, to the graft. Bacon.
CIPHER,A character [0] which, standing by itself, expresses nothing,but when placed
at the right hand of a whole number, increases itsvalue tenfold.
CIPHERER,One who ciphers.
CIPHERHOOD,Nothingness. [R.] Goodwin.
CIPOLIN,A whitish marble, from Rome, containiing pale greenish zones.It consists of
calcium carbonate, with zones and cloudings of talc.
CIPPUS,A small, low pillar, square or round, commonly having aninscription, used by
the ancients for various purposes, as forindicating the distances of places, for a
landmark, for sepulchralinscriptions, etc. Gwilt.
CIRC,An amphitheatrical circle for sports; a circus. [R.] T. Warton.
CIRCAR,A district, or part of a province. See Sircar. [India]
CIRCASSIAN,Of or pertaining to Circassia, in Asia.-- n.
CIRCEAN,Having the characteristics of Circe, daughter of Sol andPerseis, a
mythological enchantress, who first charmed her victimsand then changed them to the
forms of beasts; pleasing, but noxious;as, a Circean draught.
CIRCINAL,Circinate.
CIRCINATE,Rolled together downward, the tip occupying the center; -- aterm used in
reference to foliation or leafing, as in ferns. Gray.
CIRCLE,An instrument of observation, the graduated limb of whichconsists of an
entire circle.
CIRCLED,Having the form of a circle; round. "Monthly changes in hercircled orb."
Shak.
CIRCLER,A mean or inferior poet, perhaps from his habit of wanderingaround as a
stroller; an itinerant poet. Also, a name given to thecyclic poets. See under
Cyclic, a. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CIRCOCELE,See Cirsocele.
CIRCUIT,To move in a circle; to go round; to circulate. [Obs.] J.Philips.
CIRCUITEER,A circuiter. Pope.
CIRCUITER,One who travels a circuit, as a circuit judge. [R.] R.Whitlock.
CIRCUITION,The act of going round; circumlocution. [R.]
CIRCUITOUS,Going round in a circuit; roundabout; indirect; as, acircuitous road; a
circuitous manner of accompalishing an end.-- Cir*cu"i*tous*ly, adv.--
Cir*cu"i*tous*ness, n.
CIRCUITY,A going round in a circle; a course not direct; a roundaboutway of
proceeding.
CIRCULABLE,That may be circulated.
CIRCULARITY,The quality or state of being circular; a circular form.
CIRCULARLY,In a circular manner.
CIRCULARY,Circular; illogical. [Obs. & .] "Cross and circulary speeches."Hooker.
CIRCULATE,To cause to pass from place to place, or from person to person;to spread;
as, to circulate a report; to circulate bills of credit.Circulating pump. See under
Pump.
CIRCULATION,The movement of the blood in the blood-vascular system, bywhich it is
brought into close relations with almost every livingelementary constituent. Also,
the movement of the sap in the vesselsand tissues of plants.
CIRCULATIVE,Promoting circulation; circulating. [R.] Coleridge.
CIRCULATOR,One who, or that which, circulates.
CIRCULATORIOUS,Travelling from house to house or from town to town; itinerant.
[Obs.] "Circulatorious jugglers." Barrow.
CIRCULATORY,Subserving the purposes of circulation; as, circulatory organs;of or
pertaining to the organs of circulation; as, circulatorydiseases.
CIRCULET,A circlet. [Obs.] Spenser.
CIRCULINE,Proceeding in a circle; circular. [Obs.] "With motioncirculine". Dr. H.
More.
CIRCUM-,A Latin preposition, used as a prefix in many English words,and signifying
around or about.
CIRCUMAGITATE,To agitate on all sides. Jer. Taylor.
CIRCUMAMBAGE,A roundabout or indirect course; indirectness. [Obs.] S.Richardson.
CIRCUMAMBIENCY,The act of surrounding or encompassing. Sir T. Browne.
CIRCUMAMBIENT,Surrounding; inclosing or being on all sides; encompassing."The
circumambient heaven." J. Armstrong.
CIRCUMAMBULATE,To walk round about.-- Cir`cum*am`bu*la"tion, n.
CIRCUMBENDIBUS,A roundabout or indirect way. [Jocular] Goldsmith.
CIRCUMCENTER,The center of a circle that circumscribes a triangle.
CIRCUMCISE,To purify spiritually.
CIRCUMCISER,One who performs circumcision. Milton.
CIRCUMCLUSION,Act of inclosing on all sides. [R.]
CIRCUMCURSATION,The act of running about; also, rambling language. [Obs.]Barrow.
CIRCUMDENUDATION,Denudation around or in the neighborhood of an object. Hills
ofcircumdenudation, hills which have been produced by surface erosion;the
elevations which have been left, after denudation of a mass ofhigh ground. Jukes.
CIRCUMDUCE,To declare elapsed, as the time allowed for introducingevidence. Sir W.
Scott.
CIRCUMDUCT,To contravene; to nullify; as, to circumduct acts ofjudicature. [Obs.]
Ayliffe.
CIRCUMDUCTION,The rotation of a limb round an imaginary axis, so as todescribe a
concial surface.
CIRCUMESOPHAGAL,Surrounding the esophagus; -- in Zool. said of the nervecommissures
and ganglia of arthropods and mollusks.
CIRCUMESOPHAGEAL,Circumesophagal.
CIRCUMFER,To bear or carry round. [Obs.] Bacon.
CIRCUMFERENCE,To include in a circular space; to bound. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL,Pertaining to the circumference; encompassing;
encircling;circuitous. Parkhurst.
CIRCUMFERENTIALLY,So as to surround or encircle.
CIRCUMFLANT,Blowing around. [Obs.] Evelyn.
CIRCUMFLECTION,See Circumflexion.
CIRCUMFLEX,To mark or pronounce with a circumflex. Walker.
CIRCUMFLUENCE,A flowing round on all sides; an inclosing with a fluid.
CIRCUMFULGENT,Shining around or about.
CIRCUMFUSE,To pour round; to spread round.His army circumfused on either wing.
Milton.
CIRCUMFUSILE,Capable of being poured or spread round. "Circumfusile gold."Pope.
CIRCUMFUSION,The act of pouring or spreading round; the state of beingspread round.
Swift.
CIRCUMGESTATION,The act or process of carrying about. [Obs.]Circumgestation of the
eucharist to be adored. Jer. Taylor.
CIRCUMGYRATE,To roll or turn round; to cause to perform a rotary or circularmotion.
Ray.
CIRCUMGYRATION,The act of turning, rolling, or whirling round.A certain turbulent
and irregular circumgyration. Holland.
CIRCUMGYRATORY,Moving in a circle; turning round. Hawthorne.
CIRCUMGYRE,To circumgyrate. [Obs.]
CIRCUMINCESSION,The reciprocal existence in each other of the three persons ofthe
Trinity.
CIRCUMJACENCE,Condition of being circumjacent, or of bordering ou every side.
CIRCUMJACENT,Lying round; borderong on every side. T. Fuller.
CIRCUMJOVIAL,One of the moons or satellites of the planet Jupiter. [Obs.]Derham.
CIRCUMLITTORAL,Adjointing the shore.
CIRCUMLOCUTION,The use of many words to express an idea that might beexpressed by
few; indirect or roundabout language; a periphrese.the plain Billingagate way of
calling names . . . would saveabundance of time lost by circumlocution.
Swift.Circumlocution office, a term of riducle for a governmental officewhere
business is delayed by passing through the hands of differentofficials.
CIRCUMLOCUTIONAL,Relating to, or consisting of, circumlocutions;
periphrastic;circuitous.
CIRCUMLOCUTORY,Characterised by circumlocution; periphrastic. Shenstone.The
officials set to work in regular circumlocutory order. Chambers'sJournal.
CIRCUMMERIDIAN,About, or near, the meridian.
CIRCUMMURE,To encompass with a wall. Shak.
CIRCUMNAVIGABLE,Capable of being sailed round. Ray.
CIRCUMNAVIGATE,To sail completely round.Having circumnavigated the whole earth. T.
Fuller.
CIRCUMNAVIGATION,The act of circumnavigating, or sailing round. Arbuthnot.
CIRCUMNAVIGATOR,One who sails round. W. Guthrie.
CIRCUMNUTATE,To pass through the stages of circumnutation.
CIRCUMNUTATION,The successive bowing or bending in different directions of
thegrowing tip of the stems of many plants, especially seen in climbingplants.
CIRCUMPOLAR,About the pole; -- applied to stars that revolve around thepole without
setting; as, circumpolar stars.
CIRCUMPOSITION,The act of placing in a circle, or round about, or the state ofbeing
so placed. Evelyn.
CIRCUMROTATE,To rotate about. [R.]
CIRCUMROTATION,The act of rolling or revolving round, as a wheel;circumvolution;
the state of being whirled round. J. Gregory.
CIRCUMSCISSILE,Dehiscing or opening by a transverse fissure extending around(a
capsule or pod). See Illust. of Pyxidium.
CIRCUMSCRIBABLE,Capable of being circumscribed.
CIRCUMSCRIBE,To draw a line around si as to touch at certain points withoutcutting.
See Inscribe, 5.
CIRCUMSCRIBER,One who, or that which, circumscribes.
CIRCUMSCRIPTIBLE,Capable of being circumscribed or limited by bounds.
CIRCUMSCRIPTIVE,Circumscribing or tending to circumscribe; marcing the limitsor
form of.
CIRCUMSCRIPTIVELY,In a limited manner.
CIRCUMSCRIPTLY,In a literal, limited, or narrow manner. [R.] Milton.
CIRCUMSPECT,Attentive to all the circustances of a case or the probableconsequences
of an action; cautious; prudent; wary.
CIRCUMSPECTION,Attention to all the facts and circumstances of a case;caution;
watchfulness.With silent circumspection, unespied. Milton.
CIRCUMSPECTIVE,Looking around everi way; cautious; careful of consequences;watchful
of danger. "Circumspective eyes." Pope.
CIRCUMSPECTIVELY,Circumspectly.
CIRCUMSPECTLY,In a circumspect manner; cautiously; warily.
CIRCUMSPECTNESS,Vigilance un guarding against evil from every quarter; caution.
[Travel] forces circumspectness on those abroad, who at home arenursed in security.
Sir H. Wotton.
CIRCUMSTANCE,Condition in regard to worldly estate; state of property;situation;
surroundings.When men are easy in their circumstances, they are naturally enemiesto
innovations. Addison.Not a circumstance, of no account. [Colloq.] -- Under
thecircumstances, taking all things into consideration.
CIRCUMSTANT,Standing or placed around; surrounding. [R.] "Circumstantbodies." Sir
K. Digby.
CIRCUMSTANTIABLE,Capable of being circumstantiated. [Obs.] Jer Taylor.
CIRCUMSTANTIAL,Something incidental to the main subject, but of lessimportance;
opposed to an essential; -- generally in the plural; as,the circumstantials of
religion. Addison.
CIRCUMSTANTIALITY,The state, characteristic, or quality of being
circumstantial;particularity or minuteness of detail. "I will endeavor to
describewith sufficient circumstantiality." De Quincey.
CIRCUMTERRANEOUS,Being or dwelling around the earth. "Circumterraneous demouns."H.
Hallywell.
CIRCUMUNDULATE,To flow round, as waves. [R.]
CIRCUMVALLATE,To surround with a rampart or wall. Johnson.
CIRCUMVECTION,The act of carrying anything around, or the state of being socarried.
CIRCUMVENT,To gain advantage over by arts, stratagem, or deception; todecieve; to
delude; to get around.I circumvented whom I could not gain. Dryden.
CIRCUMVENTION,The act of prevailing over another by arts, address, or
fraud;deception; fraud; imposture; delusion.A school in which he learns sly
circumvention. Cowper.
CIRCUMVENTIVE,Tending to circumvent; deceiving by artifices; deluding.
CIRCUMVENTOR,One who circumvents; one who gains his purpose by cunning.
CIRCUMVEST,To cover round, as woth a garment; to invest. [Obs.]Circumvested with
much prejudice. Sir H. Wotton.
CIRCUMVOLANT,Flying around.The circumvolant troubles of humanity. G. Macdonald.
CIRCUMVOLATION,The act of flying round. [R.]
CIRCUMVOLVE,To roll round; to cause to revolve; to put into a circularmotion.
Herrick.
CIRCUS,A level oblong space surrounded on three sides by seats ofwood, earth, or
stone, rising in tiers one above another, and dividedlengthwise through the middle
by a barrier around which the track orcourse was laid out. It was used for chariot
races, games, and publicshows.
CIRL BUNTING,A European bunting (Emberiza cirlus).
CIRRATE,Having cirri along the margin of a part or organ.
CIRRHIFEROUS,See Cirriferous.
CIRRHOSE,Same as Cirrose.
CIRRHOSIS,A disease of the liver in which it usually becomes smaller insize and
more dense and fibrous in consistence; hence sometimesapplied to similar changes in
other organs, caused by increase in thefibrous framework and decrease in the proper
substance of the organ.
CIRRHOTIC,Pertaining to, caused by, or affected with, cirrhosis; as,cirrhotic
degeneration; a cirrhotic liver.
CIRRHOUS,See Cirrose.
CIRRHUS,Same as Cirrus.
CIRRI,See Cirrus.
CIRRIFEROUS,Bearing cirri, as many plants and animals.
CIRRIFORM,Formed like a cirrus or tendril; -- said of appendages of bothanimals and
plants.
CIRRIGEROUS,Having curled locks of hair; supporting cirri, or hairlikeappendages.
CIRRIGRADE,Moving or moved by cirri, or hairlike appendages.
CIRRIPED,One of the Cirripedia.
CIRRIPEDIA,An order of Crustacea including the barnacles. When adult, theyhave a
calcareous shell composed of several pieces. From the openingof the shell the
animal throws out a group of curved legs, lookinglike a delicate curl, whence the
name of the group. See Anatifa.
CIRRO-CUMULUS,See under Cloud.
CIRRO-STRATUS,See under Cloud.
CIRROBRANCHIATA,A division of Mollusca having slender, cirriform appendagesnear the
mouth; the Scaphopoda.
CIRROSTOMI,The lowest group of vertebrates; -- so called from the cirriaround the
mouth; the Leptocardia. See Amphioxus.
CIRROUS,Cirrose.
CIRRUS,A tendril or clasper.
CIRSOCELE,The varicose dilatation of the spermatic vein.
CIRSOID,Varicose. Cirsoid aneurism, a disease of an artery in which itbecomes
dilated and elongated, like a varicose vein.
CIRSOTOMY,Any operation for the removal of varices by incision.Dunglison.
CIS-,A Latin preposition, sometimes used as a prefix in Englishwords, and
signifying on this side.
CISALPINE,On the hither side of the Alps with reference to Rome, that is,on the
south side of the Alps; -- opposed to transalpine.
CISATLANTIC,On this side of the Atlantic Ocean; -- used of the eastern orthe
western side, according to the standpoint of the writer. Story.
CISCO,The Lake herring (Coregonus Artedi), valuable food fish of theGreat Lakes of
North America. The name is also applied to C. Hoyi, arelated species of Lake
Michigan.
CISELURE,The process of chasing on metals; also, the work thus chased.Weale.
CISLEITHAN,On the Austrian side of the river Leitha; Austrian.
CISMONTANE,On this side of the mountains. See under Ultramontane.
CISPADANE,On the hither side of the river Po with reference to Rome; thatis, on the
south side.
CISSOID,A curve invented by Diocles, for the purpose of solving twocelebrated
problems of the higher geometry; viz., to trisect a planeangle, and to construct
two geometrical means between two givenstraight lines.
CIST,A box or chest. Specifically: (a) A bronze receptacle, round oroval,
frequently decorated with engravings on the sides and cover,and with feet, handles,
etc., of decorative castings. (b) A cineraryurn. See Illustration in Appendix.
CISTED,Inclosed in a cyst. See Cysted.
CISTERCIAN,A monk of the prolific branch of the Benedictine Order,established in
1098 at Cîteaux, in France, by Robert, abbot ofMolesme. For two hundred years the
Cistercians followed the rule ofSt. Benedict in all its rigor.-- a.
CISTIC,See Cystic.
CIT,A citizen; an inhabitant of a city; a pert townsman; -- usedcontemptuously.
"Insulted as a cit". JohnsonWhich past endurance sting the tender cit. Emerson.
CITABLE,Capable of being cited.
CITADEL,A fortress in or near a fortified city, commanding the city
andfortifications, and intended as a final point of defense. Syn. -Stronghold. See
Fortress.
CITATION,A reference to decided cases, or books of authority, to prove apoint in
law.
CITATOR,One who cites. [R]
CITATORY,Having the power or form of a citation; as, letters citatory.
CITE,To notify of a proceeding in court. Abbot
CITER,One who cites.
CITESS,A city woman [R.]
CITHARA,An ancient instrument resembling the harp.
CITHARISTIC,Pertaining, or adapted, to the cithara.
CITHERN,See Cittern.
CITICISM,The manners of a cit or citizen.
CITIFIED,Aping, or having, the manners of a city.
CITIGRADAE,A suborder of Arachnoidea, including the European tarantula andthe wolf
spiders (Lycosidae) and their allies, which capture theirprey by rapidly running
and jumping. See Wolf spider.
CITIGRADE,Pertaining to the Citigradæ.-- n.
CITINER,One who is born or bred in a city; a citizen. [Obs.] Champan.
CITIZENESS,A female citizen. [R.]
CITIZENSHIP,The state of being a citizen; the status of a citizen.
CITOLE,A musical instrument; a kind of dulcimer. [Obs.]
CITRACONIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or having certain characteristicsof, citric
and aconitic acids. Citraconic acid (Chem.), a white,crystalline, deliquescent
substance, C3H4(CO2H)2, obtained bydistillation of citric acid. It is a compound of
the ethylene series.
CITRANGE,A citrous fruit produced by a cross between the sweet orangeand the
trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata). It is more acid andhas a more pronounced
aroma than the orange; the tree is hardier.There are several varieties.
CITRATE,A salt of citric acid.
CITRIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the citron or lemon; as,citric acid.
Citric acid (Chem.), an organic acid, C3H4OH.(CO2H)3,extracted from lemons,
currants, gooseberies, etc., as a whitecrystalline substance, having a pleasant
sour taste.
CITRINATION,The process by which anything becomes of the color of a lemon;esp., in
alchemy, the state of perfection in the philosopher's stoneindicated by its
assuming a deep yellow color. Thynne.
CITRINE,Like a citron or lemon; of a lemon color; greenish yellow.Citrine ointment
(Med.), a yellowish mercurial ointment, theunquentum hydrargyri nitratis.
CITRON,A fruit resembling a lemon, but larger, and pleasantlyaromatic. The thick
rind, when candied, is the citron of commerce.
CITRUS,A genus of trees including the orange, lemon, citron, etc.,originally
natives of southern Asia.
CITTERN,An instrument shaped like a lute, but strung with wire andplayed with a
quill or plectrum. [Written also cithern.] Shak.
CITTERN-HEAD,Blockhead; dunce; -- so called because the handle of a citternusually
ended with a carved head. Marsion
CITY,Of or pertaining to a city. Shak. City council. See underCouncil.-- City
court, The municipal court of a city. [U. S.] -- City ward,a watchman, or the
collective watchmen, of a city. [Obs.] Fairfax.
CIVE,Same as Chive.
CIVET,The animal that produces civet (Viverra civetta); -- calledalso civet cat. It
is carnivorous, from two to three feet long, andof a brownish gray color, with
transverse black bands and spots onthe body and tail. It is a native of northern
Africa and of Asia. Thename is also applied to other species.
CIVIC,Relating to, or derived from, a city or citizen; relating toman as a member
of society, or to civil affairs. Civic crown (Rom.Antiq.), a crown or garland of
oak leaves and acorns, bestowed on asoldier who had saved the life of a citizen in
battle.
CIVICISM,The principle of civil government.
CIVICS,The science of civil government.
CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION,In the United States, a commission appointed by the
President,consisting of three members, not more than two of whom may beadherents of
the same party, which has the control, throughexaminations, of appointments and
promotions in the classified civilservice. It was created by act of Jan, 16, 1883
(22 Stat. 403).
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM,The substitution of business principles and methods
forpolitical methods in the conduct of the civil service. esp. the meritsystem
instead of the spoils system in making appointments to office.
CIVILIST,A civilian. [R.] Warbur
CIVILIZABLE,Capable of being civilized.
CIVILIZATION,Rendering a criminal process civil. [Obs.]
CIVILIZED,Reclaimed from savage life and manners; instructed in arts,learning, and
civil manners; refined; cultivated.Sale of conscience and duty in open market is
not reconcilable withthe present state of civilized society. J. Quincy.
CIVILIZER,One who, or that which, civilizes or tends to civilize.
CIVILY,In a civil manner; as regards civil rights and privileges;politely;
courteously; in a well bred manner.
CIVISM,State of citizenship. [R.] Dyer.
CIZAR,To clip with scissors. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
CIZARS,Scissors. [Obs.] Swift.
CIZE,Bulk; largeness. [Obs.] See Size.
CLABBER,Milk curdled so as to become thick.
CLACHAN,A small village containing a church. [Scot.] Sir W. ScottSitting at the
clachon alehouse. R. L. Stevenson.
CLAD,To clothe. [Obs.] Holland.
CLADOCERA,An order of the Entomostraca.
CLADOPHYLL,A special branch, resembling a leaf, as in the apparent foliageof the
broom (Ruscus) and of the common cultivated smilax(Myrsiphillum).
CLAGGY,Adhesive; -- said of a roof in a mine to which coal clings.
CLAIK,See Clake.
CLAIM,To be entitled to anything; to deduce a right or title; to havea claim.We
must know how the first ruler, from whom any one claims, came byhis authority.
Locke.
CLAIMABLE,Capable of being claimed.
CLAIMANT,One who claims; one who asserts a right or title; a claimer.
CLAIMER,One who claims; a claimant.
CLAIMLESS,Having no claim.
CLAIR-OBSCUR,See Chiaroscuro.
CLAIRAUDIENCE,Act of hearing, or the ability to hear, sounds not normallyaudible;
-- usually claimed as a special faculty of spiritualisticmediums, or the like.
CLAIRAUDIENT,Pertaining to, or characterized by, clairaudience.
CLAIRE,A small inclosed pond used for gathering and greening oysters.
CLAIRVOYANCE,A power, attributed to some persons while in a mesmeric state,of
discering objects not perceptible by the senses in their normalcondition.
CLAIRVOYANT,Pertaining to clairvoyance; discerning objects while in amesmeric state
which are not present to the senses.
CLAM,A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that areedible; as, the long
clam (Mya arenaria), the quahog or round clam(Venus mercenaria), the sea clam or
hen clam (Spisula solidissima),and other species of the United States. The name is
said to have beengiven originally to the Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian
bivalve.You shall scarce find any bay or shallow shore, or cove of sand,where you
may not take many clampes, or lobsters, or both, at yourpleasure. Capt. John Smith
(1616).Clams, or clamps, is a shellfish not much unlike a coclke; it liethunder the
sand. Wood (1634).
CLAMANT,Crying earnestly, beseeching clamorousky. "Clamant children."Thomson.
CLAMATION,The act of crying out. Sir T. Browne.
CLAMATORES,A division of passerine birds in which the vocal muscles arebut little
developed, so that they lack the power of singing.
CLAMATORIAL,Like or pertaining to the Clamatores.
CLAMBAKE,The backing or steaming of clams on heated stones, betweenlayers of
seaweed; hence, a picnic party, gathered on such anoccasion.
CLAMBER,To climb with difficulty, or with hands and feet; -- also
usedfiguratively.The narrow street that clambered toward the mill. Tennyson.
CLAMJAMPHRIE,Low, worthless people; the rabble. [Scot.] Jamieson.
CLAMMILY,In a clammy manner. "Oozing so clammily." Hood.
CLAMMINESS,State of being clammy or viscous.
CLAMMY,Having the quality of being viscous or adhesive; soft andsticky; glutinous;
damp and adhesive, as if covered with a coldperspiration.
CLAMOR,To utter loud sounds or outcries; to vociferate; to complain;to make
importunate demands.The obscure bird Clamored the livelong night. Shak.
CLAMORER,One who clamors.
CLAMOROUS,Speaking and repeating loud words; full of clamor; calling ordemanding
loudly or urgently; vociferous; noisy; bawling; loud;turbulent. "My young ones were
clamorous for a morning's excursion."Southey.-- Clam"or*ous*ly, adv.--
Clam"or*ous*ness, n.
CLAMP,A thick plank on the inner part of a ship's side, used tosustuan the ends of
beams.
CLAMPER,An instrument of iron, with sharp prongs, attached to a boot orshoe to
enable the wearer to walk securely upon ice; a creeper. Kane.
CLAN-NA-GAEL,A secret society of Irish Fenians founded in Philadelphia in1881.
CLANCULAR,Conducted with secrecy; clandestine; concealed. [Obs.]Not close and
clancular, but frank and open. Barrow.
CLANCULARLY,privately; secretly. [Obs.]
CLANDESTINE,Conducted with secrecy; withdrawn from public notice, usuallyfor an
evil purpose; kept secret; hidden; private; underhand; as, aclandestine marriage.
Locke.
CLANDESTINITY,Privacy or secrecy. [R.]
CLANG,To strike together so as to produce a ringing metallic sound.The fierce
Caretes . . . clanged their sounding arms. Prior.
CLANGOR,A sharp, harsh, ringing sound. Dryden.
CLANGOROUS,Making a clangor; having a ringing, metallic sound.
CLANGOUS,Making a clang, or a ringing metallic sound. [Obs.]
CLANJAMFRIE,Same as Clamjamphrie. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
CLANK,A sharp, brief, ringing sound, made by a collision of metallicor other
sonorous bodies; -- usually expressing a duller or lessresounding sound than clang,
and a deeper and stronger sound thanclink.But not in chains to pine, His spirit
withered with tyeur clank.Byron.
CLANKLESS,Without a clank. Byreon.
CLANNISH,Of or pertaining to a clan; closely united, like a clan;disposed to
associate only with one's clan or clique; actuated by thetraditions, prejudices,
habits, etc., of a clan.-- Clan"nish*ly, adv.-- Clan"nish*ness, n.
CLANSHIP,A state of being united togheter as in a clan; an associationunder a
chieftain.
CLANSMAN,One belonging to the same clan with another.
CLAP,The nether part of the beak of a hawk. Clap dish. See Clackdish, under Clack,
n.-- Clap net, a net for taking birds, made to close or clap together.
CLAPBOARD,To cover with clapboards; as, to clapboard the sides of ahouse. [U. S.]
Bartlett.
CLAPE,A bird; the flicker.
CLAPPER,A rabbit burrow. [Obs.]
CLAPS,Variant of Clasp [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLAPTRAP,Contrived for the purpose of making a show, or gainingapplause; deceptive;
unreal.
CLAQUE,A collection of persons employed to applaud at a theatricalexhibition.
CLAQUEUR,One of the claque employed to applaud at a theater.
CLARE,A nun of the order of St.Clare.
CLARE-OBSCURE,See Chiaroscuro.
CLARENCE,A close four-wheeled carriage, with one seat inside, and a seatfor the
driver.
CLARENDON,A style of type having a narrow and heave face. It is made inall sizes.
CLARET,The name firat given in England to the red wines of M
CLARIBELLA,A soft, sweet stop, or set of open wood pipes in an organ.
CLARICHORD,A musical instrument, formerly in use, in form of a spinet; --called
also manichord and clavichord.
CLARIGATE,To declare war with certain ceremonies. [Obs.] Holland.
CLARINET,A wind instrument, blown by a single reed, of richer and fullertone than
the oboe, which has a double reed. It is the leadinginstrument in a military band.
CLARINO,A reed stop in an organ.
CLARION,A kind of trumpet, whose note is clear and shrill.He sounds his imperial
clarion along the whole line of battle. E.Everett.
CLARIONET,See Clarinet.
CLARISONUS,Having a clear sound. [Obs.] Ash.
CLARITUDE,Clearness; splendor. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
CLARITY,Clearness; brightness; splendor.Floods, in whose more than crystal clarity,
Innumerable virgin gracesrow. Beaumont.
CLARO-OBSCURO,See Chiaroscuro.
CLARRE,Wine with a mixture of honey and species. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLART,To daub, smear, or spread, as with mud, etc. [Prov. Eng.]Halliwell.
CLARTY,Sticky and foul; muddy; filthy; dirty. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
CLARY,To make a loud or shrill noise. [Obs.] Golding.
CLASH GEAR,A change-speed gear in which the gears are changed by slidingendwise.
CLASH,To strike noisily against or together.
CLASHINGLY,With clashing.
CLASPERED,Furnished with tendrils.
CLASS DAY,In American colleges and universities, a day of thecommencement season on
which the senior class celebrates thecompletion of its course by exercises
conducted by the members, suchas the reading of the class histories and poem, the
delivery of theclass oration, the planting of the class ivy, etc.
CLASS,One of the sections into which a church or congregation isdivided, and which
is under the supervision of a class leader. Classof a curve (Math.), the kind of a
curve as expressed by the number oftangents that can be drawn from any point to the
curve. A circle isof the second class.-- Class meeting (Methodist Church), a
meeting of a class under thecharge of a class leader, for counsel and relegious
instruction.
CLASSIBLE,Capable of being classed.
CLASSICALIST,One who adheres to what he thinks the classical canons of art.Ruskin.
CLASSICISM,A classic idiom or expression; a classicalism. C. Kingsley.
CLASSICIST,One learned in the classics; an advocate for the classics.
CLASSIFIABLE,Capable of being classified.
CLASSIFIC,Characterizing a class or classes; relating to classification.
CLASSIFICATION,The act of forming into a class or classes; a distibution
intogroups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some commonrelations
or affinities. Artificial classification. (Science) Seeunder Artifitial.
CLASSIFICATORY,Pertaining to classification; admitting of classification.
"Aclassificatory system." Earle.
CLASSIFIER,One who classifies.
CLASSIFY,To distribute into classes; to arrange according to a system;to arrnge in
sets according to some method founded on commonproperties or characters.
CLASSIS,An ecclesiastical body or judicat
CLASSMATE,One who is in the same class with another, as at school orcollege.
CLASTIC,Fragmental; made up of brokas, sandstone is a clastic rock.
CLATCH,To daub or smear, as with lime; to make or finish in a slipshodway. [Scot.]
CLATHRATE,Shaped like a lattice; cancellate. Gray.
CLATTER,To make a rattling noise with.You clatter still your brazen kettle. Swift.
CLATTERER,One who clatters.
CLATTERINGLY,With clattering.
CLAUDE LORRAINE GLASS,A slightly convex mirror, commonly of black glass, used as
atoy for viewing the reflected landscape.
CLAUDENT,Shutting; confining; drawing together; as, a claudent muscle.[R.] Jonson
CLAUDICANT,Limping. [R.]
CLAUDICATION,A halting or limping. [R.] Tatler.
CLAUSE,A subordinate portion or a subdivision of a sentence containinga subject and
its predicate.
CLAUSTRAL,Cloistral. Ayliffe
CLAUSTRUM,A thin lamina of gray matter in each cerebral hemiphere of thebrain of
man.-- Claus"tral, a.
CLAUSULAR,Consisting of, or having, clauses. Smart.
CLAUSURE,The act of shutting up or confining; confinement. [R.] Geddes.
CLAVE,imp. of Cleave. [Obs.]
CLAVECIN,The harpsichord.
CLAVEL,See Clevis.
CLAVELLATE,See Clavate.
CLAVELLATED,Said of potash, probably in reference to its having beenobtained from
billets of wood by burning. [Obs.]
CLAVER,See Clover. Holland.
CLAVICHORD,A keyed stringed instrument, now superseded by the pianoforte.See
Clarichord.
CLAVICLE,The collar bone, which is joined at one end to the scapula, orshoulder
blade, and at the other to the sternum, or breastbone. Inman each clavicle is
shaped like the letter
CLAVICORN,Having club-shaped antennæ. See Antennæ -- n.
CLAVICORNES,A group of beetles having club-shaped antennæ.
CLAVICULAR,Of or pertaining to the clavicle.
CLAVIER,The keyboard of an organ, pianoforte, or harmonium.
CLAVIFORM,Club-shaped; clavate. Craig.
CLAVIGER,One who carries the keys of any place.
CLAVIGEROUS,Bearing a club or a key.
CLAVIS,A key; a glossary.
CLAVUS,A callous growth, esp. one the foot; a corn.
CLAVY,A mantelpiece.
CLAW,A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, as the baseof petals of
the pink. Gray. Claw hammer, a hammer with one end ofthe metallic head cleft for
use in extracting nails, etc.-- Claw hammer coat, a dress coat of the swallowtail
pattern.[Slang] -- Claw sickness, foot rot, a disease affecting sheep.
CLAWBACK,A flatterer or sycophant. [Obs.] "Take heed of theseclawbacks." Latimer.
CLAWED,Furnished with claws. N. Grew.
CLAWLESS,Destitute of claws.
CLAY,Earth in general, as representing the elementary particles ofthe human body;
hence, the human body as formed from such particles.I also am formed out of the
clay. Job xxxiii. 6.The earth is covered thick with other clay, Which her own clay
shallcover. Byron.Bowlder clay. See under Bowlder.-- Brick clay, the common clay,
containing some iron, and thereforeturning red when burned.-- Clay cold, cold as
clay or earth; lifeless; inanimate.-- Clay ironstone, an ore of iron consisting of
the oxide orcarbonate of iron mixed with clay or sand.-- Clay marl, a whitish,
smooth, chalky clay.-- Clay mill, a mill for mixing and tempering clay; a pug
mill.-- Clay pit, a pit where clay is dug.-- Clay slate (Min.), argillaceous
schist; argillite.-- Fatty clays, clays having a greasy feel; they are
chemicalcompounds of water, silica, and aluminia, as halloysite, bole, etc.-- Fire
clay , a variety of clay, entirely free from lime, iron, oran alkali, and therefore
infusible, and used for fire brick.-- Porcelain clay, a very pure variety, formed
directly from thedecomposition of feldspar, and often called kaolin.-- Potter's
clay, a tolerably pure kind, free from iron.
CLAY-BRAINED,Stupid. [Obs.] Shak.
CLAYES,Wattles, or hurdles, made with stakes interwoven with osiers,to cover
lodgments. [Obs.]
CLAYEY,Consisting of clay; abounding with clay; partaking of clay;like clay.
CLAYISH,Partaking of the nature of clay, or containing particles of it.
CLAYMORE,A large two-handed sword used formerly by the ScottishHighlanders.
CLAYTONIA,An American genus of perennial herbs with delicate blossoms; --sometimes
called spring beauty.
CLEAN,Free from ceremonial defilement.
CLEAN-CUT,See Clear-cut.
CLEAN-LIMBED,With well-proportioned, unblemished limbs; as, a clean-limbedyoung
fellow. Dickens.
CLEAN-TIMBERED,Well-propotioned; symmetrical. [Poetic] Shak.
CLEANER,One who, or that which, cleans.
CLEANLILY,In a cleanly manner.
CLEANLINESS,State of being cleanly; neatness of person or dress.Cleanliness from
head to heel. Swift.
CLEANSABLE,Capable of being cleansed. Sherwood.
CLEANSE,To render clean; to free from fith, pollution, infection,guilt, etc.; to
clean.If we walk in the light . . . the blood of Jesus Christ his soncleanseth us
from all sin. 1 John i. 7.Can'st thou not minister to a mind diseased, And with
some sweetoblivious antidote Cleanse the suffed bosom of that perilous stuffWhich
weighs upon the heart Shak.
CLEANSER,One who, or that which, cleanses; a detergent. Arbuthnot.
CLEAR,Full extent; distance between extreme limits; especially; thedistance between
the nearest surfaces of two bodies, or the spacebetween walls; as, a room ten feet
square in the clear.
CLEAR-HEADED,Having a clear understanding; quick of perception; intelligent."He was
laborious and clear-headed." Macaulay.-- Clear"-head`ed*ness, n.
CLEAR-SEEING,Having a clear physical or mental vision; having a clearunderstanding.
CLEAR-SHINING,Shining brightly. Shak.
CLEAR-SIGHTED,Seeing with clearness; discerning; as, clear-sighted reason
CLEAR-SIGHTEDNESS,Acute discernment.
CLEARAGE,The act of reforming anything; clearance. [R.]
CLEARANCE,The distance by which one object clears another, as thedistance between
the piston and cylinder head at the end of a strokein a steam engine, or the least
distance between the point of acogwell tooth and the bottom of a space between
teeth of a wheel withwhich it engages. Clearance space (Steam engine), the space
inclosedin one end of the cylinder, between the valve or valves and thepiston, at
the beginning of a stroke; waste room. It includes thespace caused by the piston's
clearance and the space in ports,passageways, etc. Its volume is often expressed as
a certainproportion of the volume swept by the piston in a single stroke.
CLEARCOLE,A priming of size mixed with whiting or white lead, used inhouse
painting, etc.; also, a size upon which gold leaf is applied ingilding.
CLEAREDNESS,The quality of being cleared.Imputed by his friends to the clearedness,
by his foes to thesearedness, of his conscience. T. Fuller.
CLEARER,A tool of which the hemp for lines and twines, used bysailmakers, is
finished.
CLEARLY,In a clear manner.
CLEARNESS,The quality or state of being clear.
CLEARSTARCH,To stiffen with starch, and then make clear by clapping withthe hands;
as, to clearstarch muslin.
CLEARSTARCHER,One who clearstarches.
CLEARWING,A lepidop terous insect with partially transparent wings, ofthe family
Ægeriadæ, of which the currant and peach-tree borers areexamples.
CLEAT,A strip of wood or iron fastened on transversely to somethingin order to give
strength, prevent warping, hold position, etc.
CLEAVABLE,Capable of cleaving or being divided.
CLEAVAGE,The quality possessed by many crystallized substances ofsplitting readily
in one or more definite directions, in which thecohesive attraction is a minimum,
affording more or less smoothsurfaces; the direction of the dividing plane; a
fragment obtained bycleaving, as of a diamond. See Parting.
CLEAVE,To part; to open; to crack; to separate; as parts of bodies;as, the ground
cleaves by frost.The Mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst. Zech. xiv. 4.
CLEAVELANDITE,A variety of albite, white and lamellar in structure.
CLEAVER,One who cleaves, or that which cleaves; especially, a butcher'sinstrument
for cutting animal bodies into joints or pieces.
CLEAVERS,A species of Galium (G. Aparine), having a fruit set withhooked bristles,
which adhere to whatever they come in contact with;-- called also, goose grass,
catchweed, etc.
CLECHE,Charged with another bearing of the same figure, and of thecolor of the
field, so large that only a narrow border of the firstbearing remains visible; --
said of any heraldic bearing. CompareVoided.
CLECHY,See Cléché.
CLEDGE,The upper stratum of fuller's earth.
CLEDGY,Stiff, stubborn, clayey, or tenacious; as, a cledgy soil.Halliwell.
CLEE,A claw. [Holland.
CLEEK,To seize; clutch; snatch; catch; pluck.
CLEF,A character used in musical notation to determine the positionand pitch of the
scale as represented on the staff.
CLEFT,from Cleave.
CLEFT-FOOTED,Having a cloven foot.
CLEFTGRAFT,To ingraft by cleaving the stock and inserting a scion.Mortimer.
CLEG,A small breeze or horsefly. [North of Eng. & Scot.] Jamieson.
CLEM,To starve; to famish. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CLEMATIS,A genus of flowering plants, of many species, mostly climbers,having
feathery styles, which greatly enlarge in the fruit; -- calledalso virgin's bower.
CLEMENCE,Clemency. [Obs.] Spenser.
CLEMENT,Mild in temper and disposition; merciful; compassionate. Shak.--
Clem"ent*ly, adv.
CLEMENTINE,Of or pertaining to Clement, esp. to St.Clement of Rome and thespurious
homilies attributed to him, or to Pope Clement V. and hiscompilations of canon law.
CLENCH,See Clinch.
CLEPE,To call, or name. [Obs.]That other son was cleped Cambalo. Chaucer.
CLEPSINE,A genus of freshwater leeches, furnished with a proboscis. Theyfeed upon
mollusks and worms.
CLEPSYDRA,A water clock; a contrivance for measuring time by thegraduated flow of a
liquid, as of water, through a small aperture.See Illust. in Appendix.
CLEPTOMANIA,See Kleptomania.
CLERESTORY,Same as Clearstory.
CLERGEON,A chorister boy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLERGIAL,Learned; erudite; clercial. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLERGICAL,Of or pertaining to the clergy; clerical; clerkily; learned.[Obs.]
Milton.
CLERGYABLE,Entitled to, or admitting, the benefit of clergy; as, aclergyable
felony. Blackstone.
CLERGYMAN,An ordained minister; a man regularly authorized to peach thegospel, and
administer its ordinances; in England usually restrictedto a minister of the
Established Church.
CLERIC,A clerk, a clergyman. [R.] Bp. Horsley.
CLERICALISM,An excessive devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order;undue
influence of the clergy; sacerdotalism.
CLERICITY,The state of being a clergyman.
CLERK-ALE,A feast for the benefit of the parish clerk. [Eng.] T. Warton.
CLERKLESS,Unlearned. [Obs.] E. Waterhouse.
CLERKLIKE,Scholarlike. [Obs.] Shak.
CLERKLINESS,Scholarship. [Obs.]
CLERKLY,Of or pertaining to a clerk. Cranmer.
CLERKSHIP,State, quality, or business of a clerk.
CLEROMANCY,A divination by throwing dice or casting lots.
CLERONOMY,Inheritance; heritage.
CLERSTORY,See Clearstory.
CLEVERISH,Somewhat clever. [R.]
CLEVERLY,In a clever manner.Never was man so clever absurd. C. Smart.
CLEVERNESS,The quality of being clever; skill; dexterity; adroitness.
CLEVIS,A piece of metal bent in the form of an oxbow, with the twoends perforated
to receive a pin, used on the end of the tongue of aplow, wagen, etc., to attach it
to a draft chain, whiffletree, etc.;-- called also clavel, clevy.
CLEW,To move of draw (a sail or yard) by means of the clew garnets,clew lines,
etc.; esp. to draw up the clews of a square sail to theyard. To clew down (Naut.),
to force (a yard) down by hauling on theclew lines.-- To clew up (Naut.), to draw
(a sail) up to the yard, as forfurling.
CLICHE,A stereotype plate or any similar reproduction of ornament, orlettering, in
relief. Cliché casting, a mode of obtaining animpression from a die or woodcut, or
the like, by striking itsuddenly upon metal which has been fused and is just
becoming solid;also, the casting so obtained.
CLICK BEETLE,See Elater.
CLICK,To make a slight, sharp noise (or a succession of such noises),as by gentle
striking; to tick.The varnished clock that clicked behind the door. Goldsmith.
CLICKER,One who as has charge of the work of a companionship.
CLICKY,Resembling a click; abounding in clicks. "Their strange clickylanguage." The
Century.
CLIDASTES,A genus of exinct marine reptiles, allied to the Mosasaurus.See Illust.
in Appendix.
CLIENCY,State of being a client.
CLIENT,A citizen who put himself under the protection of a man ofdistinction and
influence, who was called his patron.
CLIENTAL,Of or pertaining to a client.A dependent and cliental relation. Burke.I
sat down in the cliental chair. Dickens.
CLIENTED,Supplied with clients. [R.]The least cliented pettifiggers. R. Carew.
CLIENTELAGE,See Clientele, n., 2.
CLIENTSHIP,Condition of a client; state of being under the protection of apatron.
Dryden.
CLIFF LIMESTONE,A series of limestone strata found in Ohio and farther
west,presenting bluffs along the rivers and valleys, formerly supposed tobe of one
formation, but now known to be partly Silurian and partlyDevonian.
CLIFF,A high, steep rock; a precipice. Cliff swallow (Zoöl.), a NorthAmerican
swallow (Petrochelidon lunifrons), which builds its nestagainst cliffs; the eaves
swallow.
CLIFFY,Having cliffs; broken; craggy.
CLIFT,A cliff. [Obs.]That gainst the craggy clifts did loudly roar. Spenser.
CLIFTED,Broken; fissured.Climb the Andeclifted side. Grainger.
CLIMACTER,See Climacteric, n.
CLIMACTERIC,Relating to a climacteric; critical.
CLIMACTERICAL,See Climacteric. Evelyn.
CLIMACTIC,Of or pertaining to a climax; forming, or of the nature of, aclimax, or
ascending series.
CLIMATAL,Climatic. Dunglison.
CLIMATARCHIC,Presiding over, or regulating, climates.
CLIMATE,One of thirty regions or zones, parallel to the equator, intowhich the
surface of the earth from the equator to the pole wasdivided, according to the
successive increase of the length of themidsummer day.
CLIMATIC,Of or pertaining to a climate; depending on, or limited by, aclimate.
CLIMATICAL,Climatic.
CLIMATIZE,To acclimate or become acclimated.
CLIMATOGRAPHY,A description of climates.
CLIMATOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to climatology.
CLIMATOLOGIST,One versed in, or who studies, climatology.
CLIMATOLOGY,The science which treats of climates and investigates theirphenomena
and causes. Brande & C.
CLIMATURE,A climate. [Obs.] Shak.
CLIMAX,A figure of which the parts of a sentence or paragraph are soarranged that
each sicceeding one rise"Tribulation worketh patience, patience experience, and
experiencehope" -- a happy climax. J. D. Forbes.
CLIMB,To ascend or creep upward by twining about a support, or byattaching itself
by tendrills, rootlets, etc., to a support orupright surface.
CLIMBABLE,Capable of being climbed.
CLIMBER,One who, or that which, climbs:(a) (Bot.) A plant that climbs.(b) (Zoöl.) A
bird that climbs, as a woodpecker or a parrot.
CLIMBING,p. pr. & vb. n. of Climb. Climbing fern. See under Fern.-- Climbing perch.
(Zoöl.) See Anabas, and Labyrinthici.
CLIME,A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate.Turn we to sutvey,
Where rougher climes a nobler race display.Goldsmith.
CLINANTHIUM,The receptacle of the flowers in a composite plant; -- alsocalled
clinium.
CLINCH,To hold fast; to grasp something firmly; to seize or grasp oneanother.
CLINCHER-BUILT,See Clinker-built.
CLING,To adhere closely; to stick; to hold fast, especially bytwining round or
embracing; as, the tendril of a vine clings to itssupport; -- usually followed by
to or together.And what hath life for thee That thou shouldst cling to it thus
Mrs.Hemans.
CLINGSTONE,Having the flesh attached closely to the stone, as in somekinds of
peaches.-- n.
CLINGY,Apt to cling; adhesive. [R.]
CLINIC,One who receives baptism on a sick bed. [Obs.] Hook.
CLINICALLY,In a clinical manner.
CLINIQUE,A clinic.
CLINIUM,See Clinanthium.
CLINK,To cause to give out a slight, sharp, tinkling, sound, as bystriking metallic
or other sonorous bodies together.And let me the canakin clink. Shak.
CLINKANT,See Clnquant.
CLINKER-BUILT,Having the side planks (af a boat) so arranged that the loweredge of
each overlaps the upper edge of the plank next below it likeclapboards on a house.
See Lapstreak.
CLINKSTONE,An igneous rock of feldspathic composition, lamellar instructure, and
clinking under the hammer. See Phonolite.
CLINODIAGONAL,That diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal whichmakes an
oblique angle witch the vertical axis. See Crystallization.-- a.
CLINODOME,See under Dome.
CLINOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to that mode of projection in drawing in which therays of
light are supposed to fall obliquely on the plane ofprojection.
CLINOID,Like a bed; -- applied to several processes on the inner sideof the
sphenoid bone.
CLINOMETER,An instrument for determining the dip of beds or strata, pr theslope of
an embankment or cutting; a kind of plumb level. Dana.
CLINOMETRY,That art or operation of measuring the inclination of strata.
CLINOPINACOID,The plane in crystals of the monoclinic system which isparallel to
the vertical and the inclined lateral (clinidiagonal)axes.
CLINORHOMBIC,Possessing the qualities of a prism, obliquely inclined to arhombic
base; monoclinic.
CLINOSTAT,An apparatus consisting of a slowly revolving disk, usuallyregulated by
clockwork, by means of wich the action of externalagents, as light and gravity, on
growing plants may be regulated oreliminated.
CLINQUANT,Glittering; dressed in, or overlaid with, tinsel finery. [Obs.]Shak.
CLIO,The Muse who presided over history.
CLIONE,A genus of naked pteropods. One species (Clione papilonacea),abundant in the
Arctic Ocean, constitutes a part of the food of theGreenland whale. It is sometimes
incorrectly called Clio.
CLIP,To move swiftly; -- usually with indefinite it.Straight flies as chek, and
clips it down the wind. Dryden.
CLIPPER,A vessel with a sharp bow, built and rigged for fast sailing.-- Clip"per-
built` (, a.
CLIQUE,A narrow circle of persons associated by common interests orfor the
accomplishment of a common purpose; -- generally used in abad sense.
CLIQUISH,Of or pertaining to a clique; disposed to from cliques;exclusive in
spirit.-- Cli"*quish*ness, n.
CLIQUISM,The tendency to associate in cliques; the spirit of cliques.
CLITELLUS,A thickened glandular portion of the body of the adultearthworm,
consisting of several united segments modified forreproductive purposes.
CLITORIS,A small organ at the upper part of the vulva, homologous to thepenis in
the male.
CLIVERS,See Cleavers.
CLIVITY,Inclination; ascent or descent; a gradient. [R.]
CLOACA,The common chamber into which the intestinal, urinary, andgenerative canals
discharge in birds, reptiles, amphibians, and manyfishes.
CLOACAL,Of or pertaining to a cloaca.
CLOAK,To cover with, or as with, a cloak; hence, to hide or conceal.Now glooming
sadly, so to cloak her matter. Spenser.
CLOAKEDLY,In a concealed manner.
CLOAKROOM,A room, attached to any place of public resort, where cloaks,overcoats,
etc., may be deposited for a time.
CLOCHE,An apparatus used in controlling certain kinds of aëroplanes,and consisting
principally of a steering column mounted with auniversal joint at the base, which
is bellshaped and has attached toit the cables for controlling the wing-warping
devices, elevatorplanes, and the like.
CLOCK,To ornament with figured work, as the side of a stocking.
CLOCKLIKE,Like a clock or like clockwork; mechanical.Their services are clocklike,
to be set Blackward and vorward attheir lord's command. B. Jonson.
CLOCKWISE,Like the motion of the hands of a clock; -- said of thatdirection of a
rotation about an axis, or about a point in a plane,which is ordinarily reckoned
negative.
CLOCKWORK,The machinery of a clock, or machinary resembling that of aclock;
machinery which produced regularity of movement.
CLOD,To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; toclot; as, clodded
gore. See Clot.Clodded in lumps of clay. G. Fletcher.
CLODDISH,Resembling clods; gross; low; stupid; boorish. Hawthorne.--
Clod"dish*ness, n.
CLODDY,Consisting of clods; full of clods.
CLODHOPPER,A rude, rustic fellow.
CLODHOPPING,Boorish; rude. C. Bronté.
CLODPATE,A blockhead; a dolt.
CLODPATED,Stupid; dull; doltish.
CLODPOLL,A stupid fellow; a dolt. [Written also clodpole.] Shak.
CLOFF,Formerly an allowance of two pounds in every three hundredweight after the
tare and tret are subtracted; now used only in ageneral sense, of small deductions
from the original weight. [Writtenalso clough.] McCulloch.
CLOGGINESS,The state of being clogged.
CLOGGING,Anything which clogs. Dr. H. More.
CLOGGY,Clogging, or having power to clog.
CLOISONNE,Inlaid between partitions: -- said of enamel when the lineswhich divide
the different patches of fields are composed of a kindof metal wire secured to the
ground; as distinguished from champlevéenamel, in which the ground is engraved or
scooped out to receive theenamel. S. Wells Williams.
CLOISTER,To confine in, or as in, a cloister; to seclude from the world;to
immure.None among them are throught worthy to be styled religious personsbut those
that cloister themselves up in a monastery. Sharp.
CLOISTERAL,Cloistral. [Obs.] I. Walton.
CLOISTERER,One belonging to, or living in, a cloister; a recluse.
CLOISTRAL,Of, pertaining to, or confined in, a cloister; recluse.[Written also
cloisteral.]Best become a cloistral exercise. Daniel.
CLOISTRESS,A nun. [R.] Shak.
CLOKE,See Cloak. [Obs.]
CLOMP,See Clamp.
CLONG,imp. of Cling. [Obs.]
CLONIC,Having an irregular, convulsive motion. Dunglison. Clonicspasm. (Med.) See
under Spasm.
CLONUS,A series of muscular contractions due to sudden stretching ofthe muscle, --
a sign of certain neuropathies.
CLOOM,To close with glutinous matter. [Obs.] Mortimer.
CLOOP,The sound made when a cork is forcibly drawn from a bottle."The cloop of a
cork wrenched from a bottle." Thackeray.
CLOOTIE,A little hoof.
CLOSE,The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, eventhough it is not
inclosed. Bouvier.
CLOSE-BANDED,Closely united.
CLOSE-BARRED,Firmly barred or closed.
CLOSE-BODIED,Fitting the body exactly; setting close, as a garment. Ayliffe.
CLOSE-FIGHTS,Barriers with loopholes, formerly erected on the deck of avessel to
shelter the men in a close engagement with an enemy'sboarders; -- called also close
quarters. [Obs.]
CLOSE-STOOL,A utensil to hold a chamber vessel, for the use of the sick andinfirm.
It is usually in the form of a box, with a seat and tightcover.
CLOSE-TONGUED,Closemouthed; silent. "Close-tongued treason." Shak.
CLOSEFISTED,Covetous; niggardly. Bp. Berkeley. "Closefisted contractors."Hawthorne.
CLOSEHANDED,Covetous; penurious; stingy; closefisted.-- Close"hand`ed*ness, n.
CLOSEHAULED,Under way and moving as nearly as possible toward the directionfrom
which the wind blows; -- said of a sailing vessel.
CLOSEMOUTHED,Cautious in speaking; secret; wary; uncommunicative.
CLOSEN,To make close. [R.]
CLOSENESS,The state of being close.Half stifled by the closeness of the room.
Swift.We rise not against the piercing judgment of Augustus, nor theextreme caution
or closeness of Tiberius. Bacon.An affectation of closeness and covetousness.
Addison.
CLOSER,The last stone in a horizontal course, if of a less size thanthe others, or
a piece of brick finishing a course. Gwilt.
CLOSEREEFED,Having all the reefs taken in; -- said of a sail.
CLOSH,A disease in the feet of cattle; laminitis. Crabb.
CLOSURE,A method of putting an end to debate and securing an immediatevote upon a
measure before a legislative body. It is similar ineffect to the previous question.
It was first introduced into theBritish House of Commons in 1882. The French word
clôture wasoriginally applied to this proceeding.
CLOT,A concretion or coagulation; esp. a soft, slimy, coagulatedmass, as of blood;
a coagulum. "Clots of pory gore." Addison.Doth bake the egg into clots as if it
began to poach. Bacon.
CLOTE,The common burdock; the clotbur. [Obs.] Wyclif.
CLOTHE,To wear clothes. [Poetic]Care no more to clothe eat. Shak.
CLOTHESHORSE,A frame to hang clothes on.
CLOTHESLINE,A rope or wire on which clothes are hung to dry.
CLOTHESPIN,A forked piece of wood, or a small spring clamp, used forfastening
clothes on a line.
CLOTHESPRESS,A receptacle for clothes.
CLOTHING,See Card clothing, under 3d Card.
CLOTHRED,Clottered. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLOTPOLL,See Clodpoll. [Obs.] Shak.
CLOTTED,Composed of clots or clods; having the quality or form of aclot; sticky;
slimy; foul. "The clotted glebe." J. Philips.When lust . . . Lets in defilement to
the inward parts, The soulgrows clotted by contagion. Milton.
CLOTTER,To concrete into lumps; to clot. [Obs.] "Clottered blood."Chapman.
CLOTTY,Full of clots, or clods. "Clotty matter." Harvey.
CLOTURE,See Closure, 5.
CLOTWEED,Cocklebur.
CLOUD,To grow cloudy; to become obscure with clouds; -- often usedwith up.Worthies,
away! The scene begins to cloud. Shak.
CLOUD-BUILT,Built of, or in, the clouds; airy; unsubstantial; imaginary.Cowper.So
vanished my cloud-built palace. Goldsmith.
CLOUD-BURST,A sudden copious rainfall, as the whole cloud had beenprecipitated at
once.
CLOUD-CAPPED,Having clouds resting on the top or head; reaching to theclouds; as,
cloud-capped mountains.
CLOUD-COMPELLER,Cloud-gatherer; -- an epithet applied to Zeus. [Poetic.] Pope.
CLOUDAGE,Mass of clouds; cloudiness. [R.]A scudding cloudage of shapes. Coleridge.
CLOUDBERRY,A species of raspberry (Rubus Chamæmerous) growing in thenorthern
regions, and bearing edible, amber-colored fruit.
CLOUDILY,In a cloudy manner; darkly; obscurely. Dryden.
CLOUDINESS,The state of being cloudy.
CLOUDLAND,Dreamland.
CLOUDLESS,Without a cloud; clear; bright.A cloudless winter sky. Bankroft.--
Cloud"less*ly, adv.-- Cloud"less*ness, n.
CLOUDLET,A little cloud. R. Browning.Eve's first star through fleecy cloudlet
peeping. Coleridge.
CLOUGH,An allowance in weighing. See Cloff.
CLOUTERLY,Clumsy; awkward. [Obs.]Rough-hewn, cloutery verses. E. Phillips.
CLOVE,imp. of Cleave. Cleft. Spenser. Clove hitch (Naut.) See underHitch.-- Clove
hook (Naut.), an iron two-part hook, with jaws overlapping,used in bending chain
sheets to the clews of sails; -- called alsoclip hook. Knight.
CLOVEN,from Cleave, v. t. To show the cloven foot or hoof, to reveal adevilish
character, or betray an evil purpose, notwithstandingdisguises, -- Satan being
represented dramatically and symbolicallyas having cloven hoofs.
CLOVER,A plant of differend species of the genus Trifolium; as thecommon red
clover, T. pratense, the white, T. repens, and the hare'sfoot, T. arvense. Clover
weevil (Zoöl.) a small weevil (Apionapricans), that destroys the seeds of clover.--
Clover worm (Zoöl.), the larva of a small moth (Asopia costalis),often very
destructive to clover hay.-- In clover, in very pleasant circumstances; fortunate.
[Colloq.] -- Sweet clover. See Meliot.
CLOVERED,Covered with growing clover.Flocks thick nibbling through the clovered
vale. Thomson.
CLOWE-GILOFRE,Spice clove. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLOWN,To act as a clown; -- with it [Obs.]Beclowns it properly indeed. B. Jonson.
CLOWNAGE,Behavior or manners of a clown; clownery. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CLOWNERY,Clownishness. L'Estrange.
CLOWNISH,Of or resembling a clown, or characteristic of a clown;ungainly; awkward.
"Clownish hands." Spenser. "Clownish mimic."Prior.-- Clown"ish*ly, adv.
CLOWNISHNESS,The manners of a clown; coarseness or rudeness of behavior.That
plainness which the alamode people call clownishness. Locke.
CLOYLESS,That does not cloy. Shak.
CLOYMENT,Satiety. [Obs.] Shak.
CLUB,Any card of the suit of cards having a figure like the trefoilor clover leaf.
(pl.) The suit of cards having such figure.
CLUB-RUSH,A rushlike plant, the reed mace or cat-tail, or some species ofthe genus
Scirpus. See Bulrush.
CLUB-SHAPED,Enlarged gradually at the end, as the antennæ of certaininsects.
CLUBBABLE,Suitable for membership in a club; sociable. [Humorous.] G. W.Curtis.
CLUBBED,Shaped like a club; grasped like, or used as, a club. Skelton.
CLUBBIST,A member of a club; a frequenter of clubs. [R.] Burke.
CLUBFISTED,Having a large fist. Howell.
CLUBFOOT,A short, variously distorted foot; also, the deformity, usuallycongenital,
which such a foot exhibits; talipes.
CLUBFOOTED,Having a clubfoot.
CLUBHAND,A short, distorted hand; also, the deformity of having such ahand.
CLUBHAUL,To put on the other tack by dropping the lee anchor as soon asthe wind is
out of the sails (which brings the vessel's head to thewind), and by cutting the
cable as soon as she pays off on the othertack. Clubhauling is attempted only in an
exigency.
CLUBHOUSE,A house occupied by a club.
CLUBROOM,The apartment in which a club meets. Addison.
CLUCK,To make the noise, or utter the call, of a brooding hen. Ray.
CLUCKING,The noise or call of a brooding hen.
CLUE,A ball of thread; a thread or other means of guidance. Same asClew.You have
wound a goodly clue. Shak.This clue once found unravels all the rest. Pope.Serve as
clues to guide us into further knowledge. Locke.
CLUM,Silence; hush. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CLUMBER,A kind of field spaniel, with short legs and stout body, which,unlike other
spaniels, hunts silently.
CLUMP,To arrange in a clump or clumps; to cluster; to group.Blackmore.
CLUMPER,To form into clumps or masses. [Obs.]Vapors . . . clumpered in balls of
clouds. Dr. H. More.
CLUMPS,A game in which questions are asked for the purpose of enablingthe
questioners to discover a word or thing previously selected bytwo persons who
answer the questions; -- so called because theplayers take sides in two "clumps" or
groups, the "clump" whichguesses the word winning the game.
CLUMPY,Composed of clumps; massive; shapeless. Leigh Hunt.
CLUMSILY,In a clumsy manner; awkwardly; as, to walk clumsily.
CLUMSINESS,The quality of being clusy.The drudging part of life is chiefly owing to
clumsiness andignorance. Collier.
CLUNCH,.
CLUNG,imp. & p. p. of Cling.
CLUNIAC,A monk of the reformed branch of the Benedictine Order, foundedin 912 at
Cluny (or Clugny) in France.-- Also used as a.
CLUNIACENSIAN,Cluniac.
CLUPEOID,Of or pertaining to the Herring family.
CLUSTER,To grow in clusters or assemble in groups; to gather or unitein a cluster
or clusters.His sunny hair Cluster'd about his temples, like a god's. Tennyson.The
princes of the country clustering together. Foxe.
CLUSTERINGLY,In clusters.
CLUSTERY,Growing in, or full of, clusters; like clusters. Johnson.
CLUTCH,The hands, claws, or talons, in the act of grasping firmly; --often
figuratively, for power, rapacity, or cruelty; as, to fall intothe clutches of an
adversary.I must have . . . little care of myself, if I ever more come near
theclutches of such a giant. Bp. Stillingfleet.
CLUTTER,To crowd together in disorder; to fill or cover with things indisorder; to
throw into disorder; to disarrange; as, to clutter aroom.
CLYDESDALE TERRIER,One of a breed of small silky-haired terriers related to,
butsmaller than, the Skye terrier, having smaller and perfectly erectears.
CLYDESDALE,One of a breed of heavy draft horses originally fromClydesdale,
Scotland. They are about sixteen hands high and usuallybrown or bay.
CLYPEASTROID,Like or related to the genus Clupeaster; -- applied to a groupof
flattened sea urchins, with a rosette of pores on the upper side.
CLYPEATE,Shaped like a round buckler or shield; scutate.
CLYPEIFORM,Shield-shaped; clypeate.
CLYPEUS,The frontal plate of the head of an insect.
CLYSMIAN,Connected with, or related to, the deluge, or to a cataclysm;as, clysmian
changes. Smart.
CLYSMIC,Washing; cleansing.
CLYSTER,A liquid injected into the lower intestines by means of asyringe; an
injection; an enema. Clyster pipe, a tube or pipe usedfor injections.
CLYTIE KNOT,In hair dressing, a loose, low coil at the back of the head,like the
knot on the head of the bust of Clytie by G. F. Watts.
CNEMIAL,Pertaining to the shin bone. Cnemial crest, a crestlikeprominence on the
proximal end of the tibia of birds and somereptiles.
CNIDA,One of the peculiar stinging, cells found in Coelenterata; anematocyst; a
lasso cell.
CNIDARIA,A comprehensive group equivalent to the true Coelenterata,i.e., exclusive
of the sponges. They are so named from presence ofstinging cells (cnidae) in the
tissues. See Coelenterata.
CNIDOBLAST,One of the cells which, in the Coelenterata, develop intocnidæ.
CNIDOCIL,The fine filiform process of a cnidoblast.
CO-,A form of the prefix com-, signifying with, together, inconjunction, joint. It
is used before vowels and some consonants. SeeCom-.
CO-ALLY,A joint ally. Kent.
CO-ASSESSOR,A joint assessor.
CO-LEGATEE,A joint legatee.
CO-LESSEE,A partner in a lease taen.
CO-LESSOR,A partner in giving a lease.
CO-MATE,A companion. Shak.
CO-MEDDLE,To mix; to mingle, to temper. [Obs.] Shak.
CO-REGENT,A joint regent or ruler.
CO-RELATION,Corresponding relation.
CO-RELIGIONIST,One of the same religion with another.
CO-RESPONDENT,One who is called upon to answer a summons or other proceedingjointly
with another.
CO-SUFFERER,One who suffers with another. Wycherley.
CO-UNE,To combine or unite. [Obs.] "Co-uned together." Feltham.
CO-UNITE,To unite. [Obs.]
COACERVATE,Raised into a pile; collected into a crowd; heaped. [R.] Bacon.
COACERVATION,A heaping together. [R.] Bacon.
COACH,A cabin on the after part of the quarterdeck, usually occupiedby the captain.
[Written also couch.] [Obs.]The commanders came on board and the council sat in the
coach. Pepys.
COACHBOX,The seat of a coachman.
COACHDOG,One of a breed of dogs trained to accompany carriages; theDalmatian dog.
COACHEE,A coachman [Slang]
COACHER,one of the side at the bat posted near first or third base todirect a base
runner.
COACHFELLOW,One of a pair of horses employed to draw a coach; hence (Fig.),a
comrade. Shak.
COACHMAN,A tropical fish of the Atlantic ocean (Dutes auriga); -- calledalso
charioteer. The name refers to a long, lashlike spine of thedorsal fin.
COACHMANSHIP,Skill in driving a coach.
COACHWHIP SNAKE,A large, slender, harmless snake of the southern United
States(Masticophis flagelliformis).
COACT,To force; to compel; to drive. [Obs.]The faith and service of Christ ought to
be voluntary and notcoacted. Foxe.
COACTION,Force; compulsion, either in restraining or impelling. Sojth.
COACTIVELY,In a coactive manner.
COACTIVITY,Unity of action.
COADAPTATION,Mutual adaption. R. Owen.
COADAPTED,Adapted one to another; as, coadapted pulp and tooth. R. Owen.
COADJUMENT,Mutual help; coöperation. [R.] Johnson.
COADJUST,To adjust by mutual adaptations. R. Owen.
COADJUSTMENT,Mutual adjustment.
COADJUTANT,Mutually assisting or operating; helping. J. Philips.
COADJUTING,Mutually assisting. [Obs.] Drayton.
COADJUTIVE,Rendering mutual aid; coadjutant. Feltham.
COADJUTOR,The assistant of a bishop or of a priest holding a benefice.
COADJUTORSHIP,The state or office of a coadjutor; joint assistance. Pope.
COADJUVANCY,Joint help; coöperation. Sir T. Browne.
COADJUVANT,Coöperating.
COADUNATE,United at the base, as contiguous lobes of a leaf.
COADUNATION,Union, as in one body or mass; unity. Jer. Taylor.The coadunation of
all the civilized provinces. Coleridge.
COADUNITION,Coadunation. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
COADVENTURE,An adventure in which two or more persons are partakers.
COADVENTURER,A fellow adventurer.
COAFFOREST,To convert into, or add to, a forest. Howell.
COAG,See Coak, a kind of tenon.
COAGENCY,Agency in common; joint agency or agent. Coleridge.
COAGENT,An associate in an act; a coworker. Drayton.
COAGMENT,To join together. [Obs.] Glanvill.
COAGMENTATION,The act of joining, or the state of being joined, together;union.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
COAGULABILITY,The quality of being coagulable; capacity of being coagulated.Ure.
COAGULABLE,Capable of being coagulated. Boyle.
COAGULANT,That which produces coagulation.
COAGULATE,Coagulated. [Obs.] Shak.
COAGULATED,Changed into, or contained in, a coagulum or a curdlike mass;curdled.
Coagulated proteid (Physiol. Chem.), one of a class ofbodies formed in the
coagulation of a albuminous substance by heat,acids, or other agents.
COAGULATIVE,Having the power to cause coagulation; as, a coagulative agent.Boyle.
COAGULATOR,That which causes coagulation. Hixley.
COAGULATORY,Serving to coagulate; produced by coagulation; as, coagulatoryeffects.
Boyle.
COAGULUM,The thick, curdy precipitate formed by the coagulation ofalbuminous
matter; any mass of coagulated matter, as a clot of bloot.
COAITA,The native name of certain South American monkeys of the genusAteles, esp.
A. paniscus. The black-faced coaita is Ateles ater. SeeIllustration in Appendix.
COAK,See Coke, n.
COAL TAR,A thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by the distillation ofbituminous
coal in the manufacture of illuminating gas; used formaking printer's ink, black
varnish, etc. It is a complex mixturefrom which many substances have been obtained,
especiallyhydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series.
COAL WORKS,A place where coal is dug, including the machinery for raisingthe coal.
COAL,A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dugfrom beds or
veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting,like charcoal, mainly of
carbon, but more compact, and oftenaffording, when heated, a large amount of
volatile matter.
COAL-BLACK,As black as coal; jet black; very black. Dryden.
COAL-METER,A licensed or official coal measurer in London. See Meter.Simmonds.
COAL-WHIPPER,One who raises coal out of the hold of a ship. [Eng.] Dickens.
COALERY,See Colliery.
COALESCENCE,The act or state of growing together, as similar parts; the actof
uniting by natural affinity or attraction; the state of beingunited; union;
concretion.
COALESCENT,Growing together; cohering, as in the organic cohesion ofsimilar parts;
uniting.
COALGOOSE,The cormorant; -- so called from its black color.
COALITE,To unite or coalesce. [Obs.]Let them continue to coalite. Bolingbroke.
COALITIONER,A coalitionist.
COALITIONIST,One who joins or promotes a coalition; one who advocatescoalition.
COALMOUSE,A small species of titmouse, with a black head; the coletit.
COALSACK,Any one of the spaces in the Milky Way which are very black,owing to the
nearly complete absence of stars; esp., the large spacenear the Southern Cross
sometimes called the Black Magellanic Cloud.
COALY,Pertaining to, or resembling, coal; containing coal; of thenature of coal.
COAMINGS,Raised pieces of wood of iron around a hatchway, skylight, orother opening
in the deck, to prevent water from running bellow; esp.the fore-and-aft pieces of a
hatchway frame as distinguished from thetransverse head ledges. [Written also
combings.]
COANNEX,To annex with something else.
COAPTATION,The adaptation or adjustment of parts to each other, as of abroken bone
or dislocated joint.
COARCTATE,Pressed together; closely connected; -- applied to insectshaving the
abdomen separated from the thorax only by a constriction.Coarctate pupa (Zoöl.), a
pupa closely covered by the old larvalskin, as in most Diptera.
COARCTATION,A stricture or narrowing, as of a canal, cavity, or orifice.
COARSE-GRAINED,Having a coarse grain or texture, as wood; hence, wanting
inrefinement.
COARSELY,In a coarse manner; roughly; rudely; inelegantly; uncivilly;meanly.
COARSEN,To make coarse or vulgar; as, to coarsen one's character. [R.]Graham.
COARSENESS,The quality or state of being coarse; roughness; melegance;vulgarity;
grossness; as, coarseness of food, texture, manners, orlanguage. "The coarseness of
the sackcloth." Dr. H. More.Pardon the coarseness of the illustration. L'Estrange.A
coarseness and vulgarity in all the proceedings. Burke.
COARTICULATION,The unoin or articulation of bones to form a joint.
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY,A bureau of the United States government charged with
thetopographic and hydrographic survey of the coast and the execution ofbelts of
primary triangulation and lines of precise leveling in theinterior. It now belongs
to the Department of Commerce and Labor.
COAST,To slide down hill; to slide on a sled, upon snow or ice.[Local, U. S.]
COASTAL,Of or pertaining to a cast.
COASTING,Sailing along or near a coast, or running between ports along acoast.
Coasting trade, trade carried on by water between neighboringports of the same
country, as distinguished fron foreign trade ortrade involving long voyages.--
Coasting vessel, a vessel employed in coasting; a coaster.
COATEE,A coat with short flaps.
COATI,A mammal of tropical America of the genus Nasua, allied to theraccoon, but
with a longer body, tail, and nose.
COATLESS,Not wearing a coat; also, not possessing a coat.
COAX,To persuade by gentle, insinuating courtesy, flattering, orfondling; to
wheedle; to soothe.
COAXATION,The act of croaking. [R] Dr. H. More.
COAXER,One who coaxes.
COAXINGLY,In a coaxing manner; by coaxing.
COB,A spider; perhaps from its shape; it being round like a head.
COBAEA,A genus of climbing plants, native of Mexico and South America.C. scandens
is a consrvatory climber with large bell-shaped flowers.
COBALT,A tough, lustrous, reddish white metal of the iron group, noteasily fusible,
and somewhat magnetic. Atomic weight 59.1. Symbol Co.
COBALTIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; -- saidespecially of
those compounds in which cobalt has higher valence; as,cobaltic oxide. Luteo-
cobaltic compounds (Chem.), an extensive seriesof complex yellow compounds of
ammonia and cobaltic salts.-- Roseo-cobaltic compounds (Chem.), an extensive series
of complexred compounds of cobalt and ammonia. Modifications of these are
thepurpureo-cobaltic compounds.
COBALTIFEROUS,Containing cobalt.
COBALTOUS,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; -- saidesp. of cobalt
compounds in which the metal has its lower valence.Cobaltous chloride, a
crystalline compound, CoCl2, of a pale rosecolor when hydrous, blue when
dehydrated. Its solution is used for asympathetic ink, the writing being nearly
colorless when dried in theair, owing to absorbed moisture, and becoming bright
blue whenwarmed.
COBBING,Haughty; purse-proud. See Cob, n., 2. [Obs.] Withals (1608).
COBBLE,A fishing boat. See Coble.
COBBLESTONE,A large pebble; a rounded stone not too large to be handled; asmall
boulder; -- used for paving streets and for other purposes.
COBELLIGERENT,Carryng on war in conjunction with another power.
COBIA,An oceanic fish of large size (Elacate canada); the crabeater;-- called also
bonito, cubbyyew, coalfish, and sergeant fish.
COBIRON,An andiron with a knob at the top. Bacon.
COBISHOP,A joint or coadjutant bishop. Ayliffe.
COBLE,A flat-floored fishing boat with a lug sail, and a drop rudderextending from
two to four feet below the keel. It was originallyused on the stormy coast of
Yorkshire, England.
COBNUT,A large roundish variety of the cultivated hazelnut.
COBOOSE,See Caboose.
COBOURG,A thin worsted fabric for women's dresses.
COBRA DE CAPELLO,The hooded snake (Naia tripudians), a highly venomous
serpentinhabiting India.
COBRA,See Copra.
COBSTONE,Cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.]
COBSWAN,A large swan. B. Jonson.
COBWALL,A wall made of clay mixed with straw.
COBWEB,The European spotted flycatcher. Cobweb lawn, a fine linen,mentioned in 1640
as being in pieces of fifteen yards. Beck. Draper'sDict.Such a proud piece of
cobweb lawn. Beau. & Fl.Cobweb micrometer, a micrometer in which threads of cobwed
aresubstituted for wires.
COBWEBBED,Abounding in cobwebs. "The cobwebbed cottage." Young.
COBWEBBY,Abounding in cobwebs, or any fine web; resembling a cobweb.
COBWORK,Built of logs, etc., laid horizontally, with the endsdovetailed together at
the corners, as in a log house; in marinework, often surrounding a central space
filled with stones; as, acobwork dock or breakwater.
COCA,The dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon Coca).In med., called
Erythroxylon.
COCAINE,A powerful alkaloid, C17H21NO4, obtained from the leaves ofcoca. It is a
bitter, white, crystalline substance, and is remarkablefor producing local
insensibility to pain.
COCAINISM,A morbid condition produced by the habitual and excessive useof cocaine.
-- Co*ca"in*ist, n.
COCAINIZE,To treat or anæsthetize with cocaine. -- Co*ca`in*i*za"tion(#), n.
COCCIFEROUS,Bearing or producing berries; bacciferous; as, cocciferroustrees or
plants.
COCCINELLA,A genus of small beetles of many species. They and their larv¦eed on
aphids or plant lice, and hence are of great benefit to man.Also called ladybirds
and ladybugs.
COCCOBACTERIUM,One of the round variety of bacteria, a vegetable organism,generally
less than a thousandth of a millimeter in diameter.
COCCOLITE,A granular variety of pyroxene, green or white in color.
COCCOLITH,One of a kind of minute, calcareous bodies, probably vegetable,often
abundant in deep-sea mud.
COCCOSPHERE,A small, rounded, marine organism, capable of braking up
intococcoliths.
COCCOSTEUS,An extinct genus of Devonian ganoid fishes, having the broadplates about
the head studded with berrylike tubercles.
COCCULUS INDICUS,The fruit or berry of the Anamirta Cocculus, a climbing plantof
the East Indies. It is a poisonous narcotic and stimulant.
COCCUS,One of the separable carpels of a dry fruit.
COCCYGEAL,Of or pertaining to the coccyx; as, the coccygeal vertebræ.Coccygeal
glands (Zoöl.) , glands situated at the base of the tail ofbirds. They secrete the
oil with which the plumage is dressed.
COCCYGEOUS,Coccygeal. [R.]
COCCYX,The end of the vertebral column beyond the sacrum in man andtailless
monkeys. It is composed of several vertebræ more or lessconsolidated.
COCHIN FOWL,A large variety of the domestic fowl, originally from CochinChina
(Anam).
COCHINEAL FIG,A plant of Central and Southern Anerica, of the Cactus
familly,extensively cultivated for the sake of the cochineal insect, whichlives on
it.
COCHINEAL,A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of females of theCoccus cacti,
an insect native in Mexico, Central America, etc., andfound on several species of
cactus, esp. Opuntia cochinellifera.
COCHLEA,An appendage of the labyrinth of the internal ear, which iselongated and
coiled into a spiral in mammals. See Ear.
COCHLEAR,Of or pertaining to the cochlea.
COCHLEARE,A spoonful. Dungleson.
COCHLEARIFORM,Spoon-shaped.
COCHLEARY,Same as Cochleate.
COCK,To strut; to swagger; to look big, pert, or menacing. Addison.
COCK-A-HOOP,Boastful; defiant; exulting. Also used adverbially.
COCK-BRAINED,Giddy; rash. Milton.
COCK-PADDLE,See Lumpfish. [Scot.]
COCK-PADLE,See Lumpfish. [Scot.]
COCKADE,A badge, usually in the form of a rosette, or knot, andgenerally worn upon
the hat; -- used as an indication of military ornaval service, or party allegiance,
and in England as a part of thelivery to indicate that the wearer is the servant of
a military ornaval officer.Seduced by military liveries and cockades. Burke.
COCKADED,Wearing a cockade. Young.
COCKALEEKIE,A favorite soup in Scotland, made from a capon highly seasoned,and
boiled with leeks and prunes.
COCKAMAROO,The Russian variety of bagatelle.
COCKATEEL,An Australian parrot (Calopsitta Novæ-Hollandiæ); -- so calledfrom its
note.
COCKATOO,A bird of the Parrot family, of the subfamily Cacatuinæ, havinga short,
strong, and much curved beak, and the head ornamented with acrest, which can be
raised or depressed at will. There are severalgenera and many species; as the
broad-crested (Plictolophus, orCacatua, cristatus), the sulphur-crested (P.
galeritus), etc. Thepalm or great black cockatoo of Australia is Microglossus
aterrimus.Cock"a*trice, n. Etym: [OF. cocatrice crocodile, F. cocatrix,cocatrice.
The word is a corruption from the same source as E.crocodile, but was confused with
cock the bird, F. coq, whence arosethe fable that the animal was produced from a
cock's egg. SeeCrocodile.]
COCKBILL,To tilt up one end of so as to make almost vertical; as, tocockbill the
yards as a sign of mourning. To cockbill the anchor, tosuspend it from the cathead
preparatory to letting it go. SeeAcockbill.
COCKBOAT,A small boat, esp. one used on rivers or near the shore.
COCKCHAFER,A beetle of the genus Melolontha (esp. M. vulgaris) and alliedgenera; --
called also May bug, chafer, or dorbeetle.
COCKER SPANIEL,One of a breed of small or medium-sized spaniels kept forhunting or
retrieving game or for household pets. They usually weighfrom eighteen to twenty-
eight pounds. They have the head of fairlength, with square muzzle, the ears long
and set low, the legs shortor of medium length, and the coat fine and silky, wavy
but not curly.Various colors are bred, as black, liver, red, black and white,
blackand tan, etc.
COCKER,Th treat with too great tenderness; to fondle; to indulge; topamper.Cocker
thy child and he shall make thee afraid. Ecclesiasticus xxx.9.Poor folks cannot
afford to cocker themselves up. J. Ingelow.
COCKEREL,A young cock.
COCKET,Pert; saucy. [Obs.] Halliwell.
COCKEYE,A squinting eye. Forby.
COCKFIGHT,A match or contest of gamecocks.
COCKFIGHTING,The act or practice of pitting gamecocks to fight.
COCKHEAD,The rounded or pointed top of a grinding mill spindle, forminga pivot on
which the stone is balanced.
COCKIELEEKIE,Same as Cockaleekie.
COCKING,Cockfighting. Ben Jonson.
COCKLE,A bivalve mollusk, with radiating ribs, of the genus Cardium,especially C.
edule, used in Europe for food; -- sometimes applied tosimilar shells of other
genera.
COCKLEBUR,A coarse, composite weed, having a rough or prickly fruit; oneof several
species of the genus Xanthium; -- called also clotbur.
COCKLED,Inclosed in a shell.The tender horns of cockled snails. Shak.
COCKLER,One who takes and sells cockles.
COCKLOFT,An upper loft; a garret; the highest room in a building.Dryden. Swift.
COCKMASTER,One who breeds gamecocks. L'Estrange.
COCKMATCH,A cockfight.
COCKNEY,Of or relating to, or like, cockneys.
COCKNEYDOM,The region or home of cockneys; cockneys, collectively.Thackeray.
COCKNEYFY,To form with the manners or character of a cockney. [Colloq.]
COCKNEYISH,Characteristic of, or resembling, cockneys.
COCKNEYISM,The charasteristics, manners, or dialect, of a cockney.
COCKROACH,An orthopterus insect of the genus Blatta, and allied genera.
COCKSCOMB,A plant (Celosia cristata), of many varieties, cultivated forits broad,
fantastic spikes of brilliant flowers; -- sometimes calledgarden cockscomb. Also
the Pedicularis, or lousewort, the RhinanthusCrista-galli, and the Onobrychis
Crista-galli.
COCKSHEAD,(Bot.) A leguminous herb (Onobrychis Caput-galli), having smallspiny-
crested pods.
COCKSHUT,A kind of net to catch woodcock. [Obs.] Nares. Cockshut time orlight,
evening twilight; nightfall; -- so called in allusion to thetome at which the
cockshut used to be spread. [Obs.] Shak. B. Jonson.
COCKSPUR,A variety of Cratægus, or hawthorn (C. Crus-galli), havinglong, straight
thorns; -- called also Cockspur thorn.
COCKSWAIN,The steersman of a boat; a petty officer who has charge of aboat and its
crew.
COCKTAIL,A horse, not of pure breed, but having only one eighth or onesixteenth
impure blood in his veins. Darwin.
COCKUP,A large, highly esteemed, edible fish of India (Latescalcarifer); -- also
called begti.
COCKWEED,Peppergrass. Johnson.
COCKY,Pert. [Slang]
COCOA,A preparation made from the seeds of the chocolate tree, andused in making, a
beverage; also the beverage made from cocoa orcocoa shells. Cocoa shells, the husks
which separate from the cacaoseeds in preparing them for use.
COCOANUT,The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields anagreeable milky
liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as foodand in making oil.
COCOONERY,A building or apartment for silkworms, when feeding and formingcocoons.
COCTIBLE,Capable of being cooked. Blount.
COCTILE,Made by baking, or exposing to heat, as a brick.
COCUS WOOD,A West Indian wood, used for making flutes and other musicalinstruments.
COD LIVER,The liver of the common cod and allied species. Cod-liver oil,an oil
obtained fron the liver of the codfish, and used extensivelyin medicine as a means
of supplying the body with fat in cases ofmalnutrition.
COD,An important edible fish (Gadus morrhua), Taken in immensenumbers on the
northern coasts of Europe and America. It isespecially abundant and large on the
Grand Bank of Newfoundland. Itis salted and dried in large quantities.
CODA,A few measures added beyond the natural termination of acomposition.
CODDER,A gatherer of cods or peas. [Obs. or Prov.] Johnson.
CODDING,Lustful. [Obs.] Shak.
CODDYMODDY,A gull in the plumage of its first year.
CODEFENDANT,A joint defendant. Blackstone.
CODEINE,One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance,C18H21NO3,
similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, butmuch feebler in its action;
-- called also codeia.
CODETTA,A short passage connecting two sections, but not forming partof either; a
short coda.
CODFISH,A kind of fish. Same as Cod.
CODICAL,Ralating to a codex, or a code.
CODICIL,A clause added to a will.
CODICILLARY,Of the nature of a codicil.
CODIFICATION,The act or process of codifying or reducing laws to a code.
CODIFIER,One who codifies.
CODIFY,To reduce to a code, as laws.
CODILLA,The coarse tow of flax and hemp. McElrath.
CODILLE,A term at omber, signifying that the game is won. Pope.
CODIST,A codifier; a maker of codes. [R.]
CODLE,See Coddle.
CODLING,A young cod; also, a hake.
CODPIECE,A part of male dress in front of the breeches, formerly madevery
conspicuous. Shak. Fosbroke.
COECILIAN,See Cæcilian.
COEDUCATION,An educating together, as of persons of different sexes orraces.
Co*ed`u*ca"tion*al (, a.
COEFFICACY,Joint efficacy.
COEFFICIENCY,Joint efficiency; coöperation. Glanvill.
COEFFICIENT,Coöperating; acting together to produce an effect.Co`ef*fi"cient*ly,
adv.
COEHORN,A small bronze mortar mounted on a wooden block with handles,and light
enough to be carried short distances by two men.
COELACANTH,Having hollow spines, as some ganoid fishes.
COELECTRON,See Electron.
COELENTERATE,Belonging to the Coelentra.-- n.
COELIA,A cavity.
COELODONT,Having hollow teeth; -- said of a group lizards.-- n.
COELOSPERMOUS,Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike
carpelsincurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.
COELUM,See Body cavity, under Body.
COEMPTION,The act of buying the whole quantity of any commodity. [R.]Bacon.
COENDOO,The Brazilian porcupine (Cercolades, or Sphingurus,prehensiles), remarkable
for its prehensile tail.
COENESTHESIS,Common sensation or general sensibility, as distinguished fromthe
special sensations which are located in, or ascribed to, separateorgans, as the eye
and ear. It is supposed to depend on theganglionic system.
COENOBITE,See Cenobite.
COENOECIUM,The common tissue which unites the various zooids of abryozoan.
COENOGAMY,The state of a community which permits promiscuous sexualintercourse
among its members; -- as in certain primitive tribes orcommunistic societies.
[Written also cenogamy.]
COENOSARC,The common soft tissue which unites the polyps of a compoundhydroid. See
Hydroidea.
COENURUS,The larval stage of a tapeworm (Tænia coenurus) which formsbladderlike
sacs in the brain of sheep, causing the fatal diseaseknown as water brain, vertigo,
staggers or gid.
COEQUAL,Being on an equality in rank or power.-- n.
COEQUALITY,The state of being on an equality, as in rank or power.
COEQUALLY,With coequality.
COERCIBLE,Capable of being coerced.-- Co*er"ci*ble*ness, n.
COERCION,The application to another of either physical or moral force.When the
force is physical, and cannot be resisted, then the actproduced by it is a nullity,
so far as concerns the party coerced.When the force is moral, then the act, though
voidable, is imputableto the party doing it, unless he be so paralyzed by terror as
to actconvulsively. At the same time coercion is not negatived by the factof
submission under force. "Coactus volui" (I consented undercompulsion) is the
condition of mind which, when there is volitionforced by coercion, annuls the
result of such coercion. Wharton.
COERCITIVE,Coercive. "Coercitive power in laws." Jer. Taylor.
COERCIVE,Serving or intended to coerce; having power to constrain.-- Co*er"cive*ly,
adv.-- Co*er"cive*ness, n.Coercive power can only influence us to outward practice.
Bp.Warburton.Coercive or Coercitive force (Magnetism), the power or force which
iniron or steel produces a slowness or difficulty in impartingmagnetism to it, and
also interposes an obstacle to the return of abar to its natural state when active
magnetism has ceased. It plainlydepends on the molecular constitution of the metal.
Nichol.The power of resisting magnetization or demagnization is sometimescalled
coercive force. S. Thompson.
COERULIGNONE,A bluish violet, crystalline substance obtained in thepurification of
crude wood vinegar. It is regarded as a complexquinone derivative of diphenyl; --
called also cedriret.
COESSENTIAL,Partaking of the same essence.-- Co`es*sen"tial*ly, adv.We bless and
magnify that coessential Spirit, eternally proceedingfrom both [The Father and the
Son]. Hooker.
COESSENTIALITY,Participation of the same essence. Johnson.
COESTABLISHMENT,Joint establishment. Bp. Watson.
COESTATE,Joint estate. Smolett.
COETANEAN,A personcoetaneous with another; a contemporary. [R.]A . . . coetanean of
the late earl of SouthamptoAubrey.
COETANEOUS,Of the same age; beginning to exist at the same time;contemporaneous.--
Co`e*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv.And all [members of the body] are coetaneous. Bentley.
COETERNAL,Equally eternal.-- Co`e*ter"nal*ly, adv.Hail, holy Light, offspring of
Heaven first born! Or of the Eternalcoeternal beam. Milton.
COETERNITY,Existence from eternity equally with another eternal being;equal
eternity.
COEVAL,Of the same age; existing during the same period of time,especially time
long and remote; -- usually followed by with.Silence! coeval with eternity!
Pope.Oaks coeval spread a mournful shade. Cowper.
COEVOUS,Coeaval [Obs.] South.
COEXECUTOR,A joint executor.
COEXECUTRIX,A joint executrix.
COEXIST,To exist at the same time; -- sometimes followed by with.Of substances no
one has any clear idea, farther than of certainsimple ideas coexisting together.
Locke.So much purity and integrity . . . coexisting with so much decay andso many
infirmities. Warburton.
COEXISTENCE,Existence at the same time with another; --
contemporaryexistence.Without the help, or so much as the coexistence, of any
condition.Jer. Taylor.
COEXISTENT,Existing at the same time with another.-- n.
COEXISTING,Coexistent. Locke.
COEXTEND,To extend through the same space or time with another; toextend to the
same degree.According to which the least body may be coextended with thegreatest.
Boyle.Has your English language one single word that is coextended throughall these
significations Bentley.
COEXTENSION,The act of extending equally, or the state of being equallyextended.
COEXTENSIVE,Equally extensive; having as, consciousness and knowledge
arecoextensive. Sir W. Hamilton.-- Co`ex*ten"sive*ly, adv.-- Co`ex*ten"sive*ness,
n.
COFFEEHOUSE,A house of entertainment, where guests are supplied with coffeeand
other refreshments, and where men meet for conversation.The coffeehouse must not be
dismissed with a cursory mention. Itmight indeed, at that time, have been not
improperly called a mostimportant political institution . . . The coffeehouses were
the chieforgans through which the public opinion of the metropolis venteditself . .
. Every man of the upper or middle class went daily to hiscoffeehouse to learn the
news and discuss it. Every coffeehouse hadone or more orators, to whose eloquence
the crowd listened withadmiration, and who soon became what the journalists of our
own timehave been called -- a fourth estate of the realm. Macaulay.
COFFEEMAN,One who keeps a coffeehouse. Addison.
COFFEEPOT,A covered pot im which coffee is prepared,
COFFEEROOM,A public room where coffee and other refreshments may beobtained.
COFFER,A panel deeply recessed in the ceiling of a vault, dome, orportico; a
caisson.
COFFERDAM,A water-tight inclosure, as of piles packed with clay, fromwhich the
water is pumped to expose the bottom (of a river, etc.) andpermit the laying of
foundations, building of piers, etc.
COFFERER,One who keeps treasures in a coffer. [R.]
COFFERWORK,Rubblework faced with stone. Knight.
COFFIN,The hollow crust or hoof of a horse's foot, below the coronet,in which is
the coffin bone. Coffin bone, the foot bone of the horseand allied animals,
inclosed within the hoof, and corresponding tothe third phalanx of the middle
finger, or toe, of most mammals.-- Coffin joint, the joint next above the coffin
bone.
COFFINLESS,Having no coffin.
COFFLE,A gang of negro slaves being driven to market.
COG,To deceive; to cheat; to play false; to lie; to wheedle; tocajole.For guineas
in other men's breeches, Your gamesters will palm andwill cog. Swift.
COGENCY,The quality of being cogent; power of compelling conviction;conclusiveness;
force.An antecedent argument of extreme cogency. J. H. Newman.
COGENIAL,Congenial. [Obs.]
COGENTLY,In a cogent manner; forcibly; convincigly; conclusively. Locke.
COGGER,A flatterer or deceiver; a sharper.
COGGERY,Trick; deception. Bp. Watson.
COGGLE,A small fishing boat. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
COGITABILITY,The quality of being cogitable; conceivableness.
COGITABLE,Capable of being brought before the mind as a throught or
idea;conceivable; thinkable.Creation is cogitable by us only as a putting forth of
divine power.Sir W. Hamilton.
COGITABUND,Full of thought; thoughtful. [R.] Leigh Hunt.
COGITATE,To engage in continuous thought; to think.He that calleth a thing into his
mind, whether by impression orrecordation, cogitateth and considereth, and he that
employeth thefaculty of his fancy also cogitateth. Bacon.
COGITATION,The act of thinking; thought; meditation; contemplation. "Fixedin
cogitation deep." Milton.
COGMAN,A dealer in cogware or coarse cloth. [Obs.] Wright.
COGNAC,A kind of French brandy, so called from the town of Cognac.
COGNATE,One who is related to another on the female side. Wharton.
COGNATENESS,The state of being cognate.
COGNATI,Relatives by the mother's side. Wharton.
COGNATION,That tie of consanguinity which exists between personsdescended from the
same mother; -- used in distinction from agnation.
COGNATUS,A person cinnected through cognation.
COGNITIVE,Knowing, or apprehending by the understanding; as, cognitivepower. South.
COGNIZABLY,In a cognizable manner.
COGNIZANT,Having cognizance or knowledge. (of).
COGNIZE,To know or perceive; to recognize.The reasoning faculty can deal with no
facts until they are cognizedby it. H. Spencer.
COGNIZEE,One to whom a fine of land was ackowledged. Blackstone.
COGNIZOR,One who ackowledged the right of the plaintiff or cognizee in afine; the
defendant. Blackstone.
COGNOMEN,A surname.
COGNOMINAL,Of or pertaining to a cognomen; of the nature of a surname.
COGNOMINATION,A cognomen or surname. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
COGNOSCENCE,Cognizance. [R.] Dr. H. More.
COGNOSCENTE,A conoisseur. Mason.
COGNOSCIBILITY,The quality of being cognoscible. Cudworth.
COGNOSCITIVE,Having the power of knowing. [Obs.] "An innate cognoscitivepower."
Cudworth.
COGNOVIT,An instrument in writting whereby a defendant in an actionacknowledges a
plaintiff's demand to be just. Mozley & W.
COGON,A tall, coarse grass (Imperata arundinacea) of the PhilippineIslands and
adjacent countries, used for thatching.
COGUARDIAN,A joint guardian.
COGUE,A small wooden vessel; a pail. [Scot.] Jamieson.
COGWARE,A coarse, narrow cloth, like frieze, used by the lower classesin the
sixteenth century. Halliwell.
COGWHEEL,A wheel with cogs or teeth; a gear wheel. See Illust. ofGearing.
COHABITANT,One who dwells with another, or in the same place or country.No small
number of the Danes became peaceable cohabitants with theSaxons in England. Sir W.
Raleigh.
COHABITATION,The living together of a man and woman in supposed
sexualrelationship.That the duty of cohabitation is released by the cruelty of one
ofthe parties is admitted. Lord Stowell.
COHABITER,A cohabitant. Hobbes.
COHEIR,A joint heir; one of two or more heirs; one of several entitledto an
inheritance.
COHEIRESS,A female heir who inherits with other heiresses; a jointheiress.
COHEIRSHIP,The state of being a coheir.
COHERALD,A joint herald.
COHERENTLY,In a coherent manner.
COHERER,Any device in which an imperfectly conducting contact betweenpieces of
metal or other conductors loosely resting against eachother is materially improved
in conductivity by the influence ofHertzian waves; -- so called by Sir O. J. Lodge
in 1894 on theassumption that the impact of the electic waves caused the
looselyconnected parts to cohere, or weld together, a condition easilydestroyed by
tapping. A common form of coherer as used in wirelesstelegraphy consists of a tube
containing filings (usually a pinch ofnickel and silver filings in equal parts)
between terminal wires orplugs (called conductor plugs).
COHESIBILITY,The state of being cohesible. Good.
COHESIBLE,Capable of cohesion.
COHESION,That from of attraction by which the particles of a body areunited
throughout the mass, whether like or unlike; -- distinguishedfrom adhesion, which
unites bodies by their adjacent surfaces.Solids and fluids differ in the degree of
cohesion, which, beingincreased, turns a fluid into a solid. Arbuthnot.
COHIBIT,To restrain. [Obs.] Bailey.
COHIBITION,Hindrance; restraint. [Obs.]
COHOBATE,To repeat the distillation of, pouring the liquor back upon thematter
remaining in the vessel. Arbuthnot.
COHOBATION,The process of cohobating. Grew.
COHORN,See Coehorn.
COHORT,A body of about five or six hundred soldiers; the tenth part ofa legion.
COHOSH,A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), whoseroostock is
used in medicine; -- also called pappoose root. The nameis sometimes also given to
the Cimicifuga racemosa, and to twospecies of Actæa, plants of the Crowfoot family.
COIF,A cap. Specifically: (a) A close-fitting cap covering the sidesof the head,
like a small hood without a cape. (b) An officialheaddress, such as that worn by
certain judges in England. [Writtingalso quoif.]From point and saucy ermine down To
the plain coif and russet gown.H. Brocke.The judges, . . . althout they are not of
the first magnitude, norneed be of the degree of the coif, yet are they
considerable. Bacon.
COIFED,Wearing a coif.
COIFFEUR,A hairdresser.
COIFFURE,A headdress, or manner of dressing the hair. Addison.
COIGN,A var. spelling of Coin, Quoin, a corner, wedge; -- chieflyused in the phrase
coign of vantage, a position advantageous foraction or observation.
COIGNE,A quoin.See you yound coigne of the Capitol yon corner stone Shak.
COIL,To wind itself cylindrically or spirally; to form a coil; towind; -- often
with about or around.You can see his flery serpents . . . Coiting, playing in the
water.Longfellow.
COILON,A testicle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COIN,To manufacture counterfeit money.They cannot touch me for coining. Shak.
COINCIDENCY,Coincidence. [R.]
COINCIDENT,Having coincidence; occupying the same place;
contemporaneous;concurrent; -- followed by with.Christianity teaches nothing but
what is perfectly suitable to, andcoincident with, the ruling principles of a
virtuous and well-inclined man. South.
COINCIDENTAL,Coincident.
COINCIDENTLY,With coincidence.
COINCIDER,One who coincides with another in an opinion.
COINDICATION,One of several signs or sumptoms indicating the same fact; as,a
coindication of disease.
COINHABITANT,One who dwells with another, or with others. "Coinhabitants ofthe same
element." Dr. H. More.
COINHERE,To inhere or exist together, as in one substance. Sir W.Hamilton.
COINHERITANCE,Joint inheritance.
COINHERITOR,A coheir.
COINITIAL,Having a common beginning.
COINQUINATE,Topollute. [Obs.] Skelton.
COINQUINATION,Defilement. [Obs.]
COINSTANTANEOUS,Happening at the same instant. C. Darwin.
COINSURANCE,Insurance jointly with another or others; specif., that systemof fire
insurance in which the insurer is treated as insuring himselfto the extent of that
part of the risk not covered by his policy, sothat any loss is apportioned between
him and the insurance company onthe principle of average, as in marine insurance or
between otherinsurers.
COINTENSE,Equal in intensity or degree; as, the relations between 6 and12, and 8
and 16, are cointense. H. Spencer.
COINTENSION,The condition of being of equal in intensity; -- applied torelations;
as, 3 : 6 and 6 : 12 are relations of cointension.Cointension . . . is chosen
indicate the equality of relations inrespect of the contrast between their terms.
H. Spencer.
COIT,A quoit. [Obs.] Carew.
COITION,A coming together; sexual intercourse; copulation. Grew.
COJOIN,To join; to conjoin. [R.] Shak.
COJUROR,One who swears to another's credibility. W. Wotton.
COKE,Mineral coal charred, or depriver of its bitumen, sulphur, orother volatile
matter by roasting in a kiln or oven, or bydistillation, as in gas works. It is
lagerly used where [Written alsocoak.] Gas coke, the coke formed in gas retorts, as
distinguishedfrom that made in ovens.
COKENAY,A cockney. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COKERNUT,The cocoanut.
COKES,A simpleton; a gull; a dupe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
COKEWOLD,Cuckold. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COL,A short ridge connecting two higher elevations or mountains;the pass over such
a ridge.
COLA,L. pl. of Colon.
COLABORER,One who labors with another; an associate in labor.
COLANDER,A utensil with a bottom perforated with little holes forstraining liquids,
mashed vegetable pulp, etc.; a strainer ofwickerwork, perfprated metal, or the
like.
COLATION,The act or process of straining or filtering. [R.]
COLATITUDE,The complement of the latitude, or the difference between anylatitude
and ninety degrees.
COLATURE,The process of straining; the matter strained; a strainer. [R.]
COLBERTINE,A kind of lace. [Obs.]Pinners edged with colbertine. Swift.Difference
rose between Mechlin, the queen of lace, and colbertine.Young.
COLCHICINE,A powerful vegetable alkaloid, C17H19NO5, extracted from theColchicum
autumnale, or meadow saffron, as a white or yellowishamorphous powder, with a
harsh, bitter taste; -- called alsocolchicia.
COLCHICUM,A genus of bulbous-rooted plants found in many parts of Europe,including
the meadow saffron.
COLCOTHAR,Polishing rouge; a reddish brown oxide of iron, used inpolishing glass,
and also as a pigment; -- called also crocus Martis.
COLD WAVE,In the terminology of the United States Weather Bureau, anunusual fall in
temperature, to or below the freezing point,exceeding 16º in twenty-four hours or
20º in thirty-six hours,independent of the diurnal range.
COLD,Having a bluish effect. Cf. Warm, 8. Cold abscess. See underAbscess.-- Cold
blast See under Blast, n., 2. Cold blood. See under Blood,n., 8.-- Cold chill, an
ague fit. Wright.-- Cold chisel, a chisel of peculiar strength and hardness,
forcutting cold metal. Weale.-- Cold cream. See under Cream.-- Cold slaw. See Cole
slaw.-- In cold blood, without excitement or passion; deliberately.He was slain in
cold blood after thefight was over. Sir W. Scott.To give one the cold shoulder, to
treat one with neglect.
COLD-HEARTED,Wanting passion or feeling; indifferent.-- Cold"-heart`ed*ness, n.
COLD-SHORT,Brittle when cold; as, cold-short iron.
COLD-SHUT,Closed while too cold to become thoroughly welded; -- said of aforging or
casting.-- n.
COLDFINCH,A British wagtail.
COLDISH,Somewhat cold; cool; chilly.
COLDLY,In a cold manner; without warmth, animation, or feeling; withindifference;
calmly.Withdraw unto some private place, And reason coldly of yourgrievances. Shak.
COLDNESS,The state or quality of being cold.
COLE,A plant of the Brassica or Cabbage genus; esp. that form of B.oleracea called
rape and coleseed.
COLEGOOSE,See Coalgoose.
COLEMANITE,A hydrous borate of lime occurring in transparent colorless orwhite
crystals, also massive, in Southern California.
COLEMOUSE,See Coletit.
COLEOPTER,One of the Coleoptera.
COLEOPTERA,An order of insects having the anterior pair of wings (elytra)hard and
horny, and serving as coverings for the posterior pair,which are membranous, and
folded transversely under the others whennot in use. The mouth parts form two pairs
of jaws (mandibles andmaxillæ) adapted for chewing. Most of the Coleoptera are
known asbeetles and weevils.
COLEOPTERAN,One of the order of Coleoptera.
COLEOPTERIST,One versed in the study of the Coleoptera.
COLEORHIZA,A sheath in the embryo of grasses, inclosing the caulicle.Gray.
COLEPERCH,A kind of small black perch.
COLERA,Bile; choler. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COLERIDGIAN,Pertaining to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, or to his poetry ormetaphysics.
COLESEED,The common rape or cole.
COLESLAW,A salad made of sliced cabbage.
COLESTAFF,See Colstaff.
COLEUS,A plant of several species of the Mint family, cultivated forits bright-
colored or variegated leaves.
COLFOX,A crafty fox. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COLIC,A severe paroxysmal pain in the abdomen, due to spasm,obstruction, or
distention of some one of the hollow viscera. Hepaticcolic, the severe pain
produced by the passage of a gallstone fromthe liver or gall bladder through the
bile duct.-- Intestinal colic, or Ordinary colic, pain due to distention ofthe
intestines by gas.-- Lead colic, Painter's colic, a violent form of intestinal
colic,associated with obstinate constipation, produced by chronic leadpoisoning.--
Renal colic, the severe pain produced by the passage of acalculus from the kidney
through the ureter.-- Wind colic. See Intestinal colic, above.
COLICAL,Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of, colic. Swift.
COLICKY,Pertaining to, or troubled with, colic; as, a colicky disorder.
COLICROOT,A bitter American herb of the Bloodwort family, with the leavesall
radical, and the small yellow or white flowers in a long spike(Aletris farinosa and
A. aurea). Called sometimes star grass,blackroot, blazing star, and unicorn root.
COLIN,The American quail or bobwhite. The name is also applied toother related
species. See Bobwhite.
COLISEUM,The amphitheater of Vespasian at Rome, the largest in theworld. [Written
also Colosseum.]
COLITIS,An inflammation of the large intestine, esp. of its mucousmembrane;
colonitis.
COLL,To embrace. [Obs.] "They coll and kiss him." Latimer.
COLLABORATEUR,See Collaborator.
COLLABORATION,The act ofworking together; united labor.
COLLABORATOR,An associate in labor, especially in literary or scientificlabor.
COLLAGEN,The chemical basis of ordinary connective tissue, as of tendonsor sinews
and of bone. On being boiled in water it becomes gelatin orglue.
COLLAGENOUS,Containing or resembling collagen.
COLLAPSE,Extreme depression or sudden failing o
COLLAPSION,Collapse. [R.] Johnson.
COLLAR BONE,The clavicle.
COLLAR,The neck or line of junction between the root of a plant andits stem. Gray.
COLLARDS,Young cabbage, used as "greens"; esp. a kind cultivated forthat purpose;
colewort. [Colloq. Souther U. S.]
COLLARED,Wearing a collar; -- said of a man or beast used as a bearingwhen a collar
is represented as worn around the neck or loins.
COLLATABLE,Capable of being collated. Coleridge.
COLLATE,To present and institute in a benefice, when the personpresenting is both
the patron and the ordinary; -- followed by to.
COLLATERAL,Descending from the same stock or ancestor, but not in the sameline or
branch or one from the other; -- opposed to lineal.
COLLATERALNESS,The state of being collateral.
COLLATION,The gathering and examination of sheets preparatory to binding.
COLLATIONER,One who examines the sheets of a book that has just beenprinted, to
ascertain whether they are correctly printed, paged, etc.[Eng.]
COLLATITIOUS,Brought together; contributed; done by contributions. [Obs.]Bailey.
COLLATIVE,Passing or held by collation; -- said of livings of which thebishop and
the patron are the same person.
COLLATOR,One who collates to a benefice.
COLLAUD,To join in praising. [Obs.] Howell.
COLLEAGUE,A partner or associate in some civil or ecclesiastical officeor
employment. It is never used of partners in trade or manufactures.
COLLEAGUESHIP,Partnership in office. Milton.
COLLECT,A short, comprehensive prayer, adapted to a particular day,occasion, or
condition, and forming part of a liturgy.The noble poem on the massacres of
Piedmont is strictly a collect inverse. Macaulay.
COLLECTANEA,Passages selected from various authors, usually for purposes
ofinstruction; miscellany; anthology.
COLLECTEDLY,Composedly; coolly.
COLLECTEDNESS,A collected state of the mind; self-possession.
COLLECTIBLE,Capable of being collected.
COLLECTIONAL,Of or pertaining to collecting.The first twenty-five [years] must have
been wasted for collectionalpurposes. H. A. Merewether.
COLLECTIVE,Expressing a collection or aggregate of individuals, by asingular form;
as, a collective name or noun, like assembly, army,juri, etc.
COLLECTIVELY,In a mass, or body; in a collected state; in the aggregate;unitedly.
COLLECTIVENESS,A state of union; mass.
COLLECTIVISM,The doctrine that land and capital should be owned by
societycollectively or as a whole; communism. W. G. Summer.
COLLECTIVIST,An advocate of collectivism.-- a.
COLLECTOR,An officer appointed and commissioned to collect and receivecustoms,
duties, taxes, or toll.A great part of this is now embezzled . . . by collectors,
and otherofficers. Sir W. Temple.
COLLECTORATE,The district of a collector of customs; a collectorship.
COLLECTORSHIP,The office of a collector of customs or of taxes.
COLLEEN,A girl; a maiden. [Anglo-Irish]
COLLEGATARY,A joint legatee.
COLLEGIAL,Collegiate. [R.]
COLLEGIAN,A member of a college, particularly of a literary institutionso called; a
student in a college.
COLLEGIATE,Of or pertaining to a college; as, collegiate studies; acollegiate
society. Johnson. Collegiate church. (a) A church which,although not a bishop's
seat, resembles a cathedral in having acollege, or chapter of canons (and, in the
Church of England, adean), as Westminster Abbey. (b) An association of
churches,possessing common revenues and administered under the joint pastorateof
several ministers; as, the Reformed (Dutch) Collegiate Church ofNew York.
COLLEMBOLA,The division of Thysanura which includes Podura, and alliedforms.
COLLENCHYMA,A tissue of vegetable cells which are thickend at the anglesand
(usually) elongated.
COLLET,A small metal ring; a small collar fastened on an arbor; as,the collet on
the balance arbor of a watch; a small socket on a stem,for holding a drill.
COLLETERIAL,Of or pertaining to the colleterium of insects. R. Owen.
COLLETERIUM,An organ of female insects, containing a cement to unite theejected
ova.
COLLETIC,Agglutinant.-- n.
COLLEY,See Collie.
COLLIDE,To strike or dash against each other; to come into collision;to clash; as,
the vessels collided; their interests collided.Across this space the attraction
urges them. They collide, theyrecoil, they oscillate. Tyndall.No longer rocking and
swaying, but clashing and colliding. Carlyle.
COLLIDINE,One of a class of organic bases, C8H11N, usually pungent oilyliquids,
belonging to the pyridine series, and obtained from boneoil, coal tar, naphtha, and
certain alkaloids.
COLLIE,The Scotch shepherd dog. There are two breeds, the rough-hairedand smooth-
haired. It is remarkable for its intelligence, displayedespecially in caring for
flocks. [Written also colly, colley.]
COLLIED,Darkened. See Colly, v. t.
COLLIFLOWER,See Cauliflower.
COLLIGATE,To bring together by colligation; to sum up in a singleproposition.He had
discovered and colligated a multitude of the most wonderful .. . phenomena.
Tundall.
COLLIGATION,That process by which a number of isolated facts are broughtunder one
conception, or summed up in a general proposition, as whenKepler discovered that
the various observed positions of the planetMars were points in an ellipse. "The
colligation of facts." Whewell.Colligation is not always induction, but induction
is alwayscolligation. J. S. Mill.
COLLIMATE,To render parallel to a certain line or direction; to bringinto the same
line, as the axes of telescopes, etc.; to renderparallel, as rays of light.
COLLIMATION,The act of collimating; the adjustment of the line of thesights, as the
axial line of the telescope of an instrument, into itsproper position relative to
the other parts of the instrument. Errorof collimation, the deviation of the line
collimation of anastronomical instrument from the position it ought to have
withrespect to the axis of motion of the instrument.-- Line of collimation, the
axial line of the telescope of anastronomical or geodetic instrument, or the line
which passes throughthe optical center of the object glass and the intersection of
thecross wires at its focus.
COLLIMATOR,A telescope arranged and used to determine errors ofcollimation, both
vertical and horizontal. Nichol.
COLLIN,A very pure form of gelatin.
COLLINE,A small hill or mount. [Obs.]And watered park, full of fine collines and
ponds. Evelyn.
COLLINEATION,The act of aiming at, or directing in a line with, a fixedobject. [R.]
Johnson.
COLLING,An embrace; dalliance. [Obs.] Halliwell.
COLLINGLY,With embraces. [Obs.] Gascoigne.
COLLINGUAL,Having, or pertaining to, the same language.
COLLIQUABLE,Liable to melt, grow soft, or become fluid. [Obs.] Harvey.
COLLIQUAMENT,The first rudiments of an embryo in generation. Dr. H. More.
COLLIQUATE,To change from solid to fluid; to make or become liquid; tomelt.
[Obs.]The ore of it is colliquated by the violence of the fire. Boyle.[Ice] will
colliquate in water or warm oil. Sir T. Browne.
COLLIQUATION,A processive wasting or melting away of the solid parts of theanimal
system with copious excretions of liquids by one or morepassages. [Obs.]
COLLIQUATIVE,Causing rapid waste or exhaustion; melting; as, collequativesweats.
COLLIQUEFACTION,A melting together; the reduction of different bodies into onemass
by fusion.The incorporation of metals by simple colliquefaction. Bacon.
COLLISH,A tool to polish the edge of a sole. Knight.
COLLISIVE,Colliding; clashing. [Obs.]
COLLITIGANT,Disputing or wrangling. [Obs.] -- n.
COLLOCATE,Set; placed. [Obs.] Bacon.
COLLOCATION,The act of placing; the state of being placed with somethingelse;
disposition in place; arrangement.The choice and collocation of words. Sir W.
Jones.
COLLOCUTION,A speaking or conversing together; conference; mutualdiscourse. Bailey.
COLLOCUTOR,One of the speakers in a dialogue. Derham.
COLLODION,A solution of pyroxylin (soluble gun cotton) in ethercontaining a varying
proportion of alcohol. It is strongly adhesive,and is used by surgeons as a
containing for wounds; but its chiefapplication is as a vehicle for the sensitive
film in photography.Collodion process (Photog.), a process in which a film of
sensitizedcollodion is used in preparing the plate for taking a picture.-- Styptic
collodion, collodion containing an astringent, as tannin.
COLLODIONIZE,To prepare or treat with collodion. R. Hunt.
COLLODIOTYPE,A picture obtained by the collodion process; a melanotype orambrotype.
COLLODIUM,See Collodion.
COLLOGUE,To talk or confer secretly and confidentially; to converse,especially with
evil intentions; to plot mischief. [Archaic orColloq.]Pray go in; and, sister,
salve the matter, Collogue with her again,and all shall be well. Greene.He had been
colloguing with my wife. Thackeray.
COLLOID,Resembling glue or jelly; characterized by a jellylikeappearance;
gelatinous; as, colloid tumors.
COLLOIDAL,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, colloids.
COLLOIDALITY,The state or quality of being colloidal.
COLLOPED,Having ridges or bunches of flesh, like collops.With that red, gaunt, and
colloped neck astrain. R. Browning.
COLLOQUIAL,Pertaining to, or used in, conversation, esp. common andfamiliar
conversation; conversational; hence, unstudied; informal;as, colloquial
intercourse; colloquial phrases; a colloquial style.-- Col*lo"qui*al*ly, adv.His
[Johnson's] colloquial talents were, indeed, of the highestorder. Macaulay.
COLLOQUIALISM,A colloquial expression, not employed in formal discourse orwriting.
COLLOQUIALIZE,To make colloquial and familiar; as, to colloquialize one'sstyle of
writing.
COLLOQUIST,A speaker in a colloquy or dialogue. Malone.
COLLOTYPE,A photomechanical print made directly from a hardened film ofgelatin or
other colloid; also, the process of making such prints.According to one method, the
film is sensitized with potassiumdichromate and exposed to light under a reversed
negative. After thedichromate has been washed out, the film is soaked in glycerin
andwater. As this treatment causes swelling in those parts of the filmwhich have
been acted on by light, a plate results from whichimpressions can be taken with
prepared ink. The albertype, phototype,and heliotype are collotypes.
COLLOW,Soot; smut. See 1st Colly. [Obs.]
COLLUCTANCY,A struggling to resist; a striving against; resistance;opposition of
nature. [Obs.]
COLLUCTATION,A struggling; a contention. [Obs.]Colluctation with old hags and
hobgoblins. Dr. H. More.
COLLUDE,To have secretly a joint part or share in an action; to playinto each
other's hands; to conspire; to act in concert.If they let things take their course,
they will be represented ascolluding with sedition. Burke.
COLLUDER,One who conspires in a fraud.
COLLUM,A neck or cervix. Dunglison.
COLLUSION,An agreement between two or more persons to defraud a person ofhis
rights, by the forms of law, or to obtain an object forbidden bylaw. Bouvier.
Abbott.
COLLUSORY,Collusive.
COLLUTORY,A medicated wash for the mouth.
COLLY,The black grime or soot of coal. [Obs.] Burton.
COLLYBIST,A money changer. [Obs.]In the face of these guilty collybists. Bp. Hall.
COLLYRIUM,An application to the eye, usually an eyewater.
COLOBOMA,A defect or malformation; esp., a fissure of the iris supposedto be a
persistent embryonic cleft.
COLOCOLO,A South American wild cat (Felis colocolo), of the size of theocelot.
COLOCYNTH,The light spongy pulp of the fruit of the bitter cucumber(Citrullus, or
Cucumis, colocynthis), an Asiatic plant allied to thewatermelon; coloquintida. It
comes in white balls, is intenselybitter, and a powerful cathartic. Called also
bitter apple, bittercucumber, bitter gourd.
COLOCYNTHIN,The active medicinal principle of colocynth; a bitter,
yellow,crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside.
COLOGNE EARTH,An earth of a deep brown color, containing more vegetable thanmineral
matter; an earthy variety of lignite, or brown coal.
COLOGNE,A perfumed liquid, composed of alcohol and certain aromaticoils, used in
the toilet; -- called also cologne water and eau decologne.
COLOMBIER,A large size of paper for drawings. See under Paper.
COLOMBIN,See Calumbin.
COLOMBO,See Calumba.
COLON,That part of the large intestines which extends from the cæcumto the rectum.
COLONEL,The chief officer of a regiment; an officer ranking next abovea lieutenant
colonel and next below a brigadier general.
COLONELCY,The office, rank, or commission of a colonel.
COLONELSHIP,Colonelcy. Swift.
COLONER,A colonist. [Obs.] Holland
COLONIAL,Of or pertaining to a colony; as, colonial rights, traffic,wars.
COLONICAL,Of or pertaining to husbandmen. [Obs.]
COLONIST,A member or inhabitant of a colony.
COLONITIS,See Colitis.
COLONIZATION,Tha act of colonizing, or the state of being colonized; theformation
of a colony or colonies.The wide continent of America invited colonization.
Bancroft.
COLONIZATIONIST,A friend to colonization, esp. (U. S. Hist) to the colonizationof
Africa by emigrants from the colored population of the UnitedStates.
COLONIZE,To plant or establish a colony or colonies in; to people withcolonists; to
migrate to and settle in. Bacon.They that would thus colonize the stars with
inhabitants. Howell.
COLONIZER,One who promotes or establishes a colony; a colonist. Bancroft.
COLONNADE,A series or range of columns placed at regular intervals withall the
adjuncts, as entablature, stylobate, roof, etc.
COLONY,A number of animals or plants living or growing together,beyond their usual
range.
COLOPHANY,See Colophony.
COLOPHENE,A colorless, oily liquid, formerly obtained by distillation ofcolophony.
It is regarded as a polymeric form of terebenthene. Calledalso diterebene.
COLOPHON,An inscription, monogram, or cipher, containing the place anddate of
publication, printer's name, etc., formerly placed on thelast page of a book.The
colophon, or final description, fell into disuse, and . . . thetitle page had
become the principal direct means of identifying thebook. De Morgan.The book was
uninjured from title page to colophon. Sir W. Scott.
COLOPHONITE,A coarsely granular variety of garnet.
COLOPHONY,Rosin.
COLOQUINTIDA,See Colocynth. Shak.
COLOR SERGEANT,See under Sergeant.
COLOR,An apparent right; as where the defendant in trespass gave tothe plaintiff an
appearance of title, by stating his title specially,thus removing the cause from
the jury to the court. Blackstone.
COLOR-BLIND,Affected with color blindness. See Color blindness, underColor, n.
COLORABLE,Specious; plausible; having an appearance of right or justice."Colorable
pretense for infidility." Bp. Stillingfleet.-- Col"or*a*ble*ness, n.--
Col"or*a*bly, adv.Colorable and subtle crimes, that seldom are taken within the
walk ofhuman justice. Hooker.
COLORADO BEETLE,A yellowish beetle (Doryphora decemlineata), with tenlongitudinal,
black, dorsal stripes. It has migrated eastwards fromits original habitat in
Colorado, and is very destructive to thepotato plant; -- called also potato beetle
and potato bug. See Potatobeetle.
COLORADO GROUP,A subdivision of the cretaceous formation of western NorthAmerica,
especially developed in Colorado and the upper Missouriregion.
COLORADOITE,Mercury telluride, an iron-black metallic mineral, found inColorado.
COLORATE,Colored. [Obs.] Ray.
COLORATION,The act or art of coloring; the state of being colored. Bacon.The
females . . . resemble each other in their general type ofcoloration. Darwin.
COLORATURE,Vocal music colored, as it were, by florid ornaments, runs, orrapid
passages.
COLORED,Of some other color than white; specifically applied to negroesor persons
having negro blood; as, a colored man; the colored people.
COLORIFIC,Capable of communicating color or tint to other bodies.
COLORIMETER,An instrument for measuring the depth of the color of
anything,especially of a liquid, by comparison with a standard liquid.
COLORIMETRY,The quantitative determination of the depth of color of asubstance.
COLORIST,One who colors; an artist who excels in the use of colors; oneto whom
coloring is of prime importance.Titian, Paul Veronese, Van Dyck, and the rest of
the good colorists.Dryden.
COLORMAN,A vender of paints, etc. Simmonds.
COLOSSAL,Of a size larger than heroic. See Heroic.
COLOSSEAN,Colossal. [R.]
COLOSSEUM,The amphitheater of Vespasian in Rome. [Also written Coliseum.]
COLOTOMY,An operation for opening the colon
COLOUR,See Color.
COLP,See Collop.
COLPORTAGE,The distribution of religious books, tracts, etc., bycolporteurs.
COLPORTER,Same as Colporteur.
COLPORTEUR,A hawker; specifically, one who travels about selling anddistributing
religious tracts and books.
COLSTAFF,A staff by means of which a burden is borne by two persons ontheir
shoulders.
COLT PISTOL,A self-loading or semi-automatic pistol with removable magazinein the
handle holding seven cartridges. The recoil extracts andejects the empty cartridge
case, and reloads ready for another shot.Called also Browning, and Colt-Browning,
pistol.
COLT REVOLVER,A revolver made according to a system using a patentedrevolving
cylinder, holding six cartridges, patented by Samuel Colt,an American inventor, in
1835. With various modifications, it has formany years been the standard for the
United States army.
COLT,To frisk or frolic like a colt; to act licentiously orwantonly. [Obs.]They
shook off their bridles and began to colt. Spenser.
COLTER,A knife or cutter, attached to the beam of a plow to cut thesward, in
advance of the plowshare and moldboard. [Written alsocoulter.]
COLTISH,Like a colt; wanton; frisky.He was all coltish, full of ragery. Chaucer.--
Colt"ish*ly, adv.-- Colt"ish*ness, n.
COLTSFOOT,A perennial herb (Tussilago Farfara), whose leaves androotstock are
sometimes employed in medicine. Butterbur coltsfoot(Bot.), a European plant
(Petasites vulgaris).
COLUBER,A genus of harmless serpents.
COLUBRINE,like or related to snakes of the genus Coluber.
COLUGO,A peculiar East Indian mammal (Galleopithecus volans), havingalong the
sides, connecting the fore and hind limbs, a parachutelikemembrane, by means of
which it is able to make long leaps, like theflying squirrel; -- called also flying
lemur.
COLUMBA,See Calumba.
COLUMBAE,An order of birds, including the pigeons.
COLUMBARY,A dovecote; a pigeon house. Sir T. Browne.
COLUMBATE,A salt of columbic acid; a niobate. See Columbium.
COLUMBATZ FLY,See Buffalo fly, under Buffalo.
COLUMBELLA,A genus of univale shells, abundant in tropical seas. Somespecies, as
Columbella mercatoria, were formerly used as shell money.
COLUMBIA,America; the United States; -- a poetical appellation given inhonor of
Columbus, the discoverer. Dr. T. Dwight.
COLUMBIAD,A form of seacoast cannon; a long, chambered gun designed forthrowing
shot or shells with heavy charges of powder, at high anglesof elevation.
COLUMBIAN,Of or pertaining to the United States, or to America.
COLUMBIC,Pertaining to, or containing, columbium or niobium; niobic.Columbic acid
(Chem.), a weak acid derived from columbic or niobicoxide, Nb2O5; -- called also
niobic acid.
COLUMBIER,See Colombier.
COLUMBIFEROUS,Producing or containing columbium.
COLUMBIN,A white, crystalline, bitter substance. See Calumbin.
COLUMBINE,Of or pertaining to a dove; dovelike; dove-colored. "Columbineinnocency."
Bacon.
COLUMBITE,A mineral of a black color, submetallic luster, and highspecific specific
gravity. It is a niobate (or columbate) of iron andmanganese, containing tantalate
of iron; -- first found in NewEngland.
COLUMBIUM,A rare element of the vanadium group, first found in a varietyof the
mineral columbite occurring in Connecticut, probably atHaddam. Atomic weight 94.2.
Symbol Cb or Nb. Now more commonly calledniobium.
COLUMBO,See Calumba.
COLUMBUS DAY,The 12th day of October, on which day in 1492 ChristopherColumbus
discovered America, landing on one of the Bahama Islands(probably the one now
commonly called Watling Island), and naming it"San Salvador"; -- called also
Discovery Day. This day is made alegal holiday in many States of The United States.
COLUMELLA,A term applied to various columnlike parts; as, the columnella,or
epipterygoid bone, in the skull of many lizards; the columella ofthe ear, the bony
or cartilaginous rod connecting the tympanicmembrane with the internal ear.
COLUMELLIFORM,Shaped like a little column, or columella.
COLUMN,A kind of pillar; a cylindrical or polygonal support for aroof, ceiling,
statue, etc., somewhat ornamented, and usuallycomposed of base, shaft, and capital.
See Order.
COLUMNAR,Formed in columns; having the form of a column or columns; likethe shaft
of a column. Columnar epithelium (Anat.), epithelium inwhich the cells are
priismatic in form, and set upright on thesurface they cover.-- Columnar structure
(Geol.), a structure consisting of more orless regular columns, usually six-sided,
but sometimes with eight ormore sides. The columns are often fractured
transversely, with a cupjoint, showing a concave surface above. This structure
ischaracteristic of certain igneous rocks, as basalt, and is due tocontraction in
cooling.
COLUMNARITY,The state or quality of being columnar.
COLUMNATED,Having columns; as, columnated temples.
COLUMNED,Having columns.Troas and Ilion's columned citadel. Tennyson.
COLUMNIATION,The employment or arrangement of columns in a structure. Gwilt.
COLURE,One of two great circles intersecting at right angles in thepoles of the
equator. One of them passes through the equinoctialpoints, and hence is denominated
the equinoctial colure; the otherintersects the equator at the distance of 90º from
the former, and iscalled the solstitial colure.Thrice the equinoctial line He
circled; four times crossed the car ofnight From pole to pole, traversing each
colure. Milton.
COLY,Any bird of the genus Colius and allied genera. They inhabitAfrica.
COLZA,A variety of cabbage (Brassica oleracea), cultivated for itsseeds, which
yield an oil valued for illuminating and lubricatingpurposes; summer rape.
COM-,A prefix from the Latin preposition cum, signifying with,together, in
conjunction, very, etc. It is used in the form com-before b, m, p, and sometimes f,
and by assimilation becomes col-before l, cor- before r, and con- before any
consonant except b, h,l, m, p, r, and w. Before a vowel com- becomes co-; also
before h, w,and sometimes before other consonants.
COMA,A state of profound insensibility from which it is difficult orimpossible to
rouse a person. See Carus.
COMANCHES,A warlike, savage, and nomadic tribe of the Shoshone family ofIndians,
inhabiting Mexico and the adjacent parts of the UnitedStates; -- called also
Paducahs. They are noted for plundering andcruelty.
COMART,A covenant. [Obs.] Shak.
COMATE,Encompassed with a coma, or bushy appearance, like hair; hairy.
COMATOSE,Relating to, or resembling, coma; drowsy; lethargic; as,comatose sleep;
comatose fever.
COMATOUS,Comatose.
COMATULA,A crinoid of the genus Antedon and related genera. When youngthey are
fixed by a stem. When adult they become detached and clingto seaweeds, etc., by
their dorsal cirri; -- called also featherstars.
COMATULID,Any crinoid of the genus Antedon or allied genera.
COMB,To disentangle, cleanse, or adjust, with a comb; to lay smoothand straight
with, or as with, a comb; as, to comb hair or wool. Seeunder Combing.Comb down his
hair; look, look! it stands upright. Shak.
COMB-SHAPED,Pectinate.
COMBAT,To struggle or contend, as with an opposing force; to fight.To combat with a
blind man I disdain. Milton.After the fall of the republic, the Romans combated
only for thechoice of masters. Gibbon.
COMBATABLE,Such as can be, or is liable to be, combated; as, combatablefoes, evils,
or arguments.
COMBATANT,Contending; disposed to contend. B. Jonson.
COMBATER,One who combats. Sherwood.
COMBATIVE,(
COMBATIVENESS,A cranial development supposed to indicate a combativedisposition.
COMBATTANT,In the position of fighting; -- said of two lions set face toface, each
rampant.
COMBBROACH,A tooth of a wool comb. [Written also combrouch.]
COMBE,See Comb.
COMBER,To cumber. [Obs.] Spenser.
COMBINABLE,Capable of combinding; consistent with. [R.] M. Arnold.--
Com*bin"a*ble*ness, n.
COMBINATE,United; joined; betrothed. [R.]
COMBINATION,The act or process of uniting by chemical affinity, by whichsubstances
unite with each other in definite proportions by weight toform distinct compounds.
COMBINE,In the game of casino, to play a card which will take two ormore cards
whose aggregate number of pips equals those of the cardplayed. Combining weight
(Chem.), that proportional weight, usuallyreferred to hydrogen as a standard, and
for each element fixed andexact, by which an element unites with another to form a
distinctcompound. The combining weights either are identical with, or aremultiples
or multiples of, the atomic weight. See Atomic weight,under Atomic, a.
COMBINED,United closely; confederated; chemically united.
COMBINEDLY,; jointly.
COMBINER,One who, or that which, combines.
COMBING,See Coamings. Combing machine (Textile Manuf.), a machine forcombing wool,
flax, cotton, etc., and separating the longer and morevaluable fiber from the
shorter. See also Carding machine, underCarding.
COMBLESS,Without a comb or crest; as, a combless ceck.
COMBOLOIO,A Mohammedan rosary, consisting of ninety-nine beads. Byron.
COMBUST,So near the sun as to be obscured or eclipsed by his light, asthe moon or
planets when not more than eight degrees and a half fromthe sun. [Obs.]Planets that
are oft combust. Milton.
COMBUSTIBILITY,The quality of being combustible.
COMBUSTIBLE,A substance that may bee set on fire, or which is liable totake fire
and burn.All such combustibles as are cheap enough for common use go under thename
of fuel. Ure.
COMBUSTIBLENESS,Combustibility.
COMBUSTION,The combination of a combustible with a supporter ofcombustion,
producing heat, and sometimes both light and heat.Combustion results is common
cases from the mutual chemical actionand reaction of the combustible and the oxygen
of the atmosphere,whereby a new compound is formed. Ure.Supporter of combustion
(Chem.), a gas as oxygen, the combination ofwhich with a combustible, as coal,
constitutes combustion.
COMBUSTIOUS,Inflammable. [Obs.] Shak.
COME,To carry through; to succeed in; as, you can't come any trickshere. [Slang] To
come it, to succeed in a trick of any sort. [Slang]
COME-ALONG,A gripping device, as for stretching wire, etc., consisting oftwo jaws
so attached to a ring that they are closed by pulling on thering.
COME-OUTER,One who comes out or withdraws from a religious or otherorganization; a
radical reformer. [Colloq. U. S.]
COMEDIENNE,A women who plays in comedy.
COMEDIETTA,A dramatic sketch; a brief comedy.
COMEDO,A small nodule or cystic tumor, common on the nose, etc., whichon pressure
allows the escape of a yellow wormlike mass of retainedoily secretion, with a black
head (dirt).
COMEDOWN,A downfall; an humillation. [Colloq.]
COMEDY,A dramatic composition, or representation of a bright andamusing character,
based upon the foibles of individuals, the mannersof society, or the ludicrous
events or accidents of life; a play inwhich mirth predominates and the termination
of the plot is happy; --opposed to tragedy.With all the vivacity if comedy.
Macaulay.Are come to play a pleasant comedy. Shak.
COMELILY,In a suitable or becoming manner. [R.] Sherwood.
COMELINESS,The quality or state of being comely.Comeliness is a disposing fair Of
things and actions in fit time andplace. Sir J. Davies.Strength, comeliness of
shape, or amplest merit. Milton.Comeliness signifies something less forcible than
beauty, lesselegant than grace, and less light than prettiness. Johnson.
COMELY,In a becoming manner. Ascham.
COMER,One who comes, or who has come; one who has arrived, and ispresent. All
comers, all who come, or offer, to take part in amatter, especially in a contest or
controversy. "To prove it againstall comers." Bp. Stillingfleet.
COMES,The answer to the theme (dux) in a fugue.
COMESSATION,A reveling; a rioting. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
COMESTIBLE,Suitable to be eaten; eatable; esculent.Some herbs are most comestible.
Sir T. Elyot.
COMET,A member of the solar system which usually moves in anelongated orbit,
approaching very near to the sun in its perihelion,and receding to a very great
distance from it at its aphelion. Acomet commonly consists of three parts: the
nucleus, the envelope, orcoma, and the tail; but one or more of these parts is
frequentlywanting. See Illustration in Appendix.
COMETARIUM,An instrument, intended to represent the revolution of a cometround the
sun. Hutton.
COMETARY,Pertaining to, or resembling, a comet. Cheyne.
COMETHER,Matter; affair.
COMETIC,Relating to a comet.
COMETOGRAPHER,One who describes or writes about comets.
COMETOGRAPHY,A description of, or a treatise concerning, comets.
COMETOLOGY,The department of astronomy relating to comets.
COMFIT,A dry sweetmeat; any kind of fruit, root, or seed preservedwith sugar and
dried; a confection.
COMFITURE,See Comfit, n.
COMFORT,Unlawful support, countenance, or encouragement; as, to giveaid and comfort
to the enemy.
COMFORTABLE,A stuffed or quilted coverlet for a bed; a comforter; acomfort. [U. S.]
COMFORTABLENESS,State of being comfortable or comforting manner.Speak ye
comfortably to Jerusalem. Is. xl. 2.
COMFORTABLY,In a comfortable or comforting manner.
COMFORTER,The Holy Spirit, -- reffering to his office of comfortingbelievers.But
the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will sendin my name, he
shall teach you all things. John xiv. 26.
COMFORTLESS,Without comfort or comforts; in want or distress; cheerless.Comfortless
through turanny or might. Spenser.
COMFORTMENT,Act or process of administering comfort. [Obs.]The gentle comfortment
and entertainment of the said embassador.Hakluyt.
COMFORTRESS,A woman who comforts.To be your comfortress, and to preserve you. B.
Jonson.
COMFREY,A rough, hairy, perennial plant of several species, of thegenus Symphytum.
COMIC,A comedian. [Obs.] Steele.
COMICALITY,The quality of being comical; something comical.
COMICRY,The power of exciting mirth; comicalness. [R.] H. Giles.
COMITIA,A public assembly of the Roman people for electing officers orpassing laws.
COMITIAL,Relating to the comitia, or popular assembles of the Romans forelecting
officers and passing laws. Middleton.
COMITIVA,A body of followers; -- applied to the lawless or brigand bandsin Italy
and Sicily.
COMITY,Mildness and suavity of manners; courtesy between equals;friendly equals;
friendly civility; as, comity of manners; the comityof States. Comity of nations
(International Law), the courtesy bywhich nations recognize within their own
territory, or in theircourts, the peculiar institutions of another nation or the
rights andprivileges acquired by its citizens in their own land. By someauthorities
private international law rests on this comity, but thebetter opinion is that it is
part of the common law of the land, andhence is obligatory as law.
COMMA,A small interval (the difference beyween a major and minor halfstep), seldom
used except by tuners. Comma bacillus (Physiol.), avariety of bacillus shaped like
a comma, found in the intestines ofpatients suffering from cholera. It is
considered by some as having aspecial relation to the disease; -- called also
cholera bacillus.-- Comma butterfly (Zoöl.), an American butterfly (Grapta
comma),having a white comma-shaped marking on the under side of the wings.
COMMANDABLE,Capable of being commanded.
COMMANDANT,A commander; the commanding officer of a place, or of a body ofmen; as,
the commandant of a navy-yard.
COMMANDATORY,Mandatory; as, commandatory authority. [Obs.]
COMMANDEER,To compel to perform military service; to seize for militarypurposes; --
orig. used of the Boers.
COMMANDER,An officer who ranks next below a captain, -- ranking with alieutenant
colonel in the army.
COMMANDERSHIP,The office of a commander.
COMMANDINGLY,In a commanding manner.
COMMANDMENT,One of the ten laws or precepts given by God to the Israelitesat Mount
Sinai.
COMMANDO,In South Africa, a military body or command; also, sometimes,an expedition
or raid; as, a commando of a hundred Boers.
COMMANDRESS,A woman invested with authority to command. Hooker.
COMMANDRY,See Commandery.
COMMARK,The frontier of a country; confines. [Obs.] Shelton.
COMMATERIAL,Consisting of the same material. [Obs.] Bacon.
COMMATIC,Having short clauses or sentences; brief; concise.
COMMATISM,Conciseness in writing. Bp. Horsley.
COMMEASURABLE,Having the same measure; commensurate; proportional.She being now
removed by death, a commeasurable grief took as fullpossession of him as joy had
one. I. Walton.
COMMEASURE,To be commensurate with; to equal. Tennyson.
COMMEMORABLE,Worthy to be commemorated.
COMMEMORATE,To call to remembrance by a special act or observance; tocelebrate with
honor and solemnity; to honor, as a person or event,by some act of respect of
affection, intended to preserve theremembrance of the person or event; as, to
commemorate the sufferingsand dying love of our Savior by the sacrament of the
Lord's Supper;to commemorate the Declaration of Independence by the observance
ofthe Fourth of July.We are called upon to commemorate a revolution. Atterbury.
COMMEMORATIVE,Tending or intended to commemorate. "A sacrifice commemorativeof
Christ's offering up his body for us." Hammond.An inscription commemorative of his
victory. Sir G. C. Lewis.
COMMEMORATOR,One who commemorates.
COMMEMORATORY,Serving to commemorate; commomerative. Bp. Hooper.
COMMENCE,To enter upon; to begin; to perform the first act of.Many a wooer doth
commence his suit. Shak.
COMMEND,Compliments; greetings. [Obs.]Hearty commends and much endeared love to
you. Howell.
COMMENDABLE,Worthy of being commended or praised; laudable; praiseworthy.Order and
decent ceremonies in the church are not only comely butcommendable. Bacon.--
Com*mend"a*ble*ness, n.-- Com*mend"a*bly, adv.
COMMENDAM,A vacant living or benefice commended to a cleric (usually abishop) who
enjoyed the revenue until a pastor was provided. A livingso held was said to be
held in commendam. The practice was abolishedby law in 1836.There was [formerly]
some sense for commendams. Selden.Partnership in commendam. See under Partnership.
COMMENDATARY,One who holds a living in commendam.
COMMENDATION,A message of affection or respect; compliments; greeting.[Obs.]Hark
you, Margaret; No princely commendations to my king Shak.
COMMENDATOR,One who holds a benefice in commendam; a commendatary.Chalmers.
COMMENDATORY,A commendation; eulogy. [R.] "Commendatories to our affection."Sharp.
COMMENDER,One who commends or praises.
COMMENSAL,An animal, not truly parasitic, which lives in with, or on,another,
partaking usually of the same food. Both species may bebenefited by the
association.
COMMENSALISM,The act of eating together; table fellowship.
COMMENSALITY,Fellowship at table; the act or practice of eating at the sametable.
[Obs.] "Promiscuous commensality." Sir T. Browne.
COMMENSATION,Commensality. [Obs.]Daniel . . . declined pagan commensation. Sir T.
Browne.
COMMENSURABILITY,The quality of being commersurable. Sir T. Browne.
COMMENSURABLE,Having a common measure; capable of being exactly measured bythe same
number, quantity, or measure.-- Com*men"su*ra*ble*ness, n. Commensurable numbers or
quantities(Math.), those that can be exactly expressed by some common unit;thus a
foot and yard are commensurable, since both can be expressedin terms of an inch,
one being 12 inches, the other 36 inches.-- Numbers, or Quantities, commensurable
in power, those whosesquares are commensurable.
COMMENSURABLY,In a commensurable manner; so as to be commensurable.
COMMENSURATENESS,The state or quality of being commensurate. Foster.
COMMENSURATION,The act of commensurating; the state of being commensurate.All
fitness lies in a particular commensuration, or proportion of onething to another.
South.
COMMENT,To make remarks, observations, or criticism; especially, towrite notes on
the works of an author, with a view to illustrate hismeaning, or to explain
particular passages; to write annotations; --often followed by on or upon.A
physician to comment on your malady. Shak.Critics . . . proceed to comment on him.
Dryden.I must translate and comment. Pope.
COMMENTATE,To write comments or notes upon; to make comments. [R.]Commentate upon
it, and return it enriched. Lamb.
COMMENTATOR,One who writes a commentary or comments; an expositor; anannotator.The
commentator's professed object is to explain, to enforce, toillustrate doctrines
claimed as true. Whewell.
COMMENTATORIAL,Pertaining to the making of commentaries. Whewell.
COMMENTATORSHIP,The office or occupation of a commentator.
COMMENTER,One who makes or writes comments; a commentator; an annotator.
COMMENTITIOUS,Fictitious or imaginary; unreal; as, a commentitious system
ofreligion. [Obs.] Warburton.
COMMERCE DESTROYER,A very fast, unarmored, lightly armed vessel designed tocapture
or destroy merchant vessels of an enemy. Not being intendedto fight, they may be
improvised from fast passenger steamers.
COMMERCIAL,Of or pertaining to commerce; carrying on or occupied withcommerce or
trade; mercantile; as, commercial advantages; commercialrelations. "Princely
commercial houses." Macaulay. Commercialcollege, a school for giving instruction in
commercial knowledge andbusiness.-- Commercial law. See under Law.-- Commercial
note paper, a small size of writing paper, usuallyabout 5 by 7½ or 8 inches.--
Commercial paper, negotiable paper given in due course ofbusiness. It includes
bills of exchange, promissory notes, bankcheks, etc.-- Commercial traveler, an
agent of a wholesale house who travelsfrom town to town to solicit orders.
COMMERCIALISM,The commercial spirit or method. C. Kingsley.
COMMERCIALLY,In a commercial manner.
COMMIGRATE,To migrate together. [R.]
COMMIGRATION,Migration together. [R.] Woodward.
COMMINATORY,Threatening or denouncing punishment; as, comminatory terms. B.Jonson.
COMMINGLE,To mingle together; to mix in one mass, or intimately; toblend. Bacon.
COMMINGLER,One that commingles; specif., a device for noiseless heating ofwater by
steam, in a vessel filled with a porous mass, as of pebbles.
COMMINUTE,To reduce to minute particles, or to a fine powder; topulverize; to
triturate; to grind; as, to comminute chalk or bones;to comminute food with the
teeth. Pennant. Comminuted fracture. Seeunder Fracture.
COMMINUTION,Fracture (of a bone) into a number of pieces. Dunglison.
COMMISERABLE,Pitiable. [Obs.] Bacon.
COMMISERATE,To feel sorrow, pain, or regret for; to pity.Then must we those, who
groan, beneath the weight Of age, disease, orwant, commiserate. Denham.We should
commiserate our mutual ignorance. Locke.
COMMISERATION,The act of commiserating; sorrow for the wants, afflictions,
ordistresses of another; pity; compassion.And pluck commiseration of his state From
brassy bosoms and roughhearts of flint. Shak.
COMMISERATIVE,Feeling or expressing commiseration. Todd.
COMMISERATOR,One who pities.
COMMISSARIAL,Of or pertaining to a commissary.
COMMISSARY,An officer on the bishop, who exercises ecclesiasticaljurisdiction in
parts of the diocese at a distance from the residenceof the bishop. Ayliffe.
COMMISSARYSHIP,The office or employment of a commissary. Ayliffe.
COMMISSIONAIRE,Of pertaining to, or conferring, a commission; conferred by
acommission or warrant. [R.]Delegate or commissionary authority. Bp. Hall.
COMMISSIONATE,To commission [Obs.]
COMMISSIONSHIP,The office of commissioner. Sir W. Scott.
COMMISSIVE,Relating to commission; of the nature of, or involving,commission. [R.]
COMMISSURAL,Of or pertaining to a commissure.
COMMISSURE,The line of junction or cohering face of two carpels, as in theparsnip,
caraway, etc.
COMMIT,To sin; esp., to be incontinent. [Obs.]Commit not with man's sworn spouse.
Shak.
COMMITTABLE,Capable of being committed.
COMMITTAL,The act of commiting, or the state of being committed;commitment.
COMMITTEE,One or more persons elected or appointed, to whom any matter orbussiness
is referred, either by a legislative body, or by a court,or by any collective body
of men acting together. Commitee of thewhole [house], a committee, embracing all
the members present, intowhich a legislative or deliberative body sometimes
resolves itself,for the purpose of considering a particular measure under
theoperation of different rules from those governing the generallegislative
proceedings. The committee of the whole has its ownchairman, and reports its action
in the form of recommendations.-- Standing committee. See under Standing.
COMMITTEEMAN,A member of a committee.
COMMITTIBLE,Capable of being committed; liable to be committed. [R.] Sir T.Browne.
COMMIX,To mix or mingle together; to blend.The commixed impressions of all the
colors do stir up and beget asensation of white. Sir I. Newton.To commix With winds
that sailors rail at. Shak.
COMMIXION,Commixture. Shak.
COMMIXTION,Commixture; mingling. [R.]An exact commixtion of the ingredients. Boyle.
COMMODATE,A gratuitous loan.
COMMODIOUS,Adapted to its use or purpose, or to wants and necessities;serviceable;
spacious and convenient; roomy and comfortable; as, acommodious house. "A
commodious drab." Shak. "Commodious gold." Pope.The haven was not commodious to
winter in. Acts. xxvii. 12.
COMMODIOUSLY,In a commodious manner.To pass commodiously this life. Milton.
COMMODIOUSNESS,State of being commodious; suitableness for its purpose;convience;
roominess.Of cities, the greatness and riches increase according to
thecommodiousness of their situation. Sir W. Temple.The commodiousness of the
harbor. Johnson.
COMMODORE,An officer who ranks next above a captain; sometimes, bycourtesy, the
senior captain of a squadron. The rank of commodorecorresponds with that of
brigadier general in the army.
COMMON SENSE,See Common sense, under Sense.
COMMON,The right of taking a profit in the land of another, in commoneither with
the owner or with other persons; -- so called from thecommunity of interest which
arises between the claimant of the rightand the owner of the soil, or between the
claimants and othercommoners entitled to the same right. Common appendant, a
rightbelonging to the owners or occupiers of arable land to put commonablebeasts
upon the waste land in the manor where they dwell.-- Common appurtenant, a similar
right applying to lands in othermanors, or extending to other beasts, besides those
which aregenerally commonable, as hogs.-- Common because of vicinage or
neighborhood, the right of theinhabitants of each of two townships, lying
contiguous to each other,which have usually intercommoned with one another, to let
theirbeasts stray into the other's fields.-- Common in gross or at large, a common
annexed to a man's person,being granted to him and his heirs by deed; or it may be
claimed byprescriptive right, as by a parson of a church or other corporationsole.
Blackstone.-- Common of estovers, the right of taking wood from another'sestate.--
Common of pasture, the right of feeding beasts on the land ofanother. Burill.--
Common of piscary, the right of fishing in waters belonging toanother.-- Common of
turbary, the right of digging turf upon the ground ofanother.
COMMONAGE,The right of pasturing on a common; the right of using anythingin common
with others.The claim of comonage . . . in most of the forests. Burke.
COMMONISH,Somewhat common; commonplace; vulgar.
COMMONITION,Advice; warning; instruction. [Obs.] Bailey.
COMMONITIVE,Monitory. [Obs.]Only commemorative and commonitive. Bp. Hall.
COMMONITORY,Calling to mind; giving admonition. [Obs.] Foxe.
COMMONPLACE,Common; ordinary; trite; as, a commonplace person, orobservation.
COMMONPLACENESS,The quality of being commonplace; commonness.
COMMONTY,A common; a piece of land in which two or more persons have acommon right.
Bell.
COMMONWEAL,Commonwealth.Such a prince, So kind a father of the commonweal. Shak.
COMMONWEALTH,Specifically, the form of government established on the deathof
Charles I., in 1649, which existed under Oliver Cromwell and hisson Richard, ending
with the abdication of the latter in 1659.
COMMORANCE,See Commorancy.
COMMORANCY,A dwelling or ordinary residence in a place; habitation.Commorancy
consists in usually lying there. Blackstone.
COMMORANT,Ordinarily residing; inhabiting.All freeholders within the precinct . . .
and all persons commoranttherein. Blackstone.
COMMORATION,The act of staying or residing in a place. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
COMMORIENT,Dying together or at the same time. [R.] Sir G. Buck.
COMMORSE,Remorse. [Obs.] "With sad commorse." Daniel.
COMMOTE,To commove; to disturb; to stir up. [R.]Society being more or less commoted
and made uncomfortable.Hawthorne.
COMMUNAL,Pertaining to a commune.
COMMUNALISM,A French theory of government which holds that commune shouldbe a kind
of independent state, and the national government aconfederation of such states,
having only limited powers. It isadvocated by advanced French republicans; but it
should not beconfounded with communism.
COMMUNALIST,An advocate of communalism.
COMMUNALISTIC,Pertaining to communalism.
COMMUNE,Communion; sympathetic intercourse or conversation betweenfriends.For days
of happy commune dead. Tennyson.
COMMUNICABILITY,The quality of being communicable; capability of beingimparted.
COMMUNICANT,Communicating. [R.] Coleridge.
COMMUNICATION,A trope, by which a speaker assumes that his hearer is apartner in
his sentiments, and says we, instead of I or you. Beattie.
COMMUNICATIVE,Inclined to communicate; ready to impart to others.Determine, for the
future, to be less communicative. Swift.
COMMUNICATIVENESS,The quality of being communicative. Norris.
COMMUNICATOR,One who communicates. Boyle.
COMMUNICATORY,Imparting knowledge or information.Canonical and communicatory
letters. Barrow.
COMMUNISM,A scheme of equalizing the social conditions of life;specifically, a
scheme which contemplates the abolition ofinequalities in the possession of
property, as by distributing allwealth equally to all, or by holding all wealth in
common for theequal use and advantage of all.
COMMUNISTIC,Living or having their nests in common, as certain birds.
COMMUTABILITY,The quality of being commutable.
COMMUTABLE,Capable of being commuted or interchanged.The predicate and subject are
not commutable. Whately.
COMMUTABLENESS,The quality of being commutable; interchangeableness.
COMMUTATION TICKET,A ticket for transportation at a reduced rate in considerationof
some special circumstance, as increase of travel; specif., aticket for a certain
number of, or for daily, trips betweenneighboring places at a reduced rate, such as
are commonly used bythose doing business in a city and living in a suburb.
Commutationtickets are excepted from the prohibition against special ratescontained
in the Interstate Commerce Act of Feb. 4, 1887 (24 Stat.379), and in 145 U. S. 263
it was held that party tickets were alsoexcepted as being "obviously within the
commuting principle."
COMMUTATION,The change of a penalty or punishment by the pardoning power ofthe
State; as, the commutation of a sentence of death to banishmentor
imprisonment.Suits are allowable in the spiritual courts for money agreed to
begiven as a commutation for penance. Blackstone.
COMMUTATIVE,Relative to exchange; interchangeable; reciprocal.-- Com*mut"a*tive"ly,
adv.Rich traders, from their success, are presumed . . . to havecultivated an
habitual regard to commutative justice. Burke.
COMMUTATOR,A piece of apparatus used for reversing the direction of anelectrical
current; an attachment to certain electrical machines, bymeans of which alternating
currents are made to be continuous or tohave the same direction.
COMMUTE,To exchange; to put or substitute something else in place of,as a smaller
penalty, obligation, or payment, for a greater, or asingle thing for an aggregate;
hence; to lessen; to diminish; as, tocommute a sentence of death to one of
imprisonment for life; tocommute tithes; to commute charges for fares.The sounds
water and fire, being once annexed to those two elements,it was certainly more
natural to call beings participating of thefirst "watery", and the last "fiery",
than to commute the terms, andcall them by the reverse. J. HarrisThe utmost that
could be obtained was that her sentence should becommuted from burning to
beheading. Macaulay.
COMMUTER,One who commutes; especially, one who commutes in traveling.
COMMUTUAL,Mutual; reciprocal; united. [R.]There, with commutual zeal, we both had
strove. Pope.
COMOSE,Bearing a tuft of soft hairs or down, as the seeds of milkweed.Gray.
COMPACT,An agreement between parties; a covenant or contract.The law of nations
depends on mutual compacts, treaties, leagues,etc. Blackstone.Wedlock is described
as the indissoluble compact. Macaulay.The federal constitution has been styled a
compact between the Statesby which it was ratified. Wharton.
COMPACTED,Compact; pressed close; concentrated; firmly united.
COMPACTEDLY,In a compact manner.
COMPACTEDNESS,A state of being compact.
COMPACTER,One who makes a compact.
COMPACTIBLE,That may be compacted.
COMPACTION,The act of making compact, or the state of being compact.[Obs.] Bacon.
COMPACTLY,In a compact manner; with close union of parts; densely;tersely.
COMPACTNESS,The state or quality of being compact; close union of parts;density.
COMPACTURE,Close union or connection of parts; manner of joining;construction.
[Obs.] "With comely compass and compacture strong."Spenser.
COMPAGES,A system or structure of many parts united.A regular compages of pipes and
vessels. Ray.
COMPAGINATE,To unite or hold together; as, the side pieces compaginate theframe.
[Obs.] W. Montagu.
COMPAGINATION,Union of parts; structure. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
COMPANABLE,Companionable; sociable. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COMPANATOR,Same as Impanator.
COMPANIABLE,Companionable; sociable. [Obs.] Bacon.
COMPANIONABLE,Fitted to be a companion; fit for good fellowship;
agreeable;sociable. "Each companionable guest." Mallett. "Companionable
wit."Clarendon.-- Com*pan"ion*a*ble*ness, n.-- Com*pan"ion*a*bly, adv.
COMPANIONLESS,Without a companion.
COMPANIONSHIP,Fellowship; association; the act or fact of keeping companywith any
one. Shak.He never seemed to avail himself of my sympathy other than by
merecompanionship. W. Irwing
COMPANY,A subdivision of a regiment of troops under the command of acaptain,
numbering in the United States (full strength) 100 men.
COMPARABLE,Capable of being compared; worthy of comparison.There is no blessing of
life comparable to the enjoyment of adiscreet and virtuous friend. Addison.--
Com"pa*ra*ble*ness, n.-- Com"pa*ra*bly, adv.
COMPARATE,One of two things compared together.
COMPARATION,A making ready; provision. [Obs.]
COMPARATIVE,Expressing a degree greater or less than the positive degree ofthe
quality denoted by an adjective or adverb. The comparative degreeis formed from the
positive by the use of -er, more, or less; as,brighter, more bright, or less
bright. Comparative sciences, thosewhich are based on a comprehensive comparison of
the range of objectsor facts in any branch or department, and which aim to study
out andtreat of the fundamental laws or systems of relation pervading them;as,
comparative anatomy, comparative physiology, comparativephilology.
COMPARATIVELY,According to estimate made by comparison; relatively; notpositively
or absolutely.With but comparatively few exceptions. Prescott.
COMPARATOR,An instrument or machine for comparing anything to be measuredwith a
standard measure; -- applied especially to a machine forcomparing standards of
length.
COMPARE,To inflect according to the degrees of comparison; to statepositive,
comparative, and superlative forms of; as, most adjectivesof one syllable are
compared by affixing "-er" and "-est" to thepositive form; as, black, blacker,
blackest; those of more than onesyllable are usually compared by prefixing "more"
and "most", or"less" and "least", to the positive; as, beautiful, more
beautiful,most beautiful.
COMPARER,One who compares.
COMPARISON,The modification, by inflection or otherwise, which theadjective and
adverb undergo to denote degrees of quality orquantity; as, little, less, least,
are examples of comparison.
COMPART,To divide; to mark out into parts or subdivisions. [R.]The crystal surface
is comparted all In niches verged with rubies.Glover.
COMPARTITION,The act of dividing into parts or compartments; division; also,a
division or compartment. [Obs.]Their temples . . . needed no compartitions. Sir H.
Wotton.
COMPARTMENT,One of the sections into which the hold of a ship is divided bywater-
tight bulkheads.
COMPARTNER,See Copartner. [Obs.]
COMPASS,The range of notes, or tones, within the capacity of a voice
orinstument.You would sound me from my lowest note to the top of my compass.Shak.
COMPASSABLE,Capable of being compassed or accomplished. Burke.
COMPASSED,Rounded; arched. [Obs.]She came . . . into the compassed window. Shak.
COMPASSES,An instrument for describing circles, measuring figures, etc.,consisting
of two, or (rarely) more, pointed branches, or legs,usually joined at the top by a
rivet on which they move.
COMPASSING,Curved; bent; as, compassing timbers.
COMPASSION,Literally, suffering with another; a sensation of sorrowexcited by the
distress or misfortunes of another; pity;commiseration.Womanly igenuity set to work
by womanly compassion. Macaulay.
COMPASSIONABLE,Deserving compassion or pity; pitiable. [R.] Barrow.
COMPASSIONATE,To have compassion for; to pity; to commiserate; to
sympathizewith.Compassionates my pains, and pities me. Addison.
COMPASSIONATELY,In a compassionate manner; mercifully. Clarendon.
COMPASSIONATENESS,The quality or state of being compassionate.
COMPASSLESS,Having no compass. Knowles.
COMPATERNITY,The relation of a godfather to a person. [Obs.]The relation of
gossipred or compaternity by the cannon law is aspiritual affinity. Sir J. Da
COMPATIBILITY,The quality or power of being compatible or congruous;congruity; as,
a compatibility of tempers; a compatibility ofproperties.
COMPATIBLE,Capable of existing in harmony; congruous; suitable; notrepugnant; --
usually followed by with.Our poets have joined together such qualities as are by
nature themost compatible. Broome.
COMPATIBLENESS,Compatibility; consistency; fitness; agreement.
COMPATIBLY,In a compatible manner.
COMPATIENT,Suffering or enduring together. [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.
COMPATRIOT,One of the same country, and having like interests and feeling.The
distrust with which they felt themselves to be regarded by theircompatriots in
America. Palfrey.
COMPATRIOTISM,The condition of being compatriots.
COMPEAR,To appear in court personally or by attorney. [Scot]
COMPEER,An equal, as in rank, age, prowess, etc.; a companion; acomrade; a mate.And
him thus answer 'd soon his bold compeer. Milton.
COMPEL,To make one yield or submit. "If she can not entreat, I can notcompel."
Shak.
COMPELLABLE,Capable of being compelled or constrained. Blackstone.
COMPELLABLY,By compulsion.
COMPELLATION,Style of address or salutation; an appellation.
"Metaphoricalcompellations." Milton.He useth this endearing compellation, "My
little children." Bp.Beveridge.The peculiar compellation of the kings in France is
by "Sire," whichis nothing else but father. Sir W. Temple.
COMPELLATIVE,The name by which a person is addressed; an appellative.
COMPELLATORY,Serving to compel; compulsory. [R.]
COMPELLER,One who compels or constrains.
COMPEND,A compendium; an epitome; a summary.A compend and recapitulation of the
Mosaical law. Bp. Burnet.
COMPENDIARIOUS,Short; compendious. [Obs.] Bailey.
COMPENDIATE,To sum or collect together. [Obs.] Bp. King.
COMPENDIOUS,Containing the substance oe general principles of a subject orwork in a
narrow compass; abridged; summarized.More compendious and exeditious ways.
Woodward.Three things be required in the oration of a man having authority --that
it be compendious, sententious, and delectable. Sir T. Elyot.
COMPENDIOUSLY,In a compendious manner.Compendiously exressed by the word chaos.
Bentley.
COMPENDIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being compendious.
COMPENDIUM,A brief compilation or composition, containing the principalheads, or
general principles, of a larger work or system; anabridgment; an epitome; a
compend; a condensed summary.A short system or compendium of a sience. I. Watts.
COMPENSATE,To make amends; to supply an equivalent; -- followed by for;as, nothing
can compensate for the loss of reputation.
COMPENSATIVE,Affording compensation.
COMPENSATOR,An iron plate or magnet placed near the compass on iron vesselsto
neutralize the effect of the ship's attraction on the needle.
COMPENSATORY,Serving for compensation; making amends. Jer. Taylor.
COMPENSE,To compensate. [Obs.] Bacon.
COMPERENDINATE,To delay. Bailey.
COMPESCE,To hold in check; to restrain. [R.] Carlyle.
COMPETE,To contend emulously; to seek or strive for the same thing,position, or
reward for which another is striving; to contend inrivalry, as for a prize or in
business; as, tradesmen compete withone another.The rival statesmen, with eyes
fixed on America, were all the whilecompeting for European alliances. Bancroft.
COMPETENTLY,In a competent manner; adequately; suitably.
COMPETIBLE,Compatible; suitable; consistent. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
COMPETITION,The act of seeking, or endevearing to gain, what another isendeavoring
to gain at the same time; common strife for the sameobjects; strife for
superiority; emulous contest; rivalry, as forapprobation, for a prize, or as where
two or more persons are engagedin the same business and each seeking patronage; --
followed by forbefore the object sought, and with before the person or
thingcompeted with.Competition to the crown there is none, nor can be. Bacon.A
portrait, with which one of Titian's could not come incompetititon. Dryden.There is
no competition but for the second place. Dryden.Where competition does not act at
all there is complete monopoly. A.T. Hadley.
COMPETITIVE,Of or pertaining to competition; producing competition;competitory; as,
a competitive examination.
COMPETITORY,Acting in competition; competing; rival.
COMPETITRESS,A woman who competes.
COMPETITRIX,A competitress.
COMPILATOR,Compiler. [Obs.]
COMPILEMENT,Compilation. [R.]
COMPILER,One who compiles; esp., one who makes books by compilation.
COMPINGE,To compress; to shut up. [Obs.] Burton.
COMPLACENT,Self-satisfied; contented; kindly; as, a complacent temper; acomplacent
smile.They look up with a sort of complacent awe . . . to kings. Burke.
COMPLACENTIAL,Marked by, or causing, complacence. [Obs.] "Complacentiallove."
Baxter.
COMPLACENTLY,In a complacent manner.
COMPLAIN,To lament; to bewail. [Obs.]They might the grievance inwardly complain.
Daniel.By chaste Lucrece's soul that late complain'd Her wrongs to us. Shak.
COMPLAINABLE,That may be complained of. [R.] Feltham.
COMPLAINER,One who complains or laments; one who finds fault; a
murmurer.Beattie.Speechless complainer, I will learn thy thought. Shak.
COMPLAINT,A formal allegation or charge against a party made or presentedto the
appropriate court or officer, as for a wrong done or a crimecommitted (in the
latter case, generally under oath); an information;accusation; the initial bill in
proceedings in equity.
COMPLAINTFUL,Full of complaint. [Obs.]
COMPLAISANCE,Disposition to please or oblige; obliging compliance with thewishes of
others; a deportment indicative of a desire to please;courtesy; civility.These
[ladies] . . . are by the just complaisance and gallantry ofour nation the most
powerful part of our people. Addison.They strive with their own hearts and keep
them down, In complaisanceto all the fools in town. Young.
COMPLAISANT,Desirous to please; courteous; obliging; compliant; as, acomplaisant
gentleman.There are to whom my satire seems too bold: Scarce to wise
Petercomplaisant enough. Pope.
COMPLANAR,See Coplanar.
COMPLANATE,Flattened to a level surface. [R.]
COMPLECTED,Complexioned. [Low, New Eng.]
COMPLEMENT,A second quantity added to a given quantity to make equal to athird
given quantity.
COMPLEMENTARY,Serving to fill out or to complete; as, complementary
numbers.Complementary colors. See under Color.-- Complementary angles (Math.), two
angles whose sum is 90°.
COMPLETE,Having all the parts or organs which belong to it or to thetypical form;
having calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil.
COMPLETELY,In a complete manner; fully.
COMPLETEMENT,Act of completing or perfecting; completion. [Obs.] Dryden.
COMPLETENESS,The state of being complete.
COMPLETIVE,Making complete. [R.] J. Harris.
COMPLETORY,Serving to fulfill.Completory of ancient presignifications. Barrow.
COMPLEX,Assemblage of related things; colletion; complication.This parable of the
wedding supper comprehends in it the wholecomplex of all the blessings and
privileges exhibited by the gospel.South.Complex of lines (Geom.), all the possible
straight lines in spacebeing considered, the entire system of lines which satisfy a
singlerelation constitute a complex; as, all the lines which meet a givencurve make
up a complex. The lines which satisfy two relationsconstitute a congruency of
lines; as, the entire system of lines,each one of which meets two given surfaces,
is a congruency.
COMPLEXED,Complex, complicated. [Obs.] "Complexed significations." Sir T.Browne.
COMPLEXEDNESS,The quality or state of being complex or involved;complication.The
complexedness of these moral ideas. Locke.
COMPLEXIONAL,Of or pertaining to constitutional complexion.A moral rather than a
complexional timidity. Burke.
COMPLEXIONALLY,Constitutionally. [R.]Though corruptible, not complexionally
vicious. Burke.
COMPLEXIONARY,Pertaining to the complexion, or to the care of it. Jer.Taylor.
COMPLEXIONED,Having (such) a complexion; -- used in composition; as, a dark-
complexioned or a ruddy-complexioned person.A flower is the best-complexioned
grass, as a pearl is the best-colored clay. Fuller.
COMPLEXLY,In a complex manner; not simply.
COMPLEXNESS,The state of being complex; complexity. A. Smith.
COMPLEXUS,A complex; an aggregate of parts; a complication.
COMPLIABLE,Capable of bending or yielding; apt to yield; compliant.Another
compliable mind. Milton.The Jews . . . had made their religion compliable, and
accemodated totheir passions. Jortin.
COMPLIANCY,Compliance; disposition to yield to others. Goldsmith.
COMPLIANT,Yielding; bending; pliant; submissive. "The compliant boughs."Milton.
COMPLIANTLY,In a compliant manner.
COMPLICACY,A state of being complicate or intricate. Mitford.
COMPLICANT,Overlapping, as the elytra of certain beetles.
COMPLICATE,Folded together, or upon itself, with the fold runninglengthwise.
COMPLICATELY,In a complex manner.
COMPLICATENESS,Complexity. Sir M. Hale.
COMPLICATION,A disease or diseases, or adventitious circumstances orconditions,
coexistent with and modifying a primary disease, but notnecessarily connected with
it.
COMPLICE,An accomplice. [Obs.]To quell the rebels and their complices. Shak.
COMPLICITY,The state of being an accomplice; participation in guilt.
COMPLIER,One who complies, yields, or obeys; one of an easy, yieldytemper. Swift.
COMPLIMENT,An expression, by word or act, of approbation, regard,confidence,
civility, or admiration; a flattering speech orattention; a ceremonious greeting;
as, to send one's compliments to afriend.Tedious waste of time, to sit and hear So
many hollow compliments andlies. Milton.Many a compliment politely penned.
Cowper.To make one a compliment, to show one respect; to praise one in aflattering
way.Locke.-- To make one's compliments to, to offer formal courtesias to.-- To
stand on compliment, to treat with ceremony.
COMPLIMENTAL,Complimentary. [Obs.]Languages . . . grow rich and abundant in
complimental phrases, andsuch froth. Sir H. Wotton.-- Com`pli*men"tal*ly, adv.
[Obs.] Boyle.-- Com`pli*men"tal*ness, n. [Obs.] Hammond.
COMPLIMENTARY,Expressive of regard or praise; of the nature of, orcontaining, a
compliment; as, a complimentary remark; a complimentaryticket. "Complimentary
addresses." Prescott.
COMPLIMENTATIVE,Complimentary. [R.] Boswell.
COMPLIMENTER,One who compliments; one given to complimenting; a flatterer.
COMPLOT,A plotting together; a confederacy in some evil design; aconspiracy.I know
their complot is to have my life. Shak.
COMPLOTMENT,A plotting together. [R.]
COMPLOTTER,One joined in a plot. Dryden.
COMPLUTENSIAN,Of or pertaining to Complutum (now Alcala de Henares) a citynear
Madrid; as, the Complutensian Bible.
COMPLUVIUM,A space left unroofed over the court of a Roman dwelling,through which
the rain fell into the impluvium or cistern.
COMPLY,To infold; to embrace. [Obs.]Seemed to comply, Cloudlike, the daintie
deitie. Herrick.
COMPO,Short for Composition; -- used, esp. in England, colloq. invarious trade
applications; as :(a) A mortar made of sand and cement.(b) A carver's mixture of
resin, whiting, and glue, used instead ofplaster of Paris for ornamenting walls
and cornices.(c) A composition for billiard balls.(d) A preparation of which
printer's rollers are made.(e) A preparation used in currying leather.(f)
Composition paid by a debtor.
COMPONE,To compose; to settle; to arrange. [Obs.]A good pretense for componing
peace. Strype.
COMPONENT,Serving, or helping, to form; composing; constituting;constituent.The
component parts of natural bodies. Sir I. Newton.
COMPORT,Manner of acting; behavior; conduct; deportment. [Obs.]I knew them well,
and marked their rude comport. Dryden.
COMPORTABLE,Suitable; consistent. [Obs.] "Some comportable method." Wotton.
COMPORTANCE,Behavior; comport. [Obs.]Goodly comportance each to other bear.
Spenser.
COMPORTATION,A bringing together. [Obs.] Bp. Richardson.
COMPORTMENT,Manner of acting; behavior; bearing.A graceful comportment of their
bodies. Cowley.Her serious and devout comportment. Addison.
COMPOS-MENTIS,One who is compos mentis. [Colloq.]
COMPOSE,To arrange (types) in a composing stick in order for printing;to set
(type).
COMPOSED,Free from agitation; calm; sedate; quiet; tranquil; self-possessed.The
Mantuan there in sober triumph sate, Composed his posture, andhis look sedate.
Pope.-- Com*pos"ed*ly (, adv.-- Com*pos"ed*ness, n.
COMPOSITAE,A large family of dicotyledonous plants, having their flowersarranged in
dense heads of many small florets and their anthersunited in a tube. The daisy,
dandelion, and asters, are examples.
COMPOSITE,Belonging to a certain order which is composed of the Ionicorder grafted
upon the Corinthian. It is called also the Roman or theItalic order, and is one of
the five orders recognized by the Italianwriters of the sixteenth century. See
Capital.
COMPOSITION,The adjustment of a debt, or avoidance of an obligation, bysome form of
compensation agreed on between the parties; also, thesum or amount of compensation
agreed upon in the adjustment.Compositions for not taking the order of knighthood.
Hallam.Cleared by composition with their creditors. Blackstone.
COMPOSITIVE,Having the quality of entering into composition; compounded.[R.]
COMPOSITOR,One who sets type and arranges it for use.
COMPOSITOUS,Belonging to the Compositæ; composite. [R.] Darwin.
COMPOSSIBLE,Able to exist with another thing; consistent. [R.]Chillingworth.
COMPOST,A mixture for fertilizing land; esp., a composition of varioussubstances
(as muck, mold, lime, and stable manure) thoroughlymingled and decomposed, as in a
compost heap.And do not spread the compost on the weeds To make them ranker. Shak.
COMPOSTURE,Manure; compost. [Obs.] Shak.
COMPOTATION,The act of drinking or tippling together. [R.]The fashion of
compotation. Sir W. Scott.
COMPOTATOR,One who drinks with another. [R.] Pope.
COMPOTE,A preparation of fruit in sirup in such a manner as to preserveits form,
either whole, halved, or quartered; as, a compote of pears.Littr
COMPOTIER,A dish for holding compotes, fruit, etc.
COMPOUND CONTROL,A system of control in which a separate manipulation, as of
arudder, may be effected by either of two movements, in differentdirections, of a
single lever, etc.
COMPOUND,In the East Indies, an inclosure containing a house,outbuildings, etc.
COMPOUNDABLE,That may be compounded.
COMPOUNDER,A Jacobite who favored the restoration of James II, oncondition of a
general amnesty and of guarantees for the security ofthe civil and ecclesiastical
constitution of the realm.
COMPRADOR,A kind of steward or agent. [China] S. W. Williams
COMPRECATION,A praying together. [Obs.] Bp. Wilkins.
COMPREHENSIBILITY,The quality or state of being comprehensible; capability ofbeing
understood.
COMPREHENSIBLENESS,The quality of being comprehensible; comprehensibility.
COMPREHENSION,The complement of attributes which make up the notion signifiedby a
general term.
COMPREHENSIVE,Possessing peculiarities that are characteristic of severaldiverse
groups.
COMPREHENSIVELY,In a comprehensive manner; with great extent of scope.
COMPREHENSIVENESS,The quality of being comprehensive; extensiveness of
scope.Compare the beauty and comprehensiveness of legends on ancient coins.Addison.
COMPREHENSOR,One who comprehends; one who has attained to a full knowledge.
[Obs.]When I shall have dispatched this weary pilgrimage, and from atraveler shall
come to be a comprehensor, farewell faith and welcomevision. Bp. Hall.
COMPRESS,A folded piece of cloth, pledget of lint, etc., used to coverthe dressing
of wounds, and so placed as, by the aid of a bandage, tomake due pressure on any
part.
COMPRESSED YEAST,A cake yeast made by filtering the cells from the liquid inwhich
they are grown, subjecting to heavy pressure, and mixing withstarch or flour.
COMPRESSED,Flattened lengthwise. Compessed air engine, an engine operatedby the
elastic force of compressed air.
COMPRESSIBILITY,The quality of being compressible of being compressible; as,the
compressibility of elastic fluids.
COMPRESSIBLE,Capable of being pressed together or forced into a narrowercompass, as
an elastic or spongy substance.
COMPRESSIBLENESS,The quality of being compressible; compressibility.
COMPRESSION PROJECTILE,A projectile constructed so as to take the grooves of a
rifleby means of a soft copper band firmly attached near its base or,formerly, by
means of an envelope of soft metal. In small arms themodern projectile, having a
soft core and harder jacket, is subjectedto compression throughout the entire
cylindrical part.
COMPRESSION,The act of compressing, or state of being compressed."Compression of
thought." Johnson.
COMPRESSIVE,Compressing, or having power or tendency to compress; as, acompressive
force.
COMPRESSOR,Anything which serves to compress; as:(a) (Anat.) A muscle that
compresses certain parts.(b) (Surg.) An instrument for compressing an artery (esp.,
thefemoral artery) or other part.(c) An apparatus for confining or flattening
between glass plates anobject to be examined with the microscope; -- called
alsocompressorium.(d) (Mach.) A machine for compressing gases; especially, an
aircompressor.
COMPRESSURE,Compression.
COMPRINT,To print surreptitiously a work belonging to another. E.Phillips.
COMPRISAL,The act of comprising or comprehending; a compendium orepitome.A
comprisal . . . and sum of all wickedness. Barrow.
COMPRISE,To comprehend; to include.Comprise much matter in few words.
Hocker.Friendship does two souls in one comprise. Roscommon.
COMPROBATE,To agree; to concur. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
COMPROMISER,One who compromises.
COMPROMISSORIAL,Relating to compromise. [R.] Chalmers.
COMPROVINCIAL,Belonging to, or associated in, the same province. [Obs.] -- n.
COMPSOGNATHUS,A genus of Dinosauria found in the Jurassic formation, andremarkable
for having several birdlike features.
COMPT,Account; reckoning; computation. [Obs.] Shak.
COMPTE RENDU,A report of an officer or agent.
COMPTER,A counter. [Obs.] Shak.
COMPTIBLE,Accountable; responsible; sensitive. [Obs.]I am very comptible even to
the least sinister usage. Shak.
COMPTLY,Neatly. [Obs.] Sherwood.
COMPTOGRAPH,A machine for adding numbers and making a printed record of thesum.
COMPTOMETER,A calculating machine; an arithmometer.
COMPTROL,See Control.
COMPTROLER,A controller; a public officer whose duty it is to examinecertify
accounts.
COMPULSATIVE,Compulsatory. [R.] Shak.
COMPULSATIVELY,By compulsion. [R.]
COMPULSATORY,Operating with force; compelling; forcing; constraininig;resulting
from, or enforced by, compulsion. [R.]To recover of us, by strong hand And terms
compulsatory, thoseforesaid lands. Shak.
COMPULSION,The act of compelling, or the state of being compelled; the actof
driving or urging by force or by physical or moral constraint;subjection to
force.If reasons were as plentiful as blackberries, I would give no man areason
upon compulsion. Shak.With what complusion and laborious flight We sunk thus low.
Milton.
COMPULSIVE,Having power to compel; exercising or applying compulsion.Religion
is . . . inconsistent with all compulsive motives. Sharp.
COMPULSIVELY,By compulsion; by force.
COMPULSORILY,; by force or constraint.
COMPUNCT,Affected with compunction; conscience-stricken. [Obs.]
COMPUNCTIONLESS,Without compunction.
COMPUNCTIOUS,Of the nature of compunction; caused by conscience; attendedwith, or
causing, compunction.That no compunctious vistings of nature Shake my fell purpose.
Shak.
COMPUNCTIOUSLY,With compunction.
COMPUNCTIVE,Sensitive in respect of wrongdoing; conscientious. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
COMPURGATION,The act or practice of justifying or confirming a man'sveracity by the
oath of others; -- called also wager of law. SeePurgation; also Wager of law, under
Wager.
COMPURGATOR,One who bears testimony or swears to the veracity or innocenceof
another. See Purgation; also Wager of law, under Wager.All they who know me . . .
will say they have reason in this matterto be my compurgators. Chillingworth.
COMPURGATORIAL,Relating to a compurgator or to compurgation. "Theircompurgatorial
oath." Milman.
COMPUTABLE,Capable of being computed, numbered, or reckoned.Not easily computable
by arithmetic. Sir M. Hale.
COMPUTE,To determine calculation; to reckon; to count.Two days, as we compute the
days of heaven. Milton.What's done we partly may compute, But know not what's
resisted.Burns.
COMPUTER,One who computes.
COMPUTIST,A computer.
COMRADE,A mate, companion, or associate.And turned my flying comrades to the
charge. J. Baillie.I abjure all roofs, and choose . . . To be a comrade with the
wolfand owl. Shak.
COMRADERY,The spirit of comradeship; comradeship. [R.]"Certainly", said Dunham,
with the comradery of the smoker. W. D.Howells.
COMRADESHIP,The state of being a comrade; intimate fellowship.
COMROGUE,A fellow rogue. [Obs.]
COMTISM,Positivism; the positive philosophy. See Positivism.
COMTIST,A disciple of Comte; a positivist.
CON,Against the affirmative side; in opposition; on the negativeside; -- The
antithesis of pro, and usually in connection with it.See Pro.
CONACRE,To underlet a proportion of, for a single crop; -- said of afarm. [Ireland]
CONARIUM,The pineal gland.
CONATION,The power or act which directs or impels to effort of any kind,whether
muscular or psychical.Of conation, in other words, of desire and will. J. S. Mill.
CONATIVE,Of or pertaining to conation.This division of mind into the three great
classes of the cognitivefaculties, the feelings, . . . and the exertive or conative
powers, .. . was first promulgated by Kant. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONATUS,A natural tendency inherent in a body to develop itself; anattempt; an
effort.What conatus could give prickles to the porcupine or hedgehog, or tothe
sheep its fleece Paley.
CONCATENATE,To link together; to unite in a series or chain, as thingsdepending on
one another.This all things friendly will concatenate. Dr. H. More
CONCATENATION,A series of links united; a series or order of things dependingon
each other, as if linked together; a chain, a succession.The stoics affirmed a
fatal, unchangeable concatenation of causes,reaching even to the illicit acts of
man's will. South.A concatenation of explosions. W. Irving.
CONCAUSE,A joint cause. Fotherby.
CONCAVATION,The act of making concave.
CONCAVE,A curved sheath or breasting for a revolving cylinder or roll.
CONCAVED,Bowed in the form of an arch; -- called also arched.
CONCAVENESS,Hollowness; concavity.
CONCAVITY,A concave surface, or the space bounded by it; the state ofbeing concave.
CONCAVO-CONCAVE,Concave or hollow on both sides; double concave.
CONCAVO-CONVEX,Specifically, having such a combination of concave and convexsides
as makes the focal axis the shortest line between them. SeeIllust. under Lens.
CONCAVOUS,Concave. Abp. potter.-- Con*ca"vous*ly, adv.
CONCEAL,To hide or withdraw from observation; to cover; to cover orkeep from sight;
to prevent the discovery of; to withhold knowledgeof.It is the glory of God to
conceal a thing. Prov. xxv. 2.Declare ye among the nations, . . . publish and
conceal not. Jer. 1.2.He which finds him shall deserve our thanks, . . . He that
concealshim, death. Shak.
CONCEALABLE,Capable of being concealed.
CONCEALED,Hidden; kept from sight; secreted.-- Con*ceal"ed*ly (, adv.--
Con*ceal"ed*ness, n. Concealed weapons (Law), dangerous weaponsso carried on the
person as to be knowingly or willfully concealedfrom sight, -- a practice forbidden
by statute.
CONCEALER,One who conceals.
CONCEALMENT,Suppression of such facts and circumstances as in justice oughtto be
made known. Wharton.
CONCEDE,To yield or make concession.I wished you to concede to America, at a time
when she prayedconcession at our feet. Burke.
CONCEIT,To conceive; to imagine. [Archaic]The strong, by conceiting themselves
weak, are therebly rendered asinactive . . . as if they really were so. South.One
of two bad ways you must conceit me, Either a coward or aflatterer. Shak.
CONCEITEDNESS,The state of being conceited; conceit; vanity. Addison.
CONCEITLESS,Without wit; stupid. [Obs.]Think'st thou I am so shallow, so
conceitless. To be seduced by thyflattery Shak.
CONCEIVABLE,Capable of being conceived, imagined, or understood. "Anyconceivable
weight." Bp. Wilkins.It is not conceivable that it should be indeed that very
person whoseshape and voice it assumed. Atterbury.-- Con*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n.--
Con*ceiv"a*bly, adv.
CONCEIVER,One who conceives.
CONCELEBRATE,To celebrate together. [Obs.] Holland.
CONCENT,To come to one point; to meet in, or converge toward, a commoncenter; to
have a common center.God, in whom all perfections concenter. Bp. Beveridge.
CONCENTRATE,To approach or meet in a common center; to consolidate; as,population
tends to concentrate in cities.
CONCENTRATION,The act or process of removing the dress of ore and of reducingthe
valuable part to smaller compass, as by currents of air or water.
CONCENTRATIVE,Serving or tending to concentrate; characterized byconcentration.A
discrimination is only possible by a concentrative act, or act ofattention. Sir W.
Hamilton.
CONCENTRATIVENESS,The faculty or propensity which has to do with concentratingthe
intellectual the intellectual powers. Combe.
CONCENTRATOR,An apparatus for the separation of dry comminuted ore, byexposing it
to intermittent puffs of air. Knight.
CONCENTRIC,That which has a common center with something else.Its pecular relations
to its concentrics. Coleridge.
CONCENTRICALLY,In a concentric manner.
CONCENTRICITY,The state of being concentric.
CONCENTUAL,Possesing harmony; accordant. [R.] Warton.
CONCEPT,An abstract general conception; a notion; a universal.The words conception,
concept, notion, should be limited to thethought of what can not be represented in
the imagination; as, thethought suggested by a general term. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONCEPTIBILITY,The quality of being conceivable; conceivableness. Cudworth.
CONCEPTIBLE,Capable of being conceived; conceivable. Sir M. Hale.
CONCEPTIONAL,Pertaining to conception.
CONCEPTIONALIST,A conceptualist.
CONCEPTIOUS,Apt to conceive; fruitful. [Obs.] Shak.
CONCEPTIVE,Capable of conceiving. Sir T. Browne
CONCEPTUAL,Pertaining to conception.
CONCEPTUALISM,A theory, intermediate between realism and nominalism, that themind
has the power of forming for itself general conceptions ofindividual or single
objects. Stewart.
CONCEPTUALIST,One who maintains the theory of conceptualism. Stewart.
CONCERN,To be of importance. [Obs.]Which to deny concerns more than avails. Shak.
CONCERNED,Disturbed; troubled; solicitous; as, to be much concerned forthe safety
of a friend.
CONCERNEDLY,In a concerned manner; solicitously; sympathetically.
CONCERNING,Pertaining to; regarding; having relation to; respecting; asregards.I
have accepted thee concerning this thing. Gen. xix. 21.The Lord hath spoken good
concerning Israel. Num. x. 29.
CONCERT OF THE POWERS,An agreement or understanding between the chief
Europeanpowers, the United States, and Japan in 1900 to take only jointaction in
the Chinese aspect of the Eastern Question.
CONCERT,To act in harmony or conjunction; to form combined plans.The ministers of
Denmark were appointed to concert with Talbot. Bp.Burnet
CONCERTANTE,A concert for two or more principal instruments, withorchestral
accompaniment. Also adjectively; as, concertante parts.
CONCERTATION,Strife; contention. [Obs.] Bailey.
CONCERTATIVE,Contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Bailey.
CONCERTED,Mutually contrived or planned; agreed on; as, concertedschemes, signals.
Concerted piece (Mus.), a composition in parts forseveral voices or instrument, as
a trio, a quartet, etc.
CONCERTINA,A small musical imstrument on the principle of the accordion.It is a
small elastic box, or bellows, having free reeds on theinside, and keys and handles
on the outside of each of the twohexagonal heads.
CONCERTINO,A piece for one or more solo instruments with orchestra; --more concise
than the concerto.
CONCERTION,Act of concerting; adjustment. [R.] Young.
CONCERTMEISTER,The head violinist or leader of the strings in an orchestra;the sub-
leader of the orchestra; concert master.
CONCERTO,A composition (usually in symphonic form with three movements)in which one
instrument (or two or three) stands out in bold reliefagainst the orchestra, or
accompaniment, so as to display itsqualities or the performer's skill.
CONCESSION,The beneficiary of a concession or grant.
CONCESSIONARY,Of or pertaining to a concession. -- n.; pl. -ries.
CONCESSIONIST,One who favors concession.
CONCESSIVE,Implying concession; as, a concessive conjunction. Lowth.
CONCESSIVELY,By way of concession.
CONCESSORY,Conceding; permissive.
CONCETTISM,The use of concetti or affected conceits. [R.] C. Kingsley.
CONCETTO,Affected wit; a conceit. Chesterfield.
CONCH,A name applied to various marine univalve shells; esp. to thoseof the genus
Strombus, which are of large size. S. gigas is the largepink West Indian conch. The
large king, queen, and cameo conchs areof the genus Cassis. See Cameo.
CONCHA,The plain semidome of an apse; sometimes used for the entireapse.
CONCHAL,Pertaining to the concha, or external ear; as, the conchalcartilage.
CONCHIFER,One of the Conchifera.
CONCHIFERA,That class of Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells;
theLamellibranchiata. See Mollusca.
CONCHIFEROUS,Producing or having shells.
CONCHIFORM,Shaped like one half of a bivalve shell; shell-shaped.
CONCHININE,See Quinidine.
CONCHITE,A fossil or petrified conch or shell.
CONCHITIC,Composed of shells; containing many shells.
CONCHO-SPIRAL,A kind of spiral curve found in certain univalve shells.Agassiz.
CONCHOID,A curve, of the fourth degree, first made use of by the Greekgeometer,
Nicomedes, who invented it for the purpose of trisecting anangle and duplicating
the cube.
CONCHOIDAL,Having elevations or depressions in form like one half of abivalve
shell; -- applied principally to a surface produced byfracture.
CONCHOLOGICAL,Pertaining to, or connected with, conchology.
CONCHOLOGIST,One who studies, or is versed in, conchology.
CONCHOLOGY,The science of Mollusca, and of the shells which they form;malacology.
CONCHOMETER,An instrument for measuring shells, or the angle of theirspire.
CONCHOMETRY,The art of measuring shells or their curves; conchyliometry.
CONCHYLIOMETRY,Same as Conchometry.
CONCHYLIOUS,Conchylaceous.
CONCIATOR,The person who weighs and proportions the materials to be madeinto glass,
and who works and tempers them.
CONCIERGE,One who keeps the entrance to an edifice, public or private; adoorkeeper;
a janitor, male or female.
CONCILIABLE,A small or private assembly, especially of an ecclesiasticalnature.
[Obs.] Bacon.
CONCILIABULE,An obscure ecclesiastical council; a conciliable. Milman.
CONCILIATE,To win ower; to gain from a state of hostility; to gain thegood will or
favor of; to make friendly; to mollify; to propitiate;to appease.The rapacity of
his father's administration had excited suchuniversal discontent, that it was found
expedient to conciliate thenation. Hallam.
CONCILIATION,The act or process of conciliating; the state of beingconciliated.The
house has gone further; it has declared conciliation admissibleprevious to any
submission on the part of America. Burke.
CONCILIATIVE,Conciliatory. Coleridge.
CONCILIATOR,One who conciliates.
CONCILIATORY,Tending to conciliate; pacific; mollifying; propitiating.The only
alternative, therefore, was to have recourse to theconciliatory policy. Prescott.
CONCINNATE,To place fitly together; to adapt; to clear. [Obs.] Holland.
CONCINNITY,Internal harmony or fitness; mutual adaptation of parts;elegance; --
used chiefly of style of discourse. [R.]An exact concinnity and eveness of fancy.
Howell.
CONCINNOUS,Characterized by concinnity; neat; elegant. [R.]The most concinnous and
most rotund of proffessors, M. Heyne. DeQuiency.
CONCIONATE,To preach. [Obs.] Lithgow.
CONCIONATOR,A common councilman. [Obs.]
CONCIONATORY,Of or pertaining to preaching or public addresses. [Obs.]Howell.
CONCISE,Expressing much in a few words; condensed; brief and compacted;-- used of
style in writing or speaking.The concise style, which expresseth not enough, but
leaves somewhatto be understood. B. Jonson.Where the author is . . . too brief and
concise, amplify a little. I.Watts.
CONCISELY,In a concise manner; briefly.
CONCISENESS,The quality of being concise.
CONCISION,A cutting off; a division; a schism; a faction. South.
CONCITATION,The act of stirring up, exciting, or agitating. [Obs.] "Theconcitation
of humors." Sir T. Browne.
CONCITE,To excite or stir up. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
CONCLAMATION,An outcry or shout of many together. [R.]Before his funeral
conclamation. May (Lucan).
CONCLAVIST,One of the two ecclesiastics allowed to attend a cardinal inthe
conclave.
CONCLUDENCY,Deduction from premises; inference; conclusion. [Obs.] Sir M.Hale.
CONCLUDENT,Bringing to a close; decisive; conclusive. [Obs.]Arguments highly
consequential and concludent to my purpose. Sir M.Hale.
CONCLUDER,One who concludes.
CONCLUDINGLY,Conclusively. [R.] Digby.
CONCLUSIBLE,Demonstrable; determinable. [Obs.] Hammond.
CONCLUSION,The inferred proposition of a syllogism; the necessaryconsequence of the
conditions asserted in two related propositionscalled premises. See Syllogism.He
granted him both the major and minor, but denied him theconclusion. Addison.
CONCLUSIVE,Belonging to a close or termination; decisive; convincing;putting an end
to debate or question; leading to, or involving, aconclusion or decision.Secret
reasons . . . equally conclusive for us as they were for them.Rogers.Conclusive
evidence (Law), that of which, from its nature, the lawallows no contradiction or
explanation.-- Conclusive presumption (Law), an inference which the law makes
soperemptorily that it will not allow it to be overthrown by anycontrary proof,
however strong.
CONCLUSIVELY,In the way of conclusion; decisively; positively. Burke.
CONCLUSIVENESS,The quality of being conclusive; decisiveness.
CONCLUSORY,Conclusive. [R.]
CONCOCTER,One who concocts.
CONCOCTION,Abatement of a morbid process, as a fever and return to anormal
condition. [Obs.]
CONCOCTIVE,Having the power of digesting or ripening; digestive.Hence the
concoctive powers, with various art, Subdue the cruderaliments to chyle. J.
Armstrong.
CONCOLOR,Of the same color; of uniform color. [R.] "Concolor animals."Sir T.
Browne.
CONCOLOROUS,Of the same color throughout.
CONCOMITANT,Accompanying; conjoined; attending.It has pleased our wise Creator to
annex to several objects, as alsoto several of our thoughts, a concomitant
pleasure. Locke.
CONCOMITANTLY,In company with others; unitedly; concurrently. Bp. pearson.
CONCORD BUGGY,A kind of buggy having a body with low sides, and side springs.
CONCORD,Agreement of words with one another, in gender, number, person,or case.
CONCORDABLE,Capable of according; agreeing; harmonious.
CONCORDANCE,Concord; agreement. [Obs.] Aschlam.
CONCORDANCY,Agreement. W. Montagu.
CONCORDANT,Agreeing; correspondent; harmonious; consonant.Were every one employed
in points concordant to their natures,professions, and arts, commonwealths would
rise up of themselves. SirT. Browne
CONCORDANTLY,In a concordant manner.
CONCORDIST,The compiler of a concordance.
CONCORPORATE,To unite in one mass or body; to incorporate. [Archaic.] Jer.Taylor.
CONCORPORATION,Union of things in one mass or body. [R.] Dr. H. More.
CONCREATE,To create at the same time.If God did concreate grace with Adam. Jer.
Taylor.
CONCREMATION,The act of burning different things together. [Obs.]
CONCREMENT,A growing together; the collection or mass formed byconcretion, or
natural union. [Obs.]The concrement of a pebble or flint. Sir M. Hale
CONCRESCENCE,Coalescence of particles; growth; increase by the addition
ofparticles. [R.] Sir W. Raleigh.
CONCRESCIBLE,Capable of being changed from a liquid to a solid state. [Obs.]They
formed a . . . fixed concrescible oil. Fourcroy (Trans. ).
CONCRESCIVE,Growing together, or into union; uniting. [R.] Eclec. Rev.
CONCRETE,A term designating both a quality and the subject in which itexists; a
concrete term.The concretes "father" and "son" have, or might have, the
abstracts"paternity" and "filiety". J. S. Mill.
CONCRETELY,In a concrete manner.
CONCRETENESS,The quality of being concrete.
CONCRETION,A rounded mass or nodule produced by an aggregation of thematerial
around a center; as, the calcareous concretions common inbeds of clay.
CONCRETIONAL,Concretionary.
CONCRETIONARY,Pertaining to, or formed by, concretion or aggregation;producing or
containing concretions.
CONCRETIVE,Promoting concretion. Sir T. Browne.
CONCRETIVELY,In a concrete manner.
CONCRETURE,A mass formed by concretion. [Obs.] Johnson.
CONCREW,To grow together. [Obs.] Spenser.
CONCRIMINATION,A joint accusation.
CONCUBINACY,The practice of concubinage. [Obs.] Strype.
CONCUBINAGE,A plea, in which it is alleged that the woman suing for dowerwas not
lawfully married to the man in whose lands she seeks to beendowed, but that she was
his concubine.
CONCUBINAL,Of or pertaining to concubinage.
CONCUBINARIAN,Concubinary.The married and concubinarian, as well as looser clergy.
Milman.
CONCUBINARY,Relating to concubinage; living in concubinage.
CONCUBINATE,Concubinage. [Obs.] Johnson.
CONCULCATE,To tread or trample under foot. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu --Con`cul*ca"tion (,
n. [Obs.]
CONCUPISCENCE,Sexual lust; morbid carnal passion.Concupiscence like a pestilence
walketh in darkness. Horne.
CONCUPISCENT,Having sexual lust; libidinous; lustful; lecherous; salacious.Johnson.
CONCUPISCENTIAL,Relating to concupiscence. [Obs.] Johnson.
CONCUPISCENTIOUS,Concupiscent. [Obs.]
CONCUPISCIBLENESS,The state of being concupiscible. [Obs.]
CONCUPY,Concupiscence.
CONCURRENCY,Concurrence.
CONCURRENT,Meeting in one point.
CONCURRENTLY,With concurrence; unitedly.
CONCURRENTNESS,The state or quality of being concurrent; concurrence.
CONCURRING,Agreeing. Concurring figure (Geom.), one which, being laid onanother,
exactly meets every part of it, or one which correspondendswith another in all its
parts.
CONCUSS,To force (a person) to do something, or give up something, byintimidation;
to coerce. Wharton.
CONCUSSATION,A violent shock or agitation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CONCUSSION,A condition of lowered functional activity, without visiblestructural
change, produced in an organ by a shock, as by fall orblow; as, a concussion of the
brain.
CONCUSSIVE,Having the power or quality of shaking or agitating. Johnson.
COND,To con, as a ship.
CONDEMN,To doom to be taken for public use, under the right of eminentdomain.
CONDEMNABLE,Worthy of condemnation; blamable; culpable.
CONDEMNATORY,Condemning; containing or imposing condemnation or censure; as,a
condemnatory sentence or decree.
CONDEMNER,One who condemns or censures.
CONDENSABILITY,Capability of being condensed.
CONDENSABLE,Capable of being condensed; as, vapor is condensable.
CONDENSATE,Made dense; condensed.Water . . . thickened or condensate. Peacham.
CONDENSATION,The act or process of reducing, by depression of temperature
orincrease of pressure, etc., to another and denser form, as gas to thecondition of
a liquid or steam to water.
CONDENSATIVE,Having the property of condensing.
CONDENSE,To reduce into another and denser form, as by cold or pressure;as, to
condense gas into a liquid form, or steam into water.Condensed milk, milk reduced
to the consistence of very thick creamby evaporation (usually with addition of
sugar) for preservation andtransportation.-- Condensing engine, a steam engine in
which the steam is condensedafter having exerted its force on the piston.
CONDENSER,An apparatus for receiving and condensing the volatile productsof
distillation to a liquid or solid form, by cooling.
CONDENSIBLE,Capable of being condensed; as, a gas condensible to a liquidby cold.
CONDER,One who watches shoals of fish; a balker. See Balker.
CONDESCEND,Condescension. [Obs.]
CONDESCENDINGLY,In a condescending manner. Atterbury.
CONDESCENSION,The act of condescending; voluntary descent from one's rank ordignity
in intercourse with an inferior; courtesy toward inferiors.It forbids pride . . .
and commands humility, modesty, andcondescension to others. Tillotson.Such a
dignity and condescension . . . as are suitable to a superiornature. Addison.
CONDESCENT,An act of condescension. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CONDIGNITY,Merit, acguired by works, which can claim reward on the scoreof general
benevolence.Such a worthiness of condignity, and proper merit of the heavenlyglory,
cannot be found in any the best, most perfect, and excellentof created beings. Bp.
Bull.
CONDIGNLY,According to merit.
CONDIGNNESS,Agreeableness to deserts; suitableness.
CONDIMENT,Something used to give relish to food, and to gratify thetaste; a
pungment and appetizing substance, as pepper or mustard;seasoning.As for radish and
the like, they are for condiments, and not fornourishment. Bacon.
CONDISCIPLE,A schoolfellow; a fellow-student. [R.]
CONDITE,Preserved; pickled. [Obs.] Burton.
CONDITION,A clause in a contract, or agreement, which has for its objectto suspend,
to defeat, or in some way to modify, the principalobligation; or, in case of a
will, to suspend, revoke, or modify adevise or bequest. It is also the case of a
future uncertain event,which may or may not happen, and on the occurrence or non-
occurrenceof which, the accomplishment, recission, or modification of anobligation
or testamentary disposition is made to depend. Blount.Tomlins. Bouvier. Wharton.
Equation of condition. (Math.) See underEquation.-- On or Upon condition (that),
used for if in introducingconditional sentences. "Upon condition thou wilt swear to
pay himtribute . . . thou shalt be placed as viceroy under him." Shak.-- Conditions
of sale, the terms on which it is proposed to sellproperty by auction; also, the
instrument containing or expressingthese terms.
CONDITIONAL,Expressing a condition or supposition; as, a conditional word,mode, or
tense.A conditional proposition is one which asserts the dependence of
onecategorical proposition on another. Whately.The words hypothetical and
conditional may be . . . usedsynonymously. J. S. Mill.
CONDITIONALITY,The quality of being conditional, or limited; limitation bycertain
terms.
CONDITIONALLY,In a conditional manner; subject to a condition or conditions;not
absolutely or positively. Shak.
CONDITIONATE,Conditional. [Obs.]Barak's answer is faithful, though conditionate.
Bp. Hall.
CONDITIONLY,Conditionally. [Obs.]
CONDITORY,A repository for holding things; a hinding place.
CONDOG,To concur; to agree. [Burlesque]
CONDOLATORY,Expressing condolence. Smart.
CONDOLE,To express sympathetic sorrow; to grieve in sympathy; --followed by
with.Your friends would have cause to rejoice, rather than condole withyou. Sir W.
Temple.
CONDOLENCE,Expression of sympathy with another in sorrow or grief.Their
congratulations and their condolences. Steele.A special mission of condolence.
Macaulay.
CONDOLER,One who condoles.
CONDONATION,Forgiveness, either express or implied, by a husband of hiswife or by a
wife of her husband, for a breach of marital duty, asadultery, with an implied
condition that the offense shall not berepeated. Bouvier. Wharton.
CONDONE,To pardon; to overlook the offense of; esp., to forgive for aviolation of
the marriage law; -- said of either the husband or thewife.
CONDOR,A very large bird of the Vulture family (Sarcorhamphusgryphus), found in the
most elevated parts of the Andes.
CONDOTTIERE,A military adventurer of the fourteenth and fifteenthcenturies, who
sold his services, and those of his followers, to anyparty in any contest.
CONDUCE,To lead or tend, esp. with reference to a favorable ordesirable result; to
contribute; -- usually followed by to or toward.He was sensible how much such a
union would conduce to the happinessof both. Macaulay.The reasons you allege do
more conduce To the hot passion ofdistemper'd blood. Shak.
CONDUCENT,Conducive; tending.Conducent to the good success of this business. Abp.
Laud.
CONDUCIBILITY,The state or quality of being conducible; conducibleness. Bp.Wilkins.
CONDUCIBLE,Conducive; tending; contributing. Bacon.All his laws are in themselves
conducible to the temporal interest ofthem that observe them. Bentley.
CONDUCIBLENESS,Quality of being conducible.
CONDUCIBLY,In a manner to promote. [R.]
CONDUCIVE,Loading or tending; helpful; contributive; tending to promote.However
conducive to the good or our country. Addison.
CONDUCIVENESS,The quality of conducing.
CONDUCT,To serve as a medium for conveying; to transmit, as heat,light,
electricity, etc.
CONDUCTANCE,Conducting power; -- the reciprocal of resistance. A suggestedunit is
the mho, the reciprocal of the ohm.
CONDUCTIBLE,Capable of being conducted.
CONDUCTION,Transmission through, or by means of, a conductor; also,conductivity.
[The] communication [of heat] from one body to another when they arein contact, or
through a homogenous body from particle to particle,constitutes conduction. Amer.
Cyc.
CONDUCTIVE,Having the quality or power of conducting; as, the conductivetissue of a
pistil.The ovarian walls . . . are seen to be distinctly conductive. Goodale(Gray's
Bot. ).
CONDUCTIVITY,The quality or power of conducting, or of receiving andtransmitting,
as, the conductivity of a nerve. Thermal conductivity(Physics), the quantity of
heat that passes in unit time through unitarea of plate whose thickness is unity,
when its opposite facesdiffer in temperature by one degree. J. D. Everett.--
Thermometic conductivity (Physics), the thermal conductivity whenthe unit of heat
employed is the heat required to raise unit volumeof the substance one degree.
CONDUCTOR,The leader or director of an orchestra or chorus.
CONDUCTORY,Having the property of conducting. [R.]
CONDUCTRESS,A woman who leads or directs; a directress.
CONDUIT,A system of electric traction, esp. for light railways, inwhich the
actuating current passes along a wire or rail laid in anunderground conduit, from
which the current is "picked up" by a plowor other device fixed to the car or
electric locomotive. HenceConduit railway.
CONDUPLICATE,Folded lengthwise along the midrib, the upper face beingwithin; --
said of leaves or petals in vernation or æstivation.
CONDUPLICATION,A doubling together or folding; a duplication. [R.]
CONDURANGO,See Cundurango.
CONDURRITE,A variety of the mineral domeykite, or copper arsenide, fromthe Condurra
mine in Cornwall, England.
CONDYLAR,Of or pertaining to a condyle. Condylar foramen (Anat.), aformen in front
of each condyle of the occipital bone; -- sometimescalled the anterior condylar
foramen when a second, or posterior,foramen is present behind the condyle, as often
happens in man.
CONDYLE,A bony prominence; particularly, an eminence at the end of abone bearing a
rounded articular surface; -- sometimes applied alsoto a concave articular surface.
CONDYLOID,Shaped like or pertaining to a condyle.
CONDYLOPOD,An arthropod.
CONE CLUTCH,A friction clutch with conical bearing surfaces.
CONE PULLEY,A pulley for driving machines, etc., having two or more partsor steps
of different diameters; a pulley having a conical shape.
CONE,A solid of the form described by the revolution of a right-angled triangle
about one of the sides adjacent to the right angle; -- called also a right cone.
More generally, any solid having avertical point and bounded by a surface which is
described by astraight line always passing through that vertical point; a
solidhaving a circle for its base and tapering to a point or vertex.
CONE-IN-CONE,Consisting of a series of parallel cones, each made up of
manyconcentric cones closely packed together; -- said of a kind ofstructure
sometimes observed in sedimentary rocks.
CONE-NOSE,A large hemipterous insect of the family Reduviidæ, often foundin houses,
esp. in the southern and western United States. It bitesseverely, and is one of the
species called kissing bugs. It is alsocalled big bedbug.
CONEFLOWER,Any plant of the genus Rudbeckia; -- so called from the cone-shaped disk
of the flower head. Also, any plant of the related generaRatibida and Brauneria,
the latter usually known as purpleconeflower.
CONEINE,See Conine.
CONEY,A rabbit. See Cony.
CONFAB,Familiar talk or conversation. [Colloq.]
CONFABULATE,To talk familiarly together; to chat; to prattle.I shall not ask Jean
Jaques Rousseau If birds confabulate or no.Cowper.
CONFABULATION,Familiar talk; easy, unrestrained, unceremonious
conversation.Friends' confabulations are comfortable at all times, as fire
inwinter. Burton.
CONFABULATORY,Of the nature of familiar talk; in the form of a dialogue.Weever.
CONFALON,One of a fraternity of seculars, also called Penitents.
CONFARREATION,A form of marriage among the Romans, in which an offering ofbread was
made, in presence of the high priest and at least tenwitnesses.
CONFATED,Fated or decreed with something else. [R.] A. Tucker.
CONFECT,A comfit; a confection. [Obs.]At supper eat a pippin roasted and sweetened
with sugar of roses andcaraway confects. Harvey.
CONFECTION,A soft solid made by incorporating a medicinal substance orsubstances
with sugar, sirup, or honey.
CONFECTIONARY,A confectioner. [Obs.]He will take your daughters to be
confectionaries, and to be cooks. 1Sam. viii. 13.
CONFECTIONER,A highly refined sugar in impalpable powder, esp. suited
toconfectioners' uses.
CONFECTORY,Pertaining to the art of making sweetmeats. [Obs.] Beaumont.
CONFECTURE,Same as Confiture. [Obs.]
CONFEDER,To confederate. [Obs.] Sir T. North.
CONFEDERACY,A combination of two or more persons to commit an unlawful act,or to do
a lawful act by unlawful means. See Conspiracy.
CONFEDERATE,Of or pertaining to the government of the eleven SouthernStates of the
United States which (1860-1865) attempted to establishan independent nation styled
the Confederate States of America; as,the Confederate congress; Confederate money.
CONFEDERATER,A confederate.
CONFEDERATIVE,Of or pertaining to a confederation.
CONFEDERATOR,A confederate. Grafton.
CONFER,To have discourse; to consult; to compare views; to deliberate.Festus, when
he had conferred with the council, answered. Acts xxv.12.You shall hear us confer
of this. Shak.
CONFERENCE,A stated meeting of preachers and others, invested withauthority to take
cognizance of ecclesiastical matters.
CONFERENTIAL,Relating to conference. [R.] Clarke.
CONFERRABLE,Capable of being conferred.
CONFERREE,Same as Conferee.
CONFERRER,Closely united by the coalescence, or sticking together, ofcontiguous
faces, as in the case of the cotyledons of the live-oakacorn.
CONFERVA,Any unbranched, slender, green plant of the fresh-water algae.The word is
frequently used in a wider sense.
CONFERVACEOUS,Belonging to the confervae.
CONFERVOID,Like, or related to, the confervae. Loudon.
CONFERVOUS,Pertaining to confervae; consisting of, or resembling, theconfervae.Yon
exiguous pool's confervous scum. O. W. Holmes.
CONFESSANT,One who confesses to a priest. [Obs.] Bacon.
CONFESSARY,One who makes a confession. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CONFESSEDLY,By confession; without denial. [Written also confessly.]
CONFESSER,One who makes a confession.
CONFESSION,The act of disclosing sins or faults to a priest in order toobtain
sacramental absolution.Auricular confession . . . or the private and special
confession ofsins to a priest for the purpose of obtaining his absolution. Hallam.
CONFESSIONAL,The recess, seat, or inclosed place, where a priest sits tohear
confessions; often a small structure furnished with a seat forthe priest and with a
window or aperture so that the penitent who isoutside may whisper into the priest's
ear without being seen by himor heard by others.
CONFESSIONALISM,An exaggerated estimate of the importance of giving full assentto
any particular formula of the Christian faith. Shaff.
CONFESSIONALIST,A priest hearing, or sitting to hear, confession. [R.] Boucher
CONFESSIONARY,A confessional. [Obs.] Johnson.
CONFESSIONIST,One professing a certain faith. Bp. Montagu.
CONFESSORSHIP,The act or state of suffering persecution for religious faith.Our
duty to contend even to confessorship. J. H. Newman.
CONFESTLY,See Cofessedly.
CONFETTI,Bonbons; sweetmeats; confections; also, plaster or paperimitations of, or
substitutes for, bonbons, often used by carnivalrevelers, at weddings, etc.
CONFIDE,To put faith (in); to repose confidence; to trust; -- usuallyfollowed by
in; as, the prince confides in his ministers.By thy command I rise or fall, In thy
protection I confide. Byron.Judge before friendships, then confide till death.
Young.
CONFIDENT,See Confidant. South. Dryden.
CONFIDENTIALLY,In confidence; in reliance on secrecy.
CONFIDENTLY,With confidence; with strong assurance; positively.
CONFIDENTNESS,The quality of being confident.
CONFIDER,One who confides.
CONFIDING,That confides; trustful; unsuspicious.-- Con*fid"ing*ly, adv.--
Con*fid"ing*ness, n.
CONFIGURATE,To take form or position, as the parts of a complex structure;to agree
with a pattern.Known by the name of uniformity; Where pyramids to pyramids
relateAnd the whole fabric doth configurate. Jordan.
CONFIGURATION,Relative position or aspect of the planets; the face of thehoroscope,
according to the relative positions of the planets at anytime.They [astrologers]
undertook . . . to determine the course of a man'scharacter and life from the
configuration of the stars at the momentof his birth. Whewell.
CONFIGURE,To arrange or dispose in a certain form, figure, or shape.Bentley.
CONFINABLE,Capable of being confined, restricted, or limited.Not confinable to any
limits. Bp. Hall.
CONFINE,To restrain within limits; to restrict; to limit; to bound; toshut up; to
inclose; to keep close.Now let not nature's hand Keep the wild flood confined! let
orderdie! Shak.He is to confine himself to the compass of numbers and the slavery
ofrhyme. Dryden.To be confined, to be in childbed.
CONFINELESS,Without limitation or end; boundless. Shak.
CONFINER,One who, or that which, limits or restrains.
CONFINITY,Community of limits; contiguity. [R.] Bailey.
CONFIRM,To administer the rite of confirmation to. See Confirmation, 3.Those which
are thus confirmed are thereby supposed to be fit foradmission to the sacrament.
Hammond.
CONFIRMABLE,That may be confirmed.
CONFIRMANCE,Confirmation. [Obs.]
CONFIRMATION,A rite supplemental to baptism, by which a person is admitted,through
the laying on of the hands of a bishop, to the fullprivileges of the church, as in
the Roman Catholic, the EpiscopalChurch, etc.This ordinance is called confirmation,
because they who duly receiveit are confirmed or strengthened for the fulfillment
of theirChristian duties, by the grace therein bestowed upon them. Hook.
CONFIRMATIVE,Tending confirm or establish. Sherwood.-- Con*firm"a*tive*ly, adv.
CONFIRMATOR,One who, or that which, confirms; a confirmer. Sir T. Browne.
CONFIRMATORY,Serving to confirm; corroborative.A fact confirmatory of the
conclusion. I. Taylor.
CONFIRMEDLY,With confirmation.
CONFIRMEDNESS,A fixed state.
CONFIRMEE,One to whom anuthing is confirmed.
CONFIRMER,One who, or that which, confirms, establishes, or ratifies; onewho
corroborates. Shak.
CONFIRMINGLY,In a confirming manner.
CONFISCABLE,Capable of being confiscated; liable to forfeiture.
CONFISCATE,Seized and appropriated by the government to the public
use;forfeited.Lest that your goods too soon be confiscate. Shak.
CONFISCATION,The act or process of taking property or condemning it to betaken, as
forfeited to the public use.The confiscations following a subdued rebellion.
Hallam.
CONFISCATOR,One who confiscates. Burke.
CONFISCATORY,Effecting confiscation; characterized by confiscations."Confiscatory
and exterminatory periods." Burke.
CONFIT,Same as Comfit. [Obs.]
CONFITENT,One who confesses his sins and faults. [Obs.]
CONFITEOR,A form of prayer in which public confession of sins is made.
CONFITURE,The state or quality of being congenial; natural affinity;adaptation;
suitableness. Sir J. Reynolds.If congeniality of tastes could have made a marriage
happy, thatunion should have been thrice blessed. Motley.
CONFIX,To fix; to fasten. [Obs.] Shak.
CONFIXURE,Act of fastening. [Obs.]
CONFLAGRANT,Burning together in a common flame. [R.] "The conflagrantmass."
Milton.
CONFLAGRATION,A fire extending to many objects, or over a large space; ageneral
burning.
CONFLATE,To blow together; to bring together; to collect; to fusetogether; to join
or weld; to consolidate.
CONFLATION,A blowing together, as of many instruments in a concert, or ofmany fires
in a foundry. [R.] Bacon.
CONFLICTING,Being in conflict or collision, or in opposition;
contending;contradictory; incompatible; contrary; opposing.
CONFLICTIVE,Tending to conflict; conflicting. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONFLUXIBILITY,The tendency of fluids to run together. [R.] Boyle.
CONFLUXIBLE,Inclined to flow or run together. --Con*flux"i*ble*ness, n.
CONFOCAL,Having the same foci; as, confocal quadrics.
CONFORM,Of the same form; similar in import; conformable. Bacon.
CONFORMABLENESS,The quality of being conformable; conformability.
CONFORMABLY,With conformity or in conformity; suitably; agreeably.
CONFORMANCE,Conformity. [R.] Marston.
CONFORMATE,Having the same form. [R.]
CONFORMATOR,An apparatus for taking the conformation of anything, as of thehead for
fitting a hat, or, in craniometry, finding the largesthorizontal area of the head.
CONFORMER,One who conforms; one who complies with established forms ordoctrines.
CONFORMIST,One who conforms or complies; esp., one who conforms to theChurch of
England, or to the Established Church, as distinguishedfrom a dissenter or
nonconformist.
CONFORTATION,The act of strengthening. [Obs.] Bacon.
CONFOUNDEDLY,Extremely; odiously; detestably. [Colloq.] "Confoundedly
sick."Goldsmith.
CONFOUNDEDNESS,The state of being confounded.
CONFOUNDER,One who confounds.
CONFRACT,Broken in pieces; severed. [Obs.]
CONFRAGOSE,Broken; uneven. [Obs.] "Confragose cataracts." Evelyn.
CONFRATERNITY,A society or body of men united for some purpose, or in
someprofession; a brotherhood.
CONFRERE,Fellow member of a fraternity; intimate associate.
CONFRICATION,A rubbing together; friction. [Obs.] Bacon.
CONFRIER,A confrère. [Obs.] Weever.
CONFRONTATION,Act of confronting. H. Swinburne.
CONFRONTE,Same as Affronté.
CONFRONTER,One who confronts.
CONFRONTING,dealing with (a person or problem) directly; taking the bull bythe
horns.Syn. -- braving, coping with, grappling, tackling.[WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
CONFRONTMENT,The act of confronting; the state of being face to face.
CONFUCIAN,Of, or relating to, Confucius, the great Chinese philosopherand teacher.
-- n.
CONFUCIANISM,The political morality taught by Confucius and his disciples,which
forms the basis of the Chinese jurisprudence and education. Itcan hardly be called
a religion, as it does not inculcate the worshipof any god. S. W. Williams.
CONFUCIANIST,A follower of Confucius; a Confucian. S. W. Williams.
CONFUS,Confused, disturbed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CONFUSABILITY,Capability of being confused.
CONFUSABLE,Capable of being confused.
CONFUSE,Mixed; confounded. [Obs.] Baret.
CONFUSEDLY,In a confused manner.
CONFUSEDNESS,A state of confusion. Norris.
CONFUSELY,Confusedly; obscurely. [Obs.]
CONFUSIVE,Confusing; having a tendency to confusion. Bp. Hall.
CONFUTABLE,That may be confuted.
CONFUTANT,One who undertakes to confute. Milton.
CONFUTATION,The act or process of confuting; refutation. "For theedification of
some and the confutation of others." Bp. Horne.
CONFUTATIVE,Adapted or designed to confute. Bp. Warburton
CONFUTE,To overwhelm by argument; to refute conclusively; to prove orshow to be
false or defective; to overcome; to silence.
CONFUTEMENT,Confutation. [Obs.] Milton.
CONFUTER,One who confutes or disproves.
CONG,An abbreviation of Congius.
CONGE,To take leave with the customary civilities; to bow orcourtesy.
CONGEABLE,Permissible; done lawfully; as, entry congeable.
CONGEAL,To grow hard, stiff, or thick, from cold or other causes; tobecome solid;
to freeze; to cease to flow; to run cold; to bechilled.
CONGEALABLE,Capable of being congealed. --Con*geal"a*ble*ness, n.
CONGEALEDNESS,The state of being congealed. Dr. H.More.
CONGEE,See Congé, Conge. [Obs.]
CONGENER,A thing of the same genus, species, or kind; a thing allied innature,
character, or action.
CONGENERACY,Similarity of origin; affinity. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CONGENEROUS,Allied in origin or cause; congeneric; as, congenerousdiseases. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
CONGENIALITY,The state or quality of being congenial; natural affinity;adaptation;
suitableness. Sir J. Reynolds.
CONGENIALIZE,To make congenial. [R.]
CONGENIALLY,In a congenial manner; as, congenially married or employed.
CONGENIALNESS,Congeniality.
CONGENIOUS,Congeneric. [Obs.]
CONGENITAL,Existing at, or dating from, birth; pertaining to one frombirth; born
with one; connate; constitutinal; natural; as, acongenital deformity. See Connate.
CONGENITALLY,In a congenital manner.
CONGENITE,Congenital; connate; inborn. See Congenital. [Obs.]Many conclusions, of
moral and intellectual truths, seem . . . to becongenite with us. Sir M. Hale.
CONGER,The conger eel; -- called also congeree. Conger sea (Zoöl.),the sea eel; a
large species of eel (Conger vulgaris), whichsometimes grows to the length of ten
feet.
CONGERIES,A collection of particles or bodies into one mass; a heap; anaggregation.
CONGEST,To cause an overfullness of the blood vessels (esp. thecapillaries) of an
organ or part.
CONGESTED,Crowded together. Gray.
CONGESTION,Overfullness of the capillary and other blood vessels, etc., inany
locality or organ (often producing other morbid symptoms); localhyperas, arterial
congestion; venous congestion; congestion of thelungs.
CONGESTIVE,Pertaining to, indicating, or attended with, congestion in somepart of
the body; as, a congestive fever.
CONGIARY,A present, as of corn, wine, or oil, made by a Roman emperor tothe
soldiers or the people; -- so called because measured to each ina congius. Addison.
CONGIUS,A liquid measure containing about three quarts.
CONGLACIATE,To turn to ice; to freeze. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CONGLACIATION,The act or process of changing into ice, or the state of
beingconverted to ice; a freezing; congelation; also, a frost. Bacon.
CONGLOBATE,Collected into, or forming, a rounded mass or ball; as, theconglobate
[lymphatic] glands; conglobate flowers.
CONGLOBE,To gather into a ball; to collect into a round mass.Then founded, then
conglobed Like things to like. Milton.
CONGLOBULATE,To gather into a small round mass.
CONGLOMERATE,Closely crowded together; densly clustered; as, conglomerateflowers.
Gray.
CONGLOMERATION,The act or process of gathering into a mass; the state of beingthus
collected; collection; accumulation; that which isconglomerated; a mixed mass.
Bacon.
CONGLUTIN,A variety of vegetable casein, resembling legumin, and found inalmonds,
rye, wheat, etc.
CONGLUTINANT,Cementing together; uniting closely; causing to adhere;promoting
healing, as of a wound or a broken bone, by adhesion of theparts.
CONGLUTINATE,Glued together; united, as by some adhesive substance.
CONGLUTINATION,A gluing together; a joining by means of some tenacioussubstance;
junction; union.Conglutination of parts separated by a wound. Arbuthnot.
CONGLUTINATIVE,Conglutinant.
CONGO GROUP,A group of artificial dyes with an affinity for vegetablefibers, so
that no mordant is required. Most of them are azocompounds derived from benzidine
or tolidine. Called also benzidinedyes.
CONGO RED,An artificial red dye from which the Congo group received itsname. It is
also widely used either in aqueous solution or as testpaper (Congo paper) for the
detection of free acid, which turns itblue.
CONGO SNAKE,An amphibian (Amphiuma means) of the order Urodela, found inthe
southern United States. See Amphiuma.
CONGRATULANT,Rejoicing together; congratulatory.With like joy Congratulant
approached him. Milton.
CONGRATULATE,To address with expressions of sympathetic pleasure on accountof some
happy event affecting the person addressed; to wish joy to.It is the king's most
sweet pleasure and affection to congratulatethe princess at her pavilion. Shak.To
congratulate one's self, to rejoice; to feel satisfaction; toconsider one's self
happy or fortunate.
CONGRATULATION,The act of congratulating; an expression of sympatheticpleasure.With
infinite congratulations for our safe arrival. Dr. J. Scott.
CONGRATULATOR,One who offers congratulation. Milton.
CONGRATULATORY,Expressive of sympathetic joy; as, a congratulatory letter.
CONGREE,To agree. [bs.] Shak.
CONGREET,To salute mutually. [Obs.]
CONGREGATE,Collected; compact; close. [R.] Bacon.
CONGREGATION,The whole body of the Jewish people; -- called alsoCongregation of the
Lord.It is a sin offering for the congregation. Lev. iv. 21.
CONGREGATIONALIST,One who belongs to a Congregational church or society; one
whoholds to Congregationalism.
CONGRESSION,A coming or bringing together, as in a public meeting, in adispute, in
the act of comparing, or in sexual intercourse. [R.] Jer.Taylor.
CONGRESSIONAL,Of or pertaining to a congress, especially, to the Congress ofthe
United States; as, congressional debates.Congressional and official labor. E.
Everett.Congressional District, one of the divisions into which a State
isperiodically divided (according to population), each of which isentitled to elect
a Representative to the Congress of the UnitedStates.
CONGRESSIVE,Encountering, or coming together. Sir T. Browne.
CONGRESSMAN,A member of the Congress of the United States, esp. of theHouse of
Representatives.
CONGREVE ROCKET,See under Rocket.
CONGRUE,To agree; to be suitable. [Obs.] Shak.
CONGRUENCE,Suitableness of one thing to another; agreement; consistency.Holland.
CONGRUENCY,Congruence. Congruency of lines. (Geom.) See Complex of lines,under
Complex, n.
CONGRUENT,Possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding.The congruent and
harmonious fitting of parts in a sentence. B.Jonson.Congruent figures (Geom.),
concurring figures.
CONGRUISM,See Congruity.
CONGRUITY,Coincidence, as that of lines or figures laid over one another.
CONGRUOUS,Suitable or concordant; accordant; fit; harmonious;correspondent;
consistent.Not congruous to the nature of epic poetry. Blair.It is no ways
congruous that God should be always frightening meninto an acknowledgment of the
truth. Atterbury.
CONGRUOUSLY,In a congruous manner.
CONHYDRINE,A vegetable alkaloid found with conine in the poison hemlock(Conium
maculatum). It is a white crystalline substance, C8H17NO,easily convertible into
conine.
CONIA,Same as Conine.
CONIC,A conic section.
CONICALITY,Conicalness.
CONICALLY,In the form of a cone.
CONICALNESS,State or quality of being conical.
CONICO-,A combining form, meaning somewhat resembling a cone; as,conico-
cylindrical, resembling a cone and a cylinder; conico-hemispherical; conico-
subulate.
CONICOID,Same as Conoidal.
CONIDIUM,A peculiar kind of reproductive cell found in certain fungi,and often
containing zoöspores.
CONIFER,A tree or shrub bearing cones; one of the order Coniferae,which includes
the pine, cypress, and (according to some) the yew.
CONIFERIN,A glucoside extracted from the cambium layer of coniferoustrees as a
white crystalline substance.
CONIFORM,Cone-shaped; conical.
CONIINE,See Conine.
CONIMENE,Same as Olibene.
CONINE,A powerful and very poisonous vegetable alkaloid found in thehemlock (Conium
maculatum) and extracted as a colorless oil, C8H17N,of strong repulsive odor and
acrid taste. It is regarded as aderivative of piperidine and likewise of one of the
collidines. Itoccasions a gradual paralysis of the motor nerves. Called
alsoconiine, coneine, conia, etc. See Conium, 2.
CONIROSTER,One of the Conirostres.
CONIROSTRAL,Belonging to the Conirostres.
CONIROSTRES,A tribe of perching birds, including those which have a strongconical
bill, as the finches.
CONISOR,See Cognizor.
CONISTRA,Originally, a part of the palestra, or gymnasium among theGreeks; either
the place where sand was stored for use in sprinklingthe wrestlers, or the
wrestling ground itself. Hence, a part of theorchestra of the Greek theater.
CONITE,A magnesian variety of dolomite.
CONIUM,A genus of biennial, poisonous, white-flowered, umbelliferousplants, bearing
ribbed fruit ("seeds") and decompound leaves.
CONJECT,To throw together, or to throw. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu.
CONJECTOR,One who guesses or conjectures. [Obs.]A great conjector at other men by
their writings. Milton.
CONJECTURABLE,Capable of being conjectured or guessed.
CONJECTURAL,Dependent on conjecture; fancied; imagined; guessed at;undetermined;
doubtful.And mak'st conjectural fears to come into me. Shak.A slight expense of
conjectural analogy. Hugh Miller.Who or what such editor may be, must remain
conjectural. Carlyle.
CONJECTURALIST,A conjecturer. [R.] Month. rev.
CONJECTURALLY,That which depends upon guess; guesswork. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
CONJECTURE,An opinion, or judgment, formed on defective or presumptiveevidence;
probable inference; surmise; guess; suspicion.He [Herodotus] would thus have
corrected his first loose conjectureby a real study of nature. Whewell.Conjectures,
fancies, built on nothing firm. Milton.
CONJECTURER,One who conjectures. Hobbes.
CONJOIN,To join together; to unite.The English army, that divided was Into two
parties, is now conjoinedin one. Shak.If either of you know any inward impediment
why you should not beconjoined. Shak.Let that which he learns next be nearly
conjoined with what he knowsalready. Locke.
CONJOINED,Joined together or touching.
CONJOINT,United; connected; associated. "Influence conjoint." Glover.Conjoint
degrees (Mus.), two notes which follow each otherimmediately in the order of the
scale, as ut and re. Johnson.Conjoint tetrachords (Mus.), two tetrachords or
fourths, where thesame note is the highest of one and the lowest of the other; --
alsowritten conjunct.
CONJOINTLY,In a conjoint manner; untitedly; jointly; together. Sir T.Browne.
CONJOINTNESS,The qquality of being conjoint.
CONJUBILANT,Shouting together for joy; rejoicing together. [R.] Neale.
CONJUGAL,Belonging to marriage; suitable or appropriate to the marriagestate or to
married persons; matrimonial; connubial. "Conjugalaffection." Milton.
CONJUGALITY,The conjugal state; sexual intercourse. [R.] Milton.
CONJUGALLY,In a conjugal manner; matrimonially; connubially.
CONJUGATE,In single pairs; coupled.
CONJUGATION,A kind of sexual union; -- applied to a blending of thecontents of two
or more cells or individuals in some plants and loweranimals, by which new spores
or germs are developed.
CONJUGATIONAL,relating to conjugation. Ellis.
CONJUGIAL,Conjugal. [R.] Swedenborg.
CONJUGIUM,The marriage tie.
CONJUNCT,Same as Conjoined.
CONJUNCTION,The meeting of two or more stars or planets in the same degreeof the
zodiac; as, the conjunction of the moon with the sun, or ofJupiter and Saturn. See
the Note under Aspect, n., 6.
CONJUNCTIONAL,Relating to a conjunction.
CONJUNCTIVA,The mucous membrane which covers the external surface of theball of the
eye and the inner surface of the lids; the conjunctivalmembrance.
CONJUNCTIVAL,Of or pertaining to the conjunctiva.
CONJUNCTIVELY,In conjunction or union; together. Sir T. Browne.
CONJUNCTIVENESS,The state or quality of being conjunctive. Johnson.
CONJUNCTIVITIS,Inflammation of the conjunctiva.
CONJUNCTLY,In union; conjointly; unitedly; together. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONJURATOR,One who swears or is sworn with others; one bound by oath withothers; a
compurgator. Burrill.
CONJURE,To call on or summon by a sacred name or in solemn manner; toimplore
earnestly; to adjure.I conjure you, let him know, Whate'er was done against him,
Cato didit. Addison.
CONJUREMENT,Serious injunction; solemn demand or entreaty. [Obs.] Milton.
CONJURER,One who conjures; one who calls, entreats, or charges in asolemn manner.
CONJUROR,One bound by a common cath with others. [Obs.]
CONJURY,The practice of magic; enchantment. Motley.
CONN,See Con, to direct a ship.
CONNASCENT,Born together; produced at the same time. Craig.
CONNATE,Congenitally united; growing from one base, or united at theirbases; united
into one body; as, connate leaves or athers. SeeIllust. of Connate-perfoliate.
CONNATE-PERFOLIATE,Connate or coalescent at the base so as to produce a
broadfoliaceous body through the center of which the stem passes; --applied to
leaves, as the leaves of the boneset.
CONNATION,Connection by birth; natural union. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CONNATURALITY,Participation of the same nature; natural union or connection.[R.]A
congruity and connaturality between them. Sir M. Hale.
CONNATURALIZE,To bring to the same nature as something else; to adapt. [Obs.]Dr. J.
Scott.
CONNATURALLY,By the act of nature; originally; from birth. Sir M. Hale.
CONNATURALNESS,Participation of the same nature; natural union. I. Walton.
CONNATURE,Participation in a common nature or character. [R.]Connature was defined
as likeness in kind between either two changesin consciousness, or two states of
consciousness. H. Spencer.
CONNECT,To join, unite, or cohere; to have a close relation; as, oneline of
railroad connects with another; one argument connect withanother.
CONNECTEDLY,In a connected manner.
CONNECTIVE,Connecting, or adapted to connect; involving connection.Connection
tissue (Anat.) See Conjunctive tissue, under Conjunctive.
CONNECTIVELY,In connjunction; jointly.
CONNECTOR,One who, or that which, connects; as:(a) A flexible tube for connecting
the ends of glass tubes inpneumatic experiments.(b) A device for holding two parts
of an electrical conductor incontact.
CONNER,A marine European fish (Crenilabrus melops); also, the relatedAmerican
cunner. See Cunner.
CONNEX,To connect. Sir M. Hale.
CONNEXION,Connection. See Connection.
CONNEXIVE,See Connective.
CONNING TOWER,The shotproof pilot house of a war vessel.
CONNIVANCE,Corrupt or guilty assent to wrongdoing, not involving
actualparticipation in, but knowledge of, and failure to prevent or opposeit.
CONNIVE,To shut the eyes to; to overlook; to pretend not to see. [R. &Obs.]
"Divorces were not connived only, but with eye open allowed."Milton.
CONNIVENCY,Connivance. [Obs.]
CONNIVENT,Brought close together; arched inward so that the points meet;converging;
in close contact; as, the connivent petals of a flower,wings of an insect, or folds
of membrane in the human system, etc.
CONNIVER,One who connives.
CONNOISSEUR,One well versed in any subject; a skillful or knowing person; acritical
judge of any art, particulary of one of the fine arts.The connoisseur is "one who
knows," as opposed to the dilettant, whoonly "thinks he knows." Fairholt.
CONNOISSEURSHIP,State of being a connoisseur.
CONNOTATE,To connote; to suggest or designate (something) as additional;to include;
to imply. Hammond.
CONNOTATION,The act of connoting; a making known or designating
somethingadditional; implication of something more than is asserted.
CONNOTATIVE,Implying an attribute. See Connote. Connotative term, one whichdenotes
a subject and implies an attribute. J. S. Mill.
CONNOTATIVELY,In a connotative manner; expressing connotation.
CONNOTE,To imply as an attribute.The word "white" denotes all white things, as
snow, paper, the foamof the sea, etc., and ipmlies, or as it was termed by the
schoolmen,connotes, the attribute "whiteness." J. S. Mill.
CONNUBIAL,Of or pertaining to marriage, or the marriage state; conjugal;nuptial.Nor
Eve the rites Mysterious of connubial love refused. Milton.Kind, connubial
tenderness. Goldsmith.
CONNUBIALITY,The quality of being connubial; something characteristics ofthe
conjugal state; an expression of connubial tenderness.Some connubialities which had
begun to pass between Mr. and Mrs. B.Dickens.
CONNUMERATION,A reckoning together. [R.] Porson.
CONNUSANCE,See Cognizance. [Obs.]
CONNUSANT,See Cognizant. [Obs.]
CONNUSOR,See Cognizor. [Obs.]
CONNUTRITIOUS,Nutritious by force of habit; -- said of certain kinds of food.[Obs.]
Crabb.
CONNY,Brave; fine; canny. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
CONODONT,A peculiar toothlike fossil of many forms, found especially
incarboniferous rocks. Such fossils are supposed by some to be theteeth of
marsipobranch fishes, but they are probably the jaws ofannelids.
CONOID,, Resembling a cone; conoidal.
CONOIDAL,Nearly, but not exactly, conical. Lindley.
CONOMINEE,One nominated in conjunction with another; a joint nominee.Kirby.
CONQUADRATE,To bring into a square. [R.] Ash.
CONQUASSATE,To shake; to agitate. [Obs.] Harvey.-- Con`quas*sa"tion, n. [Obs.]
CONQUER,To gain the victory; to overcome; to prevail.He went forth conquering and
to conquer. Rev. vi. 2.The champions resolved to conquer or to die. Waller.
CONQUERABLE,Capable of being conquered or subdued. South.-- Con"quer*a*ble*ness, n.
CONQUERESS,A woman who conquers. Fairfax.
CONQUEROR,One who conquers. The Conqueror (Eng. Hist.). William theNorman (1027-
1067) who invaded England, defeated Harold in the battleof Hastings, and was
crowned king, in 1066.
CONQUEST,The acquiring of property by other means than by inheritance;acquisition.
Blackstone.
CONQUIAN,A game for two, played with 40 cards, in which each playertries to form
three or four of a kind or sequences.
CONSANGUINEAL,Of the same blood; related by birth. Sir T. Browne.
CONSANGUINED,Of kin blood; related. [R.] Johnson.
CONSANGUINEOUS,Of the same blood; related by birth; descended from the sameparent
or ancestor. Shak.
CONSANGUINITY,The relation of person by blood, is distinction from affinityor
relation by marriage; blood relationship; as, linealconsanguinity; collateral
consanguinity.Invoking aid by the ties of consanguinity. Prescott.
CONSARCINATION,A patching together; patchwork. [Obs.] Bailey.
CONSCIENCED,Having a conscience. [R.] "Soft-conscienced men." Shak.
CONSCIENCELESS,Without conscience; indifferent to conscience;
unscrupulous.Conscienceless and wicked patrons. Hookre.
CONSCIENT,Conscious. [R.] Bacon.
CONSCIENTIOUSLY,In a conscientious manner; as a matter of conscience;
hence;faithfully; accurately; completely.
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS,The quality of being conscientious; a scrupulous regard to
thedictates of conscience.
CONSCIONABLE,Governed by, or according to, conscience; reasonable; just.Let my
debtors have conscionable satisfaction. Sir H. Wotton.
CONSCIONABLENESS,The quality of being conscionable; reasonableness. Johnson.
CONSCIONABLY,Reasonably; justly.
CONSCIOUSLY,In a conscious manner; with knowledge of one's own mentaloperations or
actions.
CONSCRIBE,To enroll; to enlist. [Obs.] E. Hall.
CONSCRIPT,Enrolled; written; registered. Conscript fathers (Rom. Antiq.),the
senators of ancient Rome. When certain new senators were firstenrolled with the
"fathers" the body was called Patres et Conscripti;afterward all were called Patres
conscripti.
CONSCRIPTION,Belonging to, or of the nature of, a conspiration.
CONSECRATE,Consecrated; devoted; dedicated; sacred.They were assembled in that
consecrate place. Bacon.
CONSECRATER,Consecrator.
CONSECRATION,The act or ceremony of consecrating; the state of beingconsecrated;
dedication.Until the days of your consecration be at an end. Lev. viii.
33.Consecration makes not a place sacred, but only solemny declares itso. South.
CONSECRATOR,One who consecrates; one who performs the rites by which aperson or
thing is devoted or dedicated to sacred purposes. [Writtenalso consecrater.]
CONSECRATORY,Of or pertaining to the act of consecration; dedicatory.The
consecratory prayer. Bp. Burnet.
CONSECTANEOUS,Following as a matter of course. Blount.
CONSECTARY,Following by consequence; consequent; deducible. [R.]"Consectary
impieties." Sir T. Browne.
CONSECUTE,To follow closely; to endeavor to overtake; to pursue. [Obs.]Bp. Burnet.
CONSECUTIVE,Having similarity of sequence; -- said of certain parallelprogressions
of two parts in a piece of harmony; as, consecutivefifths, or consecutive octaves,
which are forbidden. Consecutivechords (Mus.), chords of the same kind suceeding
one another withoutinterruption.
CONSECUTIVELY,In a consecutive manner; by way of sequence; successively.
CONSECUTIVENESS,The state or quality of being consecutive.
CONSENSION,Agreement; accord. Bentley.
CONSENSUAL,Existing, or made, by the mutual consent of two or moreparties.
CONSENSUS,Agreement; accord; consent.That traditional consensus of society which we
call public opinion.Tylor.
CONSENT,To grant; to allow; to assent to; to admit. [Obs.]Interpreters . . . will
not consent it to be a true story. Milton.
CONSENTANEITY,Mutual agreement. [R.]
CONSENTANEOUS,Consistent; agreeable; suitable; accordant to;
harmonious;concurrent.A good law and consentaneous to reason. Howell.--
Con`sen*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv.-- Con`sen*ta"ne*ous*ness, n.
CONSENTANT,Consenting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CONSENTER,One who consents.
CONSENTIENT,Agreeing in mind; accordant.The consentient judgment of the church. Bp.
Pearson.
CONSENTINGLY,With consent; in a compliant manner. Jer. Taylor.
CONSEQUENCE,A proposition collected from the agreement of other
previouspropositions; any conclusion which results from reason or
argument;inference.
CONSEQUENCING,Drawing inference. [R.] Milton.
CONSEQUENT,Following by necessary inference or rational deduction; as, aproposition
consequent to other propositions. Consequent points,Consequent poles (Magnetism), a
number of poles distributed undercertain conditions, along the axis of a magnetized
steel bar, whichregularly has but the two poles at the extremities.
CONSEQUENTIALNESS,The quality of being consequential.
CONSEQUENTLY,By consequence; by natural or logical sequence or connection.
CONSERTION,Junction; adaptation [R.]Consertion of design, how exquisite. Young.
CONSERVABLE,Capable of being preserved from decay or injury.
CONSERVANCY,Conservation, as from injury, defilement, or irregular use.[An act was]
passed in 1866, for vesting in the Conservators of theRiver Thames the conservancy
of the Thames and Isis. Mozley & W.
CONSERVANT,Having the power or quality of conservation.
CONSERVATION,The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting; the keeping (ofa
thing) in a safe or entire state; preservation.A step necessary for the
conservation of Protestantism. Hallam.A state without the means of some change is
without the means of itsconservation. Burke.Conservation of areas (Astron.), the
principle that the radius vectordrawn from a planet to the sun sweeps over equal
areas in equaltimes.-- Conservation of energy, or Conservation of force (Mech.),
theprinciple that the total energy of any material system is a quantitywhich can
neither be increased nor diminished by any action betweenthe parts of the system,
though it may be transformed into any of theforms of which energy is susceptible.
Clerk Maxwell.
CONSERVATIONAL,Tending to conserve; preservative.
CONSERVATISM,The disposition and tendency to preserve what is
established;opposition to change; the habit of mind; or conduct, of aconservative.
CONSERVATIVE,A member of the Conservative party.
CONSERVATIVENESS,The quality of being conservative.
CONSERVATOIRE,A public place of instruction in any special branch, esp. musicand
the arts. [See Conservatory, 3].
CONSERVATORY,Having the quality of preserving from loss, decay, or injury.
CONSERVATRIX,A woman who preserves from loss, injury, etc.
CONSERVE,A medicinal confection made of freshly gathered vegetablesubstances mixed
with finely powdered refined sugar. See Confection.
CONSERVER,One who conserves.
CONSIDERABLENESS,Worthiness of consideration; dignity; value; size; amount.
CONSIDERABLY,In a manner or to a degree not trifling or unimportant;greatly;
much.The breeds . . . differ considerably from each other. Darwin.
CONSIDERANCE,Act of considering; consideration. [Obs.] Shak.
CONSIDERATION,The cause which moves a contracting party to enter into anagreement;
the material cause of a contract; the price of astripulation; compensation;
equivalent. Bouvier.
CONSIDERATIVE,Considerate; careful; thoughtful. [Archaic]I love to be
considerative. B. Jonson.
CONSIDERATOR,One who considers. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CONSIDERER,One who considers; a man of reflection; a thinker. Milton.
CONSIDERINGLY,With consideration or deliberation.
CONSIGN,To send or address (by bill of lading or otherwise) to an agentor
correspondent in another place, to be cared for or sold, or forthe use of such
correspondent; as, to cosign a cargo or a ship; toset apart.
CONSIGNATARY,A consignee. [Obs.] Jenkins.
CONSIGNATORY,One of several that jointly sign a written instrument, as atreaty.
Fallows.
CONSIGNATURE,Joint signature. [R.] Colgrave.
CONSIGNEE,The person to whom goods or other things are consigned; afactor; --
correlative to consignor.Consigner and consignee are used by merchants to express
generallythe shipper of merchandise, and the person to whom it is addressed,by bill
of lading or otherwise. De Colange.
CONSIGNER,One who consigns. See Consignor.
CONSIGNIFICANT,Having joint or equal signification; synonymous. [R.] Spelman.
CONSIGNIFICATION,Joint signification. [R.]
CONSIGNIFICATIVE,Consignificant; jointly significate. [R.]
CONSIGNIFY,To signify or denote in combination with something else.The cipher . . .
only serves to connote and consignify, and to changethe value or the figures. Horne
Tooke.
CONSIGNMENT,The act of consigning or sending property to an agent orcorrespondent
in another place, as for care, sale, etc.
CONSIGNOR,One who consigns something to another; -- opposed to consignee.[Written
also consigner.]
CONSILIENCE,Act of concurring; coincidence; concurrence.The consilience of
inductions takes place when one class of factscoincides with an induction obtained
from another different class.Whewell.
CONSISTENTLY,In a consistent manner.
CONSISTORIAL,Of or pertaining to a consistory. "Consistorial laws."
Hooker."Consistorial courts." Bp. Hoadley.
CONSISTORIAN,Pertaining to a Presbyterian consistory; -- a contemptuous termof 17th
century controversy.You fall next on the consistorian schismatics; for so you
callPresbyterians. Milton.
CONSISTORY,The spiritual court of a diocesan bishop held before hischancellor or
commissioner in his cathedral church or elsewhere.Hook.
CONSOCIATE,An associate; an accomplice. [Archaic] "Wicked consociates."Bp. Hall.
CONSOCIATIONAL,Of or pertaining to a consociation. [U.S.]
CONSOL,A consolidated annuity (see Consols); -- chiefly in combinationor
attributively.
CONSOLABLE,Capable of receiving consolation.
CONSOLATE,To console; to comfort. [Obs.] Shak.
CONSOLATION,The act of consoling; the state of being consoled; allevationof misery
or distress of mind; refreshment of spirit; comfort; thatwhich consoles or comforts
the spirit.Against such cruelties With inward consolations recompensed. Milton.Are
the consolations of God small with thee Job xv. 11.
CONSOLATO DEL MARE,A collection of maritime laws of disputed origin, supposed
tohave been first published at Barcelona early in the 14th century. Ithas formed
the basis of most of the subsequent collections ofmaritime laws. Kent. Bouvier.
CONSOLATOR,One who consoles or comforts. Johnson.
CONSOLATORY,Of a consoling or comforting nature.The punishment of tyrants is a
noble and awful act of justice; and ithas with truth been said to be consolatory to
the human mind. Burke.
CONSOLE,To cheer in distress or depression; to alleviate the grief andraise the
spirits of; to relieve; to comfort; to soothe.And empty heads console with empty
sound. Pope.I am much consoled by the reflection that the religion of Christ
hasbeen attacked in vain by all the wits and philosophers, and itstriumph has been
complete. P. Henry.
CONSOLER,One who gives consolation.
CONSOLIDANT,Serving to unite or consolidate; having the quality ofconsolidating or
making firm.
CONSOLIDATE,Formed into a solid mass; made firm; consolidated. [R.]A gentleman
[should learn to ride] while he is tender and the brawnsand sinews of his thighs
not fully consolidate. Elyot.
CONSOLIDATED,Having a small surface in proportion to bulk, as in the
cactus.Consolidated plants are evidently adapted and designed for very dryregions;
in such only they are found. Gray.The Consolidated Fund, a British fund formed by
consolidating (in1787) three public funds (the Aggregate Fund, the General Fund,
andthe South Sea Fund). In 1816, the larger part of the revenues ofGreat Britian
and Ireland was assigned to what has been known as theConsolidated Fund of the
United Kingdom, out of which are paid theinterest of the national debt, the
salaries of the civil list, etc.
CONSOLIDATION,To organic cohesion of different circled in a flower; adnation.
CONSOLIDATIVE,Tending or having power to consolidate; healing.
CONSOLING,Adapted to console or comfort; cheering; as, this is consolingnews.
CONSOLS,The leading British funded government security.
CONSOMME,A clear soup or bouillion boiled down so as to be very rich.
CONSONANT,harmonizing together; accordant; as, consonant tones, consonantchords.
CONSONANTAL,,
CONSONANTIZE,To change into, or use as, a consonant. "The vowel isconsonantized,
that is, made closer in position." Peile.
CONSONANTLY,In a consonant, consistent, or congruous manner; agreeably.
CONSONANTNESS,The quality or condition of being consonant, agreeable, orconsistent.
CONSONOUS,Agreeing in sound; symphonious.
CONSOPIATION,The act of sleeping, or of lulling, to sleep. [Obs.] Pope.
CONSOPITE,Lulled to sleep. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CONSORT,A ship keeping company with another.
CONSORTABLE,Suitable for association or companionship. [Obs.] Sir H.Wotton.
CONSORTION,Fellowship; association; companionship. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CONSORTSHIP,The condition of a consort; fellowship; partnership. Hammond.
CONSOUND,A name applied loosely to several plants of different genera,esp. the
comfrey.
CONSPECIFIC,Of the same species.
CONSPECTUITY,The faculty of seeing; sight; eye.
CONSPECTUS,A general sketch or outline of a subject; a synopsis; anepitome.
CONSPERSION,The act of sprinkling. [Obs.]The conspersion washing the doorposts.
Jer. Taylor.
CONSPICUITY,The state or quality of being clear or bright;
brightness;conspicuosness. [R.] Chapman.
CONSPIRACY,An agreement, manifesting itself in words or deeds, by whichtwo or more
persons confederate to do an unlawful act, or to useunlawful to do an act which is
lawful; confederacy.
CONSPIRANT,Engaging in a plot to commit a crime; conspiring. [Obs.] Shak.
CONSPIRATION,Agreement or concurrence for some end or purpose; conspiracy.[R.]As
soon as it was day, certain Jews made a conspiration. Udall.In our natural body
every part has a nacassary sympathy with everyother, and all together form, by
their harmonious onspiration, ahealthy whole. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONSPIRATOR,One who engages in a conspiracy; a plotter. 2 Sam. xv. 31.
CONSPIRE,To plot; to plan; to combine for.Angry clouds conspire your overthrow. Bp.
Hall.
CONSPIRER,One who conspires; a conspirator.
CONSPIRINGLY,In the manner of a conspirator; by conspiracy. Milton.
CONSPISSATION,A making thick or viscous; thickness; inspissation. [R.] Dr. H.More.
CONSPURCATE,To pollute; to defile. [Obs.] Cockeram.
CONSPURCATION,This act of defiling; defilement; pollution. Bp. Hall.
CONSTABLE,An officer of the peace having power as a conservator of thepublic peace,
and bound to exeute the warrants of judicial offiers.Bouvier.
CONSTABLESHIP,The office or functions of a constable.
CONSTABLESS,The wife of a constable. [Obs.]
CONSTABLEWICK,The district to which a constable's power is limited. [Obs.]Sir M.
Hale.
CONSTABULARY,Of or pertaining to constables; consisting of constables.
CONSTABULATORY,A constabulary. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
CONSTANT,Remaining unchanged or invariable, as a quantity, forc, law,etc.
CONSTANTIA,A superior wine, white and red, from Constantia, in CapeColony.
CONSTANTLY,With constancy; steadily; continually; perseveringly; withoutcessation;
uniformly.But she constantly affirmed that it was even so. Acts. xii. 15.
CONSTAT,A certificate showing what appears upon record touching amatter in
question.
CONSTATE,To ascertain; to verify; to establish; to prove. F. P. Cobbe.
CONSTELLATE,To join luster; to shine with united radiance, or one generallight.
[R.]The several things which engage our affections . . . shine forth andconstellate
in God. Boule.
CONSTERNATION,Amazement or horror that confounds the faculties, andincapacitates
for refletion; terror, combined with amaxement; dismay.The chiefs around, In
silence wrapped, in onsternation downed. Attendthe stern reply. Pope.
CONSTIPATE,To render costive; to cause constipation in.
CONSTITUENCY,A body of constituents, as the body of citizens or voters in
arepresentative district.
CONSTITUENT,A person who appoints another to act for him as attorney infact.
Burrill.
CONSTITUTE,An established law. [Obs.] T. Preston.
CONSTITUTER,One who constitutes or appoints.
CONSTITUTIONAL,A walk or other exercise taken for one's health orconstitution.
[Colloq.] Thackeray.The men trudged diurnal constitutionals along the different
roads.Compton Reade.
CONSTITUTIONALISM,The theory, principles, or authority of constitutionalgovernment;
attachment or adherene to a constitution orconstitutional government. Carlyle.
CONSTITUTIONALIST,One who advocates a constitutional form of government;
aconstitutionalist.
CONSTITUTIONIST,One who adheres to the constitution of the country.Bolingbroke.
CONSTITUTIVELY,In a constitutive manner.
CONSTRAINABLE,Capable of being constrained; liable to constraint, or torestraint.
Hooker.
CONSTRAINED,Marked by constraint; not free; not voluntary; embarrassed; as,a
constrained manner; a constrained tone.
CONSTRAINEDLY,By constraint or compulsion; in a constrained manner. Hooker.
CONSTRAINER,One who constrains.
CONSTRAINT,The act of constraining, or the state of being constrained;that which
compels to, or restrains from, action; compulsion;restraint; necessity.Long
imprisonment and hard constraint. Spenser.Not by constraint, but bDryden.
CONSTRAINTIVE,Constraining; compulsory. [R.] "Any constraintive vow." R.Carew.
CONSTRICT,To draw together; to render narrower or smaller; to bind; tocramp; to
contract or ause to shrink.Such things as constrict the fibers.
Arbuthnot.Membranous organs inclosing a cavity which their contractionconstrict.
Todd & Bowman.
CONSTRICTED,Contracted or compressed so as to be smaller in certain placesor parts
than in others.
CONSTRICTIVE,Serving or tending to bind or constrict.
CONSTRICTOR,A muscle which contracts or closes an orifice, or whichcompresses an
organ; a sphincter.
CONSTRINGE,To dawn together; to contract; to force to contract itself; toconstrict;
to cause to shrink. [R.]Strong liquors . . . intoxicate, constringe, harden the
fibers, andcoagulate the fluids. Arbuthnot.
CONSTRINGENT,Having the quality of contracting, binding, or compressing.Thomson.
CONSTRUCT,Formed by, or relating to, construction, interpretation, orinference.
Construct form or state (Heb. Gram.), that of a noun usedbefore another which has
the genitive relation to it.
CONSTRUCTER,One who, or that which, constructs or frames.
CONSTRUCTION,The arrangement and connection of words in a sentence;syntactical
arrangement.Some particles . . . in certain constructions have the sense of awhole
sentence contained in them. Locke.
CONSTRUCTIONAL,Pertaining to, or deduced from, construction or interpretation.
CONSTRUCTIONIST,One who puts a certain construction upon some writing orinstrument,
as the Constitutions of the United States; as, a strictconstructionist; a broad
constructionist.
CONSTRUCTIVELY,In a constructive manner; by construction or inference.A neutral
must have notice of a blockade, either actually by a formalinformation, or
constructively by notice to his government. Kent.
CONSTRUCTIVENESS,The faculty which enables one to construct, as in
mechanical,artistic, or literary matters.
CONSTRUCTOR,A constructer.
CONSTRUCTURE,That which is constructed or formed; an edifice; a fabric.[Obs.]
CONSTUPRATE,To ravish; to debauch. Burton.
CONSTUPRATION,The act of ravishing; violation; defilement. Bp. Hall.
CONSUBSTANTIAL,Of the same kind or nature; having the same substance oressence;
coessential.Christ Jesus . . . coeternal and consubstantial with the Father andwith
the Holy Ghost. Foxe.
CONSUBSTANTIALISM,The doctrine of consubstantiation.
CONSUBSTANTIALIST,One who believes in consubstantiation. Barrow.
CONSUBSTANTIALITY,Participation of the same nature; coexistence in the
samesubstance. "His [the Son's] . . . consubstantiality with the Father."Hammend.
CONSUBSTANTIALLY,In a consubstantial manner; with identity of substance ornature.
CONSUBSTANTIATE,To cause to unite, or to regard as united, in one commonsubstance
or nature. [R.]His soul must be consubstantiated with reason. Jer. Taylor.
CONSUBSTANTIATION,The actual, substantial presence of the body of Christ with
thebread and wine of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper; impanation; --opposed to
transubstantiation.
CONSUETUDE,Custom, habit; usage. [R.]To observe this consuetude or law. Barnes.
CONSUETUDINAL,According to custom; customary; usual. [R.]
CONSUETUDINARY,Customary.
CONSUL,One of the two chief magistrates of the republic.
CONSULAGE,A duty or tax paid by merchants for the protection of theirconnerce by
means of a consul in a foreign place.
CONSULAR,Of or pertaining to a consul; performing the duties of aconsul; as,
consular power; consular dignity; consular officers.
CONSULARY,Consular. [Obs.] Holland.
CONSULT,To seek the opinion or advice of another; to take consel; todeliberate
together; to confer.Let us consult upon to-morrow's business. Shak.All the laws of
England have been made by the kings England,consulting with the nobility and
commons. Hobbes.
CONSULTARY,Formed by consultation; resulting from conference. Consultaryresponse
(Law), the opinion of a court on a special case. Wharton.
CONSULTATIVE,Pertaining to consultation; having the privilege or right
ofconference. "A consultative . . . power." Abp. Bramhall.
CONSULTATORY,Formed by, or resulting from, consultation; advisory. Bancroft.
CONSULTER,One who consults, or asks counsel or information.
CONSULTING,That consults. Consulting physician (Med.), a physician whoconsults with
the attending practitioner regarding any case ofdisease.
CONSULTIVE,Determined by, or pertaining to, consultation;
deliberate;consultative.He that remains in the grace of God sins not by any
deliberative,consultive, knowing act. Jer. Taylor.
CONSUMABLE,Capable of being consumed; that may be destroyed, dissipated,wasted, or
spent. "Consumable commodities." Locke.
CONSUME,To destroy, as by decomposition, dissipation, waste, or fire;to use up; to
expend; to waste; to burn up; to eat up; to devour.If he were putting to my house
the brand That shall consume it. Shak.Lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven,
where neither moth norrust doth consume. Matt. vi. 20 (Rev. Ver. ).Let me alone . .
. that I may consume them. Ex. xxxii. 10.
CONSUMEDLY,Excessively. [Low]He's so consumedly pround of it. Thackeray.
CONSUMER,One who, or that which, consumes; as, the consumer of food.
CONSUMINGLY,In a consuming manner.
CONSUMMATE,Carried to the utmost extent or degree; of the highest quality;complete;
perfect. "A man of perfect and consummate virtue." Addison.The little band held the
post with consummate tenacity. Motley
CONSUMMATELY,In a consummate manner; completely. T. Warton.
CONSUMMATION,The act of consummating, or the state of being consummated;completed;
completion; perfection; termination; end (as of the worldor of life)."Tis a
consummation Devoutly to be wished. Shak.From its original to its consummation.
Addison.Quiet consummation have, And renownShak.Consummation of marrige, completion
of the connubial relation byactual cohabition.
CONSUMMATIVE,Serving to consummate; completing. "The final, the
consummativeprocedure of philosophy." Sir W. Hamilton.
CONSUMPTION,A progressive wasting away of the body; esp., that form ofwasting,
attendant upon pulmonary phthisis and associated with cough,spitting of blood,
hectic fever, etc.; pulmonary phthisis; -- calledalso pulmonary consumption.
Consumption of the bowels (Med.),inflammation and ulceration of the intestines from
tuberculardisease.
CONSUMPTIVE,Affected with, or inclined to, consumption.The lean, consumptive wench,
with coughs decayed. Dryden.
CONSUMPTIVELY,In a way tending to or indication consumption. Beddoes.
CONSUMPTIVENESS,A state of being consumptive, or a tendency to a consumption.
CONTABESCENT,Wasting away gradually. Darwin. - Con*ta*bes"cence, n.
CONTACT,The property of two curves, or surfaces, which meet, and at thepoint of
meeting have a common direction.
CONTACTION,Act of touching. [Obs.]
CONTAGION,The transmission of a disease from one person to another, bydirect or
indirect contact.
CONTAGIONED,Affected by contagion.
CONTAGIONIST,One who believes in the contagious character of certaindiseases, as of
yellow fever.
CONTAGIOUS DISEASE,A disease communicable by contact with a patient suffering
fromit, or with some secretion of, or object touched by, such a patient.Most such
diseases have already been proved to be germ diseases, andtheir communicability
depends on the transmission of the livinggerms. Many germ diseases are not
contagious, some special method oftransmission or inoculation of the germs being
required.
CONTAGIOUS,Communicable by contact, by a virus, or by a bodily exhalation;catching;
as, a contagious disease.
CONTAGIOUSLY,In a contagious manner.
CONTAGIOUSNESS,Quality of being contagious.
CONTAGIUM,Contagion; contagious matter. "Contagium of measles." Tyndall.
CONTAIN,To restrain desire; to live in continence or chastity.But if they can not
contain, let them marry. 1 Cor. vii. 9.
CONTAINABLE,Capable of being contained or comprised. Boyle.
CONTAINANT,A container.
CONTAINER,One who, or that which, contains.
CONTAINMENT,That which is contained; the extent; the substance. [Obs.]The
containment of a rich man's estate. Fuller.
CONTAMINABLE,Capable of being contaminated.
CONTAMINATE,To soil, stain, or corrupt by contact; to tarnish; to sully; totaint;
to pollute; to defile.Shall we now Contaminate our figures with base bribes Shak.I
would neither have simplicity imposed upon, nor virtuecontaminated. Goldsmith.
CONTAMINATION,The act or process of contaminating; pollution; defilement;taint;
also, that which contaminates.
CONTAMITIVE,Tending or liable to contaminate.
CONTANGO,The premium or interest paid by the buyer to the seller, to beallowed to
defer paying for the stock purchased until the nextfortnightly settlement day.
[Eng.]
CONTE,A short narrative or tale, esp. one dealing with surprising ormarvelous
events.
CONTECTION,A covering. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CONTEK,Contumely; reproach. [Obs.] Wyclif.
CONTEMN,To view or treat with contempt, as mean and despicable; toreject with
disdain; to despise; to scorn.Thy pompous delicacies I contemn. Milton.One who
contemned divine and human laws. Dryden.
CONTEMNER,One who contemns; a despiser; a scorner. "Contemners of thegods." South.
CONTEMNINGLY,Contemptuously. [R.]
CONTEMPER,To modify or temper; to allay; to qualify; to moderate; tosoften.
[Obs.]The antidotes . . . have allayed its bitterness and contempered
itsmalignancy. Johnson.
CONTEMPERATE,To temper; to moderate. [Obs.]Moisten and contemperate the air. Sir T.
Browne.
CONTEMPERATURE,The condition of being tempered; proportionate mixture;temperature.
[Obs.]The different contemperature of the elements. SDouth.
CONTEMPLANCE,Contemplation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CONTEMPLANT,Given to contemplation; meditative. [R.] Coleridge.
CONTEMPLATE,To consider or think studiously; to ponder; to reflect; tomuse; to
meditate.So many hours must I contemplate. Shak.
CONTEMPLATIST,A contemplator. [R.] I. Taylor.
CONTEMPLATIVE,A religious or either sex devoted to prayer and meditation,rather
than to active works of charity.
CONTEMPLATIVELY,With contemplation; in a contemplative manner.
CONTEMPLATIVENESS,The state of being contemplative; thoughtfulness.
CONTEMPLATOR,One who contemplates. Sir T. Browne.
CONTEMPORANEITY,The state of being contemporaneous.The lines of contemporaneity in
the oölitic system. J. Philips.
CONTEMPORANEOUS,Living, existing, or occurring at the same time; contemporary.The
great age of Jewish philosophy, that of Aben Esra, Maimonides,and Kimchi, had been
contemporaneous with the later Spanish school ofArabic philosophy. Milman-
Con*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness, n.
CONTEMPORANEOUSLY,At the same time with some other event.
CONTEMPORARINESS,Existence at the same time; contemporaneousness. Howell.
CONTEMPORARY,One who lives at the same time with another; as, Petrarch andChaucer
were contemporaries.
CONTEMPT,Disobedience of the rules, orders, or process of a court ofjustice, or of
rules or orders of a legislative body; disorderly,contemptuous, or insolent
language or behavior in presence of acourt, tending to disturb its proceedings, or
impair the respect dueto its authority.
CONTEMPTIBILITY,The quality of being contemptible; contemptibleness. Speed.
CONTEMPTIBLENESS,The state or quality of being contemptible, or of beingdespised.
CONTEMPTIBLY,In a contemptible manner.
CONTEMPTUOUS,Manifecting or expressing contempt or disdain; scornful;haughty;
insolent; disdainful.A proud, contemptious behavior. Hammond.Savage invectiveand
contemptuous sarcasm. Macaulay.Rome . . . entertained the most contemptuous opinion
of the Jews.Atterbury.
CONTEMPTUOUSLY,In a contemptuous manner; with scorn or disdain; despitefully.The
apostles and most eminent Christians were poor, and usedcontemptuously. Jer.
Taylor.
CONTEMPTUOUSNESS,Disposition to or manifestion of contempt; insolence;haughtiness.
CONTEND,To struggle for; to contest. [R.]Carthage shall contend the world with
Rome.Dryden.
CONTENDENT,n antagonist; a contestant. [Obs.]In all notable changes and revolutions
the contendents have beenstill made a prey to the third party. L'Estrange.
CONTENDER,One who contends; a contestant.
CONTENDRESS,A female contestant. [R.]
CONTENEMENT,That which is held together with another thing; that which isconnected
with a tenetment, or thing holden, as a certin quantity ofland a Burrill.
CONTENT,Contained within limits; hence, having the desires limited bythat which one
has; not disposed to repine or grumble; satisfied;contented; at rest.Having food
rainment, let us be therewith content. 1 Tim. vi. 8.
CONTENTATION,Content; satisfaction. [Obs.] Bacon.
CONTENTED,Content; easy in mind; satisfied; quiet; willing.-- Con*tent"ed*ly,
adv.-- Con*tent"ed*ness, n.
CONTENTFUL,Full of content. [Obs.] Barrow.
CONTENTIOUS,Contested; litigated; litigious; having power to decidecontroversy.
Contentious jurisdiction (Eng. Eccl. Law), jurisdictionover matters in controversy
between parties, in contradistinction tovoluntary jurisdiction, or that exercised
upon matters not opposed orcontroverted.
CONTENTLESS,Discontented; dissatisfied. [R.] Shak.
CONTENTLY,In a contented manner. [Obs.]
CONTENTS,See Content, n.
CONTERMINABLE,Having the same bounds; terminating at the same time or
place;conterminous.Love and life not conterminable. Sir H. Wotton.
CONTERMINAL,Conterminous.
CONTERMINANT,Having the same limits; ending at the same time; conterminous.Lamb.
CONTERMINATE,Having the same bounds; conterminous. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
CONTERMINOUS,Having the same bounds, or limits; bordering upon; contiguous.This
conformed so many of them as were conterminous to the coloniesand garrisons, to the
Roman laws. Sir M. Hale.
CONTESSERATION,An assemblage; a collection; harmonious union. [Obs.]That person of
his [George Herbert], which afforded so unusual acontesseration of elegancies.
Oley.
CONTEST,To make a subject of litigation; to defend, as a suit; todispute or resist;
as a claim, by course of law; to controvert. Tocontest an election. (Polit.) (a) To
strive to be elected. (b) Todispute the declared result of an election.
CONTESTABLE,Capable of being contested; debatable.
CONTESTANT,One who contests; an opponent; a litigant; a disputant; one whoclaims
that which has been awarded to another.
CONTESTINGLY,In a contending manner.
CONTEX,To context. [Obs.] Boyle.
CONTEXT,Knit or woven together; close; firm. [Obs.]The coats, without, are context
and callous. Derham.
CONTEXTURAL,Pertaining to contexture or arrangement of parts; producingcontexture;
interwoven. Dr. John Smith (1666).
CONTEXTURE,The arrangement and union of the constituent parts of a thing;a weaving
together of parts; structural character of a thing; system;constitution;
texture.That wonderful contexture of all created beings. Dryden.He was not of any
delicate contexture; his limbs rather sturdy thandainty. Sir H. Wotton.
CONTEXTURED,Formed into texture; woven together; arranged; composed. [R.]Carlyle.
CONTICENT,Silent. [R.] "The guests sit conticent." Thackeray.
CONTIGUATE,Contiguous; touching. [Obs.] Holland.
CONTIGUITY,The state of being contiguous; intimate association;
nearness;proximity.The convicinity and contiguity of the two parishes. T. Warton.
CONTIGUOUS,In actual contact; touching; also, adjacent; near;
neighboring;adjoining.The two halves of the paper did not appear fully
divided . . . butseemed contiguous at one of their angles. Sir I. Newton.Sees no
contiguous palace rear its head. Goldsmith.Contiguous angles. See Adjacent angles,
under Angle.
CONTINENTAL DRIVE,A transmission arrangement in which the longitudinal crankshaft
drives the rear wheels through a clutch, change-speed gear,countershaft, and two
parallel side chains, in order.
CONTINENTAL GLACIER,A broad ice sheet resting on a plain or plateau and
spreadingoutward from a central névé, or region of accumulation.
CONTINENTAL PRONUNCIATION,A method of pronouncing Latin and Greek in which the
vowelshave their more familiar Continental values, as in German andItalian, the
consonants being pronounced mostly as in English. Thestricter form of this method
of pronouncing Latin approaches theRoman, the modified form the English,
pronunciation. The Continentalmethod of Greek pronunciation is often called
Erasmian.
CONTINENTAL SYSTEM,The system of commercial blockade aiming to exclude Englandfrom
commerce with the Continent instituted by the Berlin decree,which Napoleon I.
issued from Berlin Nov. 21, 1806, declaring theBritish Isles to be in a state of
blockade, and British subjects,property, and merchandise subject to capture, and
excluding Britishships from all parts of Europe under French dominion. The
retaliatorymeasures of England were followed by the Milan decree, issued byNapoleon
from Milan Dec. 17, 1807, imposing further restrictions, anddeclaring every ship
going to or from a port of England or hercolonies to be lawful prize.
CONTINENTAL,Of or pertaining to the confederated colonies collectively, inthe time
of the Revolutionary War; as, Continental money.The army before Boston was
designated as the Continental army, incontradistinction to that under General Gage,
which was called the"Ministerial army." W. Irving.Continental Congress. See under
Congress.-- Continental system (Hist.), the blockade of Great Britain orderedby
Napoleon by the decree of Berlin, Nov. 21, 1806; the object beingto strike a blow
at the maritime and commercial supremacy of GreatBritain, by cutting her off from
all intercourse with the continentof Europe.
CONTINENTLY,In a continent manner; chastely; moderately; temperately.
CONTINGENCE,See Contingency.
CONTINGENCY,A certain possible event that may or may not happen, by which,when
happening, some particular title may be affected.
CONTINGENT,Dependent for effect on something that may or may not occur;as, a
contingent estate.If a contingent legacy be left to any one when he attains, or if
heattains, the age of twenty-one. Blackstone.
CONTINGENTLY,In a contingent manner; without design or foresight;accidentally.
CONTINGENTNESS,The state of being contingent; fortuitousness.
CONTINUABLE,Capable of being continued [R.]
CONTINUANT,Continuing; prolonged; sustained; as, a continuant sound.-- n.
CONTINUATIVE,A term or expression denoting continuance. [R.]To these may be added
continuatives; as, Rome remains to this day;which includes, at least, two
propositions, viz., Rome was, and Romeis. I. Watts.
CONTINUATOR,One who, or that which, continues; esp., one who continues aseries or a
work; a continuer. Sir T. Browne.
CONTINUED,Having extension of time, space, order of events, exertion ofenergy,
etc.; extended; protacted; uninterrupted; also, resumed afterinterruption;
extending through a succession of issues, session,etc.; as, a continued story.
"Continued woe." Jenyns. "Continuedsuccession." Locke. Continued bass (Mus.), a
bass continued throughan entire piece of music, while the other parts of the
harmony areindicated by figures beneath the bass; the same as thorough bass
orfigured bass; basso continuo. [It.] -- Continued fever (Med.), afever which
presents no interruption in its course.-- Continued fraction (Math.), a fraction
whose numerator is 1, andwhose denominator is a whole number plus a fraction whose
numeratoris 1 and whose denominator is a whole number, plus a fraction, and soon.--
Continued proportion (Math.), a proportion composed of two ormore equal ratios, in
which the consequent of each preceding ratio isthe same with the antecedent of the
folowing one; as, 4 : 8 : 8 : 16:: 16 : 32.
CONTINUEDLY,Continuously.
CONTINUER,One who continues; one who has the power of perseverance orpersistence.
"Indulgent continuers in sin." Hammond.I would my horse had the speed of your
tongue, and so good acontinuer. Shak.
CONTINUITY,the state of being continuous; uninterupted connection orsuccession;
close union of parts; cohesion; as, the continuity offibers. Grew.The sight would
be tired, if it were attracted by a continuity ofglittering objects. Dryden.Law of
continuity (Math. & Physics), the principle that nothingpasses from one state to
another without passing through all theintermediate states.-- Solution of
continuity. (Math.) See under Solution.
CONTINUO,Basso continuo, or continued bass.
CONTINUOUS,Not deviating or varying from uninformity; not interrupted; notjoined or
articulated. Continuous brake (Railroad), a brake which isattached to each car a
train, and can be caused to operate in all thecars simultaneously from a point on
any car or on the engine.-- Continuous impost. See Impost.
CONTINUOUSLY,In a continuous maner; without interruption.-- Con*tin"u*ous*ness, n.
CONTLINE,The space between the strands on the outside of a rope. Knight.
CONTORSION,See Contortion.
CONTORT,To twist, or twist together; to turn awry; to bend; to distort;to wrest.The
vertebral arteries are variously contorted. Ray.Kant contorted the term category
from the proper meaning ofattributed. Sir W. Hamilton.
CONTORTION,A twisting; a writhing; wry motion; a twist; as, the contortionof the
muscles of the face. Swift.All the contortions of the sibyl, without the
inspiration. Burke.
CONTORTIONIST,One who makes or practices contortions.
CONTORTIVE,Expressing contortion.
CONTORTUPLICATE,Plaited lengthwise and twisted in addition, as the bud of
themorning-glory. Gray.
CONTOUR,The outline of a horizontal section of the ground, or of worksof
fortification. Contour feathers (Zoöl.), those feathers that formthe general
covering of a bird.-- Contour of ground (Surv.), the outline of the surface of
groundwith respect to its undulation, etc.-- Contour line (Topographical Suv.), the
line in which a horizontalplane intersects a portion of ground, or the
corresponding line in amap or chart.
CONTOURNE,Turned in a direction which is not the usual one; -- said of ananimal
turned to the sinister which is usually turned to the dexter,or the like.
CONTOURNIATED,Having furrowed edges, as if turned in a lathe.
CONTRA,A Latin adverb and preposition, signifying against, contrary,in opposition,
etc., entering as a prefix into the composition ofmany English words. Cf. Counter,
adv. & pref.
CONTRABAND,Prohibited or excluded by law or treaty; forbidden; as,contraband goods,
or trade.The contraband will always keep pace, in some measure, with the fairtrade.
Burke.
CONTRABANDISM,Traffic in contraband gods; smuggling.
CONTRABANDIST,One who traffic illegaly; a smuggler.
CONTRABASS,, n. (Mus.) Double bass; -- applied to any instrument of thesame deep
range as the stringed double bass; as, the contrabassophicleide; the cotrabass tuba
or bombardon.
CONTRABASSO,The largest kind of bass viol. See Violone.
CONTRACT TABLET,A clay tablet on which was inscribed a contract, for safekeeping.
Such tablets were inclosed in an outer case (often calledthe envelope), on which
was inscribed a duplicate of the inscriptionon the inclosed tablet.
CONTRACT,To shorten by omitting a letter or letters or by reducing twoor more
vowels or syllables to one.
CONTRACTEDNESS,The state of being contracted; narrowness; meannes;selfishness.
CONTRACTIBILITY,Capability of being contracted; quality of being contractible;as,
the contractibiliy and dilatability of air. Arbuthnot.
CONTRACTIBLE,Capable of contraction.Small air bladders distable and contractible.
Arbuthnot.
CONTRACTIBLENESS,Contractibility.
CONTRACTILE,tending to contract; having the power or property ofcontracting, or of
shrinking into shorter or smaller dimensions; as,the contractile tissues.The
heart's contractile force. H. Brooke.Each cilium seems to be composed of
contractile substance. Hixley.Contractile vacuole (Zoöl.), a pulsating cavity in
the interior of aprotozoan, supposed to be excretory in function. There may be
one,two, or more.
CONTRACTILITY,The power possessed by the fibers of living muscle ofcontracting or
shortening.
CONTRACTION,The process of shortening an operation.
CONTRACTIVE,Tending to contract; having the property or power or power
ofcontracting.
CONTRACTOR,One who contracts; one of the parties to a bargain; one whocovenants to
do anything for another; specifically, one who contractsto perform work on a rather
large scale, at a certain price or rate,as in building houses or making a railroad.
CONTRACTURE,A state of permanent rigidity or contraction of the muscles,generally
of the flexor muscles.
CONTRADANCE,A dance in which the partners are arranged face to face, or inopposite
lines.
CONTRADICT,To oppose in words; to gainsay; to deny, or assert the contraryof,
something.They . . . spake against those things which were spoken by
Paul,contradicting and blaspheming. Acts xiii. 45.
CONTRADICTABLE,Capable of being contradicting.
CONTRADICTER,one who contradicts. Swift.
CONTRADICTIONAL,Contradictory; inconsistent; opposing. [R.] Milton.
CONTRADICTIVE,Contradictory; inconsistent.-- Con`tra*dict"ive*ly, adv..
CONTRADICTOR,A contradicter.
CONTRADICTORILY,In a contradictory manner. Sharp.
CONTRADICTORINESS,The quality of being contradictory; opposition; inconsistency.J.
Whitaker.
CONTRADICTORY,propositions with the same terms, but opposed to each otherboth in
quality and quantity.
CONTRADISTINCT,Distinguished by opposite qualities. J. Goodwin.
CONTRADISTINCTION,Distinction by contrast.That there are such things as sins of
infirmity in contradistinctionto those of presumption is not to be questioned.
South.
CONTRADISTINCTIVE,having the quality of contradistinction; distinguishing
bycontrast.-- Con`tra*dis*tinc"tive, n.
CONTRADISTINGUISH,To distinguish by a contrast of opposite qualities.These are our
complex ideas of soul and body, as contradistinguished.Locke.
CONTRAFAGETTO,The double bassoon, an octave deeper than the bassoon.
CONTRAFISSURE,A fissure or fracture on the side opposite to that whichreceived the
blow, or at some distance from it. Coxe.
CONTRAHENT,Entering into covenant; contracting; as, contrahent parties.[Obs.] Mede.
CONTRAINDICANT,Something, as a symptom, indicating that the usual mode oftreatment
is not to be followed. Burke.
CONTRAINDICATE,To indicate, as by a symptom, some method of treatment contraryto
that which the general tenor of the case would seem to require.Contraindicating
symptoms must be observed. Harvey.
CONTRAINDICATION,An indication or symptom which forbids the method of
treatmentusual in such cases.
CONTRALTO,Of or pertaining to a contralto, or to the part in music calledcontralto;
as, a contralto voice.
CONTRAMURE,An outer wall. [Obs.] Chambers.
CONTRANATURAL,Opposed to or against nature; unnatural. [R.] Bp. Rust.
CONTRAPLEX,Pertaining to the sending of two messages in oppositedirections at the
same time.
CONTRAPOSITION,A so-called immediate inference which consists in denying
theoriginal subject of the contradictory predicate; e.g.: Every S is P;therefore,
no Not-P is S.
CONTRAPTION,A contrivance; a new-fangled device; -- used scornfully.[Colloq. or
Dial.] -- Con*trap"tious (#), a.
CONTRAPUNTAL,Pertaining to, or according to the rules of, counterpoint.
CONTRAPUNTIST,One skilled in counterpoint. L. Mason.
CONTRAREMONSTRANT,One who remonstrates in opposition or answer to a remonstraint.
[R.]They did the synod wrong to make this distinction ofcontraremonstrants and
remonstrants. Hales.
CONTRARIANT,Contrary; opposed; antagonistic; inconsistent; contradictory.[R.]The
struggles of contrariant factions. Coleridge.
CONTRARIANTLY,Contrarily. [Obs.]
CONTRARIES,Propositions which directly and destructively contradict eachother, but
of which the falsehood of one does not establish the truthof the other.If two
universals differ in quality, they are contraries; as, everyvine is a tree; no vine
is a tree. These can never be both truetogether; but they may be both false. I.
Watts.
CONTRARILY,(adv. In a contrary manner; in opposition; on the other side;in opposite
ways.
CONTRARINESS,state or quality of being contrary; opposition;
inconsistency;contrariety; perverseness; obstinancy.
CONTRARIOUS,Showing contrariety; repugnant; perverse. [Archaic] Milton.She flew
contrarious in the face of God. Mrs. Browning.
CONTRARIOUSLY,Contrarily; oppositely. Shak.
CONTRAROTATION,Circular motion in a direction contrary to some other
circularmotion.
CONTRARY,Affirming the opposite; so opposed as to destroy each other;as, contrary
propositions. Contrary motion (Mus.), the progression ofparts in opposite
directions, one ascending, the other descending.
CONTRAST,To stand in opposition; to exhibit difference, unlikeness, oropposition of
qualities.The joints which divide the sandstone contrast finely with thedivisional
planes which separate the basalt into pillars. Lyell.
CONTRASTIMULANT,Counteracting the effects of stimulants; relating to a courseof
medical treatment based on a theory of contrastimulants.-- n. (Med.)
CONTRATE,Having cogs or teeth projecting parallel to the axis, insteadof radiating
from it. [R.] Contrate wheel. See Crown wheel.
CONTRATENOR,Counter tenor; contralto.
CONTRAVALLATION,A trench guarded with a parapet, constructed by besiegers, tosecure
themselves and check sallies of the besieged.
CONTRAVENER,One who contravenes.
CONTRAVENTION,The act of contravening; opposition; obstruction;transgression;
violation.Warrants in contravention of the acts of Parliament. Macaulay.In
contravention of all his marriage stipulations. Motley.
CONTRAVERSION,A turning to the opposite side; antistrophe. Congreve.
CONTRAYERVA,A species of Dorstenia (D. Contrayerva), a South Americanplant, the
aromatic root of which is sometimes used in medicine as agentle stimulant and
tonic.
CONTRECOUP,A concussion or shock produced by a blow or other injury, in apart or
region opposite to that at which the blow is received, oftencausing rupture or
disorganisation of the parts affected.
CONTRETEMPS,An unexpected and untoward accident; something inopportune
orembarassing; a hitch.In this unhappy contretemps. De Quincey.
CONTRIBUTABLE,Capable of being contributed.
CONTRIBUTE,To give or grant i common with others; to give to a commonstock or for a
common purpose; to furnish or suply in part; to give(money or other aid) for a
specified object; as, to contribute foodor fuel for the poor.England contributes
much more than any other of the allies. Addison.
CONTRIBUTION PLAN,A plan of distributing surplus by giving to each policy theexcess
of premiums and interest earned thereon over the expenses ofmanagement, cost of
insurance, and the policy value at the date ofcomputation. This excess is called
the contribution of the policy.
CONTRIBUTION,An irregular and arbitrary imposition or tax leved on thepeople of a
town or country.These sums, . . . and the forced contributions paid by
lucklesspeasants, enabled him to keep his straggling troops together. Motley.
CONTRIBUTIONAL,Pertaining to, or furnishing, a contribution.
CONTRIBUTIVE,Contributing, or tending to contribute. Fuller.
CONTRIBUTOR,One who, or that which, contributes; specifically, one whowrites
articles for a newspaper or magazine.
CONTRIBUTORY,Contributing to the same stock or purpose; promoting the sameend;
bringing assistance to some joint design, or increase to somecommon stock;
contributive. Milton.Bonfires of contributory wood. Chapman.Contributory negligence
(Law), negligence by an injured party, whichcombines with the negligence of the
injurer in producing the injury,and which bars recovery when it is the proximate
cause of the injury.Wharton.
CONTRIST,To make sad. [Obs.]To deject and contrist myself. Sterne.
CONTRISTATE,To make sorrowful. [Obs.] Bacon.
CONTRITE,A contrite person. Hooker.
CONTRITENESS,Deep sorrow and penitence for sin; contrition.
CONTRITURATE,To triturate; to pulverize. [R.]
CONTRIVABLE,Capable of being contrived, planned, invented, or devised.A perpetual
motion may seem easily contrivable. Bp. Wilkins.
CONTRIVE,To form by an exercise of ingenuity; to devise; to invent; todesign; to
plan.What more likely to contrive this admirable frame of the universethan infinite
wisdom. Tillotson.neither do thou imagine that I shall contrive aught against his
life.Hawthorne.
CONTRIVEMENT,Contrivance; invention; arrangement; design; plan. [Obs.]Consider the
admirable contrivement and artifice of this greatfabric. Glanvill.Active to meet
their contrivements. Sir G. Buck.
CONTRIVER,One who contrives, devises, plans, or schemas. Swift.
CONTROLLABILITY,Capability of being controlled; controllableness.
CONTROLLABLE,Capable of being controlled, checked, or restrained; amenableto
command.Passion is the drunkeness of the mind, and, therefore, . . . notalways
controllable by reason. South.
CONTROLLABLENESS,Capability of being controlled.
CONTROLLER,An iron block, usually bolted to a ship's deck, for controllingthe
running out of a chain cable. The links of the cable tend to dropinto hollows in
the block, and thus hold fast until disengaged.
CONTROLLERSHIP,The office of a controller.
CONTROVERSARY,Controversial. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CONTROVERSE,Controversy. [Obs.] Spenser.
CONTROVERSER,A disputant. [Obs.]
CONTROVERSIAL,Relating to, or consisting of, controversy; disputatious;polemical;
as, controversial divinity.Whole libraries of controversial books. Macaulay.
CONTROVERSIALIST,One who carries on a controversy; a disputant.He [Johnson] was
both intellectually and morally of the stuff ofwhich controversialists are made.
Macaulay.
CONTROVERSIALLY,In a controversial manner.
CONTROVERSION,Act of controverting; controversy. [Obs.] Hooker.
CONTROVERSOR,A controverser. [Obs.]
CONTROVERT,To make matter of controversy; to dispute or oppose byreasoning; to
contend against in words or writings; to contest; todebate.Some controverted points
had decided according to the sense of thebest jurists. Macaulay.
CONTROVERTER,One who controverts; a controversial writer; acontroversialist.Some
controverters in divinity are like swaggerers in a tavern. B.Jonson.
CONTROVERTIBLE,Capable of being controverted; disputable; admitting ofquestion.--
Con`tro*ver"ti*bly, adv.
CONTROVERTIST,One skilled in or given to controversy; a controversialist.How
unfriendly is the controvertist to the discernment of the critic!Campbell.
CONTUMACIOUS,Willfully disobedient to the summous or prders of a court.Blackstone.
CONTUMACY,A willful contempt of, and disobedience to, any lawful summons,or to the
rules and orders of court, as a refusal to appear in courtwhen legally summoned.
CONTUMELY,Rudeness compounded of haughtiness and contempt; scornfulinsolence;
despiteful treatment; disdain; contemptuousness in act orspeech; disgrace.The
oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely. Shak.Nothing aggravates tyranny so
much as contumely. Burke.
CONTUSION,A bruise; an injury attended with more or less disorganizationof the
subcutaneous tissue and effusion of blood beneath the skin,but without apparent
wound.
CONURE,An American parrakeet of the genus Conurus. Many species areknown. See
Parrakeet.
CONUS,A Linnean genus of mollusks having a conical shell. See Cone,n., 4.
CONUSABLE,Cognizable; liable to be tried or judged. [Obs.] Bp. Barlow.
CONUSANT,See Cognizant.
CONUSOR,See Cognizor.
CONVALESCE,To recover health and strength gradually, after sickness orweakness; as,
a patient begins to convalesce.
CONVALESCED,Convalescent. [R.]He found the queen somewhat convalesced. J. Knox.
CONVALESCENT,One recovering from sickness.
CONVALESCENTLY,In the manner of a convalescent; with increasing strength orvigor.
CONVALLAMARIN,A white, crystalline, poisonous substance, regarded as aglucoside,
extracted from the lily of the valley (ConvallariaMajalis). Its taste is first
bitter, then sweet.
CONVALLARIA,The lily of the valley.
CONVALLARIN,A white, crystalline glucoside, of an irritating taste,extracted from
the convallaria or lily of the valley.
CONVECTION,A process of transfer or transmission, as of heat orelectricity, by
means of currents in liquids or gases, resulting fromchanges of temperature and
other causes.Liquids are generally heated by convection -- when heat is appliedfrom
bellow. Nichol.
CONVECTIVE,Caused or accomplished by convection; as, a convectivedischarge of
electricity. Faraday.
CONVECTIVELY,In a convective manner. Hare.
CONVELLENT,Tending to tear or pull up. [Obs.]The ends of the fragment . . . will
not yield to the convellentforce. Todd & Bowman.
CONVENABLE,Capable of being convened or assembled.
CONVENANCE,That which is suitable, agreeable, or convenient.And they missed Their
wonted convenance, cheerly hid the loss.Emerson.
CONVENIENTLY,In a convenient manner, form, or situation; without difficulty.
CONVENT,To call before a judge or judicature; to summon; to convene.[Obs.] Shak.
CONVENTICAL,Of or from, or pertaining to, a convent. "Conventical wages."Sterne.
Conventical prior. See Prior.
CONVENTICLER,One who supports or frequents conventicles. Dryden.
CONVENTICLING,Belonging or going to, or resembling, a conventicle.
[Obs.]Conventicling schools . . . set up and taught secretly by fanatics.South.
CONVENTION,An extraordinary assembly of the parkiament or estates of therealm, held
without the king's writ, -- as the assembly whichrestored Charles II. to the
throne, and that which declared thethrone to be abdicated by James II.Our gratitude
is due . . . to the Long Parliament, to the Convention,and to William of Orange.
Macaulay.
CONVENTIONALISM,The principles or practice of conventionalizing.
SeeConventionalize, v. t.
CONVENTIONALITY,The state of being conventional; adherence to socialformalities or
usages; that which is established by conventional use;one of the customary usages
of social life.
CONVENTIONALIZE,To make designs in art, according to conventional principles.Cf.
Conventionalize, v. t., 2.
CONVENTIONALLY,In a conventional manner.
CONVENTIONARY,Acting under contract; settled by express agreement; as,conventionary
tenants. [Obs.] R. Carew.
CONVENTIONER,One who belongs to a convention or assembly.
CONVENTIONIST,One who enters into a convention, covenant, or contract.
CONVENTUAL,Of or pertaining to a convent; monastic. "A conventual garb."Macaulay.
Conventual church, a church attached or belonging to aconvent or monastery.
Wordsworth.
CONVERGE,To tend to one point; to incline and approach nearer together;as, lines
converge.The mountains converge into a single ridge. Jefferson.
CONVERGENT,tending to one point of focus; tending to approach each
other;converging.As many rays of light, as conveniently can be let in, and
madeconvergent. Boyle.The vast dome of its cathedral . . . directing its convergent
curvesto heaven. Hallam.
CONVERGING,Tending to one point; approaching each other; convergent; as,converging
lines. Whewell. Converging rays(Opt.), rays of light,which, proceeding from
different points of an object, tend toward asingle point.-- Converging series
(Math.), a series in which if an indefinitelygreat number of terms be taken, their
sum will become indefinitelynear in value to a fixed quantity, which is called the
sum of theseries; -- opposed to a diverging series.
CONVERSABLE,Qualified for conversation; disposed to converse; sociable;free in
discourse.While young, humane, conversable, and kind. Cowper.
CONVERSABLENESS,The quality of being conversable; disposition to
converse;sociability.
CONVERSABLY,In a conversable manner.
CONVERSANCE,The state or quality of being conversant; habit of familiarity;familiar
acquaintance; intimacy. [R.]
CONVERSANCY,Conversance [R.]
CONVERSANT,One who converses with another; a convenser. [R.]
CONVERSANTLY,In a familiar manner.
CONVERSATIONAL,Pertaining to conversation; in the manner of one conversing;as, a
conversational style. Thackeray.
CONVERSATIONALIST,A conversationist.
CONVERSATIONED,Acquainted with manners and deportment; behaved. [Obs.]Till she be
better conversationed, . . . I'll keep As far from her asthe gallows. Beau. & Fl.
CONVERSATIONISM,A word or phrase used in conversation; a colloqualism.
CONVERSATIONIST,One who converses much, or who excels in conversation. Byron.
CONVERSATIVE,Relating to intercourse with men; social; -- opposed
tocontemplative.She chose . . . to endue him with the conversative qualities
ofyouth. Sir H. Wotton.
CONVERSAZIONE,A meeting or assembly for conversation, particularly onliterary or
scientific subjects. Gray.These conversazioni [at Florence] resemble our card
assemblies. A.Drummond.
CONVERSE,, a. Etym: [L. conversus, p.p. of convertere. See Convert.]Turned about;
reversed in order or relation; reciprocal; as, aconverse proposition.
CONVERSELY,In a converse manner; with change of order or relation;reciprocally. J.
S. Mill.
CONVERSER,One who engages in conversation.
CONVERSIBLE,Capable of being converted or reversed. Hammond.
CONVERSION,An appropriation of, and dealing with the property of anotheras if it
were one's own, without right; as, the conversion of ahorse.Or bring my action of
conversion And trover for my goods. Hudibras.
CONVERT,To change (one proposition) into another, so that what was thesubject of
the first becomes the predicate of the second.
CONVERTEND,Any proposition which is subject to the process of conversion;-- so
called in its relation to itself as converted, after whichprocess it is termed the
conversae. See Converse, n. (Logic).
CONVERTER,A retort, used in the Bessemer process, in which molten castiron is
decarburized and converted into steel by a blast of airforced through the liquid
metal.
CONVERTIBILITY,The condition or quality of being convertible; capability ofbeing
exchanged; convertibleness.The mutual convertibility of land into money, and of
money into land.Burke.
CONVERTIBLENESS,The state of being convertible; convertibility.
CONVERTIBLY,In a convertible manner.
CONVERTITE,A convert. [Obs.] Shak.
CONVEX,Rising or swelling into a spherical or rounded form; regularlyprotuberant or
bulging; -- said of a spherical surface or curved linewhen viewed from without, in
opposition to concave.Drops of water naturally form themselves into figures with a
convexsurface. Whewell.Double convex, convex on both sides; convexo-convex.
CONVEXED,Made convex; protuberant in a spherical form. Sir T. Browne.
CONVEXEDLY,In a convex form; convexly. Sir T. Browne.
CONVEXEDNESS,Convexity.
CONVEXITY,The state of being convex; the exterior surface of a convexbody;
roundness.A smooth, uniform convexity and rotundity of a globe. Bentley.
CONVEXLY,In a convex form; as, a body convexly shaped.
CONVEXNESS,The state of being convex; convexity.
CONVEXO-CONCAVE,Convex on one side, and concave on the other. The curves of
theconvex and concave sides may be alike or may be different. SeeMeniscus.
CONVEXO-CONVEX,Convex on botConvex, a.
CONVEXO-PLANE,Convex on one side, and flat on the other; plano-convex.
CONVEY,To play the thief; to steal. [Cant]But as I am Crack, I will convey,
crossbite, and cheat uponSimplicius. Marston.
CONVEYABLE,Capable of being conveyed or transferred. Burke.
CONVEYANCE,The act by which the title to property, esp. real estate, istransferred;
transfer of ownership; an instrument in writing (as adeed or mortgage), by which
the title to property is conveyed fromone person to another.[He] found the
conveyances in law to be so firm, that in justice hemust decree the land to the
earl. Clarendon.
CONVEYANCER,One whose business is to draw up conveyances of property, asdeeds,
mortgages, leases, etc. Burrill.
CONVEYANCING,The business of a conveyancer; the act or business of drawingdeeds,
leases, or other writings, for transferring the title toproperty from one person to
another.
CONVEYOR,A contrivance for carrying objects from place to place; esp.,one for
conveying grain, coal, etc., -- as a spiral or screw turningin a pipe or trough, an
endless belt with buckets, or a truck runningalong a rope.
CONVICIATE,To utter reproaches; to raise a clamor; to rail. [Obs.]To conviciate
instead of accusing. Laud.
CONVICINITY,Immediate vicinity; neighborhood.The convicinity and contiguity of the
two parishes. T. Warton.
CONVICIOUS,Expressing reproach; abusive; railing; taunting. [Obs.]"Convicious
words." Queen Elizabeth (1559).
CONVICT,Proved or found guilty; convicted. [Obs.] Shak.Convict by flight, and rebel
to all law. Milton.
CONVICTIBLE,Capable of being convicted. [R.] Ash.
CONVICTION,A judgment of condemnation entered by a court havingjurisdiction; the
act or process of finding guilty, or the state ofbeing found guilty of any crime by
a legal tribunal.Conviction may accrue two ways. Blackstone.
CONVICTISM,The policy or practice of transporting convicts to penalsettlements.
"The evils of convictism." W. Howitt.
CONVICTIVE,Convincing. [R.]The best and most convictive argument. Glanwill.--
Con*vict"ive*ly, adv.-- Con*vict"ive*ness, n.
CONVINCEMENT,Act of convincing, or state of being convinced; conviction.[R.]The
fear of a convincement. Milton.
CONVINCER,One who, or that which, convinces; one who wins over by proof.
CONVINCINGLY,in a convincing manner; in a manner to compel assent.
CONVINCINGNESS,The power of convincing, or the quality of being convincing.
CONVIVAL,pertaining to a feast or to festivity; convivial. [Obs.] "Aconvival dish."
Sir T. Browne.
CONVIVE,To feast together; to be convivial. [Obs.] "There, in the full,convive we."
Shak.
CONVIVIAL,Of or relating to a feast or entertainment, or to eating anddrinking,
with accompanying festivity; festive; social; gay; jovial.Which feasts convivial
meetings we did name. Denham.
CONVIVIALIST,A person of convivial habits.
CONVIVIALITY,The good humor or mirth indulged in upon festive occasions; aconvivial
spirit or humor; festivity.
CONVIVIALLY,In a convivial manner.
CONVOCATE,To convoke; to call together. [Obs.] May (Lucan).
CONVOCATION,An assembly of the clergy, by their representatives, to consulton
ecclesiastical affairs.
CONVOCATIONAL,Of or pertaining to a convocation.
CONVOCATIONIST,An advocate or defender of convocation.
CONVOKE,To call together; to summon to meet; to assemble by summons.There remained
no resource but the dreadful one of convoking aparliament. palfrey.
CONVOLUTE,Rolled or wound together, one part upon another; -- said of theleaves of
plants in æstivation.
CONVOLUTION,An irregular, tortuous folding of an organ or part; as, theconvolutions
of the intestines; the cerebral convolutions. See Brain.
CONVOLVE,To roll or wind together; to roll or twist one part on another.Then Satan
first knew pain, And writhed him to and fro convolved.Milton.
CONVOLVULACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of whichthe
bindweed and the morning-glory are common examples.
CONVOLVULIN,A glucoside occurring in jalap (the root of a convolvulaceousplant),
and extracted as a colorless, tasteless, gummy mass ofpowerful purgative
properties.
CONVOLVULUS,A large genus of plants having monopetalous flowers, includingthe
common bindweed (C. arwensis), and formerly the morning-glory,but this is now
transferred to the genus Ipomæa.The luster of the long convolvuluses That coiled
around the statelystems. Tennyson.
CONVOY,To accompany for protection, either by sea or land; to attendfor protection;
to escort; as, a frigate convoys a merchantman.I know ye skillful to convoy The
total freight of hope and joy.Emerson.
CONVULSION,An unnatural, violent, and unvoluntary contraction of themuscular parts
of an animal body.
CONVULSIONAL,Pertaining to, or having, convulsions; convulsionary. [R.]Lamb.
CONVULSIONARY,Pertaining to convulsion; convulsive. "Convulsionarystruggles." Sir
W. Scott.
CONVULSIONIST,One who has convulsions; esp., one of a body of fanatics inFrance,
early in the eighteenth century, who went into convulsionsunder the influence of
religious emotion; as, the Convulsionists ofSt. Médard.
CONVULSIVE,Producing, or attended with, convulsions or spasms;characterized by
convulsions; convulsionary.An irregular, convulsive movement may be necessary to
throw off anirregular, convulsive disease. Burke.
CONVULSIVELY,in a convulsive manner.
CONY-CATCH,To deceive; to cheat; to trick. [Obs.]Take heed, Signor Baptista, lest
you be cony-catched in the thisbusiness. Shak.
CONY-CATCHER,A cheat; a sharper; a deceiver. [Obs.] Minsheu.
CONYLENE,An oily substance, C8H14, obtained from several derivatives ofconine.
CONYRINE,A blue, fluorescent, oily base (regarded as a derivative ofpyridine),
obtained from conine.
COO,A peculiar whistling sound made by the Australian aborigenes asa call or
signal. [Written also cooie.]
COOK,To make the noise of the cuckoo. [Obs. or R.]Constant cuckoos cook on every
side. The Silkworms (1599).
COOKBOOK,A book of directions and receipts for cooking; a cookery book.[U.S.]"Just
How": a key to the cookbooks. Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney.
COOKEE,A female cook. [R.]
COOKERY,See Cooky.
COOKMAID,A female servant or maid who dresses provisions and assists thecook.
COOKROOM,A room for cookery; a kitchen; the galley or caboose of a ship.Sir W.
Raleigh.
COOKSHOP,An eating house. "A subterranean cookshop." Macaulay.
COOKY,A small, flat, sweetened cake of various kinds.
COOL,A moderate state of cold; coolness; -- said of the temperatureof the air
between hot and cold; as, the cool of the day; the cool ofthe morning or evening.
COOL-HEADED,Having a temper not easily excited; free from passion.-- Cool"-
head`ed*ness, n.
COOLER,That which cools, or abates heat or excitement.if acid things were used only
as coolers, they would not be so properin this case. Arbuthnot.
COOLIE,Same as Cooly.
COOLING,Adapted to cool and refresh; allaying heat. "The coolingbrook." Goldsmith.
Cooling card, something that dashes hopes. [Obs.]-- Cooling time (Law), such a
lapse of time as ought, taking all thecircumstances of the case in view, to produce
a subsiding of passionpreviously provoked. Wharton.
COOLISH,Somewhat cool.The nights began to grow a little coolish. Goldsmith.
COOLLY,Coolish; cool. [Obs.] Spenser.
COOLUNG,The great gray crane of India (Grus cinerea). [Also writtencoolen and
cullum.]
COOM,Soot; coal dust; refuse matter, as the dirty grease which comesfrom axle
boxes, or the refuse at the mouth of an oven. Phillips.Bailey.
COOMB,A dry measure of four bushels, or half a quarter. [Written alsocomb.]
COON,A raccoon. See Raccoon.
COONCAN,A game of cards derived from conquian, played by two or moreplayers with
one or two full packs of cards.
COONTIE,A cycadaceous plant of Florida and the West Indies, the Zamiaintegrifolia,
from the stems of which a kind of sago is prepared.
COOP,To confine in a coop; hence, to shut up or confine in a narrowcompass; to
cramp; -- usually followed by up, sometimes by in.The Trojans coopet within their
walls so long. Dryden.The contempt of all other knowledge . . . coops the
understanding upwithin narrow bounds. Locke.
COOPEE,See Coupe. [Obs.] Johnson.
COOPER,One who makes barrels, hogsheads, casks, etc.
COOPERANT,Operating together; as, coöperant forces.
COOPERATE,To act or operate jointly with another or others; to concur inaction,
effort, or effect.Whate'er coöperates to the common mirth. Crashaw.
COOPERATION,The association of a number of persons for their benefit.
COOPERATIVE,Operating jointly to the same end. Coöperative society, asociety
established on the principle of a joint-stock association,for the production of
commodities, or their purchase and distributionfor consumption, or for the
borrowing and lending of capital amongits members.-- Coöperative store, a store
established by a coöperative society,where the members make their purchases and
share in the profits orlosses.
COOPERATOR,One who labors jointly with others to promote the same end."Coöperators
with the truth." Boyle.
COOPERING,Work done by a cooper in making or repairing barrels, casks,etc.; the
business of a cooper.
COOPERY,Relating to a cooper; coopered. [Obs.]Coopery vessels made of wood.
Holland.
COOPT,To choose or elect in concert with another. [R.]Each of the hundred was to
coöpt three others. Jowett (Thysyd. ).
COOPTATE,To choose; to elect; to coöpt. [Obs.] Cockeram.
COOPTATION,The act of choosing; selection; choice. [Obs.]The first election and
coöptation of a friend. Howell.
COORDAIN,To ordain or appoint for some purpose along with another.
COORDINANCE,Joint ordinance.
COORDINATE,Equal in rank or order; not subordinate.Whether there was one Supreme
Governor of the world, or manycoördinate powers presiding over each country.
Law.Conjunctions joint sentences and coördinate terms. Rev. R. Morris.Coördinate
adjectives, adjectives disconnected as regards aneanother, but referring equally to
the same subject.-- Coördinate conjunctions, conjunctions joining
independentpropositions. Rev. R. Morris.
COORDINATELY,In a coördinate manner.
COORDINATENESS,The state of being coördinate; equality of rank or authority.
COORDINATIVE,Expressing coördination. J. W. Gibbs.
COOTFOOT,The pharalope; -- so called because its toes are like thecoot's.
COOTHAY,A striped satin made in India. McElrath.
COP,same as Merlon.
COP-ROSE,The red, or corn, poppy. [Written also cup-rose.]
COPAL,A resinous substance flowing spontaneously from trees ofZanzibar, Madagascar,
and South America (Trachylobium Hornemannianum,T. verrocosum, and Hymenæa
Courbaril), and dug from earth whereforests have stood in Africa; -- used chiefly
in making varnishes. Ur
COPALM,The yellowish, fragrant balsam yielded by the sweet gum; also,the tree
itself.
COPARCENARY,Partnership in inheritance; joint heirship; joint right ofsucession to
an inheritance.
COPARCENER,One who has an equal portion with others of an inheritance.All the
coparceners together make but one heir, and have but oneestate among them.
blackstone.
COPARCENY,An equal share of an inheritance.
COPART,To share. [Obs.]For, of all miserias, I hold that chief Wretched to be, when
nonecoparts our grief. Webster (1661).
COPARTMENT,A compartment. [Obs.] T. Warton.
COPARTNER,One who is jointly concerned with one or more persons inbusiness, etc.; a
partner; an associate; a partaker; a sharer.the associates and copartners of our
loss. Milton.
COPARTNERY,the state of being copartners in any undertaking. [R.]
COPATAIN,Having a high crown, or a point or peak at top. [Obs.]A copatain hat made
on a Flemish block. Gascoigne.
COPATRIOT,A joint patriot.
COPE,The top part of a flask or mold; the outer part of a loam mold.Knight. De
Colange.
COPE-CHISEL,A narrow chisel adapted for cutting a groove. Knight.
COPECK,A Russian copper coin. See Kopeck.
COPED,Clad in a cope.
COPELATA,See Larvalla.
COPEMAN,A chapman; a dealer; a merchant. [Obs.]He would have sold his part of
paradise For ready money, had he met acopeman. B. Jonson.
COPENHAGEN,A sweetened hot drink of spirit and beaten eggs.
COPEPOD,Of or pertaining to the Copepoda.-- n.
COPEPODA,An order of Entomastraca, including many minute Crustacea, bothfreshwater
and marine.
COPERNICAN,Pertaining to Copernicus, a Prussian by birth (b. 1473, d.1543), who
taught the world the solar system now received, called theCopernican system.
COPESMATE,An associate or companion; a friend; a partner. [Obs.]Misshapen time,
copesmate of ugly Night. Shak.
COPESTONE,A stone for coping. See Coping.
COPING,The highest or covering course of masonry in a wall, often withsloping edges
to carry off water; -- sometimes called capping. Gwill.
COPIOUS,Large in quantity or amount; plentiful; abundant; fruitful.Kindly pours its
copious treasures forth. Thomson.Hail, Son of God, Savior of men! thy name Shall be
the copious matterof my song. Milton.
COPIOUSLY,In a copious manner.
COPIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being copious; abudance; plenty;
also,diffuseness in style.To imitatethe copiousness of Homer. Dryden.
COPIST,A copier. [Obs.] "A copist after nature." Shaftesbury.
COPLANAR,Situated in one plane.
COPLAND,A piece of ground terminating in a point or acute angle. [Obs.]
COPORTION,Equal share. [Obs.]Myself will bear . . . coportion of your pack.
Spenser.
COPPED,Rising to a point or head; conical; pointed; crested. Wiseman.
COPPEL,See Cupel.
COPPER WORKS,A place where copper is wrought or manufactured. Woodward.
COPPER,the boilers in the galley for cooking; as, a ship's coppers.
COPPER-BOTTOMED,Having a bottom made of copper, as a tin boiler or othervessel, or
sheathed with copper, as a ship.
COPPER-FACED,Faced or covered with copper; as, copper-faced type.
COPPER-FASTENED,Fastened with copper bolts, as the planks of ships, etc.; as,
acopper-fastened ship.
COPPER-NICKEL,Nicolite.
COPPER-NOSE,A red nose. Shak.
COPPERAS,Green vitriol, or sulphate of iron; a green crystallinesubstance, of an
astringent taste, used in making ink, in dyeingblack, as a tonic in medicine, etc.
It is made on a large scale bythe oxidation of iron pyrites. Called also ferrous
sulphate.
COPPERHEAD,A poisonous American serpent (Ancistrodon conotortrix), closelyallied to
the rattlesnake, but without rattles; -- called alsocopper-belly, and red viper.
COPPERISH,Containing, or partaking of the nature of, copper; like copper;as, a
copperish taste.
COPPERSMITH,One whose occupation is to manufacture copper utensils; aworker in
copper.
COPPERY,Mixed with copper; containing copper, or made of copper; likecopper.
COPPICE,A grove of small growth; a thicket of brushwood; a wood cut atcertain times
for fuel or other purposes. See Copse.The rate of coppice lands will fall, upon the
discovery of coalmines. Locke.
COPPIN,A cop of thread.
COPPLE DUST,Cupel dust. [Obs.]Powder of steel, or copple dust. Bacon.
COPPLE,Something rising in a conical shape; specifically, a hillrising to a point.A
low cape, and upon it a copple not very high. Hakluyt.
COPPLE-CROWN,A created or high-topped crown or head. "Like the copple-crownthe
lapwing has." T. Randolph.-- Cop"ple-crowned`, a.
COPPLED,Rising to a point; conical; copped. [Obs.] Woodward.
COPPLESTONE,A cobblestone. [Obs.]
COPPS,See Copse. [Obs.]
COPRA,The dried meat of the cocoanut, from which cocoanut oil isexpressed. [Written
also cobra, copperah, coppra.]
COPROLITE,A piece of petrified dung; a fossil excrement.
COPROLITIC,Containing, pertaining to, or of the nature of, coprolites.
COPROPHAGAN,A kind of beetle which feeds upon dung.
COPROPHAGOUS,Feeding upon dung, as certain insects.
COPS,The connecting crook of a harrow. [Prov. Eng.]
COPSE,A wood of small growth; a thicket of brushwood. See Coppice.Near yonder copse
where once the garden smiled. Goldsmith.
COPSEWOOD,Brushwood; coppice. Macaulay.
COPSY,Characterized by copses. "Copsy villages." "Copsy banks." J.Dyer.
COPTIC CHURCH,The native church of Egypt or church of Alexandria, which ingeneral
organization and doctrines resembles the Roman CatholicChurch, except that it holds
to the Monophysitic doctrine which wascondemned (a. d. 451) by the council of
Chalcedon, and allows itspriests to marry. The "pope and patriarch" has
jurisdiction over theAbyssinian Church. Since the 7th century the Coptic Church has
beenso isolated from modifying influences that in many respects it is themost
ancient monument of primitive Christian rites and ceremonies.But centuries of
subjection to Moslem rule have weakened and degradedit.
COPTIC,Of or pertaining to the Copts.-- n.
COPULA,The word which unites the subject and predicate.
COPULATE,Joining subject and predicate; copulative. F. A. March.
COPULATIVE,Serving to couple, unite, or connect; as, a copulativeconjunction like
"and".
COPULATIVELY,In a copulative manner.
COPULATORY,Used in sexual union; as, the copulatory organs of insects.
COPY,Manuscript or printed matter to be set up in type; as, theprinters are calling
for more copy.
COPYER,See Copier.
COPYGRAPH,A contrivance for producing manifold copies of a writing ordrawing.
COPYHOLDER,One possessed of land in copyhold.
COPYING,From Copy, v. Copying ink. See under Ink.-- Copying paper, thin unsized
paper used for taking copies ofletters, etc., in a copying press.-- Copying press,
a machine for taking by pressure, an exact copy ofletters, etc., written in copying
ink.
COPYIST,A copier; a transcriber; an imitator; a plagiarist.
COPYRIGHT,The right of an author or his assignee, under statute, to printand
publish his literary or artistic work, exclusively of all otherpersons. This right
may be had in maps, charts, engravings, plays,and musical compositions, as well as
in books.
COQUE,A small loop or bow of ribbon used in making hats, boas, etc.
COQUELICOT,The wild poppy, or red corn rose.
COQUET,To attempt to attract the notice, admiration, or love of; totreat with a
show of tenderness or regard, with a view to deceive anddisappoint.You are
coquetting a maid of honor. Swift.
COQUETRY,Attempts to attract admoration, notice, or love, for the meregratification
of vanity; trifling in love. "Little affectations ofcoquetry." Addison.
COQUETTE,A tropical humming bird of the genus Lophornis, with veryelegant neck
plumes. Several species are known. See Illustrationunder Spangle, v. t.
COQUETTISH,Practicing or exhibiting coquetry; alluring; enticing.A pretty,
coquettish housemaid. W. Irving.
COQUETTISHLY,In a coquettish manner.
COQUILLA NUT,The fruit of a Brazilian tree (Attalea funifera of Martius.).
COQUIMBITE,A mineral consisting principally of sulphate of iron; whitecopperas; --
so called because found in the province of Coquimbo,Chili.
COQUINA,A soft, whitish, coral-like stone, formed of broken shells andcorals, found
in the southern United States, and used for roadbedsand for building material, as
in the fort at St. Augustine, Florida.
COR,A Hebrew measure of capacity; a homer. [Written also core.]
COR-,A prefix signifying with, together, etc. See Com-.
CORA,The Arabian gazelle (Gazella Arabica), found from persia toNorth Africa.
CORACLE,A boat made by covering a wicker frame with leather oroilcloth. It was used
by the ancient Britons, and is still used byfisherman in Wales and some parts of
Ireland. Also, a similar boatused in Thibet and in Egypt.
CORACOID,Pertaining to a bone of the shoulder girdle in most birds,reptiles, and
amphibians, which is reduced to a process of thescapula in most mammals.
CORAGE,See Courage [Obs.]To Canterbury with full devout corage. Chaucer.
CORAH,Plain; undyed; -- applied to Indian silk. -- n.
CORAL FISH,Any bright-colored fish of the genera Chætodon, Pomacentrus,Apogon, and
related genera, which live among reef corals.
CORAL,The hard parts or skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a fewHydrozoa. Similar
structures are also formed by some Bryozoa.
CORAL-RAG,Same as Corallian.
CORALED,Having coral; covered with coral.
CORALLACEOUS,Like coral, or partaking of its qualities.
CORALLIAN,A deposit of coralliferous limestone forming a portion of themiddle
division of the oölite; -- called also coral-rag.
CORALLIFEROUS,Containing or producing coral.
CORALLIFORM,resembling coral in form.
CORALLIGENA,Same as Anthozoa.
CORALLIGENOUS,producing coral; coraligerous; coralliferous. Humble.
CORALLIGEROUS,Producing coral; coraliferous.
CORALLIN,A yellow coal-tar dyestuff which probably consists chiefly ofrosolic acid.
See Aurin, and Rosolic acid under Rosolic. Redcorallin, a red dyestuff which is
obtained by treating aurin orrosolic acid with ammonia; -- called also pæonin.--
Yellow corallin. See Aurin.
CORALLINE,Composed of corallines; as, coralline limestone.
CORALLINITE,A fossil coralline.
CORALLITE,A mineral substance or petrifaction, in the form of coral.
CORALLOID,Having the form of coral; branching like coral.
CORALLOIDAL,resembling coral; coralloid. Sir T. browne.
CORALLUM,The coral or skeleton of a zoöphyte, whether calcareous ofhorny, simple or
compound. See Coral.
CORALWORT,A cruciferous herb of certain species of Dentaria; -- calledalso
toothwort, tooth violet, or pepper root.
CORANACH,A lamentation for the dead; a dirge. [Written also coranich,corrinoch,
coronach, cronach, etc.] [Scot.]
CORB,An ornament in a building; a corbel.
CORBE,Crooked. [Obs.] "Corbe shoulder." Spenser.
CORBEIL,A sculptured basket of flowers; a corbel. [Obs.]
CORBEL,A bracket supporting a superincumbent object, or receiving thespring of an
arch. Corbels were employed largely in Gothicarchitecture.
CORBEL-TABLE,A horizontal row of corbels, with the panels or filling betweenthem;
also, less properly used to include the stringcourse on them.
CORBIESTEP,One of the steps in which a gable wall is often finished inplace of a
continuous slope; -- also called crowstep.
CORCHORUS,The common name of the kerria Japonica or Japan globeflower, ayellow-
flowered, perennial, rosaceous plant, seen in old-fashionedgardens.
CORD,Any structure having the appearance of a cord, esp. a tendon ora nerve. See
under Spermatic, Spinal, Umbilical, Vocal.
CORDAGE,Ropes or cords, collectively; hence, anything made of rope orcord, as those
parts of the rigging of a ship which consist of ropes.
CORDAL,Same as Cordelle.
CORDATE,Heart-shaped; as, a cordate leaf.
CORDATELY,In a cordate form.
CORDED,Bound about, or wound, with cords.
CORDELIER,A Franciscan; -- so called in France from the girdle of knottedcord worn
by all Franciscans.
CORDELING,Twisting.
CORDELLE,A twisted cord; a tassel. Halliwell.
CORDIAL,Any invigorating and stimulating preparation; as, a peppermintcordial.
CORDIALIZE,To grow cordial; to feel or express cordiality. [R.]
CORDIALLY,In a cordial manner. Dr. H. More.
CORDIALNESS,Cordiality. Cotgrave.
CORDIERITE,See Iolite.
CORDIFORM,Heart-shaped. Gray.
CORDILLERA,A mountain ridge or chain.
CORDINER,A cordwainer. [Obs.]
CORDITE,A smokeless powder composed of nitroglycerin, guncotton, andmineral jelly,
and used by the British army and in other services. Inmaking it the ingredients are
mixed into a paste with the addition ofacetone and pressed out into cords (of
various diameters) resemblingbrown twine, which are dried and cut to length. A
variety containingless nitroglycerin than the original is known as cordite M. D.
CORDON,The coping of the scarp wall, which projects beyong the face ofthe wall a
few inches.
CORDONNET,Doubled and twisted thread, made of coarse silk, and used fortassels,
fringes, etc. McElrath.
CORDOVAN,Same as Cordwain. in England the name is applied to leathermade from
horsehide.
CORDUROY,Trousers or breeches of corduroy. Corduroy road, a roadwayformed of logs
laid side by side across it, as in marshy places; --so called from its rough or
ribbed surface, resembling corduroy.[U.S.]
CORDWAIN,A term used in the Middle Ages for Spanish leather (goatskintanned and
dressed), and hence, any leather handsomely finished,colored, gilded, or the
like.Buskins he wore of costliest cordwain. Spenser.
CORDWAINER,A worker in cordwain, or cordovan leather; a shoemaker.[Archaic.]
CORDY,Of, or like, cord; having cords or cordlike parts.
CORE LOSS,Energy wasted by hysteresis or eddy currents in the core of anarmature,
transformer, etc.
CORE,A body of individuals; an assemblage. [Obs.]He was in a core of people. Bacon.
COREOPSIS,A genus of herbaceous composite plants, having the achenes two-horned and
remotely resembling some insect; tickseed. C. tinctoria,of the Western plains, the
commonest plant of the genus, has beenused in dyeing.
COREPLASTY,A plastic operation on the pupil, as for forming an artificialpupil. --
Cor`e*plas"tic (-plas"tik), a.
CORER,That which cores; an instrument for coring fruit; as, an applecorer.
CORF,A native or inhabitant of Corfu, an island in the MediterraneanSea.
CORIACEOUS,Stiff, like leather or parchment.
CORIANDER,An umbelliferous plant, the Coriandrum sativum, the fruit orseeds of
which have a strong smell and a spicy taste, and in medicineare considered as
stomachic and carminative.
CORIDINE,A colorless or yellowish oil, C10H15N, of a leathery odor,occuring in coal
tar, Dippel's oil, tobacco smoke, etc., regarded asan organic base, homologous with
pyridine. Also, one of a series ofmetameric compounds of which coridine is a type.
[Written alsocorindine.]
CORINDON,See Corrundum.
CORINNE,The common gazelle (Gazella dorcas). See Gazelle. [Written alsokorin.]
CORINTHIAC,Pertaining to Corinth.
CORINTHIAN,Of or pertaining to the Corinthian order of architecture,invented by the
Greeks, but more commonly used by the Romans.This is the lightest and most
ornamental of the three orders used bythe Greeks. Parker.
CORIVAL,A rival; a corrival.
CORK FOSSIL,A variety of amianthus which is very light, like cork.
CORKAGE,The charge made by innkeepers for drawing the cork and takingcare of
bottles of wine bought elsewhere by a guest.
CORKED,having acquired an unpleasant taste from the cork; as, a bottleof wine is
corked.
CORKINESS,The quality of being corky.
CORKING PIN,A pin of a large size, formerly used attaching a woman'sheaddress to a
cork mold. [Obs.] Swift.
CORKSCREW,An instrument with a screw or a steel spiral for drawing corksfrom
bottles. Corkscrew starts, a spiral staircase around a solidnewel.
CORKWING,A fish; the goldsinny.
CORKWOOD,The tree producing the aligator apple. (3)
CORM,A solid bulb-shaped root, as of the crocus. See Bulb.
CORMOGENY,The embryological history of groups or families of individuals.
CORMOPHYLOGENY,The phylogeny of groups or families of individuals. Haeckel.
CORMORANT,Any species of Phalacrocorax, a genus of sea birds having a sacunder the
beak; the shag. Cormorants devour fish voraciously, andhave become the emblem of
gluttony. They are generally black, andhence are called sea ravens, and coalgeese.
[Written also corvorant.]
CORMORAUT,Ravenous; voracious.Cormorant, devouring time. Shak.
CORMUS,See Corm.
CORN,A thickening of the epidermis at some point, esp. on the toees,by friction or
pressure. It is usually painful and troublesome.Welkome, gentlemen! Ladies that
have their toes Unplagued with corns,will have a bout with you. Shak.
CORNAGE,Anancient tenure of land, which obliged the tenant to givenotice of an
invasion by blowing a horn.
CORNAMUTE,A cornemuse. [Obs.]
CORNBIND,A weed that binds stalks of corn, as Convolvulus arvensis,Polygonum
Convolvulus. [Prov. Eng.]
CORNCOB,The cob or axis on which the kernels of Indian corn grow.[U.S.]
CORNCRAKE,A bird (Crex crex or C. pratensis) which frequents grainfields; the
European crake or land rail; -- called also corn bird.
CORNCRIB,A crib for storing corn.
CORNDODGER,A cake made of the meal of Indian corn, wrapped in a coveringof husks or
paper, and baked under the embers. [U.S.] Bartlett.
CORNEA,The transparent part of the coat of the eyeball which coversthe iris and
pupil and admits light to the interior. See Eye.
CORNEAL,Pertaining to the cornea.
CORNEL,The cornelian cherry (Cornus Mas), a European shrub withclusters of small,
greenish flowers, followed by very acid but edibledrupes resembling cherries.
CORNELIAN,Same as Carnelian.
CORNEMUSE,A wind instrument nearly identical with the bagpipe. Drayton.
CORNEOCALCAREOUS,Formed of a mixture of horny and calcareous materials, as
someshells and corals.
CORNEOUS,Of a texture resembling horn; horny; hard. Sir T. Browne.
CORNERCAP,The chief ornament. [Obs.]Thou makest the triumviry the cornercap of
society. Shak.
CORNERED,1 Having corners or angles.
CORNERWISE,With the corner in front; diagonally; not square.
CORNET,See Coronet, 2.
CORNET-A-PISTON,A brass wind instrument, like the trumpet, furnished withvalves
moved by small pistons or sliding rods; a cornopean; a cornet.
CORNETCY,The commission or rank of a cornet.
CORNETER,One who blows a cornet.
CORNEULE,One of the corneas of a compound eye in the invertebrates.Carpenter.
CORNFIELD,A field where corn is or has been growing; -- in England, afield of
wheat, rye, barley, or oats; in America, a field of Indiancorn.
CORNFLOOR,A thrashing floor. Hos. ix. 1.
CORNFLOWER,A conspicuous wild flower (Centaurea Cyanus), growing ingrainfields.
CORNIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, the dogwood (Cornusflorida).
CORNICE,Any horizontal, molded or otherwise decorated projection whichcrowns or
finishes the part to which it is affixed; as, the corniceof an order, pedestal,
door, window, or house. Gwilt. Cornice ring,the ring on a cannon next behind the
muzzle ring.
CORNICED,Having a cornice.
CORNICLE,A little horn. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
CORNICULAR,A secretary or clerk. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CORNICULATE,Having processes resembling small horns.
CORNICULUM,A small hornlike part or process.
CORNIFEROUS,Of or pertaining to the lowest period of the Devonian age.(Seethe
Diagram, under Geology.) The Corniferous period has been socalled from the numerous
seams of hornstone which characterize thelater part of the period, as developed in
the State of New York.
CORNIFIC,Producing horns; forming horn.
CORNIFICATION,Conversion into, or formation of, horn; a becoming like horn.
CORNIFIED,Converted into horn; horny.
CORNIFORM,Having the shape of a horn; horn-shaped.
CORNIGEROUS,Horned; having horns; as, cornigerous animals. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
CORNIPLUME,A hornlike tuft of feathers on the head of some birds.
CORNISH,Of or pertaining to Cornwall, in England. Cornish chough. SeeChough.--
Cornish engine, a single-acting pumping engine, used in mines, inCornwall and
elsewhere, and for water works. A heavy pump rod orplunger, raised by the steam,
forces up the water by its weight, indescending.
CORNIST,A performer on the cornet or horn.
CORNLOFT,A loft for corn; a granary.
CORNMUSE,A cornemuse.
CORNO DI BASSETTO,A tenor clarinet; -- called also basset horn, and
sometimesconfounded with the English horn, which is a tenor oboe.
CORNO INGLESE,A reed instrument, related to the oboe, but deeper in pitch;the
English horn.
CORNOPEAN,An obsolete name for the cornet-à-piston.
CORNSHELLER,A machine that separates the kernels of corn from the cob.
CORNSHUCK,The husk covering an ear of Indian corn. [Colloq. U.S.]
CORNSTALK,A stalk of Indian corn.
CORNSTARCH,Starch made from Indian corn, esp. a fine white flour used forpuddings,
etc.
CORNU AMMONIS,A fossil shell, curved like a ram's horn; an obsolete name foran
ammonite.
CORNU,A horn, or anything shaped like or resembling a horn.
CORNUCOPIA,A genus of grasses bearing spikes of flowers resembling thecornucopia in
form.
CORNUTE,To bestow horns upon; to make a cuckold of; to cuckold. [Obs.]Burton.
CORNUTO,A man that wears the horns; a cuckold. [R.] Shak.
CORNUTOR,A cuckold maker. [R.] Jordan.
CORNY,Strong, stiff, or hard, like a horn; resembling horn.Up stood the cornu reed.
Milton.
COROCORE,A kind of boat of various forms, used in the IndianArchipelago.
CORODY,An allowance of meat, drink, or clothing due from an abbey orother religious
house for the sustenance of such of the king'sservants as he may designate to
receive it. [Written also corrody.]
COROL,A corolla.
COROLLA,The inner envelope of a flower; the part which surrounds theorgans of
fructification, consisting of one or more leaves, calledpetals. It is usually
distinguished from the calyx by the fineness ofits texture and the gayness of its
colors. See the Note underBlossom.
COROLLACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, a corolla; having the form ortexture of
a corolla.
COROLLARY,Having a corolla or corollas; like a corolla.
COROLLET,A floret in an aggregate flower. [Obs.] Martyn.
COROLLINE,Of or pertaining to a corolla.
COROMANDEL,The west coast, or a portion of the west coast, of the Bay ofBengal.
Coromandel gooseberry. See Carambola.-- Coromandel wood, Calamander wood.
CORONA,The projecting part of a Classic cornice, the under side ofwhich is cut with
a recess or channel so as to form a drip. SeeIllust. of Column.
CORONACH,See Coranach.
CORONAL,Of or pertaining to the shell of a sea urchin. Coronal suture(Anat.), a
suture extending across the skull between the parietal andfrontal bones; the
frontoparietal suture.
CORONAMEN,The upper margin of a hoof; a coronet.
CORONARY BONE,The small pastern bone of the horse and allied animals.
CORONARY CUSHION,A cushionlike band of vascular tissue at the upper border ofthe
wall of the hoof of the horse and allied animals. It takes animportant part in the
secretion of the horny walls.
CORONARY,Resembling, or situated like, a crown or circlet; as, thecoronary arteries
and veins of the heart.
CORONEL,A colonel. [Obs.] Spenser.
CORONER,An officer of the peace whose principal duty is to inquire,with the help of
a jury, into the cause of any violent, sudden ormysterious death, or death in
prison, usually on sight of the bodyand at the place where the death occurred. [In
England formerly alsowritten and pronounced crowner.]
CORONET,The upper part of a horse's hoof, where the horn terminates inskin. James
White.
CORONETED,Wearing, or entitled to wear, a coronet; of noble birth orrank.
CORONIFORM,Having the form of a crown or coronet; resembling a crown.
CORONILLA,A genus of plants related to the clover, having their flowersarranged in
little heads or tufts resembling coronets.
CORONIUM,The principal gaseous substance forming the solar corona,characterized by
a green line in the coronal spectrum.
CORONOID,Resembling the beak of a crow; as, the coronoid process of thejaw, or of
the ulna.
CORONULE,A coronet or little crown of a seed; the downy tuft on seeds.See Pappus.
Martyn.
COROUN,Crown. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CORPORACE,See Corporas.
CORPORAL,A noncommissioned officer, next below a sergeant. In the UnitedStates army
he is the lowest noncomissioned officer in a company ofinfantry. He places and
relieves sentinels. Corporal's guard, adetachment such as would be in charge of a
corporal for guard duty,etc.; hence, derisively, a very small number of persons.--
Lance corporal, an assistant corporal on private's pay. Farrow.-- Ship's corporal
(Naut.), a petty officer who assists the masterat arms in his various duties.
CORPORALLY,In or with the body; bodily; as, to be corporally present.Sharp.
CORPORALSHIP,A corporal's office.
CORPORAS,The corporal, or communion cloth. [Obs.] Fuller.
CORPORATE,To incorporate. [Obs.] Stow.
CORPORATION,A body politic or corporate, formed and authorized by law toact as a
single person, and endowed by law with the capacity ofsuccession; a society having
the capacity of transacting business asan individual.
CORPORATOR,A member of a corporation, esp. one of the original members.
CORPORATURE,The state of being embodied; bodily existence. [Obs.] Dr. H.More.
CORPOREAL,Having a body; consisting of, or pertaining to, a material bodyor
substance; material; -- opposed to spiritual or immaterial.His omnipotence That to
corporeal substance could add Speed almostspiritual. Milton.Corporeal property,
such as may be seen and handled (as opposed toincorporeal, which can not be seen or
handled, and exists only incontemplation). Mozley & W.
CORPOREALISM,Materialism. Cudworth.
CORPOREALIST,One who denies the reality of spiritual existences; amaterialist.Some
corporealists pretended . . . to make a world without a God. Bp.Berkeley.
CORPOREALITY,The state of being corporeal; corporeal existence.
CORPOREALLY,In the body; in a bodily form or manner.
CORPOREALNESS,Corporeality; corporeity.
CORPOREITY,The state of having a body; the state of being corporeal;materiality.The
one attributed corporeity to God. Bp. Stillingfleet.Those who deny light to be
matter, do not therefore deny itscorporeity. Coleridge.
CORPORIFY,To embody; to form into a body. [Obs.] Boyle.
CORPOSANT,St. Elmo's fire. See under Saint.
CORPS,The land with which a prebend or other ecclesiastical office isendowed.
[Obs.]The prebendaries over and above their reserved rents have a corps.Bacon.Army
corps, or (French) Corps d'armée (k, a body containing two ormore divisions of a
large army, organized as a complete army initself.-- Corps de logis (ke l Etym:
[F., body of the house], the principalmass of a building, considered apart from its
wings.-- Corps diplomatique (k Etym: [F., diplomatic body], the body ofministers or
envoys accredited to a government.
CORPULENTLY,In a corpulent manner.
CORPUS,A body, living or dead; the corporeal substance of a thing.Corpus callosum
(k; pl. Corpora callosa (-s Etym: [NL., callous body](Anat.), the great band of
commissural fibers uniting the cerebralhemispheries. See Brain.-- Corpus Christi
(kr Etym: [L., body of Christ] (R. C. Ch.), afestival in honor of the eucharist,
observed on the Thursday afterTrinity Sunday.-- Corpus Christi cloth. Same as Pyx
cloth, under Pyx.-- Corpus delicti (d Etym: [L., the body of the crime] (Law),
thesubstantial and fundamental fact of the comission of a crime; theproofs
essential to establish a crime.-- Corpus luteum (l; pl. Corpora lutea (-. Etym:
[NL., luteous body](Anat.), the reddish yellow mass which fills a ruptured
Grafianfollicle in the mammalian ovary.-- Corpus striatum (str; pl. Corpora striata
(-t. Etym: [NL.,striate body] (Anat.), a ridge in the wall of each lateral
ventricleof the brain.
CORPUSCLE,A protoplasmic animal cell; esp., such as float free, likeblood, lymph,
and pus corpuscles; or such as are imbedded in anintercellular matrix, like
connective tissue and cartilagecorpuscles. See Blood.Virchow showed that the
corpuscles of bone are homologous with thoseof connective tissue. Quain's Anat.Red
blood corpuscles (Physiol.), in man, yellowish, biconcave,circular discs varying
from 1/3500 to 1/3200 of an inch in diameterand about 1/12400 of an inch thick.
They are composed of a colorlessstroma filled in with semifluid hæmoglobin and
other matters. In mostmammals the red corpuscles are circular, but in the camels,
birds,reptiles, and the lower vertebrates generally, they are oval, andsometimes
more or less spherical in form. In Amphioxus, and mostinvertebrates, the blood
corpuscles are all white or colorless.-- White blood corpuscles (Physiol.),
rounded, slightly flattened,nucleated cells, mainly protoplasmic in composition,
and possessed ofcontractile power. In man, the average size is about 1/2500 of
aninch, and they are present in blood in much smaller numbers than thered
corpuscles.
CORPUSCULAR,Pertaining to, or composed of, corpuscles, or small
particles.Corpuscular philosophy, that which attempts to account for thephenomena
of nature, by the motion, figure, rest, position, etc., ofthe minute particles of
matter.-- Corpuscular theory (Opt.), the theory enunciated by Sir IsaacNewton, that
light consists in the emission and rapid progression ofminute particles or
corpuscles. The theory is now generally rejected,and supplanted by the undulatory
theory.
CORPUSCULARIAN,Corpuscular. [Obs.]
CORPUSCULE,A corpuscle. [Obs.]
CORPUSCULOUS,Corpuscular. Tyndall.
CORRADE,To erode, as the bed of a stream. See Corrosion.
CORRADIAL,Radiating to or from the same point. [R.] Coleridge.
CORRADIATE,To converge to one point or focus, as light or rays.
CORRADIATION,A conjunction or concentration of rays in one point. Bacom
CORRAL,A pen for animals; esp., an inclosure made with wagons, byemigrants in the
vicinity of hostile Indians, as a place of securityfor horses, cattle, etc.
CORRASION,The erosion of the bed of a stream by running water,principally by
attrition of the detritus carried along by the stream,but also by the solvent
action of the water.
CORRASIVE,Corrosive. [Obs.]Corrasive sores which eat into the flesh. Holland.
CORRECT,Set right, or made straight; hence, conformable to truth,rectitude, or
propriety, or to a just standard; nnot faulty orimperfect; free from error; as,
correct behavior; correct views.Always use the most correct editions. Felton.
CORRECTIFY,To correct. [Obs.]When your worship's plassed to correctify a lady. Beau
& Fl.
CORRECTIONAL,Tending to, or intended for, correction; used for correction;as, a
correctional institution.
CORRECTIONER,One who is, or who has been, in the house of correction. [Obs.]Shak.
CORRECTLY,In a correct manner; exactly; acurately; without fault orerror.
CORRECTNESS,The state or quality of being correct; as, the correctness ofopinions
or of manners; correctness of taste; correctness in writingor speaking; the
correctness of a text or copy.
CORRECTOR,One who, or that which, corrects; as, a corrector of abuses; acorrector
of the press; an alkali is a corrector of acids.
CORRECTORY,Containing or making correction; corrective.
CORRECTRESS,A woman who corrects.
CORREGIDOR,The chief magistrate of a Spanish town.
CORREI,A hollow in the side of a hill, where game usually lies. "Fleetfoot on the
correi." Sir W. Scott.
CORRELATABLE,Such as can be correlated; as, correlatable phenomena.
CORRELATE,To have reciprocal or mutual relations; to be mutually related.Doctrine
and worship correlate as theory and practice. Tylor.
CORRELATION,Reciprocal relation; corresponding similarity or parallelism ofrelation
or law; capacity of being converted into, or of giving placeto, one another, under
certain conditions; as, the correlation offorces, or of zymotic diseases.
Correlation of energy, the relationto one another of different forms of energy; --
usually having somereference to the principle of conservation of energy.
SeeConservation of energy, under Conservation.-- Correlation of forces, the
relation between the forces whichmatter, endowed with various forms of energy, may
exert.
CORRELATIVE,Having or indicating a reciprocal relation.Father and son, prince and
subject, stranger and citizen, arecorrelative terms. Hume.
CORRELATIVELY,In a correlative relation.
CORRELATIVENESS,Quality of being correlative.
CORRELIGIONIST,A co-religion
CORREPTION,Chiding; reproof; reproach. [Obs.]Angry, passionate correption being
rather apt to provoke, than toamend. Hammond.
CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL,A school that teaches by correspondence, the instruction
beingbased on printed instruction sheets and the recitation papers writtenby the
student in answer to the questions or requirements of thesesheets. In the broadest
sense of the term correspondence school maybe used to include any educational
institution or department forinstruction by correspondence, as in a university or
othereducational bodies, but the term is commonly applied to variouseducational
institutions organized on a commercial basis, some ofwhich offer a large variety of
courses in general and technicalsubjects, conducted by specialists.
CORRESPONDENCY,Same as Correspondence, 3.The correspondencies of types and
antitypes . . . may be veryreasonable confirmations. S. Clarke.
CORRESPONDENT,Suitable; adapted; fit; corresponding; congruous; conformable;in
accord or agreement; obedient; willing.Action correspondent or repugnant unto the
law. Hooker.As fast the correspondent passions rise. Thomson.I will be
correspondent to command. Shak.
CORRESPONDENTLY,In a a corresponding manner; conformably; suitably.
CORRESPONDINGLY,In a corresponding manner; conformably.
CORRESPONSIVE,Corresponding; conformable; adapted. Shak.-- Cor`re*spon"sive*ly,
adv.
CORRIDOR TRAIN,A train whose coaches are connected so as to have through itsentire
length a continuous corridor, into which the compartmentsopen. [Eng.]
CORRIDOR,A gallery or passageway leading to several apartments of ahouse.
CORRIE,Same as Correi. [Scot.] Geikie.
CORRIGENDUM,A fault or error to be corrected.
CORRIGENT,A substance added to a medicine to mollify or modify itsaction.
Dunglison.
CORRIGIBILITY,Quality of being corrigible; capability of being
corrected;corrigibleness.
CORRIGIBLENESS,The state or quality of being corrigible; corrigibility.
CORRIVAL,A fellow rival; a competitor; a rival; also, a companion. [R.]Shak.
CORRIVALRY,Corivalry. [R.]
CORRIVALSHIP,Corivalry. [R.]By the corrivalship of Shager his false friend. Sir T.
Herbert.
CORRIVATE,To cause to flow together, as water drawn from several streams.[Obs.]
Burton.
CORRIVATION,The flowing of different streams into one. [Obs.] Burton.
CORROBORANT,Strengthening; supporting; corroborating. Bacon.-- n.
CORROBORATE,Corroborated. [Obs.] Bacon.
CORROBORATIVE,Tending to strengthen of confirm.
CORROBORATORY,Tending to strengthen; corroborative; as, corroboratory facts.
CORROBORY,See Corroboree.
CORRODE,To have corrosive action; to be subject to corrosion. Corrodinglead, lead
sufficiently pure to be used in making white lead by aprocess of corroding.
CORRODENT,Corrosive. [R.] Bp. King.
CORRODIATE,To eat away by degrees; to corrode. [Obs.] Sandys.
CORRODIBILITY,The qualityof being corrodible. [R.] Johnson.
CORRODIBLE,Capable of being corroded; corrosible. Sir T. Browne.
CORROSIBILITY,Corrodibility. "Corrosibility . . . answers corrosiveness."Boyle.
CORROSIBLE,Corrodible. Bailey.
CORROSIBLENESS,The quality or state of being corrosible. Bailey.
CORROSION,The action or effect of corrosive agents, or the process ofcorrosive
change; as, the rusting of iron is a variety of corrosion.Corrosion is a particular
species of dissolution of bodies, either byan acid or a saline menstruum. John
Quincy.
CORROVAL,A dark brown substance of vegetable origin, allied to curare,and used by
the natives of New Granada as an arrow poison.
CORROVALINE,A poisonous alkaloid extracted from corroval, and characterizedby its
immediate action in paralyzing the heart.
CORRUGANT,Having the power of contracting into wrinkles. Johnson.
CORRUGATE,Wrinkled; crumpled; furrowed; contracted into ridges andfurrows.
CORRUGATION,The act corrugating; contraction into wrinkles or alternateridges and
grooves.
CORRUGATOR,A muscle which contracts the skin of the forehead intowrinkles.
CORRUGENT,Drawing together; contracting; -- said of the corrugator.[Obs.]
CORRUMP,To corrupt. See Corrupt. [Obs.] Chauser.
CORRUMPABLE,Corruptible. [Obs.]
CORRUPTER,One who corrupts; one who vitiates or taints; as, a corrupterof morals.
CORRUPTFUL,Tending to corrupt; full of corruption. [Obs.] "Corruptfulbribes."
Spenser.
CORRUPTIBILITY,The quality of being corruptible; the possibility or liabilityof
being corrupted; corruptibleness. Burke.
CORRUPTIBLE,That which may decay and perish; the human body. [Archaic] 1Cor. xv.
53.
CORRUPTINGLY,In a manner that corrupts.
CORRUPTIONIST,One who corrupts, or who upholds corruption. Sydney Smith.
CORRUPTIVE,Having the quality of taining or vitiating; tending to
producecorruption.It should be endued with some corruptive quality for so speedy
adissolution of the meat. Ray.
CORRUPTLESS,Not susceptible of corruption or decay; incorruptible. Dryden.
CORRUPTLY,In a corrupt manner; by means of corruption or corruptinginfluences;
wronfully.
CORRUPTNESS,The quality of being corrupt.
CORRUPTRESS,A woman who corrupts.Thou studied old corruptress. Beau & Fl.
CORSAC,The corsak.
CORSAGE,The waist or bodice of a lady's dress; as. a low corsage.
CORSAK,A small foxlike mammal (Cynalopex corsac), found in CentralAsia. [Written
also corsac.]
CORSELET,The thorax of an insect.
CORSEPRESENT,An offering made to the church at the interment of a dead
body.Blackstone.
CORSET,To inclose in corsets.
CORSLET,A corselet. [Obs.] Hakluyt.
CORSNED,The morsel of execration; a species of ordeal consisting in theeating of a
piece of bread consecrated by imprecation. If thesuspected person ate it freely, he
was pronounced innocent; but if itstuck in his throat, it was considered as a proof
of his guilt.Burril.
CORTEGE,A train of attendants; a procession.
CORTES GERAES,See Legislature, Portugal.
CORTES,The legislative assembly, composed of nobility, clergy, andrepresentatives
of cities, which in Spain and in Portugal answers, insome measure, to the
Parliament of Great Britain.
CORTEX,Bark; rind; specifically, cinchona bark.
CORTICAL,Belonging to, or consisting of, bark or rind; resembling barkor rind;
external; outer; superficial; as, the cortical substance ofthe kidney.
CORTICIFER,One of the Gorgoniacea; -- so called because the fleshy partsurrounds a
solid axis, like a bark.
CORTICIFEROUS,Having a barklike c
CORTICIFORM,Resembling, or having the form of, bark or rind.
CORTICINE,A material for carpeting or floor covering, made of ground corkand
caoutchouc or India rubber.
CORTICOSE,Abounding in bark; resembling bark; barky.
CORTICOUS,Relating to, or resembling, bark; corticose.
CORTILE,An open internal courtyard inclosed by the walls of a largedwelling house
or other large and stately building.
CORUNDUM,The earth alumina, as found native in a crystalline state,including
sapphire, which is the fine blue variety; the orientalruby, or red sapphire; the
oriental amethyst, or purple sapphire; andadamantine spar, the hair-brown variety.
It is the hardest substancefound native, next to the diamond.
CORUSCANT,Glittering in flashes; flashing. Howell.
CORUSCATE,To glitter in flashes; to flash.
CORVE,See Corf.
CORVEE,An obligation to perform certain services, as the repair ofroads, for the
lord or sovereign.
CORVEN,p. p. of Carve. Chaucer.
CORVETTO,A curvet. Peacham.
CORVINE,Of or pertaining to the crow; crowlike.
CORVORANT,See Cormorant.
CORYBANT,One of the priests of Cybele in Phrygia. The rites of theCorybants were
accompanied by wild music, dancing, etc.
CORYBANTIASM,A kind of frenzy in which the patient is tormented by fantasticvisions
and want of sleep. Dunglison.
CORYBANTIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the Corybantes or theirrites; frantic;
frenzied; as, a corybantic dance.
CORYMBED,Corymbose.
CORYMBIFEROUS,Bearing corymbs of flowers or fruit.
CORYMBOSE,Consisting of corymbs, or resembling them in form. [Writtenalso
corymbous.]
CORYMBOSELY,In corymbs.
CORYPHAENOID,Belonging to, or like, the genus Coryphæna. See Dolphin.
CORYPHEE,A ballet dancer.
CORYPHENE,A fish of the genus Coryphæna. See Dolphin. (2)
CORYPHEUS,The conductor, chief, or leader of the dramatic chorus; hence,the chief
or leader of a party or interest.That noted corypheus [Dr. John Owen] of the
Independent faction.South.
CORYPHODON,A genus of extinct mammals from the eocene tertiary of Europeand
America. Its species varied in size between the tapir andrhinoceros, and were
allied to those animals, but had short,plantigrade, five-toed feet, like the
elephant.
CORYPHODONT,Pertaining to, or resembling, the genus Coryphodon.
CORYZA,Nasal catarrh.
COSCINOMANCY,Divination by means of a suspended sieve.
COSCOROBA,A large, white, South American duck, of the genus Cascoroba,resembling a
swan.
COSECANT,The secant of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. ofFunctions.
COSEN,See Cozen.
COSENAGE,See Cozenage.
COSENING,Anything done deceitfully, and which could not be properlydesignated by
any special name, whether belonging to contracts ornot. Burrill.
COSENTIENT,Perceiving together.
COSEY,See Cozy. Dickens.
COSHER,To levy certain exactions or tribute upon; to lodge and eat atthe expense
of. See Coshering.
COSHERER,One who coshers.
COSHERING,A feudal prerogative of the lord of the soil entitling him tolodging and
food at his tenant's house. Burrill.Sometimes he contrived, in deflance of the law,
to live by coshering,that is to say, by quartering himself on the old tentants of
hisfamily, who, wretched as was their own condition, could not refuse aportion of
their pittance to one whom they still regarded as theirrightful lord. Macaulay.
COSIER,A tailor who botches his work. [Obs.] Shak.
COSIGNIFICATIVE,Having the same signification. Cockerham.
COSIGNITARY,Signing some important public document with another or withothers; as,
a treaty violated by one of the cosignitary powers.
COSILY,See Cozily.
COSINE,The sine of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. ofFunctions.
COSMETIC,Any external application intended to beautify and improve thecomplexion.
COSMICALLY,Belonging to cosmogony. B. Powell. Gladstone.
COSMOGONIST,One who treats of the origin of the universe; one versed incosmogony.
COSMOGONY,The creation of the world or universe; a theory or account ofsuch
creation; as, the poetical cosmogony of Hesoid; the cosmogoniesof Thales,
Anaxagoras, and Plato.The cosmogony or creation of the world has puzzled
philosophers ofall ages. Goldsmith.
COSMOGRAPHER,One who describes the world or universe, including the heavensand the
earth.The name of this island is nowhere found among the old and
ancientcosmographers. Robynson (More's Utopia).
COSMOGRAPHICALLY,In a cosmographic manner; in accordance with cosmography.
COSMOGRAPHY,A description of the world or of the universe; or the sciencewhich
teaches the constitution of the whole system of worlds, or thefigure, disposition,
and relation of all its parts.
COSMOLABE,An instrument resembling the astrolabe, formerly used formeasuring the
angles between heavenly bodies; -- called alsopantacosm.
COSMOLATRY,Worship paid to the world. Cudworth.
COSMOLINE,A substance obtained from the residues of the distillation ofpetroleum,
essentially the same as vaseline, but of somewhat stifferconsistency, and
consisting of a mixture of the higher paraffines; akind of petroleum jelly.
COSMOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to cosmology.
COSMOLOGIST,One who describes the universe; one skilled in cosmology.
COSMOLOGY,The science of the world or universe; or a treatise relating tothe
structure and parts of the system of creation, the elements ofbodies, the
modifications of material things, the laws of motion, andthe order and course of
nature.
COSMOMETRY,The art of measuring the world or the universe. Blount.
COSMOPLASTIC,Pertaining to a plastic force as operative in the formation ofthe
world independently of God; world-forming. "Cosmoplastic andhylozoic atheisms."
Gudworth.
COSMOPOLITANISM,The quality of being cosmopolitan; cosmopolitism.
COSMOPOLITE,See Cosmopolitan.
COSMOPOLITICAL,Having the character of a cosmopolite. [R.] Hackluyt.
COSMOPOLITISM,The condition or character of a cosmopolite; disregard ofnational or
local peculiarities and prejudices.
COSMORAMA,An exhibition in which a series of views in various parts ofthe world is
seen reflected by mirrors through a series of lenses,with such illumination, etc.,
as will make the views most closelyrepresent reality.
COSMORAMIC,Of or pertaining to a cosmorama.
COSMOSPHERE,An apparattus for showing the position of the earth, at anygiven time,
with respect to the fixed stars. It consist of a hollowglass globe, on which are
depicted the stars and constellations, andwithin which is a terrestrial globe.
COSMOTHEISM,Same as Pantheism. [R.]
COSMOTHETIC,Assuming or positing the actual existence or reality of thephysical or
external world. Cosmothetic idealists (Metaph.), thosewho assume, without
attempting to prove, the reality of externalobjects as corresponding to, and being
the ground of, the ideas ofwhich only the mind has direct cognizance.The
cosmothetic idealists . . . deny that mind is immediatelyconscious of matter. Sir
W. Hamilton.
COSOVEREIGN,A joint sovereign.
COSS,A Hindoo measure of distance, varying from one and a half totwo English miles.
Whitworth.
COSSACK POST,An outpost consisting of four men, forming one of a single lineof
posts substituted for the more formal line of sentinels and lineof pickets.
COSSACK,One of a warlike, pastoral people, skillful as horsemen,inhabiting
different parts of the Russian empire and furnishingvaluable contingents of
irregular cavalry to its armies, those ofLittle Russia and those of the Don forming
the principal divisions.
COSSAS,Plain India muslin, of various qualities and widths.
COSSET,A lamb reared without the aid of the dam. Hence: A pet, ingeneral.
COSSETTE,One of the small chips or slices into which beets are cut insugar making.
COST,See Cottise.
COSTA,A rib of an animal or a human being.
COSTAGE,Expense; cost. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COSTAL,Pertaining to the ribs or the sides of the body; as, costalnerves.
COSTAL-NERVED,Having the nerves spring from the midrib.
COSTARDMONGER,A costermonger.
COSTEAN,To search after lodes. See Costeaning.
COSTEANING,The process by which miners seek to discover metallic lodes. Itconsist
in sinking small pits through the superficial deposits to thesolid rock, and then
driving from one pit to another across thedirection of the vein, in such manner as
to cross all the veinsbetween the two pits.
COSTELLATE,Finely ribbed or costated.
COSTER,One who hawks about fruit, green vegetables, fish, etc.
COSTERMONGER,An apple seller; a hawker of, or dealer in, any kind of fruitor
vegetables; a fruiterer. [Written also costardmonger.]
COSTIFEROUS,Rib-bearing, as the dorsal vertebræ.
COSTIVELY,In a costive manner.
COSTLESS,Costing nothing.
COSTLEWE,Costly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COSTLINESS,The quality of being costy; expensiveness; sumptuousness.
COSTMARY,A garden plant (Chrysanthemum Balsamita) having a strongbalsamic smell,
and nearly allied to tansy. It is used as a pot herband salad plant and in
flavoring ale and beer. Called also alecost.
COSTON LIGHTS,Signals made by burning lights of different colors and used byvessels
at sea, and in the life-saving service; -- named after theirinventor.
COSTOTOME,An instrument (chisel or shears) to cut the ribs and open thethoracic
cavity, in post-mortem examinations and dissections. Knight.
COSTREL,A bottle of leather, earthenware, or wood, having ears by whichit was
suspended at the side. [Archaic]A youth, that, following with a costrel, bore The
means of goodlywelcome, flesh and wine. Tennyson.
COSTUMER,One who makes or deals in costumes, as for theaters, fancyballs, etc.
COSUPREME,A partaker of supremacy; one jointly supreme. Shak.
COSURETY,One who is surety with another.
COSY,See Cozy.
COT,A small, rudely-formed boat. Bell cot. (Arch.) See under Bell.
COTANGENT,The tangent of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust.of
Functions.
COTARNINE,A white, crystalline substance, C12H13NO3, obtained as aproduct of the
decomposition of narcotine. It has weak basicproperties, and is usually regarded as
an alkaloid.
COTE,To go side by side with; hence, to pass by; to outrun and getbefore; as, a dog
cotes a hare. [Obs.] Drayton.We coted them on the way, and hither are they coming.
Shak.
COTEMPORANEOUS,Living or being at the same time; contemporaneous.--
Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.-- Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness, n.
COTEMPORARY,Living or being at the same time; contemporary.
COTENANT,A tenant in common, or a joint tenant.
COTERIE,A set or circle of persons who meet familiarly, as for social,literary, or
other purposes; a clique. "The queen of your coterie."Thackeray.
COTERMINOUS,Bordering; conterminous; -- followed by with.
COTGARE,Refuse wool. [Obs. or Prov.]
COTHURN,A buskin anciently used by tragic actors on the stage; hence,tragedy in
general.The moment had arrived when it was thought that the mask and thecothurn
might be assumed with effect. Motley.
COTHURNUS,Same as Cothurn.
COTICULAR,Pertaining to whetstones; like or suitable for whetstones.
COTIDAL,Marking an equality in the tides; having high tide at the sametime. Cotidal
lines (Phys. Geog.), lines on a map passing throughplaces that have high tide at
the same time.
COTINGA,A bird of the family Cotingidæ, including numerous bright-colored South
American species; -- called also chatterers.
COTISE,See Cottise.
COTISED,See Cottised.
COTLAND,Land appendant to a cot or cottage, or held by a cottager orcotter.
COTQUEANITY,The condition, character, or conduct of a cotquean. [Obs.] B.Jonson.
COTRUSTEE,A joint trustee.
COTSWOLD,An open country abounding in sheepcotes, as in the Cotswoldhills, in
Gloucestershire, England. Cotswold sheep, a long-wooledbreed of sheep, formerly
common in the counties of Gloucester,Hereford, and Worcester, Eng.; -- so called
from the Cotswold Hills.The breed is now chiefly amalgamated with others.
COTTA,A surplice, in England and America usually one shorter and lessfull than the
ordinary surplice and with short sleeves, or sometimesnone.
COTTAGE,A small house; a cot; a hut.
COTTAGED,Set or covered with cottages.Even humble Harting's cottaged vale. Collins.
COTTAGELY,Cottagelike; suitable for a cottage; rustic. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
COTTAGER,One who lives on the common, without paying any rent, or havingland of his
own.
COTTER,To fasten with a cotter.
COTTIER,In Great Britain and Ireland, a person who hires a smallcottage, with or
without a plot of land. Cottiers commonly aid in thework of the landlord's farm.
[Written also cottar and cotter.]
COTTISE,A diminutive of the bendlet, containing one half its area orone quarter the
area of the bend. When a single cottise is used aloneit is often called a cost. See
also Couple-close.
COTTISED,Set between two cottises, -- said of a bend; or between twobarrulets, --
said of a bar or fess.
COTTOID,Like a fish of the genus Cottus.-- n.
COTTOLENE,A product from cottonseed, used as lard.
COTTON BATTING,Cotton prepared in sheets or rolls for quilting, upholstering,and
similar purposes.
COTTON STATE,Alabama; -- a nickname.
COTTONADE,A somewhat stoun and thick fabric of cotton.
COTTONARY,Relating to, or composed of, cotton; cottony. [Obs.]Cottomary and woolly
pillows. Sir T. Browne.
COTTONOUS,Resembling cotton. [R.] Evelyn.
COTTONSEED MEAL,A meal made from hulled cotton seeds after the oil has
beenexpressed.
COTTONSEED OIL,A fixed, semidrying oil extracted from cottonseed. It is paleyellow
when pure (sp. gr., .92-.93). and is extensively used in soapmaking, in cookery,
and as an adulterant of other oils.
COTTONTAIL,The American wood rabbit (Lepus sylvaticus); -- also calledMolly
cottontail.
COTTONWEED,See Cudweed.
COTTONWOOD,An American tree of the genus Populus or polar, having theseeds covered
with abundant cottonlike hairs; esp., the P. moniliferaand P. angustifolia of the
Western United States.
COTTREL,A trammel, or hook to support a pot over a fire. Knight.
COTYLEDON,One of the patches of villi found in some forms of placenta.
COTYLEDONAL,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a cotyledon.
COTYLEDONARY,Having a cotyledon; tufted; as, the cotyledonary placenta ofthe cow.
COTYLEDONOUS,Of or pertaining to a cotyledon or cotyledons; having a seedlobe.
COTYLIFORM,Shaped like a cotyle or a cup.
COTYLIGEROUS,Having cotyles.
COUCAL,A large, Old World, ground cuckoo of the genus Centropus, ofseveral species.
COUCH GRASS,See Quitch grass.
COUCH,To transfer (as sheets of partly dried pulp) from the wireclotch mold to a
felt blanket, for further drying.
COUCHANCY,State of lying down for repose. [R.]
COUCHANT,Lying down with the head raised, which distinguishes theposture of
couchant from that of dormant, or sleeping; -- said of alion or other beast.
Couchant and levant (Law), rising up and lyingdown; -- said of beasts, and
indicating that they have been longenough on land, not belonging to their owner, to
lie down and rise upto feed, -- such time being held to include a day and night at
theleast. Blackstone.
COUCHED,Same as Couch.
COUCHEE,A reception held at the time of going to bed, as by a sovereignor great
prince. [Obs.] Dryden.The duke's levees and couchees were so crowded that the
antechamberswere full. Bp. Burnet.
COUCHER,One who couches paper.
COUCHING,The operation of putting down or displacing the opaque lens incataract.
COUCHLESS,Having no couch or bed.
COUDEE,A measure of length; the distance from the elbow to the end ofthe middle
finger; a cubit.
COUGAR,An American feline quadruped (Felis concolor), resembling theAfrican panther
in size and habits. Its color is tawny, withoutspots; hence writers often called it
the American lion. Called alsopuma, panther, mountain lion, and catamount. See
Puma.
COUGH,To expel air, or obstructing or irritating matter, from thelungs or air
passages, in a noisy and violent manner.
COUGHER,One who coughs.
COUHAGE,See Cowhage.
COULD,Was, should be, or would be, able, capable, or susceptible.Used as an
auxiliary, in the past tense or in the conditionalpresent.
COULEE,A stream; (Geol.)
COULOIR,A dredging machine for excavating canals, etc.
COULOMB METER,Any instrument by which electricity can be measured incoulombs.
COULOMB,The standard unit of quantity in electrical measurements. It isthe quantity
of electricity conveyed in one second by the currentproduced by an electro-motive
force of one volt acting in a circuithaving a resistance of one ohm, or the
quantitty transferred by oneampère in one second. Formerly called weber.
COULTER,Same as Colter.
COULTERNEB,The puffin.
COULURE,A disease affecting grapes, esp. in California, manifested bythe premature
dropping of the fruit.
COUMARIC,Relating to, derived from, or like, the Dipterix odorata, atree of Guiana.
Coumaric acid (Chem.), one of a series of aromaticacids, related to cinnamic acid,
the most important of which is awhite crystalline substance, HO.C6H4.C2H2.CO2H,
obtained from thetonka bean, sweet clover, etc., and also produced artifically.
COUMARIN,The concrete essence of the tonka bean, the fruit of Dipterix(formerly
Coumarouna) odorata and consisting essentially of coumarinproper, which is a white
crystalline substance, C9H6O2, of vanilla-like odor, regarded as an anhydride of
coumaric acid, and used inflavoring. Coumarin in also made artificially.
COUMAROU,The tree (Dipteryx odorata) which bears the tonka bean; also,the bean
itself.
COUNCILIST,One who belong to a council; one who gives an opinion. [Obs.]I will in
three months be an expert counsilist. Milton.
COUNCILMAN,A member of a council, especially of the common council of acity; a
councilor.
COUNCILOR,A member of a council. [Written also councillor.]
COUNSELORSHIP,The function and rank or office of a counselor. Bacon.
COUNT,To plead orally; to argue a matter in court; to recite a count.Burrill.
COUNT-WHEEL,The wheel in a clock which regulates the number of strokes.
COUNTABLE,Capable of being numbered.
COUNTENANCER,One who countenances, favors, or supports.
COUNTER BRACE,The brace of the fore-topsail on the leeward side of a vessel.
COUNTER TENOR,One of the middle parts in music, between the tenor and thetreble;
high tenor. Counter-tenor clef (Mus.), the C clef when placedon the third line; --
also called alto clef.
COUNTER WEIGHT,A counterpoise.
COUNTER,A prefix meaning contrary, opposite, in opposition; as,counteract,
counterbalance, countercheck. See Counter, adv. & a.
COUNTER-COMPONY,See Compony.
COUNTER-COUCHANT,Lying down, with their heads in opposite directions; -- said
ofanimals borne in a coat of arms.
COUNTER-COURANT,Running in opposite directions; -- said of animals borne in acoast
of arms.
COUNTER-PALY,Paly, and then divided fesswise, so that each vertical piece iscut
into two, having the colors used alternately or counterchanged.Thus the escutcheon
in the illustration may also be blazoned paly ofsix per fess counterchanged argent
and azure.
COUNTER-ROLL,A duplicate roll (record or account) kept by an officer as acheck upon
another officer's roll. Burrill.
COUNTER-SALIENT,Leaping from each other; -- said of two figures on a coast ofarms.
COUNTERACT,To act in opposition to; to hinder, defeat, or frustrate, bycontrary
agency or influence; as, to counteract the effect ofmedicines; to counteract good
advice.
COUNTERACTION,Action in opposition; hindrance resistance.[They] do not . . .
overcome the counteraction of a false principleor of stubborn partiality. Johnson.
COUNTERACTIVE,Tending to counteract.
COUNTERACTIVELY,By counteraction.
COUNTERBALANCE,To oppose with an equal weight or power; to counteract thepower or
effect of; to countervail; to equiponderate; to balance.The remaining air was not
able to counterbalance the mercurialcylinder. Boyle.The cstudy of mind is necessary
to counterbalance and correct theinfluence of the study of nature. Sir W. Hamilton.
COUNTERBORE,To form a counterbore in, by boring, turning, or drilling; toenlarge,
as a hole, by means of a counterbore.
COUNTERBRACE,To brace in opposite directions; as, to counterbrace the yards,i. e.,
to brace the head yards one way and the after yards another.
COUNTERBUFF,To strike or drive back or in an opposite direction; to stop bya blow
or impulse in front. Dryden.
COUNTERCAST,A trick; a delusive contrivance. [Obs.] Spenser.
COUNTERCASTER,A caster of accounts; a reckoner; a bookkeeper; -- usedconteptuously.
COUNTERCHANGE,Exchange; reciprocation.
COUNTERCHANGED,Having the tinctures exchanged mutually; thus, if the field
isdivided palewise, or and azure, and cross is borne counterchanged,that part of
the cross which comes on the azure side will be or, andthat on the or side will be
azure.
COUNTERCHARGE,An opposing charge.
COUNTERCHARM,To destroy the effect of a charm upon.
COUNTERCHECK,To oppose or check by some obstacle; to check by a returncheck.
COUNTERCLAIM,A claim made by a person as an offset to a claim made on him.
COUNTERCURRENT,Running in an opposite direction.
COUNTERDRAW,To copy, as a design or painting, by tracing with a pencil onoiled
paper, or other transparent substance.
COUNTERFAISANCE,See Counterfesance. [Obs.]
COUNTERFEITLY,By forgery; falsely.
COUNTERFESANCE,The act of forging; forgery. [Obs.] [Written alsocounterfaisance.]
COUNTERFLEURY,Counterflory.
COUNTERFLORY,Adorned with flowers (usually fleurs-de-lis) so divided thatthe tops
appear on one side and the bottoms on the others; -- said ofany ordinary.
COUNTERFORCE,An opposing force.
COUNTERFORT,A kind of buttress of masonry to strengthen a revetment wall.
COUNTERGAGE,An adjustable gage, with double points for transferringmeasurements
from one timber to another, as the breadth of a mortiseto the place where the tenon
is to be made. Knight.
COUNTERGLOW,An exceedingly faint roundish or somewhat oblong nebulous lightnear the
ecliptic and opposite the sun, best seen during Septemberand October, when in the
constellations Sagittarius and Pisces. Itscause is not yet understood. Called also
Gegenschein.
COUNTERGUARD,A low outwork before a bastion or ravelin, consisting of twolines of
rampart parallel to the faces of the bastion, and protectingthem from a breaching
fire.
COUNTERIRRITATE,To produce counter irritation in; to treat with one morbidprocess
for the purpose of curing another.
COUNTERJUMPER,A salesman in a shop; a shopman; -- used contemtuously. [Slang]
COUNTERMAN,A man who attends at the counter of a shop to sell goods.[Eng.]
COUNTERMAND,A contrary order; revocation of a former order or command.Have you no
countermand for Claudio yet, But he must die to-morrowShak.
COUNTERMANDABLE,Capable of being countermanded; revocable. Bacon.
COUNTERMARCH,To march back, or to march in reversed order.The two armies marched
and countermarched, drew near and receded.Macaulay.
COUNTERMARK,An artificial cavity made in the teeth of horses that haveoutgrown
their natural mark, to disguise their age.
COUNTERMINE,An underground gallery excavated to intercept and destroy themining of
an enemy.
COUNTERMOVE,To move in a contrary direction to.
COUNTERMURE,A wall raised behind another, to supply its place when breachedor
destroyed. [R.] Cf. Contramure. Knolles.
COUNTERNATURAL,Contrary to nature. [R.] Harvey.
COUNTERPANE,A coverlet for a bed, -- originally stitched or woven insquares or
figures.On which a tissue counterpane was cast. Drayton.
COUNTERPART,One of two corresponding copies of an instrument; a duplicate.
COUNTERPASSANT,Passant in opposite directions; -- said of two animals.
COUNTERPLEAD,To plead the contrary of; to plead against; to deny.
COUNTERPLOT,To oppose, as another plot, by plotting; to attempt tofrustrate, as a
stratagem, by stratagem.Every wile had proved abortive, every plot had been
counterplotted.De Quinsey.
COUNTERPOINT,An opposite point [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
COUNTERPOLE,The exact opposite.The German prose offers the counterpole to the
French style. DeQuincey.
COUNTERPONDERATE,TO equal in weight; to counterpoise; to equiponderate.
COUNTERPROVE,To take a counter proof of, or a copy in reverse, by taking
animpression directly from the face of an original. See Counter proof,under
Counter.
COUNTERROLMENT,A counter account. See Control. [Obs.] Bacon.
COUNTERSCALE,Counterbalance; balance, as of one scale against another.[Obs.]
Howell.
COUNTERSCARF,The exterior slope or wall of the ditch; -- sometimes, thewhole
covered way, beyond the ditch, with its parapet and glacis; as,the enemy have
lodged themselves on the counterscarp.
COUNTERSEAL,To seal or ratify with another or others. Shak.
COUNTERSECURE,To give additional security to or for. Burke.
COUNTERSHAFT,An intermediate shaft; esp., one which receives motion from aline
shaft in a factory and transmits it to a machine.
COUNTERSIGN,To sign on the opposite side of (an instrument or writing);hence, to
sign in addition to the signature of a principal orsuperior, in order to attest the
authenticity of a writing.
COUNTERSTAND,Resistance; opposition; a stand against.Making counterstand to Robert
Guiscard. Longfellow.
COUNTERSTEP,A contrary method of procedure; opposite course of action.
COUNTERSTOCK,See Counterfoil.
COUNTERSTROKE,A stroke or blow in return. Spenser.
COUNTERSWAY,A swaying in a contrary direction; an opposing influence.[Obs.]A
countersway of restraint, curbing their wild exorbitance. Milton.
COUNTERTERM,A term or word which is the opposite of, or antithesis to,another; an
antonym; -- the opposite of synonym; as, "foe" is thecounterterm of "friend". C. J.
Smith.
COUNTERTIME,The resistance of a horse, that interrupts his cadence and themeasure
of his manege, occasioned by a bad horseman, or the badtemper of the horse.
COUNTERTRIPPANT,Trippant in opposite directions. See Trippant.
COUNTERTRIPPING,Same as Countertrippant.
COUNTERTURN,The critical moment in a play, when, contrary to expectation,the action
is embroiled in new difficulties. Dryden.
COUNTERVAIL,To act against with equal force, power, or effect; to thwart orovercome
by such action; to furnish an equivalent to or for; tocounterbalance; to
compensate.Upon balancing the account, the profit at last will hardlycountervail
the inconveniences that go allong with it. L'Estrange.
COUNTERVALLATION,See Contravallation.
COUNTERVOTE,To vote in opposition ti; to balance or overcome by viting; tooutvote.
Dr. J. Scott.
COUNTERWAIT,To wait or watch for; to be on guard against. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COUNTERWEIGH,To weigh against; to counterbalance.
COUNTERWHEEL,To cause to wheel or turn in an opposite direction.
COUNTERWORK,To work in oppositeion to; to counteract.That counterworksh folly and
caprice. Pope.
COUNTESS,The wife of an earl in the British peerage, or of a count inthe
Continental nobility; also, a lady possessed of the same dignityin her own right.
See the Note under Count.
COUNTLESS,Incapable of being counted; not ascertainable; innumerable.
COUNTOR,An advocate or professional pleader; one who counted for hisclient, that
is, orally pleaded his cause. [Obs.] Burrill.
COUNTRE-,Same as prefix Counter-. [Obs.]
COUNTREPLETE,To counterplead. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COUNTRETAILLE,A counter tally; correspondence (in sound). [Obs.] At
thecountretaille, in return. Chaucer.
COUNTRIFIED,Having the appearance and manners of a rustic; rude.As being one who
took no pride, And was a deal too countrified.Lloyd.
COUNTRIFY,To give a rural appearance to; to cause to appear rustic. Lamb.
COUNTRY BANK,A national bank not in a reserve city. [Colloq., U. S.]
COUNTRY CLUB,A club usually located in the suburbs or vicinity of a city ortown and
devoted mainly to outdoor sports.
COUNTRY COUSIN,A relative from the country visiting the city and unfamiliarwith
city manners and sights.
COUNTRY SEAT,A dwelling in the country, used as a place of retirement fromthe city.
COUNTRY,The rock through which a vein runs. Conclusion to the country.See under
Conclusion.-- To put, or throw, one's self upon the country, to appeal to
one'sconstituents; to stand trial before a jury.
COUNTRY-BASE,Same as Prison base.
COUNTRY-DANCE,See Contradance.He had introduced the English country-dance to the
knowledge of theDutch ladies. Macualay.
COUNTRYSIDE,A particular rural district; a country neighborhood. [Eng.] W.Black.
Blackmore.
COUNTRYWOMAN,A woman born, or dwelling, in the country, as opposed to thecity; a
woman born or dwelling in the same country with anothernative or inhabitant. Shak.
COUP,A sudden stroke; an unexpected device or stratagem; -- a termused in various
ways to convey the idea of promptness and force. Coupde grace (ke gr Etym: [F.],
the stroke of mercy with which anexecutioner ends by death the sufferings of the
condemned; hence, adecisive, finishing stroke.-- Coup de main (ke m Etym: [F.]
(Mil.), a sudden and unexpectedmovement or attack.-- Coup de soleil (k Etym: [F.]
(Med.), a sunstroke. See Sunstroke.-- Coup d'état (k Etym: [F.] (Politics), a
sudden, decisive exerciseof power whereby the existing government is subverted
without theconsent of the people; an unexpected measure of state, more or
lessviolent; a stroke of policy.-- Coup d'oeil (k. Etym: [F.] (a) A single view; a
rapid glance ofthe eye; a comprehensive view of a scene; as much as can be seen
atone view. (b) The general effect of a picture. (c) (Mil.) The facultyor the act
of comprehending at a glance the weakness or strength of amilitary position, of a
certain arrangement of troops, the mostadvantageous position for a battlefield,
etc.
COUPABLE,Culpable. [Obs.]
COUPE-GORGE,Any position giving the enemy such advantage that the troopsoccupying
it must either surrender or be cut to pieces. Farrow.
COUPED,Cut off smoothly, as distinguished from erased; -- usedespecially for the
head or limb of an animal. See Erased.
COUPEE,A motion in dancing, when one leg is a little bent, and raisedfrom the
floor, and with the other a forward motion is made.Chambers.
COUPLE,See Couple-close.
COUPLE-BEGGAR,One who makes it his business to marry beggars to each other.Swift.
COUPLE-CLOSE,A diminutive of the chevron, containing one fourth of itssurface.
Couple-closes are generally borne one on each side of achevron, and the blazoning
may then be either a chevron between twocouple-closes or chevron cottised.
COUPLEMENT,Union; combination; a coupling; a pair. [Obs.] Shak.And forth together
rode, a goodly couplement. Spenser.
COUPLER,One who couples; that which couples, as a link, ring, orshackle, to connect
cars. Coupler of an organ, a contrivance by whichany two or more of the ranks of
keys, or keys and pedals, areconnected so as to act together when the organ is
played.
COUPLET,Two taken together; a pair or couple; especially two lines ofverse that
rhyme with each other.A sudden couplet rushes on your mind. Crabbe.
COUPLING,A device or contrivance which serves to couple or connectadjacent parts or
objects; as, a belt coupling, which connects theends of a belt; a car coupling,
which connects the cars in a train; ashaft coupling, which connects the ends of
shafts. Box coupling,Chain coupling. See under Box, Chain.-- Coupling box, a
coupling shaped like a journal box, for clampingtogether the ends of two shafts, so
that they may revolve together.-- Coupling pin, a pin or bolt used in coupling or
joining togetherrailroad cars, etc.
COUPON,A certificate of interest due, printed at the bottom oftransferable bonds
(state, railroad, etc.), given for a term ofyears, designed to be cut off and
presented for payment when theinterest is due; an interest warrant.
COUPSTICK,A stick or switch used among some American Indians in making orcounting a
coup.
COUPURE,A passage cut through the glacis to facilitate sallies by thebesieged.
Wilhelm.
COURAGE,To inspire with courage. [Obs.]Paul writeth unto Timothy . . . to courage
him. Tyndale.
COURAGEOUS,Possessing, or characterized by, courage; brave; bold.With this victory,
the women became most courageous and proud, andthe men waxed . . . fearful and
desperate. Stow.
COURAGEOUSLY,In a courageous manner.
COURAGEOUSNESS,The quality of being courageous; courage.
COURANT,Represented as running; -- said of a beast borne in a coat ofarms.
COURANTO,A sprightly dance; a coranto; a courant.
COURAP,A skin disease, common in India, in which there is perpetualitching and
eruption, esp. of the groin, breast, armpits, and face.
COURB,Curved; rounded. [Obs.]Her neck is short, her shoulders courb. Gower.
COURBARIL,See Animé, n.
COURCHE,A square piece of linen used formerly by women instead of acap; a kerchief.
[Scot.] [Written also curch.] Jamieson.
COURLAN,A South American bird, of the genus Aramus, allied to therails.
COURSE,A continuous level range of brick or stones of the same heightthroughout the
face or faces of a building. Gwilt.
COURSER,A grallatorial bird of Europe (Cursorius cursor), remarkablefor its speed
in running. Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied torunning birds of the Ostrich
family.
COURSEY,A space in the galley; a part of the hatches. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
COURSING,The pursuit or running game with dogs that follow by sightinstead of by
scent.In coursing of a deer, or hart, with greyhounds. Bacon
COURT TENNIS,See under Tennis.
COURT-BARON,An inferior court of civil jurisdiction, attached to a manor,and held
by the steward; a baron's court; -- now fallen into disuse.
COURT-CRAFT,The artifices, intrigues, and plottings, at courts.
COURT-CUPBOARD,A movable sideboard or buffet, on which plate and otherarticles of
luxury were displayed on special ocasions. [Obs.]A way with the joint stools,
remove the court-cupboard, look to theplate. Shak.
COURT-LEET,A court of record held once a year, in a particular hundred,lordship, or
manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone.
COURT-MARTIAL,A court consisting of military or naval officers, for the trialof one
belonging to the army or navy, or of offenses against militaryor naval law.
COURT-PLASTER,Sticking plaster made by coating taffeta or silk on one sidewith some
adhesive substance, commonly a mixture of isinglass andglycerin.
COURTBRED,Bred, or educated, at court; polished; courtly.
COURTELLE,a wool-like fabric.[WordNet 1.5]
COURTEOUS,Of courtlike manners; pertaining to, or exxpressive of,courtesy;
characterized by courtesy; civil; obliging; well bred;polite; affable;
complaisant.A patient and courteous bearing. Prescott.His behavior toward his
people is grave and courteous. Fuller.
COURTEOUSLY,In a courteous manner.
COURTEOUSNESS,The quality of being courteous; politeness; courtesy.
COURTEPY,A short coat of coarse cloth. [Obs.]Full threadbare was his overeste
courtepy. Chaucer.
COURTER,One who courts; one who plays the lover, or who solicits inmarriage; one
who flatters and cajoles. Sherwood.
COURTESAN,A woman who prostitutes herself for hire; a prostitute;
aharlot.Lasciviously decked like a courtesan. Sir H. Wotton.
COURTESANSHIP,Harlotry.
COURTESY,An act of civility, respect, or reverence, made by women,consisting of a
slight depression or dropping of the body, withbending of the kness. [Written also
curtsy.]The lady drops a courtesy in token of obedience, and the ceremonyproceeds
as usual. Golgsmith.
COURTIERY,The manners of a courtier; courtliness. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
COURTLIKE,After the manner of a court; elegant; polite; courtly.
COURTLINESS,The quality of being courtly; elegance or dignity of manners.
COURTLING,A sycophantic courtier. B. Jonson.
COURTLY,In the manner of courts; politely; gracefully; elegantly.They can produce
nothing so courtly writ. Dryden
COURTYARD,A court or inclosure attached to a house.
COUSCOUS,A kind of food used by the natives of Western Africa, made ofmillet flour
with flesh, and leaves of the baobab; -- called alsolalo.
COUSCOUSOU,A favorite dish in Barbary. See Couscous.
COUSIN,Allied; akin. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COUSIN-GERMAN,A first cousin. See Note under Cousin, 1.
COUSINAGE,Relationship; kinship. [Obs.] Wyclif.
COUSINHOOD,The state or condition of a cousin; also, the collective bodyof cousins;
kinsfolk.
COUSINLY,Like or becoming a cousin.
COUSINRY,A body or collection of cousins; the whole number of personswho stand in
the relation of cousins to a given person or persons.
COUSINSHIP,The relationship of cousins; state of being cousins;cousinhood. G.
Eliot.
COUTEAU,A knife; a dagger.
COUTH,Could; was able; knew or known; understood. [Obs.]Above all other one Daniel
He loveth, for he couth well Divine, thatnone other couth; To him were all thing
couth, As he had it of God'sgrace. Gower.
COUVADE,A custom, among certain barbarous tribes, that when a womangives birth to a
child her husband takes to his bed, as if ill.The world-wide custom of the couvade,
where at childbirth the husbandundergoes medical treatment, in many cases being put
to bed for days.Tylor.
COUVEUSE,An incubator for sickly infants, esp. those prematurely born.
COVARIANT,A function involving the coefficients and the variables of aquantic, and
such that when the quantic is lineally transformed thesame function of the new
variables and coefficients shall be equal tothe old function multiplied by a
factor. An invariant is a likefunction involving only the coefficients of the
quantic.
COVE,To arch over; to build in a hollow concave form; to make in theform of a
cove.The mosques and other buildings of the Arabians are rounded intodomes and
coved roofs. H. Swinburne.Coved ceiling, a ceiling, the part of which next the wail
isconstructed in a cove.-- Coved vault, a vault composed of four coves meeting in a
centralpoint, and therefore the reverse of a groined vault.
COVENABLE,Fit; proper; suitable. [Obs.] "A covenable day." Wyclif (Markvi. 21).
COVENABLY,Fitly; suitably. [Obs.] "Well and covenably." Chaucer.
COVENANT,An agreement made by the Scottish Parliament in 1638, and bythe English
Parliament in 1643, to preserve the reformed religion inScotland, and to extirpate
popery and prelacy; -- usually called the"Solemn League and Covenant."He [Wharton]
was born in the days of the Covenant, and was the heirof a covenanted house.
Macualay.
COVENANTEE,The person in whose favor a covenant is made.
COVENANTER,One who subscribed and defended the "Solemn League andCovenant." See
Covenant.
COVENANTING,Belonging to a covenant. Specifically, belonging to the
ScotchCovenanters.Be they covenanting traitors, Or the brood of false Argyle
Aytoun.
COVENANTOR,The party who makes a covenant. Burrill.
COVENOUS,See Covinous, and Covin.
COVENT,A convent or monastery. [Obs.] Bale. Covent Garden, a largesquare in London,
so called because originally it was the garden of amonastery.
COVENTRY,A town in the county of Warwick, England. To send to Coventry,to exclude
from society; to shut out from social intercourse, as forungentlemanly conduct.--
Coventry blue, blue thread of a superior dye, made at Coventry,England, and used
for embroidery.
COVER CROP,A catch crop planted, esp. in orchards. as a protection to thesoil in
winter, as well as for the benefit of the soil when plowedunder in spring.
COVER,The woods, underbrush, etc., which shelter and conceal game;covert; as, to
beat a cover; to ride to cover.
COVER-POINT,The fielder in the games of cricket and lacrosse who supports"point."
COVER-SHAME,Something used to conceal infamy. [Obs.] Dryden.
COVERAGE,The aggregate of risks covered by the terms of a contract ofinsurance.
COVERCHIEF,A covering for the head. [Obs.] Chaucer.
COVERCLE,A small cover; a lid. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
COVERED,Under cover; screened; sheltered; not exposed; hidden. Coveredway (Fort.),
a corridor or banquette along the top of thecounterscarp and covered by an
embankment whose slope forms theglacis. It gives the garrisonn an open line of
communication aroundthe works, and a standing place beyond the ditch. See Illust.
ofRavelin.
COVERER,One who, or that which, covers.
COVERING,Anything which covers or conceals, as a roof, a screen, awrapper,
clothing, etc.Noah removed the covering of the ark. Gen. viii. 13.They cause the
naked to lodge without clothing, that they have nocovering in the cold. Job. xxiv.
7.A covering over the well's mouth. 2 Sam. xvii. 19.
COVERLET,The uppermost cover of a bed or of any piece of furniture.Lay her in
lilies and in violets . . . And odored sheets and arrascoverlets. Spenser.
COVERLID,A coverlet.All the coverlid was clocth of gold. Tennyson.
COVERSED SINE,The versed sine of the complement of an arc or angle. SeeIllust. of
Functions.
COVERSIDE,A region of country having covers; a hunting country.
COVERT BARON,Under the protection of a husband; married. Burrill.
COVERT,Under cover, authority or protection; as, a feme covert, amarried woman who
is considered as being under the protection andcontrol of her husband. Covert way,
(Fort.) See Covered way, underCovered.
COVERTLY,Secretly; in private; insidiously.
COVERTNESS,Secrecy; privacy. [R.]
COVERTURE,The condition of a woman during marriage, because she isconsidered under
the cover, influence, power, and protection of herhusband, and therefore called a
feme covert, or femme couverte.
COVET,To have or indulge inordinate desire.Which [money] while some coveted after,
they have erred from thefaith. 1 Tim. vi. 10.
COVETABLE,That may be coveted; desirable.
COVETER,One who covets.
COVETISE,Avarice. [Obs.] Spenser.
COVETIVENESS,Acquisitiveness.
COVETOUSLY,In a covetous manner.
COVEY,To brood; to incubate. [Obs.][Tortoises] covey a whole year before they
hatch. Holland.
COVIN,A collusive agreement between two or more persons to prejudicea third.
COVINOUS,Deceitful; collusive; fraudulent; dishonest.
COW PARSLEY,An umbelliferous plant of the genus Chærophyllum (C. temulumand C.
sylvestre).
COW PARSNIP,A coarse umbelliferous weed of the genus Heracleum (H.sphondylium in
England, and H. lanatum in America).
COW TREE,A tree (Galactodendron utile or Brosimum Galactodendron) ofSouth America,
which yields, on incision, a nourishing fluid,resembling milk.
COW,A chimney cap; a cowl
COW-PILOT,A handsomely banded, coral-reef fish, of Florida and the WestIndies
(Pomacentrus saxatilis); -- called also mojarra.
COWAGE,See Cowhage.
COWALKER,A phantasmic or "astral" body deemed to be separable from thephysical body
and capable of acting independently; a doppelgänger.
COWAN,One who works as a mason without having served a regularapprenticeship.
[Scot.]
COWARD,Borne in the escutcheon with his tail doubled between his legs;-- said of a
lion.
COWARDICE,Want of courage to face danger; extreme timidity;pusillanimity; base fear
of danger or hurt; lack of spirit.The cowardice of doing wrong. Milton.Moderation
was despised as cowardice. Macualay.
COWARDIE,Cowardice. [Obs.]
COWARDISH,Cowardly. [Obs.] " A base and a cowardish mind." Robynson(More's Utopia).
COWARDIZE,To render cowardly. [Obs.]God . . . cowardizeth . . . insolent spirits.
Bp. Hall.
COWARDLINESS,Cowardice.
COWARDLY,In the manner of a coward. Spenser.
COWARDSHIP,Cowardice. [Obs.] Shak.
COWBANE,A poisonous umbelliferous plant; in England, the Cicuta virosa;in the
United States, the Cicuta maculata and the Archemora rigida.See Water hemlock.
COWBERRY,A species of Vaccinium (V. Vitis-id), which bears acid redberries which
are sometimes used in cookery; -- locally calledmountain cranberry.
COWBIRD,The cow blackbird (Molothrus ater), an American starling. Likethe European
cuckoo, it builds no nest, but lays its eggs in thenests of other birds; -- so
called because frequently associated withcattle.
COWBLAKES,Dried cow dung used as fuel.[Prov. Eng.] Simmonds.
COWCATCHER,A strong inclined frame, usually of wrought-iron bars, in frontof a
locomotive engine, for catching or throwing off obstructions ona railway, as
cattle; the pilot. [U.S.]
COWDIE,See Kauri.
COWER,To stoop by bending the knees; to crouch; to squat; hence, toquail; to sink
through fear.Our dame sits cowering o'er a kitchen fire. Dryden.Like falcons,
cowering on the nest. Goldsmith.
COWHAGE,A leguminous climbing plant of the genus Mucuna, having crookedpods covered
with sharp hairs, which stick to the fingers, causingintolerable itching. The
spiculæ are sometimes used in medicine as amechanical vermifuge. [Written also
couhage, cowage, and cowitch.]
COWHEARTED,Cowardly.The Lady Powis . . . patted him with her fan, and called him
acowhearted fellow. R. North.
COWHERD,One whose occupation is to tend cows.
COWHIDE,To flog with a cowhide.
COWISH,Timorous; fearful; cowardly. [R.] Shak.
COWITCH,See Cowhage.
COWL,A vessel carried on a pole between two persons, for conveyanceof water.
Johnson.
COWLED,Wearing a cowl; hooded; as, a cowled monk. "That cowledchurchman." Emerson.
COWLEECH,One who heals disease of cows; a cow doctor.
COWLEECHING,Healing the distemper of cows.
COWLICK,A tuft of hair turned up or awry (usually over the forehead),as if licked
by a cow.
COWLIKE,Resembling a cow.With cowlike udders and with oxlike eyes. Pope.
COWLSTAFF,A staff or pole on which a vessel is supported between twopersons.
Suckling.
COWORKER,One who works with another; a co
COWPEA,The seed of one or more leguminous plants of the genusDolichos; also, the
plant itself. Many varieties are cultivated inthe southern part of the United
States.
COWPOCK,See Cowpox. Dunglison.
COWPOX,A pustular eruptive disease of the cow, which, whencommunicated to the human
system, as by vaccination, protects fromthe smallpox; vaccinia; -- called also
kinepox, cowpock, andkinepock. Dunglison.
COWQUAKE,A genus of plants (Briza); quaking grass.
COWRIE,Same as Kauri.
COWSLIPPED,Adorned with cowslips. "Cowslipped lawns." Keats.
COWWEED,Same as Cow parsley.
COWWHEAT,A weed of the genus Melampyrum, with black seeds, found onEuropean
wheatfields.
COX,A coxcomb; a simpleton; a gull. [Obs.]Go; you're a brainless cox, a toy, a fop.
Beau. & Fl.
COXA,The first joint of the leg of an insect or crustacean.
COXCOMB,A name given to several plants of different genera, butparticularly to
Celosia cristata, or garden cockscomb. Same asCockscomb.
COXCOMBICAL,Befitting or indicating a coxcomb; like a coxcomb; foppish;conceited.--
Cox*comb"ic*al*ly, adv.Studded all over in coxcombical fashion with little brass
nails. W.Irving.
COXCOMBLY,like a coxcomb. [Obs.] "You coxcombly ass, you!" Beau & Fl.
COXCOMBRY,The manners of a coxcomb; foppishness.
COXCOMICAL,Coxcombical. [R.]
COXCOMICALLY,Conceitedly. [R.]
COXSWAIN,See Cockswain.
COYISH,Somewhat coy or reserved. Warner.
COYLY,In a coy manner; with reserve.
COYNESS,The quality of being coy; feigned oWhen the kind nymph would coyness feign,
And hides but to be foundagain. Dryden.
COYOTE STATE,South Dakota; -- a nickname.
COYOTE,A carnivorous animal (Canis latrans), allied to the dog, foundin the western
part of North America; -- called also prairie wolf.Its voice is a snapping bark,
followed by a prolonged, shrill howl.
COYOTILLO,A low rhamnaceous shrub (Karwinskia humboldtiana) of thesouthwestern
United States and Mexico. Its berries are said to bepoisonous to the coyote.
COYPU,A South American rodent (Myopotamus coypus), allied to thebeaver. It produces
a valuable fur called nutria. [Written alsocoypou.]
COYSTREL,Same as Coistril.
COZ,A contraction of cousin. Shak.
COZEN,To cheat; to defrand; to beguile; to deceive, usually by smallarts, or in a
pitiful way.He had cozened the world by fine phrases. Macualay.Children may be
cozened into a knowledge of the letters. Locke.Goring loved no man so well but that
he would cozen him, and exposehim to public mirth for having been cozened.
Clarendon.
COZENAGE,The art or practice of cozening; artifice; fraud. Shak.
COZENER,One who cheats or defrauds.
COZIER,See Cosier.
COZILY,Snugly; comfortably.
COZINESS,The state or quality of being cozy.
COZY,Chatty; talkative; sociable; familiar. [Eng.]
CRAB TREE,See under Crab.
CRAB,One of the brachyuran Crustacea. They are mostly marine, andusually have a
broad, short body, covered with a strong shell orcarapace. The abdomen is small and
curled up beneath the body.
CRAB-YAWS,A disease in the West Indies. It is a kind of ulcer on thesoles of the
feet, with very hard edges. See Yaws. Dunglison.
CRABBER,One who catches crabs.
CRABBING,The foghting of hawks with each other.
CRABBISH,Somewhat sour or cross.The wips of the most crabbish Satyristes. Decker.
CRABBY,Crabbed; difficult, or perplexing. "Persius is crabby, becauseancient."
Marston.
CRABER,The water rat. Walton.
CRABFACED,Having a sour, disagreeable countenance. Beau & Fl.
CRABSIDLE,To move sidewise, as a crab. [Jocular]. Southey.
CRABSTICK,A stick, cane, or cudgel, made of the wood of the carb tree.
CRACHE,To scratch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CRACK,Of superior excellence; having qualities to be boasted of.[Colloq.]One of our
crack speakers in the Commons. Dickens.
CRACK-BRAINED,Having an impaired intellect; whimsical; crazy. Pope.
CRACKAJACK,Of marked ability or excellence. [Slang]
CRACKER STATE,Georgia; -- a nickname. See Cracker, n. 5.
CRACKER,The pintail duck.
CRACKLE,To make slight cracks; to make small, sharp, sudden noises,rapidly or
frequently repeated; to crepitate; as, burning thornscrackle.The unknown ice that
crackles underneath them. Dryden.
CRACKLED,Covered with minute cracks in the glaze; -- said of some kindsof porcelain
and fine earthenware.
CRACKLEWARE,See Crackle, n., 3.
CRACKLING,Food for dogs, made from the refuse of tallow melting.
CRACKNEL,A hard brittle cake or biscuit. Spenser.
CRACKSMAN,A burglar. [Slang]
CRACOVIAN,Of or pertaining to Cracow in Poland.
CRACOVIENNE,A lively Polish dance, in 2-4 time.
CRACOWES,Long-toed boots or shoes formerly worn in many parts of Europe;-- so
called from Cracow, in Poland, where they were first worn inthe fourteenth century.
Fairholt.
CRADLE,An implement consisting of a broad scythe for cutting grain,with a set of
long fingers parallel to the scythe, designed toreceive the grain, and to lay it
eventlyin a swath.
CRADLELAND,Land or region where one was cradled; hence, land of origin.
CRADLING,Cutting a cask into two pieces lengthwise, to enable it to passa narrow
place, the two parts being afterward united and rehooped.
CRAFT,A vessel; vessels of any kind; -- generally used in acollective sense.The
evolutions of the numerous tiny craft moving over the lake. Prof.Wilson.Small
crafts, small vessels, as sloops, schooners, ets.
CRAFTER,a creator of great skill in the manual arts.Syn. -- craftsman.[WordNet 1.5]
CRAFTILY,With craft; artfully; cunningly.
CRAFTINESS,Dexterity in devising and effecting a purpose; cunning;artifice;
stratagem.He taketh the wise in their own craftiness. Job. v. 13.
CRAFTLESS,Without craft or cunning.Helpless, craftless, and innocent people. Jer.
Taylor.
CRAFTSMAN,One skilled in some trade or manual occupation; an artificer; amechanic.
CRAFTSMANSHIP,The work of a craftsman.
CRAFTSMASTER,One skilled in his craft or trade; one of superior cunning.In cunning
persuasion his craftsmaster. Holland.
CRAG,A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of theTertiary age.
CRAGGED,Full of crags, or steep, brokenInto its cragged rents descend. J. Baillie.
CRAGGEDNESS,The quality or state of being cragged; cragginess.
CRAGGINESS,The state of being craggy.
CRAGGY,Full of crags; rugged with projecting points of rocks; as, thecraggy side of
a mountain. "The craggy ledge." Tennyson.
CRAGSMAN,One accustomed to climb rocks or crags; esp., one who makes abusiness of
climbing the cliffs overhanging the sea to get the eggsof sea birds or the birds
themselves.
CRAIE,See Crare. [Obs.]
CRAIG FLOUNDER,The pole flounder.
CRAIL,A creel or osier basket.
CRAKE,A boast. See Crack, n. [Obs.] Spenser.
CRAKEBERRY,See Crowberry.
CRAKER,One who boasts; a braggart. [Obs.] Old Play.
CRAM,A warp having more than two threads passing through each dentor split of the
reed.
CRAMMER,One who crams; esp., one who prepares a pupil hastily for anexxamination,
or a pupil who is thus prepared. Dickens.
CRAMP IRON,See Cramp, n., 2.
CRAMP,A device, usually of iron bent at the ends, used to holdtogether blocks of
stone, timbers, etc.; a cramp iron.
CRAMPET,A cramp iron or cramp ring; a chape, as of a scabbard. [Writtenalso crampit
and crampette.]
CRAMPFISH,The torpedo, or electric ray, the touch of which gives anelectric shock.
See Electric fish, and Torpedo.
CRAMPIT,See Crampet.
CRAMPON,An a
CRAMPONEE,Having a cramp or square piece at the end; -- said of a crossso
furnished.
CRAMPY,A measure for fresh herrings, -- as many as will fill a barrel.[Scot.] H.
Miller.
CRANBERRY,A red, acid berry, much used for making sauce, etc.; also, theplant
producing it (several species of Vaccinum or Oxycoccus.) Thehigh cranberry or
cranberry tree is a species of Viburnum (V.Opulus), and the other is sometimes
called low cranberry or marshcranberry to distinguish it.
CRANCH,See Craunch.
CRANDALL,A kind of hammer having a head formed of a group of pointedsteel bars,
used for dressing ashlar, etc. -- v. t.
CRANE,A wading bird of the genus Grus, and allied genera, of variousspecies, having
a long, straight bill, and long legs and neck.
CRANG,See Krang.
CRANIA,A genus of living Brachiopoda; -- so called from its fanciedresemblance to
the cranium or skull.
CRANIAL,Of or pertaining to the cranium.
CRANIOCLASM,The crushing of a child's head, as with the cranioclast orcraniotomy
forceps in cases of very difficult delivery. Dunglison.
CRANIOCLAST,An instrument for crushing the head of a fetus, to facilitatedelivery
in difficult eases.
CRANIOFACIAL,Of or pertaining to the cranium and face; as, the craniofacialangle.
CRANIOGNOMY,The science of the form and characteristics of the skull. [R.]
CRANIOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to craniology.
CRANIOLOGIST,One proficient in craniology; a phrenologist.
CRANIOLOGY,The department of science (as of ethnology or archæology) whichdeals
with the shape, size, proportions, indications, etc., ofskulls; the study of
skulls.
CRANIOMETER,An instrument for measuring the size of skulls.
CRANIOMETRY,The art or act of measuring skulls.
CRANIOSCOPIST,One skilled in, or who practices, cranioscopy.It was found of equal
dimension in a literary man whose skull puzziedthe cranioscopists. Coleridge.
CRANIOSCOPY,Scientific examination of the cranium.
CRANIOTA,A comprehensive division of the Vertebrata, including all thosethat have a
skull.
CRANIOTOMY,The operation of opening the fetal head, in order to effectdelivery.
CRANIUM,The skull of an animal; especially, that part of the skull,either
cartilaginous or bony, which immediately incloses the brain;the brain case or
brainpan. See Skull.
CRANK,A bent portion of an axle, or shaft, or an arm keyed at rightangles to the
end of a shaft, by which motion is imparted to orreceived from it; also used to
change circular into reciprocatingmotion, or reciprocating into circular motion.
See Bell crank.
CRANKBIRD,A small European woodpecker (Picus minor).
CRANKED,Formed with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a cranked axle.
CRANKINESS,Crankness. Lowell.
CRANKLE,To break into bends, turns, or angles; to crinkle.Old Veg's stream . . .
drew her humid train aslope, Crankling herbanks. J. Philips.
CRANKNESS,Liability to be overset; -- said of a ship or other vessel.
CRANNIED,Having crannies, chinks, or fissures; as, a crannied wall.Tennyson.
CRANNY,A tool for forming the necks of bottles, etc.
CRANTARA,The fiery cross, used as a rallying signal in the Highlands ofScotland.
CRANTS,A garland carried before the bier of a maiden. [Obs.]Yet here she is allowed
her virgin crants, Her maaiden strewments.Shak.
CRAP SHOOTING,Same as Craps.
CRAP,In the game of craps, a first throw of the dice in which thetotal is two,
three, or twelve, in which case the caster loses.
CRAPAUD,A toad. [Obs.]
CRAPAUDINE,Turning on pivots at the top and bottom; -- said of a door.
CRAPE,A thin, crimped stuff, made of raw silk gummed and twisted onthe mill. Black
crape is much used for mourning garments, also forthe dress of some clergymen.A
saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn. Pope.Crape myrtle (Bot.), a very
ornamental shrub (Lagerströmia Indica)from the East Indies, often planted in the
Southern United States.Its foliage is like that of the myrtle, and the flower has
wavycrisped petals.-- Oriental crape. See Canton crape.
CRAPEFISH,Salted codfish hardened by pressure. Kane.
CRAPNEL,A hook or drag; a grapnel.
CRAPPIE,A kind of fresh-water bass of the genus Pomoxys, found in therivers of the
Southern United States and Mississippi valley. Thereare several species. [Written
also croppie.]
CRAPPLE,A claw. [Obs.]
CRAPS,A gambling game with dice. [Local, U.S.]
CRAPULENCE,The sickness occasioned by intemperance; surfeit. Bailey.
CRAPY,Resembling crape.
CRARE,A slow unwieldy trading vessel. [Obs.] [Written also crayer,cray, and craie.]
Shak.
CRASE,To break in pieces; to crack. [Obs.] "The pot was crased."Chaucer.
CRASH,To break in pieces violently; to dash together with noise andviolence. [R.]He
shakt his head, and crasht his teeth for ire. Fairfax.
CRASHING,The noise of many things falling and breaking at once.There shall be . . .
a great crashing from the hills. Zeph. i. 10.
CRASIS,A mixture of constituents, as of the blood; constitution;temperament.
CRASPEDOTA,The hydroid or naked-eyed medusæ. See Hydroidea.
CRASPEDOTE,Of or pertaining to the Craspedota.
CRASS,Cross; thick; dense; coarse; not elaborated or refined. "Crassand fumid
exhalations." Sir. T. Browne. "Crass ignorance" Cudworth.
CRASSIMENT,See Crassament.
CRASSITUDE,Crossness; coarseness; thickness; density. Bacon.
CRASSNESS,Grossness. [Obs.] Glanvill.
CRASTINATION,Procrastination; a putting off till to-morrow. [Obs.]
CRATAEGUS,A genus of small, hardy trees, including the hawthorn, muchused for
ornamental purposes.
CRATCH,A manger or open frame for hay; a crib; a rack. [Obs.]Begin from first where
He encradled was, In simple cratch, wrapt in awad of hay. Spenser.Cratch cradle, a
representation of the figure of the cratch, madeupon the fingers with a string;
cat's cradle; -- called also scratchcradle.
CRATE,To pack in a crate or case for transportation; as, to crate asewing machine;
to crate peaches.
CRATER,The pit left by the explosion of a mine.
CRATERIFORM,Having the form of a shallow bowl; -- said of a corolla.
CRATEROUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, a crater. [R.] R. Browning.
CRAUNCH,To crush with the teeth; to chew with violence and noise; tocrunch. Swift.
CRAVAT,A neckcloth; a piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, wornby men about
the neck.While his wig was combed and his cravat tied. Macualay.
CRAVATTED,Wearing a cravat.The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely
cravatted. Thackeray.
CRAVE,To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, acraving appetite.Once
one may crave for love. Suckling.
CRAVEN,Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. "His craven heart." Shak.The poor craven
bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott.In craven fear of the sarcasm of
Dorset. Macualay.
CRAVER,One who craves or begs.
CRAVING,Vehement or urgent desire; longing for; beseeching.A succession of cravings
and satiety. L'Estrange.-- Crav"ing*ly, adv.-- Crav"ing*ness, n.
CRAW,Any crustacean of the family Astacidæ, resembling the lobster,but smaller, and
found in fresh waters. Crawfishes are esteemed verydelicate food both in Europe and
America. The North American speciesare numerous and mostly belong to the genus
Cambarus. The blindcrawfish of the Mamoth Cave is Cambarus pellucidus. The
commonEuropean species is Astacus fluviatilis.
CRAWFORD,A Crawford peach; a well-known freestone peach, wich yellowflesh, first
raised by Mr. William Crawford, of New Jersey.
CRAWL STROKE,A racing stroke, in which the swimmer, lying flat on the waterwith
face submerged, takes alternate overhand arm strokes whilemoving his legs up and
down alternately from the knee.
CRAWL,The act or motion of crawling;
CRAWLER,One who, or that which, crawls; a creeper; a reptile.
CRAWLY,Creepy. [Colloq.]
CRAYFISH,See Crawfish.
CRAYON,A pencil of carbon used in producing electric light. Crayonboard, cardboard
with a surface prepared for crayon drawing.-- Crayon drawing, the act or art of
drawing with crayons; a drawingmade with crayons.
CRAZEDNESS,A broken state; decrepitude; an impaired state of theintellect.
CRAZILY,In a crazy manner.
CREABLE,Capable of being created. [Obs.] I. Watts.
CREAGHT,A drove or herd. [Obs.] Haliwell.
CREAK,To make a prolonged sharp grating or ssqueaking sound, as bythe friction of
hard substances; as, shoes creak.The creaking locusts with my voice conspire.
Dryden.Doors upon their hinges creaked. Tennyson.
CREAKING,A harsh grating or squeaking sound, or the act of making such asound.Start
not at the creaking of the door. Longfellow.
CREAM LAID,See under Laid.
CREAM,To form or become covered with cream; to become thick likecream; to assume
the appearance of cream; hence, to grow stiff orformal; to mantle.There are a sort
of men whose visages Do cream and mantle like astanding pool. Shak.
CREAM-COLORED,Of the color of cream; light yellow. "Cream-colored horses."Hazlitt.
CREAM-FACED,White or pale, as the effect of fear, or as the naturalcomplexion.Thou
cream-faced loon. Shak.
CREAM-FRUIT,A plant of Sierra Leone which yields a wholesome, creamy juice.
CREAM-SLICE,A wooden knife with a long thin blade, used in handling creamor ice
cream.
CREAM-WHITE,As white as cream.
CREAMCAKE,A kind of cake filled with custard made of cream, eggs, etc.
CREAMINESS,The quality of being creamy.
CREAMY,Full of, or containing, cream; resembling cream, in nature,appearance, or
taste; creamlike; unctuous. "Creamy bowis." Collins."Lines of creamy spray."
Tennyson. "Your creamy words but cozen."Beau & Fl.
CREANCE,A fine, small line, fastened to a hawk's leash, when it isfirst lured.
CREANT,Creative; formative. [R.] Mrs. Browning.
CREASE,See Creese. Tennison.
CREASER,A tool for making the band impression distinct on the back.Knight.
CREASING,A layer of tiles forming a corona for a wall.
CREASOTE,See Creosote.
CREASY,Full of creases. Tennyson.
CREAT,An usher to a riding master.
CREATABLE,That may be created.
CREATE,Created; composed; begotte. [Obs.]Hearts create of duty and zeal. Shak.
CREATIC,Relating to, or produced by, flesh or animal food; as, creaticnausea.
[Written also kreatic.]
CREATIN,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance found abundantly inmuscle
tissue. [Written also kreatine.]
CREATININ,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous body closely related tocreatin but more
basic in its properties, formed from the latter bythe action of acids, and
occurring naturally in muscle tissue and inurine. [Written also kretinine.]
CREATIONAL,Of or pertaining to creation.
CREATIONISM,The doctrine that a soul is specially created for each humanbeing as
soon as it is formed in the womb; -- opposed totraducianism.
CREATIVE,Having the power to create; exerting the act of creation."Creative
talent." W. Irving.The creative force exists in the germ. Whewell.
CREATIVENESS,The qualiyu of being creative.
CREATOR,One who creates, produces, or constitutes. Specifically, theSupreme
Being.To sin's rebuke and my Creater's praise. Shak.The poets and artists of
Greece, who are at the same time itsprophets, the creators of its divinities, and
the revealers of itstheological beliefs. Caird.
CREATORSHIP,State or condition of a creator.
CREATRESS,She who creates. Spenser.
CREATRIX,A creatress. [R.]
CREATURAL,Belonging to a creature; having the qualities of a creature.[R.]
CREATURELESS,Without created beings; alone.God was alone And creatureless at first.
Donne.
CREATURELY,Creatural; characteristic of a creature. [R.] "Creaturelyfaculties."
Cheyne.
CREATURESHIP,The condition of being a creature.
CREATURIZE,To make like a creature; to degrade [Obs.]Degrade and creaturize that
mundane soul. Cudworth.
CREAZE,The tin ore which collects in the central part of the washingpit or buddle.
CREBRICOSTATE,Marked with closely set ribs or ridges.
CREBRISULCATE,Marked with closely set transverse furrows.
CREBRITUDE,Frequency. [Obs.] Bailey.
CREBROUS,Frequent; numerous. [Obs.] Goodwin.
CRECHE,A public nursery, where the young children of poor women arecared for during
the day, while their mothers are at work.
CREDENCE,The small table by the side of the altar or communion table, onwhich the
bread and wine are placed before being consecrated.
CREDENDUM,A thing to be believed; an article of faith; -- distinguishedfrom
agendum, a practical duty.The great articles and credenda of Christianity. South.
CREDENTIAL,Giving a title or claim to credit or confidence; accrediting.Their
credential letters on both sides. Camden.
CREDIBILITY,The quality of being credible; credibleness; as, thecredibility of
facts; the credibility of witnesses.
CREDIBLE,Capable of being credited or believed; worthy of belief;entiled to
confidence; trustworthy.Things are made credible either by the known condition and
quality ofthe utterer or by the manifest likelihood of truth in themselves.Hooker.A
very diligent and observing person, and likewise very sober andcredible. Dampier.
CREDIBLENESS,The quality or state of being credible; worthness of
belief;credibility. [R.] Boyle.
CREDIBLY,In a manner inducing belief; as, I have been credibly informedof the
event.
CREDIT FONCIER,A company licensed for the purpose of carrying outimprovements, by
means of loans and advances upon real securities. ]
CREDIT MOBILIER,A joint stock company, formed for general banking business, orfor
the construction of public works, by means of loans on personalestate, after the
manner of the crédit foncier on real estate. Inpractice, however, this distinction
has not been strictly observed.
CREDIT,Trust given or received; expectation of future playment forproperty
transferred, or of fulfillment or promises given; mercantilereputation entitling
one to be trusted; -- applied to individuals,corporations, communities, or nations;
as, to buy goods on credit.Credit is nothing but the expectation of money, within
some limitedtime. Locke.
CREDITABLENESS,The quality of being creditable.
CREDITABLY,In a creditable manner; reputably; with credit.
CREDITOR,A female creditor.
CREDO,The creed, as sung or read in the Roman Catholic church.He repeated Aves and
Credos. Macualay.
CREDULITY,Readiness of belief; a disposition to believe on slightevidence.That
implict credulity is the mark of a feeble mind will not bedisputed. Sir W.
Hamilton.
CREDULOUSLY,With credulity.
CREDULOUSNESS,Readiness to believe on slight evidence; credulity.Beyond all
credulity is the credulousness of atheists. S. Clarke.
CREED,To believe; to credit. [Obs.]That part which is so creeded by the people.
Milton.
CREEDLESS,Without a creed. Carlyle.
CREEKFISH,The chub sucker.
CREEKS,A tribe or confederacy of North American Indians, including theMuskogees,
Seminoles, Uchees, and other subordinate tribes. Theyformerly inhabited Georgia,
Florida, and Alabama.
CREEKY,Containing, or abounding in, creeks; characterized by creeks;like a creek;
winding. "The creeky shore." Spenser.
CREEL,A bar or set of bars with skewers for holding paying-offbobbins, as in the
roving machine, throstle, and mule.
CREEP,A slow rising of the floor of a gallery, occasioned by thepressure of
incumbent strata upon the pillars or sides; a gradualmovement of mining ground.
CREEPER,A plant that clings by rootlets, or by tendrils, to the ground,or to trees,
etc.; as, the Virginia creeper (Ampelopsisquinquefolia).
CREEPIE,A low stool. [Scot.]
CREEPINESS,An uneasy sensation as of insects creeping on the skin.She felt a
curious, uneasy creepiness. Mrs. Alexander.
CREEPING CHARLIE,The stonecrop (Sedum acre).
CREEPINGLY,by creeping slowly; in the manner of a reptile;
insidiously;cunningly.How slily and creepingly did he address himself to our first
parents.South.
CREEPY,Crawly; having or producing a sensation like that caused byinsects creeping
on the skin. [Colloq.]One's whole blood grew curdling and creepy. R. Browning.
CREES,An Algonquin tribe of Indians, inhabiting a large part ofBritish America east
of the Rocky Mountains and south of Hudson'sBay.
CREESE,A dagger or short sword used by the Malays, commonly having aserpentine
blade. [Written also crease and kris.]From a Malayan creese to a sailor's
jackknife. Julian Hawthorne.
CREMAILLERE,An indented or zigzaged line of intrenchment.
CREMASTER,A thin muscle which serves to draw up the testicle.
CREMASTERIC,Of or pertaining to the cremaster; as, the cremasteric artery.
CREMATE,To burn; to reduce to ashes by the action of fire, eitherdirectly or in an
oven or retort; to incremate or incinerate; as, tocremate a corpse, instead of
burying it.
CREMATION,A burning; esp., the act or practice of cremating the dead.Without
cremation . . . of their bodies. Sir T. Browne.
CREMATIONIST,One who advocates the practice of cremation.
CREMATOR,One who, or that which, cremmates or consumes to ashes.
CREMATORY,Pertaining to, or employed in, cremation.
CREME,Cream; -- a term used esp. in cookery, names of liqueurs, etc.
CREMOCARP,The peculiar fruit of fennel, carrott, parsnip, and the like,consisting
of a pair of carpels pendent from a supporting axis.
CREMONA,A superior kind of violin, formerly made at Cremona, in Italy.
CREMOR,Cream; a substance resembling cream; yeast; scum.
CREMOSIN,See Crimson. [Obs.]
CREMS,See Krems.
CRENATION,A rounded tooth on the edge of a leaf.
CRENATURE,A rounded tooth or notch of a crenate leaf, or any part that iscrenate;
-- called also crenelle.
CRENEL,See Crenelle.
CRENELATION,The act of crenelating, or the state of being crenelated; anindentation
or an embrasure. [Written also crenellation.]
CRENELLED,Same as Crenate.
CREOLE STATE,Louisiana; -- a nickname. See Creole, n. & a.
CREOLE,One born of European parents in the American colonies of Franceor Spain or
in the States which were once such colonies, esp. aperson of French or Spanish
descent, who is a native inhabitant ofLouisiana, or one of the States adjoining,
bordering on the Gulf ofof Mexico.
CREOSOL,A colorless liquid resembling phenol or carbolic acid,homologous with
pyrocatechin, and obtained from beechwood tar and gumguaiacum. [Written also
creasol.]
CREOSOTE BUSH,A shrub (Covillea mexicana) found in desert regions fromColorado to
California and southward through Mexico. It has yellowflowers and very resinous
foliage with a strong odor of creosote.
CREOSOTE,Wood-tar oil; an oily antiseptic liquid, of a burning smokytaste,
colorless when pure, but usually colored yellow or brown byimpurity or exposure. It
is a complex mixture of various phenols andtheir ethers, and is obtained by the
distillation of wood tar,especially that of beechwood.
CREPE,Same as Crape.
CREPITANT,Having a crackling sound; crackling; rattling. Crepitant rale(Med.), a
peculiar crackling sound audible with inspiration inpneumonia and other lung
disease.
CREPITATE,To make a series of small, sharp, rapidly repeated explosionsor sounds,
as salt in fire; to crackle; to snap.
CREPON,A thin stuff made of the finest wool or silk, or of wool andsilk.
CREPT,imp. & p. p. of Creep.
CREPUSCULINE,Crepuscular. [Obs.] Sprat.
CRESCENCE,Increase; enlargement. [Obs.]And toward the moon's attractive crescence
bend. H. Brooke.
CRESCENDO,With a constantly increasing volume of voice; with graduallyincreasing
strength and fullness of tone; -- a direction for theperformance of music,
indicated by the mark, or by writing the wordon the score.
CRESCENT,The emblem of the increasing moon with horns directed upward,when used in
a coat of arms; -- often used as a mark of cadency todistinguish a second son and
his descendants.
CRESCENTIC,Crescent-shaped. "Crescentic lobes." R. Owen.
CRESCENTWISE,In the form of a crescent; like a crescent. Tennyson.
CRESCIVE,Increasing; growing. [R.]Unseen, yet crescive in his faculty. Shak.
CRESOL,Any one of three metameric substances, CH3.C6H4.OH, homologouswith and
resembling phenol. They are obtained from coal tar and woodtar, and are colorless,
oily liquids or solids.
CRESORCIN,Same as Isorcin.
CRESS,A plant of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaveshave a moderately
pungent taste, and are used as a salad andantiscorbutic.
CRESSELLE,A wooden rattle sometimes used as a substitute for a bell, inthe Roman
Catholic church, during the latter part of Holy Week, orthe last week of Lent.
CRESSET,A small furnace or iron cage to hold fire for charring theinside of a cask,
and making the staves flexible. Knight.
CRESSY,Abounding in cresses.The cressy islets white in flower. Tennyson.
CREST,A bearing worn, not upon the shield, but usually above it, orseparately as an
ornament for plate, liveries, and the like. It is arelic of the ancient cognizance.
See Cognizance, 4.
CRESTED,Having a crest of feathers or hair upon the head. "The crestedbird."
Dryden.
CRESTING,An ornamental finish on the top of a wall or ridge of a roof.
CRESTLESS,Without a crest or escutcheon; of low birth. "Crestlessyeomen." Shak.
CRESYLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cresol, creosote, etc. Cresylicacid.
(Chem.) See Cresol.
CRETACEOUS,Having the qualities of chalk;abounding with chalk; chalky;
as,cretaceous rocks and formations. See Chalk. Cretaceous acid, an oldname for
carbonic acid.-- Cretaceous formation (Geol.), the series of strata of
variouskinds, including beds of chalk, green sand, etc., formed in theCretaceous
period; -- called also the chalk formation. See theDiagram under Geology.--
Cretaceous period (Geol.), the time in the latter part of theMesozoic age during
which the Cretaceous formation was deposited.
CRETACEOUSLY,In a chalky manner; as chalk.
CRETAN,Pertaining to Crete, or Candia.-- n.
CRETE,A Cretan
CRETIAN,See Cretan.
CRETIC,A poetic foot, composed of one short syllable between two longones (-
Bentley.
CRETICISM,Falsehood; lying; cretism.
CRETIN,One afflicted with cretinism.
CRETINISM,A condition of endemic or inherited idiocy, accompanied byphysical
degeneracy and deformity (usually with goiter), frequent incertain mountain
valleys, esp. of the Alps.
CRETINOUS,Having the characteristics of a cretin. "Cretinousstupefaction." Ruskin.
CRETISM,A Cretan practice; iying; a falsehood.
CRETOSE,Chalky; cretaceous. [Obs.] Ash.
CREUTZER,(kroitn. See Kreutzer.
CREUX,Used in English only in the expression en creux. Thus,engraving en creux is
engraving in intaglio, or by sinking orhollowing out the design.
CREVET,A crucible or melting pot; a cruset. Crabb.
CREVICE,A narrow opening resulting from a split or crack or theseparation of a
junction; a cleft; a fissure; a rent.The mouse, Behind the moldering wainscot,
shrieked, Or from thecrevice peered about. Tennyson.
CREVICED,Having a crevice or crevices; as, a creviced structure forstoring ears of
corn.Trickling through the creviced rock. J. Cunningham.
CREVIS,The crawfish. [Prov. Eng.]
CREW,The Manx shearwater.
CREWEL,Worsted yarn,, slackly twisted, used for embroidery.
CREWELWORK,Embroidery in crewels, commonly done upon some plain material,such as
linen.
CREWET,See Cruet.
CRIB,A structure or frame of timber for a foundation, or forsupporting a roof, or
for lining a shaft.
CRIB-BITING,Same as Cribbing, 4.
CRIBBAGE,A game of cards, played by two or four persons, in which thereis a crib.
(See Crib, 11.) It is characterized by a great variety ofchances.A man's fancy
would be summed up in cribbage. John Hall.Cribbage board, a board with holes and
pegs, used by cribbage playersto score their game.
CRIBBING,A framework of timbers and plank backing for a shaft lining, toprevent
caving, percolation of water, etc.
CRIBBLE,To cause to pass through a sieve or riddle; to sift.
CRIBELLUM,A peculiar perforated organ of certain spiders (Ciniflonidæ),used for
spinning a special kind of silk.
CRIBRATE,Cribriform.
CRIBRATION,The act or process of separating the finer parts of drugs fromthe
coarser by sifting.
CRIBRIFORM,Resembling, or having the form of, a sieve; pierced with hokes;as, the
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone; a cribriform compress.Cribriform cells
(Bot.), those which have here and there oblique ortransverse sieve plates, or
places perforated with many holes.
CRIBROSE,Perforated like a sieve; cribriform.
CRIC,The ring which turns inward and condenses the flame of a lamp.Knight.
CRICK,The creaking of a door, or a noise resembling it. [Obs.]Johnson.
CRICKET,An orthopterous insect of the genus Gryllus, and allied genera.The males
make chirping, musical notes by rubbing together the basalparts of the veins of the
front wings.
CRICKETER,One who plays at cricket.
CRICOID,Resembling a ring; -- said esp. of the cartilage at the larynx,and the
adjoining parts.
CRICOTHYROID,Of or pertaining both to the cricoid and the thyroidcartilages.
CRIED,imp. & p. p. of Cry.
CRIER,One who cries; one who makes proclamation. Specifically, anofficer who
proclams the orders or directions of a court, or whogives public notice by loud
proclamation; as, a town-crier.He openeth his mouth like a crier. Ecclus. xx. 15.
CRIMEFUL,Criminal; wicked; contrary to law, right, or dury. [Obs.] Shak.
CRIMELESS,Free from crime; innocent. Shak.
CRIMINAL,One who has commited a crime; especially, one who is foundguilty by
verdict, confession, or proof; a malefactor; a felon.
CRIMINALIST,One versed in criminal law. [R.]
CRIMINALITY,The quality or state of being criminal; that which constitutesa crime;
guiltiness; guilt.This is by no means the only criterion of criminality.
Blackstone.
CRIMINALLY,In violation of law; wickedly.
CRIMINALNESS,Criminality. [R.]
CRIMINATION,The act of accusing; accusation; charge; complaint.The criminations and
recriminations of the adverse parties. Macaulay.
CRIMINATIVE,Charging with crime; accusing; criminatory. R. North.
CRIMINATORY,Relating to, or involving, crimination; accusing; as, acriminatory
conscience.
CRIMINOLOGY,A treatise on crime or the criminal population.-- Crim`i*nol"o*gist (-
j, n.
CRIMINOUS,Criminal; involving great crime or grave charges; very wicked;heinous.
[Obs.] Holland.-- Crim"i*nous*ly, adv..-- Crim"i*nous*ness,n. [Obs.]
CRIMOSIN,See Crimson.
CRIMP,To cause to contract, or to render more crisp, as the flesh ofa fish, by
gashing it, when living, with a knife; as, to crimp skate,etc. Crimping house, a
low lodging house, into which men are decoyedand plied with drink, to induce them
to ship or enlist as sailors orsoldiers.-- Crimping iron. (a) An iron instrument
for crimping and curlingthe hair. (b) A crimping machine.-- Crimping machine, a
machine with fluted rollers or with dies, forcrimping ruffles leather, iron, etc.--
Crimping pin, an instrument for crimping or puckering the borderof a lady's cap.
CRIMPAGE,The act or practice of crimping; money paid to a crimp forshipping or
enlisting men.
CRIMPER,One who, or that which, crimps; as: (a) A curved board or frameover which
the upper of a boot or shoe is stretched to the requiredshape. (b) A device for
giving hair a wavy apperance. (c) A machinefor crimping or ruffling textile
fabrics.
CRIMPLE,To cause to shrink or draw together; to contract; to curl. [R.]Wiseman.
CRIMPY,Having a crimped appearance; frizzly; as, the crimpy wool ofthe Saxony
sheep.
CRIMSON,A deep red color tinged with blue; also, red color in general.Theugh jour
be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; thoughthey be red like crimson, they
shall be as wool. Is. i. 18.A maid jet rosed over with the virgin crimson of
modesty. Shak.
CRINAL,Of or pertaining to the hair. [R.] Blount.
CRINATED,Having hair; hairy.
CRINATORY,Crinitory. Craig.
CRINCUM,A twist or bend; a turn; a whimsey. [Colloq.] Hudibras.
CRINCUM-CRANCUM,A twist; a whimsey or whim. [Colloq.]
CRINED,Having the hair of a different tincture from the rest of thebody; as, a
charge crined of a red tincture.
CRINGE,To draw one's self together as in fear or servility; to bend orcrouch with
base humility; to wince; hence; to make court in adegrading manner; to fawn.When
they were come up to the place where the lions were, the boysthat went before were
glad to cringe behind, for they were afraid ofthe lions. Bunyan.Sly
hypocrite, . . . who more than thou Once fawned and cringed, andservilely adored
Heaven's awful monarch Milton.Flatterers . . . are always bowing and cringing.
Arbuthnot.
CRINGELING,One who cringes meanly; a fawner.
CRINGER,One who cringes.
CRINGINGLY,In a cringing manner.
CRINGLE,An iron or pope thimble or grommet worked into or attached tothe edges and
corners of a sail; -- usually in the plural. Thecringles are used for making fast
the bowline bridles, earings, etc.
CRINICULTURAL,Relating to the growth of hair. [R.]
CRINIGEROUS,Bearing hair; hairy. [R.]
CRINITAL,Same as Crinite,
CRINITE,Bearded or tufted with hairs. Gray.
CRINITORY,Of or relating to hair; as, a crinitory covering. T. Hook.
CRINKLE,To form with short turns, bends, or wrinkles; to mold intoinequalites or
sinuosities; to cause to wrinkle or curl.The houscrinkled to and fro. Chaucer.Her
face all bowsy, Comely crinkled, Wondrously wrinkled. Skelton.The flames through
all the casements pushing forth, Like red-notdevils crinkled into snakes. Mrs.
Browning.
CRINKLED,Having short bends, turns, or wrinkles; wrinkled; wavy; zigzag."The
crinkled lightning." Lowell.
CRINKLY,Having crinkles; wavy; wrinkly.
CRINOID,Crinoidal.-- n.
CRINOIDAL,Of pertaining to crinoids; consisting of, or containing,crinoids.
CRINOIDEA,A large class of Echinodermata, including numerous extinctfamilies and
genera, but comparatively few living ones. Most of thefossil species, like some
that are recent, were attached by a jointedstem. See Blastoidea, Cystoidea,
Comatula.
CRINOIDEAN,One of the Crinoidea.
CRINOSE,Hairy. [R.]
CRINOSITY,Hairiness. [R.]
CRINUM,A genus of bulbous plants, of the order Amaryllidace,cultivated as
greenhouse plants on account of their beauty.
CRIOSPHINX,A sphinx with the head of a ram.
CRIPPLE,One who creeps, halts, or limps; one who has lost, or neverhad, the use of
a limb or limbs; a lame person; hence, one who ispartially disabled.I am a cripple
in my limbs; but what decays are in my mind, thereader must determine. Dryden.
CRIPPLED,Lamed; lame; disabled; impeded. "The crippled crone."Longfellow.
CRIPPLENESS,Lameness. [R.] Johnson.
CRIPPLER,A wooden tool used in graining leather. Knight.
CRIPPLING,Spars or timbers set up as a support against the side of abuilding.
CRIPPLY,Lame; disabled; in a crippled condition. [R.] Mrs. Trollope.
CRISIS,That change in a disease which indicates whether the result isto be recovery
or death; sometimes, also, a striking change ofsymptoms attended by an outward
manifestation, as by an eruption orsweat.Till some safe crisis authorize their
skill. Dryden.
CRISP,To undulate or ripple. Cf. Crisp, v. t.To watch the crisping ripples on the
beach. Tennuson.
CRISPATURE,The state of being crispate.
CRISPER,One who, or that which, crisps or curls; an instrument formaking little
curls in the nap of cloth, as in chinchilla.
CRISPLY,In a crisp manner.
CRISPNESS,The state or quality of being crisp.
CRISSCROSS,To mark or cover with cross lines; as, a paper was crisscrossedwith red
marks.
CRISSCROSS-ROW,See Christcross-row.
CRISSUM,That part of a bird, or the feathers, surrounding the cloacalopening; the
under tail coverts.
CRISTATE,Crested.
CRITERION,A standard of judging; any approved or established rule ortest, by which
facts, principles opinions, and conduct are tried informing a correct judgment
respecting them.Of the diseases of the mind there is no criterion. Donne.Inferences
founded on such enduring criteria. Sir G. C. Lewis.
CRITH,The unit for estimating the weight of a
CRITHOMANCY,A kind of divination by means of the dough of the cakes offeredin the
ancient sacrifices, and the meal strewed over the victims.
CRITIC,Of or pertaining to critics or criticism; critical. [Obs.]"Critic learning."
Pope.
CRITICAL,Pertaining to, or indicating, a crisis, turning point, orspecially
important juncture; important as regards consequences;hence, of doubtful issue;
attended with risk; dangerous; as, thecritical stage of a fever; a critical
situation.Our circumstances are indeed critical. Burke.The small moment, the exact
point, the critical minute, on whichevery good work so much depends. South.Critical
angle (Optics), that angle of incidence of a luminous ray atwhich it is wholly
reflected, and no portion of it transmitted. Thesine of this angle is the
reciprocal of the refractive index of themedium.-- Critical philosophy, the
metaphysical system of Kant; -- socalled from his most important work, the
"Critique of Pure Reason." -- Critical point (Physics), a certain temperature,
different fordifferent gases, but always the same for each gas, regarded as
thelimit above which no amount of pressure can produce condensation to aliquid.
CRITICASTER,A contemptible or vicious critic.The rancorous and reptile crew of
poeticules, who decompose intocriticasters. Swinburne.
CRITICISABLE,Capable of being criticised.
CRITICISER,One who criticises; a critic.
CRITIQUE,To criticise or pass judgment upon. [Obs.] Pope.
CRIZZEL,A kind of roughness on the surface of glass, which clouds itstransparency.
[Written also crizzeling and crizzle.]
CROAK,To utter in a low, hoarse voice; to announce by croaking; toforebode; as, to
croak disaster.The raven himself is hoarse, That croaks the fatal entrance
ofDuncan. Shak.Two ravens now began to croak Their nuptial song. Wordsworth.
CROATIAN,Of or pertaining to Croatia.-- n.
CROCEIN,A name given to any one of several yellow or scarlet dyestuffsof artificial
production and complex structure. In general they arediazo and sulphonic acid
derivatives of benzene and naphthol.
CROCEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or like, saffron; deep reddish yellow. [R.]
CROCETIN,A dyestuff, obtained from the Chinese croicin, which produces abrilliant
yellow.
CROCHE,A little bud or knob at the top of a deer's antler.
CROCHET,A kind of knitting done by means of a hooked needle, withworsted, silk, or
cotton; crochet work. Commonly used adjectively.Crochet hook, Crochet needle, a
small hook, or a hooked needle (oftenof bone), used in crochet work.
CROCIARY,One who carries the cross before an archbishop. [Obs.]
CROCIDOLITE,A mineral occuring in silky fibers of a lavender blue color. Itis
related to hornblende and is essentially a silicate of iron andsoda; -- called also
blue asbestus. A silicified form, in which thefibers penetrating quartz are changed
to oxide of iron, is the yellowbrown tiger-eye of the jewelers.
CROCK,The loose black particles collected from combustion, as on potsand kettles,
or in a chimney; soot; smut; also, coloring matter whichrubs off from cloth.
CROCKER,A potter. [Obs.] Wyclif.
CROCKERY,Earthenware; vessels formed of baked clay, especially thecoarser kinds.
CROCKET,An ornament often resembling curved and bent foliage,projecting from the
sloping edge of a gable, spire, etc.
CROCKETED,Ornamented with crockets.
CROCKETING,Ornamentation with crockets. Ruskin.
CROCKY,Smutty.
CROCODILE,A large reptile of the genus Crocodilus, of several species.They grow to
the length of sixteen or eighteen feet, and inhabit thelarge rivers of Africa,
Asia, and America. The eggs, laid in thesand, are hatched by the sun's heat. The
best known species is thatof the Nile (C. vulgaris, or C. Niloticus). The Florida
crocodile (C.Americanus) is much less common than the alligator and has longerjaws.
The name is also sometimes applied to the species of otherrelated genera, as the
gavial and the alligator.
CROCODILIA,An order of reptiles including the crocodiles, gavials,alligators, and
many extinct kinds.
CROCODILIAN,Like, or pertaining to, the crocodile; characteristic of
thecrocodile.-- n.
CROCODILITY,A caption or sophistical mode of arguing. [R.]
CROCOISITE,Same as Crocoite.
CROCOITE,Lead chromate occuring in crystals of a bright hyacinth redcolor; --
called also red lead ore.
CROCONATE,A salt formed by the union of croconic acid with a base.
CROCOSE,A white crystalline sugar, metameric with glucose, obtainedfrom the
coloring matter of saffron. [Written also crokose.]
CROCUS,A genus of iridaceous plants, with pretty blossoms risingseparately from the
bulb or corm. C. vernus is one of the earliest ofspring-blooming flowers; C.
sativus produces the saffron, andblossoms in the autumn.
CROESUS,A king of Lydia who flourished in the 6th century b. c., andwas renowned
for his vast wealth; hence, a common appellation for avery rich man; as, he is
veritable Croesus.
CROFT,A small, inclosed field, adjoining a house; a small farm.A few small crofts
of stone-encumbered ground. Wordsworth.
CROFTER,One who rents and tills a small farm or helding; as, thecrofters of
Scotland.
CROFTING,Exposing linen to the sun, on the grass, in the process ofbleaching.
CROFTLAND,Land of superior quality, on which successive crops are raised.[Scot.]
Jamieson.
CROFTON SYSTEM,A system of prison discipline employing for consecutive
periodscellular confinement, associated imprisonment under the mark
system,restraint intermediate between imprisonment and freedom, andliberation on
ticket of leave.
CROIS,See Cross, n. [Obs.]
CROISSANTE,Terminated with crescent; -- said of a cross the ends of whichare so
terminated.
CROKER,A cultivator of saffron; a dealer in saffron. [Obs.] Holinshed.
CROMA,A quaver. [Obs.]
CROMLECH,A monument of rough stones composed of one or more large onessupported in
a horizontal position upon others. They are foundchiefly in countris inhabited by
the ancient Celts, and are of aperiod anterior to the introduction of Christianity
into thesecountries.
CROMORNA,A certain reed stop in the organ, of a quality of toneresembling that of
the oboe. [Corruptly written cromona.]
CRONEL,The iron head of a tilting spear.
CRONET,The coronet of a horse.
CRONIAN,Saturnian; -- applied to the North Polar Sea. [R.] Milton.
CRONSTEDTITE,A mineral consisting principally of silicate of iron, andcrystallizing
in hexagonal prisms with perfect basal cleavage; -- sonamed from the Swedish
mineralogist Cronstedt.
CROOK,A small tube, usually curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc.,to change its
pitch or key.
CROOKBACK,A crooked back; one who has a crooked or deformed back; ahunchback.
CROOKBILL,A New Zealand plover (Anarhynchus frontalis), remarkable forhaving the
end of the beak abruptly bent to the right.
CROOKEDLY,In a curved or crooked manner; in a perverse or untowardmanner.
CROOKEDNESS,The condition or quality of being crooked; hence, deformity ofbody or
of mind; deviation from moral rectitude; perverseness.
CROOKEN,To make crooked. [Obs.]
CROOKES SPACE,The dark space within the negative-pole glow at the cathode ofa
vacuum tube, observed only when the pressure is low enough to givea striated
discharge; -- called also Crookes layer.
CROOKES TUBE,A vacuum tube in which the exhaustion is carried to a very highdegree,
with the production of a distinct class of effects; -- socalled from W. Crookes who
introduced it.
CROOKNECK,Either of two varieties of squash, distinguished by theirtapering,
recurved necks. The summer crookneck is botanically avariety of the pumpkin
(Cucurbita pepo) and matures early in theseason. It is pale yellow in color, with
warty excrescences. Thewinter crookneck belongs to a distinct species (C. moschata)
and issmooth and often striped. [U. S.]
CROP,A projecting ornament in carved stone. Specifically, a finial.[Obs.]
CROP-EAR,A person or animal whose ears are cropped.
CROP-EARED,Having the ears cropped.
CROP-TAILED,Having the tail cropped.
CROPFUL,Having a full crop or belly; satiated. Milton.
CROPPER,A machine for cropping, as for shearing off bolts or rod iron,or for facing
cloth.
CROPSICK,Sick from excess in eating or drinking. [Obs.] "Cropsickdrunkards."
Tate.-- Crop"sick`ness, n. [Obs.] Whitlock.
CROQUANTE,A brittle cake or other crisp pastry.
CROQUET,In the game of croquet, to drive away an opponent's ball, afterputting
one's own in contact with it, by striking one's own ball withthe mallet.
CROQUETTE,A ball of minced meat, fowl, rice, or other ingredients, highlyseasoned,
and fried.
CRORE,Ten millions; as, a crore of rupees (which is nearly$5,000,000). [East
Indies] Malcolm.
CROSIER,The pastoral staff of a bishop (also of an archbishop, beingthe symbol of
his office as a shepherd of the flock of God.
CROSIERED,Bearing a crosier.
CROSLET,See Crosslet.
CROSS,A monument in the form of a cross, or surmounted bu a cross,set up in a
public place; as, a market cross; a boundary cross;Charing Cross in London.Dun-
Edin's Cross, a pillared stone, Rose on a turret octagon. Sir W.Scott.
CROSS-ARMED,With arms crossed.
CROSS-BANDED,A term used when a narrow ribbon of veneer is inserted into thesurfase
of any piece of furniture, wainscoting, etc., so that thegrain of it is contrary to
the general surface.
CROSS-BEARER,A subdeacon who bears a cross before an archbishop or primateon solemn
occasions.
CROSS-BIRTH,Any preternatural labor, in whiche the boly of the child liesacross the
pelvis of the mother, so that the shoulder, arm, or trunkis the part first
presented at the mouth of the uterus.
CROSS-BUN,A bun or cake marked with a cross, and intended to be eaten onGood
Friday.
CROSS-BUTTOCK,A throw in which the wrestler turns his left side to hisopponent,
places his left leg across both legs of his opponent, andpulls him forward over his
hip; hence, an unexpected defeat orrepulse.
CROSS-CROSSLET,A cross having the three upper ends crossed, so as to fromthree
small crosses.
CROSS-DAYS,The three days preceding the Feast of the Ascension.
CROSS-EXAMINATION,The interrogating or questioning of a witness by the partyagainst
whom he has been called and examined. See Examination.
CROSS-EXAMINE,To examine or question, as a witness who has been called andexamined
by the opposite party. "The opportunity to cross-examine thewitnesses." Kent.
CROSS-EXAMINER,One who cross-examines or conducts a crosse-examination.
CROSS-EYE,See Strabismus.
CROSS-EYED,Affected with strabismus; squint-eyed; squinting.
CROSS-FERTILIZE,To fertilize, as the stigmas of a flower or plant, with thepollen
from another individual of the same species.
CROSS-GARNET,A hinge having one strap perpendicular and the other straphorizontal
giving it the form of an Egyptian or T cross.
CROSS-PAWL,Same as Cross-spale.
CROSS-PURPOSE,A conversational game, in which questions and answers are madeso as
to involve ludicrous combinations of ideas. Pepys. To be atcross-purposes, to
misunderstand or to act counter to one anotherwithout intending it; -- said of
persons.
CROSS-QUESTION,To cross-examine; to subject to close questioning.
CROSS-READING,The reading of the lines of a newspaper directly across thepage,
instead of down the columns, thus producing a ludicrouscombination of ideas.
CROSS-SPRINGER,One of the ribs in a groined arch, springing from the cornersin a
diagonal direction.
CROSS-STITCH,A form of stitch, where the stitches are diagonal and in pairs,the
thread of one stitch crossing that of the other. "Tent and cross-stitch." Sir W.
Scott.-- Cross"-stitch`, v. t. & i.
CROSS-STONE,See Harmotome, and Staurotide.
CROSS-TAIL,A bar connecting the ends of the side rods or levers of abackaction or
side-lever engine.
CROSS-TIE,A sleeper supporting and connecting the rails, and holding themin place.
CROSS-TINING,A mode of harrowing crosswise, or transversely to the ridges.Crabb.
CROSS-VAULTING,Vaulting formed by the intersection of two or more simplevaults.
CROSS-WEEK,Rogation week, when the cross was borne in processions.
CROSSBAR,A transverse bar or piece, as a bar across a door, or as theiron bar or
stock which passes through the shank of an anchor toinsure its turning fluke down.
Russell. Crossbar shot, a projectilewhich folds into a sphere for loading, but on
leaving the gun expandsto a cross with a quarter ball at the end of each arm; --
used innaval actions for cutting the enemy's rigging.
CROSSBEAK,Same as Crossbill.
CROSSBEAM,A girder.
CROSSBILL,A bill brought by a defendant, in an equity or chancery suit,against the
plaintiff, respecting the matter in question in thatsuit. Bouvier.
CROSSBITE,A deeption; a cheat. [Obs.]
CROSSBONES,A representation of two of the leg bones or arm bones of askeleton, laid
crosswise, often surmounted with a skull, and servingas a symbol of
death.Crossbones, scythes, hourglasses, and other lugubrios emblems ofmortality.
Hawthorne.
CROSSBOW,A weapon, used in discharging arrows, formed by placing a bowcrosswise on
a stock.
CROSSBOWER,A crossbowman.[Obs.]
CROSSBOWMAN,One who shoots with a crossbow. See Arbalest.
CROSSBRED,Produced by mixing distinct breeds; mongrel.
CROSSCUT,, v. t. To cut across or through; to intersect.
CROSSE,The implement with which the ball is thrown and caught in thegame of
lacrosse.
CROSSFISH,A starfish.
CROSSFLOW,To flow across, or in a contrary direction. "His crossflowingcourse."
Milton.
CROSSHATCH,To shade by means of crosshatching.
CROSSHATCHING,In drawing and line engraving, shading with lines that crossone
another at an angle.
CROSSHEAD,A beam or bar across the head or end of a rod, etc., or a blockattached
to it and carrying a knuckle pin; as the solid crosspiecerunning between parallel
slides, which receives motion from thepiston of a steam engine and imparts it to
the connecting rod, whichis hinged to the crosshead.
CROSSJACK,The lowest square sail, or the lower yard of the mizzenmast.
CROSSLEGGED,Having the legs crossed.
CROSSLET,A crucible. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CROSSLY,Athwart; adversely; unfortunately; peevishly; fretfully; withill humor.
CROSSNESS,The quality or state of being cross; peevishness; fretfulness;ill humor.
CROSSOPTERYGIAN,Of or pertaining to the Crossopterygii.-- n.
CROSSOPTERYGII,An order of ganoid fishes including among living species thebichir
(Polypterus). See Brachioganoidei.
CROSSPATCH,An ill-natured person. [Colloq.] "Crosspatch, draw the latch."Mother
Goose.
CROSSPIECE,A bar or timber connecting two knightheads or two bitts.
CROSSROAD,A road that crosses another; an obscure road intersecting oravoiding the
main road.
CROSSRUFF,The play in whist where partners trump each a different suit,and lead to
each other for that purpose; -- called also seesaw.
CROSSTREES,Pieces of timber at a masthead, to which are attached the uppershrouds.
At the head of lower masts in large vessels, they support asemicircular platform
called the "top."
CROSSWAY,See Crossroad.
CROSSWISE,In the form of a cross; across; transversely. Longfellow.
CROSSWORT,A name given to several inconspicuous plants having leaves inwhorls of
four, as species of Crucianella, Valantia, etc.
CROTALARIA,A genus of leguminous plants; rattlebox.
CROTALINE,Resembling, or pertaining to, the Crotalidae, or Rattlesnakefamily.
CROTALO,A Turkish musical instrument.
CROTALUM,A kind of castanet used by the Corybantes.
CROTALUS,A genus of poisonous serpents, including the rattlesnakes.
CROTAPHITE,The temple or temporal fossa. Also used adjectively.
CROTAPHITIC,Pertaining to the temple; temporal.
CROTCH CHAIN,A form of tackle for loading a log sideways on a sled, skidway,etc.
CROTCH,A stanchion or post of wood or iron, with two arms forsupporting a boom,
spare yards, etc.; -- called also crane andcrutch. Totten.
CROTCHET,A time note, with a stem, having one fourth the value of asemibreve, one
half that of a minim, and twice that of a quaver; aquarter note.
CROTCHETED,Marked or measured by crotchets; having musical notation.Harmar (1587).
CROTCHETINESS,The state or character of being crotchety, or whimsical.This belief
in rightness is a kind of conscientiousness, and when itdegenerates it becomes
crotchetiness. J. Grote.
CROTCHETY,Given to crotchets; subject to whims; as, a crotchety man.
CROTON BUG,A small, active, winged species of cockroach (EctobiaGermanica), the
water bug. It is common aboard ships, and in housesin cities, esp. in those with
hot-water pipes.
CROTON,A genus of euphorbiaceous plants belonging to tropicalcountries. Croton oil
(Med.), a viscid, acrid, brownish yellow oilobtained from the seeds of Croton
Tiglium, a small tree of the EastIndies. It is a most powerful drastic cathartic,
and is usedexternally as a pustulant.
CROTONIC,Of or pertaining to, or derived from, a plant of the genusCroton, or from
croton oil. Crotonic acid (Chem.), a whitecrystalline organic acid, C3H5.CO2H, of
the ethylene, or acrylic acidseries. It was so named because formerly supposed to
exist in crotonoil. Also, any acid metameric with crotonic acid proper.
CROTONINE,A supposed alkaloid obtained from croton oil by boiling it withwater and
magnesia, since found to be merely a magnesia soap of theoil. Watts.
CROTONYLENE,A colorless, volatile, pungent liquid, C4H6, producedartificially, and
regarded as an unsaturated hydrocarbon of theacetylene series, and analogous to
crotonic acid.
CROTTLES,A name given to various lichens gathered for dyeing. [Scot.]
CROUCHED,Marked with the sign of the cross. [Obs.] Crouched friar. SeeCrutched
friar, under Crutched.
CROUD,See Crowd, a violin.
CROUKE,A crock; a jar. [Obs.] Chauser.
CROUP,The hinder part or buttocks of certain quadrupeds, especiallyof a horse;
hence, the place behind the saddle.So light to the croup the fair lady he swung, So
light to the saddlebefore her he sprung. Sir W. Scott.
CROUPADE,A leap in which the horse pulls up his hind legs toward hisbelly.
CROUPAL,Croupy.
CROUPER,See Crupper.
CROUPOUS,Relating to or resembling croup; especially, attended with theformation of
a deposit or membrance like that found in membranouscroup; as, croupous laryngitis.
Croupous pneumonia, pneumoniaattended with deposition of fibrinous matter in the
air vesicles ofthe lungs; ordinary acute pneumonia.
CROUPY,Of or pertaining to croup; resembling or indicating croup; as,a croupy
cough.
CROUSE,Brisk; lively; bold; self-complacent. [Scot.] Burns.
CROUSTADE,Bread baked in a mold, and scooped out, to serve minces upon.Bishop.
CROUT,See Sourkrout.
CROUTON,Bread cut in various forms, and fried lightly in butter or oil,to garnish
hashes, etc.
CROW,A bird, usually black, of the genus Corvus, having a strongconical beak, with
projecting bristles. It has a harsh, croakingnote. See Caw.
CROW-QUILL,A quill of the crow, or a very fine pen made from such a quill.
CROW-SILK,A filamentous fresh-water alga (Conferva rivularis of
Linnaeus,Rhizoclonium rivulare of Kutzing).
CROW-TRODDEN,Marked with crow's-feet, or wrinkles, about the eyes. [Poetic]Do I
look as if I were crow-trodden Beau. & FL.
CROWBAR,A bar of iron sharpened at one end, and used as a lever.
CROWBERRY,A heathlike plant of the genus Empetrum, and its fruit, ablack, scarcely
edible berry; -- also called crakeberry.
CROWD,An ancient instrument of music with six strings; a kind ofviolin, being the
oldest known stringed instrument played with a bow.[Written also croud, crowth,
cruth, and crwth.]A lackey that . . . can warble upon a crowd a little. B. Jonson.
CROWDER,One who plays on a crowd; a fiddler. [Obs.] "Some blindcrowder." Sir P.
Sidney.
CROWDY,A thick gruel of oatmeal and milk or water; food of theporridge kind.
[Scot.]
CROWFLOWER,A kind of campion; according to Gerarde, the Lychnis Flos-cuculi.
CROWFOOT,The genus Ranunculus, of many species; some are common weeds,others are
flowering plants of considerable beauty.
CROWKEEPER,A person employed to scare off crows; hence, a scarecrow.[Obs.]Scaring
the ladies like a crowkeeper. Shak.
CROWN COLONY,A colony of the British Empire not having an electivemagistracy or a
parliament, but governed by a chief magistrate(called Governor) appointed by the
Crown, with executive councilorsnominated by him and not elected by the people.
CROWN OFFICE,The criminal branch of the Court of King's or Queen's Bench,commonly
called the crown side of the court, which takes cognizanceof all criminal cases.
Burrill.
CROWN SIDE,See Crown office.
CROWN WHEEL,A wheel with cogs or teeth set at right angles to its plane; --called
also a contrate wheel or face wheel.
CROWN,p. p. of Crow. [Obs.]
CROWN-IMPERIAL,A spring-blooming plant (Fritillaria imperialis) of the Lilyfamily,
having at the top of the stalk a cluster of pendent bell-shaped flowers surmounted
with a tuft of green leaves.
CROWN-POST,Same as King-post.
CROWN-SAW,A saw in the form of a hollow cylinder, with teeth on the endor edge, and
operated by a rotative motion.
CROWNER,A coroner. [Prov. Eng. or Scot.]
CROWNLAND,In Austria-Hungary, one of the provinces, or largestadministrative
divisions of the monarchy; as, the crownland of LowerAustria.
CROWNLESS,Without a crown.
CROWNLET,A coronet. [Poetic] Sir W. Scott.
CROWNWORK,A work consisting of two or more bastioned fronts, with theiroutworks,
covering an enceinte, a bridgehead, etc., and connected bywings with the main work
or the river bank.
CROWS,A tribe of Indians of the Dakota stock, living in Montana; --also called
Upsarokas.
CROWSTEP,See Corriestep.
CROWSTONE,The top stone of the gable end of a house. Halliwell.
CROWTH,An ancient musical instrument. See 4th Crowd.
CROYDON,A kind of carriage like a gig, orig. of wicker-work.
CROYLSTONE,Crystallized cawk, in which the crystals are small.
CROYS,See Cross, n. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CROZE,A cooper's tool for making the grooves for the heads of casks,etc.; also, the
groove itself.
CROZIER,See Crosier.
CROZIERED,Crosiered.
CRUCIAN CARP,A kind of European carp (Carasius vulgaris), inferior to thecommon
carp; -- called also German carp.
CRUCIATE,Having the leaves or petals arranged in the form of a cross;cruciform.
CRUCIATION,The act of torturing; torture; torment. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
CRUCIBLE STEEL,Cast steel made by fusing in crucibles crude or scrap steel,wrought
iron, and other ingredients and fluxes.
CRUCIFER,Any plant of the order Cruciferæ.
CRUCIFEROUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants which havefour
petals arranged like the arms of a cross, as the mustard,radish, turnip, etc.
CRUCIFIER,One who crucifies; one who subjects himself or another to apainful trial.
CRUCIFORM,Cross-shaped; (Bot.) having four parts arranged in the form ofa cross.
CRUCIGEROUS,Bearing the cross; marked with the figure of a cross. Sir. T.Browne.
CRUD,See Curd. [Obs.]
CRUDDLE,To curdle. [Obs.]See how thy blood cruddles at this. Bea
CRUDE,Harsh and offensive, as a color; tawdry or in bad taste, as acombination of
colors, or any design or work of art.
CRUDELY,In a crude, immature manner.
CRUDENESS,A crude, undigested, or unprepared state; rawness;
unripeness;immatureness; unfitness for a destined use or purpose; as, thecrudeness
of iron ore; crudeness of theories or plans.
CRUDLE,See Cruddle.
CRUDY,Coagulated. [Obs.]His cruel wounds with crudy blood congealed. Spenser.
CRUEL,See Crewel.
CRUELNESS,Cruelty. [Obs.] Spenser.
CRUELS,Glandular scrofulous swellings in the neck.
CRUENTATE,Smeared with blood. [Obs.] Glanwill.
CRUENTOUS,Bloody; cruentate. [Obs.]
CRUET,A vessel used to hold wine, oil, or water for the service ofthe altar. Cruet
stand, a frame for holding cruets; a caster.
CRUISE,See Cruse, a small bottle.
CRUISER,One who, or a vessel that, cruises; -- usually an armed vessel.
CRUIVE,A kind of weir or dam for trapping salmon; also, a hovel.[Scot.]
CRULL,Curly; curled. [Obs.]
CRULLER,A kind of sweet cake cut in strips and curled or twisted, andfried crisp in
boiling fat. [Also written kruller.]
CRUMB,To break into crumbs or small pieces with the fingers; as, tocrumb bread.
[Written also crum.]
CRUMBCLOTH,A cloth to be laid under a dining table to receive fallingfragments, and
keep the carpet or floor clean. [Written alsocrumcloth.]
CRUMBLE,To break into small pieces; to cause to fall in pieces.He with his bare
wand can unthread thy joints, And crumble all thysinews. Milton.
CRUMBLY,EAsily crumbled; friable; brittle. "The crumbly soil."Hawthorne.
CRUMENAL,A purse. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
CRUMMABLE,Capable of being crumbed or broken into small pieces.
CRUMPET,A kind of large. thin muffin or cake, light and spongy, andcooked on a
griddle or spider.
CRUMPLE,To draw or press into wrinkles or folds to crush together; torumple; as, to
crumple paper.They crumpled it into all shapes, and diligently scanned everywrinkle
that could be made. Addison.
CRUMPY,Brittle; crisp. Wright.
CRUNCH,To crush with the teeth; to chew with a grinding noise; tocraunch; as, to
crunch a biscuit.
CRUNODAL,Possessing, or characterized by, a crunode; -- used of curves.
CRUNODE,A point where one branch of a curve crosses another branch. SeeDouble
point, under Double, a.
CRUOR,The coloring matter of the blood; the clotted portion ofcoagulated blood,
containing the coloring matter; gore.
CRUORIN,The coloring matter of the blood in the living animal;hæmoglobin.
CRUP,Short; brittle; as, crup cake. Todd.
CRUPPER,To fit with a crupper; to place a crupper upon; as, to cruppera horse.
CRURA,See Crus.
CRURAL,Of or pertaining to the thigh or leg, or to any of the partscalled crura;
as, the crural arteries; crural arch; crural canal;crural ring.
CRUSADE,To engage in a crusade; to attack in a zealous or hot-headedmanner. "Cease
crusading against sense." M. Green.
CRUSADER,One engaged in a crusade; as, the crusaders of the Middle Ages.Azure-eyed
and golden-haired, Forth the young crusaders fared.Longfellow.
CRUSADING,Of or pertaining to a crusade; as, a crusading spirit.
CRUSADO,An old Portuguese coin, worth about seventy cents. [Writtenalso cruade.]
Shak.
CRUSET,A goldsmith's crucible or melting pot.
CRUSH,To be or become broken down or in, or pressed into a smallercompass, by
external weight or force; as, an eggshell crushes easily.
CRUSHER,One who, or that which, crushes. Crusher gauge, an instrumentfor measuring
the explosive force of gunpowder, etc., by its effectin compressing a piece of
metal.
CRUSHING,That crushes; overwhelming. "The blow must be quick andcrushing."
Macualay.
CRUST,The exterior portion of the earth, formerly universallysupposed to inclose a
molten interior.
CRUSTACEA,One of the classes of the arthropods, including lobsters andcrabs; -- so
called from the crustlike shell with which they arecovered.
CRUSTACEAN,Of or pertaining to the Crustacea; crustaceous.-- n.
CRUSTACEOLOGICAL,Pertaining to crustaceology.
CRUSTACEOLOGIST,One versed in crustaceology; a crustalogist.
CRUSTACEOLOGY,That branch of Zoölogy which treats of the
Crustacea;malacostracology; carcinology.
CRUSTACEOUS,Belonging to the Crustacea; crustacean.
CRUSTACEOUSNESS,The state or quality of being crustaceous or having a
crustlikeshell.
CRUSTAL,Relating to a crust.
CRUSTALOGICAL,Pertaining to crustalogy.
CRUSTALOGIST,One versed in crustalogy.
CRUSTALOGY,Crustaceology.
CRUSTATED,Covered with a crust; as, crustated basalt.
CRUSTATION,An adherent crust; an incrustation. Pepys.
CRUSTED,Incrusted; covered with, or containing, crust; as, old, crustedport wine.
CRUSTIFIC,Producing or forming a crust or skin. [R.]
CRUSTILY,In a crusty or surly manner; morosely.
CRUSTY,Having a hard exterior, or a short, rough manner, though kindat heart;
snappish; peevish; surly.Thou crusty batch of nature, what's the news Shak.
CRUT,The rough, shaggy part of oak bark.
CRUTCH,To support on crutches; to prop up. [R.]Two fools that crutch their feeble
sense on verse. Dryden.
CRUTCHED,Marked with the sign of the cross; crouched. Crutched friar(Eccl.), one of
a religious order, so called because its members borethe sign of the cross on their
staves and habits; -- called alsocrossed friar and crouched friar.
CRUTH,See 4th Crowd.
CRUX ANSATA,A cross in the shape of the ankh.
CRUX,Anything that is very puzzling or difficult to explain. Dr.Sheridan.The
perpetual crux of New Testament chronologists. Strauss.
CRUZADO,A coin. See Crusado.
CRWTH,See 4th Crowd.
CRYAL,The heron [Obs.] Ainsworth.
CRYER,The female of the hawk; a falcon-gentil.
CRYING,Calling for notice; compelling attention; notorious; heinous;as, a crying
evil.Too much fondness for meditative retirement is not the crying sin ofour modern
Christianity. I. Taylor.
CRYOHYDRATE,A substance, as salt, ammonium chloride, etc., whichcrystallizes with
water of crystallization only at low temperatures,or below the freezing point of
water. F. Guthrie.
CRYOLITE,A fluoride of sodium and aluminum, found in Greenland, in whitecleavable
masses; -- used as a source of soda and alumina.
CRYOMETER,A thermometer for the measurement of low temperatures, esp.such an
instrument containing alcohol or some other liquid of a lowerfreezing point than
mercury.
CRYOPHORUS,An instrument used to illustrate the freezing of water by itsown
evaporation. The ordinary form consist of two glass bulbs,connected by a tube of
the same material, and containing only aquantity of water and its vapor, devoid of
air. The water is in oneof the bulbs, and freezes when the other is cooled below
32º Fahr.
CRYPT,A simple gland, glandular cavity, or tube; a follicle; as, thecryps of
Lieberk.
CRYPTAL,Of or pertaining to crypts.
CRYPTICALLY,Secretly; occultly.
CRYPTIDINE,One of the quinoline bases, obtained from coal tar as an oilyliquid,
C11H11N; also, any one of several substances metameric with,and resembling,
cryptidine proper.
CRYPTOBRANCHIATE,Having concealed or rudimentary gills.
CRYPTOCRYSTALLINE,Indistinctly crystalline; -- applied to rocks and minerals,whose
state of aggregation is so fine that no distinct particles arevisible, even under
the microscope.
CRYPTOGAM,A plant belonging to the Cryptogamia. Henslow.
CRYPTOGAMIA,The series or division of flowerless plants, or those neverhaving true
stamens and pistils, but propagated by spores of variouskinds.
CRYPTOGAMIST,One skilled in cryptogamic botany.
CRYPTOGRAM,A cipher writing. Same as Cryptograph.
CRYPTOGRAPH,Cipher; something written in cipher. "Decipherers ofcryptograph." J.
Earle.
CRYPTOGRAPHAL,Pertaining to cryptography; cryptographical. Boyle.
CRYPTOGRAPHER,One who writes in cipher, or secret characters.
CRYPTOGRAPHIST,Same as Cryptographer.
CRYPTOGRAPHY,The act or art of writing in secret characters; also,
secretcharacters, or cipher.
CRYPTOLOGY,Secret or enigmatical language. Johnson.
CRYPTONYM,A secret name; a name by which a person is known only to theinitiated.
CRYPTOPINE,A colorless crystalline alkaloid obtained in small quantitiesfrom opium.
CRYPTURI,An order of flying, dromTinamou.
CRYSTAL,The regular form which a substance tends to assume insolidifying, through
the inherent power of cohesive attraction. It isbounded by plane surfaces,
symmetrically arranged, and each speciesof crystal has fixed axial ratios. See
Crystallization.
CRYSTALLIN,See Gobulin.
CRYSTALLITE,A minute mineral form like those common in glassy volcanicrocks and
some slags, not having a definite crystalline outline andnot referable to any
mineral species, but marking the first step inthe crystallization process.
According to their form crystallites arecalled trichites, belonites, globulites,
etc.
CRYSTALLIZABLE,Capable of being crystallized; that may be formed intocrystals.
CRYSTALLIZATION,The act or process by which a substance in solidifying assumesthe
form and sructure of a crystal, or becomes crystallized.
CRYSTALLIZE,To cause to form crystals, or to assume the crystalline form.
CRYSTALLOGENY,The science which pertains to the production of crystals.
CRYSTALLOGRAPHER,One who describes crystals, or the manner of their formation;one
versed in crystallography.
CRYSTALLOGRAPHICALLY,In the manner of crystallography.
CRYSTALLOID,Crystal-like; transparent like crystal.
CRYSTALLOMANCY,Divination by means of a crystal or other transparent
body,especially a beryl.
CRYSTALLOMETRY,The art of measuring crystals.
CRYSTALLURGY,Crystallizaton.
CTENOCYST,An organ of the Ctenophora, supposed to be sensory.
CTENOID,A ctenoidean.
CTENOIDEAN,Relating to the Ctenoidei.-- n.
CTENOIDEI,A group of fishes, established by Agassiz, characterized byhaving scales
with a pectinated margin, as in the perch. The group isnow generally regarded as
artificial.
CTENOPHORA,A class of Coelenterata, commonly ellipsoidal in shape,swimming by means
of eight longitudinal rows of paddles. The separatepaddles somewhat resemble combs.
CTENOPHORE,(Zoöl.) One of the Ctenophora.
CTENOSTOMATA,A suborder of Bryozoa, usually having a circle of bristlesbelow the
tentacles.
CUB,To bring forth; -- said of animals, or in contempt, of persons."Cubb'd in a
cabin." Dryden.
CUBAN,Of or pertaining to Cuba or its inhabitants.-- n.
CUBATION,The act of lying down; a reclining. [Obs.]
CUBATORY,Lying down; recumbent. [R.]
CUBATURE,The process of determining the solid or cubic contents of abody.
CUBBRIDGE-HEAD,A bulkhead on the forecastle and half deck of a ship.
CUBDRAWN,Sucked by cubs. [R.]This night, wherein the cub-drawn bear would couch.
Shak.
CUBE,A regular solid body, with six equal square sides.
CUBEB,The small, spicy berry of a species of pepper (Piper Cubeba; inmed., Cubeba
officinalis), native in Java and Borneo, but nowcultivated in various tropical
countries. The dried unripe fruit ismuch used in medicine as a stimulant and
purgative.
CUBEBIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cubebs; as, cubebic acid (asoft olive-green
resin extracted from cubebs).
CUBHOOD,The state of being a cub. [Jocose] "From cubhood to old age."W. B. Dawkins.
CUBIC,A curve of the third degree. Circular cubic. See underCircular.
CUBICALLY,In a cubical method.
CUBICALNESS,The quality of being cubical.
CUBICLE,A loding room; esp., a sleeping place partitioned off from alarge
dormitory.
CUBICULAR,Belonging to a chamber or bedroom. [Obs.] Howell.
CUBIFORM,Of the form of a cube.
CUBILE,The lowest course of stones in a building.
CUBILOSE,A mucilagenous secretion of certain birds found as thecharacteristic
ingredient of edible bird's-nests.
CUBISM,A movement or phase in post-impressionism (which see, below). -- Cu"bist
(#), n.
CUBIT,The forearm; the ulna, a bone of the arm extending from elbowto wrist. [Obs.]
CUBITAL,A sleeve covering the arm from the elbow to the hand. Crabb.
CUBITED,Having the measure of a cubit.
CUBLESS,Having no cubs. Byron.
CUBO-OCTAHEDRAL,Presenting a combination of a cube and an octahedron.
CUBO-OCTAHEDRON,A combination of a cube and octahedron, esp. one in which
theoctahedral faces meet at the middle of the cubic edges.
CUBOID,Cube-shaped, or nearly so; as, the cuboid bone of the foot.-- n. (Anat.)
CUBOIDAL,Cuboid.
CUCA,See Coca.
CUCKING STOOL,A kind of chair formerly used for punishing scolds, and alsodishonest
tradesmen, by fastening them in it, usually in front oftheir doors, to be pelted
and hooted at by the mob, but sometimes tobe taken to the water and ducked; --
called also a castigatory, atumbrel, and a trebuchet; and often, but not so
correctly, a duckingstool. Sir. W. Scott.
CUCKOLD,To make a cuckold of, as a husband, by seducing his wife, or byher becoming
an adulteress. Shak.
CUCKOLDIZE,To cuckold. Dryden.
CUCKOLDLY,Having the qualities of a cuckold; mean-spirited; sneaking.Shak.
CUCKOLDOM,The state of a cuckold; cuckolds, collectively. Addison.
CUCKOLDRY,The state of being a cuckold; the practice of making cuckolds.
CUCKOO,A bird belonging to Cuculus, Coccyzus, and several alliedgenera, of many
species.
CUCKOOBUD,A species of Ranunculus (R. bulbosus); -- called alsobutterflower,
buttercup, kingcup, goldcup. Shak.
CUCKOOFLOWER,A species of Cardamine (C. pratensis), or lady's smock. Itsleaves are
used in salads. Also, the ragged robin (Lychnis Flos-cuculi).
CUCKOOPINT,A plant of the genus Arum (A. maculatum); the European wake-robin.
CUCQUEAN,A woman whose husband is unfaithful to her. [Obs.]
CUCUJO,The fire beetle of Mexico and the West Indies.
CUCULLUS,A hood-shaped organ, resembling a cowl or monk's hood, ascertain concave
and arched sepals or petals.
CUCULOID,Like or belonging to the cuckoos (Cuculidæ).
CUCUMBER,A creeping plant, and its fruit, of several species of thegenus Cucumis,
esp. Cucumis sativus, the unripe fruit of which iseaten either fresh or picked.
Also, similar plants or fruits ofseveral other genera. See below. Bitter cucumber
(Bot.), theCitrullus or Cucumis Colocynthis. SeeColocynth.-- Cucumber beetle.
(Zoöl.) (a) A small, black flea-beetle(Crepidodera cucumeris), which destroys the
leaves of cucumber,squash, and melon vines. (b) The squash beetle.-- Cucumber tree.
(a) A large ornamental or shade tree of the genusMagnolia (M. acuminata), so called
from a slight resemblance of itsyoung fruit to a small cucumber. (b) An East Indian
plant (AverrhoaBilimbi) which produces the fruit known as bilimbi.-- Jamaica
cucumber, Jerusalem cucumber, the prickly-fruited gherkin(Cucumis Anguria).-- Snake
cucumber, a species (Cucumis flexuosus) remarkable for itslong, curiously-shaped
fruit.-- Squirting cucumber, a plant (Ecbalium Elaterium) whose small ovalfruit
separates from the footstalk when ripe and expels its seeds andjuice with
considerable force through the opening thus made. SeeElaterium.-- Star cucumber,a
climbing weed (Sicyos angulatus) with pricklyfruit.
CUCUMIFORM,Having the form of a cucumber; having the form of a cylindertapered and
rounded at the ends, and either straight or curved.
CUCUMIS,A genus of plants including the cucumber, melon, and same kindsof gourds.
CUCURBITACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants of whichthe
cucumber, melon, and gourd are common examples.
CUCURBITIVE,Having the shape of a gourd seed; -- said of certain smallworms.
CUDBEAR,A lichen (Lecanora tartarea), from which the powder isobtained.
CUDDEN,The coalfish. See 3d Cuddy.
CUDDLE,ToShe cuddles low beneath the brake; Nor would she stay, nor dares shefly.
Prior.
CUDDY,A lever mounted on a tripod for lifting stones, leveling uprailroad ties,
etc. Knight.
CUDGEL,A staff used in cudgel play, shorter than the quarterstaff, andwielded with
one hand; hence, any heavy stick used as a weapon.He getteth him a grievous
crabtree cudgel and . . . falls to ratingof them as if they were dogs.
Bunyan.Cudgel play, a fight or sportive contest with cudgels.-- To cross the
cudgels, to forbear or give up the contest; -- aphrase borrowed from the practice
of cudgel players, who lay onecudgel over another when the contest is ended.-- To
take up cudgels for, to engage in a contest in behalf of (someone or something).
CUDGELER,One who beats with a cudgel. [Written also cudgeller.]
CUDWEED,A small composite plant with cottony or silky stem and leaves,primarily a
species of Gnaphalium, but the name is now given to manyplants of different genera,
as Filago, Antennaria, etc.; cottonweed.
CUE,To form into a cue; to braid; to twist.
CUERPO,The body. In cuerpo, without full dress, so that the shape ofthe Body is
exposed; hence, naked or uncovered.Exposed in cuerpo to their rage. Hudibras.
CUESTA,A sloping plain, esp. one with the upper end at the crest of acliff; a hill
or ridge with one face steep and the opposite facegently sloping. [Southwestern U.
S.]
CUFF,To fight; to scuffle; to box.While the peers cuff to make the rabble sport.
Dryden.
CUFFY,A name for a negro. [Slang]
CUFIC,Of or pertaining to the older characters of the Arabiclanguage. [Written also
Kufic.]
CUI BONO,Lit., for whose benefit; incorrectly understood, it came to beused in the
sense, of what good or use; and hence, (what) purpose;object; specif., the ultimate
object of life.
CUINAGE,The stamping of pigs of tin, by the proper officer, with thearms of the
duchy of Cornwall.
CUIR BOUILLI,In decorative art, boiled leather, fitted by the process toreceive
impressed patterns, like those produced by chasing metal, andto retain the
impression permanently.
CUIRASS,An armor of bony plates, somewhat resembling a cuirass.
CUIRASSED,Having a covering of bony plates, resembling a cuirass;- saidof certain
fishes.
CUIRASSIER,A soldier armed with a cuirass. Milton.
CUISH,Defensive armor for the thighs. [ Written also cuisse, andquish.]
CUL-DE-SAC,a position in which an army finds itself with no way of exitbut to the
front.
CULASSE,The lower faceted portion of a brilliant-cut diamond.
CULDEE,One of a class of anchorites who lived in various parts ofScotland, Ireland,
and Wales.The pure Culdees Were Albyn's earliest priests of God. Campbell.
CULERAGE,See Culrage.
CULEX,A genus of dipterous insects, including the gnat and mosquito.
CULICID,Like or pertaining to the Mosquito family (Culicidæ). -- n.
CULICIFORM,Gnat-shaped.
CULINARILY,In the manner of a kitchen; in connection with a kitchen orcooking.
CULINARY,Relating to the kitchen, or to the art of cookery; used inkitchens; as, a
culinary vessel; the culinary art.
CULL,To separate, select, or pick out; to choose and gather orcollect; as, to cuil
flowers.From his herd he culls, For slaughter, from the fairest of his
bulls.Dryden.Whitest honey in fairy gardens culled. Tennyson.
CULLENDER,A strainer. See Colander.
CULLER,One who piks or chooses; esp., an inspector who select waressuitable for
market.
CULLET,Broken glass for remelting.
CULLIBILITY,Gullibility. [R.] Swift.
CULLIBLE,Easily deceived; gullible.
CULLING,Anything separated or selected from a mass.
CULLION,A mean wretch; a base fellow; a poltroon; a scullion. "Away,base cullions."
Shak.
CULLIONLY,Mean; base. Shak.
CULLIS,A strong broth of meat, strained and made clear for invalids;also, a savory
jelly. [Obs.]When I am exellent at caudles And cullises . . . you shall be
welcometo me. Beau. & Fl.
CULLY,A person easily deceived, tricked, or imposed on; a mean dupe;a gull.I have
learned that . . . I am not the first cully whom she haspassed upon for a countess.
Addison.
CULLYISM,The state of being a cully.Less frequent instances of eminent cullyism.
Spectator.
CULM,The stalk or stem of grain and grasses (including the bamboo),jointed and
usually hollow.
CULMEN,The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill.
CULMIFEROUS,Having jointed stems or culms.
CULMINAL,Pertaining to a culmen.
CULMINANT,Being vertical, or at the highest point of altitude; hence,predominant.
[R.]
CULMINATE,Growing upward, as distinguished from a laterral growth; --applied to the
growth of corals. Dana.
CULPA,Negligence or fault, as distinguishable from dolus (deceit,fraud), which
implies intent, culpa being imputable to defect ofintellect, dolus to defect of
heart. Wharton.
CULPABILITY,The state of being culpable.
CULPATORY,Expressing blame; censuring; reprehensory; inculpating.Adjectives . . .
commonly used by Latian authors in a culpatorysense. Walpole.
CULPE,Blameworthiness. [Obs.]Banished out of the realme . . . without culpe. E.
Hall.
CULPON,A shered; a fragment; a strip of wood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CULRAGE,Smartweed (Polygonum Hydropiper).
CULTCH,Empty oyster shells and other substances laid down on oystergrounds to
furnish points for the attachment of the spawn of theoyster. [Also written cutch.]
CULTER,A colter. See Colter.
CULTIROSTRAL,Having a bill shaped like the colter of a plow, or like aknife, as the
heron, stork, etc.
CULTIROSTRES,A tribe of wading birds including the stork, heron, crane, etc.
CULTIVABLE,Capable of being cultivated or tilled. Todd.
CULTIVATABLE,Cultivable.
CULTIVATOR,Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a pruning knife, as thebeak of
certain birds.
CULTRIFORM,Shaped like a pruning knife; cultrate.
CULTRIVOROUS,Devouring knives; swallowing, or pretending to swallow, knives;--
applied to persons who have swallowed, or have seemed to swallow,knives with
impunity. Dunglison.
CULTURABLE,Capable of, or fit for, being cultivated; capable or becomingcultured.
London Spectator.
CULTURAL,Of or pertaining to culture.
CULTURE FEATURES,The artificial features of a district as distinguished from
thenatural.
CULTURE MYTH,A myth accounting for the discovery of arts and sciences or theadvent
of a higher civilization, as in the Prometheus myth.
CULTURE,To cultivate; to educate.They came . . . into places well inhabited and
cultured. Usher.
CULTURELESS,Having no culture.
CULTUS COD,See Cod, and Buffalo cod, under Buffalo.
CULTUS,Established or accepted religious rites or usages of worship;state of
religious development. Cf.Cult, 2.
CULVER,A dove. "Culver in the falcon's fist." Spenser.
CULVERHOUSE,A dovecote.
CULVERIN,A long cannon of the 16th century, usually an 18-pounder withserpent-
shaped handles.Trump, and drum, and roaring culverin. Mac
CULVERKEY,The root of a handsome erect herb (Leptandra, syn. Veronica,Virginica)
common in most moist woods of North America , used as anactive cathartic and
emetic; also, the plant itself.
CULVERT,A transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road,railroad, canal,
etc.; a small bridge.
CULVERTAIL,Dovetail.
CULVERTAILED,United or fastened by a dovetailed joint.
CUMACEA,An order of marine Crustacea, mostly of small size.
CUMBENT,Lying down; recumbent. J. Dyer.
CUMBER,To rest upon as a troublesome or useless weight or load; to beburdensome or
oppressive to; to hinder or embarrass in attaining anobject, to obstruct or occupy
uselessly; to embarrass; to trouble.Why asks he what avails him not in fight, And
would but cumber andretard his flight Dryden.Martha was cumbered about much
serving. Luke x. 40.Cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground Luke xiii. 7.The
multiplying variety of arguments, especially frivolous ones, . .. but cumbers the
memory. Locke.
CUMBRANCE,Encumbrance. [Obs.]Extol not riches then, the toil of fools, The wise
man's cumbrance,if not snare. Milton.
CUMBRIAN,Pertaining to Cumberland, England, or to a system of rocksfound there.
Cumbrian system (Geol.), the slate or graywacke systemof rocks, now included in the
Cambrian or Silurian system; -- socalled because most prominent at Cumberland.
CUMENE,A colorless oily hydrocarbon, C6H5.C3H7, obtained by thedistillation of
cuminic acid; -- called also cumol.
CUMFREY,See Comfrey.
CUMIC,See Cuming.
CUMIDINE,A strong, liquid, organic base, C3H7.C6H4.NH2, homologous withaniline.
CUMIN,A dwarf umbelliferous plant, somewhat resembling fennel(Cuminum Cyminum),
cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish,warm taste, with an aromatic
flavor, and are used like those of aniseand caraway. [Written also cummin.]Rank-
smelling rue, and cumin good for eyes. Spenser.Black cumin (Bot.), a plant (Nigella
sativa) with pungent seeds, usedby the Afghans, etc.
CUMINIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cumin, or from oil of caraway;as, cuminic
acid. Cuminic acid (Chem.), white crystalline substance,C3H7.C6H4.CO2H, obtained
from oil of caraway.
CUMINIL,A substance, analogous to benzil, obtained from oil of caraway.
CUMINOL,A liquid, C3H7.C6H4.CHO, obtained from oil of caraway; --called also
cuminic aldehyde.
CUMMERBUND,A sash for the waist; a girdle. [India]
CUMMIN,Same as Cumin.Ye pay tithe of mint, and cummin. Matt. xxiii. 23.
CUMQUAT,See Kumquat.
CUMSHAW,A present or bonus; -- originally applied to that paid on shipswhich
entered the port of Canton. S. Wells Williams.
CUMU-CIRRO-STRATUS,Nimbus, or rain cloud. See Nimbus, and Cloud.
CUMULATE,To gather or throw into a heap; to heap together; toaccumulate.Shoals of
shells, bedded and cumulated heap upon heap. Woodward.
CUMULATION,The act of heaping together; a heap. See Accumulation.
CUMULATIST,One who accumulates; one who collects. [R.]
CUMULOSE,Full of heaps.
CUMULOSTRATUS,A form of cloud. See Cloud.
CUMULUS,One of the four principal forms of clouds. SeeCloud.
CUN,To con (a ship). [Obs.]
CUNABULA,The extant copies of the first or earliest printed books, or ofsuch as
were printed in the 15th century.
CUNCTATION,Delay; procrastination. [R.] Carlyle.
CUNCTATIVE,Slow; tardy; dilatory; causing delay.
CUNCTATOR,One who delays or lingers. [R.]
CUNCTIPOTENT,All-powerful; omnipotent. [R] "God cunctipotent." Neale (Trans.Rhythm
of St. Bernard).
CUND,To con (a ship). [Obs.]
CUNDURANGO,The bark of a South American vine (Gonolobus Condurango) of theMilkweed
family. It has been supposed, but erroneously, to be a curefor cancer. [Written
also condurango.]
CUNEAL,Relating to a wedge; wedge-shaped.
CUNEATIC,Cuneiform. "Cuneatic decipherment." Sayce.
CUNETTE,A drain trench, in a ditch or moat; -- called also cuvette.
CUNNINGLY,In a cunning manner; with cunning.
CUNNINGMAN,A fortune teller; one who pretends to reveal mysteries. [Obs.]Hudibras.
CUNNINGNESS,Quality of being cunning; craft.
CUP SHAKE,A shake or fissure between the annual rings of a tree, foundoftenest near
the roots.
CUP,Repeated potations; social or exessive indulgence inintoxicating drinks;
revelry.Thence from cups to civil broils. Milton.
CUP-GALL,A kind of oak-leaf gall. See Gall.
CUP-MOSS,A kind of lichen, of the genus Cladonia.
CUP-ROSE,Red poppy. See Cop-rose.
CUPBEARER,One of the attendants of a prince or noble, permanently chargedwith the
performance of this office for his master. "I was the king'scupbearer." Neh. i. 11.
CUPBOARD,To collect, as into a cupboard; to hoard. [R.] Shak.
CUPEL,A shallow porus cup, used in refining precious metals, commonlymade of bone
ashes (phosphate of lime). [Written also coppel.] Cupeldust, powder used in
purifying metals.
CUPELLATION,The act or process of refining gold or silver, etc., in acupel.
CUPFUL,As much as a cup will hold.
CUPID,The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked,winged boy with
bow and arrow.Pretty dimpled boys, like smiling cupids. Shak.
CUPOLA,A roof having a rounded form, hemispherical or nearly so; also,a celing
having the same form. When on a large scale it is usuallycalled dome.
CUPPER,One who performs the operation of cupping.
CUPPING,The operation of drawing blood to or from the surface of theperson by
forming a partial vacuum over the spot. Also, sometimes, asimilar operation for
drawing pus from an abscess. Cupping glass, aglass cup in which a partial vacuum is
produced by heat, in theprocess of cupping.-- Dry cupping, the application of a
cupping instrument withoutscarification, to draw blood to the surface, produce
counterirritation, etc.-- Wet cupping, the operation of drawing blood by the
application ofa cupping instrument after scarification.
CUPREOUS,Consisting of copper or resembling copper; coppery.
CUPRIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, copper; containing copper;-- said of
those compounds of copper in which this element is presentin its lowest proportion.
CUPRIFEROUS,Containing copper; as, cupriferous silver.
CUPRITE,The red oxide of copper; red copper; an important ore ofcopper, occurring
massive and in isometric crystals.
CUPROID,(Crystalloq.) A solid related to a tetrahedron, and containedunder twelve
equal triangles.
CUPROUS,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, copper; containing copper;-- said of
those compounds of copper in which this element is presentin its highest
proportion.
CUPRUM,Copper.
CUPULATE,Having or bearing cupeles; cupuliferous.
CUPULE,A cuplet or little cup, as the acorn; the husk or bur of thefilbert,
chestnut, etc.
CUPULIFEROUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants ot whichthe oak
and the chestnut are examples, -- trees bearing a smooth,solid nut inclosed in some
kind of cup or bur; bearing, or furnishedwith, a cupule.
CURABILITY,The state of being curable; curableness.
CURABLE,Capable of being cured; admitting remedy. "Curable diseases."Harvey.--
Cur"a*ble*ness, n.-- Cur`a*bly, adv.
CURACY,The office or employment of a curate.
CURARINE,A deadly alkaloid extracted from the curare poison and from theStrychnos
toxifera. It is obtained in crystalline colorless salts.
CURARIZE,To poison with curare.
CURASSOW,A large gallinaceous bird of the American genera Crax, Ourax,etc., of the
family Cracidæ.
CURAT,A cuirass or breastplate. [Obs.] Spenser.
CURATE,One who has the cure souls; originally, any clergyman, but nowusually
limited to one who assist a rector or vicar Hook.All this the good old man
performed alone, He spared no pains, forcurate he had none. Dryden.
CURATESHIP,A curacy.
CURATION,Cure; healing. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CURATIVE,Relating to, or employed in, the cure of diseases; tending tocure.
Arbuthnot.
CURATORSHIP,The office of a curator.
CURB ROOF,A roof having a double slope, or composed, on each side, of twoparts
which have unequal inclination; a gambrel roof.
CURB,To bend; to crouch; to cringe. [Obs.]Virtue itself of vice must pardon beg,
Yea, curb and woo for leave todo him good. Shak.
CURBLESS,Having no curb or restraint.
CURBSTONE,A stone Curbstone broker.See under Broker.
CURCH,See Courche.
CURCULIO,One of a large group of beetles (Rhynchophora) of many genera;-- called
also weevils, snout beetles, billbeetles, and billbugs.Many of the species are very
destructive, as the plum curculio, thecorn, grain, and rice weevils, etc.
CURCULIONIDOUS,Pertaining to the Curculionideæ, or weevil tribe.
CURCUMA,A genus of plants of the order Scitamineæ, including theturmeric plant
(Curcuma longa). Curcuma paper. (Chem.) See Turmericpaper, under Turmeric.
CURCUMIN,The coloring principle of turmeric, or curcuma root, extractedas an orange
yellow crystalline substance, C14H14O4, with a greenfluorescence.
CURD,To cause to coagulate or thicken; to cause to congeal; tocurdle.Does it curd
thy blood To say I am thy mother Shak.
CURDINESS,The state of being curdy.
CURDLESS,Destitute of curd.
CURDY,Like curd; full of curd; coagulated. "A curdy mass." Arbuthnot.
CURE,A curate; a pardon.
CUREALL,A remedy for all diseases, o
CURELESS,Incapable of cure; incurable.With patience undergo A cureless ill, since
fate will have it so.Dryden.
CURETTE,A scoop or ring with either a blunt or a cutting edge, forremoving
substances from the walls of a cavity, as from the eye, ear,or womb.
CURIA,The court of a sovereign or of a feudal lord; also; hisresidence or his
household. Burrill.
CURIAL,Of or pertaining to the papal curia; as, the curial etiquetteof the Vatican.
-- n.
CURIALISM,The wiew or doctrins of the ultramontane party in the LatinChurch.
Gladstone.
CURIALIST,One who belongs to the ultramontane party in the Latin Church.Shipley.
CURIALITY,The privileges, prerogatives, or retinue of a court. [Obs.]Bacon.
CURIET,A cuirass. [Obs.] Spenser.
CURING,p. a. & vb. n. of Cure. Curing house, a building in whichanything is cured;
especially, in the West Indies, a building inwhich sugar is drained and dried.
CURIO,Any curiosity or article of virtu.The busy world, which does not hunt poets
as collectors hunt forcurios. F. Harrison.
CURIOLOGIC,Pertaining to a rude kind of hieroglyphics, in which a thing
isrepresented by its picture instead of by a symbol.
CURIOSO,A virtuoso.
CURIOUSLY,In a curious manner.
CURL,To shape (the brim) into a curve.
CURLED,Having curls; curly; sinuous; wavy; as, curled maple (maplehaving fibers
which take a sinnuous course). Curled hair (Com.), thehair of the manes and tails
of horses, prepared for upholsterypurposes. McElrath.
CURLEDNESS,State of being curled; curliness.
CURLEW,A wading bird of the genus Numenius, remarkable for its long,slender, curved
bill.
CURLINESS,State of being curly.
CURLINGLY,With a curl, or curls.
CURLY,Curling or tending to curl; having curls; full of ripples;crinkled.
CURLYCUE,Some thing curled or spiral,, as a flourish made with a pen onpaper, or
with skates on the ice; a trick; a frolicsome caper.[Sometimes written carlicue.] [
Colloq. U.S.] To cut a curlycue, tomake a flourish; to cut a caper.I gave a
flourishing about the room and cut a curlycue with my rightfoot. McClintock.
CURMUDGEON,An avaricious, grasping fellow; a miser; a niggard; a churl.A gray-
headed curmudgeon of a negro. W. Irving.
CURMUDGEONLY,Like a curmudgeon; niggardly; churlish; as, a curmudgeonlyfellow.
CURMURRING,Murmuring; grumbling; -- sometimes applied to the rumblingproduced by a
slight attack of the gripes. [Scot.] Burns.
CURR,To coo. [Scot.]The owlets hoot, the owlets curr. Wordsworth.
CURRANT,A shrub or bush of several species of the genus Ribes (a genusalso
including the gooseberry); esp., the Ribes rubrum. Blackcurrant,a shrub or bush
(Ribes nigrum and R. floridum) and its black,strong-flavored, tonic fruit.-- Cherry
currant, a variety of the red currant, having a strong,symmetrical bush and a very
large berry.-- Currant borer (Zoöl.), the larva of an insect that bores into
thepith and kills currant bushes; specif., the larvae of a smallclearwing moth
(Ægeria tipuliformis) and a longicorn beetle(Psenocerus supernotatus).-- Currant
worm (Zoöl.), an insect larva which eats the leaves orfruit of the currant. The
most injurious are the currant sawfly(Nematus ventricosus), introduced from Europe,
and the spanworm(Eufitchia ribearia). The fruit worms are the larva of a fly
(EpochraCanadensis), and a spanworm (Eupithecia).-- Flowering currant, Missouri
currant, a species of Ribes (R.aureum), having showy yellow flowers.
CURRENTLY,In a current manner; generally; commonly; as, it is currentlybelieved.
CURRIE,See 2d & 3d Curry.
CURRIER,One who curries and dresses leather, after it is tanned.
CURRISH,Having the qualities, or exhibiting the characteristics, of acur; snarling;
quarrelsome; snappish; churlish; hence, alsomalicious; malignant; brutal.Thy
currish spirit Governed a wolf. Shak.Some currish plot, -- some trick. Lockhart.--
Cur"rish*ly, adv.-- Cur"rish*ness, n.
CURRY,A kind of sauce much used in India, containing garlic, pepper,ginger, and
other strong spices.
CURRYCOMB,A kind of card or comb having rows of metallic teeth orserrated ridges,
used in curryng a horse.
CURSE,To utter imprecations or curses; to affirm or deny withimprecations; to
swear.Then began he to curse and to swear. Matt. xxi. 74.His spirits hear me, And
yet I need must curse. Shak.
CURSED,Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.Let us fly
this cursed place. Milton.This cursed quarrel be no more renewed. Dryden.
CURSEDLY,In a cursed manner; miserably; in a manner to be detested;enormously.
[Low]
CURSER,One who curses.
CURSHIP,The state of being a cur; one who is currish. [Jocose]How durst he, I say,
oppose thy curship! Hudibras.
CURSITATING,Moving about slightly. [R.] H. Bushnell.
CURSITOR,An officer in the Court of Chancery, whose business is to makeout original
writs.
CURSIVE,Running; flowing. Cursive hand,a running handwriting.
CURSOR,Any part of a mathematical instrument that moves or slidesbackward and
forward upon another part.
CURSORARY,Cursory; hasty. [Obs.]With a cursorary eye o'erglanced the articles.
Shak.
CURSORILY,In a running or hasty manner; carelessly.
CURSORINESS,The quality of being cursory; superficial performance; as,cursoriness
of view.
CURST,imp. & p.p. of Curse.
CURSTFULLY,Peevishly; vexatiously; detestably. [Obs.] "Curstfully mad."Marston.
CURSTNESS,Peevishness; malignity; frowardness; crabbedness; surliness.[Obs.] Shak.
CURT,Characterized by exessive brevity; short; rudely concise; as,curt limits; a
curt answer.The curt, yet comprehensive reply. W. Irving.
CURTAIL DOG,A dog with a docked tail; formerly, the dog of a person notqualified to
course, which, by the forest laws, must have its tailcut short, partly as a mark,
and partly from a notion that the tailis necessary to a dog in running; hence, a
dog not fit for sporting.Hope is a curtail dog in some affairs. Shak.
CURTAIL,To cut off the end or tail, or any part, of; to shorten; toabridge; to
diminish; to reduce.I, that am curtailed of this fair proportion. Shak.Our incomes
have been curtailed; his salary has been doubled.Macualay.
CURTAILER,One who curtails.
CURTAILMENT,The act or result of curtailing or cutting off. Bancroft.
CURTAIN,That part of the rampart and parapet which is between twobastions or two
gates. See Illustrations of Ravelin and Bastion.
CURTAL FRIAR,A friar who acted as porter at the gate of a monastery. Sir W.Scott.
CURTAL,Curt; brief; laconic.Essays and curtal aphorisms. Milton.Curtal dog. See
Curtail dog.
CURTANA,The pointless sword carried before English monarchs at theircoronation, and
emblematically considered as the sword of mercy; --also called the sword of Edward
the Confessor.
CURTATE,Shortened or reduced; -- said of the distance of a planet fromthe sun or
earth, as measured in the plane of the ecliptic, or thedistance from the sun or
earth to that point where a perpendicular,let fall from the planet upon the plane
of the ecliptic, meets theecliptic. Curtate cycloid. (Math.) See Cycloid.
CURTATION,The interval by which the curtate distance of a planet is lessthan the
true distance.
CURTEIN,Same as Curtana.
CURTES,Courteous. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CURTESY,the life estate which a husband has in the lands of hisdeceased wife, which
by the common law takes effect where he has hadissue by her, born alive, and
capable of inheriting the lands. Mozley& W.
CURTILAGE,A yard, courtyard, or piece of ground, included within thefence
surrounding a dwelling house. Burrill.
CURTLY,In a curt manner.
CURTNESS,The quality of bing curt.
CURTSY,Same as Courtesy, an act of respect.
CURULE,Of or pertaining to a kind of chair appropriated to Romanmagistrates and
dignitaries; pertaining to, having, or conferring,the right to sit in the curule
chair; hence, official.
CURURO,A Chilian burrowing rodent of the genus Spalacopus.
CURVATION,The act of bending or crooking.
CURVATIVE,Having the margins only a little curved; -- said of leaves.Henslow.
CURVATURE,The amount of degree of bending of a mathematical curve, or thetendency
at any point to depart from a tangent drawn to the curve atthat point. Aberrancy of
curvature (Geom.), the deviation of a curvefrom a curcular form. -Absolute
curvature. See under Absolute.-- Angle of curvature (Geom.), one that expresses the
amount ofcurvature of a curve.-- Chord of curvature. See under Chord.-- Circle of
curvature. See Osculating circle of a curve, underCircle.-- Curvature of the spine
(Med.), an abnormal curving of the spine,especially in a lateral direction.--
Radius of curvature, the radius of the circle of curvature, orosculatory circle, at
any point of a curve.
CURVE,Bent without angles; crooked; curved; as, a curve line; a curvesurface.
CURVEDNESS,The state of being curved.
CURVET,A particular leap of a horse, when he raises both his fore legsat once,
equally advanced, and, as his fore legs are falling, raiseshis hind legs, so that
all his legs are in the air at once.
CURVICAUDATE,Having a curved or crooked tail.
CURVICOSTATE,Having bent ribs.
CURVIDENTATE,Having curved teeth.
CURVIFORM,Having a curved form.
CURVILINEAD,An instrument for drawing curved lines.
CURVILINEARITY,The state of being curvilinear or of being bounded by curvedlines.
CURVILINEARLY,In a curvilinear manner.
CURVINERVED,Having the ribs or the veins of the leaves curved; -- calledalso
curvinervate and curve-veined.
CURVIROSTRAL,Having a crooked beak, as the crossbill.
CURVIROSTRES,A group of passerine birds, including the creepers andnuthatches.
CURVISERIAL,Distributed in a curved line, as leaves along a stem.
CURVITY,The state of being curved; a bending in a regular form;crookedness. Holder.
CURVOGRAPH,An arcograph.
CUSCUS OIL,Same as Vetiver oil.
CUSCUS,A soft grass (Pennisetum typhoideum) found in all tropicalregions, used as
food for men and cattle in Central Africa.
CUSHAT,The ringdove or wood pigeon.Scarce with cushat's homely song can vie. Sir W.
Scott.
CUSHEWBIRD,The galeated curassow. See Curassow.
CUSHION TIRE,A thick solid-rubber tire, as for a bicycle, with a hollowgroove
running lengthwise on the inside.
CUSHIONET,A little cushion.
CUSHIONLESS,Hot furnished with a cushion.Rows of long, cushionless benches,
supplying the place of pews.Hawthorne.
CUSHIONY,Like a cushion; soft; pliable.A flat and cushiony noce. Dickens.
CUSHITE,A descendant of Cush, the son of Ham and grandson of Noah.
CUSK,A large, edible, marine fish (Brosmius brosme), allied to thecod, common on
the northern coasts of Europe and America; -- calledalso tusk and torsk.
CUSKIN,A kind of drinking cup. [Obs.]
CUSP,A triangular protection from the intrados of an arch, or froman inner curve of
tracery.
CUSPATED,Ending in a point.
CUSPID,One of the canine teeth; -- so called from having but one pointor cusp on
the crown. See Tooth.
CUSPIDAL,Ending in a point.
CUSPIDATE,To make pointed or sharp.
CUSPIDOR,Any ornamental vessel used as a spittoon; hence, to avoid thecommon term,
a spittoon of any sort.
CUSPIS,A point; a sharp end.
CUSSEDNESS,Disposition to willful wrongdoing; malignity;
perversity;cantankerousness; obstinacy. [Slang or Colloq., U. S.]
CUSTARD,A mixture of milk and eggs, sweetened, and baked or boiled.Custard apple
(Bot.), a low tree or shrub of tropical America,including several species of Anona
(A. squamosa, reticulata, etc.),having a roundish or ovate fruit the size of a
small orange,containing a soft, yellowish, edible pulp.-- Custard coffin, pastry,
or crust, which covers or coffins acustard [Obs.] Shak.
CUSTODE,See Custodian.
CUSTODIAL,Relating to custody or guardianship.
CUSTODIAN,One who has care or custody, as of some public building; akeeper or
superintendent.
CUSTODIANSHIP,Office or duty of a custodian.
CUSTODIER,A custodian. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
CUSTOM,Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, andresting for
authority on long consent; usage. See Usage, andPrescription.
CUSTOMABLENESS,Quality of being customable; conformity to custom. [Obs.]
CUSTOMABLY,Usually. [Obs.] Milton.
CUSTOMARILY,In a customary manner; habitually.
CUSTOMARINESS,Quality of being customary.
CUSTOMARY,Holding or held by custom; as, customary tenants; customaryservice or
estate.
CUSTOMHOUSE,The building where customs and duties are paid, and wherevessels are
entered or cleared. Customhouse broker, an agent who actsfor merchants in the
business of entering and clearing goods andvessels.
CUSTOS,A keeper; a custodian; a superintendent. [Obs.] Custosrotulorum (r Etym:
[LL., keeper of the rolls] (Eng. Law), theprincipal justice of the peace in a
county, who is also keeper of therolls and records of the sessions of the peace.
CUSTREL,An armor-bearer to a knight. [Obs.]
CUSTUMARY,See Customary. [Obs.]
CUTANEOUS,Of pertaining to the skin; existing on, or affecting, the skin;as, a
cutaneous disease; cutaneous absorption; cutaneous respiration.
CUTAWAY,Having a part cut off or away; having the corners rounded orcut away.
Cutaway coat, a coat whose skirts are cut away in front soas not to meet at the
bottom.
CUTCH,See Catechu.
CUTCHERY,A hindoo hall of justice. Malcom.
CUTE,Clever; sharp; shrewd; ingenious; cunning. [Colloq.]
CUTENESS,Acuteness; cunning. [Colloq.]
CUTGRASS,A grass with leaves having edges furnished with very minutehooked
prickles, which form a cutting edge; one or more species ofLeersia.
CUTICLE,The scarfskin or epidermis. See Skin.
CUTICULAR,Pertaining to the cuticle, or external coat of the skin;epidermal.
CUTIN,The substance which, added to the material of a cell wall,makes it
waterproof, as in cork.
CUTINIZATION,The conversion of cell walls into a material which repelswater, as in
cork.
CUTINIZE,To change into cutin.
CUTIS,See Dermis.
CUTLASS,A short, heavy, curving sword, used in the navy. See Curtal ax.Cutlass
fish, (Zoöl.), a peculiar, long, thin, marine fish (Trichiruslepturus) of the
southern United States and West Indies; -- calledalso saber fish, silver eel, and,
improperly, swordfish.
CUTLER,One who makes or deals in cutlery, or knives and other cuttinginstruments.
CUTLET,A piece of meat, especially of veal or mutton, cut forbroiling.
CUTLING,The art of making edged tools or cutlery. [Obs.] Milton.
CUTOSE,A variety of cellulose, occuring as a fine transparent membranecovering the
aerial organs of plants, and forming an essentialingredient of cork; by oxidation
it passes to suberic acid.
CUTPURSE,One who cuts purses for the sake of stealing them or theircontents (an act
common when men wore purses fastened by a string totheir girdles); one who steals
from the person; a pickpocketTo have an open ear, a quick eye, and a nimble hand,
is necessary fora cutpurse. Shak.
CUTTHROAT,One who cuts throats; a murderer; an assassin.
CUTTINGLY,In a cutting manner.
CUTTLE BONE,The shell or bone of cuttlefishes, used for various purposes,as for
making polishing powder, etc.
CUTTLE,A knife. [Obs.] Bale.
CUTTOO PLATE,A hood over the end of a wagon wheel hub to keep dirt away fromthe
axle.
CUTTY,Short; as, a cutty knife; a cutty sark. [Scot.]
CUTWAL,The chief police officer of a large city. [East Indies]
CUTWATER,A sea bird of the Atlantic (Rhynchops nigra); -- called alsoblack skimmer,
scissorsbill, and razorbill. See Skimmer.
CUTWORK,An ancient term for embroidery, esp. applied to the earliestform of lace,
or to that early embroidery on linen and the like, fromwhich the manufacture of
lace was developed.
CUTWORM,A caterpillar which at night eats off young plants of cabbage,corn, etc.,
usually at the ground. Some kinds ascend fruit trees andeat off the flower buds.
During the day, they conceal themselves inthe earth. The common cutworms are the
larvæ of various species ofAgrotis and related genera of noctuid moths.
CUVETTE,A cunette. 3. (Spectrometry) (Analytical chemistry)
CYAMELIDE,A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymericmodification of
isocyanic acid.
CYAMELLONE,A complex derivative of cyanogen, regarded as an acid, andknown chiefly
in its salts; -- called also hydromellonic acid.
CYANATE,A salt of cyanic acid. Ammonium cyanate (Chem.), a remarkablewhite
crystalline substance, NH4.O.CN, which passes, on standing, tothe organic compound,
urea, CO.(NH)2.
CYANAURATE,See Aurocyanide.
CYANEAN,Having an azure color. Pennant.
CYANIDE,A compound formed by the union of cyanogen with an element orradical.
CYANIN,The blue coloring matter of flowers; -- called also anthokyanand
anthocyanin.
CYANINE,One of a series of artificial blue or red dyes obtained fromquinoline and
lepidine and used in calico printing.
CYANITE,A mineral occuring in thin-bladed crystals and crystallineaggregates, of a
sky-blue color. It is a silicate of aluminium.[Written also kyanite.]
CYANOGEN,A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas, C2N2, with a peach-blossom odor,
so called from its tendency to form blue compounds;obtained by heating ammonium
oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It isobtained in combination, forming an alkaline
cyanide when nitrogen ora nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with carbon and
soda orpotash. It conducts itself like a member of the halogen group ofelements,
and shows a tendency to form complex compounds. The name isalso applied to the
univalent radical, CN (the half molecule ofcyanogen proper), which was one of the
first compound radicalsrecognized.
CYANOMETER,An instrument for measuring degress of blueness.
CYANOPATHY,A disease in which the body is colored blue in its surface,arising
usually from a malformation of the heart, which causes animperfect arterialization
of the blood; blue jaundice.
CYANOPHYLL,A blue coloring matter supposed by some to be one of thecomponent parts
ofchlorophyll.
CYANOSED,Rendered blue, as the surface of the body, from cyanosis ordeficient a
CYANOSIS,A condition in which, from insufficient aCyanopathy.
CYANOSITE,Native sulphate of copper. Cf. Blue vitriol, under Blue.
CYANOTIC,Relating to cyanosis; affected with cyanosis; as, a cyanoticpatient;
having the hue caused by cyanosis; as, a cyanitic skin.
CYANOTYPE,A photographic picture obtained by the use of a cyanide.
CYANURATE,A salt of cyanuric acid.
CYANURET,A cyanide. [Obs.]
CYANURIC ACID,an organic acid, C3O3N3H3, first obtained by heating uric acidor
urea, and called pyrouric acid; afterwards obtained from isocyanicacid. It is a
white crystalline substance, odorless and almosttasteless; -- called also
tricarbimide.
CYANURIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cyanic and uric acids.
CYATHIFORM,In the form of a cup, a little widened at the top.
CYATHOLITH,A kind of coccolith, which in shape resembles a minute cupwidened at the
top, and varies in size from
CYATHOPHYLLOID,Like, or pertaining to, the family Cyathophyllidæ.
CYCAD,Any plant of the natural order Cycadeceæ, as the sago palm,etc.
CYCADACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, an order of plants like thepalms, but
having exogenous wood. The sago palm is an example.
CYCAS,A genus of trees, intermediate in character between the palmsand the pines.
The pith of the trunk of some species furnishes avaluable kind of sago.
CYCLAMEN,A genus of plants of the Primrose family, having depressedrounded corms,
and pretty nodding flowers with the petals so reflexedas to point upwards, whence
it is called rabbit's ears. It is alsocalled sow bread, because hogs are said to
eat the corms.
CYCLAMIN,A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extractedfrom the
corm of Cyclamen Europæum.
CYCLAS,A long gown or surcoat (cut off in front), worn in the MiddleAges. It was
sometimes embroidered or interwoven with gold. Also, arich stuff from which the
gown was made.
CYCLE,One entire round in a circle or a spire; as, a cycle or set ofleaves. Gray.
CYCLIDE,A surface of the fourth degree, having certain specialrelations to
spherical surfaces. The tore or anchor ring is one ofthe cyclides.
CYCLING,The act, art, or practice, of riding a cycle, esp. a bicycle ortricycle.
CYCLIST,A cycler.
CYCLO-,A combining form meaning circular, of a circle or wheel.
CYCLOBRANCHIATE,Having the gills around the margin of the body, as certainlimpets.
CYCLOGANOID,Of or pertaining to the Cycloganoidei.
CYCLOGANOIDEI,An order of ganoid fishes, having cycloid scales. The bowfin(Amia
calva) is a living example.
CYCLOGRAPH,See Arcograph.
CYCLOID,A curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when thecircle is
rolled along a straight line, keeping always in the sameplane.
CYCLOIDAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as, the cycloidalspace is the
space contained between a cycloid and its base.Cycloidal engine. See Geometric
lathe.
CYCLOIDEI,An order of fishes, formerly proposed by Agassiz, for thosewith thin,
smooth scales, destitute of marginal spines, as theherring and salmon. The group is
now regarded as artificial.
CYCLOIDIAN,Same as 2d and 3d Cycloid.
CYCLOMETER,A contrivance for recording the revolutions of a wheel, as of abicycle.
CYCLOMETRY,The art of measuring circles.
CYCLONE,A violent storm, often of vast extent, characterized by highwinds rotating
about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure. Thiscenter moves onward, often
with a velocity of twenty or thirty milesan hour.
CYCLONIC,Pertaining to a cyclone.
CYCLONOSCOPE,An apparatus to assist in locating the center of a cyclone.
CYCLOP,See Note under Cyclops, 1.
CYCLOPEAN,Pertaining to the Cyclops; characteristic of the Cyclops; huge;gigantic;
vast and rough; massive; as, Cyclopean labors; Cyclopeanarchitecture.
CYCLOPEDIC,Belonging to the circle of the sciences, or to a cyclopedia; ofthe
nature of a cyclopedia; hence, of great range, extent, or amount;as, a man of
cyclopedic knowledge.
CYCLOPEDIST,A maker of, or writer for, a cyclopedia.
CYCLOPIC,Pertaining to the Cyclops; Cyclopean.
CYCLOPS,One of a race of giants, sons of Neptune and Amphitrite, havingbut one eye,
and that in the middle of the forehead. They were fabledto inhabit Sicily, and to
assist in the workshops of Vulcan, underMt. Etna.
CYCLORAMA,A pictorial view which is extended circularly, so that thespectator is
surrounded by the objects represented as by things innature. The realistic effect
is increased by putting, in the spacebetween the spectator and the picture, things
adapted to the scenerepresented, and in some places only parts of these objects,
thecompletion of them being carried out pictorially.
CYCLOSCOPE,A machine for measuring at any moment velocity of rotation, asof a wheel
of a steam engine. Knight.
CYCLOSIS,The circulation or movement of protoplasmic granules within aliving
vegetable cell.
CYCLOSTOMATA,Defn:
CYCLOSTOME,A division of Bryozoa, in which the cells have circularapertures.
CYCLOSTOMI,A glass of fishes having a suckerlike mouth, without jaws, asthe
lamprey; the Marsipobranchii.
CYCLOSTYLAR,Relating to a structure composed of a circular range ofcolumns, without
a core or building within. Weale.
CYCLOSTYLE,A contrivance for producing manifold copies of writing ordrawing. The
writing or drawing is done with a style carrying a smallwheel at the end which
makes minute punctures in the paper, thusconverting it into a stencil. Copies are
transferred with an inkedroller.
CYDER,See Cider. [Archaic]
CYDONIN,A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted from the seeds ofthe quince
(Cydonia vulgaris), and regarded as a variety of amylose.
CYGNET,A young swan. Shak.
CYGNUS,A constellation of the northern hemisphere east of, orfollowing, Lyra; the
Swan.
CYLINDRACEOUS,Cylindrical, or approaching a cylindrical form.
CYLINDRICALLY,In the manner or shape of a cylinder; so as to be cylindrical.
CYLINDRICITY,The quality or condition of being cylindrical.
CYLINDRIFORM,Having the form of a cylinder.
CYLINDROID,A certain surface of the third degree, described by a movingstraight
line; -- used to illustrate the motions of a rigid body andalso the forces acting
on the body.
CYLINDROMETRIC,Belonging to a scale used in measuring cylinders.
CYMA,A member or molding of the cornice, the profile of which iswavelike in form.
CYMAR,A sight covering; a scarf. See Simar.Her body shaded with a light cymar.
Dryden.
CYMATIUM,A capping or crowning molding in classic architecture.
CYMBALIST,A performer upon cymbals.
CYMBIFORM,Shaped like a boat; (Bot.) elongated and having the uppersurface
decidedly concave, as the glumes of many grasses.
CYMBIUM,A genus of marine univalve shells; the gondola.
CYME,A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal ordeterminate type,
differing from a corymb chiefly in the order of theopening of the blossoms.
CYMENE,A colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon, CH3.C6H4.C3H7, ofpleasant
odor, obtained from oil of cumin, oil of caraway, carvacrol,camphor, etc.; --
called also paracymene, and formerly camphogen.
CYMENOL,See Carvacrol.
CYMIDINE,A liquid organic base, C10H13.NH2, derived from cymene.
CYMIFEROUS,Producing cymes.
CYMOGENE,A highly volatile liquid, condensed by cold and pressure fromthe first
products of the distillation of petroleum; -- used forproducing low temperatures.
CYMOGRAPH,To trace or copy with a cymograph.
CYMOID,Having the form of a cyme.
CYMOMETER,An instrument for exhibiting and measuring wave motion; specif.(Elec.),
CYMOPHANE,See Chrysoberyl.
CYMOPHANOUS,Having a wavy, floating light; opalescent; chatoyant.
CYMOSCOPE,Any device for detecting the presence of electric waves. Theinfluence of
electric waves on the resistance of a particular kind ofelectric circuit, on the
magnetization of steel, on the polarizationof an electrolytic cell, or on the
electric condition of a vacuum hasbeen applied in the various cymoscopes.
CYMRIC,Welsh.-- n.
CYMRY,A collective term for the Welsh race; -- so called bythemselves . [Written
also Cymri, Cwmry, Kymry, etc.]
CYMULE,A small cyme, or one of very few flowers.
CYNANCHE,Any disease of the tonsils, throat, or windpipe, attended
withinflammation, swelling, and difficulty of breathing and swallowing.
CYNANTHROPY,A kind of madness in which men fancy themselves changed intodogs, and
imitate the voice and habits of that animal.
CYNARCTOMACHY,Bear baiting with a dog. Hudibras.
CYNARRHODIUM,A fruit like that of the rose, consisting of a cup formed ofthe calyx
tube and receptacle, and containing achenes.
CYNEGETICS,The art of hunting with dogs.
CYNICALLY,In a cynical manner.
CYNICALNESS,The quality of being cynical.
CYNICISM,The doctrine of the Cynics; the quality of being cynical; themental state,
opnions, or conduct, of a cynic; morose andcontemptuous views and opinions.
CYNOIDEA,A division of Carnivora, including the dogs, wolves, and foxes.
CYNOREXIA,A voracious appetite, like that of a starved dog.
CYNOSURAL,Of or pertaining to a cynosure.
CYON,See Cion, and Scion.
CYPERACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a large family of plants ofwhich the
sedge is the type.
CYPERUS,A large genus of plants belonging to the Sedge family, andincluding the
species called galingale, several bulrushes, and theEgyptian papyrus.
CYPHER,See Cipher.
CYPHONAUTES,The free-swimming, bivalve larva of certain Bryozoa.
CYPHONISM,A punishment sometimes used by the ancients, consisting in thebesmearing
of the criminal with honey, and exposing him to insects.It is still in use among
some Oriental nations.
CYPRAEA,A genus of mollusks, including the cowries. See Cowrie.
CYPRES,A rule for construing written instruments so as to conform asnearly to the
intention of the parties as is consistent with law.Mozley & W.
CYPRESS,A coniferous tree of the genus Cupressus. The species aremostly evergreen,
and have wood remarkable for its durability.
CYPRINE,Of or pertaining to the cypress.
CYPRINODONT,One of the Cyprinodontidae, a family of fishes including thekillifishes
or minnows. See Minnow.
CYPRINOID,Like the carp (Cyprinus).-- n.
CYPRIOT,A native or inhabitant of Cyprus.
CYPRIPEDIUM,A genus of orchidaceous plants including the lady's slipper.
CYPRIS,A genus of small, bivalve, freshwater Crustacea, belonging tothe Ostracoda;
also, a member of this genus.
CYPRUS,A thin, transparent stuff, the same as, or corresponding to,crape. It was
either white or black, the latter being most common,and used for mourning.
[Obs.]Lawn as white as driven snow, Cyprus black as e'er was crow. Shak.
CYPRUSLAWN,Same as Cyprus. Milton.
CYPSELA,A one-seeded, one-called, indehiscent fruit; an achene with thecalyx tube
adherent.
CYPSELIFORM,Like or belonging to the swifts (Cypselidæ.)
CYRENAIC,Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of northern Africa,and to
Cyrene, its principal city; also, to a school of philosophyfounded by Aristippus, a
native of Cyrene.-- n.
CYRENIAN,Pertaining to Cyrene, in Africa; Cyrenaic.
CYRIOLOGIC,Relating to capital letters.
CYRTOSTYLE,A circular projecting portion.
CYST,One of the bladders or air vessels of certain algæ, as of thegreat kelp of the
Pacific, and common rockweeds (Fuci) of our shores.D. C. Eaton.
CYSTED,Inclosed in a cyst.
CYSTIC,Pertaining to, or contained in, a cyst; esp., pertaining to, orcontained in,
either the urinary bladder or the gall bladder. Cysticduct, the duct from the gall
bladder which unites with the hepatic toform the common bile duct.-- Cystic worm
(Zoöl.), a larval tape worm, as the cysticercus andechinococcus.
CYSTICULE,An appendage of the vestibular ear sac of fishes. Owen.
CYSTID,One of the Cystidea.
CYSTIDEA,An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic rocks.They were
usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often unsymmetrical;some were sessile, others
had short stems.
CYSTIDEAN,One of the Cystidea.
CYSTINE,A white crystalline substance, C3H7NSO2, containing sulphur,occuring as a
constituent of certain rare urinary calculi, andoccasionally found as a sediment in
urine.
CYSTIS,A cyst. See Cyst.
CYSTITIS,Inflammation of the bladder.
CYSTOCARP,A minute vesicle in a red seaweed, which contains thereproductive spores.
CYSTOCELE,Hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes; vesical hernia.
CYSTOIDEA,Same as Cystidea.
CYSTOLITH,A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf or other part of aplant.
CYSTOLITHIC,Relating to stone in the bladder.
CYSTOPLAST,A nucleated cell having an envelope or cell wall, as a redblood
corpuscle or an epithelial cell; a cell concerned in growth.
CYSTOSE,Containing, or resembling, a cyst or cysts; cystic; bladdery.
CYSTOTOME,A knife or instrument used in cystotomy.
CYSTOTOMY,The act or practice of opening cysts; esp., the operation ofcutting into
the bladder, as for the extraction of a calculus.
CYTHEREAN,Pertaining to the goddess Venus.
CYTOBLAST,The nucleus of a cell; the germinal or active spot of acellule, through
or in which cell development takes place.
CYTOBLASTEMA,See Protoplasm.
CYTOCOCCUS,The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell. Hæckel.
CYTODE,A nonnucleated mass of protoplasm, the supposed simplest formof independent
life differing from the amoeba, in which nuclei arepresent.
CYTOGENESIS,Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. SeeGemmation,
Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell.
CYTOGENOUS,Producing cells; -- applied esp. to lymphatic, or adenoid,tissue.
CYTOGENY,Cell production or development; cytogenesis.
CYTOID,Cell-like; -- applied to the corpuscles of lymph, blood, chyle,etc.
CYTOPLASM,The substance of the body of a cell, as distinguished from
thekaryoplasma, or substance of the nucleus.-- Cy`to*plas"mic (-pl, a.
CYTULA,The fertilized egg cell or parent cell, from the development ofwhich the
child or other organism is formed. Hæckel.
CZAR,A king; a chief; the title of the emperor of Russia. [Writtenalso tzar.]
CZAREVNA,The title of the wife of the czarowitz.
CZARINA,The title of the empress of Russia.
CZARINIAN,Of or pertaining to the czar or the czarina; czarish.
CZARISH,Of or pertaining to the czar.
CZAROWITZ,The title of the eldest son of the czar of Russia.
CZECHIC,Of or pertaining to the Czechs. "One Czechic realm." TheNation.
CZECHS,The most westerly branch of the great Slavic family of nations,numbering now
more than 6,000,000, and found principally in Bohemiaand Moravia.
D VALVE,A kind of slide valve. See Slide valve, under Slide.
D,The nominal of the second tone in the model major scale (thatin C), or of the
fourth tone in the relative minor scale of C (thatin A minor), or of the key tone
in the relative minor of F.
DAB,A skillful hand; a dabster; an expert. [Colloq.]One excels at a plan or the
titlepage, another works away at the bodyof the book, and the therd is a dab at an
index. Goldsmith.
DABB,A large, spine-tailed lizard (Uromastix spinipes), found inEgypt, Arabia, and
Palestine; -- called also dhobb, and dhabb.
DABBER,That with which one dabs; hence, a pad or other device used byprinters,
engravers, etc., as for dabbing type or engraved plateswith ink.
DABBLE,To wet by little dips or strokes; to spatter; to sprinkle; tomoisten; to
wet. "Bright hair dabbled in blood." Shak.
DABBLINGLY,In a dabbling manner.
DABCHICK,A small water bird (Podilymbus podiceps), allied to the grebes,remarkable
for its quickness in diving; -- called also dapchick,dobchick, dipchick, didapper,
dobber, devil-diver, hell-diver, andpied-billed grebe.
DABOIA,A large and highly venomous Asiatic viper (Daboia xanthica).
DABSTER,One who is skilled; a master of his business; a proficient; anadept.
[Colloq.]
DACAPO,From the beginning; a direction to return to, and end with, thefirst strain;
-- indicated by the letters D. C. Also, the strain sorepeated.
DACE,A small European cyprinoid fish (Squalius leuciscus orLeuciscus vulgaris); --
called also dare.
DACHSHUND,One of a breed of small dogs with short crooked legs, and longbody; --
called also badger dog. There are two kinds, the rough-haired and the smooth-
haired.
DACIAN,Of or pertaining to Dacia or the Dacians.-- n.
DACOIT,One of a class of robbers, in India, who act in gangs.
DACOITY,The practice of gang robbery in India; robbery committed bydacoits.
DACOTAHS,Same as Dacotas. Longfellow.
DACTYL,A poetical foot of three sylables (-- ~ ~), one long followedby two short,
or one accented followed by two unaccented; as, L.tëgmînê, E. mer"ciful; -- so
called from the similarity of itsarrangement to that of the joints of a finger.
[Written alsodactyle.]
DACTYLAR,Of or pertaining to a finger or toe, or to the claw of aninsect
crustacean.
DACTYLET,A dactyl. [Obs.]
DACTYLIC,Pertaining to, consisting chiefly or wholly of, dactyls; as,dactylic
verses.
DACTYLIOGLYPHY,The art or process of gem engraving.
DACTYLIOMANCY,Divination by means of finger rings.
DACTYLIST,A writer of dactylic verse.
DACTYLITIS,An inflammatory affection of the fingers. Gross.
DACTYLOLOGY,The art of communicating ideas by certain movements andpositions of the
fingers; -- a method of conversing practiced by thedeaf and dumb.
DACTYLOMANCY,Dactylio mancy. [R.] Am. Cyc.
DACTYLONOMY,The art of numbering or counting by the fingers.
DACTYLOPTEROUS,Having the inferior rays of the pectoral fins partially orentirely
free, as in the gurnards.
DACTYLOTHECA,The scaly covering of the toes, as in birds.
DACTYLOZOOID,A kind of zooid of Siphonophora which has an elongated or
evenvermiform body, with one tentacle, but no mouth. See Siphonophora.
DAD,Father; -- a word sometimes used by children.I was never so bethumped
withwords, Since I first called my brother'sfather dad. Shak.
DADDLE,To toddle; to walk unsteadily, like a child or an old man;hence, to do
anything slowly or feebly.
DADDOCK,The rotten body of a tree. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
DADDY LONGLEGS,An arachnidan of the genus Phalangium, and allied genera,having a
small body and four pairs of long legs; -- called alsoharvestman, carter, and
grandfather longlegs.
DADDY,Diminutive of Dad. Dryden.
DADE,To hold up by leading strings or by the hand, as a child whilehe toddles.
[Obs.]Little children when they learn to go By painful mothers daded to andfro.
Drayton.
DAEDALOUS,Having a variously cut or incised margin; -- said of leaves.
DAFF,To cast aside; to put off; to doff. [Obs.]Canst thou so daff me Thou hast
killed my child. Shak.
DAFTNESS,The quality of being daft.
DAG,The unbrunched antler of a young deer.
DAG-TAILED,Daggle-tailed; having the tail clogged with daglocks. "Dag-tailed
sheep." Bp. Hall.
DAGGER,A mark of reference in the form of a dagger [|]. It is thesecond in order
when more than one reference occurs on a page; --called also obelisk. Dagger moth
(Zoöl.), any moth of the genusApatalea. The larvæ are often destructive to the
foliage of fruittrees, etc.-- Dagger of lath, the wooden weapon given to the Vice
in the oldMoralities. Shak.-- Double dagger, a mark of reference [||] which comes
next in orderafter the dagger.-- To look, or speak, daggers, to look or speak
fiercely orreproachfully.
DAGGES,An ornamental cutting of the edges of garments, introducedabout a. d. 1346,
according to the Chronicles of St Albans. [Obs.]Halliwell.
DAGGLE,To trail, so as to wet or befoul; to make wet and limp; tomoisten.The
warrior's very plume, I say, Was daggled by the dashing spray.Sir W. Scott.
DAGGLE-TAIL,A slovenly woman; a slattern; a draggle-tail.
DAGLOCK,A dirty or clotted lock of wool on a sheep; a taglock.
DAGO,A nickname given to a person of Spanish (or, by extension,Portuguese or
Italian) descent. [U. S.]
DAGOBA,A dome-shaped structure built over relics of Buddha or someBuddhist saint.
[East Indies]
DAGON,The national god of the Philistines, represented with the faceand hands and
upper part of a man, and the tail of a fish. W. Smith.This day a solemn feast the
people hold To Dagon, their sea idol.Milton.They brought it into the house of
Dagon. 1 Sam. v. 2.
DAGSWAIN,Acoarse woolen fabric made of daglocks, or the refuse of wool."Under
coverlets made of dagswain." Holinshed.
DAGUERREOTYPE,One who takes daguerreotypes.
DAGUERREOTYPY,The art or process of producing pictures by method of Daguerre.
DAHABEAH,A nile boat
DAHLIA,A genus of plants native to Mexico and Central America, of theorder
Compositæ; also, any plant or flower of the genus. The numerousvarieties of
cultivated dahlias bear conspicuous flowers which differin color.
DAHLIN,A variety of starch extracted from the dahlia; -- called alsoinulin. See
Inulin.
DAHOON,An evergreen shrub or small tree (Ilex cassine) of the southernUnited
States, bearing red drupes and having soft, white, close-grained wood; -- called
also dahoon holly.
DAILINESS,Daily occurence. [R.]
DAILY,Happening, or belonging to, each successive day; diurnal; as,daily labor; a
daily bulletin.Give us this day our daily bread. Matt. vi. 11.Bunyan has told
us . . . that in New England his dream was the dailysubject of the conversation of
thousands. Macaulay.
DAIMIO,The title of the feudal nobles of Japan.daimyoThe daimios, or territorial
nobles, resided in Yedo and were dividedinto four classes. Am. Cyc.
DAINT,Something of exquisite taste; a dainty. [Obs.] -- a.
DAINTIFY,To render dainty, delicate, or fastidious. "Daintifiedemotion." Sat. rev.
DAINTILY,In a dainty manner; nicely; scrupulously; fastidiously;deliciously;
prettily.
DAINTINESS,The quality of being dainty; nicety; niceness; elegance;delicacy;
deliciousness; fastidiousness; squeamishness.The daintiness and niceness of our
captains Hakluyt.More notorious for the daintiness of the provision . . . than for
themassiveness of the dish. Hakewill.The duke exeeded in the daintiness of his leg
and foot, and the earlin the fine shape of his hands, Sir H. Wotton.
DAINTREL,Adelicacy. [Obs.] Halliwell.
DAIRA,Any of several valuable estates of the Egyptian khedive or hisfamily. The
most important are the Da"i*ra Sa"ni*eh, or Sa"ni*yeh,and the Da"i*ra Khas"sa,
administered by the khedive's Europeanbondholders, and known collectively as the
Daira, or the Dairaestates.
DAIRYING,The business of conducting a dairy.
DAIRYMAID,A female servant whose business is the care of the dairy.
DAIRYMAN,A man who keeps or takes care of a dairy.
DAIRYWOMAN,A woman who attends to a dairy.
DAISIED,Full of daisies; adorned with daisies. "The daisied green."Langhorne.The
grass all deep and daisied. G. Eliot.
DAK,Post; mail; also, the mail or postal arrangements; -- speltalso dawk, and dauk.
[India] Dak boat, a mail boat. Percy Smith.-- Dak bungalow, a traveler's rest-house
at the and of a dak stage.-- To travel by dak, to travel by relays of palanquines
or othercarriage, as fast as the post along a road.
DAKER HEN,The corncrake or land rail.
DAKOTA GROUP,A subdivision at the base of the cretaceous formation inWestern North
America; -- so named from the region where the stratawere first studied.
DAKOTAS,An extensive race or stock of Indians, including many tribes,mostly
dwelling west of the Mississippi River; -- also, in part,called Sioux. [Written
also Dacotahs.]
DAL SEGNO,A direction to go back to the sign Segno.
DAL,Split pulse, esp. of Cajanus Indicus. [East Indies]
DALESMAN,One living in a dale; -- a term applied particularly to theinhabitants of
the valleys in the north of England, Norway, etc.Macaulay.
DALF,imp. of Delve. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DALLES,A rapid, esp. one where the channel is narrowed between rockwalls.
[Northwestern U. S. & Canada]
DALLIER,One Who fondles; a trifler; as, dalliers with pleasant words.Asham.
DALLOP,A tuft or clump. [Obs.] Tusser.
DALLY,To delay unnecessarily; to while away.Dallying off the time with often
skirmishes. Knolles.
DALMANIA,A genus of trilobites, of many species, common in the UpperSilurian and
Devonian rocks.
DALMANITES,Same as Dalmania.
DALMATIAN,Of or pertaining to Dalmatia. Dalmatian dog (Zoöl.), a carriagedog,
shaped like a pointer, and having black or bluish spots on awhite ground; the coach
dog.
DALTONIAN,One afflicted with color blindness.
DALTONISM,Inability to perceive or distinguish certain colors, esp. red;color
blindness. It has various forms and degrees. So called from thechemist Dalton, who
had this infirmity. Nichol.
DAM,A firebrick wall, or a stone, which forms the front of thehearth of a blast
furnace. Dam plate (Blast Furnace), an iron platein front of the dam, to strengthen
it.
DAMAGE FEASANT,Doing injury; trespassing, as cattle. Blackstone.
DAMAGE,The estimated reparation in money for detriment or injurysustained; a
compensation, recompense, or satisfaction to one party,for a wrong or injury
actually done to him by another.
DAMAN,A small herbivorous mammal of the genus Hyrax. The speciesfound in Palestine
and Syria is Hyrax Syriacus; that of NorthernAfrica is H. Brucei; -- called also
ashkoko, dassy, and rock rabbit.See Cony, and Hyrax.
DAMAR,See Dammar.
DAMARA,A native of Damaraland, German Southwest Africa. The Damarasinclude an
important and warlike Bantu tribe, and the Hill Damaras,who are Hottentots and
mixed breeds hostile to the Bantus.
DAMASCENE,Of or relating to Damascus.
DAMASCUS STEEL,See Damask steel, under Damask.
DAMASCUS,A city of Syria. Damascus blade, a sword or scimiter, madechiefly at
Damascus, having a variegated appearance of watering, andproverbial for
excellence.-- Damascus iron, or Damascus twist, metal formed of thin bars orwires
of iron and steel elaborately twisted and welded together; usedfor making gun
barrels, etc., of high quality, in which the surface,when polished and acted upon
by acid, has a damasc appearance.-- Damascus steel. See Damask steel, under Damask,
a.
DAMASK,To decorate in a way peculiar to Damascus or attributed toDamascus;
particularly: (a) with flowers and rich designs, as silk;(b) with inlaid lines of
gold, etc., or with a peculiar marking or"water," as metal. See Damaskeen.Mingled
metal damasked o'er with gold. DrydeOn the soft, downy bank, damasked with flowers.
Milton.
DAMASKIN,A sword of Damask steel.No old Toledo blades or damaskins. Howell
DAMASSE,Woven like damask.-- n.
DAMASSIN,A kind of modified damask or blocade.
DAMBONITE,A white crystalline, sugary substance obtained from an Africancaotchouc.
DAMBOSE,A crystalline vari ety of fruit sugar obtained from dambonite.
DAMEWORT,A cruciferrous plant (Hesperis matronalis), remarkable for itsfragrance,
especially toward the close of the day; -- called alsorocket and dame's violet.
Loudon.
DAMIANA,A Mexican drug, used as an aphrodisiac.
DAMIANIST,A follower of Damian, patriarch of Alexandria in the 6thcentury, who held
heretical opinions on the doctrine of the HolyTrinity.
DAMMARA,A large tree of the order Coniferæ, indigenous to the EastIndies and
Australasia; -- called also Agathis. There are severalspecies.
DAMN,To doom to punishment in the future world; to consign toperdition; to curse.
DAMNABILITY,The quality of being damnable; damnableness. Sir T. More.
DAMNABLENESS,The state or quality of deserving damnation; execrableness.The
damnableness of this most execrable impiety. Prynne.
DAMNATION,Condemnation to everlasting punishment in the future state, orthe
punishment itself.How can ye escape the damnation of hell Matt. xxiii.
33.Wickedness is sin, and sin is damnation. Shak.
DAMNATORY,Doo "Damnatory invectives." Hallam.
DAMNIFIC,Procuring or causing loss; mischievous; injurious.
DAMNIFICATION,That which causes damage or loss.
DAMNIFY,To cause loss or damage to; to injure; to imparir. [R.]This work will ask
as many more officials to make expurgations andexpunctions, that the commonwealth
of learning be not damnified.Milton.
DAMNING,That damns; damnable; as, damning evidence of guilt.
DAMNINGNESS,Tendency to bring damnation. "The damningness of them [sins]."Hammond.
DAMNUM,Harm; detriment, either to character or property.
DAMOURITE,A kind of Muscovite, or potash mica, containing water.
DAMP OFF,To decay and perish through excessive moisture.
DAMP,A gaseous prodact, formed in coal mines, old wells, pints, etc.Choke damp, a
damp consisting principally of carboniCarbonic acid,under Carbonic.-- Damp sheet, a
curtain in a mine gallery to direct air currentsand prevent accumulation of gas.--
Fire damp, a damp consisting chiefly of light carburetedhydrogen; -- so called from
its tendence to explode when mixed withatmospheric air and brought into contact
with flame.
DAMPEN,To become damp; to deaden. Byron.
DAMPER,That which damps or checks; as: (a) A valve or movable plate inthe flue or
other part of a stove, furnace, etc., used to check orregulate the draught of air.
(b) A contrivance, as in a pianoforte,to deaden vibrations; or, as in other pieces
of mechanism, to checksome action at a particular time.Nor did Sabrina's presence
seem to act as any damper at the modestlittle festivities. W. Black.
DAMPISH,Moderately damp or moist.-- Damp"ish*ly, adv.-- Damp"ish*ness, n.
DAMPNE,To damn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DAMPNESS,Moderate humidity; moisture; fogginess; moistness.
DAMSEL,An attachment to a millstone spindle for shaking the hoppe
DAMSON,A small oval plum of a blue color, the fruit of a variety ofthe Prunus
domestica; -- called also damask plum.
DAN,A title of honor equivalent to master, or sir. [Obs.]Old Dan Geoffry, in gently
spright The pure wellhead of poetry diddwell. Spenser.What time Dan Abraham left
the Chaldee land. Thomson.
DANAIDE,A water wheel having a vertical axis, and an inner and outertapering shell,
between which are vanes or floats attached usually toboth shells, but sometimes
only to one.
DANAITE,A cobaltiferous variety of arsenopyrite.
DANALITE,A mineral occuring in octahedral crystals, also massive, of areddish
color. It is a silicate of iron, zinc manganese, andglicinum, containing sulphur.
DANBURITE,A borosilicate of lime, first found at Danbury, Conn. It isnear the topaz
in form. Dana.
DANCE,To cause to dance, or move nimbly or merrily about, or up anddown; to
dandle.To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind. Shak.Thy grandsire loved thee
well; Many a time he danced thee on hisknee. Shak.To dance attendance, to come and
go obsequiously; to be or remain inwaiting, at the beck and call of another, with a
view to please orgain favor.A man of his place, and so near our favor, To dance
attendance ontheir lordships' pleasure. Shak.
DANCER,One who dances or who practices dancing. The merry dancers,beams of the
northern lights when they rise and fall alternatelywithout any considerable change
of length. See Aurora borealis, underAurora.
DANCERESS,A female dancer. [Obs.] Wyclif.
DANCETTE,Deeply indented; having large teeth; thus, a fess dancetté hasonly three
teeth in the whole width of the escutcheon.
DANCING,from Dance. Dancing girl, one of the women in the East Indieswhose
profession is to dance in the temples, or for the amusement ofspectators. There are
various classes of dancing girls.-- Dancing master, a teacher of dancing.-- Dancing
school, a school or place where dancing is taught.
DANCY,Same as Dancetté.
DANDELION,A well-known plant of the genus Taraxacum (T. officinale,formerly called
T. Dens-leonis and Leontodos Taraxacum) bearinglarge, yellow, compound flowers, and
deeply notched leaves.
DANDER,To wander about; to saunter; to talk incoherently. [Prov. Eng.]Halliwell.
DANDI,A boatman; an oarsman. [India]
DANDIE,One of a breed of small terriers; -- called also DandieDinmont.
DANDIFIED,Made up like a dandy; having the dress or manners of a dandy;buckish.
DANDIFY,To cause to resemble a dandy; to make dandyish.
DANDLER,One who dandles or fondles.
DANDRIFF,See Dandruff. Swift.
DANDRUFF,A scurf which forms on the head, and comes off in small orparticles.
[Written also dandriff.]
DANDY,A bantam fowl.
DANDYISH,Like a dandy.
DANDYISM,The manners and dress of a dandy; foppishness. Byron.
DANDYLING,A little or insignificant dandy; a contemptible fop.
DANE,A native, or a naturalized inhabitant, of Denmark. Great Dane.(Zoöl.) See
Danish dog, under Danish.
DANEWORT,A fetid European species of elder (Sambucus Ebulus); dwarfelder; wallwort;
elderwort; -- called also Daneweed, Dane's weed, andDane's-blood.
DANG,imp. of Ding. [Obs.]
DANGER,To endanger. [Obs.] Shak.
DANGERFUL,Full of danger; dangerous. [Obs.] -- Dan"ger*ful*ly, adv.[Obs.] Udall.
DANGERLESS,Free from danger. [R.]
DANGLE,To hang loosely, or with a swinging or jerking motion.he'd rather on a
gibbet dangle Than miss his dear delight, towrangle. Hudibras.From her lifted hand
Dangled a length of ribbon. Tennyson.To dangle about or after, to hang upon
importunately; to court thefavor of; to beset.The Presbyterians, and other fanatics
that dangle after them, arewell inclined to pull down the present establishment.
Swift.
DANGLEBERRY,A dark blue, edible berry with a white bloom, and its shrub(Gaylussacia
frondosa) closely allied to the common huckleberry. Thebush is also called blue
tangle, and is found from New England toKentucky, and southward.
DANGLER,One who dangles about or after others, especially after women;a trifler. "
Danglers at toilets." Burke.
DANIEL,A Hebrew prophet distinguished for sagacity and ripeness ofjudgment in
youth; hence, a sagacious and upright judge.A Daniel come to judgment. Shak.
DANISH,Belonging to the Danes, or to their language or country.-- n.
DANITE,One of a secret association of Mormons, bound by an oath toobey the heads of
the church in all things. [U. S.]
DANK,Damp; moist; humid; wet.Now that the fields are dank and ways are mire.
Milton.Cheerless watches on the cold, dank ground. Trench.
DANKISH,Somewhat dank.-- Dank"ish*ness, n.In a dark and dankish vault at home.
Shak.
DANNEBROG,The ancient battle standard of Denmark, bearing figures ofcross and
crown. Order of Dannebrog, an ancient Danish order ofknighthood.
DANSEUSE,a professional female dancer; a woman who dances at a publicexhibition as
in a ballet.
DANSK,Danish. [Obs.]
DANSKER,A Dane. [Obs.]Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris. Shak.
DANTEAN,Relatingto, emanating from or resembling, the poet Dante or hiswritings.
DANTESQUE,Dantelike; Dantean. Earle.
DANUBIAN,Pertainingto, or bordering on, the river Danube.
DAP,To drop the bait gently on the surface of the water.To catch a club by dapping
with a grasshoper. Walton.
DAPATICAL,Sumptuous in cheer. [Obs.] Bailey.
DAPHNE,A genus of diminutive Shrubs, mostly evergreen, and withfragrant blossoms.
DAPHNETIN,A colorless crystalline substance, C9H6O4, extracted fromdaphnin.
DAPHNIA,A genus of the genus Daphnia.
DAPHNOMANCY,Divination by means of the laurel.
DAPIFER,One who brings meat to the table; hence, in some countries, theofficial
title of the grand master or steward of the king's or anobleman's household.
DAPPER,Little and active; spruce; trim; smart; neat in dress orappearance;
lively.He wondered how so many provinces could be held in subjection by sucha
dapper little man. Milton.The dapper ditties that I wont devise. Spenser.Sharp-
nosed, dapper steam yachts. Julian Hawthorne.
DAPPERLING,A dwarf; a dandiprat. [r.]
DAPPLE,One of the spots on a dappled animal.He has . . . as many eyes on his body
as my gray mare hath dapples.Sir P. Sidney.
DARBIES,Manacles; handcuffs. [Cant]Jem Clink will fetch you the darbies. Sir W.
Scott.
DARBY,A plasterer's float, having two handles; -- used in smoothingceilings, etc.
DARBYITE,One of the Plymouth Brethren, or of a sect among them; -- socalled from
John N. Darby, one of the leaders of the Brethren.
DARDANIAN,Trojan.
DARE,To have adequate or sufficient courage for any purpose; to bebold or
venturesome; not to be afraid; to venture.I dare do all that may become a man; Who
dares do more is none. Shak.Why then did not the ministers use their new law
Bacause they durstnot, because they could not. Macaulay.Who dared to sully her
sweet love with suspicion. Thackeray.The tie of party was stronger than the tie of
blood, because apartisan was more ready to dare without asking why. Jowett (Thu
DARE-DEVIL,A reckless fellow. Also used adjectively; as, dare-devilexcitement.A
humorous dare-devil -- the very man To suit my prpose. Ld. Lytton.
DARE-DEVILTRY,Reckless mischief; the action of a dare-devil.
DAREFUL,Full af daring or of defiance; adveturous. [R.] Shak.
DARER,One who dares or defies.
DARING,Boldness; fearlessness; adventurousness; also, a daring act.
DARK,A dark shade or dark passage in a painting, engraving, or thelike; as, the
light and darks are well contrasted.The lights may serve for a repose to the darks,
and the darks to thelights. Dryden.
DARKEN,To grow or darker.
DARKENER,One who, or that which, darkens.
DARKENING,Twilight; gloaming. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Wright.
DARKFUL,Full of darkness. [Obs.]
DARKISH,Somewhat dark; dusky.
DARKLE,To grow dark; to show indistinctly. Thackeray.
DARKLING,In the dark. [Poetic]So, out went the candle, and we were left darkling.
Shak.As the wakeful bird Sings darkling. Milton.
DARKSOME,Dark; gloomy; obscure; shaded; cheerless. [Poetic]He brought him through a
darksome narrow pass To a broad gate, allbuilt of beaten gold. Spenser.
DARKY,A negro. [Sleng]
DARLING,One dearly beloved; a favorite.And can do naught but wail her darling's
loss. Shak.
DARLINGTONIA,A genus of California pitcher plants consisting of a singlespecies.
The long tubular leaves are hooded at the top, andfrequently contain many insects
drowned in the secretion of theleaves.
DARN,To mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn orthread by means
of a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread.He spent every day ten hours in
his closet, in darning his stockins.Swift.Darning last. See under Last.-- Darning
needle. (a) A long, strong needle for mending holes orrents, especially in
stockings. (b) (Zoöl.) Any species of dragonfly, having a long, cylindrical body,
resembling a needle. Theseflies are harmless and without stings.
DARNEL,Any grass of the genus Lolium, esp. the Lolium temulentum(bearded darnel),
the grains of which have been reputed poisonous.Other species, as Lolium perenne
(rye grass or ray grass), and itsvariety L. Italicum (Italian rye grass), are
highly esteemed forpasture and for making hay.
DARNER,One who mends by darning.
DAROO,The Egyptian sycamore (Ficus Sycamorus). See Sycamore.
DARR,The European black tern.
DARREIN,Last; as, darrein continuance, the last continuance.
DART,A fish; the dace. See Dace. Dart sac (Zoöl.), a sac connectedwith the
reproductive organs of land snails, which contains a dart,or arrowlike structure.
DARTARS,A kind of scab or ulceration on the skin of lambs.
DARTER,The snakebird, a water bird of the genus Plotus; -- so calledbecause it
darts out its long, snakelike neck at its prey. SeeSnakebird.
DARTINGLY,Like a dart; rapidly.
DARTLE,To pierce or shoot through; to dart repeatedly: --frequentative of dart.My
star that dartles the red and the blue. R. Browning.
DARTOIC,Of or pertaining to the dartos.
DARTOID,Like the dartos; dartoic; as, dartoid tissue.
DARTOS,A thin layer of peculiar contractile tissue directly beneaththe skin of the
scrotum.
DARTROUS,Relating to, or partaking of the nature of, the disease calledtetter;
herpetic. Dartroud diathesis, A morbid condition of thesystem predisposing to the
development of certain skin deseases, suchas eczema, psoriasis, and pityriasis.
Also called rheumic diathesis,and hipretism. Piffard.
DARWINIAN,Pertaining to Darwin; as, the Darwinian theory, a theory of themanner and
cause of the supposed development of living things fromcertain original forms or
elements.
DARWINIANISM,Darwinism.
DARWINISM,The theory or doctrines put forth by Darwin. See above. Huxley.
DASE,See Daze. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DASEWE,To become dim-sighted; to become dazed or dazzled. [Obs.]Chauscer.
DASH,To rust with violence; to move impetuously; to strikeviolently; as, the waves
dash upon rocks.[He] dashed through thick and thin. Dryden.On each hand the gushing
waters play, And down the rough cascade alldashing fall. Thomson.
DASHEEN,A tropical aroid (of the genus Caladium, syn. Colocasia) havingan edible
farinaceous root. It is related to the taro and to thetanier, but is much superior
to it in quality and is as easily cookedas the potato. It is a staple food plant of
the tropics, beingprepared like potatoes, and has been introduced into the
SouthernUnited States.
DASHING,Bold; spirited; showy.The dashing and daring spirit is preferable to the
listless. T.Campbell.
DASHINGLY,Conspicuously; showily. [Colloq.]A dashingly dressed gentleman.
Hawthorne.
DASHISM,The character of making ostentatious or blustering parade orshow. [R. &
Colloq.]He must fight a duel before his claim to . . . dashism can beuniversally
allowed. V. Knox.
DASHPOT,A pneumatic or hydraulic cushion for a falling weight, as inthe valve gear
of a steam engine, to prevent shock.
DASHY,Calculated to arrest attention; ostentatiously fashionable;showy. [Colloq.]
DASTARD,One who meanly shrinks from danger; an arrant coward; apoltroon.You are all
recreants and dashtards, and delight to live in slaveryto the nobility. Shak.
DASTARDIZE,To make cowardly; to intimidate; to dispirit; as, to dastardizemy
courage. Dryden.
DASTARDLINESS,The quality of being dastardly; cowardice; base fear.
DASTARDLY,Meanly timid; cowardly; base; as, a dastardly outrage.
DASTARDNESS,Dastardliness.
DASTARDY,Base timidity; cowardliness.
DASWE,See Dasewe [Obs.] Chaucer.
DASYMETER,An instrument for testing the density of gases, consisting of athin glass
globe, which is weighed in the gas or gases, and then inan atmosphere of known
density.
DASYPAEDAL,Dasypædic.
DASYPAEDES,Those birds whose young are covered with down when hatched.
DASYPAEDIC,Pertaining to the Dasypædes; ptilopædic.
DASYURE,A carnivorous marsupial quadruped of Australia, belonging tothe genus
Dasyurus. There are several species.
DASYURINE,Pertaining to, or like, the dasyures.
DATA,See Datum.
DATABLE,That may be dated; having a known or ascertainable date."Datable almost to
a year." The Century.
DATARIA,Formerly, a part of the Roman chancery; now, a separate officefrom which
are sent graces or favors, cognizable in foro externo,such as appointments to
benefices. The name is derived from the worddatum, given or dated (with the
indications of the time and place ofgranting the gift or favor).
DATARY,An officer in the pope's court, having charge of the Dataria.
DATE LINE,The hypothetical line on the surface of the earth fixed byinternational
or general agreement as a boundary on one side of whichthe same day shall have a
different name and date in the calendarfrom its name and date on the other side.
DATE,The fruit of the date palm; also, the date palm itself.
DATELESS,Without date; having no fixed time.
DATER,One who dates.
DATISCIN,A white crystalline glucoside extracted from the bastard hemp(Datisca
cannabina).
DATIVE,Noting the case of a noun which expresses the remoter object,and is
generally indicated in English by to or for with theobjective.
DATIVELY,As a gift. [R.]
DATOLITE,A borosilicate of lime commonly occuring in glassy,, greenishcrystals.
[Written also datholite.]
DATUM,The quantities or relations which are assumed to be given inany problem.
Datum line (Surv.), the horizontal or base line, fromwhich the heights of points
are reckoned or measured, as in the planof a railway, etc.
DATURA,A genus of solanaceous plants, with large funnel-shaped flowersand a four-
celled, capsular fruit.
DATURINE,Atropine; -- called also daturia and daturina.
DAUB,To smear; to play the flatterer.His conscience . . . will not daub nor
flatter. South.
DAUBER,A pad or ball of rags, covered over with canvas, for inkingplates; a dabber.
DAUBREELITE,A sulphide of chromium observed in some meteoric irons.
DAUBY,Smeary; viscous; glutinous; adhesive. "Dauby wax."
DAUGHTER-IN-LAW,The wife of one's son.
DAUGHTERLINESS,The state of a daughter, or the conduct becoming a daughter.
DAUGHTERLY,Becoming a daughter; filial.Sir Thomas liked her natural and dear
daughterly affection towardshim. Cavendish.
DAUK,See Dawk, v. t., to cut or gush.
DAUN,A variant of Dan, a title of honor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DAUNTER,One who daunts.
DAUNTLESS,Incapable of being daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless;intrepid.Dauntless
he rose, and to the fight returned. Dryden.-- Daunt"less*ly, adv.--
Daunt"less*ness, n.
DAUPHIN,The title of the eldest son of the king of France, and heir tothe crown.
Since the revolution of 1830, the title has beendiscontinued.
DAUW,The striped quagga, or Burchell's zebra, of South Africa(Asinus Burchellii);
-- called also peechi, or peetsi.
DAVENPORT,A kind of small writing table, generally somewhat ornamental,and forming
a piece of furniture for the parlor or boudoir.A much battered davenport in one of
the windows, at which sat a ladywriting. A. B. Edwards.
DAVIDIC,Of or pertaining to David, the king and psalmist of Israel, orto his
family.
DAVIT,Curved arms of timber or iron, projecting over a ship's side ofstern, having
tackle to raise or lower a boat, swing it in on deck,rig it out for lowering, etc.;
-- called also boat davits. Totten.
DAVY JONES,The spirit of the sea; sea devil; -- a term used by sailors.This same
Davy Jones, according to the mythology of sailors, is thefiend that presides over
all the evil spirits of the deep, and isseen in various shapes warning the devoted
wretch of death and woe.Smollett.Davy Jones's Locker, the ocean, or bottom of the
ocean.-- Gone to Davy Jones's Locker, dead, and buried in the sea; thrownoverboard.
DAVY LAMP,See Safety lamp, under Lamp.
DAVYNE,A variety of nephelite from Vesuvius.
DAVYUM,A rare metallic element found in platinum ore. It is a whitemalleable
substance. Symbol Da. Atomic weight 154.
DAW,A European bird of the Crow family (Corvus monedula), oftennesting in church
towers and ruins; a jackdaw.The loud daw, his throat displaying, draw The whole
assembly of hisfellow daws. Waller.
DAWDLE,To waste time in trifling employment; to trifle; to saunter.Come some
evening and dawdle over a dish of tea with me. Johnson.We . . . dawdle up and down
Pall Mall. Thackeray.
DAWDLER,One who wastes time in trifling employments; an idler; atrifler.
DAWE,Day. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DAWISH,Like a daw.
DAWK,See Dak.
DAWSONITE,A hydrous carbonate of alumina and soda, occuring in white,bladed
crustals.
DAY-COAL,The upper stratum of coal, as nearest the light or surface.
DAY-LABOR,Labor hired or performed by the day. Milton.
DAY-LABORER,One who works by the day; -- usually applied to a farm laborer,or to a
workman who does not work at any particular trade. Goldsmith.
DAY-NET,A net for catching small birds.
DAY-PEEP,The dawn. [Poetic] Milton.
DAYAKS,See Dyaks.
DAYBOOK,A journal of accounts; a primary record book in which arerecorded the debts
and credits, or accounts of the day, in theirorder, and from which they are
transferred to the journal.
DAYBREAK,The time of the first appearance of light in the morning.
DAYDREAM,A vain fancy speculation; a reverie; a castle in the air;unfounded
hope.Mrs. Lambert's little daydream was over. Thackeray.
DAYDREAMER,One given to draydreams.
DAYFLOWER,A genus consisting mostly of tropical perennial herbs(Commelina), having
ephemeral flowers.
DAYFLY,A neuropterous insect of the genus Ephemera and related genera,of many
species, and inhabiting fresh water in the larval state; theephemeral fly; -- so
called because it commonly lives but one day inthe winged or adult state. See
Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral.
DAYLIGHT,The eyes. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
DAYMAID,A dairymaid. [Obs.]
DAYMARE,A kind of incubus which occurs during wakefulness, attended bythe peculiar
pressure on the chest which characterizes nightmare.Dunglison.
DAYSMAN,An umpire or arbiter; a mediator.Neither is there any daysman betwixt us.
Job ix. 33.
DAYSPRING,The beginning of the day, or first appearance of light; thedawn; hence,
the beginning. Milton.The tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on
high hathvisited us. Luke i. 78.
DAYTIME,The time during which there is daylight, as distinguished fromthe night.
DAYWOMAN,A dairymaid. [Obs.]
DAZE,To stupefy with excess of light; with a blow, with cold, orwith fear; to
confuse; to benumb.While flashing beams do daze his feeble eyen. Spenser.Such
souls, Whose sudden visitations daze the world. Sir H. Taylor.He comes out of the
room in a dazed state, that is an odd though asufficient substitute for interest.
Dickens.
DAZZLE,A light of dazzling brilliancy.
DAZZLEMENT,Dazzling flash, glare, or burst of light. Donne.
DAZZLINGLY,In a dazzling manner.
DE BENE ESSE,Of well being; of formal sufficiency for the time;conditionally;
provisionally. Abbott.
DE FACTO,Actually; in fact; in reality; as, a king de facto, --distinguished from a
king de jure, or by right.
DE JURE,By right; of right; by law; -- often opposed to be facto.
DE RIGUEUR,According to strictness (of etiquette, rule, or the like);obligatory;
strictly required.
DE-,A prefix from Latin de down, from, away; as in debark, decline,decease, deduct,
decamp. In words from the French it is equivalent toLatin dis- apart, away; or
sometimes to de. Cf. Dis-. It is negativeand opposite in derange, deform, destroy,
etc. It is intensive indeprave, despoil, declare, desolate, etc.
DEACON,An officer in Christian churches appointed to perform certainsubordinate
duties varying in different communions. In the RomanCatholic and Episcopal
churches, a person admitted to the lowestorder in the ministry, subordinate to the
bishops and priests. InPresbyterian churches, he is subordinate to the minister and
elders,and has charge of certain duties connected with the communion serviceand the
care of the poor. In Congregational churches, he issubordinate to the pastor, and
has duties as in the Presbyterianchurch.
DEACONESS,A female deacon; as:(a) (Primitive Ch.) One of an order of women whose
duties resembledthose of deacons. (b) (Ch. of Eng. and Prot. Epis. Ch.)
DEACONHOOD,The state of being a deacon; office of a deacon; deaconship.
DEACONRY,See Deaconship.
DEACONSHIP,The office or ministry of a deacon or deaconess.
DEAD BEAT,See Beat, n., 7. [Low, U.S.]
DEAD,Cut off from the rights of a citizen; deprived of the power ofenjoying the
rights of property; as, one banished or becoming a monkis civilly dead.
DEAD-EYE,A round, flattish, wooden block, encircled by a rope, or aniron band, and
pierced with three holes to receive the lanyard; --used to extend the shrouds and
stays, and for other purposes. Calledalso deadman's eye. Totten.
DEAD-PAY,Pay drawn for soldiers, or others, really dead, whose names arekept on the
rolls.O you commanders, That, like me, have no dead-pays. Massinger.
DEAD-RECKONING,See under Dead, a.
DEAD-STROKE,Making a stroke without recoil; deadbeat. Dead-stroke hammer(Mach.), a
power hammer having a spring interposed between thedriving mechanism and the hammer
head, or helve, to lessen the recoilof the hammer and reduce the shock upon the
mechanism.
DEADBEAT,Making a beat without recoil; giving indications by a singlebeat or
excursion; -- said of galvanometers and other instruments inwhich the needle or
index moves to the extent of its deflection andstops with little or no further
oscillation. Deadbeat escapement. Seeunder Escapement.
DEADBORN,Stillborn. Pope.
DEADENER,One who, or that which, deadens or checks.
DEADHEAD,A buoy. See under Dead, a.
DEADHOUSE,A morgue; a place for the temporary reception and exposure ofdead bodies.
DEADISH,Somewhat dead, dull, or lifeless; deathlike.The lips put on a deadish
paleness. A. Stafford.
DEADLATCH,A kind of latch whose bolt may be so locked by a detent that itcan not be
opened from the inside by the handle, or from the outsideby the latch key. Knight.
DEADLIGHT,A strong shutter, made to fit open ports and keep out water ina storm.
DEADLIHOOD,State of the dead. [Obs.]
DEADLINESS,The quality of being deadly.
DEADNESS,The state of being destitute of life, vigor, spirit, activity,etc.;
dullness; inertness; languor; coldness; vapidness;indifference; as, the deadness of
a limb, a body, or a tree; thedeadness of an eye; deadness of the affections; the
deadness of beeror cider; deadness to the world, and the like.
DEADS,The substances which inclose the ore on every side.
DEADWOOD,A mass of timbers built into the bow and stern of a vessel togive
solidity.
DEADWORKS,The parts of a ship above the water when she is laden.
DEAF,To deafen. [Obs.] Dryden.
DEAF-MUTE,A person who is deaf and dumb; one who, through deprivation ordefect of
hearing, has either failed the acquire the power of speech,or has lost it. [See
Illust. of Dactylology.]Deaf-mutes are still so called, even when, by artificial
methods,they have been taught to speak imperfectly.
DEAF-MUTISM,The condition of being a deaf-mute.
DEAFEN,To render impervious to sound, as a partition or floor, byfilling the space
within with mortar, by lining with paper, etc.
DEAFENING,The act or process of rendering impervious to sound, as a flooror wall;
also, the material with which the spaces are filled in thisprocess; pugging.
DEAFLY,Without sense of sounds; obscurely.
DEAL,The division of a piece of timber made by sawing; a board orplank;
particularly, a board or plank of fir or pine above seveninches in width, and
exceeding six feet in length. If narrower thanthis, it is called a batten; if
shorter, a deal end.
DEALBATE,To whiten. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEALBATION,Act of bleaching; a whitening. [Obs.]
DEALFISH,A long, thin fish of the arctic seas (Trachypterus arcticus).
DEALING,The act of one who deals; distribution of anything, as of cardsto the
players; method of business; traffic; intercourse;transaction; as, to have dealings
with a person. Double dealing,insincere, treacherous dealing; duplicity.-- Plain
dealing, fair, sincere, honorable dealing; honest,outspoken expression of opinion.
DEALTH,Share dealt. [Obs.]
DEAMBULATE,To walk abroad. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEAMBULATION,A walking abroad; a promenading. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
DEAMBULATORY,Going about from place to place; wandering; of or pertaining toa
deambulatory. [Obs.] "Deambulatory actors." Bp. Morton.
DEANSHIP,The office of a dean.I dont't value your deanship a straw. Swift.
DEAR,A dear one; lover; sweetheart.That kiss I carried from thee, dear. Shak.
DEAR-BOUGHT,Bought at a high price; as, dear-bought experience.
DEAR-LOVED,Greatly beloved. Shak.
DEARBORN,A four-wheeled carriage, with curtained sides.
DEARE,variant of Dere, v. t. & n. [Obs.]
DEARIE,Same as Deary. Dickens.
DEARLING,A darling. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEARN,Secret; lonely; solitary; dreadful. [Obs.] Shak.-- Dearn"ly, adv. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
DEARTH,Scarcity which renders dear; want; lack; specifically, lack offood on
account of failure of crops; famine.There came a dearth over all the land of Egypt.
Acts vii. 11.He with her press'd, she faint with dearth. Shak.Dearth of plot, and
narrowness of imagination. Dryden.
DEARTICULATE,To disjoint.
DEARWORTH,Precious. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
DEARY,A dear; a darling. [Familiar]
DEAS,See Dais. [Scot.]
DEATH,Loss of spiritual life.To be death. Rom. viii. 6.
DEATHBED,The bed in which a person dies; hence, the closing hours oflife of one who
dies by sickness or the like; the last sickness.That often-quoted passage from Lord
Hervey in which the Queen'sdeathbed is described. Thackeray.
DEATHBIRD,Tengmalm's or Richardson's owl (Nyctale Tengmalmi); -- socalled from a
superstition of the North American Indians that itsnote presages death.
DEATHBLOW,A mortal or crushing blow; a stroke or event which kills ordestroys.The
deathblow of my hope. Byron.
DEATHFULNESS,Appearance of death. Jer. Taylor.
DEATHLESS,Not subject to death, destruction, or extinction; immortal;undying;
imperishable; as, deathless beings; deathless fame.
DEATHLINESS,The quality of being deathly; deadliness. Southey.
DEATHLY,Deadly; fatal; mortal; destructive.
DEATHSMAN,An executioner; a headsman or hangman. [Obs.] Shak.
DEATHWARD,Toward death.
DEAURATE,Gilded. [Obs.]
DEAURATION,Act of gilding. [Obs.]
DEAVE,To stun or stupefy with noise; to deafen. [Scot.]
DEBACCHATE,To rave as a bacchanal. [R.] Cockeram.
DEBACCHATION,Wild raving or debauchery. [R.] Prynne.
DEBACLE,A breaking or bursting forth; a violent rush or flood of waterswhich breaks
down opposing barriers, and hurls forward and dispersesblocks of stone and other
débris.
DEBAR,To cut off from entrance, as if by a bar or barrier; topreclude; to hinder
from approach, entry, or enjoyment; to shut outor exclude; to deny or refuse; --
with from, and sometimes with of.Yet not so strictly hath our Lord imposed Labor,
as to debar us whenwe need Refreshment. Milton.Their wages were so low as to debar
them, not only from the comfortsbut from the common decencies of civilized life.
Buckle.
DEBARB,To deprive of the beard. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEBARK,To go ashore from a ship or boat; to disembark; to put ashore.
DEBARKATION,Disembarkation.The debarkation, therefore, had to take place by small
steamers. U.S. Grant.
DEBARMENT,Hindrance from approach; exclusion.
DEBARRASS,To disembarrass; to relieve. [R.]
DEBASE,To reduce from a higher to a lower state or grade of worth,dignity, purity,
station, etc.; to degrade; to lower; to deteriorate;to abase; as, to debase the
character by crime; to debase the mind byfrivolity; to debase style by vulgar
words.The coin which was adulterated and debased. Hale.It is a kind of taking God's
name in vain to debase religion withsuch frivolous disputes. Hooker.And to debase
the sons, exalts the sires. Pope.
DEBASED,Turned upside down from its proper position; inverted;reversed.
DEBASEMENT,The act of debasing or the state of being debased. Milton.
DEBASER,One who, or that which, debases.
DEBASINGLY,In a manner to debase.
DEBATABLE,Liable to be debated; disputable; subject to controversy orcontention;
open to question or dispute; as, a debatable question.The Debatable Land or Ground,
a tract of land between the Esk and theSark, claimed by both England and Scotland;
the Batable Ground.
DEBATEFUL,Full of contention; contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEBATEFULLY,With contention. [Obs.]
DEBATEMENT,Controversy; deliberation; debate. [R.]A serious question and debatement
with myself. Milton.
DEBATER,One who debates; one given to argument; a disputant; acontrovertist.Debate
where leisure serves with dull debaters. Shak.
DEBATING,The act of discussing or arguing; discussion. Debating societyor club, a
society or club for the purpose of debate and improvementin extemporaneous
speaking.
DEBATINGLY,In the manner of a debate.
DEBAUCH,To lead away from purity or excellence; to corrupt in characteror
principles; to mar; to vitiate; to pollute; to seduce; as, todebauch one's self by
intemperance; to debauch a woman; to debauch anarmy.Learning not debauched by
ambition. Burke.A man must have got his conscience thoroughly debauched and
hardenedbefore he can arrive to the height of sin. South.Her pride debauched her
judgment and her eyes. Cowley.
DEBAUCHED,Dissolute; dissipated. "A coarse and debauched look." Ld.Lytton.
DEBAUCHEDLY,In a profligate manner.
DEBAUCHEDNESS,The state of being debauched; intemperance. Bp. Hall.
DEBAUCHEE,One who is given to intemperance or bacchanalian excesses; aman
habitually lewd; a libertine.
DEBAUCHER,One who debauches or corrupts others; especially, a seducer tolewdness.
DEBAUCHMENT,The act of corrupting; the act of seducing from virtue or duty.
DEBAUCHNESS,Debauchedness. [Obs.]
DEBEIGE,A kind of woolen or mixed dress goods. [Written also debage.]
DEBEL,To conquer. [Obs.] Milton.
DEBELLATE,To subdue; to conquer in war. [Obs.] Speed.
DEBELLATION,The act of conquering or subduing. [Obs.]
DEBENTURE STOCK,The debt or series of debts, collectively, represented by aseries
of debentures; a debt secured by a trust deed of property forthe benefit of the
holders of shares in the debt or of a series ofdebentures. By the terms of much
debenture stock the holders are notentitled to demand payment until the winding up
of the company ordefault in payment; in the winding up of the company or default
inpayment; in the case of railway debentures, they cannot demandpayment of the
principal, and the debtor company cannot redeem thestock, except by authority of an
act of Parliament. [Eng.]
DEBENTURED,Entitled to drawback or debenture; as, debentured goods.
DEBILE,Weak. [Obs.] Shak.
DEBILITANT,Diminishing the energy of organs; reducing excitement; as, adebilitant
drug.
DEBILITATE,To impair the strength of; to weaken; to enfeeble; as, todebilitate the
body by intemperance.Various ails debilitate the mind. Jenyns.The debilitated frame
of Mr. Bertram was exhausted by this lasteffort. Sir W. Scott.
DEBILITATION,The act or process of debilitating, or the condition of one whois
debilitated; weakness.
DEBILITY,The state of being weak; weakness; feebleness; languor.The inconveniences
of too strong a perspiration, which are debility,faintness, and sometimes sudden
death. Arbuthnot.
DEBIT,A debt; an entry on the debtor (Dr.) side of an account; --mostly used
adjectively; as, the debit side of an account.
DEBITOR,A debtor. [Obs.] Shak.
DEBITUMINIZATION,The act of depriving of bitumen.
DEBITUMINIZE,To deprive of bitumen.
DEBLAI,The cavity from which the earth for parapets, etc. (remblai),is taken.
DEBONAIR,Characterized by courteousness, affability, or gentleness; ofgood
appearance and manners; graceful; complaisant.Was never prince so meek and
debonair. Spenser.
DEBONAIRITY,Debonairness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEBONAIRLY,Courteously; elegantly.
DEBONAIRNESS,The quality of being debonair; good humor; gentleness;courtesy.
Sterne.
DEBOSH,To debauch. [Obs.] "A deboshed lady." Beau. & Fl.
DEBOSHMENT,Debauchment. [Obs.]
DEBOUCH,To march out from a wood, defile, or other confined spot, intoopen ground;
to issue.Battalions debouching on the plain. Prescott.
DEBOUCHE,A place for exit; an outlet; hence, a market for goods.The débouchés were
ordered widened to afford easy egress. TheCentury.
DEBOUCHURE,The outward opening of a river, of a valley, or of a strait.
DEBRIS,Broken and detached fragments, taken collectively; especially,fragments
detached from a rock or mountain, and piled up at the base.
DEBRUISED,Surmounted by an ordinary; as, a lion is debruised when a bendor other
ordinary is placed over it, as in the cut.The lion of England and the lilies of
France without the batonsinister, under which, according to the laws of heraldry,
they wheredebruised in token of his illegitimate birth. Macaulay.
DEBT,An action at law to recover a certain specified sum of moneyalleged to be due.
Burrill. Bond debt, Book debt, etc. See underBond, Book, etc.-- Debt of nature,
death.
DEBTED,Indebted; obliged to. [R.]I stand debted to this gentleman. Shak.
DEBTEE,One to whom a debt is due; creditor; -- correlative to debtor.Blackstone.
DEBTLESS,Free from debt. Chaucer.
DEBTOR,One who owes a debt; one who is indebted; -- correlative tocreditor.[I 'll]
bring your latter hazard back again, And thankfully restdebtor for the first.
Shak.In Athens an insolvent debtor became slave to his creditor. Mitford.Debtors
for our lives to you. Tennyson.
DEBULLIATE,To boil over. [Obs.]
DEBULLITION,A bubbling or boiling over. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEBURSE,To disburse. [Obs.] Ludlow.
DEBUSCOPE,A modification of the kaleidoscope; -- used to reflect imagesso as to
form beautiful designs.
DEBUT,A beginning or first attempt; hence, a first appearance beforethe public, as
of an actor or public speaker.
DECA-,A prefix, from Gr. de`ka, signifying ten; specifically (MetricSystem), a
prefix signifying the weight or measure that is ten timesthe principal unit.
DECACERATA,The division of Cephalopoda which includes the squids,cuttlefishes, and
others having ten arms or tentacles; -- called alsoDecapoda. [Written also
Decacera.] See Dibranchiata.
DECACUMINATED,Having the point or top cut off. [Obs.] Bailey.
DECAD,A decade.Averill was a decad and a half his elder. Tennyson.
DECADAL,Pertaining to ten; consisting of tens.
DECADE,A group or division of ten; esp., a period of ten years; adecennium; as, a
decade of years or days; a decade of soldiers; thesecond decade of Livy. [Written
also decad.]During this notable decade of years. Gladstone.
DECADENT,Decaying; deteriorating.
DECADIST,A writer of a book divided into decades; as, Livy was adecadist. [R.]
DECAGON,A plane figure having ten sides and ten angles; any figurehaving ten
angles. A regular decagon is one that has all its sidesand angles equal.
DECAGONAL,Pertaining to a decagon; having ten sides.
DECAGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants characterized by having ten styles.
DECAHEDRAL,Having ten sides.
DECAHEDRON,A solid figure or body inclosed by ten plane surfaces. [Writtenalso,
less correctly, decaedron.]
DECALCIFICATION,The removal of calcareous matter.
DECALCIFY,To deprive of calcareous matter; thus, to decalcify bones is toremove the
stony part, and leave only the gelatin.
DECALOG,Decalogue.
DECALOGIST,One who explains the decalogue. J. Gregory.
DECALOGUE,The Ten Commandments or precepts given by God to Moses on MountSinai, and
originally written on two tables of stone.
DECAMERON,A celebrated collection of tales, supposed to be related in tendays; --
written in the 14th century, by Boccaccio, an Italian.
DECAMPMENT,Departure from a camp; a marching off.
DECANAL,Pertaining to a dean or deanery.His rectorial as well as decanal residence.
Churton.Decanal side, the side of the choir on which the dean's tall isplaced.--
Decanal stall, the stall allotted to the dean in the choir, onthe right or south
side of the chancel. Shipley.
DECANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants characterized by having ten stamens.
DECANE,A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H22, of the paraffin series, includingseveral
isomeric modifications.
DECANGULAR,Having ten angles.
DECANI,Used of the side of the choir on which the dean's stall isplaced; decanal;
-- correlative to cantoris; as, the decanal, ordecani, side.
DECANT,To pour off gently, as liquor, so as not to disturb thesediment; or to pour
from one vessel into another; as, to decantwine.
DECANTATE,To decant. [Obs.]
DECANTATION,The act of pouring off a clear liquor gently from its lees orsediment,
or from one vessel into another.
DECAPHYLLOUS,Having ten leaves.
DECAPITATION,The act of beheading; beheading.
DECAPOD,A crustacean with ten feet or legs, as a crab; one of theDecapoda. Also
used adjectively.
DECAPODA,The order of Crustacea which includes the shrimps, lobsters,crabs, etc.
DECARBONATE,To deprive of carbonic acid.
DECARBONIZATION,The action or process of depriving a substance of carbon.
DECARBONIZE,To deprive of carbon; as, to decarbonize steel; to decarbonizethe
blood. Decarbonized iron. See Malleable iron.-- Decarbonized steel, homogenous
wrought iron made by a steelprocess, as that of Bessemer; ingot iron.
DECARBONIZER,He who, or that which, decarbonizes a substance.
DECARBURIZATION,The act, process, or result of decarburizing.
DECARBURIZE,To deprive of carbon; to remove the carbon from.
DECARD,To discard. [Obs.]You have cast those by, decarded them. J. Fletcher.
DECARDINALIZE,To depose from the rank of cardinal.
DECASTERE,A measure of capacity, equal to ten steres, or ten cubicmeters.
DECASTICH,A poem consisting of ten lines.
DECASTYLE,Having ten columns in front; -- said of a portico, temple, etc.-- n.
DECASYLLABIC,Having, or consisting of, ten syllables.
DECATHLON,In the modern Olympic Games, a composite contest consisting ofa 100-meter
run, a broad jump, putting the shot, a running high-jump,a 400-meter run, throwing
the discus, a 100-meter hurdle race, polevaulting, throwing the javelin, and a
1500-meter run.
DECATOIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, decane.
DECAY,To pass gradually from a sound, prosperous, or perfect state,to one of
imperfection, adversity, or dissolution; to waste away; todecline; to fail; to
become weak, corrupt, or disintegrated; to rot;to perish; as, a tree decays;
fortunes decay; hopes decay.Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where
wealthaccumulates and men decay. Goldsmith.
DECAYED,Fallen, as to physical or social condition; affected withdecay; rotten; as,
decayed vegetation or vegetables; a decayedfortune or gentleman.-- De*cay"ed*ness,
n.
DECAYER,A causer of decay. [R.]
DECEASE,Departure, especially departure from this life; death.His decease, which he
should accomplish at Jerusalem. Luke ix. 31.And I, the whilst you mourn for his
decease, Will with my mourningplaints your plaint increase. Spenser.
DECEASED,Passed away; dead; gone. The deceased, the dead person.
DECEDE,To withdraw. [Obs.] Fuller.
DECEDENT,Removing; departing. Ash.
DECEIT,Any trick, collusion, contrivance, false representation, orunderhand
practice, used to defraud another. When injury is therebyeffected, an action of
deceit, as it called, lies for compensation.
DECEITFUL,Full of, or characterized by, deceit; serving to mislead orinsnare;
trickish; fraudulent; cheating; insincere.Harboring foul deceitful thoughts. Shak.
DECEITFULLY,With intent to deceive.
DECEITLESS,Free from deceit. Bp. Hall.
DECEIVABLY,In a deceivable manner.
DECEIVER,One who deceives; one who leads into error; a cheat; animpostor.The
deceived and the deceiver are his. Job xii. 16.
DECEMBRIST,One of those who conspired for constitutional governmentagainst the
Emperor Nicholas on his accession to the throne at thedeath of Alexander I., in
December, 1825; -- called also Dekabrist.
DECEMDENTATE,Having ten points or teeth.
DECEMFID,Cleft into ten parts.
DECEMLOCULAR,Having ten cells for seeds.
DECEMPEDAL,Having ten feet; decapodal. [R.] Bailey.
DECEMVIRAL,Pertaining to the decemvirs in Rome.
DECEMVIRSHIP,The office of a decemvir. Holland.
DECENCE,Decency. [Obs.] Dryden.
DECENE,One of the higher hydrocarbons, C10H20, of the ethylene series.
DECENNARY,A tithing consisting of ten neighboring families. Burrill.
DECENNIAL,Consisting of ten years; happening every ten years; as, adecennial
period; decennial games. Hallam.
DECENNIUM,A period of ten years. "The present decennium." Hallam. "Thelast
decennium of Chaucer's life." A. W. Ward.
DECENTRALIZATION,The action of decentralizing, or the state of beingdecentralized.
"The decentralization of France." J. P. Peters.
DECENTRALIZE,To prevent from centralizing; to cause to withdraw from thecenter or
place of concentration; to divide and distribute (what hasbeen united or
concentrated); -- esp. said of authority, or theadministration of public affairs.
DECEPTIBLE,Capable of being deceived; deceivable. Sir T. Browne.--
De*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (, n.
DECEPTIOUS,Tending deceive; delusive. [R.]As if those organs had deceptious
functions. Shak.
DECEPTIVE,Tending to deceive; having power to mislead, or impress withfalse
opinions; as, a deceptive countenance or appearance.Language altogether deceptive,
and hiding the deeper reality from oureyes. Trench.Deceptive cadence (Mus.), a
cadence on the subdominant, or in someforeign key, postponing the final close.
DECEPTIVELY,In a manner to deceive.
DECEPTIVENESS,The power or habit of deceiving; tendency or aptness todeceive.
DECEPTIVITY,Deceptiveness; a deception; a sham. [R.] Carlyle.
DECEPTORY,Deceptive. [R.]
DECERN,To decree; to adjudge.
DECERNITURE,A decree or sentence of a court. Stormonth.
DECERP,To pluck off; to crop; to gather. [Obs.]
DECERPT,Plucked off or away. [Obs.]
DECERPTIBLE,That may be plucked off, cropped, or torn away. [Obs.] Bailey.
DECERTATION,Contest for mastery; contention; strife. [R.] Arnway.
DECESSION,Departure; decrease; -- opposed to accesion. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
DECHARM,To free from a charm; to disenchant.
DECHRISTIANIZE,To turn from, or divest of, Christianity.
DECIARE,A measure of area, the tenth part of an are; ten square meters.
DECIDABLE,Capable of being decided; determinable.
DECIDE,To determine; to form a definite opinion; to come to aconclusion; to give
decision; as, the court decided in favor of thedefendant.Who shall decide, when
doctors disagree Pope.
DECIDEDLY,In a decided manner; indisputably; clearly; thoroughly.
DECIDEMENT,Means of forming a decision. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DECIDENCE,A falling off. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DECIDER,One who decides.
DECIDUA,The inner layer of the wall of the uterus, which envelops theembryo, forms
a part of the placenta, and is discharged with it.
DECIDUATA,A group of Mammalia in which a decidua is thrown off with, orafter, the
fetus, as in the human species.
DECIDUATE,Possessed of, or characterized by, a decidua.
DECIDUITY,Deciduousness. [R.]
DECIDUOUS,Falling off, or subject to fall or be shed, at a certainseason, or a
certain stage or interval of growth, as leaves (exceptof evergreens) in autumn, or
as parts of animals, such as hair,teeth, antlers, etc.; also, shedding leaves or
parts at certainseasons, stages, or intervals; as, deciduous trees; the
deciduousmembrane.
DECIDUOUSNESS,The quality or state of being deciduous.
DECILLION,According to the English notation, a million involved to thetenth power,
or a unit with sixty ciphers annexed; according to theFrench and American notation,
a thousand involved to the eleventhpower, or a unit with thirty-three ciphers
annexed. [See the Noteunder Numeration.]
DECILLIONTH,Pertaining to a decillion, or to the quotient of unity dividedby a
decillion.
DECIMAL,Of or pertaining to decimals; numbered or proceeding by tens;having a
tenfold increase or decrease, each unit being ten times theunit next smaller; as,
decimal notation; a decimal coinage. Decimalarithmetic, the common arithmetic, in
which numeration proceeds bytens.-- Decimal fraction, a fraction in which the
denominator is somepower of 10, as -- Decimal point, a dot or full stop at the left
of adecimal fraction. The figures at the left of the point representunits or whole
numbers, as 1.05.
DECIMALISM,The system of a decimal currency, decimal weights, measures,etc.
DECIMALIZE,To reduce to a decimal system; as, to decimalize the currency.--
Dec`i*mal*i*za"tion, n.
DECIMALLY,By tens; by means of decimals.
DECIMATOR,One who decimates. South.
DECIME,A French coin, the tenth part of a franc, equal to about twocents.
DECIMOSEXTO,A book consisting of sheets, each of which is folded intosixteen
leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size ofbook; -- usually
written 16mo or 16º.
DECINE,One of the higher hydrocarbons, C10H15, of the acetyleneseries; -- called
also decenylene.
DECIPHERABLE,Capable of being deciphered; as, old writings not decipherable.
DECIPHERER,One who deciphers.
DECIPHERESS,A woman who deciphers.
DECIPHERMENT,The act of deciphering.
DECIPIENCY,State of being deceived; hallucination. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DECIPIUM,A supposed rare element, said to be associated with cerium,yttrium, etc.,
in the mineral samarskite, and more recently calledsamarium. Symbol Dp. See
Samarium.
DECISORY,Able to decide or determine; having a tendency to decide. [R.]
DECISTERE,The tenth part of the stere or cubic meter, equal to 3.531cubic feet. See
Stere.
DECITIZENIZE,To deprive of the rights of citizenship. [R.]We have no law -- as the
French have -- to decitizenize a citizen.Edw. Bates.
DECIVILIZE,To reduce from civilization to a savage state. [R.] Blackwood'sMag.
DECK,The upper part or top of a mansard roof or curb roof when madenearly flat.
DECKEL,Same as Deckle.
DECKLE EDGE,The rough, untrimmed edge of paper left by the deckle; also, arough
edge in imitation of this.
DECKLE,A separate thin wooden frame used to form the border of a handmold, or a
curb of India rubber or other material which rests on, andforms the edge of, the
mold in a paper machine and determines thewidth of the paper. [Spelt also deckel,
and deckle.]
DECKLE-EDGED,Having a deckle edge; as, deckle-edged paper; a deckle-edgedbook.
DECLAIMANT,A declaimer. [R.]
DECLAIMER,One who declaims; an haranguer.
DECLAMATOR,A declaimer. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.
DECLARABLE,Capable of being declared. Sir T. Browne.
DECLARANT,One who declares. Abbott.
DECLARATION,That part of the process in which the plaintiff sets forth inorder and
at large his cause of complaint; the narration of theplaintiff's case containing
the count, or counts. See Count, n., 3.Declaration of Independence. (Amer. Hist.)
See under Independence.-- Declaration of rights. (Eng. Hist) See Bill of rights,
underBill.-- Declaration of trust (Law), a paper subscribed by a grantee
ofproperty, acknowledging that he holds it in trust for the purposesand upon the
terms set forth. Abbott.
DECLARATIVE,Making declaration, proclamation, or publication;
explanatory;assertive; declaratory. "Declarative laws." Baker.The "vox populi," so
declarative on the same side. Swift.
DECLARATIVELY,By distinct assertion; not impliedly; in the form of adeclaration.The
priest shall expiate it, that is, declaratively. Bates.
DECLARATOR,A form of action by which some right or interest is sought tobe
judicially declared.
DECLARATORILY,In a declaratory manner.
DECLARATORY,Making declaration, explanation, or exhibition; making clear
ormanifest; affirmative; expressive; as, a clause declaratory of thewill of the
legislature. Declaratory act (Law), an act or statutewhich sets forth more clearly,
and declares what is, the existinglaw.
DECLARE,To make full statement of, as goods, etc., for the purpose ofpaying taxes,
duties, etc. To declare off, to recede from anagreement, undertaking, contract,
etc.; to renounce.-- To declare one's self, to avow one's opinion; to show openly
whatone thinks, or which side he espouses.
DECLAREDLY,Avowedly; explicitly.
DECLAREDNESS,The state of being declared.
DECLAREMENT,Declaration. [Obs.]
DECLARER,One who makes known or proclaims; that which exhibits. Udall.
DECLASS,To remove from a class; to separate or degrade from one'sclass. North Am.
Rev.
DECLENSIONAL,Belonging to declension.Declensional and syntactical forms. M. Arnold.
DECLINABLE,Capable of being declined; admitting of declension orinflection; as,
declinable parts of speech.
DECLINAL,Declining; sloping.
DECLINATE,Bent downward or aside; (Bot.) bending downward in a curve;declined.
DECLINATION,The angular distance of any object from the celestial equator,either
northward or southward.
DECLINATORY,Containing or involving a declination or refusal, as ofsubmission to a
charge or sentence. Blackstone. Declinatory plea (O.Eng. Law), the plea of
sanctuary or of benefit of clergy, beforetrial or conviction; -- now abolished.
DECLINATURE,The act of declining or refusing; as, the declinature of anoffice.
DECLINE,To inflect, or rehearse in order the changes of grammaticalform of; as, to
decline a noun or an adjective.
DECLINED,Declinate.
DECLINER,He who declines or rejects.A studious decliner of honors. Evelyn.
DECLINOMETER,An instrument for measuring the declination of the magneticneedle.
DECLINOUS,Declinate.
DECOCTIBLE,Capable of being boiled or digested.
DECOCTURE,A decoction. [R.]
DECOHERER,A device for restoring a coherer to its normal condition afterit has been
affected by an electric wave, a process usuallyaccomplished by some method of
tapping or shaking, or by rotation ofthe coherer.
DECOLLATE,To sever from the neck; to behead; to decapitate.The decollated head of
St. John the Baptist. Burke.
DECOLLATED,Decapitated; worn or cast off in the process of growth, as theapex of
certain univalve shells.
DECOLLETAGE,The upper border or part of a décolleté corsage.
DECOLLETE,Leaving the neck and shoulders uncovered; cut low in the neck,or low-
necked, as a dress.
DECOLLING,Beheading. [R.]By a speedy dethroning and decolling of the king.
ParliamentaryHistory (1648).
DECOLOR,To deprive of color; to bleach.
DECOLORANT,A substance which removes color, or bleaches.
DECOLORATE,Deprived of color.
DECOLORATION,The removal or absence of color. Ferrand.
DECOLORIZE,To deprive of color; to whiten. Turner.-- De*col`or*i*za"tion, n.
DECOMPLEX,Repeatedly compound; made up of complex constituents.
DECOMPOSABLE,Capable of being resolved into constituent elements.
DECOMPOSE,To separate the constituent parts of; to resolve into originalelements;
to set free from previously existing forms of chemicalcombination; to bring to
dissolution; to rot or decay.
DECOMPOSED,Separated or broken up; -- said of the crest of birds when thefeathers
are divergent.
DECOMPOSITE,See Decompound, a., 2.
DECOMPOUND,Several times compounded or divided, as a leaf or stem;decomposite.
DECOMPOUNDABLE,Capable of being decompounded.
DECONCENTRATE,To withdraw from concentration; to decentralize. [R.]
DECONCENTRATION,Act of deconcentrating. [R.]
DECONCOCT,To decompose. [R.] Fuller.
DECONSECRATE,To deprive of sacredness; to secularize.-- De*con`se*cra"tion, n.
DECORAMENT,Ornament. [Obs.] Bailey.
DECORATE,To deck with that which is becoming, ornamental, or honorary;to adorn; to
beautify; to embellish; as, to decorate the person; todecorate an edifice; to
decorate a lawn with flowers; to decorate themind with moral beauties; to decorate
a hero with honors.Her fat neck was ornamented with jewels, rich bracelets
decorated herarms. Thackeray.
DECORATION DAY,= Memorial Day. [U. S.]
DECORATIVE,Suited to decorate or embellish; adorning.-- Dec"o*ra*tive*ness, n.
Decorative art, fine art which has for itsend ornamentation, rather than the
representation of objects orevents.
DECORATOR,One who decorates, adorns, or embellishes; specifically, anartisan whose
business is the decoration of houses, esp. theirinterior decoration.
DECORE,To decorate; to beautify. [Obs.]To decore and beautify the house of God. E.
Hall.
DECOREMENT,Ornament. [Obs.]
DECOROUS,Suitable to a character, or to the time, place, and occasion;marked with
decorum; becoming; proper; seemly; befitting; as, adecorous speech; decorous
behavior; a decorous dress for a judge.A decorous pretext the war. Motley.--
De*co"rous*ly, adv.-- De*co"rous*ness, n.
DECORTICATE,To divest of the bark, husk, or exterior coating; to husk; topeel; to
hull. "Great barley dried and decorticated." Arbuthnot.
DECORTICATION,The act of stripping off the bark, rind, hull, or outer coat.
DECORTICATOR,A machine for decorticating wood, hulling grain, etc.; also,
aninstrument for removing surplus bark or moss from fruit trees.
DECORUM,Propriety of manner or conduct; grace arising from suitablenessof speech
and behavior to one's own character, or to the place andoccasion; decency of
conduct; seemliness; that which is seemly orsuitable.Negligent of the duties and
decorums of his station. Hallam.If your master Would have a queen his beggar, you
must tell him, Thatmajesty, to keep decorum, must No less beg than a kingdom. Shak.
DECOY,To lead into danger by artifice; to lure into a net or snare;to entrap; to
insnare; to allure; to entice; as, to decoy troops intoan ambush; to decoy ducks
into a net.Did to a lonely cot his steps decoy. Thomson.E'en while fashion's
brightest arts decoy, The heart, distrusting,asks if this be joy. Goldsmith.
DECOY-DUCK,A duck used to lure wild ducks into a decoy; hence, a personemployed to
lure others into danger. Beau. & Fl.
DECOY-MAN,A man employed in decoying wild fowl.
DECOYER,One who decoys another.
DECREASE,To grow less, -- opposed to increase; to be diminishedgradually, in size,
degree, number, duration, etc., or in strength,quality, or excellence; as, they
days decrease in length from June toDecember.He must increase, but I must decrease.
John iii. 30.
DECREASELESS,Suffering no decrease. [R.]It [the river] flows and flows, and yet
will flow, Volumedecreaseless to the final hour. A. Seward.
DECREASING,Becoming less and less; diminishing.-- De*creas"ing*ly, adv. Decreasing
series (Math.), a series inwhich each term is numerically smaller than the
preceding term.
DECREATION,Destruction; -- opposed to creation. [R.] Cudworth.
DECREE,An edict or law made by a council for regulating any businesswithin their
jurisdiction; as, the decrees of ecclesiasticalcouncils.
DECREEABLE,Capable of being decreed.
DECREER,One who decrees. J. Goodwin.
DECREET,The final judgment of the Court of Session, or of an inferiorcourt, by
which the question at issue is decided.
DECREMENT,A name given by Haüy to the successive diminution of the layersof
molecules, applied to the faces of the primitive form, by which hesupposed the
secondary forms to be produced.
DECREPIT,Broken down with age; wasted and enfeebled by the infirmitiesof old age;
feeble; worn out. "Beggary or decrepit age." Milton.Already decrepit with premature
old age. Motley.
DECREPITATE,To roast or calcine so as to cause a crackling noise; as, todecrepitate
salt.
DECREPITATION,The act of decrepitating; a crackling noise, such as salt makeswhen
roasting.
DECREPITNESS,Decrepitude. [R.] Barrow.
DECREPITUDE,The broken state produced by decay and the infirmities of age;infirm
old age.
DECRESCENDO,With decreasing volume of sound; -- a direction to performers,either
written upon the staff (abbreviated Dec., or Decresc.), orindicated by the sign.
DECRESCENT,Becoming less by gradual diminution; decreasing; as, adecrescent moon.
DECRETAL,Appertaining to a decree; containing a decree; as, a decretalepistle.
Ayliffe.
DECRETE,A decree. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DECRETION,A decrease. [Obs.] Pearson.
DECRETIST,One who studies, or professes the knowledge of, the decretals.
DECRETIVE,Having the force of a decree; determining.The will of God is either
decretive or perceptive. Bates.
DECRETORIAL,Decretory; authoritative. Sir T. Browne.
DECRETORILY,In a decretory or definitive manner; by decree.
DECREW,To decrease. [Obs.] Spenser.
DECRIAL,A crying down; a clamorous censure; condemnation by censure.
DECRIER,One who decries.
DECROWN,To deprive of a crown; to discrown. [R.] Hakewill.
DECRUSTATION,The removal of a crust.
DECRY,To cry down; to censure as faulty, mean, or worthless; toclamor against; to
blame clamorously; to discredit; to disparage.For small errors they whole plays
decry. Dryden.Measures which are extolled by one half of the kingdom are
naturallydecried by the other. Addison.
DECUBATION,Act of lying down; decumbence. [Obs.] Evelyn.
DECUBITUS,An attitude assumed in lying down; as, the dorsal decubitus.
DECUMAN,Large; chief; -- applied to an extraordinary billow, supposedby some to be
every tenth in order. [R.] Also used substantively."Such decuman billows." Gauden.
"The baffled decuman." Lowell.
DECUMBENT,Reclining on the ground, as if too weak to stand, and tendingto rise at
the summit or apex; as, a decumbent stem. Gray.
DECUMBENTLY,In a decumbent posture.
DECUMBITURE,Aspect of the heavens at the time of taking to one's sick bed,by which
the prognostics of recovery or death were made.
DECUPLE,Tenfold. [R.]
DECURION,A head or chief over ten; especially, an officer who commandeda division
of ten soldiers.
DECURIONATE,The office of a decurion.
DECURRENCE,The act of running down; a lapse. [R.] Gauden.
DECURRENT,Extending downward; -- said of a leaf whose base extendsdownward and
forms a wing along the stem.-- De*cur"rent*ly, adv.
DECURSION,A flowing; also, a hostile incursion. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
DECURSIVE,Running down; decurrent.
DECURSIVELY,In a decursive manner. Decursively pinnate (Bot.), having theleaflets
decurrent, or running along the petiole; -- said of a leaf.
DECURT,To cut short; to curtail. [Obs.] Bale.
DECURTATION,Act of cutting short. [Obs.]
DECURY,A set or squad of ten men under a decurion. Sir W. Raleigh.
DECUSSATE,To cross at an acute angle; to cut or divide in the form of X;to
intersect; -- said of lines in geometrical figures, rays of light,nerves, etc.
DECUSSATELY,In a decussate manner.
DECUSSATION,Act of crossing at an acute angle, or state of being thuscrossed; an
intersection in the form of an X; as, the decussation oflines, nerves, etc.
DECUSSATIVE,Intersecting at acute angles. Sir T. Browne.
DECUSSATIVELY,Crosswise; in the form of an X. "Anointed decussatively." SirT.
Browne.
DECYL,A hydrocarbon radical, C10H21, never existing alone, butregarded as the
characteristic constituent of a number of compoundsof the paraffin series.
DECYLIC,Allied to, or containing, the radical decyl.
DEDALIAN,See Dædalian.
DEDALOUS,See Dædalous.
DEDANS,A division, at one end of a tennis court, for spectators.
DEDE,Dead. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEDECORATE,To bring to shame; to disgrace. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEDECORATION,Disgrace; dishonor. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEDECOROUS,Disgraceful; unbecoming. [R.] Bailey.
DEDENTITION,The shedding of teeth. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DEDICATE,Dedicated; set apart; devoted; consecrated. "Dedicate tonothing temporal."
Shak.
DEDICATEE,One to whom a thing is dedicated; -- correlative to dedicator.
DEDICATOR,One who dedicates; more especially, one who inscribes a book tothe favor
of a patron, or to one whom he desires to compliment.
DEDICATORIAL,Dedicatory.
DEDICATORY,Constituting or serving as a dedication; complimental. "Anepistle
dedicatory." Dryden.
DEDIMUS,A writ to commission private persons to do some act in place ofa judge, as
to examine a witness, etc. Bouvier.
DEDITION,The act of yielding; surrender. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
DEDOLENT,Feeling no compunction; apathetic. [R.] Hallywell.
DEDUCEMENT,Inference; deduction; thing deduced. [R.] Dryden.
DEDUCIBILITY,Deducibleness.
DEDUCIBLENESS,The quality of being deducible; deducibility.
DEDUCIBLY,By deduction.
DEDUCIVE,That deduces; inferential.
DEDUCTIVE,Of or pertaining to deduction; capable of being deduced frompremises;
deducible.All knowledge of causes is deductive. Glanvill.Notions and ideas . . .
used in a deductive process. Whewell.
DEDUCTIVELY,By deduction; by way of inference; by consequence. Sir T.Browne.
DEDUCTOR,The pilot whale or blackfish.
DEDUIT,Delight; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEDUPLICATION,The division of that which is morphologically one organ intotwo or
more, as the division of an organ of a plant into a pair orcluster.
DEED POLL,A deed of one part, or executed by only one party, anddistinguished from
an indenture by having the edge of the parchmentor paper cut even, or polled as it
was anciently termed, instead ofbeing indented. Burrill.
DEED,Dead. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEEDFUL,Full of deeds or exploits; active; stirring. [R.] "A deedfullife."
Tennyson.
DEEDLESS,Not performing, or not having performed, deeds or
exploits;inactive.Deedless in his tongue. Shak.
DEEDY,Industrious; active. [R.] Cowper.
DEEM,Opinion; judgment. [Obs.] Shak.
DEEMSTER,A judge in the Isle of Man who decides controversies withoutprocess.
Cowell.
DEEP,To a great depth; with depth; far down; profoundly; deeply.Deep-versed in
books, and shallow in himself. Milton.Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.
Pope.
DEEP-FET,Deeply fetched or drawn. [Obs.] "Deep-fet groans." Shak.
DEEP-LAID,Laid deeply; formed with cunning and sagacity; as, deep-laidplans.
DEEP-MOUTHED,Having a loud and sonorous voice. "Deep-mouthed dogs." Dryden.
DEEP-READ,Profoundly book-learned. "Great writers and deep-read men."L'Estrange.
DEEP-SEA,Of or pertaining to the deeper parts of the sea; as, a deep-sealine (i.
e., a line to take soundings at a great depth); deep-sealead; deep-sea soundings,
explorations, etc.
DEEP-WAISTED,Having a deep waist, as when, in a ship, the poop andforecastle are
much elevated above the deck.
DEEPEN,To become deeper; as, the water deepens at every cast of thelead; the plot
deepens.His blood-red tresses deepening in the sun. Byron.
DEER,A ruminant of the genus Cervus, of many species, and of relatedgenera of the
family Cervidæ. The males, and in some species thefemales, have solid antlers,
often much branched, which are shedannually. Their flesh, for which they are
hunted, is called venison.
DEER-NECK,A deerlike, or thin, ill-formed neck, as of a horse.
DEERBERRY,A shrub of the blueberry group (Vaccinium stamineum); also, itsbitter,
greenish white berry; -- called also squaw huckleberry.
DEERGRASS,An American genus (Rhexia) of perennial herbs, with oppositeleaves, and
showy flowers (usually bright purple), with four petalsand eight stamens, -- the
only genus of the order Melastomaceæinhabiting a temperate clime.
DEERHOUND,One of a large and fleet breed of hounds used in hunting deer;a
staghound.
DEERLET,A chevrotain. See Kanchil, and Napu.
DEERSKIN,The skin of a deer, or the leather which is made from it.Hakluyt.
Longfellow.
DEERSTALKER,One who practices deerstalking.
DEERSTALKING,The hunting of deer on foot, by stealing upon them unawares.
DEES,Dice. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEESIS,An invocation of, or address to, the Supreme Being.
DEESS,A goddess. [Obs.] Croft.
DEEV,See Dev.
DEFACE,To destroy; to make null. [Obs.][Profane scoffing] doth . . . deface the
reverence of religion.Bacon.For all his power was utterly defaste [defaced].
Spenser.
DEFACER,One who, or that which, defaces or disfigures.
DEFAIL,To cause fail. [Obs.]
DEFAILANCE,Failure; miscarriage. [Obs.]Possibility of defailance in degree or
continuance. Comber.
DEFAILURE,Failure. [Obs.] Barrow.
DEFALCATE,To cut off; to take away or deduct a part of; -- used chieflyof money,
accounts, rents, income, etc.To show what may be practicably and safely defalcated
from the [theestimates]. Burke.
DEFALCATOR,A defaulter or embezzler. [Modern]
DEFALK,To lop off; to bate. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DEFAMATION,Act of injuring another's reputation by any slanderouscommunication,
written or oral; the wrong of maliciously injuring thegood name of another;
slander; detraction; calumny; aspersion.
DEFAMATORY,Containing defamation; injurious to reputation; calumnious;slanderous;
as, defamatory words; defamatory writings.
DEFAME,Dishonor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEFAMER,One who defames; a slanderer; a detractor; a calumniator.
DEFAMINGLY,In a defamatory manner.
DEFAMOUS,Defamatory. [Obs.]
DEFATIGABLE,Capable of being wearied or tired out. [R.] Glanvill.
DEFATIGATE,To weary or tire out; to fatigue. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.
DEFATIGATION,Weariness; fatigue. [R.] Bacon.
DEFAULT,A neglect of, or failure to take, some step necessary to securethe benefit
of law, as a failure to appear in court at a dayassigned, especially of the
defendant in a suit when called to makeanswer; also of jurors, witnesses, etc. In
default of, in case offailure or lack of.Cooks could make artificial birds and
fishes in default of the realones. Arbuthnot.-- To suffer a default (Law), to
permit an action to be calledwithout appearing to answer.
DEFEASANCE,A condition, relating to a deed, which being performed, thedeed is
defeated or rendered void; or a collateral deed, made at thesame time with a
feoffment, or other conveyance, containingconditions, on the performance of which
the estate then created maybe defeated.
DEFEASANCED,Liable to defeasance; capable of being made void or forfeited.
DEFEASIBLE,Capable of being annulled or made void; as, a defeasible title.--
De*fea"si*ble*ness, n.
DEFEATURED,Changed in features; deformed. [R.]Features when defeatured in the . . .
way I have described. DeQuincey.
DEFECATE,Freed from anything that can pollute, as dregs, lees, etc.;refined;
purified.Till the soul be defecate from the dregs of sense. Bates.
DEFECATION,The act or process of voiding excrement.
DEFECATOR,That which cleanses or purifies; esp., an apparatus forremoving the
feculencies of juices and sirups. Knight.
DEFECT,To fail; to become deficient. [Obs.] "Defected honor." Warner.
DEFECTIBILITY,Deficiency; imperfection. [R.] Ld. Digby. Jer. Taylor.
DEFECTIBLE,Liable to defect; imperfect. [R.] "A defectible understanding."Jer.
Taylor.
DEFECTION,Act of abandoning a person or cause to which one is bound byallegiance or
duty, or to which one has attached himself; desertion;failure in duty; a falling
away; apostasy; backsliding. "Defectionand falling away from God." Sir W.
Raleigh.The general defection of the whole realm. Sir J. Davies.
DEFECTIONIST,One who advocates or encourages defection.
DEFECTIOUS,Having defects; imperfect. [Obs.] "Some one defectious piece."Sir P.
Sidney.
DEFECTIVE,Lacking some of the usual forms of declension or conjugation;as, a
defective noun or verb.-- De*fect"ive*ly, adv.-- De*fect"ive*ness, n.
DEFECTUOSITY,Great imperfection. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
DEFECTUOUS,Full of defects; imperfect. [Obs.] Barrow.
DEFEDATION,The act of making foul; pollution. [Obs.]
DEFENCE,See Defense.
DEFEND,To deny the right of the plaintiff in regard to (the suit, orthe wrong
charged); to oppose or resist, as a claim at law; tocontest, as a suit. Burrill.
DEFENDABLE,Capable of being defended; defensible. [R.]
DEFENDANT,A person required to make answer in an action or suit; --opposed to
plaintiff. Abbott.
DEFENDEE,One who is defended. [R. & Ludicrous]
DEFENDER,One who defends; one who maintains, supports, protects, orvindicates; a
champion; an advocate; a vindicator.Provinces . . . left without their ancient and
puissant defenders.Motley.
DEFENDRESS,A female defender. [R.]Defendress of the faith. Stow.
DEFENSATIVE,That which serves to protect or defend.
DEFENSE,To furnish with defenses; to fortify. [Obs.] [Written alsodefence.]Better
manned and more strongly defensed. Hales.
DEFENSELESS,Destitute of defense; unprepared to resist attack; unable tooppose;
unprotected.-- De*fense"less*ly, adv.-- De*fense"less*ness, n.
DEFENSER,Defender. [Obs.] Foxe.
DEFENSIBILITY,Capability of being defended.
DEFENSIBLENESS,Capability of being defended; defensibility. Priestley.
DEFENSIVE,That which defends; a safeguard.Wars preventive, upon just fears, are
true defensive. Bacon.To be on the defensive, To stand on the defensive, to be or
stand ina state or posture of defense or resistance, in opposition toaggression or
attack.
DEFENSIVELY,On the defensive.
DEFENSOR,A defender or an advocate in court; a guardian or protector.
DEFENSORY,Tending to defend; defensive; as, defensory preparations.
DEFER,To put off; to postpone to a future time; to delay theexecution of; to delay;
to withhold.Defer the spoil of the city until night. Shak.God . . . will not long
defer To vindicate the glory of his name.Milton.
DEFERENCE,A yielding of judgment or preference from respect to the wishesor opinion
of another; submission in opinion; regard; respect;complaisance.Deference to the
authority of thoughtful and sagacious men. Whewell.Deference is the most
complicate, the most indirect, and the mostelegant of all compliments. Shenstone.
DEFERENT,Serving to carry; bearing. [R.] "Bodies deferent." Bacon.
DEFERENTIAL,Expressing deference; accustomed to defer.
DEFERENTIALLY,With deference.
DEFERMENT,The act of delaying; postponement. [R.]My grief, joined with the instant
business, Begs a deferment.Suckling.
DEFERRER,One who defers or puts off.
DEFEUDALIZE,To deprive of the feudal character or form.
DEFIANT,Full of defiance; bold; insolent; as, a defiant spirit or act.In attitude
stern and defiant. Longfellow.-- De*fi"ant*ly, adv.-- De*fi"ant*ness, n.
DEFIATORY,Bidding or manifesting defiance. [Obs.] Shelford.
DEFIBRINATE,To deprive of fibrin, as fresh blood or lymph by stirring withtwigs.
DEFIBRINATION,The act or process of depriving of fibrin.
DEFIBRINIZE,To defibrinate.
DEFICIENCE,Same as Deficiency.Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee Is no
deficience found.Milton.
DEFICIENCY,The state of being deficient; inadequacy; want; failure;imperfection;
shortcoming; defect. "A deficiencyof blood." Arbuthnot.[Marlborough] was so
miserably ignorant, that his deficiencies madehim the ridicule of his
contemporaries. Buckle.Deficiency of a curve (Geom.), the amount by which the
number ofdouble points on a curve is short of the maximum for curves of thesame
degree.
DEFICIENT,Wanting, to make up completeness; wanting, as regards arequirement; not
sufficient; inadequate; defective; imperfect;incomplete; lacking; as, deficient
parts; deficient estate; deficientstrength; deficient in judgment.The style was
indeed deficient in ease and variety. Macaulay.Deficient number. (Arith.) See under
Abundant.-- De*fi"cient-ly, adv.
DEFICIT,Deficiency in amount or quality; a falling short; lack; as, adeficit in
taxes, revenue, etc. Addison.
DEFIER,One who dares and defies; a contemner; as, a defier of thelaws.
DEFIGURATION,Disfiguration; mutilation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DEFIGURE,To delineate. [Obs.]These two stones as they are here defigured. Weever.
DEFILADE,To raise, as a rampart, so as to shelter interior workscommanded from some
higher point.
DEFILADING,The art or act of determining the directions and heights of thelines of
rampart with reference to the protection of the interiorfrom exposure to an enemy's
fire from any point within range, or fromany works which may be erected. Farrow.
DEFILE,To march off in a line, file by file; to file off.
DEFILEMENT,The protection of the interior walls of a fortification from
anenfilading fire, as by covering them, or by a high parapet on theexposed side.
DEFILER,One who defiles; one who corrupts or violates; that whichpollutes.
DEFILIATION,Abstraction of a child from its parents. Lamb.
DEFINABLE,Capable of being defined, limited, or explained; determinable;describable
by definition; ascertainable; as, definable limits;definable distinctions or
regulations; definable words.-- De*fin"a*bly, adv.
DEFINE,To determine; to decide. [Obs.]
DEFINEMENT,The act of defining; definition; description. [Obs.] Shak.
DEFINER,One who defines or explains.
DEFINITE,A thing defined or determined. [Obs.]
DEFINITELY,In a definite manner; with precision; precisely; determinately.
DEFINITENESS,The state of being definite; determinateness; precision;certainty.
DEFINITION,An exact enunciation of the constituents which make up thelogical
essence.
DEFINITIONAL,Relating to definition; of the nature of a definition; employedin
defining.
DEFINITIVE,A word used to define or limit the extent of the significationof a
common noun, such as the definite article, and some pronouns.
DEFINITIVELY,In a definitive manner.
DEFINITIVENESS,The quality of being definitive.
DEFINITUDE,Definiteness. [R.]Definitude . . . is a knowledge of minute differences.
Sir W.Hamilton.
DEFIX,To fix; to fasten; to establish. [Obs.] "To defix theirprincely seat . . . in
that extreme province." Hakluyt.
DEFLAGRABILITY,The state or quality of being deflagrable.The ready deflagrability .
. . of saltpeter. Boyle.
DEFLAGRABLE,Burning with a sudden and sparkling combustion, as niter;hence,
slightly explosive; liable to snap and crackle when heated, assalt.
DEFLAGRATE,To burn with a sudden and sparkling combustion, as niter; also,to snap
and crackle with slight explosions when heated, as salt.
DEFLAGRATION,The act or process of deflagrating.
DEFLAGRATOR,A form of the voltaic battery having large plates, used forproducing
rapid and powerful combustion.
DEFLATE,To reduce from an inflated condition.
DEFLECT,To cause to turn aside; to bend; as, rays of light are
oftendeflected.Sitting with their knees deflected under them. Lord (1630).
DEFLECTABLE,Capable of being deflected.
DEFLECTION,The deviation of a shot or ball from its true course.
DEFLECTIONIZATION,The act of freeing from inflections. Earle.
DEFLECTIONIZE,To free from inflections.Deflectionized languages are said to be
analytic. Earle.
DEFLECTIVE,Causing deflection. Deflective forces, forces that cause a bodyto
deviate from its course.
DEFLECTOR,That which deflects, as a diaphragm in a furnace, or a come ina lamp (to
deflect and mingle air and gases and help combustion).
DEFLEXED,Bent abruptly downward.
DEFLEXION,See Deflection.
DEFLEXURE,A bending or turning aside; deflection. Bailey.
DEFLORATE,Past the flowering state; having shed its pollen. Gray.
DEFLOURER,One who deflours; a ravisher.
DEFLOW,To flow down. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DEFLOWER,Same as Deflour.An earthquake . . . deflowering the gardens. W. Montagu.If
a man had deflowered a virgin. Milton.
DEFLOWERER,See Deflourer. Milton.
DEFLUOUS,Flowing down; falling off. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEFLUX,Downward flow. [Obs.] Bacon.
DEFLUXION,A discharge or flowing of humors or fluid matter, as from thenose in
catarrh; -- sometimes used synonymously with inflammation.Dunglison.
DEFLY,Deftly. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEFOEDATION,Defedation. [Obs.]
DEFOLIATION,The separation of ripened leaves from a branch or stem; thefalling or
shedding of the leaves.
DEFORCEOR,Same as Deforciant. [Obs.]
DEFORCIATION,Same as Deforcement, n.
DEFOREST,To clear of forests; to dis U. S. Agric. Reports.
DEFORM,Deformed; misshapen; shapeless; horrid. [Obs.]Sight so deform what heart of
rock could long Dry-eyed behold Milton.
DEFORMED,Unnatural or distorted in form; having a deformity; misshapen;disfigured;
as, a deformed person; a deformed head.-- De*form"ed*ly, adv.-- De*form"ed*ness, n.
DEFORMER,One who deforms.
DEFORSER,A deforciant. [Obs.] Blount.
DEFRAUD,To deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitfuldevice; to
withhold from wrongfully; to injure by embezzlement; tocheat; to overreach; as, to
defraud a servant, or a creditor, or thestate; -- with of before the thing taken or
withheld.We have defrauded no man. 2 Cor. vii. 2.Churches seem injured and
defrauded of their rights. Hooker.
DEFRAUDATION,The act of defrauding; a taking by fraud. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DEFRAUDER,One who defrauds; a cheat; an embezzler; a peculator.
DEFRAUDMENT,Privation by fraud; defrauding. [Obs.] Milton.
DEFRAYAL,The act of defraying; payment; as, the defrayal of necessarycosts.
DEFRAYER,One who pays off expenses.
DEFRAYMENT,Payment of charges.
DEFT,Apt; fit; dexterous; clever; handy; spruce; neat. [Archaic orPoetic] "The
deftest way." Shak. "Deftest feats." Gay.The limping god, do deft at his new
ministry. Dryden.Let me be deft and debonair. Byron.
DEFTLY,Aptly; fitly; dexterously; neatly. "Deftly dancing." Drayton.Thyself and
office deftly show. Shak.
DEFTNESS,The quality of being deft. Drayton.
DEFUNCT,Having finished the course of life; dead; deceased. "Defunctorgans."
Shak.The boar, defunct, lay tripped up, near. Byron.
DEFUNCTION,Death. [Obs.]After defunction of King Pharamond. Shak.
DEFUNCTIVE,Funereal. [Obs.] "Defunctive music." Shak.
DEFUSE,To disorder; to make shapeless. [Obs.] Shak.
DEFY,A challenge. [Obs.] Dryden.
DEGAGE,Unconstrained; easy; free. Vanbrugh.
DEGARNISHMENT,The act of depriving, as of furniture, apparatus, or agarrison. [R.]
DEGENERATE,Having become worse than one's kind, or one's former state;having
declined in worth; having lost in goodness; deteriorated;degraded; unworthy; base;
low.Faint-hearted and degenerate king. Shak.A degenerate and degraded state.
Milton.Degenerate from their ancient blood. Swift.These degenerate days. Pope.I had
planted thee a noble vine . . . : how then art thou turned intothe degenerate plant
of a strange vine unto me Jer. ii. 21.
DEGENERATELY,In a degenerate manner; unworthily.
DEGENERATENESS,Degeneracy.
DEGENERATION,That condition of a tissue or an organ in which its vitalityhas become
either diminished or perverted; a substitution of a lowerfor a higher form of
structure; as, fatty degeneration of the liver.
DEGENERATIONIST,A believer in the theory of degeneration, or hereditarydegradation
of type; as, the degenerationists hold that savagery isthe result of degeneration
from a superior state.
DEGENERATIVE,Undergoing or producing degeneration; tending to degenerate.
DEGENEROUS,Degenerate; base. [Obs.] "Degenerous passions." Dryden."Degenerous
practices." South.
DEGENEROUSLY,Basely. [Obs.]
DEGERM,To extract the germs from, as from wheat grains.
DEGERMINATOR,A machine for breaking open the kernels of wheat or other grainand
removing the germs.
DEGLAZE,To remove the glaze from, as pottery or porcelain, so as togive a dull
finish.
DEGLAZING,The process of giving a dull or ground surface to glass by acidor by
mechanical means. Knight.
DEGLORIED,Deprived of glory; dishonored. [Obs.] "With thorns degloried."G.
Fletcher.
DEGLUTINATE,To loosen or separate by dissolving the glue which unties; tounglue.
DEGLUTINATION,The act of ungluing.
DEGLUTITION,The act or process of swallowing food; the power of swallowing.The
muscles employed in the act of deglutition. Paley.
DEGLUTITIOUS,Pertaining to deglutition. [R.]
DEGLUTITORY,Serving for, or aiding in, deglutition.
DEGRADATION,A gradual wearing down or wasting, as of rocks and banks, bythe action
of water, fro
DEGRADE,To reduce in altitude or magnitude, as hills and mountains; towear down.
DEGRADED,Having the typical characters or organs in a partiallydeveloped condition,
or lacking certain parts.Some families of plants are degraded dicotyledons. Dana.
DEGRADEMENT,Deprivation of rank or office; degradation. [R.] Milton.
DEGRADINGLY,In a degrading manner.
DEGRAVATION,The act of making heavy. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEGREASE,To remove grease or fatty matter from, as wool or silk.
DEGREE,A certain distance or remove in the line of descent,determining the
proximity of blood; one remove in the chain ofrelationship; as, a relation in the
third or fourth degree.In the 11th century an opinion began to gain ground in
Italy, thatthird cousins might marry, being in the seventh degree according tothe
civil law. Hallam.
DEGU,A small South American rodent (Octodon Cumingii), of the familyOctodontidæ.
DEGUM,To deprive of, or free from, gum; as, to degum ramie.
DEGUST,To taste. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEGUSTATION,Tasting; the appreciation of sapid qualities by the tasteorgans. Bp.
Hall.
DEHISCE,To gape; to open by dehiscence.
DEHISCENCE,A gaping or bursting open along a definite line of attachmentor suture,
without tearing, as in the opening of pods, or thebursting of capsules at maturity
so as to emit seeds, etc.; also, thebursting open of follicles, as in the ovaries
of animals, for theexpulsion of their contents.
DEHISCENT,Characterized by dehiscence; opening in some definite way, asthe capsule
of a plant.
DEHONESTATE,To disparage. [Obs.]
DEHONESTATION,A dishonoring; disgracing. [Obs.] Gauden.
DEHORN,To deprive of horns; to prevent the growth or the horns of(cattle) by
burning their ends soon after they start. See Dishorn."Dehorning cattle." Farm
Journal (1886).
DEHORS,Out of; without; foreign to; out of the agreement, record,will, or other
instrument.
DEHORT,To urge to abstain or refrain; to dissuade. [Obs.]The apostles vehemently
dehort us from unbelief. Bp. Ward."Exhort" remains, but dehort, a word whose place
neither "dissuade"nor any other exactly supplies, has escaped us. Trench.
DEHORTATION,Dissuasion; advice against something. [R.]
DEHORTATIVE,Dissuasive. [R.]
DEHORTATORY,Fitted or designed to dehort or dissuade. Bp. Hall.
DEHORTER,A dissuader; an adviser to the contrary. [Obs.]
DEHUMANIZE,To divest of human qualities, such as pity, tenderness, etc.;as,
dehumanizing influences.
DEHUSK,To remove the husk from. [Obs.] "Wheat dehusked upon thefloor." Drant.
DEHYDRATE,To deprive of water; to render free from water; as, todehydrate alcohol.
DEHYDRATION,The act or process of freeing from water; also, the conditionof a body
from which the water has been removed.
DEHYDROGENATE,To deprive of, or free from, hydrogen.
DEHYDROGENATION,The act or process or freeing from hydrogen; also, thecondition
resulting from the removal of hydrogen.
DEICTIC,Direct; proving directly; -- applied to reasoning, and opposedto elenchtic
or refutative.
DEICTICALLY,In a manner to show or point out; directly; absolutely;definitely.When
Christ spake it deictically. Hammond.
DEIFICATION,The act of deifying; exaltation to divine honors; apotheosis;excessive
praise.
DEIFIED,Honored or worshiped as a deity; treated with supreme regard;godlike.
DEIFIER,One who deifies.
DEIFORMITY,Likeness to deity. [Obs.]
DEIGN,To think worthy; to vouchsafe; to condescend; -- followed by aninfinitive.O
deign to visit our forsaken seats. Pope.Yet not Lord Cranstone deigned she greet.
Sir W. Scott.Round turned he, as not deigning Those craven ranks to see. Macaulay.
DEIGNOUS,Haughty; disdainful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEIL,Devil; -- spelt also deel. [Scot.] Deil's buckie. See underBuckie.
DEINOCERAS,See Dinoceras.
DEINORNIS,See Dinornis.
DEINOSAUR,See Dinosaur.
DEINOTHERIUM,See Dinotherium.
DEINTEGRATE,To disintegrate. [Obs.]
DEIPAROUS,Bearing or bringing forth a god; -- said of the Virgin Mary.[Obs.]
Bailey.
DEIPNOSOPHIST,One of an ancient sect of philosophers, who cultivated
learnedconversation at meals.
DEIS,See Dais.
DEISM,The doctrine or creed of a deist; the belief or system of thosewho
acknowledge the existence of one God, but deny revelation.
DEIST,One who believes in the existence of a God, but denies revealedreligion; a
freethinker.
DEISTICALLY,After the manner of deists.
DEISTICALNESS,State of being deistical.
DEITATE,Deified. [Obs.] Granmer.
DEJECT,Dejected. [Obs.]
DEJECTA,Excrements; as, the dejecta of the sick.
DEJECTED,Cast down; afflicted; low-spirited; sad; as, a dejected look
orcountenance.-- De*ject"ed*ly, adv.-- De*ject"ed*ness, n.
DEJECTER,One who casts down, or dejects.
DEJECTLY,Dejectedly. [Obs.]
DEJECTURE,That which is voided; excrements. Arbuthnot.
DEJERATE,To swear solemnly; to take an oath. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEJERATION,The act of swearing solemnly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DEJEUNE,A déjeuner.Take a déjeuné of muskadel and eggs. B. Jonson.
DEJEUNER,A breakfast; sometimes, also, a lunch or collation.
DEKA-,A prefix signifying ten. See Deca-.
DEKABRIST,A Decembrist.
DEKAGRAM,Same as Decagram.
DEKALITER,Same as Decaliter.
DEKAMETER,Same as Decameter.
DEKASTERE,Same as Decastere.
DEKLE,See Deckle.
DEL CREDERE,An agreement by which an agent or factor, in consideration ofan
additional premium or commission (called a del crederecommission), engages, when he
sells goods on credit, to insure,warrant, or guarantee to his principal the
solvency of the purchaser,the engagement of the factor being to pay the debt
himself if it isnot punctually discharged by the buyer when it becomes due.
DEL,Share; portion; part. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DELACERATION,A tearing in pieces. [Obs.] Bailey.
DELACRYMATION,An involuntary discharge of watery humors from the eyes;wateriness of
the eyes. [Obs.] Bailey.
DELACTATION,The act of weaning. [Obs.] Bailey.
DELAINE,A kind of fabric for women's dresses.
DELAMINATION,Formation and separation of laminæ or layers; one of themethods by
which the various blastodermic layers of the ovum aredifferentiated.
DELAPSATION,See Delapsion. Ray.
DELAPSE,To pass down by inheritance; to lapse. [Obs.]Which Anne derived alone the
right, before all other, Of the delapsedcrown from Philip. Drayton.
DELAPSION,A falling down, or out of place; prolapsion.
DELASSATION,Fatigue.Able to continue without delassation. Ray.
DELATE,To dilate. [Obs.] Goodwin.
DELATION,Accusation by an informer. Milman.
DELATOR,An accuser; an informer. [R.] Howell.
DELAWARE,An American grape, with compact bunches of small, amber-coloredberries,
sweet and of a good flavor.
DELAWARES,A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the valley of theDelaware River,
but now mostly located in the Indian Territory.
DELAY,A putting off or deferring; procrastination; lingeringinactivity; stop;
detention; hindrance.Without any delay, on the morrow I sat on the judgment seat.
Actsxxv. 17.The government ought to be settled without the delay of a day.Macaulay.
DELAYER,One who delays; one who lingers.
DELAYINGLY,By delays. [R.] Tennyson.
DELAYMENT,Hindrance. [Obs.] Gower.
DELE,Erase; remove; -- a direction to cancel something which hasbeen put in type;
usually expressed by a peculiar form of d, thus: .
DELEBLE,Capable of being blotted out or erased. "An impression easilydeleble."
Fuller.
DELECTABLE,Highly pleasing; delightful.Delectable both to behold and taste.
Milton.-- De*lec"ta*ble*ness, n.-- De*lec"ta*bly, adv.
DELECTATE,To delight; to charm. [R.]
DELECTATION,Great pleasure; delight.
DELECTUS,A name given to an elementary book for learners of Latin orGreek. G.
Eliot.
DELEGATE,Sent to act for a represent another; deputed; as, a delegatejudge.
"Delegate power." Strype.
DELEGATION,A kind of novation by which a debtor, to be liberated from hiscreditor,
gives him a third person, who becomes obliged in his steadto the creditor, or to
the person appointed by him. Pothier.
DELEGATORY,Holding a delegated position. Nash.
DELENDA,Things to be erased or blotted out.
DELENIFICAL,Assuaging pain. [Obs.] Bailey.
DELETE,To blot out; to erase; to expunge; to dele; to omit.I have, therefore, . . .
inserted eleven stanzas which do not appearin Sir Walter Scott's version, and have
deleted eight. Aytoun.
DELETERIOUS,Hurtful; noxious; destructive; pernicious; as, a deleteriousplant or
quality; a deleterious example.-- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ly, adv.-- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ness,
n.
DELETERY,Destructive; poisonous. [Obs.] "Deletery medicines." Hudibras.
DELETION,Act of deleting, blotting out, or erasing; destruction. [Obs.]Jer.
Taylor.A total deletion of every person of the opposing party. Sir M. Hale.
DELETITIOUS,Of such a nature that anything may be erased from it; -- saidof paper.
DELETIVE,Adapted to destroy or obliterate. [R.] Evelyn.
DELETORY,That which blots out. [Obs.] "A deletory of sin." Jer. Taylor.
DELF,A mine; a quarry; a pit dug; a ditch. [Written also delft, anddelve.]
[Obs.]The delfts would be so flown with waters, that no gins or machinescould . . .
keep them dry. Ray.
DELFT,Same as Delftware.
DELIBATE,To taste; to take a sip of; to dabble in. [Obs.]
DELIBATION,Act of tasting; a slight trial. [Obs.] Berkeley.
DELIBER,To deliberate. [Obs.]
DELIBERATE,To weigh in the mind; to consider the reasons for and against;to
consider maturely; to reflect upon; to ponder; as, to deliberate aquestion.
DELIBERATELY,With careful consideration, or deliberation; circumspectly;warily; not
hastily or rashly; slowly; as, a purpose deliberatelyformed.
DELIBERATENESS,The quality of being deliberate; calm consideration;circumspection.
DELIBERATIVE,Pertaining to deliberation; proceeding or acting bydeliberation, or by
discussion and examination; deliberating; as, adeliberative body.A consummate work
of deliberative wisdom. Bancroft.The court of jurisdiction is to be distinguished
from thedeliberative body, the advisers of the crown. Hallam.
DELIBERATIVELY,In a deliberative manner; circumspectly; considerately.
DELIBERATOR,One who deliberates.
DELIBRATE,To strip off the bark; to peel. [Obs.] Ash.
DELIBRATION,The act of stripping off the bark. [Obs.] Ash.
DELICATELY,In a delicate manner.
DELICATENESS,The quality of being delicate.
DELICATESSEN,Relishes for the table; dainties; delicacies. "A dealer
indelicatessen". G. H. Putnam.
DELICES,Delicacies; delights. [Obs.] "Dainty delices." Spenser.
DELICIATE,To delight one's self; to indulge in feasting; to revel. [Obs.]
DELICIOUSLY,Delightfully; as, to feed deliciously; to be deliciouslyentertained.
DELICT,An offense or transgression against law; (Scots Law) an offenseof a lesser
degree; a misdemeanor.Every regulation of the civil code necessarily implies a
delict inthe event of its violation. Jeffrey.
DELIGATE,To bind up; to bandage.
DELIGATION,A binding up; a bandaging. Wiseman.
DELIGHT,To give delight to; to affect with great pleasure; to pleasehighly; as, a
beautiful landscape delights the eye; harmony delightsthe ear.Inventions to delight
the taste. Shak.Delight our souls with talk of knightly deeds. Tennyson.
DELIGHTABLE,Capable of delighting; delightful. [Obs.]Many a spice delightable. Rom.
of R.
DELIGHTED,Endowed with delight.If virtue no delighted beauty lack. Shak.
DELIGHTEDLY,With delight; gladly.
DELIGHTER,One who gives or takes delight.
DELIGHTFUL,Highly pleasing; affording great pleasure and satisfaction."Delightful
bowers." Spenser. "Delightful fruit." Milton.
DELIGHTING,Giving delight; gladdening.-- De*light"ing*ly, adv. Jer. Taylor.
DELIGHTLESS,Void of delight. Thomson.
DELIGHTOUS,Delightful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DELIGHTSOME,Very pleasing; delightful. "Delightsome vigor." Grew.Ye shall be a
delightsome land, . . . saith the Lord. Mal. iii. 12.-- De*light"some*ly, adv.--
De*light"some*ness, n.
DELIGNATE,To clear or strip of wood (by cutting down trees). [R.]Fuller.
DELILAH,The mistress of Samson, who betrayed him (Judges xvi.); hence,a harlot; a
temptress.Other Delilahs on a smaller scale Burns met with during his
Dumfriessojourn. J. C. Shairp.
DELIMIT,To fix the limits of; to demarcate; to bound.
DELIMITATION,The act or process of fixing limits or boundaries;
limitation.Gladstone.
DELINEABLE,Capable of being, or liable to be, delineated. Feltham.
DELINEAMENT,Delineation; sketch. Dr. H. More.
DELINEATE,Delineated; portrayed. [R.]
DELINEATOR,A perambulator which records distances and delineates aprofile, as of a
road.
DELINEATORY,That delineates; descriptive; drawing the outline; delineating.
DELINEATURE,Delineation. [Obs.]
DELINITION,A smearing. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DELINQUENCY,Failure or omission of duty; a fault; a misdeed; an offense;
amisdemeanor; a crime.The delinquencies of the little commonwealth would be
represented inthe most glaring colors. Motley.
DELINQUENT,Failing in duty; offending by neglect of duty.
DELINQUENTLY,So as to fail in duty.
DELIQUATE,To melt or be dissolved; to deliquesce. [Obs.] Boyle.
DELIQUATION,A melting. [Obs.]
DELIQUESCE,To dissolve gradually and become liquid by attracting andabsorbing
moisture from the air, as certain salts, acids, andalkalies.In very moist air
crystals of strontites deliquesce. Black.
DELIQUESCENCE,The act of deliquescing or liquefying; process by whichanything
deliquesces; tendency to melt.
DELIQUESCENT,Branching so that the stem is lost in branches, as in mostdeciduous
trees. Gray.
DELIQUIATE,To melt and become liquid by absorbing water from the air; todeliquesce.
Fourcroy.
DELIQUIATION,The act of deliquating.
DELIQUIUM,A melting or dissolution in the air, or in a moist place; aliquid
condition; as, a salt falls into a deliquium. [R.]
DELIRACY,Delirium. [Obs.]
DELIRAMENT,A wandering of the mind; a crazy fancy. [Obs.] Heywood.
DELIRANCY,Delirium. [Obs.] Gauden.
DELIRANT,Delirious. [Obs.] Owen.
DELIRATE,To madden; to rave. [Obs.]An infatuating and delirating spirit in it.
Holland.
DELIRATION,Aberration of mind; delirium. J. Motley.Deliration or alienation of the
understanding. Mede.
DELIRIANT,A poison which occasions a persistent delirium, or mentalaberration (as
belladonna).
DELIRIFACIENT,Producing, or tending to produce, delirium.-- n.
DELIRIOUS,Having a delirium; wandering in mind; light-headed; insane;raving; wild;
as, a delirious patient; delirious fancies.-- De*lir"i*ous*ly, adv.--
De*lir"i*ous*ness, n.
DELIRIUM,A state in which the thoughts, expressions, and actions arewild,
irregular, and incoherent; mental aberration; a roving orwandering of the mind, --
usually dependent on a fever or some otherdisease, and so distinguished from mania,
or madness.
DELIT,Delight. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DELITABLE,Delightful; delectable. [Obs.]
DELITESCENCE,The sudden disappearance of inflammation.
DELITESCENCY,Concealment; seclusion.The mental organization of the novelist must be
characterized, tospeak craniologically, by an extraordinary development of the
passionfor delitescency. Sir W. Scott.
DELITESCENT,Lying hid; concealed.
DELITIGATE,To chide; to rail heartily. [Obs.]
DELITIGATION,Chiding; brawl. [Obs.]
DELIVER,Free; nimble; sprightly; active. [Obs.]Wonderly deliver and great of
strength. Chaucer.
DELIVERABLE,Capable of being, or about to be, delivered; necessary to bedelivered.
Hale.
DELIVERANCE,Any fact or truth which is decisively attested or intuitivelyknown as a
psychological or philosophical datum; as, the deliveranceof consciousness.
DELIVERESS,A female de [R.] Evelyn.
DELIVERLY,Actively; quickly; nimbly. [Obs.]Swim with your bodies, And carry it
sweetly and deliverly. Beau. &Fl.
DELIVERNESS,Nimbleness; agility. [Obs.]
DELLA CRUSCA,A shortened form of Academia della Crusca, an academy inFlorescence,
Italy, founded in the 16th century, especially forconversing the purity of the
Italian language.
DELLACRUSCAN,Of or pertaining to the Accademia della Crusca in Florence.
TheDellacruscan School, a name given in satire to a class of affectedEnglish
writers, most of whom lived in Florence, about a. d. 1785.
DELOO,The duykerbok.
DELOUL,A special breed of the dromedary used for rapid traveling; theswift camel;
-- called also herire, and maharik.
DELPH,Delftware.Five nothings in five plates of delph. Swift.
DELPHIAN,Delphic.
DELPHIC,Pertaining to the dauphin of France; as, the Delphin classics,an edition of
the Latin classics, prepared in the reign of LouisXIV., for the use of the dauphin
(in usum Delphini).
DELPHIN,A fatty substance contained in the oil of the dolphin and theporpoise; --
called also phocenin.
DELPHINE,Pertaining to the dolphin, a genus of fishes.
DELPHINIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the dolphin; phocenic.Delphinic acid.
(Chem.) See Valeric acid, under Valeric. [Obs.]
DELPHININE,A poisonous alkaloid extracted from the stavesacre
(Delphiniumstaphisagria), as a colorless amorphous powder.
DELPHINOID,Pertaining to, or resembling, the dolphin.
DELPHINOIDEA,The division of Cetacea which comprises the dolphins,porpoises, and
related forms.
DELPHINUS,A genus of Cetacea, including the dolphin. See Dolphin,
DELTA CONNECTION,One of the usual forms or methods for connecting apparatus to
athree-phase circuit, the three corners of the delta or triangle,
asdiagrammatically represented, being connected to the three wires ofthe supply
circuit.
DELTA CURRENT,The current flowing through a delta connection.
DELTA,A tract of land shaped like the letter delta (as, the delta ofthe Ganges, of
the Nile, or of the Mississippi.
DELTAFICATION,The formation of a delta or of deltas. [R.]
DELTAIC,Relating to, or like, a delta.
DELTHYRIS,A name formerly given to certain Silurian brachiopod shells ofthe genus
Spirifer. Delthyris limestone (Geol.), one of the divisionsof the Upper Silurian
rocks in New York.
DELTIC,Deltaic.
DELTIDIUM,The triangular space under the beak of many brachiopod shells.
DELTOHEDRON,A solid bounded by twelve quadrilateral faces. It is ahemihedral form
of the isometric system, allied to the tetrahedron.
DELTOID,Shaped like the Greek Deltoid leaf (Bot.), a leaf in the formof a triangle
with the stem inserted at the middle of the base.-- Deltoid muscle (Anat.), a
triangular muscle in the shoulder whichserves to move the arm directly upward.
DELUDABLE,Capable of being deluded; liable to be imposed on gullible. SirT. Browne.
DELUDER,One who deludes; a deceiver; an impostor.
DELUNDUNG,An East Indian carnivorous mammal (Prionodon gracilis),resembling the
civets, but without scent pouches. It is handsomelyspotted.
DELUSIONAL,Of or pertaining to delusions; as, delusional monomania.
DELUSIVE,Apt or fitted to delude; tending to mislead the mind;deceptive; beguiling;
delusory; as, delusive arts; a delusive dream.Delusive and unsubstantial ideas.
Whewell.-- De*lu"sive*ly, adv.-- De*lu"sive*ness, n.
DELUSORY,Delusive; fallacious. Glanvill.
DELVE,To dig or labor with a spade, or as with a spade; to labor as adrudge.Delve
may I not: I shame to beg. Wyclif (Luke xvi. 3).
DELVER,One who digs, as with a spade.
DEMAGOG,Demagogue.
DEMAGOGISM,The practices of a demagogue.
DEMAGOGUE,A leader of the rabble; one who attempts to control themultitude by
specious or deceitful arts; an unprincipled and factiousmob orator or political
leader.
DEMAGOGY,Demagogism.
DEMAIN,See Demesne.
DEMAND,To call into court; to summon. Burrill.
DEMANDABLE,That may be demanded or claimed. "All sums demandable." Bacon.
DEMANDANT,One who demands; the plaintiff in a real action; any plaintiff.
DEMANDER,One who demands.
DEMANDRESS,A woman who demands.
DEMANTOID,A yellow-green, transparent variety of garnet found in theUrals. It is
valued as a gem because of its brilliancy of luster,whence the name.
DEMARCATE,To mark by bounds; to set the limits of; to separate; todiscriminate.
Wilkinson.
DEMARCATION,The act of marking, or of ascertaining and setting a limit;separation;
distinction.The speculative line of demarcation, where obedience ought to end
andresistance must begin, is faint, obscure, and not easily definable.Burke.
DEMARCH,March; walk; gait. [Obs.]
DEMARKATION,Same as Demarcation.
DEMATERIALIZE,To deprive of material or physical qualities
orcharacteristics.Dematerializing matter by stripping if of everything which . . .
hasdistinguished matter. Milman.
DEME,A territorial subdivision of Attica (also of modern Greece),corresponding to a
township. Jowett (Thucyd).
DEMEAN,Resources; means. [Obs.]You know How narrow our demeans are. Massinger.
DEMEANANCE,Demeanor. [Obs.] Skelton.
DEMEANURE,Behavior. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEMENCY,Dementia; loss of mental powers. See Insanity.
DEMENT,To deprive of reason; to make mad. [R.] Bale.
DEMENTATE,Deprived of reason.Arise, thou dementate sinner! Hammond.
DEMENTATION,The act of depriving of reason; madness. Whitlock.
DEMENTED,Insane; mad; of unsound mind.-- De*ment"ed*ness, n.
DEMENTIA,Insanity; madness; esp. that form which consists in weakness ortotal loss
of thought and reason; mental imbecility; idiocy.
DEMEPHITIZE,To purify from mephitic.-- De*meph`i*ti*za"tion, n.
DEMERGE,To plunge down into; to sink; to immerse. [Obs.]The water in which it was
demerged. Boyle.
DEMERIT,To deserve praise or blame.
DEMERSE,To immerse. [Obs.] Boyle.
DEMERSED,Situated or growing under water, as leaves; submersed.
DEMESMERIZE,To relieve from mesmeric influence. See Mesmerize.
DEMESNE,A lord's chief manor place, with that part of the landsbelonging thereto
which has not been granted out in tenancy; a house,and the land adjoining, kept for
the proprietor's own use. [Writtenalso demain.] Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
Ancient demesne. (Eng.Law) See under Ancient.
DEMESNIAL,Of or pertaining to a demesne; of the nature of a demesne.
DEMI,See Demy, n.
DEMI-,A prefix, signifying half.
DEMI-ISLAND,Peninsula. [Obs.] Knolles.
DEMI-TASSE,A small cup for, or of, black coffee.
DEMIBASTION,A half bastion, or that part of a bastion consisting of oneface and one
flank.
DEMIBRIGADE,A half brigade.
DEMICADENCE,An imperfect or half cadence, falling on the dominant insteadof on the
key note.
DEMICANNON,A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from thirty tothirty-six
pounds. Shak.
DEMICIRCLE,An instrument for measuring angles, in surveying, etc. Itresembles
DEMICULVERIN,A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from nine tothirteen
pounds.
DEMIDEIFY,To deify in part. Cowper.
DEMIDEVIL,A half devil. Shak.
DEMIGOD,A half god, or an inferior deity; a fabulous hero, theoffspring of a deity
and a mortal.
DEMIGODDESS,A female demigod.
DEMIGORGE,Half the gorge, or entrance into a bastion, taken from theangle of the
flank to the center of the bastion.
DEMIGRATE,To emigrate. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEMIGRATION,Emigration. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DEMIGROAT,A half groat.
DEMIJOHN,A glass vessel or bottle with a large body and small neck,inclosed in
wickerwork.
DEMILANCE,A light lance; a short spear; a half pike; also, a demilancer.
DEMILANCER,A soldier of light cavalry of the 16th century, who carried ademilance.
DEMILUNE,A work constructed beyond the main ditch of a fortress, and infront of the
curtain between two bastions, intended to defend thecurtain; a ravelin. See
Ravelin.
DEMIMAN,A half man. [R.] Knolles.
DEMIMONDE,Persons of doubtful reputation; esp., women who are kept asmistresses,
though not public prostitutes; demireps. Literarydemimonde, writers of the lowest
kind.
DEMINATURED,Having half the nature of another. [R.] Shak.
DEMIQUAVER,A note of half the length of the quaver; a semiquaver. [R.]
DEMIREP,A woman of doubtful reputation or suspected character; anadventuress.
[Colloq.] De Quincey.
DEMISABILITY,The state of being demisable.
DEMISABLE,Capable of being leased; as, a demisable estate.
DEMISE,The conveyance or transfer of an estate, either in fee for lifeor for years,
most commonly the latter. Bouvier.
DEMISEMIQUAVER,A short note, equal in time to the half of a semiquaver, or
thethirty-second part of a whole note.
DEMISS,Cast down; humble; submissive. [Obs.]He down descended like a most demiss
And abject thrall. Spenser.
DEMISSIVE,Downcast; submissive; humble. [R.]They pray with demissive eyelids. Lord
(1630).
DEMISSLY,In a humble manner. [Obs.]
DEMISUIT,A suit of light armor covering less than the whole body, ashaving no
protection for the legs below the things, no vizor to thehelmet, and the like.
DEMITONE,Semitone. [R.]
DEMIURGE,The chief magistrate in some of the Greek states.
DEMIURGIC,Pertaining to a demiurge; formative; creative. "Demiurgicpower." De
Quincey.
DEMIVILL,A half-vill, consisting of five freemen or frankpledges.Blackstone.
DEMIVOLT,A half vault; one of the seven artificial motions of a horse,in which he
raises his fore legs in a particular manner.
DEMIWOLF,A half wolf; a mongrel dog, between a dog and a wolf.
DEMOBILIZATION,The disorganization or disarming of troops which havepreviously been
mobilized or called into active service; the changefrom a war footing to a peace
footing.
DEMOBILIZE,To disorganize, or disband and send home, as troops which havebeen
mobilized.
DEMOCRATICAL,Democratic.The democratical was democratically received. Algernon
Sidney.
DEMOCRATICALLY,In a democratic manner.
DEMOCRATISM,The principles or spirit of a democracy. [R.]
DEMOCRATIST,A democrat. [R.] Burke.
DEMOCRATIZE,To render democratic.
DEMOCRATY,Democracy. [Obs.] Milton.
DEMOGORGON,, A mysterious, terrible, and evil divinity, regarded by someas the
author of creation, by others as a great magician who wassupposed to command the
spirits of the lower world. See Gorgon.Orcus and Ades, and the dreaded name Of
Demogorgon. Milton.
DEMOGRAPHY,The study of races, as to births, marriages, mortality, health,etc.--
Dem`o*graph"ic, a.
DEMOISELLE,The Numidian crane (Antropoides virgo); -- so called on accountof the
grace and symmetry of its form and movements.
DEMOLISH,To throw or pull down; to raze; to destroy the fabric of; topull to
pieces; to ruin; as, to demolish an edifice, or a wall.I expected the fabric of my
book would long since have beendemolished, and laid even with the ground.
Tillotson.
DEMOLISHER,One who, or that which, demolishes; as, a demolisher of towns.
DEMOLISHMENT,Demolition.
DEMOLITION,The act of overthrowing, pulling down, or destroying a pile orstructure;
destruction by violence; utter overthrow; -- opposed toconstruction; as, the
demolition of a house, of military works, of atown, or of hopes.
DEMOLITIONIST,A demolisher. [R.] Carlyle.
DEMON,A spirit, or immaterial being, holding a middle place betweenmen and deities
in pagan mythology.The demon kind is of an inSydenham.
DEMONESS,A female demon.
DEMONETIZATION,The act of demonetizing, or the condition of being demonetized.
DEMONETIZE,To deprive of current value; to withdraw from use, as money.They [gold
mohurs] have been completely demonetized by the [EastIndia] Company. R. Cobden.
DEMONIAC,One of a sect of Anabaptists who maintain that the demons ordevils will
finally be saved.
DEMONIACALLY,In a demoniacal manner.
DEMONIACISM,The state of being demoniac, or the practices of demoniacs.
DEMONIAL,Of or pertaining to a demon. [Obs.] Cudworth.
DEMONIAN,Relating to, or having the nature of, a demon. "Demonianspirits." Milton.
DEMONIANISM,The state of being possessed by a demon or by demons.
DEMONIASM,See Demonianism. [R.]
DEMONIC,Of or pertaining to a demon or to demons; demoniac. "Demonicambushes."
Lowell.
DEMONISM,The belief in demons or false gods.The established theology of the heathen
world . . . rested upon thebasis of demonism. Farmer.
DEMONIST,A believer in, or worshiper of, demons.
DEMONOCRACY,The power or government of demons.A demonocracy of unclean spirits. H.
Taylor.
DEMONOGRAPHER,A demonologist. [R.] Am. Cyc.
DEMONOLATRY,The worship of demons.
DEMONOLOGER,One versed in demonology. R. North.
DEMONOLOGIST,One who writes on, or is versed in, demonology.
DEMONOLOGY,A treatise on demons; a supposititious science which treats ofdemons and
their manifestations. Sir W. Scott.
DEMONOMAGY,Magic in which the aid of demons is invoked; black or infernalmagic. Bp.
Hurd.
DEMONOMANIA,A form of madness in which the patient conceives himselfpossessed of
devils.
DEMONOMIST,One in subjection to a demon, or to demons. [R.] Sir T.Herbert.
DEMONOMY,The dominion of demons. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.
DEMONRY,Demoniacal influence or possession. J. Baillie.
DEMONSHIP,The state of a demon. Mede.
DEMONSTRABILITY,The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrableness.
DEMONSTRABLENESS,The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrability.
DEMONSTRABLY,In a demonstrable manner; incontrovertibly; clearly.Cases that
demonstrably concerned the public cause. Clarendon.
DEMONSTRANCE,Demonstration; proof. [Obs.] Holland.
DEMONSTRATE,To exhibit and explain (a dissection or other anatomicalpreparation).
DEMONSTRATER,See Demonstrator.
DEMONSTRATION,The exhibition and explanation of a dissection or otheranatomical
preparation.
DEMONSTRATIVE,A demonstrative pronoun; as, "this" and "that" aredemonstratives.
DEMONSTRATIVELY,In a manner fitted to demonstrate; clearly; convincingly;forcibly.
DEMONSTRATIVENESS,The state or quality of being demonstrative.
DEMONSTRATOR,A teacher of practical anatomy.
DEMONSTRATORY,Tending to demonstrate; demonstrative. Johnson.
DEMORAGE,Demurrage. [Obs.] Pepys (1663).
DEMORALIZATION,The act of corrupting or subverting morals. Especially: The actof
corrupting or subverting discipline, courage, hope, etc., or thestate of being
corrupted or subverted in discipline, courage, etc.;as, the demoralization of an
army or navy.
DEMORALIZE,To corrupt or undermine in morals; to destroy or lessen theeffect of
moral principles on; to render corrupt or untrustworthy inmorals, in discipline, in
courage, spirit, etc.; to weaken in spiritor efficiency.The demoralizing example of
profligate power and prosperous crime.Walsh.The vices of the nobility had
demoralized the army. Bancroft.
DEMOSTHENIC,Pertaining to, or in the style of, Demosthenes, the Grecianorator.
DEMOTE,To reduce to a lower grade, as in school.
DEMOTIC,Of or pertaining to the people; popular; common. Demoticalphabet or
character, a form of writing used in Egypt after six orseven centuries before
Christ, for books, deeds, and other suchwritings; a simplified form of the hieratic
character; -- called alsoepistolographic character, and enchorial character. See
Enchorial.
DEMOTICS,The department of knowledge relative to the care and culture ofthe people;
sociology in its broadest sense; -- in librarycataloguing.
DEMOUNT,To dismount. [R.]
DEMOUNTABLE,Capable of being dismounted; -- said of a form of rim, for anautomobile
wheel, which can be removed with its tire from the wheel.
DEMPNE,To damn; to condemn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEMULCE,To soothe; to mollify; to pacify; to soften. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.
DEMULCENT,Softening; mollifying; soothing; assuasive; as, oil isdemulcent.
DEMULSION,The act of soothing; that which soothes. Feltham.
DEMUR,To interpose a demurrer. See Demurrer, 2.
DEMURE,To look demurely. [Obs.] Shak.
DEMURELY,In a demure manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with amere show of
gravity or modesty.They . . . looked as demurely as they could; for 't was a
hangingmatter to laugh unseasonably. Dryden.
DEMURENESS,The state of being demure; gravity; the show of gravity ormodesty.
DEMURITY,Demureness; also, one who is demure. Sir T. Browne.
DEMURRABLE,That may be demurred to. Stormonth.
DEMURRAL,Demur; delay in acting or deciding.The same causes of demurral existed
which prevented British troopsfrom assisting in the expulsion of the French from
Rome. Southey.
DEMURRER,A stop or pause by a party to an action, for the judgment ofthe court on
the question, whether, assuming the truth of the matteralleged by the opposite
party, it is sufficient in law to sustain theaction or defense, and hence whether
the party resting is bound toanswer or proceed further. Demurrer to evidence, an
exception takenby a party to the evidence offered by the opposite party, and
anobjecting to proceed further, on the allegation that such evidence isnot
sufficient in law to maintain the issue, and a reference to thecourt to determine
the point. Bouvier.
DEMY,Pertaining to, or made of, the size of paper called demy; as, ademy book.
DEN,A narrow glen; a ravine; a dell. [Old Eng. & Scotch] Shak.
DENARCOTIZE,To deprive of narcotine; as, to denarcotize opium.--
De*nar`co*ti*za"tion, n.
DENARIUS,A Roman silver coin of the value of about fourteen cents; the"penny" of
the New Testament; -- so called from being worthoriginally ten of the pieces called
as.
DENARY,Containing ten; tenfold; proceeding by tens; as, the denary, ordecimal,
scale.
DENATIONALIZATION,The or process of denationalizing.
DENATIONALIZE,To divest or deprive of national character or rights.Bonaparte's
decree denationalizes, as he calls it, all ships thathave touched at a British
port. Cobbett.An expatriated, denationalized race. G. Eliot.
DENATURE,To deprive of its natural qualities; change the nature of.
DENAY,To deny. [Obs.]That with great rage he stoutly doth denay. Spenser.
DENDRACHATE,Arborescent or dendritic agate.
DENDRIFORM,Resembling in structure a tree or shrub.
DENDRITE,A stone or mineral on or in which are branching figuresresembling shrubs
or trees, produced by a foreign mineral, usually anoxide of manganese, as in the
moss agate; also, a crystallizedmineral having an arborescent form, e. g., gold or
silver; anarborization.
DENDROCOELA,A division of the Turbellaria in which the digestive cavitygives off
lateral branches, which are often divided into smallerbranchlets.
DENDROLITE,A petrified or fossil shrub, plant, or part of a plant.
DENDROLOGIST,One versed in the natural history of trees.
DENDROLOGOUS,Relating to dendrology.
DENDROLOGY,A discourse or treatise on trees; the natural history of trees.
DENDROMETER,An instrument to measure the height and diameter of trees.
DENEGATE,To deny. [Obs.]
DENEGATION,Denial. [Obs.]
DENGUE,A specific epidemic disease attended with high fever, cutaneouseruption, and
severe pains in the head and limbs, resembling those ofrheumatism; -- called also
breakbone fever. It occurs in India,Egypt, the West Indies, etc., is of short
duration, and rarely fatal.
DENIABLE,Capable of being, or liable to be, denied.
DENIANCE,Denial. [Obs.] E. Hall.
DENIER,One who denies; as, a denier of a fact, or of the faith, or ofChrist.
DENIGRATOR,One who, or that which, blackens.
DENIM,A coarse cotton drilling used for overalls, etc.
DENITRATION,A disengaging, or removal, of nitric acid.
DENITRIFICATION,The act or process of freeing from nitrogen; also, thecondition
resulting from the removal of nitrogen.
DENITRIFY,To deprive of, or free from, nitrogen.
DENIZATION,The act of making one a denizen or adopted citizen;naturalization.
Hallam.
DENIZE,To make a denizen; to confer the rights of citizenship upon; tonaturalize.
[Obs.]There was a private act made for denizing the children of RichardHillStrype.
DENIZENATION,Denization; denizening. Abbott.
DENIZENIZE,To constitute (one) a denizen; to denizen. Abbott.
DENIZENSHIP,State of being a denizen.
DENMARK SATIN,See under Satin.
DENNET,A light, open, two-wheeled carriage for one horse; a kind ofgig. ("The term
and vehicle common about 1825." Latham.)
DENOMINABLE,Capable of being denominated or named. Sir T. Browne.
DENOMINATE,To give a name to; to characterize by an epithet; to entitle;to name; to
designate.Passions commonly denominating selfish. Hume.
DENOMINATIONAL,Pertaining to a denomination, especially to a sect or
society."Denominational differences." Buckle.
DENOMINATIONALISM,A denominational or class spirit or policy; devotion to
theinterests of a sect or denomination.
DENOMINATIONALIST,One imbued with a denominational spirit. The Century.
DENOMINATIONALLY,In a denominational manner; by denomination or sect.
DENOMINATIVE,Connotative; as, a denominative name.
DENOMINATIVELY,By denomination.
DENOMINATOR,That number placed below the line in vulgar fractions whichshows into
how many parts the integer or unit is divided.
DENOTABLE,Capable of being denoted or marked. Sir T. Browne.
DENOTATE,To mark off; to denote. [Archaic]These terms denotate a longer time.
Burton.What things should be denotated and signified by the color. Urquhart.
DENOTATION,The marking off or separation of anything. Hammond.
DENOTATIVE,Having power to denote; designating or marking off.Proper names are
preëminently denotative; telling us that such asobject has such a term to denote
it, but telling us nothing as to anysingle attribute. Latham.
DENOTEMENT,Sign; indication. [R.]
DENOTIVE,Serving to denote.
DENOUNCEMENT,Solemn, official, or menacing announcement; denunciation.
[Archaic]False is the reply of Cain, upon the denouncement of his curse. SirT.
Browne.
DENOUNCER,One who denounces, or declares, as a menace.Here comes the sad denouncer
of my fate. Dryden.
DENSELY,In a dense, compact manner.
DENSENESS,The quality of being dense; density.
DENSIMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity or densityof a
substance.
DENSITY,The ratio of mass, or quantity of matter, to bulk or volume,esp. as
compared with the mass and volume of a portion of somesubstance used as a standard.
DENT,To make a dent upon; to indent.The houses dented with bullets. Macaulay.
DENTAL,Formed by the aid of the teeth; -- said of certainarticulations and the
letters representing them; as, d t are dentalletters. Dental formula (Zoöl.), a
brief notation used by zoölogiststo denote the number and kind of teeth of a
mammal.-- Dental surgeon, a dentist.
DENTALISM,The quality of being formed by the aid of the teeth.
DENTALIUM,A genus of marine mollusks belonging to the Scaphopoda, havinga tubular
conical shell.
DENTARY,Pertaining to, or bearing, teeth.-- n.
DENTATE-CILIATE,Having the margin dentate and also ciliate or fringed withhairs.
DENTATE-SINUATE,Having a form intermediate between dentate and sinuate.
DENTATELY,In a dentate or toothed manner; as, dentately ciliated, etc.
DENTATION,Formation of teeth; toothed form. [R.]How did it [a bill] get its barb,
its dentation Paley.
DENTED,Indented; impressed with little hollows.
DENTEL,Same as Dentil.
DENTELLE,An ornamental tooling like lace. Knight.
DENTELLI,Modillions. Spectator.
DENTEX,An edible European marine fish (Sparus dentex, or Dentexvulgaris) of the
family Percidæ.
DENTICETE,The division of Cetacea in which the teeth are developed,including the
sperm whale, dolphins, etc.
DENTICLE,A small tooth or projecting point.
DENTICULATION,A diminutive tooth; a denticle.
DENTIFEROUS,Bearing teeth; dentigerous.
DENTIFORM,Having the form of a tooth or of teeth; tooth-shaped.
DENTIFRICE,A powder or other substance to be used in cleaning the teeth;tooth
powder.
DENTIGEROUS,Bearing teeth or toothlike structures.
DENTIL,A small square block or projection in cornices, a number ofwhich are ranged
in an ornamental band; -- used particularly in theIonic, Corinthian, and Composite
orders.
DENTILABIAL,Formed by the teeth and the lips, or representing a sound soformed.--
n.
DENTILATED,Toothed.
DENTILATION,Dentition.
DENTILAVE,A wash for cleaning the teeth.
DENTILE,A small tooth, like that of a saw.
DENTILINGUAL,Produced by applying the tongue to the teeth or to the gums;
orrepresenting a sound so formed.-- n.
DENTILOQUIST,One who speaks through the teeth, that is, with the teethclosed.
DENTILOQUY,The habit or practice of speaking through the teeth, or withthem closed.
DENTINAL,Of or pertaining to dentine.
DENTINE,The dense calcified substance of which teeth are largelycomposed. It
contains less animal matter than bone, and in the teethof man is situated beneath
the enamel.
DENTIPHONE,An instrument which, placed against the teeth, conveys sound tothe
auditory nerve; an audiphone. Knight.
DENTIROSTER,A dentirostral bird.
DENTIROSTRAL,Having a toothed bill; -- applied to a group of passerinebirds, having
the bill notched, and feeding chiefly on insects, asthe shrikes and vireos. See
Illust. (N) under Beak.
DENTIROSTRATE,Dentirostral.
DENTISCALP,An instrument for scraping the teeth.
DENTIST,One whose business it is to clean, extract, or repair naturalteeth, and to
make and insert artificial ones; a dental surgeon.
DENTISTRY,The art or profession of a dentist; dental surgery.
DENTITION,The system of teeth peculiar to an animal.
DENTIZE,To breed or cut new teeth. [R.]The old countess . . . did dentize twice or
thrice. Bacon.
DENTOID,Shaped like a tooth; tooth-shaped.
DENTOLINGUAL,Dentilingual.
DENTURE,An artificial tooth, block, or set of teeth.
DENUDATE,To denude. [Obs. or R.]
DENUDATION,The laying bare of rocks by the washing away of the overlyingearth,
etc.; or the excavation and removal of them by the action ofrunning water.
DENUDE,To divest of all covering; to make bare or naked; to strip; todivest; as, to
denude one of clothing, or lands.
DENUNCIATE,To denounce; to condemn publicly or solemnly. [R.]To denunciate this new
work. Burke.
DENUNCIATIVE,Same as Denunciatory. Farrar.
DENUNCIATOR,One who denounces, publishes, or proclaims, especially intendedor
coming evil; one who threatens or accuses.
DENUNCIATORY,Characterized by or containing a denunciation; minatory;accusing;
threatening; as, severe and denunciatory language.
DENUTRITION,The opposition of nutrition; the failure of nutrition causingthe
breaking down of tissue.
DENY,To answer inThen Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid.
Gen.xviii. 15.
DENYINGLY,In the manner of one denies a request. Tennyson.
DEOBSTRUCT,To remove obstructions or impediments in; to clear fromanything that
hinders the passage of fluids; as, to deobstruct thepores or lacteals. Arbuthnot.
DEOBSTRUENT,Removing obstructions; having power to clear or open thenatural ducts
of the fluids and secretions of the body; aperient.-- n.
DEODAND,A personal chattel which had caused the death of a person, andfor that
reason was given to God, that is, forfeited to the crown, tobe applied to pious
uses, and distributed in alms by the highalmoner. Thus, if a cart ran over a man
and killed him, it wasforfeited as a deodand.
DEODAR,A kind of cedar (Cedrus Deodara), growing in India, highlyvalued for its
size and beauty as well as for its timber, and alsogrown in England as an
ornamental tree.
DEODATE,A gift or offering to God. [Obs.]Wherein that blessed widow's deodate was
laid up. Hooker.
DEODORANT,A deodorizer.
DEODORIZATION,The act of depriving of odor, especially of offensive odorsresulting
from impurities.
DEODORIZE,To deprive of odor, especially of such as results fromimpurities.
DEODORIZER,He who, or that which, deodorizes; esp., an agent that destroysoffensive
odors.
DEONERATE,To unload; to disburden. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEONTOLOGICAL,Pertaining to deontology.
DEONTOLOGIST,One versed in deontology.
DEONTOLOGY,The science relat J. Bentham.
DEOPERCULATE,Having the lid removed; -- said of the capsules of mosses.
DEOPPILATE,To free from obstructions; to clear a passage through. [Obs.]Boyle.
DEOPPILATION,Removal of whatever stops up the passages. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
DEOPPILATIVE,Deobstruent; aperient. [Obs.] Harvey.
DEORDINATION,Disorder; dissoluteness. [Obs.]Excess of rideordination. Jer. Taylor.
DEOSCULATE,To kiss warmly. [Obs.] -- De*os`cu*la"tion, n. [Obs.]
DEOXIDATE,To deoxidize.
DEOXIDATION,The act or process of reducing from the state of an oxide.
DEOXIDIZATION,Deoxidation.
DEOXIDIZE,To deprive of oxygen; to reduce from the state of an oxide.
DEOXIDIZER,That which removes oxygen; hence, a reducing agent; as, nascenthydrogen
is a deoxidizer.
DEOXYGENATE,To deoxidize. [Obs.]
DEOXYGENATION,The act or operation of depriving of oxygen.
DEOXYGENIZE,To deoxidize.
DEPAINT,Painted. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEPAINTER,One who depaints. [Obs.]
DEPARDIEUX,In God's name; certainly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEPARTABLE,Divisible. [Obs.] Bacon.
DEPARTMENT STORE,A store keeping a great variety of goods which are arranged
inseveral departments, esp. one with dry goods as the principal stock.
DEPARTMENTAL,Pertaining to a department or division. Burke.
DEPARTURE,The desertion by a party to any pleading of the ground taken byhim in his
last antecedent pleading, and the adoption of another.Bouvier.
DEPASCENT,Feeding. [R.]
DEPASTURE,To pasture; to feed; to graze; also, to use for pasture. [R.]Cattle, to
graze and departure in his grounds. Blackstone.A right to cut wood upon or
departure land. Washburn.
DEPATRIATE,To withdraw, or cause to withdraw, from one's country; tobanish. [Obs.]A
subject born in any state May, if he please, depatriate. Mason.
DEPAUPERATE,To make poor; to impoverish.Liming does not depauperate; the ground
will last long, and bearlarge grain. Mortimer.Humility of mind which depauperates
the spirit. Jer. Taylor.
DEPAUPERIZE,To free from paupers; to rescue from poverty. [R.]
DEPEACH,To discharge. [Obs.]As soon as the party . . . before our justices shall be
depeached.Hakluyt.
DEPECTIBLE,Tough; thick; capable of extension. [Obs.]Some bodies are of a more
depectible nature than oil. Bacon.
DEPECULATION,A robbing or embezzlement. [Obs.]Depeculation of the public treasure.
Hobbes.
DEPEINCT,To paint. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEPENDABLE,Worthy of being depended on; trustworthy. "Dependablefriendships." Pope.
DEPENDENTLY,In a dependent manner.
DEPENDER,One who depends; a dependent.
DEPENDINGLY,As having dependence. Hale.
DEPEOPLE,To depopulate. [Obs.]
DEPERDIT,That which is lost or destroyed. [R.] Paley.
DEPERDITELY,, adv. Hopelessly; despairingly; in the manner of one ruined;as,
deperditely wicked. [Archaic]
DEPERDITION,Loss; destruction. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne.
DEPERTIBLE,Divisible. [Obs.] Bacon.
DEPHASE,To put out of phase, as two parts of a single alternatingcurrent.
DEPHLEGM,To rid of phlegm or water; to dephlegmate. [Obs.] Boyle.
DEPHLEGMATE,To deprive of superabundant water, as by evaporation ordistillation; to
clear of aqueous matter; to rectify; -- used ofspirits and acids.
DEPHLEGMATION,The operation of separating water from spirits and acids,
byevaporation or repeated distillation; -- called also concentration,especially
when acids are the subject of it. [Obs.]
DEPHLEGMATOR,An instrument or apparatus in which water is separated byevaporation
or distillation; the part of a distilling apparatus inwhich the separation of the
vapors is effected.
DEPHLEGMATORY,Pertaining to, or producing, dephlegmation.
DEPHLEGMEDNESS,A state of being freed from water. [Obs.] Boyle.
DEPHLOGISTICCATE,To deprive of phlogiston, or the supposed principle
ofinflammability. Priestley. Dephlogisticated air, oxygen gas; -- socalled by Dr.
Priestly and others of his time.-- De`phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion, n.
DEPHOSPHORIZATION,The act of freeing from phosphorous.
DEPICT,Depicted. Lydgate.
DEPICTION,A painting or depicting; a representation.
DEPICTURE,To make a picture of; to paint; to picture; to depict.Several persons
were depictured in caricature. Fielding.
DEPILATE,To strip of hair; to husk. Venner.
DEPILATION,Act of pulling out or removing the hair; unhairing. Dryden.
DEPILATORY,Having the quality or power of removing hair.-- n.
DEPILOUS,Hairless. Sir t. Browne.
DEPLANATE,Flattened; made level or even.
DEPLANT,To take up (plants); to transplant. [R.]
DEPLANTATION,Act of taking up plants from beds.
DEPLETE,To empty or unload, as the vessels of human system, bybloodletting or by
medicine. Copland.
DEPLETION,the act or process of diminishing the quantity of fluid in thevessels by
bloodletting or otherwise; also excessive evacuation, asin severe diarrhea.
DEPLETIVE,Able or fitted to deplete.-- n.
DEPLETORY,Serving to deplete.
DEPLICATION,An unfolding, untwisting, or unplaiting. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
DEPLOITATION,Same as Exploitation.
DEPLORABILITY,Deplorableness. Stormonth.
DEPLORABLE,Worthy of being deplored or lamented; lamentable; causinggrief; hence,
sad; calamitous; grievous; wretched; as, life's evilsare deplorable.Individual
sufferers are in a much more deplorable conditious thanany others. Burke.
DEPLORABLENESS,State of being deplorable.
DEPLORABLY,In a deplorable manner.
DEPLORATE,Deplorable. [Obs.]A more deplorate estate. Baker.
DEPLORATION,The act of deploring or lamenting; lamentation. Speed.
DEPLORE,To lament. Gray.
DEPLOREDLY,Lamentably.
DEPLOREDNESS,The state of being deplored or deplorable. [R.] Bp. Hail.
DEPLOREMENT,Deploration. [Obs.]
DEPLORER,One who deplores.
DEPLORINGLY,In a deploring manner.
DEPLOY,To open out; to unfold; to spread out (a body of troops) insuch a way that
they shall display a wider front and less depth; --the reverse of ploy; as, to
deploy a column of troops into line ofbattle.
DEPLUMATE,Destitute or deprived of features; deplumed.
DEPLUMATION,A disease of the eyelids, attended with loss of the eyelashes.Thomas.
DEPOLARIZATION,The act of depriving of polarity, or the result of such
action;reduction to an unpolarized condition. Depolarization of light(Opt.), a
change in the plane of polarization of rays, especially bya crystalline medium,
such that the light which had been extinguishedby the analyzer reappears as if the
polarization had been anulled.The word is inappropriate, as the ray does not return
to theunpolarized condition.
DEPOLARIZE,To deprive of polarity; to reduce to an unpolarized condition.
DEPOLARIZER,A substance used to prevent polarization, as upon the negativeplate of
a voltaic battery.
DEPOLISH,To remove the polish or glaze from.
DEPOLISHING,The process of removing the vitreous glaze from porcelain,leaving the
dull luster of the surface of ivory porcelian. Knight.
DEPONE,To testify under oath; to depose; to bear witness. [AScotticism]The fairy
Glorians, whose credibility on this point can not be calledin question, depones to
the confinement of Merlin in a tree. Dunlop.
DEPONENT,One who deposes or testifies under oath; one who givesevidence; usually,
one who testifies in writing.
DEPOPULACY,Depopulation; destruction of population. [R.] Chapman.
DEPOPULATE,To deprive of inhabitants, whether by death or by expulsion; toreduce
greatly the populousness of; to dispeople; to unpeople.Where is this viper, That
would depopulate the city Shak.
DEPOPULATION,The act of depopulating, or condition of being depopulated;destruction
or explusion of inhabitants.The desolation and depopulation [of St.Quentin] were
now complete.Motley.
DEPOPULATOR,One who depopulates; a dispeopler.
DEPORT,Behavior; carrige; demeanor; deportment. [Obs.] "Goddesslikedeport." Milton.
DEPORTATION,The act of deporting or exiling, or the state of beingdeported;
banishment; transportation.In their deportations, they had often the favor of their
conquerors.Atterbury.
DEPORTMENT,Manner of deporting or demeaning one's self; manner of acting;conduct;
carrige; especially, manner of acting with respect to thecourtesies and duties of
life; behavior; demeanor; bearing.The gravity of his deportment carried him safe
through manydifficulties. Swift.
DEPORTURE,Deportment. [Obs.]Stately port and majestical deporture. Speed.
DEPOSABLE,Capable of being deposed or deprived of office. Howell.
DEPOSAL,The act of deposing from office; a removal from the throne.Fox.
DEPOSE,To bear witness; to testify under oath; to make deposition.Then, seeing't
was he that made you to despose, Your oath, my lord,is vain and frivolous. Shak.
DEPOSIT,A natural occurrence of a useful mineral under the conditionsto invite
exploitation. Raymond.
DEPOSITARY,One to whom goods are bailed, to be kept for the bailor withouta
recompense. Kent.
DEPOSITION,The act of laying down one's testimony in writing; also,testimony laid
or taken down in writting, under oath or affirmation,befor some competent officer,
and in reply to interrogatories andcross-interrogatories.
DEPOSITOR,One who makes a deposit, especially of money in bank; -- thecorrelative
of depository.
DEPOSITUM,Deposit.
DEPOSITURE,The act of depositing; deposition. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DEPPER,Deeper. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEPRAVATION,Change for the worse; deterioration; morbid perversion.
DEPRAVEDLY,In a depraved manner.
DEPRAVEDNESS,Depravity. Hammond.
DEPRAVEMENT,Depravity. [Obs.] Milton.
DEPRAVER,One who deprave or corrupts.
DEPRAVINGLY,In a depraving manner.
DEPRAVITY,The stae of being depraved or corrupted; a vitiated state ofmoral
character; general badness of character; wickedness of mind orheart; absence of
religious feeling and principle. Total depravity.See Original sin, and Calvinism.
DEPRECABLE,That may or should be deprecated. Paley.
DEPRECATE,To pray against, as an evil; to seek to avert by player; todesire the
removal of; to seek deliverance from; to express deepregret for; to disapprove of
strongly.His purpose was deprecated by all round him, and he was withdifficulty
induced to adandon it. Sir W. Scott.
DEPRECATINGLY,In a deprecating manner.
DEPRECATIVE,Serving to deprecate; deprecatory.-- Dep"re*ca*tive*ly, adv.
DEPRECATOR,One who deprecates.
DEPRECATORY,Serving to deprecate; tending to remove or avert evil byprayer;
apologetic.Humble and deprecatory letters. Bacon.
DEPRECIATE,To lessen in price or estimated value; to lower the worth of;to
represent as of little value or claim to esteem; to undervalue.Addison.Which . . .
some over-severe phoilosophers may look uponfastidiously, or undervalue and
depreciate. Cudworth.To prove that the Americans ought not to be free, we are
obliged todepreciate the value of freedom itself. Burke.
DEPRECIATIVE,Tending, or intended, to depreciate; expressing
depreciation;undervaluing.-- De*pre"ci*a`tive*ly, adv.
DEPRECIATOR,One who depreciates.
DEPRECIATORY,Tending to depreciate; undervaluing; depreciative.
DEPREDABLE,Liable to depredation. [Obs.] "Made less depredable." Bacon.
DEPREDATE,To subject to plunder and pillage; to despoil; to lay waste; toprey
upon.It makes the substance of the body . . . less apt to be consumed anddepredated
by the spirits. Bacon.
DEPREDATION,The act of depredating, or the state of being depredated; theact of
despoiling or making inroads; as, the sea often makesdepredation on the land.
DEPREDATOR,One who plunders or pillages; a spoiler; a robber.
DEPREDATORY,Tending or designed to depredate; characterized by
depredation;plundering; as, a depredatory incursion.
DEPREDICATE,To proclaim; to celebrate. [R.]
DEPREHENSIBLE,That may be caught or discovered; apprehensible. [Obs.] Petty.--
Dep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n. [Obs.]
DEPREHENSION,A catching; discovery. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DEPRESS,To reduce (an equation) in a lower degree. To depress the pole(Naut.), to
cause the sidereal pole to appear lower or nearer thehorizon, as by sailing toward
the equator.
DEPRESSANT,An agent or remedy which lowers the vital powers.
DEPRESSED,Having the vertical diameter shorter than the horizontal ortransverse; --
said of the bodies of animals, or of parts of thebodies.
DEPRESSINGLY,In a depressing manner.
DEPRESSION,The angular distance of a celestial object below the horizon.
DEPRESSIVE,Able or tending to depress or cast down.-- De*press"ive*ness, n.
DEPRESSOMOTOR,Depressing or diminishing the capacity for movement, asdepressomotor
nerves, which lower or inhibit muscular activity.-- n.
DEPRESSOR,A muscle that depresses or tends to draw down a part. Depressornerve
(Physiol.), a nerve which lowers the activity of an organ; as,the depressor nerve
of the heart.
DEPRIMENT,Serving to depress. [R.] "Depriment muscles." Derham.
DEPRISURE,Low estimation; disesteem; contempt. [Obs.]
DEPRIVABLE,Capable of being, or liable to be, deprived; liable to bedeposed.Kings
of Spain . . . deprivable for their tyrannies. Prynne.
DEPRIVATION,the taking away from a clergyman his benefice, or otherspiritual
promotion or dignity.
DEPRIVEMENT,Deprivation. [R.]
DEPRIVER,One who, or that which, deprives.
DEPROSTRATE,Fully prostrate; humble; low; rude. [Obs.]How may weak mortal ever hope
to file His unsmooth tongue, and hisdeprostrate style. G. Fletcher.
DEPROVINCIALIZE,To divest of provincial quality or characteristics.
DEPTH,The number of simple elements which an abstract conception ornotion includes;
the comprehension or content.
DEPTHEN,To deepen. [Obs.]
DEPUCELATE,To deflour; to deprive of virginity. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEPUDICATE,To deflour; to dishonor. [Obs.]
DEPULSE,To drive away. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DEPULSION,A driving or thrusting away. [R.] Speed.
DEPULSORY,Driving or thrusting away; averting. [R.] Holland.
DEPURANT,Depurative.
DEPURATE,Depurated; cleansed; freed from impurities. Boyle.
DEPURATION,The act or process of depurating or freeing from foreign orimpure
matter, as a liquid or wound.
DEPURATIVE,Purifying the blood or the humors; depuratory.-- n.
DEPURATOR,One who, or that which, cleanses.
DEPURATORY,Depurating; tending to depurate or cleanse; depurative.
DEPURE,To depurate; to purify. [Obs.]He shall first be depured and cleansed before
that he shall be laidup for pure gold in the treasures of God. Sir T. More.
DEPURGATORY,Serving to purge; tending to cleanse or purify. [Obs.]Cotgrave.
DEPURITION,See Depuration.
DEPUTABLE,Fit to be deputed; suitable to act as a deputy. Carlyle.
DEPUTATOR,One who deputes, or makes a deputation. [R.] Locke.
DEPUTE,A person deputed; a deputy. [Scot.]
DEPUTIZE,To appoint as one's deputy; to empower to act in one's stead;to depute.
DEQUANTITATE,To diminish the quantity of; to disquantity. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
DEQUEEN,To remove the queen from (a hive of bees).
DERACINATE,To pluck up by the roots; to extirpate. [R.]While that the colter rusts
That should deracinate such savagery.Shak.
DERACINATION,The act of pulling up by the roots; eradication. [R.]
DERAIL,To cause to run off from the rails of a railroad, as alocomotive. Lardner.
DERAILMENT,The act of going off, or the state of being off, the rails of arailroad.
DERANGED,Disordered; especially, disordered in mind; crazy; insane.The story of a
poor deranged parish lad. Lamb.
DERANGEMENT,The act of deranging or putting out of order, or the state ofbeing
deranged; disarrangement; disorder; confusion; especially,mental disorder;
insanity.
DERANGER,One who deranges.
DERAY,Disorder; merriment. [Obs.]
DERBIO,A large European food fish (Lichia glauca).
DERBYSHIRE SPAR,A massive variety of fluor spar, found in Derbyshire, England,and
wrought into vases and other ornamental work.
DERDOING,Doing daring or chivalrous deeds. [Obs.] "In derdoing arms."Spenser.
DERE,To hurt; to harm; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DERECHO,A straight wind without apparent cyclonic tendency, usuallyaccompanied with
rain and often destructive, common in the prairieregions of the United States.
DERELICTION,A retiring of the sea, occasioning a change of high-water mark,whereby
land is gained.
DERELIGIONIZE,To make irreligious; to turn from religion. [R.]He would
dereligionize men beyond all others. De Quincey.
DERELING,Darling. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DERF,Strong; powerful; fierce. [Obs.] -- Derf"ly, adv. [Obs.]
DERIDE,To laugh at with contempt; to laugh to scorn; to turn toridicule or make
sport of; to mock; to scoff at.And the Pharisees, also, . . . derided him. Luke
xvi. 14.Sport that wrinkled Care derides. And Laughter holding both hissides.
Milton.
DERIDER,One who derides, or laughs at, another in contempt; a mocker; ascoffer.
DERIDINGLY,By way of derision or mockery.
DERISIVE,Expressing, serving for, or characterized by, derision."Derisive taunts."
Pope.-- De*ri"sive*ly, adv.-- De*ri"sive*ness, n.
DERISORY,Derisive; mocking. Shaftesbury.
DERIVABLE,That can be derived; obtainable by transmission; capable ofbeing known by
inference, as from premises or data; capable of beingtraced, as from a radical; as,
income is derivable from varioussources.All honor derivable upon me. South.The
exquisite pleasure derivable from the true and beautifulrelations of domestic life.
H. G. Bell.The argument derivable from the doxologies. J. H. Newman.
DERIVABLY,By derivation.
DERIVAL,Derivation. [R.]The derival of e from a. Earle.
DERIVATE,Derived; derivative. [R.] H. Taylor.-- n.
DERIVATION,The operation of deducing one function from another accordingto some
fixed law, called the law of derivation, as the ofdifferentiation or of
integration.
DERIVATIONAL,Relating to derivation. Earle.
DERIVATIVE,Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, orfundamental;
originating, deduced, or formed from something else;secondary; as, a derivative
conveyance; a derivative word. Derivativecirculation, a modification of the
circulation found in some parts ofthe body, in which the arteries empty directly
into the veins withoutthe interposition of capillaries. Flint.-- De*riv"a*tive*ly,
adv.-- De*riv"a*tive*ness, n.
DERIVE,To obtain one substance from another by actual or theoreticalsubstitution;
as, to derive an organic acid from its correspondinghydrocarbon.
DERIVEMENT,That which is derived; deduction; inference. [Obs.]I offer these
derivements from these subjects. W. Montagu.
DERIVER,One who derives.
DERK,Dark. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DERM,See Dermis.
DERMA,See Dermis.
DERMAL,Pertaining to the dermis or true skin.
DERMATITIS,Inflammation of the skin.
DERMATOGEN,Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a formingcondition.
DERMATOGRAPHY,An anatomical description of, or treatise on, the skin.
DERMATOID,Resembling
DERMATOLOGIST,One who discourses on the skin and its diseases; one versed
indermatology.
DERMATOLOGY,The science which treats of the skin, its structure, functions,and
diseases.
DERMATOPATHIC,Of or pertaining to skin diseases, or their cure.
DERMATOPHYTE,A vegetable parasite, infesting the skin.
DERMESTES,A genus of coleopterous insects, the larvæ of which feed
animalsubstances. They are very destructive to dries meats, skins, woolens,and
furs. The most common species is D. lardarius, known as the baconbeetle.
DERMESTOID,Pertaining to or resembling the genus Dermestes.The carpet beetle,
called the buffalo moth, is a dermestoid beetle.Pop. Sci. Monthly.
DERMIC,Pertaining to the dermis; dermal.Underneath each nail the deep or dermic
layer of the integument ispeculiarly modified. Huxley.Dermic remedies (Med.), such
as act through the skin.
DERMIS,The deep sensitive layer of the skin beneath the scarfskin orepidermis; --
called also true skin, derm, derma, corium, cutis, andenderon. See Skin, and
Illust. in Appendix.
DERMOBRANCHIATA,A group of nudibranch mollusks without special gills.
DERMOBRANCHIATE,Having the skin modified to serve as a gill.
DERMOHAEMAL,Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal and hæmalstructures;
as, the dermohæmal spines or ventral fin rays of fishes.
DERMOID,Same as Dermatoid. Dermoid cyst (Med.), a cyst containing skin,or
structures connected with skin, such as hair.
DERMONEURAL,Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal and neuralstructures;
as, the dermoneural spines or dorsal fin rays of fishes.Owen.
DERMOPATHIC,Dermatopathic.
DERMOPHYTE,A dermatophyte.
DERMOPTERA,The division of insects which includes the earwigs(Forticulidæ).
DERMOPTERAN,An insect which has the anterior pair of wings coriaceous, anddoes not
use them in flight, as the earwig.
DERMOPTERI,Same as Dermopterygii.
DERMOPTERYGII,A group of fishlike animals including the Marsipobranchiata
andLeptocardia.
DERMOSKELETON,See Exoskeleton.
DERMOSTOSIS,Ossification of the dermis.
DERN,A gatepost or doorpost. [Local Eng.] C. Kingsley.
DERNE,To hide; to skulk. [Scot.]He at length escaped them by derning himself in a
foxearth. H.Miller.
DERNFUL,Secret; hence, lonely; sad; mournful. [Obs.] "Dernful noise."Spenser.
DERNIER,Last; final. Dernier ressort ( Etym: [F.], last resort orexpedient.
DERNLY,Secretly; grievously; mournfully. [Obs.] Spenser.
DEROGANT,Derogatory. [R.] T. Adams.
DEROGATE,Diminished in value; dishonored; degraded. [R.] Shak.
DEROGATELY,In a derogatory manner.
DEROGATION,An alteration of, or subtraction from, a contract for a sale ofstocks.
DEROGATIVE,Derogatory.-- De*rog"a*tive*ly, adv. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DEROGATOR,A detractor.
DEROGATORILY,In a derogatory manner; disparagingly. Aubrey.
DEROGATORINESS,Quality of being derogatory.
DEROGATORY,Tending to derogate, or lessen in value; expressing
derogation;detracting; injurious; -- with from to, or unto.Acts of Parliament
derogatory from the power of subsequentParliaments bind not. Blackstone.His
language was severely censured by some of his brother peers asderogatory to their
other. Macaulay.Derogatory clause in a testament (Law), a sentence of
secretcharacter inserted by the testator alone, of which he reserves theknowledge
to himself, with a condition that no will he may makethereafter shall be valid,
unless this clause is inserted word forword; -- a precaution to guard against later
wills extorted byviolence, or obtained by suggestion.
DEROTREMATA,The tribe of aquatic Amphibia which includes Amphiuma,Menopoma, etc.
They have permanent gill openings, but no externalgills; -- called also
Cryptobranchiata. [Written also Derotrema.]
DERRE,Dearer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DERRICK,A mast, spar, or tall frame, supported at the top by stays orguys, with
suitable tackle for hoisting heavy weights, as stones inbuilding. Derrick crane, a
combination of the derrick and the crane,having facility for hoisting and also for
swinging the loadhorizontally.
DERRING,Daring or warlike. [Obs.]Drad for his derring doe and bloody deed. Spenser.
DERRINGER,A kind of short-barreled pocket pistol, of very large caliber,often
carrying a half-ounce ball.
DERTH,Dearth; scarcity. [Obs.] Spenser.
DERTROTHECA,The horny covering of the end of the bill of birds.
DERWORTH,Precious. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
DESCANTER,One who descants.
DESCEND,To move toward the south, or to the southward.
DESCENDANT,Descendent.
DESCENDENT,Descending; falling; proceeding from an ancestor or source.More than
mortal grace Speaks thee descendent of ethereal race. Pope.
DESCENDER,One who descends.
DESCENDIBILITY,The quality of being descendible; capability of beingtransmitted
from ancestors; as, the descendibility of an estate.
DESCENDING,Of or pertaining to descent; moving downwards. Descendingconstellations
or signs (Astron.), those through which the planetsdescent toward the south.--
Descending node (Astron.), that point in a planet's orbit whereit intersects the
ecliptic in passing southward.-- Descending series (Math.), a series in which each
term isnumerically smaller than the preceding one; also, a series arrangedaccording
to descending powers of a quantity.
DESCENDINGLY,In a descending manner.
DESCENSION,The act of going downward; descent; falling or sinking;declension;
degradation. Oblique descension (Astron.), the degree orarc of the equator which
descends, with a celestial object, below thehorizon of an oblique sphere.-- Right
descension, the degree or arc of the equator which descendsbelow the horizon of a
right sphere at the same time with the object.[Obs.]
DESCENSIONAL,Pertaining to descension. Johnson.
DESCENSIVE,Tending to descend; tending downwards; descending. Smart.
DESCENSORY,A vessel used in alchemy to extract oils.
DESCENT,Transmission of an estate by inheritance, usually, but notnecessarily, in
the descending line; title to inherit an estate byreason of consanguinity. Abbott.
DESCRIBABLE,That can be described; capable of description.
DESCRIBE,To use the faculty of describing; to give a description; as,Milton
describes with uncommon force and beauty.
DESCRIBENT,Same as Generatrix.
DESCRIBER,One who describes.
DESCRIER,One who descries.
DESCRIPTIVE,Tending to describe; having the quality of representing;containing
description; as, a descriptive figure; a descriptivephrase; a descriptive
narration; a story descriptive of the age.Descriptive anatomy, that part of anatomy
which treats of the formsand relations of parts, but not of their textures.--
Descriptive geometry, that branch of geometry. which treats ofthe graphic solution
of problems involving three dimensions, by meansof projections upon auxiliary
planes. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ) --De*scrip"tive*ly, adv.-- De*scrip"tive*ness,
n.
DESCRIVE,To describe. [Obs.] Spenser.
DESCRY,, Discovery or view, as of an army seen at a distance. [Obs.]Near, and on
speedy foot; the main descry Stands on the hourlythought. Shak.
DESECATE,To cut, as with a scythe; to mow. [Obs.]
DESECRATE,To divest of a sacred character or office; to divert from asacred
purpose; to violate the sanctity of; to profane; to put to anunworthy use; -- the
opposite of consecrate.The [Russian] clergy can not suffer corporal punishment
without beingpreviously desecrated. W. Tooke.The founders of monasteries imprecated
evil on those who shoulddesecrate their donations. Salmon.
DESECRATER,One who desecrates; a profaner. Harper's Mag.
DESECRATION,The act of desecrating; profanation; condition of anythingdesecrated.
DESECRATOR,One who desecrates. "Desecrators of the church." Morley.
DESEGMENTATION,The loss or obliteration of division into segments; as,
adesegmentation of the body.
DESERT,That which is deserved; the reward or the punishment justlydue; claim to
recompense, usually in a good sense; right to reward;merit.According to their
deserts will I judge them. Ezek. vii. 27.Andronicus, surnamed Pius For many good
and great deserts to Rome.Shak.His reputation falls far below his desert. A.
Hamilton.
DESERTER,One who forsakes a duty, a cause or a party, a friend, or anyone to whom
he owes service; especially, a soldier or a seaman whoabandons the service without
leave; one guilty of desertion.
DESERTFUL,Meritorious. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
DESERTLESS,Without desert. [R.]
DESERTLESSLY,Undeservedly. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
DESERTNESS,A deserted condition. [R.] "The desertness of the country."Udall.
DESERVE,To be worthy of recompense; -- usually with ill or with well.One man may
merit or deserve of another. South.
DESERVEDLY,According to desert (whether good or evil); justly.
DESERVEDNESS,Meritoriousness.
DESERVER,One who deserves.
DESERVING,Desert; merit.A person of great deservings from the republic. Swift.
DESHABILLE,An undress; a careless toilet.
DESICCANT,Drying; desiccative.-- n.
DESICCATE,To dry up; to deprive or exhaust of moisture; to preserve bydrying; as,
to desiccate fish or fruit.Bodies desiccated by heat or age. Bacon.
DESICCATION,The act of desiccating, or the state of being desiccated.
DESICCATIVE,Drying; tending to dry. Ferrand.-- n. (Med.)
DESICCATOR,A short glass jar fitted with an air-tight cover, andcontaining some
desiccating agent, as sulphuric acid or calciumchloride, above which is suspended
the material to be dried, orpreserved from moisture.
DESICCATORY,Desiccative.
DESIDERABLE,Desirable. [R.] "Good and desiderable things." Holland.
DESIDERATA,See Desideratum.
DESIDERATE,To desire; to feel the want of; to lack; to miss; to want.Pray have the
goodness to point out one word missing that ought tohave been there -- please to
insert a desiderated stanza. You cannot. Prof. Wilson.Men were beginning . . . to
desiderate for them an actual abode offire. A. W. Ward.
DESIDERATION,Act of desiderating; also, the thing desired. [R.] Jeffrey.
DESIDERATIVE,Denoting desire; as, desiderative verbs.
DESIDERATUM,Anything desired; that of which the lack is felt; a wantgenerally felt
and acknowledge.
DESIDIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being desidiose, or indolent. [Obs.] N.Bacon.
DESIGHT,An unsightly object. [Obs.]
DESIGHTMENT,The act of making unsightly; disfigurement. [R.]To substitute jury
masts at whatever desightment or damage in risk.London Times.
DESIGN,To form a design or designs; to plan. Design for, to intend togo to. [Obs.]
"From this city she designed for Collin [Cologne]."Evelyn.
DESIGNABLE,Capable of being designated or distinctly marked out;distinguishable.
Boyle.
DESIGNATE,Designated; appointed; chosen. [R.] Sir G. Buck.
DESIGNATIVE,Serving to designate or indicate; pointing out.
DESIGNATOR,An officer who assigned to each his rank and place in publicshows and
ceremonies.
DESIGNATORY,Serving to designate; designative; indicating. [R.]
DESIGNEDLY,By design; purposely; intentionally; -- opposed toaccidentally,
ignorantly, or inadvertently.
DESIGNER,One who produces or creates original works of art ordecoration.
DESIGNFUL,Full of design; scheming. [R.] -- De*sign"ful*ness, n. [R.]Barrow.
DESIGNING,Intriguing; artful; scheming; as, a designing man.
DESIGNLESS,Without design. [Obs.] -- De*sign"less*ly, adv. [Obs.]
DESILVER,To deprive of silver; as, to desilver lead.
DESILVERIZATION,The act or the process of freeing from silver; also, thecondition
resulting from the removal of silver.
DESILVERIZE,To deprive, or free from, silver; to remove silver from.
DESINENCE,Termination; ending. Bp. Hall.
DESINENT,Ending; forming an end; lowermost. [Obs.] "Their desinentparts, fish." B.
Jonson.
DESINENTIAL,Terminal.Furthermore, b, as a desinential element, has a dynamic
function.Fitzed. Hall.
DESIPIENT,Foolish; silly; trifling. [R.]
DESIRABILITY,The state or quality of being desirable; desirableness.
DESIRABLE,Worthy of desire or longing; fitted to excite desire or a wishto possess;
pleasing; agreeable.All of them desirable young men. Ezek. xxiii. 12.As things
desirable excite Desire, and objects move the appetite.Blackmore.
DESIRABLENESS,The quality of being desirable.The desirableness of the Austrian
alliance. Froude.
DESIRABLY,In a desirable manner.
DESIREFUL,Filled with desire; eager. [R.]The desireful troops. Godfrey (1594).
DESIREFULNESS,The state of being desireful; eagerness to obtain and possess.[R.]The
desirefulness of our minds much augmenteth and increaseth ourpleasure. Udall.
DESIRELESS,Free from desire. Donne.
DESIRER,One who desires, asks, or wishes.
DESIROUS,Feeling desire; eagerly wishing; solicitous; eager to
obtain;covetous.Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him. John xvi. 19.Be not
desirous of his dainties. Prov. xxiii. 3.
DESIROUSLY,With desire; eagerly.
DESIROUSNESS,The state of being desirous.
DESIST,To cease to proceed or act; to stop; to forbear; -- often withfrom.Never
desisting to do evil. E. Hall.To desist from his bad practice. Massinger.Desist
(thou art discern'd, And toil'st in vain). Milton.
DESISTANCE,The act or state of desisting; cessation. [R.] Boyle.If fatigue of body
or brain were in every case followed by desistance. . . then would the system be
but seldom out of working order. H.Spencer.
DESISTIVE,Final; conclusive; ending. [R.]
DESITION,An end or ending. [R.]
DESITIVE,Final; serving to complete; conclusive. [Obs.] "Desitivepropositions." I.
Watts.
DESK,To shut up, as in a desk; to treasure.
DESKWORK,Work done at a desk, as by a clerk or writer. Tennyson.
DESMAN,An amphibious, insectivorous mammal found in Russia (Myogalemoschata). It is
allied to the moles, but is called muscrat by someEnglish writers. [Written also
dæsman.]
DESMINE,Same as Stilbite. It commonly occurs in bundles or tufts ofcrystals.
DESMOBACTERIA,See Microbacteria.
DESMODONT,A member of a group of South American blood-sucking bats, ofthe genera
Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire.
DESMOGNATHOUS,Having the maxillo-palatine bones united; -- applied to a groupof
carinate birds (Desmognathæ), including various wading andswimming birds, as the
ducks and herons, and also raptorial and otherkinds.
DESMOID,Resembling, or having the characteristics of, a ligament;ligamentous.
DESMOLOGY,The science which treats of the ligaments. [R.]
DESMOMYARIA,The division of Tunicata which includes the Salpæ. See Salpa.
DESOLATELY,In a desolate manner.
DESOLATENESS,The state of being desolate.
DESOLATER,One who, or that which, desolates or lays waste. Mede.
DESOLATOR,Same as Desolater. Byron.
DESOLATORY,Causing desolation. [R.] Bp. Hall.
DESOPHISTICATE,To clear from sophism or error. [R.] Hare.
DESOXALIC,Made or derived from oxalic acid; as, desoxalic acid.
DESPAIR,To be hopeless; to have no hope; to give up all hope orexpectation; --
often with of.We despaired even of life. 2 Cor. i. 8.Never despair of God's
blessings here. Wake.
DESPAIRER,One who despairs.
DESPAIRFUL,Hopeless. [Obs.] Spenser.
DESPAIRING,Feeling or expressing despair; hopeless.-- De*spair"ing*ly, adv.--
De*spair"ing*ness, n.
DESPARPLE,To scatter; to disparkle. [Obs.] Mandeville.
DESPATCH,Same as Dispatch.
DESPECIFICATE,To discriminate; to separate according to specificsignification or
qualities; to specificate; to desynonymize. [R.]Inaptitude and ineptitude have been
usefully despecificated. Fitzed.Hall.
DESPECIFICATION,Discrimination.
DESPECT,Contempt. [R.] Coleridge.
DESPECTION,A looking down; a despising. [R.] W. Montagu.
DESPEED,To send hastily. [Obs.]Despeeded certain of their crew. Speed.
DESPEND,To spend; to squander. See Dispend. [Obs.]Some noble men in Spain can
despend Howell.
DESPERADO,A reckless, furious man; a person urged by furious passions,and
regardless of consequence; a wild ruffian.
DESPERATE,One desperate or hopeless. [Obs.]
DESPERATELY,In a desperate manner; without regard to danger or safety;recklessly;
extremely; as, the troops fought desperately.She fell desperately in love with him.
Addison.
DESPERATENESS,Desperation; virulence.
DESPICABILITY,Despicableness. [R.] Carlyle.
DESPICABLE,Fit or deserving to be despised; contemptible; mean; vile;worthless; as,
a despicable man; despicable company; a despicablegift.
DESPICABLENESS,The quality of being despicable; meanness; vileness;worthlessness.
DESPICABLY,In a despicable or mean manner; contemptibly; as, despicablystingy.
DESPICIENCY,A looking down; despection. [Obs.]
DESPISABLE,Despicable; contemptible. [R.]
DESPISAL,A despising; contempt. [R.]A despisal of religion. South.
DESPISE,To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; toscorn; to
disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of.Fools despise wisdom and
instruction. Prov. i. 7.Men naturally despise those who court them, but respect
those who donot give way to them. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
DESPISEDNESS,The state of being despised.
DESPISEMENT,A despising. [R.] Holland.
DESPISER,One who despises; a contemner; a scorner.
DESPISINGLY,Contemptuously.
DESPITE,To vex; to annoy; to offend contemptuously. [Obs.] Sir W.Raleigh.
DESPITEFUL,Full of despite; expressing malice or contemptuous hate;malicious.--
De*spite"ful*ly, adv.-- De*spite"ful*ness, n.Haters of God, despiteful, proud,
boasters. Rom. i. 30.Pray for them which despitefully use you. Matt. v. 44.Let us
examine him with despitefulness and fortune. Book of Wisdomii. 19.
DESPITEOUS,Feeling or showing despite; malicious; angry to excess;
cruel;contemptuous. [Obs.] "Despiteous reproaches." Holland.
DESPITEOUSLY,Despitefully. [Obs.]
DESPITOUS,Despiteous; very angry; cruel. [Obs.]He was to sinful man not despitous.
Chaucer.- De*spit"ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]
DESPOIL,Spoil. [Obs.] Wolsey.
DESPOILER,One who despoils.
DESPOILMENT,Despoliation. [R.]
DESPOLIATION,A stripping or plundering; spoliation. Bailey.
DESPOND,To give up, the will, courage, or spirit; to be thoroughlydisheartened; to
lose all courage; to become dispirited or depressed;to take an unhopeful view.I
should despair, or at least despond. Scott's Letters.Others depress their own
minds, [and] despond at the firstdifficulty. Locke.We wish that . . . desponding
patriotism may turn its eyeshitherward, and be assured that foundations of our
national powerstill stand strong. D. Webster.
DESPONDENCE,Despondency.The people, when once infected, lose their relish for
happiness [and]saunter about with looks of despondence. Goldsmith.
DESPONDENCY,The state of desponding; loss of hope and cessation of
effort;discouragement; depression or dejection of the mind.The unhappy prince
seemed, during some days, to be sunk indespondency. Macaulay.
DESPONDENT,Marked by despondence; given to despondence; low-spirited; as,a
despondent manner; a despondent prisoner.-- De*spond"ent*ly, adv.
DESPONDER,One who desponds.
DESPONDINGLY,In a desponding manner.
DESPONSAGE,Betrothal. [Obs.]Ethelbert . . . went peaceably to King Offa for
desponsage ofAthilrid, his daughter. Foxe.
DESPONSATE,To betroth. [Obs.] Johnson.
DESPONSATION,A betrothing; betrothal. [Obs.]For all this desponsation of her . . .
she had not set one steptoward the consummation of her marriage. Jer. Taylor.
DESPONSORY,A written pledge of marriage. Clarendon.
DESPORT,See Disport.
DESPOTAT,The station or government of a despot; also, the domain of adespot.
Freeman.
DESPOTIST,A supporter of despotism. [R.]
DESPOTIZE,To act the despot.
DESPREAD,See Dispread.
DESPUMATE,To throw off impurities in spume; to work off in foam or scum;to foam.
DESPUMATION,The act of throwing up froth or scum; separation of the scum
orimpurities from liquids; scumming; clarification.
DESPUME,To free from spume or scum. [Obs.]If honey be despumed. Holland.
DESQUAMATE,To peel off in the form of scales; to scale off, as the skin incertain
diseases.
DESQUAMATION,The separation or shedding of the cuticle or epidermis in theform of
flakes or scales; exfoliation, as of bones.
DESQUAMATORY,An instrument formerly used in removing the laminæ ofexfoliated bones.
DESS,Dais. [Obs.]
DESSERT,A service of pastry, fruits, or sweetmeats, at the close of afeast or
entertainment; pastry, fruits, etc., forming the last courseat dinner."An 't please
your honor," quoth the peasant, "This same dessert isnot so pleasant." Pope.Dessert
spoon, a spoon used in eating dessert; a spoon intermediatein size between a
teaspoon and a tablespoon.-- Dessert-spoonful, n., pl. Dessert-spoonfuls, as much
as a dessertspoon will hold, usually reckoned at about two and a half fluiddrams.
DESTEMPER,A kind of painting. See Distemper.
DESTIN,Destiny. [Obs.] Marston.
DESTINABLE,Determined by destiny; fated. Chaucer.
DESTINABLY,In a destinable manner.
DESTINAL,Determined by destiny; fated. [Obs.] "The order destinal."Chaucer.
DESTINATE,Destined. [Obs.] "Destinate to hell." Foxe.
DESTINE,To determine the future condition or application of; to setapart by design
for a future use or purpose; to fix, as by destiny orby an authoritative decree; to
doom; to ordain or preordain; toappoint; -- often with the remoter object preceded
by to or for.We are decreed, Reserved, and destined to eternal woe. Milton.Till the
loathsome opposite Of all my heart had destined, did obtain.Tennyson.Not enjoyment
and not sorrow Is our destined end or way. Longfellow.
DESTINIST,A believer in destiny; a fatalist. [R.]
DESTITUENT,Deficient; wanting; as, a destituent condition. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
DESTITUTELY,In destitution.
DESTITUTENESS,Destitution. [R.] Ash.
DESTITUTION,The state of being deprived of anything; the state or conditionof being
destitute, needy, or without resources; deficiency; lack;extreme poverty; utter
want; as, the inundation caused generaldestitution.
DESTRIE,To destroy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DESTROYABLE,Destructible. [R.]Plants . . . scarcely destroyable by the weather.
Derham.
DESTROYER,One who destroys, ruins, kills, or desolates.
DESTRUCT,To destroy. [Obs.] Mede.
DESTRUCTIBILITY,The quality of being capable of destruction; destructibleness.
DESTRUCTIBLE,Liable to destruction; capable of being destroyed.
DESTRUCTIBLENESS,The quality of being destructible.
DESTRUCTIONIST,One who believes in the final destruction or completeannihilation of
the wicked; -- called also annihilationist. Shipley.
DESTRUCTIVE,Causing destruction; tending to bring about ruin, death, ordevastation;
ruinous; fatal; productive of serious evil; mischievous;pernicious; -- often with
of or to; as, intemperance is destructiveof health; evil examples are destructive
to the morals of youth.Time's destructive power. Wordsworth.Destructive
distillation. See Distillation.-- Destructive sorties ( (Logic), a process of
reasoning whichinvolves the denial of the first of a series of
dependentpropositions as a consequence of the denial of the last; a species
ofreductio ad absurdum. Whately.
DESTRUCTIVELY,In a destructive manner.
DESTRUCTIVENESS,The faculty supposed to impel to the commission of acts
ofdestruction; propensity to destroy.
DESTRUCTOR,A destroyer. [R.]Fire, the destructive and the artificial death of
things. Boyle.
DESTRUIE,To destroy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DESUDATION,A sweating; a profuse or morbid sweating, often succeeded by aneruption
of small pimples.
DESUETE,Disused; out of use. [R.]
DESUETUDE,The cessation of use; disuse; discontinuance of practice,custom, or
fashion.The desuetude abrogated the law, which, before, custom hadestablished. Jer.
Taylor.
DESULPHURATE,To deprive of sulphur.
DESULPHURATION,The act or process of depriving of sulphur.
DESULPHURIZE,To desulphurate; to deprive of sulphur.-- De*sul`phur*i*za"tion, n.
DESULTORILY,In a desultory manner; without method; loosely; immethodically.
DESULTORINESS,The quality of being desultory or without order or
method;unconnectedness.The seeming desultoriness of my method. Boyle.
DESULTORIOUS,Desultory. [R.]
DESUME,To select; to borrow. [Obs.] Sir. M. Hale.
DESYNONYMIZATION,The act of desynonymizing.
DESYNONYMIZE,To deprive of synonymous character; to discriminate in use; --applied
to words which have been employed as synonyms. Coleridge.Trench.
DETACH,To push asunder; to come off or separate from anything; todisengage.[A
vapor] detaching, fold by fold, From those still heights.Tennyson.
DETACHABLE,That can be detached.
DETACHED,Separate; unconnected, or imperfectly connected; as, detachedparcels.
"Extensive and detached empire." Burke. Detached escapement.See Escapement.
DETAIL,The selection for a particular service of a person or a body ofmen; hence,
the person or the body of men so selected. Detaildrawing, a drawing of the full
size, or on a large scale, of somepart of a building, machine, etc.-- In detail, in
subdivisions; part by part; item; circumstantially;with particularity.
DETAILER,One who details.
DETAIN,Detention. [Obs.] Spenser.
DETAINDER,A writ. See Detinue.
DETAINMENT,Detention. [R.] Blackstone.
DETECT,Detected. [Obs.] Fabyan.
DETECTER,One who, or that which, detects or brings to light; one whofinds out what
another attempts to conceal; a detector.
DETECTION,The act of detecting; the laying open what was concealed orhidden;
discovery; as, the detection of a thief; the detection offraud, forgery, or a
plot.Such secrets of guilt are never from detection. D. Webster.
DETECTIVE,Fitted for, or skilled in, detecting; employed in detectingcrime or
criminals; as, a detective officer.
DETECTOR BAR,A bar, connected with a switch, longer than the distancebetween any
two consecutive wheels of a train (45 to 50 feet), laidinside a rail and operated
by the wheels so that the switch cannot bethrown until all the train is past the
switch.
DETECTOR,One who, or that which, detects; a detecter. Shak.A deathbed's detector of
the heart. Young.Bank-note detector, a publication containing a description of
genuineand counterfeit bank notes, designed to enable persons todiscriminate
between them.-- Detector l. See under Lock.
DETENEBRATE,To remove darkness from. [Obs.] Ash.
DETENT,That which locks or unlocks a movement; a catch, pawl, or dog;especially, in
clockwork, the catch which locks and unlocks thewheelwork in striking.
DETER,To prevent by fear; hence, to hinder or prevent from action byfear of
consequences, or difficulty, risk, etc. Addison.Potent enemies tempt and deter us
from our duty. Tillotson.My own face deters me from my glass. Prior.
DETERGE,To cleanse; to purge away, as foul or offending matter from thebody, or
from an ulcer.
DETERGENCY,A cleansing quality or power. De Foe.
DETERGENT,Cleansing; purging.-- n.
DETERIORATE,To make worse; to make inferior in quality or value; to impair;as, to
deteriorate the mind. Whately.The art of war . . . was greatly deteriorated.
Southey.
DETERIORATION,The process of growing worse, or the state of having grownworse.
DETERIORITY,Worse state or quality; inferiority. "The deteriority of thediet." [R.]
Ray.
DETERMENT,The act of deterring; also, that which deters. Boyle.
DETERMINABILITY,The quality of being determinable; determinableness. Coleridge.
DETERMINABLE,Capable of being determined, definitely ascertained, decidedupon, or
brought to a conclusion.Not wholly determinable from the grammatical use of the
words. South.
DETERMINABLENESS,Capability of being determined; determinability.
DETERMINACY,Determinateness. [R.]
DETERMINANT,Serving to determine or limit; determinative.
DETERMINATE,To bring to an end; to determine. See Determine. [Obs.]The sly, slow
hours shall not determinate The dateless limit of thydear exile. Shak.
DETERMINATENESS,State of being determinate.
DETERMINATION,A flow, rush, or tendency to a particular part; as, adetermination of
blood to the head.
DETERMINATIVE,Having power to determine; limiting; shaping;
directing;conclusive.Incidents . . . determinative of their course. I.
Taylor.Determinative tables (Nat. Hist.), tables presenting the specificcharacter
of minerals, plants, etc., to assist in determining thespecies to which a specimen
belongs.
DETERMINATOR,One who determines. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DETERMINE,To define or limit by adding a differentia.
DETERMINED,Decided; resolute. "Adetermined foe."" Sparks.
DETERMINEDLY,In a determined manner; with determination.
DETERMINER,One who, or that which, determines or decides.
DETERMINISM,The doctrine that the will is not free, but is inevitably andinvincibly
determined by motives.Its superior suitability to produce courage, as contrasted
withscientific physical determinism, is obvious. F. P. Cobbe.
DETERMINIST,One who believes in determinism. Also adj.; as, deterministtheories.
DETERRATION,The uncovering of anything buried or covered with earth; ataking out of
the earth or ground. Woodward.
DETERRENCE,That which deters; a deterrent; a hindrance. [R.]
DETERRENT,Serving to deter. "The deterrent principle." E. Davis.
DETERSION,The act of deterging or cleansing, as a sore.
DETERSIVE,Cleansing; detergent.-- n.
DETERSIVELY,In a way to cleanse.
DETERSIVENESS,The quality of cleansing.
DETESTABILITY,Capacity of being odious. [R.] Carlyle.
DETESTABLE,Worthy of being detested; abominable; extremely hateful; veryodious;
deserving abhorrence; as, detestable vices.Thou hast defiled my sanctuary will all
thy detestable things, andwith all thine abominations. Ezek. v. 11.
DETESTABLENESS,The quality or state of being detestable.
DETESTABLY,In a detestable manner.
DETESTATE,To detest. [Obs.] Udall.
DETESTATION,The act of detesting; extreme hatred or dislike; abhorrence;loathing.We
are heartily agreed in our detestation of civil war. Burke.
DETESTER,One who detes
DETHRONE,To remove or drive from a throne; to depose; to divest ofsupreme authority
and dignity. "The Protector was dethroned." Hume.
DETHRONEMENT,Deposal from a throne; deposition from regal power.
DETHRONER,One who dethrones.
DETHRONIZATION,Dethronement. [Obs.] Speed.
DETHRONIZE,To dethrone or unthrone. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
DETINUE,A person or thing detained; (Law)
DETONATE,To explode with a sudden report; as, niter detonates withsulphur.
DETONATING,from Detonate. Detonating gas, a mixture of two volumes ofhydrogen with
one volume of oxygen, which explodes with a loud reportupon ignition.-- Detonating
powder, any powder or solid substance, as fulminate ofmercury, which when struck,
explodes with violence and a loud report.-- Detonating primer, a primer exploded by
a fuse; -- used toexplode gun cotton in blasting operations.-- Detonating tube, a
strong tube of glass, usually graduated,closed at one end, and furnished with two
wires passing through itssides at opposite points, and nearly meeting, for the
purpose ofexploding gaseous mixtures by an electric spark, as in gas analysis,etc.
DETONATION,An explosion or sudden report made by the instantaneousdecomposition or
combustion of unstable substances' as, thedetonation of gun cotton.
DETONATOR,One who, or that which, detonates.
DETONIZATION,The act of detonizing; detonation.
DETONIZE,To explode, or cause to explode; to burn with an explosion; todetonate.
DETORSION,Same as Detortion.
DETORT,To turn form the original or plain meaning; to pervert; towrest. Hammond.
DETORTION,The act of detorting, or the state of being detorted; atwisting or
warping.
DETOUR,A turning; a circuitous route; a deviation from a directcourse; as, the
detours of the Mississippi.
DETRACT,To take away a part or something, especially from one's credit;to lessen
reputation; to derogate; to defame; -- often with from.It has been the fashion to
detract both from the moral and literarycharacter of Cicero. V. Knox.
DETRACTER,One who detracts; a detractor.Other detracters and malicious writers. Sir
T. North.
DETRACTINGLY,In a detracting manner.
DETRACTIOUS,Containing detraction; detractory. [R.] Johnson.
DETRACTIVENESS,The quality of being detractive.
DETRACTOR,One who detracts; a derogator; a defamer.His detractors were noisy and
scurrilous. Macaulay.
DETRACTORY,Defamatory by denial of desert; derogatory; calumnious. Sir T.Browne.
DETRACTRESS,A female detractor. Addison.
DETRAIN,To alight, or to cause to alight, from a railway train. [Eng.]London
Graphic.
DETRECT,To refuse; to decline. [Obs.] "To detrect the battle."Holinshed.
DETRIMENT,To do injury to; to hurt. [Archaic]Other might be determined thereby.
Fuller.
DETRIMENTAL,Causing detriment; injurious; hurtful.Neither dangerous nor detrimental
to the donor. Addison.
DETRIMENTALNESS,The quality of being detrimental; injuriousness.
DETRITAL,Pertaining to, or composed of, detritus.
DETRITE,Worn out.
DETRITION,A wearing off or away.Phonograms which by process long-continued
detrition have reached astep of extreme simplicity. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
DETRITUS,A mass of substances worn off from solid bodies by attrition,and reduced
to small portions; as, diluvial detritus.
DETRUDE,To thrust down or out; to push down with force. Locke.
DETRUNCATE,To shorten by cutting; to cut off; to lop off.
DETRUNCATION,The act of lopping or cutting off, as the head from the body.
DETRUSION,The act of thrusting or driving down or outward; outwardthrust.--
De*tru"sive, a.
DETTE,Debt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DETTELES,Free from debt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DETUMESCENCE,Diminution of swelling; subsidence of anything swollen. [R.]Cudworth.
DETUR,A present of books given to a meritorious undergraduate studentas a prize.
[Harvard Univ., U. S.]
DETURB,To throw down. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DETURBATE,To evict; to remove. [Obs.] Foxe.
DETURBATION,The act of deturbating. [Obs.]
DETURN,To turn away. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
DETURPATE,To defile; to disfigure. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
DETURPATION,A making foul. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
DEUCE,Two; a card or a die with two spots; as, the deuce of hearts.
DEUCED,Devilish; excessive; extreme. [Low] -- Deu"ced*ly, adv.
DEUTEROCANONICAL,Pertaining to a second canon, or ecclesiastical writing ofinferior
authority; -- said of the Apocrypha, certain Epistles, etc.
DEUTEROGAMIST,One who marries the second time.
DEUTEROGAMY,A second marriage, after the death of the first husband ofwife; -- in
distinction from bigamy, as defined in the old canon law.See Bigamy. Goldsmith.
DEUTEROGENIC,Of secondary origin; -- said of certain rocks whose materialhas been
derived from older rocks.
DEUTERONOMIST,The writer of Deuteronomy.
DEUTERONOMY,The fifth book of the Pentateuch, containing the second givingof the
law by Moses.
DEUTEROPATHIC,Pertaining to deuteropathy; of the nature of deuteropathy.
DEUTEROZOOID,One of the secondary, and usually sexual, zooids produced bybudding or
fission from the primary zooids, in animals havingalternate generations. In the
tapeworms, the joints aredeuterozooids.
DEUTHYDROGURET,Same as Deutohydroguret.
DEUTOHYDROGURET,A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of hydrogenunited
with some other element or radical. [Obs.]
DEUTOPLASM,The lifeless food matter in the cytoplasm of an ovum or a cell,as
distinguished from the active or true protoplasm; yolk substance;yolk.
DEUTOPLASTIC,Pertaining to, or composed of, deutoplasm.
DEUTOSULPHURET,A disulphide. [Obs.]
DEUTOXIDE,A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of oxygenunited with some
other element or radical; -- usually called dioxide,or less frequently, binoxide.
DEUTZIA,A genus of shrubs with pretty white flowers, much cultivated.
DEVANAGARI,The character in which Sanskrit is written.
DEVAPORATION,The change of vapor into water, as in the formation of rain.
DEVAST,To devastate. [Obs.] Bolingbroke.
DEVASTATE,To lay waste; to ravage; to desolate.Whole countries . . . were
devastated. Macaulay.
DEVASTATION,Waste of the goods of the deceased by an executor oradministrator.
Blackstone.
DEVASTATOR,One who, or that which, devastates. Emerson.
DEVASTAVIT,Waste or misapplication of the assets of a deceased person byan executor
or an administrator. Bouvier.
DEVATA,A deity; a divine being; a good spirit; an idol. [Written alsodewata.]
DEVE,Deaf. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEVELIN,The European swift. [Prov. Eng.]
DEVELOP,To change the form of, as of an algebraic expression, byexecuting certain
indicated operations without changing the value.
DEVELOPABLE,Capable of being developed. J. Peile. Developable surface(Math.), a
surface described by a moving right line, and such thatconsecutive positions of the
generator intersect each other. Hence,the surface can be developed into a plane.
DEVELOPER,A reagent by the action of which the latent image upon aphotographic
plate, after exposure in the camera, or otherwise, isdeveloped and visible.
DEVELOPMENT,The series of changes which animal and vegetable organismsundergo in
their passage from the embryonic state to maturity, from alower to a higher state
of organization.
DEVELOPMENTAL,Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process ofdevelopment; as,
the developmental power of a germ. Carpenter.
DEVENUSTATE,To deprive of beauty or grace. [Obs.]
DEVEST,To be taken away, lost, or alienated, as a title or an estate.
DEVEX,Bending down; sloping. [Obs.]
DEVEXITY,A bending downward; a sloping; incurvation downward; declivity.[R.] Davies
(Wit's Pilgr.)
DEVI,; fem. of Deva. A goddess.
DEVIANT,Deviating. [Obs.]
DEVIATE,To go out of the way; to turn aside from a course or a method;to stray or
go astray; to err; to digress; to diverge; to vary.Thus Pegasus, a nearer way to
take, May boldly deviate from thecommon track. Pope.
DEVIATION,The voluntary and unnecessary departure of a ship from, ordelay in, the
regular and usual course of the specific voyageinsured, thus releasing the
underwriters from their responsibility.Deviation of a falling body (Physics), that
deviation from a strictlyvertical line of descent which occurs in a body falling
freely, inconsequence of the rotation of the earth.-- Deviation of the compass, the
angle which the needle of a ship'scompass makes with the magnetic meridian by
reason of the magnetismof the iron parts of the ship.-- Deviation of the line of
the vertical, the difference between theactual direction of a plumb line and the
direction it would have ifthe earth were a perfect ellipsoid and homogeneous, --
caused by theattraction of a mountain, or irregularities in the earth's density.
DEVIATOR,One who, or that which, deviates.
DEVIATORY,Tending to deviate; devious; as, deviatory motion. [R.] Tully.
DEVICEFUL,Full of devices; inventive. [R.]A carpet, rich, and of deviceful thread.
Chapman.
DEVICEFULLY,In a deviceful manner. [R.]
DEVIL,A dish, as a bone with the meat, broiled and excessivelypeppered; a grill
with Cayenne pepper.Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters,
andpreparing devils on the gridiron. Sir W. Scott.
DEVILESS,A she-devil. [R.] Sterne.
DEVILET,A little devil. [R.] Barham.
DEVILING,A young devil. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DEVILISM,The state of the devil or of devils; doctrine of the devil orof devils.
Bp. Hall.
DEVILIZE,To make a devil of. [R.]He that should deify a saint, should wrong him as
much as he thatshould devilize him. Bp. Hall.
DEVILKIN,A little devil; a devilet.
DEVILMENT,Deviltry. Bp. Warburton.
DEVILRY,A dragon fly. See Darning needle, under Darn, v. t.
DEVILSHIP,The character or person of a devil or the devil. Cowley.
DEVILTRY,Diabolical conduct; malignant mischief; devilry. C. Reade.
DEVILWOOD,A kind of tree (Osmanthus Americanus), allied to the Europeanolive.
DEVIRGINATE,Deprived of virginity. [R.]
DEVIRGINATION,A deflouring. [R.] Feltham.
DEVISAL,A devising. Whitney.
DEVISE,To give by will; -- used of real estate; formerly, also, ofchattels.
DEVISEE,One to whom a devise is made, or real estate given by will.
DEVISER,One who devises.
DEVISOR,One who devises, or gives real estate by will; a testator; --correlative to
devisee.
DEVITABLE,Avoidable. [Obs.]
DEVITALIZE,To deprive of life or vitality.-- De*vi`tal*i*za"tion, n.
DEVITATION,An avoiding or escaping; also, a warning. [Obs.] Bailey.
DEVITRIFICATION,The act or process of devitrifying, or the state of
beingdevitrified. Specifically, the conversion of molten glassy matterinto a stony
mass by slow cooling, the result being the formation ofcrystallites, microbites,
etc., in the glassy base, which are thencalled devitrification products.
DEVITRIFY,To deprive of glasslike character; to take away vitreous lusterand
transparency from.
DEVOCALIZE,To make toneless; to deprive of vowel quality.-- De*vo`cal*i*za"tion,
n.If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of bit], anddevocalize it, we
obtain a hiss which is quite distinct enough tostand for a weak (jh). H. Sweet.
DEVOCATION,A calling off or away. [R.] Hallywell.
DEVOID,To empty out; to remove.
DEVOIR,Duty; service owed; hence, due act of civility or respect; --now usually in
the plural; as, they paid their devoirs to the ladies."Do now your devoid, young
knights!" Chaucer.
DEVOLUTE,To devolve. [Obs.] Foxe.
DEVOLVE,To pass by transmission or succession; to be handed over ordown; --
generally with on or upon, sometimes with to or into; as,after the general fell,
the command devolved upon (or on) the nextofficer in rank.His estate . . . devolved
to Lord Somerville. Johnson.
DEVOLVEMENT,The act or process of devolving;; devolution.
DEVON,One of a breed of hardy cattle originating in the country ofDevon, England.
Those of pure blood have a deep red color. The small,longhorned variety, called
North Devons, is distinguished by thesuperiority of its working oxen.
DEVONIAN,Of or pertaining to Devon or Devonshire in England; as, theDevonian rocks,
period, or system. Devonian age (Geol.), the age nextolder than the Carboniferous
and later than the Silurian; -- calledalso the Age of fishes. The various strata of
this age compose theDevonian formation or system, and include the old red sandstone
ofGreat Britain. They contain, besides plants and numerousinvertebrates, the bony
portions of many large and remarkable fishesof extinct groups. See the Diagram
under Geology.
DEVORATION,The act of devouring. [Obs.] Holinshed.
DEVOTARY,A votary. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
DEVOTE,Devoted; addicted; devout. [Obs.] Milton.
DEVOTED,Consecrated to a purpose; strongly attached; zealous; devout;as, a devoted
admirer.-- De*vot"ed*ly, adv.-- De*vot"ed*ness, n.
DEVOTEE,One who is wholly devoted; esp., one given wholly to religion;one who is
superstitiously given to religious duties and ceremonies;a bigot.While Father Le
Blanc was very devout he was not a devotee. A. S.Hardy.
DEVOTEMENT,The state of being devoted, or set apart by a vow. [R.] Bp.Hurd.
DEVOTER,One who devotes; a worshiper.
DEVOTIONAL,Pertaining to, suited to, or used in, devotion; as, adevotional posture;
devotional exercises; a devotional frame of mind.
DEVOTIONALITY,The practice of a devotionalist. A. H. Clough.
DEVOTIONALLY,In a devotional manner; toward devotion.
DEVOTO,A devotee. Dr. J. Scott.
DEVOTOR,A worshiper; one given to devotion. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DEVOURABLE,That may be devoured.
DEVOURER,One who, or that which, devours.
DEVOURINGLY,In a devouring manner.
DEVOUTLESS,Destitute of devotion.-- De*vout"less*ly, adv.-- De*vout"less*ness, n.
DEVOUTNESS,Quality or state of being devout.
DEVOVE,To devote. [Obs.] Cowley.
DEVOW,To disavow; to disclaim. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
DEVULGARIZE,To free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow.Shakespeare and
Plutarch's "Lives" are very devulgarizing books. E.A. Abbott.
DEW,To wet with dew or as with dew; to bedew; to moisten; as withdew.The grasses
grew A little ranker since they dewed them so. A. B.Saxton.
DEW-POINT,The temperature at which dew begins to form. It varies with thehumidity
and temperature of the atmosphere.
DEWAR VESSEL,A double-walled glass vessel for holding liquid air, etc.,having the
space between the walls exhausted so as to preventconduction of heat, and sometimes
having the glass silvered toprevent absorption of radiant heat; -- called also,
according to theparticular shape, Dewar bulb, Dewar tube, etc.
DEWCLAW,In any animal, esp. of the Herbivora, a rudimentary claw orsmall hoof not
reaching the ground.Some cut off the dewclaws [of greyhounds]. J. H. Walsh.
DEWDROP,A drop of dew. Shak.
DEWFALL,The falling of dew; the time when dew begins to fall.
DEWINESS,State of being dewy.
DEWLAPPED,Furnished with a dewlap.
DEWLESS,Having no dew. Tennyson.
DEWRET,To ret or rot by the process called dewretting.
DEWRETTING,Dewrotting; the process of decomposing the gummy matter of flaxand hemp
and setting the fibrous part, by exposure on a sward to dew,rain, and sunshine.
DEWROT,To rot, as flax or hemp, by exposure to rain, dew, and sun. SeeDewretting.
DEWWORM,See Earthworm.
DEWY,Resembling a dew-covered surface; appearing as if covered withdew.
DEXTER,On the right-hand side of a shield, i. e., towards the righthand of its
wearer. To a spectator in front, as in a pictorialrepresentation, this would be the
left side. Dexter chief, or Dexterpoint (Her.), a point in the dexter upper corner
of the shield, beingin the dexter extremity of the chief, as A in the cut.-- Dexter
base, a point in the dexter lower part or base of theshield, as B in the cut.
DEXTERICAL,Dexterous. [Obs.]
DEXTEROUSLY,In a dexterous manner; skillfully.
DEXTEROUSNESS,The quality of being dexterous; dexterity.
DEXTRAD,Toward the right side; dextrally.
DEXTRAL,Right, as opposed to sinistral, or left. Dextral shell (Zoöl.),a spiral
shell the whorls of which turn from left right, or like thehands of a watch when
the apex of the spire is toward the eye of theobserver.
DEXTRALITY,The state of being on the right-hand side; also, the quality ofbeing
right-handed; right-handedness. Sir T. Browne.
DEXTRALLY,(adv. Towards the right; as, the hands of a watch rotatedextrally.
DEXTRER,A war horse; a destrer. [Obs.] "By him baiteth his dextrer."Chaucer.
DEXTRIN,A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless andodorless,
used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., andobtained from starch by the
action of heat, acids, or diastase. It isof somewhat variable composition,
containing several carbohydrateswhich change easily to their respective varieties
of sugar. It is sonamed from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right;
--called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. SeeAchroödextrin,
and Erythrodextrin.
DEXTRO-,A prefix, from L. dexter, meaning, pertaining to, or toward,the right;
(Chem. & Opt.)
DEXTROGEROUS,See Dextrogyrate.
DEXTROGLUCOSE,Same as Dextrose.
DEXTROGYRATE,Same as Dextrorotatory.
DEXTRONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, dextrose; as, dextronic acid.Dextronic
acid, a sirupy substance obtained by the partial oxidationof various carbohydrates,
as dextrose, etc.
DEXTROROTARY,See Dextrotatory.
DEXTROROTATORY,Turning, or causing to turn, toward the right hand; esp.,turning the
plane of polarization of luminous rays toward the righthand; as, dextrorotatory
crystals, sugars, etc. Cf. Levorotatory.
DEXTROSE,A sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (socalled from
turning the plane of polarization to the right),occurring in many ripe fruits.
Dextrose and levulose are obtained bythe inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and
hence called invertsugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the action of heat and
acidson starch, and hence called also starch sugar. It is also formed fromstarchy
food by the action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva andpancreatic juice.
DEY,A servant who has charge of the dairy; a dairymaid. [Obs.]Chaucer.
DEYE,To die. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DEZINCIFICATION,The act or process of freeing from zinc; also, the
conditionresulting from the removal of zinc.
DEZINCIFY,To deprive of, or free from, zinc.
DHOLE,A fierce, wild dog (Canis Dukhunensis), found in the mountainsof India. It is
remarkable for its propensity to hunt the tiger andother wild animals in packs.
DHONY,A Ceylonese boat. See Doni.
DHOW,A coasting vessel of Arabia, East Africa, and the Indian Ocean.It has
generally but one mast and a lateen sail. [Also written dow.]
DI-,A prefix, signifying twofold, double, twice; (Chem.)
DIABASE,A basic, dark-colored, holocrystalline, igneous rock,consisting essentially
of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene withmagnetic iron; -- often limited to rocks
pretertiary in age. Itincludes part of what was early called greenstone.
DIABATERIAL,Passing over the borders. [R.] Mitford.
DIABETES,A disease which is attended with a persistent, excessivedischarge of
urine. Most frequently the urine is not only increasedin quantity, but contains
saccharine matter, in which case thedisease is generally fatal. Diabetes mellitus
Etym: [NL., sweetdiabetes], that form of diabetes in which the urine
containssaccharine matter.-- Diabetes insipidus Etym: [NL., lit., diabetes], the
form ofdiabetes in which the urine contains no abnormal constituent.
DIABOLIFY,To ascribed diabolical qualities to; to change into, or torepresent as, a
devil. [R.] Farindon.
DIABOLIZE,To render diabolical. [R.]
DIABOLO,An old game or sport (revived under this name) consisting inwhirling on a
string, fastened to two sticks, a small somewhat spool-shaped object (called the
diabolo) so as to balance it on a string,toss it in the air and catch it, etc.
DIACATHOLICON,A universal remedy; -- name formerly to a purgative electuary.
DIACAUSTIC,Pertaining to, or possessing the properties of, a species ofcaustic
curves formed by refraction. See Caustic surface, underCaustic.
DIACID,Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of saturatingtwo acid
monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf. Dibasic, a., andBiacid.
DIACODIUM,A sirup made of poppies.
DIACONAL,Of or pertaining to a deacon.
DIACONATE,The office of a deacon; deaconship; also, a body or board ofdeacons.
DIACOPE,Tmesis.
DIACOUSTIC,Pertaining to the science or doctrine of refracted sounds.
DIACOUSTICS,That branch of natural philosophy which treats of theproperties of
sound as affected by passing through different mediums;-- called also diaphonics.
See the Note under Acoustics.
DIACTINIC,Capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light;as,
diactinic media.
DIADELPHIA,A Linnæan class of plants whose stamens are united into twobodies or
bundles by their filaments.
DIADEM,An arch rising from the rim of a crown (rarely also of acoronet), and
uniting with others over its center. Diadem lemur.(Zoöl.) See Indri.-- Diadem
spider (Zoöl.), the garden spider.
DIADROM,A complete course or vibration; time of vibration, as of apendulum. [Obs.]
Locke.
DIAERETIC,Caustic. [Obs.]
DIAGEOTROPIC,Relating to, or exhibiting, diageotropism.
DIAGEOTROPISM,The tendency of organs (as roots) of plants to assume aposition
oblique or transverse to a direction towards the center ofthe earth.
DIAGLYPH,An intaglio. Mollett.
DIAGNOSE,To ascertain by diagnosis; to diagnosticate. See Diagnosticate.
DIAGNOSIS,The art or act of recognizing the presence of disease from itssigns or
symptoms, and deciding as to its character; also, thedecision arrived at.
DIAGNOSTIC,Pertaining to, or furnishing, a diagnosis; indicating thenature of a
disease.
DIAGNOSTICATE,To make a diagnosis of; to recognize by its symptoms, as adisease.
DIAGNOSTICS,That part of medicine which has to do with ascertaining thenature of
diseases by means of their symptoms or signs.His rare skill in diagnostics.
Macaulay.
DIAGOMETER,A sort of electroscope, invented by Rousseau, in which the drypile is
employed to measure the amount of electricity transmitted bydifferent bodies, or to
determine their conducting power. Nichol.
DIAGONAL,Joining two not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral ormultilateral figure;
running across from corner to corner; crossingat an angle with one of the sides.
Diagonal bond (Masonry),herringbone work. See Herringbone, a.-- Diagonal built
(Shipbuilding), built by forming the outer skin oftwo layers of planking, making
angles of about 45º with the keel, inopposite directions.-- Diagonal cleavage. See
under Cleavage.-- Diagonal molding (Arch.), a chevron or zigzag molding.-- Diagonal
rib. (Arch.) See Cross-springer.-- Diagonal scale, a scale which consists of a set
of parallellines, with other lines crossing them obliquely, so that
theirintersections furnish smaller subdivisions of the unit of measurethan could be
conveniently marked on a plain scale.-- Diagonal stratification. (Geol.) Same as
Cross bedding, underCross, a.
DIAGONALLY,In a diagonal direction.
DIAGONIAL,Diagonal; diametrical; hence; diametrically opposed. [Obs.]Sin can have
no tenure by law at all, but is rather an eternaloutlaw, and in hostility with law
past all atonement; both diagonalcontraries, as much allowing one another as day
and night together inone hemisphere. Milton.
DIAGRAM,A figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement, orfacilitate a
demonstration; a plan.
DIAGRAMMATIC,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a diagram; showing bydiagram.--
Di`a*gram*mat"ic*ly, adv.
DIAGRAPH,A drawing instrument, combining a protractor and scale.
DIAGRAPHICS,The art or science of descriptive drawing; especially, the artor
science of drawing by mechanical appliances and mathematical rule.
DIAHELIOTROPIC,Relating or, or manifesting, diaheliotropism.
DIAHELIOTROPISM,A tendency of leaves or other organs of plants to have theirdorsal
surface faced towards the rays of light.
DIAL,To survey with a dial. Raymond.
DIALECTAL,Relating to a dialect; dialectical; as, a dialectical variant.
DIALECTIC,Same as Dialectics.Plato placed his dialectic above all sciences. Liddell
& Scott.
DIALECTICALLY,In a dialectical manner.
DIALECTICIAN,One versed in dialectics; a logician; a reasoner.
DIALECTICS,That branch of logic which teaches the rules and modes ofreasoning; the
application of logical principles to discursivereasoning; the science or art of
discriminating truth from error;logical discussion.
DIALECTOLOGY,That branch of philology which is devoted to the considerationof
dialects. Beck.
DIALECTOR,One skilled in dialectics.
DIALIST,A maker of dials; one skilled in dialing.
DIALLAGE,A figure by which arguments are placed in various points ofview, and then
turned to one point. Smart.
DIALLEL,Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not parallel; -- opposed toparallel.
[Obs.] Ash.
DIALLYL,A volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H10, consisting oftwo allyl
radicals, and belonging to the acetylene series.
DIALOGICAL,Relating to a dialogue; dialogistical. Burton.
DIALOGICALLY,In the manner or nature of a dialogue. Goldsmith.
DIALOGISM,An imaginary speech or discussion between two or more;dialogue. Fulke.
DIALOGIST,Pertaining to a dialogue; having the form or nature of adialogue.--
Di*al`o*gis"tic*al*ly, adv.
DIALOGITE,Native carbonate of manganese; rhodochrosite.
DIALOGIZE,To discourse in dialogue. Fotherby.
DIALOGUE,To take part in a dialogue; to dialogize. [R.] Shak.
DIALYPETALOUS,Having separate petals; polypetalous.
DIALYSIS,Diæresis. See Diæresis,
DIALYTIC,Having the quality of unloosing or separating. Clarke. Dialytictelescope,
an achromatic telescope in which the colored dispersionproduced by a single object
lens of crown glass is corrected by asmaller concave lens, or combination of
lenses, of high dispersivepower, placed at a distance in the narrower part of the
convergingcone of rays, usually near the middle of the tube.
DIALYZATE,The material subjected to dialysis.
DIALYZATION,The act or process of dialysis.
DIALYZE,To separate, prepare, or obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to passthrough an
animal membrane; to subject to dialysis. [Written alsodialyse.]
DIALYZED,Prepared by diffusion through an animal membrane; as, dialyzediron.
DIALYZER,The instrument or medium used to effect chemical dialysis.
DIAMAGNET,A body having diamagnetic polarity.
DIAMAGNETIC,Pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism;taking, or
being of a nature to take, a position at right angles tothe lines of magnetic
force. See Paramagnetic. Diamagneticattraction. See under Attraction.
DIAMAGNETICALLY,In the manner of, or according to, diamagnetism.
DIAMANTIFEROUS,Yielding diamonds.
DIAMANTINE,Adamantine. [Obs.]
DIAMETER,The distance through the lower part of the shaft of a column,used as a
standard measure for all parts of the order. See Module.Conjugate diameters. See
under Conjugate.
DIAMETRAL,Pertaining to a diameter; diametrical. Diametral curve,Diametral surface
(Geom.), any line or surface which bisects a systemof parallel chords drawn in a
curve or surface.-- Diametral planes (Crystal.), planes in which two of the axes
lie.
DIAMETRALLY,Diametrically.
DIAMETRICALLY,In a diametrical manner; directly; as, diametrically opposite.Whose
principles were diametrically opposed to his. Macaulay.
DIAMIDE,Any compound containing two amido groups united with one ormore acid or
negative radicals, -- as distinguished from a diamine.Cf. Amido acid, under Amido,
and Acid amide, under Amide.
DIAMIDO-,A prefix or combining form of Diamine.
DIAMINE,A compound containing two amido groups united with one or morebasic or
positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a diamide.
DIAMOND STATE,Delaware; -- a nickname alluding to its small size.
DIAMOND,A pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used forornament in lines
or groups.
DIAMOND-BACK,The salt-marsh terrapin of the Atlantic coast
(Malacoclemmyspalustris).
DIAMOND-SHAPED,Shaped like a diamond or rhombus.
DIAMONDIZE,To set with diamonds; to adorn; to enrich. [R.]Diamondizing of your
subject. B. Jonson.
DIAMYLENE,A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H20, of the ethylene series, regardedas a
polymeric form of amylene.
DIAN,, Diana. [Poetic]
DIANA,The daughter of Jupiter and Latona; a virgin goddess whopresided over
hunting, chastity, and marriage; -- identified with theGreek goddess Artemis.And
chaste Diana haunts the forest shade. Pope.Diana monkey (Zoöl.), a handsome, white-
bearded monkey of West Africa(Cercopithecus Diana).
DIANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants having two stamens.
DIANDRIAN,Diandrous.
DIANDROUS,Of or pertaining to the class Diandria; having two stamens.
DIANIUM,Same as Columbium. [Obs.]
DIANOETIC,Pertaining to the discursive faculty, its acts or products.I would employ
. . . dianoetic to denote the operation of thediscursive, elaborative, or
comparative faculty. Sir W. Hamilton.
DIANOIALOGY,The science of the dianoetic faculties, and their operations.Sir W.
Hamilton.
DIANTHUS,A genus of plants containing some of the most popular ofcultivated
flowers, including the pink, carnation, and Sweet William.
DIAPASE,Same as Diapason. [Obs.]A tuneful diapase of pleasures. Spenser.
DIAPASM,Powdered aromatic herbs, sometimes made into little balls andstrung
together. [Obs.]
DIAPASON,The octave, or interval which includes all the tones of thediatonic scale.
DIAPEDESIS,The passage of the corpuscular elements of the blood from theblood
vessels into the surrounding tissues, without rupture of thewalls of the blood
vessels.
DIAPENTE,The interval of the fifth.
DIAPER,Surface decoration of any sort which consists of the constantrepetition of
one or more simple figures or units of design evenlyspaced.
DIAPERING,Same as Diaper, n.,
DIAPHANE,A woven silk stuff with transparent and colored figures; diaperwork.
DIAPHANED,Transparent or translucent. [R.]
DIAPHANEITY,The quality of being diaphanous; transparency; pellucidness.
DIAPHANIC,Having power to transmit light; transparent; diaphanous.
DIAPHANIE,The art of imitating
DIAPHANOMETER,An instrument for measuring the transparency of the air.
DIAPHANOSCOPE,A dark box constructed for viewing transparent pictures, withor
without a lens.
DIAPHANOTYPE,A colored photograph produced by superimposing a translucentcolored
positive over a strong uncolored one.
DIAPHANOUS,Allowing light to pass through, as porcelain; translucent ortransparent;
pellucid; clear.Another cloud in the region of them, light enough to be fantastic
anddiaphanous. Landor.
DIAPHANOUSLY,Translucently.
DIAPHEMETRIC,Relating to the measurement of the tactile sensibility ofparts; as,
diaphemetric compasses. Dunglison.
DIAPHONICS,The doctrine of refracted sound; diacoustics.
DIAPHORESIS,Perspiration, or an increase of perspiration.
DIAPHORETIC,A medicine or agent which promotes perspiration.
DIAPHOTE,An instrument designed for transmitting pictures by telegraph.Fallows.
DIAPHRAGM,The muscular and tendinous partition separating the cavity ofthe chest
from that of the abdomen; the midriff.
DIAPHRAGMATIC,Pertaining to a diaphragm; as, diaphragmatic respiration;
thediaphragmatic arteries and nerves.
DIAPHYSIS,An abnormal prolongation of the axis of inflorescence.
DIAPNOIC,Slightly increasing an insensible perspiration; mildlydiaphoretic.-- n.
DIAPOPHYSICAL,Pertaining to a diapophysis.
DIAPOPHYSIS,The dorsal transverse, or tubercular, process of a vertebra.See
Vertebra.
DIARCHY,A form of government in which the supreme power is vested intwo persons.
DIARIST,One who keeps a diary.
DIARTHRODIAL,Relating to diarthrosis, or movable articulations.
DIARTHROSIS,A form of articulation which admits of considerable motion; acomplete
joint; abarticulation. See Articulation.
DIARY,A register of daily events or transactions; a daily record; ajournal; a blank
book dated for the record of daily memoranda; as, adiary of the weather; a
physician's diary.
DIASPORE,A hydrate of alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masseswith
brilliant pearly luster; -- so named on account of itsdecrepitating when heated
before the blowpipe.
DIASTASE,A soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starchand dextrin
into sugar.
DIASTASIC,Pertaining to, or consisting of, diastase; as, diastasicferment.
DIASTASIS,A forcible of bones without fracture.
DIASTATIC,Relating to diastase; having the properties of diastase;effecting the
conversion of starch into sugar.The influence of acids and alkalies on the
diastatic action ofsaliva. Lauder Brunton.
DIASTEMA,A vacant space, or gap, esp. between teeth in a jaw.
DIASTER,A double star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when,during cell
division, the loops of the nuclear network separate intotwo groups, preparatory to
the formation of two daughter nuclei. SeeKaryokinesis.
DIASTOLE,The rhythmical expansion or dilatation of the heart andarteries; --
correlative to systole, or contraction.
DIASTOLIC,Of or pertaining to diastole.
DIASTYLE,See under Intercolumniation.
DIATESSARON,The interval of a fourth.
DIATHERMAL,Freely permeable by radiant heat.
DIATHERMANISM,The doctrine or the phenomena of the transmission of radiantheat.
Nichol.
DIATHERMANOUS,Having the property of transmitting radiant heat; diathermal; --
opposed to athermanous.
DIATHERMIC,Affording a free passage to heat; as, diathermic substances.Melloni.
DIATHERMOMETER,An instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat-
conducting power of liquids.
DIATHERMOUS,Same as Diathermal.
DIATHESIS,Bodily condition or constitution, esp. a morbid habit whichpredisposes to
a particular disease, or class of diseases.
DIATHETIC,Pertaining to, or dependent on, a diathesis or specialconstitution of the
body; as, diathetic disease.
DIATOM,One of the Diatomaceæ, a family of minute unicellular Alg¨aving a siliceous
covering of great delicacy, each individualmultiplying by spontaneous division. By
some authors diatoms arecalled Bacillariæ, but this word is not in general use.
DIATOMOUS,Having a single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said ofcrystals. Mohs.
DIATONIC,Pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which isthe octave
of the first. Diatonic scale (Mus.), a scale consisting ofeight sounds with seven
intervals, of which two are semitones andfive are whole tones; a modern major or
minor scale, as distinguishedfrom the chromatic scale.
DIATONICALLY,In a diatonic manner.
DIATRIBE,A prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, anacrimonious or
invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railinglanguage; a philippic.The
ephemeral diatribe of a faction. John Morley.
DIATRIBIST,One who makes a diatribe or diatribes.
DIATRYMA,An extinct eocene bird from New Mexico, larger than theostrich.
DIAZO-,A combining form (also used adjectively), meaning pertainingto, or derived
from, a series of compounds containing a radical oftwo nitrogen atoms, united
usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo-benzene, C6H5.N2.OH.
DIAZOTIZE,To subject to such reactions or processes that diazo compounds,or their
derivatives, shall be produced by chemical exchange orsubstitution.
DIB,To dip. [Prov. Eng.] Walton.
DIBASIC,Having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by basicatoms or
radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of acids, asoxalic or sulphuric acids.
Cf. Diacid, Bibasic.
DIBASICITY,The property or condition of being dibasic.
DIBBER,A dibble. Halliwell.
DIBBLE,A pointed implement used to make holes in the ground in whichno set out
plants or to plant seeds.
DIBBLER,One who, or that which, dibbles, or makes holes in the groundfor seed.
DIBRANCHIATA,An order of cephalopods which includes those with two gills,
anapparatus for emitting an inky fluid, and either eight or tencephalic arms
bearing suckers or hooks, as the octopi and squids. SeeCephalopoda.
DIBRANCHIATE,Having two gills.-- n.
DIBS,A sweet preparation or treacle of grape juice, much used in theEast. Johnston.
DIBSTONE,A pebble used in a child's game called dibstones. Locke.
DIBUTYL,A liquid hydrocarbon, C8H18, of the marsh-gas series, being oneof several
octanes, and consisting of two butyl radicals. Cf. Octane.
DICACIOUS,Talkative; pert; saucy. [Obs.]
DICACITY,Pertness; sauciness. [Obs.]
DICALCIC,Having two atoms or equivalents of calcium to the molecule.
DICARBONIC,Containing two carbon residues, or two carboxyl or radicals;as, oxalic
acid is a dicarbonic acid.
DICAST,A functionary in ancient Athens answering nearly to the modernjuryman.
DICASTERY,A court of justice; judgment hall. [R.] J. S. Mill.
DICE,Small cubes used in gaming or in determining by chance; also,the game played
with dice. See Die, n. Dice coal, a kind of coaleasily splitting into cubical
fragments. Brande & C.
DICEBOX,A box from which dice are thrown in gaming. Thackeray.
DICENTRA,A genus of herbaceous plants, with racemes of two-spurred orheart-shaped
flowers, including the Dutchman's breeches, and the moreshowy Bleeding heart (D.
spectabilis). [Corruptly written dielytra.]
DICEPHALOUS,Having two heads on one body; double-headed.
DICER,A player at dice; a dice player; a gamester.As false as dicers' oaths. Shak.
DICH,To ditch. [Obs.]
DICHASTIC,Capable of subdividing spontaneously.
DICHLAMYDEOUS,Having two coverings, a calyx and in corolla.
DICHLORIDE,Same as Bichloride.
DICHOGAMOUS,Manifesting dichogamy.
DICHOGAMY,The condition of certain species of plants, in which thestamens and
pistil do not mature simultaneously, so that these plantscan never fertilize
themselves.
DICHOTOMIST,One who dichotomizes. Bacon.
DICHOTOMIZE,To exhibit as a half disk. See Dichotomy,
DICHOTOMOUS,Regularly dividing by pairs from bottom to top; as, adichotomous
stem.-- Di*chot"o*mous*ly, adv.
DICHOTOMY,That phase of the moon in which it appears bisected, or showsonly half
its disk, as at the quadratures.
DICHROIC,Having the property of dichroism; as, a dichroic crystal.
DICHROISCOPE,Same as Dichroscope.
DICHROISM,The property of presenting different colors by transmittedlight, when
viewed in two different directions, the colors beingunlike in the direction of
unlike or unequal axes.
DICHROITE,Iolite; -- so called from its presenting two different colorswhen viewed
in two different directions. See Iolite.
DICHROITIC,Dichroic.
DICHROMATE,A salt of chromic acid containing two equivalents of the acidradical to
one of the base; -- called also bichromate.
DICHROMATIC,Having two color varieties, or two phases differing in
color,independently of age or sex, as in certain birds and insects.
DICHROMATISM,The state of being dichromatic.
DICHROMIC,Furnishing or giving two colors; -- said of defective vision,in which all
the compound colors are resolvable into two elementsinstead of three. Sir J.
Herschel.
DICHROOUS,Dichroic.
DICHROSCOPE,An instrument for examining the dichroism of crystals.
DICHROSCOPIC,Pertaining to the dichroscope, or to observations with it.
DICKCISSEL,The American black-throated bunting (Spiza Americana).
DICKENS,The devil. [A vulgar euphemism.]I can not tell what the dickens his name
is. Shak.
DICKER,To negotiate a dicker; to barter. [U.S.] "Ready to dicker. andto swap."
Cooper.
DICLINIC,Having two of the intersections between the three axes oblique.See
Crystallization.
DICLINOUS,Having the stamens and pistils in separate flowers. Gray.
DICOCCOUS,Composed pf two coherent, one-seeded carpels; as, a dicoccouscapsule.
DICOTYLEDON,A plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or cotyledons,in
germinating.
DICOTYLEDONOUS,Having two cotyledons or seed lobes; as, a dicotyledonousplant.
DICROTISM,A condition in which there are two beats or waves of thearterial pulse to
each beat of the heart.
DICTA,See Dictum.
DICTAGRAPH,Var. of Dictograph.
DICTAMEN,A dictation or dictate. [R.] Falkland.
DICTAMNUS,A suffrutescent, D. Fraxinella (the only species), with strongperfume and
showy flowers. The volatile oil of the leaves is highlyinflammable.
DICTAPHONE,A form of phonographic recorder and reproducer adapted for usein
dictation, as in business.
DICTATE,A statement delivered with authority; an order; a command; anauthoritative
rule, principle, or maxim; a prescription; as, listento the dictates of your
conscience; the dictates of the gospel.I credit what the Grecian dictates say.
Prior.
DICTATORIAN,Dictatorial. [Obs.]
DICTATORSHIP,The office, or the term of office, of a dictator; hence,absolute
power.
DICTATORY,Dogmatical; overbearing; dictatorial. Milton.
DICTATRESS,A woman who dictates or commands.Earth's chief dictatress, ocean's
mighty queen. Byron.
DICTATRIX,A dictatress.
DICTATURE,Office of a dictator; dictatorship. [R.] Bacon.
DICTION,Choice of words for the expression of ideas; the construction,disposition,
and application of words in discourse, with regard toclearness, accuracy, variety,
etc.; mode of expression; language; as,the diction of Chaucer's poems.His diction
blazes up into a sudden explosion of prophetic grandeur.De Quincey.
DICTIONALRIAN,A lexicographer. [R.]
DICTOGRAPH,A telephonic instrument for office or other similar use, havinga sound-
magnifying device enabling the ordinary mouthpiece to bedispensed with. Much use
has been made of it for overhearing, or forrecording, conversations for the purpose
of obtaining evidence foruse in litigation.
DICTYOGEN,A plant with netveined leaves, and monocotyledonous embryos,belonging to
the class Dictyogenæ, proposed by Lindley for the ordersDioscoreaceæ, Smilaceæ,
Trilliaceæ, etc.
DICYANIDE,A compound of a binary type containing two cyanogen groups orradicals; --
called also bicyanide.
DICYEMATA,An order of worms parasitic in cephalopods. They are remarkablefor the
extreme simplicity of their structure. The embryo exists intwo forms.
DICYEMID,Like or belonging to the Dicyemata.-- n.
DICYNODONT,One of a group of extinct reptiles having the jaws armed with ahorny
beak, as in turtles, and in the genus Dicynodon, supportingalso a pair of powerful
tusks. Their remains are found in triassicstrata of South Africa and India.
DID,of Do.
DIDACTIC,A treatise on teaching or education. [Obs.] Milton.
DIDACTICALLY,In a didactic manner.
DIDACTICISM,The didactic method or system.
DIDACTICITY,Aptitude for teaching. Hare.
DIDACTICS,The art or science of teaching.
DIDACTYL,An animal having only two digits.
DIDACTYLOUS,Having only two digits; two-toed.
DIDAL,A kind of triangular spade. [Obs.]
DIDAPPER,See Dabchick.
DIDASCALAR,Didascalic. [R.]
DIDASCALIC,Didactic; preceptive. [R.] Prior.
DIDDLE,To totter, as a child in walking. [Obs.] Quarles.
DIDDLER,A cheat. [Colloq.] Jeremy Diddler, a character in a play byJames Kenney,
entitled "Raising the wind." The name is applied to anyneedy, tricky, constant
borrower; a confidence man.
DIDELPHIA,The subclass of Mammalia which includes the marsupials. SeeMarsupialia.
DIDELPHIAN,Of or relating to the Didelphia.-- n.
DIDELPHIC,Having the uterus double; of or pertaining to the Didelphia.
DIDELPHID,Same as Didelphic.
DIDELPHOUS,Didelphic.
DIDELPHYC,Same as Didelphic.
DIDELPHYS,Formerly, any marsupial; but the term is now restricted to anAmerican
genus which includes the opossums, of which there are manyspecies. See Opossum.
[Written also Didelphis.] See Illustration inAppendix. Cuvier.
DIDINE,Like or pertaining to the genus Didus, or the dodo.
DIDO,A shrewd trick; an antic; a caper. To cut a dido, to play atrick; to cut a
caper; -- perhaps so called from the trick of Dido,who having bought so much land
as a hide would cover, is said to havecut it into thin strips long enough to
inclose a spot for a citadel.
DIDONIA,The curve which on a given surface and with a given perimetercontains the
greatest area. Tait.
DIDST,, the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.
DIDUCEMENT,Diduction; separation into distinct parts. Bacon.
DIDUCTION,The act of drawing apart; separation.
DIDYM,See Didymium.
DIDYMIUM,A rare metallic substance usually associated with the metalcerium; --
hence its name. It was formerly supposed to be an element,but has since been found
to consist of two simpler elementarysubstances, neodymium and praseodymium. See
Neodymium, andPraseodymium.
DIDYMOUS,Growing in pairs or twins.
DIDYNAMIA,A Linnæan class of plants having four stamens disposed in pairsof unequal
length.
DIDYNAMIAN,Didynamous.
DIDYNAMOUS,Of or pertaining to the Didynamia; containing four stamensdisposed in
pairs of unequal length.
DIE,To disappear gradually in another surface, as where moldingsare lost in a
sloped or curved face.
DIEDRAL,The same as Dihedral.
DIEGESIS,A narrative or history; a recital or relation.
DIELECTRIC,Any substance or medium that transmits the electric force by aprocess
different from conduction, as in the phenomena of induction;a nonconductor.
separating a body electrified by induction, from theelectrifying body.
DIELYTRA,See Dicentra.
DIENCEPHALON,The interbrain or thalamencephalon; -- sometimes abbreviated todien.
See Thalamencephalon.
DIERESIS,Same as Diæresis.
DIES IRAE,Day of wrath; -- the name and beginning of a famous mediævalLatin hymn on
the Last Judgment.
DIES JURIDICUS,A court day.
DIES NON,A day on which courts are not held, as Sunday or any legalholiday.
DIESINKER,An engraver of dies for stamping coins, medals, etc.
DIESINKING,The process of engraving dies.
DIESIS,A small interval, less than any in actual practice, but used inthe
mathematical calculation of intervals.
DIESTOCK,A stock to hold the dies used for cutting screws.
DIET,A legislative or administrative assembly in Germany, Poland,and some other
countries of Europe; a deliberative convention; acouncil; as, the Diet of Worms,
held in 1521.
DIETARIAN,One who lives in accordance with prescribed rules for diet; adieter.
DIETARY,Pertaining to diet, or to the rules of diet.
DIETER,One who diets; one who prescribes, or who partakes of, food,according to
hygienic rules.
DIETETICALLY,In a dietetical manner.
DIETETICS,That part of the medical or hygienic art which relates to dietor food;
rules for diet.To suppose that the whole of dietetics lies in determining whether
ornot bread is more nutritive than potatoes. H. Spencer.
DIETETIST,A physician who applies the rules of dietetics to the cure ofdiseases.
Dunglison.
DIETHYLAMINE,A colorless, volatile, alkaline liquid, NH(C2H5)2, having astrong
fishy odor resembling that of herring or sardines. Cf.Methylamine.
DIETIC,Dietetic.
DIETICAL,Dietetic. [R.] Ferrand.
DIETINE,A subordinate or local assembly; a diet of inferior rank.
DIFFAME,Evil name; bad reputation; defamation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DIFFARREATION,A form of divorce, among the ancient Romans, in which a cakewas used.
See Confarreation.
DIFFER,To cause to be different or unlike; to set at variance. [R.]But something
'ts that differs thee and me. Cowley.
DIFFERENCE,An addition to a coat of arms to distinguish the bearings oftwo persons,
which would otherwise be the same. See Augmentation, andMarks of cadency, under
Cadency.
DIFFERENTIA,The formal or distinguishing part of the essence of a species;the
characteristic attribute of a species; specific difference.
DIFFERENTIAL,Of or pertaining to a differential, or to differentials.
DIFFERENTIALLY,In the way of differentiation.
DIFFERENTIATE,To obtain the differential, or differential coefficient, of;as, to
differentiate an algebraic expression, or an equation.
DIFFERENTIATION,The act of distinguishing or describing a thing, by giving
itsdifferent, or specific difference; exact definition or determination.
DIFFERENTIATOR,One who, or that which, differentiates.
DIFFERENTLY,In a different manner; variously.
DIFFERINGLY,In a differing or different manner. Boyle.
DIFFICILE,Difficult; hard to manage; stubborn. [Obs.] --Dif"fi*cile*ness, n. [Obs.]
Bacon.
DIFFICILITATE,To make difficult. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
DIFFICULT,To render difficult; to impede; to perplex. [R.] Sir W. Temple.
DIFFICULTATE,To render difficult; to difficilitate. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
DIFFICULTLY,With difficulty. Cowper.
DIFFICULTNESS,Difficulty. [R.] Golding.
DIFFIDE,To be distrustful. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DIFFIDENCY,See Diffidence. [Obs.]
DIFFIDENTLY,In a diffident manner.To stand diffidently against each other with
their thoughts in battlearray. Hobbes.
DIFFIND,To split. [Obs.] Bailey.
DIFFINE,To define. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DIFFINITIVE,Definitive; determinate; final. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
DIFFISSION,Act of cleaving or splitting. [R.] Bailey.
DIFFLATION,A blowing apart or away. [Obs.] Bailey.
DIFFLUENT,Flowing apart or off; dissolving; not fixed. [R.] Bailey.
DIFFORM,Irregular in form; -- opposed to uniform; anomalous; hence,unlike;
dissimilar; as, to difform corolla, the parts of which do notcorrespond in size or
proportion; difform leaves.The unequal refractions of difform rays. Sir I. Newton.
DIFFORMITY,Irregularity of form; diversity of form; want of uniformity.[Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
DIFFRACT,To break or separate into parts; to deflect, or decompose bydeflection, a
DIFFRACTION,The deflection and decomposition of light in passing by theedges of
opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing theappearance of parallel bands or
fringes of prismatic colors, as bythe action of a grating of fine lines or
bars.Remarked by Grimaldi (1665), and referred by him to a property oflight which
he called diffraction. Whewell.Diffraction grating. (Optics) See under Grating.--
Diffraction spectrum. (Optics) See under Spectrum.
DIFFRACTIVE,That produces diffraction.
DIFFUSATE,Material which, in the process of catalysis, has diffused orpassed
through the separating membrane.
DIFFUSE,To pour out and cause to spread, as a fluid; to cause to flowon all sides;
to send out, or extend, in all directions; to spread;to circulate; to disseminate;
to scatter; as to diffuse information.Thence diffuse His good to worlds and ages
infinite. Milton.We find this knowledge diffused among all civilized nations.
Whewell.
DIFFUSED,Spread abroad; dispersed; loose; flowing; diffuse.It grew to be a widely
diffused opinion. Hawthorne.-- Dif*fus"ed*ly, adv.-- Dif*fus"ed*ness, n.
DIFFUSELY,In a diffuse manner.
DIFFUSENESS,The quality of being diffuse; especially, in writing, the useof a great
or excessive number of word to express the meaning;copiousness; verbosity;
prolixity.
DIFFUSER,One who, or that which, diffuses.
DIFFUSIBILITY,The quality of being diffusible; capability of being poured orspread
out.
DIFFUSIBLE,Capable of passing through animal membranes by osmosis.
DIFFUSIBLENESS,Diffusibility.
DIFFUSION,The act of passing by osmosis through animal membranes, as inthe
distribution of poisons, gases, etc., through the body. Unlikeabsorption, diffusion
may go on after death, that is, after the bloodceases to circulate.
DIFFUSIVE,Having the quality of diffusing; capable of spreading every wayby
flowing; spreading widely; widely reaching; copious; diffuse. "Aplentiful and
diffusive perfume." Hare.
DIFFUSIVELY,In a diffusive manner.
DIFFUSIVENESS,The quality or state of being diffusive or diffuse;extensiveness;
expansion; dispersion. Especially of style:Diffuseness; want of conciseness;
prolixity.The fault that I find with a modern legend, it its diffusiveness.Addison.
DIFFUSIVITY,Tendency to become diffused; tendency, as of heat, to becomeequalized
by spreading through a conducting medium.
DIG,To take ore from its bed, in distinction from makingexcavations in search of
ore.
DIGAMIST,One who marries a second time; a deuterogamist. Hammond.
DIGAMMA,A letter (
DIGAMOUS,Pertaining to a second marriage, that is, one after the deathof the first
wife or the first husband.
DIGAMY,Act, or state, of being twice married; deuterogamy. [R.]
DIGENEA,A division of Trematoda in which alternate generations occur,the immediate
young not resembling their parents.
DIGENESIS,The faculty of multiplying in two ways; -- by ova fecundated byspermatic
fluid, and asexually, as by buds. See Parthenogenesis.
DIGENOUS,Sexually reproductive. Digenous reproduction. (Biol.) Same asDigenesis.
DIGERENT,Digesting. [Obs.] Bailey.
DIGEST,To separate (the food) in its passage through the alimentarycanal into the
nutritive and nonnutritive elements; to prepare, bythe action of the digestive
juices, for conversion into blood; toconvert into chyme.
DIGESTEDLY,In a digested or well-arranged manner; methodically.
DIGESTIBILITY,The quality of being digestible.
DIGESTIBLE,Capable of being digested.
DIGESTIBLENESS,The quality of being digestible; digestibility.
DIGESTION,The conversion of food, in the stomach and intestines, intosoluble and
diffusible products, capable of being absorbed by theblood.
DIGESTIVE,Pertaining to digestion; having the power to cause or promotedigestion;
as, the digestive ferments.Digestive cheese and fruit there sure will be. B.
Jonson.Digestive apparatus, the organs of food digestion, esp. thealimentary canal
and glands connected with it.-- Digestive salt, the chloride of potassium.
DIGESTOR,See Digester.
DIGESTURE,Digestion. [Obs.] Harvey.
DIGGABLE,Capable of being dug.
DIGGER,One who, or that which, digs. Digger wasp (Zoöl.), any one ofthe fossorial
Hymenoptera.
DIGGERS,A degraded tribe of California Indians; -- so called from theirpractice of
digging roots for food.
DIGGING,Places where ore is dug; especially, certain localities inCalifornia,
Australia, and elsewhere, at which gold is obtained.[Recent]
DIGHTER,One who dights. [Obs.]
DIGIT,One of the terminal divisions of a limb appendage; a finger ortoe.The
ruminants have the "cloven foot," i. e., two hoofed digits oneach foot. Owen.
DIGITAL,Of or performance to the fingers, or to digits; done with thefingers; as,
digital compression; digital examination.
DIGITALIS,A genus of plants including the foxglove.
DIGITATE,To point out as with the finger. [R.] Robinson (Eudoxa).
DIGITATION,A division into fingers or fingerlike processes; also, afingerlike
process.
DIGITIFORM,Formed like a finger or fingers; finger-shaped; as, adigitiform root.
DIGITIGRADE,Walking on the toes; -- distinguished from plantigrade.
DIGITIPARTITE,Parted like the fingers.
DIGITIZE,To finger; as, to digitize a pen. [R.] Sir T. Browne. computersto convert
(information, a signal, an image) into a form expressiblein binary notation
DIGITORIUM,A small dumb keyboard used by pianists for exercising thefingers; --
called also dumb piano.
DIGITULE,A little finger or toe, or something resembling one.
DIGLADIATE,To fight like gladiators; to contend fiercely; to disputeviolently.
[Obs.]Digladiating like Æschines and Demosthenes. Hales.
DIGLADIATION,Act of digladiating. [Obs.] "Sore digladiations and contest."Evelyn.
DIGLOTTISM,Bilingualism. [R.] Earle.
DIGLYPH,A projecting face like the triglyph, but having only twochannels or grooves
sunk in it.
DIGNATION,The act of thinking worthy; honor. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
DIGNIFICATION,The act of dignifying; exaltation.
DIGNIFIED,Marked with dignity; stately; as, a dignified judge.
DIGNIFY,To invest with dignity or honor; to make illustrious; to givedistinction
to; to exalt in rank; to honor.Your worth will dignity our feast. B. Jonson.
DIGNITARY,One who possesses exalted rank or holds a position of dignityor honor;
especially, one who holds an ecclesiastical rank above thatof a parochial priest or
clergyman.
DIGNOTION,Distinguishing mark; diagnostic. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DIGONOUS,Having two angles. Smart.
DIGRAM,A digraph.
DIGRAPH,Two signs or characters combined to express a singlearticulated sound; as
ea in head, or th in bath.
DIGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to a digraph. H. Sweet.
DIGRESS,Digression. [Obs.] Fuller.
DIGRESSION,The elongation, or angular distance from the sun; -- saidchiefly of the
inferior planets. [R.]
DIGRESSIONAL,Pertaining to, or having the character of, a digression;departing from
the main purpose or subject. T. Warton.
DIGRESSIVE,Departing from the main subject; partaking of the nature ofdigression.
Johnson.
DIGRESSIVELY,By way of digression.
DIGUE,A bank; a dike. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.
DIGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants having two styles.
DIHEDRAL,Having two plane faces; as, the dihedral summit of a crystal.Dihedral
angle, the angular space contained between planes whichintersect. It is measured by
the angle made by any two lines at rightangles to the two planes.
DIHEDRON,A figure with two sides or surfaces. Buchanan.
DIIAMB,A diiambus.
DIIAMBUS,A double iambus; a foot consisting of two iambuses (
DIIODIDE,A compound of a binary type containing two atoms of iodine; --called also
biniodide.
DIISATOGEN,A red crystalline nitrogenous substance or artificialproduction, which
by reduction passes directly to indigo.
DIJUDICANT,One who dijudicates. [R.] Wood.
DIJUDICATE,To make a judicial decision; to decide; to determine. [R.]Hales.
DIJUDICATION,The act of dijudicating; judgment. [R.] Cockeram.
DIKA,A kind of food, made from the almondlike seeds of the IrvingiaBarteri, much
used by natives of the west coast of Africa; -- calledalso dika bread.
DIKE,A wall-like mass of mineral matter, usually an intrusion ofigneous rocks,
filling up rents or fissures in the original strata.
DILACERATE,To rend asunder; to tear to pieces. Sir T. Browne.
DILACERATION,The act of rending asunder. Arbuthnot.
DILANIATE,To rend in pieces; to tear. [R.] Howell.
DILANIATION,A rending or tearing in pieces; dilaceration. [R.]
DILAPIDATE,To get out of repair; to fall into partial ruin; to becomedecayed; as,
the church was suffered to dilapidate. Johnson.
DILAPIDATED,Decayed; fallen into partial ruin; injured by bad usage orneglect.A
deserted and dilapidated buildings. Cooper.
DILAPIDATION,The pulling down of a building, or suffering it to fall or bein a
state of decay. Burrill.
DILAPIDATOR,One who causes dilapidation. Strype.
DILATABILITY,The quality of being dilatable, or admitting expansion; --opposed to
contractibility. Ray.
DILATABLE,Capable of expansion; that may be dilated; -- opposed tocontractible; as,
the lungs are dilatable by the force of air; air isdilatable by heat.
DILATATION,A dilation or enlargement of a canal or other organ.
DILATATOR,A muscle which dilates any part; a dilator.
DILATE,Extensive; expanded. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DILATED,Widening into a lamina or into lateral winglike appendages.
DILATEDLY,In a dilated manner. Feltham.
DILATER,One who, or that which, dilates, expands, o r enlarges.
DILATION,Delay. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DILATIVE,Causing dilation; tending to dilate, on enlarge; expansive.Coleridge.
DILATOMETER,An instrument for measuring the dilatation or expansion of asubstance,
especially of a fluid.
DILATOR,A muscle that dilates any part.
DILATORILY,With delay; tardily.
DILATORINESS,The quality of being dilatory; lateness; slowness;
tardiness;sluggishness.
DILDO,A burden in popular songs. [Obs.]Delicate burthens of dildos and fadings.
Shak.
DILECTION,Love; choice. [Obs.] T. Martin.
DILEMMA,An argument which presents an antagonist with two or morealternatives, but
is equally conclusive against him, whicheveralternative he chooses.
DILETTANT,Of or pertaining to dilettanteism; amateur; as, dilettantspeculation.
Carlyle.
DILETTANTE,An admirer or lover of the fine arts; popularly, an amateur;especially,
one who follows an art or a branch of knowledge,desultorily, or for amusement only.
DILETTANTEISH,Somewhat like a dilettante.
DILETTANTEISM,The state or quality of being a dilettante; the desultorypursuit of
art, science, or literature.
DILETTANTISH,Dilettanteish.
DILETTANTISM,Same as Dilettanteism. F. Harrison.
DILIGENCE,Process by which persons, lands, or effects are seized fordebt; process
for enforcing the attendance of witnesses or theproduction of writings. To do one's
diligence, give diligence, usediligence, to exert one's self; to make interested
and earnestendeavor.And each of them doth all his diligence To do unto the
festéreverence. Chaucer.
DILIGENCY,Diligence; care; persevering endeavor. [Obs.] Milton.
DILIGENTLY,In a diligent manner; not carelessly; not negligently; withindustry or
assiduity.Ye diligently keep commandments of the Lord your God. Deut. vi. 17.
DILL,An herb (Peucedanum graveolens), the seeds of which aremoderately warming,
pungent, and aromatic, and were formerly used asa soothing medicine for children;
-- called also dill-seed. Dr.Prior.
DILLING,A darling; a favorite. [Obs.]Whilst the birds billing, Each one with his
dilling. Drayton.
DILLUING,A process of sorting ore by washing in a hand sieve. [Writtenalso
deluing.]
DILLY,A kind of stagecoach. "The Derby dilly." J. H. Frere.
DILLY-DALLY,To loiter or trifle; to waste time.
DILOGICAL,Ambiguous; of double meaning. [Obs.] T. Adams.
DILOGY,An ambiguous speech; a figure in which a word is used anequivocal sense.
[R.]
DILUCID,Clear; lucid. [Obs.] Bacon.-- Di*lu"cid*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Di`lu*cid"i*ty,
n. [Obs.]
DILUCIDATE,To elucidate. [Obs.] Boyle.
DILUCIDATION,The act of making clear. [Obs.] Boyle.
DILUENT,Diluting; making thinner or weaker by admixture, esp. of water.Arbuthnot.
DILUTE,To become attenuated, thin, or weak; as, it dilutes easily.
DILUTED,Reduced in strength; thin; weak.-- Di*lut"ed*ly, adv.
DILUTENESS,The quality or state of being dilute. Bp. Wilkins.
DILUTER,One who, or that which, dilutes or makes thin, more liquid, orweaker.
DILUTION,The act of diluting, or the state of being diluted. Arbuthnot.
DILUVIAL,Effected or produced by a flood or deluge of water; -- said ofcoarse and
imperfectly stratified deposits along ancient or existingwater courses. Similar
unstratified deposits were formed by theagency of ice. The time of deposition has
been called the Diluvianepoch.
DILUVIALIST,One who explains geological phenomena by the Noachian deluge.Lyell.
DILUVIAN,Of or pertaining to a deluge, esp. to the Noachian deluge;diluvial; as, of
diluvian origin. Buckland.
DILUVIATE,To run as a flood. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
DILUVIUM,A deposit of superficial loam, sand, gravel, stones, etc.,caused by former
action of flowing waters, or the melting of glacialice.
DIM,To grow dim. J. C. Shairp.
DIM-SIGHTED,Having dim sight; lacking perception.-- Dim"-sight`ed*ness, n.
DIMBLE,A bower; a dingle. [Obs.] Drayton.
DIME,A silver coin of the United States, of the value of ten cents;the tenth of a
dollar. Dime novel, a novel, commonly sensational andtrashy, which is sold for a
dime, or ten cents.
DIMENSION,The degree of manifoldness of a quantity; as, time is quantityhaving one
dimension; volume has three dimensions, relative toextension.
DIMENSIONAL,Pertaining to dimension.
DIMENSIONED,Having dimensions. [R.]
DIMENSIONLESS,Without dimensions; having no appreciable or noteworthy
extent.Milton.
DIMENSITY,Dimension. [R.] Howell.
DIMENSIVE,Without dimensions; marking dimensions or the limits.Who can draw the
soul's dimensive lines Sir J. Davies.
DIMERAN,One of the Dimera.
DIMEROUS,Composed of, or having, two parts of each kind.
DIMETER,Having two poetical measures or meters.-- n.
DIMETHYL,Ethane; -- sometimes so called because regarded as consistingof two methyl
radicals. See Ethane.
DIMETRIC,Same as Tetragonal. Dana.
DIMICATION,A fight; contest. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DIMIDIATE,To represent the half of; to halve.
DIMIDIATION,The act of dimidiating or halving; the state of beingdimidiate.
DIMINISH,To make smaller by a half step; to make (an interval) less thanminor; as,
a diminished seventh.
DIMINISHABLE,Capable of being diminished or lessened.
DIMINISHER,One who, or that which, diminishes anything. Clerke (1637).
DIMINISHINGLY,In a manner to diminish.
DIMINISHMENT,Diminution. [R.] Cheke.
DIMINUENDO,In a gradually diminishing manner; with abatement of tone;decrescendo;
-- expressed on the staff by Dim., or Dimin., or thesign.
DIMINUENT,Lessening. Bp. Sanderson.
DIMINUTAL,Indicating or causing diminution. Earle.
DIMINUTE,Small; diminished; diminutive. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
DIMINUTELY,Diminutively. [Obs.]
DIMINUTION,Omission, inaccuracy, or defect in a record.
DIMINUTIVAL,Indicating diminution; diminutive. "Diminutival forms" [ofwords].
Earle.-- n.
DIMINUTIVE,A derivative from a noun, denoting a small or a young object ofthe same
kind with that denoted by the primitive; as, gosling,eaglet, lambkin.Babyisms and
dear diminutives. Tennyson.
DIMINUTIVELY,In a diminutive manner.
DIMINUTIVENESS,The quality of being diminutive; smallness; littleness;minuteness.
DIMISH,See Dimmish.
DIMISSION,Leave to depart; a dismissing. [Obs.] Barrow.
DIMISSORY,Sending away; dismissing to another jurisdiction; grantingleave to
depart. Letters dimissory (Eccl.), letters given by a bishopdismissing a person who
is removing into another diocese, andrecommending him for reception there. Hook.
DIMIT,To dismiss, let go, or release. [Obs.]
DIMITY,A cotton fabric employed for hangings and furniture coverings,and formerly
used for women's under-garments. It is of many patterns,both plain and twilled, and
occasionally is printed in colors.
DIMLY,In a dim or obscure manner; not brightly or clearly; withimperfect sight.
DIMORPH,Either one of the two forms of a dimorphous substance; as,calcite and
aragonite are dimorphs.
DIMORPHIC,Having the property of dimorphism; dimorphous.
DIMORPHISM,Difference of form between members of the same species, as whena plant
has two kinds of flowers, both hermaphrodite (as in thepartridge berry), or when
there are two forms of one or both sexes ofthe same species of butterfly.Dimorphism
is the condition of the appearance of the same speciesunder two dissimilar forms.
Darwin.
DIMORPHOUS,Characterized by dimorphism; occurring under two distinctforms, not
dependent on sex; dimorphic.
DIMPLE,To form dimples; to sink into depressions or littleinequalities.And smiling
eddies dimpled on the main. Dryden.
DIMPLEMENT,The state of being dimpled, or marked with gentle depressions.[R.]The
ground's most gentle dimplement. Mrs. Browning.
DIMPLY,Full of dimples, or small depressions; dimpled; as, the dimplypool. Thomson.
DIMYARIAN,Like or pertaining to the Dimya.-- n.
DIMYARY,Same as Dimyarian.
DIN,Loud, confused, harsh noise; a loud, continuous, rattling orclanging sound;
clamor; roar.Think you a little din can daunt mine ears Shak.He knew the battle's
din afar. Sir W. Scott.The dust and din and steam of town. Tennyson.
DINAPHTHYL,A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon, C20H14, obtained fromnaphthylene,
and consisting of a doubled naphthylene radical.
DINARCHY,See Diarchy.
DINE,To eat the principal regular meal of the day; to take dinner.Now can I break
my fast, dine, sup, and sleep. Shak.To dine with Duke Humphrey, to go without
dinner; -- a phrase commonin Elizabethan literature, said to be from the practice
of the poorgentry, who beguiled the dinner hour by a promenade near the tomb
ofHumphrey, Duke of Gloucester, in Old Saint Paul's.
DINER,One who dines.
DINER-OUT,One who often takes his dinner away from home, or in company.A brilliant
diner-out, though but a curate. Byron.
DINETICAL,Revolving on an axis. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DING,A thump or stroke, especially of a bell.
DINGDONG THEORY,The theory which maintains that the primitive elements oflanguage
are reflex expressions induced by sensory impressions; thatis, as stated by Max
Müller, the creative faculty gave to eachgeneral conception as it thrilled for the
first time through thebrain a phonetic expression; -- jocosely so called from the
analogyof the sound of a bell induced by the stroke of the clapper.
DINGDONG,An attachment to a clock by which the quarter hours are struckupon bells
of different tones.
DINGILY,In a dingy manner.
DINGINESS,Quality of being dingy; a dusky hue.
DINGLE,A narrow dale; a small dell; a small, secluded, and emboweredvalley.
DINGLE-DANGLE,In a dangling manner.
DINGO,A wild dog found in Australia, but supposed to have introducedat a very early
period. It has a wolflike face, bushy tail, and areddish brown color.
DINGTHRIFT,A spendthrift. [Obs.]Wilt thou, therefore, a drunkard be, A dingthrift
and a knave Drant.
DINGY,Soiled; sullied; of a dark or dusky color; dark brown; dirty."Scraps of dingy
paper." Macaulay.
DINICHTHYS,A genus of large extinct Devonian ganoid fishes. In some partsof Ohio
remains of the Dinichthys are abundant, indicating animalstwenty feet in length.
DINING,from Dine, a.
DINK,Trim; neat. [Scot.] Burns.-- Dink"ly, adv.
DINMONT,A wether sheep between one and two years old. [Scot.]
DINNERLESS,Having no dinner. Fuller.
DINNERLY,Of or pertaining to dinner. [R.]The dinnerly officer. Copley.
DINOCERAS,A genus of large extinct Eocene mammals from Wyoming; -- calledalso
Uintatherium. See Illustration in Appendix.
DINORNIS,A genus of extinct, ostrichlike birds of gigantic size, whichformerly
inhabited New Zealand. See Moa. [Written also Deinornis.]
DINOSAURIA,An order of extinct mesozoic reptiles, mostly of large size(whence the
name). Notwithstanding their size, they present birdlikecharacters in the skeleton,
esp. in the pelvis and hind limbs. Somewalked on their three-toed hind feet, thus
producing the large "birdtracks," so-called, of mesozoic sandstones; others were
five-toed andquadrupedal. See Illust. of Compsognathus, also Illustration
ofDinosaur in Appendix.
DINOXIDE,Same as Dioxide.
DINSOME,Full of din. [Scot.] Burns.
DINT,To make a mark or cavity on or in, by a blow or by pressure; todent. Donne.
Tennyson.
DINUMERATION,Enumeration. [Obs.] Bullokar.
DIOCESAN,Of or pertaining to a diocese; as, diocesan missions.
DIOCESE,The circuit or extent of a bishop's jurisdiction; the districtin which a
bishop exercises his ecclesiastical authority.[Frequently, but improperly, spelt
diocess.]
DIOCESENER,One who belongs to a diocese. [Obs.] Bacon.
DIODON,A genus of spinose, plectognath fishes, having the teeth ofeach jaw united
into a single beaklike plate. They are able toinflate the body by taking in air or
water, and, hence, are calledglobefishes, swellfishes, etc. fishes, and sea
hedgehogs.
DIODONT,Like or pertaining to the genus Diodon.-- n.
DIOECIA,A Linnæan class of plants having the stamens and pistils ondifferent
plants.
DIOECIOUSLY,In a dioecious manner. Dioeciously hermaphrodite (Bot.), havingflowers
structurally perfect, but practically dioecious, -- those onone plant producing no
pollen, and those on another no ovules.
DIOECIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being dioecious.
DIOECISM,The condition of being dioecious.
DIOGENES,A Greek Cynic philosopher (412-323 B. C.) who lived much inAthens and was
distinguished for contempt of the common aims andconditions of life, and for sharp,
caustic sayings. Diogenes' crab(Zoöl.), a species of terrestrial hermit crabs
(Cenobita Diogenes),abundant in the West Indies and often destructive to crops.--
Diogenes' tub, the tub which the philosopher Diogenes is said tohave carried about
with him as his house, in which he lived.
DIOICOUS,See Dioecious.
DIOMEDEA,A genus of large sea birds, including the albatross. SeeAlbatross.
DIONAEA,An insectivorous plant. See Venus's flytrap.
DIONYSIA,Any of the festivals held in honor of the Olympian godDionysus. They
correspond to the Roman Bacchanalia; the greaterDionysia were held at Athens in
March or April, and were celebratedwith elaborate performances of both tragedies
and comedies.
DIONYSIAC,Of or pertaining to Dionysus or to the Dionysia; Bacchic; as, aDionysiac
festival; the Dionysiac theater at Athens.
DIONYSIAN,Relating to Dionysius, a monk of the 6th century; as, theDionysian, or
Christian, era. Dionysian period, a period of 532years, depending on the cycle of
the sun, or 28 years, and the cycleof the moon, or 19 years; -- sometimes called
the Greek paschalcycle, or Victorian period.
DIOPHANTINE,Originated or taught by Diophantus, the Greek writer onalgebra.
Diophantine analysis (Alg.), that branch of indeterminateanalysis which has for its
object the discovery of rational valuesthat satisfy given equations containing
squares or cubes; as, forexample, to find values of x and y which make x2 + y2 an
exactsquare.
DIOPSIDE,A crystallized variety of pyroxene, of a clear, grayish greencolor;
mussite.
DIOPTASE,A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring in emerald-greencrystals.
DIOPTRE,A unit employed by oculists in numbering glasses according tothe metric
system; a refractive power equal to that of a glass whoseprincipal focal distance
is one meter.
DIOPTRIC,Of or pertaining to the dioptre, or to the metric system ofnumbering
glasses.-- n.
DIOPTRICS,The science of the refraction of light; that part ofgeometrical optics
which treats of the laws of the refraction oflight in passing from one medium into
another, or through differentmediums, as air, water, or glass, and esp. through
different lenses;-- distinguished from catoptrics, which refers to reflected light.
DIOPTRY,A dioptre.
DIORAMIC,Pertaining to a diorama.
DIORISM,Definition; logical direction. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DIORISTIC,Distinguishing; distinctive; defining. [R.] --Di`o*ris"tic*al*ly, adv.
[R.] Dr. H. More.
DIORITE,An igneous, crystalline in structure, consisting essentially ofa triclinic
feldspar and hornblende. It includes part of what wascalled greenstone.
DIORITIC,Containing diorite.
DIORTHOTIC,Relating to the correcting or straightening out of something;corrective.
DIOSCOREA,A genus of plants. See Yam.
DIOTA,A vase or drinking cup having two handles or ears.
DIOXINDOL,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance obtained by thereduction of
isatin. It is a member of the indol series; -- hence itsname.
DIPASCHAL,Including two passovers. Carpenter.
DIPCHICK,See Dabchick.
DIPETALOUS,Having two petals; two-petaled.
DIPHENYL,A white crystalline substance, C6H5.C6H5, obtained by leadingbenzene
through a heated iron tube. It consists of two benzene orphenyl radicals united.
DIPHTHERIA,A very dangerous contagious disease in which the air passages,and
especially the throat, become coated with a false membrane,produced by the
solidification of an inflammatory exudation. Cf.Group.
DIPHTHONG,To form or pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize. [R.]
DIPHTHONGAL,Relating or belonging to a diphthong; having the nature of
adiphthong.-- Diph*thon"gal*ly, adv.
DIPHTHONGALIZE,To make into a diphthong; to pronounce as a diphthong.
DIPHTHONGATION,See Diphthongization.
DIPHTHONGIC,Of the nature of diphthong; diphthongal. H. Sweet.
DIPHTHONGIZATION,The act of changing into a diphthong. H. Sweet.
DIPHTHONGIZE,To change into a diphthong, as by affixing another vowel to asimple
vowel. "The diphthongized long vowels." H. Sweet.
DIPHYCERCAL,Having the tail fin divided into two equal parts by thenotochord, or
end of the vertebral column; protocercal. SeeProtocercal.
DIPHYGENIC,Having two modes of embryonic development.
DIPHYLLOUS,Having two leaves, as a calyx, etc.
DIPHYODONT,Having two successive sets of teeth (deciduous and permanent),one
succeeding the other; as, a diphyodont mammal; diphyodontdentition; -- opposed to
monophyodont.-- n.
DIPHYOZOOID,One of the free-swimming sexual zooids of Siphonophora.
DIPLANAR,Of or pertaining to two planes.
DIPLEIDOSCOPE,An instrument for determining the time of apparent noon. Itconsists
of two mirrors and a plane glass disposed in the form of aprism, so that, by the
reflections of the sun's rays from theirsurfaces, two images are presented to the
eye, moving in oppositedirections, and coinciding at the instant the sun's center
is on themeridian.
DIPLEX,Pertaining to the sending of two messages in the same directionat the same
time. Diplex and contraplex are the two varieties ofduplex.
DIPLOBLASTIC,Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinallayers.
DIPLOCARDIAC,Having the heart completely divided or double, one sidesystemic, the
other pulmonary.
DIPLOCOCCUS,A form of micrococcus in which cocci are united in a binarymanner. See
Micrococcus.
DIPLOE,The soft, spongy, or cancellated substance between the platesof the skull.
DIPLOETIC,Diploic.
DIPLOGENIC,Partaking of the nature of two bodies; producing twosubstances. Wright.
DIPLOGRAPH,An instrument used for double writing, as one for producingembossed
writing for the blind and ordinary writing at the same time.-- Dip`lo*graph"ic*al
(#), a. -- Dip*log"ra*phy (#), n.
DIPLOIC,Of or pertaining to the diploë.
DIPLOID,A solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. Itis a
hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.
DIPLOMA,A letter or writing, usually under seal, conferring someprivilege, honor,
or power; a document bearing record of a degreeconferred by a literary society or
educational institution.
DIPLOMACY,A diplomatist.
DIPLOMATE,To invest with a title o [R.] Wood.
DIPLOMATIAL,Diplomatic. [R.]
DIPLOMATIC,A minister, official agent, or envoy to a foreign court; adiplomatist.
DIPLOMATICALLY,According to the rules of diplomacy; in the manner of adiplomatist;
artfully.
DIPLOMATICS,The science of diplomas, or the art of deciphering ancientwritings, and
determining their age, authenticity, etc.; paleography.
DIPLOMATISM,Diplomacy. [R.]
DIPLOMATIST,A person employed in, or skilled in, diplomacy; a diplomat.In ability,
Avaux had no superior among the numerous able diplomaticswhom his country then
possessed. Macaulay.
DIPLOPOD,One of the Diplopoda.
DIPLOPODA,An order of myriapods having two pairs of legs on each segment;the
Chilognatha.
DIPLOSTEMONOUS,Having twice as many stamens as petals, as the geranium. R.Brown.
DIPLOSTEMONY,The condition of being diplostemonous.
DIPNEUMONA,A group of spiders having only two lunglike organs. [Writtenalso
Dipneumones.]
DIPNOI,A group of ganoid fishes, including the living genera Ceratodusand
Lepidosiren, which present the closest approximation to theAmphibia. The air
bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils openinside the mouth. See Ceratodus, and
Illustration in Appendix.
DIPODY,Two metrical feet taken together, or included in one
measure.Hadley.Trochaic, iambic, and anapestic verses . . . are measured
bydipodies. W. W. Goodwin.
DIPOLAR,Having two poles, as a magnetic bar.
DIPRISMATIC,Doubly prismatic.
DIPROPARGYL,A pungent, mobile, volatile liquid, C6H6, produced artificiallyfrom
certain allyl derivatives. Though isomeric with benzine, it isvery different in its
chemical relations. Called also dipropinyl.
DIPROPYL,One of the hexane paraffins, found in petroleum, consisting oftwo propyl
radicals. See Hexane.
DIPROTODON,An extinct Quaternary marsupial from Australia, about as largeas the
hippopotamus; -- so named because of its two large frontteeth. See Illustration in
Appendix.
DIPSAS,A genus of harmless colubrine snakes.
DIPSETIC,Tending to produce thirst. Wright.
DIPSOMANIA,A morbid an uncontrollable craving (often periodic) for drink,esp. for
alcoholic liquors; also improperly used to denote acute andchronic alcoholism.
DIPSOMANIAC,One who has an irrepressible desire for alcoholic drinks.
DIPSOMANIACAL,Of or pertaining to dipsomania.
DIPSOSIS,Excessive thirst produced by disease.
DIPTERA,An extensive order of insects having only two functional wingsand two
balancers, as the house fly, mosquito, etc. They have asuctorial proboscis, often
including two pairs of sharp organs(mandibles and maxillæ) with which they pierce
the skin of animals.They undergo a complete metamorphosis, their larvæ (called
maggots)being usually without feet.
DIPTERAL,Having two wings only; belonging to the order Diptera.
DIPTERAN,An insect of the order Diptera.
DIPTEROCARPUS,A genus of trees found in the East Indies, some species ofwhich
produce a fragrant resin, other species wood oil. The fruit hastwo long wings.
DIPTEROUS,Having two wings, as certain insects; belonging to the orderDiptera.
DIPTERYGIAN,Having two dorsal fins; -- said of certain fishes.
DIPTOTE,A noun which has only two cases. Andrews.
DIPYRE,A mineral of the scapolite group; -- so called from the doubleeffect of fire
upon it, in fusing it, and rendering itphosphorescent.
DIPYRENOUS,Containing two stones or nutlets.
DIPYRIDINE,A polymeric form of pyridine, C10H10N2, obtained as a colorlessoil by
the action of sodium on pyridine.
DIPYRIDYL,A crystalline nitrogenous base, C10H8N2, obtained by thereduction of
pyridine.
DIRADIATION,The emission and diffusion of rays of light.
DIRECT ACTION,See Syndicalism, below.
DIRECT NOMINATION,The nomination or designation of candidates for public officeby
direct popular vote rather than through the action of a conventionor body of
elected nominating representatives or delegates. The termis applied both to the
nomination of candidates without anynominating convention, and, loosely, to the
nomination effected, asin the case of candidates for president or senator of the
UnitedStates, by the election of nominating representatives pledged orinstructed to
vote for certain candidates dssignated by popular vote.
DIRECT PRIMARY,A primary by which direct nominations of candidates for officeare
made.
DIRECT,In the direction of the general planetary motion, or from westto east; in
the order of the signs; not retrograde; -- said of themotion of a celestial body.
Direct action. (Mach.) See Direct-acting.-- Direct discourse (Gram.), the language
of any one quoted withoutchange in its form; as, he said "I can not come;" --
correlative toindirect discourse, in which there is change of form; as, he saidthat
he could not come. They are often called respectively by theirLatin names, oratio
directa, and oratio obliqua.-- Direct evidence (Law), evidence which is positive or
notinferential; -- opposed to circumstantial, or indirect, evidence.-- This
distinction, however, is merely formal, since there is nodirect evidence that is
not circumstantial, or dependent oncircumstances for its credibility. Wharton.--
Direct examination (Law), the first examination of a witness inthe orderly course,
upon the merits. Abbott.-- Direct fire (Mil.), fire, the direction of which is
perpendicularto the line of troops or to the parapet aimed at.-- Direct process
(Metal.), one which yields metal in workingcondition by a single process from the
ore. Knight.-- Direct tax, a tax assessed directly on lands, etc., and
polls,distinguished from taxes on merchandise, or customs, and from excise.
DIRECT-ACTING,Acting directly, as one part upon another, without theintervention of
other working parts. Direct-acting steam engine, onein which motion is transmitted
to the crank without the interventionof a beam or lever; -- also called direct-
action steam engine.-- Direct-acting steam pump, one in which the steam piston rod
isdirectly connected with the pump rod; -- also called direct-actionsteam pump.
DIRECT-COUPLED,Coupled without intermediate connections, as an engine and adynamo.
DIRECTER,One who directs; a director. Directer plane (Geom.), the planeto which all
right-lined elements in a warped surface are parallel.
DIRECTION,The pointing of a piece with reference to an imaginary verticalaxis; --
distinguished from elevation. The direction is given whenthe plane of sight passes
through the object. Wilhelm.
DIRECTNESS,The quality of being direct; straightness;
straightforwardness;immediateness.
DIRECTOIRE STYLE,A style of dress prevalent at the time of the French
Directory,characterized by great extravagance of design and imitating the Greekand
Roman costumes.
DIRECTOR,A part of a machine or instrument which directs its motion oraction.
DIRECTORATE,The office of director; also, a body of directors takenjointly.
DIRECTORSHIP,The condition or office of a director; directorate.
DIRECTORY,Containing directions; enjoining; instructing; directorial.
DIRECTRESS,A woman who directs. Bp. Hurd.
DIREFUL,Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a direfulfiend; a direful
day.-- Dire"ful*ly, adv.-- Dire"ful*ness, n.
DIRELY,In a dire manner. Drayton.
DIREMPT,Divided; separated. [Obs.] Stow.
DIREMPTION,A tearing apart; violent separation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DIRENESS,Terribleness; horror; woefulness. Shak.
DIREPTION,The act of plundering, despoiling, or snatching away. [R.]Speed.
DIREPTITIOUS,Characterized by direption. [R.] Encyc. Dict.
DIREPTITIOUSLY,With plundering violence; by violent injustice. [R.] Strype.
DIRGE,A piece of music of a mournful character, to accompany funeralrites; a
funeral hymn.The raven croaked, and hollow shrieks of owls Sung dirges at
herfuneral. Ford.
DIRGEFUL,Funereal; moaning.Soothed sadly by the dirgeful wind. Coleridge.
DIRIGE,A service for the dead, in the Roman Catholic Church, being thefirst
antiphon of Matins for the dead, of which Dirige is the firstword; a
dirge.Evensongs and placebo and dirige. Wyclif.Resort, I pray you, unto my
sepulture To sing my dirige with greatdevotion. Lamentation of Mary Magdalene.
DIRIGENT,Directing. Baxter.
DIRIGIBLE,Capable of being directed; steerable; as, a dirigible balloon.
DIRIMENT,Absolute. Diriment impediment (R. C. Ch.), an impediment thatnullifies
marriage.
DIRK,A kind of dagger or poniard; -- formerly much used by theScottish Highlander.
Dirk knife, a clasp knife having a large,dirklike blade.
DIRKNESS,Darkness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DIRL,To thrill; to vibrate; to penetrate. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
DIRT,To make foul of filthy; to dirty. Swift.
DIRTILY,In a dirty manner; foully; nastily; filthily; meanly; sordidly.
DIRTINESS,The state of being dirty; filthiness; foulness; nastiness;baseness;
sordidness.
DIRUPTION,Disruption.
DIS,The god Pluto. Shak.
DIS-,.
DISABLE,Lacking ability; unable. [Obs.] "Our disable and unactiveforce." Daniel.
DISABLEMENT,Deprivation of ability; incapacity. Bacon.
DISABUSE,To set free from mistakes; to undeceive; to disengage fromfallacy or
deception; to set right.To undeceive and disabuse the people. South.If men are now
sufficiently enlightened to disabuse themselves orartifice, hypocrisy, and
superstition, they will consider this eventas an era in their history. J. Adams.
DISACCOMMODATE,To put to inconvenience; to incommode. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
DISACCOMMODATION,A state of being unaccommodated or unsuited. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
DISACCORD,To refuse to assent. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISACCORDANT,Not accordant. Fabyan.
DISACCUSTOM,To destroy the force of habit in; to wean from a custom.Johnson.
DISACIDIFY,To free from acid.
DISACKNOWLEDGE,To refuse to acknowledge; to deny; to disown. [Obs.] South.
DISACQUAINT,To render unacquainted; to make unfamiliar. [Obs.]While my sick heart
With dismal smart Is disacquainted never.Herrick.
DISACQUAINTANCE,Neglect of disuse of familiarity, or familiar acquaintance.[Obs.]
South.
DISACRYL,A white amorphous substance obtained as a polymericmodification of
acrolein.
DISADORN,To deprive of ornaments. Congreve.
DISADVANCE,To draw back, or cause to draw back. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISADVANTAGE,To injure the interest of; to be detrimental to.
DISADVANTAGEABLE,Injurious; disadvantageous. [Obs.] Bacon.
DISADVANTAGEOUS,Attended with disadvantage; unfavorable to success orprosperity;
inconvenient; prejudicial; -- opposed to advantageous;as, the situation of an army
is disadvantageous for attack ordefense.Even in the disadvantageous position in
which he had been placed, hegave clear indications of future excellence.
Prescott.-- Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ly, adv.-- Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ness, n.
DISADVENTURE,Misfortune; mishap. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
DISADVENTUROUS,Unprosperous; unfortunate. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISADVISE,To advise against; to dissuade from. [R.] Boyle.
DISAFFECTED,Alienated in feeling; not wholly loyal. J. H. Newman.--
Dis`af*fect"ed*ly, adv.-- Dis`af*fect"ed*ness, n.
DISAFFECTIONATE,Not disposed to affection; unfriendly; disaffected. [R.]Blount.
DISAFFIRM,To refuse to confirm; to annul, as a judicial decision, by acontrary
judgment of a superior tribunal.
DISAFFIRMANCE,Overthrow or annulment by the decision of a superior tribunal;as,
disaffirmance of judgment.
DISAFFIRMATION,The act of disaffirming; negation; refutation.
DISAFFOREST,To reduce from the privileges of a forest to the state ofcommon ground;
to exempt from forest laws.By charter 9 Henry III. many forests were disafforested.
Blackstone.
DISAGGREGATE,To destroy the aggregation of; to separate into componentparts, as an
aggregate mass.
DISAGGREGATION,The separation of an aggregate body into its component parts.
DISAGREEABLENESS,The state or quality of being; disagreeable; unpleasantness.
DISAGREEABLY,In a disagreeable manner; unsuitably; offensively.
DISAGREEANCE,Disagreement. [Obs.]
DISAGREER,One who disagrees. Hammond.
DISALLIEGE,To alienate from allegiance. [Obs. & R.] Milton.
DISALLOW,To refuse to allow; to deny the force or validity of; to disownand reject;
as, the judge disallowed the executor's charge.To whom coming, as unto a living
stone, disallowed indeed of men, butchosen of God. 1 Pet. ii. 4.That the edicts of
Cæsar we may at all times disallow, but thestatutes of God for no reason we may
reject. Milton.
DISALLOWABLE,Not allowable; not to be suffered. Raleigh.-- Dis`al*low"a*ble*ness,
n.
DISALLOWANCE,The act of disallowing; refusal to admit or permit; rejection.
DISALLY,To part, as an alliance; to sunder. [R.] "Disallied theirnuptials." Milton.
DISANCHOR,To raise the anchor of, as a ship; to weigh anchor. [Obs.]Heywood.
DISANGELICAL,Not angelical. [R.] "Disangelical nature." Coventry.
DISANNEX,To disunite; to undo or repeal the annexation of. State Trials(1608).
DISANNUL,To annul completely; to render void or of no effect.For the Lord of hosts
hath purposed, and who shall disannul Isaiahxiv. 27.
DISANNULLER,One who disannuls.
DISANNULMENT,Complete annulment.
DISANOINT,To invalidate the consecration of; as, to disanoint a king.[Obs.] Milton.
DISAPPAREL,To disrobe; to strip of apparel; to make naked.Drink disapparels the
soul. Junius (1635).
DISAPPEARANCE,The act of disappearing; cessation of appearance; removal fromsight;
vanishing. Addison.
DISAPPEARING,p. pr. & vb. n. of Disappear.
DISAPPENDENCY,A detachment or separation from a former connection. [R.]
DISAPPENDENT,Freed from a former connection or dependence; disconnected.[R.]
DISAPPRECIATE,To undervalue; not to esteem.-- Dis`ap*pre`ci*a"tion, n.
DISAPPROBATION,The act of disapproving; mental condemnation of what is judgedwrong,
unsuitable, or inexpedient; feeling of censure.We have ever expressed the most
unqualified disapprobation of all thesteps. Burke.
DISAPPROBATORY,Containing disapprobation; serving to disapprove.
DISAPPROPRIATE,Severed from the appropriation or possession of a
spiritualcorporation.The appropriation may be severed, and the church
becomedisappropriate, two ways. Blackstone.
DISAPPROPRIATION,The act of disappropriating.
DISAPPROVAL,Disapprobation; dislike; censure; adverse judgment.
DISAPPROVER,One who disapproves.
DISAPPROVINGLY,In a disapproving manner.
DISARD,See Dizzard. [Obs.] Burton.
DISARMAMENT,The act of disarming.
DISARMATURE,The act of divesting of armature. [R.]
DISARMED,Deprived of claws, and teeth or beaks. Cussans.
DISARMER,One who disarms.
DISARRANGE,To unsettle or disturb the order or due arrangement of; tothrow out of
order.
DISARRANGEMENT,The act of disarranging, or the state of being
disarranged;confusion; disorder. Cowper.
DISARRAYMENT,Disorder. [R.] Feltham.
DISARTICULATE,To sunder; to separate, as joints.-- Dis`ar*tic`u*la"tion, n.
DISARTICULATOR,One who disarticulates and prepares skeletons.
DISASSENT,To dissent. [Obs.]
DISASSENTER,One who disassents; a dissenter. [Obs.] State Trials (1634).
DISASSIDUITY,Want of as siduity or care. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.
DISASSIMILATE,To subject to disassimilation.
DISASSIMILATION,The decomposition of complex substances, within the organism,into
simpler ones suitable only for excretion, with evolution ofenergy, -- a normal
nutritional process the reverse of assimilation;downward metabolism.The breaking
down of already existing chemical compounds into simplerones, sometimes called
disassimilation. Martin.
DISASSIMILATIVE,Having power to disassimilate; of the nature
ofdisassimilation.Disassimilative processes constitute a marked feature in the life
ofanimal cells. McKendrick.
DISASSOCIATE,To disconnect from things associated; to disunite; todissociate.
Florio.
DISASTERLY,Disastrously. [Obs.] Drayton.
DISATTIRE,To unrobe; to undress. Spenser.
DISAUGMENT,To diminish. [R.]
DISAUTHORIZE,To deprive of credit or authority; to discredit. [R.] W.Wotton.
DISAVAUNCE,To retard; to repel; to do damage to. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISAVENTURE,Misfortune. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISAVENTUROUS,Misadventurous; unfortunate. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISAVOUCH,To disavow. [R.] Daniel.
DISAVOWAL,The act of disavowing, disclaiming, or disowning; rejection anddenial.An
earnest disavowal of fear often proceeds from fear. Richardson.
DISAVOWANCE,Disavowal. [Obs.] South.
DISAVOWER,One who disavows.
DISAVOWMENT,Disavowal. [R.] Wotton.
DISBAND,To become separated, broken up, dissolved, or scattered;especially, to quit
military service by breaking up organization.
DISBANDMENT,The act of disbanding.
DISBAR,To expel from the bar, or the legal profession; to deprive (anattorney,
barrister, or counselor) of his status and privileges assuch. Abbott.
DISBARK,To disembark. Pope.
DISBARMENT,Act of disbarring.
DISBASE,To debase or degrade. [Obs.]Nor you nor your house were so much as spoken
of before I disbasedmyself. B. Jonson.
DISBECOME,To misbecome. [Obs.] Massinger.
DISBELIEF,The act of disbelieving;; a state of the mind in which one isfully
persuaded that an opinion, assertion, or doctrine is not true;refusal of assent,
credit, or credence; denial of belief.Our belief or disbelief of a thing does not
alter the nature of thething. Tillotson.No sadder proof can be given by a man of
his own littleness thatdisbelief in great men. Carlyle.
DISBELIEVE,Not to believe; to refuse belief or credence to; to hold not tobe true
or actual.Assertions for which there is abundant positive evidence are
oftendisbelieved, on account of what is called their improbability orimpossibility.
J. S. Mill.
DISBELIEVER,One who disbelieves, or refuses belief; an unbeliever.Specifically, one
who does not believe the Christian religion. I.Watts.
DISBENCH,To deprive (a bencher) of his privileges. Mozley & W.
DISBEND,To unbend. [Obs.] Stirling.
DISBIND,To unbind; to loosen. [Obs.] Mede.
DISBLAME,To clear from blame. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISBODIED,Disembodied. [R.]
DISBOSCATION,Converting forest land into cleared or arable land; removal ofa
forest. Sir W. Scott.
DISBOWEL,To disembowel. [R.] Spenser.
DISBRANCH,To divest of a branch or branches; to tear off. Shak.
DISBUD,To deprive of buds or shoots, as for training, or economizingthe vital
strength of a tree.
DISBURDEN,To rid of a burden; to free from a load borne or from
somethingoppressive; to unload; to disencumber; to relieve.He did it to disburden a
conscience. Feltham.My mediations . . . will, I hope, be more calm, being
thusdisburdened. Hammond.
DISBURGEON,To strip of burgeons or buds; to disbud. [R.] Holland.
DISBURSE,To pay out; to expend; -- usually from a public fund ortreasury.The duty
of collecting and disbursing his revenues. Macaulay.Disbursing officer, an officer
in any department of the publicservice who is charged with the duty of paying out
public money.
DISBURSER,One who disburses money.
DISBURTHEN,To disburden; to relieve of a load. [Archaic]
DISC,A flat round plate; (Biol.)
DISCAGE,To uncage. [R.] Tennyson.
DISCAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, a disk; as, discal cells.
DISCALCEATE,To pull off shoes or sandals from. [Obs.] Cockeram.
DISCALCEATED,Deprived off shoes or sandals; unshod; discalced.
DISCALCEATION,The act of pulling off the shoes or sandals. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
DISCALCED,Unshod; barefooted; -- in distinction from calced. "Thefoundation of
houses of discalced friars." Cardinal Manning's St.Teresa.
DISCAMP,To drive from a camp. [Obs.] Holland.
DISCANDY,To melt; to dissolve; to thaw. [Obs.]
DISCANT,See Descant, n.
DISCAPACITATE,To deprive of capacity; to incapacitate. [R.]
DISCARD,To throw out of one's hand, as superfluous cards; to lay aside(a card or
cards).
DISCARDURE,Rejection; dismissal. [R.] Hayter.
DISCARNATE,Stripped of flesh. [Obs.] "Discarnate bones." Glanvill.
DISCASE,To strip; to undress. Shak.
DISCEDE,To yield or give up; to depart. [Obs.]I dare not discede from my copy a
tittle. Fuller.
DISCEPT,To debate; to discuss. [R.]One dissertates, he is candid; Two must discept,
-- hasdistinguished. R. Browning.
DISCEPTATION,Controversy; disputation; discussion. [Archaic]Verbose janglings and
endless disceptations. Strype.
DISCEPTATOR,One who arbitrates or decides. [R.] Cowley.
DISCERNANCE,Discernment. [Obs.]
DISCERNER,One who, or that which, discerns, distinguishes, perceives, orjudges; as,
a discerner of truth, of right and wrong.A great observer and discerner of men's
natures. Clarendon.
DISCERNIBLE,Capable of being discerned by the eye or the understanding; as,a star
is discernible by the eye; the identity of difference of ideasis discernible by the
understanding.The effect of the privations and sufferings . . . was discernible
tothe last in his temper and deportment. Macaulay.
DISCERNIBLENESS,The quality of being discernible.
DISCERNIBLY,In a manner to be discerned; perceptibly; visibly. Hammond.
DISCERNING,Acute; shrewd; sagacious; sharp-sighted. Macaulay.
DISCERNINGLY,In a discerning manner; with judgment; judiciously; acutely.Garth.
DISCERP,Capability or liableness to be discerped. [R.] Wollaston.
DISCERPTION,The act of pulling to pieces, or of separating the parts. Bp.Hall.
DISCERPTIVE,Tending to separate or disunite parts. Encys. Dict.
DISCESSION,Departure. [Obs.]
DISCHARGE,To throw off or deliver a load, charge, or burden; to unload;to emit or
give vent to fluid or other contents; as, the water pipedischarges freely.The
cloud, if it were oily or fatty, would not discharge. Bacon.
DISCHARGER,One who, or that which, discharges. Specifically, inelectricity, an
instrument for discharging a Leyden jar, orelectrical battery, by making a
connection between the two surfaces;a discharging rod.
DISCHEVELE,Disheveled. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISCHURCH,To deprive of status as a church, or of membership in a church.Bp. Hall.
DISCIDE,To divide; to cleave in two. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISCIFEROUS,Bearing disks.
DISCIFORM,Discoid.
DISCINA,A genus of Branchiopoda, having a disklike shell, attached byone valve,
which is perforated by the peduncle.
DISCINCT,Ungirded; loosely dressed. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
DISCIND,To part; to divide. [Obs.] Boyle.
DISCIPLE,One who receives instruction from another; a scholar; alearner;
especially, a follower who has learned to believe in thetruth of the doctrine of
his teacher; an adherent in doctrine; as,the disciples of Plato; the disciples of
our Savior. The disciples,or The twelve disciples, the twelve selected companions
of Jesus; --also called the apostles.-- Disciples of Christ. See Christian, n., 3,
and Campbellite.
DISCIPLESHIP,The state of being a disciple or follower in doctrines andprecepts.
Jer. Taylor.
DISCIPLESS,A female disciple. [Obs.]
DISCIPLINABLENESS,The quality of being improvable by discipline. Sir M. Hale.
DISCIPLINAL,Relating to discipline. Latham.
DISCIPLINANT,A flagellant. See Flagellant.
DISCIPLINARIAN,Pertaining to discipline. "Displinarian system." Milman.
DISCIPLINARY,Pertaining to discipline; intended for discipline;
corrective;belonging to a course of training.Those canons . . . were only
disciplinary. Bp. Ferne.The evils of the . . . are disciplinary and remedial.
Buckminster.
DISCIPLINE,The enforcement of methods of correction against one guilty
ofecclesiastical offenses; reformatory or penal action toward a churchmember.
DISCIPLINER,One who disciplines.
DISCLAIM,To relinquish or deny having a claim; to disavow another'sclaim; to
decline accepting, as an estate, interest, or office.Burrill.
DISCLAIMER,A denial, disavowal, or renunciation, as of a title, claim,interest,
estate, or trust; relinquishment or waiver of an interestor estate. Burrill.
DISCLAMATION,A disavowing or disowning. Bp. Hall.
DISCLAME,To disclaim; to expel. [Obs.] "Money did love disclame."Spenser.
DISCLAUNDER,To injure one's good name; to slander. [Obs.]
DISCLOAK,To take off a cloak from; to uncloak. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DISCLOSE,Disclosure. [Obs.] Shak. Young.
DISCLOSED,Represented with wings expanded; -- applied to doves and otherbirds not
of prey. Cussans.
DISCLOSER,One who discloses.
DISCLOUD,To clear from clouds. [Archaic] Fuller.
DISCLOUT,To divest of a clout. [R.]
DISCLUSION,A shutting off; exclusion. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DISCOAST,To depart; to quit the coast (that is, the side or border) ofanything; to
be separated. [Obs.]As far as heaven and earth discoasted lie. G. Fletcher.To
discoast from the plain and simple way of speech. Barrow.
DISCOBLASTIC,Applied to a form of egg cleavage seen in osseous fishes, whichoccurs
only in a small disk that separates from the rest of the egg.
DISCODACTYL,One of the tree frogs.
DISCODACTYLIA,A division of amphibians having suctorial disks on the toes, asthe
tree frogs.
DISCODACTYLOUS,Having sucking disks on the toes, as the tree frogs.
DISCOHERENT,Incoherent. [R.]
DISCOID,Having the form of a disk, as those univalve shells which havethe whorls in
one plane, so as to form a disk, as the pearlynautilus. Discoid flower (Bot.), a
compound flower, consisting oftubular florets only, as a tansy, lacking the rays
which are seen inthe daisy and sunflower.
DISCOIDAL,Disk-shaped; discoid.
DISCOLITH,One of a species of coccoliths, having an oval discoidal body,with a
thick strongly refracting rim, and a thinner central portion.One of them measures
about
DISCOLORATE,To discolor. [R.] Fuller.
DISCOMFIT,Discomfited; overthrown. [Obs.]
DISCOMFITURE,The act of discomfiting, or the state of being discomfited;rout;
overthrow; defeat; frustration; confusion and dejection.Every man's sword was
against his fellow, and there was a very greatdiscomfiture. 1 Sam. xiv. 20.A hope
destined to end . . . in discomfiture and disgrace. Macaulay.
DISCOMMENDABLE,Deserving, disapprobation or blame.-- Dis`com*mend"a*ble*ness, n.
DISCOMMENDATION,Blame; censure; reproach. [R.] Ayliffe.
DISCOMMENDER,One who discommends; a dispraiser. Johnson.
DISCOMMISSION,To deprive of a commission or trust. [R.] Laud.
DISCOMMODATE,To discommode. [Obs.] Howell.
DISCOMMODE,To put inconvenience; to incommode; to trouble. [R.]
DISCOMMODIOUS,Inconvenient; troublesome; incommodious. [R.] Spenser.--
Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ly, adv.-- Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ness, n.
DISCOMMODITY,Disadvantage; inconvenience. Bacon.
DISCOMMON,To deprive of commonable quality, as lands, by inclosing orappropriating.
Burrill.
DISCOMMUNITY,A lack of common possessions, properties, or relationship.Community of
embryonic structure reveals community of descent; butdissimilarity of embryonic
development does not prove discommunity ofdescent. Darwin.
DISCOMPANY,To free from company; to dissociate. [R.]It she be alone now, and
discompanied. B. Jonson.
DISCOMPLEXION,To change the complexion or hue of. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DISCOMPLIANCE,Failure or refusal to comply; noncompliance.A compliance will
discommend me to Mr. Coventry, and a discomplianceto my lord chancellor. Pepys.
DISCOMPOSED,Disordered; disturbed; disquieted.-- Dis`com*pos"ed*ly, adv.--
Dis`com*pos"ed*ness, n.
DISCOMPOSITION,Inconsistency; discordance. [Obs.] Donne.
DISCOMPT,To discount. See Discount. Hudibras.
DISCONCERT,Want of concert; disagreement. Sir W. Temple.
DISCONCERTION,The act of disconcerting, or state of being
disconcerted;discomposure; perturbation. [R.] State Trials (1794).
DISCONDUCIVE,Not conductive; impeding; disadvantageous. [R.]
DISCONFORMABLE,Not conformable.Disconformable in religion from us. Stow (1603).
DISCONFORMITY,Want of conformity or correspondence;
inconsistency;disagreement.Those . . . in some disconformity to ourselves.
Milton.Disagreement and disconformity betwixt the speech and the conceptionof the
mind. Hakewill.
DISCONGRUITY,Incongruity; disagreement; unsuitableness. Sir M. Hale.
DISCONNECT,To dissolve the union or connection of; to disunite; to sever;to
separate; to disperse.The commonwealth itself would . . . be disconnected into the
dust andpowder of individuality. Burke.This restriction disconnects bank paper and
the precious metals.Walsh.
DISCONNECTION,The act of disconnecting, or state of being disconnected;separation;
want of union.Nothing was therefore to be left in all the subordinate members
butweakness, disconnection, and confusion. Burke.
DISCONSECRATE,To deprive of consecration or sacredness. [R.]
DISCONSENT,To differ; to disagree; to dissent. [Obs.] Milton.
DISCONSOLACY,The state of being disconsolate. [Obs.] Barrow.
DISCONSOLATE,Disconsolateness. [Obs.] Barrow.
DISCONSOLATED,Disconsolate. [Obs.]A poor, disconsolated, drooping creature. Sterne.
DISCONSOLATION,Dejection; grief. [R.] Bp. Hall.
DISCONTENT,Not content; discontented; dissatisfied. Jer. Taylor.Passion seemed to
be much discontent, but Patience was very quiet.Bunyan.
DISCONTENTATION,Discontent. [Obs.] Ascham.
DISCONTENTED,Dissatisfied; uneasy in mind; malcontent.And every one that was in
distress, and every one that was in debt,and every one that was discontented,
gathered themselves unto him. 1Sam. xxii. 2.-- Dis`con*tent"ed*ly, adv.--
Dis`con*tent"ed*ness, n.
DISCONTENTFUL,Full of discontent. [R.]
DISCONTENTIVE,Relating or tending to discontent. [R.] "Pride is everdiscontentive."
Feltham.
DISCONTENTMENT,The state of being discontented; uneasiness; inquietude. Bacon.
DISCONTINUABLE,Admitting of being discontinued. [R.]
DISCONTINUATION,Breach or interruption of continuity; separation of parts in
aconnected series; discontinuance.Upon any discontinuation of parts, made either by
bubbles or byshaking the glass, the whole mercury falls. Sir I. Newton.
DISCONTINUE,To interrupt the continuance of; to intermit, as a practice orhabit; to
put an end to; to cause to cease; to cease using, to stop;to leave off.Set up their
conventicles again, which had been discontinued. Bp.Burnet.I have discontinued
school Above a twelvemonth. Shak.Taught the Greek tongue, discontinued before in
these parts the spaceof seven hundred years. Daniel.They modify and discriminate
the voice, without appearing todiscontinue it. Holder.
DISCONTINUEE,One whose possession of an estate is broken off, ordiscontinued; one
whose estate is subject to discontinuance.
DISCONTINUER,One who discontinues, or breaks off or away from; an absentee.He was
no gadder abroad, not discontinuer from his convent for a longtime. Fuller.
DISCONTINUITY,Want of continuity or cohesion; disunion of parts."Discontinuity of
surface." Boyle.
DISCONTINUOR,One who deprives another of the possession of an estate
bydiscontinuance. See Discontinuance, 2.
DISCONVENIENCE,Unsuitableness; incongruity. [Obs.] Bacon.
DISCONVENIENT,Not convenient or congruous; unsuitable; ill-adapted. [Obs.]Bp.
Reynolds.
DISCOPHORA,A division of acalephs or jellyfishes, including most of thelarge
disklike species.-- Dis*coph"o*rous, a.
DISCORD,Union of musical sounds which strikes the ear harshly ordisagreeably, owing
to the incommensurability of the vibrations whichthey produce; want of musical
concord or harmony; a chord demandingresolution into a concord.For a discord itself
is but a harshness of divers sounds mBacon.Apple of discord. See under Apple.
DISCORDABLE,That may produce discord; disagreeing; discordant. [R.]Halliwell.
DISCORDANT,Dissonant; not in harmony or musical concord; harsh; jarring;as,
discordant notes or sounds.For still their music seemed to start Discordant echoes
in eachheart. Longfellow.
DISCORDFUL,Full of discord; contentious. [Obs.] "His discordful dame."Spenser.
DISCORDOUS,Full of discord. [Obs.]
DISCORPORATE,Deprived of the privileges or form of a body corporate. [Obs.]Jas. II.
DISCORRESPONDENT,Incongruous. W. Montagu.
DISCOST,Same as Discoast. [Obs.]
DISCOUNSEL,To dissuade. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISCOUNT,To lend, or make a practice of lending, money, abating thediscount; as,
the discount for sixty or ninety days.
DISCOUNTABLE,Capable of being, or suitable to be, discounted; as, certainforms are
necessary to render notes discountable at a bank.
DISCOUNTENANCE,Unfavorable aspect; unfriendly regard; cold
treatment;disapprobation; whatever tends to check or discourage.He thought a little
discountenance on those persons would suppressthat spirit. Clarendon.
DISCOUNTENANCER,One who discountenances; one who disfavors. Bacon.
DISCOUNTER,One who discounts; a discount broker. Burke.
DISCOURAGE,Lack of courage; cowardliness.
DISCOURAGEABLE,Capable of being discouraged; easily disheartened. Bp. Hall.
DISCOURAGER,One who discourages.The promoter of truth and the discourager of error.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
DISCOURAGING,Causing or indicating discouragement.-- Dis*cour"a*ging*ly, adv.
DISCOURE,To discover. [Obs.]That none might her discoure. Spenser.
DISCOURSIVE,The state or quality of being discoursive or able to reason.[R.]
Feltham.
DISCOURTEOUS,Uncivil; rude; wanting in courtesy or good manners;uncourteous.--
Dis*cour"te*ous*ly, adv.-- Dis*cour"te*ous*ness, n.
DISCOURTESY,Rudeness of behavior or language; ill manners; manifestation
ofdisrespect; incivility.Be calm in arguing; for fierceness makes Error a fault,
and truthdiscourtesy. Herbert.
DISCOURTSHIP,Want of courtesy. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DISCOUS,Disklike; discoid.
DISCOVENANT,To dissolve covenant with.
DISCOVER,To discover or show one's self. [Obs.]This done, they discover. DeckeNor
was this the first time that they discovered to be followers ofthis world. Milton.
DISCOVERABILITY,The quality of being discoverable. [R.] Carlyle.
DISCOVERABLE,Capable of being discovered, found out, or perceived; as, manyminute
animals are discoverable only by the help of the microscope;truths discoverable by
human industry.
DISCOVERMENT,Discovery. [Obs.]
DISCOVERT,Not covert; not within the bonds of matrimony; unmarried; --applied
either to a woman who has never married or to a widow.
DISCOVERTURE,A state of being released from coverture; freedom of a womanfrom the
coverture of a husband.
DISCOVERY DAY,= Columbus Day, above.
DISCRADLE,To take from a cradle. [R.]This airy apparition first discradled From
Tournay into Portugal.Ford.
DISCREDITABLE,Not creditable; injurious to reputation; disgraceful;disreputable.--
Dis*cred"it*a*bly, adv.
DISCREDITOR,One who discredits.
DISCREET,The state or quality of being discrepant; disagreement;variance;
discordance; dissimilarity; contrariety.There hath been ever a discrepance of
vesture of youth and age, menand women. Sir T. Elyot.There is no real discrepancy
between these two genealogies. G. S.Faber.
DISCREPANT,Discordant; at variance; disagreeing; contrary; different.The Egyptians
were . . . the most oddly discrepant from the rest intheir manner of worship.
Cudworth.
DISCRETE,Separate; not coalescent; -- said of things usually coalescent.Discrete
movement. See Concrete movement of the voice, underConcrete, a.-- Discrete
proportion, proportion where the ratio of the means isdifferent from that of either
couplet; as, 3:6::8:16, 3 bearing thesame proportion to 6 as 8 does to 16. But 3 is
not to 6 as 6 to 8. Itis thus opposed to continued or continual proportion; as,
3:6::12:24.-- Discrete quantity, that which must be divided into units, asnumber,
and is opposed to continued quantity, as duration, orextension.
DISCRETELY,Separately; disjunctively.
DISCRETION,Left to discretion; unrestrained except by discretion orjudgment; as, an
ambassador with discretionary powers.
DISCRETIVE,Marking distinction or separation; disjunctive. Discretiveproposition
(Logic & Gram.), one that expresses distinction,opposition, or variety, by means of
discretive particles, as but,though, yet, etc.; as, travelers change their climate,
but not theirtemper.
DISCRETIVELY,In a discretive manner.
DISCRIMINABLE,Capable of being discriminated. [Obs.] Bailey.
DISCRIMINAL,In palmistry, applied to the line which marks the separationbetween the
hand and the arm.
DISCRIMINANT,The eliminant of the n partial differentials of any homogenousfunction
of n variables. See Eliminant.
DISCRIMINATE,Having the difference marked; distinguished by certain tokens.Bacon.
DISCRIMINATELY,In a discriminating manner; distinctly.
DISCRIMINATENESS,The state of being discriminated; distinctness.
DISCRIMINATING,Marking a difference; distinguishing.-- Dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly,
adv.And finds with keen discriminating sight, Black's not so black; --nor white so
very white. Canning.
DISCRIMINATION,The arbitrary imposition of unequal tariffs for substantiallythe
same service.A difference in rates, not based upon any corresponding difference
incost, constitutes a case of discrimination. A. T. Hadley.
DISCRIMINATIVELY,With discrimination or distinction. J. Foster.
DISCRIMINATOR,One who discriminates.
DISCRIMINATORY,Discriminative.
DISCRIMINOUS,Hazardous; dangerous. [Obs.] Harvey.
DISCRIVE,To describe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISCROWN,To deprive of a crown.The end had crowned the work; it not unreasonably
discrowned theworkman. Motley.
DISCRUCIATE,To torture; to excruciate. [Obs.]Discruciate a man in deep distress.
Herrick.
DISCUBITORY,Leaning; fitted for a reclining posture. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DISCULPATE,To free from blame or the imputation of a fault; to exculpate.I almost
fear you think I begged it, but I can disculpate myself.Walpole.
DISCULPATION,Exculpation. Burke.
DISCULPATORY,Tending to exculpate; exculpatory.
DISCUMBENCY,The act of reclining at table according to the manner of theancients at
their meals. Sir T. Browne.
DISCUMBER,To free from that which cumbers or impedes; to disencumber.[Archaic]
Pope.
DISCURE,To discover; to reveal; to discoure. [Obs.]I will, if please you it
discure, assay To ease you of that ill, sowisely as I may. Spenser.
DISCURRENT,Not current or free to circulate; not in use. [Obs.] Sir E.Sandys.
DISCURSION,The act of discoursing or reasoning; range, as from thought tothought.
Coleridge.
DISCURSIST,A discourser. [Obs.] L. Addison.
DISCURSORY,Argumentative; discursive; reasoning. [R.] Bp. Hall.
DISCURSUS,Argumentation; ratiocination; discursive reasoning.
DISCUSS,To examine or search thoroughly; to exhaust a remedy against,as against a
principal debtor before proceeding against the surety.Burrill.
DISCUSSER,One who discusses; one who sifts or examines. Wood.
DISCUSSIONAL,Pertaining to discussion.
DISCUSSIVE,Able or tending to discuss or disperse tumors or coagulatedmatter.
DISCUTIENT,Serving to disperse morbid matter; discussive; as, a
discutientapplication.-- n.
DISDAIN,To be filled with scorn; to feel contemptuous anger; to behaughty.And when
the chief priests and scribes saw the marvels that he did .. . they disdained.
Genevan Testament (Matt. xxi. 15).
DISDAINED,Disdainful. [Obs.]Revenge the jeering and disdained contempt Of this
proud king. Shak.
DISDAINFUL,Full of disdain; expressing disdain; scornful; contemptuous;haughty.From
these Turning disdainful to an equal good. Akenside.-- Dis*dain"ful*ly, adv.--
Dis*dain"ful*ness, n.
DISDAINISHLY,Disdainfully. [Obs.] Vives.
DISDAINOUS,Disdainful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DISDAINOUSLY,Disdainfully. [Obs.] Bale.
DISDEIFY,To divest or deprive of deity or of a deific rank or condition.Feltham.
DISDEIGN,To disdain. [Obs.]Guyon much disdeigned so loathly sight. Spenser.
DISDIACLAST,One of the dark particles forming the doubly refracting disksof muscle
fibers.
DISDIAPASON,An interval of two octaves, or a fifteenth; -- called alsobisdiapason.
DISEASED,Afflicted with disease.It is my own diseased imagination that torments me.
W. Irving.
DISEASEDNESS,The state of being diseased; a morbid state; sickness. [R.] T.Burnet.
DISEASEFULNESS,The quality of being diseaseful; trouble; trial. [R.] Sir P.Sidney.
DISEASEMENT,Uneasiness; inconvenience. [Obs.] Bacon.
DISEDGE,To deprive of an edge; to blunt; to dull.Served a little to disedge The
sharpness of that pain about herheart. Tennyson.
DISEDIFY,To fail of edifying; to injure. [R.]
DISELDER,To deprive of an elder or elders, or of the office of an elder.[Obs.]
Fuller.
DISELENIDE,A selenide containing two atoms of selenium in each molecule.
DISEMBARK,To remove from on board a vessel; to put on shore; to land; todebark; as,
the general disembarked the troops.
DISEMBARKATION,The act of disembarking.
DISEMBARKMENT,Disembarkation. [R.]
DISEMBARRASS,To free from embarrassment, or perplexity; to clear; toextricate.To
disembarrass himself of his companion. Sir W. Scott.
DISEMBARRASSMENT,Freedom or relief from impediment or perplexity.
DISEMBAY,To clear from a bay. Sherburne.
DISEMBELLISH,To deprive of embellishment; to disadorn. Carlyle.
DISEMBITTER,To free from
DISEMBODIED,Divested of a body; ceased to be corporal; incorporeal.The disembodied
spirits of the dead. Bryant.
DISEMBODIMENT,The act of disembodying, or the state of being disembodied.
DISEMBODY,To disarm and disband, as a body of soldiers,-Wilhelm.
DISEMBOGUE,To become discharged; to flow put; to find vent; to pour
outcontents.Volcanos bellow ere they disembogue. Young.
DISEMBOGUEMENT,The act of disemboguing; discharge. Mease.
DISEMBOSSOM,To separate from the bosom. [R.] Young.
DISEMBOWELMENT,The act of disemboweling, or state of being
disemboweled;evisceration.
DISEMBOWERED,Deprived of, or removed from, a bower. [Poetic] Bryant.
DISEMBRANGLE,To free from wrangling or litigation. [Obs.] Berkeley.
DISEMBROIL,To disentangle; to free from perplexity; to extricate
fromconfusion.Vaillant has disembroiled a history that was lost to the world
beforehis time. Addison.
DISEMPLOY,To throw out of employment. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
DISEMPLOYMENT,The state of being disemployed, or deprived of employment.This glut
of leisure and disemployment. Jer. Taylor.
DISEMPOWER,To deprive of power; to divest of strength. H. Bushnell.
DISENABLE,To disable; to disqualify.The sight of it might damp me and disenable me
to speak. State Trials(1640).
DISENAMOR,To free from the captivity of love. Shelton.
DISENCHAINED,Freed from restraint; unrestrained. [Archaic] E. A. Poe.
DISENCHANT,To free from enchantment; to deliver from the power of charmsor spells;
to free from fascination or delusion.Haste to thy work; a noble stroke or two Ends
all the charms, anddisenchants the grove. Dryden.
DISENCHANTER,One who, or that which, disenchants.
DISENCHANTMENT,The act of disenchanting, or state of being disenchanted.Shelton.
DISENCHARM,To free from the influence of a charm or spell; to disenchant.[R.] Jer.
Taylor.
DISENCLOSE,See Disinclose.
DISENCOURAGEMENT,Discouragement. [Obs.] Spectator.
DISENCRESE,To decrease. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISENCUMBER,To free from encumbrance, or from anything which clogs,impedes, or
obstructs; to disburden. Owen.I have disencumbered myself from rhyme. Dryden.
DISENCUMBRANCE,Freedom or deliverance from encumbrance, or anything burdensomeor
troublesome. Spectator.
DISENDOW,To deprive of an endowment, as a church. Gladstone.
DISENDOWMENT,The act of depriving of an endowment or endowments.[The] disendowment
of the Irish Church. G. B. Smith.
DISENFRANCHISE,To disfranchise; to deprive of the rights of a citizen.--
Dis`en*fran"chise*ment, n.
DISENGAGE,To release from that with which anything is engaged, engrossed,involved,
or entangled; to extricate; to detach; to set free; toliberate; to clear; as, to
disengage one from a party, from broilsand controversies, from an oath, promise, or
occupation; to disengagethe affections a favorite pursuit, the mind from study.To
disengage him and the kingdom, great sums were to be borrowed.Milton.Caloric and
light must be disengaged during the process. Transl. ofLavoisier.
DISENGAGED,Not engaged; free from engagement; at leisure; free fromoccupation or
care; vacant.-- Dis`en*ga"ged*ness, n.
DISENGAGING,Loosing; setting free; detaching. Disengaging machinery. Seeunder
Engaging.
DISENNOBLE,To deprive of that which ennobles; to degrade.An unworthy behavior
degrades and disennobles a man. Guardian.
DISENROLL,To erase from a roll or list. [Written also disenrol.] Donne.
DISENSANITY,Insanity; folly. [Obs.]What tediosity and disensanity Is here among!
Beau. & Fl.
DISENSHROUDED,Freed from a shroudlike covering; unveiled.The disenshrouded statue.
R. Browning.
DISENSLAVE,To free from bondage or slavery; to disenthrall.He shall disenslave and
redeem his soul. South.
DISENTAIL,To free from entailment.
DISENTANGLEMENT,The act of disentangling or clearing from difficulties. Warton.
DISENTER,See Disinter.
DISENTHRALL,To release from thralldom or slavery; to give freedom to;
todisinthrall. [Written also disenthral.] Milton.
DISENTHRALLMENT,Liberation from bondage; emancipation; disinthrallment.[Written
also disenthralment.]
DISENTHRONE,To dethrone; to depose from sovereign authority. Milton.
DISENTITLE,To deprive of title or claim.Every ordinary offense does not disentitle
a son to the love of hisfather. South.
DISENTOMB,To take out from a tomb; a disinter.
DISENTRAIL,To disembowel; to let out or draw forth, as the entrails.[Obs.]As if he
thought her soul to disentrail. Spenser.
DISENTRANCE,To awaken from a trance or an enchantment. Hudibras.
DISENTWINE,To free from being entwined or twisted. Shelley.
DISEPALOUS,Having two sepals; two-sepaled.
DISERT,Eloquent. [Obs.]
DISERTITUDE,Eloquence. [Obs.]
DISERTY,Expressly; clearly; eloquently. [Obs.] Holland.
DISESPOUSE,To release from espousal or plighted faith. [Poetic] Milton.
DISESTABLISH,To unsettle; to break up (anything established); to deprive, asa
church, of its connection with the state. M. Arnold.
DISESTEEM,Want of esteem; low estimation, inclining to dislike;
disfavor;disrepute.Disesteem and contempt of the public affairs. Milton.
DISESTEEMER,One who disesteems. Boyle.
DISESTIMATION,Disesteem.
DISEXERCISE,To deprive of exercise; to leave untrained. [Obs.]By disexercising and
blunting our abilities. Milton.
DISFAME,Disrepute. [R.] Tennyson.
DISFANCY,To dislike. [Obs.]
DISFASHION,To disfigure. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
DISFAVORABLE,Unfavorable. [Obs.] Stow.
DISFAVORABLY,Unpropitiously. [Obs.]
DISFAVORER,One who disfavors. Bacon.
DISFEATURE,To deprive of features; to mar the features of. [R.]
DISFELLOWSHIP,To exclude from fellowship; to refuse intercourse with, as
anassociate.An attempt to disfellowship an evil, but to fellowship the
evildoer.Freewill Bapt. Quart.
DISFIGURATION,The act of disfiguring, or the state of being disfigured;defacement;
deformity; disfigurement. Gauden.
DISFIGURE,To mar the figure of; to render less complete, perfect, orbeautiful in
appearance; to deface; to deform.Disfiguring not God's likeness, but their own.
Milton.
DISFIGURER,One who disfigures.
DISFLESH,To reduce the flesh or obesity of. [Obs.] Shelton.
DISFORESTATION,The act of clearing land of forests. Daniel.
DISFORMITY,Discordance or diversity of form; unlikeness in form.Uniformity or
disformity in comparing together the respective figuresof bodies. S. Clarke.
DISFRANCHISE,To deprive of a franchise or chartered right; to dispossess ofthe
rights of a citizen, or of a particular privilege, as of voting,holding office,
etc.Sir William Fitzwilliam was disfranchised. Fabyan (1509).He was partially
disfranchised so as to be made incapable of takingpart in public affairs.
Thirlwall.
DISFRANCHISEMENT,The act of disfranchising, or the state disfranchised;deprivation
of privileges of citizenship or of chartered immunities.Sentenced first to
dismission from the court, and then todisfranchisement and expulsion from the
colony. Palfrey.
DISFRIAR,To depose or withdraw from the condition of a friar. [Obs.]Many did
quickly unnun and disfriar themselves. Fuller.
DISFROCK,To unfrock.
DISFURNISH,To deprive of that with which anything is furnished
(furniture,equipments, etc.); to strip; to render destitute; to divest.I am a thing
obscure, disfurnished of All merit, that can raise mehigher. Massinger.
DISFURNISHMENT,The act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished.Daniel.
DISFURNITURE,The act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished.[Obs.]
DISGAGE,To free from a gage or pledge; to disengage. [Obs.] Holland.
DISGALLANT,To deprive of gallantry. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DISGARLAND,To strip of a garland. [Poetic] "Thy locks disgarland."Drummond.
DISGARNISH,To divest of garniture; to disfurnish; to dismantle. Bp. Hall.
DISGARRISON,To deprive of a garrison. Hewyt.
DISGAVEL,To deprive of that principal quality of gavelkind tenure bywhich lands
descend equally among all the sons of the tenant; -- saidof lands. Burrill.
DISGEST,To digest. [Obs.] Bacon.
DISGESTION,Digestion. [Obs.]
DISGLORIFY,To deprive of glory; to treat with indignity. [R.]Disglorified,
blasphemed, and had in scorn. Milton.
DISGLORY,Dishonor. [Obs.]To the disglory of God's name. Northbrooke.
DISGORGE,To vomit forth what anything contains; to discharge; to
makerestitution.See where it flows, disgorging at seven mouths Into the sea.
Milton.
DISGORGEMENT,The act of disgorging; a vomiting; that which is disgorged. Bp.Hall.
DISGOSPEL,To be inconsistent with, or act contrary to, the precepts ofthe gospel;
to pervert the gospel. [Obs.] Milton.
DISGRACEFUL,Bringing disgrace; causing shame; shameful; dishonorable;unbecoming;
as, profaneness is disgraceful to a man.-- Dis*grace"ful*fy, adv.--
Dis*grace"ful*ness, n.The Senate have cast you forth disgracefully. B. Jonson.
DISGRACER,One who disgraces.
DISGRACIOUS,Wanting grace; unpleasing; disagreeable. Shak.
DISGRACIVE,Disgracing. [Obs.] Feltham.
DISGRADATION,Degradation; a stripping of titles and honors.
DISGRADE,To degrade. [Obs.] Foxe.
DISGRADUATE,To degrade; to reduce in rank. [Obs.] Tyndale.
DISGREGATE,To disperse; to scatter; -- opposite of congregate. [Obs.]
DISGREGATION,The process of separation, or the condition of being separate,as of
the molecules of a body.
DISGRUNTLE,To dissatisfy; to disaffect; to anger. [Colloq.]
DISGUISEDLY,In disguise.
DISGUISEDNESS,The state of being disguised.
DISGUISEMENT,Disguise. [R.] Spenser.
DISGUISING,A masque or masquerade. [Obs.]
DISGUST,To provoke disgust or strong distaste in; to cause (any one)loathing, as of
the stomach; to excite aversion in; to offend themoral taste of; -- often with at,
with, or by.To disgust him with the world and its vanities. Prescott.Ærius is
expressly declared . . . to have been disgusted at failing.J. H. Newman.Alarmed and
disgusted by the proceedings of the convention. Macaulay.
DISGUSTFUL,Provoking disgust; offensive to the taste; exciting
aversion;disgusting.That horrible and disgustful situation. Burke.
DISGUSTFULNESS,The state of being disgustful.
DISGUSTING,That causes disgust; sickening; offensive; revolting.-- Dis*gust"ing*ly,
adv.
DISHABILITATE,To disqualify. [R.]
DISHABILLE,An undress; a loose, negligent dress; deshabille.They breakfast in
dishabille. Smollett.
DISHABIT,To dislodge. [Obs.]Those sleeping stones . . . from their fixed beds of
lime Had beendishabited. Shak.
DISHABITED,Rendered uninhabited. "Dishabited towns." R. Carew.
DISHABITUATE,To render unaccustomed.
DISHALLOW,To make unholy; to profane. Tennyson.Nor can the unholiness of the priest
dishallow the altar. T. Adams.
DISHARMONIOUS,Unharmonious; discordant. [Obs.] Hallywell.
DISHARMONY,Want of harmony; discord; incongruity. [R.]A disharmony in the different
impulses that constitute it [ournature]. Coleridge.
DISHAUNT,To leave; to quit; to cease to haunt. Halliwell.
DISHCLOTH,A cloth used for washing dishes.
DISHCLOUT,A dishcloth. [Obsolescent]
DISHEART,To dishearten. [Obs.]
DISHEARTEN,To discourage; to deprive of courage and hope; to depress thespirits of;
to deject.Regiments . . . utterly disorganized and disheartened. Macaulay.
DISHEARTENMENT,Discouragement; dejection; depression of spirits.
DISHEIR,To disinherit. [Obs.] Dryden.
DISHELM,To deprive of the helmet. [Poetic]Lying stark, Dishelmed and mute, and
motionlessly pale. Tennyson.
DISHERISON,The act of disheriting, or debarring from inheritance;disinhersion. Bp.
Hall.
DISHERIT,To disinherit; to cut off, or detain, from the possession orenjoyment of
an inheritance. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISHERITANCE,The act of disinheriting or state of being
disinherited;disinheritance. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DISHERITOR,One who puts another out of his inheritance.
DISHEVEL,To be spread in disorder or hang negligently, as the hair. [R.]Sir T.
Herbert.
DISHEVELE,Disheveled. [Obs.]Dishevele, save his cap, he rode all bare. Chaucer.
DISHFUL,As much as a dish holds when full.
DISHING,Dish-shaped; concave.
DISHONEST,To disgrace; to dishonor; as, to dishonest a maid. [Obs.]I will no longer
dishonest my house. Chapman.
DISHONESTLY,In a dishonest manner.
DISHONOR,The nonpayment or nonacceptance of commercial paper by theparty on whom it
is drawn.
DISHONORARY,Bringing dishonor on; tending to disgrace; lesseningreputation. Holmes.
DISHONORER,One who dishonors or disgraces; one who treats anotherindignity. Milton.
DISHORN,To deprive of horns; as, to dishorn cattle. "Dishorn thespirit." Shak.
DISHORSE,To dismount. Tennyson.
DISHOUSE,To deprive of house or home. "Dishoused villagers." JamesWhite.
DISHUMOR,Ill humor. [Obs.]
DISHWASHER,A European bird; the wagtail.
DISHWATER,Water in which dishes have been washed. "Suds and dishwater."Beau. & Fl.
DISILLUSION,The act or process of freeing from an illusion, or the state ofbeing
freed therefrom. Lowell.
DISILLUSIONIZE,To disenchant; to free from illusion. "The bitterdisillusionizing
experience of postnuptial life." W. Black.
DISILLUSIONMENT,The act of freeing from an illusion, or the state of beingfreed
therefrom.
DISIMBITTER,To free from bitterness.
DISIMPARK,To free from the barriers or restrictions of a park. [R.]Spectator.
DISIMPASSIONED,Free from warmth of passion or feeling.
DISIMPROVE,To make worse; -- the opposite of improve. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
DISIMPROVEMENT,Reduction from a better to a worse state; as, disimprovement ofthe
earth.
DISINCARCERATE,To liberate from prison. [R.] Harvey.
DISINCLINATION,The state of being disinclined; want of propensity, desire,
oraffection; slight aversion or dislike; indisposition.Disappointment gave him a
disinclination to the fair sex. Arbuthnot.Having a disinclination to books or
business. Guardian.
DISINCLINE,To incline away the affections of; to excite a slight aversionin; to
indispose; to make unwilling; to alienate.Careful . . . to disincline them from any
reverence or affection tothe Queen. Clarendon.To social scenes by nature
disinclined. Cowper.
DISINCLOSE,To free from being inclosed.
DISINCORPORATE,Separated from, or not included in, a corporation;disincorporated.
Bacon.
DISINCORPORATION,Deprivation of the rights and privileges of a corporation.
T.Warton.
DISINFECT,To free from infectious or contagious matter; to destroyputrefaction; to
purify; to make innocuous.When the infectious matter and the infectious matter and
theodoriferous matter are one . . . then to deodorize is to disinfect.Ure.
DISINFECTANT,That which disinfects; an agent for removing the causes ofinfection,
as chlorine.
DISINFECTION,The act of disinfecting; purification from infecting matter.
DISINFECTOR,One who, or that which, disinfects; an apparatus for
applyingdisinfectants.
DISINFLAME,To divest of flame or ardor. Chapman.
DISINGENUITY,Disingenuousness. [Obs.] Clarendon.
DISINHABITED,Uninhabited. [Obs.]
DISINHERISON,Same as Disherison. Bacon.
DISINHERITANCE,The act of disinheriting, or the condition of being;disinherited;
disherison.
DISINHUME,To disinter. [R.]
DISINSURE,To render insecure; to put in danger. [Obs.] Fanshawe.
DISINTEGRABLE,Capable of being disintegrated, or reduced to fragments
orpowder.Argillo-calcite is readily disintegrable by exposure. Kirwan.
DISINTEGRATE,To separate into integrant parts; to reduce to fragments or topowder;
to break up, or cause to fall to pieces, as a rock, by blowsof a hammer, frost,
rain, and other mechanical or atmosphericinfluences.Marlites are not disintegrated
by exposure to the atmosphere, atleast in six years. Kirwan.
DISINTEGRATOR,A machine for grinding or pulverizing by percussion.
DISINTERESS,To deprive or rid of interest in, or regard for; to disengage.[Obs.]
DISINTERESSMENT,Disinterestedness; impartiality; fairness. [Obs.] Prior.
DISINTEREST,Disinterested. [Obs.]The measures they shall walk by shall be
disinterest and even. Jer.Taylor.
DISINTERESTED,Not influenced by regard to personal interest or advantage;free from
selfish motive; having no relation of interest or feeling;not biased or prejudiced;
as, a disinterested decision or judge.The happiness of disinterested sacrifices.
Channing.
DISINTERESTEDLY,In a disinterested manner; without bias or prejudice.
DISINTERESTEDNESS,The state or quality of being disinterested; impartiality.That
perfect disinterestedness and self-devotion of which man seemsto be incapable, but
which is sometimes found in woman. Macaulay.
DISINTERESTING,Uninteresting. [Obs.] "Disinteresting passages." Bp. Warburton.
DISINTERMENT,The act of disinterring, or taking out of the earth;exhumation.
DISINTHRALL,To free from thralldom; to disenthrall. [Written alsodisinthral.]
DISINTHRALLMENT,A releasing from thralldom or slavery; disenthrallment.[Written
also disinthralment.]
DISINTRICATE,To disentangle. [R.] "To disintricate the question." Sir W.Hamilton.
DISINURE,To render unaccustomed or unfamiliar.We are hindered and disinured . . .
towards the true knowledge.Milton.
DISINVESTITURE,The act of depriving of investiture. [Obs.] Ogilvie.
DISINVIGORATE,To enervate; to weaken. [R.] Sydney Smith.
DISINVOLVE,To uncover; to unfold or unroll; to disentangle. [R.] Dr. H.More.
DISJECTION,Destruction; dispersion. Bp. Horsley.
DISJOIN,To part; to disunite; to separate; to sunder.That marriage, therefore, God
himself disjoins. Milton.Never let us lay down our arms against France, till we
have utterlydisjoined her from the Spanish monarchy. Addison.Windmill Street
consisted of disjoined houses. Pennant.
DISJOINT,Disjointed; unconnected; -- opposed to conjoint. Milton.
DISJOINTED,Separated at the joints; disconnected; incoherent.-- Dis*joint"ed*ly,
adv.-- Dis*joint"ed*ness, n.
DISJOINTLY,In a disjointed state. Sandys.
DISJUDICATION,Judgment; discrimination. See Dijudication. [Obs.] Boyle.
DISJUNCT,Having the head, thorax, and abdomen separated by a deepconstriction.
Disjunct tetrachords (Mus.), tetrachords so disposed toeach other that the gravest
note of the upper is one note higher thanthe acutest note of the other.
DISJUNCTIVE,Pertaining to disjunct tetrachords. "Disjunctive notes." Moore(Encyc.
of Music). Disjunctive conjunction (Gram.), one connectinggrammatically two words
or clauses, expressing at the same time anopposition or separation inherent in the
notions or thoughts; as,either, or, neither, nor, but, although, except, lest,
etc.-- Disjunctive proposition, one in which the parts are connected bydisjunctive
conjunctions; as it is either day or night.-- Disjunctive syllogism (Logic), one in
which the major propositionis disjunctive; as, the earth moves in a circle or an
ellipse; but indoes not move in a circle, therefore it moves in an ellipse.
DISJUNCTIVELY,In a disjunctive manner; separately. Dr. H. More.
DISJUNCTURE,The act of disjoining, or state of being disjoined; separation.Fuller.
DISK CLUTCH,A friction clutch in which the gripping surfaces are disks ormore or
less resemble disks.
DISK,The circular figure of a celestial body, as seen projected ofthe heavens.
DISKINDNESS,Unkindness; disservice. [R.] A. Tucker.
DISKLESS,Having no disk; appearing as a point and not expanded into adisk, as the
image of a faint star in a telescope.
DISLADE,To unlade. [Obs.] Heywood.
DISLEAL,Disloyal; perfidious. [Obs.] "Disleal knight." Spenser.
DISLEAVE,To deprive of leaves. [R.]The cankerworms that annually that disleaved the
elms. Lowell.
DISLIKEFUL,Full of dislike; disaffected; malign; disagreeable. [Obs.]Spenser.
DISLIKELIHOOD,The want of likelihood; improbability. Sir W. Scott.
DISLIKEN,To make unlike; to disguise. [Obs.] Shak.
DISLIKENESS,Unlikeness. [R.] Locke.
DISLIKER,One who dislikes or disrelishes.
DISLIMB,To tear limb from limb; to dismember. [Obs.] Bailey.
DISLIMN,To efface, as a picture. [Obs.] Shak.
DISLINK,To unlink; to disunite; to separate. [R.] Tennyson.
DISLIVE,To deprive of life. [Obs.]Telemachus dislived Amphimedon. Chapman.
DISLOCATE,To displace; to put out of its proper place. Especially, of abone: To
remove from its normal connections with a neighboring bone;to put out of joint; to
move from its socket; to disjoint; as, todislocate your bones. Shak.After some time
the strata on all sides of the globe were dislocated.Woodward.And thus the
archbishop's see, dislocated or out of joint for a time,was by the hands of his
holiness set right again. Fuller.
DISLOCATION,The displacement of parts of rocks or portions of strata fromthe
situation which they originally occupied. Slips, faults, and thelike, are
dislocations.
DISLODGE,To go from a place of rest. [R.]Where Light and Darkness in perpetual
round Lodge and dislodge byturns. Milton.
DISLODGMENT,The act or process of dislodging, or the state of beingdislodged.
DISLOIGN,To put at a distance; to remove. [Obs.]Low-looking dales, disloigned from
common gaze. Spenser.
DISLOYAL,Not loyal; not true to a sovereign or lawful superior, or tothe government
under which one lives; false where allegiance is due;faithless; as, a subject
disloyal to the king; a husband disloyal tohis wife.Without a thought disloyal.
Mrs. Browning.
DISLOYALLY,In a disloyal manner.
DISLOYALTY,Want of loyalty; lack of fidelity; violation of allegiance.
DISMAIL,To divest of coat of mail. Spenser.
DISMALLY,In a dismal manner; gloomily; sorrowfully; uncomfortably.
DISMALNESS,The quality of being dismal; gloominess.
DISMAN,To unman. [Obs.] Feltham.
DISMARCH,To march away. [Obs.]
DISMARRY,To free from the bonds of marriage; to divorce. [Obs.] Ld.Berners.
DISMARSHAL,To disarrange; to derange; to put in disorder. [R.] Drummond.
DISMASK,To divest of a mask. Shak.
DISMAST,To deprive of a mast of masts; to break and carry away themasts from; as, a
storm dismasted the ship.
DISMASTMENT,The act of dismasting; the state of being dismasted. [R.]Marshall.
DISMAW,To eject from the maw; to disgorge. [R.] Shelton.
DISMAY,To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay. [Obs.]Shak.
DISMAYEDNESS,A state of being dismayed; dejection of courage;dispiritedness.
DISMAYFUL,Terrifying. Spenser.
DISME,A tenth; a tenth part; a tithe. Ayliffe.
DISMEMBERMENT,The act of dismembering, or the state of being dismembered;cutting in
piece; mThe Castilians would doubtless have resented the dismemberment of
theunwieldy body of which they formed the head. Macaulay.
DISMETTLED,Destitute of mettle, that is, or fire or spirit. [R.]Llewellyn.
DISMISS,Dismission. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
DISMISSAL,Dismission; discharge.Officeholders were commanded faithfully to enforce
it, upon pain ofimmediate dismissal. Motley.
DISMISSIVE,Giving dismission.
DISMORTGAGE,To redeem from mortgage. [Obs.] Howell.
DISMOUNT,To take down, or apart, as a machine.
DISNATURALIZE,To make alien; to deprive of the privileges of birth. Locke.
DISNATURED,Deprived or destitute of natural feelings; unnatural. [Obs.]Shak.
DISOBEDIENCE,Neglect or refusal to obey; violation of a command orprohibition.He is
undutiful to him other actions, and lives in open disobedience.Tillotson.
DISOBEDIENCY,Disobedience.
DISOBEDIENTLY,In a disobedient manner.
DISOBEISANCE,Disobedience. [Obs.] E. Hall.
DISOBEISANT,Disobedient. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISOBEY,Not to obey; to neglect or refuse to obey (a superior or hiscommands, the
laws, etc.); to transgress the commands of (one inauthority); to violate, as an
order; as, refractory children disobeytheir parents; men disobey their Maker and
the laws.Not to disobey her lord's behest. Tennyson.
DISOBEYER,One who disobeys.
DISOBLIGATORY,Releasing from obligation. "Disobligatory power." Charles I.
DISOBLIGEMENT,Release from obligation. [Obs.]
DISOBLIGER,One who disobliges.
DISOCCIDENT,To turn away from the west; to throw out of reckoning as tolongitude.
[Obs.] Marvell.
DISOCCUPATION,The state of being unemployed; want of occupation. [R.]
DISOPINION,Want or difference of belief; disbelief. [Obs.] Bp. Reynolds.
DISOPPILATE,To open. [Obs.] Holland.
DISORB,To throw out of the proper orbit; to unsphere. Shak.
DISORD,Disorder. [Obs.] Holland.
DISORDEINED,Inordinate; irregular; vicious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISORDERLINESS,The state of being disorderly.
DISORDERLY,Offensive to good morals and public decency; notoriouslyoffensive; as, a
disorderly house.
DISORDINANCE,Disarrangement; disturbance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISORDINATE,Inordinate; disorderly. [Obs.] "With disordinate gestures."Prynne.
DISORDINATELY,Inordinately. [Obs.] E. Hall.
DISORDINATION,The state of being in disorder; derangement; confusion. [Obs.]Bacon.
DISORGANIZE,To destroy the organic structure or regular system of (agovernment, a
society, a party, etc.); to break up (what isorganized); to throw into utter
disorder; to disarrange.Lyford . . . attempted to disorganize the church. Eliot
(1809).
DISORGANIZER,One who disorganizes or causes disorder and confusion.
DISORIENT,To turn away from the cast; to confuse as to which way is east;to cause
to lose one's bearings. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
DISORIENTATE,To turn away from the east, or (figuratively) from the right orthe
truth. [R.]
DISOWNMENT,Act of disowning. [R.]
DISOXIDATE,To deoxidate; to deoxidize. [R.]
DISOXIDATION,Deoxidation. [R.]
DISOXYGENATE,To deprive of oxygen; to deoxidize. [R.]
DISOXYGENATION,Deoxidation. [R.]
DISPACE,To roam. [Obs.]In this fair plot dispacing to and fro. Spenser.
DISPAIR,To separate (a pair). [R.]I have . . . dispaired two doves. Beau. & Fl.
DISPAND,To spread out; to expand. [Obs.] Bailey.
DISPANSION,Act of dispanding, or state of being dispanded. [Obs.]
DISPARADISED,Removed from paradise. [R.] Cockeram.
DISPARAGE,Inequality in marriage; marriage with an inferior.
[Obs.]Chaucer.Dissuaded her from such a disparage. Spenser.
DISPARAGER,One who disparages or dishonors; one who vilifies or disgraces.
DISPARAGINGLY,In a manner to disparage or dishonor; slightingly.
DISPARATE,Pertaining to two coördinate species or divisions.
DISPARATES,Things so unequal or unlike that they can not be compared witheach
other.
DISPARITION,Act of disappearing; disappearance. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DISPARITY,Inequality; difference in age, rank, condition, or
excellence;dissimilitude; -- followed by between, in, of, as to, etc.; as,disparity
in, or of, years; a disparity as to color.The disparity between God and his
intelligent creatures. I. Taylor.The disparity of numbers was not such as ought to
cause anyuneasiness. Macaulay.
DISPARKLE,To scatter abroad. [Obs.] Holland.
DISPART,To part asunder; to divide; to separate; to sever; to rend; torive or
split; as, disparted air; disparted towers. [Archaic]Them in twelve troops their
captain did dispart. Spenser.The world will be whole, and refuses to be disparted.
Emerson.
DISPASSION,Freedom from passion; an undisturbed state; apathy. Sir W.Temple.
DISPASSIONED,Free from passion; dispassionate. [R.] "Dispassioned men."Donne.
DISPATCH,To make haste; to conclude an affair; to finish a matter ofbusiness.They
have dispatched with Pompey. Shak.
DISPATCHER,One who dispatches.
DISPATCHFUL,Bent on haste; intent on speedy execution of business or anytask;
indicating haste; quick; as, dispatchful looks. Milton.
DISPATCHMENT,The act of dispatching. [Obs.] State Trials (1529).
DISPATHY,Lack of sympathy; want of passion; apathy. [R.]Many discrepancies and some
dispathies between us. Southey.
DISPAUPER,To deprive of the claim of a pauper to public support; todeprive of the
privilege of suing in forma pauperis.
DISPAUPERIZE,To free a state of pauperism, or from paupers. J. S. Mill.
DISPEED,To send off with speed; to dispatch. [Obs.] Knolles.Then they dispeeded
themselves of the Cid and of their mother-in-law,DoSouthey.
DISPEL,To drive away by scattering, or so to cause to vanish; to clearaway; to
banish; to dissipate; as, to dispel a cloud, vapors, cares,doubts, illusions.
[Satan] gently raised their fainting courage, and dispelled theirfears. Milton.I
saw myself the lambent easy light Gild the brown horror, and dispelthe night.
Dryden.
DISPENCE,See Dispense. [Obs.]
DISPEND,To spend; to lay out; to expend. [Obs.] Spenser.Able to dispend yearly
twenty pounds and above. Fuller.
DISPENDER,One who dispends or expends; a steward. [Obs.] Wyclif (1 Cor.iv. 1).
DISPENSABLENESS,Quality of being dispensable.
DISPENSATION,a system of principles, promises, and rules ordained andadministered;
scheme; economy; as, the Patriarchal, Mosaic, andChristian dispensations.Neither
are God's methods or intentions different in hisdispensations to each private man.
Rogers.
DISPENSATIVE,Granting dispensation.
DISPENSATIVELY,By dispensation. Wotton.
DISPENSATOR,A distributer; a dispenser. Bacon.
DISPENSATORILY,In the way of dispensation; dispensatively.
DISPENSATORY,Granting, or authorized to grant, dispensations. "Dispensatorypower."
Bp. Rainbow.
DISPENSE,Dispensation; exemption. [Obs.]
DISPENSER,One who, or that which, dispenses; a distributer; as, adispenser of
favors.
DISPEOPLE,To deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate.Leave the land dispeopled and
desolate. Sir T. More.A certain island long before dispeopled . . . by sea rivers.
Milton.
DISPEOPLER,One who, or that which, dispeoples; a depopulator. Gay.
DISPERGE,To sprinkle. [Obs.]
DISPERMOUS,Containing only two seeds; two-seeded.
DISPERPLE,To scatter; to sprinkle. [Obs.]Odorous water was Disperpled lightly on my
head and neck. Chapman.
DISPERSAL,The act or result of dispersing or scattering; dispersion.Darwin.
DISPERSED,Scattered.-- Dis*pers"ed*ly, adv.-- Dis*pers"ed*ness, n. Dispersed
harmony (Mus.), harmony in whichthe tones composing the chord are widely separated,
as by an octaveor more.
DISPERSENESS,Dispersedness. [Obs.]
DISPERSER,One that disperses.
DISPERSION,The separation of light into its different colored rays,arising from
their different refrangibilities. Dispersion of theoptic axes (Crystallog.), the
separation of the optic axes in biaxialcrystals, due to the fact that the axial
angle has different valuesfor the different colors of the spectrum.
DISPERSIVE,Tending to disperse. Dispersive power (Opt.), the relativeeffect of a
material in separating the different rays of light byrefraction, as when the
substance is formed into a prism.-- Dis*pers"ive*ness, n.
DISPERSONATE,To deprive of personality or individuality. [R.]We multiply; we
dispersonate ourselves. Hare.
DISPIRITED,Depressed in spirits; disheartened; daunted.-- Dis*pir"it*ed*ly, adv.--
Dis*pir"it*ed, n.
DISPIRITMENT,Depression of spirits; discouragement. [R.]Procter, in evident
distress and dispiritment, was waiting the slowconclusion of this. Carlyle.
DISPITEOUS,Full of despite; cruel; spiteful; pitiless. Spenser.-- Dis*pit"e*ous*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
DISPLACEABLE,Capable of being displaced.
DISPLACEMENT,The process of extracting soluble substances from organicmaterial and
the like, whereby a quantity of saturated solvent isdisplaced, or removed, for
another quantity of the solvent. Pistondisplacement (Mech.), the volume of the
space swept through, orweight of steam, water, etc., displaced, in a given time, by
thepiston of a steam engine or pump.
DISPLACENCY,Want of complacency or gratification; envious displeasure;dislike.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DISPLACER,The funnel part of the apparatus for solution by displacement.
DISPLANTATION,The act of displanting; removal; displacement. Sir W. Raleigh.
DISPLAT,To untwist; to uncurl; to unplat. [Obs.] Hakewill.
DISPLAY,To extend the front of (a column), bringing it into line.Farrow.
DISPLAYED,With wings expanded; -- said of a bird of pray, esp. an eagle.
DISPLAYER,One who, or that which, displays.
DISPLE,To discipline; to correct. [Obs.]And bitter Penance, with an iron whip, Was
wont him once to displeevery day. Spenser.
DISPLEASANCE,Displeasure; discontent; annoyance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISPLEASANT,Unpleasing; offensive; unpleasant. [Obs.] Speed.-- Dis*pleas"ant*ly,
adv. [Obs.] Strype.-- Dis*pleas"ant*ness, n. [Obs.]
DISPLEASE,To give displeasure or offense. [Obs.]
DISPLEASEDLY,With displeasure. [R.]
DISPLEASEDNESS,Displeasure. [R.] South.
DISPLEASER,One who displeases.
DISPLEASING,Causing displeasure or dissatisfaction; offensive;disagreeable.--
Dis*pleas"ing*ly, adv.-- Dis*pleas"ing*ness, n. Locke.
DISPLEASURE,To displease. [Obs.] Bacon.
DISPLENISH,To deprive or strip, as a house of furniture, or a barn ofstock. [Scot.]
DISPLODE,To discharge; to explode.In posture to displode their second tire Of
thunder. Milton.
DISPLOSION,Explosion.The vast displosion dissipates the clouds. Young.
DISPLOSIVE,Explosive.
DISPLUME,To strip of, or as of, a plume, or plumes; to deprive ofdecoration; to
dishonor; to degrade.Displumed, degraded, and metamorphosed. Burke.
DISPOLINE,One of several isomeric organic bases of the quinoline seriesof
alkaloids.
DISPOND,See Despond.
DISPONDEE,A double spondee; a foot consisting of four long syllables.
DISPONE,To dispose.
DISPONEE,The person to whom any property is legally conveyed.
DISPONER,One who legally transfers property from himself to another.
DISPONGE,To sprinkle, as with water from a sponge. [Poetic & Rare][Written also
dispunge.]O sovereign mistress of true melancholy, The poisonous damp of
nightdisponge upon me. Shak.
DISPOPE,To refuse to consider as pope; to depose from the popedom.One whom they
disposed. Tennyson.
DISPOROUS,Having two spores.
DISPORT,Play; sport; pastime; diversion; playfulness. Milton.
DISPORTMENT,Act of disporting; diversion; play. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DISPOSABLE,Subject to disposal; free to be used or employed as occasionmay require;
not assigned to any service or use.The great of this kingdom . . . has easily
afforded a disposablesurplus. Burke.
DISPOSE,To bargain; to make terms. [Obs.]She had disposed with Cæsar. Shak.
DISPOSEDNESS,The state of being disposed or inclined; inclination;propensity. [R.]
DISPOSEMENT,Disposal. [Obs.] Goodwin.
DISPOSER,One who, or that which, disposes; a regulator; a director;
abestower.Absolute lord and disposer of all things. Barrow.
DISPOSINGLY,In a manner to dispose.
DISPOSITED,Disposed. [Obs.] Glanvill.
DISPOSITIONAL,Pertaining to disposition.
DISPOSITIONED,Having (such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as, well-
dispositioned.
DISPOSITIVELY,In a dispositive manner; by natural or moral disposition.[Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.Do dispositively what Moses is recorded to have done literally, . .
.break all the ten commandments at once. Boyle.
DISPOSITOR,The planet which is lord of the sign where another planet is.[Obs.]
Crabb.
DISPOSSESS,To put out of possession; to deprive of the actual occupancyof,
particularly of land or real estate; to disseize; to eject; --usually followed by
of before the thing taken away; as, to dispossessa king of his crown.Usurp the
land, and dispossess the swain. Goldsmith.
DISPOSSESSION,The putting out of possession, wrongfully or otherwise, of onewho is
in possession of a freehold, no matter in what title; --called also ouster.
DISPOSSESSOR,One who dispossesses. Cowley.
DISPOST,To eject from a post; to displace. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).
DISPRAISABLE,Blamable. [R.]
DISPRAISE,To withdraw praise from; to notice with disapprobation or somedegree of
censure; to disparage; to blame.Dispraising the power of his adversaries. Chaucer.I
dispraised him before the wicked, that the wicked might not fall inlove with him.
Shak.
DISPRAISER,One who blames or dispraises.
DISPRAISINGLY,By way of dispraise.
DISPREAD,To spread abroad, or different ways; to spread apart; to open;as, the sun
dispreads his beams. Spenser.
DISPREADER,One who spreads abroad.Dispreaders both of vice and error. Milton.
DISPREJUDICE,To free from prejudice. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
DISPREPARE,To render unprepared. [Obs.] Hobbes.
DISPRINCE,To make unlike a prince. [R.]For I was drench'd with ooze, and torn with
briers, . . . And, allone rag, disprinced from head to heel. Tennyson.
DISPRISON,To let loose from prison, to set all liberty. [R.] Bulwer.
DISPRIVILEGE,To deprive of a privilege or privileges. [R.]
DISPRIZE,To do preciate. [R.] Cotton (Ode to Lydia).
DISPROFESS,To renounce the profession or pursuit of.His arms, which he had vowed to
disprofess. Spenser.
DISPROFIT,Loss; damage. Foxe.
DISPROFITABLE,Unprofitable. [Obs.]
DISPROOF,A proving to be false or erroneous; confutation; refutation;as, to offer
evidence in disproof of a statement.I need not offer anything farther in support of
one, or in disproofof the other. Rogers.
DISPROPERTY,To cause to be no longer property; to dispossess of. [R.] Shak.
DISPROPORTION,To make unsuitable in quantity, form, or fitness to an end; toviolate
symmetry in; to mismatch; to join unfitly.To shape my legs of an unequal size; To
disproportion me in everypart. Shak.A degree of strength altogether disproportioned
to the extent of itsterritory. Prescott.
DISPROPORTIONABLE,Disproportional; unsuitable in form, size, quantity,
oradaptation; disproportionate; inadequate.-- Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness, n.
Hammond.-- Dis`pro*por"tion*a*bly, adv.
DISPROPORTIONAL,Not having due proportion to something else; not havingproportion
or symmetry of parts; unsuitable in form, quantity orvalue; inadequate; unequal;
as, a disproportional limb constitutesdeformity in the body; the studies of youth
should not bedisproportional to their understanding.
DISPROPORTIONALITY,The state of being disproportional. Dr. H. More.
DISPROPORTIONALLY,In a disproportional manner; unsuitably in form, quantity,
orvalue; unequally.
DISPROPORTIONATE,Not proportioned; unsymmetrical; unsuitable to something elsein
bulk, form, value, or extent; out of proportion; inadequate; as,in a perfect body
none of the limbs are disproportionate; it iswisdom not to undertake a work
disproportionate means.-- Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ly, adv.--
Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ness, n.
DISPROPRIATE,To cancel the appropriation of; to disappropriate. [R.]
DISPROVABLE,Capable of being disproved or refuted. Boyle.
DISPROVAL,Act of disproving; disproof. [R.]
DISPROVER,One who disproves or confutes.
DISPROVIDE,Not to provide; to fail to provide. [Obs.] Boyle.
DISPUNCT,Wanting in punctilious respect; discourteous. [Obs.]That were dispunct to
the ladies. B. Jonson.
DISPUNGE,To expunge; to erase. [Obs.]
DISPUNISHABLE,Without penal restraint; not punishable. [R.] Swift.
DISPURPOSE,To dissuade; to frustrate; as, to dispurpose plots. [R.] A.Brewer.
DISPURSE,To disburse. [Obs.] Shak.
DISPURVEY,To disfurnish; to strip. [Obs.] Heywood.
DISPURVEYANCE,Want of provisions; [Obs.] Spenser.
DISPUTABLENESS,State of being disputable.
DISPUTACITY,Proneness to dispute. [Obs.] Bp. Ward.
DISPUTANT,Disputing; engaged in controversy. Milton.
DISPUTATIOUS,Inclined to dispute; apt to civil or controvert; characterizedby
dispute; as, a disputatious person or temper.The Christian doctrine of a future
life was no recommendation of thenew religion to the wits and philosophers of that
disputationsperiod. Buckminster.-- Dis`pu*ta"tious*ly, adv.-- Dis`pu*ta"tious*ness,
n.
DISPUTATIVE,Disposed to dispute; inclined to cavil or to reason inopposition; as, a
disputative temper. I. Watts.
DISPUTE,To contend in argument; to argue against something maintained,upheld, or
claimed, by another; to discuss; to reason; to debate; toaltercate; to
wrangle.Therefore disputed [reasoned, Rev. Ver.] he in synagogue with the Jews.
Acts xvii. 17.
DISPUTELESS,Admitting no dispute; incontrovertible. Bailey.
DISPUTER,One who disputes, or who is given to disputes; a controvertist.Where is
the disputer of this world 1 Cor. i. 20.
DISPUTISON,Dispute; discussion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISQUANTITY,To diminish the quantity of; to lessen. [Obs.] Shak.
DISQUIET,Deprived of quiet; impatient; restless; uneasy. [R.] Shak.
DISQUIETAL,The act of disquieting; a state of disquiet. [Obs.][It] roars and
strives 'gainst its disquietal. Dr. H. More.
DISQUIETER,One who, or that which, disquiets, or makes uneasy; adisturber.
DISQUIETFUL,Producing inquietude or uneasiness. [R.] Barrow.
DISQUIETIVE,Tending to disquiet. [R.]
DISQUIETLY,In a disquiet manner; uneasily; as, he rested disquietly thatnight. [R.]
Wiseman.
DISQUIETMENT,State of being disquieted; uneasiness; harassment. [R.]Hopkins.
DISQUIETNESS,Disturbance of quiet in body or mind; restlessness; uneasiness.Hooker.
DISQUIETOUS,Causing uneasiness. [R.]So distasteful and disquietous to a number of
men. Milton.
DISQUIETTUDE,Want of peace or tranquility; uneasiness; disturbance;agitation;
anxiety.Fears and disquietude, and unavoidable anxieties of mind. Abp. Sharp.
DISQUISITION,A formal or systematic inquiry into, or discussion of, anysubject; a
full examination or investigation of a matter, with thearguments and facts bearing
upon it; elaborate essay; dissertation.For accurate research or grave disquisition
he was not wellqualified. Macaulay.
DISQUISITIONAL,Pertaining to disquisition; of the nature of disquisition.
DISQUISITIONARY,Pertaining to disquisition; disquisitional.
DISQUISITIVE,Relating to disquisition; fond discussion or investigation;examining;
inquisitive.
DISQUISITORIAL,Disquisitory.
DISQUISITORY,Of or pertaining to disquisition; disquisitive. Ed. Rev.
DISRANGE,To disarrange. [Obs.] Wood.
DISRATE,To reduce to a lower rating or rank; to degrade. Marryat.
DISRAY,of Disarray. [Obs.] Holland.
DISREALIZE,To divest of reality; to make uncertain. [Obs.] Udall.
DISREGARD,Not to regard; to pay no heed to; to omit to take notice of; toneglect to
observe; to slight as unworthy of regard or notice; as, todisregard the admonitions
of conscience.Studious of good, man disregarded fame. Blackmore.
DISREGARDER,One who disregards.
DISREGARDFUL,Neglect; negligent; heedless; regardless.
DISREGARDFULLY,Negligently; heedlessly.
DISREMEMBER,To fail to remember; to forget. [Obs. or Archaic]
DISREPAIR,A state of being in bad condition, and wanting repair.The fortifications
were ancient and in disrepair. Sir W. Scott.
DISREPUTABILITY,The state of being disreputable. [R.]
DISREPUTABLE,Not reputable; of bad repute; not in esteem; dishonorable;disgracing
the reputation; tending to bring into disesteem; as, it isdisreputable to associate
familiarly with the mean, the lewd, and theprofane.Why should you think that
conduct disreputable in priests which youprobably consider as laudable in yourself
Bp. Watson.
DISREPUTABLY,In a disreputable manner.
DISREPUTATION,Loss or want of reputation or good name; dishonor;
disrepute;disesteem. "A disreputation of piety." Jer. Taylor.
DISREPUTE,Loss or want of reputation; ill character; disesteem;discredit.At the
beginning of the eighteenth century astrology fell intogeneral disrepute. Sir W.
Scott.
DISRESPECT,Want of respect or reverence; disesteem;
incivility;discourtesy.Impatience of bearing the least affront or disrespect. Pope.
DISRESPECTABILITY,Want of respectability. Thackeray.
DISRESPECTABLE,Not respectable; disreputable. M. Arnold.
DISRESPECTER,One who disrespects.
DISRESPECTFUL,Wanting in respect; manifesting disesteem or lack of respect;uncivil;
as, disrespectful behavior.-- Dis`re*spect"ful*ly, adv.-- Dis`re*spect"ful*ness, n.
DISRESPECTIVE,Showing want of respect; disrespectful. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DISREVERENCE,To treat irreverently or with disrespect. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
DISROBE,To divest of a robe; to undress; figuratively, to strip ofcovering; to
divest of that which clothes or decorates; as, autumndisrobes the fields of
verdure.Two great peers were disrobed of their glory. Sir H. Wotton.
DISROBER,One who, or that which, disrobes.
DISROOF,To unroof. [R.] Carlyle.
DISROOT,To tear up the roots of, or by the roots; hence, to tear from afoundation;
to uproot.A piece of ground disrooted from its situation by
subterraneousinundations. Goldsmith.
DISROUT,To put to rout. Taylor (1630).
DISRUDDER,To deprive of the rudder, as a ship.
DISRULILY,In a disorderly manner. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DISRULY,Unruly; disorderly. [Obs.]
DISRUPT,Rent off; torn asunder; severed; disrupted.
DISRUPTION,The act or rending asunder, or the state of being rent asunderor broken
in pieces; breach; rent; dilaceration; rupture; as, thedisruption of rocks in an
earthquake; disruption of a state.
DISRUPTIVE,Causing, or tending to cause, disruption; caused by disruption;breaking
through; bursting; as, the disruptive discharge of anelectrical battery. Nichol.
DISRUPTURE,Disruption. [R.] Jefferson.
DISSATISFACTION,The state of being dissatisfied, unsatisfied, or
discontented;uneasiness proceeding from the want of gratification, or
fromdisappointed wishes and expectations.The ambitious man has little happiness,
but is subject to muchuneasiness and dissatisfaction. Addison.
DISSATISFACTORY,Causing dissatisfaction; unable to give content;unsatisfactory;
displeasing.To have reduced the different qualifications in the different Statesto
one uniform rule, would probably have been as dissatisfactory tosome of the States,
as difficult for the Convention. A. Hamilton.-- Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness, n.
DISSATISFY,To render unsatisfied or discontented; to excite uneasiness inby
frustrating wishes or expectations; to displease by the want ofsomething requisite;
as, to be dissatisfied with one's fortune.The dissatisfied factions of the
autocracy. Bancroft.
DISSEAT,To unseat. [R.] Shak.
DISSECT,To divide into separate parts; to cut in pieces; to separateand expose the
parts of, as an animal or a plant, for examination andto show their structure and
relations; to anatomize.
DISSECTED,Cut deeply into many lobes or divisions; as, a dissected leaf.
DISSECTIBLE,Capable of being dissected, or separated by dissection. Paley.
DISSECTOR,One who dissects; an anatomist.
DISSEIZE,To deprive of seizin or possession; to dispossess or oustwrongfully (one
in freehold possession of land); -- followed by of;as, to disseize a tenant of his
freehold. [Written also disseise.]Which savage beasts strive as eagerly to keep and
hold those goldenmines, as the Arimaspians to disseize them thereof. Holland.
DISSEIZEE,A person disseized, or put out of possession of an estateunlawfully; --
correlative to disseizor. [Written also disseisee.]
DISSEIZIN,The act of disseizing; an unlawful dispossessing and ouster ofa person
actually seized of the freehold. [Written also disseisin.]Blackstone.
DISSEIZOR,One who wrongfully disseizes, or puts another out of possessionof a
freehold. [Written also disseisor.] Blackstone.
DISSEIZORESS,A woman disseizes.
DISSEIZURE,Disseizin. Speed.
DISSEMBLANCE,Want of resemblance; dissimilitude. [R.] Osborne.
DISSEMBLE,To conceal the real fact, motives,He that hateth dissembleth with his
lips. Prov. xxvi. 24.He [an enemy] dissembles when he assumes an air of friendship.
C. J.Smith.
DISSEMBLER,One who dissembles; one who conceals his opinions ordispositions under a
false appearance; a hypocrite.It is the weakest sort of politicians that are the
greatestdissemblers. Bacon.Priests, princes, women, no dissemblers here. Pope.
DISSEMBLING,That dissembles; hypocritical; false.-- Dis*sem"bling*ly, adv.
DISSEMINATED,Occurring in small portions scattered through some othersubstance.
DISSEMINATION,The act of disseminating, or the state of being
disseminated;diffusion for propagation and permanence; a scattering or
spreadingabroad, as of ideas, beliefs, etc.The universal dissemination of those
writings. Wayland.
DISSEMINATIVE,Tending to disseminate, or to become disseminated.The effect of
heresy is, like the plague, infectious anddisseminative. Jer. Taylor.
DISSEMINATOR,One who, or that which, disseminates, spreads, or propagates;as,
disseminators of disease.
DISSENSION,Disagreement in opinion, usually of a violent character,producing warm
debates or angry words; contention in words; partisanand contentious divisions;
breach of friendship and union; strife;discord; quarrel.Paul and Barnabas had no
small dissension and disputation with them.Acts xv. 2.Debates, dissension, uproars
are thy joy. Dryden.A seditious person and raiser-up of dissension among the
people.Robynson (More's Utopia).
DISSENSIOUS,Disposed to discord; contentious; dissentious. [R.] Ascham.--
Dis*sen"sious*ly, adv. Chapman.
DISSENT,To differ from an established church in regard to doctrines,rites, or
government.
DISSENTANEOUS,Disagreeing; contrary; differing; -- opposed to consentaneous.[R.]
Barrow.
DISSENTANY,Dissentaneous; inconsistent. [Obs.] Milton.
DISSENTATION,Dissension. [Obs.] W. Browne.
DISSENTER,One who separates from the service and worship of anestablished church;
especially, one who disputes the authority ortenets of the Church of England; a
nonconformist.Dissenters from the establishment of their several countries.
Burke.Robert Brown is said to have the first formal dissenter. Shipley.
DISSENTERISM,The spirit or principles of dissenters. Ed. Rev.
DISSENTIATE,To throw into a state of dissent. [R.] Feltham.
DISSENTIENT,Disagreeing; declaring dissent; dissenting.-- n.
DISSENTIOUS,Marked by dissensions; apt to breed discord; quarrelsome;contentious;
factious.-- Dis*sen"tious*ly, adv.
DISSENTIVE,Disagreeing; inconsistent. [Obs.] Feltham.
DISSEPIMENT,One of the partitions which divide a compound ovary into cells.
DISSERT,To discourse or dispute; to discuss. [R.]We have disserted upon it a little
longer than was necessary.Jeffrey.
DISSERTATE,To deal in dissertation; to write dissertations; to discourse.[R.] J.
Foster.
DISSERTATION,A formal or elaborate argumentative discourse, oral or written;a
disquisition; an essay; a discussion; as, Dissertations on theProphecies.
DISSERTATIONAL,Relating to dissertations; resembling a dissertation.
DISSERTATIONIST,A writer of dissertations.
DISSERTATOR,One who writers a dissertation; one who discourses. Boyle.
DISSERTLY,See Disertly. [Obs.]
DISSERVE,To fail to serve; to do injury or mischief to; to damage; tohurt; to
harm.Have neither served nor disserved the interests of any party. Jer.Taylor.
DISSERVICE,Injury; mischief.We shall rather perform good offices unto truth than
any disserviceunto their relators. Sir T. Browne.
DISSERVICEABLE,Calculated to do disservice or harm; not serviceable;injurious;
harmful; unserviceable. Shaftesbury.-- Dis*serv"ice*a*ble*ness, n. Norris.--
Dis*serv"ice*a*bly, adv.
DISSETTLE,To unsettle. [Obs.]
DISSETTLEMENT,The act of unsettling, or the state of being unsettled.Marvell.
DISSEVER,To part in two; to sever thoroughly; to sunder; to disunite; toseparate;
to disperse.The storm so dissevered the company . . . that most of therm nevermet
again. Sir P. Sidney.States disserved, discordant, belligerent. D. Webster.
DISSEVERANCE,The act of disserving; separation.
DISSEVERATION,The act of disserving; disseverance. [Obs.]
DISSEVERMENT,Disseverance. Sir W. Scott.
DISSHADOW,To free from shadow or shade. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
DISSHEATHE,To become unsheathed. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
DISSHIP,To dismiss from service on board ship. [Obs.] Hakluyt.
DISSHIVER,To shiver or break in pieces. [Obs.]
DISSIDENCE,Disagreement; dissent; separation from the establishedreligion. I.
Taylor.It is the dissidence of dissent. Burke.
DISSIDENT,No agreeing; dissenting; discordant; different.Our life and manners be
dissident from theirs. Robynson (More'sUtopia).
DISSIDENTLY,In a dissident manner.
DISSILIENT,Starting asunder; bursting and opening with an elastic force;dehiscing
explosively; as, a dissilient pericarp.
DISSILITION,The act of bursting or springing apart. [R.] Boyle.
DISSIMILAR,Not similar; unlike; heterogeneous; as, the tempers of men areas
dissimilar as their features.This part very dissimilar to any other. Boyle.
DISSIMILARITY,Want of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilitude; variety; as,the
dissimilarity of human faces and forms. Sir W. Jones.
DISSIMILARLY,In a dissimilar manner; in a varied style.With verdant shrubs
dissimilarly gay. C. Smart.
DISSIMILATE,To render dissimilar.
DISSIMILATION,The act of making dissimilar. H. Sweet.
DISSIMILE,Comparison or illustration by contraries.
DISSIMILITUDE,A comparison by contrast; a dissimile.
DISSIMULATE,Feigning; simulating; pretending. [Obs.] Henryson.
DISSIMULATION,The act of dissembling; a hiding under a false appearance;concealment
by feigning; false pretension; hypocrisy.Let love be without dissimulation. Rom.
xii. 9.Dissimulation . . . when a man lets fall signs and arguments that heis not
that he is. Bacon.Simulation is a pretense of what is not, and dissimulation
aconcealment of what is. Tatler.
DISSIMULATOR,One who dissimulates; a dissembler.
DISSIMULE,To dissemble. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISSIMULER,A dissembler. [Obs.]
DISSIMULOUR,A dissembler. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DISSIPABLE,Capable of being scattered or dissipated. [R.]The heat of those plants
is very dissipable. Bacon.
DISSIPATIVE,Tending to dissipate. Dissipative system (Mech.), an assumedsystem of
matter and motions in which forces of friction andresistances of other kinds are
introduced without regard to the heator other molecular actions which they
generate; -- opposed toconservative system.
DISSIPATIVITY,The rate at which palpable energy is dissipated away into otherforms
of energy.
DISSITE,Lying apart. [Obs.]Lands far dissite and remote asunder. Holland.
DISSLANDER,To slander. [Obs.] Legend of Dido.
DISSLANDEROUS,Slanderous. [Obs.]
DISSOCIABILITY,Want of sociability; unsociableness. Bp. Warburton.
DISSOCIAL,Unfriendly to society; contracted; selfish; as, dissocialfeelings.
DISSOCIALIZE,To render unsocial.
DISSOCIATE,To separate from fellowship or union; to disunite; to disjoin;as, to
dissociate the particles of a concrete substance.Before Wyclif's death in 1384,
John of Gaunt had openly dissociatedhimself from the reformer. A. W. Ward.
DISSOCIATION,The process by which a compound body breaks up into
simplerconstituents; -- said particularly of the action of heat on gaseousor
volatile substances; as, the dissociation of the sulphurmolecules; the dissociation
of ammonium chloride into hydrochloricacid and ammonia.
DISSOCIATIVE,Tending or leading to dissociation.
DISSOLUBILITY,The quality of being dissoluble; capacity of being
dissoluble;capacity of being dissolved by heat or moisture, and converted into
afluid.
DISSOLUBLENESS,The quality of being dissoluble; dissolubility. Boyle.
DISSOLUTELY,In a dissolute manner.
DISSOLUTENESS,State or quality of being dissolute; looseness of morals andmanners;
addictedness to sinful pleasures; debauchery; dissipation.Chivalry had the vices of
dissoluteness. Bancroft.
DISSOLVABILITY,Capacity of being dissolved; solubility. Richardson.
DISSOLVABLE,Capable of being dissolved, or separated into component parts;capable
of being liquefied; soluble.-- Dis*solv"a*ble*ness, n.Though everything which is
compacted be in its own naturedissolvable. Cudworth.Such things as are not
dissolvable by the moisture of the tongue. SirI. Newton.
DISSOLVATIVE,Having the power to dissolve anything; solvent. [Obs.]Frampton.
DISSOLVE,To annul; to rescind; to discharge or release; as, to dissolvean
injunction.
DISSOLVENT,Having power to dissolve power to dissolve a solid body; as,the
dissolvent juices of the stomach. Ray.
DISSOLVER,One who, or that which, has power to dissolve or dissipate.Thou kind
dissolver of encroaching care. Otway.
DISSOLVING,Melting; breaking up; vanishing.-- Dis*solv"ing*ly, adv. Dissolving
view, a picture which grows dimand is gradually replaced by another on the same
field; -- an effectproduced by magic lanterns.
DISSONANCY,Discord; dissonance.
DISSPIRIT,See Dispirit.
DISSUADER,One who dissuades; a dehorter.
DISSUASIVE,Tending to dissuade or divert from a measure or purpose;dehortatory; as,
dissuasive advice.-- n.
DISSUASORY,A dissuasive. [R.]This virtuous and reasonable person, however, has ill
luck in all hisdissuasories. Jeffrey.
DISSUNDER,To separate; to sunder; to destroy. [R.] Chapman.
DISSWEETEN,To deprive of sweetness. [R.] Bp. Richardson.
DISSYLLABIC,Consisting of two syllabas, a dissyllabic foot in poetry. B.Jons
DISSYLLABIFICATION,A formi
DISSYLLABIFY,To form into two syllables. Ogilvie.
DISSYLLABIZE,To form into two syllables; to dyssyllabify.
DISSYLLABLE,A word of two syllables; as, pa-per.
DISSYMMETRICAL,Not having symmetry; asymmetrical; unsymmetrical.
DISSYMMETRY,Absence or defect of symmetry; asymmetry.
DISSYMPATHY,Lack of sympathy; want of interest; indifference. [R.]
DISTAD,Toward a distal part; on the distal side of; distally.
DISTAIN,To tinge with a different color from the natural or proper one;to stain; to
discolor; to sully; to tarnish; to defile; -- usedchiefly in poetry. "Distained
with dirt and blood." Spenser.[She] hath . . . distained her honorable blood.
Spenser.The worthiness of praise distains his worth. Shak.
DISTALLY,Toward a distal part.
DISTANCE,A space marked out in the last part of a race course.The horse that ran
the whole field out of distance. L'Estrange.
DISTANCY,Distance. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DISTANTIAL,Distant. [Obs.]More distantial from the eye. W. Montagu.
DISTANTLY,At a distance; remotely; with reserve.
DISTASTE,To be distasteful; to taste ill or disagreeable. [Obs.]Dangerous conceits
are, in their natures, poisons, Which at the arescarce found to distaste. Shak.
DISTASTEIVE,Tending to excite distaste. [Obs.] -- n.
DISTASTURE,Something which excites distaste or disgust. [Obs.] Speed.
DISTEMPER,To mix (colors) in the way of distemper; as, to distempercolors with
size. [R.]
DISTEMPERANCE,Distemperature. [Obs.]
DISTEMPERATELY,Unduly. [Obs.]
DISTEMPERMENT,Distempered state; distemperature. [Obs.] Feltham.
DISTEND,To become expanded or inflated; to swell. "His heart distendswith pride."
Milton.
DISTENSIBILITY,The quality or capacity of being distensible. [R.]
DISTENSIBLE,Capable of being distended or dilated.
DISTENSION,Same as Distention.
DISTENSIVE,Distending, or capable of being distended.
DISTENT,Distended. [Poetic] Thomson.
DISTER,To banish or drive from a country. [Obs.] Howell.
DISTERMINATE,Separated by bounds. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DISTERMINATION,Separation by bounds. [Obs.] Hammond.
DISTHENE,Cyanite or kyanite; -- so called in allusion to its unequalhardness in two
different directions. See Cyanite.
DISTHRONE,To dethrone. [Obs.]
DISTHRONIZE,To dethrone. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISTICH,A couple of verses or poetic lines making complete sense; anepigram of two
verses.
DISTICHOUSLY,In a distichous manner.
DISTIL,See Distill.
DISTILLABLE,Capable of being distilled; especially, capable of beingdistilled
without chemical change or decomposition; as, alcohol isdistillable; olive oil is
not distillable.
DISTILLATE,The product of distillation; as, the distillate from molasses.
DISTILLATION,The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from themore
fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vaporfrom volatile liquids
or solids, by heat in a retort or still, andthe condensation of the products as far
as possible by a coolreceiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification;
vaporization;condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal,
ofalcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.
DISTILLATORY,Belonging to, or used in, distilling; as, distillatory vessels.-- n.
DISTILLMENT,Distillation; the substance obtained by distillation. [Obs.]Shak.
DISTINCT,To distinguish. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DISTINCTIVELY,With distinction; plainly.
DISTINCTIVENESS,State of being distinctive.
DISTINCTURE,Distinctness. [R.]
DISTINGUISHABLENESS,The quality of being distinguishable.
DISTINGUISHABLY,So as to be distinguished.
DISTINGUISHEDLY,In a distinguished manner. [R.] Swift.
DISTINGUISHING,Constituting difference, or distinction from everything
else;distinctive; peculiar; characteristic.The distinguishing doctrines of our holy
religion. Locke.Distinguishing pennant (Naut.), a special pennant by which
anyparticular vessel in a fleet is recognized and signaled. Simmonds.
DISTINGUISHINGLY,With distinction; with some mark of preference. Pope.
DISTINGUISHMENT,Observation of difference; distinction. Graunt.
DISTITLE,To deprive of title or right. [R.] B. Jonson.
DISTOMA,A genus of parasitic, trematode worms, having two suckers forattaching
themselves to the part they infest. See 1st Fluke,
DISTORT,Distorted; misshapen. [Obs.]Her face was ugly and her mouth distort.
Spenser.
DISTORTER,One who, or that which, distorts.
DISTORTION,An unnatural deviation of shape or position of any part of thebody
producing visible deformity.
DISTORTIVE,Causing distortion.
DISTRACTED,Mentally disordered; unsettled; mad.My distracted mind. Pope.
DISTRACTEDLY,Disjointedly; madly. Shak.
DISTRACTEDNESS,A state of being distracted; distraction. Bp. Hall.
DISTRACTER,One who, or that which, distracts away.
DISTRACTFUL,Distracting. [R.] Heywood.
DISTRACTIBLE,Capable of being drawn aside or distracted.
DISTRACTILE,Tending or serving to draw apart.
DISTRACTING,Tending or serving to distract.
DISTRACTIOUS,Distractive. [Obs.]
DISTRACTIVE,Causing perplexity; distracting. "Distractive thoughts." Bp.Hall.
DISTRAIN,To levy a distress.Upon whom I can distrain for debt. Camden.
DISTRAINABLE,Capable of being, or liable to be, distrained. Blackstone.
DISTRAINER,Same as Distrainor.
DISTRAINOR,One who distrains; the party distraining goods or chattels.Blackstone.
DISTRAINT,The act or proceeding of seizing personal property by distress.Abbott.
DISTRAIT,Absent-minded; lost in thought; abstracted.
DISTRAUGHTED,Distracted. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISTREAM,To flow. [Poetic]Yet o'er that virtuous blush distreams a tear. Shenstone.
DISTRESS,To seize for debt; to distrain.
DISTRESSEDNESS,A state of being distressed or greatly pained.
DISTRESSFUL,Full of distress; causing, indicating, or attended with,distress; as, a
distressful situation. "Some distressful stroke."Shak. "Distressful cries." Pope.--
Dis*tress"ful*ly, adv.
DISTRESSING,Causing distress; painful; unpleasant.
DISTRIBUTABLE,Capable of being distributed. Sir W. Jones.
DISTRIBUTARY,Tending to distribute or be distributed; that
distributes;distributive.
DISTRIBUTE,To employ (a term) in its whole extent; to take as universal inone
premise.A term is said to be distributed when it is taken universal, so as tostand
for everything it is capable of being applied to. Whately.
DISTRIBUTER,One who, or that which, distributes or deals out anything; adispenser.
Addison.
DISTRIBUTING,That distributes; dealing out. Distributing past office, anoffice
where the mails for a large district are collected to beassorted according to their
destination and forwarded.
DISTRIBUTION,A resolving a whole into its parts.
DISTRIBUTIONAL,Of or pertaining to distribution. Huxley.
DISTRIBUTIONIST,A distributer. [R.] Dickens.
DISTRIBUTIVE,Assigning the species of a general term.
DISTRIBUTIVELY,By distribution; singly; not collectively; in a distributivemanner.
DISTRIBUTIVENESS,Quality of being distributive.
DISTRICT,Rigorous; stringent; harsh. [Obs.]Punishing with the rod of district
severity. Foxe.
DISTRICTION,Sudden display; flash; glitter. [R.]A smile . . . breaks out with the
brightest distriction. Collier.
DISTRICTLY,Strictly. [Obs.] Foxe.
DISTRINGAS,A writ commanding the sheriff to distrain a person by his goodsor
chattels, to compel a compliance with something required of him.
DISTROUBLE,To trouble. [Obs.] Spenser.
DISTRUST,To feel absence of trust in; not to confide in or rely upon; todeem of
questionable sufficiency or reality; to doubt; to besuspicious of; to mistrust.Not
distrusting my health. 2 Mac. ix. 22.To distrust the justice of your cause.
Dryden.He that requireth the oath doth distrust that other. Udall.Of all afraid,
Distrusting all, a wise, suspicious maid. Collins.
DISTRUSTER,One who distrusts.
DISTRUSTING,That distrusts; suspicious; lacking confidence in.-- Dis*trust"ing*ly,
adv.
DISTRUSTLESS,Free from distrust. Shenstone.
DISTUNE,To put out of tune. [Obs.]
DISTURB,Disturbance. [Obs.] Milton.
DISTURBANCE,The hindering or disquieting of a person in the lawful andpeaceable
enjoyment of his right; the interruption of a right; as,the disturbance of a
franchise, of common, of ways, and the like.Blackstone.
DISTURBATION,Act of disturbing; disturbance. [Obs.] Daniel.
DISTURBER,One who interrupts or incommodes another in the peaceableenjoyment of his
right.
DISTURN,To turn aside. [Obs.] Daniel.
DISTYLE,Having two columns in front; -- said of a temple, portico, orthe like.
Distyle in antis, having columns between two antæ. SeeAnta.
DISULPHIDE,A binary compound of sulphur containing two atoms of sulphur ineach
molecule; -- formerly called disulphuret. Cf. Bisulphide.
DISULPHURET,See Disulphide.
DISULPHURIC,Applied to an acid having in each molecule two atoms of sulphurin the
higher state of oxidation. Disulphuric acid, a thick oilyliquid, H2S2O7, called
also Nordhausen acid (from Nordhausen in theHarts, where it was originally
manufactured), fuming sulphuric acid,and especially pyrosulphuric acid. See under
Pyrosulphuric.
DISUNIFORM,Not uniform. [Obs.]
DISUNIONIST,An advocate of disunion, specifically, of disunion of theUnited States.
DISUNITE,To part; to fall asunder; to become separated.The joints of the body
politic do separate and disunite. South.
DISUNITER,One who, or that which, disjoins or causes disunion.
DISUNITY,A state of separation or disunion; want of unity. Dr. H. More.
DISUSAGE,Gradual cessation of use or custom; neglect of use; disuse.[R.] Hooker.
DISUSE,Cessation of use, practice, or exercise; inusitation;desuetude; as, the
limbs lose their strength by disuse.The disuse of the tongue in the only . . .
remedy. Addison.Church discipline then fell into disuse. Southey.
DISUTILIZE,To deprive of utility; to render useless. [R.] Mrs. Browning.
DISVALUATION,Disesteem; depreciation; disrepute. Bacon.
DISVALUE,To undervalue; to depreciate. Shak.
DISVANTAGEOUS,Disadvantageous. [Obs.] "Disadvantageous ground." Drayton.
DISVELOP,To develop. [Obs.]
DISVENTURE,A disadventure. [Obs.] Shelton.
DISVOUCH,To discredit; to contradict. [Obs.] Shak.
DISWARN,To dissuade from by previous warning. [Obs.]
DISWITTED,Deprived of wits or understanding; distracted. [Obs.] Drayton.
DISWONT,To deprive of wonted usage; to disaccustom. [R.] Bp. Hall.
DISWORKMANSHIP,Bad workmanship. [Obs.] Heywood.
DISWORSHIP,To refuse to worship; to treat as unworthy. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
DISWORTH,To deprive of worth; to degrade. [Obs.] Feltham.
DISYOKE,To unyoke; to free from a yoke; to disjoin. [Poetic] R.Browning.
DIT,To close up. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DITATION,The act of making rich; enrichment. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DITCH,To dig a ditch or ditches. Swift.
DITCHER,One who digs ditches.
DITE,To prepare for action or use; to make ready; to dight. [Obs.]His hideous club
aloft he dites. Spenser.
DITEREBENE,See Colophene.
DITHEISM,The doctrine of those who maintain the existence of two gods orof two
original principles (as in Manicheism), one good and one evil;dualism.
DITHEIST,One who holds the doctrine of ditheism; a dualist. Cudworth.
DITHIONIC,Containing two equivalents of sulphur; as, dithionic acid.Dithionic acid
(Chem.), an unstable substance, H2S2O6, known only inits solutions, and in certain
well-defined salts.
DITHYRAMB,A kind of lyric poetry in honor of Bacchus, usually sung by aband of
revelers to a flute accompaniment; hence, in general, a poemwritten in a wild
irregular strain. Bentley.
DITHYRAMBIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, a dithyramb; wild and
boisterous."Dithyrambic sallies." Longfellow.-- n.
DITHYRAMBUS,See Dithyramb.
DITION,Dominion; rule. [Obs.] Evelyn.
DITIONARY,Under rule; subject; tributary. [Obs.] Chapman.
DITOLYL,A white, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C14H14, consistingof two
radicals or residues of toluene.
DITONE,The Greek major third, which comprehend two major tones (themodern major
third contains one major and one minor whole tone).
DITRICHOTOMOUS,Dividing into double or treble ramifications; -- said of a leafor
stem. [R.] Loudon.
DITROCHEAN,Containing two trochees.
DITROCHEE,A double trochee; a foot made up of two trochees.
DITROITE,An igneous rock composed of orthoclase, elæolite, and sodalite.
DITT,See Dit, n.,
DITTANDER,A kind of peppergrass (Lepidium latifolium).
DITTIED,Set, sung, or composed as a ditty; -- usually in composition.Who, with his
soft pipe, and smooth-dittied song. Milton.
DITTO,The aforesaid thing; the same (as before). Often contracted todo., or to two
"turned commas" ("), or small marks. Used in bills,books of account, tables of
names, etc., to save repetition.A spacious table in the center, and a variety of
smaller dittos inthe corners. Dickens.
DITTOLOGY,A double reading, or twofold interpretation, as of a Scripturetext. [R.]
DITTY,To sing; to warble a little tune.Beasts fain would sing; birds ditty to their
notes. Herbert.
DITTY-BAG,A sailor's small bag to hold thread, needles, tape, etc.; --also called
sailor's housewife.
DITTY-BOX,A small box to hold a sailor's thread, needless, comb, etc.
DIUREIDE,One of a series of complex nitrogenous substances regarded ascontaining
two molecules of urea or their radicals, as uric acid orallantoin. Cf. Ureide.
DIURESIS,Free excretion of urine.
DIURETIC,Tending to increase the secretion and discharge of urine.-- n.
DIURETICAL,Diuretic. [Obs.] Boyle.
DIURETICALNESS,The quality of being diuretical; diuretic property.
DIURNA,A division of Lepidoptera, including the butterflies; -- socalled because
they fly only in the daytime.
DIURNAL,Opening during the day, and closing at night; -- said offlowers or leaves.
DIURNALIST,A journalist. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
DIURNALLY,Daily; every day.
DIURNALNESS,The quality of being diurnal.
DIURNATION,The condition of sleeping or becoming dormant by day, as is thecase of
the bats.
DIUTURNAL,Of long continuance; lasting. [R.] Milton.
DIUTURNITY,Long duration; lastingness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
DIVA,A prima donna.
DIVAGATION,A wandering about or going astray; digression.Let us be set down at
Queen's Crawley without further divagation.Thackeray.
DIVALENT,Having two units of combining power; bivalent. Cf. Valence.
DIVARICATE,To divide into two branches; to cause to branch apart.
DIVARICATELY,With divarication.
DIVARICATION,A divergence of lines of color sculpture, or of fibers atdifferent
angles.
DIVARICATOR,One of the muscles which open the shell of brachiopods; acardinal
muscle. See Illust. of Brachiopoda.
DIVAST,Devastated; laid waste. [Obs.]
DIVEDAPPER,A water fowl; the didapper. See Dabchick.
DIVEL,To rend apart. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
DIVELLENT,Drawing asunder. [R.]
DIVELLICATE,To pull in pieces. [Obs. or R.]
DIVER,Any bird of certain genera, as Urinator (formerly Colymbus), orthe allied
genus Colymbus, or Podiceps, remarkable for their agilityin diving.
DIVERB,A saying in which two members of the sentence are contrasted;an antithetical
proverb. [Obs.]Italy, a paradise for horses, a hell for women, as the diverb
goes.Burton.
DIVERBERATE,To strike or sound through. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).
DIVERBERATION,A sounding through.
DIVERGEMENT,Divergence.
DIVERGENT,Causing divergence of rays; as, a divergent lens.
DIVERGING,Tending in different directions from a common center; spreadingapart;
divergent. Diverging series (Math.), a series whose terms arelarger as the series
is extended; a series the sum of whose termsdoes not approach a finite limit when
the series is extendedindefinitely; -- opposed to a converging series.
DIVERGINGLY,In a diverging manner.
DIVERSE,In different directions; diversely.
DIVERSENESS,The quality of being diverse.
DIVERSIFIABILITY,The quality or capacity of being diversifiable. Earle.
DIVERSIFIABLE,Capable of being diversified or varied. Boyle.
DIVERSIFIED,Distinguished by various forms, or by a variety of aspects orobjects;
variegated; as, diversified scenery or landscape.
DIVERSIFIER,One who, or that which, diversifies.
DIVERSIFORM,Of a different form; of varied forms.
DIVERSIFY,To make diverse or various in form or quality; to give varietyto; to
variegate; to distinguish by numerous differences or aspects.Separated and
diversified on from another. Locke.Its seven colors, that diversify all the face of
nature. I. Taylor.
DIVERSILOQUENT,Speaking in different ways. [R.]
DIVERSION,The act of drawing the attention and force of an enemy from thepoint
where the principal attack is to be made; the attack, alarm, orfeint which diverts.
DIVERSIVOLENT,Desiring different things. [Obs.] Webster (White Devil).
DIVERSORY,Serving or tending to divert; also, distinguishing. [Obs.]
DIVERT,To turn aside; to digress. [Obs.]I diverted to see one of the prince's
palaces. Evelyn.
DIVERTER,One who, or that which, diverts, turns off, or pleases.
DIVERTIBLE,Capable of being diverted.
DIVERTICLE,A diverticulum.
DIVERTICULAR,Pertaining to a diverticulum.
DIVERTICULUM,A blind tube branching out of a longer one.
DIVERTIMENTO,) A light and pleasing composition.
DIVERTING,Amusing; entertaining.-- Di*vert"ing*ly, adv.-- Di*vert"ing*ness, n.
DIVERTISE,To divert; to entertain. [Obs.] Dryden.
DIVERTISEMENT,Diversion; amusement; recreation. [R.]
DIVERTISSEMENT,A short ballet, or other entertainment, between the acts of aplay.
Smart.
DIVERTIVE,Tending to divert; diverting; amusing; interesting.Things of a pleasant
and divertive nature. Rogers.
DIVES,The name popularly given to the rich man in our Lord's parableof the "Rich
Man and Lazarus" (Luke xvi. 19-31). Hence, a name for arich worldling.
DIVEST,See Devest. Mozley & W.
DIVESTIBLE,Capable of being divested.
DIVESTITURE,The act of stripping, or depriving; the state of beingdivested; the
deprivation, or surrender, of possession of property,rights, etc.
DIVESTMENT,The act of divesting. [R.]
DIVESTURE,Divestiture. [Obs.]
DIVET,See Divot.
DIVI-DIVI,A small tree of tropical America (Cæsalpinia coriaria), whoselegumes
contain a large proportion of tannic and gallic acid, and areused by tanners and
dyers.
DIVIDANT,Different; distinct. [Obs.] Shak.
DIVIDE,To subject to arithmetical division.
DIVIDED,Cut into distinct parts, by incisions which reach the midrib; -- said of a
leaf.
DIVIDEDLY,Separately; in a divided manner.
DIVIDEND,A number or quantity which is to be divided.
DIVIDENT,Dividend; share. [Obs.] Foxe.
DIVIDER,An instrument for dividing lines, describing circles, etc.,compasses. See
Compasses.
DIVIDING,That divides; separating; marking divisions; graduating.Dividing engine, a
machine for graduating circles (as forastronomical instruments) or bars (as for
scales); also, for spacingoff and cutting teeth in wheels.-- Dividing sinker.
(Knitting Mach.). See under Sinker.
DIVIDINGLY,By division.
DIVIDUAL,Divided, shared, or participated in, in common with others.[R.] Milton.
DIVIDUALLY,By dividing. [R.]
DIVIDUOUS,Divided; dividual. [R.]He so often substantiates distinctions into
dividuous,selfsubsistent. Coleridge.
DIVINATOR,One who practices or pretends to divination; a diviner. [R.]Burton.
DIVINATORY,Professing, or relating to, divination. "A natural divinatoryinstinct."
Cowley.
DIVINEMENT,Divination. [Obs.]
DIVINENESS,The quality of being divine; superhuman or supreme excellence.Shak.
DIVINERESS,A woman who divines. Dryden.
DIVING,That dives or is used or diving. Diving beetle (Zoöl.), anybeetle of the
family Dytiscidæ, which habitually lives under water; -- called also water tiger.--
Diving bell, a hollow inverted vessel, sometimes bell-shaped, inwhich men may
descend and work under water, respiration beingsustained by the compressed air at
the top, by fresh air pumped inthrough a tube from above.-- Diving dress. See
Submarine armor, under Submarine.-- Diving stone, a kind of jasper.
DIVINIFY,To render divine; to deify. [Obs.] "Blessed and divinifiedsoul." Parth.
Sacra (1633).
DIVINING,That divines; for divining. Divining rod, a rod, commonly ofwitch hazel,
with forked branches, used by those who pretend todiscover water or metals under
ground.
DIVININGLY,In a divining manner.
DIVINISTRE,A diviner. [Obs.] " I am no divinistre." Chaucer.
DIVINITY CALF,Calf stained dark brown and worked without gilding, often usedfor
theological books.
DIVINIZATION,A making divine. M. Arnold.
DIVINIZE,To invest with a divine character; to deify. [R.] M. Arnold.Man had
divinized all those objects of awe. Milman.
DIVISIBILITY,The quality of being divisible; the property of bodies by whichtheir
parts are capable of separation.Divisibility . . . is a primary attribute of
matter. Sir W. Hamilton.
DIVISIBLE,Capable of being divided or separated.Extended substance . . . is
divisible into parts. Sir W. Hamilton.Divisible contract (Law), a contract
containing agreements one ofwhich can be separated from the other.-- Divisible
offense (Law), an offense containing a lesser offensein one of a greater grade, so
that on the latter there can be anacquittal, while on the former there can be a
conviction.-- Di*vis"i*ble*ness, n.-- Di*vis"i*bly, adv.
DIVISION,The process of finding how many times one number or quantity iscontained
in another; the reverse of multiplication; also, the ruleby which the operation is
performed.
DIVISIONAL,That divides; pas, a divisional line; a divisional general; adivisional
surgeon of police. Divisional planes (Geol.), planes ofseparation between rock
masses. They include joints.
DIVISIONALLY,So as to be divisional.
DIVISIONARY,Divisional.
DIVISIONOR,One who divides or makes division. [Obs.] Sheldon.
DIVISOR,The number by which the dividend is divided. Common divisor.(Math.) See
under Common, a.
DIVORCEABLE,Capable of being divorced.
DIVORCEE,A person divorced.
DIVORCELESS,Incapable of being divorced or separated; free from divorce.
DIVORCEMENT,Dissolution of the marriage tie; divorce; separation.Let him write her
a divorcement. Deut. xxiv. 1.The divorcement of our written from our spoken
language. R. Morris.
DIVORCER,The person or cause that produces or effects a divorce.Drummond.
DIVORCIBLE,Divorceable. Milton.
DIVORCIVE,Having power to divorce; tending to divorce. "This divorcivelaw." Milton.
DIVOT,A thin, oblong turf used for covering cottages, and also forfuel. [Scot.]
Simmonds.
DIVULGATE,Published. [Obs.] Bale.
DIVULGATER,A divulger. [R.]
DIVULGATION,The act of divulging or publishing. [R.]Secrecy hath no use than
divulgation. Bp. Hall.
DIVULGE,To become publicly known. [R.] "To keep it from divulging."Shak.
DIVULSIVE,Tending to pull asunder, tear, or rend; distracting.
DIXIE,A colloquial name for the Southern portion of the UnitedStates, esp. during
the Civil War. [U.S.]
DIZZ,To make dizzy; to astonish; to puzzle. [Obs.] Gayton.
DIZZARD,A blockhead. [Obs.] [Written also dizard, and disard.] --Diz"zard*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
DIZZILY,In a dizzy manner or state.
DIZZINESS,Giddiness; a whirling sensation in the head; vertigo.
DIZZY,To make dizzy or giddy; to give the vertigo to; to confuse.If the jangling of
thy bells had not dizzied thy understanding. SirW. Scott.
DJINNEE,See Jinnee, Jinn.
DO,A syllable attached to the first tone of the major diatonicscale for the purpose
of solmization, or solfeggio. It is the firstof the seven syllables used by the
Italians as manes of musicaltones, and replaced, for the sake of euphony, the
syllable Ut,applied to the note C. In England and America the same syllables
areused by mane as a scale pattern, while the tones in respect toabsolute pitch are
named from the first seven letters of thealphabet.
DO-ALL,General manager; factotum.Under him, Dunstan was the do-all at court, being
the king'streasurer, councilor, chancellor, confessor, all things. Fuller.
DO-LITTLE,One who performs little though professing much. [Colloq.]Great talkers
are commonly dolittles. Bp. Richardson.
DO-NAUGHT,A lazy, good-for-nothing fellow.
DO-NOTHING,Doing nothing; inactive; idle; lazy; as, a do-nothing policy.
DOAB,A tongue or tract of land included between two rivers; as, thedoab between the
Ganges and the Jumna. [India] Am. Cyc.
DOABLE,Capable of being done. Carlyle.
DOAND,Doing. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DOAT,See Dote.
DOBBER,See Dabchick.
DOBBY,An apparatus resembling a Jacquard for weaving small figures(usually about 12
- 16 threads, seldom more than 36 - 40 threads).
DOBCHICK,See Dabchick.
DOBSON,The aquatic larva of a large neuropterous insect (Corydaluscornutus), used
as bait in angling. See Hellgamite.
DOBULE,The European dace.
DOCENT,Serving to instruct; teaching. [Obs.]
DOCETAE,Ancient heretics who held that Christ's body was merely aphantom or
appearance.
DOCETIC,Pertaining to, held by, or like, the Docetæ. "DoceticGnosticism." Plumptre.
DOCETISM,The doctrine of the Docetæ.
DOCHMIAC,Pertaining to, or containing, the dochmius.
DOCHMIUS,A foot of five syllables (usually
DOCIBLE,Easily taught or managed; teachable. Milton.
DOCIMACY,The art or practice of applying tests to ascertain the nature,quality,
etc., of objects, as of metals or ores, of medicines, or offacts pertaining to
physiology.
DOCIMASTIC,Proving by experiments or tests. Docimastic art, metallurgy, orthe art
of assaying metals; the art of separating metals from foreignmatters, and
determining the nature and quantity of metallicsubstances contained in any ore or
mineral.
DOCIMOLOGY,A treatise on the art of testing, as in assaying metals, etc.
DOCITY,Teachableness. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U. S.]
DOCK,A genus of plants (Rumex), some species of which are well-knownweeds which
have a long taproot and are difficult of extermination.
DOCK-CRESS,Nipplewort.
DOCKAGE,A charge for the use of a dock.
DOCKYARD,A yard or storage place for all sorts of naval stores andtimber for
shipbuilding.
DOCOGLOSSA,An order of gastropods, including the true limpets, and havingthe teeth
on the odontophore or lingual ribbon.
DOCQUET,See Docket.
DOCTOR,The friar skate. [Prov. Eng.] Doctors' Commons. See underCommons.-- Doctor's
stuff, physic, medicine. G. Eliot.-- Doctor fish (Zoöl.), any fish of the genus
Acanthurus; thesurgeon fish; -- so called from a sharp lancetlike spine on each
sideof the tail. Also called barber fish. See Surgeon fish.
DOCTORAL,Of or relating to a doctor, or to the degree of doctor.Doctoral habit and
square cap. Wood.
DOCTORALLY,In the manner of a doctor.[R.]
DOCTORATE,The degree, title, or rank, of a doctor.
DOCTORESS,A female doctor.[R.]
DOCTORLY,Like a doctor or learned man. [Obs.] "Doctorly prelates." Foxe.
DOCTORSHIP,Doctorate. [R.] Clarendon.
DOCTRESS,A female doctor. [R.]
DOCTRINABLE,Of the nature of, or constituting, doctrine. [Obs.] Sir P.Sidney.
DOCTRINAIRE,One who would apply to political or other practical concernsthe
abstract doctrines or the theories of his own philosophicalsystem; a propounder of
a new set of opinions; a dogmatic theorist.Used also adjectively; as, doctrinaire
notions.
DOCTRINAL,A matter of doctrine; also, a system of doctrines. T. Goodwin.Sir T.
Elyot.
DOCTRINALLY,In a doctrinal manner or for; by way of teaching or positivedirection.
DOCTRINARIAN,A doctrinaire. J. H. Newman.
DOCTRINARIANISM,The principles or practices of the Doctrinaires.
DOCUMENTARY,Pertaining to written evidence; contained or certified inwriting.
"Documentary evidence." Macaulay.
DODDART,A game much like hockey, played in an open field; also, the,bent stick for
playing the game. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell.
DODDED,Without horns; as, dodded cattle; without beards; as, doddedcorn. Halliwell.
DODDER,A plant of the genus Cuscuta. It is a leafless parasitical vinewith
yellowish threadlike stems. It attaches itself to some otherplant, as to flax,
goldenrod, etc., and decaying at the root. isnourished by the plant that supports
it.
DODDERED,Shattered; infirm. "A laurel grew, doddered with age." Dryden.
DODECAGON,A figure or polygon bounded by twelve sides and containingtwelve angles.
DODECAGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants having twelve styles.
DODECAHEDRAL,Pertaining to, or like, a dodecahedion; consisting of twelveequal
sides. Dodecahedral cleavage. See under Cleavage.
DODECAHEDRON,A solid having twelve faces.
DODECANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants including all that have any number ofstamens
between twelve and nineteen.
DODECANE,Any one of a group of thick oily hydrocarbons, C12H26, of theparaffin
series.
DODECASTYLE,Having twelve columns in front.-- n.
DODECASYLLABIC,Having twelve syllables.
DODECASYLLABLE,A word consisting of twelve syllables.
DODECATEMORY,A tern applied to the twelve houses, or parts, of the zodiac ofthe
primum mobile, to distinguish them from the twelve signs; also,any one of the
twelve signs of the zodiac.
DODGE,The act of evading by some skillful movement; a sudden startingaside; hence,
an artful device to evade, deceive, or cheat; a cunningtrick; an artifice.
[Colloq.]Some, who have a taste for good living, have many harmless arts, bywhich
they improve their banquet, and innocent dodges, if we may bepermitted to use an
excellent phrase that has become vernacular sincethe appearance of the last
dictionaries. Thackeray.
DODGERY,trickery; artifice. [Obs.] Hacket.
DODKIN,A doit; a small coin. Shelton.
DODMAN,Any shellfish which casts its shell, as a lobster. [Prov. Eng.]
DODO,A large, extinct bird (Didus ineptus), formerly inhabiting theIsland of
Mauritius. It had short, half-fledged wings, like those ofthe ostrich, and a short
neck and legs; -- called also dronte. It wasrelated to the pigeons.
DOE,A female deer or antelope; specifically, the female of thefallow deer, of which
the male is called a buck. Also applied to thefemale of other animals, as the
rabbit. See the Note under Buck.
DOEGLIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the doegling; as, doeglic acid(Chem.), an
oily substance resembling oleic acid.
DOEGLING,The beaked whale (Balænoptera rostrata), from which doeglingoil is
obtained.
DOER,An agent or attorney; a factor. Burrill.
DOES,The 3d pers. sing. pres. of Do.
DOFF,To put off dress; to take off the hat.
DOFFER,A revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar with teeth, in acarding machine,
which doffs, or strips off, the cotton from thecards. Ure.
DOG BEE,A male or drone bee. Halliwell.
DOG DAYS,A period of from four to six weeks, in the summer, variouslyplaced by
almanac makers between the early part of July and the earlypart of September;
canicular days; -- so called in reference to therising in ancient times of the Dog
Star (Sirius) with the sun.Popularly, the sultry, close part of the summer.
DOG FANCIER,One who has an unusual fancy for, or interest in, dogs; also,one who
deals in dogs.
DOG STAR,Sirius, a star of the constellation Canis Major, or the GreaterDog, and
the brightest star in the heavens; -- called also Canicula,and, in astronomical
charts, a Canis Majoris. See Dog days.
DOG,A quadruped of the genus Canis, esp. the domestic dog (C.familiaris).
DOG-BRIER,The dog-rose.
DOG-EARED,Having the corners of the leaves turned down and soiled bycareless or
long-continued usage; -- said of a book.Statute books before unopened, not dog-
eared. Ld. Mansfield.
DOG-FACED,Having a face resembling that of a dog. Dog-faced baboon(Zoöl.), any
baboon of the genus Cynocephalus. See Drill.
DOG-HEADED,Having a head shaped like that of a dog; -- said of certainbaboons.
DOG-HEARTED,Inhuman; cruel. Shak.
DOG-LEGGED,Noting a flight of stairs, consisting of two or more straightportions
connected by a platform (landing) or platforms, and runningin opposite directions
without an intervening wellhole.
DOG-ROSE,A common European wild rose, with single pink or white flowers.
DOG-WEARY,Extremely weary. Shak.
DOGAL,Of or pertaining to a doge.[R.]
DOGATE,The office or dignity of a doge.
DOGBANE,A small genus of perennial herbaceous plants, with poisonousmilky juice,
bearing slender pods pods in pairs.
DOGBERRY,The berry of the dogwood; -- called also dogcherry. Dr. Prior.Dogberry
tree (Bot.), the dogwood.
DOGBOLT,The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a cannon.Knight.
DOGCART,A light one-horse carriage, commonly two-wheeled, patternedafter a cart.
The original dogcarts used in England by sportsmen hada box at the back for
carrying dogs.
DOGDRAW,The act of drawing after, or pursuing, deer with a dog. Cowell.
DOGE,The chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa.
DOGEATE,Dogate. Wright.
DOGELESS,Without a doge. Byron.
DOGGEDLY,In a dogged manner; sullenly; with obstinate resolution.
DOGGER,A two-masted fishing vessel, used by the Dutch.
DOGGEREL,Low in style, and irregular in measure; as, doggerel rhymes.This may well
be rhyme doggerel, quod he. Chaucer.
DOGGERMAN,A sailor belonging to a dogger.
DOGGET,Docket. See Docket. [Obs.]
DOGGISH,Like a dog; having the bad qualities of a dog; churlish;growling; brutal.--
Dog"*gish*ly, adv.-- Dog"gish*ness, n.
DOGGREL,Same as Doggerel.
DOGHOLE,A place fit only for dogs; a vile, mean habitation orapartment. Dryden.
DOGMATIC,One of an ancient sect of physicians who went by generalprinciples; --
opposed to the Empiric.
DOGMATICALLY,In a dogmatic manner; positively; magisterially.
DOGMATICALNESS,The quality of being dogmatical; positiveness.
DOGMATICIAN,A dogmatist.
DOGMATICS,The science which treats of Christian doctrinal theology.
DOGMATISM,The manner or character of a dogmatist; arrogance orpositiveness in
stating opinion.The self-importance of his demeanor, and the dogmatism of
hisconversation. Sir W. Scott.
DOGMATIST,One who dogmatizes; one who speaks dogmatically; a bold andarrogant
advancer of principles.I expect but little success of all this upon the dogmatist;
hisopinioned assurance is paramount to argument. Glanvill.
DOGMATIZE,To assert positively; to teach magisterially or with bold andundue
confidence; to advance with arrogance.The pride of dogmatizing schools. Blackmore.
DOGMATIZER,One who dogmatizes; a bold asserter; a magisterial teacher.Hammond.
DOGSHIP,The character, or individuality, of a dog.
DOGSHORE,One of several shores used to hold a ship firmly and preventher moving
while the blocks are knocked away before launching.
DOGSICK,Sick as a dog sometimes is very sick. [Colloq.]
DOGSKIN,The skin of a dog, or leather made of the skin. Also usedadjectively.
DOGSLEEP,The fitful naps taken when all hands are kept up by stress.
DOGTIE,A cramp.
DOGTOOTH,An ornament common in Gothic architecture, consisting ofpointed
projections resembling teeth; -- also called tooth ornament.Dogtooth spar (Min.), a
variety of calcite, in acute crystals,resembling the tooth of a dog. See Calcite.--
Dogtooth violet (Bot.), a small, bulbous herb of the Lily family(genus
Erythronium). It has two shining flat leaves and commonly onelarge flower. [Written
also dog's-tooth violet.]
DOGTRICK,A gentle trot, like that of a dog.
DOGVANE,A small vane of bunting, feathers, or any other light material,carried at
the masthead to indicate the direction of the wind.Totten.
DOGWATCH,A half watch; a watch of two hours, of which there are two, thefirst
dogwatch from 4 to 6 o'clock, p.m., and the second dogwatchfrom 6 to 8 o'clock, P.
M. Totten.
DOGWOOD,The Cornus, a genus of large shrubs or small trees, the wood ofwhich is
exceedingly hard, and serviceable for many purposes.
DOHTREN,Daughters. [Obs.]
DOING,Anything done; a deed; an action good or bad; hence, in theplural, conduct;
behavior. See Do.To render an account of his doings. Barrow.
DOITKIN,A very small coin; a doit.
DOKIMASTIC,Docimastic.
DOKO,See Lepidosiren.
DOLABRA,A rude ancient ax or hatchet, seen in museums.
DOLABRIFORM,Shaped like the head of an ax or hatchet, as some leaves, andalso
certain organs of some shellfish.
DOLDRUMS,A part of the ocean near the equator, abounding in calms,squalls, and
light, baffling winds, which sometimes prevent allprogress for weeks; -- so called
by sailors. To be in the doldrums,to be in a state of listlessness ennui, or
tedium.
DOLE,grief; sorrow; lamentation. [Archaic]And she died. So that day there was dole
in Astolat. Tennyson.
DOLEFUL,Full of dole or grief; expressing or exciting sorrow;sorrowful; sad;
dismal.With screwed face and doleful whine. South.Regions of sorrow, doleful
shades. Milton.
DOLENT,Sorrowful. [Obs.] Ford.
DOLENTE,Plaintively. See Doloroso.
DOLERITE,A dark-colored, basic, igneous rock, composed essentially ofpyroxene and a
triclinic feldspar with magnetic iron. By many authorsit is considered equivalent
to a coarse-grained basalt.
DOLERITIC,Of the nature of dolerite; as, much lava is doleritic lava.Dana.
DOLESOME,Doleful; dismal; gloomy; sorrowful.-- Dole"some*ly, adv.-- Dole"some*ness,
n.
DOLF,of Delve. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DOLIOFORM,Barrel-shaped, or like a cask in form.
DOLIOLUM,A genus of freeswimming oceanic tunicates, allied to Salpa, andhaving
alternate generations.
DOLIUM,A genus of large univalve mollusks, including the partridgeshell and tun
shells.
DOLL,A child's puppet; a toy baby for a little girl.
DOLLARDEE,A species of sunfish (Lepomis pallidus), common in the UnitedStates; --
called also blue sunfish, and copper-nosed bream.
DOLLMAN,See Dolman.
DOLLY,A contrivance, turning on a vertical axis by a handle or winch,and giving a
circular motion to the ore to be washed; a stirrer.
DOLMEN,A cromlech. See Cromlech. [Written also tolmen.]
DOLOMITE,A mineral consisting of the carbonate of lime and magnesia invarying
proportions. It occurs in distinct crystals, and in extensivebeds as a compact
limestone, often crystalline granular, either whiteor clouded. It includes much of
the common white marble. Also calledbitter spar.
DOLOMITIC,Pertaining to dolomite.
DOLOMIZE,To convert into dolomite.-- Dol`o*mi*za"tion, n.
DOLOR,Pain; grief; distress; anguish. [Written also dolour.] [Poetic]Of death and
dolor telling sad tidings. Spenser.
DOLORIFEROUS,Producing pain. Whitaker.
DOLOROSO,Plaintive; pathetic; -- used adverbially as a musicaldirection.
DOLPHIN,A mass of iron or lead hung from the yardarm, in readiness tobe dropped on
the deck of an enemy's vessel.
DOLPHINET,A female dolphin. [R.] Spenser.
DOLT,A heavy, stupid fellow; a blockhead; a numskull; an ignoramus;a dunce; a
dullard.This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt. Drayton.
DOLTISH,Doltlike; dull in intellect; stupid; blockish; as, a doltishclown.--
Dolt"ish*ly, adv.-- Dolt"ish*ness, n.
DOLUS,Evil intent, embracing both malice and fraud. See Culpa.Wharton.
DOLVEN,of Delve. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
DOMABLE,Capable of being tamed; tamable.
DOMABLENESS,Tamableness.
DOMAIN,Ownership of land; an estate or patrimony which one has in hisown right;
absolute proprietorship; paramount or sovereign ownership.Public domain, the
territory belonging to a State or to the generalgovernment; public lands. [U.S.]in
the public domain may be used byanyone wihout restriction.-- Right of eminent
domain, that superior dominion of the sovereignpower over all the property within
the state, including thatpreviously granted by itself, which authorizes it to
appropriate anypart thereof to a necessary public use, reasonable compensation
beingmade.
DOMAL,Pertaining to a house. Addison.
DOMANIAL,Of or relating to a domain or to domains.
DOME,A cupola formed on a large scale.
DOMEBOOK,A book said to have been compiled under the direction of KingAlfred. It is
supposed to have contained the principal maxims of thecommon law, the penalties for
misdemeanors, and the forms of judicialproceedings. Domebook was probably a general
name for book ofjudgments. Burrill.
DOMED,Furnished with a dome; shaped like a dome.
DOMESDAY,A day of judgment. See Doomsday. [Obs.] Domesday Book, theancient record
of the survey of most of the lands of England, made byorder of William the
Conqueror, about 1086. It consists of twovolumes, a large folio and a quarto, and
gives the proprietors'tenures, arable land, woodland, etc. [Written also Doomsday
Book.]
DOMESMAN,A judge; an umpire. [Obs.]
DOMESTIC,Articles of home manufacture, especially cotton goods. [U. S.]
DOMESTICAL,Domestic. [Obs.]Our private and domestical matter. Sir. P. Sidney.
DOMESTICALLY,In a domestic manner; privately; with reference to domesticaffairs.
DOMESTICANT,Forming part of the same family. [Obs.] Sir E. Dering.
DOMESTICATION,The act of domesticating, or accustoming to home; the action oftaming
wild animals.
DOMESTICATOR,One who domesticates.
DOMESTICITY,The state of being domestic; domestic character; householdlife.
DOMETT,A kind of baize of which the ward is cotton and the weftwoolen. Blakely.
DOMEYKITE,A massive mineral of tin-white or steel-gray color, an arsenideof copper.
DOMICAL,Relating to, or shaped like, a dome.
DOMICILE,A residence at a particular place accompanied with an intentionto remain
there for an unlimited time; a residence accepted as afinal abode. Wharton.
DOMICILIAR,A member of a household; a domestic.
DOMICILIARY,Of or pertaining to a domicile, or the residence of a person
orfamily.The personal and domiciliary rights of the citizen scrupulouslyguarded.
Motley.Domiciliary visit (Law), a visit to a private dwelling, particularlyfor
searching it, under authority.
DOMICILIATION,The act of domiciliating; permanent residence; inhabitancy.Milman.
DOMICULTURE,The art of house-keeping, cookery, etc. [R.] R. Park.
DOMIFY,To divide, as the heavens, into twelve houses. See House, inastrological
sense. [Obs.]
DOMINA,Lady; a lady; -- a title formerly given to noble ladies whoheld a barony in
their own right. Burrill.
DOMINANT,Ruling; governing; prevailing; controlling; predominant; as,the dominant
party, church, spirit, power.The member of a dominant race is, in his dealings with
the subjectrace, seldom indeed fraudulent, . . . but imperious, insolent, andcruel.
Macaulay.Dominant estate or tenement (Law), the estate to which a servitude
oreasement is due from another estate, the estate over which theservitude extends
being called the servient estate or tenement.Bouvier. Wharton's Law Dict.--
Dominant owner (Law), one who owns lands on which there is aneasement owned by
another.
DOMINATE,To predominate over; to rule; to govern. "A city dominated bythe ax."
Dickens.We everywhere meet with Slavonian nations either dominant ordominated. W.
Tooke.
DOMINATION,A high order of angels in the celestial hierarchy; -- a meaninggiven by
the schoolmen.Thrones, dominations, princedoms, virtues, powers. Milton.
DOMINATIVE,Governing; ruling; imperious. Sir E. Sandys.
DOMINATOR,A ruler or ruling power. "Sole dominator of Navarre." Shak.Jupiter and
Mars are dominators for this northwest part of the world.Camden.
DOMINE,A West Indian fish (Epinula magistralis), of the familyTrichiuridæ. It is a
long-bodied, voracious fish.
DOMINEER,To rule with insolence or arbitrary sway; to play the master;to be
overbearing; to tyrannize; to bluster; to swell with conscioussuperiority or
haughtiness; -- often with over; as, to domineer overdependents.Go to the feast,
revel and domineer. Shak.His wishes tend abroad to roam, And hers to domineer at
home. Prior.
DOMINEERING,Ruling arrogantly; overbearing.A violent, brutal, domineering old
reprobate. Blackw. Mag.
DOMINICAL,The Lord's day or Sunday; also, the Lord's prayer. [Obs.]
DOMINICAN,Of or pertaining to St. Dominic (Dominic de Guzman), or to thereligions
communities named from him. Dominican nuns, an order ofnuns founded by St. Dominic,
and chiefly employed in teaching.-- Dominican tertiaries (the third order of St.
Dominic). SeeTertiary.
DOMINION DAY,In Canada, a legal holiday, July lst, being the anniversary ofthe
proclamation of the formation of the Dominion in 1867.
DOMINION,A supposed high order of angels; dominations. See Domination,3. Milton.By
him were all things created . . . whether they be thrones, ordominions, or
principalities, or powers. Col. i. 16.
DOMINO WHIST,A game of cards in which the suits are played in sequence,beginning
with a 5 or 9, the player who gets rid of his cards firstbeing the winner.
DOMINO,A game played by two or more persons, with twenty-eight piecesof wood, bone,
or ivory, of a flat, oblong shape, plain at the back,but on the face divided by a
line in the middle, and either leftblank or variously dotted after the manner of
dice. The game isplayed by matching the spots or the blank of an unmatched half of
adomino already played Hoyle.
DOMINUS,Master; sir; -- a title of respect formerly applied to a knightor a
clergyman, and sometimes to the lord of a manor. Cowell.
DOMITABLE,That can be tamed. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
DOMITE,A grayish variety of trachyte; -- so called from the Puy-de-Dôme in
Auvergne, France, where it is found.
DON,To put on; to dress in; to invest one's self with.Should I don this robe and
trouble you. Shak.At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at
morn.Emerson.
DONABLE,Capable of being donated or given. [R.]
DONARY,A thing given to a sacred use. [R.] Burton.
DONAT,A grammar. [Obs.] [Written also donet.]
DONATARY,See Donatory.
DONATE,To give; to bestow; to present; as, to donate fifty thousanddollars to a
college.
DONATION,The act or contract by which a person voluntarily transfers thetitle to a
thing of which be is the owner, from himself to another,without any consideration,
as a free gift. Bouvier. Donation party, aparty assembled at the house of some one,
as of a clergyman, each onebringing some present. [U.S.] Bartlett.
DONATISM,The tenets of the Donatists.
DONATIST,A follower of Donatus, the leader of a body of North Africanschismatics
and purists, who greatly disturbed the church in the 4thcentury. They claimed to be
the true church.
DONATISTIC,Pertaining to Donatism.
DONATIVE,A benefice conferred on a person by the founder or patron,without either
presentation or institution by the ordinary, orinduction by his orders. See the
Note under Benefice, n.,
DONATOR,One who makes a gift; a donor; a giver.
DONATORY,A donee of the crown; one the whom, upon certain condition,escheated
property is made over.
DONAX,A canelike grass of southern Europe (Arundo Donax), used forfishing rods,
etc.
DONCELLA,A handsome fish of Florida and the West Indies (Platyglossusradiatus). The
name is applied also to the ladyfish (Harpe rufa) ofthe same region.
DONE,p. p. from Do, and formerly the infinitive.
DONEE,Anciently, one to whom lands were given; in later use, one towhom lands and
tenements are given in tail; in modern use, one onwhom a power is conferred for
execution; -- sometimes called theappointor.
DONET,Same as Donat. Piers Plowman.
DONI,A clumsy craft, having one mast with a long sail, used fortrading purposes on
the coasts of Coromandel and Ceylon. [Writtenalso dhony, doney, and done.]
DONIFEROUS,Bearing gifts. [R.]
DONJON,The chief tower, also called the keep; a massive tower inancient castles,
forming the strongest part of the fortifications.See Illust. of Castle.
DONNA,A lady; madam; mistress; -- the title given a lady in Italy.
DONNAT,See Do-naught. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
DONNEE,Lit., given; hence, in a literary work, as a drama or tale,that which is
assumed as to characters, situation, etc., as a basisfor the plot or story. W. E.
Henley.
DONNISM,Self-importance; loftiness of carriage. [Cant, Eng.Universities]
DONOR,One who grants an estate; in later use, one who confers apower; -- the
opposite of donee. Kent.Touching, the parties unto deeds and charters, we are to
consider aswell the donors and granters as the donees or grantees. Spelman.
DONSHIP,The quality or rank of a don, gentleman, or knight. Hudibras.
DONZEL,A young squire, or knight's attendant; a page. [Obs.] Beau. &Fl.
DOO,A dove. [Scot.]
DOOB GRASS,A perennial, creeping grass (Cynodon dactylon), highly prized,in
Hindostan, as food for cattle, and acclimated in the UnitedStates. [Written also
doub grass.]
DOODLE,A trifler; a simple fellow.
DOODLESACK,The Scotch bagpipe. [Prov. Eng.]
DOOLE,Sorrow; dole. [Obs.] Spenser.
DOOLY,A kind of litter suspended from men's shoulders, for carryingpersons or
things; a palanquin. [Written also doolee and doolie.][East Indies]Having provided
doolies, or little bamboo chairs slung on four men'sshoulders, in which I put my
papers and boxes, we next morningcommenced the ascent. J. D. Hooker.
DOOM PALM,A species of palm tree (Hyphæne Thebaica), highly valued forthe fibrous
pulp of its fruit, which has the flavor of gingerbread,and is largely eaten in
Egypt and Abyssinia. [Written also doumpalm.]
DOOMAGE,A penalty or fine for neglect. [Local, New England]
DOOMFUL,Full of condemnation or destructive power. [R.] "That doomfuldeluge."
Drayton.
DOOMSMAN,A judge; an umpire. [Obs.] Hampole.
DOOMSTER,Same as Dempster. [Scot.]
DOORCASE,The surrounding frame into which a door shuts.
DOORCHEEK,The jamb or sidepiece of a door. Ex. xii. 22 (Douay version).
DOORGA,A Hindoo divinity, the consort of Siva, represented with tenarms. [Written
also Durga.] Malcom.
DOORING,The frame of a door. Milton.
DOORKEEPER,One who guards the entrance of a house or apartment; a porter;a janitor.
DOORLESS,Without a door.
DOORNAIL,The nail or knob on which in ancient doors the knocker struck;-- hence the
old saying, "As dead as a doornail."
DOORPLANE,A plane on a door, giving the name, and sometimes theemployment, of the
occupant.
DOORPOST,The jamb or sidepiece of a doorway.
DOORSILL,The sill or threshold of a door.
DOORSTEAD,Entrance or place of a door. [Obs. or Local] Bp. Warburton.
DOORSTEP,The stone or plank forming a step before an outer door.
DOORSTONE,The stone forming a threshold.
DOORSTOP,The block or strip of wood or similar material which stops, atthe right
place, the shutting of a door.
DOORWAY,The passage of a door; entrance way into a house or a room.
DOORYARD,A yard in front of a house or around the door of a house.
DOP,To dip. [Obs.] Walton.
DOPE-BOOK,A chart of previous performances, etc., of race horses. [Race-track
Slang]
DOPEY,Affected by "dope"; esp., sluggish or dull as though under theinfluence of a
narcotic. [Slang]
DOPPELGANGER,A spiritual or ghostly double or counterpart; esp., anapparitional
double of a living person; a cowalker.
DOPPER,An Anabaptist or Baptist. [Contemptuous] B. Jonson.
DOPPLERITE,A brownish black native hydrocarbon occurring in elastic orjellylike
masses.
DOQUET,A warrant. See Docket.
DOR,A large European scaraboid beetle (Geotrupes stercorarius),which makes a
droning noise while flying. The name is also applied toallied American species, as
the June bug. Called also dorr,dorbeetle, or dorrbeetle, dorbug, dorrfly, and
buzzard clock.
DORADO,A southern constellation, within which is the south pole of theecliptic; --
called also sometimes Xiphias, or the Swordfish.
DORBEETLE,See 1st Dor.
DOREE,A European marine fish (Zeus faber), of a yellow color. SeeIllust. of John
Doree.
DORETREE,A doorpost. [Obs.] "As dead as a doretree." Piers Plowman.
DORHAWK,The European goatsucker; -- so called because it eats the dorbeetle. See
Goatsucker. [Written also dorrhawk.] Booth.
DORIAN,Same as Doric, 3. "Dorian mood." Milton. Dorian mode (Mus.),the first of the
authentic church modes or tones, from D to D,resembling our D minor scale, but with
the B natural. Grove.
DORIC,Belonging to, or resembling, the oldest and simplest of thethree orders of
architecture used by the Greeks, but ranked as secondof the five orders adopted by
the Romans. See Abacus, Capital, Order.
DORICISM,A Doric phrase or idiom.
DORIS,A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks having a wreath of branchi¯n the back.
DORISM,A Doric phrase or idiom.
DORKING FOWL,One of a breed of large-bodied domestic fowls, having fivetoes, or the
hind toe double. There are several strains, as thewhite, gray, and silver-gray.
They are highly esteemed for the table.
DORMANCY,The state of being dormant; quiescence; abeyance.
DORMANT,In a sleeping posture; as, a lion dormant; -- distinguishedfrom couchant.
Dormant partner (Com.), a partner who takes no sharein the active business of a
company or partnership, but is entitledto a share of the profits, and subject to a
share in losses; --called also sleeping or silent partner.-- Dormant window
(Arch.), a dormer window. See Dormer.-- Table dormant, a stationary table. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
DORMITIVE,Causing sleep; as, the dormitive properties of opium. Clarke.-- n. (Med.)
DORMOUSE,A small European rodent of the genus Myoxus, of severalspecies. They live
in trees and feed on nuts, acorns, etc.; -- socalled because they are usually
torpid in winter.
DORMY,Up, or ahead, as many holes as remain to be played; -- said ofa player or
side.
DORN,A British ray; the thornback.
DORP,A hamlet. "A mean fishing dorp." Howell.
DORR,The dorbeetle; also, a drone or an idler. See 1st Dor. Robynson(More's
Utopia).
DORRFLY,See 1st Dor.
DORRHAWK,See Dorhawk.
DORSAD,Toward the dorsum or back; on the dorsal side; dorsally.
DORSAL,Pertaining to, or situated near, the back, or dorsum, of ananimal or of one
of its parts; notal; tergal; neural; as, the dorsalfin of a fish; the dorsal artery
of the tongue; -- opposed toventral.
DORSALE,Same as Dorsal, n.
DORSALLY,On, or toward, the dorsum, or back; on the dorsal side of;dorsad.
DORSE,The Baltic or variable cod (Gadus callarias), by some believedto be the young
of the common codfish.
DORSER,See Dosser.
DORSIBRANCHIATA,A division of chætopod annelids in which the branchiæ are alongthe
back, on each side, or on the parapodia. [See Illusts. underAnnelida and
Chætopoda.]
DORSIBRANCHIATE,Having branchiæ along the back; belonging to theDorsibranchiata.--
n.
DORSIFEROUS,Bearing, or producing, on the back; -- applied to ferns whichproduce
seeds on the back of the leaf, and to certain Batrachia, theova of which become
attached to the skin of the back of the parent,where they develop; dorsiparous.
DORSIMESON,(Anat.) See Meson.
DORSIPAROUS,Same as Dorsiferous.
DORSIVENTRAL,Having distinct upper and lower surfaces, as most commonleaves. The
leaves of the iris are not dorsiventral.
DORSOVENTRAL,From the dorsal to the ventral side of an animal; as, thedorsoventral
axis.
DORSUM,The back or dorsal region of an animal; the upper side of anappendage or
part; as, the dorsum of the tongue.
DORY,A European fish. See Doree, and John Doree.
DORYPHORA,A genus of plant-eating beetles, including the potato beetle.See Potato
beetle.
DORYPHOROS,A spear bearer; a statue of a man holding a spear or in theattitude of a
spear bearer. Several important sculptures of thissubject existed in antiquity,
copies of which remain to us.
DOS--DOS,Back to back; as, to sit dos-à-dos in a dogcart; to dance dos-à-dos, or so
that two dancers move forward and pass back to back.
DOSAGE,The administration of medicine in doses; specif., a scheme orsystem of
grading doses of medicine according to age, etc.
DOSEL,Same as Dorsal, n. [R.]
DOSIMETRY,Measurement of doses; specif., a system of therapeutics whichuses but few
remedies, mostly alkaloids, and gives them in dosesfixed by certain rules.
--Do`si*met"ric (#), a. --Do*sim"e*trist (#),n.
DOSOLOGY,Posology. [R.] Ogilvie.
DOSS HOUSE,A cheap lodging house.
DOSS,A place to sleep in; a bed; hence, sleep. [Slang]
DOSSEL,Same as Dorsal, n.
DOSSIER,A bundle containing the papers in reference to some matter.
DOSSIL,A small ovoid or cylindrical roil or pledget of lint, forkeeping a sore,
wound, etc., open; a tent.
DOST,of Do.
DOT,A marriage portion; dowry. [Louisiana]
DOTAL,Pertaining to dower, or a woman's marriage portion;constituting dower, or
comprised in it. Garth.
DOTANT,A dotard. [Obs.] Shak.
DOTARD,One whose mind is impaired by age; one in second childhood.The sickly dotard
wants a wife. Prior.
DOTARDLY,Foolish; weak. Dr. H. More.
DOTARY,A dotard's weakness; dotage. [Obs.] Drayton.
DOTE,Natural endowments. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
DOTEHEAD,A dotard. [R.] Tyndale.
DOTERY,The acts or speech of a dotard; drivel. [R.]
DOTH,of Do.
DOTING,That dotes; silly; excessively fond.-- Dot"ing*ly, adv.-- Dot"ing*ness, n.
DOTISH,Foolish; weak; imbecile. Sir W. Scott.
DOTTARD,An old, decayed tree. [R.] Bacon.
DOTTED,Marked with, or made of, dots or small spots; diversified withsmall,
detached objects. Dotted note (Mus.), a note followed by a dotto indicate an
increase of length equal to one half of its simplevalue; thus, a dotted semibreve
is equal to three minims, and adotted quarter to three eighth notes.-- Dotted rest,
a rest lengthened by a dot in the same manner as adotted note.
DOTTEREL,Decayed. "Some old dotterel trees." [Obs.] Ascham.
DOTTING PEN,See under Pun.
DOTTREL,See Dotterel.
DOTY,Half-rotten; as, doty timber. [Local, U. S.]
DOUANE,A customhouse.
DOUANIER,An officer of the French customs. [Anglicized form douaneer.]
DOUAR,A village composed of Arab tents arranged in streets.
DOUAY BIBLE,A translation of the Scriptures into the English language forthe use of
English-speaking Roman Catholics; -- done from the LatinVulgate by English scholars
resident in France. The New Testamentportion was published at Rheims, A. D. 1582,
the Old Testament atDouai, A. D. 1609-10. Various revised editions have since
beenpublished. [Written also Doway Bible. Called also the Rheims andDouay version.]
DOUB GRASS,Doob grass.
DOUBLE DEALER,One who practices double dealing; a deceitful, trickish
person.L'Estrange.
DOUBLE DEALING,False or deceitful dealing. See Double dealing, under Dealing.Shak.
DOUBLE PEDRO,Cinch (the game).
DOUBLE,Having the petals in a flower considerably increased beyond thenatural
number, usually as the result of cultivation and the expenseof the stamens, or
stamens and pistils. The white water lily and someother plants have their blossoms
naturally double.
DOUBLE-ACTING,Acting or operating in two directions or with both motions;producing
a twofold result; as, a double-acting engine or pump.
DOUBLE-BANK,To row by rowers sitting side by side in twos on a bank orthwart. To
double-bank an oar, to set two men to pulling one oar.
DOUBLE-BANKED,Applied to a kind of rowing in which the rowers sit side byside in
twos, a pair of oars being worked from each bank or thwart.
DOUBLE-BEAT VALVE,See under Valve.
DOUBLE-BREASTED,Folding or lapping over on the breast, with a row of buttonsand
buttonholes on each side; as, a double-breasted coat.
DOUBLE-DECKER,A man-of-war having two gun decks.
DOUBLE-DYE,To dye again or twice over.To double-dye their robes in scarlet. J.
Webster.
DOUBLE-DYED,Dyed twice; thoroughly or intensely colored; hence; firmlyfixed in
opinions or habits; as, a double-dyed villain.
DOUBLE-ENDER,A locomotive with pilot at each end. Knight.
DOUBLE-ENTENDRE,A word or expression admitting of a double interpretation, oneof
which is often obscure or indelicate.
DOUBLE-EYED,Having a deceitful look. [R.] "Deceitful meanings is double-eyed."
Spenser.
DOUBLE-HEADED,Having two heads; bicipital. Double-headed rail (Railroad), arail
whose flanges are duplicates, so that when one is worn the othermay be turned
uppermost.
DOUBLE-HUNG,Having both sashes hung with weights and cords; -- said of awindow.
DOUBLE-LOCK,To lock with two bolts; to fasten with double security. Tatler.
DOUBLE-MILLED,Twice milled or fulled, to render more compact or fine; -- saidof
cloth; as, double-milled kerseymere.
DOUBLE-QUICK,Of, or performed in, the fastest time or step in marching, nextto the
run; as, a double-quick step or march.
DOUBLE-RIPPER,A kind of coasting sled, made of two sleds fastened togetherwith a
board, one before the other. [Local, U. S.]
DOUBLE-SHADE,To double the natural darkness of (a place). Milton.
DOUBLE-SURFACED,Having two surfaces; -- said specif. of aëroplane wings
oraërocurves which are covered on both sides with fabric, etc., thuscompletely
inclosing their frames.
DOUBLE-TONGUE,Deceit; duplicity.Now cometh the sin of double-tongue, such as speak
fair before folkand wickedly behind. Chaucer.
DOUBLE-TONGUED,Making contrary declarations on the same subject; deceitful.Likewise
must the deacons be grave, not double-tongued. 1 Tim. iii.8.
DOUBLE-TONGUING,A peculiar action of the tongue by flute players inarticulating
staccato notes; also, the rapid repetition of notes incornet playing.
DOUBLEGANGER,An apparition or double of a living person; a doppelgänger.
DOUBLEHEARTED,Having a false heart; deceitful; treacherous. Sandys.
DOUBLEMINDED,Having different minds at different times; unsettled;undetermined.A
double-minded man is unstable in all his ways. Jas. i. 8.
DOUBLER,An instrument for augmenting a very small quantity ofelectricity, so as to
render it manifest by sparks or theelectroscope.
DOUBLET,A word or words unintentionally doubled or set up a secondtime.
DOUBLETHREADED,Having two screw threads instead of one; -- said of a screw inwhich
the pitch is equal to twice the distance between the centers ofadjacent threads.
DOUBLETREE,The bar, or crosspiece, of a carriage, to which the singletreesare
attached.
DOUBLETS,See Doublet, 6 and 7.
DOUBLING,The lining of the mantle borne about the shield or escutcheon.
DOUBLOON,A Spanish gold coin, no longer issued, varying in value atdifferent times
from over fifteen dollars to about five. See Doblonin Sup.
DOUBTANCE,State of being in doubt; uncertainty; doubt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DOUBTER,One who doubts; one whose opinion is unsettled; one whoscruples.
DOUBTFULLY,In a doubtful manner.Nor did the goddess doubtfully declare. Dryden.
DOUBTING,That is uncertain; that distrusts or hesitates; having doubts.--
Doubt"ing*ly, adv.
DOUBTLESS,Free from fear or suspicion. [Obs.]Pretty child, sleep doubtless and
secure. Shak.
DOUBTLESSLY,Unquestionably. Beau. & Fl.
DOUBTOUS,Doubtful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DOUC,A monkey (Semnopithecus nemæus), remarkable for its varied andbrilliant
colors. It is a native of Cochin China.
DOUCEPERE,One of the twelve peers of France, companions of Charlemagne inwar.
[Written also douzepere.] [Obs.]Big-looking like a doughty doucepere. Spenser.
DOUCHE,A syringe.
DOUCINE,Same as Cyma, under Cyma.
DOUCKER,A grebe or diver; -- applied also to the golden-eye, pochard,scoter, and
other ducks. [Written also ducker.] [Prov. Eng.]
DOUGH-BAKED,Imperfectly baked; hence, not brought to perfection;unfinished; also,
of weak or dull understanding. [Colloq.] Halliwell.
DOUGH-FACED,Easily molded; pliable.
DOUGH-KNEADED,Like dough; soft.He demeans himself . . . like a dough-kneaded thing.
Milton.
DOUGHBIRD,The Eskimo curlew (Numenius borealis). See Curlew.
DOUGHFACE,A contemptuous nickname for a timid, yielding politician, orone who is
easily molded. [Political cant, U. S.]
DOUGHFACEISM,The character of a doughface; truckling pliability.
DOUGHINESS,The quality or state of being doughy.
DOUGHNUT,A small cake (usually sweetened) fried in a kettle of boilinglard.
DOUGHTILY,In a doughty manner.
DOUGHTINESS,The quality of being doughty; valor; bravery.
DOUGHTREN,Daughters. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DOUGHTY,Able; strong; valiant; redoubtable; as, a doughty hero.Sir Thopas wex
[grew] a doughty swain. Chaucer.Doughty families, hugging old musty quarrels to
their hearts, buffeteach other from generation to generation. Motley.
DOUGHY,Like dough; soft and heavy; pasty; crude; flabby and pale; as,a doughy
complexion.
DOULOCRACY,A government by slaves. [Written also dulocracy.] Hare.
DOUM PALM,See Doom palm.
DOUPE,The carrion crow. [Written also dob.] [Prov. Eng.]
DOUR,Hard; inflexible; obstinate; sour in aspect; hardy; bold.[Scot.]A dour wife, a
sour old carlin. C. Reade.
DOURA,A kind of millet. See Durra.
DOUROUCOULI,See Durukuli.
DOUSE,To strike or lower in haste; to slacken suddenly; as, douse thetopsail.
DOUSING-CHOCK,One of several pieces fayed across the apron and lapped in
theknightheads, or inside planking above the upper deck. Ham. Nav.Encyc.
DOUT,To put out. [Obs.] "It douts the light." Sylvester.
DOUTER,An extinguisher for candles. [Obs.]
DOVE PLANT,A Central American orchid (Peristeria elata), having a flowerstem five
or six feet high, with numerous globose white fragrantflowers. The column in the
center of the flower resembles a dove; --called also Holy Spirit plant.
DOVE,A pigeon of the genus Columba and various related genera. Thespecies are
numerous.
DOVE-EYED,Having eyes like a dove; meekeyed; as, dove-eyed Peace.
DOVEKIE,A guillemot (Uria grylle), of the arctic regions. Also appliedto the little
auk or sea dove. See under Dove.
DOVELET,A young or small dove. Booth.
DOVELIKE,Mild as a dove; gentle; pure and lovable. Longfellow.
DOVESHIP,The possession of dovelike qualities, harmlessness andinnocence. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
DOVETAIL,A flaring tenon, or tongue (shaped like a bird's tail spread),and a
mortise, or socket, into which it fits tightly, making aninterlocking joint between
two pieces which resists pulling a part inall directions except one. Dovetail
molding (Arch.), a molding of anyconvex section arranged in a sort of zigzag, like
a series ofdovetails.-- Dovetail saw (Carp.), a saw used in dovetailing.
DOVISH,Like a dove; harmless; innocent. "Joined with dovishsimplicity." Latimer.
DOW,A kind of vessel. See Dhow.
DOWABLE,Capable of being endowed; entitled to dower. Blackstone.
DOWAGER,A widow endowed, or having a jointure; a widow who eitherenjoys a dower
from her deceased husband, or has property of her ownbrought by her to her husband
on marriage, and settled on her afterhis decease. Blount. Burrill.
DOWAGERISM,The rank or condition of a dowager; formality, as that of adowager. Also
used figuratively.Mansions that have passed away into dowagerism. Thackeray.
DOWCET,One of the testicles of a hart or stag. [Spelt also doucet.] B.Jonson.
DOWDY,Showing a vulgar taste in dress; awkward and slovenly in dress;vulgar-
looking.-- Dow"di*ly, adv.-- Dow"di*ness, n.
DOWDYISH,Like a dowdy.
DOWEL,To fasten together by dowels; to furnish with dowels; as, acooper dowels
pieces for the head of a cask.
DOWER,That portion of the real estate of a man which his widow enjoysduring her
life, or to which a woman is entitled after the death ofher husband. Blackstone.
DOWERED,Furnished with, or as with, dower or a marriage portion. Shak.
DOWERLESS,Destitute of dower; having no marriage portion. Shak.
DOWERY,See Dower.
DOWITCHER,The red-breasted or gray snipe (Macrorhamphus griseus); --called also
brownback, and grayback.
DOWL,Same as Dowle.
DOWLAS,A coarse linen cloth made in the north of England and inScotland, now nearly
replaced by calico. Shak.
DOWLE,Feathery or wool-like down; filament of a feather. Shak.No feather, or dowle
of a feather. De Quincey.
DOWN,To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down. [R.] Young.
DOWN-SHARE,A breastplow used in paring off turf on downs. [Eng.] Knight.
DOWN-WIND,With the wind.
DOWNBEAR,To bear down; to depress.
DOWNCAST,Cast downward; directed to the ground, from bashfulness,modesty,
dejection, or guilt.'T is love, said she; and then my downcast eyes, And guilty
dumbness,witnessed my surprise. Dryden.- Down"cast`ly, adv.-- Down"cast`ness, n.
DOWNCOME,A pipe for leading combustible gases downward from the top ofthe blast
furnace to the hot-blast stoves, boilers, etc., where theyare burned.
DOWNFALLEN,Fallen; ruined. Carew.
DOWNFALLING,Falling down.
DOWNGYVED,Hanging down like gyves or fetters. [Poetic & Rare] Shak.
DOWNHAUL,A rope to haul down, or to assist in hauling down, a sail; as,a staysail
downhaul; a trysail downhaul.
DOWNHEARTED,Dejected; low-spirited.
DOWNHILL,Towards the bottom of a hill; as, water runs downhill.
DOWNINESS,The quality or state of being downy.
DOWNLOOKED,Having a downcast countenance; dejected; gloomy; sullen. [R.]Dryden.
DOWNLYING,The time of retiring to rest; time of repose. Cavendish. At thedownlying,
at the travail in childbirth. [Scot.]
DOWNPOUR,A pouring or streaming downwards; esp., a heavy or continuousshower.
DOWNSITTING,The act of sitting down; repose; a resting.Thou knowest my downsitting
and my uprising. Ps. cxxxix. 2.
DOWNSTAIRS,Down the stairs; to a lower floor.-- a.
DOWNSTEEPY,Very steep. [Obs.] Florio.
DOWNSTREAM,Down the stream; as, floating downstream.
DOWNSTROKE,A stroke made with a downward motion of the pen or pencil.
DOWNTHROW,The sudden drop or depression of the strata of rocks on oneside of a
fault. See Throw, n.
DOWNWEED,Cudweed, a species of Gnaphalium.
DOWNWEIGH,To weigh or press down.A different sin downweighs them to the bottom.
Longfellow.
DOWRAL,Of or relating to a dower. [R.]
DOWRESS,A woman entitled to dower. Bouvier.
DOWSE,To beat or thrash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
DOWST,A dowse. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
DOWVE,A dove. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DOXOLOGICAL,Pertaining to doxology; giving praise to God. Howell.
DOXOLOGIZE,To give glory to God, as in a doxology; to praise God withdoxologies.
DOXOLOGY,In Christian worship: A hymn expressing praise and honor toGod; a form of
praise to God designed to be sung or chanted by thechoir or the congregation.David
breaks forth into these triumphant praises and doxologies.South.
DOXY,A loose wench; a disreputable sweetheart. Shak.
DOYEN,Lit., a dean; the senior member of a body or group; as, thedoyen of French
physicians. "This doyen of newspapers." A. R.Colquhoun.
DOYLY,See Doily.
DOZE,To slumber; to sleep lightly; to be in a dull or stupefiedcondition, as if
half asleep; to be drowsy.If he happened to doze a little, the jolly cobbler waked
him.L'Estrange.
DOZENTH,Twelfth. [R.]
DOZER,One who dozes or drowses.
DOZINESS,The state of being dozy; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.
DOZY,Drowsy; inclined to doze; sleepy; sluggish; as, a dozy head.Dryden.
DOZZLED,Stupid; heavy. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
DRAB,To associate with strumpets; to wench. Beau. & Fl.
DRABBER,One who associates with drabs; a wencher. Massinger.
DRABBET,A coarse linen fabric, or duck.
DRABBISH,Somewhat drab in color.
DRABBLE,To draggle; to wet and befoul by draggling; as, to drabble agown or cloak.
Halliwell.
DRABBLE-TAIL,A draggle-tail; a slattern. Halliwell.
DRABBLER,A piece of canvas fastened by lacing to the bonnet of a sail,to give it a
greater depth, or more drop.
DRACAENA,A genus of liliaceous plants with woody stems and funnel-shapedflowers.
DRACANTH,A kind of gum; -- called also gum tragacanth, or tragacanth.See
Tragacanth.
DRACHME,See Drachma.
DRACIN,See Draconin.
DRACO,The Dragon, a northern constellation within which is the northpole of the
ecliptic.
DRACONIAN,Pertaining to Draco, a famous lawgiver of Athens, 621 b. c.Draconian
code, or Draconian laws, a code of laws made by Draco.Their measures were so severe
that they were said to be written inletters of blood; hence, any laws of excessive
rigor.
DRACONIC,Relating to Draco, the Athenian lawgiver; or to theconstellation Draco; or
to dragon's blood.
DRACONIN,A red resin forming the essential basis of dragon's blood; --called also
dracin.
DRACONTIC,Belonging to that space of time in which the moon performs onerevolution,
from ascending node to ascending node. See Dragon's head,under Dragon. [Obs.]
"Dracontic month." Crabb.
DRACONTINE,Belonging to a dragon. Southey.
DRAD,Dreaded. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRADDE,of Dread. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRADGE,Inferior ore, separated from the better by cobbing. Raymond.
DRAFF,Refuse; lees; dregs; the wash given to swine or cows; hogwash;waste
matter.Prodigals lately come from swine keeping, from eating draff andhusks.
Shak.The draff and offal of a bygone age. Buckle.Mere chaff and draff, much better
burnt. Tennyson.
DRAFFISH,Worthless; draffy. Bale.
DRAFFY,Dreggy; waste; worthless.The dregs and draffy part. Beau. & Fl.
DRAFTSMAN,See Draughtsman.
DRAG,A confection; a comfit; a drug. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRAGANTINE,A mucilage obtained from, or containing, gun tragacanth.
DRAGBAR,Same as Drawbar (b). Called also draglink, and drawlink. [U.S.]
DRAGBOLT,A coupling pin. See under Coupling. [U. S.]
DRAGEES,Sugar-coated medicines.
DRAGGLE,To wet and soil by dragging on the ground, mud, or wet grass;to drabble; to
trail. Gray.With draggled nets down-hanging to the tide. Trench.
DRAGGLE-TAIL,A slattern who suffers her gown to trail in the mire; adrabble-tail.
DRAGGLE-TAILED,Untidy; sluttish; slatternly. W. Irving.
DRAGMAN,A fisherman who uses a dragnet. Sir M. Hale.
DRAGNET,A net to be drawn along the bottom of a body of water, as infishing.
DRAGOMAN,An interpreter; -- so called in the Levant and other parts ofthe East.
DRAGON,A fabulous animal, generally represented as a monstrous wingedserpent or
lizard, with a crested head and enormous claws, andregarded as very powerful and
ferocious.The dragons which appear in early paintings and sculptures areinvariably
representations of a winged crocodile. Fairholt.
DRAGONET,A small British marine fish (Callionymuslyra); -- called alsoyellow
sculpin, fox, and gowdie.
DRAGONISH,resembling a dragon. Shak.
DRAGONLIKE,Like a dragon. Shak.
DRAGONNADE,The severe persecution of French Protestants under Louis XIV.,by an
armed force, usually of dragoons; hence, a rapid anddevastating incursion;
dragoonade.He learnt it as he watched the dragonnades, the tortures, themassacres
of the Netherlands. C. Kingsley.
DRAGOON,Formerly, a soldier who was taught and armed to serve either onhorseback or
on foot; now, a mounted soldier; a cavalry man.
DRAGOONADE,See Dragonnade.
DRAGOONER,A dragoon. [Obs.]
DRAIL,To trail; to draggle. [Obs.] South.
DRAIN,The grain from the mashing tub; as, brewers' drains. [Eng.]Halliwell. Box
drain, Counter drain. See under Box, Counter.-- Right of drain (Law), an easement
or servitude by which one manhas a right to convey water in pipes through or over
the estate ofanother. Kent.
DRAINABLE,Capable of being drained.
DRAINAGE,The system of drains and their operation, by which superfluouswater is
removed from towns, railway beds, mines, and other works.
DRAINE,The missel thrush.
DRAINER,One who, or that which, drains.
DRAINING,The art of carrying off surplus water, as from land. Drainingtile. Same as
Draintile.
DRAINPIPE,A pipe used for carrying off surplus water.
DRAINTILE,A hollow tile used in making drains; -- called also drainingtile.
DRAINTRAP,See 4th Trap, 5.
DRAKE,The drake fly.The drake will mount steeple height into the air. Walton.Drake
fly, a kind of fly, sometimes used in angling.The dark drake fly, good in August.
Walton.
DRAKESTONE,A flat stone so thrown along the surface of water as to skipfrom point
to point before it sinks; also, the sport of so throwingstones; -- sometimes called
ducks and drakes.Internal earthquakes, that, not content with one throe, run
alongspasmodically, like boys playing at what is called drakestone. DeQuincey.
DRAM,A Persian daric. Ezra ii. 69. Fluid dram, or Fluid drachm. Seeunder Fluid.
DRAMA,Of or pertaining to the drama; appropriate to, or having thequalities of, a
drama; theatrical; vivid.The emperor . . . performed his part with much dramatic
effect.Motley.
DRAMATICALLY,In a dramatic manner; theatrically; vividly.
DRAMATIS PERSONAE,The actors in a drama or play.
DRAMATIST,The author of a dramatic composition; a writer of plays.
DRAMATIZABLE,Capable of being dramatized.
DRAMATIZATION,Act of dramatizing.
DRAMATIZE,To compose in the form of the drama; to represent in a drama;to adapt to
dramatic representation; as, to dramatize a novel, or anhistorical episode.They
dramatized tyranny for public execration. Motley.
DRAMATURGIC,Relating to dramaturgy.
DRAMATURGIST,One versed in dramaturgy. Carlyle.
DRAMATURGY,The art of dramatic composition and representation.
DRAMMING,The practice of drinking drams.
DRAMSELLER,One who sells distilled liquors by the dram or glass.
DRAMSHOP,A shop or barroom where spirits are sold by the dram.
DRANK,of Drink.
DRAPER,One who sells cloths; a dealer in cloths; as, a draper andtailor.
DRAPERIED,Covered or supplied with drapery. [R.] Byron.
DRAPET,Cloth. [Obs.] Spenser.
DRASTIC,Acting rapidly and violently; efficacious; powerful; -- opposedto bland;
as, drastic purgatives.-- n. (Med.)
DRASTY,Filthy; worthless. [Obs.] "Drasty ryming." Chaucer.
DRAUGH,See Draft. [Obs.]
DRAUGHT,The act of selecting or detaching soldiers; a draft (see Draft,n., 2)(g)
The act of drawing up, marking out, or delineating;representation. Dryden.
DRAUGHTBOARD,A checkered board on which draughts are played. SeeCheckerboard.
DRAUGHTHOUSE,A house for the reception of waste matter; a privy. [Obs.] 2Kings x.
27.
DRAUGHTS,A mild vesicatory. See Draught, n., 3 (c).
DRAUGHTSMANSHIP,The office, art, or work of a draughtsman.
DRAUGHTY,Pertaining to a draught, or current of air; as, a draughtly,comfortless
room.
DRAVE,, old imp. of Drive. [Obs.]
DRAVIDA,A race Hindostan, believed to be the original people whooccupied the land
before the Hindoo or Aryan invasion.
DRAVIDIAN,Of or pertaining to the Dravida. Dravidian languages, a groupof languages
of Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms ofthe natives, before the
invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Ofthese languages, the Tamil is the most
important.
DRAW,To have efficiency as an epispastic; to act as a sinapism; --said of a
blister, poultice, etc.
DRAW-CUT,A single cut with a knife.
DRAWABLE,Capable of being drawn.
DRAWBACK,Money paid back or remitted; especially, a certain amount ofduties or
customs, sometimes the whole, and sometimes only a part,remitted or paid back by
the government, on the exportation of thecommodities on which they were levied. M
DRAWBENCH,A machine in which strips of metal are drawn through adrawplate;
especially, one in which wire is thus made; -- also calleddrawing bench.
DRAWBOLT,A coupling pin. See under Coupling.
DRAWBORE,A hole bored through a tenon nearer to the shoulder than theholes through
the cheeks are to the edge or abutment against whichthe shoulder is to rest, so
that a pin or bolt, when driven into it,will draw these parts together. Weale.
DRAWBOY,A boy who operates the harness cords of a hand loom; also, apart of power
loom that performs the same office.
DRAWBRIDGE,A bridge of which either the whole or a part is made to beraised up, let
down, or drawn or turned aside, to admit or hindercommunication at pleasure, as
before the gate of a town or castle, orover a navigable river or canal.
DRAWCANSIR,A blustering, bullying fellow; a pot-valiant braggart; a bully.The
leader was of an ugly look and gigantic stature; he acted like adrawcansir, sparing
neither friend nor foe. Addison.
DRAWEE,The person on whom an order or bill of exchange is drawn; --the correlative
of drawer.
DRAWER,An under-garment worn on the lower limbs. Chest of drawers. Seeunder Chest.
DRAWFILING,The process of smooth filing by working the file sidewiseinstead of
lengthwise.
DRAWGEAR,The means or parts by which cars are connected to be drawn.
DRAWGLOVES,An old game, played by holding up the fingers. Herrick.
DRAWHEAD,The flanged outer end of a drawbar; also, a name applied to thedrawgear.
DRAWING,The process of pulling out and elongating the sliver from thecarding
machine, by revolving rollers, to prepare it for spinning.
DRAWL,To utter in a slow, lengthened tone.
DRAWLATCH,A housebreaker or thief. [Obs.] Old Play (1631).
DRAWLING,The act of speaking with a drawl; a drawl.-- Drawl"ing*ly, adv. Bacon.
DRAWLINK,Same as Drawbar (b).
DRAWN,See Draw, v. t. & i. Drawn butter, butter melter and preparedto be used as a
sort of gravy.-- Drawn fowl, an eviscerated fowl.-- Drawn game or battle, one in
which neither party wins; oneequally contested.-- Drawn fox, one driven from cover.
Shak.-- Drawn work, ornamental work made by drawing out threads from finecloth, and
uniting the cross threads, to form a pattern.
DRAWNET,A net for catching the larger sorts of birds; also, a dragnet.Crabb.
DRAWPLATE,A hardened steel plate having a hole, or a gradation of conicalholes,
through which wires are drawn to be reduced and elongated.
DRAWROD,A rod which unites the drawgear at opposite ends of the car,and bears the
pull required to draw the train.
DRAWSHAVE,See Drawing knife.
DRAWSPRING,The spring to which a drawbar is attached.
DRAY,A squirrel's nest. Cowper.
DRAYMAN,A man who attends a dray.
DRAZEL,A slut; a vagabond wench. Same as Drossel. [Obs.] Hudibras.
DREAD,To fear in a great degree; to regard, or look forward to, withterrific
apprehension.When at length the moment dreaded through so many years came close,the
dark cloud passed away from Johnson's mind. Macaulay.
DREAD-BOLTED,Armed with dreaded bolts. "Dread-bolted thunder." [Poetic]Shak.
DREADABLE,Worthy of being dreaded.
DREADER,One who fears, or lives in fear.
DREADFULLY,In a dreadful manner; terribly. Dryden.
DREADFULNESS,The quality of being dreadful.
DREADINGLY,With dread. Warner.
DREADLESS,Without doubt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DREADLESSNESS,Freedom from dread.
DREADLY,Dreadful. [Obs.] "Dreadly spectacle." Spenser.-- adv.
DREAM,To have a dream of; to see, or have a vision of, in sleep, orin idle fancy;
-- often followed by an objective clause.Your old men shall dream dreams. Acts ii.
17.At length in sleep their bodies they compose, And dreamt the futurefight.
Dryden.And still they dream that they shall still succeed. Cowper.To dream away,
out, through, etc., to pass in revery or inaction; tospend in idle vagaries; as, to
dream away an hour; to dream throughlife. " Why does Antony dream out his hours"
Dryden.
DREAMFUL,Full of dreams. " Dreamful ease." Tennyson.-- Dream"ful*ly, adv.
DREAMILY,As if in a dream; softly; slowly; languidly. Longfellow.
DREAMINESS,The state of being dreamy.
DREAMINGLY,In a dreamy manner.
DREAMLAND,An unreal, delightful country such as in sometimes pictured indreams;
region of fancies; fairyland.[He] builds a bridge from dreamland for his lay.
Lowell.
DREAMLESS,Free from, or without, dreams. Camden.-- Dream"less*ly, adv.
DREAMY,Abounding in dreams or given to dreaming; appropriate to, orlike, dreams;
visionary. "The dreamy dells." Tennyson.
DREAR,Dismal; gloomy with solitude. "A drear and dying sound."Milton.
DREARILY,Gloomily; dismally.
DREARIMENT,Dreariness. [Obs.] Spenser.
DREARING,Sorrow. [Obs.] Spenser.
DREARISOME,Very dreary. Halliwell.
DRECCHE,To delay. [Obs.] Gower.
DREDGE,Very fine mineral matter held in suspension in water. Raymond.
DREDGER,A box with holes in its lid; -- used for sprinkling flour, ason meat or a
breadboard; -- called also dredging box, drudger, anddrudging box.
DREE,To endure; to suffer. [Scot.]
DREG,Corrupt or defiling matter contained in a liquid, orprecipitated from it;
refuse; feculence; lees; grounds; sediment;hence, the vilest and most worthless
part of anything; as, the dregsof society.We, the dregs and rubbish of mankind.
Dryden.
DREGGINESS,Fullness of dregs or lees; foulness; feculence.
DREGGISH,Foul with lees; feculent. Harvey.
DREGGY,Containing dregs or lees; muddy; foul; feculent. Boyle.
DREIBUND,A triple alliance; specif., the alliance of Germany, Austria,and Italy,
formed in 1882.
DREIN,To drain. [Obs.] Congreve.
DREISSENA,A genus of bivalve shells of which one species (D. polymorpha)is often so
abundant as to be very troublesome in the fresh waters ofEurope.
DRENCH,A drink; a draught; specifically, a potion of medicine pouredor forced down
the throat; also, a potion that causes purging. "Adrench of wine." Dryden.Give my
roan horse a drench. Shak.
DRENCHE,To drown. [Obs.]In the sea he drenched. Chaucer.
DRENGAGE,The tenure by which a drench held land. [Obs.] Burrill.
DRENT,Drenched; drowned. [Obs.] "Condemned to be drent." Spenser.
DRESDEN WARE,A superior kind of decorated porcelain made near Dresden inSaxony.
DRESS CIRCLE,A gallery or circle in a theater, generally the first above thefloor,
in which originally dress clothes were customarily worn.
DRESS COAT,A coat with skirts behind only, as distinct from the frockcoat, of which
the skirts surround the body. It is worn on occasionsof ceremony. The dress coat of
officers of the United States army isa full-skirted frock coat.
DRESS GOODS,A term applied to fabrics for the gowns of women and girls; --most
commonly to fabrics of mixed materials, but also applicable tosilks, printed
linens, and calicoes.
DRESS,To arrange in exact continuity of line, as soldiers; commonlyto adjust to a
straight line and at proper distance; to align; as, todress the ranks.
DRESSER,A kind of pick for shaping large coal.
DRESSINESS,The state of being dressy.
DRESSING,An application (a remedy, bandage, etc.) to a sore or wound.Wiseman.
DRESSMAKER,A maker of gowns, or similar garments; a mantuamaker.
DRESSMAKING,The art, process, or occupation, of making dresses.
DRESSY,Showy in dress; attentive to dress.A dressy flaunting maidservant. T. Hook.A
neat, dressy gentleman in black. W. Irving.
DREST,of Dress.
DRETCH,See Drecche. [Obs.]
DREUL,To drool. [Obs.]
DREVIL,A fool; a drudge. See Drivel.
DREW,of Draw.
DREY,A squirrel's nest. See Dray. [Obs.]
DREYE,Dry. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRIB,To do by little and little; as:(a) To cut off by a little at a time; to crop.
(b) To appropriate unlawfully; to filch; to defalcate.He who drives their bargain
dribs a part. Dryden.
DRIBBER,One who dribs; one who shoots weakly or badly. [Obs.] Ascham.
DRIBBLE,To let fall in drops.Let the cook . . . dribble it all the way upstairs.
Swift.
DRIBBLER,One who dribbles.
DRIE,To endure. [Obs.]So causeless such drede for to drie. Chaucer.
DRIED,of Day. Also adj.; as, dried apples.
DRIER,Drying oil; a substance mingled with the oil used in oilpainting to make it
dry quickly.
DRIFT,The horizontal thrust or pressure of an arch or vault upon theabutments. [R.]
Knight.
DRIFTBOLT,A bolt for driving out other bolts.
DRIFTLESS,Having no drift or direction; without aim; purposeless.
DRIFTPIECE,An upright or curved piece of timber connecting the plank sheerwith the
gunwale; also, a scroll terminating a rail.
DRIFTPIN,A smooth drift. See Drift, n., 9.
DRIFTWAY,Same as Drift, 11.
DRIFTWEED,Seaweed drifted to the shore by the wind. Darwin.
DRIFTWIND,A driving wind; a wind that drives snow, sand, etc., intoheaps. Beau. &
Fl.
DRIFTY,Full of drifts; tending to form drifts, as snow, and the like.
DRILL PRESS,A machine for drilling holes in metal, the drill being pressedto the
metal by the action of a screw.
DRILL,To practice an exercise or exercises; to train one's self.
DRILLER,One who, or that which, drills.
DRILLING,The act of using a drill in sowing seeds.
DRILLMASTER,One who teaches drill, especially in the way of gymnastics.Macaulay.
DRILLSTOCK,A contrivance for holding and turning a drill. Knight.
DRILY,See Dryly. Thackeray.
DRIMYS,A genus of magnoliaceous trees. Drimys aromatica furnishesWinter's bark.
DRINKABLE,Capable of being drunk; suitable for drink; potable. Macaulay.Also used
substantively, esp. in the plural. Steele.
DRINKABLENESS,State of being drinkable.
DRINKER,One who drinks; as, the effects of tea on the drinker; also,one who drinks
spirituous liquors to excess; a drunkard. Drinker moth(Zoöl.), a large British moth
(Odonestis potatoria).
DRINKLESS,Destitute of drink. Chaucer.
DRIP,To let fall in drops.Which from the thatch drips fast a shower of rain. Swift.
DRIPPLE,Weak or rare. [Obs.]
DRIPSTONE,A drip, when made of stone. See Drip, 2.
DRIVE,To dig Horizontally; to cut a horizontal gallery or tunnel.Tomlinson.
DRIVEBOLT,A drift; a tool for setting bolts home.
DRIVEL,To be weak or foolish; to dote; as, a driveling hero; drivelinglove. Shak.
Dryden.
DRIVELER,A slaverer; a slabberer; an idiot; a fool. [Written alsodriveller.]
DRIVEN,of Drive. Also adj. Driven well, a well made by driving a tubeinto the earth
to an aqueous stratum; -- called also drive well.
DRIVEPIPE,A pipe for forcing into the earth.
DRIVER,A part that transmits motion to another part by contact withit, or through
an intermediate relatively movable part, as a gearwhich drives another, or a lever
which moves another through a link,etc. Specifically:(a) The driving wheel of a
locomotive.(b) An attachment to a lathe, spindle, or face plate to turn acarrier.
(c) A crossbar on a grinding mill spindle to drive the upper stone.
DRIVEWAY,A passage or way along or through which a carriage may bedriven.
DRIZZLE,To rain slightly in very small drops; to fall, as water fromthe clouds,
slowly and in fine particles; as, it drizzles; drizzlingdrops or rain. "Drizzling
tears." Spenser.
DRIZZLY,Characterized by small rain, or snow; moist and disagreeable."Winter's
drizzly reign." Dryden.
DROCK,A water course. [Prov. Eng.]
DROGHER,A small craft used in the West India Islands to take offsugars, rum, etc.,
to the merchantmen; also, a vessel fortransporting lumber, cotton, etc., coastwise;
as, a lumber drogher.[Written also droger.] Ham. Nar. Encyc.
DROGUE,See Drag, n.,
DROH,of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DROIL,To work sluggishly or slowly; to plod. [Obs.]
DROIT,A right; law in its aspect of the foundation of rights; also,in old law, the
writ of right. Abbott. Droit d'aubaine. See underAubaine.-- Droits of the Admiralty
(Eng. Law), rights or perquisites of theAdmiralty, arising from seizure of an
enemy's ships in port on thebreaking out of war, or those coming into port in
ignorance ofhostilities existing, or from such ships as are taken bynoncommissioned
captors; also, the proceeds of wrecks, and derelictproperty at sea. The droits of
admiralty are now paid into theExchequer for the public benefit.
DROITURAL,relating to the mere right of property, as distinguished fromthe right of
possession; as, droitural actions. [Obs.] Burrill.
DROITZSCHKA,See Drosky.
DROLL,Queer, and fitted to provoke laughter; ludicrous from oddity;amusing and
strange.
DROLLER,A jester; a droll. [Obs.] Glanvill.
DROLLINGLY,In a jesting manner.
DROLLISH,Somewhat droll. Sterne.
DROLLIST,A droll. [R.] Glanvill.
DROMAEOGNATHOUS,Having the structure of the palate like that of the ostrich andemu.
DROMATHERIUM,A small extinct triassic mammal from North Carolina, theearliest yet
found in America.
DROME,The crab plover (Dromas ardeola), a peculiar North Africanbird, allied to the
oyster catcher.
DROMEDARY,The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius), having one hump orprotuberance
on the back, in distinction from the Bactrian camel,which has two humps.
DRONE BEE,The male of the honeybee; a drone.
DRONE FLY,A dipterous insect (Eristalis tenax), resembling the drone bee.See
Eristalis.
DRONE,The male of bees, esp. of the honeybee. It gathers no honey.See Honeybee.All
with united force combine to drive The lazy drones from thelaborious hive. Dryden.
DRONEPIPE,One of the low-toned tubes of a bagpipe.
DRONGO,A passerine bird of the family Dicruridæ. They are usuallyblack with a
deeply forked tail. They are natives of Asia, Africa,and Australia; -- called also
drongo shrikes.
DRONISH,Like a drone; indolent; slow. Burke.-- Dron"ish*ly, adv.-- Dron"ish*ness,
n.
DRONKELEWE,Given to drink; drunken. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRONTE,The dodo.
DRONY,Like a drone; sluggish; lazy.
DROOL,To drivel, or drop saliva; as, the child drools.His mouth drooling with
texts. T. Parker.
DROOP,To let droop or sink. [R.] M. Arnold.Like to a withered vine That droops his
sapless branches to theground. Shak.
DROOPER,One who, or that which, droops.
DROOPINGLY,In a drooping manner.
DROP,Any medicine the dose of which is measured by drops; as,lavender drops.
DROPLET,A little drop; a tear. Shak.
DROPLIGHT,An apparatus for bringing artificial light down from achandelier nearer
to a table or desk; a pendant.
DROPPER,A branch vein which drops off from, or leaves, the main lode.
DROPPING,That which falls in drops; the excrement or dung of animals.Dropping
bottle, an instrument used to supply small quantities of afluid to a test tube or
other vessel.-- Dropping fire, a continued irregular discharge of firearms.--
Dropping tube, a tube for ejecting any liquid in drops.
DROPPINGLY,In drops.
DROPSICALNESS,State of being dropsical.
DROPSIED,Diseased with drops. Shak.
DROPSY,An unnatural collection of serous fluid in any serous cavity ofthe body, or
in the subcutaneous cellular tissue. Dunglison.
DROPT,imp. & p. p. of Drop, v. G. Eliot.
DROPWISE,After the manner of a drop; in the form of drops.Trickling dropwise from
the cleft. Tennyson.
DROPWORM,The larva of any geometrid moth, which drops from trees bymeans of a
thread of silk, as the cankerworm.
DROPWORT,An Old World species of Spiræa (S. filipendula), with finelycut leaves.
DROSERA,A genus of low perennial or biennial plants, the leaves ofwhich are beset
with gland-tipped bristles. See Sundew. Gray.
DROSKY,A low, four-wheeled, open carriage, used in Russia, consistingof a kind of
long, narrow bench, on which the passengers ride as on asaddle, with their feet
reaching nearly to the ground. Other kinds ofvehicles are now so called, esp. a
kind of victoria drawn by one ortwo horses, and used as a public carriage in German
cities. [Writtenalso droitzschka, and droschke.]
DROSOMETER,An instrument for measuring the quantity of dew on the surfaceof a body
in the open air. It consists of a balance, having a plateat one end to receive the
dew, and at the other a weight protectedfrom the deposit of dew.
DROSSEL,A slut; a hussy; a drazel. [Obs.] Warner.
DROSSLESS,Free from dross. Stevens.
DROSSY,Of, pertaining to, resembling, dross; full of dross; impure;worthless. "
Drossy gold." Dryden. "Drossy rhymes." Donne.-- Dross"i*ness, n.
DROTCHEL,See Drossel. [Obs.]
DROUGH,of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DROUGHTINESS,A state of dryness of the weather; want of rain.
DROUMY,Troubled; muddy. [Obs.] Bacon.
DROUTH,Same as Drought. Sandys.Another ill accident is drouth at the spindling of
corn. Bacon.One whose drouth [thirst], Yet scarce allayed, still eyes the
currentstream. Milton.In the dust and drouth of London life. Tennyson.
DROUTHY,Droughty.
DROVE,of Drive.
DROVEN,of Drive. [Obs.]
DROVY,Turbid; muddy; filthy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DROW,of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DROWN,To be suffocated in water or other fluid; to perish in water.Methought, what
pain it was to drown. Shak.
DROWNAGE,The act of drowning. [R.]
DROWNER,One who, or that which, drowns.
DROWSE,To sleep imperfectly or unsoundly; to slumber; to be heavy withsleepiness;
to doze. "He drowsed upon his couch." South.In the pool drowsed the cattle up to
their knees. Lowell.
DROWSIHEAD,Drowsiness. Thomson.
DROWSIHED,Drowsihead. [Obs.] Spenser.
DROWSILY,In a drowsy manner.
DROWSINESS,State of being drowsy. Milton.
DROWTH,See Drought. Bacon.
DROYLE,See Droil. [Obs.] Spenser.
DRUB,To beat with a stick; to thrash; to cudgel.Soundly Drubbed with a good honest
cudgel. L'Estrange.
DRUBBER,One who drubs. Sir W. Scott.
DRUDGE,To perform menial work; to labor in mean or unpleasant officeswith toil and
fatigue.He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers for whom hedrudged.
Macaulay.
DRUDGERY,The act of drudging; disagreeable and wearisome labor; ignobleor slavish
toil.The drudgery of penning definitions. Macaulay.Paradise was a place of
bliss . . . without drudgery and with outsorrow. Locke.
DRUDGING BOX,See Dredging box.
DRUDGINGLY,In a drudging manner; laboriously.
DRUERY,Courtship; gallantry; love; an object of love. [Obs.] Chaucer.
DRUG,To drudge; to toil laboriously. [Obs.] "To drugge and draw."Chaucer.
DRUGGER,A druggist. [Obs.] Burton.
DRUGGIST,One who deals in drugs; especially, one who buys and sellsdrugs without
compounding them; also, a pharmaceutist or apothecary.
DRUGSTER,A druggist. [Obs.] Boule.
DRUIDESS,A female Druid; a prophetess.
DRUIDISH,Druidic.
DRUIDISM,The system of religion, philosophy, and instruction, receivedand taught by
the Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids.
DRUM MAJOR,.
DRUM WINDING,A method of armature winding in which the wire is wound uponthe outer
surface of a cylinder or drum from end to end of thecylinder; -- distinguished from
ring winding, etc.
DRUM,An instrument of percussion, consisting either of a hollowcylinder, over each
end of which is stretched a piece of skin orvellum, to be beaten with a stick; or
of a metallic hemisphere(kettledrum) with a single piece of skin to be so beaten;
the commoninstrument for marking time in martial music; one of the pair oftympani
in an orchestra, or cavalry band.The drums cry bud-a-dub. Gascoigne.
DRUMBEAT,The sound of a beaten drum; drum music.Whose morning drumbeat, following
the sun, and keeping company withthe hours, circles the earth with one continuous
and unbroken strainof the martial airs of England. D. Webster.
DRUMFISH,any fish of the family Sciænidæ, which makes a loud noise bymeans of its
air bladder; -- called also drum.
DRUMLIN,A hill of compact, unstratified, glacial drift or till, usuallyelongate or
oval, with the larger axis parallel to the former localglacial motion.
DRUMLY,Turbid; muddy. [Scot. & Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wodroephe (1623).Burns.
DRUMMER,A fish that makes a sound when caught; as:(a) The squeteague.(b) A
California sculpin.
DRUMMING,The act of beating upon, or as if upon, a drum; also, the noisewhich the
male of the ruffed grouse makes in spring, by beating hiswings upon his sides.
DRUMMOND LIGHT,A very intense light, produced by turning two streams of gas,one
oxygen and the other hydrogen, or coal gas, in a state ofignition, upon a ball of
lime; or a stream of oxygen gas through aflame of alcohol upon a ball or disk of
lime; -- called alsooxycalcium light, or lime light.
DRUNK,A drunken condition; a spree. [Slang]
DRUNKARD,One who habitually drinks strong liquors immoderately; onewhose habit it
is to get drunk; a toper; a sot.The drunkard and glutton shall come to poverty.
Prov. xxiii. 21.
DRUNKENHEAD,Drunkenness. [Obs.]
DRUNKENLY,In a drunken manner. [R.] Shak.
DRUNKENNESS,The state of being drunk; drunkenness. [Obs.] Gower.
DRUPACEOUS,Producing, or pertaining to, drupes; having the form of drupes;as,
drupaceous trees or fruits.
DRUPAL,Drupaceous.
DRUPE,A fruit consisting of pulpy, coriaceous, or fibrous exocarp,without valves,
containing a nut or stone with a kernel. The exocarpis succulent in the plum,
cherry, apricot, peach, etc.; dry andsubcoriaceous in the almond; and fibrous in
the cocoanut.
DRUSE,A cavity in a rock, having its interior surface studded withcrystals and
sometimes filled with water; a geode.
DRY DOCK,See under Dock.
DRY GOODS,A commercial name for textile fabrics, cottons, woolens, linen,silks,
laces, etc., -- in distinction from groceries. [U.S.]
DRY NURSE,A nurse who attends and feeds a child by hand; -- indistinction from a
wet nurse, who suckles it.
DRY,Of certain morbid conditions, in which there is entire orcomparative absence of
moisture; as, dry gangrene; dry catarrh.
DRY-BEAT,To beat severely. Shak.
DRY-BONED,Having dry bones, or bones without flesh.
DRY-EYED,Not having tears in the eyes.
DRY-FISTED,Niggardly.
DRY-RUB,To rub and cleanse without wetting. Dodsley.
DRY-SHOD,Without wetting the feet.
DRY-STONE,Constructed of uncemented stone. "Dry-stone walls." Sir W.Scott.
DRYAD,A wood nymph; a nymph whose life was bound up with that of hertree.
DRYANDRA,A genus of shrubs growing in Australia, having beautiful, hard,dry,
evergreen leaves.
DRYAS,A dryad.
DRYER,See Drier. Sir W. Temple.
DRYFOOT,The scent of the game, as far as it can be traced. [Obs.] Shak.
DRYLY,In a dry manner; not succulently; without interest; withoutsympathy; coldly.
DRYNESS,The state of being dry. See Dry.
DRYNURSE,To feed, attend, and bring up without the breast. Hudibras.
DRYOBALANOPS,The genus to which belongs the single species D. Camphora, alofty
resinous tree of Borneo and Sumatra, yielding Borneo camphorand camphor oil.
DRYSALTER,A dealer in salted or dried meats, pickles, sauces, etc., andin the
materials used in pickling, salting, and preserving variouskinds of food Hence
drysalters usually sell a number of salinesubstances and miscellaneous drugs.
Brande & C.
DRYSALTERY,The articles kept by a drysalter; also, the business of adrysalter.
DUAD,A union of two; duality. [R.] Harris.
DUAL,Expressing, or consisting of, the number two; belonging to two;as, the dual
number of nouns, etc. , in Greek.Here you have one half of our dual truth. Tyndall.
DUALIN,An explosive substance consisting essentially of sawdust orwood pulp,
saturated with nitroglycerin and other similar nitrocompounds. It is inferior to
dynamite, and is more liable toexplosion.
DUALISM,State of being dual or twofold; a twofold division; any systemwhich is
founded on a double principle, or a twofold distinction; as:(a) (Philos.) A view of
man as constituted of two original andindependent elements, as matter and spirit.
(Theol.)(b) A system which accepts two gods, or two original principles, onegood
and the other evil.(c) The doctrine that all mankind are divided by the arbitrary
decreeof God, and in his eternal foreknowledge, into two classes, the electand the
reprobate.(d) (Physiol.) The theory that each cerebral hemisphere actsindependently
of the other.An inevitable dualism bisects nature, so that each thing is a half,and
suggests another thing to make it whole. Emerson.
DUALISTIC,Consisting of two; pertaining to dualism or duality. Dualisticsystem or
theory (Chem.), the theory, originated by Lavoisier anddeveloped by Berzelius, that
all definite compounds are binary intheir nature, and consist of two distinct
constituents, themselvessimple or complex, and possessed of opposite chemical or
electricalaffinities.
DUALITY,The quality or condition of being two or twofold; dualcharacter or usage.
DUAN,A division of a poem corresponding to a canto; a poem or song.[R.]
DUARCHY,Government by two persons.
DUB,To make a noise by brisk drumbeats. "Now the drum dubs." Beau.& Fl.
DUBB,The Syrian bear. See under Bear. [Written also dhubb, and dub.]
DUBBER,One who, or that which, dubs.
DUBIETY,Doubtfulness; uncertainty; doubt. [R.] Lamb. "The dubiety ofhis fate." Sir
W. Scott.
DUBIOSITY,The state of being doubtful; a doubtful statement or thing.[R.]Men often
swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities for certainties,possibilities for
feasibilities. Sir T. Browne.
DUBIOUSLY,In a dubious manner.
DUBIOUSNESS,State of being dubious.
DUBITABLE,Liable to be doubted; uncertain. [R.] Dr. H. More.-- Du"bi*ta*bly, adv.
[R.]
DUBITANCY,Doubt; uncertainty. [R.] Hammond.
DUBITATE,To doubt. [R.]If he . . . were to loiter dubitating, and not come.
Carlyle.
DUBITATION,Act of doubting; doubt. [R.] Sir T. Scott.
DUBITATIVE,Tending to doubt; doubtful. [R.] -- Du"bi*ta*tive*ly, adv. [R.]. Eliot.
DUBOISIA,Same as Duboisine.
DUBOISINE,An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of an Australian tree(Duboisia
myoporoides), and regarded as identical with hyoscyamine.It produces dilation of
the pupil of the eye.
DUCAL,Of or pertaining to a duke.His ducal cap was to be exchanged for a kingly
crown. Motley.
DUCALLY,In the manner of a duke, or in a manner becoming the rank of aduke.
DUCAT,A coin, either of gold or silver, of several countries inEurope; originally,
one struck in the dominions of a duke.
DUCATOON,A silver coin of several countries of Europe, and of differentvalues.
DUCES TECUM,A judicial process commanding a person to appear in court andbring with
him some piece of evidence or other thing to be producedto the court.
DUCHESS,The wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady who has thesovereignty of a duchy
in her own right.
DUCHESSE LACE,A beautiful variety of Brussels pillow lace made originally inBelgium
and resembling Honiton guipure. It is worked with fine threadin large sprays,
usually of the primrose pattern, with much raisedwork.
DUCHY,The territory or dominions of a duke; a dukedom.
DUCK,A pet; a darling. Shak.
DUCK-BILLED,Having a bill like that of a duck..
DUCK-LEGGED,Having short legs, like a waddling duck; short-legged. Dryden.
DUCKBILL,See Duck mole, under Duck, n.
DUCKING,, from Duck, v. t. & i. Ducking stool, a stool or chair inwhich common
scolds were formerly tied, and plunged into water, as apunishment. See Cucking
stool. The practice of ducking began in thelatter part of the 15th century, and
prevailed until the early partof the 18th, and occasionally as late as the 19th
century.Blackstone. Chambers.
DUCKLING,A young or little duck. Gay.
DUCKWEED,A genus (Lemna) of small plants, seen floating in greatquantity on the
surface of stagnant pools fresh water, and supposedto furnish food for ducks; --
called also duckmeat.
DUCT,One of the vessels of an animal body by which the products ofglandular
secretion are conveyed to their destination.
DUCTIBLE,Capable of being drawn out [R.] Feltham.
DUCTILIMETER,An instrument for accurately determining the ductility ofmetals.
DUCTION,Guidance. [Obs.] Feltham.
DUCTLESS,Having to duct or outlet; as, a ductless gland.
DUCTOR,A contrivance for removing superfluous ink or coloring matterfrom a roller.
See Doctor, 4. Knight. Ductor roller (Printing), theroller which conveys or
supplies ink to another roller. Knight.
DUCTURE,Guidance. [Obs.] South.
DUDDER,To confuse or confound with noise. Jennings.
DUDDERY,A place where rags are bought and kept for sale. [Eng.]
DUDE,A kind of dandy; especially, one characterized by anultrafashionable style of
dress and other affectations. [Recent]The social dude who affects English dress and
English drawl. TheAmerican.
DUDEEN,A short tobacco pipe. [Written also dudheen.] [Irish]
DUDGEON,Resentment; ill will; anger; displeasure.I drink it to thee in dudgeon and
hostility.Sir T. Scott.
DUDISH,Like, or characterized of, a dude.
DUE,Directly; exactly; as, a due east course.
DUEBILL,A brief written acknowledgment of a debt, not made payable toorder, like a
promissory note. Burrill.
DUEFUL,Fit; becoming. [Obs.] Spenser.
DUEL,A combat between two persons, fought with deadly weapons, byagreement. It
usually arises from an injury done or an affront givenby one to the other. Trial by
duel (Old Law), a combat between twopersons for proving a cause; trial by battel.
DUELER,One who engages in a duel. [R.] [Written also dueller.] South.
DUELING,e act or practice of fighting in single combat. Also adj.[Written also
duelling.]
DUELIST,One who fights in single combat. [Written also duellist.]A duelist . . .
always values himself upon his courage, his sense ofhonor, his fidelity and
friendship. Hume.
DUELO,A duel; also, the rules of dueling. [Obs.] Shak.
DUENESS,Quality of being due; debt; what is due or becoming. T.Goodwin.
DUET,A composition for two performers, whether vocal orinstrumental.
DUETTINO,A duet of short extent and concise form.
DUETTO,See Duet.
DUFFEL BAG,A sack to hold miscellaneous articles, as tools, supplies, orthe like.
DUFFEL,A kind of coarse woolen cloth, having a thick nap or frieze.[Written also
duffle.]Good duffel gray and flannel fine. Wordsworth.
DUFFLE,See Duffel.
DUFRENITE,A mineral of a blackish green color, commonly massive or innodules. It is
a hydrous phosphate of iron.
DUG,A teat, pap, or nipple; -- formerly that of a human mother, nowthat of a cow or
other beast.With mother's dug between its lips. Shak.
DUGONG,An aquatic herbivorous mammal (Halicore dugong), of the orderSirenia, allied
to the manatee, but with a bilobed tail. It inhabitsthe Red Sea, Indian Ocean, East
Indies, and Australia. [Written alsoduyong.]
DUGWAY,A way or road dug through a hill, or sunk below the surface ofthe land.
[U.S.]
DUKE,To play the duke. [Poetic]Lord Angelo dukes it well in his absence. Shak.
DUKELING,A little or insignificant duke. Ford.
DUKESHIP,The quality or condition of being a duke; also, the personalityof a duke.
Massinger.
DULCAMARA,A plant (Solanum Dulcamara). See Bittersweet, n.,
DULCAMARIN,A glucoside extracted from the bittersweet (Solanum Dulcamara),as a
yellow amorphous substance. It probably occasions the compoundtaste. See
Bittersweet, 3(a).
DULCE,To make sweet; to soothe. [Obs.]
DULCENESS,Sweetness. [Obs.] Bacon.
DULCIANA,A sweet-toned stop of an organ.
DULCIFICATION,The act of dulcifying or sweetening. Boyle.
DULCIFIED,Sweetened; mollified. Dulcified spirit or spirits, a compoundof alcohol
with mineral acids; as, dulcified spirits of niter.
DULCIFLUOUS,Flowing sweetly. [R.]
DULCIFY,To sweeten; to free from acidity, saltness, or acrimony.Wiseman.
DULCILOQUY,A soft manner of speaking.
DULCINEA,A mistress; a sweetheart.I must ever have some Dulcinea in my head.
Sterne.
DULCINESS,See Dulceness. [Obs.]
DULCINO,See Dolcino.
DULCITE,A white, sugarlike substance, C6H8.(OH)2, occurring naturallyin a manna
from Madagascar, and in certain plants, and producedartificially by the reduction
of galactose and lactose or milk sugar.
DULCITUDE,Sweetness. [R.] Cockeram.
DULCORATE,To sweeten; to make less acrimonious. [R.] Bacon.
DULCORATION,The act of sweetening. [R.] Bacon.
DULEDGE,One of the dowels joining the ends of the fellies which formthe circle of
the wheel of a gun carriage. Wilhelm.
DULIA,An inferior kind of veneration or worship, given to the angelsand saints as
the servants of God.
DULL,To become dull or stupid. Rom. of R.
DULL-BRAINED,Stupid; doltish. Shak.
DULL-BROWED,Having a gloomy look.
DULL-EYED,Having eyes wanting brightness, liveliness, or vivacity. Shak.
DULL-SIGHTED,Having poor eyesight.
DULL-WITTED,Stupid.
DULLARD,A stupid person; a dunce. Shak.-- a.
DULLER,One who, or that which, dulls.
DULLHEAD,A blockhead; a dolt. Ascham.
DULLISH,Somewhat dull; uninteresting; tiresome. "A series of dullishverses." Prof.
Wilson.
DULLNESS,The state of being dull; slowness; stupidity; heaviness;drowsiness;
bluntness; obtuseness; dimness; want of luster; want ofvividness, or of brightness.
[Written also dulness.]And gentle dullness ever loves a joke. Pope.
DULLSOME,Dull. [R.] Gataker.
DULLY,In a dull manner; stupidly; slowly; sluggishly; without life
orspirit.Supinely calm and dully innocent. G. Lyttelton.
DULOCRACY,See Doulocracy.
DULSE,A seaweed of a reddish brown color, which is sometimes eaten,as in Scotland.
The true dulse is Sarcophyllis edulis; the common isRhodymenia. [Written also
dillisk.]The crimson leaf of the dulse is seen To blush like a banner bathedin
slaughter. Percival.
DULWILLY,The ring plover. [Prov. Eng.]
DULY,In a due, fit, or becoming manner; as it (anything) ought tobe; properly;
regularly.
DUMAL,Pertaining to, or set with, briers or bushes; brambly. [R.]
DUMB,To put to silence. [Obs.] Shak.
DUMB-BELL,A weight, consisting of two spheres or spheroids, connected bya short bar
for a handle; used (often in pairs) for gymnasticexercise.
DUMB-WAITER,A framework on which dishes, food, etc., are passed from oneroom or
story of a house to another; a lift for dishes, etc.; also, apiece of furniture
with movable or revolving shelves.
DUMBLEDOR,A bumblebee; also, a cockchafer. [Prov. Eng.]
DUMBLY,In silence; mutely.
DUMBNESS,The quality or state of being dumb; muteness; silence;inability to speak.
DUMDUM BULLET,A kind of manstopping bullet; -- so named from Dumdum, inIndia, where
bullets are manufactured for the Indian army.
DUMETOSE,Dumose.
DUMFOUND,To strike dumb; to confuse with astonishment. [Written alsodumbfound.]
Spectator.
DUMFOUNDER,To dumfound; to confound. [Written also dumbfounder.]
DUMMADOR,A dumbledor.
DUMMERER,One who feigns dumbness. [Obs.] Burton.
DUMMY,One who plays a merely nominal part in any action; a shamcharacter.
DUMP,A thick, ill-shapen piece; a clumsy leaden counter used by boysin playing
chuck farthing. [Eng.] Smart.
DUMPINESS,The state of being dumpy.
DUMPISH,Dull; stupid; sad; moping; melancholy. " A . . . dumpish andsour life."
Lord Herbert.-- Dump"ish*ly, adv.-- Dump"ish*ness, n.
DUMPLE,To make dumpy; to fold, or bend, as one part over another. [R.]He was a
little man, dumpled up together. Sir W. Scott.
DUMPLING,A roundish mass of dough boiled in soup, or as a sort ofpudding; often, a
cover of paste inclosing an apple or other fruit,and boiled or baked; as, an apple
dumpling.
DUMPY LEVEL,A level having a short telescope (hence its name) rigidly fixedto a
table capable only of rotatory movement in a horizontal plane.The telescope is
usually an inverting one. It is sometimes called theTroughton level, from the name
of the inventor, and a varietyimproved by one Gavatt is known as the Gavatt level.
DUN,A mound or small hill.
DUNCE,One backward in book learning; a child or other person dull orweak in
intellect; a dullard; a dolt.I never knew this town without dunces of figure.
Swift.
DUNCEDOM,The realm or domain of dunces. [Jocose] Carlyle.
DUNCERY,Dullness; stupidity.
DUNCICAL,Like a dunce; duncish.The most dull and duncical commissioner. Fuller.
DUNCIFY,To make stupid in intellect. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
DUNCISH,Somewhat like a dunce. [R.] -- Dun"cish*ness, n. [R.]
DUNDER,The lees or dregs of cane juice, used in the distillation ofrum. [West
Indies]The use of dunder in the making of rum answers the purpose of yeastin the
fermentation of flour. B. Edwards.
DUNDER-HEADED,Thick-headed; stupid.
DUNDERHEAD,A dunce; a numskull; a blockhead. Beau. & Fl.
DUNDERPATE,See Dunderhead.
DUNE,A low hill of drifting sand usually formed on the coats, butoften carried far
inland by the prevailing winds. [Written also dun.]Three great rivers, the Rhine,
the Meuse, and the Scheldt, haddeposited their slime for ages among the dunes or
sand banks heavedup by the ocean around their mouths. Motley.
DUNFISH,Codfish cured in a particular manner, so as to be of a superiorquality.
DUNG,The excrement of an animal. Bacon.
DUNGAREE,A coarse kind of unbleached cotton stuff. [Written alsodungari.] [India]
DUNGEON,A close, dark prison, commondonjon or keep of a castle, thesebeing used as
prisons.Down with him even into the deep dungeon. Tyndale.Year after year he lay
patiently in a dungeon. Macaulay.
DUNGFORK,A fork for tossing dung.
DUNGMEER,A pit where dung and weeds rot for manure.
DUNGY,Full of dung; filthy; vile; low. Shak.
DUNGYARD,A yard where dung is collected.
DUNKER,One of a religious denomination whose tenets and practices aremainly those
of the Baptists, but partly those of the Quakers; --called also Tunkers, Dunkards,
Dippers, and, by themselves, Brethren,and German Baptists.
DUNLIN,A species of sandpiper (Tringa alpina); -- called also churr,dorbie, grass
bird, and red-backed sandpiper. It is found both inEurope and America.
DUNNAGE,Fagots, boughs, or loose materials of any kind, laid on thebottom of the
hold for the cargo to rest upon to prevent injury bywater, or stowed among casks
and other cargo to prevent their motion.
DUNNER,One employed in soliciting the payment of debts.
DUNNISH,Inclined to a dun color. Ray.
DUNNOCK,The hedge sparrow or hedge accentor. [Local, Eng.]
DUNNY,Deaf; stupid.[Prov. Eng.]My old dame Joan is something dunny, and will scarce
know how tomanage. Sir W. Scott.
DUNT,A blow. [Obs.] R. of Glouc.
DUNTED,Beaten; hence, blunted. [Obs.]Fencer's swords . . . having the edge dunted.
Fuller.
DUNTER,A porpoise. [Scott.] Dunter goose (Zoöl.) the eider duck. J.Brand.
DUO,A composition for two performers; a duet.
DUODECENNIAL,Consisting of twelve years. [R.] Ash.
DUODECIMAL,Proceeding in computation by twelves; expressed in the scale
oftwelves.-- Du`o*dec"i*mal*ly, adv.
DUODECIMFID,Divided into twelve parts.
DUODECIMO,Having twelve leaves to a sheet; as, a duodecimo from, book,leaf, size,
etc.
DUODECUPLE,Consisting of twelves. Arbuthnot.
DUODENAL,Of or pertaining to the duodenum; as, duodenal digestion.
DUODENARY,Containing twelve; twelvefold; increasing by twelves;duodecimal.
DUODENUM,The part of the small intestines between the stomach and thejejunum. See
Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under Digestive.
DUOGRAPH,A picture printed from two half-tone plates made with thescreen set at
different angles, and usually printed in two shades ofthe same color or in black
and one tint.
DUOLITERAL,Consisting of two letters only; biliteral. Stuart.
DUOMO,A cathedral. See Dome, 2.Of tower or duomo, sunny sweet. Tennyson.
DUOTONE,Any picture printed in two shades of the same color, asduotypes and
duographs are usually printed.
DUOTYPE,A print made from two half-tone plates made from the samenegative, but
etched differently.
DUP,To open; as, to dup the door. [Obs.] Shak.
DUPABLE,Capable of being duped.
DUPE,One who has been deceived or who is easily deceived; a gull;as, the dupe of a
schemer.
DUPER,One who dupes another.
DUPERY,The act or practice of duping. [R.]
DUPION,A double cocoon, made by two silkworms.
DUPLE,Double. Duple ratio (Math.), that in which the antecedent termis double the
consequent, as of 2 to 1, 8 to 4, etc.
DUPLEX,Double; twofold. Duplex escapement, a peculiar kind of watchescapement, in
which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. SeeEscapement.-- Duplex lathe, one for
turning off, screwing, and surfacing, bymeans of two cutting tools, on opposite
sides of the piece operatedupon.-- Duplex pumping engine, a steam pump in which two
steam cylindersare placed side by side, one operating the valves of the other.--
Duplex querela Etym: [L., double complaint] (Eccl. Law), acomplaint in the nature
of an appeal from the ordinary to hisimmediate superior, as from a bishop to an
archbishop. Mozley & W.-- Duplex telegraphy, a system of telegraphy for sending
twomessages over the same wire simultaneously.-- Duplex watch, one with a duplex
escapement.
DUPLICATE,Double; twofold. Duplicate proportion or ratio (Math.), theproportion or
ratio of squares. Thus, in geometrical proportion, thefirst term to the third is
said to be in a duplicate ratio of thefirst to the second, or as its square is to
the square of the second.Thus, in 2, 4, 8, 16, the ratio of 2 to 8 is a duplicate
of that of 2to 4, or as the square of 2 is to the square of 4.
DUPLICATION,The act or process of dividing by natural growth or spontaneousaction;
as, the duplication of cartilage cells. Carpenter.Duplication of the cube (Math.),
the operation of finding a cubehaving a volume which is double that of a given
cube.
DUPLICATIVE,Having the quality of subdividing into two by natural
growth."Duplicative subdivision." Carpenter.
DUPLICATURE,A doubling; a fold, as of a membrane.
DUPPER,See 2d Dubber.
DUR,Major; in the major mode; as, C dur, that is, C major.
DURA MATER,The tough, fibrous membrane, which lines the cavity of theskull and
spinal column, and surrounds the brain and spinal cord; --frequently abbreviated to
dura.
DURA,Short form for Dura mater.
DURABILITY,The state or quality of being durable; the power ofuninterrupted or long
continuance in any condition; the power ofresisting agents or influences which tend
to cause changes, decay, ordissolution; lastingness.A Gothic cathedral raises ideas
of grandeur in our minds by the size,its height, . . . its antiquity, and its
durability. Blair.
DURABLE,Able to endure or continue in a particular condition; lasting;not
perishable or changeable; not wearing out or decaying soon;enduring; as, durable
cloth; durable happiness.Riches and honor are with me; yea, durable riches and
righteousness.Prov. viii. 18.An interest which from its object and grounds must be
so durable. DeQuincey.
DURABLENESS,Power of lasting, enduring, or resisting; durability.The durableness of
the metal that supports it. Addison.
DURABLY,In a lasting manner; with long continuance.
DURAL,Pertaining to the dura, or dura mater.
DURAMEN,The heartwood of an exogenous tree.
DURANCY,Duration. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
DURANT,See Durance, 3.
DURANTE,During; as, durante vita, during life; durante bene placito,during
pleasure.
DURATION,The state or quality of lasting; continuance in time; theportion of time
during which anything exists.It was proposed that the duration of Parliament should
be limited.Macaulay.Soon shall have passed our own human duration. D. Webster.
DURATIVE,Continuing; not completed; implying duration.Its durative tense, which
expresses the thought of it as going on. J.Byrne.
DURBAR,An audience hall; the court of a native prince; a state levee;a formal
reception of native princes, given by the governor generalof India. [India]
[Written also darbar.]
DURE,Hard; harsh; severe; rough; toilsome. [R.]The winter is severe, and life is
dure and rude. W. H. Russell.
DUREFUL,Lasting. [Obs.] Spenser.
DURELESS,Not lasting. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
DURENE,A colorless, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C6H2(CH3)4, offartificial
production, with an odor like camphor.
DURESS,The state of compulsion or necessity in which a person isinfluenced, whether
by the unlawful restrain of his liberty or byactual or threatened physical
violence, to incur a civil liability orto commit an offense.
DURESSOR,One who subjects another to duress Bacon.
DURGA,Same as Doorga.
DURHAM,One or a breed of short-horned cattle, originating in thecounty of Durham,
England. The Durham cattle are noted for theirbeef-producing quality.
DURING,In the time of; as long as the action or existence of; as,during life;
during the space of a year.
DURIO,A fruit tree (D. zibethinus, the only species known) of theIndian
Archipelago. It bears the durian.
DUROMETER,An instrument for measuring the degree of hardness; especially,an
instrument for testing the relative hardness of steel rails andthe like.
DUROUS,Hard. [Obs. & R.]
DURRA,A kind of millet, cultivated throughout Asia, and introducedinto the south of
Europe; a variety of Sorghum vulgare; -- calledalso Indian millet, and Guinea corn.
[Written also dhoorra, dhurra,doura, etc.]
DURST,of Dare. See Dare, v. i.
DURUKULI,A small, nocturnal, South American monkey (Nyctipthecustrivirgatus).
[Written also douroucouli.]
DURYLIC,Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as, durylicacid.
DUSE,A demon or spirit. See Deuce.
DUSK,Tending to darkness or blackness; moderately dark or black;dusky.A pathless
desert, dusk with horrid shades. Milton.
DUSKEN,To make dusk or obscure. [R.]Not utterly defaced, but only duskened.
Nicolls.
DUSKILY,In a dusky manner. Byron.
DUSKINESS,The state of being dusky.
DUSKISH,Somewhat dusky. " Duskish smoke." Spenser.-- Dusk"ish*ly, adv.--
Dusk"ish*ness, n.
DUSKNESS,Duskiness. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.
DUST,Coined money; cash. Down with the dust, deposit the cash; paydown the money.
[Slang] "My lord, quoth the king, presently deposityour hundred pounds in gold, or
else no going hence all the days ofyour life. . . . The Abbot down with his dust,
and glad he escapedso, returned to Reading." Fuller.-- Dust brand (Bot.), a fungous
plant (Ustilago Carbo); -- calledalso smut.-- Gold dust, fine particles of gold,
such as are obtained in placermining; -- often used as money, being transferred by
weight.-- In dust and ashes. See under Ashes.-- To bite the dust. See under Bite,
v. t.-- To raise, or kick up, dust, to make a commotion. [Colloq.] -- Tothrow dust
in one's eyes, to mislead; to deceive. [Colloq.]
DUST-POINT,An old rural game.With any boy at dust-point they shall play. Peacham
(1620).
DUSTBRUSH,A brush of feathers, bristles, or hair, for removing dust fromfurniture.
DUSTER,A blowing machine for separating the flour from the bran.
DUSTINESS,The state of being dusty.
DUSTLESS,Without dust; as a dustless path.
DUSTMAN,One whose employment is to remove dirt and defuse. Gay.
DUSTPAN,A shovel-like utensil for conveying away dust brushed from thefloor.
DUTCH,Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants. Dutch auction.See under
Auction.-- Dutch cheese, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk.-- Dutch
clinker, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish,very hard, and long and
narrow in shape.-- Dutch clover (Bot.), common white clover (Trifolium repens),
theseed of which was largely imported into England from Holland.-- Dutch concert, a
so-called concert in which all the singers singat the same time different songs.
[Slang] -- Dutch courage, thecourage of partial intoxication. [Slang] Marryat.--
Dutch door, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, soarranged that the lower
part can be shut and fastened, while theupper part remains open.-- Dutch foil,
Dutch leaf, or Dutch gold, a kind of brass rich incopper, rolled or beaten into
thin sheets, used in Holland toornament toys and paper; -- called also Dutch
mineral, Dutch metal,brass foil, and bronze leaf.-- Dutch liquid (Chem.), a thin,
colorless, volatile liquid,C2H4Cl2, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal
odor, producedby the union of chlorine and ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called
alsoDutch oil. It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by anassociation of
four Hollandish chemists. See Ethylene, and Olefiant.-- Dutch oven, a tin screen
for baking before an open fire orkitchen range; also, in the United States, a
shallow iron kettle forbaking, with a cover to hold burning coals.-- Dutch pink,
chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in distemper,and for paper staining. etc.
Weale.-- Dutch rush (Bot.), a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (E.hyemale)
having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for scouring andpolishing; -- called
also scouring rush, and shave grass. SeeEquisetum.-- Dutch tile, a glazed and
painted ornamental tile, formerly muchexported, and used in the jambs of chimneys
and the like.
DUTCHMAN,A native, or one of the people, of Holland. Dutchman's breeches(Bot.), a
perennial American herb (Dicentra cucullaria), withpeculiar double-spurred flowers.
See Illust. of Dicentra.-- Dutchman's laudanum (Bot.), a West Indian passion
flower(Passiflora Murucuja); also, its fruit.-- Dutchman's pipe (Bot.), an American
twining shrub (AristolochiaSipho). Its flowers have their calyx tubes curved like a
tobaccopipe.
DUTIABLE,Subject to the payment of a duty; as dutiable goods. [U.S.]All kinds of
dutiable merchandise. Hawthorne.
DUTIED,Subjected to a duty. Ames.
DUTY,The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam pumping engine,as measured by
work done by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, thenumber of pounds of water
lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94lbs. old standard), or by 1 cwt. (112
lbs., England, or 100 lbs.,United States).
DUUMVIR,One of two Roman officers or magistrates united in the samepublic
functions.
DUUMVIRAL,Of or belonging to the duumviri or the duumvirate.
DUUMVIRATE,The union of two men in the same office; or the office,dignity, or
government of two men thus associated, as in ancientRome.
DUX,The scholastic name for the theme or subject of a fugue, theanswer being called
the comes, or companion.
DUYKERBOK,A small South African antelope (Cephalous mergens); -- calledalso impoon,
and deloo.
DUYOUNG,See Dugong.
DVERGR,A dwarf supposed to dwell in rocks and hills and to be skillfulin working
metals.
DWALE,The deadly nightshade (Atropa Belladonna), having stupefyingqualities.
DWANG,A piece of wood set between two studs, posts, etc., to stiffenand support
them.
DWARF,An animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of itsspecies or
kind; especially, a diminutive human being.
DWARFISH,Like a dwarf; below the common stature or size; very small;petty; as, a
dwarfish animal, shrub.-- Dwarf"ish*ly, adv.-- Dwarf"ish*ness, n.
DWARFLING,A diminutive dwarf.
DWARFY,Much undersized. [R.] Waterhouse.
DWELL,To inhabit. [R.] Milton.
DWELLER,An inhabitant; a resident; as, a cave dweller. "Dwellers atJerusalem." Acts
i. 19.
DWELLING,Habitation; place or house in which a person lives; abode;domicile.Hazor
shall be a dwelling for dragons. Jer. xlix. 33.God will deign To visit oft the
dwellings of just men. Milton.Philip's dwelling fronted on the street.
Tennyson.Dwelling house, a house intended to be occupied as a residence,
indistinction from a store, office, or other building.-- Dwelling place, place of
residence.
DWELT,of Dwell.
DWINDLE,To diminish; to become less; to shrink; to waste or consumeaway; to become
degenerate; to fall away.Weary sennights nine times nine Shall he dwindle, peak and
pine.Shak.Religious societies, though begun with excellent intentions, are saidto
have dwindled into factious clubs. Swift.
DWINDLEMENT,The act or process of dwindling; a dwindling. [R.] Mrs.Oliphant.
DWINE,To waste away; to pine; to languish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]Gower.
DYAD,An element, atom, or radical having a valence or combiningpower of two.
DYADIC,Pertaining to the number two; of two parts or elements. Dyadicarithmetic,
the same as binary arithmetic.
DYAKS,; sing. Dyak. (Ethnol.) The aboriginal and most numerousinhabitants of
Borneo. They are partially civilized, but retain manybarbarous practices.
DYAS,A name applied in Germany to the Permian formation, thereconsisting of two
principal groups.
DYE,To stain; to color; to give a new and permanent color to, as bythe application
of dyestuffs.Cloth to be dyed of divers colors. Trench.The soul is dyed by its
thoughts. Lubbock.To dye in the grain, To dye in the wool (Fig.), to dye firmly;
toimbue thoroughly.He might truly be termed a legitimate son of the revenue system
dyedin the wool. Hawthorne.
DYEHOUSE,A building in which dyeing is carried on.
DYEING,The process or art of fixing coloring matters permanently anduniformly in
the fibers of wool, cotton, etc.
DYER,One whose occupation is to dye cloth and the like. Dyer'sbroom, Dyer's rocket,
Dyer's weed. See Dyer's broom, under Broom.
DYESTUFF,A material used for dyeing.
DYEWOOD,Any wood from which coloring matter is extracted for dyeing.
DYING,The act of expiring; passage from life to death; loss of life.
DYINGLY,In a dying manner; as if at the point of death. Beau. & Fl.
DYINGNESS,The state of dying or the stimulation of such a state; extremelanguor;
languishment. [R.]Tenderness becomes me best, a sort of dyingness; you see
thatpicture, Foible, -- a swimmingness in the eyes; yes, I'll look so.Congreve.
DYKE,See Dike. The spelling dyke is restricted by some to thegeological meaning.
DYNACTINOMETER,An instrument for measuring the intensity of the photogenic(light-
producing) rays, and computing the power of object glasses.
DYNAM,A unit of measure for dynamical effect or work; a foot pound.See Foot pound.
Whewell.
DYNAMETER,An instrument for determining the magnifying power oftelescopes,
consisting usually of a doubleimage micrometer applied tothe eye end of a telescope
for measuring accurately the diameter ofthe image of the object glass there formed;
which measurement,compared with the actual diameter of the glass, gives the
magnifyingpower.
DYNAMETRICAL,Pertaining to a dynameter.
DYNAMICALLY,In accordance with the principles of dynamics or moving forces.J.
Peile.
DYNAMICS,That department of musical science which relates to, or treatsof, the
power of tones.
DYNAMISM,The doctrine of Leibnitz, that all substance involves force.
DYNAMIST,One who accounts for material phenomena by a theory ofdynamics.Those who
would resolve matter into centers of force may be said toconstitute the school of
dynamists. Ward (Dyn. Sociol. ).
DYNAMITARD,A political dynamiter.
DYNAMITE,An explosive substance consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed bysome inert,
porous solid, as infusorial earth, sawdust, etc. It issafer than nitroglycerin,
being less liable to explosion frommoderate shocks, or from spontaneous
decomposition.
DYNAMITER,One who uses dynamite; esp., one who uses it for thedestruction of life
and property.
DYNAMITING,Destroying by dynamite, for political ends.Dynamiting is not the
American way. The Century.
DYNAMITISM,The work of dynamiters.
DYNAMIZATION,The act of setting free the dynamic powers of a medicine, as byshaking
the bottle containing it.
DYNAMO,A dynamo-electric machine.
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC,Pertaining to the development of electricity, especiallyelectrical
currents, by power; producing electricity or electricalcurrents by mechanical
power.
DYNAMOGRAPH,A dynamometer to which is attached a device for
automaticallyregistering muscular power.
DYNAMOMETER,An apparatus for measuring force or power; especially, musculareffort
of men or animals, or the power developed by a motor, or thatrequired to operate
machinery.
DYNAMOMETRY,The art or process of measuring forces doing work.
DYNASTA,A tyrant. [Obs.] Milton.
DYNASTIC,Of or relating to a dynasty or line of kings. Motley.
DYNASTICAL,Dynastic.
DYNASTIDAN,One of a group of gigantic, horned beetles, including DynastusNeptunus,
and the Hercules beetle (D. Hercules) of tropical America,which grow to be six
inches in length.
DYNE,The unit of force, in the C. G. S. (Centimeter Gram Second)system of physical
units; that is, the force which, acting on a gramfor a second, generates a velocity
of a centimeter per second.
DYS-,An inseparable prefix, fr. the Greek ill, bad, hard, difficult,and the like;
cf. the prefixes, Skr. dus-, Goth. tuz-, OHG. zur-, G.zer-, AS. to-, Icel. tor-,
Ir. do-.
DYSAESTHESIA,Impairment of any of the senses, esp. of touch.
DYSCRASIA,An ill habit or state of the constitution; -- formerly regardedas
dependent on a morbid condition of the blood and humors.
DYSCRASITE,A mineral consisting of antimony and silver.
DYSCRASY,Dycrasia.Sin is a cause of dycrasies and distempers. Jer. Taylor.
DYSENTERY,A disease attended with inflammation and ulceration of thecolon and
rectum, and characterized by griping pains, constant desireto evacuate the bowels,
and the discharge of mucus and blood.
DYSGENESIC,Not procreating or breeding freely; as, one race may bedysgenesic with
respect to another. Darwin.
DYSGENESIS,A condition of not generating or breeding freely; infertility;a form
homogenesis in which the hybrids are sterile among themselves,but are fertile with
members of either parent race.
DYSLOGISTIC,Unfavorable; not commendatory; -- opposed to eulogistic.There is no
course of conduct for which dyslogistic or eulogisticepithets may be found. J. F.
Stephen.The paternity of dyslogistic -- no bantling, but now almost acentenarian --
is adjudged to that genius of common sense, JeremyBentham. Fitzed. Hall.
DYSLUITE,A variety of the zinc spinel or gahnite.
DYSLYSIN,A resinous substance formed in the decomposition of cholic acidof bile; --
so called because it is difficult to solve.
DYSMENORRHEA,Difficult and painful menstruation.
DYSNOMY,Bad legislation; the enactment of bad laws. Cockeram.
DYSODILE,An impure earthy or coaly bitumen, which emits a highly fetidodor when
burning.
DYSPEPTIC,A person afflicted with dyspepsia.
DYSPEPTONE,An insoluble albuminous body formed from casein and otherproteid
substances by the action of gastric juice. Meissner.
DYSPHORIA,Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness;dissatisfaction; the
fidgets.
DYSPNOIC,Affected with shortness of breath; relating to dyspn
DYSPROSIUM,An element of the rare earth-group. Symbol Dy; at. wt., 162.5.
DYSTELEOLOGY,The doctrine of purposelessness; a term applied by Haeckel tothat
branch of physiology which treats of rudimentary organs, in viewof their being
useless to the life of the organism.To the doctrine of dysteleology, or the denial
of final causes, aproof of the real existence of such a thing as instinct
mustnecessarily be fatal. Word (Dynamic Sociology).
DYSTOCIA,Difficult delivery pr parturition.
DYSTOME,Cleaving with difficulty.
DYSURIC,Pertaining to, or afflicted with, dysury.
DZIGGETAI,The kiang, a wild horse or wild ass of Thibet (Asinushemionus).
E,E is the third tone of the model diatonic scale. E (E flat) isa tone which is
intermediate between D and E.
E-,A Latin prefix meaning out, out of, from; also, without. SeeEx-.
E-LA,Originally, the highest note in the scale of Guido; hence,proverbially, any
extravagant saying. "Why, this is above E-la!"Beau. & Fl.
EACHWHERE,Everywhere. [Obs.]The sky eachwhere did show full bright and fair.
Spenser.
EADISH,See Eddish.
EAGER,Same as Eagre.
EAGERLY,In an eager manner.
EAGLE,Any large, rapacious bird of the Falcon family, esp. of thegenera Aquila and
Haliæetus. The eagle is remarkable for strength,size, graceful figure, keenness of
vision, and extraordinary flight.The most noted species are the golden eagle
(Aquila chrysaëtus); theimperial eagle of Europe (A. mogilnik or imperialis); the
Americanbald eagle (Haliæetus leucocephalus); the European sea eagle (H.albicilla);
and the great harpy eagle (Thrasaetus harpyia). Thefigure of the eagle, as the king
of birds, is commonly used as anheraldic emblem, and also for standards and
emblematic devices. SeeBald eagle, Harpy, and Golden eagle.
EAGLE-EYED,Sharp-sighted as an eagle. "Inwardly eagle-eyed." Howell.
EAGLE-SIGHTED,Farsighted and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted. Shak.
EAGLE-WINGED,Having the wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring high, like aneagle.
Shak.
EAGLESS,A female or hen eagle. [R.] Sherwood.
EAGLESTONE,A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone, of the size of awalnut or
larger, so called by the ancients, who believed that theeagle transported these
stones to her nest to facilitate the layingof her eggs; aëtites.
EAGLET,A young eagle, or a diminutive eagle.
EAGLEWOOD,A kind of fragrant wood. See Agallochum.
EAGRASS,See Eddish. [Obs.]
EAGRE,A wave, or two or three successive waves, of great height andviolence, at
flood tide moving up an estuary or river; -- commonlycalled the bore. See Bore.
EALE,Ale. [Obs.] Shak.
EAME,Uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
EAN,To bring forth, as young; to yean. "In eaning time." Shak.
EANLING,A lamb just brought forth; a yeanling. Shak.
EAR,To take in with the ears; to hear. [Sportive] "I eared herlanguage." Two Noble
Kinsmen.
EAR-BORED,Having the ear perforated.
EAR-MINDED,Thinking chiefly or most readily through, or in terms relatedto, the
sense of hearing; specif., thinking words as spoken, as aresult of familiarity with
speech or of mental peculiarity; --opposed to eye-minded.
EAR-PIERCER,The earwig.
EAR-SHELL,A flattened marine univalve shell of the genus Haliotis; --called also
sea-ear. See Abalone.
EAR-SPLITTING,Deafening; disagreeably loud or shrill; as, ear-splittingstrains.
EARABLE,Arable; tillable. [Archaic]
EARACHE,Ache or pain in the ear.
EARAL,Receiving by the ear. [Obs.] Hewyt.
EARCAP,A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold.
EARCOCKLE,A disease in wheat, in which the blackened and contractedgrain, or ear,
is filled with minute worms.
EARDROP,A species of primrose. See Auricula.
EARDRUM,The tympanum. See Illust. of Ear.
EARED,Having external ears; having tufts of feathers resembling ears.Eared owl
(Zoöl.), an owl having earlike tufts of feathers, as thelong-eared owl, and short-
eared owl.-- Eared seal (Zoöl.), any seal of the family Otariidæ, includingthe fur
seals and hair seals. See Seal.
EARINESS,Fear or timidity, especially of something supernatural.[Written also
eiryness.]The sense of eariness, as twilight came on. De Quincey.
EARING,Coming into ear, as corn.
EARL MARSHAL,An officer of state in England who marshals and orders allgreat
ceremonials, takes cognizance of matters relating to honor,arms, and pedigree, and
directs the proclamation of peace and war.The court of chivalry was formerly under
his jurisdiction, and he isstill the head of the herald's office or college of
arms.
EARL,A nobleman of England ranking below a marquis, and above aviscount. The rank
of an earl corresponds to that of a count (comte)in France, and graf in Germany.
Hence the wife of an earl is stillcalled countess. See Count.
EARLAP,The lobe of the ear.
EARLDORMAN,Alderman. [Obs.]
EARLDUCK,The red-breasted merganser (Merganser serrator).
EARLES PENNY,Earnest money. Same as Arles penny. [Obs.]
EARLESS,Without ears; hence, deaf or unwilling to hear. Pope.
EARLET,An earring. [Obs.]The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden earlets.
Judg. viii. 24(Douay version).
EARLINESS,The state of being early or forward; promptness.
EARLOCK,A lock or curl of hair near the ear; a lovelock. See Lovelock.
EARLY,Soon; in good season; seasonably; betimes; as, come early.Those that me early
shall find me. Prov. viii. 17.You must wake and call me early. Tennyson.
EARMARK,To mark, as sheep, by cropping or slitting the ear.
EARN,See Ern, n. Sir W. Scott.
EARNEST,Seriousness; reality; fixed determination; eagerness;intentness.Take heed
that this jest do not one day turn to earnest. Sir P.Sidney.And given in earnest
what I begged in jest. Shak.In earnest, serious; seriously; not in jest; earnestly.
EARNESTFUL,Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EARNESTLY,In an earnest manner.
EARNESTNESS,The state or quality of being earnest; intentness; anxiety.An honest
earnestness in the young man's manner. W. Irving.
EARNFUL,Full of anxiety or yearning. [Obs.] P. Fletcher.
EARNING,That which is earned; wages gained by work or services; moneyearned; --
used commonly in the plural.As to the common people, their stock is in their
persons and in theirearnings. Burke.
EARPICK,An instrument for removing wax from the ear.
EARREACH,Earshot. Marston.
EARRING,An ornament consisting of a ring passed through the lobe of theear, with or
without a pendant.
EARSH,See Arrish.
EARSHOT,Reach of the ear; distance at which words may be heard. Dryden.
EARSHRIFT,A nickname for auricular confession; shrift. [Obs.] Cartwright.
EARSORE,An annoyance to the ear. [R.]The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is
no small earsore Sir T.Browne.
EARST,See Erst. [Obs.] Spenser.
EARTH FLAX,A variety of asbestus. See Amianthus.
EARTH SHINE,See Earth light, under Earth.
EARTH,To burrow. Tickell.
EARTH-TONGUE,A fungus of the genus Geoglossum.
EARTHBAG,A bag filled with earth, used commonly to raise or repair aparapet.
EARTHBANK,A bank or mound of earth.
EARTHBOARD,The part of a plow, or other implement, that turns over theearth; the
moldboard.
EARTHBRED,Low; grovelling; vulgar.
EARTHDIN,An earthquake. [Obs.]
EARTHDRAKE,A mythical monster of the early Anglo-Saxon literature; adragon. W.
Spalding.
EARTHEN,Made of earth; made of burnt or baked clay, or other likesubstances; as, an
earthen vessel or pipe.
EARTHEN-HEARTED,Hard-hearted; sordid; gross. [Poetic] Lowell.
EARTHENWARE,Vessels and other utensils, ornaments, or the like, made ofbaked clay.
See Crockery, Pottery, Stoneware, and Porcelain.
EARTHFORK,A pronged fork for turning up the earth.
EARTHINESS,The quality or state of being earthy, or of containing earth;hence,
grossness.
EARTHLIGHT,The sunlight reflected from the earth to the moon, by which wesee
faintly, when the moon is near the sun (either before or afternew moon), that part
of the moon's disk unillumined by directsunlight, or "the old moon in the arms of
the new."
EARTHLINESS,The quality or state of being earthly; worldliness;
grossness;perishableness.
EARTHLING,An inhabitant of the earth; a mortal.Earthings oft her deemed a deity.
Drummond.
EARTHLY,In the manner of the earth or its people; worldly.Took counsel from his
guiding eyes To make this wisdom earthly wise.Emerson.
EARTHLY-MINDED,Having a mind devoted to earthly things; worldly-minded; --opposed
to spiritual-minded.-- Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness, n.
EARTHMAD,The earthworm. [Obs.]The earthmads and all the sorts of worms . . . are
without eyes.Holland.
EARTHNUT,A name given to various roots, tubers, or pods grown under oron the
ground; as to:(a) The esculent tubers of the umbelliferous plants Bunium
flexuosumand Carum Bulbocastanum.(b) The peanut. See Peanut.
EARTHPEA,A species of pea (Amphicarpæa monoica). It is a climbingleguminous plant,
with hairy underground pods.
EARTHQUAKE,A shaking, trembling, or concussion of the earth, due tosubterranean
causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The waveof shock sometimes traverses
half a hemisphere, destroying cities andmany thousand lives; -- called also
earthdin, earthquave, andearthshock. Earthquake alarm, a bell signal constructed to
operate onthe theory that a few seconds before the occurrence of an earthquakethe
magnet temporarily loses its power.
EARTHQUAVE,An earthquake.
EARTHSHOCK,An earthquake.
EARTHSTAR,A curious fungus of the genus Geaster, in which the outercoating splits
into the shape of a star, and the inner one forms aball containing the dustlike
spores.
EARTHWORK,Any construction, whether a temporary breastwork or
permanentfortification, for attack or defense, the material of which ischiefly
earth.
EARTHWORM,Any worm of the genus Lumbricus and allied genera, found indamp soil. One
of the largest and most abundant species in Europe andAmerica is L. terrestris;
many others are known; -- called alsoangleworm and dewworm.
EARTHY,Without luster, or dull and roughish to the touch; as, anearthy fracture.
EARWAX,See Cerumen.
EARWIG,Any insect of the genus Forticula and related genera, belongingto the order
Euplexoptera.
EARWITNESS,A witness by means of his ears; one who is within hearing anddoes hear;
a hearer. Fuller.
EASEFUL,Full of ease; suitable for affording ease or rest; quiet;comfortable;
restful. Shak.-- Ease"ful*ly, adv.-- Ease"ful*ness, n.
EASEL,A frame (commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas upright, ornearly
upright, for the painter's convenience or for exhibition.Easel picture, Easel
piece, a painting of moderate size such as ismade while resting on an easel, as
distinguished from a painting on awall or ceiling.
EASELESS,Without ease. Donne.
EASEMENT,A liberty, privilege, or advantage, which one proprietor has inthe estate
of another proprietor, distinct from the ownership of thesoil, as a way, water
course, etc. It is a species of what the civillaw calls servitude. Kent.
EAST INDIAN,Belonging to, or relating to, the East Indies.-- n.
EAST,Formerly, the part of the United States east of the AlleghanyMountains, esp.
the Eastern, or New England, States; now, commonly,the whole region east of the
Mississippi River, esp. that which isnorth of Maryland and the Ohio River; --
usually with the definitearticle; as, the commerce of the East is not independent
of theagriculture of the West. East by north, East by south, according tothe
notation of the mariner's compass, that point which lies 11 --East-northeast, East-
southeast, that which lie 22Illust. of Compass.
EAST-INSULAR,Relating to the Eastern Islands; East Indian. [R.] Ogilvie.
EASTER,To veer to the east; -- said of the wind. Russell.
EASTERLING,The smew.
EASTERLY,Toward, or in the direction of, the east.
EASTERN CHURCH,That portion of the Christian church which prevails in thecountries
once comprised in the Eastern Roman Empire and thecountries converted to
Christianity by missionaries from them. Itsfull official title is The Orthodox
Catholic Apostolic EasternChurch. It became estranged from the Western, or Roman,
Church overthe question of papal supremacy and the doctrine of the filioque, anda
separation, begun in the latter part of the 9th century, becamefinal in 1054. The
Eastern Church consists of twelve (thirteen if theBulgarian Church be included)
mutually independent churches(including among these the Hellenic Church, or Church
of Greece, andthe Russian Church), using the vernacular (or some ancient form ofit)
in divine service and varying in many points of detail, butstanding in full
communion with each other and united as equals in agreat federation. The highest
five authorities are the patriarch ofConstantinople, or ecumenical patriarch (whose
position is not one ofsupremacy, but of precedence), the patriarch of Alexandria,
thepatriarch of Jerusalem, the patriarch of Antioch, and the Holy Synodof Russia.
The Eastern Church accepts the first seven ecumenicalcouncils (and is hence styled
only schismatic, not heretical, by theRoman Catholic Church), has as its creed the
Niceno-Constantinopolitan (without the later addition of the filioque,which, with
the doctrine it represents, the church decisivelyrejects), baptizes infants with
trine immersion, makes confirmationfollow immediately upon baptism, administers the
Communion in bothkinds (using leavened bread) and to infants as well as
adults,permits its secular clergy to marry before ordination and to keeptheir wives
afterward, but not to marry a second time, selects itsbishops from the monastic
clergy only, recognizes the offices ofbishop, priest, and deacon as the three
necessary degrees of orders,venerates relics and icons, and has an elaborate
ritual.
EASTERNMOST,Most eastern.
EASTING,The distance measured toward the east between two meridiansdrawn through
the extremities of a course; distance of departureeastward made by a vessel.
EASY,Not straitened as to money matters; as, the market is easy; --opposed to
tight. Honors are easy (Card Playing), said when each sidehas an equal number of
honors, in which case they are not counted aspoints.
EASY-CHAIR,An armichair for ease or repose. "Laugh . . . in Rabelais'easy-chair."
Pope.
EASY-GOING,Moving easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving; inactive.
EATABLE,Capable of being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for food;esculent;
edible.-- n.
EATAGE,Eatable growth of grass for horses and cattle, esp. that ofaftermath.
EATER,One who, or that which, eats.
EATH,Easy or easily. [Obs.] "Eath to move with plaints." Fairfax.
EAU DE COLOGNE,Same as Cologne.
EAU DE VIE,French name for brandy. Cf. Aqua vitæ, under Aqua. Bescherelle.
EAU FORTE,An etching or a print from an etched plate.
EAVEDROP,A drop from the eaves; eavesdrop. [R.] Tennyson.
EAVES,The edges or lower borders of the roof of a building, whichoverhang the
walls, and cast off the water that falls on the roof.
EAVESDROP,To stand under the eaves, near a window or at the door, of ahouse, to
listen and learn what is said within doors; hence, tolisten secretly to what is
said in private.To eavesdrop in disguises. Milton.
EAVESDROPPER,One who stands under the eaves, or near the window or door of ahouse,
to listen; hence, a secret listener.
EAVESDROPPING,The habit of lurking about dwelling houses, and other placeswhere
persons meet fro private intercourse, secretly listening towhat is said, and then
tattling it abroad. The offense is indictableat common law. Wharton.
EBB TIDE,The reflux of tide water; the retiring tide; -- opposed toflood tide.
EBB,The European bunting.
EBIONITE,One of a sect of heretics, in the first centuries of thechurch, whose
doctrine was a mixture of Judaism and Christianity.They denied the divinity of
Christ, regarding him as an inspiredmessenger, and rejected much of the New
Testament.
EBIONITISM,The system or doctrine of the Ebionites.
EBLANIN,See Pyroxanthin.
EBLIS,The prince of the evil spirits; Satan. [Written also Eblees.]
EBON,Ebony. [Poetic] "Framed of ebon and ivory." Sir W. Scott.
EBONIST,One who works in ebony.
EBONITE,A hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may be cut and polished,and is used
for many small articles, as combs and buttons, and forinsulating material in
electric apparatus.
EBONIZE,To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as, toebonize wood.
EBONY,A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which admits of a fine polishor gloss. The
usual color is black, but it also occurs red or green.
EBRACTEATE,Without bracts.
EBRACTEOLATE,Without bracteoles, or little bracts; -- said of a pedicel orflower
stalk.
EBRAUKE,Hebrew. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EBRIETY,Drunkenness; intoxication by spirituous liquors; inebriety."Ruinous
ebriety." Cowper.
EBRILLADE,A bridle check; a jerk of one rein, given to a horse when herefuses to
turn.
EBRIOSITY,Addiction to drink; habitual drunkenness.
EBRIOUS,Inclined to drink to excess; intoxicated; tipsy. [R.] M.Collins.
EBULLIATE,To boil or bubble up. [Obs.] Prynne.
EBULLIENT,Boiling up or over; hence, manifesting exhilaration orexcitement, as of
feeling; effervescing. "Ebullient with subtlety."De Quincey.The ebullient
enthusiasm of the French. Carlyle.
EBULLIOSCOPE,An instrument for observing the boiling point of liquids,especially
for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture by thetemperature at which it
boils.
EBURIN,A composition of dust of ivory or of bone with a cement; --used for
imitations of valuable stones and in making moldings, seals,etc. Knight.
EBURNATION,A condition of bone cartilage occurring in certain diseases ofthese
tissues, in which they acquire an unnatural density, and cometo resemble ivory.
EBURNEAN,Made of or relating to ivory.
EBURNIFICATION,The conversion of certain substances into others which have
theappearance or characteristics of ivory.
EBURNINE,Of or pertaining to ivory. "[She] read from tablet eburnine."Sir W. Scott.
ECARDINES,An order of Brachiopoda; the Lyopomata. See Brachiopoda.
ECARTE,A game at cards, played usually by two persons, in which theplayers may
discard any or all of the cards dealt and receive othersfrom the pack.
ECAUDATE,Without a tail or spur.
ECBALLIUM,A genus of cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the singlespecies
Ecballium agreste (or Elaterium), the squirting cucumber. Itsfruit, when ripe,
bursts and violently ejects its seeds, togetherwith a mucilaginous juice, from
which elaterium, a powerful catharticmedicine, is prepared.
ECBASIS,A figure in which the orator treats of things according totheir events
consequences.
ECBATIC,Denoting a mere result or consequence, as distinguished fromtelic, which
denotes intention or purpose; thus the phrase so that itwas fulfilled," is ecbatic;
if rendered "in order that it might be."etc., is telic.
ECBOLE,A digression in which a person is introduced speaking his ownwords.
ECBOLIC,A drug, as ergot, which by exciting uterine contractionspromotes the
expulsion of the contents of the uterus.
ECBOLINE,An alkaloid constituting the active principle of ergot; -- sonamed from
its power of producing abortion.
ECCALEOBION,A contrivance for hatching eggs by artificial heat.
ECCE HOMO,A picture which represents the Savior as given up to the peopleby Pilate,
and wearing a crown of thorns.
ECCENTRIC,Pertaining to an eccentric; as, the eccentric rod in a steamengine.
ECCENTRICAL,See Eccentric.
ECCENTRICALLY,In an eccentric manner.Drove eccentrically here and there. Lew
Wallace.
ECCENTRICITY,The ratio of the distance between the center and the focus ofan
ellipse or hyperbola to its semi-transverse axis.
ECCHYMOSE,To discolor by the production of an ecchymosis, or effusion ofblood,
beneath the skin; -- chiefly used in the passive form; as, theparts were much
ecchymosed.
ECCHYMOSIS,A livid or black and blue spot, produced by the extravasationor effusion
of blood into the areolar tissue from a contusion.
ECCHYMOTIC,Pertaining to ecchymosis.
ECCLE,The European green woodpecker; -- also called ecall, eaquall,yaffle. [Prov.
Eng.]
ECCLESIA,The public legislative assembly of the Athenians.
ECCLESIAL,Ecclesiastical. [Obs.] Milton.
ECCLESIARCH,An official of the Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in theWestern
Church.
ECCLESIASTES,One of the canonical books of the Old Testament.
ECCLESIASTIC,Of or pertaining to the church. See Ecclesiastical."Ecclesiastic
government." Swift.
ECCLESIASTICAL,Of or pertaining to the church; relating to the organization
orgovernment of the church; not secular; as, ecclesiastical affairs orhistory;
ecclesiastical courts.Every circumstance of ecclesiastical order and discipline was
anabomination. Cowper.Ecclesiastical commissioners for England, a permanent
commissionestablished by Parliament in 1836, to consider and report upon theaffairs
of the Established Church.-- Ecclesiastical courts, courts for maintaining the
discipline ofthe Established Church; -- called also Christian courts. [Eng.]
--Ecclesiastical law, a combination of civil and canon law asadministered in
ecclesiastical courts. [Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical modes(Mus.), the church modes, or
the scales anciently used.-- Ecclesiastical States, the territory formerly subject
to the Popeof Rome as its temporal ruler; -- called also States of the Church.
ECCLESIASTICALLY,In an ecclesiastical manner; according ecclesiastical rules.
ECCLESIASTICISM,Strong attachment to ecclesiastical usages, forms, etc.
ECCLESIASTICUS,A book of the Apocrypha.
ECCLESIOLOGICAL,Belonging to ecclesiology.
ECCLESIOLOGIST,One versed in ecclesiology.
ECCLESIOLOGY,The science or theory of church building and decoration.
ECCRITIC,A remedy which promotes discharges, as an emetic, or acathartic.
ECDERON,See Ecteron.-- Ec`der*on"ic, a.
ECDYSIS,The act of shedding, or casting off, an outer cuticular layer,as in the
case of serpents, lobsters, etc.; a coming out; as, theecdysis of the pupa from its
shell; exuviation.
ECGONINE,A colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by thedecomposition
of cocaine.
ECHAUGUETTE,A small chamber or place of protection for a sentinel, usuallyin the
form of a projecting turret, or the like. See Castle.
ECHE,Each. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ECHELON,An arrangement of a body of troops when its divisions are drawnup in
parallel lines each to the right or the left of the one inadvance of it, like the
steps of a ladder in position for climbing.Also used adjectively; as, echelon
distance. Upton (Tactics).
ECHIDNA,A monster, half maid and half serpent.
ECHIDNINE,The clear, viscid fluid secreted by the poison glands ofcertain serpents;
also, a nitrogenous base contained in this, andsupposed to be the active poisonous
principle of the virus. Brande &C.
ECHINID,Same as Echinoid.
ECHINIDAN,One the Echinoidea.
ECHINITAL,Of, or like, an echinite.
ECHINITE,A fossil echinoid.
ECHINOCOCCUS,A parasite of man and of many domestic and wild animals,forming
compound cysts or tumors (called hydatid cysts) in variousorgans, but especially in
the liver and lungs, which often causedeath. It is the larval stage of the Tænia
echinococcus, a smalltapeworm peculiar to the dog.
ECHINODERM,One of the Echinodermata.
ECHINODERMAL,Relating or belonging to the echinoderms.
ECHINODERMATA,One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom. By manywriters it
was formerly included in the Radiata. [Written alsoEchinoderma.]
ECHINODERMATOUS,Relating to Echinodermata; echinodermal.
ECHINOID,Of or pertaining to the Echinoidea.-- n.
ECHINOIDEA,The class Echinodermata which includes the sea urchins. Theyhave a
calcareous, usually more or less spheroidal or disk-shaped,composed of many united
plates, and covered with movable spines. SeeSpatangoid, Clypeastroid. [Written also
Echinidea, and Echinoida.]
ECHINOZOA,The Echinodermata.
ECHINULATE,Set with small spines or prickles.
ECHINUS,A hedgehog.
ECHIUROIDEA,A division of Annelida which includes the genus Echiurus andallies.
They are often classed among the Gephyrea, and called thearmed Gephyreans.
ECHO,A nymph, the daughter of Air and Earth, who, for love ofNarcissus, pined away
until nothing was left of her but her voice.Compelled me to awake the courteous
Echo To give me answer from hermossy couch. Milton.Echo organ (Mus.), a set organ
pipes inclosed in a box so as toproduce a soft, distant effect; -- generally
superseded by the swell.-- Echo stop (Mus.), a stop upon a harpsichord contrived
forproducing the soft effect of distant sound.-- To applaud to the echo, to give
loud and continuous applause. M.Arnold.I would applaud thee to the very echo, That
should applaud again.Shak.
ECHOER,One who, or that which, echoes.
ECHOLESS,Without echo or response.
ECHOMETER,A graduated scale for measuring the duration of sounds, anddetermining
their different, and the relation of their intervals. J.J. Rousseau.
ECHOMETRY,Each one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ECHOPATHY,A morbid condition characterized by automatic and purposelessrepetition
of words or imitation of actions.
ECHOSCOPE,An instrument for intensifying sounds produced by percussion ofthe
thorax. Knight.
ECLAIR,A kind of frosted cake, containing flavored cream.
ECLAIRCISE,To make clear; to clear up what is obscure or not understood;to explain.
ECLAIRCISSEMENT,The clearing up of anything which is obscure or not
easilyunderstood; an explanation.The eclaircissement ended in the discovery of the
informer.Clarendon.
ECLAMPSIA,A fancied perception of flashes of light, a symptom ofepilepsy; hence,
epilepsy itself; convulsions.
ECLAMPSY,Same as Eclampsia.
ECLECTIC,One who follows an eclectic method.
ECLECTICALLY,In an eclectic manner; by an eclectic method.
ECLECTICISM,Theory or practice of an eclectic.
ECLEGM,A medicine made by mixing oils with sirups. John Quincy.
ECLIPSE,An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun, moon,or other
luminous body, by the intervention of some other body,either between it and the
eye, or between the luminous body and thatilluminated by it. A lunar eclipse is
caused by the moon passingthrough the earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon
comingbetween the sun and the observer. A satellite is eclipsed by enteringthe
shadow of its primary. The obscuration of a planet or star by themoon or a planet,
though of the nature of an eclipse, is called anoccultation. The eclipse of a small
portion of the sun by Mercury orVenus is called a transit of the planet.
ECLIPTIC,A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle withthe
equinoctial of about 23º 28'. It is the apparent path of the sun,or the real path
of the earth as seen from the sun.
ECLOGITE,A rock consisting of granular red garnet, light greensmaragdite, and
common hornblende; -- so called in reference to itsbeauty.
ECLOGUE,A pastoral poem, in which shepherds are introduced conversingwith each
other; a bucolic; an idyl; as, the Ecloques of Virgil, fromwhich the modern usage
of the word has been established.
ECONOMICALLY,With economy; with careful management; with prudence inexpenditure.
ECONOMIZATION,The act or practice of using to the best effect. [R.] H.Spenser.
ECONOMIZE,To manage with economy; to use with prudence; to expend withfrugality;
as, to economize one's income. [Written also economise.]Expenses in the city were
to be economized. Jowett (Thucyd. ).Calculating how to economize time. W. Irving.
ECORCHE,A manikin, or image, representing an animal, especially man,with the skin
removed so that the muscles are exposed for purposes ofstudy.
ECOSSAISE,A dancing tune in the Scotch style.
ECOSTATE,Having no ribs or nerves; -- said of a leaf.
ECOUTE,One of the small galleries run out in front of the glacis. Theyserve to
annoy the enemy's miners.
ECPHASIS,An explicit declaration.
ECPHONEMA,A breaking out with some interjectional particle.
ECPHONEME,A mark (!) used to indicate an exclamation. G. Brown.
ECPHONESIS,An animated or passionate exclamation.The feelings by the ecphonesis are
very various. Gibbs.
ECPHRACTIC,Serving to dissolve or attenuate viscid matter, and so toremove
obstructions; deobstruent.-- n.
ECRASEMENT,The operation performed with an écraseur.
ECRASEUR,An instrument intended to replace the knife in many operations,the parts
operated on being severed by the crushing effect producedby the gradual tightening
of a steel chain, so that hemorrhage rarelyfollows.
ECRU,Having the color or appearance of unbleached stuff, as silk,linen, or the
like.
ECSTASY,A state which consists in total suspension of sensibility, ofvoluntary
motion, and largely of mental power. The body is erect andinflexible; the pulsation
and breathing are not affected. Mayne.
ECSTATIC,An enthusiast. [R.] Gauden.
ECSTATICALLY,Rapturously; ravishingly.
ECTAD,Toward the outside or surface; -- opposed to entad. B. G.Wilder.
ECTAL,Pertaining to, or situated near, the surface; outer; -- opposedto ental. B.
G. Wilder.
ECTASIA,A dilatation of a hollow organ or of a canal.
ECTASIS,The lengthening of a syllable from short to long.
ECTENTAL,Relating to, or connected with, the two primitive germ layers,the ectoderm
and ectoderm; as, the "ectental line" or line ofjuncture of the two layers in the
segmentation of the ovum. C. S.Minot.
ECTERON,The external layer of the skin and mucous membranes;epithelium; ecderon.--
Ec`ter*on"ic, a.
ECTETHMOID,External to the ethmoid; prefrontal.
ECTHLIPSIS,The elision of a final m, with the preceding vowel, before aword
beginning with a vowel.
ECTHOREUM,The slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida. SeeNettling cell.
[Written also ecthoræum.]
ECTHYMA,A cutaneous eruption, consisting of large, round pustules, uponan indurated
and inflamed base. Dunglison.
ECTO-,See Ect-.
ECTOBRONCHIUM,One of the dorsal branches of the main bronchi in the lungs ofbirds.
ECTOCYST,The outside covering of the Bryozoa.
ECTODERM,Of or relating to the ectoderm.
ECTOLECITHAL,Having the food yolk, at the commencement of segmentation, in
aperipheral position, and the cleavage process confined to the centerof the egg;
as, ectolecithal ova.
ECTOMERE,The more transparent cells, which finally become external, inmany
segmenting ova, as those of mammals.
ECTOPARASITE,Any parasite which lives on the exterior of animals; -- opposedto
endoparasite.-- Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic, a.
ECTOPIA,A morbid displacement of parts, especially such as iscongenial; as, ectopia
of the heart, or of the bladder.
ECTOPIC,Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an ectopic organ.
ECTOPLASTIC,Pertaining to, or composed of, ectoplasm.
ECTOPROCTA,An order of Bryozoa in which the anus lies outside the circleof
tentacles.
ECTOPY,Same as Ectopia.
ECTORGANISM,An external parasitic organism.
ECTOSARC,The semisolid external layer of protoplasm in some unicellularorganisms,
as the amoeba; ectoplasm; exoplasm.
ECTOSTEAL,Of or pertaining to ectostosis; as, ectosteal ossification.
ECTOSTOSIS,A process of bone formation in which ossification takes placein the
perichondrium and either surrounds or gradually replaces thecartilage.
ECTOZOIC,See Epizoic.
ECTROPION,An unnatural eversion of the eyelids.
ECTROPIUM,Same as Ectropion.
ECTROTIC,Having a tendency to prevent the development of anything,especially of a
disease.
ECTYPAL,Copied, reproduced as a molding or cast, in contradistinctionfrom the
original model.
ECTYPOGRAPHY,A method of etching in which the design upon the plate isproduced in
relief.
ECURIE,A stable.
ECZEMA,An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by thepresence of redness
and itching, an eruption of small vesicles, andthe discharge of a watery exudation,
which often dries up, leavingthe skin covered with crusts; -- called also tetter,
milk crust, andsalt rheum.
ECZEMATOUS,Pertaining to eczema; having the characteristic of eczema.
EDACIOUS,Given to eating; voracious; devouring.Swallowed in the depths of edacious
Time. Carlyle.-- E*da"cious*ly, adv.-- E*da"cious*ness, n.
EDACITY,Greediness; voracity; ravenousness; rapacity. Bacon.
EDDA,The religious or mythological book of the old Scandinaviantribes of German
origin, containing two collections of Sagas(legends, myths) of the old northern
gods and heroes.
EDDER,An adder or serpent. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
EDDISH,Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See Arrish. [Eng.]
EDDOES,The tubers of Colocasia antiquorum. See Taro.
EDDY CURRENT,An induced electric current circulating wholly within a mass ofmetal;
-- called also Foucault current.
EDDY KITE,A quadrilateral, tailless kite, with convex surfaces exposed tothe wind.
This kite was extensively used by Eddy in his famousmeteorological experiments. It
is now generally superseded by the boxkite.
EDDY,To move as an eddy, or as in an eddy; to move in a circle.Eddying round and
round they sink. Wordsworth.
EDELWEISS,A little, perennial, white, woolly plant (Leontopodiumalpinum), growing
at high elevations in the Alps.
EDEMA,Same as oedema.
EDEN,The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a delightfulregion or
residence.
EDENIC,Of or pertaining to Eden; paradisaic. "Edenic joys." Mrs.Browning.
EDENITE,A variety of amphibole. See Amphibole.
EDENIZED,Admitted to a state of paradisaic happiness. [R.] Davies (Wit'sPilgr. ).
EDENTAL,See Edentate, a.-- n. (Zoöl.)
EDENTALOUS,See Edentate, a.
EDENTATA,An order of mammals including the armadillos, sloths, andanteaters; --
called also Bruta. The incisor teeth are rarelydeveloped, and in some groups all
the teeth are lacking.
EDENTATE,Belonging to the Edentata.
EDENTATED,Same as Edentate, a.
EDENTATION,A depriving of teeth. [R.] Cockeram.
EDENTULOUS,Toothless.
EDGEBONE,Same as Aitchbone.
EDGELESS,Without an edge; not sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an edgelesssword or weapon.
EDGELONG,In the direction of the edge. [Obs.]Three hundred thousand pieces have you
stuck Edgelong into theground. B. Jonson.
EDGESHOT,Having an edge planed, -- said of a board. Knight.
EDGINGLY,Gradually; gingerly. [R.]
EDGY,Having some of the forms, such as drapery or the like, toosharply defined. "An
edgy style of sculpture." Hazlitt.
EDH,The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter edh, capital form th in asimilar word:
oedher, other, dôedh, doth." March.
EDIBILITY,Suitableness for being eaten; edibleness.
EDIBLE,Fit to be eaten as food; eatable; esculent; as, edible fishes.Bacon.-- n.
EDIBLENESS,Suitableness for being eaten.
EDICT,A public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; theproclamation of a
law made by an absolute authority, as if by thevery act of announcement; a decree;
as, the edicts of the Romanemperors; the edicts of the French monarch.It stands as
an edict in destiny. Shak.Edict of Nantes (French Hist.), an edict issued by Henry
IV. (A. D.1598), giving toleration to Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV.(A.
D. 1685) was followed by terrible persecutions and theexpatriation of thousands of
French Protestants.
EDICTAL,Relating to, or consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman edictallaw.
EDIFICANT,Building; constructing. [R.] Dugard.
EDIFICATORY,Tending to edification. Bp. Hall.
EDIFICE,A building; a structure; an architectural fabric; -- chieflyapplied to
elegant houses, and other large buildings; as, a palace, achurch, a statehouse.
EDIFICIAL,Pertaining to an edifice; structural.
EDIFY,To improve. [R.] Swift.
EDIFYING,Instructing; improving; as, an edifying conversation.-- Ed"i*fy`ing*ly,
adv.-- Ed"i*fy`ing*ness, n.
EDILE,See Ædile.
EDILESHIP,The office of ædile. T. Arnold.
EDINGTONITE,A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in tetragonal crystals. It isa
hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta.
EDIT,To superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare forpublication; to
select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, forpublication; as, to edit a
newspaper.Philosophical treatises which have never been edited. Enfield.
EDITION DE LUXE,See Luxe.
EDITIONER,An editor. [Obs.]
EDITOR,One who edits; esp., a person who prepares, superintends,revises, and
corrects a book, magazine, or newspaper, etc., forpublication.
EDITORIAL,Of or pertaining to an editor; written or sanctioned by aneditor; as,
editorial labors; editorial remarks. editorial content
EDITORIALLY,In the manner or character of an editor or of an editorialarticle.
EDITORSHIP,The office or charge of an editor; care and superintendence ofa
publication.
EDITRESS,A female editor.
EDITUATE,To guard as a churchwarden does. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
EDOMITE,One of the descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother of Jacob;an Idumean.
EDRIOPHTHALMA,A group of Crustacea in which the eyes are without stalks;
theArthrostraca. [Written also Edriophthalmata.]
EDRIOPHTHALMOUS,Pertaining to the Edriophthalma.
EDUCABILITY,Capability of being educated.
EDUCABLE,Capable of being educated. "Men are educable." M. Arnold.
EDUCATE,To bring as, to educate a child; to educate the eye or thetaste.
EDUCATED,Formed or developed by education; as, an educated man.
EDUCATION,The act or process of educating; the result of educating, asdetermined by
the knowledge skill, or discipline of character,acquired; also, the act or process
of training by a prescribed orcustomary course of study or discipline; as, an
education for the baror the pulpit; he has finished his education.To prepare us for
complete living is the function which education hasto discharge. H. Spenser.
EDUCATIONAL,Of or pertaining to education. "His educational establishment."J. H.
Newman.
EDUCATIONIST,One who is versed in the theories of, or who advocates andpromotes,
education.
EDUCATIVE,Tending to educate; that gives education; as, an educativeprocess; an
educative experience.
EDUCATOR,One who educates; a teacher.
EDUCE,To bring or draw out; to cause to appear; to produce againstcounter agency or
influence; to extract; to evolve; as, to educe aform from matter.The eternal art
educing good from ill. Pope.They want to educe and cultivate what is best and
noblest inthemselves. M. Arnold.
EDUCIBLE,Capable of being educed.
EDUCT,That which is educed, as by analysis. Sir W. Hamilton.
EDUCTION,The act of drawing out or bringing into view. Eduction pipe,and Eduction
port. See Exhaust pipe and Exhaust port, under Exhaust,a.
EDUCTIVE,Tending to draw out; extractive.
EDUCTOR,One who, or that which, brings forth, elicits, or extracts.Stimulus must be
called an eductor of vital ether. E. Darwin.
EDULCORANT,Having a tendency to purify or to sweeten by removing orcorrecting
acidity and acrimony.
EDULCORATE,To free from acids, salts, or other soluble substances, bywashing; to
purify. [R.]
EDULCORATION,The act of freeing from acids or any soluble substances, byaffusions
of water. [R.] Ure.
EDULCORATIVE,Tending to
EDULCORATOR,A contrivance used to supply small quantities of sweetenedliquid,
water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes, etc.; adropping bottle.
EDULIOUS,Edible. [Obs.] "Edulious pulses." Sir T. Browne.
EEL,An elongated fish of many genera and species. The common eelsof Europe and
America belong to the genus Anguilla. The electricaleel is a species of Gymnotus.
The so called vinegar eel is a minutenematode worm. See Conger eel, Electric eel,
and Gymnotus.
EEL-MOTHER,The eelpout.
EELBUCK,An eelpot or eel basket.
EELFARE,A brood of eels. [Prov. Eng.]
EELGRASS,A plant (Zostera marina), with very long and narrow leaves,growing
abundantly in shallow bays along the North Atlantic coast.
EELPOT,A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels;an eelbuck.
EELSPEAR,A spear with barbed forks for spearing eels.
EEN,The old plural of Eye.And eke with fatness swollen were his een. Spenser.
EERILY,In a strange, unearthly way.
EERISOME,Causing fear; eerie. [Scot.]
EET,of Eat. Chaucer.
EFFABLE,Capable of being uttered or explained; utterable. Barrow.
EFFACEABLE,Capable of being effaced.
EFFACEMENT,The act if effacing; also, the result of the act.
EFFASCINATE,To charm; to bewitch. [Obs.] Heywood.
EFFASCINATION,A charming; state of being bewitched or deluded. [Obs.]
EFFECT,Goods; movables; personal estate; -- sometimes used to embracereal as well
as personal property; as, the people escaped from thetown with their effects. For
effect, for an exaggerated impression orexcitement.-- In effect, in fact; in
substance. See 8, above.-- Of no effect, Of none effect, To no effect, or Without
effect,destitute of results, validity, force, and the like; vain; fruitless."Making
the word of God of none effect through your tradition." Markvii. 13. "All my study
be to no effect." Shak.-- To give effect to, to make valid; to carry out in
practice; topush to its results.-- To take effect, to become operative, to
accomplish aims. Shak.
EFFECTER,One who effects.
EFFECTIBLE,Capable of being done or achieved; practicable; feasible. SirT. Browne.
EFFECTION,Creation; a doing. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
EFFECTIVE,Having the power to produce an effect or effects; producing adecided or
decisive effect; efficient; serviceable; operative; as, aneffective force, remedy,
speech; the effective men in a regiment.They are not effective of anything, nor
leave no work behind them.Bacon.Whosoever is an effective, real cause of doing his
heighbor wrong, iscriminal. Jer. Taylor.
EFFECTIVELY,With effect; powerfully; completely; thoroughly.
EFFECTIVENESS,The quality of being effective.
EFFECTLESS,Without effect or advantage; useless; bootless. Shak.-- Ef*fect"less*ly,
adv.
EFFECTOR,An effecter. Derham.
EFFECTUAL,Producing, or having adequate power or force to produce, anintended
effect; adequate; efficient; operative; decisive. Shak.Effectual steps for the
suppression of the rebellion. Macaulay.Effectual calling (Theol.), a doctrine
concerning the work of theHoly Spirit in producing conviction of sin and acceptance
ofsalvation by Christ, -- one of the five points of Calvinism. SeeCalvinism.
EFFECTUALNESS,The quality of being effectual.
EFFECTUATE,To bring to pass; to effect; to achieve; to accomplish; tofulfill.A fit
instrument to effectuate his desire. Sir P. Sidney.In order to effectuate the
thorough reform. G. T. Curtis.
EFFECTUATION,Act of effectuating.
EFFECTUOUSLY,Effectively. [Obs.]
EFFEMINACY,Characteristic quality of a woman, such as softness,luxuriousness,
delicacy, or weakness, which is unbecoming a man;womanish delicacy or softness; --
used reproachfully of men. Milton.
EFFEMINATE,To make womanish; to make soft and delicate; to weaken.It will not
corrupt or effeminate children's minds. Locke.
EFFEMINATENESS,The state of being effeminate; unmanly softness. Fuller.
EFFEMINATION,Effeminacy; womanishness. [Obs.] Bacon.
EFFEMINIZE,To make effeminate. [Obs.]
EFFENDI,Master; sir; -- a title of a Turkish state official and man oflearning,
especially one learned in the law.
EFFERENT,An efferent duct or stream.
EFFEROUS,Like a wild beast; fierce. [Obs.]
EFFERVESCE,A kind of natural ebullition; that commotion of a fluid whichtakes place
when some part of the mass flies off in a gaseous form,producing innumerable small
bubbles; as, the effervescence of acarbonate with citric acid.
EFFERVESCENT,Gently boiling or bubbling, by means of the disengagement ofgas
EFFERVESCIBLE,Capable of effervescing.
EFFERVESCIVE,Tending to produce effervescence. "An effervescive force."Hickok.
EFFET,The common newt; -- called also asker, eft, evat, and ewt.
EFFETE,No longer capable of producing young, as an animal, or fruit,as the earth;
hence, worn out with age; exhausted of energy;incapable of efficient action; no
longer productive; barren; sterile.Effete results from virile efforts. Mrs.
BrowningIf they find the old governments effete, worn out, . . . they mayseek new
ones. Burke.
EFFICACIOUS,Possessing the quality of being effective; productive of, orpowerful to
produce, the effect intended; as, an efficacious law.
EFFICACITY,Efficacy. [R.] J. Fryth.
EFFICACY,Power to produce effects; operation or energy of an agent orforce;
production of the effect intended; as, the efficacy ofmedicine in counteracting
disease; the efficacy of prayer. "Ofnoxious efficacy." Milton.
EFFICIENT,Causing effects; producing results; that makes the effect to bewhat it
is; actively operative; not inactive, slack, or incapable;characterized by
energetic and useful activity; as, an efficientofficer, power.The efficient cause
is the working cause. Wilson.
EFFICIENTLY,With effect; effectively.
EFFIERCE,To make fierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
EFFIGIAL,Relating to an effigy.
EFFIGIATE,To form as an effigy; hence, to fashion; to adapt.[He must] effigiate and
conform himself to those circumstances. Jer.Taylor.
EFFIGIATION,The act of forming in resemblance; an effigy. Fuller.
EFFIGIES,See Effigy. Dryden.
EFFIGY,The image, likeness, or representation of a person, whether afull figure, or
a part; an imitative figure; -- commonly applied tosculptured likenesses, as those
on monuments, or to those of theheads of princes on coins and medals, sometimes
applied to portraits.To burn, or To hang, in effigy, to burn or to hang an image
orpicture of a person, as a token of public odium.
EFFLAGITATE,To ask urgently. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EFFLATE,To fill with breath; to puff up. Sir T. Herbert.
EFFLATION,The act of filling with wind; a breathing or puffing out; apuff, as of
wind.A soft efflation of celestial fire. Parnell.
EFFLORESCE,To change on the surface, or throughout, to a whitish, mealy,or
crystalline powder, from a gradual decomposition, esp. from theloss of water, on
simple exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts,and many others, effloresce.
EFFLORESCENCE,Flowering, or state of flowering; the blooming of flowers;blowth.
EFFLORESCENCY,The state or quality of being efflorescent; efflorescence.
EFFLOWER,To remove the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, bluntin its
middle part, -- as in making chamois leather.
EFFLUENCY,Effluence.
EFFLUENT,Flowing out; as, effluent beams. Parnell.
EFFLUVIABLE,Capable of being given off as an effluvium. "Effluviablematter." Boyle.
EFFLUVIAL,Belonging to effluvia.
EFFLUVIATE,To give forth effluvium. [R.] "An effluviating power." Boyle.
EFFLUVIUM,Subtile or invisible emanation; exhalation perceived by thesense of
smell; especially, noisome or noxious exhalation; as, theeffluvium from diseased or
putrefying bodies, or from ill drainage.
EFFLUX,To run out; to flow forth; to pass away. [Obs.] Boyle.
EFFODIENT,Digging up.
EFFORCE,To force; to constrain; to compel to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.
EFFORM,To form; to shape. [Obs.]Efforming their words within their lips. Jer.
Taylor.
EFFORMATION,The act of giving shape or form. [Obs.] Ray.
EFFORT,A force acting on a body in the direction of its motion.Rankine.
EFFORTLESS,Making no effort. Southey.
EFFOSSION,A digging out or up. [R.] "The effossion of coins." Arbuthnot.
EFFRANCHISE,To enfranchise.
EFFRAY,To frighten; to scare. [Obs.] Spenser.
EFFRAYABLE,Frightful. [Obs.] Harvey.
EFFRENATION,Unbridled license; unruliness. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EFFRONT,To give assurance to. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EFFRONTERY,Impudence or boldness in confronting or in transgressing thebounds of
duty or decorum; insulting presumptuousness; shamelessboldness; barefaced
assurance.Corruption lost nothing of its effrontery. Bancroft.
EFFRONTIT,Marked by impudence. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
EFFRONTUOUSLY,Impudently. [Obs.] R. North.
EFFULGE,To cause to shine with abundance of light; to radiate; to beam.[R.]His eyes
effulging a peculiar fire. Thomson.
EFFULGENCE,The state of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy; a flood oflight; great
luster or brightness; splendor.The effulgence of his glory abides. Milton.The
bright and the balmy effulgence of morn. Beattie.
EFFULGENT,Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright;splendid.
"Effulgent rays of light." Cowper.
EFFULGENTLY,In an effulgent manner.
EFFUMABILITY,The capability of flying off in fumes or vapor. [Obs.] Boyle.
EFFUME,To breathe or puff out. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
EFFUND,To pour out. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
EFFUSE,Spreading loosely, especially on one side; as, an effuseinflorescence.
Loudon.
EFFUSIVE,Pouring out; pouring forth freely. "Washed with the effusivewave." Pope.
Effusive rocks (Geol.), volcanic rocks, in distinctionfrom so-called intrusive, or
plutonic, rocks.-- Ef*fu"sive*ly, adv.-- Ef*fu"sive*ness, n.
EFREET,See Afrit.
EFT,Again; afterwards; soon; quickly. [Obs.]I wold never eft comen into the snare.
Spenser.
EGAD,An exclamation expressing exultation or surprise, etc.
EGAL,Equal; impartial. [Obs.] Shak.
EGALITY,Equality. Chaucer. Tennyson.
EGEAN,See Ægean.
EGENCE,The state of needing, or of suffering a natural want. [R.] J.Grote.
EGER,An impetuous flood; a bore. See Eagre.
EGERMINATE,To germinate. [Obs.]
EGEST,To cast or throw out; to void, as excrement; to excrete, as theindigestible
matter of the food; in an extended sense, to excrete bythe lungs, skin, or kidneys.
EGESTA,That which is egested or thrown off from the body by thevarious excretory
channels; excrements; -- opposed to ingesta.
EGESTION,Act or process of egesting; a voiding. Sir M. Hale.
EGG SQUASH,A variety of squash with small egg-shaped fruit.
EGG,The oval or roundish body laid by domestic poultry and otherbirds, tortoises,
etc. It consists of a yolk, usually surrounded bythe "white" or albumen, and
inclosed in a shell or strong membrane.
EGG-BIRD,A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern (Sterna fuliginosa) ofthe West
Indies. In the Bahama Islands the name is applied to thetropic bird, Phaëthon
flavirostris.
EGG-CUP,A cup used for holding an egg, at table.
EGG-GLASS,A small sandglass, running about three minutes, for markingtime in
boiling eggs; also, a small glass for holding an egg, attable.
EGG-SHAPED,Resembling an egg in form; ovoid.
EGGAR,Any bombycid moth of the genera Eriogaster and Lasiocampa; as,the oak eggar
(L. roboris) of Europe.
EGGEMENT,Instigation; incitement. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EGGER,One who gathers eggs; an eggler.
EGGERY,A place where eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or kept; anest of eggs.
[R.]
EGGHOT,A kind of posset made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and ale. Lamb.
EGGLER,One who gathers, or deals in, eggs.
EGGNOG,A drink consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar, milk, and(usually) wine or
spirits.
EGGPLANT,A plant (Solanum Melongena), of East Indian origin, allied tothe tomato,
and bearing a large, smooth, edible fruit, shapedsomewhat like an egg; mad-apple.
EGGSHELL,A smooth, white, marine, gastropod shell of the genus Ovulum,resembling an
egg in form.
EGHEN,Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EGILOPICAL,Pertaining to, of the nature of, or affected with, an ægilops,or tumor
in the corner of the eye.
EGILOPS,See Ægilops.
EGLATERE,Eglantine. [Obs. or R.] [Written also eglantere.] Tennyson.
EGLING,The European perch when two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
EGLOMERATE,To unwind, as a thread from a ball. [R.]
EGO,The conscious and permanent subject of all psychicalexperiences, whether held
to be directly known or the product ofreflective thought; -- opposed to non-ego.
EGOICAL,Pertaining to egoism. [R.]
EGOISM,The doctrine of certain extreme adherents or disciples ofDescartes and
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which finds all the elements ofknowledge in the ego and the
relations which it implies or providesfor.
EGOIST,A believer in egoism.
EGOISTICALLY,In an egoistic manner.
EGOITY,Personality. [R.] Swift.
EGOMISM,Egoism. [R.] A. Baxter.
EGOPHONIC,Belonging to, or resembling, egophony.
EGOPHONY,The sound of a patient's voice so modified as to resemble thebleating of a
goat, heard on applying the ear to the chest in certaindiseases within its cavity,
as in pleurisy with effusion.
EGOTHEISM,The deification of self. [R.]
EGOTISM,The practice of too frequently using the word I; hence, aspeaking or
writing overmuch of one's self; self-exaltation; self-praise; the act or practice
of magnifying one's self or paradingone's own doings. The word is also used in the
sense of egoism.His excessive egotism, which filled all objects with
himself.Hazlitt.
EGOTIST,One addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of himself ormagnifies his own
achievements or affairs.
EGOTISTICALLY,With egotism.
EGOTIZE,To talk or write as an egotist. Cowper.
EGRANULOSE,Having no granules, as chlorophyll in certain conditions. R.Brown.
EGRE,See Eager, and Eagre. [Obs.]
EGREGIOUS,Surpassing; extraordinary; distinguished (in a bad sense); --formerly
used with words importing a good quality, but now joinedwith words having a bad
sense; as, an egregious rascal; an egregiousass; an egregious mistake.The egregious
impudence of this fellow. Bp. Hall.His [Wyclif's] egregious labors are not to be
neglected. Milton.
EGREGIOUSLY,Greatly; enormously; shamefully; as, egregiously cheated.
EGREGIOUSNESS,The state of being egregious.
EGREMOIN,Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria). [Obs.] Chaucer.
EGRESS,The passing off from the sun's disk of an inferior planet, in atransit.
EGRESSION,The act of going; egress. [R.] B. Jonson.
EGRESSOR,One who goes out. [R.]
EGRET,The name of several species of herons which bear plumes on theback. They are
generally white. Among the best known species are theAmerican egret (Ardea, or
Herodias, egretta); the great egret (A.alba); the little egret (A. garzetta), of
Europe; and the Americansnowy egret (A. candidissima).A bunch of egrets killed for
their plumage. G. W. Cable.
EGRETTE,Same as Egret, n.,
EGRIMONY,The herb agrimony. [Obs.]
EGRIOT,A kind of sour cherry. Bacon.
EGRITUDE,Sickness; ailment; sorrow. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
EGYPTIAN,Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa. Egyptian bean. (Bot.) (a) Thebeanlike
fruit of an aquatic plant (Nelumbium speciosum), somewhatresembling the water lily.
(b) See under Bean,
EGYPTIZE,To give an Egyptian character or appearance to. Fairbairn.
EGYPTOLOGICAL,Of, pertaining to, or devoted to, Egyptology.
EGYPTOLOGY,The science or study of Egyptian antiquities, esp. thehieroglyphics.
EH,An expression of inquiry or slight surprise.
EHLITE,A mineral of a green color and pearly luster; a hydrousphosphate of copper.
EIDER,Any species of sea duck of the genus Somateria, esp. Somateriamollissima,
which breeds in the northern parts of Europe and America,and lines its nest with
fine down (taken from its own body) which isan article of commerce; -- called also
eider duck. The American eider(S. Dresseri), the king eider (S. spectabilis), and
the spectacledeider (Arctonetta Fischeri) are related species. Eider down. Etym:
[Cf. Icel. æ\'ebardun, Sw. eiderdun, Dan. ederduun.] Down of theeider duck, much
sought after as an article of luxury.
EIDOGRAPH,An instrument for copying drawings on the same or a differentscale; a
form of the pantograph.
EIDOLON,An image or representation; a form; a phantom; an apparition.Sir W. Scott.
EIGH,An exclamation expressing delight.
EIGHT,An island in a river; an ait. [Obs.] "Osiers on their eights."Evelyn.
EIGHTEEN,Eight and ten; as, eighteen pounds.
EIGHTEENMO,See Octodecimo.
EIGHTETETHE,Eighteenth. [Obs.]
EIGHTFOLD,Eight times a quantity.
EIGHTH,The interval of an octave.
EIGHTHLY,As the eighth in order.
EIGHTIETH,The quotient of a unit divided by eighty; one of eighty equalparts.
EIGHTLING,A compound or twin crystal made up of eight individuals.
EIGHTSCORE,Eight times twenty; a hundred and sixty.
EIGHTY,Eight times ten; fourscore.
EIGNE,Eldest; firstborn. Blackstone.
EIKING,See Eking.
EIKON,An image or effigy; -- used rather in an abstract sense, andrarely for a work
of art.
EIKONOGEN,The sodium salt of a sulphonic acid of a naphthol,C10H5(OH)(NH2)SO3Na
used as a developer.
EIKOSANE,A solid hydrocarbon, C20H42, of the paraffine series, ofartificial
production, and also probably occurring in petroleum.
EIKOSYLENE,A liquid hydrocarbon, C20H38, of the acetylene series, obtainedfrom
brown coal.
EILD,Age. [Obs.] Fairfax.
EIRE,Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EIRENARCH,A justice of the peace; irenarch.
EIRENIC,Pacific. See Irenic.
EIRIE,See Aerie, and Eyrie.
EISEL,Vinegar; verjuice. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
EISTEDDFOD,Am assembly or session of the Welsh bards; an annual congressof bards,
minstrels and literati of Wales, -- being a patrioticrevival of the old custom.
EITHER,precedes two, or more, coördinate words or phrases, and isintroductory to an
alternative. It is correlative to or.Either he is talking, or he is pursuing, or he
is in a journey, orperadventure he sleepeth. 1 Kings xviii. 27.Few writers hesitate
to use either in what is called a triplealternative; such as, We must either stay
where we are, proceed, orrecede. Latham.
EJACULATE,To utter ejaculations; to make short and hasty exclamations.[R.]
"Ejaculating to himself." Sir W. Scott.
EJACULATION,The act of ejecting or suddenly throwing, as a fluid from aduct.
EJACULATOR,A muscle which helps ejaculation.
EJECT,To cast out; to evict; to dispossess; as, to eject tenants froman estate.
EJECTA,Matter ejected; material thrown out; as, the ejecta of avolcano; the ejecta,
or excreta, of the body.
EJECTION,The act or process of discharging anything from the body,particularly the
excretions.
EJECTMENT,A species of mixed action, which lies for the recovery ofpossession of
real property, and damages and costs for the wrongfulwithholding of it. Wharton.
EJECTOR,A jet jump for lifting water or withdrawing air from a space.Ejector
condenser (Steam Engine), a condenser in which the vacuum ismaintained by a jet
pump.
EJOO,Gomuti fiber. See Gomuti.
EJULATION,A wailing; lamentation. [Obs.] "Ejulation in the pangs ofdeath." Philips.
EKALUMINIUM,The name given to a hypothetical element, -- later discoveredand called
gallium. See Gallium, and cf. Ekabor.
EKASILICON,The name of a hypothetical element predicted and afterwardsdiscovered
and named germanium; -- so called because it was a missinganalogue of the silicon
group. See Germanium, and cf. Ekkabor.
EKE,To increase; to add to; to augment; -- now commonly used without, the notion
conveyed being to add to, or piece out by alaborious, inferior, or scanty addition;
as, to eke out a scantysupply of one kind with some other. "To eke my pain."
Spenser.He eked out by his wits an income of barely fifty pounds. Macaulay.
EKEBERGITE,A variety of scapolite.
EKENAME,An additional or epithet name; a nickname. [Obs.]
ELABORATE,Wrought with labor; finished with great care; studied; executedwith
exactness or painstaking; as, an elaborate discourse; anelaborate performance;
elaborate research.Drawn to the life in each elaborate page. Waller.
ELABORATED,developed or executed with care and in minute detail; as, thecarefully
elaborated theme.Syn. -- detailed, elaborate.[WordNet 1.5]
ELABORATION,The natural process of formation or assimilation, performed bythe
living organs in animals and vegetables, by which a crudesubstance is changed into
something of a higher order; as, theelaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration
of chyle, or sap, ortissues.
ELABORATIVE,Serving or tending to elaborate; constructing with labor andminute
attention to details. Elaborative faculty (Metaph.), theintellectual power of
discerning relations and of viewing objects bymeans of, or in, relations; the
discursive faculty; thought.
ELABORATOR,One who, or that which, elaborates.
ELABORATORY,Tending to elaborate.
ELAEAGNUS,A genus of shrubs or small trees, having the foliage coveredwith small
silvery scales; oleaster.
ELAEIS,A genus of palms.
ELAEOLITE,A variety of hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster, andgray to
reddish color. Elæolite syenite, a kind of syenitecharacterized by the presence of
elæolite.
ELAEOPTENE,The more liquid or volatile portion of certain oily substance,as
distinguished from stearoptene, the more solid parts. [Writtenalso elaoptene.]
ELAIDATE,A salt of elaidic acid.
ELAIDIC,Relating to oleic acid, or elaine. Elaidic acid (Chem.), afatty acid
isomeric with oleic acid, and obtained from it by theaction of nitrous acid.
ELAIDIN,A solid isomeric modification of olein.
ELAIODIC,Derived from castor oil; ricinoleic; as, elaiodic acid. [R.]
ELAIOMETER,An apparatus for determining the amount of oil contained in
anysubstance, or for ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.
ELAMITE,A dweller in Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom ofSouthwestern Asia,
afterwards a province of Persia.
ELAMPING,Shining. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
ELAN,Ardor inspired by passion or enthusiasm.
ELANCE,To throw as a lance; to hurl; to dart. [R.]While thy unerring hand elanced .
. . a dart. Prior.
ELAND,A species of large South African antelope (Oreas canna). It isvalued both for
its hide and flesh, and is rapidly disappearing inthe settled districts; -- called
also Cape elk.
ELANET,A kite of the genus Elanus.
ELAOLITE,See Elæolite.
ELAOPTENE,See Elæoptene.
ELAPHINE,Pertaining to, resembling, or characteristic of, the stag, orCervus
elaphus.
ELAPHURE,A species of deer (Elaphurus Davidianus) found in china. Itabout four feet
high at the shoulder and has peculiar antlers.
ELAPIDATION,A clearing away of stones. [R.]
ELAPINE,Like or pertaining to the Elapidæ, a family of poisonousserpents, including
the cobras. See Ophidia.
ELAPS,A genus of venomous snakes found both in America and the OldWorld. Many
species are known. See Coral snake, under Coral.
ELAPSE,To slip or glide away; to pass away silently, as time; -- usedchiefly in
reference to time.Eight days elapsed; at length a pilgrim came. Hoole.
ELAPSION,The act of elapsing. [R.]
ELAQUEATE,To disentangle. [R.]
ELASIPODA,An order of holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They areremarkable
for their bilateral symmetry and curious forms. [Writtenalso Elasmopoda.]
ELASMOBRANCH,Of or pertaining to the Elasmobranchii.-- n.
ELASMOBRANCHIATE,Of or pertaining to Elasmobranchii.-- n.
ELASMOBRANCHII,A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks, the rays, and
theChimæra. The skeleton is mainly cartilaginous.
ELASMOSAURUS,An extinct, long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile fromKansas, allied
to Plesiosaurus.
ELASTIC,An elastic woven fabric, as a belt, braces or suspenders, etc.,made in part
of India rubber. [Colloq.]
ELASTICAL,Elastic. [R.] Bentley.
ELASTICALLY,In an elastic manner; by an elastic power; with a spring.
ELASTICNESS,The quality of being elastic; elasticity.
ELASTIN,A nitrogenous substance, somewhat resembling albumin, whichforms the
chemical basis of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble inmost fluids, but is
gradually dissolved when digested with eitherpepsin or trypsin.
ELATEDLY,With elation.
ELATEDNESS,The state of being elated.
ELATER,One who, or that which, elates.
ELATERITE,A mineral resin, of a blackish brown color, occurring in soft,flexible
masses; -- called also mineral caoutchouc, and elasticbitumen.
ELATERIUM,A cathartic substance obtained, in the form of yellowish orgreenish
cakes, as the dried residue of the juice of the wild orsquirting cucumber
(Ecballium agreste, formerly called MomordicaElaterium).
ELATEROMETER,Same as Elatrometer.
ELATERY,Acting force; elasticity. [Obs.] Ray.
ELATION,A lifting up by success; exaltation; inriation with pride ofprosperity.
"Felt the elation of triumph." Sir W. Scott.
ELATIVE,Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what is also called theabsolute
superlative, denoting a high or intense degree of a quality,but not excluding the
idea that an equal degree may exist in othercases.
ELATROMETER,An instrument for measuring the degree of rarefaction of aircontained
in the receiver of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]
ELAYL,Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so called by Berzelius from itsforming an oil
combining with chlorine. [Written also elayle.] SeeEthylene.
ELBOW,A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other woodwork;the upright
sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides ofwindows, where the jamb makes an
elbow with the window back. Gwilt.
ELBOWBOARD,The base of a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.
ELBOWCHAIR,A chair with arms to support the elbows; an armchair. Addison.
ELBOWROOM,Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motionor action;
free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak.Then came a stretch of grass and a
little more elbowroom. W. G.Norris.
ELCAJA,An Arabian tree (Trichilia emetica). The fruit, which isemetic, is sometimes
employed in the composition of an ointment forthe cure of the itch.
ELCESAITE,One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the EmperorTrajan.
ELD,Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ELDER,A clergyman authorized to administer all the sacraments; as, atraveling
elder. Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an elder commissionedby a bishop to have the
oversight of the churches and preachers in acertain district.-- Ruling elder, a lay
presbyter or member of a Presbyterian churchsession. Schaff.
ELDERBERRY,The berrylike drupe of the elder. That of the Old World elder(Sambucus
nigra) and that of the American sweet elder (S. Canadensis)are sweetish acid, and
are eaten as a berry or made into wine.
ELDERISH,Somewhat old; elderly. [R.]
ELDERLY,Somewhat old; advanced beyond middle age; bordering on old age;as, elderly
people.
ELDERN,Made of elder. [Obs.]He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns. Marston.
ELDERWORT,Danewort.
ELDING,Fuel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
ELDRITCH,Hideous; ghastly; as, an eldritch shriek or laugh. [Local,Eng.]
ELEATIC,Of or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers whotaught that
the only certain science is that which owes nothing tothe senses, and all to the
reason.-- n.
ELEATICISM,The Eleatic doctrine.
ELECAMPANE,A large, coarse herb (Inula Helenium), with composite yellowflowers. The
root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, andwas formerly of much repute
as a stomachic.
ELECT,Chosen as the object of mercy or divine favor; set apart toeternal life. "The
elect angels." 1 Tim. v. 21.
ELECTANT,One who has the power of choosing; an elector. [R.]
ELECTARY,See Electuary.
ELECTIC,See Eclectic.
ELECTICISM,See Eclecticism.
ELECTION,Divine choice; predestination of individuals as objects ofmercy and
salvation; -- one of the "five points" of Calvinism.There is a remnant according to
the election of grace. Rom. xi. 5.
ELECTIONEER,To make interest for a candidate at an election; to use artsfor
securing the election of a candidate.A master of the whole art of electioneering.
Macaulay.
ELECTIONEERER,One who electioneers.
ELECTIVE,In an American college, an optional study or course of study.[Colloq.]
ELECTIVELY,In an elective manner; by choice.
ELECTOR,Pertaining to an election or to electors.In favor of the electoral and
other princes. Burke.Electoral college, the body of princes formerly entitled to
elect theEmperor of Germany; also, a name sometimes given, in the UnitedStates, to
the body of electors chosen by the people to elect thePresident and Vice President.
ELECTORALITY,The territory or dignity of an elector; electorate. [R.] Sir H.Wotton.
ELECTORESS,An electress. Bp. Burnet.
ELECTORIAL,Electoral. Burke.
ELECTORSHIP,The office or status of an elector.
ELECTREPETER,An instrument used to change the direction of electriccurrents; a
commutator. [R.]
ELECTRESS,The wife or widow of an elector in the old German empire.Burke.
ELECTRIC,A nonconductor of electricity, as amber, glass, resin, etc.,employed to
excite or accumulate electricity.
ELECTRICALLY,In the manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly.
ELECTRICALNESS,The state or quality of being electrical.
ELECTRICIAN,An investigator of electricity; one versed in the science
ofelectricity.
ELECTRIFIABLE,Capable of receiving electricity, or of being charged with it.
ELECTRIFICATION,The act of electrifying, or the state of being charged
withelectricity.
ELECTRIFY,To become electric.
ELECTRITION,The recognition by an animal body of the electrical conditionof
external objects.
ELECTRIZATION,The act of electrizing; electrification.
ELECTRIZE,To electricity. Eng. Cyc.
ELECTRIZER,One who, or that which, electrizes.
ELECTRO,An electrotype.
ELECTRO-,A prefix or combining form signifying pertaining toelectricity, produced
by electricity, producing or employingelectricity, etc.; as, electro-negative;
electro-dynamic; electro-magnet.
ELECTRO-BALLISTIC,Pertaining to electro-ballistics.
ELECTRO-BALLISTICS,The art or science of measuring the force or velocity
ofprojectiles by means of electricity.
ELECTRO-BIOLOGIST,One versed in electro-biology.
ELECTRO-BIOSCOPY,A method of determining the presence or absence of life in
ananimal organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presenceor absence
of muscular contraction.
ELECTRO-CAPILLARITY,The occurrence or production of certain capillary effects bythe
action of an electrical current or charge.
ELECTRO-CAPILLARY,Pert. to, or caused by, electro-capillarity.
ELECTRO-CHEMICAL,Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry. Ure.
ELECTRO-CHEMISTRY,That branch of science which treats of the relation ofelectricity
to chemical changes.
ELECTRO-CHRONOGRAPH,An instrument for obtaining an accurate record of the time
atwhich any observed phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has anelectro-
magnetic register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.
ELECTRO-CHRONOGRAPHIC,Belonging to the electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid
ofit.
ELECTRO-DYNAMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-
dynamiccurrents.
ELECTRO-ENGRAVING,The art or process of engraving by means of electricity.
ELECTRO-ETCHING,A mode of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.
ELECTRO-GILDING,The art or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means
ofvoltaic electricity.
ELECTRO-GILT,Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.
ELECTRO-KINETIC,Of or pertaining to electro-kinetics.
ELECTRO-KINETICS,That branch of electrical science which treats of electricityin
motion.
ELECTRO-MAGNET,A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some othermagnetic
metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily magnetic bybeing placed within a
coil of wire through which a current ofelectricity is passing. The metal is
generally in the form of a bar,either straight, or bent into the shape of a
horseshoe.
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC,Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is developedby
the passage of an electric current. Electro-magnetic engine, anengine in which the
motive force is electro-magnetism.-- Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a
theory of lightwhich makes it consist in the rapid alternation of transient
electriccurrents moving transversely to the direction of the ray.
ELECTRO-MAGNETISM,The magnetism developed by a current of electricity; thescience
which treats of the development of magnetism by means ofvoltaic electricity, and of
the properties or actions of the currentsevolved.
ELECTRO-METALLURGY,The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical action,by
which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface, as inelectroplating and
electrotyping; galvanoplasty.
ELECTRO-MOTION,The motion of electricity or its passage from one metal toanother in
a voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means ofelectricity.
ELECTRO-MOTIVE,Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to
produce,electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action oreffects.
Electro-motive force (Physics), the force which produces, ortends to produce,
electricity, or an electric current; sometimes usedto express the degree of
electrification as equivalent to potential,or more properly difference of
potential.
ELECTRO-MUSCULAR,Pertaining the reaction (contraction) of the muscles
underelectricity, or their sensibility to it.
ELECTRO-NEGATIVE,A body which passes to the positive pole in electrolysis.
ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL,Pertaining to electrical results produced through
physiologicalagencies, or by change of action in a living organism.
ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY,That branch of physiology which treats of electric
phenomenaproduced through physiological agencies.
ELECTRO-POLAR,Possessing electrical polarity; positively electrified at oneend, or
on one surface, and negatively at the other; -- said of aconductor.
ELECTRO-POSITIVE,Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body
orbodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, inelectrolysis,
while the associated body tends to the positive pole; -- the converse or
correlative of electro-negative.
ELECTRO-PUNCTURE,An operation that consists in inserting needless in the
partaffected, and connecting them with the poles of a galvanic apparatus.
ELECTRO-STEREOTYPE,Same as Electrotype.
ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC,Pertaining to the electric telegraph, or by means of it.
ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHY,The art or science of constructing or using the
electrictelegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electrictelegraph.
ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS,The branch of medical science which treats of the
applicationsagent.
ELECTRO-THERMANCY,That branch of electrical science which treats of the effect ofan
electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a part ofa circuit
composed of two different metals.
ELECTRO-TINT,A style of engraving in relief by means of voltaic electricity.A
picture is drawn on a metallic plate with some material whichresists the fluids of
a battery; so that, in electro-typing, theparts not covered by the varnish, etc.,
receive a deposition ofmetal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast of
this isthen the plate for printing.
ELECTRO-VITAL,Derived from, or dependent upon, vital processes; -- said ofcertain
electric currents supposed by some physiologists to circulatein the nerves of
animals.
ELECTRO-VITALISM,The theory that the functions of living organisms are
dependentupon electricity or a kindred force.
ELECTROCUTE,To execute or put to death by electricity.-- E*lec`tro*cu"tion, n.
ELECTRODE,The path by which electricity is conveyed into or from asolution or other
conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires orconductors, leading from source of
electricity, and terminating inthe medium traversed by the current.
ELECTROGENESIS,Same as Electrogeny.
ELECTROGENIC,Of or pertaining to electrogenesis; as, an electrogeniccondition.
ELECTROGENY,A term sometimes applied to the effects (tetanus) produced inthe
muscles of the limbs, when a current of electricity is passedalong the spinal cord
or nerves.
ELECTROGRAPH,A mark, record, or tracing, made by the action of electricity.
ELECTROGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to an electrograph or electrography.
ELECTROLIER,A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to supportelectric
illuminating lamps.
ELECTROLOGY,That branch of physical science which treats of the phenomenaof
electricity and its properties.
ELECTROLYSIS,The act or process of chemical decomposition, by the action
ofelectricity; as, the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating;the
electrolysis of water.
ELECTROLYTE,A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by anelectric
current.
ELECTROLYZABLE,Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by electricity.
ELECTROLYZATION,The act or the process of electrolyzing.
ELECTROLYZE,To decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.
ELECTROMETER,An instrument for measuring the quantity or intensity ofelectricity;
also, sometimes, and less properly, applied to aninstrument which indicates the
presence of electricity (usuallycalled an electroscope). Balance electrometer. See
under Balance.
ELECTROMETRY,The art or process of making electrical measurements.
ELECTROMOTOR,A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for generatinga
current of electricity.
ELECTRON,Amber; also, the alloy of gold and silver, called electrum.
ELECTRONIC,Of or pertaining to an electron or electrons.
ELECTROPATHY,The treatment of disease by electricity.
ELECTROPHONE,An instrument for producing sound by means of electriccurrents.
ELECTROPHORUS,An instrument for exciting electricity, and repeating thecharge
indefinitely by induction, consisting of a flat cake of resin,shelllac, or ebonite,
upon which is placed a plate of metal.
ELECTROPLATE,To plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver,nickel, or
gold, by means of electrolysis.
ELECTROPLATER,One who electroplates.
ELECTROPLATING,The art or process of depositing a coating (commonly) ofsilver,
gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means ofelectricity.
ELECTROSCOPE,An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, orchanges in
the electric state of bodies, or the species ofelectricity present, as by means of
pith balls, and the like.Condensing electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope
in which anincrease of sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.
ELECTROSCOPIC,Relating to, or made by means of, the electroscope.
ELECTROSTATIC,Pertaining to electrostatics.
ELECTROSTATICS,That branch of science which treats of statical electricity
orelectric force in a state of rest.
ELECTROTONIC,Of or pertaining to electrical tension; -- said of a supposedpeculiar
condition of a conducting circuit during its exposure to theaction of another
conducting circuit traversed by a uniform electriccurrent when both circuits remain
stationary. Faraday.
ELECTROTONIZE,To cause or produce electrotonus.
ELECTROTONOUS,Electrotonic.
ELECTROTONUS,The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current
ofelectricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus,
andCatelectrotonus.
ELECTROTYPE,A facsimile plate made by electrotypy for use in printing;also, an
impression or print from such plate. Also used adjectively.
ELECTROTYPER,One who electrotypes.
ELECTROTYPIC,Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.
ELECTROTYPING,The act or the process of making electrotypes.
ELECTROTYPY,The process of producing electrotype plates. See Note underElectrotype,
n.
ELECTUARY,A medicine composed of powders, or other ingredients,incorporated with
some convserve, honey, or sirup; a confection. Seethe note under Confection.
ELEEMOSYNARILY,In an eleemosynary manner; by charity; charitably.
ELEEMOSYNARY,One who subsists on charity; a dependent. South.
ELEGANTLY,In a manner to please nice taste; with elegance; with duesymmetry;
richly.
ELEGIAC,Elegiac verse.
ELEGIACAL,Elegiac.
ELEGIAST,One who composes elegies. Goldsmith.
ELEGIOGRAPHER,An elegist. [Obs.]
ELEGIST,A write of elegies. T. Warton.
ELEGIT,A judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant's goods areappraised and
delivered to the plaintiff, and, if no sufficient tosatisfy the debt, all of his
lands are delivered, to be held till thedebt is paid by the rents and profits, or
until the defendant'sinterest has expired.
ELEGIZE,To lament in an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac verse; tobewail. Carlyle.
ELEGY,A mournful or plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem oflamentation. Shak.
ELEIDIN,Lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute granules withinthe
protoplasm of living cells.
ELEMENTALISM,The theory that the heathen divinities originated in
thepersonification of elemental powers.
ELEMENTALITY,The condition of being composed of elements, or a thing socomposed.
ELEMENTALLY,According to elements; literally; as, the words, "Take, eat;this is my
body," elementally understood.
ELEMENTAR,Elementary. [Obs.] Skelton.
ELEMENTARINESS,The state of being elementary; original simplicity;uncompounded
state.
ELEMENTARITY,Elementariness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ELEMENTATION,Instruction in the elements or first principles. [R.]
ELEMENTOID,Resembling an element.
ELEMI,A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly tropical trees of thegenera Amyris and
Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican elemi; C.commune, the Manila elemi. It is
used in the manufacture ofvarnishes, also in ointments and plasters.
ELEMIN,A transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin bydistillation with
water; also, a crystallizable extract from theresin.
ELENCHICAL,Pertaining to an elench.
ELENCHICALLY,By means of an elench.
ELENCHIZE,To dispute. [R.] B. Jonson.
ELENCHUS,Same as Elench.
ELENGE,Sorrowful; wretched; full of trouble. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ELENGENESS,Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]
ELEPHANSY,Elephantiasis. [Obs.] Holland.
ELEPHANT,A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species,Elephas
Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species, areknown. They have a
proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusksproceeding from the extremity of the
upper jaw, and curving upwards.The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds.
Elephants arethe largest land animals now existing.
ELEPHANTIAC,Affected with elephantiasis; characteristic of elephantiasis.
ELEPHANTIASIS,A disease of the skin, in which it become enormously thickened,and is
rough, hard, and fissured, like an elephant's hide.
ELEPHANTINE,Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an elephant(commonly, in
size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as, of elephantineproportions; an elephantine
step or tread. Elephantine epoch (Geol.),the epoch distinguished by the existence
of large pachyderms.Mantell.-- Elephantine tortoise (Zoöl.), a huge land tortoise;
esp., Testudoelephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean; and T.
elephantopus,from the Galapagos Islands.
ELEUSINIAN,Pertaining to Eleusis, in Greece, or to secret rites in honorof Ceres,
there celebrated; as, Eleusinian mysteries or festivals.
ELEUTHERO-PETALOUS,Having the petals free, that is, entirely separate from
eachother; -- said of both plant and flower.
ELEUTHEROMANIA,A mania or frantic zeal for freedom. [R.] Carlyle.
ELEUTHEROMANIAC,Mad for freedom. [R.]
ELEVATE,Elevated; raised aloft. [Poetic] Milton.
ELEVATED,Uplifted; high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as, elevatedthoughts.
Elevated railway, one in which the track is raisedconsiderably above the ground,
especially a city railway above theline of street travel.
ELEVATEDNESS,The quality of being elevated.
ELEVATION,The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or thearc of a
vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon;altitude; as, the elevation
of the pole, or of a star.
ELEVATOR,One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything; as:(a) A mechanical
contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with aseries of scoops or buckets,
for transferring grain to an upper loftfor storage.(b) A cage or platform and the
hoisting machinery in a hotel,warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods,
etc., to or fromdifferent floors or levels; -- called in England a lift; the cage
orplatform itself.(c) A building for elevating, storing, and discharging, grain.(d)
(Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part of the body, as theleg or the eye.(e)
(Surg.) An instrument for raising a depressed portion of a bone.Elevator head, leg,
and boot, the boxes in which the upper pulley,belt, and lower pulley, respectively,
run in a grain elevator.
ELEVATORY,Tending to raise, or having power to elevate; as, elevatoryforces.
ELEVE,A pupil; a student.
ELEVEN,Ten and one added; as, eleven men.
ELEVENTH,Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the fourth.
ELF,To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.Elf all my hair in knots. Shak.
ELFIN,Relating to elves.
ELFISH,Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird; scarcelyhuman;
mischievous, as though caused by elves. "Elfish light."Coleridge.The elfish
intelligence that was so familiar an expression on hersmall physiognomy. Hawthorne.
ELFISHLY,In an elfish manner.
ELFISHNESS,The quality of being elfish.
ELFKIN,A little elf.
ELFLAND,Fairyland. Tennyson.
ELFLOCK,Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.
ELGIN MARBLES,Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were obtained atAthens,
about 1811, by Lord Elgin.
ELICIT,Elicited; drawn out; made real; open; evident. [Obs.] "Anelicit act of
equity." Jer. Taylor.
ELICITATE,To elicit. [Obs.]
ELICITATION,The act of eliciting. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.
ELIDE,To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final one; tosubject to
elision.
ELIGIBILITY,The quality of being eligible; eligibleness; as, theeligibility of a
candidate; the eligibility of an offer of marriage.
ELIGIBLENESS,The quality worthy or qualified to be chosen;
suitableness;desirableness.
ELIGIBLY,In an eligible manner.
ELIMATE,To render smooth; to polish. [Obs.]
ELIMINANT,The result of eliminating n variables between n homogeneousequations of
any degree; -- called also resultant.
ELIMINATE,To cause to disappear from an equation; as, to eliminate anunknown
quantity.
ELIMINATION,the act of discharging or excreting waste products or foreignsubstances
through the various emunctories.
ELIMINATIVE,Relating to, or carrying on, elimination.
ELINGUATE,To deprive of the tongue. [Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).
ELINGUATION,Punishment by cutting out the tongue.
ELINGUID,Tongue-tied; dumb. [Obs.]
ELIQUAMENT,A liquid obtained from fat, or fat fish, by pressure.
ELIQUATION,The process of separating a fusible substance from one lessfusible, by
means of a degree of heat sufficient to melt the one andnot the other, as an alloy
of copper and lead; liquation. Ure.
ELISON,The cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for thesake of meter
or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a finalvowel standing before an
initial vowel in the following word, whenthe two words are drawn together.
ELISOR,An elector or chooser; one of two persons appointed by a courtto return a
jury or serve a writ when the sheriff and the coronersare disqualified.
ELITE,A choice or select body; the flower; as, the élite of society.
ELIX,To extract. [Obs.] Marston.
ELIXATE,To boil; to seethe; hence, to extract by boiling or seething.[Obs.]
Cockeram.
ELIXATION,A seething; digestion. [Obs.] Burton.
ELIXIR,A tincture with more than one base; a compound tincture ormedicine, composed
of various substances, held in solution by alcoholin some form.
ELIZABETHAN,Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times, esp. to thearchitecture or
literature of her reign; as, the Elizabethan writers,drama, literature.-- n.
ELK,A large deer, of several species. The European elk (Alcesmachlis or Cervus
alces) is closely allied to the American moose. TheAmerican elk, or wapiti (Cervus
Canadensis), is closely related tothe European stag. See Moose, and Wapiti. Irish
elk (Paleon.), alarge, extinct, Quaternary deer (Cervus giganteus) with
widelyspreading antlers. Its remains have been found beneath the peat ofswamps in
Ireland and England. See Illustration in Appendix; alsoIllustration of Antler.--
Cape elk (Zoöl.), the eland.
ELKNUT,The buffalo nut. See under Buffalo.
ELKWOOD,The soft, spongy wood of a species of Magnolia (M. Umbrella).
ELL,A measure for cloth; -- now rarely used. It is of differentlengths in different
countries; the English ell being 45 inches, theDutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch
about 37.
ELLACHICK,A fresh-water tortoise (Chelopus marmoratus) of California; --used as
food.
ELLAGIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as,ellagic acid.
Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance,C14H8O9, found in bezoar
stones, and obtained by the oxidation ofgallic acid.
ELLEBORE,Hellebore. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ELLEBORIN,See Helleborin.
ELLECK,The red gurnard or cuckoo fish. [Prov. Eng.]
ELLES,See Else. [Obs.]
ELLIPSE,An oval or oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, whichcorresponds to
an oblique projection of a circle, or an obliquesection of a cone through its
opposite sides. The greatest diameterof the ellipse is the major axis, and the
least diameter is the minoraxis. See Conic section, under Conic, and cf. Focus.
ELLIPSIS,Omission; a figure of syntax, by which one or more words, whichare
obviously understood, are omitted; as, the virtues I admire, for,the virtues which
I admire.
ELLIPSOGRAPH,An instrument for describing ellipses; -- called also trammel.
ELLIPSOID,A solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles.See Conoid,
n., 2 (a).
ELLIPTIC-LANCEOLATE,Having a form intermediate between elliptic and lanceolate.
ELLIPTICITY,Deviation of an ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circleor a
sphere; especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, thedifference between
the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided bythe equatorial; thus, the
ellipticity of the earth is
ELLIPTOGRAPH,Same as Ellipsograph.
ELLWAND,Formerly, a measuring rod an ell long.
ELM,A tree of the genus Ulmus, of several species, much used as ashade tree,
particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmuscampestris; the common American or
white elm is U. Americana; theslippery or red elm, U. fulva. Elm beetle (Zoöl.),
one of severalspecies of beetles (esp. Galeruca calmariensis), which feed on
theleaves of the elm.-- Elm borer (Zoöl.), one of several species of beetles of
which thelarvæ bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp.
Saperdatridentata).-- Elm butterfly (Zoöl.), one of several species of
butterflies,which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of the elm
(esp.Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma). See Comma butterfly, under Comma.-- Elm
moth (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of moths of which thelarvæ destroy the leaves
of the elm (esp. Eugonia subsignaria, calledelm spanworm).-- Elm sawfly (Zoöl.), a
large sawfly (Cimbex Americana). The larva,which is white with a black dorsal
stripe, feeds on the leaves of theelm.
ELMEN,Belonging to elms. [Obs.]
ELMY,Abounding with elms.The simple spire and elmy grange. T. Warton.
ELOCULAR,Having but one cell, or cavity; not divided by a septum orpartition.
ELOCUTIONARY,Pertaining to elocution.
ELOCUTIONIST,One who is versed in elocution; a teacher of elocution.
ELOCUTIVE,Pertaining to oratorical expression. [Obs.] Feltham.
ELODIAN,One of a tribe of tortoises, including the terrapins, etc., inwhich the
head and neck can be withdrawn.
ELOGE,A panegyrical funeral oration.
ELOGIST,One who pronounces an éloge.
ELOHIM,One of the principal names by which God is designated in theHebrew
Scriptures.
ELOHIST,The writer, or one of the writers, of the passages of the OldTestament,
notably those of Elohim instead of Jehovah, as the name ofthe Supreme Being; --
distinguished from Jehovist. S. Davidson.
ELOHISTIC,Relating to Elohim as a name of God; -- said of passages in theOld
Testament.
ELOIGN,To convey to a distance, or beyond the jurisdiction, or toconceal, as goods
liable to distress.The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are
eloigned.Blackstone.
ELOIGNATE,To remove. [Obs.] Howell.
ELOIGNMENT,Removal to a distance; withdrawal. [Obs.]
ELOIN,See Eloign.
ELOINATE,See Eloignate.
ELOINMENT,See Eloignment.
ELONGATE,To depart to, or be at, a distance; esp., to recede apparentlyfrom the
sun, as a planet in its orbit. [R.]
ELONGATION,The angular distance of a planet from the sun; as, theelongation of
Venus or Mercury.
ELOPE,To run away, or escape privately, from the place or station towhich one is
bound by duty; -- said especially of a woman or a man,either married or unmarried,
who runs away with a paramour or asweetheart.Great numbers of them [the women] have
eloped from their allegiance.Addison.
ELOPEMENT,The act of eloping; secret departure; -- said of a woman and aman, one or
both, who run away from their homes for marriage or forcohabitation.
ELOPER,One who elopes.
ELOPS,A genus of fishes. See Saury.
ELOQUENTLY,In an eloquent manner.
ELSE,Other; one or something beside; as, Who else is coming Whatelse shall I give
Do you expect anything else "Bastards and else."Shak.
ELSEWHITHER,To some, or any, other place; as, you will have to goelsewhither for
it. R. of Gloucester."For elsewhither was I bound."Carlyle.
ELSEWISE,Otherwise. [R.]
ELSIN,A shoemaker's awl. [Prov. Eng.]
ELUCIDATE,To make clear or manifest; to render more intelligible; toillustrate; as,
an example will elucidate the subject.
ELUCIDATION,A making clear; the act of elucidating or that whichelucidates, as an
explanation, an exposition, an illustration; as,one example may serve for further
elucidation of the subject.
ELUCIDATIVE,Making clear; tending to elucidate; as, an elucidative note.
ELUCIDATOR,One who explains or elucidates; an expositor.
ELUCIDATORY,Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]
ELUCTATE,To struggle out; -- with out. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.
ELUCTATION,A struggling out of any difficulty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ELUCUBRATE,See Lucubrate. [Obs.] Blount.
ELUCUBRATION,See Lucubration. [Obs.] Evelyn.
ELUDE,To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or dexterity; to escapefrom in a
covert manner; to mock by an unexpected escape; to baffle;as, to elude an officer;
to elude detection, inquiry, search,comprehension; to elude the force of an
argument or a blow.Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain, Then, hid in shades,
eludeshe eager swain. Pope.The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a
gradual processof which the stages elude close definition. Tylor.
ELUDIBLE,Capable of being eluded; evadible.
ELUL,The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred reckoning, orthe twelfth, by
the civil reckoning, corresponding nearly to themonth of September.
ELUMBATED,Weak or lame in the loins. [Obs.]
ELUSION,Act of eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; acheat; trickery.
ELUSIVE,Tending to elude; using arts or deception to escape; adroitlyescaping or
evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious.Elusive of the bridal day, she gives Fond
hopes to all, and all withhopes deceives. Pope.-- E*lu"sive*ly, adv.--
E*lu"sive*ness, n.
ELUSORY,Tending to elude or deceive; evasive; fraudulent; fallacious;deceitful;
deceptive.-- E*lu"so*ri*ness, n.
ELUTE,To wash out. [R.] Arbuthnot.
ELUTRIATE,To wash or strain out so as to purify; as, to elutriate theblood as it
passes through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as apowder which is separated
from heavier particles by being drawn offwith water; to cleanse, as by washing.
ELUTRIATION,The process of elutriating; a decanting or racking off by meansof
water, as finer particles from heavier.
ELUXATE,To dislocate; to luxate.
ELUXATION,Dislocation; luxation.
ELVAN,Of or pertaining to certain veins of feldspathic or porphyriticrock crossing
metalliferous veins in the mining districts ofCornwall; as, an elvan course.
ELVE,An old form of Elf.
ELVER,A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; -- called also elvene.
ELVES,pl. of Elf.
ELVISHLY,In an elvish manner. Sir W. Scott.
ELWAND,See Ellwand.
ELYSIAN,Pertaining, or the abode of the blessed after death; hence,yielding the
highest pleasures; exceedingly delightful; beatific."Elysian shades." Massinger.
"Elysian age." Beattie.This life of mortal breath Is but a suburb of the life
elysian.Longfellow.
ELYTRIFORM,Having the form, or structure, of an elytron.
ELYTRIN,See Chitin.
ELYTROID,Resembling a beetle's wing case.
ELZEVIR,Applied to books or editions (esp. of the Greek New Testamentand the
classics) printed and published by the Elzevir family atAmsterdam, Leyden, etc.,
from about 1592 to 1680; also, applied to around open type introduced by them.The
Elzevir editions are valued for their neatness, and the elegantsmall types used.
Brande & C.
EM,The portion of a line formerly occupied by the letter m, then asquare type, used
as a unit by which to measure the amount of printedmatter on a page; the square of
the body of a type.
EM-,A prefix. See En-.
EMACERATE,To make lean or to become lean; to emaciate. [Obs.] Bullokar.
EMACERATION,Emaciation. [Obs.]
EMACIATE,To lose flesh gradually and become very lean; to waste away inflesh. "He
emaciated and pined away." Sir T. Browne.
EMACULATE,To clear from spots or stains, or from any imperfection. [Obs.]Hales.
EMACULATION,The act of clearing from spots. [Obs.] Johnson.
EMANANT,Issuing or flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an act,or making
itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts; as,an emanant volition.
EMANATE,Issuing forth; emanant. [R.]
EMANATIVE,Issuing forth; effluent.
EMANATIVELY,By an emanation.
EMANATORY,Emanative; of the nature of an emanation. Dr. H. More.
EMANCIPATE,To set free from the power of another; to liberate; as: (a) Toset free,
as a minor from a parent; as, a father may emancipate achild. (b) To set free from
bondage; to give freedom to; to manumit;as, to emancipate a slave, or a
country.Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to emancipate Hellas.Jowett
(Thucyd. ).
EMANCIPATION,The act of setting free from the power of another, fromslavery,
subjection, dependence, or controlling influence; also, thestate of being thus set
free; liberation; as, the emancipation ofslaves; the emancipation of minors; the
emancipation of a person fromprejudices; the emancipation of the mind from
superstition; theemancipation of a nation from tyranny or subjection.
EMANCIPATIONIST,An advocate of emancipation, esp. the emancipation of slaves.
EMANCIPATOR,One who emancipates.
EMANCIPATORY,Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to effect
emancipation."Emancipatory laws." G. Eliot.
EMANCIPIST,A freed convict. [Australia]
EMARGINATE,To take away the margin of.
EMARGINATELY,In an emarginate manner.
EMARGINATION,The act of notching or indenting the margin, or the state ofbeing so
notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a margin.
EMASCULATE,Deprived of virility or vigor; unmanned; weak. "Emasculateslave."
Hammond.
EMASCULATOR,One who, or that which, emasculates.
EMASCULATORY,Serving or tending to emasculate.
EMBACE,See Embase. [Obs.]
EMBALL,To encircle or embrace. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
EMBALMER,One who embalms.
EMBALMMENT,The act of embalming. [R.] Malone.
EMBANK,To throw up a bank so as to confine or to defend; to protect bya bank of
earth or stone.
EMBARCATION,Same as Embarkation.
EMBARGE,To put in a barge. [Poetic] Drayton.
EMBARGO,An edict or order of the government prohibiting the departureof ships of
commerce from some or all of the ports within itsdominions; a prohibition to sail.
EMBARKMENT,Embarkation. [R.] Middleton.
EMBARRASS,To involve in difficulties concerning money matters; toincumber with
debt; to beset with urgent claims or demands; -- saidof a person or his affairs;
as, a man or his business is embarrassedwhen he can not meet his pecuniary
engagements.
EMBASE,To bring down or lower, as in position, value, etc.; to debase;to degrade;
to deteriorate. [Obs.]Embased the valleys, and embossed the hills. Sylvester.Alloy
in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work the better, butit embaseth it.
Bacon.Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for nothing but toembase
divinity. South.
EMBASEMENT,Act of bringing down; depravation; deterioration. South.
EMBASSADE,An embassy. See Ambassade. [Obs.] Shak.
EMBASSADOR,Same as Ambassador.Stilbon, that was a wise embassadour, Was sent to
Corinth. Chaucer.Myself my king's embassador will go. Dryden.
EMBASSADORIAL,Same as Ambassadorial.
EMBASSADRESS,Same as Ambassadress.
EMBASSADRY,Embassy. [Obs.] Leland.
EMBASTARDIZE,To bastardize. [Obs.]
EMBATHE,To bathe; to imbathe.
EMBATTAIL,To furnish with battlements; to fortify as with battlements.[Archaic]To
embattail and to wall about thy cause With iron-worded proof.Tennyson.
EMBATTLE,To arrange in order of battle; to array for battle; also, toprepare or arm
for battle; to equip as for battle.One in bright arms embattled full strong.
Spenser.Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard roundthe
world. Emerson.
EMBATTLED,Having the edge broken like battlements; -- said of a bearingsuch as a
fess, bend, or the like.
EMBAY,To bathe; to soothe or lull as by bathing. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMBAYMENT,A bay. [R.]The embayment which is terminated by the land of North
Berwick. SirW. Scott.
EMBEAM,To make brilliant with beams. [R.] G. Fletcher.
EMBED,To lay as in a bed; to lay in surrounding matter; to bed; as,to embed a thing
in clay, mortar, or sand.
EMBEDMENT,The act of embedding, or the state of being embedded.
EMBELLISH,To make beautiful or elegant by ornaments; to decorate; toadorn; as, to
embellish a book with pictures, a garden with shrubsand flowers, a narrative with
striking anecdotes, or style withmetaphors.
EMBELLISHER,One who embellishes.
EMBER,A lighted coal, smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly in theplural, to
signify mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering remains ofa fire. "He rakes hot
embers." Dryden.He takes a lighted ember out of the covered vessel. Colebrooke.
EMBER-GOOSE,The loon or great northern diver. See Loon. [Written alsoemmer-goose
and imber-goose.]
EMBERINGS,Ember days. [Obs.]
EMBERIZIDAE,a natural subfamily including buntings and some New Worldsparrows.Syn.
-- subfamily Emberizidae, subfamily Emberizinae.[WordNet 1.5]
EMBETTER,To make better. [Obs.]
EMBEZZLEMENT,The fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom ithas
been intrusted; as, the embezzlement by a clerk of hisemployer's; embezzlement of
public funds by the public officer havingthem in charge.
EMBEZZLER,One who embezzles.
EMBILLOW,To swell or heave like a [R.] Lisle.
EMBIOTOCOID,Belonging to, or resembling, the Embiotocidæ.-- n.
EMBITTER,To make bitter or sad. See Imbitter.
EMBITTERMENT,The act of embittering; also, that which embitters.
EMBLANCH,To whiten. See Blanch. [Obs.] Heylin.
EMBLAZONER,One who emblazons; also, one who publishes and displaysanything with
pomp.
EMBLAZONING,The act or art of heraldic decoration; delineation of armorialbearings.
EMBLAZONMENT,An emblazoning.
EMBLAZONRY,The act or art of an emblazoner; heraldic or ornamentaldecoration, as
pictures or figures on shields, standards, etc.;emblazonment.Thine ancient
standard's rich emblazonry. Trench.
EMBLEM,To represent by an emblem; to symbolize. [R.]Emblemed by the cozening fig
tree. Feltham.
EMBLEMATICCIZE,To render emblematic; as, to emblematicize a picture. [R.]Walpole.
EMBLEMATIST,A writer or inventor of emblems. Sir T. Browne.
EMBLEMATIZE,To represent by, or as by, an emblem; to symbolize.Anciently the sun
was commonly emblematized by a starry or radiatefigure. Bp. Hurd.
EMBLEMENT,The growing crop, or profits of a crop which has been sown orplanted; --
used especially in the plural. The produce of grass,trees, and the like, is not
emblement. Wharton's Law Dict.
EMBLEMIZE,To represent by an emblem; to emblematize. [R.]
EMBLOOM,To emblossom. Savage.
EMBLOSSOM,To cover or adorn with blossoms.On the white emblossomed spray. J.
Cunningham.
EMBODIER,One who embodies.
EMBODY,To form into a body; to invest with a body; to collect into abody, a united
mass, or a whole; to incorporate; as, to embody one'sideas in a treatise. [Written
also imbody.]Devils embodied and disembodied. Sir W. Scott.The soul, while it is
embodied, can no more be divided from sin.South.
EMBOGUE,To disembogue; to discharge, as a river, its waters into thesea or another
river. [R.]
EMBOGUING,The mouth of a river, or place where its waters are discharged.[R.]
EMBOIL,To boil with anger; to effervesce. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMBOITEMENT,The hypothesis that all living things proceed from preëxistinggerms,
and that these encase the germs of all future living things,inclosed one within
another. Buffon.
EMBOLDEN,To give boldness or courage to; to encourage. Shak.The self-conceit which
emboldened him to undertake this dangerousoffice. Sir W. Scott.
EMBOLDENER,One who emboldens.
EMBOLIC,Pertaining to an embolism; produced by an embolism; as, anembolic abscess.
EMBOLISM,The occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus. Embolism in thebrain often
produces sudden unconsciousness and paralysis.
EMBOLISMAL,Pertaining to embolism; intercalary; as, embolismal months.
EMBOLITE,A mineral consisting of both the chloride and the bromide ofsilver.
EMBOLUS,A plug of some substance lodged in a blood vessel, beingbrought thither by
the blood current. It consists most frequently ofa clot of fibrin, a detached shred
of a morbid growth, a globule offat, or a microscopic organism.
EMBOLY,Embolic invagination. See under Invagination.
EMBONPOINT,Plumpness of person; -- said especially of persons somewhatcorpulent.
EMBORDER,To furnish or adorn with a border; to imborder.
EMBOSS,To make to foam at the mouth, like a hunted animal. [Obs.]
EMBOSSER,One who embosses.
EMBOTTLE,To bottle. [R.] Phillips.
EMBOW,To bend like a bow; to curve. "Embowed arches." [Obs. or R.]Sir W. Scott.With
gilded horns embowed like the moon. Spenser.
EMBOWELER,One who takes out the bowels. [Written also emboweller.]
EMBOWELMENT,Disembowelment.
EMBOWER,To cover with a bower; to shelter with trees. [Written alsoimbower.]
[Poetic] Milton.-- v. i.
EMBOWL,To form like a bowl; to give a globular shape to. [Obs.] Sir P.Sidney.
EMBOX,To inclose, as in a box; to imbox.
EMBOYSSEMENT,An ambush. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EMBRACE,To fasten on, as armor. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMBRACEOR,One guilty of embracery.
EMBRACER,One who embraces.
EMBRACERY,An attempt to influence a court, jury, etc., corruptly, bypromises,
entreaties, money, entertainments, threats, or otherimproper inducements.
EMBRACIVE,Disposed to embrace; fond of caressing. [R.] Thackeray.
EMBRANCHMENT,The branching forth, as of trees.
EMBRANGLE,To confuse; to entangle.I am lost and embrangled in inextricable
difficulties. Berkeley.
EMBRASURE,An embrace. [Obs.] "Our locked embrasures."" Shak.
EMBRAWN,To harden. [Obs.]It will embrawn and iron-crust his flesh. Nash.
EMBREAD,To braid. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMBREATHEMENT,The act of breathing in; inspiration. [R.]The special and immediate
suggestion, embreathement, and dictation ofthe Holy Ghost. W. Lee.
EMBREW,To imbrue; to stain with blood. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMBRIGHT,To brighten. [Obs.]
EMBROCATE,To moisten and rub (a diseased part) with a liquid substance,as with
spirit, oil, etc., by means of a cloth or sponge.
EMBROGLIO,See Imbroglio.
EMBROIDER,To ornament with needlework; as, to embroider a scarf.Thou shalt
embroider the coat of fine linen. Ex. xxviii. 39.
EMBROIDERER,One who embroiders.
EMBROIL,See Embroilment.
EMBROILER,One who embroils.
EMBROILMENT,The act of embroiling, or the condition of being embroiled;entanglement
in a broil. Bp. Burnet.
EMBROTHEL,To inclose in a brothel. [Obs.] Donne.
EMBROWN,To give a brown color to; to imbrown.Summer suns embrown the laboring
swain. Fenton.
EMBRUE,See Imbrue, Embrew. [Obs.]
EMBRUTE,To brutify; to imbrute.All the man embruted in the swine. Cawthorn.
EMBRYO SAC,See under Embryonic.
EMBRYO,The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant;as:(a) The young
of an animal in the womb, or more specifically, beforeits parts are developed and
it becomes a fetus (see Fetus).(b) The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the
seed and which isdeveloped by germination. In embryo, in an incipient or
undevelopedstate; in conception, but not yet executed. "The company littlesuspected
what a noble work I had then in embryo." Swift.
EMBRYOGENIC,Pertaining to the development of an embryo.
EMBRYOGENY,The production and development of an embryo.
EMBRYOGONY,The formation of an embryo.
EMBRYOGRAPHY,The general description of embryos.
EMBRYOLOGIST,One skilled in embryology.
EMBRYOLOGY,The science which relates to the formation and development ofthe embryo
in animals and plants; a study of the gradual developmentof the ovum until it
reaches the adult stage.
EMBRYON,See Embryo.
EMBRYONAL,Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial state of any organ;embryonic.
EMBRYONARY,Embryonic.
EMBRYONIC,Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal; rudimentary.Embryonic sac or
vesicle (Bot.), the vesicle within which the embryois developed in the ovule; --
sometimes called also amnios sac, andembryonal sac.
EMBRYONIFEROUS,Having an embryo.
EMBRYONIFORM,Like an embryo in form.
EMBRYOPLASTIC,Relating to, or aiding in, the formation of an embryo;
as,embryoplastic cells.
EMBRYOTIC,Embryonic.
EMBRYOTOMY,The cutting a fetus into pieces within the womb, so as toeffect its
removal.
EMBRYOTROPH,The material from which an embryo is formed and nourished.
EMBRYOUS,Embryonic; undeveloped. [R.]
EMBULK,To enlarge in the way of bulk. [R.] Latham.
EMBURSE,To furnish with money; to imburse. [Obs.]
EMBUSH,To place or hide in a thicket; to ambush. [Obs.] Shelton.
EMBUSHMENT,An ambush. [Obs.]
EMBUSY,To employ. [Obs.] Skelton.
EME,An uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMEER,Same as Emir.
EMENAGOGUE,See Emmenagogue.
EMEND,To purge of faults; to make better; to correct; esp., to makecorrections in
(a literary work); to alter for the better by textualcriticism, generally verbal.
EMENDABLE,Corrigible; amendable. [R.] Bailey.
EMENDATELY,Without fault; correctly. [Obs.]
EMENDATOR,One who emends or critically edits.
EMENDATORY,Pertaining to emendation; corrective. "Emendatory criticism.""Johnson.
EMENDER,One who emends.
EMENDICATE,To beg. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EMERALD,A precious stone of a rich green color, a variety of beryl. SeeBeryl.
EMERALDINE,A green compound used as a dyestuff, produced from aniline bluewhen
acted upon by acid.
EMERAUD,An emerald. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMERGE,To rise out of a fluid; to come forth from that in whichanything has been
plunged, enveloped, or concealed; to issue andappear; as, to emerge from the water
or the ocean; the sun emergesfrom behind the moon in an eclipse; to emerge from
poverty orobscurity. "Thetis . . . emerging from the deep." Dryden.Those who have
emerged from very low, some from the lowest, classesof society. Burke.
EMERGENCE,The act of rising out of a fluid, or coming forth fromenvelopment or
concealment, or of rising into view; sudden uprisal orappearance.The white color of
all refracted light, at its very first emergence .. . is compounded of various
colors. Sir I. Newton.When from the deep thy bright emergence sprung. H. Brooke.
EMERITED,Considered as having done sufficient public service, andtherefore
honorably discharged. [Obs.] Evelyn.
EMERITUS,Honorably discharged from the performance of public duty onaccount of age,
infirmity, or long and faithful services; -- said ofan officer of a college or
pastor of a church.
EMERSED,Standing out of, or rising above, water. Gray.
EMERSION,The reappearance of a heavenly body after an eclipse oroccultation; as,
the emersion of the moon from the shadow of theearth; the emersion of a star from
behind the moon.
EMERY,Corundum in the form of grains or powder, used in the arts forgrinding and
polishing hard substances. Native emery is mixed withmore or less magnetic iron.
See the Note under Corundum. Emery board,cardboard pulp mixed with emery and molded
into convenient.-- Emery cloth or paper, cloth or paper on which the powder of
emeryis spread and glued for scouring and polishing.-- Emery wheel, a wheel
containing emery, or having a surface ofemery. In machine shops, it is sometimes
called a buff wheel, and bythe manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer.
EMESIS,A vomiting.
EMETIC,Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge itscontents by the
mouth.-- n.
EMETICAL,Inducing to vomit; producing vomiting; emetic.-- E*met"ic*al*ly, adv.
EMETINE,A white crystalline bitter alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanharoot, and
regarded as its peculiar emetic principle.
EMETO-CATHARTIC,Producing vomiting and purging at the same time.
EMEUTE,A seditious tumult; an outbreak.
EMFORTH,According to; conformably to. [Obs.] Chaucer. Emforth my might,so far as
lies in my power. [Obs.]
EMGALLA,The South African wart hog. See Wart hog.
EMICANT,Beaming forth; flashing. [R.]Which emicant did this and that way dart.
Blackmore.
EMICATION,A flying off in small particles, as heated iron or fermentingliquors; a
sparkling; scintillation. Sir T. Browne.
EMICTORY,Diuretic.
EMIGRANT,One who emigrates, or quits one country or region to settle inanother.
EMIGRATE,To remove from one country or State to another, for the purposeof
residence; to migrate from home.Forced to emigrate in a body to America.
Macaulay.They [the Huns] were emigrating from Tartary into Europe in the timeof the
Goths. J. H. Newman.
EMIGRATIONAL,Relating to emigration.
EMIGRATIONIST,An advocate or promoter of emigration.
EMIGRATOR,One who emigrates; am emigrant. [R.]
EMIGRE,One of the natives of France who were opposed to the firstRevolution, and
who left their country in consequence.
EMINENCY,State of being eminent; eminence. "Eminency of estate."Tillotson.
EMINENTLY,In an eminent manner; in a high degree; conspicuously; as, tobe eminently
learned.
EMISSARY,An agent employed to advance, in a covert manner, the interestsof his
employers; one sent out by any power that is at war withanother, to create
dissatisfaction among the people of the latter.Buzzing emissaries fill the ears Of
listening crowds with jealousiesand fears. Dryden.
EMISSARYSHIP,The office of an emissary.
EMISSITIOUS,Looking, or narrowly examining; prying. [Obs.] "Thoseemissitious eyes."
Bp. Hall.
EMISSIVE,Sending out; emitting; as, emissive powers.
EMISSIVITY,Tendency to emission; comparative facility of emission, or rateat which
emission takes place, as of heat from the surface of aheated body.
EMISSORY,Same as Emissary, a., 2.
EMITTENT,Sending forth; emissive. Boyle.
EMMANTLE,To cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to put about as aprotection.
[Obs.] Holland.
EMMANUEL,See Immanuel. Matt. i. 23.
EMMARBLE,To turn to marble; to harden. [Obs.]Thou dost emmarble the proud heart.
Spenser.
EMMENAGOGUE,A medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.
EMMET,An ant. Emmet hunter (Zoöl.), the wryneck.
EMMETROPIA,That refractive condition of the eye in which the rays of lightare all
brought accurately and without undue effort to a focus uponthe retina; -- opposed
to hypermetropia, myopia, an astigmatism.
EMMETROPIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, emmetropia.The normal or emmetropic
eye adjusts itself perfectly for alldistances. J. Le Conte.
EMMETROPY,Same as Emmetropia.
EMMEW,To mew or coop up. [Obs.] Shak.
EMMOVE,To move; to rouse; to excite. [Obs.]
EMODIN,An orange-red crystalline substance, C15H10O5, obtained fromthe buckthorn,
rhubarb, etc., and regarded as a derivative ofanthraquinone; -- so called from a
species of rhubarb (Rheum emodei).
EMOLLESCENCE,That degree of softness in a body beginning to melt whichalters its
shape; the first or lowest degree of fusibility.
EMOLLIATE,To soften; to render effeminate.Emolliated by four centuries of Roman
domination, the Belgic colonieshad forgotten their pristine valor. Pinkerton.
EMOLLIENT,Softening; making supple; acting as an emollient.
"Emollientapplications." Arbuthnot.
EMOLLITION,The act of softening or relaxing; relaxation. Bacon.
EMOLUMENT,The profit arising from office, employment, or labor; gain;compensation;
advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary.A long . . . enjoyment of the emoluments of
office. Bancroft.
EMOLUMENTAL,Pertaining to an emolument; profitable. [R.] Evelyn.
EMOTION,A moving of the mind or soul; excitement of the feelings,whether pleasing
or painful; disturbance or agitation of mind causedby a specific exciting cause and
manifested by some sensible effecton the body.How different the emotions between
departure and return! W. Irving.Some vague emotion of delight. Tennyson.
EMOTIONAL,Pertaining to, or characterized by, emotion; excitable; easilymoved;
sensational; as, an emotional nature.
EMOTIONALISM,The cultivation of an emotional state of mind; tendency toregard
things in an emotional manner.
EMOTIONALIZE,To give an emotional character to.Brought up in a pious family where
religion was not talked aboutemotionalized, but was accepted as the rule of thought
and conduct.Froude.
EMOTIONED,Affected with emotion. [R.] "The emotioned soul." Sir W. Scott.
EMOTIVE,Attended by, or having the character of, emotion. H. Brooke.--
E*mo"tive*ly, adv.
EMOTIVENESS,Susceptibility to emotion. G. Eliot.
EMOTIVITY,Emotiveness. Hickok.
EMOVE,To move. [Obs.] Thomson.
EMPAIR,To impair. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPAISTIC,Having to do with inlaid work; -- especially used withreference to work
of the ancient Greeks.
EMPALE,To make pale. [Obs.]No bloodless malady empales their face. G. Fletcher.
EMPALEMENT,Same as Impalement.
EMPANEL,A list of jurors; a panel. [Obs.] Cowell.
EMPANOPLIED,Completely armed; panoplied. Tennyson.
EMPARADISE,Same as Imparadise.
EMPARK,To make a park of; to inclose, as with a fence; to impark.[Obs.]
EMPARLANCE,Parley; imparlance. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPASM,A perfumed powder sprinkled upon the body to mask the odor ofsweat.
EMPASSION,To move with passion; to affect strongly. See Impassion. [Obs.]Those
sights empassion me full near. Spenser.
EMPASSIONATE,Strongly affected. [Obs.]The Briton Prince was sore empassionate.
Spenser.
EMPAWN,To put in pawn; to pledge; to impawn.To sell, empawn, and alienate the
estates. Milman.
EMPEACH,To hinder. See Impeach. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPEARL,To form like pearls; to decorate with, or as with, pearls; toimpearl.
EMPEOPLE,To form into a people or community; to inhabit; to people.[Obs.]We now
know 't is very well empeopled. Sir T. Browne.
EMPERESS,See Empress. [Obs.]
EMPERICE,An empress. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EMPERIL,To put in peril. See Imperil. Spenser.
EMPERISHED,Perished; decayed. [Obs.]I deem thy brain emperished be. Spenser.
EMPEROR,The sovereign or supreme monarch of an empire; -- a title ofdignity
superior to that of king; as, the emperor of Germany or ofAustria; the emperor or
Czar of Russia. Emperor goose (Zoöl.), alarge and handsome goose (Philacte
canagica), found in Alaska.-- Emperor moth (Zoöl.), one of several large and
beautiful bombycidmoths, with transparent spots on the wings; as the American
Cecropiamoth (Platysamia cecropia), and the European species (Saturniapavonia).--
Emperor paper. See under Paper.-- Purple emperor (Zoöl.), a large, strong British
butterfly(Apatura iris).
EMPERORSHIP,The rank or office of an emperor.
EMPERY,Empire; sovereignty; dominion. [Archaic] Shak.Struggling for my woman's
empery. Mrs. Browning.
EMPHASIS,A particular stress of utterance, or force of voice, given inreading and
speaking to one or more words whose signification thespeaker intends to impress
specially upon his audience.The province of emphasis is so much more important than
accent, thatthe customary seat of the latter is changed, when the claims ofemphasis
require it. E. Porter.
EMPHASIZE,To utter or pronounce with a particular stress of voice; tomake emphatic;
as, to emphasize a word or a phrase.
EMPHATICALNESS,The quality of being emphatic; emphasis.
EMPHRACTIC,Having the quality of closing the pores of the skin.
EMPHRENSY,To madden. [Obs.]
EMPHYSEMA,A swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellulartissue.
Emphysema of the lungs, Pulmonary emphysema (Med.), a commondisease of the lungs in
which the air cells are distended and theirpartition walls ruptured by an abnormal
pressure of the air containedin them.
EMPHYSEMATOUS,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, emphysema; swelled;bloated.
EMPHYTEUSIS,A real right, susceptible of assignment and of descent, chargedon
productive real estate, the right being coupled with the enjoymentof the property
on condition of taking care of the estate and payingtaxes, and sometimes a small
rent. Heumann.
EMPHYTEUTIC,Of or pertaining to an emphyteusis; as, emphyteutic lands.
EMPHYTEUTICARY,One who holds lands by emphyteusis.
EMPIERCE,To pierce; to impierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPIGHT,Fixed; settled; fastened. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPIRE STATE OF THE SOUTH,Georgia; -- a nickname.
EMPIRE STATE OF THE WEST,Missouri; -- a nickname.
EMPIRE STATE,New York; -- a nickname alluding to its size and wealth.
EMPIRICALLY,By experiment or experience; without science; in the manner ofquacks.
EMPIRICISM,The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all ourknowledge
to experience.
EMPIRICIST,An empiric.
EMPIRISTIC,Relating to, or resulting from, experience, or experiment;following from
empirical methods or data; -- opposed to nativistic.
EMPLACE,To put into place or position; to fix on an emplacement.
EMPLACEMENT,A putting in, or assigning to, a definite place; localization;as, the
emplacement of a structure.
EMPLASTER,See Plaster. [Obs.] Wiseman.
EMPLASTIC,Fit to be applied as a plaster; glutinous; adhesive; as,emplastic
applications.
EMPLASTRATION,The application of a plaster or salve.
EMPLEAD,To accuse; to indict. See Implead.
EMPLECTION,See Emplecton.
EMPLECTON,A kind of masonry in which the outer faces of the wall areashlar, the
space between being filled with broken stone and mortar.Cross layers of stone are
interlaid as binders. [R.] Weale.
EMPLORE,See Implore. [Obs.]
EMPLOY,That which engages or occupies a person; fixed or regularservice or
business; employment.The whole employ of body and of mind. Pope.In one's employ, in
one's service.
EMPLOYABLE,Capable of being employed; capable of being used; fit or properfor use.
Boyle.
EMPLOYE,One employed by another; a clerk or workman in the service ofan employer.
EMPLOYEE,One employed by another.
EMPLOYER,One who employs another; as, an employer of workmen.
EMPLUMED,Plumed. [R.]
EMPLUNGE,To plunge; to implunge. [Obs.] Spenser.
EMPOISON,To poison; to impoison. Shak.
EMPOISONER,Poisoner. [Obs.] Bacon.
EMPOISONMENT,The act of poisoning. Bacon.
EMPORIUM,The brain. [Obs.]
EMPOVERISH,See Impoverish.
EMPRESSEMENT,Demonstrative warmth or cordiality of manner; display ofenthusiasm.
EMPRINT,See Imprint.
EMPRISE,To undertake. [Obs.] Sackville.
EMPRISING,Full of daring; adventurous. [Archaic] T. Campbell.
EMPRISON,See Imprison.
EMPROSTHOTONOS,A drawing of the body forward, in consequence of the spasmodicaction
of some of the muscles. Gross.
EMPTE,To empty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EMPTIER,One who, or that which, empties.
EMPTION,The act of buying. [R.] Arbuthnot.
EMPTIONAL,Capable of being purchased.
EMPTY,An empty box, crate, cask, etc.; -- used in commerce, esp. intransportation
of freight; as, "special rates for empties."
EMPTYING,The lees of beer, cider, etc.; yeast. [U.S.]
EMPUGN,See Impugn.
EMPURPLE,To tinge or dye of a purple color; to color with purple; toimpurple. "The
deep empurpled ran." Philips.
EMPUSE,A phantom or specter. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
EMPUZZLE,To puzzle. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne.
EMPYEMA,A collection of blood, pus, or other fluid, in some cavity ofthe body,
especially that of the pleura. Dunglison.
EMPYESIS,An eruption of pustules.
EMPYREAL,Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond aërial substance;pertaining
to the highest and purest region of heaven.Go, soar with Plato to the empyreal
sphere. Pope.Empyreal air, oxygen gas.
EMPYREAN,The highest heaven, where the pure element of fire was supposedby the
ancients to subsist.The empyrean rung With hallelujahs. Milton.
EMPYREUMA,The peculiar smell and taste arising from products ofdecomposition of
animal or vegetable substances when burnt in closevessels.
EMPYREUMATIZE,To render empyreumatic. [R.]
EMPYRICAL,Containing the combustible principle of coal. Kirwan.
EMPYROSIS,A general fire; a conflagration. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
EMRODS,See Emerods. [Obs.]
EMU WREN,A small wrenlike Australian bird (Stipiturus malachurus),having the tail
feathers long and loosely barbed, like emu feathers.
EMU,A large Australian bird, of two species (Dromaius Novæ-Hollandiæ and D.
irroratus), related to the cassowary and theostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but is
unable to fly. [Written alsoemeu and emew.]
EMULABLE,Capable of being emulated. [R.]Some imitable and emulable good. Abp.
Leighton.
EMULATE,Striving to excel; ambitious; emulous. [Obs.] "A most emulatepride." Shak.
EMULATIVE,Inclined to emulation; aspiring to competition; rivaling; as,an emulative
person or effort. "Emulative zeal." Hoole.
EMULATIVELY,In an emulative manner; with emulation.
EMULATOR,One who emulates, or strives to equal or surpass.As Virgil rivaled Homer,
Milton was the emulator of both. Bp.Warburton.
EMULATORY,Pertaining to emulation; connected with rivalry. [R.]"Emulatory
officiousness." Bp. Hall.
EMULATRESS,A female emulator. [R.]
EMULE,To emulate. [Obs.] "Emuled of many." Spenser.
EMULGE,To milk out; to drain. [Obs.] Bailey.
EMULGENT,Pertaining to the kidneys; renal; as, emulgent arteries andveins.-- n.
EMULOUSLY,In an emulous manner.
EMULOUSNESS,The quality of being emulous.
EMULSIC,Pertaining to, or produced from, emulsin; as, emulsic acid.Hoblyn.
EMULSIFY,To convert into an emulsion; to form an emulsion; to reducefrom an oily
substance to a milky fluid in which the fat globules arein a very finely divided
state, giving it the semblance of solution;as, the pancreatic juice emulsifies the
oily part of food.
EMULSION,Any liquid preparation of a color and consistency resemblingmilk; as: (a)
In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture of oiland water united by a
mucilaginous substance. (b) In photography, aliquid preparation of collodion
holding salt of silver, used in thephotographic process.
EMUNCTORY,Any organ or part of the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,)which serves
to carry off excrementitious or waste matter.
EMUSCATION,A freeing from moss. [Obs.]
EMYD,A fresh-water tortoise of the family Emydidæ.
EMYDEA,A group of chelonians which comprises many species of fresh-water tortoises
and terrapins.
EN BLOC,In a lump; as a whole; all together. "Movement of the ossiclesen bloc."
Nature.
EN PASSANT,In passing; in the course of any procedure; -- said specif.(Chess),
EN RAPPORT,In accord, harmony, or sympathy; having a mutual, esp. aprivate,
understanding; of a hypnotic subject, being in such a mentalstate as to be
especially subject to the influence of a particularperson or persons.
EN ROUTE,On the way or road.
EN,Half an em, that is, half of the unit of space in measuringprinted matter. See
Em.
EN-,A prefix signifying in or into, used in many English words,chiefly those
borrowed from the French. Some English words arewritten indifferently with en- or
in-. For ease of pronunciation itis commonly changed to em- before p, b, and m, as
in employ, embody,emmew. It is sometimes used to give a causal force, as in
enable,enfeeble, to cause to be, or to make, able, or feeble; and sometimesmerely
gives an intensive force, as in enchasten. See In-.
ENABLEMENT,The act of enabling, or the state of being enabled; ability.Bacon.
ENACT,Purpose; determination. [Obs.]
ENACTIVE,Having power to enact or establish as a law. Abp. Bramhall.
ENACTOR,One who enacts a law; one who decrees or establishes as a law.Atterbury.
ENACTURE,Enactment; resolution. [Obs.] Shak.
ENALIOSAUR,One of the Enaliosauria.
ENALIOSAURIA,An extinct group of marine reptiles, embracing both theIchthyosauria
and the Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct orders.
ENALIOSAURIAN,Pertaining to the Enaliosauria.-- n.
ENALLAGE,A substitution, as of one part of speech for another, of onegender,
number, case, person, tense, mode, or voice, of the sameword, for another.
ENAMBUSH,To ambush. [Obs.]
ENAMEL,A glassy, opaque bead obtained by the blowpipe.
ENAMELAR,Consisting of enamel; resembling enamel; smooth; glossy. [R.]Craig.
ENAMELED,Coated or adorned with enamel; having a glossy or variegatedsurface;
glazed. [Written also enamelled.]
ENAMOR,To inflame with love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of, orwith, before the
person or thing; as, to be enamored with a lady; tobe enamored of books or science.
[Written also enamour.]Passionately enamored of this shadow of a dream. W. Irving.
ENAMORMENT,The state of being enamored. [R.]
ENANTIOMORPHOUS,Similar, but not superposable, i. e., related to each other asa
right-handed to a left-handed glove; -- said of certain hemihedralcrystals.
ENANTIOPATHIC,Serving to palliate; palliative. Dunglison.
ENANTIOPATHY,Allopathy; -- a term used by followers of Hahnemann, orhomeopathists.
ENANTIOSIS,A figure of speech by which what is to be understoodaffirmatively is
stated negatively, and the contrary; affirmation bycontraries.
ENARCH,To arch. [Obs.] Lydgate.
ENARCHED,Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or other ordinary.
ENARGITE,An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in smallorthorhombic
crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur, arsenic,copper, and often silver.
ENARMED,Same as Armed, 3.
ENARRATION,A detailed exposition; relation. [Obs.] Hakewill.
ENARTHRODIA,See Enarthrosis.-- En`ar*thro"di*al, a.
ENARTHROSIS,A ball and socket joint, or the kind of articulationrepresented by such
a joint. See Articulation.
ENASCENT,Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
ENATATION,A swimming out. [Obs.] Bailey.
ENATE,Growing out.
ENATION,Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a thing, as of apetal; also, the
capacity or act of producing such an outgrowth.
ENAUNTER,Lest that. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENAVIGATE,To sail away or over. [Obs.] Cockeram.
ENBATTLED,Embattled. [Obs.]
ENBIBE,To imbibe. [Obs.] Skelton.
ENBROUDE,See Embroude.
ENCAENIA,= Encenia.
ENCAGE,To confine in a cage; to coop up. Shak.
ENCALENDAR,To register in a calendar; to calendar. Drayton.
ENCAMP,To form and occupy a camp; to prepare and settle in temporaryhabitations, as
tents or huts; to halt on a march, pitch tents, orform huts, and remain for the
night or for a longer time, as an armyor a company traveling.The host of the
Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. 1Chron. xi. 15.
ENCANKER,To canker. [Obs.]
ENCAPSULATION,The act of inclosing in a capsule; the growth of a membranearound
(any part) so as to inclose it in a capsule.
ENCARNALIZE,To carnalize; to make gross. [R.] "Encarnalize their spirits."Tennyson.
ENCARPUS,An ornament on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons offruit,
flowers, leaves, etc. [Written also encarpa.]
ENCASE,To inclose as in a case. See Incase. Beau. & Fl.
ENCASEMENT,An old theory of generation similar to emboOvulist.
ENCASH,To turn into cash; to cash. Sat. Rev.
ENCASHMENT,The payment in cash of a note, draft, etc.
ENCAUMA,An ulcer in the eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss ofthe humors.
Dunglison.
ENCAUSTIC,Prepared by means of heat; burned in. Encaustic painting (FineArts),
painting by means of wax with which the colors are combined,and which is afterwards
fused with hot irons, thus fixing the colors.-- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts), an
earthenware tile which has adecorative pattern and is not wholly of one color.
ENCAVE,To hide in, or as in, a cave or recess. "Do but encaveyourself." Shak.
ENCEINTE,The line of works which forms the main inclosure of a fortressor place; --
called also body of the place.
ENCENIA,A festival commemorative of the founding of a city or theconsecration of a
church; also, the ceremonies (as at Oxford andCambridge, England) commemorative of
founders or benefactors.
ENCENSE,To offer incense to or upon; to burn incense. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENCEPHALIC,Pertaining to the encephalon or brain.
ENCEPHALITIS,Inflammation of the brain.-- En`ceph*a*lit"ic, a.
ENCEPHALOCELE,Hernia of the brain.
ENCEPHALOID,Resembling the material of the brain; cerebriform. Encephaloidcancer
(Med.), a very malignant form of cancer of brainlikeconsistency. See under Cancer.
ENCEPHALOLOGY,The science which treats of the brain, its structure andfunctions.
ENCEPHALON,The contents of the cranium; the brain.
ENCEPHALOPATHY,Any disease or symptoms of disease referable to disorders ofthe
brain; as, lead encephalopathy, the cerebral symptoms attendingchronic lead
poisoning.
ENCEPHALOS,The encephalon.In man the encephalos reaches its full size about seven
years of age.Sir W. Hamilton.
ENCEPHALOTOMY,The act or art of dissecting the brain.
ENCEPHALOUS,Having a head; -- said of most Mollusca; -- opposed toacephalous.
ENCHAFE,To chafe; to enrage; to heat. [Obs.] Shak.
ENCHAFING,Heating; burning. [Obs.]The wicked enchaufing or ardure of this sin
[lust]. Chaucer.
ENCHAINMENT,The act of enchaining, or state of being enchained.
ENCHAIR,To seat in a chair. Tennyson.
ENCHANNEL,To make run in a channel. "Its waters were enchanneled." Sir D.Brewster.
ENCHANTED,Under the power of enchantment; possessed or exercised byenchanters; as,
an enchanted castle.
ENCHANTER,One who enchants; a sorcerer or magician; also, one whodelights as by an
enchantment.Like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing. Shelley.Enchanter's nightshade
(Bot.), a genus (Circæa) of low inconspicuous,perennial plants, found in damp,
shady places.
ENCHANTING,Having a power of enchantment; charming; fascinating.-- En*chant"ing*ly,
adv.
ENCHANTRESS,A woman versed in magical arts; a sorceress; also, a woman
whofascinates. Shak.
ENCHARGE,To charge (with); to impose (a charge) upon.His countenance would express
the spirit and the passion of the parthe was encharged with. Jeffrey.
ENCHASER,One who enchases.
ENCHASTEN,To chasten. [Obs.]
ENCHEST,To inclose in a chest. Vicars.
ENCHIRIDION,Handbook; a manual of devotions. Evelyn.
ENCHISEL,To cut with a chisel.
ENCHODUS,A genus of extinct Cretaceous fishes; -- so named from theirspear-shaped
teeth. They were allied to the pike (Esox).
ENCHONDROMA,A cartilaginous tumor growing from the interior of a bone.Quain.
ENCHYLEMMA,The basal substance of the cell nucleus; a hyaline or granularsubstance,
more or less fluid during life, in which the other partsof the nucleus are
imbedded.
ENCHYMA,The primitive formative juice, from which the tissues,particularly the
cellular tissue, are formed.
ENCINCTURE,A cincture. [Poetic]The vast encincture of that gloomy sea. Wordsworth.
ENCINDERED,Burnt to cinders. [R.]
ENCIRCLE,To form a circle about; to inclose within a circle or ring; tosurround;
as, to encircle one in the arms; the army encircled thecity.Her brows encircled
with his serpent rod. Parnell.
ENCIRCLET,A small circle; a ring. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
ENCLASP,To clasp. See Inclasp.
ENCLAVE,A tract of land or a territory inclosed within anotherterritory of which it
is independent. See Exclave. [Recent]
ENCLAVEMENT,The state of being an enclave. [Recent]
ENCLITIC,A word which is joined to another so closely as to lose itsproper accent,
as the pronoun thee in prithee (pray thee).
ENCLITICALLY,In an enclitic manner; by throwing the accent back. Walker.
ENCLITICS,The art of declining and conjugating words.
ENCLOISTER,To shut up in a cloister; to cloister.
ENCLOSE,To inclose. See Inclose.
ENCLOSURE,Inclosure. See Inclosure.
ENCLOTHE,To clothe.
ENCLOUD,To envelop in clouds; to cloud. [R.] Spenser.
ENCOACH,To carry in a coach. [R.] Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)
ENCOFFIN,To put in a coffin. [R.]
ENCOLDEN,To render cold. [Obs.]
ENCOLLAR,To furnish or surround with a collar. [R.]
ENCOLOR,To color. [R.]
ENCOLURE,The neck of horse. R. Browning.
ENCOMBER,See Encumber. [Obs.]
ENCOMBERMENT,Hindrance; molestation.[Obs.] Spenser.
ENCOMIAST,One who praises; a panegyrist. Locke.
ENCOMIASTIC,A panegyric. B. Jonson.
ENCOMION,Encomium; panegyric. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
ENCOMIUM,Warm or high praise; panegyric; strong commendation.His encomiums awakened
all my ardor. W. Irving.
ENCOMPASS,To circumscribe or go round so as to surround closely; toencircle; to
inclose; to environ; as, a ring encompasses the finger;an army encompasses a city;
a voyage encompassing the world. Shak.A question may be encompassed with
difficulty. C. J. Smith.The love of all thy sons encompass thee. Tennyson.
ENCOMPASSMENT,The act of surrounding, or the state of being
surrounded;circumvention.By this encompassment and drift of question. Shak.
ENCORE,Once more; again; -- used by the auditors and spectators ofplays, concerts,
and other entertainments, to call for a repetitionof a particular part.
ENCORPORING,Incorporation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENCOUBERT,One of several species of armadillos of the genera Dasypus andEuphractus,
having five toes both on the fore and hind feet.
ENCOUNTER,To come against face to face; to meet; to confront, either bychance,
suddenly, or deliberately; especially, to meet in oppositionor with hostile intent;
to engage in conflict with; to oppose; tostruggle with; as, to encounter a friend
in traveling; two armiesencounter each other; to encounter obstacles or
difficulties, toencounter strong evidence of a truth.Then certain philosophers of
the Epicureans, and of the Stoics,encountered him. Acts xvii. 18.I am most
fortunate thus accidentally to encounter you. Shak.
ENCOUNTERER,One who encounters; an opponent; an antagonist. Atterbury.
ENCOURAGE,To give courage to; to inspire with courage, spirit, or hope;to raise, or
to increase, the confidence of; to animate; enhearten;to incite; to help forward;
-- the opposite of discourage.David encouraged himself in the Lord. 1 Sam. xxx. 6.
ENCOURAGER,One who encourages, incites, or helps forward; a favorer.The pope is . .
. a great encourager of arts. Addison.
ENCOURAGING,Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting; favoring.-- En*cour"a*ging*ly,
adv.
ENCOWL,To make a monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.] Drayton.
ENCRADLE,To lay in a cradle.
ENCRATITE,One of a sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage,wine, and
animal food; -- called also Continent.
ENCREASE,i. [Obs.] See Increase.
ENCRIMSON,To give a crimson or red color to; to crimson. Shak.
ENCRINITE,A fossil crinoid, esp. one belonging to, or resembling, thegenus
Encrinus. Sometimes used in a general sense for any crinoid.
ENCRINOIDEA,That order of the Crinoidea which includes most of the livingand many
fossil forms, having jointed arms around the margin of theoral disk; -- also called
Brachiata and Articulata. See Illusts.under Comatula and Crinoidea.
ENCRINUS,A genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.
ENCRISPED,Curled. [Obs.] Skelton.
ENCROACH,To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the possessions orrights of
another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench; -- commonlywith on or upon; as, to
encroach on a neighbor; to encroach on thehighway.No sense, faculty, or member must
encroach upon or interfere with theduty and office of another.
South.Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching evil. Hooker.Exclude the
encroaching cattle from thy ground. Dryden.
ENCROACHER,One who by gradual steps enters on, and takes possession of,what is not
his own.
ENCROACHINGLY,By way of encroachment.
ENCROACHMENT,An unlawful diminution of the possessions of another.
ENCRUST,To incrust. See Incrust.
ENCRUSTMENT,That which is formed as a crust; incrustment; incrustation.Disengaging
truth from its encrustment of error. I. Taylor.
ENCUMBERMENT,Encumbrance. [R.]
ENCUMBRANCE,Same as Incumbrance.
ENCUMBRANCER,Same as Incumbrancer.
ENCURTAIN,To inclose with curtains.
ENCYCLOPEDIACAL,Encyclopedic.
ENCYCLOPEDIAN,Embracing the whole circle of learning, or a wide range ofsubjects.
ENCYCLOPEDISM,The art of writing or compiling encyclopedias; also, possessionof the
whole range of knowledge; encyclopedic learning.
ENCYCLOPEDIST,The compiler of an encyclopedia, or one who assists in
suchcompilation; also, one whose knowledge embraces the whole range ofthe sciences.
The Encyclopedists, the writers of the great Frenchencyclopedia which appeared in
1751-1772. The editors were Diderotand D'Alembert. Among the contributors were
Voltaire and Rousseau.
ENCYST,To inclose in a cyst.
ENCYSTATION,Encystment.
ENCYSTED,Inclosed in a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle; as, anencysted
tumor.The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's fang.Coleridge.
ENCYSTMENT,A process which, among some of the lower forms of life,precedes
reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation, etc.
END,One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.
ENDABLE,That may be ended; terminable.
ENDAMAGE,To bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure. [R.]The trial hath
endamaged thee no way. Milton.
ENDAMAGEABLE,Capable of being damaged, or injured; damageable. [Obs.]
ENDAMAGEMENT,Damage; injury; harm. [Obs.] Shak.
ENDAMNIFY,To damnify; to injure. [R.] Sandys.
ENDANGERMENT,Hazard; peril. Milton.
ENDARK,To darken. [Obs.] Feltham.
ENDASPIDEAN,Having the anterior scutes extending around the tarsus on theinner
side; -- said of certain birds.
ENDAZZLE,To dazzle. [Obs.] "Endazzled eyes." Milton.
ENDEAREDLY,With affection or endearment; dearly.
ENDEAREDNESS,State of being endeared.
ENDEARING,Making dear or beloved; causing love.-- En*dear"ing*ly, adv.
ENDEARMENT,The act of endearing or the state of being endeared; also, thatwhich
manifests, excites, or increases, affection. "The greatendearments of prudent and
temperate speech." Jer. Taylor.Her first endearments twining round the soul.
Thomson.
ENDEAVOR,To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainmentof; to use
efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try;to attempt.It is our duty
to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial subjects.Ld. Chatham.To endeavor one's
self, to exert one's self strenuously to thefulfillment of a duty. [Obs.] "A just
man that endeavoreth himself toleave all wickedness." Latimer.
ENDEAVORER,One who makes an effort or attempt. [Written also endeavourer.]
ENDEAVORMENT,Act of endeavoring; endeavor. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENDECAGON,A plane figure of eleven sides and angles.
ENDECAGYNOUS,Having eleven pistils; as, an endecagynous flower.
ENDECANE,One of the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin series, C11H24,found as a
constituent of petroleum. [Written also hendecane.]
ENDECAPHYLLOUS,Composed of eleven leaflets; -- said of a leaf.
ENDEICTIC,Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic dialogue, in thePlatonic
philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen of skill.Enfield.
ENDEIXIS,An indication.
ENDEMIAL,Endemic. [R.]
ENDEMIC,An endemic disease.Fear, which is an endemic latent in every human heart,
sometimesrises into an epidemic. J. B. Heard.
ENDEMICALLY,In an endemic manner.
ENDEMIOLOGY,The science which treats of endemic affections.
ENDENIZATION,The act of naturalizing. [R.]
ENDENIZE,To endenizen. [Obs.]
ENDENIZEN,To admit to the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize. [Obs.]B. Jonson.
ENDER,One who, or that which, makes an end of something; as, theender of my life.
ENDERMATIC,Endermic.
ENDERMIC,Acting through the skin, or by direct application to the skin.Endermic
method, that in which the medicine enters the system throughthe skin, being applied
either to the sound skin, or to the surfacedenuded of the cuticle by a blister.
ENDERMICALLY,By the endermic method; as, applied endermically.
ENDERON,The deep sensitive and vascular layer of the skin and mucousmembranes.--
En`de*ron"ic, a.
ENDIADEMED,Diademed. [R.]
ENDIAPER,To decorate with a diaper pattern.
ENDICT,See Indict.
ENDICTMENT,See Indictment.
ENDING,The final syllable or letter of a word; the part joined to thestem. See 3d
Case, 5. Ending day, day of death. Chaucer.
ENDITE,See Indite. Spenser.
ENDIVE,A composite herb (Cichorium Endivia). Its finely divided andmuch curled
leaves, when blanched, are used for salad. Wild endive(Bot.), chicory or succory.
ENDLESSLY,In an endless manner.
ENDLESSNESS,The quality of being endless; perpetuity.
ENDLONG,Lengthwise; along. [Archaic]The doors were all of adamants eterne, I-
clenched overthwart andendelong With iron tough. Chaucer.He pricketh endelong the
large space. Chaucer.To thrust the raft endlong across the moat. Sir W. Scott.
ENDMOST,Farthest; remotest; at the very end. Tylor.
ENDOBLAST,Entoblast; endoplast. See Nucleus,
ENDOBLASTIC,Relating to the endoblast; as, the endoblastic layer.
ENDOCARDITIS,Inflammation of the endocardium.
ENDOCARDIUM,The membrane lining the cavities of the heart.
ENDOCARP,The inner layer of a ripened or fructified ovary.
ENDOCHONDRAL,Growing or developing within cartilage; -- applied esp. todeveloping
bone.
ENDOCHROME,The coloring matter within the cells of plants, whether green,red,
yellow, or any other color.
ENDOCTRINE,To teach; to indoctrinate. [Obs.] Donne.
ENDOCYST,The inner layer of the cells of Bryozoa.
ENDODERM,Of or pertaining to the endoderm.
ENDODERMIS,A layer of cells forming a kind of cuticle inside of the propercortical
layer, or surrounding an individual fibrovascular bundle.
ENDOGAMOUS,Marrying within the same tribe; -- opposed to exogamous.
ENDOGAMY,Marriage only within the tribe; a custom restricting a man inhis choice of
a wife to the tribe to which he belongs; -- opposed toexogamy.
ENDOGEN,A plant which increases in size by internal growth andelongation at the
summit, having the wood in the form of bundles orthreads, irregularly distributed
throughout the whole diameter, notforming annual layers, and with no distinct pith.
The leaves of theendogens have, usually, parallel veins, their flowers are mostly
inthree, or some multiple of three, parts, and their embryos have but asingle
cotyledon, with the first leaves alternate. The endogensconstitute one of the great
primary classes of plants, and includedall palms, true lilies, grasses, rushes,
orchids, the banana,pineapple, etc. See Exogen.
ENDOGENESIS,Endogeny.
ENDOGENETIC,Endogenous.
ENDOGENOUS,Increasing by internal growth and elongation at the summit,instead of
externally, and having no distinction of pith, wood, andbark, as the rattan, the
palm, the cornstalk.
ENDOGENOUSLY,By endogenous growth.
ENDOGENY,Growth from within; multiplication of cells by endogenousdivision, as in
the development of one or more cells in the interiorof a parent cell.
ENDOGNATH,The inner or principal branch of the oral appendages ofCrustacea. See
Maxilla.
ENDOGNATHAL,Pertaining to the endognath.
ENDOLYMPH,The watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of theinternal
ear.
ENDOLYMPHANGIAL,Within a lymphatic vessel.
ENDOME,To cover as with a dome.
ENDOMETRITIS,Inflammation of the endometrium.
ENDOMETRIUM,The membrane lining the inner surface of the uterus, or womb.
ENDOMORPH,A crystal of one species inclosed within one of another, as oneof rutile
inclosed in quartz.
ENDOMYSIUM,The delicate bands of connective tissue interspersed amongmuscular
fibers.
ENDONEURIUM,The delicate bands of connective tissue among nerve fibers.
ENDOPARASITE,Any parasite which lives in the internal organs of an animal,as the
tapeworms, Trichina, etc.; -- opposed to ectoparasite. SeeEntozoön.--
En`do*par`a*sit"ic, a.
ENDOPHLOEUM,The inner layer of the bark of trees.
ENDOPHRAGMA,A chitinous structure above the nervous cord in the thorax ofcertain
Crustacea.
ENDOPHRAGMAL,Of or pertaining to the endophragma.
ENDOPHYLLOUS,Wrapped up within a leaf or sheath.
ENDOPLASM,The protoplasm in the interior of a cell.
ENDOPLASMA,Same as Entoplasm and Endosarc.
ENDOPLAST,See Nucleus.
ENDOPLASTICA,A group of Rhizopoda having a distinct nucleus, as the am
ENDOPLASTULE,See Nucleolus.
ENDOPLEURA,The inner coating of a seed. See Tegmen.
ENDOPLEURITE,The portion of each apodeme developed from the interepimeralmembrane
in certain crustaceans.
ENDOPODITE,The internal or principal branch of the locomotive appendagesof
Crustacea. See Maxilliped.
ENDORHIZA,Any monocotyledonous plant; -- so named because manymonocotyledons have
an endorhizal embryo.
ENDORSE,Same as Indorse.
ENDORSEE,Same as Indorsee.
ENDORSEMENT,Same as Indorsement.
ENDORSER,Same as Indorser.
ENDOSARC,The semifluid, granular interior of certain unicellularorganisms, as the
inner layer of sarcode in the amoeba; entoplasm;endoplasta.
ENDOSCOPE,An instrument for examining the interior of the rectum, theurethra, and
the bladder.
ENDOSCOPY,The art or process of examining by means of the endoscope.
ENDOSKELETAL,Pertaining to, or connected with, the endoskeleton; as,endoskeletal
muscles.
ENDOSKELETON,The bony, cartilaginous, or other internal framework of ananimal, as
distinguished from the exoskeleton.
ENDOSMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the force or amount of endosmoticaction.
ENDOSMOMETRIC,Pertaining to, or designed for, the measurement of endosmoticaction.
ENDOSMOSMIC,Endosmotic.
ENDOSMOTIC,Pertaining to endosmose; of the nature endosmose; osmotic.Carpenter.
ENDOSPERM,The albumen of a seed; -- limited by recent writers to thatformed within
the embryo sac.
ENDOSPERMIC,Relating to, accompanied by, or containing, endosperm.
ENDOSPORE,The thin inner coat of certain spores.
ENDOSPOROUS,Having the spores contained in a case; -- applied to fungi.
ENDOSS,To put upon the back or outside of anything; -- the olderspelling of
endorse. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENDOSTEAL,Relating to endostosis; as, endosteal ossification.
ENDOSTERNITE,The part of each apodeme derived from the intersternal membranein
Crustacea and insects.
ENDOSTEUM,The layer of vascular connective tissue lining the medullarycavities of
bone.
ENDOSTOMA,A plate which supports the labrum in certain Crustacea.
ENDOSTOME,The foramen or passage through the inner integument of anovule.
ENDOSTOSIS,A process of bone formation in which ossification takes placewithin the
substance of the cartilage.
ENDOSTYLE,A fold of the endoderm, which projects into the blood cavity ofascidians.
See Tunicata.
ENDOTHECA,The tissue which partially fills the interior of theinterseptal chambers
of most madreporarian corals. It usuallyconsists of a series of oblique tranverse
septa, one above another.-- En`do*the"cal, a.
ENDOTHECIUM,The inner lining of an another cell.
ENDOTHELIAL,Of, or relating to, endothelium.
ENDOTHELIUM,The thin epithelium lining the blood vessels, lymphatics, andserous
cavities. See Epithelium.
ENDOTHELOID,Like endothelium.
ENDOTHERMIC,Designating, or pert. to, a reaction which occurs withabsorption of
heat; formed by such a reaction; as, an endothermicsubstance; -- opposed to
exothermic.
ENDOTHORAX,An internal process of the sternal plates in the thorax ofinsects.
ENDOWER,To endow. [Obs.] Waterhouse.
ENDOZOA,See Entozoa.
ENDRUDGE,To make a drudge or slave of. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ENDUE,To invest. Latham.Tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with
power fromon high. Luke xxiv. 49.Endue them . . . with heavenly gifts. Book of
Common Prayer.
ENDUEMENT,Act of enduing; induement.
ENDURABLE,Capable of being endured or borne; sufferable. Macaulay.--
En*dur"a*ble*ness, n.
ENDURABLY,In an endurable manner.
ENDURANT,Capable of enduring fatigue, pain, hunger, etc.The ibex is a remarkably
endurant animal. J. G. Wood.
ENDUREMENT,Endurance. [Obs.] South.
ENDURER,One who, or that which, endures or lasts; one who bears,suffers, or
sustains.
ENDURING,Lasting; durable; long-suffering; as, an enduring disposition."A better
and enduring substance." Heb. x. 34.-- En*dur"ing*ly, adv. T. Arnold.--
En*dur"ing*ness, n.
ENDYMA,See Ependyma.
ENDYSIS,The act of developing a new coat of hair, a new set offeathers, scales,
etc.; -- opposed to ecdysis.
ENECATE,To kill off; to destroy. [Obs.] Harvey.
ENEID,Same as Æneid.
ENEMA,An injection, or clyster, thrown into the rectum as a medicine,or to impart
nourishment. Hoblyn.
ENEMY,One hostile to another; one who hates, and desires or attemptsthe injury of,
another; a foe; an adversary; as, an enemy of or to aperson; an enemy to truth, or
to falsehood.To all good he enemy was still. Spenser.I say unto you, Love your
enemies. Matt. v. 44.The enemy (Mil.), the hostile force. In this sense it is
construedwith the verb and pronoun either in the singular or the plural, butmore
commonly in the singular; as, we have met the enemy and he isours or they are
ours.It was difficult in such a country to track the enemy. It wasimpossible to
drive him to bay. Macaulay.
ENEPIDERMIC,Applied to the skin without friction; -- said of medicines.
ENERGETICS,That branch of science which treats of the laws governing thephysical or
mechanical, in distinction from the vital, forces, andwhich comprehends the
consideration and general investigation of thewhole range of the forces concerned
in physical phenomena. [R.]
ENERGIZE,To use strength in action; to act or operate with force orvigor; to act in
producing an effect.Of all men it is true that they feel and energize first, they
reflectand judge afterwards. J. C. Shairp.
ENERGIZER,One who, or that which, gives energy, or acts in producing aneffect.
ENERGIZING,Capable of imparting or exercising energy.Those nobler exercises of
energizing love. Bp. Horsley.
ENERGUMEN,One possessed by an evil spirit; a demoniac.
ENERGY,Capacity for performing work.
ENERVATE,To deprive of nerve, force, strength, or courage; to renderfeeble or
impotent; to make effeminate; to impair the moral powersof.A man . . . enervated by
licentiousness. Macaulay.And rhyme began t' enervate poetry. Dryden.
ENERVATIVE,Having power, or a tendency, to enervate; weakening. [R.]
ENERVE,To weaken; to enervate. [Obs.] Milton.
ENERVOUS,Lacking nerve or force; enervated. [R.]
ENFAMISH,To famish; to starve.
ENFECT,Contaminated with illegality. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENFEEBLE,To make feeble; to deprive of strength; to reduce the strengthor force of;
to weaken; to debilitate.Enfeebled by scanty subsistence and excessive toil.
Prescott.
ENFEEBLEMENT,The act of weakening; enervation; weakness.
ENFEEBLER,One who, or that which, weakens or makes feeble.
ENFEEBLISH,To enfeeble. [Obs.] Holland.
ENFELONED,Rendered fierce or frantic. [Obs.] "Like one enfeloned ordistraught."
Spenser.
ENFEOFF,To give a feud, or right in land, to; to invest with a fief orfee; to
invest (any one) with a freehold estate by the process offeoffment. Mozley & W.
ENFESTER,To fester. [Obs.] "Enfestered sores." Davies (Holy Roode).
ENFETTER,To bind in fetters; to enchain. "Enfettered to her love." Shak.
ENFEVER,To excite fever in. [R.] A. Seward.
ENFIERCE,To make fierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENFILADE,A firing in the direction of the length of a trench, or a lineof parapet
or troops, etc.; a raking fire.
ENFILED,Having some object, as the head of a man or beast, impaled uponit; as, a
sword which is said to be "enfiled of" the thing which itpierces.
ENFIRE,To set on fire. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENFLESH,To clothe with flesh. [Obs.]Vices which are . . . enfleshed in him. Florio.
ENFLEURAGE,A process of extracting perfumes by exposing absorbents, asfixed oils or
fats, to the exhalations of the flowers. It is used forplants whose volatile oils
are too delicate to be separated bydistillation.
ENFLOWER,To cover or deck with flowers. [Poetic]These odorous and enflowered
fields. B. Jonson.
ENFOLD,To infold. See Infold.
ENFOLDMENT,The act of infolding. See Infoldment.
ENFORCE,Force; strength; power. [Obs.]A petty enterprise of small enforce. Milton.
ENFORCEABLE,Capable of being enforced.
ENFORCED,Compelled; forced; not voluntary. "Enforced wrong." "Enforcedsmiles."
Shak.-- En*for"ced*ly, adv. Shak.
ENFORCER,One who enforces.
ENFORCIBLE,That may be enforced.
ENFORCIVE,Serving to enforce or constrain; compulsive. Marsion.-- En*for"cive*ly,
adv.
ENFOREST,To turn into a forest.
ENFORM,To form; to fashion. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENFOULDRED,Mixed with, or emitting, lightning. [Obs.] "With foulenfouldred smoke."
Spenser.
ENFRAME,To inclose, as in a frame.
ENFRANCHISER,One who enfranchises.
ENFREE,To set free. [Obs.] "The enfreed Antenor." Shak.
ENFREEDOM,To set free. [Obs.] Shak.
ENFREEZE,To freeze; to congeal. [Obs.]Thou hast enfrozened her disdainful breast.
Spenser.
ENFROWARD,To make froward, perverse, or ungovernable. [Obs.] Sir E.Sandys.
ENGAGE,To come into gear with; as, the teeth of one cogwheel engagethose of
another, or one part of a clutch engages the other part.
ENGAGEDLY,With attachment; with interest; earnestly.
ENGAGEDNESS,The state of being deeply interested; earnestness; zeal.
ENGAGEMENT,An action; a fight; a battle.In hot engagement with the Moors. Dryden.
ENGAGER,One who enters into an engagement or agreement; a surety.Several sufficient
citizens were engagers. Wood.
ENGAGING,Tending to draw the attention or affections; attractive; as,engaging
manners or address.-- En*ga"ging*ly, adv.-- En*ga"ging*ness, n. Engaging and
disengaging gear or machinery,that in which, or by means of which, one part is
alternately broughtinto gear or out of gear with another part, as occasion may
require.
ENGALLANT,To make a gallant of. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
ENGAOL,To put in jail; to imprison. [Obs.] Shak.
ENGARBOIL,To throw into disorder; to disturb. [Obs.] "To engarboil thechurch." Bp.
Montagu.
ENGARLAND,To encircle with a garland, or with garlands. Sir P. Sidney.
ENGARRISON,To garrison; to put in garrison, or to protect by a garrison.Bp. Hall.
ENGASTRIMUTH,An ventriloquist. [Obs.]
ENGENDER,One who, or that which, engenders.
ENGENDRURE,The act of generation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENGILD,To gild; to make splendent.Fair Helena, who most engilds the night. Shak.
ENGINE,A compound machine by which any physical power is applied toproduce a given
physical effect. Engine driver, one who manages anengine; specifically, the
engineer of a locomotive.-- Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe.-- Engine tool, a
machine tool. J. Whitworth.-- Engine turning (Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation
by means ofa rose engine.
ENGINE-SIZED,Sized by a machine, and not while in the pulp; -- said ofpaper.
Knight.
ENGINE-TYPE GENERATOR,A generator having its revolving part carried on the shaft
ofthe driving engine.
ENGINEERING,Originally, the art of managing engines; in its modern andextended
sense, the art and science by which the mechanicalproperties of matter are made
useful to man in structures andmachines; the occupation and work of an engineer.
ENGINEMAN,A man who manages, or waits on, an engine.
ENGINER,A contriver; an inventor; a contriver of engines. [Obs.] Shak.
ENGIRD,To gird; to encompass. Shak.
ENGIRDLE,To surround as with a girdle; to girdle.
ENGIRT,To engird. [R.] Collins.
ENGISCOPE,A kind of reflecting microscope. [Obs.]
ENGLAIMED,Clammy. [Obs.]
ENGLE,A favorite; a paramour; an ingle. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
ENGLISH,Of or pertaining to England, or to its inhabitants, or to thepresent so-
called Anglo-Saxon race. English bond (Arch.)
ENGLISHABLE,Capable of being translated into, or expressed in, English.
ENGLISHMAN,A native or a naturalized inhabitant of England.
ENGLISHWOMAN,Fem. of Englishman. Shak.
ENGLOOM,To make gloomy. [R.]
ENGLUE,To join or close fast together, as with glue; as, a coffer wellenglued.
Gower.
ENGORGE,To feed with eagerness or voracity; to stuff one's self withfood. Beaumont.
ENGORGED,Filled to excess with blood or other liquid; congested.
ENGORGEMENT,An overfullness or obstruction of the vessels in some part ofthe
system; congestion. Hoblyn.
ENGOULED,Partly swallowed; disappearing in the jaws of anything; as, aninfant
engouled by a serpent; said also of an ordinary, when its twoends to issue from the
mouths of lions, or the like; as, a bendengouled.
ENGOULEE,Same as Engouled.
ENGRAFF,To graft; to fix deeply. [Obs.]
ENGRAFFMENT,See Ingraftment. [Obs.]
ENGRAFT,See Ingraft. Shak.
ENGRAIL,To indent with small curves. See Engrailed.
ENGRAILED,Indented with small concave curves, as the edge of a bordure,bend, or the
like.
ENGRAILMENT,Indentation in curved lines, as of a line of division or theedge of an
ordinary.
ENGRAPPLE,To grapple. [Obs.]
ENGRASP,To grasp; to grip. [R.] Spenser.
ENGRAVE,To deposit in the grave; to bury. [Obs.] "Their corses toengrave." Spenser.
ENGRAVED,Having the surface covered with irregular, impressed lines.
ENGRAVER,One who engraves; a person whose business it is to produceengraved work,
especially on metal or wood.
ENGRAVERY,The trade or work of an engraver. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
ENGREGGE,To aggravate; to make worse; to lie heavy on. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENGRIEVE,To grieve. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENGUARD,To surround as with a guard. [Obs.] Shak.
ENGULF,To absorb or swallow up as in a gulf.It quite engulfs all human thought.
Young.
ENGULFMENT,A swallowing up as if in a gulf. [R.]
ENGYN,Variant of Engine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENHALO,To surround with a halo.
ENHANCE,To be raised up; to grow larger; as, a debt enhances rapidly bycompound
interest.
ENHANCEMENT,The act of increasing, or state of being increased;augmentation;
aggravation; as, the enhancement of value, price,enjoyments, crime.
ENHANCER,One who enhances; one who, or that which, raises the amount,price, etc.
ENHARBOR,To find harbor or safety in; to dwell in or inhabit. W. Browne.
ENHARDEN,To harden; to embolden. [Obs.] Howell.
ENHARMONICALLY,In the enharmonic style or system; in just intonation.
ENHEARTEN,To give heart to; to fill with courage; to embolden.The enemy exults and
is enheartened. I. Taylor.
ENHEDGE,To surround as with a hedge. [R.] Vicars.
ENHORT,To encourage. [Obs.] "To enhort the people." Chaucer.
ENHUNGER,To make hungry.Those animal passions which vice had . . . enhungered to
feed oninnocence and life. J. Martineau.
ENHYDROS,A variety of chalcedony containing water.
ENHYDROUS,Having water within; containing fluid drops; -- said of certaincrystals.
ENIGMA,Relating to or resembling an enigma; not easily explained oraccounted for;
darkly expressed; obscure; puzzling; as, anenigmatical answer.
ENIGMATICALLY,Darkly; obscurely.
ENIGMATIST,One who makes, or talks in, enigmas. Addison.
ENIGMATIZE,To make, or talk in, enigmas; to deal in riddles.
ENISLED,Placed alone or apart, as if on an island; severed, as anisland. [R.] "In
the sea of life enisled." M. Arnold.
ENJAIL,To put into jail; to imprison. [R.] Donne.
ENJOIN,To prohibit or restrain by a judicial order or decree; to putan injunction
on.This is a suit to enjoin the defendants from disturbing theplaintiffs. Kent.
ENJOINER,One who enjoins.
ENJOINMENT,Direction; command; authoritative admonition. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
ENJOY,To take satisfaction; to live in happiness. [R.] Milton.
ENJOYABLE,Capable of being enjoyed or of giving joy; yielding enjoyment.Milton.
ENJOYER,One who enjoys.
ENKENNEL,To put into a kennel.
ENKERCHIEFED,Bound with a kerchief; draped; hooded; covered. Milton.That soft,
enkerchiefed hair. M. Arnold.
ENLACE,To bind or encircle with lace, or as with lace; to lace; toencircle; to
enfold; hence, to entangle.Ropes of pearl her neck and breast enlace. P. Fletcher.
ENLACEMENT,The act of enlacing, or state of being enlaced; a surroundingas with a
lace.
ENLARD,To cover or dress with lard or grease; to fatten. Shak.
ENLARGE,To get more astern or parallel with the vessel's course; todraw aft; --
said of the wind.
ENLARGED,Made large or larger; extended; swollen.-- En*lar"ged*ly, adv.--
En*lar"ged*ness, n.
ENLARGER,One that enlarges.
ENLAY,See Inlay.
ENLENGTHEN,To lengthen. [Obs.]
ENLEVEN,Eleven. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENLIGHT,To illumine; to enlighten. [R.]Which from the first has shone on ages past,
Enlights the present,and shall warm the last. Pope.
ENLIGHTENER,One who enlightens or illuminates; one who, or that which,communicates
light to the eye, or clear views to the mind.
ENLIGHTENMENT,Act of enlightening, or the state of being enlightened orinstructed.
ENLIMN,To adorn by illuminating or ornamenting with colored anddecorated letters
and figures, as a book or manuscript. [R.]Palsgrave.
ENLINK,To chain together; to connect, as by links. Shak.
ENLIVE,To enliven. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ENLIVENER,One who, or that which, enlivens, animates, or invigorates.
ENLOCK,To lock; to inclose.
ENLUMINE,To illumine. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENLUTE,To coat with clay; to lute. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENMANCHE,Resembling, or covered with, a sleeve; -- said of the chiefwhen lines are
drawn from the middle point of the upper edge upperedge to the sides.
ENMARBLE,To make hard as marble; to harden. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENMESH,To catch or entangle in, or as in, meshes. Shak.My doubts enmesh me if I
try. Lowell.
ENMEW,See Emmew.
ENMIST,To infold, as in a mist.
ENMOSSED,Covered with moss; mossed. Keats.
ENMOVE,See Emmove. [Obs.]
ENMUFFLE,To muffle up.
ENMURE,To immure. [Obs.]
ENNATION,The ninth segment in insects.
ENNEAD,The number nine or a group of nine. The Enneads, the titlegiven to the works
of the philosopher Plotinus, published by hispupil Porphyry; -- so called because
each of the six books into whichit is divided contains nine chapters.
ENNEAGON,A polygon or plane figure with nine sides and nine angles; anonagon.
ENNEAGONAL,Belonging to an enneagon; having nine angles.
ENNEAGYNOUS,Having or producing nine pistils or styles; -- said of a floweror
plant.
ENNEAHEDRAL,Having nine sides.
ENNEANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants having nine stamens.
ENNEAPETALOUS,Having nine petals, or flower leaves.
ENNEASPERMOUS,Having nine seeds; -- said of fruits.
ENNEW,To make new. [Obs.] Skelton.
ENNICHE,To place in a niche. Sterne.
ENNOBLER,One who ennobles.
ENNUI,A feeling of weariness and disgust; dullness and languor ofspirits, arising
from satiety or want of interest; tedium. T. Gray.
ENNUYE,Affected with ennui; weary in spirits; emotionally exhausted.
ENNUYEE,A woman affected with ennui. Mrs. Jameson.
ENODAL,Without a node. Gray.
ENODATION,The act or operation of clearing of knots, or of untying;hence, also, the
solution of a difficulty. [R.] Bailey.
ENODE,To clear of knots; to make clear. [Obs.] Cockeram.
ENOINT,Anointed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENOMOTARCH,The commander of an enomoty. Mitford.
ENOMOTY,A band of sworn soldiers; a division of the Spartan armyranging from
twenty-five to thirty-six men, bound together by oath.
ENOPLA,One of the orders of Nemertina, characterized by the presenceof a peculiar
armature of spines or plates in the proboscis.
ENOPTOMANCY,Divination by the use of a mirror.
ENORM,Enormous. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENORMOUSLY,In an enormous degree.
ENORMOUSNESS,The state of being enormous.
ENORTHOTROPE,An optical toy; a card on which confused or imperfect figuresare
drawn, but which form to the eye regular figures when the card israpidly revolved.
See Thaumatrope.
ENOUGH,Satisfying desire; giving content; adequate to meet the want;sufficient; --
usually, and more elegantly, following the noun towhich it belongs.How many hired
servants of my father's have bread enough and tospare! Luke xv. 17.
ENOUNCEMENT,Act of enouncing; that which is enounced.
ENOW,A form of Enough. [Archaic] Shak.
ENPATRON,To act the part of a patron towards; to patronize. [Obs.] Shak.
ENPIERCE,To pierce. [Obs.] Shak.
ENQUERE,To inquire. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENQUICKEN,To quicken; to make alive. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
ENQUIRE,See Inquire.
ENQUIRER,See Inquirer.
ENQUIRY,See Inquiry.
ENRACE,To enroot; to implant. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENRAGE,To fill with rage; to provoke to frenzy or madness; to makefurious.
ENRAGEMENT,Act of enraging or state of being enraged; excitement. [Obs.]
ENRANK,To place in ranks or in order. [R.] Shak.
ENRAPT,Thrown into ecstasy; transported; enraptured. Shak.
ENRAPTURE,To transport with pleasure; to delight beyond measure; toenravish.
Shenstone.
ENRAVISH,To transport with delight; to enrapture; to fascinate. Spenser.
ENRAVISHINGLY,So as to throw into ecstasy.
ENRAVISHMENT,The state of being enravished or enraptured; ecstasy;
rapture.Glanvill.
ENREGISTER,To register; to enroll or record; to inregister.To read enregistered in
every nook His goodness, which His beautydoth declare. Spenser.
ENRHEUM,To contract a rheum. [Obs.] Harvey.
ENRICHER,One who enriches.
ENRICHMENT,The act of making rich, or that which enriches; increase ofvalue by
improvements, embellishment, etc.; decoration;embellishment.
ENRIDGE,To form into ridges. Shak.
ENRING,To encircle. [R.]The Muses and the Graces, grouped in threes, Enringed a
billowingfountain in the midst. Tennyson.
ENRIPEN,To ripen. [Obs.] Donne.
ENRIVE,To rive; to cleave. [Obs.]
ENROBE,To invest or adorn with a robe; to attire.
ENROCKMENT,A mass of large stones thrown into water at random to formbases of
piers, breakwaters, etc.
ENROLLER,One who enrolls or registers.
ENROOT,To fix by the root; to fix fast; to implant deep. Shak.
ENROUND,To surround. [Obs.] Shak.
ENS,Entity, being, or existence; an actually existing being; also,God, as the Being
of Beings.
ENSAFE,To make safe. [Obs.] Hall.
ENSAMPLE,An example; a pattern or model for imitation. [Obs.] Tyndale.Being
ensamples to the flock.
ENSANGUINE,To stain or cover with blood; to make bloody, or of a blood-redcolor;
as, an ensanguined hue. "The ensanguined field." Milton.
ENSATE,Having sword-shaped leaves, or appendages; ensiform.
ENSCALE,To cover with scales.
ENSCHEDULE,To insert in a schedule. See Schedule. [R.] Shak.
ENSCONCE,To cover or shelter, as with a sconce or fort; to place or hidesecurely;
to conceal.She shall not see me: I will ensconce me behind the arras. Shak.
ENSEAL,To impress with a seal; to mark as with a seal; hence, toratify. [Obs.]This
deed I do enseal. Piers Plowman.
ENSEAM,To sew up; to inclose by a seam; hence, to include; to contain.Camden.
ENSEAR,To sear; to dry up. [Obs.]Ensear thy fertile and conceptious womb. Shak.
ENSEARCH,To make search; to try to find something. [Obs.] -- v. t.
ENSEEL,To close eyes of; to seel; -- said in reference to a hawk.[Obs.]
ENSEINT,With child; pregnant. See Enceinte. [Obs.]
ENSEMBLE,The whole; all the parts taken together.
ENSHELTER,To shelter. [Obs.]
ENSHIELD,To defend, as with a shield; to shield. [Archaic] Shak.
ENSHRINE,To inclose in a shrine or chest; hence, to preserve or cherishas something
sacred; as, to enshrine something in memory.We will enshrine it as holy relic.
Massinger.
ENSHROUD,To cover with, or as with, a shroud; to shroud. Churchill.
ENSIFEROUS,Bearing a sword.
ENSIFORM,Having the form of a sword blade; sword-shaped; as, an ensiformleaf.
Ensiform cartilage, and Ensiform process. (Anat.) SeeXiphisternum.
ENSIGNCY,The rank or office of an ensign.
ENSIGNSHIP,The state or rank of an ensign.
ENSILAGE,To preserve in a silo; as, to ensilage cornstalks.
ENSILE,To store (green fodder) in a silo; to prepare as silage. --En"si*list (#),
n.
ENSKY,To place in the sky or in heaven. [R.] "A thing enskied andsainted." Shak.
ENSLAVE,To reduce to slavery; to make a slave of; to subject to adominant
influence.The conquer'd, also, and enslaved by war, Shall, with their freedomlost,
all virtue lose. Milton.Pleasure admitted in undue degree Enslaves the will.
Cowper.
ENSLAVEDNESS,State of being enslaved.
ENSLAVEMENT,The act of reducing to slavery; state of being enslaved;bondage;
servitude.A fresh enslavement to their enemies. South.
ENSLAVER,One who enslaves. Swift.
ENSNARE,To catch in a snare. See Insnare.
ENSNARL,To entangle. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENSOBER,To make sober. [Obs.]Sad accidents to ensober his spirits. Jer. Taylor.
ENSOUL,To indue or imbue (a body) with soul. [R.] Emerson.
ENSTAMP,To stamp; to mark asIt is the motive . . . which enstamps the character.
Gogan.
ENSTATE,See Instate.
ENSTATITE,A mineral of the pyroxene group, orthorhombic incrystallization; often
fibrous and massive; color grayish white orgreenish. It is a silicate of magnesia
with some iron. Bronzite is aferriferous variety.
ENSTATITIC,Relating to enstatite.
ENSTORE,To restore. [Obs.] Wyclif.
ENSTYLE,To style; to name. [Obs.]
ENSUABLE,Ensuing; following.
ENSUE,To follow; to pursue; to follow and overtake. [Obs.] "Seekpeace, and ensue
it." 1 Pet. iii. 11.To ensue his example in doing the like mischief. Golding.
ENSURER,See Insurer.
ENSWATHE,To swathe; to envelop, as in swaddling clothes. Shak.
ENSWATHEMENT,The act of enswathing, or the state of being enswathed.
ENSWEEP,To sweep over or across; to pass over rapidly. [R.] Thomson.
ENT-,A prefix signifying within. See Ento-.
ENTABLATURE,The superstructure which lies horizontally upon the columns.See Illust.
of Column, Cornice.
ENTABLEMENT,See Entablature. [R.] Evelyn.
ENTACKLE,To supply with tackle. [Obs.] Skelton.
ENTAD,Toward the inside or central part; away from the surface; --opposed to ectad.
B. G. Wilder.
ENTAL,Pertaining to, or situated near, central or deep parts; inner;-- opposed to
ectal. B. G. Wilder.
ENTAME,To tame. [Obs.] Shak.
ENTANGLEMENT,State of being entangled; intricate and confused involution;that which
entangles; intricacy; perplexity.
ENTANGLER,One that entangles.
ENTASIA,Tonic spasm; -- applied generically to denote any diseasecharacterized by
tonic spasms, as tetanus, trismus, etc.
ENTASIS,A slight convex swelling of the shaft of a column.
ENTASSMENT,A heap; accumulation. [R.]
ENTASTIC,Relating to any disease characterized by tonic spasms.
ENTELECHY,An actuality; a conception completely actualized, indistinction from mere
potential existence.
ENTELLUS,An East Indian long-tailed bearded monkey (Semnopithecusentellus) regarded
as sacred by the natives. It is remarkable for thecaplike arrangement of the hair
on the head. Called also hoonoomaunand hungoor.
ENTEND,To attend to; to apply one's self to. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENTENTIVE,Attentive; zealous. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENTER-,A prefix signifying between, among, part.
ENTERADENOGRAPHY,A treatise upon, or description of, the intestinal glands.
ENTERADENOLOGY,The science which treats of the glands of the alimentary canal.
ENTERALGIA,Pain in the intestines; colic.
ENTERDEAL,Mutual dealings; intercourse. [Obs.]The enterdeal of princes strange.
Spenser.
ENTERER,One who makes an entrance or beginning. A. Seward.
ENTERIC,Of or pertaining to the enteron, or alimentary canal;intestinal. Enteric
fever (Med.), typhoid fever.
ENTERITIS,An inflammation of the intestines. Hoblyn.
ENTERLACE,See Interlace.
ENTERMETE,To interfere; to intermeddle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENTERMEWER,A hawk gradually changing the color of its feathers, commonlyin the
second year.
ENTERMISE,Mediation. [Obs.]
ENTEROCELE,A hernial tumor whose contents are intestine.
ENTEROCOELE,A perivisceral cavity which arises as an outgrowth oroutgrowths from
the digestive tract; distinguished from aschizocoele, which arises by a splitting
of the mesoblast of theembryo.
ENTEROGRAPHY,A treatise upon, or description of, the intestines; enterology.
ENTEROLITH,An intestinal concretion.
ENTEROLOGY,The science which treats of the viscera of the body.
ENTERON,The whole alimentary, or enteric, canal.
ENTEROPATHY,Disease of the intestines.
ENTEROPNEUSTA,A group of wormlike invertebrates having, along the sides ofthe body,
branchial openings for the branchial sacs, which are formedby diverticula of the
alimentary canal. Balanoglossus is the onlyknown genus. See Illustration in
Appendix.
ENTERORRHAPHY,The operation of sewing up a rent in the intestinal canal.
ENTEROTOME,A kind of scissors used for opening the intestinal canal, as inpost-
mortem examinations.
ENTEROTOMY,Incision of the intestines, especially in reducing certaincases of
hernia.
ENTERPARLANCE,Mutual talk or conversation; conference. [Obs.] Sir J. Hayward.
ENTERPLEAD,Same as Interplead.
ENTERPRISE,To undertake an enterprise, or something hazardous ordifficult. [R.]
Pope.
ENTERPRISER,One who undertakes enterprises. Sir J. Hayward.
ENTERPRISING,Having a disposition for enterprise; characterized byenterprise;
resolute, active or prompt to attempt; as, anenterprising man or firm.--
En"ter*pri`sing*ly, adv.
ENTERTAIN,To receive, or provide entertainment for, guests; as, heentertains
generously.
ENTERTAINER,One who entertains.
ENTERTAINING,Affording entertainment; pleasing; amusing; diverting.--
En`ter*tain"ing*ly, adv.-- En`ter*tain"ing*ness, n.
ENTERTAKE,To entertain. [Obs.]
ENTERTISSUED,Same as Intertissued.
ENTHEASM,Inspiration; enthusiasm. [R.] "Religious entheasm." Byron.
ENTHEASTIC,Of godlike energy; inspired.-- En`the*as"tic*al*ly, adv.
ENTHEAT,Divinely inspired. [Obs.] Drummond.
ENTHETIC,Caused by a morbifie virus implanted in the system; as, anenthetic disease
like syphilis.
ENTHRALL,To hold in thrall; to enslave. See Inthrall.The bars survive the captive
they enthrall. Byron.
ENTHRALLMENT,The act of enthralling, or state of being enthralled. SeeInthrallment.
ENTHRILL,To pierce; to thrill. [Obs.] Sackville.
ENTHRONE,To induct, as a bishop, into the powers and privileges of avacant see.
ENTHRONEMENT,The act of enthroning, or state of being enthroned. [Recent]
ENTHRONIZATION,The act of enthroning; hence, the admission of a bishop to hisstall
or throne in his cathedral.
ENTHRONIZE,To place on a throne; hence, to induct into office, as abishop.There
openly enthronized as the very elected king. Knolles.
ENTHUSE,To make or become enthusiastic. [Slang]
ENTHUSIAST,One moved or actuated by enthusiasm; as: (a) One who imagineshimself
divinely inspired, or possessed of some special revelation; areligious madman; a
fanatic. (b) One whose mind is wholly possessedand heated by what engages it; one
who is influenced by a peculiar;fervor of mind; an ardent and imaginative
person.Enthusiasts soon understand each other. W. Irving.
ENTHUSIASTIC,An enthusiast; a zealot. [Obs.]
ENTHYMEME,An argument consisting of only two propositions, an antecedentand
consequent deduced from it; a syllogism with one premise omitted;as, We are
dependent; therefore we should be humble. Here the majorproposition is suppressed.
The complete syllogism would be, Dependentcreatures should be humble; we are
dependent creatures; therefore weshould be humble.
ENTICE,To draw on, by exciting hope or desire; to allure; to attract;as, the bait
enticed the fishes. Often in a bad sense: To leadastray; to induce to evil; to
tempt; as, the sirens enticed them tolisten.Roses blushing as they blow, And
enticing men to pull. Beau. & Fl.My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.
Prov. i. 10.Go, and thine erring brother gain, Entice him home to be
forgiven.Keble.
ENTICEABLE,Capable of being enticed.
ENTICER,One who entices; one who incites or allures to evil. Burton.
ENTICING,That entices; alluring.
ENTICINGLY,In an enticing manner; charmingly. "She . . . sings mostenticingly."
Addison.
ENTIERTY,See Entirety. [Obs.]
ENTIRE,A name originally given to a kind of beer combining qualitiesof different
kinds of beer. [Eng.] "Foker's Entire." Thackeray.
ENTIRE-WHEAT,Designating, made of, or relating to, flour including aconsiderable
part of the bran.
ENTITATIVE,Considered as pure entity; abstracted from all circumstances.Ellis.--
En"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv.
ENTITULE,To entitle. B. Jonson.
ENTITY,A real being, whether in thought (as an ideal conception) or infact; being;
essence; existence.Self-subsisting entities, such as our own personality.
Shairp.Fortune is no real entity, . . . but a mere relative signification.Bentley.
ENTO-,A combining form signifying within; as, entoblast.
ENTOBLAST,The inner germ layer; endoderm. See Nucleolus.
ENTOBRONCHIUM,One of the main bronchi in the lungs of birds.
ENTODERM,See Endoderm, and Illust. of Blastoderm.
ENTOGASTRIC,Pertaining to the interior of the stomach; -- applied to a modeof
budding from the interior of the gastric cavity, in certainhydroids.
ENTOGENOUS,See Endogenous.
ENTOGLOSSAL,Within the tongue; -- applied to the glossohyal bone.
ENTOIL,To take with toils or bring into toils; to insnare. [R.]Entoiled in woofed
phantasies. Keats.
ENTOMB,To deposit in a tomb, as a dead body; to bury; to inter; toinhume. Hooker.
ENTOMBMENT,The act of entombing or burying, or state of being entombed;burial.
Barrow.
ENTOMERE,The more granular cells, which finally become internal, in manysegmenting
ova, as those of mammals.
ENTOMOID,Resembling an insect.-- n.
ENTOMOLIN,See Chitin.
ENTOMOLITE,A fossil insect.
ENTOMOLOGIST,One versed in entomology.
ENTOMOLOGIZE,To collect specimens in the study of entomology. C. Kingsley.
ENTOMOPHAGAN,Relating to the Entomophaga.-- n.
ENTOMOPHAGOUS,Feeding on insects; insectivorous.
ENTOMOPHILOUS,Fertilized by the agency of insects; -- said of plants in whichthe
pollen is carried to the stigma by insects.
ENTOMOSTRACA,One of the subclasses of Crustacea, including a large number
ofspecies, many of them minute. The group embraces several orders; asthe
Phyllopoda, Ostracoda, Copepoda, and Pectostraca. See Copepoda,Phyllopoda, and
Cladocera.
ENTOMOSTRACAN,Relating to the Entomostraca.-- n.
ENTOMOSTRACOUS,Belonging to the Entomostracans.
ENTOMOTOMIST,One who practices entomotomy.
ENTOMOTOMY,The science of the dissection of insects.
ENTONIC,Having great tension, or exaggerated action. Dunglison.
ENTOPERIPHERAL,Being, or having its origin, within the external surface of thebody;
-- especially applied to feelings, such as hunger, produced byinternal
disturbances. Opposed to epiperipheral.
ENTOPHYTE,A vegetable parasite subsisting in the interior of the body.
ENTOPHYTIC,Of or pertaining to entophytes; as, an entophytic disease.
ENTOPLASTIC,Pertaining to, or composed of, entoplasm; as, the entoplasticproducts
of some Protozoa, or the entoplastic modification of thecell protoplasm, by which a
nucleus is produced.
ENTOPLASTRON,The median plate of the plastron of turtles; -- called
alsoentosternum.
ENTOPROCTA,A group of Bryozoa in which the anus is within the circle oftentacles.
See Pedicellina.
ENTOPTIC,Relating to objects situated within the eye; esp., relating tothe
perception of objects in one's own eye.
ENTORGANISM,An internal parasitic organism.
ENTORTILATION,A turning into a circle; round figures. [Obs.] Donne.
ENTOSTERNUM,See Entoplastron.-- En`to*ster"nal, a.
ENTOSTHOBLAST,The granule within the nucleolus or entoblast of a nucleatedcell.
Agassiz.
ENTOTHORAX,See Endothorax.
ENTOTIC,Pertaining to the interior of the ear.
ENTOURAGE,Surroundings; specif., collectively, one's attendants orassociates.
ENTOZOA,Pertaining to, or consisting of, the Entozoa.
ENTRAIL,To interweave; to intertwine. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENTRAIN,To draw along as a current does; as, water entrained by steam.
ENTRAMMEL,To trammel; to entangle. Bp. Hacket.
ENTRANCEMENT,The act of entrancing, or the state of trance or ecstasy.Otway.
ENTRAP,To catch in a trap; to insnare; hence, to catch, as in a trap,by artifices;
to involve in difficulties or distresses; to catch orinvolve in contradictions; as,
to be entrapped by the devices of evilmen.A golden mesh, to entrap the hearts of
men. Shak.
ENTREAT,Entreaty. [Obs.] Ford.
ENTREATABLE,That may be entreated.
ENTREATANCE,Entreaty. [Obs.] Fairfax.
ENTREATER,One who entreats; one who asks earnestly; a beseecher.
ENTREATFUL,Full of entreaty. [R.] See Intreatful.
ENTREATINGLY,In an entreating manner.
ENTREATIVE,Used in entreaty; pleading. [R.] "Entreative phrase." A.Brewer.
ENTREATMENT,Entreaty; invitation. [Obs.] Shak.
ENTREE,In French usage, a dish served at the beginning of dinner togive zest to the
appetite; in English usage, a side dish, served witha joint, or between the
courses, as a cutlet, scalloped oysters, etc.
ENTREMETS,A side dish; a dainty or relishing dish usually eaten after thejoints or
principal dish; also, a sweetmeat, served with a dinner.
ENTRENCH,See Intrench.
ENTREPOT,A warehouse; a magazine for depositing goods, stores, etc.; amart or place
where merchandise is deposited; as, an entrepôt forshipping goods in transit.
ENTREPRENEUR,One who creates a product on his own account; whoeverundertakes on his
own account an industrial enterprise in whichworkmen are employed. F. A. Walker.
ENTRESOL,A low story between two higher ones, usually between the groundfloor and
the first story; mezzanine. Parker.
ENTRICK,To trick, to perplex. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
ENTROCHAL,Pertaining to, or consisting of, entrochites, or the joints ofencrinites;
-- used of a kind of stone or marble.
ENTROCHITE,A fossil joint of a crinoid stem.
ENTROPION,Same as Entropium.
ENTROPIUM,The inversion or turning in of the border of the eyelids.
ENTROPY,A certain property of a body, expressed as a measurablequantity, such that
when there is no communication of heat thequantity remains constant, but when heat
enters or leaves the bodythe quantity increases or diminishes. If a small amount,
h, of heatenters the body when its temperature is t in the thermodynamic scalethe
entropy of the body is increased by h . The entropy is regardedas measured from
some standard temperature and pressure. Sometimescalled the thermodynamic
function.The entropy of the universe tends towards a maximum. Clausius.
ENTRUST,See Intrust.
ENTRY,The exhibition or depositing of a ship's papers at thecustomhouse, to procure
license to land goods; or the giving anaccount of a ship's cargo to the officer of
the customs, andobtaining his permission to land the goods. See Enter, v. t., 8,
andEntrance, n.,
ENTRYNG,Am entrance. [Obs.]So great an entryng and so large. Chaucer.
ENTUNE,To tune; to intone. Chaucer.
ENTWINE,To twine, twist, or wreathe together or round. [Written
alsointwine.]Entwined in duskier wreaths her braided locks. Shelley.Thy glorious
household stuff did me entwine. Herbert.
ENTWINEMENT,A twining or twisting together or round; union. Bp. Hacket.
ENTWIST,To twist or wreathe round; to intwine. Shak.
ENUBILATE,To clear from mist, clouds, or obscurity. [R.] Bailey.
ENUBILOUS,Free from fog, mist, or clouds; clear. [R.]
ENUCLEATE,To remove without cutting (as a tumor).
ENUCLEATION,The act of enucleating; elucidation; exposition.Neither sir, nor water,
nor food, seem directly to contributeanything to the enucleation of this disease.
Tooke.
ENUMERATE,To count; to tell by numbers; to count over, or tell off oneafter
another; to number; to reckon up; to mention one by one; toname over; to make a
special and separate account of; to recount; as,to enumerate the stars in a
constellation.Enumerating the services he had done. Ludlow.
ENUMERATION,A recapitulation, in the peroration, of the heads of anargument.
ENUMERATIVE,Counting, or reckoning up, one by one.Enumerative of the variety of
evils. Jer. Taylor.
ENUMERATOR,One who enumerates.
ENUNCIABLE,Capable of being enunciated or expressed.
ENUNCIATE,To utter words or syllables articulately.
ENUNCIATIVE,Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation; declarative.Ayliffe.--
E*nun"ci*a*tive*ly, adv.
ENUNCIATOR,One who enunciates or proclaims.
ENUNCIATORY,Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation or utterance.
ENURE,See Inure.
ENURESIS,An involuntary discharge of urine; incontinence of urine.
ENVASSAL,To make a vassal of. [Obs.]
ENVAULT,To inclose in a vault; to entomb. [R.] Swift.
ENVEIGLE,To entice. See Inveigle.
ENVELOP,To put a covering about; to wrap up or in; to inclose within acase,
wrapper, integument or the like; to surround entirely; as, toenvelop goods or a
letter; the fog envelops a ship.Nocturnal shades this world envelop. J. Philips.
ENVENIME,To envenom. [Obs.]
ENVERMEIL,To color with, or as with, vermilion; to dye red. [Obs.]Milton.
ENVIABLE,Fitted to excite envy; capable of awakening an ardent desire toposses or
to resemble.One of most enviable of human beings. Macaulay.-- En"vi*a*ble*ness,
n.-- En"vi*a*bly, adv.
ENVIE,To vie; to emulate; to strive. [Obs.] Spenser.
ENVIER,One who envies; one who desires inordinately what anotherpossesses.
ENVIGOR,To invigorate. [Obs.]
ENVIRON,To surround; to encompass; to encircle; to hem in; to be roundabout; to
involve or envelop.Dwelling in a pleasant glade, With mountains round about
environed.Spenser.Environed he was with many foes. Shak.Environ me with darkness
whilst I write. Donne.
ENVIRONS,The parts or places which surround another place, or lie in
itsneighborhood; suburbs; as, the environs of a city or town.Chesterfield.
ENVISAGE,To look in the face of; to apprehend; to regard. [R.] Keats.From the very
dawn of existence the infant must envisage self, andbody acting on self. McCosh.
ENVISAGEMENT,The act of envisaging.
ENVOLUME,To form into, or incorporate with, a volume. [R.]
ENVOLUP,To wrap up; to envelop. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENVOY,An explanatory or commendatory postscript to a poem, essay, orbook; -- also
in the French from, l'envoi.The envoy of a ballad is the "sending" of it forth.
Skeat.
ENVOYSHIP,The office or position of an envoy.
ENVYNED,Stored or furnished with wine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ENWALL,See Inwall. Sir P. Sidney.
ENWALLOW,To plunge into, or roll in, flith; to wallow.So now all three one
senseless lump remain, Enwallowed in his ownblack bloody gore. Spenser.
ENWHEEL,To encircle. Shak.
ENWIDEN,To widen. [Obs.]
ENWIND,To wind about; to encircle.In the circle of his arms Enwound us both.
Tennyson.
ENWOMAN,To endow with the qualities of a woman. [R.] Daniel.
ENWRAP,To envelop. See Inwrap.
ENWRAPMENT,Act of enwrapping; a wrapping or an envelope. Shuckford.
ENWREATHE,See Inwreathe. Shelton.
ENZYME,An unorganized or unformed ferment, in distinction from anorganized or
living ferment; a soluble, or chemical, ferment.Ptyalin, pepsin, diastase, and
rennet are good examples of enzymes.
EOCENE,Pertaining to the first in time of the three subdivisions intowhich the
Tertiary formation is divided by geologists, and alludingto the approximation in
its life to that of the present era; as,Eocene deposits.-- n.
EOLIAN,Formed, or deposited, by the action of wind, as dunes. Eolianattachment,
Eolian harp. See Æolian.
EOLIC,See Æolic.
EOLIPILE,Same as Æolipile.
EOLIS,A genus of nudibranch mollusks having clusters of branchialpapillæ along the
back. See Ceratobranchia. [Written also Æolis.]
EOPHYTE,A fossil plant which is found in the lowest beds of theSilurian age.
EOPHYTIC,Of or pertaining to eophytes.
EOS,Aurora, the goddess of morn.
EOSAURUS,An extinct marine reptile from the coal measures of NovaScotia; -- so
named because supposed to be of the earliest knownreptiles.
EOSIN,A yellow or brownish red dyestuff obtained by the action ofbromine on
fluoresceïn, and named from the fine rose-red which itimparts to silk. It is also
used for making a fine red ink. Itssolution is fluorescent.
EOSPHORITE,A hydrous phosphate of alumina and manganese. It is generallyof a rose-
pink color, -- whence the name.
EOZOIC,Of or pertaining to rocks or strata older than the Paleozoic,in many of
which the eozoön has been found.
EP-,See Epi-.
EPACRIS,A genus of shrubs, natives of Australia, New Zealand, etc.,having pretty
white, red, or purple blossoms, and much resemblingheaths.
EPACT,The moon's age at the beginning of the calendar year, or thenumber of days by
which the last new moon has preceded the beginningof the year. Annual epact, the
excess of the solar year over thelunar year, -- being eleven days.-- Menstrual
epact, or Monthly epact, the excess of a calendar monthover a lunar.
EPAGOGE,The adducing of particular examples so as to lead to auniversal conclusion;
the argument by induction.
EPAGOGIC,Inductive. Latham.
EPALATE,Without palpi.
EPANADIPLOSIS,A figure by which the same word is used both at the beginningand at
the end of a sentence; as, "Rejoice in the Lord always: andagain I say, Rejoice."
Phil. iv. 4.
EPANALEPSIS,A figure by which the same word or clause is repeated afterintervening
matter. Gibbs.
EPANAPHORA,Same as Anaphora. Gibbs.
EPANASTROPHE,Same as Anadiplosis. Gibbs.
EPANODOS,A figure of speech in which the parts of a sentence or clauseare repeated
in inverse order, as in the following: --O more exceeding love, or law more just
Just law, indeed, but moreexceeding love! Milton.
EPANODY,The abnormal change of an irregular flower to a regular form; -- considered
by evolutionists to be a reversion to an ancestralcondition.
EPANORTHOSIS,A figure by which a speaker recalls a word or words, in orderto
substitute something else stronger or more significant; as, Mostbrave! Brave, did I
say most heroic act!
EPANTHOUS,Growing upon flowers; -- said of certain species of fungi.
EPARCH,In ancient Greece, the governor or perfect of a province; inmodern Greece,
the ruler of an eparchy.
EPARCHY,A province, prefecture, or territory, under the jurisdiction ofan eparch or
governor; esp., in modern Greece, one of the largersubdivisions of a monarchy or
province of the kingdom; in Russia, adiocese or archdiocese.
EPARTERIAL,Situated upon or above an artery; -- applied esp. to thebranches of the
bronchi given off above the point where the pulmonaryartery crosses the bronchus.
EPAULE,The shoulder of a bastion, or the place where its face andflank meet and
form the angle, called the angle of the shoulder.
EPAULEMENT,A side work, made of gabions, fascines, or bags, filled withearth, or of
earth heaped up, to afford cover from the flanking fireof an enemy.
EPAXIAL,Above, or on the dorsal side of, the axis of the skeleton;episkeletal.
EPEIRA,A genus of spiders, including the common garden spider (E.diadema). They
spin geometrical webs. See Garden spider.
EPEN,See Epencephalon.
EPENCEPHALON,The segment of the brain next behind the midbrain, includingthe
cerebellum and pons; the hindbrain. Sometimes abbreviated toepen.
EPENDYMA,The epithelial lining of the ventricles of the brain and thecanal of the
spinal cord; endyma; ependymis.
EPENDYMIS,See Ependyma.
EPENETIC,Bestowing praise; eulogistic; laudatory. [Obs.] E. Phillips.
EPENTHESIS,The insertion of a letter or a sound in the body of a word; as,the b in
"nimble" from AS. nemol.
EPENTHETIC,Inserted in the body of a word; as, an epenthetic letter orsound.
EPERGNE,A centerpiece for table decoration, usually consisting ofseveral dishes or
receptacles of different sizes grouped together inan ornamental design.
EPERLAN,The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
EPEXEGESIS,A full or additional explanation; exegesis.
EPEXEGETICAL,Relating to epexegesis; explanatory; exegetical.
EPHEMERA,A fever of one day's continuance only.
EPHEMERAL,Anything lasting but a day, or a brief time; an ephemeralplant, insect,
etc.
EPHEMERAN,One of the ephemeral flies.
EPHEMERIC,Ephemeral.
EPHEMERIS,A collective name for reviews, magazines, and all kinds ofperiodical
literature. Brande & C.
EPHEMERON,One of the ephemeral flies.
EPHEMEROUS,Ephemeral. [R.] Burke.
EPHESIAN,Of or pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in AsiaMinor.
EPHIALTES,The nightmare. Brande & C.
EPHIPPIAL,Saddle-shaped; occupying an ephippium. Dana.
EPHIPPIUM,A depression in the sphenoid bone; the pituitary fossa.
EPHOD,A part of the sacerdotal habit among Jews, being a covering forthe back and
breast, held together on the shoulders by two clasps orbrooches of onyx stones set
in gold, and fastened by a girdle of thesame stuff as the ephod. The ephod for the
priests was of plainlinen; that for the high priest was richly embroidered in
colors. Thebreastplate of the high priest was worn upon the ephod in front.Exodus
xxviii. 6-12.
EPHOR,A magistrate; one of a body of five magistrates chosen by thepeople of
ancient Sparta. They exercised control even over the king.
EPHORAL,Pertaining to an ephor.
EPHORALTY,The office of an ephor, or the body of ephors.
EPHRAIM,A hunter's name for the grizzly bear.
EPHYRA,A stage in the development of discophorous medusæ, when theyfirst begin to
swim about after being detached from the strobila. SeeStrobila.
EPI-,A prefix, meaning upon, beside, among, on the outside, above,over. It becomes
ep- before a vowel, as in epoch, and eph- before aGreek aspirate, as in ephemeral.
EPIBLAST,The outer layer of the blastoderm; the ectoderm. SeeBlastoderm,
Delamination.
EPIBLASTIC,Of or relating to, or consisting of, the epiblast.
EPIBLEMA,The epidermal cells of rootlets, specially adapted to absorbliquids.
Goodale.
EPIBOLIC,Growing or covering over; -- said of a kind of invagination.See under
Invagination.
EPIBOLY,Epibolic invagination. See under Invagination.
EPIBRANCHIAL,Pertaining to the segment between the ceratobranchial
andpharyngobranchial in a branchial arch.-- n.
EPIC,Narrated in a grand style; pertaining to or designating a kindof narrative
poem, usually called an heroic poem, in which real orfictitious events, usually the
achievements of some hero, arenarrated in an elevated style.The epic poem treats of
one great, complex action, in a grand styleand with fullness of detail. T. Arnold.
EPICAL,Epic.-- Ep"ic*al*ly, adv.Poems which have an epical character. Brande &
C.His [Wordsworth's] longer poems (miscalled epical). Lowell.
EPICARDIAC,Of or relating to the epicardium.
EPICARDIUM,That of the pericardium which forms the outer surface of theheart; the
cardiac pericardium.
EPICARICAN,An isopod crustacean, parasitic on shrimps.
EPICARP,The external or outermost layer of a fructified or ripenedovary. See
Illust. under Endocarp.
EPICEDE,A funeral song or discourse; an elegy. [R.] Donne.
EPICEDIAL,Elegiac; funereal.
EPICEDIAN,Epicedial.-- n.
EPICEDIUM,An epicede.
EPICENTRAL,Arising from the centrum of a vertebra. Owen.
EPICERASTIC,Lenient; assuaging. [Obs.]
EPICHIREMA,A syllogism in which the proof of the major or minor premise,or both, is
introduced with the premises themselves, and theconclusion is derived in the
ordinary manner. [Written alsoepicheirema.]
EPICHORDAL,Upon or above the notochord; -- applied esp. to a vertebralcolumn which
develops upon the dorsal side of the notochord, asdistinguished from a perichordal
column, which develops around it.
EPICHORIAL,In or of the country. [R.]Epichorial superstitions from every district
of Europe. De Quincey.
EPICLEIDIUM,A projection, formed by a separate ossification, at thescapular end of
the clavicle of many birds.
EPICLINAL,Situated on the receptacle or disk of a flower.
EPICOENE,Epicene. [R.] Hadley.
EPICOLIC,Situated upon or over the colon; -- applied to the region ofthe abdomen
adjacent to the colon.
EPICONDYLAR,Pertaining to, or resembling, an epicondyle.
EPICONDYLE,A projection on the inner side of the distal end of thenumerus; the
internal condyle.
EPICORACOID,A ventral cartilaginous or bony element of the coracoid in theshoulder
girdle of some vertebrates.
EPICRANIAL,Pertaining to the epicranium; as epicranial muscles.
EPICRANIUM,The upper and superficial part of the head, including thescalp, muscles,
etc.
EPICUREANISM,Attachment to the doctrines of Epicurus; the principles orbelief of
Epicurus.
EPICURELY,Luxuriously. Nash.
EPICUREOUS,Epicurean. [Obs.]
EPICYCLE,A circle, whose center moves round in the circumference of agreater
circle; or a small circle, whose center, being fixed in thedeferent of a planet, is
carried along with the deferent, and yet, byits own peculiar motion, carries the
body of the planet fastened toit round its proper center.The schoolmen were like
astronomers which did feign eccentries, andepicycles, and such engines of orbs.
Bacon.
EPICYCLIC,Pertaining to, resembling, or having the motion of, anepicycle. Epicyclic
train (Mach.), a train of mechanism in whichepicyclic motion is involved; esp., a
train of spur wheels, bevelwheels, or belt pulleys, in which an arm, carrying one
or more of thewheels, sweeps around a center lying in an axis common to the
otherwheels.
EPICYCLOID,A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circlewhich rolls on
the convex side of a fixed circle.
EPICYCLOIDAL,Pertaining to the epicycloid, or having its properties.Epicycloidal
wheel, a device for producing straight-line motion fromcircular motion, on the
principle that a pin fastened in theperiphery of a gear wheel will describe a
straight line when thewheel rolls around inside a fixed internal gear of twice
itsdiameter.
EPIDEICTIC,Serving to show forth, explain, or exhibit; -- applied by theGreeks to a
kind of oratory, which, by full amplification, seeks topersuade.
EPIDEMIC,An epidemic disease.
EPIDEMICALLY,In an epidemic manner.
EPIDEMIOGRAPHY,A treatise upon, or history of, epidemic diseases.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL,Connected with, or pertaining to, epidemiology.
EPIDEMIOLOGIST,A person skilled in epidemiology.
EPIDEMIOLOGY,That branch of science which treats of epidemics.
EPIDEMY,An epidemic disease. Dunglison.
EPIDERM,The epidermis.
EPIDERMAL,Of or pertaining to the epidermis; epidermic; cuticular.
EPIDERMATIC,Epidermal. [R.]
EPIDERMATOID,Epidermoid. Owen.
EPIDERMEOUS,Epidermal. [R.]
EPIDERMIC,Epidermal; connected with the skin or the bark. Epidermicadministration
of medicine (Med.), the application of medicine to theskin by friction.
EPIDERMICAL,Epidermal. [R.]
EPIDERMIDAL,Epidermal. [R.]
EPIDERMIS,The outer, nonsensitive layer of the skin; cuticle; scarfskin.See Dermis.
EPIDERMOID,Like epidermis; pertaining to the epidermis.
EPIDERMOSE,Keratin.
EPIDIDYMIS,An oblong vermiform mass on the dorsal side of the testicle,composed of
numerous convolutions of the excretory duct of thatorgan.-- Ep`i*did"y*mal, a.
EPIDIDYMITIS,Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the common results ofgonorrhea.
EPIDOTE,A mineral, commonly of a yellowish green (pistachio) color,occurring
granular, massive, columnar, and in monoclinic crystals. Itis a silicate of
alumina, lime, and oxide of iron, or manganese.
EPIDOTIC,Related to, resembling, or containing epidote; as, an epidoticgranite.
EPIGAEA,An American genus of plants, containing but a single species(E. repens),
the trailing arbutus.
EPIGAEOUS,Growing on, or close to, the ground.
EPIGASTRIAL,Epigastric.
EPIGASTRIC,Pertaining to the epigastrium, or to the epigastric region.
EPIGASTRIUM,The upper part of the abdomen.
EPIGEAL,Epigæous. [R.]
EPIGEE,See Perigee. [Obs.]
EPIGENE,Foreign; unnatural; unusual; -- said of forms of crystals notnatural to the
substances in which they are found.
EPIGENESIS,The theory of generation which holds that the germ is createdentirely
new, not merely expanded, by the procreative power of theparents. It is opposed to
the theory of evolution, also tosyngenesis.
EPIGENESIST,One who believes in, or advocates the theory of, epigenesis.
EPIGENETIC,Of or pertaining to the epigenesis; produced according to thetheory of
epigenesis.
EPIGEOUS,Same as Epigæous.
EPIGEUM,See Perigee. [Obs.]
EPIGLOTTIC,Pertaining to, or connected with, the epiglottis.
EPIGLOTTIDEAN,Same as Epiglottic.
EPIGLOTTIS,A cartilaginous lidlike appendage which closes the glottiswhile food or
drink is passing while food or drink is passing throughthe pharynx.
EPIGNATHOUS,Hook-billed; having the upper mandible longer than the lower.
EPIGRAMMATICALLY,In the way of epigram; in an epigrammatic style.
EPIGRAMMATIST,One who composes epigrams, or makes use of them.The brisk
epigrammatist showing off his own cleverness. Holmes.
EPIGRAMMATIZE,To represent by epigrams; to express by epigrams.
EPIGRAMMATIZER,One who writes in an affectedly pointed style.Epigrammatizers of our
English prose style. Coleridge.
EPIGRAMMIST,An epigrammatist. Jer. Taylor.
EPIGRAPH,A citation from some author, or a sentence framed for thepurpose, placed
at the beginning of a work or of its separatedivisions; a motto.
EPIGRAPHICS,The science or study of epigraphs.
EPIGRAPHIST,A student of, or one versed in, epigraphy.
EPIGRAPHY,The science of inscriptions; the art of engraving inscriptionsor of
deciphering them.
EPIGYNOUS,Adnate to the surface of the ovary, so as to be apparentlyinserted upon
the top of it; -- said of stamens, petals, sepals, andalso of the disk.
EPIHYAL,A segment next above the ceratohyal in the hyoidean arch.
EPILEPSY,The "falling sickness," so called because the patient fallssuddenly to the
ground; a disease characterized by paroxysms (orfits) occurring at interval and
attended by sudden loss ofconsciousness, and convulsive motions of the muscles.
Dunglison.
EPILEPTIC,Pertaining to, affected with, or of the nature of, epilepsy.
EPILEPTICAL,Epileptic.
EPILEPTIFORM,Resembling epilepsy.
EPILEPTOGENOUS,Producing epilepsy or epileptoid convulsions; -- applied toareas of
the body or of the nervous system, stimulation of whichproduces convulsions.
EPILEPTOID,Resembling epilepsy; as, epileptoid convulsions.
EPILOGATION,A summing up in a brief account. [Obs.] Udall.
EPILOGISM,Enumeration; computation. [R.] J. Gregory.
EPILOGISTIC,Of or pertaining to epilogue; of the nature of an epilogue. T.Warton.
EPILOGIZE,To speak an epilogue to; to utter as an epilogue.
EPILOGUE,A speech or short poem addressed to the spectators and recitedby one of
the actors, after the conclusion of the play.A good play no epilogue, yet . . .
good plays prove the better by thehelp of good epilogues. Shak.
EPILOGUIZE,Same as Epilogize.
EPIMACHUS,A genus of highly ornate and brilliantly colored birds ofAustralia,
allied to the birds of Paradise.
EPIMERA,See Epimeron.
EPIMERAL,Pertaining to the epimera.
EPIMERE,One of the segments of the transverse axis, or the so calledhomonymous
parts; as, for example, one of the several segments of theextremities in
vertebrates, or one of the similar segments in plants,such as the segments of a
segmented leaf. Syd. Soc. Lex.
EPINASTIC,A term applied to that phase of vegetable growth in which anorgan grows
more rapidly on its upper than on its under surface. SeeHyponastic.
EPINEURAL,Arising from the neurapophysis of a vertebra.
EPINEURIUM,The connective tissue framework and sheath of a nerve whichbind together
the nerve bundles, each of which has its own specialsheath, or perineurium.
EPINGLETTE,An iron needle for piercing the cartridge of a cannon beforepriming.
EPINICIAL,Relating to victory. "An epinicial song." T. Warton.
EPINICION,A song of triumph. [Obs.] T. Warton.
EPINIKIAN,Epinicial.
EPIORNIS,One of the gigantic ostrichlike birds of the genus Æpiornis,only recently
extinct. Its remains have been found in Madagascar.[Written also Æpyornis.]
EPIOTIC,The upper and outer element of periotic bone, -- in man forminga part of
the temporal bone.
EPIPEDOMETRY,The mensuration of figures standing on the same base. [Obs.]
EPIPERIPHERAL,Connected with, or having its origin upon, the external surfaceof the
body; -- especially applied to the feelings which originate atthe extremities of
nerves distributed on the outer surface, as thesensation produced by touching an
object with the finger; -- opposedto entoperipheral. H. Spenser.
EPIPETALOUS,Borne on the petals or corolla.
EPIPHANY,A church festival celebrated on the 6th of January, the twelfthday after
Christmas, in commemoration of the visit of the Magi of theEast to Bethlehem, to
see and worship the child Jesus; or, as othersmaintain, to commemorate the
appearance of the star to the Magi,symbolizing the manifestation of Christ to the
Gentles; Twelfthtide.
EPIPHARYNGEAL,Pertaining to the segments above the epibranchial in thebranchial
arches of fishes.-- n.
EPIPHARYNX,A structure which overlaps the mouth of certain insects.
EPIPHONEMA,An exclamatory sentence, or striking reflection, which sums upor
concludes a discourse.
EPIPHONEME,Epiphonema. [R.]
EPIPHORA,The watery eye; a disease in which the tears accumulate in theeye, and
trickle over the cheek.
EPIPHRAGM,A membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some mollusksclose the
aperture of the shell during the time of hibernation, oræstivation.
EPIPHYLLOSPERMOUS,Bearing fruit on the back of the leaves, as ferns. Harris(1710).
EPIPHYLLOUS,Growing upon, or inserted into, the leaf.
EPIPHYLLUM,A genus of cactaceous plants having flattened, jointed stems,and petals
united in a tube. The flowers are very showy, and severalspecies are in
cultivation.
EPIPHYTAL,Pertaining to an epiphyte.
EPIPHYTE,An air plant which grows on other plants, but does not deriveits
nourishment from them. See Air plant.
EPIPLASTRON,One of the first pair of lateral plates in the plastron ofturtles.
EPIPLEURAL,Arising from the pleurapophysis of a vertebra. Owen.
EPIPLEXIS,A figure by which a person seeks to convince and move by anelegant kind
of upbraiding.
EPIPLOCE,A figure by which one striking circumstance is added, in duegradation, to
another; climax; e. g., "He not only spared hisenemies, but continued them in
employment; not only continued, butadvanced them." Johnson.
EPIPLOIC,Relating to the epiploön.
EPIPODIAL,Pertaining to the epipodialia or the parts of the limbs towhich they
belong.
EPIPODIALE,One of the bones of either the forearm or shank, theepipodialia being
the radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula.
EPIPODITE,The outer branch of the legs in certain Crustacea. SeeMaxilliped.
EPIPODIUM,One of the lateral lobes of the foot in certain gastropods.
EPIPOLIC,Producing, or relating to, epipolism or fluorescence. [R.]
EPIPOLISM,See Fluorescence. [R.] Sir J. Herschel.
EPIPOLIZED,Changed to the epipolic condition, or that in which thephenomenon of
fluorescence is presented; produced by fluorescence;as, epipolized light. [R.]
Stokes.
EPIPTERIC,Pertaining to a small Wormian bone sometimes present in thehuman skull
between the parietal and the great wing of the sphenoid.-- n.
EPIPTERYGOID,Situated upon or above the pterygoid bone.-- n.
EPIPUBIC,Relating to the epipubis.
EPIPUBIS,A cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some amphibiansand other
animals.
EPISCOPACY,Government of the church by bishops; church government by threedistinct
orders of ministers -- bishops, priests, and deacons -- ofwhom the bishops have an
authority superior and of a different kind.
EPISCOPALIAN,Pertaining to bishops, or government by bishops;
episcopal;specifically, of or relating to the Protestant Episcopal Church.
EPISCOPALIANISM,The doctrine and usages of Episcopalians; episcopacy.
EPISCOPALLY,By episcopal authority; in an episcopal manner.
EPISCOPANT,A bishop. [Obs.] Milton.
EPISCOPARIAN,Episcopal. [R.] Wood.
EPISCOPATE,To act as a bishop; to fill the office of a prelate. [Obs.]Feeding the
flock episcopating. Milton.
EPISCOPICIDE,The killing of a bishop.
EPISCOPIZE,To make a bishop of by consecration. Southey.
EPISEPALOUS,Growing on the sepals or adnate to them.
EPISKELETAL,Above or outside of the endoskeleton; epaxial.
EPISODAL,Same as Episodic.
EPISODE,A separate incident, story, or action, introduced for thepurpose of giving
a greater variety to the events related; anincidental narrative, or digression,
separable from the main subject,but naturally arising from it.
EPISODIAL,Pertaining to an episode; by way of episode; episodic.
EPISPADIAS,A deformity in which the urethra opens upon the top of thepenis, instead
of at its extremity.
EPISPASTIC,Attracting the humors to the skin; exciting action in the
skin;blistering.
EPISPERM,The skin or coat of a seed, especially the outer coat. SeeTesta.
EPISPERMIC,Pertaining, or belonging, to the episperm, or covering of aseed.
EPISPORE,The thickish outer coat of certain spores.
EPISTAXIS,Bleeding at the nose.
EPISTEMOLOGY,The theory or science of the method or grounds of knowledge.
EPISTERNAL,Of or pertaining to the episternum.
EPISTERNUM,One of the lateral pieces next to the sternum in the thorax ofinsects.
EPISTILBITE,A crystallized, transparent mineral of the Zeolite family. Itis a
hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.
EPISTLE,One of the letters in the New Testament which were addressed totheir
Christian brethren by Apostles. Epistle side, the right side ofan altar or church
to a person looking from the nave toward thechancel.One sees the pulpit on the
epistle side. R. Browning.
EPISTLER,The ecclesiastic who reads the epistle at the communionservice.
EPISTOLAR,Epistolary. Dr. H. More.
EPISTOLEAN,One who writes epistles; a correspondent. Mary Cowden Clarke.
EPISTOLER,One of the clergy who reads the epistle at the communionservice; an
epistler.
EPISTOLET,A little epistle. Lamb.
EPISTOLIZE,To write epistles.
EPISTOLIZER,A writer of epistles.
EPISTOLOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to the writing of letters; used in writing
letters;epistolary. Epistolographic character or mode of writing, the same
asDemotic character. See under Demotic.
EPISTOLOGRAPHY,The art or practice of writing epistles.
EPISTROPHE,A figure in which successive clauses end with the same word
oraffirmation; e. g., "Are they Hebrews so am I. Are they Israelites soam I." 2
Cor. xi. 22.
EPISTYLE,A massive piece of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacusof the
capital of a column or pillar; -- now called architrave.
EPISYLLOGISM,A syllogism which assumes as one of its premises a propositionwhich
was the conclusion of a preceding syllogism, called, inrelation to this, the
prosyllogism.
EPITAPH,To commemorate by an epitaph. [R.]Let me be epitaphed the inventor of
English hexameters. G. Harvey.
EPITAPHER,A writer of epitaphs. Nash.
EPITAPHIC,Pertaining to an epitaph; epitaphian.-- n.
EPITAPHIST,An epitapher.
EPITASIS,The period of violence in a fever or disease; paroxysm.Dunglison.
EPITHALAMIC,Belonging to, or designed for, an epithalamium.
EPITHALAMIUM,A nuptial song, or poem in honor of the bride and bridegroom.The kind
of poem which was called epithalamium . . . sung when thebride was led into her
chamber. B. Jonson.
EPITHALAMY,Epithalamium. [R.] Donne.
EPITHECA,A continuous and, usually, structureless layer which coversmore or less of
the exterior of many corals.
EPITHELIAL,Of or pertaining to epithelium; as, epithelial cells;epithelial cancer.
EPITHELIOID,Like epithelium; as, epithelioid cells.
EPITHELIOMA,A malignant growth containing epithelial cells; -- called
alsoepithelial cancer.
EPITHELIUM,The superficial layer of cells lining the alimentary canal andall its
appendages, all glands and their ducts, blood vessels andlymphatics, serous
cavities, etc. It often includes the epidermis (i.e., keratin-producing epithelial
cells), and it is sometimesrestricted to the alimentary canal, the glands and their
appendages,-- the term endothelium being applied to the lining membrane of theblood
vessels, lymphatics, and serous cavities.
EPITHELOID,Epithelioid.
EPITHEM,Any external topical application to the body, except ointmentsand plasters,
as a poultice, lotion, etc.
EPITHEMA,A horny excrescence upon the beak of birds.
EPITHESIS,The addition of a letter at the end of a word, without changingits sense;
as, numb for num, whilst for whiles.
EPITHET,To describe by an epithet. [R.]Never was a town better epitheted. Sir H.
Wotton.
EPITHITE,A lazy, worthless fellow; a vagrant. [Obs.] Mason.
EPITHUMETIC,Epithumetical. [Obs.]
EPITHUMETICAL,Pertaining to sexual desire; sensual. Sir T. Browne.
EPITITHIDES,The uppermost member of the cornice of an entablature.
EPITOMATOR,An epitomist. Sir W. Hamilton.
EPITOMIST,One who makes an epitome; one who abridges; an epitomizer.Milton.
EPITOMIZER,An epitomist. Burton.
EPITRITE,A foot consisting of three long syllables and one shortsyllable.
EPITROCHLEA,A projection on the outer side of the distal end of thehumerus; the
external condyle.
EPITROCHLEAR,Relating to the epitrochlea.
EPITROCHOID,A kind of curve. See Epicycloid, any Trochoid.
EPITROPE,A figure by which permission is either seriously or ironicallygranted to
some one, to do what he proposes to do; e. g., "He that isunjust, let him be unjust
still."
EPIZEUXIS,A figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence oremphasis, as in the
following lines: -Alone, alone, all all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea. Coleridge.
EPIZOAN,An epizoön.
EPIZOIC,Living upon the exterior of another animal; ectozoic; -- saidof external
parasites.
EPOCH,A division of time characterized by the prevalence of similarconditions of
the earth; commonly a minor division or part of aperiod.The long geological epoch
which stored up the vast coal measures. J.C. Shairp.
EPOCHA,See Epoch. J. Adams.
EPOCHAL,Belonging to an epoch; of the nature of an epoch. "Epochalpoints." Shedd.
EPODIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, an epode.
EPONYMIC,Same as Eponymous.Tablets . . . which bear eponymic dates. I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).
EPONYMIST,One from whom a race, tribe, city, or the like, took its name;an eponym.
EPONYMOUS,Relating to an eponym; giving one's name to a tribe, people,country, and
the like.What becomes . . . of the Herakleid genealogy of the Spartan kings,when it
is admitted that eponymous persons are to be canceled asfictions Grote.
EPONYMY,The derivation of the name of a race, tribe, etc., from that ofa fabulous
hero, progenitor, etc.
EPOPT,One instructed in the mysteries of a secret system. Carlyle.
EPOS,An epic.
EPOTATION,A drinking up; a quaffing. [Obs.] Feltham.
EPROUVETTE,An apparatus for testing or proving the strength of gunpowder.
EPSOMITE,Native sulphate of magnesia or Epsom salt.
EPULARY,Of or pertaining to a feast or banquet. [Obs.] Smart.
EPULATION,A feasting or feast; banquet. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EPULIS,A hard tumor developed from the gums.
EPULOSE,Feasting to excess. [Obs.]
EPULOSITY,A feasting to excess. [Obs.]
EPULOTIC,Promoting the skinning over or healing of sores; as, anepulotic
ointment.-- n.
EPURATION,Purification.
EPURE,A draught or model from which to build; especially, one of thefull size of
the work to be done; a detailed drawing.
EPWORTH LEAGUE,A religious organization of Methodist young people, founded in1889
at Cleveland, Ohio, and taking its name from John Wesley'sbirthplace, Epworth,
Lincolnshire, England.
EQUABILITY,The quality or condition of being equable; evenness oruniformity; as,
equability of temperature; the equability of themind.For the celestial bodies, the
equability and constancy of theirmotions argue them ordained by wisdom. Ray.
EQUABLENESS,Quality or state of being equable.
EQUABLY,In an equable manner.
EQUAL,Intended for voices of one kind only, either all male or allfemale; --
opposed to mixed. [R.]
EQUALITARIAN,One who believes in equalizing the condition of men; a leveler.
EQUALITY,Exact agreement between two expressions or magnitudes withrespect to
quantity; -- denoted by the symbol =; thus, a = xsignifies that a contains the same
number and kind of units ofmeasure that x does. Confessional equality. See under
Confessional.
EQUALIZATION,The act of equalizing, or state of being equalized.Their equalization
with the rest of their fellow subjects. Burke.
EQUALIZER,One who, or that which, equalizes anything.
EQUALLY,In an equal manner or degree in equal shares or proportion;with equal and
impartial justice; without difference; alike; evenly;justly; as, equally taxed,
furnished, etc.
EQUALNESS,Equality; evenness. Shak.
EQUANGULAR,Having equal angles; equiangular. [R.] Johnson.
EQUANIMITY,Evenness of mind; that calm temper or firmness of mind which isnot
easily elated or depressed; patience; calmness; composure; as, tobear misfortunes
with equanimity.
EQUANIMOUS,Of an even, composed frame of mind; of a steady temper; noteasily elated
or depressed. Bp. Gauden.
EQUANT,A circle around whose circumference a planet or the center ofann epicycle
was conceived to move uniformly; -- called alsoeccentric equator.
EQUATE,To make equal; to reduce to an average; to make such anallowance or
correction in as will reduce to a common standard ofcomparison; to reduce to mean
time or motion; as, to equate payments;to equate lines of railroad for grades or
curves; equated distances.Palgrave gives both scrolle and scrowe and equates both
to F[rench]rolle. Skeat (Etymol. Dict. ).Equating for grades (Railroad Engin.),
adding to the measureddistance one mile for each twenty feet of ascent.-- Equating
for curves, adding half a mile for each 360 degrees ofcurvature.
EQUATION,An expression of the condition of equality between twoalgebraic quantities
or sets of quantities, the sign = being placedbetween them; as, a binomial
equation; a quadratic equation; analgebraic equation; a transcendental equation; an
exponentialequation; a logarithmic equation; a differential equation, etc.
EQUATOR,The imaginary great circle on the earth's surface, everywhereequally
distant from the two poles, and dividing the earth's surfaceinto two hemispheres.
EQUATORIAL,Of or pertaining to the equator; as, equatorial climates;
also,pertaining to an equatorial instrument.
EQUATORIALLY,So as to have motion or direction parallel to the equator.
EQUERY,Same as Equerry.
EQUESTRIAN,One who rides on horseback; a horseman; a rider.
EQUESTRIANISM,The art of riding on horseback; performance on
horseback;horsemanship; as, feats equestrianism.
EQUESTRIENNE,A woman skilled in equestrianism; a horsewoman.
EQUI-,A prefix, meaning equally; as, equidistant; equiangular.
EQUIANGLED,Equiangular. [Obs.] Boyle.
EQUIANGULAR,Having equal angles; as, an equiangular figure; a square isequiangular.
Equiangular spiral. (Math.) See under Spiral, n.-- Mutually equiangular, applied to
two figures, when every angle ofthe one has its equal among the angles of the
other.
EQUIBALANCE,Equal weight; equiponderance.
EQUICRESCENT,Increasing by equal increments; as, an equicrescent variable.
EQUICRURAL,Having equal legs or sides; isosceles. [R.] "Equicruraltriangles." Sir
T. Browne.
EQUICRURE,Equicrural. [Obs.]
EQUIDIFFERENT,Having equal differences; as, the terms of arithmeticalprogression
are equidifferent.
EQUIDISTANCE,Equal distance.
EQUIDISTANT,Being at an equal distance from the same point or thing.--
E`qui*dis"tant*ly, adv. Sir T. Browne.
EQUIDIURNAL,Pertaining to the time of equal day and night; -- applied tothe
equinoctial line. Whewell.
EQUIFORM,Having the same form; uniform.-- E`qui*for"mi*ty, n. Sir T. Browne.
EQUILATERAL,Having all the sides equal; as, an equilateral triangle; anequilateral
polygon. Equilateral hyperbola (Geom.), one whose axesare equal.-- Equilateral
shell (Zoöl.), one in which a transverse line drawnthrough the apex of the umbo
bisects the valve, or divides it intotwo equal and symmetrical parts.-- Mutually
equilateral, applied to two figures, when every side ofthe one has its equal among
the sides of the other.
EQUILIBRATE,To balance two scales, sides, or ends; to keep even with equalweight on
each side; to keep in equipoise. H. Spenser.
EQUILIBRATION,The process by which animal and vegetable organisms preserve
aphysiological balance. H. Spenser.
EQUILIBRIOUS,Evenly poised; balanced. Dr. H. More.-- E`qui*lib"ri*ous*ly, adv.
EQUILIBRIST,One who balances himself in unnatural positions and hazardousmovements;
a balancer.When the equilibrist balances a rod upon his finger. Stewart.
EQUILIBRITY,The state of being balanced; equality of weight. [R.] J.Gregory.
EQUIMOMENTAL,Having equal moments of inertia.
EQUIMULTIPLE,Multiplied by the same number or quantity.
EQUINAL,See Equine. "An equinal shape." Heywood.
EQUINE,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a horse.The shoulders, body, things, and
mane are equine; the head completelybovine. Sir J. Barrow.
EQUINIA,Glanders.
EQUINOCTIAL,The equinoctial line.
EQUINOCTIALLY,Towards the equinox.
EQUINUMERANT,Equal as to number. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
EQUIPAGED,Furnished with equipage.Well dressed, well bred. Well equipaged, is
ticket good enough.Cowper.
EQUIPARABLE,Comparable. [Obs. or R.]
EQUIPARATE,To compare. [R.]
EQUIPEDAL,Equal-footed; having the pairs of feet equal.
EQUIPENDENCY,The act or condition of hanging in equipoise; not inclined
ordetermined either way. South.
EQUIPENSATE,To weigh equally; to esteem alike. [Obs.]
EQUIPOISE,Sameness of signification of two or more propositions whichdiffer in
language.
EQUIPOLLENT,Having equivalent signification and reach; expressing the samething,
but differently.
EQUIPOLLENTLY,With equal power. Barrow.
EQUIPONDERANT,Being of the same weight.A column of air . . . equiponderant to a
column of quicksilver.Locke.
EQUIPONDERATE,To be equal in weight; to weigh as much as another thing. Bp.Wilkins.
EQUIPONDEROUS,Having equal weight. Bailey.
EQUIPONDIOUS,Of equal weight on both sides; balanced. [Obs.] Glanvill.
EQUIPOTENTIAL,Having the same potential. Equipotential surface, a surface forwhich
the potential is for all points of the surface constant. Levelsurfaces on the earth
are equipotential.
EQUIRADICAL,Equally radical. [R.] Coleridge.
EQUIROTAL,Having wheels of the same size or diameter; having equalrotation. [R.]
EQUISETACEOUS,Belonging to the Equisetaceæ, or Horsetail family.
EQUISETIFORM,Having the form of the equisetum.
EQUISETUM,A genus of vascular, cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; -- alsocalled
horsetails.
EQUISONANCE,An equal sounding; the consonance of the unison and itsoctaves.
EQUISONANT,Of the same or like sound.
EQUITABLE,That can be sustained or made available or effective in a courtof equity,
or upon principles of equity jurisprudence; as, anequitable estate; equitable
assets, assignment, mortgage, etc.Abbott.
EQUITABLENESS,The quality of being equitable, just, or impartial; as,
theequitableness of a judge, a decision, or distribution of property.
EQUITABLY,In an equitable manner; justly; as, the laws should beequitably
administered.
EQUITANCY,Horsemanship.
EQUITANT,Overlapping each other; -- said of leaves whose bases arefolded so as to
overlap and bestride the leaves within or above them,as in the iris.
EQUITATION,A riding, or the act of riding, on horseback; horsemanship.The pretender
to equitation mounted. W. Irving.
EQUITEMPORANEOUS,Contemporaneous. [Obs.] Boyle.
EQUITES,An order of knights holding a middle place between the senateand the
commonalty; members of the Roman equestrian order.
EQUITY,An equitable claim; an equity of redemption; as, an equity to asettlement,
or wife's equity, etc.I consider the wife's equity to be too well settled to be
shaken.Kent.
EQUIVALENCE,To be equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance. [R.] Sir T.Browne.
EQUIVALENCY,Same as Equivalence.
EQUIVALENT,Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; -- appliedto
magnitudes; as, a square may be equivalent to a triangle.
EQUIVALENTLY,In an equal manner.
EQUIVALUE,To put an equal value upon; to put (something) on a par withanother
thing. W. Taylor.
EQUIVALVULAR,Same as Equivalve or Equivalved.
EQUIVOCACY,Equivocalness.
EQUIVOCAL,A word or expression capable of different meanings; anambiguous term; an
equivoque.In languages of great ductility, equivocals like that just referredto are
rarely found. Fitzed. Hall.
EQUIVOCALLY,In an equivocal manner.
EQUIVOCALNESS,The state of being equivocal.
EQUIVOCATE,To use words of equivocal or doubtful signification; to expressone's
opinions in terms which admit of different senses, with intentto deceive; to use
ambiguous expressions with a view to mislead; as,to equivocate is the work of
duplicity.All that Garnet had to say for him was that he supposed he meant
toequivocate. Bp. Stillingfleet.
EQUIVOCATION,The use of expressions susceptible of a double signification,with a
purpose to mislead.There being no room for equivocations, there is no need
ofdistinctions. Locke.
EQUIVOCATOR,One who equivocates.Here's an equivocator that could swear in both the
scales againsteither scale, yet could not equivocate to heaven. Shak.
EQUIVOCATORY,Indicating, or characterized by, equivocation.
EQUIVOROUS,Feeding on horseflesh; as, equivorous Tartars.
EQUUS,A genus of mammals, including the horse, ass, etc.
ERADIATE,To shoot forth, as rays of light; to beam; to radiate. Dr. H.More.
ERADIATION,Emission of radiance.
ERADICABLE,Capable of being eradicated.
ERADICATIVE,Tending or serving to eradicate; curing or destroyingthoroughly, as a
disease or any evil.
ERASABLE,Capable of being erased.
ERASED,Represented with jagged and uneven edges, as is torn off; --used esp. of the
head or limb of a beast. Cf. Couped.
ERASEMENT,The act of erasing; a rubbing out; expunction; obliteration.Johnson.
ERASER,One who, or that which, erases; esp., a sharp instrument or apiece of rubber
used to erase writings, drawings, etc.
ERASION,The act of erasing; a rubbing out; obliteration.
ERASTIAN,One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a German physician andtheologian
of the 16th century. He held that the punishment of alloffenses should be referred
to the civil power, and that holycommunion was open to all. In the present day, an
Erastian is one whowould see the church placed entirely under the control of the
State.Shipley.
ERASTIANISM,The principles of the Erastains.
ERASURE,The act of erasing; a scratching out; obliteration.
ERATIVE,Pertaining to the Muse Erato who presided over amatory poetry.Stormonth.
ERATO,The Muse who presided over lyric and amatory poetry.
ERBIUM,A rare metallic element associated with several other rareelements in the
mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Symbol Er.Atomic weight 165.9. Its salts
are rose-colored and givecharacteristic spectra. Its sesquioxide is called erbia.
ERCEDEKEN,An archdeacon. [Obs.]
ERD,The earth. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. Erd shrew (Zoöl.), the commonEuropean shrew
(Sorex vulgaris); the shrewmouse.
ERE,To plow. [Obs.] See Ear, v. t. Chaucer.
EREBUS,A place of nether darkness, being the gloomy space throughwhich the souls
passed to Hades. See Milton's "Paradise Lost," BookII., line 883.
ERECT,Standing upright, with reference to the earth's surface, or tothe surface to
which it is attached.
ERECTABLE,Capable of being erected; as, an erectable feather. Col. G.Montagu.
ERECTER,An erector; one who raises or builds.
ERECTILE,Capable of being erected; susceptible of being erected ofdilated. Erectile
tissue (Anat.), a tissue which is capable of beinggreatly dilated and made rigid by
the distension of the numerousblood vessels which it contains.
ERECTILITY,The quality or state of being erectile.
ERECTION,The state of a part which, from having been soft, has becomehard and
swollen by the accumulation of blood in the erectile tissue.
ERECTIVE,Making erect or upright; raising; tending to erect.
ERECTLY,In an erect manner or posture.
ERECTNESS,Uprightness of posture or form.
ERECTO-PATENT,Having a position intermediate between erect and patent, orspreading.
ERECTOR,A muscle which raises any part.
ERELONG,Before the ere long.A man, . . . following the stag, erelong slew him.
Spenser.The world, erelong, a world of tears must weep. Milton.
EREMACAUSIS,A gradual oxidation from exposure to air and moisture, as inthe decay
of old trees or of dead animals.
EREMITAGE,See Hermitage.
EREMITE,A hermit.Thou art my heaven, and I thy eremite. Keats.
EREMITISH,Eremitic. Bp. Hall.
EREMITISM,The state of a hermit; a living in seclusion from social life.
EREPTATION,A creeping forth. [Obs.]
EREPTION,A snatching away. [Obs.] Cockeram.
ERETHISM,A morbid degree of excitement or irritation in an organ.Hoblyn.
ERETHISTIC,Relating to erethism.
ERF,A garden plot, usually about half an acre. [Cape Colony]
ERG,The unit of work or energy in the C. G. S. system, being theamount of work done
by a dyne working through a distance of onecentimeter; the amount of energy
expended in moving a body onecentimeter against a force of one dyne. One foot pound
is equal to13,560,000 ergs.
ERGAL,Potential energy; negative value of the force function.
ERGAT,To deduce logically, as conclusions. [Obs.] Hewyt.
ERGMETER,An instrument for measuring energy in ergs.
ERGO,Therefore; consequently; -- often used in a jocular way. Shak.
ERGOGRAPH,An instrument for measuring and recording the work done by asingle muscle
or set of muscles, the rate of fatigue, etc. --Er`go*graph"ic (#), a.
ERGOMETER,A device for measuring, or an instrument for indicating, energyexpended
or work done; a dynamometer. -- Er`go*met"ric (#), a.
ERGOT,A stub, like soft horn, about the size of a chestnut, situatedbehind and
below the pastern joint.
ERGOTIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, ergot; as, ergotic acid.
ERGOTIN,An extract made from ergot.
ERGOTINE,A powerful astringent alkaloid extracted from ergot as a brown,amorphous,
bitter substance. It is used to produce contraction of theuterus.
ERGOTISM,A logical deduction. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
ERGOTIZED,Affected with the ergot fungus; as, ergotized rye.
ERICA,A genus of shrubby plants, including the heaths, many of themproducing
beautiful flowers.
ERICACEOUS,Belonging to the Heath family, or resembling plants of thatfamily;
consisting of heats.
ERICINOL,A colorless oil (quickly becoming brown), with a pleasant odor,obtained by
the decomposition of ericolin.
ERICIUS,The Vulgate rendering of the Hebrew word qipod, which in the"Authorized
Version" is translated bittern, and in the RevisedVersion, porcupine.I will make it
[Babylon] a possession for the ericius and pools ofwaters. Is. xiv. 23 (Douay
version).
ERICOLIN,A glucoside found in the bearberry (and others of theEricaceæ), and
extracted as a bitter, yellow, amorphous mass.
ERIDANUS,A long, winding constellation extending southward from Taurusand
containing the bright star Achernar.
ERIGIBLE,Capable of being erected. [Obs.]
ERIN,An early, and now a poetic, name of Ireland.
ERINACEOUS,Of the Hedgehog family; like, or characteristic of, a hedgehog.
ERINGO,The sea holly. See Eryngo.
ERINITE,A hydrous arseniate of copper, of an emerald-green color; -- socalled from
Erin, or Ireland, where it occurs.
ERINYS,An avenging deity; one of the Furies; sometimes, consciencepersonified.
[Written also Erinnys.]
ERIOMETER,An instrument for measuring the diameters of minute particlesor fibers,
from the size of the colored rings produced by thediffraction of the light in which
the objects are viewed.
ERISTALIS,A genus of dipterous insects whose young (called rat-tailedlarvæ) are
remarkable for their long tapering tail, which spiraclesat the tip, and for their
ability to live in very impure and saltwaters; -- also called drone fly.
ERKE,ASlothful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
ERLKING,A personification, in German and Scandinavian mythology, of aspirit natural
power supposed to work mischief and ruin, esp. tochildren.
ERME,To grieve; to feel sad. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ERMIN,An Armenian. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ERMINE,A valuable fur-bearing animal of the genus Mustela (M.erminea), allied to
the weasel; the stoat. It is found in thenorthern parts of Asia, Europe, and
America. In summer it is brown,but in winter it becomes white, except the tip of
the tail, which isalways black.
ERMINED,Clothed or adorned with the fur of the ermine. Pope.
ERMIT,A hermit. [Obs.]
ERN,To stir with strong emotion; to grieve; to mourn.
ERNEST,See Earnest. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ERNESTFUL,Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ERODE,To eat into or away; to corrode; as, canker erodes the flesh."The blood . . .
erodes the vessels." Wiseman.The smaller charge is more apt to . . . erode the gun.
Am. Cyc.
ERODED,Having the edge worn away so as to be jagged or irregularlytoothed.
ERODENT,A medicine which eats away extraneous growths; a caustic.
EROGATE,To lay out, as money; to deal out; to expend. [Obs.]
EROGATION,The act of giving out or bestowing. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
EROS,Love; the god of love; -- by earlier writers represented as oneof the first
and creative gods, by later writers as the son ofAphrodite, equivalent to the Latin
god Cupid.
EROSE,Jagged or irregularly toothed, as if nibbled out or gnawed.-- E*rose"ly, adv.
EROSIVE,That erodes or gradually eats away; tending to erode;corrosive. Humble.
EROSTRATE,Without a beak.
EROTEME,A mark indicating a question; a note of interrogation.
EROTESIS,A figure oMust I give way and room to your rash choler Shall I be frighted
whena madman stares Shak.
EROTIC,An amorous composition or poem.
EROTICISM,Erotic quality.
ERPETOLOGIST,Herpetologist.
ERPETOLOGY,Herpetology.
ERRABLE,Liable to error; fallible.
ERRABLENESS,Liability to error. Dr. H. More.
ERRABUND,Erratic. "Errabund guesses." Southey.
ERRANCY,A wandering; state of being in error.
ERRAND,A special business intrusted to a messenger; something to betold or done by
one sent somewhere for the purpose; often, a verbalmessage; a commission; as, the
servant was sent on an errand; to doan errand. Also, one's purpose in going
anywhere.I have a secret errand to thee, O king. Judg. iii. 19.I will not eat till
I have told mine errand. Gen. xxiv. 33.mission.
ERRANT,Journeying; itinerant; -- formerly applied to judges who wenton circuit and
to bailiffs at large. Mozley & W.
ERRANTIA,A group of chætopod annelids, including those that are notconfined to
tubes. See Chætopoda. [Written also Errantes.]
ERRATA,See Erratum.
ERRATIC,Any stone or material that has been borne away from itsoriginal site by
natural agencies; esp., a large block or fragment ofrock; a bowlder.
ERRATICAL,Erratic.-- Er*rat"ic*al*ly, adv.-- Er*rat"ic*al*ness, n.
ERRATION,A wandering; a roving about. [Obs.] Cockeram.
ERRATUM,An error or mistake in writing or printing.A single erratum may knock out
the brains of a whole passage. Cowper.
ERRHINE,A medicine designed to be snuffed up the nose, to promotedischarges of
mucus; a sternutatory. Coxe.-- a.
ERROR,The difference between the approximate result and the trueresult; -- used
particularly in the rule of double position.
ERRORFUL,Full of error; wrong. Foxe.
ERRORIST,One who encourages and propagates error; one who holds toerror.
ERS,The bitter vetch (Ervum Ervilia).
ERSE,A name sometimes given to that dialect of the Celtic which isspoken in the
Highlands of Scotland; -- called, by the Highlanders,Gaelic.
ERSH,See Arrish.
ERSTWHILE,Till then or now; heretofore; formerly. [Archaic]
ERUBESCENT,Red, or reddish; blushing. Johnson.
ERUBESCITE,See Bornite.
ERUCA,An insect in the larval state; a caterpillar; a larva.
ERUCIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, a genus of cruciferousMediterranean herbs
(Eruca or Brassica); as, erucic acid, a fattyacid resembling oleic acid, and found
in colza oil, mustard oil, etc.
ERUCIFROM,Having the form of a caterpillar; -- said of insect larvæ.
ERUDIATE,To instruct; to educate; to teach. [Obs.]The skillful goddess there
erudiates these In all she did. Fanshawe.
ERUDITE,Characterized by extensive reading or knowledge; wellinstructed; learned.
"A most erudite prince." Sir T. More. "Erudite .. . theology." I. Taylor.--
Er"u*dite`ly, adv.-- Er"u*dite`ness, n.
ERUDITION,The act of instructing; the result of thorough instruction; thestate of
being erudite or learned; the acquisitions gained byextensive reading or study;
particularly, learning in literature orcriticism, as distinct from the sciences;
scholarship.The management of a young lady's person is not be overlooked, but
theerudition of her mind is much more to be regarded. Steele.The gay young
gentleman whose erudition sat so easily upon him.Macaulay.
ERUGATE,Freed from wrinkles; smooth.
ERUGINOUS,Partaking of the substance or nature of copper, or of the rustcopper;
resembling the trust of copper or verdigris; æruginous.
ERUMPENT,Breaking out; -- said of certain fungi which burst through thetexture of
leaves.
ERUPT,To cause to burst forth; to eject; as, to erupt lava. Huxley.
ERUPTION,The breaking out of pimples, or an efflorescence, as inmeasles,
scarlatina, etc.
ERUPTIONAL,Eruptive. [R.] R. A. Proctor.
ERUPTIVE,Attended with eruption or efflorescence, or producing it; as,an eruptive
fever.
ERYNGIUM,A genus of umbelliferous plants somewhat like thistles inappearance.
Eryngium maritimum, or sea holly, has been highlyesteemed as an aphrodisiac, the
roots being formerly candied.
ERYNGO,A plant of the genus Eryngium.
ERYSIPELAS,St. Anthony's fire; a febrile disease accompanied with adiffused
inflammation of the skin, which, starting usually from asingle point, spreads
gradually over its surface. It is usuallyregarded as contagious, and often occurs
epidemically.
ERYSIPELATOID,Resembling erysipelas.
ERYSIPELATOUS,Resembling erysipelas, or partaking of its nature.
ERYSIPELOUS,Erysipelatous.
ERYTHEMA,A disease of the skin, in which a diffused inflammation formsrose-colored
patches of variable size.
ERYTHEMATIC,Characterized by, or causing, a morbid redness of the skin;relating to
erythema.
ERYTHEMATOUS,Relating to, or causing, erythema.
ERYTHRIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, erythrin.
ERYTHRINA,A genus of leguminous plants growing in the tropics; coraltree; -- so
called from its red flowers.
ERYTHRISM,A condition of excessive redness. See Erythrochroism.
ERYTHRITE,A colorless crystalline substance, C4H6.(OH)4, of a sweet,cooling taste,
extracted from certain lichens, and obtained by thedecomposition of erythrin; --
called also erythrol, erythroglucin,erythromannite, pseudorcin, cobalt bloom, and
under the name phyciteobtained from the alga Protococcus vulgaris. It is a
tetrabasicalcohol, corresponding to glycol and glycerin.
ERYTHROCHROIC,Having, or subject to, erythrochroism.
ERYTHROCHROISM,An unusual redness, esp. in the plumage of birds, or hair ofmammals,
independently of age, sex, or season.
ERYTHRODEXTRIN,A dextrin which gives a red color with iodine. See Dextrin.
ERYTHROGRANULOSE,A term applied by Brücke to a substance present in small amountin
starch granules, colored red by iodine.
ERYTHROID,Of a red color; reddish; as, the erythroid tunic (the cremastermuscle).
ERYTHROLEIC,Having a red color and oily appearance; -- applied to a purplesemifluid
substance said to be obtained from archil.
ERYTHROLEIN,A red substance obtained from litmus.
ERYTHROLITMIN,Erythrolein.
ERYTHRONIUM,A name originally given (from its red acid) to the metalvanadium. [R.]
ERYTHROPHLEINE,A white crystalline alkaloid, extracted from sassy
bark(Erythrophleum Guineense).
ERYTHROXYLON,A genus of shrubs or small trees of the Flax family, growing
intropical countries. E. Coca is the source of cocaine. See Coca.
ERYTHROZYME,A ferment extracted from madder root, possessing the power ofinducing
alcoholic fermentation in solutions of sugar.
ESCALADE,A furious attack made by troops on a fortified place, in whichladders are
used to pass a ditch or mount a rampart.Sin enters, not by escalade, but by cunning
or treachery.Buckminster.
ESCALATOR,A stairway or incline arranged like an endless belt so that thesteps or
treads ascend or descend continuously, and one stepping uponit is carried up or
down; -- a trade term.
ESCALLOP,See Escalop.
ESCALLOPED,See Escaloped.
ESCALOP,A bivalve shell of the genus Pecten. See Scallop.
ESCALOPED,Covered with a pattern resembling a series of escalop shells,each of
which issues from between two others. Its appearance is thatof a surface covered
with scales. Escaloped oysters (Cookery). Seeunder Scalloped.
ESCAMBIO,A license formerly required for the making over a bill ofexchange to
another over sea. Cowell.
ESCAPABLE,Avoidable.
ESCAPE,The unlawful permission, by a jailer or other custodian, of aprisoner's
departure from custody.
ESCAPER,One who escapes.
ESCARBUNCLE,See Carbuncle, 3.
ESCARGATOIRE,A nursery of snails. [Obs.] Addison.
ESCARP,The side of the ditch next the parapet; -- same as scarp, andopposed to
counterscarp.
ESCARPMENT,A steep descent or declivity; steep face or edge of a ridge;ground about
a fortified place, cut away nearly vertically to preventhostile approach. See
Scarp.
ESCHALOT,See Shallot.
ESCHAR,A dry slough, crust, or scab, which separates from the healthypart of the
body, as that produced by a burn, or the application ofcaustics.
ESCHARA,A genus of Bryozoa which produce delicate corals, oftenincrusting like
lichens, but sometimes branched.
ESCHARINE,Like, or pertaining to, the genus Eschara, or family Escharidæ.
ESCHAROTIC,Serving or tending to form an eschar;; producing a scar;caustic.
ESCHATOLOGICAL,Pertaining to the last or final things.
ESCHATOLOGY,The doctrine of the last or final things, as death, judgment,and the
events therewith connected.
ESCHAUNGE,Exchange. [Obs.]
ESCHEAT,To revert, or become forfeited, to the lord, the crown, or theState, as
lands by the failure of persons entitled to hold the same,or by forfeiture.
ESCHEATABLE,Liable to escheat.
ESCHEATAGE,The right of succeeding to an escheat. Sherwood.
ESCHEATOR,An officer whose duty it is to observe what escheats have takenplace, and
to take charge of them. Burrill.
ESCHEVIN,The alderman or chief officer of an ancient guild. [Obs.]
ESCHEWER,One who eschews.
ESCHEWMENT,The act of eschewing. [R.]
ESCHSCHOLTZIA,A genus of papaveraceous plants, found in California and uponthe west
coast of North America, some species of which producebeautiful yellow, orange,
rose-colored, or white flowers; theCalifornia poppy.
ESCHYNITE,A rare mineral, containing chiefly niobium, titanium, thorium,and cerium.
It was so called by Berzelius on account of the inabilityof chemical science, at
the time of its discovery, to separate someof its constituents.
ESCOCHEON,Escutcheon. [Obs.]
ESCORIAL,See Escurial.
ESCORT,To attend with a view to guard and protect; to accompany assafeguard; to
give honorable or ceremonious attendance to; -- usedesp. with reference to journeys
or excursions on land; as, to escorta public functionary, or a lady; to escort a
baggage wagon.
ESCOT,See Scot, a tax. [Obs.]
ESCOUADE,See Squad,
ESCOUT,See Scout. [Obs.] Hayward.
ESCRIBED,Drawn outside of; -- used to designate a circle that touchesone of the
sides of a given triangle, and also the other two sidesproduced.
ESCRIPT,A writing. [Obs.]
ESCRITOIRE,A piece of furniture used as a writing table, commonly withdrawers,
pigeonholes, and the like; a secretary or writing desk.
ESCRITORIAL,Of or pertaining to an escritoire.
ESCROD,See Scrod, a young cod.
ESCROW,A deed, bond, or other written engagement, delivered to a thirdperson, to be
held by him till some act is done or some condition isperformed, and then to be by
him delivered to the grantee.Blackstone.
ESCUAGE,Service of the shield, a species of knight service by which atenant was
bound to follow his lord to war, at his own charge. It wasafterward exchanged for a
pecuniary satisfaction. Called alsoscutage. Blackstone.
ESCULAPIAN,Æsculapian.
ESCULAPIUS,Same as Æsculapius.
ESCULENT,Suitable to be used by man for food; eatable; edible; as,esculent plants;
esculent fish.Esculent grain for food. Sir W. Jones.Esculent swallow (Zoöl.), the
swallow which makes the edible bird's-nest. See Edible bird's-nest, under Edible.
ESCULIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the horse-chestnut; as,esculic acid.
ESCULIN,A glucoside obtained from the Æsculus hippocastanum, or horse-chestnut, and
characterized by its fine blue fluorescent solutions.[Written also æsculin.]
ESCURIAL,A palace and mausoleum of the kinds of Spain, being a vast andwonderful
structure about twenty-five miles northwest of Madrid.
ESCUTCHEON,The surface, usually a shield, upon which bearings aremarshaled and
displayed. The surface of the escutcheon is called thefield, the upper part is
called the chief, and the lower part thebase (see Chiff, and Field.). That side of
the escutcheon which is onthe right hand of the knight who bears the shield on his
arm iscalled dexter, and the other side sinister.
ESCUTCHEONED,Having an escutcheon; furnished with a coat of arms or ensign.Young.
ESE,Ease; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ESEMPLASTIC,Shaped into one; tending to, or formative into, unity. [R.]Coleridge.
ESERINE,An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean, and the seed ofPhysostigma
venenosum; physostigmine. It is used in ophthalmicsurgery for its effect in
contracting the pupil.
ESEXUAL,Sexless; asexual.
ESGUARD,Guard. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
ESKIMO,One of a peculiar race inhabiting Arctic America and Greenland.In many
respects the Eskimos resemble the Mongolian race. [Writtenalso Esquimau.] Eskimo
dog (Zoöl.), one of breed of large andpowerful dogs used by the Eskimos to draw
sledges. It closelyresembles the gray wolf, with which it is often crossed.
ESLOIN,To remove; to banish; to withdraw; to avoid; to eloign. [Obs.]From worldly
cares he did himself esloin. Spenser.
ESNECY,A prerogative given to the eldest coparcener to choose firstafter an
inheritance is divide. Mozley & W.
ESODIC,Conveying impressions from the surface of the body to thespinal cord; --
said of certain nerves. Opposed to exodic.
ESOPHAGAL,Esophageal.
ESOPHAGEAL,Pertaining to the esophagus. [Written also .]
ESOPHAGEAN,Esophageal.
ESOPHAGOTOMY,The operation of making an incision into the esophagus, for thepurpose
of removing any foreign substance that obstructs the passage.[Written also
oesophagotomy.]
ESOPHAGUS,That part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and thestomach; the
gullet. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus, underDigestive. [Written also .]
ESOTERIC,Designed for, and understood by, the specially initiated alone;not
communicated, or not intelligible, to the general body offollowers; private;
interior; acroamatic; -- said of the private andmore recondite instructions and
doctrines of philosophers. Opposed toexoteric.Enough if every age produce two or
three critics of this esotericclass, with here and there a reader to understand
them. De Quincey.
ESOTERICAL,Esoteric.
ESOTERICALLY,In an esoteric manner.
ESOTERICISM,Esoteric doctrine or principles.
ESOTERICS,Mysterious or hidden doctrines; secret science.
ESOTERY,Mystery; esoterics; -- opposed to exotery. A. Tucker.
ESOX,A genus of fresh-water fishes, including pike and pickerel.
ESPACE,Space. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ESPADON,A long, heavy, two-handed and two-edged sword, formerly used bySpanish foot
soldiers and by executioners. Wilhelm.
ESPALIER,A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs aretrained, as upon
a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained.And figs from standard and espalier join.
Pope.
ESPARCET,The common sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa), an Old Worldleguminous forage
plant.
ESPARTO,A species of Spanish grass (Macrochloa tenacissima), of whichcordage,
shoes, baskets, etc., are made. It is also used for makingpaper.
ESPAULIERE,A defense for the shoulder, composed of flexible overlappingplates of
metal, used in the 15th century; -- the origin of themodern epaulette. Fairholt.
ESPECIAL,Distinguished among others of the same class or kind; special;concerning a
species or a single object; principal; particular; as,in an especial manner or
degree.
ESPECIALLY,In an especial manner; chiefly; particularly; peculiarly; in anuncommon
degree.
ESPECIALNESS,The state of being especial.
ESPERANCE,Hope. [Obs.] Shak.
ESPERANTO,An artificial language, intended to be universal, devised byDr. Zamenhof,
a Russian, who adopted the pseudonym "Dr. Esperanto" inpublishing his first
pamphlet regarding it in 1887. The vocabulary isvery largely based upon words
common to the chief European languages,and sounds peculiar to any one language are
eliminated. The spellingis phonetic, and the accent (stress) is always on the
penult. --Es`pe*ran"tist (#), n.
ESPIAILLE,Espial. [Obs.]
ESPIER,One who espies. Harmar.
ESPINEL,A kind of ruby. See Spinel.
ESPIONAGE,The practice or employment of spies; the practice of watchingthe words
and conduct of others, to make discoveries, as spies orsecret emissaries; secret
watching.
ESPLANADE,A grass plat; a lawn. Simmonds.
ESPLEES,The full profits or products which ground or land yields, asthe hay of the
meadows, the feed of the pasture, the grain of arablefields, the rents, services,
and the like. Cowell.
ESPOUSAGE,Espousal. [Obs.] Latimer.
ESPOUSEMENT,The act of espousing, or the state of being espoused.
ESPOUSER,One who espouses; one who embraces the cause of another ormakes it his
own.
ESPRESSIVO,With expression.
ESPRINGAL,An engine of war used for throwing viretons, large stones, andother
missiles; a springal.
ESPRIT,Spirit. Esprit de corps (, a French phrase much used by Englishwriters to
denote the common spirit pervading the members of a bodyor association of persons.
It implies sympathy, enthusiasm, devotion,and jealous regard for the honor of the
body as a whole.
ESPY,To look or search narrowly; to look about; to watch; to takenotice; to
spy.Stand by the way, and espy. Jer. xlviii. 19.
ESQUIMAU,Same as Eskimo.It is . . . an error to suppose that where an Esquimau can
live, acivilized man can live also. McClintock.
ESQUIRE,Originally, a shield-bearer or armor-bearer, an attendant on aknight; in
modern times, a title of dignity next in degree belowknight and above gentleman;
also, a title of office and courtesy; --often shortened to squire.
ESQUISSE,The first sketch of a picture or model of a statue.
ESSAY,A composition treating of any particular subject; -- usuallyshorter and less
methodical than a formal, finished treatise; as, anessay on the life and writings
of Homer; an essay on fossils, or oncommerce.
ESSAYER,One who essays. Addison.
ESSAYIST,A writer of an essay, or of essays. B. Jonson.
ESSENCE,To perfume; to scent. "Essenced fops." Addison.
ESSENE,One of a sect among the Jews in the time of our Savior,remarkable for their
strictness and abstinence.
ESSENISM,The doctrine or the practices of the Essenes. De Quincey.
ESSENTIAL,Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones whichconstitute a chord,
in distinction from ornamental or passing tones.
ESSENTIALITY,The quality of being essential; the essential part. Jer.Taylor.
ESSENTIALLY,In an essential manner or degree; in an indispensable degree;really;
as, essentially different.
ESSENTIALNESS,Essentiality. Ld. Digby.
ESSENTIATE,To form or constitute the essence or being of. [Obs.] Boyle.
ESSOIN,To excuse for nonappearance in court. "I 'll not essoin thee."Quarles.
ESSOINER,An attorney who sufficiently excuses the absence of another.
ESSONITE,Cinnamon stone, a variety of garnet. See Garnet.
ESSORANT,Standing, but with the wings spread, as if about to fly; --said of a bird
borne as a charge on an escutcheon.
EST,East. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ESTABLISHED SUIT,A plain suit in which a player (or side) could, except
fortrumping, take tricks with all his remaining cards.
ESTABLISHER,One who establishes.
ESTABLISHMENTARIAN,One who regards the Church primarily as an establishment
formedby the State, and overlooks its intrinsic spiritual character.Shipley.
ESTACADE,A dike of piles in the sea, a river, etc., to check theapproach of an
enemy.
ESTAMINET,A café, or room in a café, in which smoking is allowed.
ESTANCIA,A grazing; a country house. [Spanish America]
ESTATE,The great classes or orders of a community or state (as theclergy, the
nobility, and the commonalty of England) or theirrepresentatives who administer the
government; as, the estates of therealm (England), which are (1) the lords
spiritual, (2) the lordstemporal, (3) the commons.
ESTEEM,To form an estimate; to have regard to the value; to consider.[Obs.]We
ourselves esteem not of that obedience, or love, or gift, which isof force. Milton.
ESTEEMABLE,Worthy of esteem; estimable. [R.] "Esteemable qualities." Pope.
ESTEEMER,One who esteems; one who sets a high value on any thing.The proudest
esteemer of his own parts. Locke.
ESTER,An ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organicradical united
with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic orinorganic; thus the natural fats are
esters of glycerin and the fattyacids, oleic, etc.
ESTHESIOMETER,Same as Æsthesiometer.
ESTIFEROUS,Producing heat. [R.] Smart.
ESTIMABLE,A thing worthy of regard. [R.]One of the peculiar estimables of her
country. Sir T. Browne.
ESTIMABLENESS,The quality of deserving esteem or regard.
ESTIMABLY,In an estimable manner.
ESTIMATE,A valuing or rating by the mind, without actually measuring,weighing, or
the like; rough or approximate calculation; as, anestimate of the cost of a
building, or of the quantity of water in apond.Weigh success in a moral balance,
and our whole estimate is changed.J. C. Shairp.
ESTIMATOR,One who estimates or values; a valuer. Jer. Taylor.
ESTOILE,A six-pointed star whose rays are wavy, instead of straightlike those of a
mullet. [Written also étoile.] Estoile of eightpoints, a star which has four
straight and four wavy rays.-- Estoile of four points. Same as Cross estoilé, under
Cross.
ESTOP,To impede or bar by estoppel.A party will be estopped by his admissions,
where his intent is toinfluence another, or derive an advantage to himself. Abbott.
ESTOVERS,Necessaries or supples; an allowance to a person out of anestate or other
thing for support; as of wood to a tenant for life,etc., of sustenance to a man
confined for felony of his estate, oralimony to a woman divorced out of her
husband's estate. Blackstone.Common of estovers. See under Common, n.
ESTRADE,A portion of the floor of a room raised above the generallevel, as a place
for a bed or a throne; a platform; a dais.He [the teacher] himself should have his
desk on a mounted estrade orplatform. J. G. Fitch.
ESTRANGEDNESS,State of being estranged; estrangement. Prynne.
ESTRANGEMENT,The act of estranging, or the state of being estranged;alienation.An
estrangement from God. J. C. Shairp.A long estrangement from better things. South.
ESTRANGER,One who estranges.
ESTRANGLE,To strangle. [Obs.]
ESTRAPADE,The action of a horse, when, to get rid of his rider, he rears,plunges,
and kicks furiously.
ESTRAY,To stray. [Obs.] Daniel.
ESTRE,The inward part of a building; the interior. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ESTREAT,A true copy, duplicate, or extract of an original writing orrecord, esp. of
amercements or penalties set down in the rolls ofcourt to be levied by the bailiff,
or other officer. Cowell. Estreatof a recognizance, the extracting or taking out a
forfeitedrecognizance from among the other records of the court, for thepurpose of
a prosecution in another court, or it may be in the samecourt. Burrill.
ESTREPE,To strip or lay bare, as land of wood, houses, etc.; to commitwaste.
ESTREPEMENT,A destructive kind of waste, committed by a tenant for life, inlands,
woods, or houses. Cowell.
ESTRICH,The down of the ostrich. Brande & C.
ESTUANCE,Heat. [Obs.]
ESTUARINE,Pertaining to an estuary; estuary.
ESTUARY,Belonging to, or formed in, an estuary; as, estuary strata.Lyell.
ESTUATE,To boil up; to swell and rage; to be agitated. Bacon.
ESTUATION,The act of estuating; commotion, as of a fluid; agitation.The estuations
of joys and fears. W. Montagu.
ESTUFA,An assembly room in dwelling of the Pueblo Indians. L. H.Morgan.
ESTURE,Commotion. [Obs.] Chapman.
ESURIENT,Inclined to eat; hungry; voracious. [R.] Bailey. "Poor, butesurient."
Carlyle.
ESURINE,Causing hunger; eating; corroding. [Obs.] Wiseman.
ETAAC,The blue buck.
ETACISM,The pronunciation of the Greek ê (eta) like the Italian e long,that is like
a in the English word ate. See Itacism.
ETACIST,One who favors etacism.
ETAGERE,A piece of furniture having a number of uninclosed shelves orstages, one
above another, for receiving articles of elegance or use.Fairholt.
ETAMINE,A light textile fabric, like a fine bunting.
ETAPE,A public storehouse.
ETAT MAJOR,The staff of an army, including all officers above the rank ofcolonel,
also, all adjutants, inspectors, quartermasters,commissaries, engineers, ordnance
officers, paymasters, physicians,signal officers, judge advocates; also, the
noncommissionedassistants of the above officers.
ETCH,A variant of Eddish. [Obs.] Mortimer.
ETCHER,One who etches.
ETEOSTIC,A kind of chronogram. [R.] B. Jonson.
ETERMINABLE,Interminable. [Obs.] Skelton.
ETERNALIST,One who holds the existence of matter to be from eternity. T.Burnet.
ETERNALIZE,To make eternal. Shelton.
ETERNALLY,In an eternal manner.That which is morally good or evil at any time or in
any case, mustbe also eternally and unchangeably so. South.Where western gales
eternally reside. Addison.
ETERNE,See Etern.
ETERNIFY,To make eternal. [Obs.]Fame . . . eternifies the name. Mir. for Mag.
ETERNIZATION,The act of eternizing; the act of rendering immortal or famous.
ETESIAN,Periodical; annual; -- applied to winds which annually blowfrom the north
over the Mediterranean, esp. the eastern part, for anirregular period during July
and August.
ETHAL,A white waxy solid, C16H33.OH; -- called also cetylic alcohol.See Cetylic
alcohol, under Cetylic.
ETHANE,A gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H6, forming a constituent of ordinaryilluminating
gas. It is the second member of the paraffin series, andits most important
derivatives are common alcohol, aldehyde, ether,and acetic acid. Called also
dimethyl.
ETHE,Easy. [Obs.] Spenser.
ETHEL,Noble. [Obs.]
ETHENE,Ethylene; olefiant gas.
ETHENIC,Pertaining to, derived from. or resembling, ethene or ethylene;as, ethenic
ether.
ETHEOSTOMOID,Pertaining to, or like, the genus Etheostoma.-- n.
ETHER,A medium of great elasticity and extreme tenuity, supposed topervade all
space, the interior of solid bodies not excepted, and tobe the medium of
transmission of light and heat; hence often calledluminiferous ether.
ETHEREAL,Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, ether; as, etherealsalts.
Ethereal oil. (Chem.) See Essential oil, under Essential.-- Ethereal oil of wine
(Chem.), a heavy, yellow, oily liquidconsisting essentially of etherin, etherol,
and ethyl sulphate. It isthe oily residuum left after etherification. Called also
heavy oil ofwine (distinguished from oil of wine, or oenanthic ether).-- Ethereal
salt (Chem.), a salt of some organic radical as a base;an ester.
ETHEREALISM,Ethereality.
ETHEREALITY,The state of being ethereal; etherealness.Something of that ethereality
of thought and manner which belonged toWordsworth's earlier lyrics. J. C. Shairp.
ETHEREALIZATION,An ethereal or spiritlike state. J. H. Stirling.
ETHEREALLY,In an ethereal manner.
ETHEREALNESS,Ethereality.
ETHEREOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, either. Ethereous oil. SeeEthereal oil,
under Ethereal.
ETHERIFICATION,The act or process of making ether; specifically, the processby
which a large quantity of alcohol is transformed into ether by theagency of a small
amount of sulphuric, or ethyl sulphuric, acid.
ETHERIFORM,Having the form of ether.
ETHERIN,A white, crystalline hydrocarbon, regarded as a polymericvariety of
ethylene, obtained in heavy oil of wine, the residue leftafter making ether; --
formerly called also concrete oil of wine.
ETHEROL,An oily hydrocarbon regarded as a polymeric variety ofethylene, produced
with etherin.
ETHICALLY,According to, in harmony with, moral principles or character.
ETHICIST,One who is versed in ethics, or has written on ethics.
ETHICS,The science of human duty; the body of rules of duty drawn fromthis science;
a particular system of principles and rules concertingduty, whether true or false;
rules of practice in respect to a singleclass of human actions; as, political or
social ethics; medicalethics.The completeness and consistency of its morality is
the peculiarpraise of the ethics which the Bible has taught. I. Taylor.
ETHIDE,Any compound of ethyl of a binary type; as, potassium ethide.
ETHIDENE,Ethylidene. [Obs.]
ETHINE,Acetylene.
ETHIONIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid so called.Ethionic
acid (Chem.), a liquid derivative of ethylsulphuric andsulphuric (thionic) acids,
obtained by the action of sulphur trioxideon absolute alcohol.
ETHIOPIC,The language of ancient Ethiopia; the language of the ancientAbyssinian
empire (in Ethiopia), now used only in the Abyssinianchurch. It is of Semitic
origin, and is also called Geez.
ETHIOPS,A black substance; -- formerly applied to various preparationsof a black or
very dark color. [Written also Æthiops.] [Obs.] Ethiopsmartial (Old Chem.), black
oxide of iron.-- Ethiops mineral (Old Chem.), black sulphide of mercury, obtainedby
triturating mercury with sulphur.-- Ethiops per se (Old Chem.), mercury in finely
divided state,having the appearance of a dark powder, obtained by shaking it up
orby exposure to the air.
ETHMOID,The ethmoid bone.
ETHMOTRUBINAL,See Turbinal.-- n.
ETHMOVOMERINE,Pertaining to the region of the vomer and the base of theethmoid in
the skull. Ethmovomerine plate (Anat.), a cartilaginousplate beneath the front of
the fetal brain which the ethmoid regionof the skull is developed.
ETHNARCH,The governor of a province or people. Lew Wallace.
ETHNARCHY,The dominion of an ethnarch; principality and rule. Wright.
ETHNIC,A heathen; a pagan. [Obs.]No better reported than impure ethnic and lay
dogs. Milton.
ETHNICALLY,In an ethnical manner.
ETHNICISM,Heathenism; paganism; idolatry. [Obs.] "Taint of ethnicism." B.Jonson.
ETHNOGRAPHER,One who investigates ethnography.
ETHNOGRAPHICALLY,In an ethnographical manner.
ETHNOGRAPHY,That branch of knowledge which has for its subject thecharacteristics
of the human family, developing the details withwhich ethnology as a comparative
science deals; descriptiveethnology. See Ethnology.
ETHNOLOGICALLY,In an ethnological manner; by ethnological classification; as,one
belonging ethnologically to an African race.
ETHNOLOGIST,One versed in ethnology; a student of ethnology.
ETHNOLOGY,The science which treats of the division of mankind into races,their
origin, distribution, and relations, and the peculiaritieswhich characterize them.
ETHOLOGIST,One who studies or writes upon ethology.
ETHOPOETIC,Expressing character. [Obs.] Urquhart.
ETHOS,The character, sentiment, or disposition of a community orpeople, considered
as a natural endowment; the spirit which actuatesmanners and customs; also, the
characteristic tone or genius of aninstitution or social organization.
ETHULE,Ethyl. [Obs.]
ETHYL,A monatomic, hydrocarbon radical, C2H5 of the paraffin series,forming the
essential radical of ethane, and of common alcohol andether. Ethyl aldehyde.
(Chem.) See Aldehyde.
ETHYLAMINE,A colorless, mobile, inflammable liquid, C2H5.NH2, veryvolatile and with
an ammoniacal odor. It is a strong base, and is aderivative of ammonia. Called also
ethyl carbamine, and amido ethane.
ETHYLATE,A compound derived from ethyl alcohol by the replacement of thehydroxyl
hydrogen, after the manner of a hydrate; an ethylalcoholate; as, potassium
ethylate, C2H5.O.K.
ETHYLENE,A colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H4, forming an importantingredient of
illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action ofconcentrated sulphuric acid in
alcohol. It is an unsaturated compoundand combines directly with chlorine and
bromine to form oily liquids(Dutch liquid), -- hence called olefiant gas. Called
also ethene,elayl, and formerly, bicarbureted hydrogen. Ethylene series (Chem.),the
series if unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is the type,and represented by
the general formula CnH2n.
ETHYLIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, ethyl; as, ethylicalcohol.
ETHYLIDENE,An unsymmetrical, divalent, hydrocarbon radical, C2H4 metamericwith
ethylene but written thus, CH3.CH to distinguish it from thesymmetrical ethylene,
CH2.CH2. Its compounds are derived fromaldehyde. Formerly called also ethidene.
ETHYLIN,Any one of the several complex ethers of ethyl and glycerin.
ETHYLSULPHURIC,Pertaining to, or containing, ethyl and sulphuric
acid.Ethylsulphuric acid (Chem.), an acid sulphate of ethyl, H.C2H5.SO4,produced as
a thick liquid by the action of sulphiric acid onalcohol. It appears to be the
active catalytic agent in the processof etherification.
ETIOLATE,To become pale through disease or absence of light.
ETIOLATION,Paleness produced by absence of light, or by disease.Dunglison.
ETIOLIN,A yellowish coloring matter found in plants grown in darkness,which is
supposed to be an antecedent condition of chlorophyll.Encyc. Brit.
ETIOLOGICAL,Pertaining to, or inquiring into, causes; ætiological.
ETIOLOGY,The science of causes. Same as tiology.
ETIQUETTE,The forms required by good breeding, or prescribed byauthority, to be
observed in social or official life; observance ofthe proprieties of rank and
occasion; conventional decorum;ceremonial code of polite society.The pompous
etiquette to the court of Louis the Fourteenth. Prescott.
ETNA,A kind of small, portable, cooking apparatus for which heat isfurnished by a
spirit lamp.There should certainly be an etna for getting a hot cup of coffee ina
hurry. V. Baker.
ETNEAN,Pertaining to Etna, a volcanic mountain in Sicily.
ETOILE,See Estoile.
ETRURIAN,Of or relating to ancient Etruria, in Italy. "Etrurian Shades."Milton, --
n.
ETRUSCAN,Of or relating to Etruria.-- n.
ETTER PIKE,The stingfish, or lesser weever (Tranchinus vipera).
ETTIN,A giant. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.
ETTLE,To earn. [Obs.] See Addle, to earn. Boucher.
ETUDE,A study; an exercise; a piece for practice of some specialpoint of technical
execution.
ETUI,A case for one several small articles; esp., a box in whichscissors, tweezers,
and other articles of toilet or of daily use arecarried.
ETWEE,See . Shenstone.
ETYM,See Etymon. H. F. Talbot.
ETYMIC,Relating to the etymon; as, an etymic word.
ETYMOLOGER,An etymologist.
ETYMOLOGICAL,Pertaining to etymology, or the derivation of words.--
Et`y*mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
ETYMOLOGICON,an etymological dictionary or manual.
ETYMOLOGIST,One who investigates the derivation of words.
ETYMOLOGIZE,To give the etymology of; to trace to the root or primitive, asa word.
Camden
ETYMON,1. An original form; primitive word; root.
ETYPICAL,Diverging from, or lacking conformity to, a type.
EU,A prefix used frequently in composition, signifying well, good,advantageous; --
the opposite of dys-.
EUCAIRITE,A metallic mineral, a selenide of copper and silver; -- socalled by
Berzelius on account of its being found soon after thediscovery of the metal
selenium.
EUCALYN,An unfermentable sugar, obtained as an uncrystallizable sirupby the
decomposition of melitose; also obtained from a Tasmanianeucalyptus, -- whence its
name.
EUCALYPTOL,A volatile, terpenelike oil extracted from the eucalyptus, andconsisting
largely of cymene.
EUCALYPTUS,A myrtaceous genus of trees, mostly Australian. Many of themgrow to an
immense height, one or two species exceeding the heighteven of the California
Sequoia.
EUCHARIS,A genus of South American amaryllidaceous plants with large andbeautiful
white blossoms.
EUCHARIST,The sacrament of the Lord's Supper; the solemn act of ceremonyof
commemorating the death of Christ, in the use of bread and wine,as the appointed
emblems; the communion.-- See Sacrament.
EUCHITE,One who resolves religion into prayer. [Obs.] Gauden.
EUCHLORIC,Relating to, or consisting of, euchlorine; as, euchloric .Davy.
EUCHLORINE,A yellow or greenish yellow gas, first prepared by Davy,evolved from
potassium chlorate and hydrochloric acid. It is supposedto consist of chlorine
tetroxide with some free chlorine.
EUCHOLOGUE,Euchology. [R.]
EUCHRE,A game at cards, that may be played by two, three, or fourpersons, the
highest card (except when an extra card called the Jokeris used) being the knave of
the same suit as the trump, and calledright bower, the lowest card used being the
seven, or frequently, intwo-handed euchre, the nine spot. See Bower.
EUCHROIC,Having a fine color. Euchroic acid (Chem.), an organic, imideacid,
obtained as a colorless crystalline substance, C12H4N2O8 byheating an ammonium salt
of mellitic acid. By reduction it is changedto a dark blue substance (euchrone), --
hence its name.
EUCHROITE,A mineral occurring in transparent emerald green crystals. Itis hydrous
arseniate of copper.
EUCHRONE,A substance obtained from euchroic acid. See Eychroic.
EUCHYMY,A good state of he blood and other fluids of the body.
EUCLASE,A brittle gem occurring in light green, transparent crystals,affording a
brilliant clinodiagonal cleavage. It is a silicate ofalumina and glucina.
EUCLID,A Greek geometer of the 3d century
EUCLIDIAN,Related to Euclid, or to the geometry of Euclid. Euclidianspace (Geom.),
the kind of space to which the axioms and definitionsof Euclid, relative to
straight lines and parallel lines, apply; --called also flat space, and homaloidal
space.
EUCOPEPODA,A group which includes the typical copepods and the lerneans.
EUCRASY,Such a due mixture of qualities in bodies as constitutes healthor
soundness. Quincy.
EUCTICAL,Expecting a wish; supplicatory. [R.]Sacrifices . . . distinguished into
expiatory, euctical, andeucharistical. Bp. Law.
EUDIALYTE,A mineral of a brownish red color and vitreous luster,consisting chiefly
of the silicates of iron, zirconia, and lime.
EUDIOMETER,An instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- sonamed
because frequently used to determine the purity of the air.
EUDIOMETRY,The art or process of determining he constituents of a gaseousmixture by
means of the eudiometer, or for ascertaining the purity ofthe air or the amount of
oxygen in it.
EUDIPLEURA,The fundamental forms of organic life, that are composed of twoequal and
symmetrical halves. Syd. Soc. Lex.
EUDOXIAN,A follower of Eudoxius, patriarch of Antioch and Constantinoplein the 4th
century, and a celebrated defender of the doctrines ofArius.
EUGANOIDEI,A group which includes the bony ganoids, as the gar pikes.
EUGE,Applause. [Obs.] Hammond.
EUGENESIS,The quality or condition of having strong reproductive powers;generation
with full fertility between different species or races,specif. between hybrids of
the first generation.
EUGENIA,A genus of mytraceous plants, mostly of tropical countries, andincluding
several aromatic trees and shrubs, among which are thetrees which produce allspice
and cloves of commerce.
EUGENIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, cloves; as, eugenic acid.
EUGENICS,The science of improving stock, whether human or animal. F.Galton.
EUGENIN,A colorless, crystalline substance extracted from oil ofcloves; -- called
also clove camphor.
EUGENOL,A colorless, aromatic, liquid hydrocarbon, C10H12O2 resemblingthe phenols,
and hence also called eugenic acid. It is found in theoils of pimento and cloves.
EUGENY,Nobleness of birth. [Obs.]
EUGH,The yew. [Obs.] Dryden.
EUHARMONIC,Producing mathematically perfect harmony or concord; sweetly orperfectly
harmonious.
EUHEMERISM,The theory, held by Euhemerus, that the gods of mythology werebut
deified mortals, and their deeds only the amplification inimagination of human
acts.
EUHEMERIST,One who advocates euhemerism.
EUHEMERISTIC,Of or pertaining to euhemerism.
EUHEMERIZE,To interpret (mythology) on the theory of euhemerism.
EUISOPODA,A group which includes the typical Isopoda.
EULACHON,The candlefish. [Written also oulachan, oolacan, and ulikon.]See
Candlefish.
EULERIAN,Pertaining Euler, a German mathematician of the 18th century.Eulerian
integrals, certain definite integrals whose properties werefirst investigated by
Euler.
EULOGIST,One who eulogizes or praises; panegyrist; encomiast. Buckle.
EULOGIUM,A formal eulogy. Smollett.
EULOGIZE,To speak or write in commendation of (another); to extol inspeech or
writing; to praise.
EULOGY,A speech or writing in commendation of the character orservices of a person;
as, a fitting eulogy to worth.Eulogies turn into elegies. Spenser.
EULYTITE,a mineral, consisting chiefly of the silicate of bismuth, foundat
Freiberg; -- called also culytine.
EUMENIDES,A euphemistic name for the Furies of Erinyes.
EUMOLPUS,A genus of small beetles, one species of which (E. viti) isvery injurious
to the vines in the wine countries of Europe.
EUNOMIAN,A follower of Eunomius, bishop of Cyzicus (4th century A. D.),who held
that Christ was not God but a created being, having a naturedifferent from that of
the Father.-- a.
EUNOMY,Equal law, or a well-adjusted constitution of government. [R.]Mitford.
EUNUCH,A male of the human species castrated; commonly, one of a classof such
persons, in Oriental countries, having charge of the women'sapartments. Some of
them, in former times, gained high official rank.
EUNUCHISM,The state of being eunuch. Bp. Hall.
EUONYMIN,A principle or mixture of principles derived from Euonymusatropurpureus,
or spindle tree.
EUONYMUS,A genus of small European and American trees; the spindle tree.The bark is
used as a cathartic.
EUORNITHES,The division of Aves which includes all the typical birds, orall living
birds except the penguins and birds of ostrichlike form.
EUOSMITTE,A fossil resin, so called from its strong, peculiar, pleasantodor.
EUPATHY,Right feeling. [R.] Harris.
EUPATORIUM,A genus of perennial, composite herbs including hemp agrimony,boneset,
throughwort, etc.
EUPATRID,One well born, or of noble birth.
EUPEPTIC,Of or pertaining to good digestion; easy of digestion; having agood
digestion; as, eupeptic food; an eupeptic man.Wrapt in lazy eupeptic fat. Carlyle.
EUPHEMISM,A figure in which a harts or indelicate word or expression issoftened; a
way of describing an offensive thing by an inoffensiveexpression; a mild name for
something disagreeable.
EUPHEMIZE,To express by a euphemism, or in delicate language; to make useof
euphemistic expressions.
EUPHONIAD,An instrument in which are combined the characteristic tones ofthe organ
and various other instruments. [R.]
EUPHONICON,A kind of uptight piano.
EUPHONIOUS,Pleasing or sweet in sound; euphonic; smooth-sounding. Hallam.--
Eu*pho"ni*ous*ly, adv.
EUPHONISM,An agreeable combination of sounds; euphony.
EUPHONIUM,A bass instrument of the saxhorn family.
EUPHONIZE,To make euphonic. [R.]
EUPHONON,An instrument resembling the organ in tine and the uprightpiano in form.
It is characterized by great strength and sweetness oftone.
EUPHONOUS,Euphonious. [R.]
EUPHONY,A pleasing or sweet sound; an easy, smooth enunciation ofsounds; a
pronunciation of letters and syllables which is pleasing tothe ear.
EUPHORBIA,Spurge, or bastard spurge, a genus of plants of many species,mostly
shrubby, herbaceous succulents, affording an acrid, milkyjuice. Some of them are
armed with thorns. Most of them yieldpowerful emetic and cathartic products.
EUPHORBIUM,An inodorous exudation, usually in the form of yellow tears,produced
chiefly by the African Euphorbia resinifrea. It was formerlyemployed medicinally,
but was found so violent in its effects thatits use is nearly abandoned.
EUPHOTIDE,A rock occurring in the Alps, consisting of saussurite andsmaragdite; --
sometimes called gabbro.
EUPHRASY,The plant eyesight (euphrasia officionalis), formerly regardedas
beneficial in disorders of the eyes.Then purged with euphrasy and rue The visual
nerve, for he had muchto see. Milton.
EUPHROE,A block or long slat of wood, perforated for the passage of thecrowfoot, or
cords by which an awning is held up. [Written alsouphroe and uvrou.] Knight.
EUPHUISM,An affectation of excessive elegance and refinement oflanguage; high-flown
diction.
EUPHUIST,One who affects excessive refinement and elegance of language;-- applied
esp. to a class of writers, in the age of Elizabeth, whoseproductions are marked by
affected conceits and high-flown diction.
EUPHUISTIC,Belonging to the euphuists, or euphuism; affectedly refined.
EUPHUIZE,To affect excessive refinement in language; to be overnice inexpression.
EUPIONE,A limpid, oily liquid obtained by the destructive distillationof various
vegetable and animal substances; -- specifically, an oilconsisting largely of the
higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin series.[Written also eupion.]
EUPITTONE,A yellow, crystalline substance, resembling aurin, and obtainedby the
oxidation of pittacal; -- called also eupittonic acid.[Written also eupitton.]
EUPITTONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, eupittone.
EUPLASTIC,Having the capacity of becoming organizable in a high degree,as the
matter forming the false membranes which sometimes result fromacute inflammation in
a healthy person. Dunglison.
EUPLECTELLA,A genus of elegant, glassy sponges, consisting of interwovensiliceous
fibers, and growing in the form of a cornucopia; -- calledalso Venus's flower-
basket.
EUPLEXOPTERA,An order of insects, including the earwig. The anterior wingsare
short, in the form of elytra, while the posterior wings fold upbeneath them. See
Earwig.
EUPNAEA,Normal breathing where arterialization of the blood is normal,in
distinction from dyspnæa, in which the blood is insufficientlyarterialized. Foster.
EURASIAN,Of European and Asiatic descent; of or pertaining to bothEurope and Asia;
as, the great Eurasian plain.
EURASIATIO,Of or pertaining to the continents of Europe and Asia combined.
EUREKA,The exclamation attributed to Archimedes, who is said to havecried out
"Eureka! eureka!" (I have found it! I have found it!), uponsuddenly discovering a
method of finding out how much the gold ofKing Hiero's crown had been alloyed.
Hence, an expression of triumphconcerning a discovery.
EURHIPIDUROUS,Having a fanlike tail; belonging to the Eurhipiduræ, a divisionof
Aves which includes all living birds.
EURIPIZE,To whirl hither and thither. [Obs.]
EURIPUS,A strait; a narrow tract of water, where the tide, or acurrent, flows and
reflows with violence, as the ancient fright ofthis name between Eubæa and Bæotia.
Hence, a flux and reflux. Burke.
EURITE,A compact feldspathic rock; felsite. See Felsite.
EURITIC,Of or pelating to eurite.
EUROCLYDON,A tempestuous northeast wind which blows in the Mediterranean.See
Levanter.A tempestuous wind called Euroclydon. Acts xxvii. 14.
EUROPEAN,Of or pertaining to Europe, or to its inhabitants. On theEuropean plain,
having rooms to let, and leaving it optional withguests whether they will take
meals in the house; -- said of hotels.[U. S.]
EUROPEANIZE,To cause to become like the Europeans in manners or character;to
habituate or accustom to European usages.A state of society . . . changed and
Europenized. Lubbock.
EUROPIUM,A metallic element of the rare-earth group, discoveredspectroscopically by
Demarcay in 1896. Symbol, Eu; at. wt., 152.0.
EURUS,The east wind.
EURYALE,A genus of water lilies, growing in India and China. The onlyspecies (E.
ferox) is very prickly on the peduncles and calyx. Therootstocks and seeds are used
as food.
EURYALIDA,A tribe of Ophiuroidea, including the genera Euryale,Astrophyton, etc.
They generally have the arms branched. SeeAstrophyton.
EURYCEROUS,Having broad horns.
EURYPTEROID,Like, or pertaining to, the genus Euryperus.
EURYPTEROIDEA,An extinct order of Merostomata, of which the genus Eurypterusis the
type. They are found only in Paleozoic rocks. [Written alsoEurypterida.]
EURYPTERUS,A genus of extinct Merostomata, found in Silurian rocks. Someof the
species are more than three feet long.
EURYTHMY,Just or harmonious proportion or movement, as in thecomposition of a poem,
an edifice, a painting, or a statue.
EUSEBIAN,A follower of Eusebius, bishop of Cæsarea, who was a friend andprotector
of Arius.
EUSTYLE,See Intercolumnlation.
EUTAXY,Good or established order or arrangement. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
EUTECTIC,Of maximum fusibility; -- said of an alloy or mixture which hasthe lowest
melting point which it is possible to obtain by thecombination of the given
components.
EUTERPE,The Muse who presided over music.
EUTERPEAN,Of or pertaining to Euterpe or to music.
EUTEXIA,The principle or process of forming from given components theeutectic
alloy, or alloy of maximum fusibility.
EUTHANASIA,An easy death; a mode of dying to be desired. "An euthanasia ofall
thought." Hazlitt.The kindest wish of my friends is euthanasia. Arbuthnot.
EUTHANASY,Same as Euthanasia.
EUTHIOCHROIC,Pertaining to, or denoting, an acid so called. Euthiochroicacid
(Chem.), a complex derivative of hydroquinone and sulphonic(thionic) acid.-- so
called because it contains sulphur, and forms brilliantlycolored (yellow) salts.
EUTHYNEURA,A large division of gastropod molluske, including thePulmonifera and
Opisthobranchiata.
EUTROPHY,Healthy nutrition; soundless as regards the nutritivefunctions.
EUTYCHIAN,A follower of Eutyches [5th century], who held that the divineand the
human in the person of Christ were blended together as toconstitute but one nature;
a monophysite; -- opposed to Nestorian.
EUTYCHIANISM,The doctrine of Eutyches and his followers.
EUXANTHIC,Having a yellow color; pertaining to, derived from, orresembling,
euxanthin. Euxanthic acid (Chem.), a yellow, crystalline,organic acid, extracted
from euxanthin.
EUXANTHIN,A yellow pigment imported from India and China. It has a strongodor, and
is said to be obtained from the urine of herbivorousanimals when fed on the mango.
It consists if a magnesium salt ofeuxanthic acid. Called also puri, purree, and
Indian yellow.
EUXENITE,A brownish black mineral with a metallic luster, found inNorway. It
contains niobium, titanium, yttrium, and uranium, withsome other metals.
EVACATE,To empty. [Obs.] Harvey.
EVACUANT,Emptying; evacuative; purgative; cathartic.-- n. (Med.)
EVACUATE,To let blood [Obs.] Burton.
EVACUATIVE,Serving of tending to evacuate; cathartic; purgative.
EVACUATOR,One who evacuates; a nullifier. "Evacuators of the law."Hammond.
EVACUATORY,A purgative.
EVADE,To get away from by artifice; to avoid by dexterity,subterfuge, address, or
ingenuity; to elude; to escape from cleverly;as, to evade a blow, a pursuer, a
punishment; to evade the force ofan argument.The heathen had a method, more truly
their own, of evading theChristian miracles. Trench.
EVADIBLE,Capable of being evaded. [R.]
EVAGATION,A wandering about; excursion; a roving. [R.] Ray.
EVAGINATE,Protruded, or grown out, as an evagination; turned inside out;unsheathed;
evaginated; as, an evaginate membrane.
EVAGINATION,The act of unsheathing.
EVAL,Relating to time or duration. [Obs.]
EVALUATE,To fix the value of; to rate; to appraise.
EVALUATION,Valuation; appraisement. J. S. Mill.
EVANESCE,To vanish away; to because dissipated and disappear, likevapor.I believe
him to have evanesced or evaporated. De Quincey.
EVANESCENCE,The act or state of vanishing away; disappearance; as, theevanescence
of vapor, of a dream, of earthly plants or hopes.Rambler.
EVANESCENTLY,; imperceptibly. Chalmers.
EVANGEL,Good news; announcement of glad tidings; especially, thegospel, or a
gospel. Milton.Her funeral anthem is a glad evangel. Whittier.
EVANGELIAN,Rendering thanks for favors.
EVANGELIC,Belonging to, or contained in, the gospel; evangelical."Evangelic truth."
J. Foster.
EVANGELICAL,One of evangelical principles.
EVANGELICALISM,Adherence to evangelical doctrines; evangelism. G. Eliot.
EVANGELICALLY,In an evangelical manner.
EVANGELICALNESS,State of being evangelical.
EVANGELICISM,Evangelical principles; evangelism.
EVANGELICITY,Evangelicism.
EVANGELISM,The preaching or promulgation of the gospel. Bacon.
EVANGELIST,A bringer of the glad tidings of Church and his doctrines.Specially: (a)
A missionary preacher sent forth to prepare the wayfor a resident pastor; an
itinerant missionary preacher. (b) A writerof one of the four Gospels (With the
definite article); as, the fourevangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. (c) A
traveling preacherwhose efforts are chiefly directed to arouse to immediate
repentance.The Apostles, so far as they evangelized, might claim the tittlethough
there were many evangelists who were not Apistles. Plumptre.
EVANGELISTARY,A selection of passages from the Gospels, as a lesson in
divineservice. Porson.
EVANGELISTIC,Pertaining to the four evangelists; designed or fitted toevangelize;
evangelical; as, evangelistic efforts.
EVANGELIZATION,The act of evangelizing; the state of being evangelized.The work of
Christ's ministers is evangelization. Hobbes.
EVANGELIZE,To instruct in the gospel; to preach the gospel to; to convertto
Christianity; as, to evangelize the world.His apostles whom he sends To evangelize
the nations. Milton.
EVANGELY,Evangel. [Obs.]The sacred pledge of Christ's evangely. Spenser.
EVANGILE,Good tidings; evangel. [R.]Above all, the Servians . . . read, with much
avidity, the evangileof their freedom. Londor.
EVANID,Liable to vanish or disappear; faint; weak; evanescent; as,evanid color.
[Obs.]They are very transistory and evanid. Barrow.
EVANISH,To vanish.Or like the rainbow's lovely form, Evanishing amid the storm.
Burns.
EVANISHMENT,A vanishing; disappearance. [R.] T. Jefferson.
EVAPORABLE,Capable of being converted into vapor, or dissipated byevaporation.
EVAPORATE,Dispersed in vapors. Thomson.
EVAPORATION,See Vaporization.
EVAPORATIVE,Pertaining to, or producing, evaporation; as, the evaporativeprocess.
EVAPORATOR,An apparatus for condensing vegetable juices, or for dryingfruit by
heat.
EVAPOROMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the quantity of a fluidevaporated in a
given time; an atmometer.
EVASIBLE,That may be evaded. [R.]
EVASION,The act of eluding or avoiding, particularly the pressure of anargument,
accusation, charge, or interrogation; artful means ofeluding.Thou . . . by evasions
thy crime uncoverest more. Milton.
EVASIVE,Tending to evade, or marked by evasion; elusive; shuffling;avoiding by
artifice.Thus he, though conscious of the ethereal guest, Answered evasive ofthe
sly request. Pope.Stammered out a few evasive phrases. Macaulay.-- E*va"sive*ly ,
adv.-- E*va"sive*ness, n.
EVECTICS,The branch of medical science which teaches the method ofacquiring a good
habit of body. [Obs.]
EVEN,Evening. See Eve, n. 1. [Poetic.] Shak.
EVENE,To happen. [Obs.] Hewyt.
EVENFALL,Beginning of evening. "At the quiet evenfall." Tennyson.
EVENHAND,Equality. [Obs.] Bacon.
EVENHANDED,Fair or impartial; unbiased. "Evenhanded justice." Shak.--
E"ven*hand`ed*ly, adv.-- E"ven*hand`ed*ness, n.
EVENLY,With an even, level, or smooth surface; without roughness,elevations, or
depression; uniformly; equally; comfortably;impartially; serenely.
EVENMINDED,Having equanimity.
EVENNESS,The state of being ven, level, or disturbed; smoothness;horizontal
position; uniformity; impartiality; calmness; equanimity;appropriate place or
level; as, evenness of surface, of a fluid atrest, of motion, of dealings, of
temper, of condition.It had need be something extraordinary, that must warrant an
ordinaryperson to rise higher than his own evenness. Jer. Taylor.
EVENSONG,A song for the evening; the evening service or form of worship(in the
Church of England including vespers and compline); also, thetime of evensong.
Wyclif. Milton.
EVENT,To break forth. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
EVENTERATE,To rip open; todisembowel. [Obs.] Sir. T. Brown.
EVENTFUL,Full of, or rich in, events or incidents; as, an eventfuljourney; an
eventful period of history; an eventful period of life.
EVENTIDE,The time of evening; evening. [Poetic.] Spenser.
EVENTILATION,The act of eventilating; discussion. [Obs.] Bp. Berkely.
EVENTLESS,Without events; tame; monotomous; marked by nothing unusual;uneventful.
EVENTOGNATHI,An order of fishes including a vast number of freshwaterspecies such
as the carp, loach, chub, etc.
EVENTUAL,Dependent on events; contingent. Marshall.
EVENTUALITY,Disposition to take cognizance of events.
EVENTUALLY,In an eventual manner; finally; ultimately.
EVENTUATE,To come out finally or in conclusion; to result; to come topass.
EVENTUATION,The act of eventuating or happening as a result; the outcome.R. W.
Hamilton.
EVERDURING,Everlasting. Shak.
EVERGLADE,A swamp or low tract of land inundated with water andinterspersed with
hummocks, or small islands, and patches of highgrass; as, the everglades of
Florida. [U. S.]
EVERGREEN STATE,Washington; -- a nickname alluding to the abundance ofevergreen
trees.
EVERGREEN,Remaining unwithered through the winter, or retainingunwithered leaves
until the leaves of the next year are expanded, aspines cedars, hemlocks, and the
like.
EVERLASTING,A plant whose flowers may be dried without losing their form orcolor,
as the pearly everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), theimmortelle of the French,
the cudweeds, etc.
EVERLASTINGLY,In an everlasting manner.
EVERLASTINGNESS,The state of being everlasting; endless duration;
indefiniteduration.
EVERMORE,During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; atall times;
-- often used substantively with for.Seek the Lord . . . Seek his face evermore.
Ps. cv. 4.And, behold, I am alive for evermore. Rev. i. 18.Which flow from the
presence of God for evermore. Tillotson.I evermore did love you, Hermia. Shak.
EVERNIC,Pertaining to Evernia, a genus of lichens; as, evernic acid.
EVERSE,To overthrow or subvert. [Obs.] Glanvill.
EVERSIVE,Tending to evert or overthrow; subversive; with of.A maxim eversive . . .
of all justice and morality. Geddes.
EVERYBODY,Every person.
EVERYDAY,Used or fit for every day; common; usual; as, an everyday suitor
clothes.The mechanical drudgery of his everyday employment. Sir. J. Herchel.
EVERYONE,Everybody; -- commonly separated, every one.
EVERYTHING,Whatever pertains to the subject under consideration; allthings.More
wise, more learned, more just, more everything. Pope.
EVERYWHEN,At any or all times; every instant. [R.] "Eternal law issilently present
everywhere and everywhen." Carlyle.
EVERYWHERE,In every place; in all places; hence, in every part;
throughly;altogether.
EVERYWHERENESS,Ubiquity; omnipresence. [R.] Grew.
EVESDROP,See Eavesdrop.
EVESDROPPER,See Eavesdropper.
EVESTIGATE,To investigate. [Obs.] Bailey.
EVET,The common newt or eft. In America often applied to severalspecies of aquatic
salamanders. [Written also evat.]
EVIBRATE,To vibrate. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EVICT,To dispossess by a judicial process; to dispossess by paramountright or claim
of such right; to eject; to oust.The law of England would speedily evict them out
of their possession.Sir. J. Davies.
EVIDENCE,That which is legally submitted to competent tribunal, as ameans of
ascertaining the truth of any alleged matter of fact underinvestigation before it;
means of making proof; -- the latter,strictly speaking, not being synonymous with
evidence, but rather theeffect of it. Greenleaf. Circumstantial evidence,
Conclusiveevidence, etc. See under Circumstantial, Conclusive, etc.-- Crown's,
King's, or Queen's evidence, evidence for the crown.[Eng.] -- State's evidence,
evidence for the government or thepeople. [U. S. ] -- To turn King's, Queen's or
State's evidence, toconfess a crime and give evidence against one's accomplices.
EVIDENCER,One whi gives evidence.
EVIDENT,Clear to the vision; especially, clear to the understanding,and
satisfactory to the judgment; as, the figure or color of a bodyis evident to the
senses; the guilt of an offender can not always bemade evident.Your honor and your
goodness is so evident. Shak.And in our faces evident the sings Of foul
concupiscence. Milton.
EVIDENTIAL,Relating to, or affording, evidence; indicative; especially,relating to
the evidences of Christianity. Bp. Fleetwood. "Evidentialtracks." Earle..--
Ev`i*den"tial*ly, adv.
EVIDENTIARY,Furnishing evidence; asserting; proving; evidential.When a fact is
supposed, although incorrectly, to be evidentiary of,a mark of, some other fact. J.
S. Mill.
EVIDENTLY,In an evident manner; clearly; plainly.Before whose eyes Jesus Christ
hath been evidently set forth. Gal.iii. 1.He has evidently in the prime of youth.
W. Irving.
EVIDENTNESS,State of being evident.
EVIGILATION,A waking up or awakening. [Obs.]
EVIL EYE,. See Evil eye under Evil, a.
EVIL,In an evil manner; not well; ill; badly; unhappily;injuriously; unkindly.
Shak.It went evil with his house. 1 Chron. vii. 23.The Egyptians evil entreated us,
and affected us. Deut. xxvi. 6.
EVIL-EYED,Possessed of the supposed evil eye; also, looking with envy,jealousy, or
bad design; malicious. Shak.
EVIL-FAVORED,Having a bad countenance or appearance; ill-favored;
blemished;deformed. Bacon.-- E"vil-fa`vored*ness, n. Deut. xvi. 1.
EVIL-MINDED,Having evil dispositions or intentions; disposed to mischief orsin;
malicious; malignant; wicked.-- E"vil-mind`ed*ness, n.
EVILLY,In an evil manner; not well; ill. [Obs.] "Good deeds evillybestowed." Shak.
EVILNESS,The condition or quality of being evil; badness; viciousness;malignity;
vileness; as, evilness of heart; the evilness of sin.
EVINCEMENT,The act of evincing or proving, or the state of being evinced.
EVINCIBLE,Capable of being proved or clearly brought to light;demonstrable. Sir. M.
Hale. --E*vin"ci*bly, adv.
EVINCIVE,Tending to prove; having the power to demonstrate;demonstrative;
indicative.
EVIRATE,To emasculate; to dispossess of manhood. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
EVIRATION,Castration. [Obs.]
EVISCERATE,To take out the entrails of; to disembowel; to gut.
EVISCERATION,A disemboweling.
EVITABLE,A voidable. [R.] Hooker.
EVITATE,To shun; to avoid. [Obs.] Shak.
EVITATION,A shunning; avoidance. [Obs.] Bacon.
EVITE,To shun. [Obs.] Dryton.
EVITERNAL,Eternal; everlasting. [Obs.] -- Ev`i*ter"nal*ly, adv. Bp. Hall.
EVITERNITY,Eternity. [Obs.]
EVOCATE,To call out or forth; to summon; to evoke. [R.] Stackhouse.
EVOCATION,The act of calling out or forth. Sir. T. Browne.The evocation of that
better spirit. M. Arnold.
EVOCATIVE,Calling forth; serving to evoke; developing.Evocative power over all that
is eloquent and expressive in thebetter soul of man. W. Pater.
EVOCATOR,One who calls forth. [R.]
EVOKE,Apt to fly away. [Obs. or R.] Blount.
EVOLATION,A flying out or up. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
EVOLUTE,A curve from which another curve, called the involute orevolvent, is
described by the end of a thread gradually wound uponthe former, or unwound from
it. See Involute. It is the locus of thecenters of all the circles which are
osculatory to the given curve orevolvent.
EVOLUTILITY,The faculty possessed by all substances capable of self-nourishment of
manifesting the nutritive acts by changes of form, ofvolume, or of structure. Syd.
Soc. Lex.
EVOLUTION,The formation of an involute by unwrapping a thread from acurve as an
evolute. Hutton.
EVOLUTIONAL,Relating to evolution. "Evolutional changes." H. Spenser.
EVOLUTIONARY,Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
EVOLUTIONISM,The theory of, or belief in, evolution. See Evolution, 6 and 7.
EVOLVE,To become open, disclosed, or developed; to pass through aprocess of
evolution. Prior.
EVOLVEMENT,The act of evolving, or the state of being evolved; evolution.
EVOLVENT,The involute of a curve. See Involute, and Evolute.
EVOMIT,To vomit. [Obs.]
EVOMITION,The act of vomiting. [Obs.] Swift.
EVULGATE,To publish abroad. [Obs.]
EVULGATION,A divulging. [Obs.]
EVULSION,The act of plucking out; a rooting out.
EW,A yew. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EWE,The female of the sheep, and of sheeplike animals.
EWE-NECKED,Having a neck like a ewe; -- said of horses in which the archof the neck
is deficent, being somewhat hollowed out. Youwatt.
EWER,A kind of widemouthed pitcher or jug; esp., one used to holdwater for the
toilet.Basins and ewers to lave her dainty hands. Shak.
EWT,The newt.
EX LIBRIS,An inscription, label, or the like, in a book indicating itsownership;
esp., a bookplate.
EX OFFICIO,From office; by virtue, or as a consequence, of an office;officially.
EX PARTE,Upon or from one side only; one-sided; partial; as, an ex partestatement.
Ex parte application, one made without notice oropportunity to oppose.-- Ex parte
council, one that assembles at the request of only oneof the parties in dispute.--
Ex parte hearing or evidence (Law), that which is had or taken byone side or party
in the absence of the other. Hearings before grandjuries, and affidavits, are ex
parte. Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
EX-,. A prefix from the latin preposition, ex, akin to Gr. 'ex or'ek signifying out
of, out, proceeding from. Hence, in composition,it signifies out of, as, in exhale,
exclude; off, from, or out. as inexscind; beyond, as, in excess, exceed, excel; and
sometimes has aprivative sense of without, as in exalbuminuos, exsanguinous. In
somewords, it intensifies the meaning; in others, it has little affect onthe
signification. It becomes ef- before f, as in effuse. The form e-occurs instead of
ex- before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, and v, as inebullient, emanate, enormous, etc. In
words from the French it oftenappears as es-, sometimes as s- or é-; as, escape,
scape, élite. Ex-,prefixed to names implying office, station, condition, denotes
thatthe person formerly held the office, or is out of the office orcondition now;
as, ex-president, ex-governor, ex-mayor, ex-convict.The Greek form 'ex becomes ex
in English, as in exarch; 'ek becomesec, as in eccentric.
EX-OFFICIAL,Proceeding from office or authority.
EX-VOTO,An offering to a church in fulfillment of a vow.
EXACERBATE,To render more violent or bitter; to irriate; to exasperate; toimbitter,
as passions or disease. Broughman.
EXACERBATION,A periodical increase of violence in a disease, as in remittentor
continious fever; an increased energy of diseased and painfulaction.
EXACERBESCENCE,Increase of irritation or violence, particularly the increaseof a
fever or disease.
EXACERVATION,The act of heaping up. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXACINATE,To remove the kernel form.
EXACINATION,Removal of the kernel.
EXACT,To demand or require authoritatively or peremptorily, as aright; to enforce
the payment of, or a yielding of; to compel toyield or to furnish; hence, to wrest,
as a fee or reward when none isdue; -- followed by from or of before the one
subjected to exaction;as, to exact tribute, fees, obedience, etc., from or of some
one.He said into them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you.Luke. iii.
13.Years of servise past From grateful souls exact reward at lastDryden.My designs
Exact me in another place. Massinger.
EXACTER,An exactor. [R.]
EXACTING,Oppressive or unreasonably severe in making demands orrequiring the exact
fulfillment of obligations; harsh; severe. "Atemper so exacting." T. Arnold --
Ex*act"ing*ly, adv.-- Ex*act"ing*ness, n.
EXACTITUDE,The quality of being exact; exactness.
EXACTLY,In an exact manner; precisely according to a rule, standard, orfact;
accurately; strictly; correctly; nicely. "Exactly wrought."Shak.His enemies were
pleased, for he had acted exactly as their interestsrequired. Bancroft.
EXACTOR,One who exacts or demands by authority or right; hence, anextortioner;
also, one unreasonably severe in injunctions or demands.Jer. Taylor.
EXACTRESS,A woman who is an exactor. [R.] B. Jonson.
EXACUATE,To whet or sharpen. [Obs.] B. Jonson.-- Ex*ac`u*a"tion, n. [Obs.]
EXAERESIS,In old writers, the operations concerned in the removal ofparts of the
body.
EXAGGERATED,Enlarged beyond bounds or the truth.-- Ex*ag"ger*a`ted*ly, adv.
EXAGGERATING,That exaggerates; enlarging beyond bounds.-- Ex*ag"ger*a`ting*ly, adv.
EXAGGERATION,A representation of things beyond natural life, in expression,beauty,
power, vigor.
EXAGGERATIVE,Tending to exaggerate; involving exaggeration. "Exaggerativelanguage."
Geddes. "Exaggerative pictures." W. J. Linton.-- Ex*ag"ger*a*tive*ly, adv. Carlyle.
EXAGGERATOR,One who exaggerates; one addicted to exaggeration. L. Horner.
EXAGGERATORY,Containing, or tending to, exaggeration; exaggerative. Johnson.
EXAGITATION,Agitation. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXALBUMINOUS,Having no albumen about the embryo; -- said of certain seeds.
EXALT,To render pure or refined; to intensify or concentrate; as, toexalt the
juices of bodies.With chemic art exalts the mineral powers. Pope.
EXALTATE,Exercising its highest influence; -- said of a planet. [Obs.]Chaucer.
EXALTATION,The refinement or subtilization of a body, or the increasing ofits
virtue or principal property.
EXALTED,Raised to lofty height; elevated; extolled; refined;
dignified;sublime.Wiser far than Solomon, Of more exalted mind. Milton.Time never
fails to bring every exalted reputation to a strictscrutiny. Ames.-- Ex*alt"ed*ly,
adv.-- Ex*alt"ed*ness, n. "The exaltedness of some minds." T. Gray.
EXALTER,One who exalts or raises to dignity.
EXALTMENT,Exaltation. [Obs.] Barrow.
EXAMEN,Examination; inquiry. [R.] "A critical examen of the twopieces." Cowper.
EXAMETRON,An hexameter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EXAMINABLE,Capable of being examined or inquired into. Bacon.
EXAMINATE,A person subjected to examination. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXAMINATOR,An examiner. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
EXAMINEE,A person examined.
EXAMINER,One who examines, tries, or inspects; one who interrogates; anofficer or
person charged with the duty of making an examination; as,an examiner of students
for a degree; an examiner in chancery, in thepatent office, etc.
EXAMINERSHIP,The office or rank of an examiner.
EXAMINING,Having power to examine; appointed to examine; as, an examiningcommittee.
EXAMPLARY,Serving for example or pattern; exemplary. [Obs.] Hooker.
EXAMPLE,To set an example for; to give a precedent for; to exemplify;to give an
instance of; to instance. [Obs.] "I may example mydigression by some mighty
precedent." Shak.Burke devoted himself to this duty with a fervid assiduity that
hasnot often been exampled, and has never been surpassed. J. Morley.
EXAMPLELESS,Without or above example. [R.]
EXAMPLER,A pattern; an exemplar. [Obs.]
EXAMPLESS,Exampleless. [Wrongly formed.] B. Jonson.
EXANGUIOUS,Bloodless. [Obs.] See Exsanguious. Sir T. Browne.
EXANGULOUS,Having no corners; without angles. [R.]
EXANIMATE,To deprive of animation or of life. [Obs.]
EXANIMATION,Deprivation of life or of spirits. [R.] Bailey.
EXANIMOUS,Lifeless; dead. [Obs.] Johnson.
EXANNULATE,Having the sporangium destitute of a ring; -- said of certaingenera of
ferns.
EXANTHEM,Same as Exanthema.
EXANTHEMA,An efflorescence or discoloration of the skin; an eruption orbreaking
out, as in measles, smallpox, scarlatina, and the likediseases; -- sometimes
limited to eruptions attended with fever.Dunglison.
EXANTHESIS,An eruption of the skin; cutaneous efflorescence.
EXANTLATE,To exhaust or wear out. [Obs.] "Seeds . . . wearied orexantlated." Boyle.
EXANTLATION,Act of drawing out ; exhaustion. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXARATE,To plow up; also, to engrave; to write. [Obs.] Blount.
EXARATION,Act of plowing; also, act of writing. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXARCH,A viceroy; in Ravenna, the title of the viceroys of theByzantine emperors;
in the Eastern Church, the superior over severalmonasteries; in the modern Greek
Church, a deputy of the patriarch ,who visits the clergy, investigates
ecclesiastical cases, etc.
EXARCHATE,The office or the province of an exarch. Jer. Taylor.
EXARILLATE,Having no aril; -- said of certain seeds, or of the plantsproducing
them.
EXARTICULATE,Having but one joint; -- said of certain insects.
EXARTICULATION,Luxation; the dislocation of a joint. Bailey.
EXASPERATE,Exasperated; imbittered. [Obs.] Shak.Like swallows which the exasperate
dying year Sets spinning. Mrs.Browning.
EXASPERATER,One who exasperates or inflames anger, enmity, or violence.
EXASPIDEAN,Having the anterior scute
EXAUCTORATE,See Exauthorate. [Obs.]
EXAUCTORATION,See Exauthoration.
EXAUGURATE,To annul the consecration of; to secularize; to unhellow.[Obs.] Holland.
EXAUGURATION,The act of exaugurating; desecration. [Obs.]
EXAUTHORATE,To deprive of authority or office; to depose; to discharge.
[Obs.]Exauthorated for their unworthiness. Jer. Taylor.
EXAUTHORATION,Deprivation of authority or dignity; degration. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
EXAUTHORIZE,To deprive of uthority. [Obs.] Selden.
EXCALCEATE,To deprive of shoes. [Obs.] Chambers.
EXCALCEATION,The act of depriving or divesting of shoes. [Obs.] Chambers.
EXCALFACTION,A heating or warming; calefaction. [Obs.] Blount.
EXCALFACTIVE,Serving to heat; warming. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
EXCALFACTORY,Heating; warming. [Obs.] Holland.
EXCALIBUR,The name of King Arthur's mythical sword. [Written alsoExcalibar,
Excalibor, Escalibar, and Caliburn.] Tennyson.
EXCANDESCENT,White or glowing with heat. [R.] Ure.
EXCANTATION,Disenchantment by a countercharm. [Obs.] Gayton.
EXCARNATE,To deprive or clear of flesh. Grew.
EXCARNATION,The act of depriving or divesting of flesh; excarnification; --opposed
to incarnation.
EXCARNIFICATE,To clear of flesh; to excarnate. Dr. H. More.
EXCARNIFICATION,The act of excarnificating or of depriving of flesh;excarnation.
Johnson.
EXCAVATE,To dig out and remove, as earth.The material excavated was usually sand.
E. L. Corthell.Excavating pump, a kind of dredging apparatus for excavating
underwater, in which silt and loose material mixed with water are drawn upby a
pump. Knight.
EXCAVATOR,One who, or that which, excavates or hollows out; a machine, asa dredging
machine, or a tool, for excavating.
EXCAVE,To excavate. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXCECATE,To blind. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXCECATION,The act of making blind. [Obs.] Bp. Richardson.
EXCEDENT,Excess. [R.]
EXCEED,To go beyond; to proceed beyond the given or supposed limit ormeasure of; to
outgo; to surpass; -- used both in a good and a badsense; as, one man exceeds
another in bulk, stature, weight, power,skill, etc. ; one offender exceeds another
in villainy; his rankexceeds yours.Name the time, but let it not Exceed three days.
Shak.Observes how much a chintz exceeds mohair. Pope.
EXCEEDABLE,Capable of exceeding or surpassing. [Obs.] Sherwood.
EXCEEDER,One who exceeds. Bp. Montagu.
EXCEEDING,More than usual; extraordinary; more than sufficient;measureless. "The
exceeding riches of his grace." Eph. ii. 7.-- Ex*ceed"ing*ness, n. [Obs.] Sir P.
Sidney.
EXCEEDINGLY,To a very great degree; beyond what is usual; surpassingly. Itsignifies
more than very.
EXCEL,To surpass others in good qualities, laudable actions, oracquirements; to be
distinguished by superiority; as, to excel inmathematics, or classics.Unstable as
water, thou shalt not excel. Gen. xlix. 4.Then peers grew proud in horsemanship t'
excel. Pope.
EXCELLENT,Excellently; eminently; exceedingly. [Obs.] "This comes offwell and
excellent." Shak.
EXCELSIOR,More lofty; still higher; ever upward.
EXCENTRAL,Out of the center.
EXCENTRICITY,. (Math.) Same as Eccentricity.
EXCEPT,To take exception; to object; -- usually followed by to,sometimes by
against; as, to except to a witness or his testimony.Except thou wilt except
against my love. Shak.
EXCEPTANT,Making exception.
EXCEPTING,, but properly a participle. With rejection or exception of;excluding;
except. "Excepting your worship's presence." Shak.No one was ever yet made utterly
miserable, excepting by himself.Lubbock.
EXCEPTION,An objection, oral or written, taken, in the course of anaction, as to
bail or security; or as to the decision of a judge, inthe course of a trail, or in
his charge to a jury; or as to lapse oftime, or scandal, impertinence, or
insufficiency in a pleading; also,as in conveyancing, a clause by which the grantor
excepts somethingbefore granted. Burrill.
EXCEPTIONABLE,Liable to exception or objection; objectionable.--
Ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness, n.This passage I look upon to be the most exceptionable in
the wholepoem. Addison.
EXCEPTIONAL,Forming an exception; not ordinary; uncommon; rare; hence,better than
the average; superior. Lyell.This particular spot had exceptional advantages.
Jowett (Th. )-- Ex*cep"tion*al*ly(#), adv.
EXCEPTIONER,One who takes exceptions or makes objections. [Obs.] Milton.
EXCEPTIONLESS,Without exception.A universal, . . . exceptionless disqualification.
Bancroft.
EXCEPTIOUS,Disposed or apt to take exceptions, or to object; captious.[Obs.]At
least effectually silence the doubtful and exceptious. South.-- Ex*cep"tious*ness,
n. [Obs.] Barrow.
EXCEPTIVE,That excepts; including an exception; as, an exceptiveproposition. I.
Watts.A particular and exceptive law. Milton.
EXCEPTLESS,Not exceptional; usual. [Obs.]My general and exceptless rashness. Shak.
EXCEPTOR,One who takes exceptions. T. Burnet.
EXCEREBRATION,The act of removing or beating out the brains.
EXCEREBROSE,Brainless. [R.]
EXCERN,To excrete; to throw off through the pores; as, fluids areexcerned in
perspiration. [R.] Bacon.
EXCERNENT,Connected with, or pertaining to, excretion.
EXCERP,To pick out. [Obs.] Hales.
EXCERPT,To select; to extract; to cite; to quote.Out of which we have excerpted the
following particulars. Fuller.
EXCERPTIVE,That excerpts, selects, or chooses. D. L. Mackenzie.
EXCERPTOR,One who makes excerpts; a picker; a culler.
EXCESSIVE,Characterized by, or exhibiting, excess; overmuch.Excessive grief [is]
the enemy to the living. Shak.
EXCHANGE EDITOR,An editor who inspects, and culls from, periodicals, orexchanges,
for his own publication.
EXCHANGE,The process of setting accounts or debts between partiesresiding at a
distance from each other, without the intervention ofmoney, by exchanging orders or
drafts, called bills of exchange.These may be drawn in one country and payable in
another, in whichcase they are called foreign bills; or they may be drawn and
madepayable in the same country, in which case they are called inlandbills. The
term bill of exchange is often abbreviated into exchange;as, to buy or sell
exchange.
EXCHANGEABILITY,The quality or state of being exchangeable.The law ought not be
contravened by an express article admitting theexchangeability of such persons.
Washington.
EXCHANGEABLY,By way of exchange.
EXCHANGER,One who exchanges; one who practices exchange. Matt.
EXCHEAT,See Escheat. [Obs.] Spenser.
EXCHEATOR,See Escheator. [Obs.]
EXCHEQUER,To institute a process against (any one) in the Court ofExchequer.
EXCIDE,To cut off. [R.]
EXCIPIENT,Taking an exception.
EXCISABLE,Liable or subject to excise; as, tobacco in an excisablecommodity.
EXCISE,To cut out or off; to separate and remove; as, to excise atumor.
EXCISEMAN,An officer who inspects and rates articles liable to exciseduty.
Macaulay.
EXCISION,The act of cutting off from the church; excommunication.
EXCITABILITY,The property manifested by living organisms, and the elementsand
tissues of which they are constituted, of responding to theaction of stimulants;
irritability; as, nervous excitability.
EXCITABLE,Capable of being excited, or roused into action; susceptible
ofexcitement; easily stirred up, or stimulated.
EXCITANT,Tending to excite; exciting.
EXCITATE,To excite. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXCITATION,The act of producing excitement (stimulation); also, theexcitement
produced.
EXCITATIVE,Having power to excite; tending or serving to excite;excitatory. Barrow.
EXCITATOR,A kind of discarder.
EXCITATORY,Tending to excite; containing excitement; excitative.
EXCITE,To call forth or increase the vital activity of an organism, orany of its
parts.
EXCITEFUL,Full of exciting qualities; as, an exciteful story; excitefulplayers.
Chapman.
EXCITEMENT,A state of aroused or increased vital activity in an organism,or any of
its organs or tissues.
EXCITER,One who, or that which, excites.Hope is the grand exciter of industry. Dr.
H. More.
EXCITING,Calling or rousing into action; producing excitement; as,exciting events;
an exciting story.-- Ex*cit"ing*ly, adv. Exciting causes (Med.), those
whichimmediately produce disease, or those which excite the action ofpredisposing
causes.
EXCITIVE,Serving or tending to excite; excitative. [R.] Bamfield.
EXCITO-MOTION,Motion excited by reflex nerves. See Excito-motory.
EXCITO-MOTOR,Excitomotory; as, excito-motor power or causes.
EXCITO-MOTORY,Exciting motion; -- said of that portion of the nervous
systemconcerned in reflex action, by which impressions are transmitted to anerve
center and then reflected back so as to produce muscularcontraction without
sensation or volition.
EXCITO-NUTRIENT,Exciting nutrition; said of the reflex influence by which
thenutritional processes are either excited or modified.
EXCITO-SECRETORY,Exciting secretion; -- said of the influence exerted by
reflexaction on the function of secretion, by which the various glands areexcited
to action.
EXCLAIM,To cry out from earnestness or passion; to utter withvehemence; to call out
or declare loudly; to protest vehemently; tovociferate; to shout; as, to exclaim
against oppression with wonderor astonishment; "The field is won!" he exclaimed.
EXCLAIMER,One who exclaims.
EXCLAMATION,A word expressing outcry; an interjection; a word expressingpassion, as
wonder, fear, or grief.
EXCLAMATIVE,Exclamatory. Earle.-- Ex*clam"a*tive*ly, adv.
EXCLAMATORY,Containing, expressing, or using exclamation; as, anexclamatory phrase
or speaker. South.-- Ex*clam"a*to*ti*ly, adv.
EXCLAVE,A portion of a country which is separated from the main partand surrounded
by politically alien territory. [Recent.]
EXCLUSION,The act of expelling or ejecting a fetus or an egg from thewomb.
EXCLUSIONARY,Tending to exclude; causing exclusion; exclusive.
EXCLUSIONISM,The character, manner, or principles of an exclusionist.
EXCLUSIONIST,One who would exclude another from some right or privilege;esp., one
of the anti-popish politicians of the time of Charles
EXCLUSIVE,One of a coterie who exclude others; one who from real ofaffected
fastidiousness limits his acquaintance to a select few.
EXCLUSIVENESS,Quality of being exclusive.
EXCLUSIVISM,The act or practice of excluding being exclusive;exclusiveness.
EXCLUSIVIST,One who favor or practices any from of exclusiveness orexclusivism.The
field of Greek mythology . . . the favorite sporting ground ofthe exclusivists of
the solar theory. Gladstone.
EXCLUSORY,Able to exclude; excluding; serving to exclude.
EXCOCT,To boil out; to produce by boiling. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXCOCTION,The act of excocting or boiling out. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXCOGITATE,To think out; to find out or discover by thinking; to devise;to
contrive. "Excogitate strange arts." Stirling.This evidence . . . thus excogitated
out of the general theory.Whewell.
EXCOGITATION,The act of excogitating; a devising in the thoughts;
invention;contrivance.
EXCOMMUNE,To exclude from participation in; to excommunicate. [Obs.]Poets . . .
were excommuned Plato's common wealth Gayton.
EXCOMMUNICABLE,Liable or deserving to be excommunicated; makingexcommunication
possible or proper. "Persons excommunicable ." Bp.Hall.What offenses are
excommunicable Kenle.
EXCOMMUNICANT,One who has been excommunicated.
EXCOMMUNICATE,Excommunicated; interdicted from the rites of the church.-- n.
EXCOMMUNICATION,The act of communicating or ejecting; esp., an
ecclesiasticalcensure whereby the person against whom it is pronounced is, for
thetime, cast out of the communication of the church; exclusion fromfellowship in
things spiritual.
EXCOMMUNICATOR,One who excommunicates.
EXCOMMUNION,. A shutting out from communion; excommunication. [Obs.]Excommunication
is the utmost of ecclesiastical judicature. Milton.
EXCORIABLE,. Capable of being excoriated.The scaly covering of fishes, . . . even
in such as are excoriatable.Sir T. Browne.
EXCORIATE,To strip or wear off the skin of; to abrade; to gall; to breakand remove
the cuticle of, in any manner, as by rubbing, beating, orby the action of acrid
substances.
EXCORTICATE,To strip of bark or skin; to decorticate. [Obs.] "Excorticatethe tree."
Evelyn.
EXCORTICATION,The act of stripping off bark, or the state of being thusstripped;
decortication.
EXCREABLE,Capable of being discharged by spitting. [Obs.] Swift.
EXCREATE,To spit out; to discharge from the throat by hawking andspitting. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
EXCREATION,Act of spitting out. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXCREMENT,Matter excreted and ejected; that which is excreted or cast outof the
animal body by any of the natural emunctories; especially,alvine, discharges; dung;
ordure.
EXCREMENTAL,Of or pertaining to excrement.
EXCREMENTIVE,Serving to excrete; connected with excretion or excrement. [R.]"The
excrementive parts." Felthman.
EXCREMENTIZE,To void excrement. [R.] Life of A. Wood
EXCRESCENCE,An excrescent appendage, as, a wart or tumor; anything growingout
unnaturally from anything else; a preternatural or morbiddevelopment; hence, a
troublesome superfluity; an incumbrance; as, anexcrescence on the body, or on a
plant. "Excrescences of joy." Jer.Taylor.The excrescences of the Spanish monarchy.
Addison.
EXCRESCENCY,Excrescence. [Obs.]
EXCRESCENT,Growing out in an abnormal or morbid manner or as asuperfluity.Expunge
the whole, or lip the excrescent parts. Pope.Excrescent letter (Philol.), a letter
which has been added to a root;as, the d in alder (AS. alr) is an excrescent
letter.
EXCRESCENTIAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, an excrescence. [R.] Hawthorne.
EXCRETA,Matters to be excreted.
EXCRETE,To separate and throw off; to excrete urine. "The mucus thusexcreted."
Hooper.
EXCRETIN,A nonnitrogenous, crystalline body, present in small quantityin human
fæces.
EXCRETIVE,Having the power of excreting, or promoting excretion. Harvey.
EXCRETORY,Having the quality of excreting, or throwing offexcrementitious matter.
EXCRUCIABLE,Liable to torment. [R.] Bailey.
EXCRUCIATE,Excruciated; tortured.And here my heart long time excruciate. Chapman.
EXCRUCIATING,. Torturing; racking. "Excruciating pain." V. Knox."Excruciating
fears." Bentley -- Ex*cru"ci*a`ting*ly, adv.
EXCRUCIATION,The act of inflicting agonizing pain, or the state of beingthus
afflicted; that which excruciates; torture. Feltham.
EXCUBATION,A keeping watch. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXCUBITORIUM,A gallery in a church, where persons watched all night.
EXCULPABLE,. Capable of being exculpated; deserving exculpation. Sir G.Buck.
EXCULPATE,To clear from alleged fault or guilt; to prove to be guiltless;to relieve
of blame; to acquit.He exculpated himself from being the author of the heroic
epistle.Mason.I exculpate him further for his writing against me. Milman.
EXCULPATION,The act of exculpating from alleged fault or crime; that
whichexculpates; excuse.These robbers, however, were men who might have made out a
strongcase in exculpation of themselves. Southey.
EXCULPATORY,. Clearing, or tending to clear, from alleged fault or guilt;excusing.
"An exculpatory letter." Johnson.
EXCUR,To run out or forth; to extend. [Obs.] Harvey.
EXCURRENT,Running or extending out; as, an excurrent midrib, one whichprojects
beyond the apex of a leaf; an excurrent steam or trunk, onewhich continues to the
top.
EXCURSE,To journey or pass thought. [R.]
EXCURSION,Length of stroke, as of a piston; stroke. [An awkward use ofthe word.]
EXCURSIONIST,One who goes on an excursion, or pleasure trip.
EXCURSIVE,Prone to make excursions; wandering; roving; exploring; as, anexcursive
fancy.The course of excursive . . . understandings. I. Taylor.-- Ex*cur"sive*ly,
adv.-- Ex*cur"sive*ness, , n.
EXCURSUS,A dissertation or digression appended to a work, and containinga more
extended exposition of some important point or topic.
EXCUSABLE,That may be excused, forgiven, justified, or acquitted ofblame;
pardonable; as, the man is excusable; an excusable action.-- Ex*cus"a*ble*ness,
n.-- Ex*cus"a*bly, adv.The excusableness of my dissatisfaction. Boyle.
EXCUSATION,Excuse; apology. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXCUSATOR,One who makes, or is authorized to make, an excuse; anapologist. [Obs.]
Hume.
EXCUSATORY,Making or containing excuse or apology; apologetical; as, anexcusatory
plea.
EXCUSELESS,Having no excuse; not admitting of excuse or apology. Whillock.
EXCUSEMENT,Excuse. [Obs.] Gower.
EXCUSSION,The act of excusing; seizure by law. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
EXECRABLE,Deserving to be execrated; accursed; damnable; detestable;abominable; as,
an execrable wretch. "Execrable pride." Hooker.-- Ex"e*cra*ble*ness, n.--
Ex"e*cra*bly, adv.
EXECRATE,To denounce evil against, or to imprecate evil upon; to curse;to protest
against as unholy or detestable; hence, to detest utterly;to abhor; to abominate.
"They . . . execrate their lct." Cowper.
EXECRATIVE,Cursing; imprecatory; vilifying. Carlyle.-- Ex"e*cra*tive*ly, adv.
EXECRATORY,Of the nature of execration; imprecatory; denunciatory. C.Kingsley.-- n.
EXECT,To cut off or out. [Obs.] See Exsect. Harvey.
EXECTION,See Exsection.
EXECUTABLE,Capable of being executed; feasible; as, an executable project.[R.]
EXECUTANT,One who executes or performs; esp., a performer on a
musicalinstrument.Great executants on the organ. De Quincey.
EXECUTE,To perform, as a piece of music, either on an instrument orwith the voice;
as, to execute a difficult part brilliantly.
EXECUTER,One who performs or carries into effect. See Executor.
EXECUTIVE,Designed or fitted for execution, or carrying into effect; as,executive
talent; qualifying for, concerned with, or pertaining to,the execution of the laws
or the conduct of affairs; as, executivepower or authority; executive duties,
officer, department, etc.
EXECUTIVELY,In the way of executing or performing.
EXECUTOR,The person appointed by a Executor de son tort Etym: [Of.,executor of his
own wrong] (Law), a stranger who intermeddles withoutauthority in the distribution
of the estate of a deceased person.
EXECUTORIAL,Of or pertaining to an executive.
EXECUTORSHIP,The office of an executor.
EXECUTORY,Designed to be executed or carried into effect in time to come,or to take
effect on a future contingency; as, an executory devise,reminder, or estate; an
executory contract. Blackstone.
EXECUTRESS,An executrix.
EXECUTRIX,A woman exercising the functions of an executor.
EXEDENT,Eating out; consuming. [R.]
EXEDRA,A room in a public building, furnished with seats.
EXEGESIS,The process of finding the roots of an equation. [Obs.]
EXEGETE,An exegetist.
EXEGETICS,The science of interpretation or exegesis.
EXEGETIST,One versed in the science of exegesis or interpretation; --also called
exegete.
EXEMPLAR,Exemplary. [Obs.]The exemplar piety of the father of a family. Jer.
Taylor.
EXEMPLARILY,In a manner fitted or designed to be an example for imitationor for
warning; by way of example.She is exemplarily loyal. Howell.Some he punisheth
exemplarily. Hakewill.
EXEMPLARINESS,The state or quality of being exemplary; fitness to be anexample.
EXEMPLARITY,Exemplariness. [R.]The exemplarity of Christ's life. Abp. Sharp.
EXEMPLARY,An exemplar; also, a copy of a book or writing. [Obs.] Donne.
EXEMPLIFIABLE,That can be exemplified.
EXEMPLIFICATION,A copy or transcript attested to be correct by the seal of
anofficer having custody of the original.
EXEMPLIFIER,One who exemplifies by following a pattern.
EXEMPTIBLE,That may be exempted.
EXEMPTION,The act of exempting; the state of being exempt; freedom fromany charge,
burden, evil, etc., to which others are subject;immunity; privilege; as, exemption
of certain articles from seizure;exemption from military service; exemption from
anxiety, suffering,etc.
EXEMPTITIOUS,Separable. [Obs.] "Exemptitious from matter." Dr. H. More.
EXENTERATE,To take out the bowels or entrails of; to disembowel; toeviscerate; as,
exenterated fishes. [R.]Exenterated rule-mongers and eviscerated logicians. Hare.
EXENTERATION,Act of exenterating. [R.]
EXEQUIAL,Of or pertaining to funerals; funereal.
EXEQUIOUS,Funereal. [Obs.] Drayton.
EXEQUY,A funeral rite (usually in the plural); the ceremonies ofburial; obsequies;
funeral procession.But see his exequies fulfilled in Rouen. Shak.
EXERCENT,Practicing; professional. [Obs.] "Every exercent advocate."Ayliffe.
EXERCISABLE,That may be exercised, used, or exerted.
EXERCISE,To exercise one's self, as under military training; to drill;to take
exercise; to use action or exertion; to practice gymnastics;as, to exercise for
health or amusement.I wear my trusty sword, When I do exercise. Cowper.
EXERCISER,One who exercises.
EXERCISIBLE,Capable of being exercised, employed, or enforced; as, theauthority of
a magistrate is exercisible within his jurisdiction.
EXERCITATION,exercise; practice; use. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
EXERGUE,The small space beneath the base line of a subject engraved ona coin or
medal. It usually contains the date, place, engraver'sname, etc., or other
subsidiary matter. Fairholt.
EXERTION,The act of exerting, or putting into motion or action; theactive exercise
of any power or faculty; an effort, esp. a laboriousor perceptible effort; as, an
exertion of strength or power; anexertion of the limbs or of the mind; it is an
exertion for him tomove, to-day.
EXERTIVE,Having power or a tendency to exert; using exertion.
EXERTMENT,Exertion. [R.]
EXESION,The act of eating out or through. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXESTUATE,To be agitated; to boil up; to effervesce. [Obs.]
EXESTUATION,A boiling up; effervescence. [Obs.] Boyle.
EXEUNT,They go out, or retire from the scene; as, exeunt all exceptHamlet. See 1st
Exit.
EXFETATION,Imperfect fetation in some organ exterior to the uterus; extra-uterine
fetation. Hoblyn.
EXFOLIATE,To split into scales, especially to become converted intoscales at the
result of heat or decomposition.
EXFOLIATION,The scaling off of a bone, a rock, or a mineral, etc.; thestate of
being exfoliated.
EXFOLIATIVE,Having the power of causing exfoliation.-- n.
EXHALABLE,Capable of being exhaled or evaporated. Boyle.
EXHALANT,Having the quality of exhaling or evaporating.
EXHALE,To rise or be given off, as vapor; to pass off, or vanish.Their inspiration
exhaled in elegies. Prescott.
EXHALEMENT,Exhalation. [Obs.]
EXHALENCE,Exhalation. [R.]
EXHAUST,To subject to the action of various solvents in order to removeall soluble
substances or extractives; as, to exhaust a drugsuccessively with water, alcohol,
and ether. Exhausted receiver.(Physics) See under Receiver.
EXHAUSTER,One who, or that which, exhausts or draws out.
EXHAUSTIBILITY,Capability of being exhausted.I was seriously tormented by the
thought of the exhaustibility ofmusical combinations. J. S. Mill.
EXHAUSTIBLE,Capable of being exhausted, drained off, or expended. Johnson.
EXHAUSTING,Producing exhaustion; as, exhausting labors.-- Ex*haust"ing, adv.
EXHAUSTION,An ancient geometrical method in which an exhaustive processwas
employed. It was nearly equivalent to the modern method oflimits.
EXHAUSTIVE,Serving or tending to exhaust; exhibiting all the facts orarguments; as,
an exhaustive method. Ex*haust"ive*ly, adv.
EXHAUSTLESS,Not be exhausted; inexhaustible; as, an exhaustless fund orstore.
EXHAUSTMENT,Exhaustion; drain. [Obs.]
EXHAUSTURE,Exhaustion. Wraxall.
EXHEDRA,See Exedra.
EXHEREDATE,To disinherit. [R.] Huloet.
EXHEREDATION,A disinheriting; disherisor. [R.]
EXHEREDITATION,A disinheriting; disherison. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
EXHIBIT,To submit, as a document, to a court or officer, in course ofproceedings;
also, to present or offer officially or in legal form;to bring, as a charge.He
suffered his attorney-general to exhibit a charge of high treasonagainst the earl.
Clarendon.
EXHIBITER,One who exhibits; one who presents a petition, charge or bill.Shak.
EXHIBITION,The act of administering a remedy.
EXHIBITIONER,One who has a pension or allowance granted for support.A youth who had
as an exhibitioner from Christ's Hospital. G. Eliot.
EXHIBITIVE,Serving for exhibition; representative; exhibitory. Norris.--
Ex*hib"it*ive*ly, adv.
EXHIBITOR,One who exhibits.
EXHIBITORY,Exhibiting; publicly showing. J. Warton.
EXHILARANT,Exciting joy, mirth, or pleasure.-- n.
EXHILARATE,To make merry or jolly; to enliven; to animate; to gladdengreatly; to
cheer; as, good news exhilarates the mind; wineexhilarates a man.
EXHILARATING,That exhilarates; cheering; gladdening.-- Ex*hil"a*ra`ting*ly, adv.
EXHORT,To incite by words or advice; to animate or urge by arguments,as to a good
deed or laudable conduct; to address exhortation to; tourge strongly; hence, to
advise, warn, or caution.Examples gross as earth exhort me. Shak.Let me exhort you
to take care of yourself. J. D. Forbes.
EXHORTATIVE,Serving to exhort; exhortatory; hortative. Barrow.
EXHORTATORY,Of or pertaining to exhortation; hortatory. Holinshed.
EXHORTER,One who exhorts or incites.
EXHUMATED,Disinterred. [Obs.]
EXHUMATION,The act of exhuming that which has been buried; as, theexhumation of a
body.
EXHUME,To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; todisinter.
Mantell.
EXICCATE,See Exsiccate. [Obs.] Holland.
EXICCATION,See Exsiccation. [Obs.]
EXIGENCE,Exigency. Hooker.
EXIGENCY,The state of being exigent; urgent or exacting want; pressingnecessity or
distress; need; a case demanding immediate action,supply, or remedy; as, an
unforeseen exigency. "The present exigencyof his affairs." Ludlow.
EXIGENDARY,See Exigenter.
EXIGENT,Exacting or requiring immediate aid or action; pressing;critical. "At this
exigent moment." Burke.
EXIGENTER,An officer in the Court of King's Bench and Common Pleas whoseduty it was
make out exigents. The office in now abolished. Cowell.
EXIGIBLE,That may be exacted; repairable. [R.] A. Smith.
EXIGUITY,Scantiness; smallness; thinness. [R.] Boyle.
EXIGUOUS,Scanty; small; slender; diminutive. [R.] "Exiguous resources."Carlyle.--
Ex*ig"uous*ness, n. [R.]
EXILE,To banish or expel from one's own country or home; to driveaway. "Exiled from
eternal God." Tennyson.Calling home our exiled friends abroad. Shak.
EXILEMENT,Banishment. [R.] Sir. H. Wotton.
EXILIC,Pertaining to exile or banishment, esp. to that of the Jews inBabylon.
Encyc. Dict.
EXILITION,A sudden springing or leaping out. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXILITY,Smallness; meagerness; slenderness; fineness, thinness. [R.]Paley.
EXIMIOUS,Select; choice; hence, extraordinary, excellent. [Obs.]The eximious and
arcane science of physic. Fuller.
EXINANITE,To make empty; to render of no effect; to humble. [Obs.] Bp.Pearson.
EXINANITION,n. [L. exinanitio.] An emptying; an enfeebling; exhaustion;humiliation.
[Obs.]Fastings to the exinanition of spirits. Jer. Taylor.
EXISTENCY,Existence. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
EXISTENT,Having being or existence; existing; being; occurring now;taking place.The
eyes and mind are fastened on objects which have no real being,as if they were
truly existent. Dryden.
EXISTENTIAL,Having existence. [Archaic] Bp. Barlow. --Ex`is*ten"tial*ly,adv.
[Archaic]Existentially as well as essentially intelligent. Colerige.
EXISTER,One who exists.
EXISTIBLE,Capable of existence. Grew.
EXISTIMATION,Esteem; opinion; reputation. [Obs.] Steele.
EXIT,He (or she ) goes out, or retires from view; as, exit Macbeth.
EXMOOR,A prefix signifying out of, outside; as in exocarp, exogen,exoskeleton.
EXOCARP,The outer portion of a fruit, as the flesh of a peach or therind of an
orange. See Illust. of Drupe.
EXOCCIPITAL,Pertaining to a bone or region on each side of the greatforemen of the
skull.-- n.
EXOCULATE,To deprive of eyes. [R.] W. C. Hazlitt.
EXODE,The final chorus; the catastrophe.
EXODIC,Conducting influences from the spinal cord outward; -- said ofthe motor or
efferent nerves. Opposed to esodic.
EXODIUM,See Exode.
EXODY,Exodus; withdrawal. [Obs.]The time of the Jewish exody. Sir M. Hale.
EXOGAMOUS,Relating to exogamy; marrying outside of the limits of one'sown tribe; --
opposed to endogenous.
EXOGAMY,The custom, or tribal law, which prohibits marriage betweenmembers of the
same tribe; marriage outside of the tribe; -- opposedto endogamy. Lubbock.
EXOGEN,A plant belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetablekingdom, and
which the plants are characterized by having c woodbark, and pith, the wood forming
a layer between the other two, andincreasing, if at all, by the animal addition of
a new layer to theoutside next to the bark. The leaves are commonly netted-veined,
andthe number of cotyledons is two, or, very rarely, several in a whorl.Cf.
Endogen. Gray.
EXOGENETIC,Arising or growing from without; exogenous.
EXOGENOUS,Pertaining to, or having the character of, an exogen; -- theopposite of
endogenous.
EXOGYRA,A genus of Cretaceous fossil shells allied to oysters.
EXOLETE,Obsolete; out of use; state; insipid. [Obs.]
EXOLUTION,See Exsolution. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXOLVE,To loose; to pay. [Obs.]
EXON,A native or inhabitant of Exeter, in England.
EXONERATION,The act of disburdening, discharging, or freeing morally from acharge
or imputation; also, the state of being disburdened or freedfrom a charge.
EXONERATIVE,Freeing from a burden or obligation; tending to exonerate.
EXONERATOR,One who exonerates or frees from obligation.
EXOPHTHALMIA,The protrusion of the eyeball so that the eyelids will notcover it, in
consequence of disease.
EXOPHTHALMIC,Of or pertaining to, or characterized by, exophthalmia.Exophthalmic
golter. Same as Rasedow's disease.
EXOPHTHALMY,Exophthalmia.
EXOPHYLLOUS,Not sheathed in another leaf.
EXOPLASM,See Ectosarc, and Ectoplasm.
EXOPODITE,The external branch of the appendages of Crustacea.
EXOPTABLE,Very desirable. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXOPTILE,A name given by Lestiboudois to dicotyledons; -- so calledbecause the
plumule is naked.
EXORABLE,Capable of being moved by entreaty; pitiful; tender. Milton.
EXORATE,To persuade, or to gain, by entreaty. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXORATION,Entreaty. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
EXORBITANTLY,In an exorbitant, excessive, or irregular manner; enormously.
EXORBITATE,To go out of the track; to deviate. [Obs.] Bentley.
EXORCISER,An exorcist.
EXORDIAL,Pertaining to the exordium of a discourse: introductory.The exordial
paragraph of the second epistle. I. Taylor.
EXORDIUM,A beginning; an introduction; especially, the introductory partof a
discourse or written composition, which prepares the audiencefor the main subject;
the opening part of an oration. "The exordiumof repentance." Jer. Taylor. "Long
prefaces and exordiums. " Addison.
EXORHIZA,A plant Whose radicle is not inclosed or sheathed by thecotyledons or
plumule. Gray.
EXORNATION,Ornament; decoration; embellishment. [Obs.]Hyperbolical
exornations . . . many much affect. Burton.
EXORTIVE,Rising; relating to the east. [R.]
EXOSCULATE,To kiss; especially, to kiss repeatedly or fondly. [Obs.]
EXOSKELETAL,Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as exoskeletal muscles.
EXOSKELETON,The hardened parts of the external integument of an animal,including
hair, feathers, nails, horns, scales, etc.,as well as thearmor of armadillos and
many reptiles, and the shells or hardenedintegument of numerous invertebrates;
external skeleton;dermoskeleton.
EXOSMOSE,The passage of gases, vapors, or liquids thought membranes orporous media
from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; --opposed to endosmose. See
Osmose.
EXOSMOSIS,See Exosmose.
EXOSMOTIC,Pertaining to exosmose.
EXOSPORE,The extreme outer wall of a spore; the epispore.
EXOSSATE,To deprive of bones; to take out the bones of; to bone. [Obs.]Bailey.
EXOSSATION,A depriving of bone or of fruit stones. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXOSSEOUS,Boneless. "Exosseous animals. " Sir T. Browne.
EXOSTOME,The small aperture or foremen in the outer coat of the ovule ofa plant.
EXOSTOSIS,Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an excrescenceor morbid
enlargement of a bone. Coxe.
EXOTERICS,The public lectures or published writings of Aristotle. SeeEsoterics.
EXOTERY,That which is obvious, public, or common.Dealing out exoteries only to the
vulgar. A. Tucker.
EXOTHECA,The tissue which fills the interspaces between the costæ ofmany
madreporarian corals, usually consisting of small transverse oroblique septa.
EXOTHECIUM,The outer coat of the anther.
EXOTHERMIC,Characterized by, or formed with, evolution of heat; as, anexothermic
reaction; -- opposed to endothermic.
EXOTIC,Introduced from a foreign country; not native; extraneous;foreign; as, an
exotic plant; an exotic term or word.Nothing was so splendid and exotic as the
ambassador. Evelyn.
EXOTICAL,Foreign; not native; exotic. [R.] -- Ex*ot"ic*al*ness, n.
EXOTICISM,The state of being exotic; also, anything foreign, as a word oridiom; an
exotic.
EXPAND,To state in enlarged form; to develop; as, to expand anequation. See
Expansion, 5.
EXPANDER,Anything which causes expansion esp. (Mech.) a tool forstretching open or
expanding a tube, etc.
EXPANDING,That expands, or may be expanded; extending; spreading;enlarging.
Expanding bit, Expanding drill (Mech.), a bit or drillmade adjustable for holes of
various sizes; one which can be expandedin diameter while boring.-- Expanding
pulley (Mach.), a pulley so made, as in sections, thatits diameter can be increased
or diminished.
EXPANSE,That which is expanded or spread out; a wide extent of space orbody;
especially, the arch of the sky. "The green expanse." Savage.Lights . . . high in
the expanse of heaven. Milton.The smooth expanse of crystal lakes. Pope.
EXPANSIBILITY,The capacity of being expanded; as, the expansibility of air.
EXPANSIBLE,Capable of being expanded or spread out widely.Bodies are not expansible
in proposition to their weight.Ex*pab"si*ble*ness ,n. -Ex*pan"si*bly ,adv.
EXPANSILE,Expansible.Ether and alcohol are more expansile than water. Brande & C.
EXPANSION,Enlargement or extension of business transaction; esp.,increase of the
circulation of bank notes.
EXPANSIVE,Having a capacity or tendency to expand or dilate; diffusive;of much
expanse; wide-extending; as, the expansive force of heat; theexpansive quality of
air.A more expansive and generous compassion. Eustace.His forehead was broad and
expansive. Prescott.-- Ex*pan"sive*ly, adv. -Ex*pan"sive*ness, n.
EXPANSURE,Expanse. [Obs.] "Night's rich expansure."
EXPATIATE,To expand; to spread; to extend; to diffuse; to broaden.Afford art an
ample field in which to expatiate itself. Dryden.
EXPATIATION,Act of expatiating.
EXPATIATORY,Expansive; diffusive. [R.]
EXPATRIATION,The act of banishing, or the state of banishment; especially,the
forsaking of one's own country with a renunciation of allegiance.Expatriation was a
heavy ransom to pay for the rights of their mindsand souls. Palfrey.
EXPECT,To wait; to stay. [Obs.] Sandys.
EXPECTABLE,That may be expected or looked for. Sir T. Browne.
EXPECTANT,Waiting in expectation; looking for; (Med.)
EXPECTATION,The leaving of the disease principally to the efforts of natureto
effect a cure. Expectation of life, the mean or average durationof the life
individuals after any specified age.
EXPECTATIVE,Constituting an object of expectation; contingent. Expectativegrace, a
mandate given by the pope or a prince appointing a successorto any benefice before
it becomes vacant. Foxe.
EXPECTEDLY,In conformity with expectation. [R.] Walpole.
EXPECTER,One who expects.
EXPECTINGLY,In state of expectation.
EXPECTIVE,Expectative. [R.] Shipley.
EXPECTORANT,Tending to facilitate expectoration or to promote discharges ofmucus,
etc., from the lungs or throat.-- n.
EXPECTORATE,To eject from the trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm orother
matter, by coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit forth.
EXPECTORATIVE,Same as Expectorant. Harvey.
EXPEDE,To expedite; to hasten. [Obs.]
EXPEDIATE,To hasten; to expedite. [Obs.] "To expediate their business."Sir E.
Sandys.
EXPEDIENTIAL,. Governed by expediency; seeking advantage; as an expedientialpolicy.
"Calculating, expediential understanding." Hare.-- Ex*pe`di*en"tial*ly , adv.
EXPEDIMENT,An expedient. [Obs.]A like expediment to remove discontent. Barrow.
EXPEDITATE,To deprive of the claws or the balls of the fore feet; as, toexpeditate
a dog that he may not chase deer.
EXPEDITELY,In expedite manner; expeditiously.
EXPEDITENESS,Quality of being expedite.
EXPEDITIONARY,Of or pertaining to an expedition; as, an expeditionary force.
EXPEDITIONIST,One who goes upon an expedition. [R].
EXPEDITIOUS,Possessed of, or characterized by, expedition, or efficiencyand
rapidity in action; performed with, or acting with, expedition;quick; having
celerity; speedily; as, an expeditious march ormessenger.-- Ex`pe*di"tious*ly,
adv.-- Ex`pe*di"tious*ness, n.
EXPEDITIVE,Performing with speed. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXPELLABLE,Capable of being expelled or driven out. "Expellable by heat."Kirwan.
EXPELLER,One who. or that which, expels.
EXPEND,To lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; touse up or
distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend;as, they expend money for
food or in charity; to expend time labor,and thought; to expend hay in feeding
cattle, oil in a lamp, water inmechanical operations.If my death might make this
island happy . . . I would expend it withall willingness. Shak.
EXPENDITOR,A disburser; especially, one of the disbursers of taxes for therepair of
sewers. Mozley & W.
EXPENSEFULL,Full of expense; costly; chargeable. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.--
Ex*pense"ful*ly, adv. [R.] -- Ex*pense"ful*ness, n. [R.]
EXPENSELESS,Without cost or expense.
EXPERIENCE TABLE,A table of mortality computed from the experience of one ormore
life-insurance companies.
EXPERIENCED,Taught by practice or by repeated observations; skillful orwise by
means of trials, use, or observation; as, an experiencedphysician, workman,
soldier; an experienced eye.The ablest and most experienced statesmen. Bancroft.
EXPERIENT,Experienced. [Obs.]The prince now ripe and full experient. Beau & Fl.
EXPERIENTIAL,Derived from, or pertaining to, experience. Coleridge.It is called
empirical or experiential . . . because it is divan tous by experience or
observation, and not obtained as the result ofinference or reasoning. Sir. W.
Hamiltion.-- Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ly, adv. DR. H. More.
EXPERIENTIALISM,The doctrine that experience, either that ourselves or ofothers, is
the test or criterion of general knowledge; -- opposed
tointuitionists.Experientialism is in short, a philosophical or logical theory, not
aphilosophical one. G. C. Robertson.
EXPERIENTIALIST,One who accepts the doctrine of experientialism. Also
usedadjectively.
EXPERIMENT,To make experiment; to operate by test or trial; -- often withon, upon,
or in, referring to the subject of an experiment; with,referring to the instrument;
and by, referring to the means; as, toexperiment upon electricity; he experimented
in plowing with ponies,or by steam power.
EXPERIMENTALIST,One who makes experiments; an experimenter. Whaterly.
EXPERIMENTALIZE,To make experiments (upon); to experiment. J. S. Mill.
EXPERIMENTALLY,By experiment; by experience or trial. J. S. Mill.
EXPERIMENTARIAN,Relying on experiment or experience. "an
experimentarianphilosopher." Boyle.-- n.
EXPERIMENTATION,The act of experimenting; practice by experiment. J. S. Mill.
EXPERIMENTATIVE,Experimental; of the nature of experiment. [R.]
EXPERIMENTATOR,An experimenter. [R.]
EXPERIMENTER,One who makes experiments; one skilled in experiments. Faraday.
EXPERIMENTIST,An experimenter.
EXPERRECTION,A waking up or arousing. [Obs.] Holland
EXPERT,Taught by use, practice, or experience, experienced; havingfacility of
operation or performance from practice; knowing and readyfrom much practice;
clever; skillful; as, an expert surgeon; expertin chess or archery.A valiant and
most expert gentleman. Shak.What practice, howsoe'er expert In fitting aptest words
to things . .. Hath power to give thee as thou wert Tennison.
EXPERTLY,In a skillful or dexterous manner; adroitly; with readiness andaccuracy.
EXPERTNESS,Skill derived from practice; readiness; as, expertness inseamanship, or
in reasoning.
EXPETIBLE,Worthy of being wished for; desirable. [Obs.] Puller.
EXPIABLE,Capable of being expiated or atoned for; as, an expiableoffense; expiable
guilt. Bp. Hall.
EXPIATE,Terminated. [Obs.] Shak.
EXPIATIST,An expiator. [R.]
EXPIATOR,One who makes expiation or atonement.
EXPIATORIOUS,Of an expiatory nature; expiatory. Jer. Taylor.
EXPIATORY,Having power, or intended, to make expiation; atoning; as, anexpiatory
sacrifice.
EXPILATION,The act of expilating or stripping off; plunder; pillage.[Obs.]This
ravenous expiation of the state. Daniel.
EXPILATOR,One who pillages; a plunderer; a pillager. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
EXPIRABLE,That may expire; capable of being brought to an end.
EXPIRANT,One who expires or is expiring.
EXPIRATION,The act or process of breathing out, or forcing air from thelungs
through the nose or mouth; as, respiration consists ofinspiration and expiration;
-- opposed to Ant: inspiration.(b) Emission of volatile matter; exhalation.The true
cause of cold is an expiration from the globe of the earth.Bacon.
EXPIRATORY,Pertaining to, or employed in, the expiration or emission ofair from the
lungs; as, the expiratory muscles.
EXPIRY,Expiration.He had to leave at the expiry of the term. Lamb.The
Parliament . . . now approaching the expiry of its legal term. J.Morley.
EXPISCATE,To fish out; to find out by skill or laborious investigation;to search
out. "To expiscate principles." [R.] Nichol.Dr.Burton has with much ingenuity
endeavord to expiscate the truthwhich may be involved in them. W. L. Alexander.
EXPISCATION,The act of expiscating; a fishing. [R.] Chapman.
EXPISCATORY,Tending to fish out; searching out [R.] Carlyle.
EXPLAIN,To give an explanation.
EXPLAINABLE,Capable of being explained or made plain to the understanding;capable
of being interpreted. Sir. T. Browne.
EXPLAINER,One who explains; an expounder or expositor; a commentator;
aninterpreter.
EXPLANATE,Spreading or extending outwardly in a flat form.
EXPLANATIVE,Explanatory.
EXPLANATORINESS,The quality of being explanatory.
EXPLANATORY,Serving to explain; containing explanation; as explanatorynotes. Swift.
EXPLETION,Accomplishment; fulfillment. [Obs.] Killingbeck.
EXPLETIVE,Filling up; hence, added merely for the purpose of filling
up;superfluous. "Expletive imagery." Hallam.Expletive phrases to plump his speech.
Barrow.
EXPLETIVELY,In the manner of an expletive.
EXPLETORY,Serving to fill up; expletive; superfluous; as, an expletoryword. Bp.
Burnet.
EXPLICABLE,Capable of being explicated; that may be explained or accountedfor;
admitting explanation.It is not explicable upon any grounds. Burke.
EXPLICABLENESS,Quality of being explicable.
EXPLICATE,Evolved; unfolded. Jer. Taylor.
EXPLICATIVE,Serving to unfold or explain; tending to lay open to theunderstanding;
explanatory. Sir W. Hamilton.
EXPLICATOR,One who unfolds or explains; an expounder; an explainer.
EXPLICATORY,Explicative. Barrow.
EXPLICIT,A word formerly used (as finis is now) at the conclusion of abook to
indicate the end.
EXPLICITLY,In an explicit manner; clearly; plainly; without disguise orreservation
of meaning; not by inference or implication; as, heexplicitly avows his intention.
EXPLICITNESS,The quality of being explicit; clearness; directness. Jer.Taylor.
EXPLOIT,To utilize; to make available; to get the value or usefulnessout of; as, to
exploit a mine or agricultural lands; to exploitpublic opinion. [Recent]
EXPLOITATION,The act of exploiting or utilizing. J. D. Whitney.
EXPLORABLE,That may be explored; as, an explorable region.
EXPLORATE,To explore. [Obs.] Sir. T. Browne.
EXPLORATION,The act of exploring, penetrating, or ranging over for purposesof
discovery, especially of geographical discovery; examination; as,the exploration of
unknown countries; (Med.)
EXPLORATIVE,Exploratory.
EXPLORATOR,One who explores; one who examines closely; a searcher.
EXPLORATORY,Serving or intended to explore; searching; examining;explorative. Sir
H. Wotton.
EXPLOREMENT,The act of exploring; exploration. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
EXPLORER,One who explores; also, an apparatus with which one explores,as a diving
bell.
EXPLORING,Employed in, or designed for, exploration. "Exploring parties."Bancroft.
EXPLOSIVE,Driving or bursting out with violence and noise; causingexplosion; as,
the explosive force of gunpowder.
EXPLOSIVELY,In an explosive manner.
EXPOLIATION,See Exspoliation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
EXPOLISH,To polish thoroughly. [Obs.] Heywood.
EXPONE,To expound; to explain; also, to expose; to imperil. [Old Eng.& Scotch]
Drummond.
EXPONENT,A number, letter, or any quantity written on the right hand ofand above
another quantity, and denoting how many times the latter isrepeated as a factor to
produce the power indicated;
EXPONENTIAL,Pertaining to exponents; involving variable exponents; as,
anexponential expression; exponential calculus; an exponentialfunction. Exponential
curve, a curve whose nature is defined by meansof an exponential equation.--
Exponential equation, an equation which contains an exponentialquantity, or in
which the unknown quantity enters as an exponent.-- Exponential quantity (Math.), a
quantity whose exponent isunknown or variable, as ax.-- Exponential series, a
series derived from the development ofexponential equations or quantities.
EXPORTABILITY,The quality or state of being suitable for exportation.To increase
the exportability of native goods. J. P. Peters.
EXPORTABLE,Suitable for exportation; as, exportable products.
EXPORTER,One who exports; the person who sends goods or commodities to aforeign
country, in the way of commerce; -- opposed to importer.
EXPOSAL,Exposure. Swift.
EXPOSE,A formal recital or exposition of facts; exposure, orrevelation, of
something which some one wished to keep concealed.
EXPOSEDNESS,The state of being exposed, laid open, or unprotected; as,
anexposedness to sin or temptation.
EXPOSER,One who exposes or discloses.
EXPOSITIVE,Serving to explain; expository. Bp. Pearson.
EXPOSITOR,One who, or that which, expounds or explains; an expounder; acommentator.
Bp. Horsley.
EXPOSITORY,Pertaining to, or containing, exposition; serving to
explain;explanatory; illustrative; exegetical.A glossary or expository index to the
poetical writers. Johnson.
EXPOSTULATE,To reason earnestly with a person on some impropriety of hisconduct,
representing the wrong he has done or intends, and urginghim to make redress or to
desist; to remonstrate; -- followed bywith.Men expostulate with erring friends;
they bring accusations againstenemies who have done them a wrong. Jowett (Thuc. ).
EXPOSTULATION,The act of expostulating or reasoning with a person inopposition to
some impropriety of conduct; remonstrance; earnest andkindly protest; dissuasion.We
must use expostulation kindly. Shak.
EXPOSTULATOR,One who expostulates. Lamb.
EXPOSTULATORY,Containing expostulation or remonstrance; as, an
expostulatorydiscourse or letter.
EXPOSTURE,Exposure. [Obs.] Shak.
EXPOSURE,The exposing of a sensitized plate to the action of light.
EXPOUNDER,One who expounds or explains; an interpreter.
EXPRESS RIFLE,A sporting rifle for use at short ranges, employing a largecharge of
powder and a light (short) bullet, giving a high initialvelocity and consequently a
flat trajectory. It is usually ofmoderately large caliber.
EXPRESS TRAIN,Formerly, a railroad train run expressly for the occasion; aspecial
train; now, a train run at express or special speed andmaking few stops.
EXPRESSAGE,The charge for carrying a parcel by express.
EXPRESSIBLE,Capable of being expressed, squeezed out, shown, represented,or
uttered.-- Express"i*bly,adv.
EXPRESSION,The representation of any quantity by its appropriatecharacters or
signs. Past expression, Beyond expression, beyond thepower of description. "Beyond
expression bright." Milton.
EXPRESSIONAL,Of, or relating to, expression; phraseological; also,
vividlyrepresenting or suggesting an idea sentiment. Fized. Hall. Ruskin.
EXPRESSIONLESS,Destitute of expression.
EXPRESSLY,In an express manner; in direct terms; with distinct
purpose;particularly; as, a book written expressly for the young.The word of the
Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel. Ezek. i. 3.I am sent expressly to your lordship.
Shak.
EXPRESSMAN,A person employed in the express business; also, the driver ofa job
wagon. W. D. Howells.
EXPRESSNESS,The state or quality of being express; definiteness. [Obs.]Hammond.
EXPRESSURE,The act of expressing; expression; utterance; representation.[Obs.]An
operation more divine Than breath or pen can give expressure to.Shak.
EXPROBRATE,To charge upon with reproach; to upbraid. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
EXPROBRATION,Reproachful accusation; upbraiding. [Obs.]A fearful exprobration of
our unworthiness. Jer. Taylor.
EXPROPRIATE,To put out of one's possession; to surrender the ownership of;also, to
deprive of possession or proprietary rights. Boyle.Expropriate these [bad
landlords] as the monks were expropriated byAct of Parliament. M. Arnold.
EXPROPRIATION,The act of expropriating; the surrender of a claim to
exclusiveproperty; the act of depriving of ownership or proprietary rights.
W.Montagu.The expropriation of bad landlords. M. Arnold.
EXPUGN,To take by assault; to storm; to overcome; to vanquish; as, toexpugn cities;
to expugn a person by arguments.
EXPUGNABLE,Capable of being expugnded.
EXPUGNATION,The act of taking by assault; conquest. [R.] Sandys.
EXPUGNER,One who expugns.
EXPULSE,To drive out; to expel. [Obs.]If charity be thus excluded and expulsed.
Milton.
EXPULSER,An expeller. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
EXPULSIVE,Having the power of driving out or away; serving to expel.The expulsive
power of a new affection. Chalmers.
EXPUNCTION,The act of expunging or erasing; the condition of beingexpunged. Milton.
EXPURGATE,To purify; to clear from anything noxious, offensive, orerroneous; to
cleanse; to purge; as, to expurgate a book.
EXPURGATION,The act of expurgating, purging, or cleansing; purificationfrom
anything noxious, offensive, sinful, or erroneous. Milton.
EXPURGATOR,One who expurgates or purifies.
EXPURGATORIAL,Tending or serving to expurgate; expurgatory. Milman.
EXPURGATORIOUS,Expurgatory. [Obs.] "Expurgatorious indexes." Milton.
EXPURGATORY,Serving to purify from anything noxious or erroneous;cleansing;
purifying. "Expurgatory animadversions." Sir T. Browne.Expurgatory Index. See Index
Expurgatorius, under Index.
EXPURGE,To purge away. [Obs.] Milton.
EXQUIRE,To search into or out. [Obs.] Chapman.
EXQUISITE,One who manifests an exquisite attention to externalappearance; one who
is overnice in dress or ornament; a fop; a dandy.
EXQUISITELY,In an exquisite manner or degree; as, lace exquisitely wrought.To a
sensitive observer there was something exquisitely painful init. Hawthorne.
EXQUISITENESS,Quality of being exquisite.
EXQUISITIVE,Eager to discover or learn; curious. [Obs.] Todd.-- Ex*quis"i*tive*ly,
adv. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
EXSANGUINE,Bloodless. [R.]
EXSANGUINEOUS,Destitute of blood; anæmic; exsanguious.
EXSANGUINITY,Privation or destitution of blood; -- opposed to plethora.Dunglison.
EXSANGUINOUS,See Exsanguious.
EXSANGUIOUS,Destitute of true, or red, blood, as insects.
EXSCIND,To cut off; to separate or expel from union; to extirpate.Barrow.The second
presbytery of Philadelphia was also exscinded by thatAssembly. Am. Cyc.
EXSCRIBE,To copy; to transcribe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
EXSCRIPT,A copy; a transcript. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXSCRIPTURAL,Not in accordance with the doctrines of Scripture;unscriptural.
EXSCUTELLATE,Without, or apparently without, a scutellum; -- said of
certaininsects.
EXSECT,The removal by operation of a portion of a limb; particularly,the removal of
a portion of a bone in the vicinity of a joint; theact or process of cutting out.
EXSERTILE,Capable of being thrust out or protruded. J. Fleming.
EXSICCANT,Having the quality of drying up; causing a drying up.-- n. (Med.)
EXSICCATE,To exhaust or evaporate moisture from; to dry up. Sir T.Browne.
EXSICCATION,The act of operation of drying; evaporation or expulsion ofmoisture;
state of being dried up; dryness. Sir T. Browne.
EXSICCATIVE,Tending to make dry; having the power of drying.
EXSICCATOR,An apparatus for drying substances or preserving them frommoisture; a
desiccator; also, less frequently, an agent employed toabsorb moisture, as calcium
chloride, or concentrated sulphuric acid.
EXSILIENCY,A leaping out. [R.] Latham.
EXSOLUTION,Relaxation. [R.] Richardson (Dict. ).
EXSPOLIATION,Spoliation. [Obs. or R.] Bp. Hall.
EXSPUITION,A discharge of saliva by spitting. [R.] E. Darwin.
EXSPUTORY,Spit out, or as if spit out. "Exsputory lines." Cowper.
EXSTIPULATE,Having no stipules. Martyn.
EXSTROPHY,The eversion or turning out of any organ, or of its innersurface; as,
exstrophy of the eyelid or of the bladder.
EXSUCCOUS,Destitute of juice; dry; sapless. Latham.
EXSUCTION,The act of sucking out.
EXSUDATION,Exudation.
EXSUFFLATE,To exorcise or renounce by blowing.
EXSUFFLATION,A kind of exorcism by blowing with the breath. Jer. Taylor.
EXSUFFLICATE,Empty; frivolous. [A Shakespearean word only once used.]Such
exsufflicate and blown surmises. Shak. (Oth. iii. 3, 182).
EXSUSCITATE,To rouse; to excite. [Obs.] Johnson.
EXSUSCITATION,A stirring up; a rousing. [Obs.] Hallywell.
EXTACY,See Ecstasy. [Obs.]
EXTANCE,Outward existence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXTANCY,The state of rising above others; a projection. Evelyn. Boyle.
EXTASY,See Ecstasy, n. & v. t.
EXTATIC,See Ecstatic, a.
EXTEMPORAL,Extemporaneous; unpremeditated. [Obs.] B. Jonson.-- Ex*tem"po*ral*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
EXTEMPORANEAN,Extemporaneous. [Obs] Burton.
EXTEMPORANEOUS,Composed, performed, or uttered on the spur of the moment, orwithout
previous study; unpremeditated; off-hand; extempore;extemporary; as, an
extemporaneous address or production.-- Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.--
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness,n.
EXTEMPORARILY,Extemporaneously.
EXTEMPORE,Without previous study or meditation; without preparation; onthe spur of
the moment; suddenly; extemporaneously; as, to write orspeak extempore. Shak.-- a.
EXTEMPORINESS,The quality of being done or devised extempore [Obs.] Johnson.
EXTEMPORIZATION,The act of extemporizing; the act of doing anything extempore.
EXTEMPORIZE,To speak extempore; especially, to discourse without
specialpreparation; to make an offhand address.
EXTEMPORIZER,One who extemporizes.
EXTEND,To value, as lands taken by a writ of extent in satisfaction ofa debt; to
assign by writ of extent. Extended letter (Typog.), aletter, or style of type,
having a broader face than is usual for aletter or type of the same height.
EXTENDANT,Displaced. Ogilvie.
EXTENDEDLY,In an extended manner.
EXTENDER,One who, or that which, extends or stretches anything.
EXTENDIBLE,Liable to be taken by a writ of extent.
EXTENDLESSNESS,Unlimited extension. [Obs.]An . . . extendlessness of excursions.
Sir. M. Hale.
EXTENSE,Outreaching; expansive; extended, superficially or otherwise.Men and gods
are too extense; Could you slacken and condense Emerson.
EXTENSIBILITY,The quality of being extensible; the capacity of beingextended; as,
the extensibility of a fiber, or of a plate of metal.
EXTENSIBLE,Capable of being extended, whether in length or breadth;susceptible of
enlargement; extensible; extendible; -- the oppositeof contractible or
compressible. "An extensible membrane" Holder.
EXTENSIBLENESS,Extensibility.
EXTENSILE,Suited for, or capable of, extension; extensible. Owen.
EXTENSION,That property of a body by which it occupies a portion ofspace.
EXTENSIONAL,Having great extent.
EXTENSIONIST,One who favors or advocates extension.
EXTENSIVELY,To a great extent; widely; largely; as, a story is
extensivelycirculated.
EXTENSIVENESS,The state of being extensive; wideness; largeness;
extent;diffusiveness.
EXTENSOMETER,An instrument for measuring the extension of a body, especiallyfor
measuring the elongation of bars of iron, steel, or othermaterial, when subjected
to a tensile force.
EXTENSOR,A muscle which serves to extend or straighten any part of thebody, as an
arm or a finger; -- opposed to flexor.
EXTENSURE,Extension. [R.] Drayton.
EXTENT,Extended. [Obs.] Spenser.
EXTENUATE,To become thinner; to make excuses; to advance palliatingconsiderations.
Burke.
EXTENUATION,The act of axtenuating or the state of being extenuated; theact of
making thin, slender, or lean, or of palliating; diminishing,or lessening;
palliation, as of a crime; mitigation, as ofpunishment.To listen . . . to every
extenuation of what is evil. I. Taylor.
EXTENUATOR,One who extenuates.
EXTENUATORY,Tending to extenuate or palliate. Croker.
EXTERIORITY,Surface; superficies; externality.
EXTERIORLY,Outwardly; externally; on the exterior. Shak.They are exteriorly
lifelike. J. H. Morse.
EXTERMINATE,To eliminate, as unknown quantities. [R.]
EXTERMINATION,Elimination. [R.]
EXTERMINATOR,One who, or that which, exterminates. Buckle.
EXTERMINATORY,Of or pertaining to extermination; tending to
exterminate."Exterminatory war." Burke.
EXTERMINE,To exterminate; to destroy. [Obs.] Shak.
EXTERN,External; outward; not inherent. [Obs.] Shak.
EXTERNAL,Away from the mesial plane of the body; lateral. Externalangles. (Geom.)
See under Angle.
EXTERNALISM,That philosophy or doctrine which recognizes or deals only
withexternals, or objects of sense perception; positivism; phenomenalism.
EXTERNALISTIC,Pertaining to externalism North Am. Rev.
EXTERNALITY,State of being external; exteriority; (Metaph.)
EXTERNALIZE,To make external; to manifest by outward form.Thought externalizes
itself in language. Soyce.
EXTERNALLY,In an external manner; outwardly; on the outside; inappearance; visibly.
EXTERNE,An officer in attendance upon a hospital, but not residing init; esp., one
who cares for the out-patients.
EXTERRANEOUS,Foreign; belonging to, or coming from, abroad.
EXTERRITORIAL,Beyond the territorial limits; foreign to, or exempt from,
theterritorial jurisdiction.-- Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#),adv.
EXTERSION,The act of wiping or rubbing out. [Obs.]
EXTILL,To drop or distill. [Obs.] Johnson.
EXTILLATION,Distillation. [Obs.]An exudation or extillation of petrifying juices.
Derham.
EXTIMULATE,To stimulate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXTIMULATION,Stimulation. [Obs.]Things insipid, and without any extimulation.
Bacon.
EXTINCT,To cause to be extinct. [Obs.] Shak.
EXTINE,The outer membrane of the grains of pollen of flowering plants.
EXTINGUISHABLE,Capable of being quenched, destroyed, or suppressed.
EXTINGUISHER,One who, or that which, extinguishes; esp., a hollow cone orother
device for extinguishing a flame, as of a torch or candle.
EXTINGUISHMENT,The annihilation or extinction of a right or obligation.Abbott.
EXTIRP,To extirpate. [Obs.]It is impossible to extirp it quite, friar. Shak.
EXTIRPABLE,Capable of being extirpated or eradicated; as, an extirpableplant.
Evelyn.
EXTIRPATE,To pluck up by the stem or root; to root out; to eradicate,literally or
figuratively; to destroy wholly; as, to extirpate weeds;to extirpate a tumor; to
extirpate a sect; to extirpate error orheresy.
EXTIRPATION,The act of extirpating or rooting out, or the state of beingextirpated;
eradication; excision; total destruction; as, theextirpation of weeds from land, of
evil from the heart, of a race ofmen, of heresy.
EXTIRPATIVE,Capable of rooting out, or tending to root out. Cheyne.
EXTIRPATOR,One who extirpates or roots out; a destroyer.
EXTIRPATORY,Extirpative.
EXTIRPER,Extirpator. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXTISPICIOUS,Relating to the inspection of entrails for prognostication.[Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
EXTOGENOUS,Exogenous.
EXTOLLER,One who extols; one who praises.
EXTOLMENT,Praise. [Obs.] Shak.
EXTORSIVE,Serving or tending to extort. [R.] Johnson.-- Ex*tor"sive*ly, adv. [R.]
EXTORT,To get by the offense of extortion. See Extortion, 2.
EXTORTER,One who practices extortion.
EXTORTION,The offense committed by an officer who corruptly claims andtakes, as his
fee, money, or other thing of value, that is not due,or more than is due, or before
it is due. Abbott.
EXTORTIONARY,Extortionate.
EXTORTIONATE,Characterized by extortion; oppressive; hard.
EXTORTIONER,, One who practices extortion.
EXTORTIOUS,Extortionate. [Obs.] "Extortious cruelties." Bp. Hall --Ex*tor"tious*ly,
adv. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXTRA,Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; additional;supernumerary;
also, extraordinarily good; superior; as, extra work;extra pay. "By working extra
hours." H. Spencer.
EXTRA-,A Latin preposition, denoting beyond, outside of; -- often usedin
composition as a prefix signifying outside of, beyond, besides, orin addition to
what is denoted by the word to which it is prefixed.
EXTRA-OCULAR,Inserted exterior to the eyes; -- said of the antennæ ofcertain
insects.
EXTRA-OFFICIAL,Not prescribed by official duty.
EXTRA-UTERINE,Outside of the uterus, or womb. Extra-uterine pregnancy (Med.),a
condition of pregnancy in which the fetus is not in the uterus, butin the Fallopian
tube or in the abdominal cavity.
EXTRAARTICULAR,Situated outside of a joint.
EXTRABRANCHIAL,Outside of the branchial arches; -- said of the cartilages
thusplaced in some fishes.
EXTRACAPSULAR,Situated outside of a capsule, esp. outside the capsularligament of a
joint.
EXTRACT,A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of adrug, etc., or
the fresh juice of a plant; -- distinguished from anabstract. See Abstract, n., 4.
EXTRACTIFORM,Having the form, appearance, or nature, of an extract.
EXTRACTOR,One who, or that which, extracts; as:(a) (Surg.) A forceps or instrument
for extracting substances.(b) (Breech-loading Firearms) A device for withdrawing a
cartridge orspent cartridge shell from the chamber of the barrel.
EXTRADICTIONARY,Consisting not in words, but in realities. [Obs.]Of these
extradictionary and real fallacies, Aristotle and logiciansmake in number six. Sir
T. Browne.
EXTRADITE,To deliver up by one government to another, as a fugitive fromjustice.
See Extradition.
EXTRADITION,The surrender or delivery of an alleged criminal by one Stateor
sovereignty to another having jurisdiction to try charge.
EXTRADOS,The exterior curve of an arch; esp., the upper curved face ofthe whole
body of voussoirs. See Intrados.
EXTRADOTAL,Forming no part of the dowry; as, extradotal property.
EXTRAFOLIACEOUS,Away from the leaves, or inserted in a different place fromthem;
as, extrafoliaceous prickles. Loudon.
EXTRAFORANEOUS,Pertaining to that which is out of doors. "Extr occupations."Cowper.
EXTRAGENEOUS,Belonging to another race or kind.
EXTRAJUDICIAL CONVEYANCE,A conveyance, as by deed, effected by the act of the
partiesand not involving, as in the fine and recovery, judicial proceedings.
EXTRAJUDICIAL,Out of or beyond the proper authority of a court or judge;beyond
jurisdiction; not legally required. "An extrajudicialopinion." Hallam.--
Ex`tra*ju*di"cial*ly, adv.
EXTRALIMITARY,Being beyond the limit or bounds; as, extraliminary land.Mitford.
EXTRALOGICAL,Lying outside of the domain of logic.-- Ex`tra*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
EXTRAMISSION,A sending out; emission. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXTRAMUNDANE,Beyond the material world. "An extramundane being." Bp.Warburton.
EXTRAMURAL,Outside of the walls, as of a fortified or walled city.
EXTRANEITY,State of being without or beyond a thing; foreignness. [Obs.]
EXTRANEOUS,Not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing; without or beyonda thing;
not essential or intrinsic; foreign; as, to separate goldfrom extraneous
matter.Nothing is admitted extraneous from the indictment. Landor.--
Ex*tra"ne*ous*ly, adv.
EXTRAORDINARILY,In an extraordinary manner or degree.
EXTRAORDINARINESS,The quality of being extraordinary. [R.] Gov. of the Tongue.
EXTRAORDINARY,That which is extraordinary; -- used especially in the plural;as,
extraordinaries excepted, there is nothing to prevent success.Their extraordinary
did consist especially in the matter of prayersand devotions. Jer. Taylor.
EXTRAPAROCHIAL,Beyond the limits of a parish.-- Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al*ly, adv.
EXTRAPHYSICAL,Not subject to physical laws or methods.
EXTRAPROFESSIONAL,Foreign to a profession; not within the ordinary limits
ofprofessional duty or business.
EXTRAPROVINCIAL,Not within of pertaining to the same province or
jurisdiction.Ayliffe.
EXTRAREGULAR,Not comprehended within a rule or rules. Jer. Taylor.
EXTRASTAPEDIAL,Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which, inmany
animals, projects beyond the connection with the stapes.-- n.
EXTRATERRITORIAL,Beyond the limits of a territory or particular
jurisdiction;exterritorial.-- Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#), adv.
EXTRATERRITORIALITY,The state of being beyond the limits of a particular
territory;esp. (Internat. Law),
EXTRATROPICAL,Beyond or outside of the tropics. Whewell.
EXTRAUGHT,Extracted; descended. [Obs.]Knowing whence thou art extraught Shak.
EXTRAVAGANCY,Extravagance.
EXTRAVAGANT,Certain constitutions or decretal epistles, not at firstincluded with
others, but subsequently made a part of the canon law.
EXTRAVAGANTLY,In an extravagant manner; wildly; excessively; profusely.
EXTRAVAGANTNESS,The state of being extravagant or in excess; excess;extravagance.
EXTRAVAGATE,To rove. Bp. Warburton.
EXTRAVAGATION,A wandering beyond limits; excess. [Obs.] Smollett.
EXTRAVASATE,To force or let out of the proper vessels or arteries, asblood.
EXTRAVASATION,The act of forcing or letting out of its proper vessels orducts, as a
fluid; effusion; as, an extravasation of blood after arupture of the vessels.
EXTRAVENATE,Let out of the veins. [Obs.] "Extravenate blood." Glanvill.
EXTRAVERSION,The act of throwing out; the state of being turned or thrownout.
[Obs.] Boyle.
EXTREAT,Extraction. [Obs.] Spenser.
EXTREME,Extended or contracted as much as possible; -- said ofintervals; as, an
extreme sharp second; an extreme flat forth.Extreme and mean ratio (Geom.), the
relation of a line and itssegments when the line is so divided that the whole is to
the greatersegment is to the less.-- Extreme distance. (Paint.) See Distance., n.,
6.-- Extreme unction. See under Unction.
EXTREMELESS,Having no extremes; infinite.
EXTREMELY,In an extreme manner or state; in the utmost degree; to theutmost point;
exceedingly; as, extremely hot or cold.
EXTREMIST,A supporter of extreme doctrines or practice; one who holdsextreme
opinions.
EXTREMITY,One of locomotive appendages of an animal; a limb; a leg or anarm of man.
EXTRICABLE,Capable of being extricated. Sir W. Jones.
EXTRINSIC,Attached partly to an organ or limb and partly to some
otherpartintrinsic.
EXTRINSICAL,Extrinsic.-- Ex*trin"sic*al*ly(#), adv.
EXTROITIVE,Seeking or going out after external objects. [R.]Their natures being
almost wholly extroitive. Coleridge.
EXTRORSAL,Extrorse.
EXTRORSE,Facing outwards, or away from the axis of growth; -- said esp.of anthers
occupying the outer side of the filament.
EXTROVERSION,The condition of being turned wrong side out; as, extroversionof the
bladder. Dunglison.
EXTRUCT,To construct. [Obs.] Byrom.
EXTRUCTION,A building up; construction. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXTRUCTIVE,Constructive. [Obs.] Fulke.
EXTRUCTOR,A builder. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXTRUDE,To thrust out; to force, press, or push out; to expel; to driveoff or away.
"Parentheses thrown into notes or extruded to themargin." Coleridge.
EXTRUSION,The act of thrusting or pushing out; a driving out; expulsion.
EXTRUSIVE,Forced out at the surface; as, extrusive rocks; -- contrastedwith
intrusive.
EXTUBERANCE,A swelling or rising; protuberance. [R.] Moxon.
EXTUBERANCY,Extuberance. [R.]
EXTUBERANT,Swollen out; protuberant. [R.] "Extuberant lips." Gayton.
EXTUBERATE,To swell out. [Obs.] Cockeram.
EXTUBERATION,Protuberance. [Obs.] Farindon.
EXTUMESCENCE,A swelling or rising. [R.] Cotgrave.
EXUBERANCE,The state of being exuberant; an overflowing quantity; acopious or
excessive production or supply; superabundance; richness;as, an exuberance of joy,
of fancy, or of foliage.
EXUBERANCY,, . Exuberance.
EXUBERANT,Characterized by abundance or superabundance; plenteous;
rich;overflowing; copious or excessive in production; as, exuberantgoodness; an
exuberant intellect; exuberant foliage. "Exuberantspring." Thomson.--
Ex*u"ber*ant*ly, adv.
EXUBERATE,To abound; to be in great abundance. [Obs.] Boyle.
EXUCCOUS,See Exsuccous. [Obs.]
EXUDATE,To exude. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
EXUDATION,The act of exuding; sweating; a discharge of humors, moisture,juice, or
gum, as through pores or incisions; also, the substanceexuded.Resins, a class of
proximate principles, existing in almost allplants and appearing on the external
surface of many of them in theform of exudations. Am. Cyc.
EXUDE,To discharge through pores or incisions, as moisture or otherliquid matter;
to give out.Our forests exude turpentine in . . . abundance. Dr. T. Dwight.
EXULCERATE,Very sore; ulcerated. [Obs.] Bacon.
EXULCERATIVE,Tending to cause ulcers; exulceratory. Holland.
EXULCERATORY,Having a tendency to form ulcers; rendering ulcerous.
EXULT,To be in high spirits; figuratively, to leap for joy; torejoice in triumph or
exceedingly; to triumph; as, an exulting heart."An exulting countenance."
Bancroft.The dumb shall sing, the lame his crutch forego, And leap exultinglike the
bounding roe. Pope.
EXULTANT,Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation;rejoicing
triumphantly.Break away, exultant, from every defilement. I. Tay;or.
EXULTATION,The act of exulting; lively joy at success or victory, or atany
advantage gained; rapturous delight; triumph.His bosom swelled with exultation.
Prescott.
EXULTING,Rejoicing triumphantly or exceedingly; exultant.-- Ex*ult"ing*ly, adv.
EXUNDATE,To overflow; to inundate. [Obs.] Bailey.
EXUNDATION,An overflow, or overflowing abundance. [R.] Ray.
EXUNGULATE,To pare off, as nails, the hoof, etc. [R.]
EXUPERABLE,Surmountable; superable. [Obs.] Johnson.
EXUPERANCE,Superiority; superfluity. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
EXUPERANT,Surpassing; exceeding; surmounting. [Obs.]
EXUPERATE,To excel; to surmount. [Obs.]
EXUPERATION,The act of rising or coming into view. [Obs.] Baxter.
EXURGENT,Arising; coming to light. [Obs.]
EXUSCITATE,See Exsuscitate [Obs.] T. Adams.
EXUSTION,The act or operation of burning up. Bailey.
EXUTORY,An issue.
EXUVIA,n. sing. of Exuviæ.
EXUVIABILITY,Capability of shedding the skin periodically. Craig.
EXUVIABLE,Capable of being cast off in the form of exuviæ.
EXUVIAE,Cast skins, shells, or coverings of animals; any parts ofanimals which are
shed or cast off, as the skins of snakes, theshells of lobsters, etc.
EXUVIAL,Of or pertaining to exuviæ. "Exuvial layers." "Exuvialdeposits."
EXUVIATE,To shed an old covering or condition preliminary to taking on anew one; to
molt.There is reason to suppose that very old crayfish do not exuviateevery year.
Huxley.
EXUVIATION,The rejecting or casting off of some part, more particularly,the outer
cuticular layer, as the shells of crustaceans, skins ofsnakes, etc.; molting;
ecdysis.
EY,An island. [Obs.]
EYALET,Formerly, one of the administrative divisions or provinces ofthe Ottoman
Empire; -- now called a vilayet.
EYAS,A nesting or unfledged Lird; in falconry, a young hawk from thenest, not able
to pr Shak J. H. Walsh
EYASMUSKET,An unfledged or young male sparrow hawk. [Obs.] Shak.
EYE OPENER,That which makes the eyes open, as startling news oroccurrence, or (U.
S. Slang), a drink of liquor, esp. the first onein the morning.
EYE,A brood; as, an eye of pheasants.
EYE-MINDED,Having one's mental imagery prevailingly of the visual type;having one's
thoughts and memories mainly in the form of visualimages. -- Eye"-mind`ed*ness, n.
EYEBALL,The ball or globe of the eye.
EYEBAR,A bar with an eye at one or both ends.
EYEBEAM,A glance of the eye. Shak.
EYEBOLT,A bolt which a looped head, or an opening in the head.
EYEBRIGHT,A small annual plant (Euphrasia officinalis), formerly muchused as a
remedy for diseases of the eye.
EYEBROW,The brow or hairy arch above the eye. Shak.
EYECUP,A small oval porcelain or glass cup, having a rim curved to fitthe orbit of
the eye. it is used in the application of liquidremedies to eyes; -- called also
eyeglass.
EYED,Heaving (such or so many) eyes; -- used in composition; assharp-eyed; dull-
eyed; sad-eyed; ox-eyed Juno; myriad-eyed.
EYEDROP,A tear. [Poetic] Shak.
EYEFLAP,A blinder on a horse's bridle.
EYEFUL,Filling or satisfying the eye; visible; remarkable. [Obs.]"Eyeful trophies."
Chapman.
EYEGLANCE,A glance of eye.
EYEHOLE,A circular opening to recive a hook, cord, ring, or rope; aneyelet.
EYELESS,Without eyes; blind. "Eyeless rage." Shak.
EYELETEER,A small, sharp-pointed instrument used in piercing eyeletholes; a
stiletto.
EYELID,The cover of the eye; that portion of movable skin with whichan animal
covers or uncovers the eyeball at pleasure.
EYEN,Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
EYEPIECE,The lens, or combination of lenses, at the eye end of atelescope or other
optical instrument, through which the image formedby the mirror or object glass is
viewed. Collimating eyepiece. Seeunder Collimate.-- Negative, or Huyghenian,
eyepiece, an eyepiece consisting of twoplano-convex lenses with their curved
surfaces turned toward theobject glass, and separated from each other by about half
the sum oftheir focal distances, the image viewed by the eye being formedbetween
the two lenses. it was devised by Huyghens, who applied it tothe telescope. Campani
applied it to the microscope, whence it issometimes called Campani's eyepiece.--
Positive eyepiece, an eyepiece consisting of two plano-convexlenses placed with
their curved surfaces toward each other, andseparated by a distance somewhat less
than the focal distance of theone nearest eye, the image of the object viewed being
beyond bothlenses; -- called also, from the name of the inventor,
Ramsden'seyepiece.-- terrestrial, or Erecting eyepiece, an eyepiece used in
telescopesfor viewing terrestrial objects, consisting of three, or usuallyfour,
lenses, so arranged as to present the image of the objectviewed in an erect
position.
EYER,One who eyes another. Gayton.
EYEREACH,The range or reach of the eye; eyeshot. "A seat in eyereach ofhim." B.
Jonson.
EYESALVE,Ointment for the eye.
EYESERVANT,A servant who attends faithfully to his duty only when watched.
EYESERVICE,Service performed only under inspection, or the eye of anemployer.Not
with eyeservice, as menpleasers. Col. iii. 22.
EYESHOT,Range, reach, or glance of the eye; view; sight; as, to be outof eyeshot.
Dryden.
EYESIGHT,Sight of the eye; the sense of seeing; view; observation.Josephus sets
this down from his own eyesight. Bp. Wilkins.
EYESORE,Something offensive to the eye or sight; a blemish.Mordecai was an eyesore
to Haman. L'Estrange.
EYESTALK,One of the movable peduncles which, in the decapod Crustacea,bear the eyes
at the tip.
EYESTONE,Eye agate. See under Eye.
EYESTRING,The tendon by which the eye is moved. Shak.
EYET,An island. See Eyot.
EYETOOTH,A canine tooth of the upper jaw. See Teeth. To cut one'seyeteeth, to
become acute or knowing. [Colloq.]
EYEWASH,See Eyewater.
EYEWATER,A wash or lotion for application to the eyes.
EYEWINK,A wink; a token. Shak.
EYEWINKER,An eyelash. [A child's word.]
EYEWITNESS,One who sees a thing done; one who has ocular view anything.We . . .
were eyewitnesses of his majesty. 2 Pet. i. 16.
EYGHEN,Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EYGHT,An island. See Eyot.
EYLE,To ail. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EYLIAD,See Eiliad.
EYOT,A little island in a river or lake. See Ait. [Written also ait,ayt, eey, eyet,
and eyght.] Blackstone.
EYR,Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.
EYRA,A wild cat (Felis eyra) ranging from southern Brazil to Texas.It is reddish
yellow and about the size of the domestic cat, but witha more slender body and
shorter legs.
EYRE,A journey in circuit of certain judges called justices in eyre(or in itinere).
EYREN,See Ey, an egg.
EYSELL,Same as Eisel. [Obs.] Shak.
F,.
FABACEOUS,Having the nature of a bean; like a bean.
FABELLA,One of the small sesamoid bones situated behind the condyles ofthe femur,
in some mammals.
FABIAN,Of, pertaining to, or in the manner of, the Roman general,Quintus Fabius
Maximus Verrucosus; cautious; dilatory; avoiding adecisive contest. Fabian policy,
a policy like that of FabiusMaximus, who, by carefully avoiding decisive contests,
foiledHannibal, harassing his army by marches, countermarches, andambuscades; a
policy of delays and cautions.
FABLE,To compose fables; hence, to write or speak fiction ; to writeor utter what
is not true. "He Fables not." Shak.Vain now the tales which fabling poets tell.
Prior.He fables, yet speaks truth. M. Arnold.
FABLER,A writer of fables; a fabulist; a dealer in untruths orfalsehoods. Br. Hall.
FABLIAU,One of the metrical tales of the Trouvères, or early poets ofthe north of
France.
FABRIC,To frame; to built; to construct. [Obs.] "Fabric theirmansions." J. Philips.
FABRICANT,One who fabricates; a manufacturer. Simmonds.
FABRICATOR,One who fabricates; one who constructs or makes.The fabricator of the
works of Ossian. Mason.
FABRICATRESS,A woman who fabricates.
FABRILE,Pertaining to a workman, or to work in stone, metal, wood etc.;as, fabrile
skill.
FABULIST,One who invents or writes fables.
FABULIZE,To invent, compose, or relate fables or fictions. G. S. Faber.
FAC,A large ornamental letter used, esp. by the early printers, atthe commencement
of the chapters and other divisions of a book.Brande & C.
FACADE,The front of a building; esp., the principal front, having somearchitectural
pretensions. Thus a church is said to have its facadeunfinished, though the
interior may be in use.
FACE,Ten degrees in extent of a sign of the zodiac. Chaucer.
FACED,Having (such) a face, or (so many) faces; as, smooth-faced,two-faced.
FACET,A smooth circumscribed surface; as, the articular facet of abone.
FACETE,Facetious; witty; humorous. [Archaic] "A facete discourse."Jer. Taylor."How
to interpose" with a small, smart remark, sentiment facete, orunctuous anecdote.
Prof. Wilson.-- Fa*cete"ly, adv.-- Fa*cete"ness, n.
FACETED,Having facets.
FACETIAE,Witty or humorous writings or saying; witticisms; merryconceits.
FACETTE,See Facet, n.
FACEWORK,The material of the outside or front side, as of a wall orbuilding;
facing.
FACIA,See Fascia.
FACIAL,Of or pertaining to the face; as, the facial artery, vein, ornerve.--
Fa"cial*ly, adv. Facial angle (Anat.), the angle, in a skull,included between a
straight line (ab, in the illustrations), from themost prominent part of the
forehead to the front efge of the upperjaw bone, and another (cd) from this point
to the center of theexternal auditory opening. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.
FACIEND,The multiplicand. See Facient,
FACIES,The general aspect or habit of a species, or group of species,esp. with
reference to its adaptation to its environment.
FACILITATE,To make easy or less difficult; to free from difficulty orimpediment; to
lessen the labor of; as, to facilitate the executionof a task.To invite and
facilitate that line of proceeding which the times callfor. I. Taylor.
FACILITATION,The act of facilitating or making easy.
FACING,The finishing of any face of a wall with material differentfrom that of
which it is chiefly composed, or the coating or materialso used.
FACINGLY,In a facing manner or position.
FACINOROUS,Atrociously wicked. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.-- Fa*cin"o*rous*ness, n. [Obs.]
FACOUND,Speech; eloquence. [Obs.]Her facound eke full womanly and plain. Chaucer.
FACSIMILE,A copy of anything made, either so as to be deceptive or so asto give
every part and detail of the original; an exact copy orlikeness. Facsimile
telegraph, a telegraphic apparatus reproducingmessages in autograph.
FACTION,One of the divisions or parties of charioteers (distinguishedby their
colors) in the games of the circus.
FACTIONARY,Belonging to a faction; being a partisan; taking sides. [Obs.]Always
factionary on the party of your general. Shak.
FACTIONER,One of a faction. Abp. Bancroft.
FACTIONIST,One who promotes faction.
FACTITIOUS,Made by art, in distinction from what is produced by nature;artificial;
sham; formed by, or adapted to, an artificial orconventional, in distinction from a
natural, standard or rule; notnatural; as, factitious cinnabar or jewels; a
factitious taste.-- Fac-ti"tious*ly, adv.-- Fac*ti"tious-ness, n.He acquires a
factitious propensity, he forms an incorrigible habit,of desultory reading. De
Quincey.
FACTITIVE,Pertaining to that relation which is proper when the act, as ofa
transitive verb, is not merely received by an object, but producessome change in
the object, as when we say, He made the water wine.Sometimes the idea of activity
in a verb or adjective involves in ita reference to an effect, in the way of
causality, in the activevoice on the immediate objects, and in the passive voice on
thesubject of such activity. This second object is called the factitiveobject. J.
W. Gibbs.
FACTIVE,Making; having power to make. [Obs.] "You are . . . factive,not
destructive." Bacon.
FACTO,In fact; by the act or fact. De facto. (Law) See De facto.
FACTOR,One who transacts business for another; an agent; a substitute;especially, a
mercantile agent who buys and sells goods and transactsbusiness for others in
commission; a commission merchant orconsignee. He may be a home factor or a foreign
factor. He may buyand sell in his own name, and he is intrusted with the possession
andcontrol of the goods; and in these respects he differs from a broker.Story.
Wharton.My factor sends me word, a merchant's fled That owes me for a hundredtun of
wine. Marlowe.
FACTORAGE,The allowance given to a factor, as a compensation for hisservices; --
called also a commission.
FACTORESS,A factor who is a woman. [R.]
FACTORIAL,Related to factorials.
FACTORING,The act of resolving into factors.
FACTORSHIP,The business of a factor.
FACTOTUM,A person employed to do all kinds of work or business. B.Jonson.
FACTUAL,Relating to, or containing, facts. [R.]
FACTUM,A man's own act and deed; particularly:(a) (Civil Law) Anything stated and
made certain.(b) (Testamentary Law) The due execution of a will,
includingeverything necessary to its validity.
FACTURE,An invoice or bill of parcels.
FACULAE,Groups of small shining spots on the surface of the sun whichare brighter
than the other parts of the photosphere. They aregenerally seen in the neighborhood
of the dark spots, and aresupposed to be elevated portions of the photosphere.
Newcomb.
FACULAR,Of or pertaining to the faculæ. R. A. Proctor.
FACULTATIVE,Having the power to live under different conditions; as, afacultative
parasite, a plant which is normally saprophytic, butwhich may exist wholly or in
part as a parasite; -- opposed toobligate.
FACULTY,The body of person to whom are intrusted the government andinstruction of a
college or university, or of one of its departments;the president, professors, and
tutors in a college. Dean of faculty.See under Dean.-- Faculty of advocates.
(Scot.) See under Advocate.
FACUND,Eloquent. [Archaic]
FACUNDIOUS,Eloquement; full of words. [Archaic]
FACUNDITY,Eloquence; readiness of speech. [Archaic]
FAD,A hobby ; freak; whim.-- Fad"dist, n.It is your favorite fad to draw plans. G.
Eliot.
FADAISE,A vapid or meaningless remark; a commonplace; nonsense.
FADDLE,To trifle; to toy.-- v. t.
FADE,Weak; insipid; tasteless; commonplace. [R.] "Passages that aresomewhat fade."
Jeffrey.His masculine taste gave him a sense of something fade and ludicrous.De
Quincey.
FADED,That has lost freshness, color, or brightness; grown dim. "Hisfaded cheek."
Milton.Where the faded moon Made a dim silver twilight. Keats.
FADEDLY,In a faded manner.A dull room fadedly furnished. Dickens.
FADELESS,Not liable to fade; unfading.
FADER,Father. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FADGE,To fit; to suit; to agree.They shall be made, spite of antipathy, to fadge
together. Milton.Well, Sir, how fadges the new design Wycherley.
FADING,Losing freshness, color, brightness, or vigor.-- n.
FADME,A fathom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FADY,Faded. [R.] Shenstone.
FAECAL,See Fecal.
FAECES,Excrement; ordure; also, settlings; sediment after infusion ordistillation.
[Written also feces.]
FAECULA,See Fecula.
FAERY,Fairy. [Archaic] Spenser.
FAFFLE,To stammer. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
FAG,A knot or coarse part in cloth. [Obs.]
FAGGING,Laborious drudgery; esp., the acting as a drudge for another atan English
school.
FAGOT,A bassoon. See Fagotto.
FAGOTTO,The bassoon; -- so called from being divided into parts forease of
carriage, making, as it were, a small fagot.
FAHAM,The leaves of an orchid (Angraecum fragrans), of the islands ofBourbon and
Mauritius, used (in France) as a substitute for Chinesetea.
FAHLBAND,A stratum in crystalline rock, containing metallic sulphides.Raymond.
FAHLUNITE,A hydration of iolite.
FAHRENHEIT,Conforming to the scale used by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit inthe
graduation of his thermometer; of or relating to Fahrenheit'sthermometric scale.--
n.
FAIENCE,Glazed earthenware; esp., that which is decorated in color.
FAILANCE,Fault; failure; omission. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
FAILLE,A soft silk, heavier than a foulard and not glossy.
FAIN,With joy; gladly; -- with wold.He would fain have filled his belly with the
husks that the swine dideat. Luke xv. 16.Fain Would I woo her, yet I dare not.
Shak.
FAINEANT DEITY,A deity recognized as real but conceived as not acting in
humanaffairs, hence not worshiped.
FAINEANT,Doing nothing; shiftless.-- n.
FAINT,The act of fainting, or the state of one who has fainted; aswoon. [R.] See
Fainting, n.The saint, Who propped the Virgin in her faint. Sir W. Scott.
FAINTING,Syncope, or loss of consciousness owing to a sudden arrest ofthe blood
supply to the brain, the face becoming pallid, therespiration feeble, and the
heat's beat weak. Fainting fit, afainting or swoon; syncope. [Colloq.]
FAINTISH,Slightly faint; somewhat faint.-- Faint"ish*ness, n.
FAINTLING,Timorous; feeble-minded. [Obs.] "A fainting, silly creature."Arbuthnot.
FAINTLY,In a faint, weak, or timidmanner.
FAINTS,The impure spirit which comes over first and last in thedistillation of
whisky; -- the former being called the strong faints,and the latter, which is much
more abundant, the weak faints. Thiscrude spirit is much impregnated with fusel
oil. Ure.
FAINTY,Feeble; languid. [R.] Dryden.
FAIR CATCH,A catch made by a player on side who makes a prescribed signalthat he
will not attempt to advance the ball when caught. He must notthen be interfered
with.
FAIR,Without sudden change of direction or curvature; smooth;fowing; -- said of the
figure of a vessel, and of surfaces, waterlines, and other lines.
FAIR-HAIRED,Having fair or light-colored hair.
FAIR-LEADER,A block, or ring, serving as a guide for the running rigging orfor any
rope.
FAIR-MINDED,Unprejudiced; just; judicial; honest.-- Fair"*mind`ed*ness, n.
FAIR-NATURED,Well-disposed. "A fair-natured prince." Ford.
FAIR-SPOKEN,Using fair speech, or uttered with fairness; bland; civil;courteous;
plausible. "A marvelous fair-spoken man." Hooker.
FAIR-WORLD,State of prosperity. [Obs.]They think it was never fair-world with them
since. Milton.
FAIRHOOD,Fairness; beauty. [Obs.] Foxe.
FAIRILY,In the manner of a fairy.Numerous as shadows haunting fairily The brain.
Keats.
FAIRING,A present; originally, one given or purchased at a fair. Gay.Fairing box, a
box receiving savings or small sums of money. HannahMore.
FAIRISH,Tolerably fair. [Colloq.] W. D. Howells.
FAIRNESS,The state of being fair, or free form spots or stains, as ofthe skin;
honesty, as of dealing; candor, as of an argument, etc.
FAIRWAY,The navigable part of a river, bay, etc., through which vesselsenter or
depart; the part of a harbor or channel ehich is kept openand unobstructed for the
passage of vessels. Totten. the rough.
FAIRYLAND,The imaginary land or abode of fairies.
FAIRYLIKE,Resembling a fairy, or what is made or done be fairies; as,fairylike
music.
FAITH,By my faith; in truth; verily.
FAITHED,Having faith or a faith; honest; sincere. [Obs.] "Make thywords faithed."
Shak.
FAITOUR,A doer or actor; particularly, an evil doer; a scoundrel.[Obs.]Lo! faitour,
there thy meed unto thee take. Spenser.
FAKE,One of the circles or windings of a cable or hawser, as it liesin a coil; a
single turn or coil.
FAKER,One who fakes something, as a thief, a peddler of petty things,a workman who
dresses things up, etc. [Slang]
FAKIR,An Oriental religious ascetic or begging monk. [Written alsofaquir anf
fakeer.]
FALANAKA,A viverrine mammal of Madagascar (Eupleres Goudotii), allied tothe civet;
-- called also Falanouc.
FALCADE,The action of a horse, when he throws himself on his haunchestwo or three
times, bending himself, as it were, in very quickcurvets. Harris.
FALCATION,The state of being falcate; a bend in the form of a sickle. SirT. Browne.
FALCER,One of the mandibles of a spider.
FALCIDIAN,Of or pertaining to Publius Falcidius, a Roman tribune.Falcidian law
(Civil Law), a law by which a testator was obliged toleave at least a fourth of his
estate to the heir. Burrill.
FALCIFORM,Having the shape of a scithe or sickle; resembling a reapinghook; as, the
falciform ligatment of the liver.
FALCON,An ancient form of cannon. Chanting falcon. (Zoöl.) See underChanting.
FALCONER,A person who breeds or trains hawks for taking birds or game;one who
follows the sport of fowling with hawks. Johnson.
FALCONGENTIL,The female or young of the goshawk (Astur palumbarius).
FALCONINE,Like a falcon or hawk; belonging to the Falconid�
FALCULA,A curved and sharp-pointed claw.
FALCULATE,Curved and sharppointed, like a falcula, or claw of a falcon.
FALDAGE,A privilege of setting up, and moving about, folds for sheep,in any fields
within manors, in order to manure them; -- oftenreserved to himself by the lord of
the manor. Spelman.
FALDFEE,A fee or rent paid by a tenant for the privilege of faldage onhis own
ground. Blount.
FALDING,A frieze or rough-napped cloth. [Obs.]
FALDISTORY,The throne or seat of a bishop within the chancel. [Obs.]
FALDSTOOL,A folding stool, or portable seat, made to fold up in themanner of a camo
stool. It was formerly placed in the choir for abishop, when he offciated in any
but his own cathedral church.Fairholt.
FALERNIAN,Of or pertaining to Mount Falernus, in Italy; as,Falernianwine.
FALK,The razorbill. [Written also falc, and faik.] [Prov. Eng.]
FALLACIOUS,Embodying or pertaining to a fallacy; illogical; fitted todeceive;
misleading; delusive; as, fallacious arguments or reasoning.-- Fal*la"cious*ly,
adv. -Fal*la"cious*ness, n.
FALLACY,An argument, or apparent argument, which professes to bedecisive of the
matter at issue, while in reality it is not; asophism.
FALLAX,Cavillation; a caviling. [Obs.] Cranmer.
FALLEN,Dropped; prostrate; degraded; ruined; decreased; dead.Some ruined temple or
fallen monument. Rogers.
FALLENCY,An exception. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
FALLER,A part which acts by falling, as a stamp in a fulling mill, orthe device in
a spinning machine to arrest motion when a threadbreaks.
FALLFISH,A fresh-water fish of the United States (Semotilus bullaris); -- called
also silver chub, and Shiner. The name is also applied toother allied species.
FALLIBILITY,The state of being fallible; liability to deceive or to bedeceived; as,
the fallibity of an argument or of an adviser.
FALLIBLE,Liable to fail, mistake, or err; liable to deceive or to bedeceived; as,
all men are fallible; our opinions and hopes arefallible.
FALLIBLY,In a fallible manner.
FALLING,from Fall, v. i. Falling away, Falling off, etc. See To fallaway, To fall
off, etc., under Fall, v. i.-- Falling band, the plain, broad, linen collar turning
down overthe doublet, worn in the early part of the 17th century.-- Falling
sickness (Med.), epilepsy. Shak.-- Falling star. (Astron.) See Shooting star.--
Falling stone, a stone falling through the atmosphere; ameteorite; an aërolite.--
Falling tide, the ebb tide.-- Falling weather, a rainy season. [Colloq.] Bartlett.
FALLOPIAN,Pertaining to, or discovered by, Fallopius; as, the Fallopiantubes or
oviducts, the ducts or canals which conduct the ova from theovaries to the uterus.
FALLOW DEER,A European species of deer (Cervus dama), much smaller than thered
deer. In summer both sexes are spotted with white. It is commonin England, where it
is often domesticated in the parks.
FALLOW,Left untilled or unsowed after plowing; uncultivated; as,fallow ground.
Fallow chat, Fallow finch (Zoöl.), a small Europeanbird, the wheatear (Saxicola
ænanthe). See Wheatear.
FALLOWIST,One who favors the practice of fallowing land. [R.] Sinclair.
FALLOWNESS,A well or opening, through the successive floors of a warehouseor
manufactory, through which goods are raised or lowered. [U.S.]Bartlett.
FALSARY,A falsifier of evidence. [Obs.] Sheldon.
FALSE,Not in tune. False arch (Arch.), a member having the appearanceof an arch,
though not of arch construction.-- False attic, an architectural erection above the
main cornice,concealing a roof, but not having windows or inclosing rooms.-- False
bearing, any bearing which is not directly upon a verticalsupport; thus, the weight
carried by a corbel has a false bearing.-- False cadence, an imperfect or
interrupted cadence.-- False conception (Med.), an abnormal conception in which a
mole,or misshapen fleshy mass, is produced instead of a properly organizedfetus.--
False croup (Med.), a spasmodic affection of the larynx attendedwith the symptoms
of membranous croup, but unassociated with thedeposit of a fibrinous membrane.--
False door or window (Arch.), the representation of a door orwindow, inserted to
complete a series of doors or windows or to givesymmetry.-- False fire, a
combustible carried by vessels of war, chiefly forsignaling, but sometimes burned
for the purpose of deceiving anenemy; also, a light on shore for decoying a vessel
to destruction.-- False galena. See Blende.-- False imprisonment (Law), the arrest
and imprisonment of a personwithout warrant or cause, or contrary to law; or the
unlawfuldetaining of a person in custody.-- False keel (Naut.), the timber below
the main keel, used to serveboth as a protection and to increase the shio's lateral
resistance.-- False key, a picklock.-- False leg. (Zoöl.) See Proleg.-- False
membrane (Med.), the fibrinous deposit formed in croup anddiphtheria, and
resembling in appearance an animal membrane.-- False papers (Naut.), documents
carried by a ship giving falserepresentations respecting her cargo, destination,
ect., for thepurpose of deceiving.-- False passage (Surg.), an unnatural passage
leading off from anatural canal, such as the urethra, and produced usually by
theunskillful introduction of instruments.-- False personation (Law), the
intentional false assumption of thename and personality of another.-- False
pretenses (Law), false representations concerning past orpresent facts and events,
for the purpose of defrauding another.-- False rail (Naut.), a thin piece of timber
placed on top of thehead rail to strengthen it.-- False relation (Mus.), a
progression in harmony, in which acertain note in a chord appears in the next chord
prefixed by a flator sharp.-- False return (Law), an untrue return made to a
process by theofficer to whom it was delivered for execution.-- False ribs (Anat.),
the asternal rebs, of which there are fivepairs in man.-- False roof (Arch.), the
space between the upper ceiling and theroof. Oxford Gloss.-- False token, a false
mark or other symbol, used for fraudulentpurposes.-- False scorpion (Zoöl.), any
arachnid of the genus Chelifer. SeeBook scorpion.-- False tack (Naut.), a coming up
into the wind and filling awayagain on the same tack.-- False vampire (Zoöl.), the
Vampyrus spectrum of South America,formerly erroneously supposed to have blood-
sucking habits; -- calledalso vampire, and ghost vampire. The genuine blood-sucking
batsbelong to the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire.-- False window.
(Arch.) See False door, above.-- False wing. (Zoöl.) See Alula, and Bastard wing,
under Bastard.-- False works (Civil Engin.), construction works to facilitate
theerection of the main work, as scaffolding, bridge centering, etc.
FALSE-FACED,Hypocritical. Shak.
FALSE-HEART,False-hearted. Shak.
FALSE-HEARTED,Hollow or unsound at the core; treacherous; deceitful;perfidious.
Bacon.-- False"*heart`ed*ness, n. Bp. Stillingfleet.
FALSELY,In a false manner; erroneously; not truly; perfidiously ortreacherously. "O
falsely, falsely murdered." Shak.Oppositions of science, falsely so called. 1 Tim.
vi. 20.Will ye steal, murder . . . and swear falsely Jer. vii. 9.
FALSENESS,The state of being false; contrariety to the fact; inaccuracy;want of
integrity or uprightness; double dealing; unfaithfulness;treachery; perfidy; as,
the falseness of a report, a drawing, or asinger's notes; the falseness of a man,
or of his word.
FALSER,A deceiver. [Obs.] Spenser.
FALSETTO,A false or artificial voice; that voice in a man which liesabove his
natural voice; the male counter tenor or alto voice. SeeHead voice, under Voice.
FALSICRIMEN,The crime of falsifying.
FALSIFIABLE,Capable of being falsified, counterfeited, or corrupted.Johnson.
FALSIFICATION,The showing an item of charge in an account to be wrong. Story.
FALSIFICATOR,A falsifier. Bp. Morton.
FALSIFIER,One who falsifies, or gives to a thing a deceptive appearance;a liar.
FALSIFY,To avoid or defeat; to prove false, as a judgment. Blackstone.
FALSISM,That which is evidently false; an assertion or statement thefalsity of
which is plainly apparent; -- opposed to truism.
FALTER,To thrash in the chaff; also, to cleanse or sift, as barley.[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
FALTERING,Hesitating; trembling. "With faltering speech." Milton.-- n.
FALUNS,A series of strata, of the Middle Tertiary period, of France,abounding in
shells, and used by Lyell as the type of his Miocenesubdivision.
FALWE,Fallow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FALX,A curved fold or process of the dura mater or the peritoneum;esp., one of the
partitionlike folds of the dura mater which extendinto the great fissures of the
brain.
FAMBLE,To stammer. [Obs.] Nares.
FAMELESS,Without fame or renown.-- Fame"less*ly, adv.
FAMILIAR,A confidential officer employed in the service of the tribunal,especially
in apprehending and imprisoning the accused.
FAMILIARIZATION,The act or process of making familiar; the result of
becomingfamiliar; as, familiarization with scenes of blood.
FAMILIARLY,In a familiar manner.
FAMILIARNESS,Familiarity. [R.]
FAMILIARY,Of or pertaining to a family or household; domestic. [Obs.]Milton.
FAMILISM,The tenets of the Familists. Milton.
FAMILIST,One of afanatical Antinomian sect originating in Holland, andexisting in
England about 1580, called the Family of Love, who heldthat religion consists
wholly in love.
FAMILISTERY,A community in which many persons unite as in one family, andare
regulated by certain communistic laws and customs.
FAMILY,A groupe of organisms, either animal or vegetable, related bycertain points
of resemblance in structure or development, morecomprehensive than a genus, because
it is usually based on fewer orless pronounced points of likeness. In zoölogy a
family is lesscomprehesive than an order; in botany it is often considered the
samething as an order. Family circle. See under Circle.-- Family man. (a) A man who
has a family; esp., one who has a wifeand children living with him andd dependent
upon him. (b) A man ofdomestic habits. "The Jews are generally, when married,
mostexemplary family men." Mayhew.-- Family of curves or surfaces (Geom.), a group
of curves orsurfaces derived from a single equation.-- In a family way, like one
belonging to the family. "Why don't weask him and his ladies to come over in a
family way, and dine withsome other plain country gentlefolks" Thackeray.-- In the
family way, pregnant. [Colloq.]
FAMINE,General scarcity of food; dearth; a want of provisions;destitution. "Worn
with famine." Milton.There was a famine in the land. Gen. xxvi. 1.Famine fever
(Med.), typhus fever.
FAMISHMENT,State of being famished.
FAMOSITY,The state or quality of being famous. [Obs.] Johnson.
FAMOUS,Celebrated in fame or public report; renowned; mach talked of;distinguished
in story; -- used in either a good or a bad sense,chiefly the former; often
followed by for; as, famous for erudition,for eloquence, for military skill; a
famous pirate.Famous for a scolding tongue. Shak.
FAMOUSED,Renowned. [Obs.] Shak.
FAMOUSLY,In a famous manner; in a distinguished degree; greatly;splendidly.Then
this land was famously enriched With politic grave counsel.Shak.
FAMOUSNESS,The state of being famous.
FAMULAR,Domestic; familiar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FAMULATE,To serve. [Obs.]
FAMULIST,A collegian of inferior rank or position, corresponding to thesizar at
Cambridge. [Oxford Univ., Eng.]
FAN PALM,Any palm tree having fan-shaped or radiate leaves; as theChamærops humilis
of Southern Europe; the species of Sabal andThrinax in the West Indies, Florida,
etc.; and especially the greattalipot tree (Corypha umbraculifera) of Ceylon and
Malaya. The leavesof the latter are often eighteen feet long and fourteen wide, and
areused for umbrellas, tents, and roofs. When cut up, they are used forbooks and
manuscripts.
FAN-NERVED,Having the nerves or veins arranged in a radiating manner; --said of
certain leaves, and of the winfs of some insects.
FAN-TAILED,Having an expanded, or fan-shaped, tail; as, the fan-tailedpigeon.
FANAL,A lighthouse, or the apparatus placed in it for giving light.
FANATIC,Pertaining to, or indicating, fanaticism; extravagant inopinions; ultra;
unreasonable; excessively enthusiastic, especiallyon religious subjects; as,
fanatic zeal; fanatic notions.But Faith, fanatic Faith, once wedded fast To some
dear falsehood,hugs it to the last. T. Moore.
FANATICAL,Characteristic of, or relating to, fanaticism; fanatic. -Fa*nat"ic*al*ly,
adv.-- Fa*nat"ic*al*ness, n.
FANATICISM,Excessive enthusiasm, unreasoning zeal, or wild and extravagantnotions,
on any subject, especially religion; religious frenzy.
FANATICIZE,To cause to become a fanatic.
FANATISM,Fanaticism. [R.] Gibbon.
FANCIED,Formed or conceived by the fancy; unreal; as, a fancied wrong.
FANCILESS,Having no fancy; without ideas or imagination. [R.]A pert or bluff
important wight, Whose brain is fanciless, whoseblood is white. Armstrong.
FANCY-FREE,Free from the power of love. "In maiden meditation, fancy-free." Shak.
FANCY-SICK,Love-sick. Shak.
FANCYMONGER,A lovemonger; a whimsical lover. [Obs.] Shak.
FANCYWORK,Ornamental work with a needle or hook, as embroidery,crocheting, netting,
etc.
FAND,imp. of Find. Spenser.
FANE,A temple; a place consecrated to religion; a church. [Poet.]Such to this
British Isle, her Christian fanes. Wordsworth.
FANEGA,A dry measure in Spain and Spanish America, varying from 1 DeColange.
FANFARE,A flourish of trumpets, as in coming into the lists, etc.;also, a short and
lively air performed on hunting horns during thechase.The fanfare announcing the
arrival of the various Christian princes.Sir W. Scott.
FANFARON,A bully; a hector; a swaggerer; an empty boaster. [R.] Dryden.
FANFARONADE,A swaggering; vain boasting; ostentation; a bluster. Swift.
FANG,The tusk of an animal, by which the prey is seized and held ortorn; a long
pointed tooth; esp., one of the usually erectile,venomous teeth of serpents. Also,
one of the falcers of a spider.Since I am a dog, beware my fangs. Shak.
FANGED,Having fangs or tusks; as, a fanged adder. Also usedfiguratively.
FANGLE,Something new-fashioned; a foolish innovation; a gewgaw; atrifling ornament.
FANGLED,New made; hence, gaudy; showy; vainly decorated. [Obs., exceptwith the
prefix new.] See Newfangled. "Our fangled world." Shak.
FANGLENESS,Quality of being fangled. [Obs.]He them in new fangleness did pass.
Spenser.
FANGLESS,Destitute of fangs or tusks. "A fangless lion." Shak.
FANGOT,A quantity of wares, as raw silk, etc., from one hundredweight.
FANION,A small flag sometimes carried at the head of the baggage of abrigade.
[Obs.]
FANLIKE,Resembling a fan; -- specifically (Bot.), folded up like a fan,as certain
leaves; plicate.
FANNEL,Same as Fanon.
FANON,A term applied to various articles, as: (a) A peculiar stripedscarf worn by
the pope at mass, and by eastern bishops. (b) Amaniple. [Written also fannel,
phanon, etc.]
FANTASIA,A continuous composition, not divided into what are calledmovements, or
governed by the ordinary rules of musical design, butin which the author's fancy
roves unrestricted by set form.
FANTASIED,Filled with fancies or imaginations. [Obs.] Shak.
FANTASM,Same as Phantasm.
FANTAST,One whose manners or ideas are fantastic. [R.] Coleridge.
FANTASTIC,A person given to fantastic dress, manners, etc.; an eccentricperson; a
fop. Milton.Our fantastics, who, having a fine watch, take all ocasions to drowit
out to be seen. Fuller.
FANTASTIC-ALNESS,The quality of being fantastic.
FANTASTICAL,Fanciful; unreal; whimsical; capricious; fantastic.
FANTASTICALITY,Fantastically. [Obs.]
FANTASTICALLY,In a fantastic manner.the letter A, in scarlet, fantastically
embroidered with gold thread,upon her bosom. Hawthorne.
FANTASTICISM,The quality of being fantastical; fancifulness; whimsicality.Ruskin.
FANTASTICLY,Fantastically. [Obs.]
FANTASTICNESS,Fantasticalness. [Obs.]
FANTASTICO,A fantastic. [Obs.] Shak.
FANTASY,To have a fancy for; to be pleased with; to like; to fancy.[Obs.]
Cavendish.Which he doth most fantasy. Robynson (More's Utopia).
FANTOCCINI,Puppets caused to perform evolutions or dramatic scenes bymeans of
machinery; also, the representations in which they are used.
FANTOM,See Phantom. Fantom corn, phantom corn. Grose.
FAP,Fuddled. [Obs.] Shak.
FAQUIR,See Fakir.
FAR,A young pig, or a litter of pigs.
FAR-ABOUT,A going out of the way; a digression. [Obs.] Fuller.
FAR-OFF,Remote; as, the far-off distance. Cf. Far-off, under Far, adv.
FAR-STRETCHED,Stretched beyond ordinary limits.
FARAD,The standard unit of electrical capacity; the capacity of acondenser whose
charge, having an electro-motive force of one volt,is equal to the amount of
electricity which, with the sameelectromotive force, passes through one ohm in one
second; thecapacity, which, charged with one coulomb, gives an electro-motiveforce
of one volt.
FARADIC,Of or pertaining to Michael Faraday, the distinguishedelectrician; --
applied especially to induced currents ofelectricity, as produced by certain forms
of inductive apparatus, onaccount of Faraday's investigations of their laws.
FARADIZE,To stimulate with, or subject to, faradic, or inducted,electric currents.
--Far"a*diz`er (#), n.
FARAND,See Farrand, n.
FARANDAMS,A fabrik made of silk and wool or hair. Simmonds.
FARANDOLE,A rapid dance in six-eight time in which a large number joinhands and
dance in various figures, sometimes moving from room toroom. It originated in
Provence.
FARANTLY,Orderly; comely; respectable. [Obs.] Halliwell.
FARCE,Stuffing, or mixture of viands, like that used on dressing afowl; forcemeat.
FARCEMENT,Stuffing; forcemeat. [Obs.]They spoil a good dish with . . . unsavory
farcements. Feltham.
FARCICAL,Pertaining to farce; appropriated to farce; ludicrous;unnatural;
unreal.They deny the characters to be farcical, because they are Gay.--
Far"ci*cal*ly, adv. -Far"ci*cal*ness, n.
FARCILITE,Pudding stone. [Obs.] Kirwan.
FARCING,Stuffing; forcemeat.
FARCTATE,Stuffed; filled solid; as, a farctate leaf, stem, or pericarp;-- opposed
to tubular or hollow. [Obs.]
FARCY,A contagious disease of horses, associated with painfululcerating
enlargements, esp. upon the head and limbs. It is of thesame nature as glanders,
and is often fatal. Called also farcin, andfarcimen.
FARD,Paint used on the face. [Obs.] "Painted with French fard." J.Whitaker.
FARDAGE,See Dunnage.
FARDEL,A bundle or little pack; hence, a burden. [Obs.] Shak.A fardel of never-
ending misery and suspense. Marryat.
FARDING-BAG,The upper stomach of a cow, or other ruminant animal; therumen.
FARDINGDALE,A farthingale. [Obs.]
FARDINGDEAL,The fourth part of an acre of land. [Obs.] [Written alsofarding dale,
fardingale, etc.]
FAREN,p. p. of Fare, v. i. Chaucer.
FAREWELL,Go well; good-by; adieu; -- originally applied to a persondeparting, but
by custom now applied both to those who depart andthose who remain. It is often
separated by the pronoun; as, fare youwell; and is sometimes used as an expression
of separation only; as,farewell the year; farewell, ye sweet groves; that is, I bid
youfarewell.So farewell hope, and with hope, farewell fear. Milton.Fare thee well!
and if forever, Still forever fare thee well. Byron.
FARFET,Farfetched. [Obs.]York with his farfet policy. Shak.
FARFETCH,To bring from far; to seek out studiously. [Obs.]To farfetch the name of
Tartar from a Hebrew word. Fuller.
FARINA,Pollen. [R.] Craig.
FARINOSE,Civered with a sort of white, mealy powder, as the leaves ofsome poplars,
and the body of certain insects; mealy.
FARL,Same as Furl. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
FARLIE,An unusual or unexpected thing; a wonder. See Fearly. [Obs. orProv. Eng.]
Drayton.
FARM,A lease of the imposts on particular goods; as, the sugar farm,the silk
farm.Whereas G. H. held the farm of sugars upon a rent of 10,000 marks perannum.
State Trials (1196).
FARMABLE,Capable of being farmed.
FARMER,One who farms; as:(a) One who hires and cultivates a farm; a cultivator of
leasedground; a tenant. Smart.(b) One who is devoted to the tillage of the soil;
one who cultivatesa farm; an agriculturist; a husbandman.(c) One who takes taxes,
customs, excise, or other duties, tocollect, either paying a fixed annuual rent for
the privilege; as, afarmer of the revenues.(d) (Mining) The lord of the field, or
one who farms the lot and copeof the crown. Farmer-general Etym: [F. fermier-
general], one to whomthe right of levying certain taxes, in a particular district,
wasfarmed out, under the former French monarchy, for a given sum paiddown.--
Farmers' satin, a light material of cotton and worsted, used forcoat linings.
McElrath.-- The king's farmer (O. Eng. Law), one to whom the collection of aroyal
revenue was farmed out. Burrill.
FARMERESS,A woman who farms.
FARMERSHIP,Skill in farming.
FARMERY,The buildings and yards necessary for the business of a farm; ahomestead.
[Eng.]
FARMHOUSE,A dwelling house on a farm; a farmer's residence.
FARMING,Pertaining to agriculture; devoted to, adapted to, or engagedin, farming;
as, farming tools; farming land; a farming community.
FARMOST,Most distant; farthest.A spacious cave within its farmost part. Dryden.
FARMSTEAD,A farm with the building upon it; a homestead on a farm.Tennyson.With its
pleasant groves and farmsteads. Carlyle.
FARMSTEADING,A farmstead. [Scot.] Black.
FARMYARD,The yard or inclosure attached to a barn, or the space inclosedby the farm
buildings.
FARNESS,The state of being far off; distance; remoteness. [R.] Grew.
FARO,A gambling game at cardds, in whiich all the other players playagainst the
dealer or banker, staking their money upon the order inwhich the cards will lie and
be dealt from the pack. Faro bank, thecapital which the proprietor of a farotable
ventures in the game;also, the place where a game of faro is played. Hoyle.
FAROESE,An inhabitant, or, collectively, inhabitants, of the Faroeislands.
FARRAGINOUS,Formed of various materials; mixed; as, a farraginous mountain.[R.]
Kirwan.AA farraginous concurrence of all conditions, tempers, sexes, andages. Sir
T. Browne.
FARRAGO,A mass ccomposed of various materials confusedly mixed; amedley; a
mixture.A confounded farrago of doubts, fears, hopes, wishes, and all theflimsy
furniture of a country miss's brain. Sheridan.
FARRAND,Manner; custom; fashion; humor. [Prov. Eng.] [Written alsofarand.] Grose.
FARREATION,Same as Confarreation.
FARRIER,Defn:
FARROW,A little of pigs. Shak.
FARRY,A farrow. [Obs.] Perry.
FARSE,An addition to, or a paraphrase of, some part of the Latinservice in the
vernacular; -- common in English before theReformation.
FARSIGHTED,Hypermetropic.
FARSIGHTEDNESS,Hypermetropia.
FARTHER,To help onward. [R.] See Further.
FARTHERANCE,See Furtherence.
FARTHERMORE,See Furthermore.
FARTHERMOST,Most distant or remote; as, the farthest degree. See Furthest.
FARTHEST,Most distant or remote; as, the farthest degree. See Furthest.
FARTHINGALE,A hoop skirt or hoop petticoat, or other light, elasticmaterial, used
to extend the petticoat.We'll revel it as bravely as the best, . . . With ruffs and
cuffs,and farthingales and things. Shak.
FASCES,A bundle of rods, having among them an ax with the bladeprojecting, borne
before the Roman magistrates as a badge of theirauthority.
FASCET,A wire basket on the end of a rod to carry glass bottles, etc.,to the
annealing furnace; also, an iron rod to be thrust into themouths of bottles, and
used for the same purpose; -- calles alsopontee and punty.
FASCIA,A flat member of an order or building, like a flat band orbroad fillet;
especially, one of the three bands which make up thearchitrave, in the Ionic order.
See Illust. of Column.
FASCIAL,Relating to a fascia.
FASCIATION,The act or manner of binding up; bandage; also, the conditionof being
fasciated.
FASCICLE,A small bundle or collection; a compact cluster; as, a fascicleof fibers;
a fascicle of flowers or roots.
FASCICLED,Growing in a bundle, tuft, or close cluster; as, the fascicledleaves of
the pine or larch; the fascicled roots of the dahlia;fascicled muscle fibers;
fascicled tufts of hair.
FASCICULAR,Pertaining to a fascicle; fascicled; as, a fascicular root.
FASCICULARLY,In a fascicled manner. Kirwan.
FASCICULE,A small bunch or bundle; a fascicle; as, a fascicule of fibers,hairs, or
spines.
FASCINE,A cylindrical bundle of small sticks of wood, bound together,used in
raising batteries, filling ditches, strengthening ramparts,and making parapets;
also in revetments for river banks, and in matsfor dams, jetties, etc.
FASCINOUS,Caused or acting by witchcraft. [Obs.] "Fascinous diseases."Harvey.
FASCIOLA,A band of gray matter bordering the fimbria in the brain; thedentate
convolution. Wilder.
FASCIOLE,A band of minute tubercles, bearing modified spines, on theshells of
spatangoid sea urchins. See Spatangoidea.
FASH,To vex; to tease; to trouble. [Scot.]
FASHION-MONGER,One who studies the fashions; a fop; a dandy. Marston.
FASHION-MONGERING,Behaving like a fashion-monger. [R.] Shak.
FASHIONABLE,A person who conforms to the fashions; -- used chiefly in theplural.
FASHIONABLENESS,State of being fashionable.
FASHIONABLY,In a fashionable manner.
FASHIONED,Having a certain style or fashion; as old-fashioned; new-fashioned.
FASHIONER,One who fashions, forms, ar gives shape to anything. [R.]The fashioner
had accomplished his task, and the dresses were broughthome. Sir W. Scott.
FASHIONIST,An obsequious follower of the modes and fashions. [R.] Fuller.
FASHIONLESS,Having no fashion.
FASSAITE,A variety of pyroxene, from the valley of Fassa, in the Tyrol.
FAST,That which fastens or holds; especially, (Naut.) a mooringrope, hawser, or
chain; -- called, according to its position, a bow,head, quarter, breast, or stern
fast; also, a post on a pier aroundwhich hawsers are passed in mooring.
FAST-HANDED,Close-handed; close-fisted; covetous; avaricious. [Obs.] Bacon.
FASTEN,To fix one's self; to take firm hold; to clinch; to cling.A horse leech will
hardly fasten on a fish. Sir T. Browne.
FASTENER,One who, or that which, makes fast or firm.
FASTENING,Anything that binds and makes fast, as a lock, catch, bolt,bar, buckle,
etc.
FASTER,One who abstains from food.
FASTIDIOSITY,Fastidiousness; squeamishness. [Obs.] Swift.
FASTIDIOUS,Difficult to please; delicate to fault; suited with
difficulty;squeamish; as, a fastidious mind or ear; a fastidious appetite.Proud
youth ! fastidious of the lower world. Young.
FASTISH,Rather fast; also, somewhat dissipated. [Colloq.] Thackeray.
FASTLY,Firmly; surely.
FASTUOUS,Proud; haughty; disdainful. [Obs.] Barrow. Fas"tu*ous*ness, n.[Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.
FAT,Of a character which enables the compositor to make largewages; -- said of
matter containing blank, cuts, or many leads, etc.;as, a fat take; a fat page. Fat
lute, a mixture of pipe clay and oilfor filling joints.
FAT-BRAINED,Dull of apprehension.
FAT-KIDNEYED,Gross; lubberly.Peace, ye fat-kidneyed rascal ! Shak.
FAT-WITTED,Dull; stupid. Shak.
FATA MORGANA,A kind of mirage by which distant objects appear inverted,distorted,
displaced, or multiplied. It is noticed particularly atthe Straits of Messina,
between Calabria and Sicily.
FATALISM,The doctrine that all things are subject to fate, or that theytake place
by inevitable necessity.
FATALIST,One who maintains that all things happen by inevitablenecessity.
FATALISTIC,Implying, or partaking of the nature of, fatalism.
FATALNESS,, . Quality of being fatal. Johnson.
FATBACK,The menhaden.
FATE,The three goddesses, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos, sometimescalled the
Destinies, or Parcæwho were supposed to determine thecourse of human life. They are
represented, one as holding thedistaff, a second as spinning, and the third as
cutting off thethread.
FATEFUL,Having the power of serving or accomplishing fate. "The fatefulsteel." J.
Barlow.
FATHER LONGLEGS,See Daddy longlegs, 2.
FATHER-IN-LAW,The father of one's husband or wife; -- correlative to son-in-law and
daughter-in-law.
FATHER-LASHER,A European marine fish (Cottus bubalis), allied to the sculpin;--
called also lucky proach.
FATHERHOOD,The state of being a father; the character or authority of afather;
paternity.
FATHERLAND,One's native land; the native land of one's fathers orancestors.
FATHERLESSNESS,The state of being without a father.
FATHERLINESS,The qualities of a father; parantal kindness, care, etc.
FATHERSHIP,The state of being a father; fatherhood; paternity.
FATHOMABLE,Capable of being fathomed.
FATHOMER,One who fathoms.
FATIDICAL,Having power to foretell future events; prophetic; fatiloquent;as, the
fatidical oak. [R.] Howell.-- Fa*tid"i*cal*ly, adv.
FATIFEROUS,Fate-bringing; deadly; mortal; destructive. [R.] Johnson.
FATIGABLE,Easily tired. [Obs.] Bailey.
FATIGATE,Wearied; tired; fatigued. [Obs.]Requickened what in flesh was fatigate.
Shak.
FATIGATION,Weariness. [Obs.] W. Montaqu.
FATIGUE,To weary with labor or any bodily or mental exertion; to harasswith toil;
to exhaust the strength or endurance of; to tire.
FATILOQUENT,Prophetic; fatidical. [Obs.] Blount.
FATILOQUIST,A fortune teller.
FATISCENCE,A gaping or opening; state of being chinky, or havingapertures. Kirwan.
FATLING,A calf, lamb, kid, or other young animal fattened forslaughter; a fat
animal; -- said of such animals as are used forfood.He sacrificed oxen and
fatlings. 2 Sam. vi. 13.
FATLY,Grossly; greasily.
FATNER,One who fattens. [R.] See Fattener. Arbuthnit.
FATTEN,To grow fat or corpulent; to grow plump, thick, or fleshy; tobe pampered.And
villains fatten with the brave man's labor. Otway.
FATTENER,One who, or that which, fattens; that which gives fatness orfertility.
FATTINESS,State or quality of being fatty.
FATTISH,Somewhat fat; inclined to fatness.Coleridge, a puffy, anxious, obstructed-
looking, fattish old man.Carlyle.
FATTY,Containing fat, or having the qualities of fat; greasy; gross;as, a fatty
substance. Fatty acid (Chem.), any one of the paraffinseries of monocarbonic acids,
as formic acid, acetic, etc.; -- socalled because the higher members, as stearic
and palmitic acids,occur in the natural fats, and are themselves fatlike
substances.-- Fatty clays. See under Clay.-- Fatty degeneration (Med.), a diseased
condition, in which the oilglobules, naturally present in certain organs, are so
multiplied asgradually to destroy and replace the efficient parts of these
organs.-- Fatty heart, Fatty liver, etc. (Med.), a heart, liver, etc.,which have
been the subjects of fatty degeneration or infiltration.-- Fatty infiltration
(Med.), a condition in which there is anexcessive accumulation of fat in an organ,
without destruction of anyessential parts of the latter.-- Fatty tumor (Med.), a
tumor consisting of fatty or adiposetissue; lipoma.
FATUITOUS,Stupid; fatuous.
FATUITY,Weakness or imbecility of mind; stupidity.Those many forms of popular
fatuity. I Taylor.
FAUBOURG,A suburb of French city; also, a district now within a city,but formerly
without its walls.
FAUCAL,Pertaining to the fauces, or opening of the throat; faucial;esp., (Phon.)
produced in the fauces, as certain deep guttural soundsfound in the Semitic and
some other languages.Ayin is the most difficult of the faucals. I. Taylor (The
Alphabet).
FAUCES,The narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx, situatedbetween the soft
palate and the base of the tongue; -- called alsothe isthmus of the fauces. On
either side of the passage twomembranous folds, called the pillars of the fauces,
inclose thetonsils.
FAUCHION,See Falchion. [Obs.]
FAUCIAL,Pertaining to the fauces; pharyngeal.
FAUGH,An exclamation of contempt, disgust, or abhorrence.
FAULCHION,See Falchion.
FAULCON,See Falcon.
FAULD,The arch over the dam of a blast furnace; the tymp arch.
FAULE,A fall or falling band. [Obs.]These laces, ribbons, and these faules.
Herrick.
FAULT,A lost scent; act of losing the scent.Ceasing their clamorous cry till they
have singled, With much ado,the cold fault cleary out. Shak.
FAULT-FINDER,One who makes a practice off discovering others' faults andcensuring
them; a scold.
FAULT-FINDING,The act of finding fault or blaming; -- used derogatively. AlsoAdj.
FAULTER,One who commits a fault. [Obs.]Behold the faulter here in sight. Fairfax.
FAULTFUL,Full of faults or sins. Shak.
FAULTILY,In a faulty manner.
FAULTINESS,Quality or state of being faulty.Round, even to faultiness. Shak.
FAULTING,The state or condition of being faulted; the process by which afault is
produced.
FAULTLESS,Without fault; not defective or imperfect; free from blemish;free from
incorrectness, vice, or offense; perfect; as, a faultlesspoem.Whoever thinks a
faultless piece to see, Thinks what ne'er was, noris, nor e'er shall be. Pope.
FAUN,A god of fields and shipherds, diddering little from the satyr.The fauns are
usually represented as half goat and half man.Satyr or Faun, or Sylvan. Milton.
FAUNA,The animals of any given area or epoch; as, the fauna ofAmerica; fossil
fauna; recent fauna.
FAUNAL,Relating to fauna.
FAUNIST,One who describes the fauna of country; a naturalist. GilbertWhite.
FAUNUS,See Faun.
FAUSEN,A young eel. [Prov. Eng.]
FAUSSE-BRAYE,A second raampart, exterior to, and parallel to, the mainrampart, and
considerably below its level.
FAUTOR,A favorer; a patron; one who gives countenance or support; anabettor.
[Obs.]The king and the fautors of his proceedings. Latimer.
FAUTRESS,A patroness. [Obs.] Chapman.
FAUVETTE,A small singing bird, as the nightingale and warblers.
FAUX PAS,A false step; a mistake or wrong measure.
FAUX,See Fauces.
FAVAGINOUS,Formed like, or resembling, a honeycomb.
FAVAS,See Favus, n., 2. Fairholt.
FAVEL,Yellow; fal [Obs.] Wright.
FAVELLA,A group of spores arranged without order and covered with athin gelatinous
envelope, as in certain delicate red algæ.
FAVEOLATE,Honeycomb; having cavities or cells, somewhat resembling thoseof a
honeycomb; alveolate; favose.
FAVIER EXPLOSIVE,Any of several explosive mixtures, chiefly of ammonium nitrateand
a nitrate derivative of naphthalene. They are stable, but requireprotection from
moisture. As prepared it is a compressed cylinder ofthe explosive, filled with
loose powder of the same composition, allinclosed in waterproof wrappers. It is
used for mining.
FAVILLOUS,Of or pertaining to ashes. [Obs.]Light and favollous particles. Sir T.
Browne.
FAVONIAN,Pertaining to the west wind; soft; mild; gentle.
FAVOR,Partiality; bias. Bouvier.
FAVOREDLY,In a favored or a favorable manner; favorably. [Obs.] Deut.xvii. 1.
Arscham.
FAVOREDNESS,Appearance. [Obs.]
FAVORER,One who favors; one who regards with kindness or friendship; awell-wisher;
one who assists or promotes success or prosperity.[Written also favourer.]And come
to us as favorers, not as foes. Shak.
FAVORESS,A woman who favors or gives countenance. [Written alsofovouress.]
FAVORING,That favors.-- Fa"vor*ing*ly, adv.
FAVORITE,Short curls dangling over the temples; -- fashionable in thereign of
Charles II. [Obs.] Farquhar.
FAVORITISM,The disposition to favor and promote the interest of one personor
family, or of one class of men, to the neglect of others havingequal claims;
partiality.A spirit of favoritism to the Bank of the United States. A. Hamilton.
FAVOSE,Honeycombed. See Faveolate.
FAVOSITE,Like or pertaining to the genus Favosites.
FAVOSITES,A genus of fossil corals abundant in the Silurian and Devonianrocks,
having polygonal cells with perforated walls.
FAVUS,A disease of the scalp, produced by a vegetable parasite.
FAWE,Fain; glad; delighted. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FAWKNER,A falconer. [Obs.] Donne.
FAWN,A young deer; a buck or doe of the first year. See Buck.
FAWN-COLORED,Of the color of a fawn; light yellowish brown.
FAWNER,One who fawns; a sycophant.
FAWNINGLY,In a fawning manner.
FAXED,Hairy. [Obs.] amden.
FAY,A fairy; an elf. "Yellow-skirted fays." Milton.
FAYALITE,A black, greenish, or brownish mineral of the chrysolite group.It is a
silicate of iron.
FAYENCE,See Fa.
FAYTOUR,See Faitour. [Obs.] Spenser.
FAZE,See Feeze.
FAZZOLET,A handkerchief. [R.] percival.
FEABERRY,A gooseberry. [Prov. Eng.] Prior.
FEAGUE,To beat or whip; to drive. [Obs.] Otway.
FEAL,Faithful; loyal. [Obs.] Wright.
FEAR,A variant of Fere, a mate, a companion. [Obs.] Spenser.
FEARER,One who fars. Sir P. Sidney.
FEARFULLY,In a fearful manner.
FEARFULNESS,The state of being fearful.
FEARLESS,Free from fear.
FEARSOME,. Easily frightened; timid; timorous. "A silly fearsome thing."B. Taylor
FEASIBILITY,The quality of being feasible; practicability; also, that whichis
feasible; as, before we adopt a plan, let us consider itsfeasibility.Men often
swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities for certainties,possibilities for
feasibilities. Sir T. Browne.
FEASTFUL,Festive; festal; joyful; sumptuous; luxurious. "Feastful days."Milton.--
Feast"ful*ly, adv.
FEAT,To form; to fashion. [Obs.]To the more mature, A glass that feated them. Shak.
FEAT-BODIED,Having a feat or trim body. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
FEATEOUS,Dexterous; neat. [Obs.] Johnson.-- Feat"e*ous*ly, adv.
FEATHER,A longitudinal strip projecting as a fin from an object, tostrengthen it,
or to enter a channel in another object and therebyprevent displacement sidwise but
permit motion lengthwise; a spline.
FEATHER-BRAINED,Giddy; frivolous; feather-headed. [Colloq.]
FEATHER-EDGE,The thin, new growth around the edge of a shell, of an oyster.
FEATHER-EDGED,Having a feather-edge; also, having one edge thinner than theother,
as a board; -- in the United States, said only of stuff oneedge of which is made as
thin as practicable.
FEATHER-FEW,Feverfew.
FEATHER-FOIL,An aquatic plant (Hottonia palustris), having finely dividedleaves.
FEATHER-HEAD,A frivolous or featherbrained person. [Colloq.] H. James.
FEATHER-HEADED,Giddy; frivolous; foolish. [Colloq.] G. Eliot.
FEATHER-HEELED,Light-heeled; gay; frisky; frolicsome. [Colloq.]
FEATHER-PATED,Feather-headed; frivolous. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.
FEATHER-VEINED,Having the veins (of a leaf) diverging from the two sides of
amidrib.
FEATHERBONE,A substitute for whalebone, made from the quills of geese andturkeys.
FEATHERED,Having a fringe of feathers, as the legs of certian birds; orof hairs, as
the legs of a setter dog.
FEATHERINESS,The state or condition of being feathery.
FEATHERING,Same as Foliation.
FEATHERLESS,Destitute of feathers.
FEATHERLY,Like feathers. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FEATHERNESS,The state or condition of being feathery.
FEATHERSTITCH,A kind of embroidery stitch producing a branching zigzag line.
FEATHERY,Pertaining to, or resembling, feathers; covered with, or aswith, feathers;
as, feathery spray or snow. Milton.Ye feathery people of mid air. Barry Cornwall.
FEATLY,Neatly; dexterously; nimbly. [Archaic]Foot featly here and there. Shak.
FEATNESS,Skill; adroitness. [Archaic] Johnson.
FEATURELESS,Having no distinct or distinctive features.
FEATURELY,Having features; showing marked peculiarities; handsome. [R.]Featurely
warriors of Christian chivalry. Coleridge.
FEAZE,To untwist; to unravel, as the end of a rope. Johnson.
FEAZINGS,The unlaid or ragged end of a rope. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
FEBRICITATE,To have a fever. [Obs.] Bailey.
FEBRICULOSE,Somewhat feverish. [Obs.] Johnson.
FEBRIFACIENT,Febrific. Dunglison.-- n.
FEBRIFEROUS,Causing fever; as, a febriferous locality.
FEBRIFIC,Producing fever. Dunglison.
FEBRIFUGAL,Having the quality of mitigating or curing fever. Boyle.
FEBRIFUGE,A medicine serving to mitigate or remove fever.-- a.
FEBRILE,Pertaining to fever; indicating fever, or derived from it; as,febrile
symptoms; febrile action. Dunglison.
FEBRUARY,The second month in the year, said to have been introduced intothe Roman
calendar by Numa. In common years this month containstwenty-eight days; in the
bissextile, or leap year, it has twenty-nine days.
FEBRUATION,Purification; a sacrifice. [Obs.] Spenser.
FECAL,relating to, or containing, dregs, feces, or ordeure; fæcal.
FECCHE,To fetch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FECES,dregs; sediment; excrement. See FÆces.
FECIAL,Pertaining to heralds, declarations of war, and treaties ofpeace; as, fecial
law. Kent.
FECIFORK,The anal fork on which the larvæ of certain insects carry theirfæces.
FECKLESS,Spiritless; weak; worthless. [Scot]
FECKLESSNESS,absence of merit.[WordNet 1.5]
FECKS,A corruption of the word faith. Shak.
FECULA,Any pulverulent matter obtained from plants by simply breakingdown the
texture, washing with water, and subsidence. Especially:(a) The nutritious part of
wheat; starch or farina; -- called alsoamylaceous fecula. (b) The green matter of
plants; chlorophyll.
FECULENCY,Feculence.
FECULENT,Foul with extraneous or impure substances; abounding withsediment or
excrementitious matter; muddy; thick; turbid.Both his hands most filthy feculent.
Spenser.
FECUND,Fruitful in children; prolific. Graunt.
FECUNDATE,To render fruitful or prolific; to impregnate; as, in flowersthe pollen
fecundates the ovum through the stigma.
FECUNDATION,The act by which, either in animals or plants, materialprepared by the
generative organs the female organism is brought incontact with matter from the
organs of the male, so that a neworganism results; impregnation; fertilization.
FECUNDIFY,To make fruitful; to fecundate. Johnson.
FED,imp. & p. p. of Feed.
FEDARY,A feodary. [Obs.] Shak.
FEDERAL,See Federalist.
FEDERALISM,the principles of Federalists or of federal union.
FEDERALIST,An advocate of confederation; specifically (Amer. Hist.), afriend of the
Constitution of the United States at its formation andadoption; a member of the
political party which favored theadministration of president Washington.
FEDERALIZE,To unite in compact, as different States; to confederate forpolitical
purposes; to unite by or under the Federal Constitution.Barlow.
FEDERARY,A partner; a confederate; an accomplice. [Obs.] hak.
FEDERATE,United by compact, as sovereignties, states, or nations; joinedin
confederacy; leagued; confederate; as, federate nations.
FEDERATIVE,Uniting in a league; forming a confederacy; federal. "Afederative
society." Burke.
FEDITY,Turpitude; vileness. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
FEE,A right to the use of a superior's land, as a stipend forservices to be
performed; also, the land so held; a fief.
FEE-FAW-FUM,A nonsensical exclamation attributed to giants and ogres;hence, any
expression calculated to impose upon the timid andignorant. "Impudent fee-faw-
fums." J. H. Newman.
FEEBLE,To make feble; to enfeeble. [Obs.]Shall that victorious hand be feebled here
Shak.
FEEBLE-MINDED,Weak in intellectual power; wanting firmness or constancy;irresolute;
vacilating; imbecile. "comfort the feeble-minded." 1Thess. v. 14.-- Fee"ble-
mind"ed*ness, n.
FEEBLENESS,The quality or condition of being feeble; debility; infirmity.That
shakes for age and feebleness. Shak.
FEEBLY,In a feeble manner.The restored church . . . contended feebly, and with half
a heart.Macaulay.
FEEDER,An auxiliary part of a machine which supplies or leads alongthe material
operated upon.
FEEJEE,See Fijian.
FEELER,One of the sense organs or certain animals (as insects), whichare used in
testing objects by touch and in searching for food; anantenna; a palp.Insects . . .
perpetually feeling and searching before them withtheir feelers or antennæ. Derham.
FEELINGLY,In a feeling manner; pathetically; sympathetically.
FEERE,A consort, husband or wife; a companion; a fere. [Obs.]
FEESE,the short run before a leap. [Obs.] Nares.
FEET,See Foot.
FEETLESS,Destitute of feet; as, feetless birds.
FEEZE,Fretful excitement. [Obs.] See Feaze.
FEHLING,See Fehling's solution, under Solution.
FEHMIC,See Vehmic.
FEIGNED,Not real or genuine; pretended; counterfeit; insincere; false."A feigned
friend." Shak.Give ear unto my prayer, that goeth not out of feigned lips. Ps.xvii.
1.-- Feign"ed*ly, adv.-- Feign"ed*ness, n.Her treacherous sister Judah hath not
turned unto me with her wholeheart, but feignedly. Jer. iii. 10.Feigned issue
(Law), an issue produced in a pretended action betweentwo parties for the purpose
of trying before a jury a question offact which it becomes necessary to settle in
the progress of a cause.Burill. Bouvier.
FEIGNER,One who feigns or pretends.
FEIGNING,That feigns; insincere; not genuine; false.-- Feign"ing*ly, adv.
FEINE,To feign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FEINT,Feigned; counterfeit. [Obs.]Dressed up into any feint appearance of it.
Locke.
FEITSUI,The Chinese name for a highly prized variety of pale greenjade. See Jade.
FEIZE,See Feeze, v. t.
FELANDERS,See Filanders.
FELE,Many. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FELICIFY,To make happy; to felicitate. [Obs.] Quarles.
FELICITATE,Made very happy. [Archaic]I am alone felicitate In your dear highness'
love. Shak.
FELICITATION,The act of felicitating; a wishing of joy or happiness;congratulation.
FELICITOUS,Characterized by felicity; happy; prosperous; delightful;skilful;
successful; happily applied or expressed; appropriate.Felicitous words and images.
M. Arnold.-- Fe*lic"i*tous*ly, adv.-- Fe*lic"i*tous*ness, n.
FELINE,Catlike; of or pertaining to the genus Felis, or family Felidæ;as, the
feline race; feline voracity.
FELIS,A genus of carnivorous mammals, including the domestic cat, thelion, tiger,
panther, and similar animals.
FELL,imp. of Fall.
FELLABLE,Fit to be felled.
FELLAH,A peasant or cultivator of the soil among the Egyptians,Syrians, etc. W. M.
Thomson.
FELLER,One who, or that which, fells, knocks or cuts down; a machinefor felling
trees.
FELLFARE,The fieldfare.
FELLIFLUOUS,Flowing with gall. [R.] Johnson.
FELLINIC,Of, relating to, or derived from, bile or gall; as, fellinicacid.
FELLMONGER,A dealer in fells or sheepskins, who separates the wool fromthe pelts.
FELLNESS,The quality or state of being fell or cruel; fierce barbarity.Spenser.
FELLOE,See Felly.
FELLON,Variant of Felon. [Obs.]Those two were foes the fellonest on ground.
Spenser.
FELLOW,To suit with; to pair with; to match. [Obs.] Shak.
FELLOW-COMMONER,A student at Cambridge University, England, who commons, ordines,
at the Fellow's table.
FELLOW-CREATURE,One of the same race or kind; one made by the same Creator.Reason,
by which we are raised above our fellow-creatures, thebrutes. I. Watts.
FELLOWFEEL,To share through sympathy; to participate in. [R.] D. Rodgers.
FELLOWLESS,Without fellow or equal; peerless.Whose well-built walls are rare and
fellowless. Chapman.
FELLOWLIKE,Like a companion; companionable; on equal terms; sympathetic.[Obs.]
Udall.
FELLOWLY,Fellowlike. [Obs.] Shak.
FELLOWSHIP,(Eccl.) To acknowledge as of good standing, or in communionaccording to
standards of faith and practice; to admit to Christianfellowship.
FELLY,, adv. In a fell or cruel manner; fiercely; barbarously;savagely. Spenser.
FELO-DE-SE,One who deliberately puts an end to his own existence, or loseshis life
while engaged in the commission of an unlawful or maliciousact; a suicide. Burrill.
FELON,A person who has committed a felony.
FELONIOUS,Having the quality of felony; malignant; malicious;
villainous;traitorous; perfidious; in a legal sense, done with intent to commita
crime; as, felonious homicide.O thievish Night, Why should'st thou, but for some
felonious end, Inthy dark lantern thus close up the stars Milton.--
Fe*lo"ni`ous*ly, adv.-- Fe*lo"ni`ous*ness, n.
FELONOUS,Wicked; felonious. [Obs.] Spenser.
FELONRY,A body of felons; specifically, the convict population of apenal colony.
Howitt.
FELONWORT,The bittersweet nightshade (Solanum Dulcamara). SeeBittersweet.
FELONY,An act on the part of the vassal which cost him his fee byforfeiture.
Burrill.
FELSITE,A finegrained rock, flintlike in fracture, consistingessentially of
orthoclase feldspar with occasional grains of quartz.
FELSITIC,relating to, composed of, or containing, felsite.
FELSPATHIC,See Feldspathic.
FELSTONE,See Felsite.
FELT GRAIN,, the grain of timber which is transverse to the annular ringsor plates;
the direction of the medullary rays in oak and some othertimber. Knight.
FELT,imp. & p. p. or a. from Feel.
FELTER,To clot or mat together like felt.His feltered locks that on his bosom fell.
Fairfax.
FELTRY,See Felt, n. [Obs.]
FELUCCA,A small, swift-sailing vessel, propelled by oars and lateensails, -- once
common in the Mediterranean.
FELWORT,A European herb (Swertia perennis) of the Gentian family.
FEMALE FERN,a common species of fern with large decompound fronds(Asplenium
Filixfæmina), growing in many countries; lady fern.
FEMALE RHYMES,double rhymes, or rhymes (called in French feminine rhymesbecause
they end in e weak, or feminine) in which two syllables, anaccented and an
unaccented one, correspond at the end of each line.
FEMALE,A plant which produces only that kind of reproductive organswhich are
capable of developing into fruit after impregnation orfertilization; a pistillate
plant.
FEMALIST,A gallant. [Obs.]Courting her smoothly like a femalist. Marston.
FEMALIZE,To make, or to describe as, female or feminine. Shaftesbury.
FEME,A woman. Burrill. Feme covert (Law), a married woman. SeeCovert, a., 3.-- Feme
sole (Law), a single or unmarried woman; a woman who hasnever been married, or who
has been divorced, or whose husband isdead.-- Feme sole trader or merchant (Eng.
Law), a married woman, by thecustom of London, engages in business on her own
account, inpendentlyof her husband.
FEMERAL,See Femerell.
FEMERELL,A lantern, or louver covering, placed on a roof, forventilation or escape
of smoke.
FEMINAL,Feminine. [Obs.] West.
FEMINALITY,Feminity.
FEMINATE,Feminine. [Obs.]
FEMINEITY,Womanliness; femininity. C. Read
FEMININE RHYME,See Female rhyme, under Female, a.
FEMININE,Any one of those words which are the appellations of females,or which have
the terminations usually found in such words; as,actress, songstress, abbess,
executrix.There are but few true feminines in English. Latham.
FEMININELY,In a feminine manner. Byron.
FEMININENESS,The quality of being feminine; womanliness; womanishness.
FEMINITY,Womanliness; femininity. [Obs.] "Trained up in true feminity."Spenser.
FEMINIZATION,The act of feminizing, or the state of being feminized.
FEMINIZE,To make womanish or effeminate. Dr. H. More.
FEMINYE,The people called Amazons. [Obs.] "[The reign of] feminye."Chaucer.
FEMME,A woman. See Feme, n. Femme de chambre. Etym: [F.] A lady'smaid; a
chambermaid.
FEMORAL,Pertaining to the femur or thigh; as, the femoral artery."Femoral
habiliments." Sir W. Scott.
FEN CRICKET,The mole cricket. [Prov. Eng.]
FEN,Low land overflowed, or covered wholly or partially with water,but producing
sedge, coarse grasses, or other aquatic plants; boggyland; moor; marsh.'Mid reedy
fens wide spread. Wordsworth.
FEN-SUCKED,Sucked out of marches. "Fen-sucked fogs." Shak.
FENCE MONTH,the month in which female deer are fawning, when hunting isprohibited.
Bullokar.-- Fence roof, a covering for defense. "They fitted their shieldsclose to
one another in manner of a fence roof." Holland. Fence time,the breeding time of
fish or game, when they should not be killed.-- Rail fence, a fence made of rails,
sometimes supported by posts.-- Ring fence, a fence which encircles a large area,
or a wholeestate, within one inclosure.-- Worm fence, a zigzag fence composed of
rails crossing one anotherat their ends; -- called also snake fence, or Virginia
rail fence.-- To be on the fence, to be undecided or uncommitted in respect totwo
opposing parties or policies. [Colloq.]
FENCE,A projection on the bolt, which passes through the tumblergates in locking
and unlocking.
FENCEFUL,Affording defense; defensive. [Obs.] Congreve.
FENCELESS,Without a fence; uninclosed; open; unguarded; defenseless.Milton.
FENCER,One who fences; one who teaches or practices the art of fencingwith sword or
foil.As blunt as the fencer's foils. Shak.
FENCI-BLE,Capable of being defended, or of making or affording defense.[Obs.]No
fort so fencible, nor walls so strong. Spenser.
FENCIBLE,A soldier enlisted for home service only; -- usually in the pl.
FEND,A fiend. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FENDER,One who or that which defends or protects by warding off harm;as:(a) A
screen to prevent coals or sparks of an open fire from escapingto the floor.(b)
Anything serving as a cushion to lessen the shock when a vesselcomes in contact
with another vessel or a wharf.(c) A screen to protect a carriage from mud thrown
off the wheels:also, a splashboard.(d) Anything set up to protect an exposed angle,
as of a house, fromdamage by carriage wheels.
FENDLICHE,Fiendlike. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FENERATE,To put money to usury; to lend on interest. [Obs.] Cockeram.
FENERATION,The act of fenerating; interest. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FENES-TELLA,Any small windowlike opening or recess, esp. one to show therelics
within an altar, or the like.
FENESTRA,A small opening; esp., one of the apertures, closed bymembranes, between
the tympanum and internal ear.
FENESTRAL,Pertaining to a window or to windows.
FENESTRATE,Having transparent spots, as the wings of certain butterflies.
FENESTRATED,Having windows; characterized by windows.
FENESTRATION,The arrangement and proportioning of windows; -- used by modernwriters
for the decorating of an architectural composition by meansof the window (and door)
openings, their ornaments, and proportions.
FENESTRULE,One of the openings in a fenestrated structure.
FENG-HWANG,A pheasantlike bird of rich plumage and graceful form andmovement,
fabled to appear in the land on the accession of a sage tothe throne, or when right
principles are about to prevail. It isoften represented on porcelains and other
works of art.
FENG-SHUI,A system of spirit influences for good and evil believed by theChinese to
attend the natural features of landscape; also, a kind ofgeomancy dealing with
these influences, used in determining sites forgraves, houses, etc.
FENGITE,A kind of marble or alabaster, sometimes used for windows onaccount of its
transparency.
FENIAN,A member of a secret organization, consisting mainly ofIrishment, having for
its aim the overthrow of English rule inireland.
FENIANISM,The principles, purposes, and methods of the Fenians.
FENKS,The refuse whale blubber, used as a manure, and in themanufacture of Prussian
blue. Ure.
FENNEC,A small, African, foxlike animal (Vulpes zerda) of a pale fawncolor,
remarkable for the large size of its ears.
FENNEL,A perennial plant of the genus Fæniculum (F.vulgare), havingvery finely
divided leaves. It is cultivated in gardens for theagreeable aromatic flavor of its
seeds.Smell of sweetest fennel. Milton.A sprig of fennel was in fact the
theological smelling bottle of thetender sex. S. G. Goodrich.Azorean, or Sweet,
fennel, (Fæniculum dulce). It is a smaller andstouter plant than the common fennel,
and is used as a pot herb.-- Dog's fennel (Anthemis Cotula), a foul-smelling
European weed; --called also mayweed.-- Fennel flower (Bot.), an herb (Nigella) of
the Buttercup family,having leaves finely divided, like those of the fennel.
N.Damascenais common in gardens. N.sativa furnishes the fennel seed, used as
acondiment, etc., in India. These seeds are the "fitches" mentioned inIsaiah
(xxviii. 25).-- Fennel water (Med.), the distilled water of fennel seed. It
isstimulant and carminative.-- Giant fennel (Ferula communis), has stems full of
pith, which, itis said, were used to carry fire, first, by Prometheus.-- Hog's
fennel, a European plant (Peucedanum officinale) lookingsomething like fennel.
FENNISH,Abounding in fens; fenny.
FENNY,Pertaining to, or inhabiting, a fen; abounding in fens; swampy;boggy. "Fenny
snake." Shak.
FENOWED,Corrupted; decayed; moldy. See Vinnewed. [Obs.] Dr. Favour.
FENSI-BLE,Fencible. [Obs.] Spenser.
FENUGREEK,A plant (trigonella Foenum Græcum) cultivated for its strong-smelling
seeds, which are "now only used for giving false importanceto horse medicine and
damaged hay." J. Smith (Pop. Names of Plants,1881).
FEOD,A feud. See 2d Feud. Blackstone.
FEODAL,Feudal. See Feudal.
FEODALITY,Feudal tenure; the feudal system. See Feudality. Burke.
FEODARY,An ancient officer of the court of wards. Burrill.
FEODATORY,See Feudatory.
FEOFF,, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Feoffed; p. pr. & vb. n.. Feoffing.]Etym: [OE. feffen,
OF. feffer, fieffer, F. fieffer, fr. fief fief;cf. LL. feoffare, fefare. See Fief.]
(Law)
FEOFFEE,The person to whom a feoffment is made; the person enfeoffed.
FEOFFMENT,One who enfeoffs or grants a fee.
FER,Far. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FER-DE-LANCE,A large, venomous serpent (Trigonocephalus lanceolatus) ofBrazil and
the West Indies. It is allied to the rattlesnake, but hasno rattle.
FERACIOUS,Fruitful; producing abudantly. [R.] Thomson.
FERACITY,The state of being feracious or fruitful. [Obs.] Beattie.
FERAE NATURAE,Of a wild nature; -- applied to animals, as foxes, wild ducks,etc.,
in which no one can claim property.
FERAE,A group of mammals which formerly included the Carnivora,Insectivora,
Marsupialia, and lemurs, but is now often restricted tothe Carnivora.
FERAL,Wild; untamed; ferine; not domesticated; -- said of beasts,birds, and plants.
feral child, not raised by humans
FERDE,imp. of Fare. Chaucer.
FERDING,A measure of land mentioned in Domesday Book. It is supposed tohave
consisted of a few acres only. [Obs.]
FERDNESS,Fearfulness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERE,A mate or companion; -- often used of a wife. [Obs.] [Writtenalso fear and
feere.] Chaucer.And Cambel took Cambrina to his fere. Spenser.In fere, together; in
company. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERETORY,A portable bier or shrine, variously adorned, used forcontaining relics of
saints. Mollett.
FERFORTH,Far forth. [Obs.] As ferforth as, as far as.-- So ferforth, to such a
degree.
FERFORTHLY,Ferforth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERGUSONITE,A mineral of a brownish black color, essentially a tantalo-niobate of
yttrium, erbium, and cerium; -- so called after RobertFerguson.
FERIA,A week day, esp. a day which is neither a festival nor a fast.Shipley.
FERIAL,Same as Feria.
FERIATION,The act of keeping holiday; cessation from work. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
FERIE,A holiday. [Obs.] Bullokar.
FERIER,, compar. of Fere, fierce. [Obs.]Rhenus ferier than the cataract. Marston.
FERINE,Wild; untamed; savage; as, lions, tigers, wolves, and bears areferine
beasts. Sir M. Hale.-- n.
FERINGEE,The name given to Europeans by the Hindos. [Written alsoFeringhee.]
FERITY,Wildness; savageness; fierceness. [Obs.] Woodward.
FERLY,Singular; wonderful; extraordinary. [Obs.] -- n.
FERMACY,Medicine; pharmacy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERMENT,To cause ferment of fermentation in; to set in motion; toexcite internal
emotion in; to heat.Ye vigorous swains! while youth ferments your blood. Pope.
FERMENTABILITY,Capability of fermentation.
FERMENTABLE,Capable of fermentation; as, cider and other vegetable liquorsare
fermentable.
FERMENTAL,Fermentative. [Obs.]
FERMENTATION THEORY,The theory which likens the course of certain diseases
(esp.infectious diseases) to the process of fermentation, and attributesthem to the
organized ferments in the body. It does not differmaterially from the accepted germ
theory (which see).
FERMENTATIVE,Causing, or having power to cause, fermentation; produced
byfermentation; fermenting; as, a fermentative process.-- Fer*ment"a*tive*ly,
adv.-- Fer*ment"a*tive*ness, n.
FERMERERE,The officer in a religious house who had the care of theinfirmary. [Obs.]
FERMETURE,The mechanism for closing the breech of a breech-loadingfirearm, in
artillery consisting principally of the breechblock,obturator, and carrier ring.
FERMILLET,A buckle or clasp. [Obs.] Donne.
FERN,Long ago. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERNERY,A place for rearing ferns.
FERNTICLE,A freckle on the skin, resembling the seed of fern. [Prov.Eng.]
FERNY,Abounding in ferns.
FEROCIOUS,Fierce; savage; wild; indicating cruelty; ravenous; rapacious;as,
ferocious look or features; a ferocious lion.The humbled power of a ferocious
enemy. Lowth.
FEROCITY,Savage wildness or fierceness; fury; cruelty; as, ferocity
ofcountenance.The pride and ferocity of a Highland chief. Macaulay.
FEROHER,A symbol of the solar deity, found on monuments exhumed inBabylon, Nineveh,
etc.
FEROUS,Wild; savage. [R.] Arthur Wilson.
FERRANDINE,A stuff made of silk and wool.I did buy a colored silk ferrandine.
Pepys.
FERRANTI PHENOMENON,An increase in the ratio of transformation of an
alternatingcurrent converter, accompanied by other changes in electricalconditions,
occurring when the secondary of the converter isconnected with a condenser of
moderate capacity; -- so called becausefirst observed in connection with the
Ferranti cables in London.
FERRARA,A sword bearing the mark of one of the Ferrara family of Italy.These swords
were highly esteemed in England and Scotland in the 16thand 17th centuries.
FERRARESE,Pertaining to Ferrara, in Italy.-- n., sing. & pl.
FERRARY,The art of working in iron. [Obs.] Chapman.
FERRATE,A salt of ferric acid.
FERREOUS,Partaking of, made of, or pertaining to, iron; like iron.[Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
FERREST,superl. of Fer. Chaucer.
FERRET,An animal of the Weasel family (Mustela or Putorius furo),about fourteen
inches in length, of a pale yellow or white color,with red eyes. It is a native of
Africa, but has been domesticated inEurope. Ferrets are used to drive rabbits and
rats out of theirholes.
FERRET-EYE,The spur-winged goose; -- so called from the red circle aroundthe eyes.
FERRETER,One who ferrets. Johnson.
FERRETTO,Copper sulphide, used to color glass. Hebert.
FERRI-,A combining form indicating ferric iron as an ingredient; as,ferricyanide.
FERRIAGE,The price or fare to be paid for passage at a ferry.
FERRIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing iron. Specifically(Chem.),
denoting those compounds in which iron has a higher valencethan in the ferrous
compounds; as, ferric oxide; ferric acid. Ferricacid (Chem.), an acid, H2FeO4,
which is not known in the free state,but forms definite salts, analogous to the
chromates and sulphates.-- Ferric oxide (Chem.), sesquioxide of iron, Fe2O3;
hematite. SeeHematite.
FERRICYANATE,A salt of ferricyanic acid; a ferricyanide.
FERRICYANIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, a ferricyanide. Ferricyanicacid
(Chem.), a brown crystalline substance, H6(CN)12Fe2, obtainedfrom potassium
ferricyanide, and regarded as the type of theferricyanides; -- called also hydro-
ferricyanic acid, hydrogenferricyanide, etc.
FERRICYANIDE,One of a complex series of double cyanides of ferric iron andsome
other base. Potassium ferricyanide (Chem.), red prussiate ofpotash; a dark, red,
crystalline salt, K6(CN)12Fe2, consisting of thedouble cyanide of potassium and
ferric iron. From it is derived theferrous ferricyanate, Turnbull's blue.
FERRIER,A ferryman. Calthrop.
FERRIFEROUS,Producing or yielding iron.
FERRIPRUSSIATE,A ferricyanate; a ferricyanide. [R.]
FERRIPRUSSIC,Ferricyanic. [R.]
FERRIS WHEEL,An amusement device consisting of a giant power-driven steelwheel,
revolvable on its stationary axle, and carrying a number ofbalanced passenger cars
around its rim; -- so called after G. W. G.Ferris, American engineer, who erected
the first of its kind for theWorld's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893.
FERRO-,A prefix, or combining form, indicating ferrous iron as aningredient; as,
ferrocyanide.
FERRO-CONCRETE,Concrete strengthened by a core or foundation skeleton of ironor
steel bars, strips, etc. Floors, columns, piles, water pipes,etc., have been
successfully made of it. Called also armored concretesteel, and reënforced
concrete.
FERROCALCITE,Limestone containing a large percentage of iron carbonate, andhence
turning brown on exposure.
FERROCYANATE,A salt of ferrocyanic acid; a ferrocyanide.
FERROCYANIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a ferrocyanide.ferrocyanic
acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, H4(CN)6Fe,of strong acid properties,
obtained from potassium ferrocyanide, andregarded as the type of the ferrocyanides;
-- called also hydro-ferrocyanic acid, hydrogen ferrocyanide. etc.
FERROCYANIDE,One of a series of complex double cyanides of ferrous iron andsome
other base. Potassium ferrocyanide (Chem.), yellow prussiate ofpotash; a tough,
yellow, crystalline salt, K4(CN)6Fe, the startingpoint in the manufacture of almost
all cyanogen compounds, and thebasis of the ferric ferrocyanate, prussian blue. It
is obtained bystrongly heating together potash, scrap iron, and animal
mattercontaining nitrogen, as horn, leather, blood, etc., in iron pots.
FERROPRUSSIATE,A ferrocyanate; a ferocyanide. [R.]
FERROPRUSSIC,Ferrocyanic.
FERROSO-,See Ferro-.
FERROTYPE,A photographic picture taken on an iron plate by a collodionprocess; --
familiarly called tintype.
FERROUS,Pertaining to, or derived from, iron; -- especially used ofcompounds of
iron in which the iron has its lower valence; as,ferrous sulphate.
FERRUGINATED,Having the color or properties of the rust of iron.
FERRUGINEOUS,Ferruginous. [R.]
FERRUGO,A disease of plants caused by fungi, commonly called the rust,from its
resemblance to iron rust in color.
FERRULE,A bushing for expanding the end of a flue to fasten it tightlyin the tube
plate, or for partly filling up its mouth.
FERRUMINATE,To solder or unite, as metals. [R.] Coleridge.
FERRUMINATION,The soldering ir uniting of me [R.] Coleridge.
FERRY,To carry or transport over a river, strait, or other narrowwater, in a boat.
FERRYBOAT,A vessel for conveying passengers, merchandise, etc., acrossstreams and
other narrow waters.
FERRYMAN,One who maintains or attends a ferry.
FERS,Fierce. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERTHE,Fourth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FERTILELY,In a fertile or fruitful manner.
FERTILENESS,Fertility. Sir P. Sidney.
FERTILITATE,To fertilize; to fecundate. Sir T. Browne.
FERTILITY,The state or quality of being fertile or fruitful;fruitfulness;
productiveness; fecundity; richness; abundance ofresources; fertile invention;
quickness; readiness; as, the fertilityof soil, or of imagination. "fertility of
resource." E. Everett.And all her husbandry doth lie on heaps Corrupting in its
ownfertility. Shak.Thy very weeds are beautiful; thy waste More rich than other
climes'fertility. Byron.
FERTILIZATION,The act of fecundating or impregnating animal or vegetablegerms;
esp., the process by which in flowers the pollen renders theovule fertile, or an
analogous process in flowerless plants;fecundation; impregnation. Close
fertilization (Bot.), thefertilization of pistils by pollen derived from the
stamens of thesame blossom.-- Cross fertilization, fertilization by pollen from
some otherblossom. See under Cross, a.
FERULACEOUS,Pertaining to reeds and canes; having a stalk like a reed;
as,ferulaceous plants.
FERULAR,A ferule. [Obs.] Milton.
FERULE,A flat piece of wood, used for striking, children, esp. on thehand, in
punishment.
FERULIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, asafetida (Ferula asafoetida);as, ferulic
acid. [Written also ferulaic.]
FERVENCE,Heat; fervency. [Obs.]
FERVENCY,The state of being fervent or warm; ardor; warmth of feeling ordevotion;
eagerness.When you pray, let it be with attention, with fervency, and
withperseverance. Wake.
FERVESCENT,Growing hot.
FESCENNINE,Pertaining to, or resembling, the Fescennines.-- n.
FESCUE,A grass of the genus Festuca. Fescue grass (Bot.), a genus ofgrasses
(Festuca) containing several species of importance inagriculture. Festuca ovina is
sheep's fescue; F. elatior is meadowfescue.
FESELS,See Phasel. [Obs.] May (Georgics).
FESSITUDE,Weariness. [Obs.] Bailey.
FESSWISE,In the manner of fess.
FEST,The fist. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FESTAL,Of or pertaining to a holiday or a feast; joyous; festive.You bless with
choicer wine the festal day. Francis.
FESTALLY,Joyously; festively; mirthfully.
FESTENNINE,A fescennine.
FESTER,To cause to fester or rankle.For which I burnt in inward, swelt'ring hate,
And fstered rankingmalice in my breast. Marston.
FESTERMENT,A festering. [R.] Chalmers.
FESTEYE,To feast; to entertain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FESTI-VAL,A time of feasting or celebration; an anniversary day of joy,civil or
religious.The morning trumpets festival proclaimed. Milton.
FESTINATE,Hasty; hurried. [Obs.] -- Fes"ti*nate*ly, adv. [Obs.] Shak.
FESTINATION,Haste; hurry. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FESTIVAL,Pertaining to a fest; festive; festal; appropriate to afestival; joyous;
mirthful.I cannot woo in festival terms. Shak.
FESTIVE,Pertaining to, or becoming, a feast; festal; joyous; gay;mirthful;
sportive.-- Fes"tive*ly, adv.The glad circle round them yield their souls To
festive mirth and witthat knows no gall. Thomson.
FESTIVOUS,Pertaining to a feast; festive. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
FESTLICH,Festive; fond of festive occasions. [Obs.] "A festlich man."Chaucer.
FESTOON,A carved ornament consisting of flowers, and leaves, intermixedor twisted
together, wound with a ribbon, and hanging or depending ina natural curve. See
Illust. of Bucranium.
FESTOONY,Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, festoons. Sir J.Herschel.
FESTUCINE,Of a straw color; greenish yellow. [Obs.]A little insect of a festucine
or pale green. Sir T. Browne.
FESTUCOUS,Formed or consisting of straw. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FESTUE,A straw; a fescue. [Obs.] Holland.
FET,A piece. [Obs.] Dryton.
FETAL,Pertaining to, or connected with, a fetus; as, fetalcirculation; fetal
membranes.
FETATION,The formation of a fetus in the womb; pregnancy.
FETCH,To bring one's self; to make headway; to veer; as, to fetchabout; to fetch to
windward. Totten. To fetch away (Naut.), to breakloose; to roll slide to leeward.--
To fetch and carry, to serve obsequiously, like a trainedspaniel.
FETCHER,One wo fetches or brings.
FETE,A feat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FETICIDE,The act of killing the fetus in the womb; the offense ofprocuring an
abortion.
FETICISM,See Fetichism.
FETID,Having an offensive smell; stinking.Most putrefactions . . . smell either
fetid or moldy. Bacon.
FETIDITY,Fetidness.
FETIDNESS,The quality or state of being fetid.
FETIFEROUS,Producing young, as animals.
FETIS,Neat; pretty; well made; graceful. [Obs.]Full fetis was her cloak, as I was
ware. Chaucer.
FETISELY,Neatly; gracefully; properly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FETLOCK,The cushionlike projection, bearing a tuft of long hair, on theback side of
the leg above the hoof of the horse and similar animals.Also, the joint of the limb
at this point (between the great pasternbone and the metacarpus), or the tuft of
hair.Their wounded steeds Fret fetlock deep in gore. Shak.
FETOR,A strong, offensive smell; stench; fetidness. Arbuthnot.
FETTE,To fetch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FETTER,1. To put fetters upon; to shakle or confine the feet of with achain; to
bind.My heels are fettered, but my fist is free. Milton.
FETTERED,Seeming as if fettered, as the feet pf certain animals whichbend backward,
and appear unfit for walking.
FETTERER,One who fetters. Landor.
FETTERLESS,Free from fetters. Marston.
FETTLE,1. To repair; to prepare; to put in order. [Prov. Eng.]Carlyle.
FETTLING,A mixture of ore, cinders, etc., used to line the hearth of apuddling
furnace. [Eng.] [It is commonly called fix in the UnitedStates.]
FETUOUS,Neat; feat. [Obs.] Herrick.
FETUS,The young or embryo of an animal in the womb, or in the egg;often restricted
to the later stages in the development of viviparousand oviparous animals, embryo
being applied to the earlier stages.[Written also foetus.]
FETWAH,A written decision of a Turkish mufti on some point of law.Whitworth.
FEU DE JOIE,A fire kindled in a public place in token of joy; a bonfire; afiring of
guns in token of joy.
FEU,A free and gratuitous right to lands made to one for service tobe performed by
him; a tenure where the vassal, in place of militaryservices, makes a return in
grain or in money. Burrill.
FEUAR,One who holds a feu. Sir W. Scott.
FEUD,A stipendiary estate in land, held of superior, by service; theright which a
vassal or tenant had to the lands or other immovablething of his lord, to use the
same and take the profists thereofhereditarily, rendering to his superior such
duties and services asbelong to military tenure, etc., the property of the soil
alwaysremaining in the lord or superior; a fief; a fee.
FEUDALISM,The feudal system; a system by which the holding of estates inland is
made dependent upon an obligation to render military serviceto the kind or feudal
superior; feudal principles and usages.
FEUDALIST,An upholder of feudalism.
FEUDALITY,The state or quality of being feudal; feudal form orconstitution. Burke.
FEUDALIZATION,The act of reducing to feudal tenure.
FEUDALIZE,To reduce toa feudal tenure; to conform to feudalism.
FEUDALLY,In a feudal manner.
FEUDARY,Held by, or pertaining to, feudal tenure.
FEUDATARY,See Feudatory.
FEUDATORY,A tenant or vassal who held his lands of a superior oncondition of feudal
service; the tenant of a feud or fief.The grantee . . . was styled the feudatory or
vassal. Blackstone.[He] had for feudatories great princes. J. H. Newman.
FEUDIST,A writer on feuds; a person versed in feudal law. Spelman.
FEUILLANTS,A reformed branch of the Bernardines, founded in 1577 atFeuillans, near
Toulouse, in France.
FEUILLEMORT,Having the color of a faded leaf. Locke.
FEUILLETON,A part of a French newspaper (usually the bottom of the page),devoted to
light literature, criticism, etc.; also, the article ortale itself, thus printed.
FEUILLTONIST,A writer of feuilletons. F. Harrison.
FEUTER,To set close; to fix in rest, as a spear. Spenser.
FEUTERER,A dog keeper. [Obs.] Massinger.
FEVER,A diseased state of the system, marked by increased heat,acceleration of the
pulse, and a general derangement of thefunctions, including usually, thirst and
loss of appetite. Manydiseases, of which fever is the most prominent symptom,
aredenominated fevers; as, typhoid fever; yellow fever.
FEVERET,A slight fever. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
FEVERFEW,A perennial plant (Pyrethrum, or Chrysanthemum, Parthenium)allied to
camomile, having finely divided leaves and white blossoms;-- so named from its
supposed febrifugal qualities.
FEVEROUSLY,Feverishly. [Obs.] Donne.
FEVERWORT,See Fever root, under Fever.
FEVERY,Feverish. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
FEW,Not many; small, limited, or confined in number; -- indicatinga small portion
of units or individuals constituing a whole; often,by ellipsis of a noun, a few
people. "Are not my days few" Job x. 20.Few know and fewer care. Proverb.
FEWEL,Fuel. [Obs.] Hooker.
FEWMET,See Fumet. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
FEY,Fated; doomed. [Old Eng. & Scot.]
FEYNE,To feign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FEYRE,A fair or market. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FEZ,A felt or cloth cap, usually red and having a tassel, -- avariety of the
tarboosh. See Tarboosh. B. Taylor.
FIACRE,A kind of French hackney coach.
FIANCE,To betroth; to affiance. [Obs.] Harmar.
FIANCEE,A betrothed woman.
FIANTS,The dung of the fox, wolf, boar, or badger.
FIAR,One in whom the property of an estate is vested, subject to theestate of a
life renter.I am fiar of the lands; she a life renter. Sir W. Scott.
FIASCO,A complete or ridiculous failure, esp. of a musicalperformance, or of any
pretentious undertaking.
FIAUNT,Commission; fiat; order; decree. [Obs.] Spenser.
FIB,A falsehood; a lie; -- used euphemistically.They are very serious; they don't
tell fibs. H. James.
FIBBER,One who tells fibs.
FIBRIFORM,Having the form of a fiber or fibers; resembling a fiber.
FIBRIL,A small fiber; the branch of a fiber; a very slender thread; afibrilla.
Cheyne.
FIBRILLA,A minute thread of fiber, as one of the fibrous elements of amuscular
fiber; a fibril.
FIBRILLAR,Of or pertaining to fibrils or fibers; as, fibrillartwitchings.
FIBRILLARY,Of of pertaining to fibrils.
FIBRILLATED,Furnished with fibrils; fringed.
FIBRILLATION,The state of being reduced to fibers. Carpenter.
FIBRILLOSE,Covered with hairlike appendages, as the under surface of somelichens;
also, composed of little strings or fibers; as, fibrilloseappendages.
FIBRILLOUS,Pertaining to, or composed of, fibers.
FIBRINATION,The state of acquiring or having an excess of fibrin.
FIBRINE,Belonging to the fibers of plants.
FIBRINOGEN,An albuminous substance existing in the blood, and in otheranimal
fluids, which either alone or with fibrinoplastin orparaglobulin forms fibrin, and
thus causes coagulation.
FIBRINOGENOUS,Possessed of properties similar to fibrinogen; capable offorming
fibrin.
FIBRINOPLASTIC,Like fibrinoplastin; capable of forming fibrin when brought
incontact with fibrinogen.
FIBRINOPLASTIN,An albuminous substance, existing in the blood, which incombination
with fibrinogen forms fibrin; -- called alsoparaglobulin.
FIBRINOUS,Having, or partaking of the properties of, fibrin; as, fibriousexudation.
FIBROCARTILAGE,A kind of cartilage with a fibrous matrix and approachingfibrous
connective tissue in structure.-- Fi`bro*car`ti*lag"i*nous, a.
FIBROCHONDROSTEAL,Partly fibrous, partly cartilaginous, and partly osseous.
St.George Mivart.
FIBROID,Resembling or forming fibrous tissue; made up of fibers; as,fibroid
tumors.-- n.
FIBROIN,A variety of gelatin; the chief ingredient of raw silk,extracted as a white
amorphous mass.
FIBROLITE,A silicate of alumina, of fibrous or columnar structure. It islike
andalusite in composition; -- called also sillimanite, andbucholizite.
FIBROMA,A tumor consisting mainly of fibrous tissue, or of samemodification of such
tissue.
FIBROSPONGIAE,An order of sponges having a fibrous skeleton, including
thecommercial sponges.
FIBROUS,Containing, or consisting of, fibers; as, the fibrous coat ofthe cocoanut;
the fibrous roots of grasses.-- Fi"brous*ness, n.
FIBROVASCULAR,Containing woody fiber and ducts, as the stems of all floweringplants
and ferns; -- opposed to cellular.
FIBSTER,One who tells fibs. [Jocular]
FIBU-LAR,Pertaining to the fibula.
FIBULA,The outer and usually the smaller of the two bones of the leg,or hind limb,
below the knee.
FIBULARE,The bone or cartilage of the tarsus, which articulates with thefibula, and
corresponds to the calcaneum in man and most mammals.
FICE,A small dog; -- written also fise, fyce, fiste, etc. [SouthernU.S.]
FICHE,See FitchÉ.
FICHTELITE,A white crystallized mineral resin from the Fichtelgebirge,Bavaria.
FICHU,A light cape, usually of lace, worn by women, to cover the neckand throat,
and extending to the shoulders.
FICKLE,Not fixed or firm; liable to change; unstable; of a changeablemind; not firm
in opinion or purpose; inconstant; capricious; as,Fortune's fickle wheel. Shak.They
know how fickle common lovers are. Dryden.
FICKLENESS,The quality of being fickle; instability; inconsonancy. Shak.
FICKLY,In a fickle manner. [Obs.] Pepys.
FICO,A fig; an insignificant trifle, no more than the snap of one'sthumb; a sign of
contempt made by the fingers, expressing. A fig foryou.Steal! foh, a fico for the
phrase. Shak.
FICTILE,Molded, or capable of being molded, into form by art; relatingto pottery or
to molding in any soft material.Fictile earth is more fragile than crude earth.
Bacon.The earliest specimens of Italian fictile art. C. Wordsworth.Fictile ware,
ware made of any material which is molded or shapedwhile soft; hence, pottery of
any sort.-- Fic"tile*ness, n.-- Fic*til"i*ty, n.
FICTION,An assumption of a possible thing as a fact, irrespective ofthe question of
its truth. Wharton.
FICTIONAL,Pertaining to, or characterized by, fiction;
fictitious;romantic."Fictional rather than historical." Latham.
FICTIONIST,A writer of fiction. [R.] Lamb.
FICTIOUS,Fictitious. [R.] Prior.
FICTITIOUS,Feigned; imaginary; not real; fabulous; counterfeit; false; notgenuine;
as, fictitious fame.The human persons are as fictitious as the airy ones. Pope.--
Fic*ti"tious*ly, adv.-- Fic*ti"tious*ness, n.
FICTIVE,Feigned; counterfeit. "The fount of fictive tears." Tennyson.
FICTOR,An artist who models or forms statues and reliefs in anyplastic material.
[R.] Elmes.
FICUS,A genus of trees or shrubs, one species of which (F. Carica)produces the figs
of commerce; the fig tree.
FID,A square bar of wood or iron, used to support the topmast,being passed through
a hole or mortise at its heel, and resting onthe trestle trees.
FIDALGO,The lowest title of nobility in Portugal, corresponding to thatof Hidalgo
in Spain.
FIDDLE,A stringed instrument of music played with a bow; a violin; akit.
FIDDLE-FADDLE,A trifle; trifling talk; nonsense. [Colloq.] Spectator.
FIDDLE-SHAPED,Inversely ovate, with a deep hollow on each side. Gray.
FIDDLEDEEDEE,An exclamatory word or phrase, equivalent to nonsense![Colloq.]
FIDDLER,A burrowing crab of the genus Gelasimus, of many species. Themale has one
claw very much enlarged, and often holds it in aposition similar to that in which a
musician holds a fiddle, hencethe name; -- called also calling crab, soldier crab,
and fightingcrab.
FIDDLESTICK,The bow, strung with horsehair, used in playing the fiddle; afiddle
bow.
FIDDLESTRING,One of the catgut strings of a fiddle.
FIDDLEWOOD,The wood of several West Indian trees, mostly of the genusCitharexylum.
FIDEJUSSION,The act or state of being bound as surety for another;suretyship.
FIDEJUSSOR,A surety; one bound for another, conjointly with him; aguarantor.
Blackstone.
FIDELITY,Faithfulness; adherence to right; careful and exact observanceof duty, or
discharge of obligations. Especially:(a) Adherence to a person or party to which
one is bound; loyalty.Whose courageous fidelity was proof to all danger.
Macaulay.The best security for the fidelity of men is to make interestcoincide with
duty. A. Hamilton.
FIDES,Faith personified as a goddess; the goddess of faith.
FIDGE,See Fidget. [R.] Swift.
FIDGET,To move uneasily one way and the other; to move irregularly, orby fits and
starts. Moore.
FIDGETINESS,Quality of being fidgety.
FIDGETY,Restless; uneasy. Lowell.
FIDIA,A genus of small beetles, of which one species (the grapevineFidia, F.
longipes) is very injurious to vines in America.
FIDICINAL,Of or pertaining to a stringed instrument.
FIDUCIALLY,With confidence. South.
FIDUCIARY,One who depends for salvation on faith, without works; anAntinomian.
Hammond.
FIE,An exclamation denoting contempt or dislike. See Fy. Fuller.
FIEF,An estate held of a superior on condition of military service;a fee; a feud.
See under Benefice, n., 2.
FIELD,The whole surface of an escutcheon; also, so much of it isshown unconcealed
by the different bearings upon it. See Illust. ofFess, where the field is
represented as gules (red), while the fessis argent (silver).
FIELDED,Engaged in the field; encamped. [Obs.]To help fielded friends. Shak.
FIELDEN,Consisting of fields. [Obs.]The fielden country also and plains. Holland.
FIELDER,A ball payer who stands out in the field to catch or stopballs.
FIELDFARE,a small thrush (Turdus pilaris) which breeds in northern Europeand
winters in Great Britain. The head, nape, and lower part of theback are ash-
colored; the upper part of the back and wing coverts,chestnut; -- called also
fellfare.
FIELDING,The act of playing as a fielder.
FIELDPIECE,A cannon mounted on wheels, for the use of a marching army; apiece of
field artillery; -- called also field gun.
FIELDWORK,Any temporary fortification thrown up by an army in the field;-- commonly
in the plural.All works which do not come under the head of permanent
fortificationare called fieldworks. Wilhelm.
FIELDY,Open, like a field. [Obs.] Wyclif.
FIEND,An implacable or malicious foe; one who is diabolically wickedor cruel; an
infernal being; -- applied specifically to the devil ora demon.Into this wild abyss
the wary fiend Stood on the brink of Hell andlooked a while. Milton.O woman! woman!
when to ill thy mind Is bent, all hell contains nofouler fiend. Pope.
FIENDFUL,Full of fiendish spirit or arts. Marlowe.-- Fiend"ful*ly, adv.
FIENDISH,Like a fiend; diabolically wicked or cruel; infernal;malignant; devilish;
hellish.-- Fiend"ish*ly, adv.-- Fiend"ish*ness, n.
FIENDLIKE,Fiendish; diabolical. Longfellow.
FIENDLY,Fiendlike; monstrous; devilish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FIERASFER,A genus of small, slender fishes, remarkable for their habit ofliving as
commensals in other animals. One species inhabits the gillcavity of the pearl
oyster near Panama; another lives within an EastIndian holothurian.
FIERI FACIAS,A judicial writ that lies for one who has recovered in debt ordamages,
commanding the sheriff that he cause to be made of thegoods, chattels, or real
estate of the defendant, the sum claimed.Blackstone. Cowell.
FIERINESS,The quality of being fiery; heat; acrimony; irritability; as, afieriness
of temper. Addison.
FIESTA,Among Spanish, a religious festival; a saint's day or holiday;also, a
holiday or festivity.
FIFE,A small shrill pipe, resembling the piccolo flute, used chieflyto accompany
the drum in military music. Fife major (Mil.), anoncommissioned officer who
superintends the fifers of a regiment.-- Fife rail. (Naut.) (a) A rail about the
mast, at the deck, tohold belaying pins, etc. (b) A railing around the break of a
poopdeck.
FIFER,One who plays on a fife.
FIFTEEN,Five and ten; one more than fourteen.
FIFTH,The interval of three tones and a semitone, embracing fivediatonic degrees of
the scale; the dominant of any key.
FIFTHLY,In the fifth place; as the fifth in order.
FIFTIETH,One of fifty equal parts; the quotient of a unit divided byfifty.
FIFTY,Five times ten; as, fifty men.
FIG,A small fruit tree (Ficus Carica) with large leaves, known fromthe remotest
antiquity. It was probably native from Syria westward tothe Canary Islands.
FIG-SHELL,A marine univalve shell of the genus Pyrula, or Ficula,resembling a fig
in form.
FIGARO,An adroi
FIGARY,A frolic; a vagary; a whim. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
FIGENT,Fidgety; restless. [Obs.]Such a little figent thing. Beau. & Fl.
FIGGUM,A juggler's trick; conjuring. [Obs.]The devil is the author of wicked
figgum. B. Jonson.
FIGHTER,One who fights; a combatant; a warrior. Shak.
FIGHTINGLY,Pugnaciously.
FIGHTWITE,A mulct or fine imposed on a person for making a fight orquarrel to the
disturbance of the peace.
FIGMENT,An invention; a fiction; something feigned or imagined.Social figments,
feints, and formalism. Mrs. Browning.It carried rather an appearance of figment and
invention . . . thanof truth and reality. Woodward.
FIGPECKER,The European garden warbler (Sylvia, or Currica, hortensis); --called
also beccafico and greater pettychaps.
FIGULINE,A piece of pottery ornamented with representations of naturalobjects.Whose
figulines and rustic wares Scarce find him bread from day today. Longfellow.
FIGURABILITY,The quality of being figurable. Johnson.
FIGURABLE,Capable of being brought to a fixed form or shape.Lead is figurable, but
water is not. Johnson.
FIGURAL,Figurate. See Figurate. Figural numbers. See Figurate numbers,under
Figurate.
FIGURANT,One who dances at the opera, not singly, but in groups orfigures; an
accessory character on the stage, who figures in itsscenes, but has nothing to say;
hence, one who figures in any scene,without taking a prominent part.
FIGURANTE,A female figurant; esp., a ballet girl.
FIGURATE,Florid; figurative; involving passing discords by the freermelodic
movement of one or more parts or voices in the harmony; as,figurate counterpoint or
descant. Figurate counterpoint or descant(Mus.), that which is not simple, or in
which the parts do not movetogether tone for tone, but in which freer movement of
one or moreparts mingles passing discords with the harmony; -- called alsofigural,
figurative, and figured counterpoint or descant (althoughthe term figured is more
commonly applied to a bass with numeralswritten above or below to indicate the
other notes of the harmony).-- Figurate numbers (Math.), numbers, or series of
numbers, formedfrom any arithmetical progression in which the first term is a
unit,and the difference a whole number, by taking the first term, and thesums of
the first two, first three, first four, etc., as thesuccessive terms of a new
series, from which another may be formed inthe same manner, and so on, the numbers
in the resulting series beingsuch that points representing them are capable of
symmetricalarrangement in different geometrical figures, as triangles,
squares,pentagons, etc.
FIGURATED,Having a determinate form.
FIGURATELY,In a figurate manner.
FIGURATION,Mixture of concords and discords.
FIGURE,A diagram or drawing; made to represent a magnitude or therelation of two or
more magnitudes; a surface or space inclosed onall sides; -- called superficial
when inclosed by lines, and solidwhen inclosed by surface; any arrangement made up
of points, lines,angles, surfaces, etc.
FIGUREHEAD,The figure, statue, or bust, on the prow of a ship.
FIGURIAL,Represented by figure or delineation. [R.] Craig.
FIGURINE,A very small figure, whether human or of an animal; especially,one in
terra cotta or the like; -- distinguished from statuette,which is applied to small
figures in bronze, marble, etc.
FIGURIST,One who uses or interprets figurative expressions. Waterland.
FIGWORT,A genus of herbaceous plants (Scrophularia), mostly found inthe north
temperate zones. See Brownwort.
FIJIAN,Of or pertaining to the Fiji islands or their inhabitants.-- n.
FIKE,See Fyke.
FIL,imp. of Fall, v. i. Fell. Chaucer.
FILACEOUS,Composed of threads. Bacon.
FILACER,A former officer in the English Court of Common Pleas; -- socalled because
he filed the writs on which he made out process.[Obs.] Burrill.
FILAMENT,A thread or threadlike object or appendage; a fiber; esp.(Bot.), the
threadlike part of the stamen supporting the anther.
FILAMENTARY,Having the character of, or formed by, a filament.
FILAMENTOID,Like a filament.
FILAMENTOUS,Like a thread; consisting of threads or filaments. Gray.
FILANDER,A species of kangaroo (Macropus Brunii), inhabiting New Guinea.
FILANDERS,A disease in hawks, characterized by the presence of smallthreadlike
worms, also of filaments of coagulated blood, from therupture of a vein; -- called
also backworm. Sir T. Browne.
FILAR,Of or pertaining to a thread or line; characterized by threadsstretched
across the field of view; as, a filar microscope; a filarmicrometer.
FILARIA,A genus of slender, nematode worms of many species, parasiticin various
animals. See Guinea worm.
FILARIAL,Of, pertaining to, or caused by, filariæ and allied parasiticworms.
FILARIASIS,The presence of filariæ in the blood; infection with filariæ.
FILASSE,Vegetable fiber, as jute or ramie, prepared for manufacture.
FILATORY,A machine for forming threads. [Obs.] W. Tooke.
FILBERT,The fruit of the Corylus Avellana or hazel. It is an oval nut,containing a
kernel that has a mild, farinaceous, oily taste,agreeable to the palate.
FILCH,To steal or take privily (commonly, that which is of littlevalue); to
pilfer.Fain would they filch that little food away. Dryden.But he that filches from
me my good name, Robs me of that which notenriches him, And makes me poor indeed.
Shak.
FILCHER,One who filches; a thief.
FILCHINGLY,By pilfering or petty stealing.
FILE CLOSER,A commissioned or noncommissioned officer posted in the rear ofa line,
or on the flank of a column, of soldiers, to rectify mistakesand insure steadiness
and promptness in the ranks.
FILE,To put upon the files or among the records of a court; to noteon (a paper) the
fact date of its reception in court.To file a paper, on the part of a party, is to
place it in theofficial custody of the clerk. To file, on the part of the clerk,
isto indorse upon the paper the date of its reception, and retain it inhis office,
subject to inspection by whomsoever it may concern.Burrill.
FILEFISH,Any plectognath fish of the genera Monacanthus, Alutera,balistes, and
allied genera; -- so called on account of the roughlygranulated skin, which is
sometimes used in place of sandpaper.
FILEMOT,See Feullemort. Swift.
FILER,One who works with a file.
FILIALLY,In a filial manner.
FILIATE,To adopt as son or daughter; to establish filiation between.[R.] Southey.
FILIATION,The assignment of a bastard child to some one as its ather;affiliation.
Smart.
FILIBEG,Same as Kilt. [Written also philibeg.]
FILIBUSTER,A lawless military adventurer, especially one in quest ofplunder; a
freebooter; -- originally applied to buccaneers infestingthe Spanish American
coasts, but introduced into common English todesignate the followers of Lopez in
his expedition to Cuba in 1851,and those of Walker in his expedition to Nicaragua,
in 1855.
FILIBUSTERISM,The characteristics or practices of a filibuster. Bartlett.
FILICAL,Belonging to the Filices, r ferns.
FILICIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, ferns; as, filicic acid.
FILICIDE,The act of murdering a son or a daughter; also, parent whocommits such a
murder.
FILICIFORM,Shaped like a fern or like the parts of a fern leaf. Smart.
FILICOID,Fernlike, either in form or in the nature of the method ofreproduction.
FILIETY,The relation of a son to a father; sonship; -- the correlativeof paternity.
J. S. Mill.
FILIFEROUS,Producing threads. Carpenter.
FILIFORM,Having the shape of a thread or filament; as, the filiformpapillæ of the
tongue; a filiform style or peduncle. See Illust. ofAntennÆ.
FILIGRANED,See Filigreed. [Archaic]
FILIGREE,Ornamental work, formerly with grains or breads, but nowcomposed of fine
wire and used chiefly in decorating gold and silverto which the wire is soldered,
being arranged in designs frequentlyof a delicate and intricate arabesque pattern.
FILIGREED,Adorned with filigree. Tatler.
FILING,A fragment or particle rubbed off by the act of filing; as,iron filings.
FILIOQUE,The Latin for, "and from the Son," equivalent to et filio,inserted by the
third council of Toledo (a. d. 589) in the clause quiex Patre procedit (who
proceedeth from the Father) of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (a. d. 381),
which makes a creed state thatthe Holy Ghost proceeds from the Son as well as from
the Father.Hence, the doctrine itself (not admitted by the Eastern Church).
FILIPENDULOUS,Suspended by, or strung upon, a thread; -- said of tuberousswellings
in the middle or at the extremities of slender, threadlikerootlets.
FILIPINO,A native of the Philippine Islands, specif. one of Spanishdescent or of
mixed blood.
FILL,One of the thills or shafts of a carriage. Mortimer. Fillhorse, a thill horse.
Shak.
FILLED CHEESE,An inferior kind of cheese made from skim milk with a fatty"filling,"
such as oleomargarine or lard, to replace the fat removedin the cream.
FILLER,One who, or that which, fills; something used for filling.'T is mere filer,
to stop a vacancy in the hexameter. Dryden.They have six diggers to four fillers,
so as to keep the fillersalways at work. Mortimer.
FILLET,A piece of lean meat without bone; sometimes, a long striprolled together
and tied.
FILLETING,The protecting of a joint, as between roof and parapet wall,with mortar,
or cement, where flashing is employed in better work.
FILLIBEG,A kilt. See Filibeg.
FILLIBUSTER,See Filibuster.
FILLING,Prepared wort added to ale to cleanse it. Back filling. (Arch.)See under
Back, a.
FILLIPEEN,See Philopena.
FILLY,A female foal or colt; a young mare. Cf. Colt, Foal.Neighing in likeness of a
filly foal. Shak.
FILM,To cover with a thin skin or pellicle.It will but skin and film the ulcerous
place. Shak.
FILMINESS,State of being filmy.
FILMY,Composed of film or films.Whose filmy cord should bind the struggling fly.
Dryden.
FILOPLUMACEOUS,Having the structure of a filoplume.
FILOPLUME,A hairlike feather; a father with a slender scape and without aweb in
most or all of its length.
FILOSE,Terminating in a threadlike process.
FILOSELLE,A kind of silk thread less glossy than floss, and spun fromcoarser
material. It is much used in embroidery instead of floss.
FILS,Son; -- sometimes used after a French proper name todistinguish a son from his
father, as, Alexandre Dumas, fils.
FILTER,Any porous substance, as cloth, paper, sand, or charcoal,through which water
or other liquid may passed to cleanse it from thesolid or impure matter held in
suspension; a chamber or devicecontaining such substance; a strainer; also, a
similar device forpurifying air. Filter bed, a pond, the bottom of which is a
filtercomposed of sand gravel.-- Filter gallery, an underground gallery or tunnel,
alongside of astream, to collect the water that filters through the interveningsand
and gravel; -- called also infiltration gallery.
FILTHILY,In a filthy manner; foully.
FILTHY,Defiled with filth, whether material or moral; nasty; dirty;polluted; foul;
impure; obscene. "In the filthy-mantled pool." Shak.He which is filthy let him be
filthy still. Rev. xxii. 11.
FILTRATE,To filter; to defecate; as liquid, by straining or percolation.Arbuthnot.
FILTRATION,The act or process of filtering; the mechanical separation of aliquid
from the undissolved particles floating in it.
FIMBRIA,A fringe, or fringed border.(b) A band of white matter bordering the
hippocampus in the brain.-- Fim"bri*al, a.
FIMBRIATE,Having the edge or extremity bordered by filiform processesthicker than
hairs; fringed; as, the fimbriate petals of the pink;the fimbriate end of the
Fallopian tube.
FIMBRIATED,Having a very narrow border of another tincture; -- said esp.of an
ordinary or subordinary.
FIMBRICATE,fringed, on one side only, by long, straight hairs, as theantennæ of
certain insects.
FIN DE SIECLE,Lit., end of the century; -- mostly used adjectively in Englishto
signify: belonging to, or characteristic of, the close of the 19thcentury; modern;
"up-to-date;" as, fin-de-siècle ideas.
FIN KEEL,A projection downward from the keel of a yacht, resembling inshape the fin
of a fish, though often with a cigar-shaped bulb oflead at the bottom, and
generally made of metal. Its use is toballast the boat and also to enable her to
sail close to the wind andto make the least possible leeway by offering great
resistance tolateral motion through the water.
FIN,To carve or cut up, as a chub.
FIN-TOED,Having toes connected by a membrane; palmiped; palmated; also,lobate.
FINABLE,Liable or subject to a fine; as, a finable person or offense.Bacon.
FINALE,Close; termination; as:(a) (Mus.) The last movement of a symphony, sonata,
concerto, or anyinstrumental composition.(b) The last composition performed in any
act of an opera.(c) The closing part, piece, or scene in any public performance
orexhibition.
FINALIST,Any of the players who meet in the final round of a tournamentin which the
losers in any round do not play again.
FINANCIAL,Pertaining to finance. "Our financial and commercial system."Macaulay.
FINANCIALIST,A financier.
FINANCIALLY,In a dfinancial manner. Burke.
FINANCIER,To conduct financial operations.
FINARY,See Finery.
FINATIVE,Conclusive; decisive; definitive; final. [Obs.] Greene (1593).
FINBACK,Any whale of the genera Sibbaldius, Balænoptera, and alliedgenera, of the
family Balænopteridæ, characterized by a prominent finon the back. The common
finbacks of the New England coast areSibbaldius tectirostris and S. tuberosus.
FINBAT KITE,= Eddy kite. [Eng.]
FINCH,A small singing bird of many genera and species, belonging tothe family
Fringillidæ.
FINCHBACKED,Streaked or spotted on the back; -- said of cattle.
FINCHED,Same as Finchbacked.
FIND,To determine an issue of fact, and to declare such adetermination to a court;
as, the jury find for the plaintiff.Burrill.
FINDABLE,Capable of beong found; discoverable. Fuller.
FINDER,One who, or that which, finds; specifically (Astron.), a smalltelescope of
low power and large field of view, attached to a largertelescope, for the purpose
of finding an object more readily.
FINDFAULT,A censurer or caviler. [Obs.]
FINDFAULTING,Apt to censure or cavil; faultfinding; captious. [Obs.]Whitlock.
FINDING,The result of a judicial examination or inquiry, especiallyinto some matter
of fact; a verdict; as, the finding of a jury.Burrill.After his friends finding and
his rent. Chaucer.
FINDY,Full; heavy; firm; solid; substemtial. [Obs.]A cold May and a windy Makes the
barn fat amd findy. Old Prover
FINE,To impose a pecuniary penalty upon for an offense or breach oflaw; to set a
fine on by judgment of a court; to punish by fine; tomulct; as, the trespassers
were fined ten dollars.
FINEDRAW,To sew up, so nicely that the seam is not perceived; to renter.Marryat.
FINEDRAWER,One who finedraws.
FINEDRAWN,Drawn out with too much subtilty; overnice; as, finedrawnspeculations.
FINEER,To run in dept by getting goods made up in a way unsuitable forthe use of
others, and then threatening not to take them except oncredit. [R.] Goldsmith.
FINELESS,Endless; boundless. [Obs.] Shak.
FINELY,In a fine or finished manner.
FINER,One who fines or purifies.
FINERY,A charcoal hearth or furnace for the conversion of cast ironinto wrought
iron, or into iron suitable for puddling.
FINESPUN,Spun so as to be fine; drawn to a fine thread; attenuated;hence,
unsubstantial; visionary; as, finespun theories.
FINESSE,The act of finessing. See Finesse, v. i., 2.
FINESTILL,To distill, as spirit from molasses or some saccharinepreparation.
FINESTILLER,One who finestills.
FINEW,Moldiness. [R.]
FINFOOT,A South American bird (heliornis fulica) allied to the grebes.The name is
also applied to several related species of the genusPodica.
FINGER,To use the fingers in playing on an instrument. Busby.
FINGERED,Having leaflets like fingers; digitate.
FINGERER,One who fingers; a pilferer.
FINGERLING,A young salmon. See Parr.
FINGLE-FANGLE,A trifle. [Low] Hudibras.
FINGRIGO,A prickly, climbing shrub of the genus Pisonia. The fruit is akind of
berry.
FINIAL,The knot or bunch of foliage, or foliated ornament, that formsthe upper
extremity of a pinnacle in Gothic architecture; sometimes,the pinnacle itself.
FINICAL,Affectedly fine; overnice; unduly particular; fastidious."Finical taste."
Wordsworth.The gross style consists in giving no detail, the finical in
givingnothing else. Hazlitt.
FINICALITY,The quality of being finical; finicalness.
FINIFIC,A limiting element or quality. [R.]The essential finific in the form of the
finite. Coleridge.
FINIFY,To make fine; to dress finically. [Obs.]Hath so pared and finified them [his
feet.] B. Jonson.
FINIKIN,Precise in trifles; idly busy. [Colloq.] Smart.
FINIS,An end; conclusion. It is often placed at the end of a book.
FINISH,The joiner work and other finer work required for thecompletion of a
building, especially of the interior. See Insidefinish, and Outside finish.
FINISHED,Polished to the highest degree of excellence; complete;perfect; as, a
finished poem; a finished education. Finished work(Mach.), work that is made smooth
or polished, though not necessarilycompleted.
FINISHING,The act or process of completing or perfecting; the final workupon or
ornamentation of a thing.
FINITE,Having a limit; limited in quantity, degree, or capacity;bounded; -- opposed
to infinite; as, finite number; finite existence;a finite being; a finite mind;
finite duration.
FINITELESS,Infinite. [Obs.] Sir T. browne.
FINITELY,In a finite manner or degree.
FINITENESS,The state of being finite.
FINITUDE,Limitation. Cheyne.
FINJAN,In the Levant, a small coffee cup without a handle, such as isheld in a cup
or stand called a zarf.
FINLANDER,A native or inhabitant of Finland.
FINLESS,destitute of fins.
FINLET,A little fin; one of the parts of a divided fin.
FINLIKE,Resembling a fin.
FINN,A native of Finland; one of the FinnFinns.
FINNAN HADDIE,Haddock cured in peat smoke, originally at Findon (pron.fìn"an),
Scotland. the name is also applied to other kinds of smokedhaddock. [Written also
finnan haddock.]
FINNED,Having a fin, or fins, or anything resembling a fin. Mortimer.
FINNER,A finback whale.
FINNIC,Of or pertaining to the Finns.
FINNIKIN,A variety of pigeon, with a crest somewhat resembling the maneof a horse.
[Written also finikin.]
FINNISH,Of or pertaining to Finland, to the Finns, or to theirlanguage.-- n.
FINNY,Having, or abounding in, fins, as fishes; pertaining to fishes.
FINOCHIO,An umbelliferous plant (Foeniculum dulce) having a somewhattuberous stem;
sweet fennel. The blanched stems are used in Franceand Italy as a culinary
vegetable.
FINOS,Second best wool from Merino sheep. Gardner.
FINPIKE,The bichir. See Crossopterygii.
FINSEN LIGHT,Highly actinic light, derived from sunlight or from some formof
electric lamp, used in the treatment of lupus and other cutaneousaffections.
FINT,3d pers. sing. pr. of Find, for findeth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FIORD,A narrow inlet of the sea, penetrating between high banks orrocks, as on the
coasts of Norway and Alaska. [Written also fjord.]
FIORIN,A species of creeping bent grass (Agrostis alba); -- calledalso fiorin
grass.
FIORITE,A variety of opal occuring in the cavities of volcanic tufa, insmooth and
shining globular and botryoidal masses, having a pearlyluster; -- so called from
Fiora, in Ischia.
FIORITURE,Little flowers of ornament introduced into a melody by a singeror player.
FIPPENNY BIT,The Spanish half real, or one sixteenth of a dollar, -- socalled in
Pennsylvania and the adjacent States. [Obs.]
FIPPLE,A stopper, as in a wind instrument of music. [Obs.] Bacon.
FIR TREE,. See Fir.
FIR,A genus (Abies) of coniferous trees, often of large size andelegant shape, some
of them valued for their timber and others fortheir resin. The species are
distinguished as the balsam fir, thesilver fir, the red fir, etc. The Scoth fir is
a Pinus.
FIRE BEETLE,A very brilliantly luminous beetle (Pyrophorus noctilucus), oneof the
elaters, found in Central and South America; -- called alsocucujo. The name is also
applied to other species. See Firefly.
FIRE,To cauterize. To fire up, to light up the fires of, as of anengine.
FIRE-FANGED,Injured as by fire; burned; -- said of manure which has lostits
goodness and acquired an ashy hue in consequence of heatgenerated by decomposition.
FIRE-NEW,Fresh from the forge; bright; quite new; brand-new. Charlesreade.Your
fire-new stamp of honor is scarce current. Shak.
FIRE-SET,A set of fire irons, including, commonly, tongs, shovel, andpoker.
FIREARM,A gun, pistol, or any weapon from a shot is discharged by theforce of an
explosive substance, as gunpowder.
FIREBACK,One of several species of pheasants of the genus Euplocamus,having the
lower back a bright, fiery red. They inhabit Southern Asiaand the East Indies.
FIREBARE,A beacon. [Obs.] Burrill.
FIREBIRD,The Baltimore oriole.
FIREBOARD,A chimney board or screen to close a fireplace when not in use.
FIREBOTE,An allowance of fuel. See Bote.
FIRECRACKER,See Cracker., n., 3.
FIRECREST,A small European kinglet (Regulus ignicapillus), having abright red
crest; -- called also fire-crested wren.
FIREDOG,A support for wood in a fireplace; an andiron.
FIREFISH,A singular marine fish of the genus Pterois, family Scorpænidæ,of several
species, inhabiting the Indo-Pacific region. They areusually red, and have very
large spinose pectoral and dorsal fins.
FIREFLAIRE,A European sting ray of the genus Trygon (T. pastinaca); --called also
fireflare and fiery flaw.
FIREFLAME,The European band fish (Cepola rubescens).
FIREFLY,Any luminous winged insect, esp. luminous beetles of the familyLampyridæ.
FIRELESS,Destitute of fire.
FIRELOCK,An old form of gunlock, as the flintlock, which ignites thepriming by a
spark; perhaps originally, a matchlock. Hence, a gunhaving such a lock.
FIREPLACE,The part a chimney appropriated to the fire; a hearth; --usually an open
recess in a wall, in which a fire may be built.
FIREPROOF,Proof against fire; incombustible.
FIREPROOFING,The act or process of rendering anything incombustible; also,the
materials used in the process.
FIRER,One who fires or sets fire to anything; an incendiary. [R.] R.Carew.
FIREROOM,Same as Stokehold, below.
FIRESIDE,A place near the fire or hearth; home; domestic life orretirement.
FIRETAIL,The European redstart; -- called also fireflirt. [prov. Eng.]
FIREWARDEN,An officer who has authority to direct in the extinguishing offires, or
to order what precautions shall be taken against fires; --called also fireward.
FIREWOOD,Wood for fuel.
FIREWORK,A pyrotechnic exhibition. [Obs. in the sing.]Night before last, the Duke
of Richmond gave a firework. Walpole.
FIREWORM,The larva of a small tortricid moth which eats the leaves ofthe cranberry,
so that the vines look as if burned; -- called alsocranberry worm.
FIRING PIN,In the breech mechanism of a firearm, the pin which strikes thehead of
the cartridge and explodes it.
FIRK,To beat; to strike; to chastise. [Obs.]I'll fer him, and firk him, and ferret
him. Shak.
FIRLOT,A dry measure formerly used in Scotland; the fourth part of aboll of grain
or meal. The Linlithgow wheat firlot was to theimperial bushel as 998 to 1000; the
barley firlot as 1456 to 1000.Brande & C.
FIRM,The name, title, or style, under which a company transactsbusiness; a
partnership of two or more persons; a commercial house;as, the firm of Hope & Co.
FIRMAMENT,The orb of the fixed stars; the most rmote of the celestialspheres.
FIRMAMENTAL,Pertaining to the firmament; celestial; being of the upperregions.
Dryden.
FIRMAN,In Turkey and some other Oriental countries, a decree ormandate issued by
the sovereign; a royal order or grant; -- generallygiven for special objects, as to
a traveler to insure him protectionand assistance. [Written also firmaun.]
FIRMER-CHISEL,A chisel, thin in proportion to its width. It has a tang toenter the
handle instead of a socket for receiving it. Knight.
FIRMITUDE,Strength; stability. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
FIRMITY,Strength; firmness; stability. [Obs.] Chillingworth.
FIRMLY,In a firm manner.
FIRMNESS,The state or quality of being firm.
FIRMS,The principal rafters of a roof, especially a pair of rafterstaken together.
[Obs.]
FIRRING,See Furring.
FIRRY,Made of fir; abounding in firs.In firry woodlands making moan. Tennyson.
FIRST,Before any other person or thing in time, space, rank, etc.; --much used in
composition with adjectives and participles.Adam was first formed, then Eve. 1 Tim.
ii. 13.At first, At the first, at the beginning or origin.-- First or last, at one
time or another; at the beginning or end.And all are fools and lovers first or
last. Dryden.
FIRST-CLASS,Of the best class; of the highest rank; in the first division;of the
best quality; first-rate; as, a first-class telescope. First-class car or First-
class railway carriage, any passenger car of thehighest regular class, and intended
for passengers who pay thehighest regular rate; -- distinguished from a second-
class car.
FIRST-HAND,Obtained directly from the first or original source; hence,without the
intervention of an agent.One sphere there is . . . where the apprehension of him is
first-handand direct; and that is the sphere of our own mind. J. Martineau.
FIRST-RATE,Of the highest excellence; preëminent in quality, size, orestimation.Our
only first-rate body of contemporary poetry is the German. M.Arnold.Hermocrates . .
. a man of first-rate ability. Jowett (Thucyd).
FIRSTBORN,First brought forth; first in the order of nativity; eldest;hence, most
excellent; most distinguished or exalted.
FIRSTLING,Firstborn.All the firstling males. Deut. xv. 19.
FIRSTLY,In the first place; before anything else; -- sometimesimproperly used for
first.
FIRTH,An arm of the sea; a frith.
FISC,A public or state treasury. Burke.
FISCAL,Pertaining to the public treasury or revenue.The fiscal arreangements of
government. A. Hamilton.
FISETIC,Pertaining to fustet or fisetin.
FISETIN,A yellow crystalline substance extracted from fustet, andregarded as its
essential coloring principle; -- called also fiseticacid.
FISH,A counter, used in various games.
FISH-BELLIED,Bellying or swelling out on the under side; as, a fish-belliedrail.
Knight.
FISH-BLOCK,See Fish-tackle.
FISH-TACKLE,A tackle or purchase used to raise the flukes of the anchor upto the
gunwale. The block used is called the fish-block.
FISH-TAIL,Like the of a fish; acting, or producing something, like thetail of a
fish. Fish-tail burner, a gas burner that gives a spreadingflame shaped somewhat
like the tail of a fish.-- Fish-tail propeller (Steamship), a propeller with a
single bladethat oscillates like the tail of a fish when swimming.
FISHER,A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela Canadensis);the pekan;
the "black cat."
FISHERMAN,A ship or vessel employed in the business of taking fish, as inthe cod
fishery.
FISHERY,The right to take fish at a certain place, or in particularwaters. Abbott.
FISHFUL,Abounding with fish. [R.] "My fishful pond." R. Carew.
FISHGIG,A spear with barbed prongs used for harpooning fish. Knight.
FISHHAWK,The osprey (Pandion haliaëtus), found both in Europe andAmerica; -- so
called because it plunges into the water and seizesfishes in its talons. Called
also fishing eagle, and bald buzzard.
FISHHOOK,A hook with a pendant, to the end of which the fish-tackle ishooked. Dana.
FISHIFY,To change to fish. [R.] Shak.
FISHINESS,The state or quality of being fishy or fishlike. Pennant.
FISHING,Pertaining to fishing; used in fishery; engaged in fishing; as,fishing
boat; fishing tackle; fishing village. Fishing fly, anartificial fly for fishing.--
Fishing line, a line used in catching fish.-- Fishing net, a net of various kinds
for catching fish; includingthe bag net, casting net, drag net, landing net, seine,
shrimpingnet, trawl, etc.-- Fishing rod, a long slender rod, to which is attached
the linefor angling.-- Fishing smack, a sloop or other small vessel used in sea
fishing.-- Fishing tackle, apparatus used in fishing, as hook, line, rod,etc.--
Fishing tube (Micros.), a glass tube for selecting a microscopicobject in a fluid.
FISHLIKE,Like fish; suggestive of fish; having some of the qualities offish.A very
ancient and fishlike smell. Shak.
FISHMONGER,A dealer in fish.
FISHSKIN,See Ichthyosis.
FISHWIFE,A fishwoman.
FISHWOMAN,A woman who retails fish.
FISK,To run about; to frisk; to whisk. [Obs.]He fisks abroad, and stirreth up
erroneous opinions. Latimer.
FISSIGEMMATION,A process of reproduction intermediate between fission andgemmation.
FISSILE,Capable of being split, cleft, or divided in the direction ofthe grain,
like wood, or along natural planes of cleavage, likecrystals.This crystal is a
pellucid, fissile stone. Sir I. Newton.
FISSILINGUAL,Having the tongue forked.
FISSILINGUIA,A group of Lacertilia having the tongue forked, including thecommon
lizards. [Written also Fissilingues.]
FISSILITY,Quality of being fissile.
FISSION,A method of asexual reproduction among the lowest (unicellular)organisms by
means of a process of self-division, consisting ofgradual division or cleavage of
the into two parts, each of whichthen becomes a separate and independent organisms;
as when a cell inan animal or plant, or its germ, undergoes a spontaneous
division,and the parts again subdivide. See Segmentation, and Cell division,under
Division.
FISSIPALMATE,Semipalmate and loboped, as a grebe's foot. See Illust. underAves.
FISSIPARA,Animals which reproduce by fission.
FISSIPARISM,Reproduction by spontaneous fission.
FISSIPARITY,Quality of being fissiparous; fissiparism.
FISSIPAROUS,Reproducing by spontaneous fission. See Fission.-- Fis*sip"a*rous*ly,
adv.
FISSIPATION,Reproduction by fission; fissiparism.
FISSIPED,One of the Fissipedia.
FISSIPEDIA,A division of the Carnivora, including the dogs, cats, andbears, in
which the feet are not webbed; -- opposed to Pinnipedia.
FISSIROSTRAL,Having the bill cleft beyond the horny part, as in the case ofswallows
and goatsuckers.
FISSIROSTRES,A group of birds having the bill deeply cleft.
FISSURAL,Pertaining to a fissure or fissures; as, the fissural patternof a brain.
FISSURATION,The act of dividing or opening; the state of being fissured.
FISSURE,A narrow opening, made by the parting of any substance; acleft; as, the
fissure of a rock. Cerebral fissures (Anat.), thefurrows or clefts by which the
surface of the cerebrum is divided;esp., the furrows first formed by the infolding
of the whole wall ofthe cerebrum.-- Fissure needle (Surg.), a spiral needle for
catching together thegaping lips of wounds. Knight.-- Fissure of rolando (Anat.),
the furrow separating the frontalfrom the parietal lobe in the cerebrum.-- Fissure
of Sylvius (Anat.), a deep cerebral fissure separatingthe frontal from the temporal
lobe. See Illust. under Brain.-- Fissure vein (Mining), a crack in the earth's
surface filled withmineral matter. Raymond.
FISSURELLA,A genus of marine gastropod mollusks, having a conical orlimpetlike
shell, with an opening at the apex; -- called also keyholelimpet.
FIST,the index mark [], used to direct special attention to thepassage which
follows. Hand over fist (Naut.), rapidly; hand overhand.
FISTIC,Pertaining to boxing, or to encounters with the fists;puglistic; as, fistic
exploits; fistic heroes. [Colloq.]
FISTICUFF,A cuff or blow with the fist or hand; (pl.)
FISTINUT,A pistachio nut. [Obs.] Johnson.
FISTUCA,An instrument used by the ancients in driving piles.
FISTULA,A permanent abnormal opening into the soft parts with aconstant discharge;
a deep, narrow, chronic abscess; an abnormalopening between an internal cavity and
another cavity or the surface;as, a salivary fistula; an anal fistula; a recto-
vaginal fistula.Incomplete fistula (Med.), a fistula open at one end only.
FISTULAR,Hollow and cylindrical, like a pipe or reed. Johnson.
FISTULARIA,A genus of fishes, having the head prolonged into a tube, withthe mouth
at the extremity.
FISTULARIOID,Like or pertaining to the genus Fistularia.
FISTULATE,To make hollow or become hollow like a fistula, or pipe. [Obs.]"A
fistulated ulcer." Fuller.
FISTULE,A fistula.
FISTULIFORM,Of a fistular form; tubular; pipe-shaped.Stalactite often occurs
fistuliform. W. Philips.
FISTULOSE,Formed like a fistula; hollow; reedlike. Craig.
FIT,imp. & p. p. of Fight. [Obs. or Colloq.]
FITCH,A vetch. [Obs.]
FITCHE,Sharpened to a point; pointed. Cross fitché, a cross having thelower arm
pointed.
FITCHED,Fitché. [Also fiched.]
FITCHY,Having fitches or vetches.
FITFUL,Full of fits; irregularly variable; impulsive and unstable.After life's
fitful fever, he sleeps well. Shak.-- Fit"ful*ly, adv.-- Fit"ful*ness, n.The
victorius trumpet peal Dies fitfully away. Macaulay.
FITLY,In a fit manner; suitably; properly; conveniently; as, a maximfitly applied.
FITMENT,The act of fitting; that which is proper or becoming;equipment. [Obs.]
Shak.
FITNESS,The state or quality of being fit; as, the fitness of measuresor laws; a
person's fitness for office.
FITT,See 2d Fit.
FITTABLE,Suitable; fit. [Obs.] Sherwood.
FITTEDNESS,The state or quality of being fitted; adaptation. [Obs.] Dr. H.More.
FITTER,A little piece; a flitter; a flinder. [Obs.]Where's the Frenchman Alas, he's
all fitters. Beau. & Fl.
FITTING,Anything used in fitting up; especially (pl.),
FITWEED,A plant (Eryngium foetidum) supposed to be a remedy for fits.
FITZ,A son; -- used in compound names, to indicate paternity, esp.of the
illegitimate sons of kings and princes of the blood; as,Fitzroy, the son of the
king; Fitzclarence, the son of the duke ofClarence.
FIVE,Four and one added; one more than four.
FIVE-FINGER,See Cinquefoil.
FIVE-LEAF,Cinquefoil; five-finger.
FIVE-TWENTIES,Five-twenty bonds of the United States (bearing six per
centinterest), issued in 1862, '64, and '65, redeemable after five andpayable in
twenty years.
FIVEFOLD,In fives; consisting of five in one; five repeated; quintuple.
FIVELING,A compound or twin crystal consisting of five individuals.
FIVES,A kind of play with a ball against a wall, resembling tennis; -- so named
because three fives, or fifteen, are counted to the game.Smart. Fives court, a
place for playing fives.
FIX,Fixed; solidified. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FIXABLE,Capable of being fixed.
FIXATIVE,That which serves to set or fix colors or drawings, as amordant.
FIXED,Stable; non-volatile. Fixed air (Old Chem.), carbonic acid orcarbon dioxide;
-- so called by Dr. Black because it can be absorbedor fixed by strong bases. See
Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.-- Fixed alkali (Old Chem.), a non-volatile base, as
soda, orpotash, in distinction from the volatile alkali ammonia.-- Fixed ammunition
(Mil.), a projectile and powder inclosedtogether in a case ready for loading.--
Fixed battery (Mil.), a battery which contains heavy guns andmortars intended to
remain stationary; -- distinguished from movablebattery.-- Fixed bodies, those
which can not be volatilized or separated bya common menstruum, without great
difficulty, as gold, platinum,lime, etc.-- Fixed capital. See the Note under
Capital, n., 4.-- Fixed fact, a well established fact. [Colloq.] -- Fixed light,one
which emits constant beams; -- distinguished from a flashing,revolving, or
intermittent light.-- Fixed oils (Chem.), non-volatile, oily substances, as
stearineand olein, which leave a permanent greasy stain, and which can not
bedistilled unchanged; -- distinguished from volatile or essentialoils.-- Fixed
pivot (Mil.), the fixed point about which any line oftroops wheels.-- Fixed stars
(Astron.), such stars as always retain nearly thesame apparent position and
distance with respect to each other, thusdistinguished from planets and comets.
FIXEDLY,In a fixed, stable, or constant manner.
FIXIDITY,Fixedness. [Obs.] Boyle.
FIXING,Arrangements; embellishments; trimmings; accompaniments.[Colloq. U.S.]
FIXTURE,Anything of an accessory character annexed to houses and lands,so as to
constitute a part of them. This term is, however, quitefrequently used in the
peculiar sense of personal chattels annexed tolands and tenements, but removable by
the person annexing them, orhis personal representatives. In this latter sense, the
same thingsmay be fixtures under some circumstances, and not fixtures underothers.
Wharton (Law Dict. ). Bouvier.
FIXURE,Fixed position; stable condition; firmness. [Obs.] Shak.
FIZGIG,A fishing spear. [Obs.] Sandys.
FIZZ,To make a hissing sound, as a burning fuse.
FIZZLE,A failure or abortive effort. [Colloq.]
FJORD,See Fiord.
FLABBERGAST,To astonish; to strike with wonder, esp. by extraordinarystatements.
[Jocular] Beaconsfield.
FLABBERGASTATION,The state of being flabbergasted. [Jocular] London Punch.
FLABBILY,In a flabby manner.
FLABBINESS,Quality or state of being flabby.
FLABBY,Yielding to the touch, and easily moved or shaken; hangingloose by its own
weight; wanting firmness; flaccid; as, flabby flesh.
FLABEL,A fan. [Obs.] Huloet.
FLABELLATE,Flabelliform.
FLABELLATION,The act of keeping fractured limbs cool by the use of a fan orsome
other contrivance. Dunglison.
FLABELLIFORM,Having the form of a fan; fan-shaped; flabellate.
FLABELLINERVED,Having many nerves diverging radiately from the base; -- saidof a
leaf.
FLABELLUM,A fan; especially, the fan carried before the pope on stateoccasions,
made in ostrich and peacock feathers. Shipley.
FLABILE,Liable to be blown about. Bailey.
FLACCID,Yielding to pressure for want of firmness and stiffness; softand weak;
limber; lax; drooping; flabby; as, a flaccid muscle;flaccid flesh.Religious
profession . . . has become flacced. I. Taylor.-- Flac"cid*ly, adv.--
Flac"cid*ness, n.
FLACCIDITY,The state of being flaccid.
FLACHERIE,A bacterial disease of silkworms, supposed to be due to
eatingcontaminated mulberry leaves.
FLACKER,To flutter, as a bird. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
FLACKET,A barrel-shaped bottle; a flagon.
FLACON,A small glass bottle; as, a flacon for perfume. "Two glassflacons for the
ink." Longfellow.
FLAG,An aquatic plant, with long, ensiform leaves, belonging toeither of the genera
Iris and Acorus. Cooper's flag, the cat-tail(Typha latifolia), the long leaves of
which are placed between thestaves of barrels to make the latter water-tight.--
Corn flag. See under 2d Corn.-- Flag broom, a coarse of broom, originally made of
flags orrushes.-- Flag root, the root of the sweet flag.-- Sweet flag. See Calamus,
n., 2.
FLAGELLANT,One of a fanatical sect which flourished in Europe in the 13thand 14th
centuries, and maintained that flagellation was of equalvirtue with baptism and the
sacrament; -- called also disciplinant.
FLAGELLATA,An order of Infusoria, having one or two long, whiplike cilia,at the
anterior end. It includes monads. See Infusoria, and Monad.
FLAGELLATE,To whip; to scourge; to flog.
FLAGELLATION,A beating or flogging; a whipping; a scourging. Garth.
FLAGELLATOR,One who practices flagellation; one who whips or scourges.
FLAGELLIFORM,Shaped like a whiplash; long, slender, round, flexible, and(comming)
tapering.
FLAGELLUM,A young, flexible shoot of a plant; esp., the long trailingbranch of a
vine, or a slender branch in certain mosses.
FLAGEOLET,A small wooden pipe, having six or more holes, and a mouthpieceinserted
at one end. It produces a shrill sound, softer than of thepiccolo flute, and is
said to have superseded the old recorder.Flageolet tones (Mus.), the naturel
harmonics or overtones ofstringed instruments.
FLAGGINESS,The condition of being flaggy; laxity; limberness. Johnson.
FLAGGING,A pavement or sidewalk of flagstones; flagstones, collectively.
FLAGGY,Abounding with the plant called flag; as, a flaggy marsh.
FLAGITATE,To importune; to demand fiercely or with passion. [Archaic]Carcyle.
FLAGITATION,Importunity; urgent demand. [Archaic] Carlyle.
FLAGMAN,One who makes signals with a flag.
FLAGON,A vessel with a narrow mouth, used for holding and conveyingliquors. It is
generally larger than a bottle, and of leather orstoneware rather than of glass.A
trencher of mutton chops, and a flagon of ale. Macaulay.
FLAGRANCE,Flagrancy. Bp. Hall.
FLAGRANTLY,In a flagrant manner.
FLAGRATE,To burn. [Obs.] Greenhill.
FLAGRATION,A conflagration. [Obs.]
FLAGSHIP,The vessel which carries the commanding officer of a fleet orsquadron and
flies his distinctive flag or pennant.
FLAGSTAFF,A staff on which a flag is hoisted.
FLAGSTONE,A flat stone used in paving, or any rock which will split intosuch
stones. See Flag, a stone.
FLAGWORM,A worm or grub found among flags and sedge.
FLAILY,Acting like a flail. [Obs.] Vicars.
FLAIN,p. p. of Flay. Chaucer.
FLAKE,A small stage hung over a vessel's side, for workmen to standon in calking,
etc.
FLAKINESS,The state of being flaky.
FLAKY,Consisting of flakes or of small, loose masses; lying, orcleaving off, in
flakes or layers; flakelike.What showers of mortal hail, what flaky fires! Watts.A
flaky weight of winter's purest snows. Wordsworth.
FLAM,A freak or whim; also, a falsehood; a lie; an illusory pretext;deception;
delusion. [Obs.]A perpetual abuse and flam upon posterity. South.
FLAMBE,Decorated by glaze splashed or irregularly spread upon thesurface, or
apparently applied at the top and allowed to run down thesides; -- said of pieces
of Chinese porcelain.
FLAMBEAU,A flaming torch, esp. one made by combining together a numberof thick
wicks invested with a quick-burning substance (anciently,perhaps, wax; in modern
times, pitch or the like); hence, any torch.
FLAMBOYANT,Characterized by waving or flamelike curves, as in the traceryof
windows, etc.; -- said of the later (15th century) French Gothicstyle.
FLAMBOYER,A name given in the East and West Indies to certain trees withbrilliant
blossoms, probably species of Cæsalpinia.
FLAME,To kindle; to inflame; to excite.And flamed with zeal of vengeance inwardly.
Spenser.
FLAME-COLORED,Of the color of flame; of a bright orange yellow color. Shak.
FLAMELESS,Destitute of flame. Sandys.
FLAMELET,A small flame.The flamelets gleamed and flickered. Longfellow.
FLAMEN,A priest devoted to the service of a particular god, from whomhe received a
distinguishing epithet. The most honored were those ofJupiter, Mars, and Quirinus,
called respectively Flamen Dialis,Flamen Martialis, and Flamen Quirinalis.Affrights
the flamens at their service quaint. Milton.
FLAMINEOUS,Pertaining to a flamen; flaminical.
FLAMINGLY,In a flaming manner.
FLAMINGO,Any bird of the genus Phoenicopterus. The flamingoes havewebbed feet, very
long legs, and a beak bent down as if broken. Theircolor is usually red or pink.
The American flamingo is P. ruber; theEuropean is P. antiquorum.
FLAMINICAL,Pertaining to a flamen. Milton.
FLAMMABILITY,The quality of being flammable; inflammability. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
FLAMMABLE,Inflammable. [Obs.]
FLAMMATION,The act of setting in a flame or blaze. [Obs.] Sir. T. Browne.
FLAMMEOUS,Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, flame. [Obs.] SirT. Browne.
FLAMMIFEROUS,Producing flame.
FLAMMIVOMOUS,Vomiting flames, as a volcano. W. Thompson. (1745).
FLAMMULATED,Of a reddish color.
FLAMY,Flaming; blazing; flamelike; flame-colored; composed of flame.Pope.
FLANCH,A bearing consisting of a segment of a circle encroaching onthe field from
the side.
FLANCHED,Having flanches; -- said of an escutcheon with those bearings.
FLANCONADE,A thrust in the side.
FLANERIE,Lit., strolling; sauntering; hence, aimless; idleness; as,intellectual
flânerie.
FLANEUR,One who strolls about aimlessly; a lounger; a loafer.
FLANG,A miner's two-pointed pick.
FLANGE,To make a flange on; to furnish with a flange.
FLANGED,Having a flange or flanges; as, a flanged wheel.
FLANK,That part of a bastion which reaches from the curtain to theface, and defends
the curtain, the flank and face of the oppositebastion; any part of a work
defending another by a fire along theoutside of its parapet. See Illust. of
Bastion.
FLANKER,One who, or that which, flanks, as a skirmisher or a body oftroops sent out
upon the flanks of an army toguard a line of march,or a fort projecting so as to
command the side of an assailing body.They threw out flankers, and endeavored to
dislodge their assailants.W. Irwing.
FLANNEL,A soft, nappy, woolen cloth, of loose texture. Shak. Adam'sflannel. (Bot.)
See under Adam.-- Canton flannel, Cotton flannel. See Cotton flannel, under Cotton.
FLANNELED,Covered or wrapped in flannel.
FLANNEN,Made or consisting of flannel. [Obs.] "Flannen robes." Dryden.
FLAP,Anything broad and limber that hangs loose, or that is attachedby one side or
end and is easily moved; as, the flap of a garment.A cartilaginous flap upon the
opening of the larynx. Sir T. Browne.
FLAP-EARED,Having broad, loose, dependent ears. Shak.
FLAP-MOUTHED,Having broad, hangling lips. [R.] Shak.
FLAPDRAGON,To swallow whole, as a flapdragon; to devour. [Obs.]See how the sea
flapdragoned it. Shak.
FLARE,Leaf of lard. "Pig's flare." Dunglison.
FLARE-UP,A sudden burst of anger or passion; an angry dispute. [Colloq.]
FLARINGLY,In a flaring manner.
FLASH BOILER,A variety of water-tube boiler, used chiefly in steamautomobiles,
consisting of a nest of strong tubes with very littlewater space, kept nearly red
hot so that the water as it tricklesdrop by drop into the tubes is immediately
flashed into steam andsuperheated.
FLASH BURNER,A gas burner with a device for lighting by an electric spark.
FLASH,To cover with a thin layer, as objects of glass with glass of adifferent
color. See Flashing, n., 3 (b).
FLASHBOARD,A board placed temporarily upon a milldam, to raise the waterin the pond
above its usual level; a flushboard. [U.S.]
FLASHILY,In a flashy manner; with empty show.
FLASHINESS,The quality of being flashy.
FLASHING,The creation of an artifical flood by the sudden letting in ofa body of
water; -- called also flushing.
FLASK,The wooden or iron frame which holds the sand, etc., formingthe mold used in
a foundry; it consists of two or more parts; viz.,the cope or top; sometimes, the
cheeks, or middle part; and the drag,or bottom part. When there are one or more
cheeks, the flask iscalled a three part flask, four part flask, etc. Erlenmeyer
flask, athin glass flask, flat-bottomed and cone-shaped to allow of safelyshaking
its contents laterally without danger of spilling; -- socalled from Erlenmeyer, a
German chemist who invented it.-- Florence flask. Etym: [From Florence in Italy.]
(a) Same asBetty, n., 3. (b) A glass flask, round or pear-shaped, with round orflat
bottom, and usually very thin to allow of heating solutions.-- Pocket flask, a kind
of pocket dram bottle, often covered withmetal or leather to protect it from
breaking.
FLAT FOOT,A foot in which the arch of the instep is flattened so that theentire
sole of the foot rests upon the ground; also, the deformity,usually congential,
exhibited by such a foot; splayfoot.
FLAT,Wanting relief; destitute of variety; without points ofprominence and striking
interest.A large part of the work is, to me, very flat. Coleridge.
FLAT-BOTTOMED,Having an even lower surface or bottom; as, a flat-bottomedboat.
FLAT-CAP,A kind of low-crowned cap formerly worn by all classes inEngland, and
continued in London after disuse elsewhere; -- hence, acitizen of London. Marston.
FLAT-HEADED,Having a head with a flattened top; as, a flat-headed nail.
FLATBILL,Any bird of the genus Flatyrynchus. They belong to the familyof
flycatchers.
FLATBOAT,A boat with a flat bottom and square ends; -- used for thetransportation
of bulky freight, especially in shallow waters.
FLATFISH,Any fish of the family Pleuronectidæ; esp., the winter
flounder(Pleuronectes Americanus). The flatfishes have the body flattened,swim on
the side, and have eyes on one side, as the flounder, turbot,and halibut. See
Flounder.
FLATHEAD,Characterized by flatness of head, especially that produced byartificial
means, as a certain tribe of American Indians.
FLATIRON,An iron with a flat, smooth surface for ironing clothes.
FLATIVE,Producing wind; flatulent. [Obs.] A. Brewer.
FLATLING,With the flat side, as of a sword; flatlong; in a prostrateposition.
[Obs.] Spenser.
FLATLONG,; 115), adv. With the flat side downward; not edgewise. Shak.
FLATLY,In a flat manner; evenly; horizontally; without spirit; dully;frigidly;
peremptori;y; positively, plainly. "He flatly refused hisaid." Sir P. Sidney.He
that does the works of religion slowly, flatly, and withoutappetite. Jer. Taylor.
FLATOUR,A flatterer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLATTEN,To lower the pitch of; to cause to sound less sharp; to letfall from the
pitch. To flatten a sail (Naut.), to set it more nearlyfore-and-aft of the
vessel.-- Flattening oven, in glass making, a heated chamber in which splitglass
cylinders are flattened for window glass.
FLATTER,To use flattery or insincere praise.If it may stand him more in stead to
lie, Say and unsay, feign,flatter, or adjure. Milton.
FLATTERER,One who flatters.The most abject flaterers degenerate into the greatest
tyrants.Addison.
FLATTERING,That flatters (in the various senses of the verb); as, aflattering
speech.Lay not that flattering unction to your soul. Shak.A flattering painter, who
made it his care, To draw men as they oughtbe, not as they are. Goldsmith.
FLATTERINGLY,With flattery.
FLATTERY,The act or practice of flattering; the act of pleasing byartiful
commendation or compliments; adulation; false, insincere, orexcessive praise.Just
praise is only a debt, but flattery is a present. Rambler.Flattery corrupts both
the receiver and the giver. Burke.
FLATTISH,Somewhat flat. Woodward.
FLATULENTLY,In a flatulent manner; with flatulence.
FLATUOSITY,Flatulence. [Obs.] Bacon.
FLATUOUS,Windy; generating wind. [Obs.] Bacon.
FLATWARE,Articles for the table, as china or silverware, that are moreor less flat,
as distinguished from hollow ware.
FLATWISE,With the flat side downward, or next to another object; notedgewise.
FLATWORM,Any worm belonging to the Plathelminthes; also, sometimesapplied to the
planarians.
FLAUNDRISH,Flemish. [Obs.]
FLAUNT,To throw or spread out; to flutter; to move ostentatiously; as,a flaunting
show.You flaunt about the streets in your new gilt chariot. Arbuthnot.One flaunts
in rags, one flutters in brocade. Pope.
FLAUNTINGLY,In a flaunting way.
FLAUTIST,A player on the flute; a flutist.
FLAUTO,A flute. Flaute piccolo ( Etym: [It., little flute], an octaveflute.--
Flauto traverso ( Etym: [It., transverse flute], the Germanflute, held laterally,
instead of being played, like the old flûte abec, with a mouth piece at the end.
FLAVANILINE,A yellow, crystalline, organic dyestuff, C16H14N2, of
artificalproduction. It is a strong base, and is a complex derivative ofaniline and
quinoline.
FLAVESCENT,Turning yellow; yellowish.
FLAVICOMOUS,Having yellow hair. [R.]
FLAVIN,A yellow, vegetable dyestuff, resembling quercitron.
FLAVINE,A yellow, crystalline, organic base, C13H12N2O, obtainedartificially.
FLAVOL,A yellow, crystalline substance, obtained from anthraquinone,and regarded as
a hydroxyl derivative of it.
FLAVOR,To give flavor to; to add something (as salt or a spice) to, togive
character or zest.
FLAVORED,Having a distinct flavor; as, high-flavored wine.
FLAVORLESS,Without flavor; tasteless.
FLAVOROUS,Imparting flavor; pleasant to the taste or smell; sapid.Dryden.
FLAVOUS,Yellow. [Obs.]
FLAWLESS,Free from flaws. Boyle.
FLAWN,A sort of flat custard or pie. [Obs.] Tusser.
FLAWTER,To scrape o [Obs.] Johnson.
FLAX,A plant of the genus Linum, esp. the L. usitatissimum, whichhas a single,
slender stalk, about a foot and a half high, with blueflowers. The fiber of the
bark is used for making thread and cloth,called linen, cambric, lawn, lace, etc.
Linseed oil is expressed fromthe seed.
FLAX-PLANT,A plant in new Zealand (Phormium tenax), allied to the liliesand aloes.
The leaves are two inches wide and several feet long, andfurnish a fiber which is
used for making ropes, mats, and coarsecloth.
FLAXEN,Made of flax; resembling flax or its fibers; of the color offlax; of a light
soft straw color; fair and flowing, like flax ortow; as, flaxen thread; flaxen
hair.
FLAXSEED,The seed of the flax; linseed.
FLAXWEED,See Toadflax.
FLAXY,Like flax; flaxen. Sir M. Sandys.
FLAY,To skin; to strip off the skin or surface of; as, to flay anox; to flay the
green earth.With her nails She 'll flay thy wolfish visage. Shak.
FLAYER,One who strips off the skin.
FLEA,To flay. [Obs.]He will be fleaced first And horse collars made of's skin.
J.Fletcher.
FLEA-BEETLE,A small beetle of the family Halticidæ, of many species. Theyhave
strong posterior legs and leap like fleas. The turnip flea-beetle (Phyllotreta
vittata) and that of the grapevine (Graptoderachalybea) are common injurious
species.
FLEA-LOUSE,A jumping plant louse of the family Psyllidæ, of many species.That of
the pear tree is Psylla pyri.
FLEABANE,One of various plants, supposed to have efficacy in drivingaway fleas.
They belong, for the most part, to the genera Conyza,Erigeron, and Pulicaria.
FLEAGH,imp. of Fly.
FLEAK,A flake; a thread or twist. [Obs.]Little long fleaks or threads of hemp. Dr.
H. More.
FLEAKING,A light covering of reeds, over which the main covering islaid, in
thatching houses. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
FLEAM,A sharp instrument used for opening veins, lancing gums, etc.;a kind of
lancet. Fleam tooth, a tooth of a saw shaped like anisosceles triangle; a peg
tooth. Knight.
FLEAMY,Bloody; clotted. [Obs. or Prov.]Foamy bubbling of a fleamy brain. Marston.
FLEAR,See Fleer.
FLEAWORT,An herb used in medicine (Plantago Psyllium), named from theshape of its
seeds. Loudon.
FLECHE,A simple fieldwork, consisting of two faces forming a salientangle pointing
outward and open at the gorge.
FLECK,A flake; also, a lock, as of wool. [Obs.] J. Martin.
FLECKER,To fleck. Johnson.
FLECKLESS,Without spot or blame. [R.]My consnience will not count me fleckless.
Tennyson.
FLECTIONAL,Capable of, or pertaining to, flection or inflection.A flectional word
is a phrase in the bud. Earle.
FLECTOR,A flexor.
FLED,imp. & p. p. of Flee.
FLEDGE,Feathered; furnished with feathers or wings; able to fly.Hfledge with wings.
Milton.
FLEDGELING,A young bird just fledged.
FLEE,To run away, as from danger or evil; to avoid in an alarmed orcowardly manner;
to hasten off; -- usually with from. This issometimes omitted, making the verb
transitive.[He] cowardly fled, not having struck one stroke. Shak.Flee fornication.
1 Cor. vi. 18.So fled his enemies my warlike father. Shak.
FLEECE,The fine web of cotton or wool removed by the doffing knifefrom the cylinder
of a carding machine. Fleece wool, wool shorn fromthe sheep.-- Golden fleece. See
under Golden.
FLEECELESS,Without a fleece.
FLEECER,One who fleeces or strips unjustly, especially by trickery orfraund.
Prynne.
FLEECY,Covered with, made of, or resembling, a fleece. "Fleecyflocks." Prior.
FLEEN,Obs. pl. of Flea. Chaucer.
FLEER,One who flees. Ld. Berners.
FLEERER,One who fleers. Beau. & Fl.
FLEERINGLY,In a fleering manner.
FLEET,To slip on the whelps or the barrel of a capstan or windlass; -- said of a
cable or hawser.
FLEET-FOOT,Swift of foot. Shak.
FLEETEN,Fleeted or skimmed milk. [Obs.] Fleeten face, a face of thecolor of
fleeten, i. e., blanched; hence, a coward. "You know whereyou are, you fleeten
face." Beau. & Fl.
FLEETING,Passing swiftly away; not durable; transient; transitory; as,the fleeting
hours or moments.
FLEETINGLY,In a fleeting manner; swiftly.
FLEETINGS,A mixture of buttermilk and boiling whey; curds. [prov. Eng.]Wright.
FLEETLY,In a fleet manner; rapidly.
FLEETNESS,Swiftness; rapidity; velocity; celerity; speed; as, thefleetness of a
horse or of time.
FLEIGH,imp. of Fly. Chaucer.
FLEME,To banish; to drive out; to expel. [Obs.] "Appetite flemethdiscretion."
Chaucer.
FLEMER,One who, or that which, banishes or expels. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLEMING,A native or inhabitant of Flanders.
FLEMISH,Pertaining to Flanders, or the Flemings.-- n.
FLENCH,Same as Flence.
FLENSE,To strip the blubber or skin from, as from a whale, seal, etc.the flensed
carcass of a fur seal. U. S. Census (1880).
FLESH,To remove flesh, membrance, etc., from, as from hides.
FLESHHOOD,The state or condition of having a form of flesh; incarnation.[R.]Thou,
who hast thyself Endured this fleshhood. Mrs. Browning.
FLESHINESS,The state of being fleshy; plumpness; corpulence; grossness.Milton.
FLESHINGS,Flesh-colored tights, worn by actors dancers. D. Jerrold.
FLESHLESS,Destitute of flesh; lean. Carlyle.
FLESHLINESS,The state of being fleshly; carnal passions and appetites.Spenser.
FLESHLING,A person devoted to fleshly things. [Obs.] Spenser.
FLESHLY,In a fleshly manner; carnally; lasciviously. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLESHMENT,The act of fleshing, or the excitement attending a successfulbeginning.
[R.] Shak.
FLESHMONGER,One who deals in flesh; hence, a pimp; a procurer; a pander.[R.] Shak.
FLESHPOT,A pot or vessel in which flesh is cooked; hence (pl.),
FLESHQUAKE,A quaking or trembling of the flesh; a quiver. [Obs.] B.Jonson.
FLESHY,Composed of firm pulp; succulent; as, the houseleek, cactus,and agave are
fleshy plants.
FLET,Skimmed. [Obs.]
FLETCH,To feather, as an arrow. Bp. Warburton.[Congress] fletched their complaint,
by adding: "America loved hisbrother." Bancroft.
FLETCHER,One who fletches of feathers arrows; a manufacturer of bows andarrows.
[Obs.] Mortimer.
FLETE,To float; to swim. [Obs.] "Whether I sink or flete." Chaucer.
FLETIFEROUS,Producing tears. [Obs.] Blount.
FLEUR-DE-LIS,The iris. See Flower-de-luce.
FLEURON,A flower-shaped ornament, esp. one terminating an object orforming one of a
series, as a knob of a cover to a dish, or a flower-shaped part in a necklace.
FLEURY,Finished at the ends with fleurs-de-lis; -- said esp. a crossso decorated.
FLEW,imp. of Fly.
FLEWED,Having large flews. Shak.
FLEWS,The pendulous or overhanging lateral parts of the upper lip ofdogs,
especially prominent in hounds; -- called also chaps. SeeIllust. of Bloodhound.
FLEX,To bend; as, to flex the arm.
FLEXANIMOUS,Having power to change the mind. [Obs.] Howell.
FLEXIBILITY,The state or quality of being flexible; flexibleness;
pliancy;pliability; as, the flexibility of strips of hemlock, hickory,whalebone or
metal, or of rays of light. Sir I. Newton.All the flexibility of a veteran
courtier. Macaulay.
FLEXICOSTATE,Having bent or curved ribs.
FLEXILE,Flexible; pliant; pliable; easily bent; plastic; tractable.Wordsworth.
FLEXION,Syntactical change of form of words, as by declension orconjugation;
inflection.Express the syntactical relations by flexion. Sir W. Hamilton.
FLEXOR,A muscle which bends or flexes any part; as, the flexors of thearm or the
hand; -- opposed to extensor.
FLEXUOSE,Flexuous.
FLEXUOUS,Having alternate curvatures in opposite directions; bent in azigzag
manner.
FLEXURAL,Of, pertaining to, or resulting from, flexure; of the natureof, or
characterized by, flexure; as, flexural elasticity.
FLEXURE,The last joint, or bend, of the wing of a bird.
FLIBBERGIB,A sycophant. [Obs. & Humorous.] "Flatterers and flibbergibs."Latimer.
FLIBBERTIGIBBET,An imp. Shak.
FLIBUSTIER,A buccaneer; an American pirate. See Flibuster. [Obs.]
FLICK,To whip lightly or with a quick jerk; to flap; as, to flick ahorse; to flick
the dirt from boots. Thackeray.
FLICKER,The golden-winged woodpecker (Colaptes aurutus); -- so calledfrom its
spring note. Called also yellow-hammer, high-holder, pigeonwoodpecker, and
yucca.The cackle of the flicker among the oaks. Thoureau.
FLICKERINGLY,In a flickering manner.
FLICKERMOUSE,See Flittermouse.
FLIDGE,Fledged; fledge. [Obs.] Holland.
FLIER,A fly. See Fly, n., 9, and 13 (b).
FLIGHT-SHOT,The distance to which an arrow or flight may be shot; bowshot,-- about
the fifth of a mile. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]Within a flight-shot it inthe valley.
Evelyn.Half a flight-shot from the king's oak. Sir W. Scott.
FLIGHTED,Feathered; -- said of arrows.
FLIGHTER,A horizontal vane revolving over the surface of wort in acooler, to
produce a circular current in the liquor. Knight.
FLIGHTILY,In a flighty manner.
FLIGHTINESS,The state or quality of being flighty.The flightness of her temper.
Hawthorne.
FLIMFLAM,A freak; a trick; a lie. Beau. & Fl.
FLIMSILY,In a flimsy manner.
FLIMSINESS,The state or quality of being flimsy.
FLIMSY,Weak; feeble; limp; slight; vain; without strength or solidity;of loose and
unsubstantial structure; without reason or plausibility;as, a flimsy argument,
excuse, objection.Proud of a vast extent of flimsy lines. Pope.All the flimsy
furniture of a country miss's brain. Sheridan.
FLINCH,To let the foot slip from a ball, when attempting to give atight croquet.
FLINCHER,One who flinches or fails.
FLINCHINGLY,In a flinching manner.
FLINDERMOUSE,A bat; a flittermouse.
FLINDERS,Small pieces or splinters; fragments.The tough ash spear, so stout and
true, Into a thousand flindersflew. Sir W. Scott.
FLINGDUST,One who kicks up the dust; a streetwalker; a low manner. [Obs.]Beau. &
Fl.
FLINGER,One who flings; one who jeers.
FLINT GLASS,A soft, heavy, brilliant glass, consisting essentially of asilicate of
lead and potassium. It is used for tableware, and foroptical instruments, as
prisms, its density giving a high degree ofdispersive power; -- so called, because
formerly the silica wasobtained from pulverized flints. Called also crystal glass.
Cf.Glass.
FLINT,A massive, somewhat impure variety of quartz, in color usuallyof a gray to
brown or nearly black, breaking with a conchoidalfracture and sharp edge. It is
very hard, and strikes fire withsteel.
FLINT-HEARTED,Hard-hearted. Shak.
FLINTINESS,The state or quality of being flinty; hardness; cruelty. Beau.& Fl.
FLINTWARE,A superior kind of earthenware into whose composition flintenters
largely. Knight.
FLINTWOOD,An Australian name for the very hard wood of the Eucalyptuspiluralis.
FLINTY,Consisting of, composed of, abounding in, or resembling, flint;as, a flinty
rock; flinty ground; a flinty heart. Flinty rockFlintystate, a siliceous slate; --
basanite is here included. See Basanite.
FLIP,A mixture of beer, spirit, etc., stirred and heated by a hotiron. Flip dog, an
iron used, when heated, to warm flip.
FLIP-FLAP,The repeated stroke of something long and loose. Johnson.
FLIPE,To turn inside out, or with the leg part back over the foot, asa stocking in
pulling off or for putting on. [Scot.]
FLIPPANCY,The state or quality of being flippant.This flippancy of language. Bp.
Hurd.
FLIPPANT,A flippant person. [R.] Tennyson.
FLIPPANTLY,In a flippant manner.
FLIPPANTNESS,State or quality of being flippant.
FLIPPER,A broad flat limb used for swimming, as those of seals, seaturtles, whales,
etc.
FLIRT,One who flirts; esp., a woman who acts with giddiness, or playsat courtship;
a coquette; a pert girl.Several young flirts about town had a design to cast us out
of thefashionable world. Addison.
FLIRT-GILL,A woman of light behavior; a gill-flirt. [Obs.] Shak.You heard him take
me up like a flirt-gill. Beau. & Fl.
FLIRTIGIG,A wanton, pert girl. [Obs.]
FLIRTINGLY,In a flirting manner.
FLISK,To frisk; to skip; to caper. [Obs. Scot.] "The flisking flies."Gosson.
FLIT,Nimble; quick; swift. [Obs.] See Fleet.
FLITE,To scold; to quarrel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
FLITTER,To flutter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLITTERMOUSE,A bat; -- called also flickermouse, flindermouse, andflintymouse.
FLITTERN,A term applied to the bark obtained from young oak trees.McElrath.
FLITTINESS,Unsteadiness; levity; lightness. [Obs.] Bp. Hopkins.
FLITTING,Contention; strife; scolding; specif., a kind of metricalcontest between
two persons, popular in Scotland in the 16th century.[Obs. or Scot.]
FLITTINGLY,In a flitting manner.
FLITTY,Unstable; fluttering. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
FLIX,Down; fur. [Obs. or Eng.] J. Dyer.
FLO,An arrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLOAT,A contrivance for affording a copious stream of water to theheated surface of
an object of large bulk, as an anvil or die.Knight.
FLOATABLE,That may be floated.
FLOATAGE,Same as Flotage.
FLOATATION,See Flotation.
FLOATING,Floating threads. See Floating threads, above.
FLOATINGLY,In a floating manner.
FLOATY,Swimming on the surface; buoyant; light. Sir W. Raleigh.
FLOBERT,A small cartridge designed for target shooting; -- sometimescalled ball
cap. Flobert rifle, a rifle adapted to the use offloberts.
FLOCCILLATION,A delirious picking of bedclothes by a sick person, as if topick off
flocks of wool; carphology; -- an alarming symptom in acutediseases. Dunglison.
FLOCCOSE,Having tufts of soft hairs, which are often deciduous.
FLOCCULAR,Of or pertaining to the flocculus.
FLOCCULATE,To aggregate into small lumps.
FLOCCULATION,The process by which small particles of fine soils andsediments
aggregate into larger lumps.
FLOCCULENCE,The state of being flocculent.
FLOCCULENT,Applied to the down of newly hatched or unfledged birds.
FLOCCULUS,A small lobe in the under surface of the cerebellum, near themiddle
peduncle; the subpeduncular lobe.
FLOCCUS,A woolly filament sometimes occuring with the sporules ofcertain fungi.
FLOCK,To gather in companies or crowds.Friends daily flock. Dryden.Flocking fowl
(Zoöl.), the greater scaup duck.
FLOCKLING,A lamb. [Obs.] Brome (1659).
FLOCKLY,In flocks; in crowds. [Obs.]
FLOCKMEL,In a flock; in a body. [Obs.]That flockmel on a day they to him went.
Chaucer.
FLOCKY,Abounding with flocks; floccose.
FLOE,A low, flat mass of floating ice. Floe rat (Zoöl.), a seal(Phoca foetida).
FLOG,To beat or strike with a rod or whip; to whip; to lash; tochastise with
repeated blows.
FLOGGING,from Flog, v. t. Flogging chisel (Mach.), a large cold chisel,used in
chipping castings.-- Flogging hammer, a small sledge hammer used for striking
aflogging chisel.
FLON,See Flo. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLONG,imp. & p. p. of Fling.
FLOODAGE,Inundation. [R.] Carlyle.
FLOODER,One who floods anything.
FLOODING,The filling or covering with water or other fluid; overflow;inundation;
the filling anything to excess.
FLOOK,A fluke of an anchor.
FLOOKY,Fluky.
FLOOR,That part of the bottom of a vessel on each side of the keelsonwhich is most
nearly horizontal.
FLOORAGE,Floor space.
FLOORER,Anything that floors or upsets a person, as a blow that knockshim down; a
conclusive answer or retort; a task that exceeds one'sabilities. [Colloq.]
FLOORHEADS,The upper extermities of the floor of a vessel.
FLOORING,A platform; the bottom of a room; a floor; pavement. See Floor,n. Addison.
FLOORLESS,Having no floor.
FLOORWALKER,One who walks about in a large retail store as an overseer anddirector.
[U.S.]
FLOP,Act of flopping. [Colloq.] W. H. Russell.
FLOPPY,Having a tendency to flop or flap; as, a floppy hat brim. G.Eliot.
FLOPWING,The lapwing.
FLORA,The goddess of flowers and spring.
FLORAL,Containing, or belonging to, a flower; as, a floral bud; afloral leaf;
floral characters. Martyn. Floral envelope (Bot.), thecalyx and corolla, one or the
other of which (mostly the corolla) maybe wanting.
FLORALLY,In a floral manner.
FLORAMOUR,The plant love-lies-bleeding. [Obs.] Prior.
FLORAN,Tin ore scarcely perceptible in the stone; tin ore stamped veryfine. Pryce.
FLOREAL,The eight month of the French republican calendar. It beganApril 20, and
ended May 19. See Vendémiare.
FLOREN,A cerain gold coin; a Florence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FLORENTINE,Belonging or relating to Florence, in Italy. Florentine mosaic,a mosaic
of hard or semiprecious stones, often so chosen and arrangedthat their natural
colors represent leaves, flowers, and the like,inlaid in a background, usually of
black or white marble.
FLORESCENCE,A bursting into flower; a blossoming. Martyn.
FLORESCENT,Expanding into flowers; blossoming.
FLORET,A little flower; one of the numerous little flowers whichcompose the head or
anthodium in such flowers as the daisy, thistle,and dandelion. Gray.
FLORIAGE,Bloom; blossom. [Obs.] J. Scott.
FLORIATED,Having floral ornaments; as, floriated capitals of Gothicpillars.
FLORICOMOUS,Having the head adorned with flowers. [R.]
FLORICULTURAL,Pertaining to the cultivation of flowering plants.
FLORICULTURE,The cultivation of flowering plants.
FLORICULTURIST,One skilled in the cultivation of flowers; a florist.
FLORID,Flowery; ornamental; running in rapid melodic figures,divisions, or
passages, as in variations; full of fioriture or littleornamentations.
FLORIDEAE,A subclass of algæ including all the red or purplish seaweeds;the
Rhodospermeæ of many authors; -- so called from the rosy orflorid color of most of
the species.
FLORIDITY,The quality of being florid; floridness. Floyer.
FLORIDLY,In a florid manner.
FLORIDNESS,The quality of being florid. Boyle.
FLORIFEROUS,Producing flowers. Blount.
FLORIFICATION,The act, process, or time of flowering; florescence.
FLORIFORM,Having the form of a flower; flower-shaped.
FLORIKEN,An Indian bustard (Otis aurita). The Bengal floriken isSypheotides
Bengalensis. [Written also florikan, floriken, florican.]
FLORILEGE,The act of gathering flowers.
FLORIMER,See Floramour. [Obs.]
FLORIN,A silver coin of Florence, first struck in the twelfth century,and noted for
its beauty. The name is given to different coins indifferent countries. The florin
of England, first minted in 1849, isworth two shillings, or about 48 cents; the
florin of theNetherlands, about 40 cents; of Austria, about 36 cents.
FLOROON,A border worked with flowers. Wright.
FLORULENT,Flowery; blossoming. [Obs.] Blount.
FLOS-FERRI,A variety of aragonite, occuring in delicate white coralloidalforms; --
common in beds of iron ore.
FLOSCULAR,Flosculous.
FLOSCULARIAN,One of a group of stalked rotifers, having ciliated tentaclesaround
the lobed disk.
FLOSCULE,A floret.
FLOSCULOUS,Consisting of many gamopetalous florets.
FLOSH,A hopper-shaped box or Knight.
FLOSS,The slender styles of the pistillate flowers of maize; alsocalled silk.
FLOSSIFICATION,A flowering; florification. [R.] Craig.
FLOSSY,Pertaining to, made of, or resembling, floss; hence, light;downy.
FLOTA,A fleet; especially, a
FLOTANT,Represented as flying or streaming in the air; as, a bannerflotant.
FLOTATION PROCESS,A process of separating the substances contained in pulverizedore
or the like by depositing the mixture on the surface of aflowing liquid, the
substances that are quickly wet readilyovercoming the surface tension of the liquid
and sinking, the othersflowing off in a film or slime on the surface, though,
perhaps,having a greater specific gravity than those that sink.
FLOTE,To fleet; to skim. [Obs.] Tusser.
FLOTERY,Wavy; flowing. [Obs.]With flotery beard. Chaucer.
FLOTILLA,A little fleet, or a fleet of small vessels.
FLOTTEN,Skimmed. [Obs.]
FLOUNCE,To throw the limbs and body one way and the other; to spring,turn, or twist
with sudden effort or violence; to struggle, as ahorse in mire; to flounder; to
throw one's self with a jerk or spasm,often as in displeasure.To flutter and
flounce will do nothing but batter and bruise us.Barrow.With his broad fins and
forky tail he laves The rising sirge, andflounces in the waves. Addison.
FLOUNDER,A flatfish of the family Pleuronectidæ, of many species.
FLOUR,The finely ground meal of wheat, or of any other grain;especially, the finer
part of meal separated by bolting; hence, thefine and soft powder of any substance;
as, flour of emery; flour ofmustard. Flour bolt, in milling, a gauze-covered,
revolving,cylindrical frame or reel, for sifting the flour from the refusecontained
in the meal yielded by the stones.-- Flour box a tin box for scattering flour; a
dredging box.-- Flour dredge or dredger, a flour box.-- Flour dresser, a mashine
for sorting and distributing flouraccording to grades of fineness.-- Flour mill, a
mill for grinding and sifting flour.
FLOURED,Finely granulated; -- said of quicksilver which has beengranulated by
agitation during the amalgamation process. Raymond.
FLOURISHER,One who flourishes.
FLOURISHINGLY,, adv. In a flourishing manner; ostentatiously.
FLOURY,Of or resembling flour; mealy; covered with flour. Dickens.
FLOUT,To mock or insult; to treat with contempt.Phillida flouts me. Walton.Three
gaudy standarts lout the pale blue sky. Byron.
FLOUTER,One who flouts; a mocker.
FLOUTINGLY,With flouting; insultingly; as, to treat a lover floutingly.
FLOW,imp. sing. of Fly, v. i. Chaucer.
FLOWAGE,An overflowing with water; also, the water which thusoverflows.
FLOWEN,imp. pl. of Fly, v. i. Chaucer.
FLOWER STATE, Florida; -- a nickname, alluding to sense of L. floridus,from
florida flowery. See Florid.
FLOWER,That part of a plant destined to produce seed, and henceincluding one or
both of the sexual organs; an organ or combinationof the organs of reproduction,
whether inclosed by a circle of foliarparts or not. A complete flower consists of
two essential parts, thestamens and the pistil, and two floral envelopes, the
corolla andcallyx. In mosses the flowers consist of a few special leavessurrounding
or subtending organs called archegonia. See Blossom, andCorolla.
FLOWER-DE-LUCE,A genus of perennial herbs (Iris) with swordlike leaves andlarge
three-petaled flowers often of very gay colors, but probablywhite in the plant
first chosen for the royal French emblem.
FLOWER-FENCE,A tropical leguminous bush (Poinciana, or Cæsalpinia,pulcherrima) with
prickly branches, and showy yellow or red flowers;-- so named from its having been
sometimes used for hedges in theWest Indies. Baird.
FLOWER-GENTLE,A species of amaranth (Amarantus melancholicus).
FLOWERAGE,State of flowers; flowers, collectively or in general.Tennyson.
FLOWERER,A plant which flowers or blossoms.Many hybrids are profuse and persistent
flowerers. Darwin.
FLOWERET,A small flower; a floret. Shak.
FLOWERFUL,Abounding with flowers. Craig.
FLOWERINESS,The state of being flowery.
FLOWERING,Having conspicuous flowers; -- used as an epithet with manynames of
plants; as, flowering ash; flowering dogwood; floweringalmond, etc. Flowering fern,
a genus of showy ferns (Osmunda), withconspicuous bivalvular sporangia. They
usually grow in wet places.-- Flowering plants, plants which have stamens and
pistils, andproduce true seeds; phenogamous plants; -- distinguished fromflowerless
plants.-- Flowering rush, a European rushlike plant (Butomus umbellatus),with an
umbel of rosy blossoms.
FLOWERLESS,Having no flowers. Flowerless plants, plants which have no trueflowers,
and produce no seeds; cryptigamous plants.
FLOWERLESSNESS,State of being without flowers.
FLOWERPOT,A vessel, commonly or earthenware, for earth in which plantsare grown.
FLOWERY-KIRTLED,Dressed with garlands of flowers. [Poetic & Rare] Milton.
FLOWING,That flows or for flowing (in various sense of the verb);gliding along
smoothly; copious. Flowing battery (Elec.), a batterywhich is kept constant by the
flowing of the exciting liquid throughthe cell or cells. Knight.-- Flowing furnace,
a furnace from which molten metal, can be drawn,as through a tap hole; a foundry
cupola.-- Flowing sheet (Naut.), a sheet when eased off, or loosened to thewind, as
when the wind is abaft the beam. Totten.
FLOWINGLY,In a flowing manner.
FLOWINGNESS,Flowing tendency or quality; fluency. [R.] W. Nichols.
FLOWK,See 1st Fluke.
FLOWN,p. p. of Fly; -- often used with the auxiliary verb to be; as,the birds are
flown.
FLOXED SILK,See Floss silk, under Floss.
FLOYTE,A variant of Flute. [Obs.]
FLUATE,A fluoride. [Obs.]
FLUAVIL,A hydrocarbon extracted from gutta-percha, as a yellow,resinous substance;
-- called also fluanil.
FLUCAN,Soft clayey matter in the vein, or surrounding it. [Writtenalso flookan,
flukan, and fluccan.]
FLUCTIFEROUS,Tending to produce waves. Blount.
FLUCTISONOUS,Sounding like waves.
FLUCTUABILITY,The capacity or ability to fluctuate. [R.] H. Walpole.
FLUCTUANT,showing undulation or fluctuation; as, a fluctuant tumor.
FLUCTUATE,To cause to move as a wave; to put in motion. [R.]And fluctuate all the
still perfume. Tennyson.
FLUCTUATION,The motion or undulation of a fluid collected in a natural orartifical
cavity, which is felt when it is subjected to pressure orpercussion. Dunglison.
FLUE PIPE,A pipe, esp. an organ pipe, whose tone is produced by theimpinging of a
current of air upon an edge, or lip, causing a wavemotion in the air within; a
mouth pipe; -- distinguished from reedpipe. Flue pipes are either open or closed
(stopped at the distantend). The flute and flageolet are open pipes; a bottle acts
as aclosed pipe when one blows across the neck. The organ has both openand closed
flue pipes, those of metal being usually round in section,and those of wood
triangular or square.
FLUE,An inclosed passage way for establishing and directing acurrent of air, gases,
etc.; an air passage; esp.:(a) A compartment or division of a chimney for conveying
flame andsmoke to the outer air.(b) A passage way for conducting a current of
fresh, foul, or heatedair from one place to another.(c) (Steam Boiler) A pipe or
passage for conveying flame and hotgases through surrounding water in a boiler; --
distinguished from atube which holds water and is surrounded by fire. Small flues
arecalled fire tubes or simply tubes. Flue boiler. See under Boiler.-- Flue bridge,
the separating low wall between the flues and thelaboratory of a reverberatory
furnace.-- Flue plate (Steam Boiler), a plate to which the ends of the fluesare
fastened; -- called also flue sheet, tube sheet, and tube plate.-- Flue surface
(Steam Boiler), the aggregate surface of fluesexposed to flame or the hot gases.
FLUENCE,Fluency. [Obs.] Milton.
FLUENCY,The quality of being fluent; smoothness; readiness ofutterance;
volubility.The art of expressing with fluency and perspicuity. Macaulay.
FLUENT,A variable quantity, considered as increasing or diminishing; -- called, in
the modern calculus, the function or integral.
FLUENTLY,In a fluent manner.
FLUENTNESS,The quality of being fluent.
FLUEWORK,A general name for organ stops in which the sound is caused bywind passing
through a flue or fissure and striking an edge above; --in distinction from
reedwork.
FLUEY,Downy; fluffy. [R.]
FLUFF,Nap or down; flue; soft, downy feathers.
FLUFFY,Pertaining to, or resembling, fluff or nap; soft and downy."The carpets were
fluffy." Thackeray.The present Barnacle . . . had a youthful aspect, and the
fluffiestlittle whisker, perhaps, that ever was seen. Dickens.-- Fluff"i*ness, n.
FLUGELMAN,Same as Fugleman.
FLUID,Having particles which easily move and change their relativeposition without
a separation of the mass, and which easily yield topressure; capable of flowing;
liquid or gaseous.
FLUIDAL,Pertaining to a fluid, or to its flowing motion. Fluidalstructure (Geol.),
the structure characteristic of certain volcanicrocks in which the arrangement of
the minute crystals shows the linesof flow of thew molten material before
solidification; -- also calledfluxion structure.
FLUIDITY,The quality of being fluid or capable of flowing; a liquid,aëriform. or
gaseous state; -- opposed to solidity.It was this want of organization, this
looseness and fluidity of thenew movement, that made it penetrate through every
class of society.J. R. Green.
FLUIDIZE,To render fluid.
FLUIDNESS,The state of being flluid; fluidity.
FLUIDOUNCE,See Fluid ounce, under Fluid.
FLUIDRACHM,See Fluid dram, under Fluid. Pharm. of the U. S.
FLUKAN,Flucan.
FLUKE,One of the lobes of a whale's tail, so called from theresemblance to the
fluke of an anchor.
FLUKEWORM,Same as 1st Fluke, 2.
FLUKY,Formed like, or having, a fluke.
FLUME,A stream; especially, a passage channel, or conduit for thewater that drives
a mill wheel; or an artifical channel of water forhydraulic or placer mining; also,
a chute for conveying logs orlumber down a declivity.
FLUMINOUS,Pertaining to rivers; abounding in streama.
FLUNG,imp. & p. p. of Fling.
FLUNK,To fail, as on a lesson; to back out, as from an undertaking,through fear.
FLUNKYDOM,The place or region of flunkies. C. Kingsley.
FLUNLYISM,The quality or characteristics of a flunky; readiness to cringeto those
who are superior in wealth or position; toadyism. Thackeray.
FLUO-,A combining form indicating fluorine as an ingredient; as influosilicate,
fluobenzene.
FLUOBORATE,A salt of fluoboric acid; a fluoboride.
FLUOBORIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or consisting of, fluorine andboron.
Fluoridic acid (Chem.), a double fluoride, consistingessentially of a solution of
boron fluoride, in hydrofluoric acid. Ithas strong acid properties, and is the type
of the borofluorides.Called also borofluoric acid.
FLUOBORIDE,See Borofluoride.
FLUOHYDRIC,See Hydrofluoric.
FLUOPHOSPHATE,A double salt of fluoric and phosphoric acids.
FLUOR ALBUS,The whites; leucorrhæa.
FLUOR SPAR,See Fluorite.
FLUOR,See Fluorite.
FLUORANTHENE,A white crystalline hydrocarbon C
FLUORATED,Combined with fluorine; subjected to the action of fluoride.[R.]
FLUORENE,A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon, C13H10 having a beautifulviolet
fluorescence; whence its name. It occurs in the higher boilingproducts of coal tar,
and is obtained artificially.
FLUORESCEIN,A yellowish red, crystalline substance, C20H12O5, produced byheating
together phthalic anhydride and resorcin; -- so called, fromthe very brilliant
yellowish green fluorescence of its alkalinesolutions. It has acid properties, and
its salts of the alkalies areknown to the trade under the name of uranin.
FLUORESCENCE,That property which some transparent bodies have of producingat their
surface, or within their substance, light different in colorfrom the mass of the
material, as when green crystals of fluor sparafford blue reflections. It is due
not to the difference in the colorof a distinct surface layer, but to the power
which the substance hasof modifying the light incident upon it. The light emitted
byfluorescent substances is in general of lower refrangibility than theincident
light. Stockes.
FLUORESCENT,Having the property of fluorescence.
FLUORESCIN,A colorless, amorphous substance which is produced by thereduction of
fluoresceïn, and from which the latter may be formed byoxidation.
FLUORIC,Pertaining to, obtained from, or containing, fluorine.
FLUORIDE,A binary compound of fluorine with another element or radical.Calcium
fluoride (Min.), fluorite, CaF2. See Fluorite.
FLUORINE,A non-metallic, gaseous element, strongly acid or negative, orassociated
with chlorine, bromine, and iodine, in the halogen groupof which it is the first
member. It always occurs combined, is veryactive chemically, and possesses such an
avidity for most elements,and silicon especially, that it can neither be prepared
nor kept inglass vessels. If set free it immediately attacks the
containingmaterial, so that it was not isolated until 1886. It is a
pungent,corrosive, colorless gas. Symbol F. Atomic weight 19.
FLUORITE,Calcium fluoride, a mineral of many different colors, white,yellow,
purple, green, red, etc., often very beautiful, crystallizingcommonly in cubes with
perfect octahedral cleavage; also massive. Itis used as a flux. Some varieties are
used for ornamental vessels.Also called fluor spar, or simply fluor.
FLUOROID,A tetrahexahedron; -- so called because it is a common form offluorite.
FLUOROSCOPE,An instrument for observing or exhibiting fluorescence.
FLUOROSCOPY,Examination of an object, as the human body, by exposing it tothe X
rays and observing the shadow cast upon a fluorescent screen;cryptoscopy.
FLUOROUS,Pertaining to fluor.
FLUOSILICATE,A double fluoride of silicon and some other (usually basic)element or
radical, regarded as a salt of fluosilicic acid; -- calledalso silicofluoride.
FLUOSILICIC,Composed of, or derived from, silicon and fluorine. Fluosilicicacid, a
double fluoride of hydrogen and silicon, H2F6Si, obtained insolution in water as a
sour fuming liquid, and regarded as the typeof the fluosilicates; -- called also
silicofluoric acid, andhydrofluosilicic acid.
FLURRIED,Agitated; excited.-- Flur"ried*ly adv.
FLURRY,To put in a state of agitation; to excite or alarm. H.Swinburne.
FLURT,A flirt. [Obs.] Quarles.
FLUSH,A hand of cards of the same suit.
FLUSHBOARD,Same as Flashboard.
FLUSHER,The red-backed shrike. See Flasher.
FLUSHING,A surface formed of floating threads.
FLUSHINGLY,In a flushing manner.
FLUSHNESS,The state of being flush; abundance.
FLUSTER,To make hot and rosy, as with drinking; to heat; hence, tothrow into
agitation and confusion; to confuse; to muddle.His habit or flustering himself
daily with claret. Macaulay.
FLUSTERATION,The act of flustering, or the state of being flustered;fluster.
[Colloq.]
FLUSTRATE,To fluster. [Colloq.] Spectator.
FLUSTRATION,The act of flustrating; confusion; flurry. [Colloq.]Richardson.
FLUTE A BEC,A beak flute, an older form of the flute, played with amouthpiece
resembling a beak, and held like a flageolet.
FLUTE,A channel of curved section; -- usually applied to one of avertical series of
such channels used to decorate columns andpilasters in classical architecture. See
Illust. under Base, n.
FLUTEMOUTH,A fish of the genus Aulostoma, having a much elongated tubularsnout.
FLUTING,Decoration by means of flutes or channels; a flute, or flutescollectively;
as, the fluting of a column or pilaster; the fluting ofa lady's ruffle. Fluting
iron, a laundry iron for fluting ruffles; --called also Italian iron, or gaufering
iron. Knight.-- Fluting lathe, a machine for forming spiral flutes, as onbalusters,
table legs, etc.
FLUTIST,A performer on the flute; a flautist. Busby.
FLUTTERER,One who, or that which, flutters.
FLUTTERINGLY,In a fluttering manner.
FLUTY,Soft and clear in tone, like a flute.
FLUVIAL,Belonging to rivers; growing or living in streams or ponds; as,a fluvial
plant.
FLUVIALIST,One who exlpains geological phenomena by the action of streams.[R.]
FLUVIATIC,Belonging to rivers or streams; fluviatile. Johnson.
FLUVIATILE,Belonging to rivers or streams; existing in or about rivers;produced by
river action; fluvial; as, fluviatile starta, plants.Lyell.
FLUVIO-MARINE,Formed by the joint action of a river and the sea, as depositsat the
mouths of rivers.
FLUVIOGRAPH,An instrument for measuring and recording automatically therise and
fall of a river.
FLUVIOMETER,An instrument for measuring the height of water in a river; ariver
gauge.
FLUX,Any substance or mixture used to promote the fusion of metalsor minerals, as
alkalies, borax, lime, fluorite.
FLUXATION,The act of fluxing.
FLUXIBILITY,The quality of being fluxible. Hammond.
FLUXIBLE,Capable of being melted or fused, as a mineral. Holland.--
Flux"i*ble*ness, n.
FLUXILE,Fluxible. [R.]
FLUXILITY,State of being fluxible.[Obs.]
FLUXION,The act of flowing. Cotgrave.
FLUXIONAL,Pertaining to, or having the nature of, fluxion or fluxions;variable;
inconstant.The merely human,the temporary and fluxional. Coleridge.Fluxional
structure (Geol.), fluidal structure.
FLUXIONARY,Pertaining to, or caused by, an increased flow of blood to apart;
congestive; as, a fluxionary hemorrhage.
FLUXIONIST,One skilled in fluxions. Berkeley.
FLUXIONS,See Fluxion, 6(b).
FLUXIVE,Flowing; also, wanting solidity. B. Jonson.
FLY,That part of a compass on which the points are marked; thecompass card. Totten.
FLY-BITTEN,Marked by, or as if by, the bite of flies. Shak.
FLY-CASE,The covering of an insect, esp. the elytra of beetles.
FLY-CATCHING,Having the habit of catching insects on the wing.
FLY-FISH,To angle, using flies for bait. Walton.
FLYAWAY GRASS,The hair grass (Agrostis scabra). So called from its lightpanicle,
which is blown to great distances by the wind.
FLYAWAY,Disposed to fly away; flighty; unrestrained; light and free; --used of both
persons and things. -- n.
FLYBANE,A kind of catchfly of the genus Silene; also, a poisonousmushroom (Agaricus
muscarius); fly agaric.
FLYBLOW,To deposit eggs upon, as a flesh fly does on meat; to cause tobe maggoty;
hence, to taint or contaminate, as if with flyblows. Bp.Srillingfleet.
FLYBLOWN,Tainted or contaminated with flyblows; damaged; foul.Wherever flyblown
reputations were assembled. Thackeray.
FLYBOAT,A large Dutch coasting vessel.Captain George Weymouth made a voyage of
discovery to the northwestwith two flyboats. Purchas.
FLYCATCHER,One of numerous species of birds that feed upon insects, whichthey take
on the wing.
FLYER,One in a flight of steps which are parallel to each other(as inordinary
stairs), as distinguished from a winder.
FLYFISH,A California scorpænoid fish (Sebastichthys rhodochloris),having brilliant
colors.
FLYING BOAT,A compact form of hydro-aëroplane having one central body, orhull.
FLYING FISH,A fish which is able to leap from the water, and fly aconsiderable
distance by means of its large and long pectoral fins.These fishes belong to
several species of the genus Exocoetus, andare found in the warmer parts of all the
oceans.
FLYING SQUIRREL,One of a group of squirrels, of the genera Pteromus
andSciuropterus, having parachute-like folds of skin extending from thefore to the
hind legs, which enable them to make very long leaps.
FLYING,Moving in the air with, or as with, wings; moving lightly orrapidly;
intended for rapid movement.
FLYMAN,The driver of a fly, or light public carriage.
FLYSCH,A name given to the series of sandstones and schists overlyingthe true
nummulitic formation in the Alps, and included in the EoceneTertiary.
FLYSPECK,A speck or stain made by the excrement of a fly; hence, anyinsignificant
dot.
FLYTRAP,. A trap for catching flies.
FNESE,To breathe heavily; to snort. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FO,The Chinese name of Buddha.
FOAL,The young of any animal of the Horse family (Equidæ); a colt; afilly. Foal
teeth (Zoöl.), the first set of teeth of a horse.-- In foal, With foal, being with
young; pregnant; -- said of a mareor she ass.
FOALFOOT,(Bot.) See Coltsfoot.
FOAM,The white substance, consisting of an aggregation of bubbles,which is formed
on the surface of liquids,or in the mouth of ananimal, by violent agitation or
fermentation; froth; spume; scum; as,the foam of the sea. Foam cock, in steam
boilers, a cock at the waterlevel, to blow off impurities.
FOAMINGLY,With foam; frothily.
FOAMLESS,Having no foam.
FOAMY,Covered with foam; frothy; spumy.Behold how high the foamy billows ride!
Dryden.
FOB,A little pocket for a watch. Fob chain, a short watch chainworn a watch carried
in the fob.
FOCAL,Belonging to,or concerning, a focus; as, a focal point. Focaldistance, or
length,of a lens or mirror (Opt.), the distance of thefocus from the surface of the
lens or mirror, or more exactly, in thecase of a lens, from its optical center.
--Focal distance of atelescope, the distance of the image of an object from the
objectglass.
FOCALIZATION,The act of focalizing or bringing to a focus, or the state ofbeing
focalized.
FOCALIZE,To bring to a focus; to focus; to concentrate.Light is focalized in the
eye, sound in the ear. De Quincey.
FOCILLATE,To nourish. [Obs.] Blount.
FOCILLATION,Comfort; support. [Obs.]
FOCIMETER,(Photog.) An assisting instrument for focusing an object in orbefore a
camera. Knight.
FOCUS,A point in which the rays of light meet, after being reflectedor refrcted,
and at which the image is formed; as, the focus of alens or mirror.
FODDER,A weight by which lead and some other metals were formerlysold, in England,
varying from 19 [Obs.]
FODDERER,One who fodders cattle.
FODIENT,Fitted for, or pertaining to, digging.
FODIENTIA,A group of African edentates including the aard-vark.
FOE,See Fiend, and cf. Feud a quarrel.
FOEHOOD,Enmity. Br. Bedell.
FOEMAN,An enemy in war.And the stern joy which warriors feel In foemen worthy of
theirsteel. Sir W. Scott
FOETAL,Same as Fetal.
FOETATION,Same as Fetation.
FOETICIDE,Same as Feticide.
FOETOR,Same as Fetor.
FOETUS,Same as Fetus.
FOG BELT,A region of the ocean where fogs are of marked frequency, asnear the coast
of Newfoundland.
FOG,(Agric.) To pasture cattle on the fog, or aftergrass, of; toeat off the fog
from.
FOGBOW,A nebulous arch, or bow, of white or yellowish light sometimesseen in fog,
etc.
FOGE,The Cornish name for a forge used for smelting tin. Raymond
FOGEY,See Fogy.
FOGGAGE,See 1st Fog.
FOGGER,One who fogs; a pettifogger. [Obs.]A beggarly fogger. Terence in
English(1614)
FOGGILY,In a foggy manner; obscurely. Johnson.
FOGGINESS,The state of being foggy. Johnson.
FOGIE,See Fogy.
FOGLESS,Without fog; clear. Kane.
FOGY,A dull old fellow; a person behind the times, over-conservative, or slow; --
usually preceded by old. [Written alsofogie and fogey.] [Colloq.]Notorious old
bore; regular old fogy. Thackeray.
FOGYISM,The principles and conduct of a fogy. [Colloq.]
FOH,An exclamation of abhorrence or contempt; poh; fle. Shak.
FOHIST,A Buddhist priest. See Fo.
FOIBLE,Weak; feeble. [Obs.] Lord Herbert.
FOIL,To defile; to soil. [Obs.]
FOILABLE,Capable of being foiled.
FOILER,One who foils or frustrates. Johnson.
FOILING,A foil. Simmonds.
FOIN,The beech marten (Mustela foina). See Marten.
FOINERY,Thrusting with the foil; fencing with the point, asdistinguished from
broadsword play. [Obs.] Marston.
FOININGLY,With a push or thrust. [Obs.]
FOISON,Rich harvest; plenty; abundance. [Archaic] Lowell.That from the seedness the
bare fallow brings To teeming foison.Shak.
FOIST,A light and fast-sailing ship. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
FOISTER,One who foists something surreptitiously; a falsitier. Mir. forMag.
FOISTIED,Fusty. [Obs.]
FOISTINESS,Fustiness; mustiness. [Obs.]
FOISTY,Fusty; musty. [Obs.] Johnson.
FOLD,To become folded, plaited, or doubled; to close over another ofthe same kind;
to double together; as, the leaves of the door fold. 1Kings vi. 34.
FOLDAGE,See Faldage.
FOLDER,One who, or that which, folds; esp., a flat, knifelikeinstrument used for
folding paper.
FOLDEROL,Nonsense. [Colloq.]
FOLDING,The keepig of sheep in inclosures on arable land, etc. Foldingboat, a
portable boat made by stretching canvas, etc., over jointedframework, used in
campaigning, and by tourists, etc. Ham. Nav.Encyc. Folding chairFolding door, one
of two or more doors filling asingle and hung upon hinges.
FOLDLESS,Having no fold. Milman.
FOLIACEOUS,Belonging to, or having the texture or nature of, a leaf;having leaves
intermixed with flowers; as, a foliaceous spike.
FOLIAGE,To adorn with foliage or the imitation of foliage; to form intothe
representation of leaves. [R.] Drummond.
FOLIAGED,Furnished with foliage; leaved; as, the variously foliagedmulberry.
FOLIAR,Consisting of, or pertaining to, leaves; as, foliar appendages.Foliar gap
(Bot.), an opening in the fibrovascular system of a stemat the point of origin of a
leaf.-- Foliar trace (Bot.), a particular fibrovascular bundle passingdown into the
stem from a leaf.
FOLIATE,Furnished with leaves; leafy; as, a foliate stalk. Foliatecurve. (Geom.)
Same as Folium.
FOLIATED,Containing, or consisting of, foils; as, a foliated arch.
FOLIATION,The enrichment of an opening by means of foils, arranged intrefoils,
quatrefoils, etc.; also, one of the ornaments. See Tracery.
FOLIATURE,1. Foliage; leafage. [Obs.] Shuckford.
FOLIER,Goldsmith's foil. [R.] Sprat.
FOLIFEROUS,Producing leaves. [Written also foliiferous.]
FOLILY,Foolishly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOLIO,The page number. The even folios are on the left-hand pages andthe odd folios
on the right-hand.
FOLIOLATE,Of or pertaining to leaflets; -- used in composition; as, bi-foliolate.
Gray.
FOLIOLE,One of the distinct parts of a compound leaf; a leaflet.
FOLIOMORT,See Feuillemort.
FOLIOSE,Having many leaves; leafy.
FOLIOSITY,The ponderousness or bulk of a folio; voluminousness. [R.] DeQuincey.
FOLIOUS,Foliose. [R.]
FOLIUM,A curve of the third order, consisting of two infinitebranches, which have a
common asymptote. The curve has a doublepoint, and a leaf-shaped loop; whence the
name. Its equation is x3 +y3 = axy.
FOLKETHING,The lower house of the Danish Rigsdag, or Parliament. SeeLegislature,
below.
FOLKLAND,Land held in villenage, being distributed among the folk, orpeople, at the
pleasure of the lord of the manor, and resumed at hisdiscretion. Not being held by
any assurance in writing, it wasopposed to bookland or charter land, which was held
by deed. Mozley &W.
FOLKMOTE,An assembly of the people; esp. (Sax. Law),
FOLKMOTER,One who takes part in a folkmote, or local court. [Obs.]Milton.
FOLLICLE,A simple podlike pericarp which contains several seeds andopens along the
inner or ventral suture, as in the peony, larkspurand milkweed.
FOLLICULAR,Affecting the follicles; as, follicular pharyngitis.
FOLLICULATED,Having follicles.
FOLLICULOUS,Having or producing follicles.
FOLLIFUL,Full of folly. [Obs.]
FOLLOW,To go or come after; -- used in the various senses of thetransitive verb: To
pursue; to attend; to accompany; to be a result;to imitate.
FOLLOWER,1. One who follows; a pursuer; an attendant; a disciple; adependent
associate; a retainer.
FOLLOWING EDGE,See Advancing-edge, above.
FOLLOWING SURFACE,See Advancing-surface, above.
FOLLOWING,(In the field of a telescope) In the direction from which starsare
apparently moving (in consequence of the erth's rotation); as, asmall star, north
following or south following. In the directiontoward which stars appear to move is
called preceding.
FOLWE,To follow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOMALHAUT,A star of the first magnitude, in the constellation PiscisAustralis, or
Southern Fish.
FOMENTER,One who foments; one who encourages or instigates; as, afomenter of
sedition.
FOMES,Any substance supposed to be capable of absorbing, retaining,and transporting
contagious or infectious germs; as, woolen clothesare said to be active fomites.
FON,A fool; an idiot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOND,imp. of Find. Found. Chaucer.
FONDANT,A kind of soft sweetmeat made by boiling solutions to the pointof
crystallization, usually molded; as, cherry fondant.
FONDE,To endeavor; to strive; to try. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FONDLE,To treat or handle with tenderness or in a loving manner; tocaress; as, a
nurse fondles a child.
FONDLER,One who fondles. Johnson.
FONDLING,The act of caressing; manifestation of tenderness.Cyrus made no . . .
amorous fondling To fan her pride, or melt herguardless heart. Mickle.
FONDON,A large copper vessel used for hot amalgamation.
FONDU,Blended; passing into each other by subtle gradations; -- saidof colors or of
the surface or material on which the colors are laid.
FONDUS,A style of printing calico, paper hangings, etc., in which thecolors are in
bands and graduated into each other. Ure.
FONE,pl. of Foe. [Obs.] Spenser.
FONGE,To take; to receive. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FONLY,Foolishly; fondly. [Obs.] Spenser.
FONNE,A fon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FONT,A complete assortment of printing type of one size, including adue proportion
of all the letters in the alphabet, large and small,points, accents, and whatever
else is necessary for printing withthat variety of types; a fount.
FONTAL,Pertaining to a font, fountain, source, or origin; original;primitive.
[R.]From the fontal light of ideas only can a man draw intellectualpower.
Coleridge.
FONTANEL,An issue or artificial ulcer for the discharge of humors fromthe body.
[Obs.] Wiseman.
FONTANELLE,Same as Fontanel, 2.
FONTANGE,A kind of tall headdress formerly worn. Addison.
FOOD,To supply with food. [Obs.] Baret.
FOODFUL,Full of food; supplying food; fruitful; fertile. "The foodfulearth."
Dryden.Bent by its foodful burden [the corn]. Glover.
FOODLESS,Without food; barren. Sandys.
FOODY,Eatable; fruitful. [R.] Chapman.
FOOL,A compound of gooseberries scalded and crushed, with cream; --commonly called
gooseberry fool.
FOOL-BORN,Begotten by a fool. Shak.
FOOL-HAPPY,Lucky, without judgment or contrivance. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOOL-HASTY,Foolishly hasty. [R.]
FOOL-LARGE,Foolishly liberal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOOL-LARGESSE,Foolish expenditure; waste. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOOLAHS,Same as Fulahs.
FOOLHARDIHOOD,The state of being foolhardy; foolhardiness.
FOOLHARDILY,In a foolhardy manner.
FOOLHARDINESS,Courage without sense or judgment; foolish rashness;recklessness.
Dryden.
FOOLHARDISE,Foolhardiness. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOOLHARDY,Daring without judgment; foolishly adventurous and bold.Howell.
FOOLIFY,To make a fool of; to befool. [R.] Holland.
FOOLISHLY,In a foolish manner.
FOOLSCAP,A writing paper made in sheets, ordinarily 16 x 13 inches, andfolded so as
to make a page 13 x 8 inches. See Paper.
FOOT CANDLE,The amount of illumination produced by a standard candle at adistance
of one foot.
FOOT GUARDS,Infantry soldiers belonging to select regiments called theGuards.
[Eng.]
FOOT POUND,A unit of energy, or work, being equal to the work done inraising one
pound avoirdupois against the force of gravity the heightof one foot.
FOOT POUNDAL,A unit of energy or work, equal to the work done in moving abody
through one foot against the force of one poundal.
FOOT TON,A unit of energy or work, being equal to the work done inraising one ton
against the force of gravity through the height ofone foot.
FOOT VALVE,A suction valve or check valve at the lower end of a pipe;esp., such a
valve in a steam-engine condenser opening to the airpump.
FOOT,The terminal part of the leg of man or an animal; esp., thepart below the
ankle or wrist; that part of an animal upon which itrests when standing, or moves.
See Manus, and Pes.
FOOT-SORE,Having sore or tender feet, as by reason of much walking; as,foot-sore
cattle.
FOOTBALL,An inflated ball to be kicked in sport, usually made in Indiarubber, or a
bladder incased in Leather. Waller.
FOOTBAND,A band of foot soldiers. [Obs.]
FOOTBATH,A bath for the feet; also, a vessel used in bathing the feet.
FOOTBOY,A page; an attendant in livery; a lackey. Shak.
FOOTBREADTH,The breadth of a foot; -- used as a measure. Longfellow.Not so much as
a footbreadth. Deut. ii. 5.
FOOTBRIDGE,A narrow bridge for foot passengers only.
FOOTCLOTH,Formerly, a housing or caparison for a horse. Sir W. Scott.
FOOTFALL,A setting down of the foot; a footstep; the sound of afootstep.
Shak.Seraphim, whose footfalls tinkled on the tufted floor. Poe
FOOTFIGHT,A conflict by persons on foot; -- distinguished from a fight onhorseback.
Sir P. Sidney.
FOOTGLOVE,A kind of stocking. [Obs.]
FOOTHALT,A disease affecting the feet of sheep.
FOOTHILL,A low hill at the foot of highe
FOOTHOLD,A holding with the feet; firm L'Estrange.
FOOTHOOK,See Futtock.
FOOTHOT,Hastily; immediately; instantly; on the spot; hotfloot. Gower.Custance have
they taken anon, foothot. Chaucer.
FOOTING,The thickened or sloping portion of a wall, or of an embankmentat its foot.
Footing course (Arch.), one of the courses of masonry atthe foot of a wall, broader
than the courses above.-- To pay one's footing, to pay a fee on first doing
anything, asworking at a trade or in a shop. Wright.-- Footing beam, the tie beam
of a roof.
FOOTLESS,Having no feet.
FOOTLICKER,A sycophant; a fawner; a toady. Cf. Bootlick. Shak.
FOOTLIGHT,One of a row of lights in the front of the stage in a theater,etc., and
on a level therewith. Before the footlights, upon thestage; -- hence, in the
capacity of an actor.
FOOTMAN,A moth of the family Lithosidæ; -- so called from its livery-like colors.
FOOTMANSHIP,Art or skill of a footman.
FOOTMARK,A footprint; a track or vestige. Coleridge.
FOOTNOTE,A note of reference or comment at the foot of a page.
FOOTPAD,A highwayman or robber on foot.
FOOTPATH,A narrow path or way for pedestrains only; a footway.
FOOTPLATE,See Footboard (a).
FOOTPRINT,The impression of the foot; a trace or footmark; as,"Footprints of the
Creator."
FOOTS,The settlings of oil, molasses, etc., at the bottom of a barrelor hogshead.
Simmonds.
FOOTSTALK,The stalk of a leaf or of flower; a petiole, pedicel, orreduncle.
FOOTSTALL,The plinth or base of a pillar.
FOOTSTONE,The stone at the foot of a grave; -- opposed to headstone.
FOOTSTOOL,A low stool to support the feet of one when sitting.
FOOTWAY,A passage for pedestrians only.
FOOTWORN,Worn by, or weared in, the feet; as, a footworn path; afootworn traveler.
FOOZLE,To bungle; to manage awkwardly; to treat or play unskillfully;as, to foozle
a stroke in golf.
FOP,One whose ambition it is to gain admiration by showy dress; acoxcomb; an
inferior dandy.
FOP-DOODLE,A stupid or insignaficant fellow; a fool; a simpleton. [R.]Hudibras.
FOPLING,A petty fop. Landor.
FOPPISH,Foplike; characteristic of a top in dress or manners; making anostentatious
display of gay clothing; affected in manners.
FOR,In the most general sense, indicating that in consideration of,in view of, or
with reference to, which anything is done or takesplace.
FOR-,A prefix to verbs, having usually the force of a negative orprivative. It
often implies also loss, detriment, or destruction, andsometimes it is intensive,
meaning utterly, quite thoroughly, as inforbathe.
FORAGE,To wander or rove in search of food; to collect food, esp.forage, for horses
and cattle by feeding on or stripping the country;to ravage; to feed on spoil.His
most mighty father on a hill Stood smiling to behold his lion'swhelp Forage in
blood of French nobility. Shak.Foraging ant (Zoöl.), one of several species of ants
of the genusEciton, very abundant in tropical America, remarkable for marching
invast armies in search of food.-- Foraging cap, a forage cap.-- Foraging party, a
party sent out after forage.
FORAGER,One who forages.
FORALITE,A tubelike marking, occuring in sandstone and other strata.
FORAMEN,A small opening, perforation, or orifice; a fenestra. Foramenof Monro
(Anat.), the opening from each lateral into the thirdventricle of the brain.--
Foramen of Winslow (Anat.), the opening connecting the sac of theomentum with the
general cavity of the peritoneum.
FORAMINATED,Having small opening, or foramina.
FORAMINIFER,One of the foraminifera.
FORAMINIFERA,An extensive order of rhizopods which generally have achambered
calcareous shell formed by several united zooids. Many ofthem have perforated
walls, whence the name. Some species are coveredwith sand. See Rhizophoda.
FORAMINOUS,Having foramina; full of holes; porous. Bacon.
FORASMUCH,In consideration that; seeing that; since; because that; --followed by
as. See under For, prep.
FORAY,A sudden or irregular incursion in border warfare; hence, anyirregular
incursion for war or spoils; a raid. Spenser.The huge Earl Doorm, . . . Bound on a
foray, rolling eyes of prey.Tennyson.
FORAYER,One who makes or joins in a foray.They might not choose the lowand road,
For the Merse forayers wereabroad. Sir W. Scott.
FORBADE,imp. of Forbid.
FORBATHE,To bathe. [Obs.]
FORBEAR,An ancestor; a forefather; -- usually in the plural. [Scot.]"Your forbears
of old." Sir W. Scott.
FORBEARANCE,The act of forbearing or waiting; the exercise of patience.He soon
shall findForbearance no acquittance ere day end. Milton.
FORBEARANT,Forbearing. [R.] Carlyle.
FORBEARER,One who forbears. Tusser.
FORBEARING,Disposed or accustomed to forbear; patient; long-suffering.--
For*bear"ing*ly, adv.
FORBID,To utter a prohibition; to prevent; to hinder. "I did not orforbid." Milton.
FORBIDDANCE,The act of forbidding; prohibition; command or edict against athing.
[Obs.]ow hast thou yield to transgress The strict forbiddance. Milton.
FORBIDDEN,Prohibited; interdicted.I kniw no spells, use no forbidden arts.
Milton.Forbidden fruit. (a) Any coveted unlawful pleasure, -- so called
withreference to the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden. (b) (Bot.) Asmall
variety of shaddock (Citrus decumana). The name is given indifferent places to
several varieties of Citrus fruits.
FORBIDDENLY,In a forbidden or unlawful manner. Shak.
FORBIDDER,One who forbids. Milton.
FORBIDDING,Repelling approach; repulsive; raising abhorrence, aversion, ordislike;
disagreeable; prohibiting or interdicting; as, a forbiddingaspect; a forbidding
formality; a forbidding air.
FORBLACK,Very black. [Obs.]As any raven's feathers it shone forblack. Chaucer.
FORBODEN,p. p. of Forbid. Chaucer.
FORBORE,imp. of Forbear.
FORBORNE,p. p. of Forbear.
FORBRUISE,To bruise sorely or exceedingly. [Obs.]All forbrosed, both back and side.
Chaucer.
FORBY,Near; hard by; along; past. [Obs.]To tell her if her child went ought forby.
Chaucer.To the intent that ships may pass along forby all the sides of thecity
without let. Robynson (More's Utopia).
FORCARVE,To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORCE,To stuff; to lard; to farce. [R.]Wit larded with malice, and malice forced
with wit. Shak.
FORCED,Done or produced with force or great labor, or by extraordinaryexertion;
hurried; strained; produced by unnatural effort orpressure; as, a forced style; a
forced laugh. Forced draught. Seeunder Draught.-- Forced march (Mil.), a march of
one or more days made with allpossible speed.-- For"ced*ly, adv.-- For"ced*ness, n.
FORCEFUL,Full of or processing force; exerting force; mighty.-- Force"ful*ly,
adv.Against the steed he threw His forceful spear. Dryden.
FORCELESS,Having little or no force; feeble.These forceless flowers like sturdy
trees support me. Shak.
FORCEMEAT,Meat chopped fine and highly seasoned, either served up alone,or used as
a stuffing. [Written also forced meat.]
FORCEMENT,The act of forcing; compulsion. [Obs.]It was imposed upon us by
constraint; And will you count suchforcement treachery J. Webster.
FORCEPS,The caudal forceps-shaped appendage of earwigs and some otherinsects. See
Earwig. Dressing forceps. See under Dressing.
FORCIBLE-FEEBLE,Seemingly vigorous, but really weak or insipid.He [Prof. Ayton]
would purge his book of much offensive matter, if hestruck out epithets which are
in the bad taste of the forcible-feebleschool. N. Brit. Review.
FORCIBLENESS,The quality of being forcible.
FORCIBLY,In a forcible manner.
FORCING,The art of raising plants, flowers, and fruits at an earlierseason than the
natural one, as in a hitbed or by the use ofartificial heat. Forcing bed or pit, a
plant bed having an underlayer of fermenting manure, the fermentation yielding
bottom heat forforcing plants; a hotbed.-- Forcing engine, a fire engine.-- Forcing
fit (Mech.), a tight fit, as of one part into a hole inanother part, which makes it
necessary to use considerable force inputting the two parts together.-- Forcing
house, a greenhouse for the forcing of plants, fruittrees, etc.-- Forcing machine,
a powerful press for putting together orseparating two parts that are fitted
tightly one into another, as forforcing a crank on a shaft, or for drawing off a
car wheel from theaxle.-- Forcing pump. See Force pump (b).
FORCIPAL,Forked or branched like a pair of forceps; constructed so as toopen and
shut like a pair of forceps. Sir T. Browne.
FORCIPATION,Torture by pinching with forceps or pinchers. Bacon.
FORCITE,A gelatin dynamite in which the dope is composed largely ofsodium nitrate.
FORCUT,To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORD,To pass or cross, as a river or other water, by wading; to wadethrough.His
last section, which is no deep one, remains only to be forted.Milton.
FORDABLE,Capable of being forded.-- Ford"a*ble*ness, n.
FORDLESS,Without a ford.A deep and fordless river. Mallock.
FORDONE,Undone; ruined. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORDRIVE,To drive about; to drive here and there. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
FORDRUNKEN,Utterly drunk; very drunk. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORDRY,Entirely dry; withered. [Obs.] "A tree fordry." Chaucer.
FORDWINE,To dwindle away; to disappear. [Obs.] Rom of R.
FORE TOOTH,One of the teeth in the forepart of the mouth; an incisor.
FORE,Journey; way; method of proceeding. [Obs.] "Follow him and hisfore." Chaucer.
FORE-NIGHT,The evening between twilight and bedtime. [Scot.]
FORE-TOPGALLANT,Designating the mast, sail, yard, etc., above the topmast; as,the
fore-topgallant sail. See Sail.
FORE-TOPMAST,The mast erected at the head of the foremast, and at the headof which
stands the fore-topgallant mast. See Ship.
FORE-TOPSAIL,See Sail.
FOREADMONISH,To admonish beforehand, or before the act or event. Bp. Hall.
FOREADVISE,To advise or counsel before the time of action, or before theevent.
Shak.
FOREALLEGE,To allege or cite before. Fotherby.
FOREAPPOINT,To set, order, or appoint, beforehand. Sherwood.
FOREAPPOINTMENT,Previous appointment; preordinantion. Sherwood.
FOREARM,To arm or prepare for attack or resistance before the time ofneed. South.
FOREBEAM,The breast beam of a loom.
FOREBEAR,An ancestor. See Forbear.
FOREBODE,To fortell; to presage; to augur.If I forebode aright. Hawthorne.
FOREBODEMENT,The act of foreboding; the thing foreboded.
FOREBODER,One who forebodes.
FOREBODING,Presage of coming ill; expectation of misfortune.
FOREBODINGLY,In a foreboding manner.
FOREBRACE,A rope applied to the fore yardarm, to change the position ofthe
foresail.
FOREBRAIN,The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain,including the
prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimesrestricted to the prosencephalon
only. See Brain.
FOREBY,Near; hard by; along; past. See Forby. Spenser.
FORECAST,To contrive or plan beforehand.If it happen as I did forecast. Milton.
FORECASTER,One who forecast. Johnson.
FORECHOSEN,Chosen beforehand.
FORECITED,Cited or quoted before or above. Arbuthnot.
FORECLOSE,To shut up or out; to preclude; to stop; to prevent; to bar;
toexclude.The embargo with Spain foreclosed this trade. Carew.To foreclose a
mortgager (Law), to cut him off by a judgment of courtfrom the power of redeeming
the mortgaged premises, termed his equityof redemption.-- To foreclose a mortgage,
(not technically correct, but often usedto signify) the obtaining a judgment for
the payment of an overduemortgage, and the exposure of the mortgaged property to
sale to meetthe mortgage debt. Wharton.
FORECLOSURE,The act or process of foreclosing; a proceeding which bars
orextinguishes a mortgager's right of redeeming a mortgaged estate.
FORECONCEIVE,To preconceive; to imagine beforehand. [Obs.] Bacon.
FOREDATE,To date before the true time; to antendate.
FOREDECK,The fore part of a deck, or of a ship.
FOREDEEM,To recognize or judge in advance; to forebode. [Obs.] Udall.Laugh at your
misery, as foredeeming you An idle meteor. J. Webster.
FOREDESIGN,To plan beforehand; to intend previously. Cheyne.
FOREDETERMINE,To determine or decree beforehand. Bp. Hopkins.
FOREDISPOSE,To bestow beforehand. [R.]King James had by promise foredisposed the
place on the Bishop ofMeath. Fuller.
FOREDOOM,To doom beforehand; to predestinate.Thou art foredomed to view the Stygian
state. Dryden.
FOREFATHER,One who precedes another in the line of genealogy in anydegree, but
usually in a remote degree; an ancestor.Respecting your forefathers, you would have
been taught to respectyourselves. Burke.Forefathers' Day, the anniversary of the
day (December 21) on whichthe Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts
(1620). Onaccount of a mistake in reckoning the change from Old Style to NewStyle,
it has generally been celebrated on the 22d.
FOREFEEL,To feel beforehand; to have a presentiment of. [Obs.]As when, with
unwieldy waves, the great sea forefeels winds. Chapman.
FOREFENCE,Defense in front. [Obs.]
FOREFEND,To hinder; to fend off; to avert; to prevent the approach of;to forbid or
prohibit. See Forfend.God forefend it should ever be recorded in our history.
Landor.It would be a far better work . . . to forefend the cruelty. I.Taylor.
FOREFINGER,The finger next to the thumb; the index.
FOREFLOW,To flow before. [Obs.]
FOREFOOT,A piece of timber which terminates the keel at the fore end,connecting it
with the lower end of the stem.
FOREFRONT,Foremost part or place.Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the hottest
battle. 2 Sam. xi. 15.Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, standing in the forefront for all
time,the masters of those who know. J. C. Shairp.
FOREGAME,A first game; first plan. [Obs.] Whitlock.
FOREGANGER,A short rope grafted on a harpoon, to which a longer linTotten.
FOREGATHER,Same as Forgather.
FOREGIFT,A premium paid by
FOREGLEAM,An antecedent or premonitory gleam; a dawning light.The foregleams of
wisdom. Whittier.
FOREGO,To go before; to precede; -- used especially in the present andpast
participles.Pleasing remembrance of a thought foregone. Wordsworth.For which the
very mother's face forewent The mother's specialpatience. Mrs. Browning.Foregone
conclusion, one which has preceded argument or examination;one predetermined.
FOREGOER,One who forbears to enjoy.
FOREGROUND,On a painting, and sometimes in a bas-relief, mosaic picture,or the
like, that part of the scene represented, which is nearest tothe spectator, and
therefore occupies the lowest part of the work ofart itself. Cf. Distance, n., 6.
FOREGUESS,To conjecture. [Obs.]
FOREGUT,The anterior part of the alimentary canal, from the mouth tothe intestine,
o
FOREHAND,Done beforehand; anticipative.And so extenuate the forehand sin. Shak.
FOREHEAR,To hear beforehand.
FOREHEARTH,The forward extension of the hearth of a blast furnace underthe tymp.
FOREHEND,See Forhend. [Obs.]
FOREHEW,To hew or cut in front. [Obs.] Sackville.
FOREHOLD,The forward part of the hold of a ship.
FOREHOLDING,Ominous foreboding; superstitious prognostication. [Obs.]L'Estrange.
FOREHOOK,A piece of timber placed across the stem, to unite the bows andstrengthen
the fore part of the ship; a breast hook.
FOREIGNER,A person belonging to or owning allegiance to a foreigncountry; one not
native in the country or jurisdiction underconsideration, or not naturalized there;
an alien; a stranger.Joy is such a foreigner, So mere a stranger to my thoughts.
Denham.Nor could the majesty of the English crown appear in a greaterluster, either
to foreigners or subjects. Swift.
FOREIGNISM,Anything peculiar to a foreign language or people; a foreignidiom or
custom.It is a pity to see the technicalities of the so-called liberalprofessions
distigured by foreignisms. Fitzed. Hall.
FOREIGNNESS,The quality of being foreign; remoteness; want of relation
orappropriateness.Let not the foreignness of the subject hinder you from
endeavoring toset me right. Locke.A foreignness of complexion. G. Eliot.
FOREIN,Foreign. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOREJUDGE,To judge beforehand, or before hearing the facts and proof; toprejudge.
FOREJUDGER,A judgment by which one is deprived or put of a right or thingin
question.
FOREJUDGMENT,Prejudgment. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOREKNOW,To have previous knowledge of; to know beforehand.Who would the miseries
of man foreknow Dryden.
FOREKNOWABLE,That may be foreknown. Dr. H. More.
FOREKNOWER,One who foreknows.
FOREKNOWINGLY,With foreknowledge.He who . . . foreknowingly loses his life. Jer.
Taylor.
FOREKNOWLEDGE,Knowledge of a thing before it happens, or of whatever is tohappen;
prescience.If I foreknew, Foreknowledge had no influence on their fault. Milton.
FOREL,A kind of parchment for book covers. See Forrill.
FORELAND,A piece of ground between the wall of a place and the moat.Farrow.
FORELEADER,One who leads others by his example; aguide.
FORELEND,See Forlend. [Obs.]As if that life to losse they had forelent. Spenser.
FORELET,See Forlet. [Obs.] Holland.
FORELIE,To lie in front of. [Obs.]Which forelay Athwart her snowy breast. Spenser.
FORELIFT,To lift up in front. [Obs.]
FORELOCK,A cotter or split pin, as in a slot in a bolt, to preventretraction; a
linchpin; a pin fastening the cap-square of a gun.Forelock bolt, a bolt retained by
a key, gib, or cotter passingthrough a slot.-- Forelock hook (Rope Making), a winch
or whirl by which a bunch ofthree yarns is twisted into a standard. Knight.-- To
take time, or occasion, by the forelock, to make prompt use ofanything; not to let
slip an opportunity.Time is painted with a lock before and bald behind,
signifyingthereby that we must take time by the forelock; for when it is oncepast,
there is no recalling it. Swift.On occasion's forelock watchful wait. Milton.
FORELOOK,To look beforehand or forward. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOREMAN,The first or chief man; as:(a) The chief man of a jury, who acts as their
speaker.(b) The chief of a set of hands employed in a shop, or on works ofany kind,
who superintends the rest; an overseer.
FOREMAST,The mast nearest the bow. Foremast hand or man (Naut.), acommon sailor;
also, a man stationed to attend to the gear of theforemast.
FOREMEANT,Intended beforehand; premeditated. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOREMENTIONED,Mentioned before; already cited; aforementioned. Addison.
FOREMILK,The milk secreted just before, or directly after, the birth ofa child or
of the young of an animal; colostrum.
FOREMOST,First in time or place; most advanced; chief in rank ordignity; as, the
foremost troops of an army.THat struck the foremost man of all this world. Shak.
FOREMOSTLY,In the foremost place or order; among the foremost. J. Webster.
FOREMOTHER,A female ancestor.
FORENAME,A name that precedes the family name or surname; a first name.Selden.
FORENAMED,Named before; aforenamed.
FORENDIHAZ,See Legislature.
FORENENST,Over against; opposite to. [Now dialectic]The land forenenst the Greekish
shore. Fairfax.
FORENOON,The early part of the day, from morning to meridian, or noon.
FORENOTICE,Notice or information of an event before it happens;forewarning. [R.]
Rymer.
FORENSAL,Forensic. [R.]
FORENSIC,Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion anddebate; used
in legal proceedings, or in public discussions;argumentative; rhetorical; as,
forensic eloquence or disputes.Forensic medicine, medical jurisprudence; medicine
in its relationsto law.
FORENSICAL,Forensic. Berkley.
FOREORDAIN,To ordain or appoint beforehand; to preordain; to predestinate;to
predetermine. Hooker.
FOREORDINATE,To foreordain.
FOREORDINATION,Previous ordination or appointment; predetermination;predestination.
FOREPAST,Bygone. [Obs.] Shak.
FOREPRIZE,To prize or rate beforehand. [Obs.] Hooker.
FOREPROMISED,Promised beforehand; preëngaged. Bp. Hall.
FOREQUOTED,Cited before; quoted in a foregoing part of the treatise oressay.
FORERAN,imp. of Forerun.
FORERANK,The first rank; the front.
FOREREACH,To advance or gain upon; -- said of a vessel that gains uponanother when
sailing closehauled.
FOREREAD,To tell beforehand; to signify by tokens; to predestine. [Obs.]Spenser.
FORERECITED,Named or recited before. "The forerecited practices." Shak.
FOREREMEMBERED,Called to mind previously. Bp. Montagu.
FORERIGHT,Ready; directly forward; going before. [Obs.] "A forerightwind." Chapman.
FORERUNNER,A piece of rag terminating the log line.
FORESAID,Mentioned before; aforesaid.
FORESAY,To foretell. [Obs.]Her danger nigh that sudden change foresaid. Fairfax.
FORESEE,To have or exercise foresight. [Obs.]
FORESEEN,, or (strictly) p. p. Provided; in case that; on conditionthat. [Obs.]One
manner of meat is most sure to every complexion, foreseen that itbe alway most
commonly in conformity of qualities, with the personthat eateth. Sir T. Elyot.
FORESEER,One who foresees or foreknows.
FORESEIZE,To seize beforehand.
FORESHADOW,To shadow or typi Dryden.
FORESHEW,See Foreshow.
FORESHIP,The fore part of a ship. [Obs.]
FORESHORTEN,To represent on a plane surface, as if extended in a directiontoward
the spectator or nearly so; to shorten by drawing inperspective.
FORESHORTENING,Representation in a foreshortened mode or way.
FORESHOT,In distillation of low wines, the first portion of spirit thatcomes over,
being a fluid abounding in fusel oil. Knight.
FORESHOW,To show or exhibit beforehand; to give foreknowledge of; toprognosticate;
to foretell.Your looks foreshow You have a gentle heart. Shak.Next, like Aurora,
Spenser rose, Whose purple blush the dayforeshows. Denham.
FORESHOWER,One who predicts.
FORESIGHT,Any sight or reading of the leveling staff, except thebacksight; any
sight or bearing taken by a compass or theodolite in aforward direction.
FORESIGHTED,Sagacious; prudent; provident for the future. Bartram.
FORESIGHTFUL,Foresighted. [Obs.]
FORESIGNIFY,To signify beforehand; to foreshow; to typify. Milton.
FORESKIN,The fold of skin which covers the glans of the penis; theprepuce.
FORESKIRT,The front skirt of a garment, in distinction from the train.Honor's train
Is longer than his foreskirt. Shak.
FORESLACK,See Forslack.
FORESLEEVE,The sleeve below the elbow.
FORESLOW,To make slow; to hinder; to obstruct. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. t.No stream,
no wood, no mountain could foreslow Their hasty pace.Fairfax.
FORESPEAK,See Forspeak.
FORESPEAKING,A prediction; also, a preface. [Obs.] Camden. Huloet.
FORESPEECH,A preface. [Obs.] Sherwood.
FORESPENT,Already spent; gone by; past. [Obs.] Shak.
FORESPURRER,One who rides before; a harbinger. [Obs.] Shak.
FOREST,A large extent or precinct of country, generally waste andwoody, belonging
to the sovereign, set apart for the keeping of gamefor his use, not inclosed, but
distinguished by certain limits, andprotected by certain laws, courts, and officers
of its own. Burrill.
FORESTAFF,An instrument formerly used at sea for taking the altitudes ofheavenly
bodies, now superseded by the sextant; -- called also cross-staff. Brande & C.
FORESTAL,Of or pertaining to forests; as, forestal rights.
FORESTALL,To obstruct or stop up, as a way; to stop the passage of onhighway; to
intercept on the road, as goods on the way to market. Toforestall the market, to
buy or contract for merchandise or provisionon its way to market, with the
intention of selling it again at ahigher price; to dissuade persons from bringing
their goods orprovisions there; or to persuade them to enhance the price whenthere.
This was an offense at law in England until 1844. Burrill.
FORESTALLER,One who forestalls; esp., one who forestalls the market. Locke.
FORESTAY,A large, strong rope, reaching from the foremast head to thebowsprit, to
support the mast. See Illust. under Ship.
FORESTER,A lepidopterous insect belonging to Alypia and allied genera;as, the
eight-spotted forester (A. octomaculata), which in the larvalstate is injurious to
the grapevine.
FORESTICK,Front stick of a hearth fire.
FORESTRY,The art of forming or of cultivating forests; the management ofgrowing
timber.
FORETASTE,A taste beforehand; enjoyment in advance; anticipation.
FORETASTER,One who tastes beforehand, or before another.
FORETEACH,To teach beforehand. [Obs.]
FORETELL,To predict; to tell before occurence; to prophesy; to foreshow.Deeds then
undone my faithful tongue foretold. Pope.Prodigies, foretelling the future eminence
and luster of hischaracter. C. Middleton.
FORETELLER,One who predicts. Boyle.
FORETHINK,To contrive beforehand. [Obs.]
FORETHOUGHT,Thought of, or planned, beforehand; aforethought; prepense;hence,
deliberate. "Forethought malice." Bacon.
FORETHOUGHTFUL,Having forethought. [R.]
FORETIME,The past; the time before the present. "A very dim foretime."J. C. Shairp.
FORETOKEN,Prognostic; previous omen. Sir P. Sidney.
FORETOP,The platform at the head of the foremast.
FOREVOUCHED,Formerly vouched or avowed; affirmed in advance. [R.] Shak.
FOREWARD,The van; the front. [Obs.]My foreward shall be drawn out all in length,
Consisting equally ofhorse and foot. Shak.
FOREWARN,To warn beforehand; to give previous warning, admonition,information, or
notice to; to caution in advance.We were forewarned of your coming. Shak.
FOREWASTE,See Forewaste. Gascoigne.
FOREWEND,To go before. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOREWISH,To wish beforehand.
FOREWITE,To foreknow. [Obs.] [Written also forwete.] Chaucer.
FOREWOMAN,A woman who is chief; a woman who has charge of the work orworkers in a
shop or other place; a head woman. Tatler. W. Besant.
FOREWORD,A preface. Furnvall.
FOREWORN,Worn out; wasted; used up. [Archaic]Old foreworn stories almost forgotten.
Brydges.
FOREWOT,, 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forewite. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOREYARD,The lowermost yard on the foremast.
FORFALTURE,Forfeiture. [Obs.]
FORFEIT,Lost or alienated for an offense or crime; liable to penalseizure.Thy
wealth being forfeit to the state. Shak.To tread the forfeit paradise. Emerson.
FORFEITABLE,Liable to be forfeited; subject to forfeiture.For the future, uses
shall be subject to the statutes of mortmain,and forfeitable, like the lands
themselves. Blackstone.
FORFEITER,One who incurs a penalty of forfeiture.
FORFEND,To prohibit; to forbid; to avert. [Archaic]Which peril heaven forefend!
Shak.
FORFERED,Excessively alarmed; in great fear. [Obs.] "Forfered of hisdeath."
Chaucer.
FORFETE,To incur a penalty; to transgress. [Obs.]And all this suffered our Lord
Jesus Christ that never forfeted.Chaucer.
FORFEX,A pair of shears. Pope.
FORFICATE,Deeply forked, as the tail of certain birds.
FORFICULA,A genus of insects including the earwigs. See Earwig, 1.
FORGATHER,To convene; to gossip; to meet accidentally. [Scot.] Jamieson.Within that
circle he forgathered with many a fool. Wilson.
FORGAVE,imp. of Forgive.
FORGE,To move heavily and slowly, as a ship after the sails arefurled; to work
one's way, as one ship in outsailing another; -- usedespecially in the phrase to
forge ahead. Totten.And off she [a ship] forged without a shock. De Quincey.
FORGEMAN,A skilled smith, who has a hammerer to assist him.
FORGER,One who forges, makes, of forms; a fabricator; a falsifier.
FORGET-ME-NOT,A small herb, of the genus Myosotis (M. palustris, incespitosa,etc.),
bearing a beautiful blue flower, and extensively consideredthe emblem of fidelity.
FORGETFULLY,In a forgetful manner.
FORGETIVE,Inventive; productive; capable. [Obs.] Shak.
FORGETTABLE,Liable to be, or that may be, forgotten. Carlyle.
FORGETTER,One who forgets; a heedless person. Johnson.
FORGETTINGLY,By forgetting.
FORGING,A piece of forged work in metal; -- a general name for a pieceof hammered
iron or steel.There are very few yards in the world at which such forgings could
beturned out. London Times.
FORGIVABLE,Capable of being forgiven; pardonable; venial. Sherwood.
FORGIVER,One who forgives. Johnson.
FORGIVING,Disposed to forgive; inclined to overlook offenses; mild;merciful;
compassionate; placable; as, a forgiving temper.-- For*giv"ing*ly, adv.--
For*giv"ing*ness, n. J. C. Shairp.
FORGO,To pass by; to leave. See 1st Forego.For sith [since] I shall forgoon my
liberty At your request. Chaucer.And four [days] since Florimell the court forwent.
Spenser.
FORGOT,imp. & p. p. of Forget.
FORGOTTEN,p. p. of Forget.
FORHALL,To harass; to torment; to distress. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORHEND,To seize upon. [Obs.]
FORINSECAL,Foreign; alien. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
FORISFAMILIATE,Literally, to put out of a family; hence, to portion off, so asto
exclude further claim of inheritance; to emancipate (as a with hisown consent) from
paternal authority. Blackstone.
FORISFAMILIATION,The act of forisfamiliating.
FORK,To raise, or pitch with a fork, as hay; to dig or turn overwith a fork, as the
soil.Forking the sheaves on the high-laden cart. Prof. Wilson.To fork over or out,
to hand or pay over, as money. [Slang] G. Eliot.
FORK-TAILED,Having the outer tail feathers longer than the median ones;swallow-
tailed; -- said of many birds. Fork-tailed flycatcher(Zoöl.), a tropical American
flycatcher (Milvulus tyrannus).-- Fork-tailed gull (Zoöl.), a gull of the genus
Xema, of twospecies, esp. X. Sabinii of the Arctic Ocean.-- Fork-tailed kite
(Zoöl.), a graceful American kite (Elanoidesforficatus); -- called also swallow-
tailed kite.
FORKERVE,See Forcarve, v. t.
FORKINESS,The quality or state or dividing in a forklike manner.
FORKLESS,Having no fork.
FORKY,Opening into two or more parts or shoots; forked; furcated."Forky tongues."
Pope.
FORLAFT,p. p. of Forleave. Chaucer.
FORLAY,To lie in wait for; to ambush.An ambushed thief forlays a traveler. Dryden.
FORLEAVE,To leave off wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORLEND,To give up wholly. [Obs.]
FORLESE,To lose utterly. [Obs.] haucer.
FORLET,To give up; to leave; to abandon. [Obs.] "To forlet sin."Chaucer.
FORLIE,See Forlie.
FORLORE,oForlese. [Obs.]The beasts their caves, the birds their neforlore. Fairfax.
FORLORNLY,In a forlorn manner. Pollok.
FORLORNNESS,State of being forlorn. Boyle.
FORLYE,Same as Forlie. [Obs.]
FORM,A suffix used to denote in the form or shape of, resembling,etc.; as,
valiform; oviform.
FORMALDEHYDE,A colorless, volatile liquid, H2CO, resembling acetic or
ethylaldehyde, and chemically intermediate between methyl alcohol andformic acid.
FORMALIN,An aqueous solution of formaldehyde, used as a preservative inmuseums and
as a disinfectant.
FORMALISM,The practice or the doctrine of strict adherence to, ordependence on,
external forms, esp. in matters of religion.Official formalism. Sir H. Rawlinson.
FORMALIST,One overattentive to forms, or too much confined to them; esp.,one who
rests in external religious forms, or observes strictly theoutward forms of
worship, without possessing the life and spirit ofreligion.As far a formalist from
wisdom sits, In judging eyes, as libertinesfrom wits. Young.
FORMALITY,The dress prescribed for any body of men, academical,municipal, or
sacerdotal. [Obs.]The doctors attending her in their formalities as far as
Shotover.Fuller.
FORMALIZE,To affect formality. [Obs.] ales.
FORMALLY,In a formal manner; essentially; characteristically; expressly;regularly;
ceremoniously; precisely.That which formally makes this [charity] a Christian
grace, is thespring from which it flows. Smalridge.You and your followers do stand
formally divided against theauthorized guides of the church and rest of the people.
Hooker.
FORMAT,The shape and size of a book; hence, its external form.
FORMATE,A salt of formic acid. [Written also formiate.]
FORMATION,The arrangement of a body of troops, as in a square, column,etc. Farrow.
FORMATIVE,Serving to form; derivative; not radical; as, a terminationmerely
formative.
FORME,Same as Paté or Patté.
FORMED,Arranged, as stars in a constellation; as, formed stars. [R.]
FORMEDON,A writ of right for a tenant in tail in case of adiscontinuance of the
estate tail. This writ has been abolished.
FORMELL,The female of a hawk or falcon.
FORMERET,One of the half ribs against the walls in a ceiling vaultedwith ribs.
FORMERLY,In time past, either in time immediately preceding or at anyindefinite
distance; of old; heretofore.
FORMFUL,Creative; imaginative. [R.] "The formful brain." Thomson.
FORMIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, ants; as, formic acid; in anextended sense,
pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid; as,formic ether. Amido formic acid,
carbamic acid.-- Formic acid, a colorless, mobile liquid, HCO.OH, of a sharp,
acidtaste, occurring naturally in ants, nettles, pine needles, etc., andproduced
artifically in many ways, as by the oxidation of methylalcohol, by the reduction of
carbonic acid or the destructivedistillation of oxalic acid. It is the first member
of the fattyacids in the paraffin series, and is homologous with acetic acid.
FORMICA,A Linnæan genus of hymenopterous insects, including the commonants. See
Ant.
FORMICAROID,Like or pertaining to the family Formicaridæ or ant thrushes.
FORMICARY,The nest or dwelling of a swarm of ants; an ant-hill.
FORMICATE,Resembling, or pertaining to, an ant or ants.
FORMICATION,A sensation resembling that made by the creeping of ants on theskin.
Dunglison.
FORMICID,Pertaining to the ants.-- n.
FORMIDABILITY,Formidableness. Walpole.
FORMIDABLE,Exciting fear or apprehension; impressing dread; adapted toexcite fear
and deter from approach, encounter, or undertaking;alarming.They seemed to fear the
formodable sight. Dryden.I swell my preface into a volume, and make it formidable,
when yousee so many pages behind. Drydn.
FORMIDABLENESS,The quality of being formidable, or adapted to excite dread.Boyle.
FORMIDABLY,In a formidable manner.
FORMIDOLOSE,Very much afraid. [Obs.] Bailey.
FORMING,The act or process of giving form or shape to anything; as, inshipbuilding,
the exact shaping of partially shaped timbers.
FORMLESS,Shapeless; without a determinate form; wanting regularity ofshape.--
Form"less*ly, adv.-- Form"less*ness, n.
FORMULA,A written confession of faith; a formal statement of foctrines.
FORMULARISTIC,Pertaining to, or exhibiting, formularization. Emerson.
FORMULARIZATION,The act of formularizing; a formularized or formulatedstatement or
exhibition. C. Kingsley.
FORMULARIZE,To reduce to a forula; to formulate.
FORMULARY,Stated; prescribed; ritual.
FORMULATE,To reduce to, or express in, a formula; to put in a clear anddefinite
form of statement or expression. G. P. Marsh.
FORMULATION,The act, process, or result of formulating or reducing to aformula.
FORMULE,A set or prescribed model; a formula. [Obs.] Johnson.
FORMULIZATION,The act or process of reducing to a formula; the state of
beingformulized.
FORMULIZE,To reduce to a formula; to formulate. Emerson.
FORNCAST,Predestined. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORNICAL,Relating to a fornix.
FORNICATE,To commit fornication; to have unlawful sexual intercourse.
FORNICATOR,An unmarried person, male or female, who has criminalintercourse with
the other sex; one guilty of fornication.
FORNICATRESS,A woman guilty of fornication. Shak.
FOROLD,Very old. [Obs.]A bear's skin, coal-black, forold. Chaucer.
FORPASS,To pass by or along; to pass over. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORPINE,To waste away completely by suffering or torment. [Archaic]"Pale as a
forpined ghost." Chaucer.
FORRAY,To foray; to ravage; to pillage.For they that morn had forrayed all the
land. Fairfax.
FORRILL,Lambskin parchment; vellum; forel. McElrath.
FORSAKER,One who forsakes or deserts.
FORSAY,To forbid; to renounce; to forsake; to deny. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORSHAPE,To render misshapen. [Obs.] Gower.
FORSLACK,To neglect by idleness; to delay or to waste by sloth. [Obs.]Spenser.
FORSLOUTHE,To lose by sloth or negligence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORSLOW,To delay; to hinder; to neglect; to put off. [Obs.] Bacon.
FORSLUGGE,To lsoe by idleness or slotch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORSOOTH,In truth; in fact; certainly; very well; -- formerly used as anexpression
of deference or respect, especially to woman; now usedironically or
contemptuously.A fit man, forsooth, to govern a realm! Hayward.Our old English word
forsooth has been changed for the French madam.Guardian.
FORSPENT,Wasted in strength; tired; exhausted. [Archaic]A gentleman almost forspent
with speed. Shak.
FORSTALL,To forestall. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORSTER,A forester. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORSTRAUGHT,Distracted. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORSWAT,Spent with heat; covered with sweat. [Obs.] P. Sidney.
FORSWEAR,To swear falsely; to commit perjury. Shak.
FORSWEARER,One who rejects of renounces upon oath; one who swears a falseoath.
FORSWONK,Overlabored; exhausted; worn out. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORSWORE,imp. of Forswear.
FORSWORN,p. p. of Forswear.
FORSWORNNESS,State of being forsworn. [R.]
FORSYTHIA,A shrub of the Olive family, with yellow blossoms.
FORT,A strong or fortified place; usually, a small fortified place,occupied only by
troops, surrounded with a ditch, rampart, andparapet, or with palisades, stockades,
or other means of defense; afortification.Detached works, depending solely on their
own strength, belong to theclass of works termed forts. Farrow.
FORTALICE,A small outwork of a fortification; a fortilage; -- called alsofortelace.
FORTE,Loudly; strongly; powerfully.
FORTED,Furnished with, or guarded by, forts; strengthened or defended,as by forts.
[R.] Shak.
FORTH,Forth from; out of. [Archaic]Some forth their cabins peep. Donne.
FORTHBY,See Forby.
FORTHCOMING,Ready or about to appear; making appearance.
FORTHGOING,A going forth; an utterance. A. Chalmers.
FORTHINK,To repent; to regret; to be sorry for; to cause regret. [Obs.]"Let it
forthink you." Tyndale.That me forthinketh, quod this January. Chaucer.
FORTHPUTING,Bold; forward; aggressive.
FORTHRIGHT,Straight forward; in a straight direction. [Archaic] Sir P.Sidney.
FORTHRIGHTNESS,Straightforwardness; explicitness; directness. [Archaic]Dante's
concise forthrightness of phrase. Hawthorne.
FORTHWARD,Forward. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.
FORTHWITH,As soon as the thing required may be done by reasonableexertion confined
to that object. Bouvier.
FORTHY,Therefore. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORTIES,See Forty.
FORTIETH,One of forty equal parts into which one whole is divided; thequotient of a
unit divided by forty; one next in order after thethirty-ninth.
FORTIFIABLE,Capable of being fortified. Johnson.
FORTIFIER,One who, or that which, fortifies, strengthens, supports, orupholds.
FORTIFY,To raise defensive works. Milton.
FORTILAGE,A little fort; a blockhouse. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORTIN,A little fort; a fortlet. [Obs.]
FORTISSIMO,Very loud; with the utmost strength or loudness.
FORTITION,Casual choice; fortuitous selection; hazard. [R.]No mode of election
operating in the spirit of fortition or rotationcan be generally good. Burke.
FORTITUDINOUS,Having fortitude; courageous. [R.] Gibbon.
FORTLET,A little fort. [R.] Bailey.
FORTNIGHT,The space of fourteen days; two weeks.
FORTNIGHTLY,Occurring or appearing once in a fortnight; as, a fortnightlymeeting of
a club; a fortnightly magazine, or other publication.-- adv.
FORTREAD,To tread down; to trample upon. [Obs.]In hell shall they be all fortroden
of devils. Chaucer.
FORTRESS,A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification,sometimes including
a town; a fort; a castle; a stronghold; a placeof defense or security.
FORTUITOUS,Happening independently of human will or means of foresight;resulting
from unavoidable physical causes. Abbott.
FORTUITY,Accident; chance; casualty. D. Forbes (1750).
FORTUNATELY,In a fortunate manner; luckily; successfully; happily.
FORTUNATENESS,The condition or quality of being fortunate; good luck;success;
happiness.
FORTUNE,To fall out; to happen.It fortuned the same night that a Christian, serving
a Turk in thecamp, secretely gave the watchmen warning. Knolles.
FORTUNELESS,Luckless; also, destitute of a fortune or portion. Spenser.
FORTUNIZE,To regulate the fortune of; to make happy. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORTY,Four times ten; thirtynine and one more.
FORTY-NINER,One of those who went to California in the rush for gold in1849; an
argonaut. [Colloq., U. S.]
FORTY-SPOT,The Tasmanian forty-spotted diamond bird (Pardalotusquadragintus).
FORWAKED,Tired out with excessive waking or watching. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORWANDER,To wander away; to go astray; to wander far and to weariness.[Obs.]
FORWARD,An agreement; a covenant; a promise. [Obs.]Tell us a tale anon, as forward
is. Chaucer.
FORWARDER,One employed in forwarding.
FORWARDING,The process of putting a book into its cover, and making itready for the
finisher.
FORWARDLY,Eagerly; hastily; obtrusively.
FORWARDNESS,The quality of being forward; cheerful readiness; promtness;as, the
forwardness of Christians in propagating the gospel.
FORWARDS,Same as Forward.
FORWASTE,To desolate or lay waste utterly. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORWEARY,To weary extremely; to dispirit. [Obs.] Spenser.
FORWEEP,To weep much. [Obs.]
FORWETE,See Forewite. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORWHY,Wherefore; because. [Obs.]
FORWORN,Much worn. [Obs.]A silly man, in simple weeds forworn. Spenser.
FORWOT,pres. indic. 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forwete. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORWRAP,To wrap up; to conceal. [Obs.]All mote be said and nought excused, nor hid,
nor forwrapped.Chaucer.
FORYELDE,To repay; to requite. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORYETE,To forget. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FORYETTEN,p. p. of Foryete. Chaucer.
FORZANDO,See Sforzato.
FOSSA,A pit, groove, cavity, or depression, of greater or less depth;as, the
temporal fossa on the side of the skull; the nasal fossæcontaining the nostrils in
most birds.
FOSSANE,A species of civet (Viverra fossa) resembling the genet.
FOSSE,A ditch or moat.
FOSSET,A faucet. [Obs.] Shak.
FOSSETTE,A small, deep-centered ulcer of the transparent cornea.
FOSSEWAY,One of the great military roads constructed by the Romans inEngland and
other parts of Europe; -- so called from the fosse orditch on each side for keeping
it dry.
FOSSICK,To search for gold by picking at stone or earth or among rootsin isolated
spots, picking over abandoned workings, etc.; hence, tosteal gold or auriferous
matter from another's claim. [Australia]
FOSSIL,Like or pertaining to fossils; contained in rocks. whetherpetrified or not;
as, fossil plants, shells. Fossil copal, a resinoussubstance, first found in the
blue clay at Highgate, near London, andapparently a vegetable resin, partly changed
by remaining in theearth.-- Fossil cork, flax, paper, or wood, varieties of
amianthus.-- Fossil farina, a soft carbonate of lime.-- Fossil ore, fossiliferous
red hematite. Raymond.
FOSSILIFEROUS,Containing or composed of fossils.
FOSSILIFICATION,The process of becoming fossil.
FOSSILIST,One who is versed in the science of fossils; a paleontologist.Joseph
Black.
FOSSILIZATION,The process of converting, or of being converted, into afossil.
FOSSILIZED,Converted into a fossil; antiquated; firmly fixed in views oropinions.A
fossilized sample of confused provincialism. Earle.
FOSSORES,A group of hymenopterous insects including the sand wasps. Theyexcavate
cells in earth, where they deposit their eggs, with thebodies of other insects for
the food of the young when hatched.[Written also Fossoria.]
FOSSORIA,See Fossores.
FOSSORIAL,Fitted for digging, adapted for burrowing or digging; as, afossorial
foot; a fossorial animal.
FOSSORIOUS,Adapted for digging; -- said of the legs of certain insects.
FOSSULATE,Having, or surrounded by, long, narrow depressions or furrows.
FOSTER,To be nourished or trained up together. [Obs.] Spenser.
FOSTERAGE,The care of a foster child; the charge of nursing. Sir W.Raleigh.
FOSTERER,One who, or that which, fosters.
FOSTERLING,A foster child.
FOSTERMENT,Food; nourishment. [Obs.]
FOSTRESS,A woman who feeds and cherishes; a nurse. B. Jonson.
FOTHER,To stop (a leak in a ship at sea) by drawing under its bottom athrummed
sail, so that the pressure of the water may force it intothe crack. Totten.
FOTIVE,Nourishing. [Obs.] T. Carew (1633).
FOTMAL,Seventy pounds of lead.
FOUCAULT CURRENT,An eddy current.
FOUGHT,imp. & p. p. of Fight.
FOUGHTEN,p. p. of Fight. [Archaic]
FOUL,A bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOUL-MOUTHED,Using language scurrilous, opprobrious, obscene, or profane;abusive.So
foul-mouthed a witness never appeared in any cause. Addison.
FOUL-SPOKEN,Using profane, scurrilous, slanderous, or obscene language.Shak.
FOULARD,A thin, washable material of silk, or silk and cotton,originally imported
from India, but now also made elsewhere.
FOULDER,To flash, as lightning; to lighten; to gleam; to thunder.[Obs.] "Flames of
fouldering heat." Spenser.
FOULE,Foully. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOULLY,In a foul manner; filthily; nastily; shamefully; unfairly;dishonorably.I
foully wronged him; do forgive me, do. Gay.
FOULNESS,The quality or condition of being foul.
FOUMART,The European polecat; -- called also European ferret, andfitchew. See
Polecat. [Written also foulmart, foulimart, andfulimart.]
FOUND,imp. & p. p. of Find.
FOUNDATION,The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall, includingthe base
course (see Base course (a), under Base, n.) and footingcourses; in a frame house,
the whole substructure of masonry.
FOUNDATIONER,One who derives support from the funds or foundation of acollege or
school. [Eng.]
FOUNDATIONLESS,Having no foundation.
FOUNDER,One who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays afoundation; an
author; one from whom anything originates; one whoendows.
FOUNDEROUS,Difficult to travel; likely to trip one up; as, a founderousroad. [R.]
Burke.
FOUNDERSHAFT,The first shaft sunk. Raymond.
FOUNDERY,Same as Foundry.
FOUNDING,The art of smelting and casting metals.
FOUNDLING,A deserted or exposed infant; a child found without a parent orowner.
Foundling hospital, a hospital for foundlings.
FOUNDRESS,A female founder; a woman who founds or establishes, or whoendows with a
fund.
FOUNT,A font.
FOUNTAINLESS,Having no fountain; destitute of springs or sources of water.Barren
desert, fountainless and dry. Milton.
FOUNTFUL,Full of fountains. Pope.
FOUR,One more than three; twice two.
FOUR-CORNERED,Having four corners or angles.
FOUR-CYCLE,A four-stroke cycle, as the Otto cycle, for an internal-combustion
engine. -- Four"-cy`cle, a.
FOUR-IN-HAND,Consisting of four horses controlled by one person; as, a four-in-hand
team; drawn by four horses driven by one person; as, a four-in-hand coach.-- n.
FOUR-POSTER,A large bedstead with tall posts at the corners to supportcurtains.
[Colloq.]
FOUR-WAY,Allowing passage in either of four directions; as, a four-waycock, or
valve. Francis. Four-way cock, a cock connected with fourpipes or ports, and having
two or more passages in the plug, by whichthe adjacent pipes or ports may be made
to communicate; formerly usedas a valve in the steam engine, and now for various
other purposes.In the illustration, a leads to the upper end of a steam
enginecylinder, and b to the lower end; c is the steam pipe, and d theexhaust pipe.
FOUR-WHEELED,Having four wheels.
FOUR-WHEELER,A vehicle having four wheels. [Colloq.]
FOURCHE,Having the ends forked or branched, and the ends of thebranches terminating
abruptly as if cut off; -- said of an ordinary,especially of a cross.
FOURCHETTE,An instrument used to raise and support the tongue during thecutting of
the frænum.
FOURDRINIER,A machine used in making paper; -- so named from an earlyinventor of
improvements in this class of machinery.
FOURFOLD,Four times; quadruple; as, a fourfold division.He snall restore the lamb
fourfold. 2 Sam. xii. 6.
FOURFOOTED,Having four feet; quadruped; as, fourfooted beasts.
FOURIERISM,The coöperative socialistic system of Charles Fourier, aFrenchman, who
recommended the reorganization of society into smallcommunities, living in common.
FOURLING,A compound or twin crystal consisting of four individuals.
FOURNEAU,The chamber of a mine in which the powder is placed.
FOURRIER,A harbinger. [Obs.]
FOURSCORE,Four times twenty; eighty.
FOURSOME,Consisting of four; requiring four participants. [Scot. orGolf]
FOURSQUARE,Having four sides and four equal angles. Sir W. Raleigh.
FOURTEEN,Four and ten more; twice seven.
FOURTEENTH,The octave of the seventh.
FOURTH,The interval of two tones and a semitone, embracing fourdiatonic degrees of
the scale; the subdominant of any key. TheFourth, specifically, un the United
States, the fourth day of July,the anniversary of the declaration of American
independence; as, tocelebrate the Fourth.
FOURTHLY,In the fourth place.
FOUSSA,A viverrine animal of Madagascar (Cryptoprocta ferox). Itresembles a cat in
size and form, and has retractile claws.
FOUTER,A despicable fellow. [Prov. Eng.] Brockett.
FOUTRA,A fig; -- a word of contempt. [Obs.]A foutra for the world and wordlings
base! Shak.
FOUTY,Despicable. [Obs.]
FOVEA,A slight depression or pit; a fossa.
FOVEATE,Having pits or depressions; pitted.
FOVEOLA,A small depression or pit; a fovea.
FOVEOLATE,Having small pits or depression, as the receptacle in somecomposite
flowers.
FOVEOLATED,Foveolate.
FOVILLA,One of the fine granules contained in the protoplasm of apollen grain.
FOWL,To catch or kill wild fowl, for game or food, as by shooting,or by decoys,
nets, etc.Such persons as may lawfully hunt, fish, or fowl. Blackstone.Fowling
piece, a light gun with smooth bore, adapted for the use ofsmall shot in killing
birds or small quadrupeds.
FOWLER,A sportsman who pursues wild fowl, or takes or kills for food.
FOWLERITE,A variety of rhodonite, from Franklin Furnace, New Jersey,containing some
zinc.
FOX,A carnivorous animal of the genus Vulpes, family Canidæ, ofmany species. The
European fox (V. vulgaris or V. vulpes), theAmerican red fox (V. fulvus), the
American gray fox (V. Virginianus),and the arctic, white, or blue, fox (V. lagopus)
are well-knownspecies.
FOX-HUNTING,Pertaining to or engaged in the hunting of foxes; fond ofhunting foxes.
FOXEARTH,A hole in the earth to which a fox resorts to hide himself.
FOXERY,Behavior like that of a fox; [Obs.] Chaucer.
FOXES,See Fox, n., 7.
FOXGLOVE,Any plant of the genus Digitalis. The common English foxglove(Digitalis
purpurea) is a handsome perennial or biennial plant, whoseleaves are used as a
powerful medicine, both as a sedative anddiuretic. See Digitalis.Pan through the
pastures oftentimes hath run To pluck the speckledfoxgloves from their stem. W.
Browne.
FOXHOUND,One of a special breed of hounds used for chasing foxes.
FOXISH,Foxlike. [Obs.]
FOXLIKE,Resembling a fox in his characteristic qualities; cunning;artful; foxy.
FOXLY,Foxlike. [Obs.] "Foxly craft." Latimer.
FOXSHIP,Foxiness; craftiness. [R.] Shak.
FOXTAIL,The name of several kinds of grass having a soft dense head offlowers,
mostly the species of Alopecurus and Setaria.
FOYSON,See Foison.
FOZINESS,The state of being fozy; spiritlessness; dullness. [Scot.][The Whigs']
foziness can no longer be concealed. Blackwood's.
FOZY,Spongy; soft; fat and puffy. [Scot.]
FRA,Fro. [Old Eng. & Scot.]
FRAB,To scold; to nag. [Prov. Eng.]
FRABBIT,Crabbed; peevish. [Prov. Eng.]
FRACAS,An uproar; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.
FRACHO,A shallow iron pan to hold glass ware while being annealed.
FRACID,Rotten from being too ripe; overripe. [Obs.] Blount.
FRACT,To break; to violate. [Obs.] Shak.
FRACTED,Having a part displaced, as if broken; -- said of an ordinary.Macaulay.
FRACTION,One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; anexpression for a
definite portion of a unit or magnitude. Common, orVulgar, fraction, a fraction in
which the number of equal parts intowhich the integer is supposed to be divided is
indicated by figuresor letters, called the denominator, written below a line, over
whichis the numerator, indicating the number of these parts included inthe
fraction; as -- Complex fraction, a fraction having a fraction ormixed number in
the numerator or denominator, or in both. Davies &Peck.-- Compound fraction, a
fraction of a fraction; two or morefractions connected by of.-- Continued fraction,
Decimal fraction, Partial fraction, etc. Seeunder Continued, Decimal, Partial,
etc.-- Improper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is greaterthan the
denominator.-- Proper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is less thanthe
denominator.
FRACTIONALLY,By fractions or separate portions; as, to distill a
liquidfractionally, that is, so as to separate different portions.
FRACTIONARY,Fractional. [Obs.]
FRACTIONATE,To separate into different portions or fractions, as in thedistillation
of liquids.
FRACTIOUS,Apt to break out into a passion; apt to scold; cross; snappish;ugly;
unruly; as, a fractious man; a fractious horse.
FRACTURAL,Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture. [R.]
FRACTURE,The breaking of a bone.
FRAENULUM,A frænum.
FRAGILE,Easily broken; brittle; frail; delicate; easily destroyed.The state of ivy
is tough, and not fragile. Bacon.
FRAGMENT,A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfectpart; as, a
fragment of an ancient writing.Gather up the fragments that remain. John vi. 12.
FRAGMENTAL,Consisting of the pulverized or fragmentary material of rock,as
conglomerate, shale, etc.
FRAGMENTARILY,In a fragmentary manner; piecemeal.
FRAGMENTARINESS,The quality or property of being in fragnebts, or brokenpieces,
incompleteness; want of continuity. G. Eliot.
FRAGMENTARY,Composed of the fragments of other rocks.
FRAGMENTED,Broken into fragments.
FRAGMENTIST,A writer of fragments; as, the fragmentist of Wolfenbüttel.[R.]
FRAGOR,A strong or sweet scent. [Obs. & Illegitimate.] Sir T. Herbert.
FRAGRANT,[fragrans. -antis, p.pr. of fragrare to emit a smell offragrance: cf. OF.
fragrant. Affecting the olfactory nervesagreeably; sweet of smell; odorous; having
or emitting an agreeableperfume.Fragrant the fertile earth After soft showers.
Milton.
FRAIGHT,Same as Fraught. [Obs.] Spenser.
FRAIL,A basket made of rushes, used chiefly for containing figs andraisins.
FRAILLY,Weakly; infirmly.
FRAILNESS,Frailty.
FRAISCHEUR,Freshness; coolness. [R.] Dryden.
FRAISE,A large and thick pancake, with slices of bacon in it. [Obs.]Johnson.
FRAISED,Fortified with a fraise.
FRAKEN,A freckle. [Obs.]A few fraknes in his face. Chaucer.
FRAMABLE,Capable of being framed.
FRAMBAESIA,The yaws. See Yaws.
FRAME,To construct by fitting and uniting the several parts of theskeleton of any
structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put togetherby cutting parts of one member
to fit parts of another. See Dovetail,Halve, v. t., Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk,
Scarf, and Splice.
FRAME-UP,A conspiracy or plot, esp. for a malicious or evil purpose, asto
incriminate a person on false evidence. [Slang]
FRAMER,One who frames; as, the framer of a building; the framers ofthe
Constitution.
FRAMING,A framework, or a sy Framing chisel (Carp.), a heavy chiselwith a socket
shank for making mortises.
FRANC,A silver coin of France, and since 1795 the unit of the Frenchmonetary
system. It has been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It isequivalent to about
nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into100 centimes.
FRANC-TIREUR,A French partisan soldier, or one belonging to a corps ofdetached
light troops engaged in forays, skirmishes, scouting, etc.
FRANCHISE,A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or
agovernment, and vested in individuals; an imunity or exemption fromordinary
jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right orprivilege, esp. the right to
vote.Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, isthe one
crowning franchise of the American people. W. H. Seward.
FRANCHISEMENT,Release; deliverance; freedom. Spenser.
FRANCIC,Pertaining to the Franks, or their language; Frankish.
FRANCISCAN,Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the Franciscans.Franciscan
Brothers, pious laymen who devote themselves to usefulworks, such as manual labor
schools, and other educationalinstitutions; -- called also Brothers of the Third
Order of St.Francis.-- Franciscan Nuns, nuns who follow the rule of t. Francis,
esp.those of the Second Order of St. Francis, -- called also Poor Claresor
Minoresses.-- Franciscan Tertiaries, the Third Order of St. Francis.
FRANCOLIN,A spurred partidge of the genus Francolinus and allied genera,of Asia and
Africa. The common species (F. vulgaris) was formerlycommon in southern Europe, but
is now nearly restricted to Asia.
FRANCOLITE,A variety of apatite from Wheal Franco in Devonshire.
FRANGENT,Causing fracture; breaking. [R.] H. Walpole.
FRANGIBILITY,The state or quality of being frangible. Fox.
FRANGIBLE,Capable of being broken; brittle; fragile; easily broken.
FRANGIPANE,A perfume derived from, or imitating the odor of, the flower ofthe red
jasmine, a West Indian tree of the genus Plumeria.
FRANGULIN,A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside,extracted from a
species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn; --called also rhamnoxanthin.
FRANION,A paramour; a loose woman; also, a gay, idle fellow. [Obs.]Spenser.
FRANK,A pigsty. [Obs.]
FRANK-CHASE,The liberty or franchise of having a chase; free chase.Burrill.
FRANK-FEE,A species of tenure in fee simple, being the opposite ofancient demesne,
or copyhold. Burrill.
FRANK-LAW,The liberty of being sworn in courts, as a juror or witness;one of the
ancient privileges of a freeman; free and common law; --an obsolete expression
signifying substantially the same as theAmerican expression civil rights. Abbot.
FRANK-MARRIAGE,A certain tenure in tail special; an estate of inheritancegiven to a
man his wife (the wife being of the blood of the donor),and descendible to the
heirs of their two bodies begotten. [Obs.]Blackstone.
FRANKALMOIGNE,A tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given tothem
and their successors forever, usually on condition of prayingfor the soul of the
donor and his heirs; -- called also tenure byfree alms. Burrill.
FRANKFORT BLACK,. A black pigment used in copperplate printing, prepared byburning
vine twigs, the lees of wine, etc. McElrath.
FRANKINCENSE,A fragrant, aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incensein
religious rites or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds nowcome from East
Indian trees, of the genus Boswellia; a commoner sort,from the Norway spruce (Abies
excelsa) and other coniferous trees.The frankincense of the ancient Jews is still
unidentified.
FRANKING,A method of forming a joint at the intersection of window-sashbars, by
cutting away only enough wood to show a miter.
FRANKISH,Like, or pertaining to, the Franks.
FRANKLIN STOVE,. A kind of open stove introduced by Benjamin Franklin, thepeculiar
feature of which was that a current of heated air wasdirectly supplied to the room
from an air box; -- now applied toother varieties of open stoves.
FRANKLIN,An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.]Chaucer.The
franklin, a small landholder of those days. Sir J. Stephen.
FRANKLINIC,Of or pertaining to Benjamin Franklin. Franklinic
electricity,electricity produced by friction; called also statical electricity.
FRANKLINITE,A kind of mineral of the spinel group.
FRANKLY,In a frank manner; freely.Very frankly he confessed his treasons. Shak.
FRANKNESS,The quality of being frank; candor; openess; ingenuousness;fairness;
liberality.
FRANTIC,Mad; raving; furious; violent; wild and disorderly; distracted.Die, frantic
wretch, for this accursed deed! Shak.Torrents of frantic abuse. Macaulay.--
Fran"tic*al*ly, adv.-- Fran"tic*ly, adv. Shak.-- Fran"tic*ness, n. Johnson.
FRAP,To draw together; to bind with a view to secure and strengthen,as a vessel by
passing cables around it; to tighten; as a tackle bydrawing the lines together.
Tottem.
FRAPE,A crowd, a rabble. [Obs.] ares.
FRAPLER,A blusterer; a rowdy. [Obs.]Unpolished, a frapler, and base. B. Jonson.
FRAPPE,Iced; frozen; artificially cooled; as, wine frappé. -- n.
FRAPPING,A lashing binding a thing tightly or binding things together.
FRATER,A monk; also, a frater house. [R.] Shipley. Frater house, anapartament in a
convent used as an eating room; a refectory; --called also a fratery.
FRATERNAL,Pf, pertaining to, or involving, brethren; becoming tobrothers;
brotherly; as, fraternal affection; a fraternal embrace.-- Fra*ter"nal*ly, adv.An
abhorred, a cursed, a fraternal war. Milton.Fraternal love and friendship. Addison.
FRATERNATE,To fraternize; to hold fellowship. Jefferson.
FRATERNIZATION,The act of fraternizing or uniting as brothers.I hope that no French
fraternization . . . could so change the heartsof Englishmen. Burke.
FRATERNIZE,To associate or hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of likeoccupation
or character; to have brotherly feelings.
FRATERNIZER,One who fraternizes. Burke.
FRATERY,A frater house. See under Frater.
FRATRAGE,A sharing among brothers, or brothers' kin. [Obs.] Crabb.
FRATRICIDAL,Of or pertaining to fratricide; of the nature of fratricide.
FRATRICIDE,One who murders or kills his own brother.
FRAU,In Germany, a woman; a married woman; a wife; -- as a title,equivalent to
Mrs., Madam.
FRAUD,An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of obtainingsome valuable
thing or promise from another.
FRAUDFUL,Full of fraud, deceit, or treachery; trickish; treacherous;fraudulent; --
applied to persons or things. I. Taylor.-- Fraud"ful*ly, adv.
FRAUDLESS,Free from fraud.-- Fraud"less*ly, adv.-- Fraud"less*ness, n.
FRAUDULENTLY,In a fraudulent manner.
FRAUGHT,A freight; a cargo. [Obs.] Shak.
FRAUGHTAGE,Freight; loading; cargo. [Obs.] Shak.
FRAUGHTING,Constituting the freight or cargo. [Obs.] "The fraughting soulswithin
her." Shak.
FRAULEIN,In Germany, a young lady; an unmarried woman; -- as a title,equivalent to
Miss.
FRAUNHOFER LINES,The lines of the spectrun; especially and properly, the darklines
of the solar spectrum, so called because first accuratelyobserved and interpreted
by Fraunhofer, a German physicist.
FRAXIN,A colorless crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, andfound in the
bark of the ash (Fraxinus) and along with esculin in thebark of the horse-chestnut.
It shows a delicate fluorescence inalkaline solutions; -- called also paviin.
FRAXINUS,A genus of deciduous forest trees, found in the north temperatezone, and
including the true ash trees.
FRAY,Affray; broil; contest; combat.Who began this bloody fray Shak.
FRAYING,The skin which a deer frays from his horns. B. Jonson.
FRAZZLE,To fray; to wear or pull into tatters or tag ends; to tatter; --used
literally and figuratively. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.]
FREAK,To variegate; to checker; to streak. [R.]Freaked with many a mingled hue.
Thomson.
FREAKING,Freakish. [Obs.] Pepys.
FREAKISH,Apt to change the mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.It may be a
question whether the wife or the woman was the morefreakish of the two.
L'Estrange.Freakish when well, and fretful when she's sick. Pope.-- Freak"ish*ly,
adv.-- Freak"ish*ness, n.
FRECK,To checker; to diversify. [R. & Poet.]The painted windows, frecking gloom
with glow. Lowell.
FRECKLE,To spinkle or mark with freckle or small discolored spots; tospot.
FRECKLED,Marked with freckles; spotted. "The freckled trout." Dryden.The freckled
cowslip, burnet, and green clover. Shak.
FRECKLEDNESS,The state of being freckled.
FRECKLY,Full of or marked with freckles; sprinkled with spots;freckled.
FRED,Peace; -- a word used in composition, especially in propernames; as, Alfred;
Frederic.
FREDSTOLE,See Fridstol. Fuller.
FREE COINAGE,In the fullest sense, the conversion of bullion (of anyspecified
metal) into legal-tender coins for any person who choosesto bring it to the mint;
in a modified sense, such coinage when doneat a fixed charge proportionate to the
cost of the operation.
FREE SILVER,The free coinage of silver; often, specif., the free coinage ofsilver
at a fixed ratio with gold, as at the ratio of 16 to 1, whichratio for some time
represented nearly or exactly the ratio of themarket values of gold and silver
respectively.
FREE,Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service;free socage.
Burrill.
FREE-DENIZEN,To make free. [R.]
FREE-HAND,Done by the hand, without support, or the guidance ofinstruments; as,
free-hand drawing. See under Drawing.
FREE-HANDED,Open-handed; liberal.
FREE-HEARTED,Open; frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as, free-heartedmirth.--
Free"-heart`ed*ly, adv.-- Free"-heart`ed*ness, n.
FREE-LIVER,One who gratifies his appetites without stint; one given toindulgence in
eating and drinking.
FREE-LIVING,Unrestrained indulgence of the appetites.
FREE-LOVE,The doctrine or practice of consorting with the opposite sex,at pleasure,
without marriage.
FREE-LOVER,One who believes in or practices free-love.
FREE-MARTIN,An imperfect female calf, twinborn with a male.
FREE-MILLING,Yielding free gold or silver; -- said of certain ores which canbe
reduced by crushing and amalgamation, without roasting or otherchemical treatment.
Raymond.
FREE-MINDED,Not perplexed; having a mind free from care. Bacon.
FREE-SOIL,Pertaining to, or advocating, the non-extension of slavery; --esp.
applied to a party which was active during the period 1846-1856.[U.S.] --
Free"soil`er, n. [U.S.] -- Free"-soil`ism, n. [U.S.]
FREE-SPOKEN,Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon.-- Free"-spo`ken-ness, n.
FREE-SWIMMING,Swimming in the open sea; -- said of certain marine animals.
FREE-TONGUED,Speaking without reserve. Bp. Hall.
FREEBOOTER,One who plunders or pillages without the authority of nationalwarfare; a
member of a predatory band; a pillager; a buccaneer; a searobber. Bacon.
FREEBOOTERY,The act, practice, or gains of a freebooter; freebooting.Booth.
FREEBOOTING,Robbery; plunder; a pillaging.
FREEBOOTY,Freebootery. [Obs.]
FREEBORN,Born free; not born in vasssalage; inheriting freedom.
FREEDMAN,A man who has been a slave, and has been set free.
FREEDSTOOL,See Fridstol.
FREEHOLD,An estate in real property, of inheritance (in fee simple orfee tail) or
for life; or the tenure by which such estate is held.Kent. Burrill. To abate into a
freehold. See under Abate.
FREEHOLDER,The possessor of a freehold.
FREELTE,Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FREELY,In a free manner; without restraint or compulsion;
abundantly;gratuitously.Of every tree of the garden thou mayst freely eat. Gen. ii.
16.Freely ye have received, freely give. Matt. x. 8.Freely they stood who stood,
and fell who fell. Milton.Freely we serve Because we freely love. Milton.
FREEMASON,One of an ancient and secret association or fraternity, said tohave been
at first composed of masons or builders in stone, but nowconsisting of persons who
are united for social enjoyment and mutualassistance.
FREEMASONIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, the institutions or the practicesof
freemasons; as, a freemasonic signal.
FREEMASONRY,The institutions or the practices of freemasons.
FREENESS,The state or quality of being free; freedom; liberty; openness;liberality;
gratuitousness.
FREER,One who frees, or sets free.
FREESTONE,A stone composed of sand or grit; -- so called because it iseasily cut or
wrought.
FREETHINKER,One who speculates or forms opinions independently of theauthority of
others; esp., in the sphere or religion, one who formsopinions independently of the
authority of revelation or of thechurch; an unbeliever; -- a term assumed by deists
and skeptics inthe eighteenth century.Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I'm a
freethinker, child. Addison.
FREETHINKING,Undue boldness of speculation; unbelief. Berkeley.-- a.
FREEWHEEL,A clutch fitted in the rear hub of a cycle, which engages therear
sprocket with the rear wheel when the pedals are rotatedforwards, but permits the
rear wheel to run on free from the rearsprocket when the pedals are stopped or
rotated backwards.Freewheelcycles are usually fitted with hub brakes or rim
brakes,operated by back pedaling.
FREEWILL,Of or pertaining to free will; voluntary; spontaneous; as, afreewill
offering. Frewill Baptists. See under Baptist.
FREEZABLE,Capable of being frozen.
FREEZE,A frieze. [Obs.]
FREEZER,One who, or that which, cools or freezes, as a refrigerator, orthe tub and
can used in the process of freezing ice cream.
FREEZING,Tending to freeze; for freezing; hence, cold or distant inmanner.--
Frrez"ing*ly, adv. Freezing machine. See Ice machine, under Ice.-- Freezing
mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of chemicalsalts) for producing intense
cold.-- Freezing point, that degree of a thermometer at which a fluidbegins to
freeze; -- applied particularly to water, whose freezingpoint is at 32º Fahr., and
at 0º Centigrade.
FREIESLEBENITE,A sulphide of antimony, lead, and silver, occuring inmonoclinic
crystals.
FREIGHT,Employed in the transportation of freight; having to do withfreight; as, a
freight car. Freight agent, a person employed by atransportation company to
receive, forward, or deliver goods.-- Freight car. See under Car.-- Freight train,
a railroad train made up of freight cars; --called in England goods train.
FREIGHTLESS,Destitute of freight.
FREIHERR,In Germany and Austria, a baron.
FRELTE,Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FREMESCENT,Becoming murmurous, roaring. "Fremescent clangor." Carlyle.
--Fre*mes"cence (#), n.
FREMITUS,Palpable vibration or thrill; as, the rhonchial fremitus.
FREN,A stranger. [Obs.] Spenser.
FRENCH,Of or pertaining to France or its inhabitants. French bean(Bot.), the common
kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).-- French berry (Bot.), the berry of a species of
buckthorn (Rhamnuscatharticus), which affords a saffron, green or purple pigment.--
French casement (Arch.) See French window, under Window.-- French chalk (Min.), a
variety of granular talc; -- used fordrawing lines on cloth, etc. See under
Chalk.-- French cowslip (Bot.) The Primula Auricula. See Bear's-ear.-- French fake
(Naut.), a mode of coiling a rope by running itbackward and forward in parallel
bends, so that it may run freely.-- French honeysuckle (Bot.) a plant of the genus
Hedysarum (H.coronarium); -- called also garland honeysuckle.-- French horn, a
metallic wind instrument, consisting of a longtube twisted into circular folds and
gradually expanding from themouthpiece to the end at which the sound issues; --
called in Francecor de chasse.-- French leave, an informal, hasty, or secret
departure; esp., theleaving a place without paying one's debts.-- French pie Etym:
[French (here used in sense of "foreign") + piea magpie (in allusion to its black
and white color)] (Zoöl.), theEuropean great spotted woodpecker (Dryobstes major);
-- called alsowood pie.-- French polish. (a) A preparation for the surface of
woodwork,consisting of gums dissolved in alcohol, either shellac alone, orshellac
with other gums added. (b) The glossy surface produced by theapplication of the
above.-- French purple, a dyestuff obtained from lichens and used forcoloring
woolen and silken fabrics, without the aid of mordants. Ure.-- French red rouge.--
French rice, amelcorn.-- French roof (Arch.), a modified form of mansard roof
having anearly flat deck for the upper slope.-- French tub, a dyer's mixture of
protochloride of tin and logwood;-- called also plum tub. Ure.-- French window. See
under Window.
FRENCHIFY,To make French; to infect or imbue with the manners or tastesof the
French; to Gallicize. Burke.
FRENCHISM,A French mode or characteristic; an idiom peculiar to theFrench language.
Earle.
FRENCHMAN,A native or one of the people of France.
FRENETIC,Distracted; mad; frantic; phrenetic. Milton.
FRENETICAL,Frenetic; frantic; frenzied.-- Frenet"ic*al*ly, adv.
FRENUM,A cheek stripe of color.
FRENZICAL,Frantic. [Obs.] Orrery.
FRENZIED,Affected with frenzy; frantic; maddened.-- Fren"zied-ly, adv.The people
frenzied by centuries of oppression. Buckle.Up starting with a frenzied look. Sir W
Scott.
FRENZY,Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction;violent and
temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness;rage.All else is towering
frenzy and distraction. Addison.The poet's eye in a fine frenzy rolling. Shak.
FREQUENTABLE,Accessible. [R.] Sidney.
FREQUENTAGE,The practice or habit of frequenting. [R.] Southey.
FREQUENTATION,The act or habit of frequenting or visiting often;
resort.Chesterfield.
FREQUENTATIVE,Serving to express the frequent repetition of an action; as,
afrequentative verb.-- n.
FREQUENTER,One who frequents; one who often visits, or resorts tocustomarily.
FREQUENTLY,At frequent or short intervals; many times; often; repeatedly;commonly.
FREQUENTNESS,The quality of being frequent.
FRERE,A friar. Chaucer.
FRESCADE,A cool walk; shady place. [R.] Maunder.
FRESCO,To paint in fresco, as walls.
FRESH,To refresh; to freshen. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
FRESH-NEW,Unpracticed. [Obs.] Shak.
FRESH-WATER,A lantern having a lamp surrounded by a hollow cylindricalFresnel lens.
FRESHEN,To relieve, as a rope, by change of place where friction wearsit; or to
renew, as the material used to prevent chafing; as, tofreshen a hawse. Totten. To
freshen ballast (Naut.), to shift Orrestore it.-- To freshen the hawse, to pay out
a little more cable, so as tobring the chafe on another part.-- To freshen the way,
to increase the speed of a vessel. Ham. Nav.Encyc.
FRESHLY,In a fresh manner; vigorously; newly, recently; brightly;briskly; coolly;
as, freshly gathered; freshly painted; the windblows freshly.Looks he as freshly as
he did Shak.
FRESHMAN,novice; one in the rudiments of knowledge; especially, astudent during his
fist year in a college or university.He drank his glass and cracked his joke, And
freshmen wondered as hespoke. Goldsmith.Freshman class, the lowest of the four
classes in an Americancollege. [ U. S.]
FRESHMANSHIP,The state of being a freshman.
FRESHMENT,Refreshment. [Obs.]
FRESHNESS,The state of being fresh.The Scots had the advantage both for number and
freshness of men.Hayward.And breathe the freshness of the open air. Dryden.Her
cheeks their freshness lose and wonted grace. Granville.
FRESNEL LENS,See under Lens.
FRET,See 1st Frith.
FRETFUL,Disposed to fret; ill-humored; peevish; angry; in a state ofvexation; as, a
fretful temper.-- Fret"ful-ly, adv.-- Fret"ful-ness, n.
FRETT,The worn side of the bank of a river. See 4th Fret, n., 4.
FRETTED,Interlaced one with another; -- said of charges and ordinaries.
FRETTEN,Rubbed; marked; as, pock-fretten, marked with the smallpox.[Obs.] Wright.
FRETTER,One who, or that which, frets.
FRETTY,Adorned with fretwork.
FRETUM,A strait, or arm of the sea.
FRETWORK,Work adorned with frets; ornamental openwork or work in relief,esp. when
elaborate and minute in its parts. Heuce, any minute playof light andshade, dark
and light, or the like.Banqueting on the turf in the fretwork of shade and
sunshine.Macaulay.
FREYA,The daughter of Njörd, aud goddess of love and beauty; theScandinavian Venus;
-- in Teutonic myths confounded with Frigga, butin Scandinavian, distinct. [Written
also Frea, Fraying, and Ereyja.]
FRIABIIITY,The quality of being friable; friableness. Locke.
FRIABLE,[friabilis, fr. friare to rub, break, or crumble into smallpieces, cf.
fricare to rub, E. fray. cf. F. friable.) Easilycrumbled, pulverized, or reduced to
powder. "Friable ground." Evelyn."Soft and friable texture." Paley.-- Fri'a-ble-
ness, n.
FRIAR,A brother or member of any religious order, but especially ofone of the four
mendicant orders, viz: (a) Minors, Gray Friars, orFranciscans. (b) Augustines. (c)
Dominicans or Black Friars. (d)White Friars or Carmelites. See these names in the
Vocabulary.
FRIARLY,Like a friar; inexperienced. Bacon.
FRIARY,Like a friar; pertaining to friars or to a convent. [Obs.]Camden.
FRIATION,The act of breaking up or pulverizing.
FRIBBLE,Frivolous; trifling; sily.
FRIBBLER,A trifler; a fribble.
FRIBBLING,Frivolous; trining; toolishly captious.
FRICACE,A ragout or fricassee of veal; a fancy dish of veal or of bonedturkey,
served as an entrée, -- called also fricandel. A. J. Cooley.
FRICASSEE,A dish made of fowls, veal, or other meat of small animals cutinto
pieces, and stewed in a gravy.
FRICATION,Friction. [Obs.] Bacon.
FRICATIVE,Produced by the friction or rustling of the breath, intonatedor
unintonated, through a narrow opening between two of the mouthorgans; uttered
through a close approach, but not with a completeclosure, of the organs of
articulation, and hence capable of beingcontinued or prolonged; -- said of certain
consonantal sounds, as f,v, s, z, etc.-- n.
FRICATRICE,A lewd woman; a harlot. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
FRICKLE,A bushel basket. [Obs.]
FRICTION,The resistance which a body meets with from the surface onwhich it moves.
It may be resistance to sliding motion, or to rollingmotion.
FRICTIONAL,Relating to friction; moved by friction; produced by friction;as,
frictional electricity. Frictional gearing, wheels which transmitmotion by surface
friction instead of teeth. The faces are sometimesmade more or less V-shaped to
increase or decrease friction, asrequired.
FRICTIONLESS,Having no friction.
FRIDAY,The sixth day of the week, following Thursday and precedingSaturday.
FRIDGE,To rub; to fray. [Obs.] Sterne.
FRIED,imp. & p. p. of Fry.
FRIEND,To act as the friend of; to favor; to countenance; to befriend.[Obs.]Fortune
friends the bold. Spenser.
FRIENDING,Friendliness. [Obs.] Shak.
FRIENDLESS,Destitute of friends; forsaken.-- Friend"less*ness, n.
FRIENDLILY,In a friendly manner. Pope.
FRIENDLINESS,The condition or quality of being friendly. Sir P. Sidney.
FRIENDLY,In the manner of friends; amicably; like friends. [Obs.] Shak.In whom all
graces that can perfect beauty Are friendly met. Beau. &Fl.
FRIER,One who fries.
FRIESE,Same as Friesic, n.
FRIESIC,Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province in the northern partof the
Netherlands.
FRIESISH,Friesic. [R.]
FRIEZE,A kind of coarse woolen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted(friezed) nap
on one side. "Robes of frieze." Goldsmith.
FRIEZED,Gathered, or having the map gathered, into little tufts, knots,or
protuberances. Cf. Frieze, v. t., and Friz, v. t.,
FRIEZER,One who, or that which, friezes or frizzes.
FRIGATE-BUILT,Built like a frigate with a raised quarter-deck and forecastle.
FRIGATOON,A Venetian vessel, with a square stern, having only a mainmast,jigger
mast, and bowsprit; also a sloop of war ship-rigged.
FRIGEFACTION,The act of making cold. [Obs.]
FRIGEFACTIVE,Cooling. [Obs.] Boyle.
FRIGERATE,To make cool. [Obs.] Blount.
FRIGHT,To alarm suddenly; to shock by causing sudden fear; to terrify;to scare.Nor
exile or danger can fright a brave spirit. Dryden.
FRIGHTEN,To disturb with fear; to throw into a state of alarm or fright;to
affright; to terrify.More frightened than hurt. Old Proverb.
FRIGHTFULLY,In a frightful manner; to a frightful dagree.
FRIGHTFULNESS,The quality of being frightful.
FRIGHTLESS,Free from fright; fearless. [Obs.]
FRIGHTMENT,Fear; terror. [Obs.]
FRIGIDARIUM,The cooling room of the Roman thermæ, furnished with a coldbath.
FRIGIDLY,In a frigid manner; coldly; dully; without affection.
FRIGIDNESS,The state of being frigid; want of heat, vigor, or affection;coldness;
dullness.
FRILL,To wrinkle; -- said of the gelatin film.
FRILLED,Furnished with a frill or frills. Frilled lizard (Zoöl.), alarge Australian
lizard (Chlamydosaurus Kingii) about three feetlong, which has a large, erectile
frill on each side of the neck.
FRIM,Flourishing; thriving; fresh; in good case; vigorous. [Obs.]"Frim pastures."
Drayton.
FRIMAIRE,The third month of the French republican calendar. It commencedNovember
21, and ended December 20., See Vendémiaire.
FRINGE TREE,A small oleaceous tree (Chionanthus virginica), of the southernUnited
States, having clusters of white flowers with slender petals.It is often
cultivated.
FRINGE,One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by theinterference of
light; a diffraction band; -- called alsointerference fringe.
FRINGED,Furnished with a fringe. Fringed lear (Bot.), a leaf edged withsoft
parallel hairs.
FRINGELESS,Having no fringe.
FRINGENT,Encircling like a fringe; bordering. [R.] "The fringent air."Emerson.
FRINGILLA,A genus of birds, with a short, conical, pointed bill. Itformerly
included all the sparrows and finches, but is now restrictedto certain European
finches, like the chaffinch and brambling.
FRINGILLACEOUS,Fringilline.
FRINGILLINE,Pertaining to the family Fringillidæ; characteristic offinches;
sparrowlike.
FRINGY,Aborned with fringes. Shak.
FRIPPER,One who deals in frippery or in old clothes. [Obs.] Bacon.
FRIPPERER,A fripper. [Obs.] Johnson.
FRIPPERY,Trifling; contemptible.
FRISEUR,A hairdresser.
FRISIAN,Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province of the Netherlands;Friesic.
FRISK,Lively; brisk; frolicsome; frisky. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
FRISKAL,A leap or caper. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
FRISKER,One who frisks; one who leaps of dances in gayety; a wanton; aninconstant
or unsettled person. Camden.
FRISKET,The light frame which holds the sheet of paper to the tympan inprinting.
FRISKFUL,Brisk; lively; frolicsome.
FRISKILY,In a frisky manner.
FRISKINESS,State or quality of being frisky.
FRISKY,Inclined to frisk; frolicsome; gay.He is too frisky for an old man. Jeffrey.
FRISLET,[Fraise a kind of defense; also Friz.) A kind of small ruffle.Halliwell.
FRIST,To sell upon credit, as goods. [R.] Crabb.
FRISURE,The dressing of the hair by crisping or curling. Smollett.
FRIT,The material of which glass is made, after having been calcinedor partly fused
in a furnace, but before vitrification. It is acomposition of silex and alkali,
occasionally with other ingredients.Ure.
FRITFLY,A small dipterous fly of the genus Oscinis, esp. O. vastator,injurious to
grain in Europe, and O. Trifole, injurious to clover inAmerica.
FRITH,A narrow arm of the sea; an estuary; the opening of a riverinto the sea; as,
the Frith of Forth.
FRITHY,Woody. [Obs.] Skelton.
FRITILLARIA,A genus of liliaceous plants, of which the crown-imperial(Fritillaria
imperialis) is one species, and the Guinea-hen flower(F. Meleagris) another. See
Crown-imperial.
FRITILLARY,A plant with checkered petals, of the genus Fritillaria: theGuinea-hen
flower. See Fritillaria.
FRITINANCY,A chirping or creaking, as of a cricket. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FRITTING,The formation of frit or slag by heat with but incipientfusion.
FRIVOL,To act frivolously; to trifle. Kipling. -- Friv"ol*er (#),Friv"ol*ler, n.
[All Colloq.]
FRIVOLISM,Frivolity. [R.] Pristley.
FRIVOLITY,The condition or quality of being frivolous; also, acts orhabits of
trifling; unbecoming levity of disposition.
FRIZ,To soften and make of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumicestone or a
blunt instrument. Frizzing machine. (a) (Fabrics) Amachine for frizzing the surface
of cloth. (b) (Wood Working) A benchwith a revolving cutter head slightly
protruding above its surface,for dressing boards.
FRIZE,See 1st Frieze.
FRIZEL,A movable furrowed piece of steel struck by the flint, to throwsparks into
the pan, in an early form of flintlock. Knight.
FRIZETTE,A curl of hair or silk; a pad of frizzed hair or silk worn bywomen under
the hair to stuff it out.
FRIZZ,See Friz, v. t. & n.
FRIZZLE,To curl or crisp, as hair; to friz; to crinkle. Gay. To frizzleup, to
crinkle or crisp excessively.
FRIZZLER,One who frizzles.
FRO,From; away; back or backward; -- now used only in oppositiontothe word to, in
the phrase to and fro, that is, to and from. See Toand fro under To. Millon.
FROCKED,Clothed in a frock.
FROCKLESS,Destitute of a frock.
FROE,A dirty woman; a slattern; a frow. [Obs.] "Raging franticfroes." Draylon.
FROEBELIAN,Pertaining to, or derived from, Friedrich Froebel, or thekindergarten
system of education, which he organized. -- n.
FROG,1. (Zoöl.) An amphibious animal of the genus Rana and relatedgenera, of many
species. Frogs swim rapidly, and take long leaps onland. Many of the species utter
loud notes in the springtime.
FROG-EYED,Spotted with whitish specks due to a disease, or producedartificially by
spraying; -- said of tobacco used for cigar wrappers.
FROGGED,Provided or ornamented with frogs; as, a frogged coat. SeeFrog, n., 4. Ld.
Lytton.
FROGGY,Abounding in frogs. Sherwood.
FROGMOUTH,One of several species of Asiatic and East Indian birds of thegenus
Batrachostomus (family Podargidæ); -- so called from their verybroad, flat bills.
FROGS-BIT,Frogbit.
FROGSHELL,One of numerous species of marine gastropod shells, belongingto Ranella
and allied genera.
FROISE,A kind of pancake. See 1st Fraise. [Written also fraise.]
FROLIC,Full of levity; dancing, playing, or frisking about; full ofpranks;
frolicsome; gay; merry.The frolic wind that breathes the spring. Milton.The gay,
the frolic, and the loud. Waller.
FROLICFUL,Frolicsome. [R.]
FROLICKY,Frolicsome. [Obs.] Richardson.
FROLICLY,In a frolicsome manner; with mirth and gayety. [Obs.] Beau. &Fl.
FROLICSOME,Full of gayety and mirth; given to pranks; sportive.Old England, who
takes a frolicsome brain fever once every two orthree years, for the benefit of her
doctors. Sir W. Scott.-- Frol"ic*some*ly, adv.-- Frol"ic*some*ness, n.
FROM,Out of the neighborhood of; lessening or losing proximity to;leaving behind;
by reason of; out of; by aid of; -- used wheneverdeparture, setting out,
commencement of action, being, state,occurrence, etc., or procedure, emanation,
absence, separation, etc.,are to be expressed. It is construed with, and indicates,
the pointof space or time at which the action, state, etc., are regarded assetting
out or beginning; also, less frequently, the source, thecause, the occasion, out of
which anything proceeds; -- thearitithesis and correlative of to; as, it, is one
hundred miles fromBoston to Springfield; he took his sword from his side;
lightproceeds from the sun; separate the coarse wool from the fine; menhave all
sprung from Adam, and often go from good to bad, and frombad to worse; the merit of
an action depends on the principle fromwhich it proceeds; men judge of facts from
personal knowledge, orfrom testimony.Experience from the time past to the time
present. Bacon.The song began from Jove. Drpden.From high Mæonia's rocky shores I
came. Addison.If the wind blow any way from shore. Shak.
FROND,The organ formed by the combination or union into one body ofstem and leaf,
and often bearing the fructification; as, the frond ofa fern or of a lichen or
seaweed; also, the peculiar leaf of a palmtree.
FRONDATION,The act of stripping, as trees, of leaves or branches; a kindof pruning.
Evelyn.
FRONDE,A political party in France, during the minority of Louis XIV.,who opposed
the government, and made war upon the court party.
FRONDED,Furnished with fronds. "Fronded palms." Whittier.
FRONDENT,Covered with leaves; leafy; as, a frondent tree. [R.]
FRONDESCE,To unfold leaves, as plants.
FRONDEUR,A member of the Fronde.
FRONDIFEROUS,Producing fronds.
FRONDLET,A very small frond, or distinct portion of a compound frond.
FRONDOUS,Frondose. [R.]
FRONS,The forehead; the part of the cranium between the orbits andthe vertex.
FRONT,Of or relating to the front or forward part; having a positionin front;
foremost; as, a front view.
FRONTAGE,The front part of an edifice or lot; extent of front.
FRONTAL,Belonging to the front part; being in front; esp. (Anat.),
FRONTED,Formed with a front; drawn up in line. "Fronted brigades."Milton.
FRONTIER,An outwork. [Obs.]Palisadoes, frontiers, parapets. Shak.
FRONTIERED,Placed on the frontiers. [R.]
FRONTIERSMAN,A man living on the frontier.
FRONTINGLY,In a fronting or facing position; opposingly.
FRONTINIAC,See Frontignac.
FRONTISPIECE,The part which first meets the eye; as:(a) (Arch.) The principal front
of a building. [Obs. or R.](b) An ornamental figure or illustration fronting the
first page, ortitlepage, of a book; formerly, the titlepage itself.
FRONTLESS,Without face or front; shameless; not diffident; impudent.[Obs.]
"Frontless vice." Dryden. "Frontless flattery." Pope.
FRONTLESSLY,Shamelessly; impudently. [Obs.]
FRONTLET,The margin of the head, behind the bill of birds, often bearingrigid
bristles.
FRONTO-,A combining form signifying relating to the forehead or thefrontal bone;
as, fronto-parietal, relating to the frontal and theparietal bones; fronto-nasal,
etc.
FRONTON,Same as Frontal, 2.
FROPPISH,Peevish; froward. [Obs.] Clarendon.
FRORE,Frostily. [Obs.]The parching air Burns frore, and cold performs the effect of
fire.Milton.
FRORN,Frozen. [Obs.]Well nigh frorn I feel. Spenser.
FROST SIGNAL,A signal consisting of a white flag with a black center, usedby the
United States Weather Bureau to indicate that a local frost isexpected. It is used
only in Florida and along the coasts of thePacific and the Gulf Mexico.
FROST-BITTEN,Nipped, withered, or injured, by frost or freezing.
FROSTBIRD,The golden plover.
FROSTBITE,The freezing, or effect of a freezing, of some part of thebody, as the
ears or nose. Kane.
FROSTBOW,A white arc or circle in the sky attending frosty weather andformed by
reflection of sunlight from ice crystals floating in theair; the parhelic circle
whose center is at the zenith.
FROSTED,Covered with hoarfrost or anything resembling hoarfrost;ornamented with
frosting; also, frost-bitten; as, a frosted cake;frosted glass.Frosted work is
introduced as a foil or contrast to burnished work.Knight.
FROSTILY,In a frosty manner.
FROSTINESS,State or quality of being frosty.
FROSTLESS,Free from frost; as, a frostless winter.
FROSTWEED,An American species of rockrose (Helianthemum Canadense),sometimes used
in medicine as an astringent or aromatic tonic.
FROSTWORK,The figurework, often fantastic and delicate, which moisturesometimes
forms in freezing, as upon a window pane or a flagstone.
FROSTWORT,Same as Frostweed.
FROTE,To rub or wear by rubbing; to chafe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
FROTERER,One who frotes; one who rubs or chafes. [Obs.] Marston.
FROTH,To throw up or out spume, foam, or bubbles; to foam; as beerfroths; a horse
froths.
FROTHILY,In a frothy manner.
FROTHINESS,State or quality of being frothy.
FROTHING,Exaggerated declamation; rant.
FROTHLESS,Free from froth.
FROUFROU,A rustling, esp. the rustling of a woman's dress.
FROUNCE,To gather into or adorn with plaits, as a dress; to formwrinkles in or
upon; to curl or frizzle, as the hair.Not tricked and frounced, as she was wont.
Milton.
FROUNCELESS,Without frounces. Rom. of R.
FROUZY,Fetid, musty; rank; disordered and offensive to the smell orsight; slovenly;
dingy. See Frowzy. "Petticoats in frouzy heaps."Swift.
FROW,A cleaving tool with handle at right angles to the blade, forsplitting cask
staves and shingles from the block; a frower.
FROWARD,Not willing to yield or compIy with what is required or isreasonable;
perverse; disobedient; peevish; as, a froward child.A froward man soweth strife.
Prov. xvi. 28.A froward retention of custom is as turbulent a thing as
innovation.Bacon.
FROWER,A tool. See 2d Frow. Tusser.
FROWEY,Working smoothly, or without splitting; -- said of timber.
FROWN,To repress or repel by expressing displeasure or disapproval;to rebuke with a
look; as, frown the impudent fellow into silence.
FROWNINGLY,In a frowning manner.
FROWNY,Frowning; scowling. [Obs.]Her frowny mother's ragged shoulder. Sir F.
Palgrave.
FROWY,Musty. rancid; as, frowy butter. "Frowy feed." Spenser
FROWZY,Slovenly; unkempt; untidy; frouzy. "With head all frowzy."Spenser.The frowzy
soldiers' wives hanging out clothes. W. D. Howells.
FROZE,imp. of Freeze.
FROZENNESS,A state of being frozen.
FRUBISH,To rub up: to furbish. [Obs.] Beau. c& Et.
FRUCTED,Bearing fruit; -- said of a tree or plant so represented uponan escutcheon.
Cussans.
FRUCTESCENCE,The maturing or ripening of fruit. [R.] Martyn.
FRUCTICULOSE,Fruitful; full of fruit.
FRUCTIDOR,The twelfth month of the French republican calendar; --commencing August
18, and ending September 16. See Vendémiaire.
FRUCTIFERUOS,Bearing or producing fruit. Boyle.
FRUCTIFY,To bear fruit. "Causeth the earth to fructify." Beveridge.
FRUCTOSE,Fruit sugar; levulose. [R.]
FRUCTUARY,One who enjoys the profits, income, or increase of anything.Kings are not
proprietors nor fructuaries. Prynne.
FRUCTUATION,Produce; fruit, [R.]
FRUCTUOUS,Fruitful; productive; profitable. [Obs.]Nothing fructuous or profitable.
Chaucer.-- Fruc"tu*ous*ly, adv.-- Fruc"tu*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
FRUCTURE,Use; fruition; enjoyment. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
FRUE VANNER,A moving, inclined, endless apron on which ore is concentratedby a
current of water; a kind of buddle.
FRUGALLY,Thriftily; prudently.
FRUGALNESS,, n. Quality of being frugal; frugality.
FRUGIFEROUS,Producing fruit; fruitful; fructiferous. Dr. H. More.
FRUGIVORA,The fruit bate; a group of the Cheiroptera, comprising the batswhich live
on fruits. See Eruit bat, under Fruit.
FRUGIVOROUS,Feeding on fruit, as birds and other animals. Pennant.
FRUIT,The pulpy, edible seed vessels of certain plants, especiallythose grown on
branches above ground, as apples, oranges, grapes,melons, berries, etc. See 3.
FRUITER,A ship for carrying fruit.
FRUITERER,One who deals in fruit; a seller of fruits.
FRUITERESS,A woman who sells fruit.
FRUITESTERE,A fruiteress. [Obs.]
FRUITFUL,Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing results;prolific;
fertile; liberal; bountiful; as, a fruitful tree, orseason, or soil; a fruitful
wife.-- Fruit"ful*ly, adv.-- Fruit"ful*ness, n.Be fruitful and multiply and
replenish the earth. Gen. i. 28.[Nature] By disburdening grows More fruitful.
Milton.The great fruitfulness of the poet's fancy. Addison.
FRUITING,Pertaining to, or producing, fruit.
FRUITION,Use or possession of anything, especially such as isaccompanied with
pleasure or satisfaction; pleasure derived frompossession or use. "Capacity of
fruition." Rogers. "Godlikefruition." Milton.Where I may have fruition of her love.
Shak.
FRUITIVE,Eujoying; possessing. [Obs.] Boyle.
FRUITY,Having the odor, taste, or appearance of fruit; also, fruitful.Dickens.
FRUMENTACEOUS,Made of, or resembling, wheat or other grain.
FRUMENTARIOUS,Of or pertaining to wheat or grain. [R.] Coles.
FRUMENTATION,A largess of grain bestowed upon the people, to quiet them whenuneasy.
FRUMENTY,Food made of hulled wheat boiled in milk, with sugar, plums,etc. [Written
also furmenty and furmity.] Halliwell.
FRUMP,To insult; to flout; to mock; to snub. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
FRUMPER,A mocker. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
FRUSH,To batter; to break in pieces. [Obs.]I like thine armor well; I'll frush it
and unlock the rivets all.Shak.
FRUSTRABLE,Capable of beeing frustrated or defeated.
FRUSTRANEOUS,Vain; useless; unprofitable. [Obs.] South.
FRUSTRATE,Vain; ineffectual; useless; unprofitable; null; voil; nugatory;of no
effect. "Our frustrate search." Shak.
FRUSTRATELY,In vain. [Obs.] Vicars.
FRUSTRATION,The act of frustrating; disappointment; defeat; as, thefrustration of
one's designs
FRUSTRATIVE,Tending to defeat; fallacious. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
FRUSTRATORY,Making void; rendering null; as, a frustratory appeal. [Obs.]Ayliffe.
FRUSTULE,The siliceous shell of a diatom. It is composed of two valves,one
overlapping the other, like a pill box and its cover.
FRUSTULENT,Abounding in fragments. [R.]
FRUSTUM,The part of a solid next the base, formed by cutting off the,top; or the
part of any solid, as of a cone, pyramid, etc., betweentwo planes, which may be
either parallel or inclined to each other.
FRUTESCENT,Somewhat shrubby in character; imperfectly shrubby, as theAmerican
species of Wistaria.
FRUTEX,A plant having a woody, durable stem, but less than a tree; ashrub.
FRUTICANT,Full of shoots. [Obs.] Evelyn.
FRUTICOSE,Pertaining to a shrub or shrubs; branching like a shrub;shrubby;
shrublike; as, a fruticose stem. Gray.
FRUTICOUS,Fruticose. [R.]
FRUTICULOSE,Like, or pertaining to, a small shrub. Gray.
FRY,To cook in a pan or on a griddle (esp. with the use of fat,butter, or olive
oil) by heating over a fire; to cook in boiling lardor fat; as, to fry fish; to fry
doughnuts.
FRYING,The process denoted by the verb fry. Frying pan, an iron panwith a long
handle, used for frying meat. vegetables, etc.
FU,A department in China comprising several hsein; also, the chiefcity of a
department; -- often forming the last part of a name; as,Paoting-fu.
FUAGE,Same as Fumage.
FUAR,Same as Feuar.
FUB,To put off by trickery; to cheat. [Obs.]I have been fubbed off, and fubbed off,
and fabbed off, from this dayto that day. Shak.
FUBBERY,Cheating; deception. Marston.
FUCHS,A student of the first year.
FUCHSIA,A genus of flowering plants having elegant drooping flowers,with four
sepals, four petals, eight stamens, and a single pistil.They are natives of Mexico
and South America. Double-floweredvarieties are now common in cultivation.
FUCHSINE,Aniline red; an artificial coal-tar dyestuff, of a metallicgreen color
superficially, resembling cantharides, but when dissolvedforming a brilliant dark
red. It consists of a hydrochloride oracetate of rosaniline. See Rosaniline.
FUCIVOROUS,Eating fucus or other seaweeds.
FUCOID,A plant, whether recent or fossil, which resembles a seaweed.See Fucoid, a.
FUCOIDAL,Fucoid.
FUCUS,A genus of tough, leathery seaweeds, usually of a dull brownishgreen color;
rockweed.
FUCUSOL,An oily liquid, resembling, and possibly identical with,furfurol, and
obtained from fucus, and other seaweeds.
FUDDER,See Fodder, a weight.
FUDDLE,To make foolish by drink; to cause to become intoxicated.[Colloq.]I am too
fuddled to take care to observe your orders. Steele.
FUDDLER,A drunkard. [Colloq.] Baxter.
FUDGE WHEEL,A tool for ornamenting the edge of a sole.
FUDGE,A made-up story; stuff; nonsense; humbug; -- often anexclamation of contempt.
FUEGIAN,Of or pertaining to Terra del Fuego.-- n.
FUELER,One who, or that which, supplies fuel. [R.] [Written alsofueller.] Donne.
FUFF,To puff. [Prov. Eng. A Local, U. S.] Halliwel.
FUFFY,Light; puffy. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U. S.]
FUGA,A fugue.
FUGACIOUS,Fleeting; lasting but a short time; -- applied particularly toorgans or
parts which are short-lived as compared with the life ofthe individual.
FUGACIOUSNESS,Fugacity. [Obs.]
FUGACY,Banishment. [Obs.] Milton.
FUGATO,in the gugue style, but not strictly like a fugue.-- n.
FUGH,An exclamation of disgust; foh; faugh. Dryden.
FUGHETTA,a short, condensed fugue. Grove.
FUGITIVELY,In a fugitive manner.
FUGITIVENESS,The quality or condition of being fugitive; evanescence;volatility;
fugacity; instability.
FUGLE,To maneuver; to move hither and thither. [Colloq.]Wooden arms with elbow
joints jerking and fugling in the air.Carlyle.
FUGLEMAN,A soldier especially expert and well drilled, who takes hisplace in front
of a military company, as a guide for the others intheir exercises; a file leader.
He originally stood in front of theright wing. [Written also flugelman.]
FUGUE,A polyphonic composition, developed from a given theme orthemes, according to
strict contrapuntal rules. The theme is firstgiven out by one voice or part, and
then, while that pursues its way,it is repeated by another at the interval of a
fifth or fourth, andso on, until all the parts have answered one by one, continuing
theirseveral melodies and interweaving them in one complex progressivewhole, in
which the theme is often lost and reappears.All parts of the scheme are eternally
chasing each other, like theparts of a fugue. Jer. Taylor.
FUGUIST,A musician who composes or performs fugues. Busby.
FULBE,Same as Fulahs.
FULCIBLE,Capable of being propped up. [Obs.] Cockeram.
FULCIMENT,A prop; a fulcrum. [Obs.] Bp. Wilkins.
FULCRA,See Fulcrum.
FULCRATE,Propped; supported by accessory organs. [R.] Gray.
FULCRUM,That by which a lever is sustained, or about which it turns inlifting or
moving a body.
FULFILLER,One who fulfills. South.
FULGENCY,Brightness; splendor; glitter; effulgence. Bailey.
FULGENT,Exquisitely bright; shining; dazzling; effulgent.Other Thracians . . .
fulgent morions wore. Glower.
FULGENTLY,Dazzlingly; glitteringly.
FULGID,Shining; glittering; dazzling. [R.] Pope.
FULGIDITY,Splendor; resplendence; effulgence. [R.] Bailey.
FULGOR,Dazzling brightness; splendor. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
FULGURANT,Lightening. [R.] Dr. H. More.
FULGURATA,A spectro-electric tube in which the decomposition of a liquidby the
passage of an electric spark is observed. Knight.
FULGURATE,To flash as lightning. [R.]
FULGURATING,Resembling lightning; -- used to describe intense
lancinatingpainsaccompanying locomotor ataxy.
FULGURATION,The sudden brightening of a fused globule of gold or silver,when the
last film of the oxide of lead or copper leaves its surface;-- also called blick.A
phenomenon called, by the old chemists, fulguration. Ure.
FULGURITE,A vitrified sand tube produced by the striking of lightning onsand; a
lightning tube; also, the portion of rock surface fused by alightning discharge.
FULGURY,Lightning. [Obs.]
FULHAM,A false die. [Cant] [Written also fullam.] Shak.
FULIGINOSITY,The condition or quality of being fuliginous; sootiness;
matterdeposited by smoke. [R.]
FULIGINOUSLY,In a smoky manner.
FULIMART,Same as Foumart.
FULL HOUSE,A hand containing three of a kind and a pair, as three kingsand two
tens. It ranks above a flush and below four of a kind.
FULL,Complete measure; utmost extent; the highest state or degree.The swan's-down
feather, That stands upon the swell at full of tide.Shak.Full of the moon, the time
of full moon.
FULL-BLOOMED,Like a perfect blossom. "Full-bloomed lips." Crashaw.
FULL-BOTTOMED,Of great capacity below the water line.
FULL-BUTT,With direct and violentop position; with sudden collision.[Colloq.]
L'Estrange.
FULL-DRIVE,With full speed. [Colloq.]
FULL-FORMED,Full in form or shape; rounded out with flesh.The full-formed maids of
Afric. Thomson.
FULL-GROWN,Having reached the limits of growth; mature. "Full-grownwings." Lowell.
FULL-HEARTED,Full of courage or confidence. Shak.
FULL-HOT,Very fiery. Shak.
FULL-MANNED,Completely furnished wiith men, as a ship.
FULL-ORBED,Having the orb or disk complete or fully illuminated; like thefull moon.
FULL-SAILED,Having all its sails set,; hence, without restriction orreservation.
Massinger.
FULLAGE,The money or price paid for fulling or cleansing cloth.Johnson.
FULLAM,A false die. See Fulham.
FULLER,One whose occupation is to full cloth. Fuller's earth, avariety of clay,
used in scouring and cleansing cloth, to imbibegrease.-- Fuller's herb (Bot.), the
soapwort (Saponaria officinalis),formerly used to remove stains from cloth.--
Fuller's thistle or weed (Bot.), the teasel (Dipsacus fullonum)whose burs are used
by fullers in dressing cloth. See Teasel.
FULLERY,The place or the works where the fulling of cloth is carriedon.
FULLING,The process of cleansing, shrinking, and thickening cloth bymoisture, heat,
and pressure. Fulling mill, a mill for fulling clothas by means of pesties or
stampers, which alternately fall into andrise from troughs where the cloth is
placed with hot water andfuller's earth, or other cleansing materials.
FULLMART,See Foumart. B. Jonson.
FULLNESS,The state of being full, or of abounding; abundance;completeness. [Written
also fulness.]"In thy presence is fullness of joy." Ps. xvi. 11.
FULLONICAL,Pertaining to a fuller of cloth. [Obs.] Blount.
FULLY,In a full manner or degree; completely; entirely; without lackor defect;
adequately; satisfactorily; as, to be fully persuaded ofthe truth of a proposition.
Fully committed (Law), committed toprison for trial, in distinction from being
detained for examination.
FULMAR,One of several species of sea birds, of the familyprocellariidæ, allied to
the albatrosses and petrels. Among the well-known species are the arctic fulmar
(Fulmarus glacialis) (called alsofulmar petrel, malduck, and mollemock), and the
giant fulmar(Ossifraga gigantea).
FULMINANT,Thundering; fulminating. [R.] Bailey.
FULMINATORY,Thundering; striking terror. Cotgrave.
FULMINE,To thunder. [Obs.] Spenser. Milton.
FULMINEOUS,Of, or concerning thunder.
FULMINIC,Pertaining to fulmination; detonating; specifically (Chem.),pertaining to,
derived from, or denoting, an acid, so called; as,fulminic acid. Fulminic acid
(Chem.), a complex acid, H2C2N2O2,isomeric with cyanic and cyanuric acids, and not
known in the freestate, but forming a large class of highly explosive salts,
thefulminates. Of these, mercuric fulminate, the most common, is used,mixed with
niter, to fill percussion caps, charge cartridges, etc.-- Fulminic acid is made by
the action of nitric acid on alcohol.
FULMINURIC,Pertaining to fulminic and cyanuric acids, and designating anacid so
called. Fulminuric acid (Chem.), a white, crystalline,explosive subatance,
H3C3N3O3, forming well known salts, and obtainedfrom the fulnunates. It is isomeric
with cyanuric acid, and hence isalso called isocyanuric acid.
FULNESS,See Fullness.
FULSAMIC,Fulsome. [Obs.]
FULVID,Fulvous. [R.] Dr. H. More.
FULVOUS,Tawny; dull yellow, with a mixture of gray and brown. Lindley.
FUM,To play upon a fiddle. [Obs.]Follow me, and fum as you go. B. Jonson.
FUMACIOUS,Smoky; hence, fond of smoking; addicted to smoking tobacco.
FUMAGE,Hearth money.Fumage, or fuage, vulgarly called smoke farthings. Blackstone.
FUMARATE,A salt of fumaric acid.
FUMARIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, fumitory (Fumaria officinalis).Fumaric acid
(Chem.), a widely occurring organic acid, exttractedfrom fumitory as a white
crystallline substance, C2H2(CO2H)2, andproduced artificially in many ways, as by
the distillation of malicacid; boletic acid. It is found also in the lichen,
Iceland moss, andhence was also called lichenic acid.
FUMARINE,An alkaloid extracted from fumitory, as a white crystallinesubstance.
FUMAROLE,A hole or spot in a volcanic or other region, from which fumesissue.
FUMATORIUM,An air-tight compartment in which vapor may be generated todestroy germs
or insects; esp., the apparatus used to destroy SanJosé scale on nursery stock,
with hydrocyanic acid vapor.
FUMATORY,See Fumitory. [Obs.]
FUMBLE,To handle or manage awkwardly; to crowd or tumble together.Shak.
FUMBLER,One who fumbles.
FUMBLINGLY,In the manner of one who fumbles.
FUMED OAK,Oak given a weathered appearance by exposure in an air-tightcompartment
to fumes of ammonia from uncorked cans, being first givena coat of filler.
FUMELESS,Free from fumes.
FUMERELL,See Femerell.
FUMET,The dung of deer. B. Jonson.
FUMETERE,Fumitory. [Obs.]
FUMID,Smoky; vaporous. Sir T. Broune.
FUMIFEROUS,Producing smoke.
FUMIFUGIST,One who, or that which, drives away smoke or fumes.
FUMIFY,To subject to the action of smoke. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FUMIGANT,Fuming. [R.]
FUMIGATOR,One who, or that which, fumigates; an apparattus forfumigating.
FUMIGATORY,Having the quality of purifying by smoke. [R.]
FUMILY,Smokily; with fume.
FUMING,Producing fumes, or vapors. Cadet's fuming liquid (Chem.),alkarsin.-- Fuming
liquor of Libsvius (Old Chem.), stannic chloride; thechloride of tin, SnCl4,
forming a colorless, mobile liquid whichfumes in the air. Mixed with water it
solidifies to the so-calledbutter of tin.-- Fuming sulphuric acid. (Chem.) Same as
Disulphuric acid, uderDisulphuric.
FUMINGLY,In a fuming manner; angrily. "They answer fumingly." Hooker.
FUMISH,Smoky; hot; choleric.
FUMISHNESS,Choler; fretfulness; passion.
FUMITER,Fumitory. [Obs.]
FUMITORY,The common uame of several species of the genus Fumaria, annualherbs of
the Old World, with finely dissected leaves and smallflowers in dense racemes or
spikes. F. officinalis is a commonspecies, and was formerly used as an
antiscorbutic. Climbing fumitory(Bot.), the Alleghany vine (Adlumia cirrhosa); a
biennial climbingplant with elegant feathery leaves and large clusters of pretty
whiteor pinkish flowers looking like grains of rice.
FUMMEL,A hinny.
FUMOSITY,The fumes of drink. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FUMY,Producing fumes; fumous. "Drowned in fumy wine." H. Brooke.
FUN,Sport; merriment; frolicsome amusement. "Oddity, frolic, andfun." Goldsmith. To
make fan of, to hold up to, or turn into,ridicule.
FUNAMBULATE,To walk or to dance on a rope.
FUNAMBULATION,Ropedancing.
FUNAMBULIST,A ropewalker or ropedancer.
FUNCTION,The appropriate action of any special organ or part of ananimal or
vegetable organism; as, the function of the heart or thelimbs; the function of
leaves, sap, roots, etc.; life is the sum ofthe functions of the various organs and
parts of the body.
FUNCTIONAL,Pertaining to the function of an organ or part, or to thefunctions in
general. Functional disease (Med.), a disease of whichthe symptoms cannot be
referred to any appreciable lesion or changeof structure; the derangement of an
organ arising from a cause, oftenunknown, external to itself opposed to organic
disease, in which theorgan itself is affected.
FUNCTIONALIZE,To assign to some function or office. [R.]
FUNCTIONALLY,In a functional manner; as regards normal or appropriateactivity.The
organ is said to be functionally disordered. Lawrence.
FUNCTIONARY,One charged with the performance of a function or office; as, apublic
functionary; secular functionaries.
FUNCTIONLESS,Destitute of function, or of an appropriate organ. Darwin.
FUND,The stock of a national debt; public securities; evidences(stocks or bonds) of
money lent to government, for which interest ispaid at prescribed intervals; --
called also public funds.
FUNDABLE,Capable of being funded, or converted into a fund; convertibleinto bonds.
FUNDAMENTAL,Pertaining to the foundation or basis; serving for thefoundation.
Hence: Essential, as an element, principle, or law;important; original; elementary;
as, a fundamental truth; afundamental axiom.The fundamental reasons of this war.
Shak.Some fundamental antithesis in nature. Whewell.Fundamental bass (Mus.), the
root note of a chord; a bass formed ofthe roots or fundamental tones of the
chords.-- Fundamental chord (Mus.), a chord, the lowest tone of which isits root.--
Fundamental colors, red, green, and violet-blue. See Primarycolors, under Color.
FUNDAMENTALLY,Primarily; originally; essentially; radically; at thefoundation; in
origin or constituents. "Fundamentally defective."Burke.
FUNDHOLDER,One who has money invested in the public funds. J. S. Mill.
FUNDLESS,Destitute of funds.
FUNDUS,The bottom or base of any hollow organ; as, the fundus of thebladder; the
fundus of the eye.
FUNEBRIAL,Pertaining to a funeral or funerals; funeral; funereal. [Obs.][Written
also funebral.] Sir T. Browne.
FUNEBRIOUS,Funebrial. [Obs.]
FUNERAL,Per. taining to a funeral; used at the interment of the dead;as, funeral
rites, honors, or ceremonies. Shak. Funeral pile, astructure of combustible
material, upon which a dead body is placedto be reduced to ashes, as part of a
funeral rite; a pyre.-- Fu"ner*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
FUNERATE,To bury with funeral rites. [Obs.] Cockeram.
FUNERATION,The act of burying with funeral rites. [Obs.] Knatchbull.
FUNEREAL,Suiting a funeral; pertaining to burial; solemn. Hence: Dark;dismal;
mournful. Jer. Taylor.What seem to us but sad funereal tapers May be heaven's
distantlamps. Longfellow.-- Fu*ne"re*al*ly, adv.
FUNEST,Lamentable; doleful. [R.] "Funest and direful deaths."Coleridge.A forerunner
of something very funest. Evelyn.
FUNGAL,Of or pertaining to fungi.
FUNGATE,A salt of fungic acid. [Formerly written also fungiate.]
FUNGE,A blockhead; a dolt; a fool. [Obs.] Burton.
FUNGI IMPERFECTI,A heterogenous group of fungi of which the complete lifehistory is
not known. Some undoubtedly represent the conidium stagesof various Ascomycetes.
The group is divided into the ordersSphæropsidales, Melanconiales, and Moniliales.
FUNGI,See Fungus.
FUNGIA,A genus of simple, stony corals; -- so called because they areusually flat
and circular, with radiating plates, like the gills of amushroom. Some of them are
eighteen inches in diameter.
FUNGIAN,Of or pertaining to the Fungidæ, a family of stony corals.-- n.
FUNGIBLES,Things which may be furnished or restored in kind, asdistinguished from
specific things; -- called also fungible things.Burrill.
FUNGIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, mushrooms; as, fungic acid.
FUNGICIDE,Anything that kills fungi.-- Fun`gi*ci"dal, n.
FUNGIFORM,Shaped like a fungus or mushroom. Fungiform papillæ (Anat.),numerous
small, rounded eminences on the upper surface of the tongue.
FUNGILLIFORM,Shaped like a small fungus.
FUNGIN,A name formerly given to cellulose found in certain fungi andmushrooms.
FUNGITE,A fossil coral resembling Fungia.
FUNGIVOROUS,Eating fungi; -- said of certain insects and snails.
FUNGOID,Like a fungus; fungous; spongy.
FUNGOLOGIST,A mycologist.
FUNGOLOGY,Mycology.
FUNGOSITY,The quality of that which is fungous; fungous excrescence.Dunglison.
FUNGUS,Any one of the Fungi, a large and very complex group ofthallophytes of low
organization, -- the molds, mildews, rusts,smuts, mushrooms, toadstools, puff
balls, and the allies of each.
FUNIC,Funicular.
FUNICLE,The little stalk that attaches a seed to the placenta.
FUNICULAR,Pertaining to a funiculus; made up of, or resembling, afuniculus, or
funiculi; as, a funicular ligament. Funicular action(Mech.), the force or action
exerted by a rope in drawing togetherthe supports to which its ends are Fastened,
when acted upon byforces applied in a direction transverse to the rope, as in
thearcher's bow.-- Funicular curve. Same as Catenary.-- Funicular machine (Mech.),
an apparatus for illustrating certainprinciples in statics, consisting of a cord or
chain attached at oneend to a fixed point, and having the other passed over a
pulley andsustaining a weight, while one or more other weights are suspendedfrom
the cord at points between the fixed support and the pulley.-- Funicular polygon
(Mech.), the polygonal figure assumed by a cordfastened at its extremities, and
sustaining weights at differentpoints.
FUNICULATE,Forming a narrow ridge.
FUNILIFORM,Resembling a cord in toughness and flexibility, as the roots ofsome
endogenous trees.
FUNIS,A cord; specifically, the umbilical cord or navel string.
FUNK,An offensive smell; a stench. [Low]
FUNKY,Pertaining to, or characterized by, great fear, or funking.[Colloq. Eng.]
FUNNELFORM,Having the form of a funnel, or tunnel; that is, expandinggradually from
the bottom upward, as the corolla of some flowers;infundibuliform.
FUNNY,Droll; comical; amusing; laughable. Funny bone. See crazy bone,under Crazy.
FUR,Articles of clothing made of fur; as, a set of furs for a lady(a collar,
tippet, or cape, muff, etc.).Wrapped up in my furs. Lady M. W. Montagu.
FURACIOUS,Given to theft; thievish. [Obs.]
FURACITY,Addictedness to theft; thievishness. [Obs.]
FURBELOW,A plaited or gathered flounce on a woman's garment.
FURBISH,To rub or scour to brightness; to clean; to burnish; as, tofurbish a sword
or spear. Shak.Furbish new the name of John a Gaunt. Shak.
FURBISHABLE,Capable of being furbished.
FURBISHER,One who furbishes; esp., a sword cutler, who finishes swordblades and
similar weapons.
FURCATION,A branching like a. fork.
FURCIFEROUS,Rascally; scandalous. [R.] "Furciferous knaves." De Quincey.
FURCULA,A forked process; the wishbone or furculum.
FURCULAR,Shaped like a fork; furcate.
FURCULUM,The wishbone or merrythought of birds, formed by the unitedclavicles.
FURDLE,To draw up into a bundle; to roll up. [Ods.]
FURFUR,Scurf; dandruff.
FURFURACEOUS,Made of bran; like bran; scurfy.
FURFURAN,A colorless, oily substance, C4H4O, obtained by distillingcertain organic
substances, as pine wood, salts of pyromucic acid,etc.; -- called also tetraphenol.
FURFURATION,Falling of scurf from the head; desquamation.
FURFURINE,A white, crystalline base, obtained indirectly from furfurol.
FURFUROL,A colorless oily liquid, C4H3O.CHO, of a pleasant odor,obtained by the
distillation of bran, sugar, etc., and regarded as analdehyde derivative of
furfuran; -- called also furfural.
FURFUROUS,Made of bran; furfuraceous. [R.] "Furfurous bread." SydneySmith.
FURIAL,Furious; raging; tormenting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
FURIBUNDAL,Full of rage. [Obs.] G. Harvey.
FURIES,See Fury, 3.
FURILE,A yellow, crystalline substance, (C4H3O)2.C2O2, obtained by theoxidation of
furoin. [Written also furil.]
FURILIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, furile; as, furilic acid.
FURIOSO,With great force or vigor; vehemently.
FURL,To draw up or gather into close compass; to wrap or roll, as asail, close to
the yard, stay, or mast, or, as a flag, close to oraround its staff, securing it
there by a gasket or line. Totten.
FURLONG,A measure of length; the eighth part of a mile; forty rods; twohundred and
twenty yards.
FURLOUGH,Leave of abserice; especially, leave given to an offcer orsoldier to be
absent from service for a certain time; also, thedocument granting leave of
absence.
FURNIMENT,Furniture. [Obs.] Spenser.
FURNISH,That which is furnished as a specimen; a sample; a supply.[Obs.] Greene.
FURNISHER,One who supplies or fits out.
FURNISHMENT,The act of furnishing, or of supplying furniture; also,furniture.
[Obs.] Daniel.
FURNITURE,A mixed or compound stop in an organ; -- sometimes calledmixture.
FUROIN,A colorless, crystalline substance, C10H8O4, from furfurol.
FURORE,Excitement; commotion; enthusiasm.
FURRIER,A dealer in furs; one who makes or sells fur goods.
FURRING,Double planking of a ship's side.
FURROWY,Furrowed. [R.] Tennyson.
FURTHER,To a greater distance; in addition; moreover. See Farther.Carries us, I
know not how much further, into familiar company. M.Arnold.They sdvanced us far as
Eleusis and Thria; but no further. Jowett(Thucyd. ).Further off, not so near; apart
by a greater distance.
FURTHERANCE,The act of furthering or helping forward; promotion;advancement;
progress.I know that I shall abide and continue with you all for yourfurthersnce
and joy of faith. Phil. i. 25.Built of furtherance and pursuing, Not of spent
deeds, but of doing.Emerson.
FURTHERER,One who furthers. or helps to advance; a promoter. Shak.
FURTHERMORE,or conj. Moreover; besides; in addition to what has been said.
FURTHERMOST,Most remote; furthest.
FURTHERSOME,Tending to further, advance, or promote; helpful; advantageous.[R.]You
will not find it furthersome. Carlyle.
FURTHEST,superl. Most remote; most in advance; farthest. See Further, a.
FURTIVE,Stolen; obtained or characterized by stealth; sly; secret;stealthy; as, a
furtive look. Prior.A hasty and furtive ceremony. Hallam.
FURTIVELY,Stealthily by theft. Lover.
FURUNCLE,A superficial, inflammatory tumor, suppurating with a centralcore; a boil.
FURUNCULAR,Of or pertaining to a furuncle; marked by the presence offuruncles.
FURY,A thief. [Obs.]Have an eye to your plate, for there be furies. J. Fleteher.
FURZE,A thorny evergreen shrub (Ulex Europæus), with beautiful yellowflowers, very
common upon the plains and hills of Great Britain; --called also gorse, and whin.
The dwarf furze is Ulex nanus.
FURZECHAT,The whinchat; -- called also furzechuck.
FURZELING,An English warbler (Melizophilus provincialis); -- called alsofurze wren,
and Dartford warbler.
FURZEN,Furzy; gorsy. [Obs.] Holland.
FURZY,bounding in, or overgrown with, furze; characterized by furze.Gay.
FUSAROLE,A molding generally placed under the echinus or quarter roundof capitals
in the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders ofarchitecture.
FUSCATION,A darkening; obscurity; obfuscation. [R.] Blount.
FUSCIN,A brown, nitrogenous pigment contained in the retinalepithelium; a variety
of melanin.
FUSCINE,A dark-colored substance obtained from empyreumatic animal oil.[R.]
FUSCOUS,Brown or grayish black; darkish.Sad and fuscous colors, as black or brown,
or deep purple and thelike. Burke.
FUSE,A tube or casing filled with combustible matter, by means ofwhich a charge of
powder is ignited, as in blasting; -- called alsofuzee. See Fuze. Fuse hole, the
hole in a shell prepared for thereception of the fuse. Farrow.
FUSEE,A small packet of explosive material with wire appendagesallowing it to be
conveniently attached to a railroad track. It willexplode with a loud report when
run over by a train, and is used toprovide a warning signal to the engineer.
FUSELAGE,An elongated body or frame of an aëroplane or flying machine;sometimes,
erroneously, any kind of frame or body. Many aëroplaneshave no fuselage, properly
so called.
FUSIBILITY,The quality of being fusible.
FUSIBLE,CapabIe of being melted or liquefied. Fusible metal, any alloyof different
metals capable of being easily fused, especially analloy of five parts of bismuth,
three of lead, and two of tin, whichmelts at a temperature below that of boiling
water. Ure.-- Fusible plug (Steam Boiler), a piece of easily fusible alloy,placed
in one of the sheets and intended to melt and blow off thesteam in case of low
water.
FUSIFORM,Shaped like a spindle; tapering at each end; as, a fusiformroot; a
fusiform cell.
FUSIL,A light kind of flintlock musket, formerly in use.
FUSILE,Same as Fusil, a.
FUSILLADE,A simultaneous discharge of firearms.
FUSION,The union, or binding together, of adjacent parts or tissues.
FUSOME,Handy; reat; handsome; notable. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
FUSS,To be overbusy or unduly anxious about trifles; to make abustle or ado. Sir W.
Scott.
FUSSILY,In a fussy manner. Byron.
FUSSINESS,The quality of being fussy.
FUSSY,Making a fuss; disposed to make an unnecessary ado abouttrifles; overnice;
fidgety.Not at all fussy about his personal appearance. R. G. White.
FUST,The shaft of a column, or trunk of pilaster. Gwilt.
FUSTED,Moldy; ill-smelling. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
FUSTERIC,The coloring matter of fustet. Ure.
FUSTET,The wood of the Rhus Cptinus or Venice sumach, a shrub ofSouthern Europe,
which yields a fine orange color, which, however, isnot durable without a mordant.
Ure.
FUSTIANIST,A writer of fustian. [R.] Milton.
FUSTIC,The wood of the Maclura tinctoria, a tree growing in the WestIndies, used in
dyeing yellow; -- called also old fustic. [Writtenalso fustoc.]
FUSTIGATE,To cudgel. [R.] Bailey.
FUSTIGATION,A punishment by beating with a stick or club; cudgeling.This satire,
composed of actual fustigation. Motley.
FUSTILARIAN,A low fellow; a stinkard; a scoundrel. [Obs.] Shak.
FUSTINESS,A fusty state or quality; moldiness; mustiness; an ill smellfrom
moldiness.
FUSURE,Act of fusing; fusion. [R.]
FUTCHEL,The jaws between which the hinder end of a carriage tongue isinserted.
Knight.
FUTILELY,In a futile manner.
FUTILOUS,Futile; trifling. [Obs.]
FUTTOCK,One of the crooked timbers which are scarfed together to formthe lower part
of the compound rib of a vessel; one of the crookedtransverse timbers passing
across and over the keel. Futtock plates(Naut.), plates of iron to which the dead-
eyes of the topmast riggingare secured.-- Futtock shrouds, short iron shrouds
leading from the upper partof the lower mast or of the main shrouds to the edge of
the top, orthrough it, and connecting the topmast rigging with the lower
mast.Totten.
FUTURABLE,Capable of being future; possible to occur. [R.]Not only to things
future, but futurable. Fuller.
FUTURE,That is to be or come hereafter; that will exist at any timeafter the
present; as, the next moment is future, to the present.Future tense (Gram.), the
tense or modification of a verb whichexpresses a future act or event.
FUTURELESS,Without prospect of betterment in the future. W. D. Howells.
FUTURELY,In time to come. [Obs.] Raleigh.
FUTURISM,A movement or phase of post-impressionism (which see, below).
FUTURIST,One who believes or maintains that the fulfillment of theprophecies of the
Bible is to be in the future.
FUTURITIAL,Relating to what is to come; pertaining to futurity; future.[R.]
FUTURITION,The state of being future; futurity. [R.]Nothing . . . can have this
imagined futurition, but as it isdecreed. Coleridge.
FUZE,A tube, filled with combustible matter, for exploding a shell,etc. See Fuse,
n. Chemical fuze, a fuze in which substances separateduntil required for action are
then brought into contact, and unitingchemically, produce explosion.-- Concussion
fuze, a fuze ignited by the striking of theprojectile.-- Electric fuze, a fuze
which is ignited by heat or a sparkproduced by an electric current.-- Friction
fuze, a fuze which is ignited by the heat evolved byfriction.-- Percussion fuze, a
fuze in which the ignition is produced by ablow on some fulminating compound.--
Time fuze, a fuze adapted, either by its length or by thecharacter of its
composition, to burn a certain time before producingan explosion.
FUZZ,To make drunk. [Obs.] Wood.
FUZZLE,To make drunk; to intoxicate; to fuddle. [Obs.] Burton.
FY,A word which expresses blame, dislike, disapprobation,abhorrence, or contempt.
See Fie.
FYKE,A long bag net distended by hoops, into which fish can passeasily, without
being able to return; -- called also fyke net.Cozzens.
FYLLOT,A rebated cross, formerly used as a secret emblem, and a commonornament. It
is also called gammadion, and swastika.
FYTTE,See Fit a song. [Archaic]
G,G is the name of the fifth tone of the natural or model scale;-- called also sol
by the Italians and French. It was also originallyused as the treble clef, and has
gradually changed into the characterrepresented in the margin. See Clef. G# (G
sharp) is a toneintermediate between G and A.
GAB,The hook on the end of an eccentric rod opposite the strap.See. Illust. of
Eccentric.
GABARAGE,A kind of coarse cloth for packing goods. [Obs.]
GABBLER,One who gabbles; a prater.
GABBRO,A name originally given by the Italians to a kind ofserpentine, later to the
rock called euphotide, and now generallyused for a coarsely crystalline, igneous
rock consisting of lamellarpyroxene (diallage) and labradorite, with sometimes
chrysolite(olivine gabbro).
GABEL,A rent, service, tribute, custom, tax, impost, or duty; anexcise. Burrill.He
enables St. Peter to pay his gabel by the ministry of a fish. Jer.Taylor.
GABELER,A collector of gabels or taxes.
GABELLE,A tax, especially on salt. [France] Brande & C.
GABELLEMAN,A gabeler. Carlyle.
GABER-LUNZIE,A beggar with a wallet; a licensed beggar. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott.
GABERDINE,See Gabardine.
GABERT,A lighter, or vessel for inland navigation. [Scot.] Jamieson.
GABION,A hollow cylinder of wickerwork, like a basket without abottom. Gabions are
made of various sizes, and filled with earth inbuilding fieldworks to shelter men
from an enemy's fire.
GABIONADE,A traverse made with gabions between guns or on their flanks,protecting
them from enfilading fire.
GABIONAGE,The part of a fortification built of gabions.
GABIONED,Furnished with gabions.
GABIONNADE,See Gabionade.
GABLE,A cable. [Archaic] Chapman.
GABLET,A small gable, or gable-shaped canopy, formed over atabernacle, niche, etc.
GABLOCK,A false spur or gaff, fitted on the heel of a gamecock. Wright.
GABY,A simpleton; a dunce; a lout. [Colloq.]
GAD,To walk about; to rove or go about, without purpose; hence, torun wild; to be
uncontrolled. "The gadding vine." Milton.Why gaddest thou about so much to change
thy way Jer. ii. 36.
GADABOUT,A gadder [Colloq.]
GADBEE,The gadfly.
GADDER,One who roves about idly, a rambling gossip.
GADDING,Going about much, needlessly or without purpose.Envy is a gadding passion,
and walketh the streets. Bacon.The good nuns would check her gadding tongue.
Tennyson.Gadding car, in quarrying, a car which carries a drilling machine
soarranged as to drill a line of holes.
GADDINGLY,In a roving, idle manner.
GADDISH,Disposed to gad.-- Gad"dish*nes, n. "Gaddishness and folly." Abp. Leighton.
GADE,To gather. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GADFLY,Any dipterous insect of the genus Oestrus, and allied genera ofbotflies.
GADHELIC,Of or pertaining to that division of the Celtic languages,which includes
the Irish, Gaelic, and Manx. J. Peile.
GADIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the cod (Gadus); -- applied toan acid
obtained from cod-liver oil, viz., gadic acid.
GADITANIAN,Of or relating to Cadiz, in Spain.-- n.
GADLING,See Gad, n., 4.
GADMAN,A gadsman.
GADOID,Of or pertaining to the family of fishes (Gadidæ) whichincludes the cod,
haddock, and hake.-- n.
GADOLINIA,A rare earth, regarded by some as an oxide of the supposedelement
gadolinium, by others as only a mixture of the oxides ofyttrium, erbium, ytterbium,
etc.
GADOLINIC,Pertaining to or containing gadolinium.
GADOLINITE,A mineral of a nearly black color and vitreous luster, andconsisting
principally of the silicates of yttrium, cerium, and iron.
GADOLINIUM,A supposed rare metallic element, with a characteristicspectrum, found
associated with yttrium and other rare metals. Itsindividuality and properties have
not yet been determined.
GADSMAN,One who uses a gad or goad in driving.
GADUIN,A yellow or brown amorphous substance, of indifferent nature,found in cod-
liver oil.
GADWALL,A large duck (Anas strepera), valued as a game bird, found inthe northern
parts of Europe and America; -- called also gray duck.[Written also gaddwell.]
GAEKWAR,The title of the ruling Prince of Baroda, in Gujarat, inBombay, India.
GAEL,A Celt or the Celts of the Scotch Highlands or of Ireland; nowesp., a Scotch
Highlander of Celtic origin.
GAELIC,Of or pertaining to the Gael, esp. to the Celtic Highlanders ofScotland; as,
the Gaelic language.
GAFF,The spar upon which the upper edge of a fore-and-aft sail isextended.
GAFF-TOPSAIL,A small triangular sail having its foot extended upon the gaffand its
luff upon the topmast.
GAG LAW,A law or ruling prohibiting proper or free debate, as inclosure. [Colloq.
or Cant]
GAG-TOOTHED,Having gagteeth. [Obs.]
GAGATE,Agate. [Obs.] Fuller.
GAGE,A variety of plum; as, the greengage; also, the blue gage,frost gage, golden
gage, etc., having more or less likeness to thegreengage. See Greengage.
GAGER,A measurer. See Gauger.
GAGGER,A piece of iron imbedded in the sand of a mold to keep the sandin place.
GAGGLE,To make a noise like a goose; to cackle. Bacon.
GAGTOOTH,A projecting tooth. [Obs.]
GAHNITE,Zinc spinel; automolite.
GAIDIC,Pertaining to hypogeic acid; -- applied to an acid obtainedfrom hypogeic
acid.
GAIETY,Same as Gayety.
GAILER,A jailer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GAILLARD,Gay; brisk; merry; galliard. Chaucer.
GAILLIARDE,A lively French and Italian dance.
GAILY,Merrily; showily. See gaily.
GAIN,A square or beveled notch cut out of a girder, binding joist,or other timber
which supports a floor beam, so as to receive the endof the floor beam.
GAINABLE,Capable of being obtained or reached. Sherwood.
GAINER,One who gains. Shak.
GAINFUL,Profitable; advantageous; lucrative. "A gainful speculation."Macaulay.--
Gain"ful*ly, adv.-- Gain"ful*ness, n.
GAINGIVING,A misgiving. [Obs.]
GAINLESS,Not producing gain; unprofitable. Hammond.-- Gain"less/ness, n.
GAINLY,Handily; readily; dexterously; advantageously. [Obs.] Dr. H.More.
GAINPAIN,Bread-gainer; -- a term applied in the Middle Ages to the swordof a hired
soldier.
GAINSAY,To contradict; to deny; to controvert; to dispute; to forbid.I will give
you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries shallnot be able to gainsay nor
resist. Luke xxi. 15.The just gods gainsay That any drop thou borrow'dst from thy
mother,My sacred aunt, should by my mortal sword Be drained. Shak.
GAINSAYER,One who gainsays, contradicts, or denies. "To convince thegainsayers."
Tit. i. 9.
GAINSBOROUGH HAT,A woman's broad-brimmed hat of a form thought to resemble
thoseshown in portraits by Thomas Gainsborough, the English artist (1727-88).
GAINSOME,A contraction of Against.
GAINSTAND,To withstand; to resist. [Obs.]Durst . . . gainstand the force of so many
enraged desires. Sir P.Sidney.
GAINSTRIVE,To strive or struggle against; to withstand. [Obs.] Spenser.
GAIRFOWL,See Garefowl.
GAITED,Having (such) a gait; -- used in composition; as, slow-gaited;heavy-gaited.
GAITER,To dress with gaiters.
GALA,Pomp, show, or festivity. Macaulay. Gala day, a day of mirthand festivity; a
holiday.
GALACTA-GOGUE,An agent exciting secretion of milk.
GALACTODENSIMETER,Same as Galactometer.
GALACTOMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the quality of milk (i.e., itsrichness
in cream) by determining its specific gravity; a lactometer.
GALACTOPHAGIST,One who eats, or subsists on, milk.
GALACTOPHAGOUS,Feeding on milk.
GALACTOPHOROUS,Milk-carrying; lactiferous; -- applied to the ducts of
mammaryglands.
GALACTOPOIETIC,Increasing the flow of milk; milk-producing.-- n. A galactopoietic
substance.
GALACTOSE,A white, crystalline sugar, C6H12O6, isomeric with dextrose,obtained by
the decomposition of milk sugar, and also from certaingums. When oxidized it forms
mucic acid. Called also lactose (thoughit is not lactose proper).
GALAGE,See Galoche. Spenser.
GALAGO,A genus of African lemurs, including numerous species.
GALANTINE,A dish of veal, chickens, or other white meat, freed frombones, tied up,
boiled, and served cold. Smart.
GALAPEE TREE,The West Indian Sciadophyllum Brownei, a tree with very largedigitate
leaves.
GALATEA,A kind of striped cotton fabric, usually of superior qualityand striped
with blue or red on white.
GALATIAN,Of or pertaining to Galatia or its inhabitants.-- A native or inhabitant
of Galatia, in Asia Minor; a descendant ofthe Gauls who settled in Asia Minor.
GALAXY,The Milky Way; that luminous tract, or belt, which is seen atnight
stretching across the heavens, and which is composed ofinnumerable stars, so
distant and blended as to be distinguishableonly with the telescope. The term has
recently been used for remoteclusters of stars. Nichol.
GALBE,The general outward form of any solid object, as of a column ora vase.
GALE,To sale, or sail fast.
GALEA,The upper lip or helmet-shaped part of a labiate flower.
GALEAS,See Galleass.
GALEI,That division of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sharks.
GALENA,A remedy or antidose for poison; theriaca. [Obs.] Parr.
GALENISM,The doctrines of Galen.
GALENIST,A follower of Galen.
GALENITE,Galena; lead ore.
GALEOPITHECUS,A genus of flying Insectivora, formerly called flying lemurs.See
Colugo.
GALERICULATE,Covered as with a hat or cap. Smart.
GALERITE,A cretaceous fossil sea urchin of the genus Galerites.
GALICIAN,Of or pertaining to Galicia, in Spain, or to Galicia, thekingdom of
Austrian Poland.-- n.
GALILEAN,Of or pertaining to Galileo; as, the Galilean telescope. SeeTelescope.
GALILEE,A porch or waiting room, usually at the west end of an abbeychurch, where
the monks collected on returning from processions,where bodies were laid previous
to interment, and where women wereallowed to see the monks to whom they were
related, or to hear divineservice. Also, frequently applied to the porch of a
church, as at Elyand Durham cathedrals. Gwilt.
GALIMATIAS,Nonsense; gibberish; confused and unmeaning talk; confusedmixture.Her
dress, like her talk, is a galimatias of several countries.Walpole.
GALINGALE,A plant of the Sedge family (Cyperus longus) having aromaticroots; also,
any plant of the same genus. Chaucer.Meadow, set with slender galingale. Tennyson.
GALIPOT,An impure resin of turpentine, hardened on the outside of pinetrees by the
spontaneous evaporation of its essential oil. Whenpurified, it is called yellow
pitch, white pitch, or Burgundy pitch.
GALL,The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall bladder,beneath the
liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver, orbile, mixed with that of the
mucous membrane of the gall bladder.
GALLANT,Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous.
GALLANTLY,In a polite or courtly manner; like a gallant or wooer.
GALLANTNESS,The quality of being gallant.
GALLATE,A salt of gallic acid.
GALLATURE,The tread, treadle, or chalasa of an egg.
GALLEASS,A large galley, having some features of the galleon, asbroadside guns;
esp., such a vessel used by the southern nations ofEurope in the 16th and 17th
centuries. See Galleon, and Galley.[Written variously galeas, gallias, etc.]
GALLEIN,A red crystalline dyestuff, obtained by heating togetherpyrogallic and
phthalic acids.
GALLEON,A sailing vessel of the 15th and following centuries, oftenhaving three or
four decks, and used for war or commerce. The term isoften rather indiscriminately
applied to any large sailing vessel.The gallens . . . were huge, round-stemmed,
clumsy vessels, withbulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and
stern,like castels. Motley.
GALLEOT,See Galiot.
GALLERY,A frame, like a balcony, projecting from the stern or quarterof a ship, and
hence called stern galery or quarter gallry, -- seldomfound in vessels built since
1850.
GALLETYLE,A little tile of glazed earthenware. [Obs.] "The substance ofgalletyle."
Bacon.
GALLEY,A vessel propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails ornot; as:(a) A
large vessel for war and national purposes; -- common in theMiddle Ages, and down
to the 17th century.(b) A name given by analogy to the Greek, Roman, and other
ancientvessels propelled by oars.(c) A light, open boat used on the Thames by
customhouse officers,press gangs, and also for pleasure.(d) One of the small boats
carried by a man-of-war.
GALLEY-BIRD,The European green woodpecker; also, the spotted woodpecker.[Prov.
Eng.]
GALLEY-WORM,A chilognath myriapod of the genus Iulus, and allied genera,having
numerous short legs along the sides; a milliped or "thousandlegs." See Chilognatha.
GALLFLY,An insect that deposits its eggs in plants, and occasionsgalls, esp. any
small hymenopteran of the genus Cynips and alliedgenera. See Illust. of Gall.
GALLIAMBIC,Consisting of two iambic dimeters catalectic, the last of whichlacks the
final syllable; -- said of a kind of verse.
GALLIAN,Gallic; French. [Obs.] Shak.
GALLIARD,Gay; brisk; active. [Obs.]
GALLIARDISE,Excessive gayety; merriment. [Obs.]The mirth and galliardise of
company. Sir. T. Browne.
GALLIARDNESS,Gayety. [Obs.] Gayton.
GALLIASS,Same as Galleass.
GALLIC,Pertaining to, or containing, gallium.
GALLICAN,Of or pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallic; French; as, theGallican church
or clergy.
GALLICANISM,The principles, tendencies, or action of those, within theRoman
Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought torestrict the papal authority
in that country and increase the powerof the national church. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
GALLICISM,A mode of speech peculiar to the French; a French idiom; also,in general,
a French mode or custom.
GALLICIZE,To conform to the French mode or idiom.
GALLIED,Worried; flurried; frightened. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
GALLIFORM,Like the Gallinae (or Galliformes) in structure.
GALLIGASKINS,Loose hose or breeches; leather leg quards. The word is usedloosely
and often in a jocose sense.
GALLIMATIA,Senseless talk. [Obs. or R.] See Galimatias.
GALLIN,A substance obtained by the reduction of galleïn.
GALLINACEAE,Same as Gallinae.
GALLINACEAN,One of the Gallinae or gallinaceous birds.
GALLINACEOUS,Resembling the domestic fowls and pheasants; of or pertainingto the
Gallinae.
GALLINAE,An order of birds, including the common domestic fowls,pheasants, grouse,
quails, and allied forms; -- sometimes calledRasores.
GALLING,Fitted to gall or chafe; vexing; harassing; irritating.-- Gall"ing*ly, adv.
GALLINIPPER,A large mosquito.
GALLINULE,One of several wading birds, having long, webless toes, and afrontal
shield, belonging to the family Rallidae. They are remarkablefor running rapidly
over marshes and on floating plants. The purplegallinule of America is Ionornis
Martinica, that of the Old World isPorphyrio porphyrio. The common European
gallinule (Gallinulachloropus) is also called moor hen, water hen, water rail, moor
coot,night bird, and erroneously dabchick. Closely related to it is theFlorida
gallinule (Gallinula galeata).
GALLIOT,See Galiot.
GALLIPOLI OIL,An inferior kind of olive oil, brought from Gallipoli, inItaly.
GALLIPOT,A glazed earthen pot or vessel, used by druggists andapothecaries for
containing medicines, etc.
GALLIUM,A rare metallic element, found in certain zinc ores. It iswhite, hard, and
malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarcable forits low melting point (86
GALLIVANT,To play the beau; to wait upon the ladies; also, to roam aboutfor
pleasure without any definite plan. [Slang] Dickens.
GALLIVAT,A small armed vessel, with sails and oars, -- used on theMalabar coast. A.
Chalmers.
GALLIWASP,A West Indian lizard (Celestus occiduus), about a foot long,imagined by
the natives to be venomous.
GALLIZE,In wine making, to add water and sugar to (unfermented grapejuice) so as to
increase the quantity of wine produced. --Gal`li*za"tion (#), n.
GALLNUT,A round gall produced on the leaves and shoots of variousspecies of the oak
tree. See Gall, and Nutgall.
GALLOMANIA,An excessive admiration of what is French.-- Gal`lo*ma"ni*ac, n.
GALLON,A measure of capacity, containing four quarts; -- used, for themost part, in
liquid measure, but sometimes in dry measure.
GALLOONED,Furnished or adorned with galloon.
GALLOP,To cause to gallop.
GALLOPER,A carriage on which very small guns were formerly mounted, thegun resting
on the shafts, without a limber. Farrow. Galloper gun, alight gun, supported on a
galloper, -- formerly attached to Britishinfantry regiments.
GALLOPIN,An under servant for the kitchen; a scullion; a cook's errandboy. [Obs.]
Halliwell.
GALLOPING,Going at a gallop; progressing rapidly; as, a galloping horse.
GALLOTANNIC,Pertaining to the tannin or nutgalls. Gallotannic acid. SeeTannic acid,
under Tannic.
GALLOW,To fright or terrify. See Gally, v. t. [Obs.] Shak.
GALLOWAY,A small horse of a breed raised at Galloway, Scotland; --called also
garran, and garron.
GALLOWGLASS,A heavy-armed foot soldier from Ireland and the Western Islesin the
time of Edward Shak.
GALLOWS,The rest for the tympan when raised.
GALLSTONE,A concretion, or calculus, formed in the gall bladder orbiliary passages.
See Calculus, n., 1.
GALLY,To frighten; to worry. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] T. Brown.
GALLYGASKINS,See Galligaskins.
GALOOT,A noisy, swaggering, or worthless fellow; a rowdy. [Slang, U.S.]
GALOP,A kind of lively dance, in 2-4 time; also, the music to thedance.
GALORE,Plenty; abundance; in abundance.
GALOSHE,Same as Galoche.
GALPE,To gape,; to yawn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GALSOME,Angry; malignant. [Obs.] Bp. Morton.
GALT,Same as Gault.
GALVANIC,Of or pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, galvanism;employing
or producing electrical currents. Galvanic battery (Elec.),an apparatus for
generating electrical currents by the mutual actionof certain liquids and metals;
-- now usually called voltaic battery.See Battery.-- Galvanic circuit or circle.
(Elec.) See under Circuit.-- Galvanic pile (Elec.), the voltaic pile. See under
Voltaic.
GALVANIST,One versed in galvanism.
GALVANIZATION,The act of process of galvanizing.
GALVANIZER,One who, or that which, galvanize.
GALVANOCAUSTIC,Relating to the use of galvanic heat as a caustic, especiallyin
medicine.
GALVANOCAUTERY,Cautery effected by a knife or needle heated by the passage ofa
galvanic current.
GALVANOGLYPHY,Same as Glyphography.
GALVANOGRAPH,A copperplate produced by the method of galvanography; also, apicture
printed from such a plate.
GALVANOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to galvanography.
GALVANOLOGIST,One who describes the phenomena of galvanism; a writer ongalvanism.
GALVANOLOGY,A treatise on galvanism, or a description of its phenomena.
GALVANOMETER,An instrument or apparatus for measuring the intensity of anelectric
current, usually by the deflection of a magnetic needle.Differential galvanometer.
See under Differental, a.-- Sine galvanometer, Cosine galvanometer, Tangent
galvanometer(Elec.), a galvanometer in which the sine, cosine, or
tangentrespectively, of the angle through which the needle is deflected,
isproportional to the strength of the current passed through theinstrument.
GALVANOMETRIC,Of, pertaining to, or measured by, a galvanometer.
GALVANOMETRY,The art or process of measuring the force of electric currents.
GALVANOPLASTIC,Of or pertaining to the art or process of electrotyping;employing,
or produced by, the process of electolytic deposition; as,a galvano-plastic copy of
a medal or the like.
GALVANOPLASTY,The art or process of electrotypy.
GALVANOPUNCTURE,Same as Electro-puncture.
GALVANOSCOPE,An instrument or apparatus for detecting the presence ofelectrical
currents, especially such as are of feeble intensity.
GALVANOSCOPIC,Of or pertaining to a galvanoscope.
GALVANOSCOPY,The use of galvanism in physiological experiments.
GALVANOTONUS,Same as Electrotonus.
GALVANOTROPISM,The tendency of a root to place its axis in the line of agalvanic
current.
GALWES,Gallows. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GAM,To have a gam with; to pay a visit to, esp. among whalers atsea.
GAMA GRASS,A species of grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) tall, stout, andexceedingly
productive; cultivated in the West Indies, Mexico, andthe Southern States of North
America as a forage grass; -- calledalso sesame grass.
GAMASHES,High boots or buskins; in Scotland, short spatterdashes orriding trousers,
worn over the other clothing.
GAMBA,A viola da gamba.
GAMBADOES,Same as Gamashes.His thin legs tenanted a pair of gambadoes fastened at
the side withrusty clasps. Sir W. Scott.
GAMBEER,To gaff, as mackerel.
GAMBESON,Same as Gambison.
GAMBET,Any bird of the genuis Totanus. See Tattler.
GAMBISON,A defensive garment formerly in use for the body, made of clothstuffed and
quilted.
GAMBIST,A performer upon the viola di gamba. See under Viola.
GAMBIT,A mode of opening the game, in which a pawn is sacrificed togain an
attacking position.
GAMBLE,To play or game for money or other stake.
GAMBLER,One who gambles.
GAMBOGE,A concrete juice, or gum resin, produced by several species oftrees in
Siam, Ceylon, and Malabar. It is brought in masses, orcylindrical rolls, from
Cambodia, or Cambogia, -- whence its name.The best kind is of a dense, compact
texture, and of a beatifulreddish yellow. Taking internally, it is a strong and
harsh catharticad emetic. [Written also camboge.]
GAMBOL,A skipping or leaping about in frolic; a hop; a sportive prank.Dryden.
GAMBREL,To truss or hang up by means of a gambrel. Beau. & Fl.
GAMBROON,A kind of twilled linen cloth for lining. Simmonds.
GAME FOWL,A handsome breed of the common fowl, remarkable for the greatcourage and
pugnacity of the males.
GAME,Crooked; lame; as, a game leg. [Colloq.]
GAMECOCK,The male game fowl.
GAMEFUL,Full of game or games.
GAMEKEEPER,One who has the care of game, especially in a park or
preserve.Blackstone.
GAMELESS,Destitute of game.
GAMELY,In a plucky manner; spiritedly.
GAMENESS,Endurance; pluck.
GAMESOME,Gay; sportive; playful; frolicsome; merry. Shak.Gladness of the gamesome
crowd. Byron.-- Game"some*ly, adv.-- Game"some*ness, n.
GAMETE,A sexual cell or germ cell; a conjugating cell which uniteswith another of
like or unlike character to form a new individual. InBot., gamete designates esp.
the similar sex cells of the lowerthallophytes which unite by conjugation, forming
a zygospore. Thegametes of higher plants are of two sorts, sperm (male) and
egg(female); their union is called fertilization, and the resultingzygote an
oöspore. In Zoöl., gamete is most commonly used of thesexual cells of certain
Protozoa, though also extended to the germcells of higher forms.
GAMETOPHYTE,In the alternation of generations in plants, that generation orphase
which bears sex organs. In the lower plants, as the algæ, thegametophyte is the
conspicuous part of the plant body; in mosses itis the so-called moss plant; in
ferns it is reduced to a small, earlyperishing body; and in seed plants it is
usually microscopic orrudimentary.
GAMIC,Pertaining to, or resulting from, sexual connection; formed bythe union of
the male and female elements.
GAMIN,A neglected and untrained city boy; a young street Arab.In Japan, the gamins
run after you, and say, 'Look at the Chinaman.'L. Oliphant.
GAMING,The act or practice of playing games for stakes or wagers;gambling.
GAMMA RAYS,Very penetrating rays not appreciably deflected by a magneticor electric
field, emitted by radioactive substances. The prevailingview is that they are non-
periodic ether pulses differing fromRöntgen rays only in being more penetrating.
GAMMA,The third letter (G) of the Greek alphabet.
GAMMADION,A cross formed of four capital gammas, formerly used as amysterious
ornament on ecclesiastical vestments, etc. See Fylfot.
GAMMER,An old wife; an old woman; -- correlative of gaffer, an oldman.
GAMMON,The buttock or tight of a hog, salted and smoked or dried; thelower end of a
flitch. Goldsmith.
GAMMONING,The lashing or iron band by which the bowsprit of a vessel issecured to
the stem to opposite the lifting action of the forestays.Gammoning fashion, in the
style of gammoning lashing, that is, havingthe turns of rope crossed.-- Gammoning
hole (Naut.), a hole cut through the knee of the headof a vessel for the purpose of
gammoning the bowsprit.
GAMOGENESIS,The production of offspring by the union of parents ofdifferent sexes;
sexual reproduction; -- the opposite ofagamogenesis.
GAMOGENETIC,Relating to gamogenesis.-- Gam`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
GAMOMORPHISM,That stage of growth or development in an organism, in whichthe
reproductive elements are generated and matured in preparationfor propagating the
species.
GAMOPETALOUS,Having the petals united or joined so as to form a tube or
cup;monopetalous.
GAMOPHYLLOUS,Composed of leaves united by their edges (coalescent). Gray.
GAMOSEPALOUS,Formed of united sepals; monosepalous.
GAMP,A large umbrella; --said to allude to Mrs. Gamp's umbrella, inDickens's
"Martin Chuzzlewit."
GAMUT,The scale.
GAMY,Having the flavor of game, esp. of game kept uncooked till nearthe condition
of tainting; high-flavored.
GAN,Began; commenced.
GANANCIAL,Designating, pertaining to, or held under, the Spanish systemof law
(called ganancial system) which controls the title anddisposition of the property
acquired during marriage by the husbandor wife.
GANCH,To drop from a high place upon sharp stakes or hooks, as theTurks dropped
malefactors, by way of punishment.Ganching, which is to let fall from on high upon
hooks, and there tohang until they die. Sandys.
GANDER,The male of any species of goose.
GANE,To yawn; to gape. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GANESA,The Hindoo god of wisdom or prudence.
GANG,To go; to walk.
GANG-FLOWER,The common English milkwort (Polygala vulgaris), so called
fromblossoming in gang week. Dr. Prior.
GANGER,One who oversees a gang of workmen. [R.] Mayhew.
GANGETIC,Pertaining to, or inhabiting, the Ganges; as, the Gangeticshark.
GANGION,A short line attached to a trawl. See Trawl, n.
GANGLION,A globular, hard, indolent tumor, situated somewhere on atendon, and
commonly formed by the effusion of a viscid fluid intoit; -- called also weeping
sinew. Ganglion cell, a nerve cell. SeeIllust. under Bipolar.
GANGLIONARY,Ganglionic.
GANGLIONIC,Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, ganglia organglion cells;
as, a ganglionic artery; the ganglionic columns ofthe spinal cord.
GANGREL,Wandering; vagrant. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
GANGRENATE,To gangrene. [Obs.]
GANGRENE,A term formerly restricted to mortification of the soft tissueswhich has
not advanced so far as to produce complete loss ofvitality; but now applied to
mortification of the soft parts in anystage.
GANGRENESCENT,Tending to mortification or gangrene.
GANGRENOUS,Affected by, or produced by, gangrene; of the nature ofgangrene.
GANGUE,The mineral or earthy substance associated with metallic ore.
GANGWAY,The opening through the bulwarks of a vessel by which personsenter or leave
it.
GANIL,A kind of brittle limestone. [Prov. Eng.] Kirwan.
GANJA,The dried hemp plant, used in India for smoking. It isextremely narcotic and
intoxicating.
GANNET,One of several species of sea birds of the genus Sula, alliedto the
pelicans.
GANOCEPHALA,A group of fossil amphibians allied to the labyrinthodonts,having the
head defended by bony, sculptured plates, as in someganoid fishes.
GANOCEPHALOUS,Of or pertaining to the Ganocephala.
GANOID,Of or pertaining to Ganoidei.-- n. One of the Ganoidei. Ganoid scale
(Zoöl.), one kind of scalesof the ganoid fishes, composed of an inner layer of
bone, and anouter layer of shining enamel. They are often so arranged as to forma
coat of mail.
GANOIDAL,Ganoid.
GANOIDEI,One of the subclasses of fishes. They have an arterial cone andbulb,
spiral intestinal valve, and the optic nerves united by achiasma. Many of the
species are covered with bony plates, or withganoid scales; others have cycloid
scales.
GANOIDIAN,Ganoid.
GANOINE,A peculiar bony tissue beneath the enamel of a ganoid scale.
GANSA,Same as Ganza. Bp. Hall.
GANTLET,A military punishment formerly in use, wherein the offender wasmade to run
between two files of men facing one another, who struckhim as he passed. To run the
gantlet, to suffer the punishment of thegantlet; hence, to go through the ordeal of
severe criticism orcontroversy, or ill-treatment at many hands.Winthrop ran the
gantlet of daily slights. Palfrey.
GANTLINE,A line rigged to a mast; -- used in hoisting rigging; agirtline.
GANTLOPE,See Gantlet. [Obs.]
GANTRY,See Gauntree.
GANZ SYSTEM,A haulage system for canal boats, in which an electriclocomotive
running on a monorail has its adhesion materiallyincreased by the pull of the tow
rope on a series of inclinedgripping wheels.
GANZA,A kind of wild goose, by a flock of which a virtuoso was fabledto be carried
to the lunar world. [Also gansa.] Johnson.
GAOL,A place of confinement, especially for minor offenses orprovisional
imprisonment; a jail. [Preferably, and in the UnitedStates usually, written jail.]
Commission of general gaol delivery,an authority conferred upon judges and others
included in it, fortrying and delivering every prisoner in jail when the judges,
upontheir circuit, arrive at the place for holding court, and fordischarging any
whom the grand jury fail to indict. [Eng.] -- Gaoldelivery. (Law) See Jail
delivery, under Jail.
GAOLER,The keeper of a jail. See Jailer.
GAP,An opening in anything made by breaking or parting; as, a gapin a fence; an
opening for a passage or entrance; an opening whichimplies a breach or defect; a
vacant space or time; a hiatus; amountain pass.Miseries ensued by the opening of
that gap. Knolles.It would make a great gap in your own honor. Shak.Gap lathe
(Mach.), a turning lathe with a deep notch in the bed toadmit of turning a short
object of large diameter.-- To stand in the gap, to expose one's self for the
protection ofsomething; to make defense against any assailing danger; to take
theplace of a fallen defender or supporter.-- To stop a gap, to secure a weak
point; to repair a defect.
GAP-TOOTHED,Having interstices between the teeth. Dryden.
GAPE,The width of the mouth when opened, as of birds, fishes, etc.GAPES; THE
GAPESThe gapes.(a) A fit of yawning.(b) A disease of young poultry and other birds,
attended with muchgaping. It is caused by a parasitic nematode worm
(Syngamustrachealis), in the windpipe, which obstructs the breathing. SeeGapeworm.
GAPESEED,Any strange sight. Wright.
GAPESING,Act of gazing about; sightseeing. [Prov. Eng.]
GAPEWORM,The parasitic worm that causes the gapes in birds. SeeIllustration in
Appendix.
GAPINGSTOCK,One who is an object of open-mouthed wonder.I was to be a gapingstock
and a scorn to the young volunteers.Godwin.
GAR,To cause; to make. [Obs. or Scot.] Spenser.
GARAGE,To keep in a garage. [Colloq.]
GARANCIN,An extract of madder by sulphuric acid. It consists essentiallyof
alizarin.
GARB,A sheaf of grain (wheat, unless otherwise specified).
GARBAGE,Offal, as the bowels of an animal or fish; refuse animal orvegetable matter
from a kitchen; hence, anything worthless,disgusting, or loathsome. Grainger.
GARBED,Dressed; habited; clad.
GARBEL,Same as Garboard.
GARBLE,Impurities separated from spices, drugs, etc.; -- also calledgarblings.
GARBLER,One who garbles.
GARBOARD,One of the planks next the keel on the outside, which form agarboard
strake. Garboard strake or streak, the first range or strakeof planks laid on a
ship's bottom next the keel. Totten.
GARBOIL,Tumult; disturbance; disorder. [Obs.] Shak.
GARCINIA,A genus of plants, including the mangosteen tree (GarciniaMangostana),
found in the islands of the Indian Archipelago; -- socalled in honor of Dr. Garcin.
GARCON,A boy; fellow; esp., a serving boy or man; a waiter; -- in Eng.chiefly
applied to French waiters.
GARD,Garden. [Obs.] "Trees of the gard." F. Beaumont.
GARDANT,Turning the head towards the spectator, but not the body; --said of a lion
or other beast.
GARDE CIVIQUE,See Army organization, above.
GARDEN,To lay out or cultivate a garden; to labor in a garden; topractice
horticulture.
GARDENER,One who makes and tends a garden; a horticulturist.
GARDENIA,A genus of plants, some species of which produce beautiful andfragrant
flowers; Cape jasmine; -- so called in honor of Dr.Alexander Garden.
GARDENING,The art of occupation of laying out and cultivating gardens;horticulture.
GARDENLESS,Destitute of a garden. Shelley.
GARDENLY,Like a garden. [R.] W. Marshall.
GARDENSHIP,Horticulture. [Obs.]
GARDON,A European cyprinoid fish; the id.
GARDYLOO,An old cry in throwing water, slops, etc., from the windows inEdingburgh.
Sir. W. Scott.
GARE,Coarse wool on the legs of sheep. Blount.
GAREFOWL,The great auk; also, the razorbill. See Auk. [Written alsogairfowl, and
gurfel.]
GARGALIZE,To gargle; to rinse. [Obs.] Marston.
GARGANEY,A small European duck (Anas querquedula); -- called alsocricket teal, and
summer teal.
GARGANTUAN,Characteristic of Gargantua, a gigantic, wonderful personage;enormous;
prodigious; inordinate.
GARGARISM,A gargle.
GARGARIZE,To gargle; to rinse or wash, as the mouth and throat. [Obs.]Bacon.
GARGET,See Poke.
GARGIL,A distemper in geese, affecting the head.
GARGLE,See Gargoyle.
GARGOL,A distemper in swine; garget. Mortimer.
GARGOULETTE,A water cooler or jug with a handle and spout; a gurglet.Mollett.
GARGOYLE,A spout projecting from the roof gutter of a building, oftencarved
grotesquely. [Written also gargle, gargyle, and gurgoyle.]
GARGYLE,See Gargoyle.
GARIBALDI,A California market fish (Pomancentrus rubicundus) of a deepscarlet
color.
GARLAND,To deck with a garland. B. Jonson.
GARLANDLESS,Destitute of a garland. Shelley.
GARLIC,A plant of the genus Allium (A. sativum is the cultivatedvariety), having a
bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid,pungent taste. Each root is
composed of several lesser bulbs, calledcloves of garlic, inclosed in a common
membranous coat, and easilyseparable.
GARLICKY,Like or containing garlic.
GARMENT,Any article of clothing, as a coat, a gown, etc.No man putteth a piece of
new cloth unto old garment. Matt. ix. 16.
GARMENTED,Having on a garment; attired; enveloped, as with a garment.[Poetic]A
lovely lady garmented in light From her own beauty. Shelley.
GARMENTURE,Clothing; dress.
GARNER,A granary; a building or place where grain is stored forpreservation.
GARNET,A mineral having many varieties differing in color and in theirconstituents,
but with the same crystallization (isometric), andconforming to the same general
chemical formula. The commonest coloris red, the luster is vitreous, and the
hardness greater than that ofquartz. The dodecahedron and trapezohedron are the
common forms.
GARNETIFEROUS,Containing garnets.
GARNIERITE,An amorphous mineral of apple-green color; a hydrous silicateof nickel
and magnesia. It is an important ore of nickel.
GARNISH,To ornament, as a dish, with something laid about it; as, adish garnished
with parsley.
GARNISHEE,One who is garnished; a person upon whom garnishment has beenserved in a
suit by a creditor against a debtor, such person holdingproperty belonging to the
debtor, or owing him money.
GARNISHER,One who, or that which, garnishes.
GARNITURE,That which garnishes; ornamental appendage; embellishment;furniture;
dress.The pomp of groves and garniture of fields. Beattie.
GAROOKUH,A small fishing vessel met with in the Persian Gulf.
GAROUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, garum. Sir T. Browne.
GARRAN,See Galloway. [Scot. garron or gerron. Jamieson.]
GARRETED,Protected by turrets. [Obs.] R. Carew.
GARRETEER,One who lives in a garret; a poor author; a literary hack.Macaulay.
GARRETING,Small splinters of stone inserted into the joints of coarsemasonry.
Weale.
GARRON,Same as Garran. [Scot.]
GARROT,A stick or small wooden cylinder used for tightening a bandage,in order to
compress the arteries of a limb.
GARROTE,A Spanish mode of execution by strangulation, with an ironcollar affixed to
a post and tightened by a screw until life becomeextinct; also, the instrument by
means of which the punishment isinflicted.
GARROTER,One who seizes a person by the throat from behind, with a viewto strangle
and rob him.
GARRULITY,Talkativeness; loquacity.
GARRULOUS,Having a loud, harsh note; noisy; -- said of birds; as, thegarrulous
roller.
GARRUPA,One of several species of California market fishes, of thegenus
Sebastichthys; -- called also rockfish. See Rockfish.
GARTER STITCH,The simplest stitch in knitting.
GARTER,Same as Bendlet. Garter fish (Zoöl.), a fish of the genusLepidopus, having a
long, flat body, like the blade of a sword; thescabbard fish.-- Garter king-at-
arms, the chief of the official heralds ofEngland, king-at-arms to the Order of the
Garter; -- oftenabbreviated to Garter.-- Garter snake (Zoöl.), one of several
harmless American snakes ofthe genus Eutænia, of several species (esp. E. saurita
and E.sirtalis); one of the striped snakes; -- so called from itsconspicuous
stripes of color.
GARTH,A hoop or band. [Prov. Eng.]
GARUM,A sauce made of small fish. It was prized by the ancients.
GARVIE,The spart; -- called also garvie herring, and garvock. [Prov.Eng. & Scot.]
GAS ENGINE,A kind of internal-combustion engine (which see) using fixedgas; also,
broadly, any internal-combustion engine.
GAS-BURNER,The jet piece of a gas fixture where the gas is burned as itescapes from
one or more minute orifices.
GASALIER,A chandelier arranged to burn gas.
GASCOINES,See Gaskins, 1. Lyly.
GASCON,Of or pertaining to Gascony, in France, or to the Gascons;also, braggart;
swaggering.-- n.
GASCONADE,A boast or boasting; a vaunt; a bravado; a bragging;braggodocio. Swift.
GASCONADER,A great boaster; a blusterer.
GASCOYNES,Gaskins. Beau & Fl.
GASEITY,State of being gaseous. [R] Eng. Cyc.
GASELIER,A chandelier arranged to burn gas.
GASH,To make a gash, or long, deep incision in; -- applied chieflyto incisions in
flesh.Grievously gashed or gored to death. Hayward.
GASHFUL,Full of gashes; hideous; frightful. [Obs.] "A gashful, horrid,ugly shape."
Gayton.
GASIFICATION,The act or process of converting into gas.
GASIFORM,Having a form of gas; gaseous.
GASIFY,To convert into gas, or an aëriform fluid, as by theapplication of heat, or
by chemical processes.
GASKET,A line or band used to lash a furled sail securely. Sea gasketsare common
lines; harbor gaskets are plaited and decorated lines orbands. Called also casket.
GASOLENE,See Gasoline.
GASOLIER,Same as Gasalier.
GASOLINE,A highly volatile mixture of fluid hydrocarbons, obtained frompetroleum,
as also by the distillation of bituminous coal. It is usedin making air gas, and in
giving illuminating power to water gas. SeeCarburetor.
GASOMETER,An apparatus for holding and measuring of gas; in gas works, ahuge iron
cylinder closed at one end and having the other endimmersed in water, in which it
is made to rise or fall, according tothe volume of gas it contains, or the pressure
required.
GASOMETRY,The art or practice of measuring gases; also, the science whichtreats of
the nature and properties of these elastic fluids. Coxe.
GASOSCOPE,An apparatus for detecting the presence of any dangerous gas,from a gas
leak in a coal mine or a dwelling house.
GASP,To emit or utter with gasps; -- with forth, out, away, etc.And with short sobs
he gasps away his breath. Dryden.
GASPEREAU,The alewife. [Local, Canada]
GASSERIAN,Relating to Casserio (L. Gasserius), the discover of theGasserian
ganglion. Gasserian ganglion (Anat.), a large ganglion, atthe root of the
trigeminal, or fifth cranial, nerve.
GASSING,The process of passing cotton goods between two rollers andexposing them to
numerous minute jets of gas to burn off the smallfibers; any similar process of
singeing.
GASSY,Full of gas; like gas. Hence: [Colloq.] Inflated; full ofboastful or
insincere talk.
GAST,To make aghast; to frighten; to terrify. See Aghast. [Obs.]Chaucer. Shak.
GASTER,To gast. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
GASTEROMYCETES,An order of fungi, in which the spores are borne inside a saccalled
the peridium, as in the puffballs.
GASTEROPOD,Same as Gastropod.
GASTEROPODA,Same as Gastropoda.
GASTEROPODOUS,Same as Gastropodous.
GASTIGHT,So tightly fitted as to preclude the escape of gas; imperviousto gas.
GASTNESS,See Ghastness. [Obs.]
GASTORNIS,A genus of large eocene birds from the Paris basin.
GASTRAEA,A primeval larval form; a double-walled sac from which,according to the
hypothesis of Haeckel, man and all other animals,that in the first stages of their
individual evolution pass through atwo-layered structural stage, or gastrula form,
must have descended.This idea constitutes the Gastræa theory of Haeckel. See
Gastrula.
GASTRALGIA,Pain in the stomach or epigastrium, as in gastric disorders.
GASTRIC,Of, pertaining to, or situated near, the stomach; as, thegastric artery.
Gastric digestion (Physiol.), the conversion of thealbuminous portion of food in
the stomach into soluble and diffusibleproducts by the solvent action of gastric
juice.-- Gastric fever (Med.), a fever attended with prominent gastricsymptoms; --
a name applied to certain forms of typhoid fever; also,to catarrhal inflammation of
the stomach attended with fever.-- Gastric juice (Physiol.), a thin, watery fluid,
with an acidreaction, secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in themucous
membrane of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilutehydrochloric acid and the
ferment pepsin. It is the most importantdigestive fluid in the body, but acts only
on proteid foods.-- Gastric remittent fever (Med.), a form of remittent fever
withpronounced stomach symptoms.
GASTRILOQUIST,One who appears to speak from his stomach; a ventriloquist.
GASTRILOQUOUS,Ventriloquous. [R.]
GASTRILOQUY,A voice or utterance which appears to proceed from the
stomach;ventriloquy.
GASTRITIS,Inflammation of the stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.
GASTRO-,A combining form from the Gr. gastrocolic, gastrocele,gastrotomy.
GASTROCNEMIUS,The muscle which makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.
GASTROCOLIC,Pertaining to both the stomach and the colon; as, thegastrocolic, or
great, omentum.
GASTRODISC,That part of blastoderm where the hypoblast appears like asmall disk on
the inner face of the epibladst.
GASTRODUODENAL,Pertaining to the stomach and duodenum; as, the
gastroduodenalartery.
GASTRODUODENITIS,Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the
mostfrequent causes of jaundice.
GASTROELYTROTOMY,The operation of cutting into the upper part of the vagina,through
the abdomen (without opening the peritoneum), for the purposeof removing a fetus.
It is a substitute for the Cæsarean operation,and less dangerous.
GASTROENTERIC,Gastrointestinal.
GASTROENTERITIS,Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and
theintestines.
GASTROEPIPLOIC,Of or pertaining to the stomach and omentum.
GASTROHEPATIC,Pertaining to the stomach and liver; hepatogastric; as,
thegastrohepatic, or lesser, omentum.
GASTROHYSTEROTOMY,Cæsarean section. See under Cæsarean.
GASTROINTESTINAL,Of or pertaining to the stomach and intestines; gastroenteric.
GASTROLITH,See Crab's eyes, under Crab.
GASTROLOGY,The science which treats of the structure and functions of thestomach; a
treatise of the stomach.
GASTROMALACIA,A softening of the coats of the stomach; -- usually a post-morten
change.
GASTROMYCES,The fungoid growths sometimes found in the stomach; such asTorula, etc.
GASTROMYTH,One whose voice appears to proceed from the stomach; aventriloquist.
[Obs.]
GASTRONOMIST,A gastromomer.
GASTRONOMY,The art or science of good eating; epicurism; the art of goodcheer.
GASTROPHRENIC,Pertaining to the stomach and diaphragm; as, the
gastrophrenicligament.
GASTROPNEUMATIC,Pertaining to the alimentary canal and air passages, and to
thecavities connected with them; as, the gastropneumatic mucuosmembranes.
GASTROPOD,One of the Gastropoda. [Written also gasteropod.]
GASTROPODA,One of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includesmost of the
marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh-watersnails. They generally creep by
means of a flat, muscular disk, orfoot, on the ventral side of the body. The head
usually bears one ortwo pairs of tentacles. See Mollusca. [Written also
Gasteropoda.]
GASTROPODOUS,Of or pertaining to the Gastropoda.
GASTRORAPHY,The operation of sewing up wounds of the abdomen. Quincy.
GASTROSCOPE,An instrument for viewing or examining the interior of thestomach.
GASTROSCOPIC,Of or pertaining to gastroscopy.
GASTROSCOPY,Examination of the abdomen or stomach, as with the gastroscope.
GASTROSPLENIC,Pertaining to the stomach and spleen; as, the gastrosplenicligament.
GASTROSTEGE,One of the large scales on the belly of a serpent.
GASTROSTOMY,The operation of making a permanent opening into the stomach,for the
introduction of food.
GASTROTOMY,A cutting into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.
GASTROTRICHA,A group of small wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventralside.
The group is regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, relatedto rotifers and
annelids.
GASTROTROCHA,A form of annelid larva having cilia on the ventral side.
GASTROVASCULAR,Having the structure, or performing the functions, both ofdigestive
and circulatory organs; as, the gastrovascular cavity ofcoelenterates.
GASTRULA,An embryonic form having its origin in the invagination orpushing in of
the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere)on one side, thus giving rise
to a double-walled sac, with oneopening or mouth (the blastopore) which leads into
the cavity (thearchenteron) lined by the inner wall (the hypoblast). See
Illust.under Invagination. In a more general sense, an ideal stage inembryonic
development. See Gastræa.-- a.
GASTRULATION,The process of invagination, in embryonic development, by whicha
gastrula is formed.
GASTRURA,See Stomatopoda.
GASTRUROUS,Pertaining to the Gastrura.
GAT,imp. of Get. [Obs.]
GAT-TOOTHED,Goat-toothed; having a lickerish tooth; lustful; wanton. [Obs.]
GATCH,Plaster as used in Persian architecture and decorative art.
GATE,The places which command the entrances or access; hence, placeof vantage;
power; might.The gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Matt. xvi. 18.
GATED,Having gates. Young.
GATEHOUSE,A house connected or associated with a gate.
GATELESS,Having no gate.
GATEMAN,A gate keeper; a gate tender.
GATEWAY,A passage through a fence or wall; a gate; also, a frame, arch,etc., in
which a gate in hung, or a structure at an entrance or gatedesigned for ornament or
defense.
GATEWISE,In the manner of a gate.Three circles of stones set up gatewise. Fuller.
GATHER,To bring together, or nearer together, in masonry, as where thewidth of a
fireplace is rapidly diminished to the width of the flue,or the like.
GATHERABLE,Capable of being gathered or collected; deducible frompremises. [R.]
Godwin.
GATHERER,An attachment for making gathers in the cloth.
GATHERING,Assembling; collecting; used for gathering or concentrating.Gathering
board (Bookbinding), a table or board on which signaturesare gathered or assembled,
to form a book. Knight.-- Gathering coal, a lighted coal left smothered in embers
overnight, about which kindling wood is gathered in the morning.-- Gathering hoop,
a hoop used by coopers to draw together the endsof barrel staves, to allow the
hoops to be slipped over them.-- Gathering peat. (a) A piece of peat used as a
gathering coal, topreserve a fire. (b) In Scotland, a fiery peat which was sent
roundby the Borderers as an alarm signal, as the fiery cross was by theHighlanders.
GATLING GUN,An American machine gun, consisting of a cluster of barrelswhich, being
revolved by a crank, are automatically loaded and fired.
GATTEN TREE,A name given to the small trees called guelder-rose (ViburnumOpulus),
cornel (Cornus sanguinea), and spindle tree (EuonymusEuropæus).
GAUCHE,Winding; twisted; warped; -- applied to curves and surfaces.
GAUCHERIE,An awkward action; clumsiness; boorishness.
GAUCHO,On of the native inhabitants of the pampas, of Spanish-Americandescent. They
live mostly by rearing cattle.
GAUD,To sport or keep festival. [Obs.] "Gauding with his familiars." [Obs.] Sir T.
North.
GAUD-DAY,See Gaudy, a feast.
GAUDERY,Finery; ornaments; ostentatious display. [R.] "Tarnishedgaudery." Dryden.
GAUDFUL,Joyful; showy. [Obs.]
GAUDILY,In a gaudy manner. Guthrie.
GAUDINESS,The quality of being gaudy. Whitlock.
GAUDISH,Gaudy. "Gaudish ceremonies." Bale.
GAUDLESS,Destitute of ornament. [R.]
GAUDY,One of the large beads in the rosary at which the paternosteris recited.
[Obs.] Gower.
GAUDYGREEN,Light green. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
GAUFFER,To plait, crimp, or flute; to goffer, as lace. See Goffer.
GAUFFERING,A mode of plaiting or fluting. Gauffering iron, a kind offluting iron
for fabrics.-- Gauffering press (Flower Manuf.), a press for crimping the leavesand
petals into shape.
GAUFFRE,A gopher, esp. the pocket gopher.
GAUGE,To measure the dimensions of, or to test the accuracy of theform of, as of a
part of a gunlock.The vanes nicely gauged on each side. Derham.
GAUGEABLE,Capable of being gauged.
GAUGED,Tested or measured by, or conformed to, a gauge. Gauged brick,brick molded,
rubbed, or cut to an exact size and shape, for archesor ornamental work.-- Gauged
mortar. See Gauge stuff, under Gauge, n.
GAUGER,One who gauges; an officer whose business it is to ascertainthe contents of
casks.
GAUGER-SHIP,The office of a gauger.
GAUGING ROD,See Gauge rod, under Gauge, n.
GAULISH,Pertaining to ancient France, or Gaul; Gallic. [R.]
GAULT,A series of beds of clay and marl in the South of England,between the upper
and lower greensand of the Cretaceous period.
GAULTHERIA,A genus of ericaceous shrubs with evergreen foliage, and,often, edible
berries. It includes the American winter-green(Gaultheria procumbens), and the
larger-fruited salal of NorthwesternAmerica (Gaultheria Shallon).
GAUNT,Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering; lean; meager; pinchedand grim. "The
gaunt mastiff." Pope.A mysterious but visible pestilence, striding gaunt and
fleshlessacross our land. Nichols.
GAUNTLET,See Gantlet.
GAUNTLETTED,Wearing a gauntlet.
GAUNTLY,In a gaunt manner; meagerly.
GAUR,An East Indian species of wild cattle (Bibos gauris), of largesize and an
untamable disposition. [Spelt also gour.]
GAURE,To gaze; to stare. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GAUSS,The C.G.S. unit of density of magnetic field, equal to a fieldof one line of
force per square centimeter, being thus adopted as aninternational unit at Paris in
1900; sometimes used as a unit ofintensity of magnetic field. It was previously
suggested as a unit ofmagnetomotive force.
GAUSSAGE,The intensity of a magnetic field expressed in C.G.S. units, orgausses.
GAUZE,A very thin, slight, transparent stuff, generally of silk;also, any fabric
resembling silk gauze; as, wire gauze; cotton gauze.Gauze dresser, one employed in
stiffening gauze.
GAUZINESS,The quality of being gauzy; flimsiness. Ruskin.
GAUZY,Pertaining to, or resembling, gauze; thin and slight as gauze.
GAVAGE,Forced feeding (as of poultry or infants) by means of a tubepassed through
the mouth down to the stomach.
GAVE,imp. of Give.
GAVEL,A gable. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
GAVELET,An ancient special kind of cessavit used in Kent and London forthe recovery
of rent. [Obs.]
GAVELKIND,A tenure by which land descended from the father to all hissons in equal
portions, and the land of a brother, dying withoutissue, descended equally to his
brothers. It still prevails in thecounty of Kent. Cowell.
GAVELOCHE,Same as Gavelock.
GAVERICK,The European red gurnard (Trigla cuculus). [Prov. Eng.]
GAVIAE,The division of birds which includes the gulls and terns.
GAVIAL,A large Asiatic crocodilian (Gavialis Gangeticus); -- calledalso nako, and
Gangetic crocodile.
GAVOT,A kind of difficult dance; a dance tune, the air of which hastwo brisk and
lively, yet dignified, strains in common time, eachplayed twice over. [Written also
gavotte.]
GAWBY,A baby; a dunce. [Prov. Eng.]
GAWK,To act like a gawky.
GAWKY,Foolish and awkward; clumsy; clownish; as, gawky behavior.-- n. A fellow who
is awkward from being overgrown, or fromstupidity, a gawk.
GAWN,A small tub or lading vessel. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
GAWNTREE,See Gauntree.
GAY,An ornament [Obs.] L'Estrange.
GAYAL,A Southern Asiatic species of wild cattle (Bibos frontalis).
GAYDIANG,A vessel of Anam, with two or three masts, lofty triangularsails, and in
construction somewhat resembling a Chinese junk.
GAYLEY PROCESS,The process of removing moisture from the blast of an ironblast
furnace by reducing its temperature so far that it will notremain suspended as
vapor in the blast current, but will be depositedas snow in the cooling apparatus.
The resultant uniformly dehydratedblast effects great economy in fuel consumption,
and promotesregularity of furnace operation, and certainty of furnace control.
GAYLUSSITE,A yellowish white, translucent mineral, consisting of thecarbonates of
lime and soda, with water.
GAYNE,To avail. [Obs.]
GAYNESS,Gayety; finery. [R.]
GAYSOME,Full of gayety. Mir. for Mag.
GAYTRE,The dogwood tree. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GAZE,To fixx the eyes in a steady and earnest look; to look witheagerness or
curiosity, as in admiration, astonishment, or withstudious attention.Why stand ye
gazing up into heaven Acts i. 11.
GAZEEBO,A summerhouse so situated as to command an extensive prospect.[Colloq.]
GAZEFUL,Gazing. [R.] Spenser.
GAZEHOUND,A hound that pursues by the sight rather than by the scent. SirW. Scott.
GAZEL,The black currant; also, the wild plum. [Prov. Eng.]
GAZELLE,One of several small, swift, elegantly formed species ofantelope, of the
genus Gazella, esp. G. dorcas; -- called alsoalgazel, corinne, korin, and kevel.
The gazelles are celebrated forthe luster and soft expression of their eyes.
[Written also gazel.]
GAZEMENT,View. [Obs.] Spenser.
GAZER,One who gazes.
GAZET,A Venetian coin, worth about three English farthings, or oneand a half cents.
[Obs.]
GAZETTE,A newspaper; a printed sheet published periodically; esp., theofficial
journal published by the British government, and containinglegal and state notices.
GAZINGSTOCK,A person or thing gazed at with scorn or abhorrence; an objectof
curiosity or contempt. Bp. Hall.
GAZOGENE,A portable apparatus for making soda water or aërated liquidson a small
scale. Knight.
GAZON,One of the pieces of sod used to line or cover parapets and thefaces of
earthworks.
GE-,An Anglo-Saxon prefix. See Y-.
GEAL,To congeal. [Obs. or Scot.]
GEAN,A species of cherry tree common in Europe (Prunus avium); also,the fruit,
which is usually small and dark in color.
GEANTICLINAL,An upward bend or flexure of a considerable portion of theearth's
crust, resulting in the formation of a class of mountainelevations called
anticlinoria; -- opposed to geosynclinal.
GEAR,See 1st Jeer (b).
GEARING,The parts by which motion imparted to one portion of an engineor machine is
transmitted to another, considered collectively; as,the valve gearing of locomotive
engine; belt gearing; esp., a trainof wheels for transmitting and varying motion in
machinery.Frictional gearing. See under Frictional.-- Gearing chain, an endless
chain transmitted motion from onesprocket wheel to another. See Illust. of Chain
wheel.-- Spur gearing, gearing in which the teeth or cogs are ranged roundeither
the concave or the convex surface (properly the latter) of acylindrical wheel; --
for transmitting motion between parallelshafts, etc.
GEASON,Rare; wonderful. [Obs.] Spenser.
GEAT,The channel or spout through which molten metal runs into amold in casting.
[Written also git, gate.]
GECARCINIAN,A land crab of the genus Gecarcinus, or of allied genera.
GECK,To jeer; to show contempt. Sir W. Scott.
GECKO,Any lizard of the family Geckonidæ. The geckoes are small,carnivorous, mostly
nocturnal animals with large eyes and vertical,elliptical pupils. Their toes are
generally expanded, and furnishedwith adhesive disks, by which they can run over
walls and ceilings.They are numerous in warm countries, and a few species are found
inEurope and the United States. See Wall gecko, Fanfoot.
GECKOTIAN,A gecko.
GEE,To turn to the off side, or from the driver (i.e., in theUnited States, to the
right side); -- said of cattle, or a team; usedmost frequently in the imperative,
often with off, by drivers ofoxen, in directing their teams, and opposed to haw, or
hoi. [Writtenalso jee.]
GEESE,pl. of Goose.
GEEST,Alluvial matter on the surface of land, not of recent origin.R. Jameson.
GEET,Jet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GEEZ,The original native name for the ancient Ethiopic language orpeople. See
Ethiopic.
GEEZER,A queer old fellow; an old chap; an old woman. [Contemptuous,Slang or Dial.]
GEHENNA,The valley of Hinnom, near Jerusalem, where some of theIsraelites
sacrificed their children to Moloch, which, on thisaccount, was afterward regarded
as a place of abomination, and made areceptacle for all the refuse of the city,
perpetual fires being keptup in order to prevent pestilential effluvia. In the New
Testamentthe name is transferred, by an easy metaphor, to Hell.The pleasant valley
of Hinnom. Tophet thence And black Gehennacalled, the type of Hell. Milton.
GEIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, earthy or vegetable mold. Geicacid. (Chem.)
See Humin.
GEIN,See Humin.
GEISHA,A Japanese singing and dancing girl.
GEISSLER TUBE,A glass tube provided with platinum electrodes, and containingsome
gas under very low tension, which becomes luminous when anelectrical discharge is
passed through it; -- so called from the nameof a noted maker in germany. It is
called also Plücker tube, from theGerman physicist who devised it.
GEITONOGAMY,Fertilization of flowers by pollen from other flowers on thesame plant.
GELABLE,Capable of being congealed; capable of being converted intojelly.
GELADA,A baboon (Gelada Ruppelli) of Abyssinia, remarkable for thelength of the
hair on the neck and shoulders of the adult male.
GELASTIC,Pertaining to laughter; used in laughing. "Gelastic muscles."Sir T.
Browne.
GELATIFICATION,The formation of gelatin.
GELATIGENOUS,Producing, or yielding, gelatin; gelatiniferous; as, thegelatigeneous
tissues.
GELATINATE,To convert into gelatin, or into a substance resembling jelly.
GELATINATION,The act of process of converting into gelatin, or a substancelike
jelly.
GELATINE,Same as Gelatin.
GELATINIFEROUS,Yielding gelatin on boiling with water; capable ofgelatination.
GELATINIFORM,Having the form of gelatin.
GELATINIZATION,Same as Gelatination.
GELATINIZE,To coat, or otherwise treat, with gelatin.
GELATINOUS,Of the nature and consistence of gelatin or the jelly;resembling jelly;
viscous.
GELATION,The process of becoming solid by cooling; a cooling andsolidifying.
GELD,Money; tribute; compensation; ransom.[Obs.]
GELDABLE,Capable of being gelded.
GELDER,One who gelds or castrates.
GELDER-ROSE,Same as Guelder-rose.
GELDING,A castrated animal; -- usually applied to a horse, but formerlyused also of
the human male.They went down both into the water, Philip and the gelding,
andPhilip baptized him. Wyclif (Acts viii. 38).
GELID,Cold; very cold; frozen. "Gelid founts." Thompson.
GELIDITY,The state of being gelid.
GELIDLY,In a gelid manner; coldly.
GELIDNESS,The state of being gelid; gelidity.
GELLY,Jelly. [Obs.] Spenser.
GELOSCOPY,Divination by means of laughter.
GELOSE,An amorphous, gummy carbohydrate, found in Gelidium, agar-agar,and other
seaweeds.
GELSEMIC,Gelseminic.
GELSEMINE,An alkaloid obtained from the yellow jasmine (Gelsemiumsempervirens), as
a bitter white semicrystalline substance; -- calledalso gelsemia.
GELSEMINIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the yellow jasmine
(Gelsemiumsempervirens); as, gelseminic acid, a white crystalline
substanceresembling esculin.
GELSEMIUM,A genus of climbing plants. The yellow (false) jasmine(Gelsemium
sempervirens) is a native of the Southern United States.It has showy and
deliciously fragrant flowers.
GELT,Trubute, tax. [Obs.]All these the king granted unto them . . . free from all
gelts andpayments, in a most full and ample manner. Fuller.
GEM,A bud.From the joints of thy prolific stem A swelling knot is raised calleda
gem. Denham.
GEMARA,The second part of the Talmud, or the commentary on the Mishna(which forms
the first part or text).
GEMARIC,Pertaining to the Gemara.
GEMARIST,One versed in the Gemara, or adhering to its teachings.
GEMEL,Coupled; paired. Bars gemel (Her.), two barrulets placed nearand parallel to
each other.
GEMELLIPA-ROUS,Producing twins. [R.] Bailey.
GEMINAL,A pair. [Obs.] Drayton.
GEMINATE,In pairs or twains; two together; binate; twin; as, geminateflowers. Gray.
GEMINATION,A doubling; duplication; repetition. [R.] Boyle.
GEMINI,A constellation of the zodiac, containing the two bright starsCastor and
Pollux; also, the third sign of the zodiac, which the sunenters about May 20th.
GEMINIFLOROUS,Having the flowers arranged in pairs.
GEMINOUS,Double; in pairs. Sir T. Browne.
GEMINY,Twins; a pair; a couple. [Obs.] Shak.
GEMITORES,A division of birds including the true pigeons.
GEMMA,A leaf bud, as distinguished from a flower bud.
GEMMACEOUS,Of or pertaining to gems or to gemmæ; of the nature of, orresembling,
gems or gemmæ.
GEMMARY,Of or pertaining to gems.
GEMMATE,Having buds; reproducing by buds.
GEMMATED,Having buds; adorned with gems or jewels.
GEMMATION,The formation of a new individual, either animal or vegetable,by a
process of budding; an asexual method of reproduction;gemmulation; gemmiparity. See
Budding.
GEMMEOUS,Pertaining to gems; of the nature of gems; resembling gems.Pennant.
GEMMIFEROUS,Producing gems or buds; (Biol.)
GEMMIFICATION,The production of a bud or gem.
GEMMIFLORATE,Having flowers like buds.
GEMMINESS,The state or quality of being gemmy; spruceness; smartness.
GEMMIPARITY,Reproduction by budding; gemmation. See Budding.
GEMMIPAROUS,Producing buds; reproducing by buds. See Gemmation, 1.
GEMMOSITY,The quality or characteristics of a gem or jewel. [Obs.]Bailey.
GEMMULATION,See Gemmation.
GEMMULIFEROUS,Bearing or producing gemmules or buds.
GEMOTE,A meeting; -- used in combination, as, Witenagemote, anassembly of the wise
men.
GEMS,The chamois.
GEMS-HORN,An organ stop with conical tin pipes.
GEMSBOK,A South African antelope (Oryx Capensis), having long, sharp,nearly
straight horns.
GEMUL,A small South American deer (Furcifer Chilensis), with simpleforked horns.
[Written also guemul.]
GENAPPE,A worsted yarn or cord of peculiar smoothness, used in themanufacture of
braid, fringe, etc. Simmonds.
GENDARME,One of a body of heavy cavalry. [Obs.] [France]
GENDARMERY,The body of gendarmes.
GENDER,A classification of nouns, primarily according to sex; andsecondarily
according to some fancied or imputed quality associatedwith sex.Gender is a
grammatical distinction and applies to words only. Sex isnatural distinction and
applies to living objects. R. Morris.
GENDERLESS,Having no gender.
GENEAGENESIS,Alternate generation. See under Generation.
GENEALOGIC,Genealogical.
GENEALOGICAL,Of or pertaining to genealogy; as, a genealogical table;genealogical
order.-- Gen`e*a*log"ic*al*ly, adv. Genealogical tree, a family lineage orgenealogy
drawn out under the form of a tree and its branches.
GENEALOGIST,One who traces genealogies or the descent of persons orfamilies.
GENEALOGIZE,To investigate, or relate the history of, descents.
GENEARCH,The chief of a family or tribe.
GENERA,See Genus.
GENERABILITY,Capability of being generated. Johnstone.
GENERABLE,Capable of being generated or produced. Bentley.
GENERAL,One of the chief military officers of a government or country;the commander
of an army, of a body of men not less than a brigade.In European armies, the
highest military rank next below fieldmarshal.
GENERALIA,Generalities; general terms. J. S. Mill.
GENERALISSIMO,The chief commander of an army; especially, the commander inchief of
an army consisting of two or more grand divisions underseparate commanders; -- a
title used in most foreign countries.
GENERALIZABLE,Capable of being generalized, or reduced to a general form
ofstatement, or brought under a general rule.Extreme cases are . . . not
generalizable. Coleridge
GENERALIZE,To form into a genus; to view objects in their relations to agenus or
class; to take general or comprehensive views.
GENERALIZED,Comprising structural characters which are separated in morespecialized
forms; synthetic; as, a generalized type.
GENERALIZER,One who takes general or comprehensive views. Tyndall.
GENERALNESS,The condition or quality of being general; frequency;commonness. Sir P.
Sidney.
GENERALTY,Generality. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
GENERANT,Generative; producing; esp. (Geom.),
GENERATE,To trace out, as a line, figure, or solid, by the motion of apoint or a
magnitude of inferior order.
GENERATION,The formation or production of any geometrical magnitude, as aline, a
surface, a solid, by the motion, in accordance with amathematical law, of a point
or a magnitude; as, the generation of aline or curve by the motion of a point, of a
surface by a line, asphere by a semicircle, etc.
GENERATIVE,Having the power of generating, propagating, originating, orproducing.
"That generative particle." Bentley.
GENERATOR,The principal sound or sounds by which others are produced;
thefundamental note or root of the common chord; -- called alsogenerating tone.
GENERATRIX,That which generates; the point, or the mathematical magnitude,which, by
its motion, generates another magnitude, as a line,surface, or solid; -- called
also describent.
GENERICALLY,With regard to a genus, or an extensive class; as, an animalgenerically
distinct from another, or two animals or plantsgenerically allied.
GENERICALNESS,The quality of being generic.
GENERIFICATION,The act or process of generalizing.Out of this the universal is
elaborated by generification. Sir W.Hamilton.
GENESEE EPOCH,The closing subdivision of the Hamilton period in the
AmericanDevonian system; -- so called because the formations of this periodcrop out
in Genesee, New York.
GENESIAL,Of or relating to generation.
GENESIOLGY,The doctrine or science of generation.
GENESIS,Same as Generation.
GENET,A small-sized, well-proportioned, Spanish horse; a jennet.Shak.
GENETHLIAC,Pertaining to nativities; calculated by astrologers; showingposition of
stars at one's birth. Howell.
GENETHLIACAL,Genethliac.
GENETHLIACS,The science of calculating nativities, or predicting the futureevents
of life from the stars which preside at birth. Jhonson.
GENETHLIALOGY,Divination as to the destinies of one newly born; the act orart of
casting nativities; astrology.
GENETHLIATIC,One who calculates nativities. Sir W. Drummond.
GENETIC,Same as Genetical.
GENETICAL,Pertaining to, concerned with, or determined by, the genesis ofanything,
or its natural mode of production or development.This historical, genetical method
of viewing prior systems ofphilosophy. Hare.
GENETICALLY,In a genetical manner.
GENEVA,The chief city of Switzerland. Geneva Bible, a translation ofthe Bible into
English, made and published by English refugees inGeneva (Geneva, 1560; London,
1576). It was the first English Bibleprinted in Roman type instead of the ancient
black letter, the firstwhich recognized the division into verses, and the first
whichommited the Apocrypha. In form it was a small quarto, and soonsuperseded the
large folio of Cranmer's translation. Called alsoGenevan Bible.-- Geneva convention
(Mil.), an agreement made by representatives ofthe great continental powers at
Geneva and signed in 1864,establishing new and more humane regulation regarding the
treatmentof the sick and wounded and the status of those who minister to themin
war. Ambulances and military hospitals are made neutral, and thiscondition affects
physicians, chaplains, nurses, and the ambulancecorps. Great Britain signed the
convention in 1865.-- Geneva cross (Mil.), a red Greek cross on a white ground; --
theflag and badge adopted in the Geneva convention.
GENEVAN,Of or pertaining to Geneva, in Switzerland; Genevese.
GENEVANISM,Strict Calvinism. Bp. Montagu.
GENEVESE,Of or pertaining to Geneva, in Switzerland; Genevan.-- n. sing. & pl.
GENIAL,Same as Genian.
GENIALITY,The quality of being genial; sympathetic cheerfulness; warmthof
disposition and manners.
GENIALNESS,The quality of being genial.
GENIAN,Of or pertaining to the chin; mental; as, the genianprominence.
GENICULATE,Bent abruptly at an angle, like the knee when bent; as, ageniculate
stem; a geniculate ganglion; a geniculate twin crystal.
GENICULATED,Same as Geniculate.
GENIE,See Genius.
GENIO,A man of a particular turn of mind. [R.] Tatler.
GENIOHYOID,Of or pertaining to the chin and hyoid bone; as, the geniohyoidmuscle.
GENIPAP,The edible fruit of a West Indian tree (Genipa Americana) ofthe order
Rubiaceæ. It is oval in shape, as a large as a smallorange, of a pale greenish
color, and with dark purple juice.
GENISTA,A genus of plants including the common broom of Western Europe.
GENITAL,Pertaining to generation, or to the generative organs. Genitalcord (Anat.),
a cord developed in the fetus by the union of portionsof the Wolffian and Müllerian
ducts and giving rise to parts of theurogenital passages in both sexes.
GENITALS,The organs of generation; the sexual organs; the private parts.
GENITING,A species of apple that ripens very early. Bacon.
GENITIVAL,Possessing genitive from; pertaining to, or derived from, thegenitive
case; as, a genitival adverb.-- Gen`i*ti"val*ly, adv.
GENITIVE,Of or pertaining to that case (as the second case of Latin andGreek nouns)
which expresses source or possession. It corresponds tothe possessive case in
English.
GENITOCRURAL,Pertaining to the genital organs and the thigh; -- appliedespecially
to one of the lumbar nerves.
GENITOR,The genitals. [Obs.] Holland.
GENITOURINARY,See Urogenital.
GENITURE,Generation; procreation; birth. Dryden.
GENOA CAKE,A rich glazed cake, with almonds, pistachios, filberts, orother nuts;
also, a rich currant cake with almonds on the top.
GENOESE,Of or pertaining to Genoa, a city of Italy.-- n. sing. & pl.
GENOUILLERE,A metal plate covering the knee.
GENRE,A style of painting, sculpture, or other imitative art, whichillustrates
everyday life and manners.
GENS,A minor subdivision of a tribe, among American aborigines. Itincludes those
who have a common descent, and bear the same totem.
GENTEELISH,Somewhat genteel.
GENTEELLY,In a genteel manner.
GENTEELNESS,The quality of being genteel.
GENTIAN,Any one of a genus (Gentiana) of herbaceous plants withopposite leaves and
a tubular four- or five-lobed corolla, usuallyblue, but sometimes white, yellow, or
red. See Illust. of Capsule.
GENTIANACEOUS,Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Gentianaceæ) ofwhich
the gentian is the type.
GENTIANELLA,A kind of blue color. Johnson.
GENTIANIC,Pertaining to or derived from the gentian; as, gentianic acid.
GENTIANINE,A bitter, crystallizable substance obtained from gentian.
GENTIANOSE,A crystallizable, sugarlike substance, with a slightly sweetishtaste,
obtained from the gentian.
GENTIL,Gentle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GENTILE,One of a non-Jewish nation; one neither a Jew nor a Christian;a worshiper
of false gods; a heathen.
GENTILE-FALCON,See Falcon-gentil.
GENTILESSE,Gentleness; courtesy; kindness; nobility. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GENTILISH,Heathenish; pagan.
GENTILIZE,To render gentile or gentlemanly; as, to gentilize yourunworthy sones.
[R.] Sylvester.
GENTILLY,In a gentle or hoble manner; frankly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GENTIOPIKRIN,A bitter, yellow, crystalline substance, regarded as aglucoside, and
obtained from the gentian.
GENTISIN,A tasteless, yellow, crystalline substance, obtained from thegentian; --
called also gentianin.
GENTLE,A dipterous larva used as fish bait.
GENTLE-HEARTED,Having a kind or gentle disposition. Shak.-- Gen"tle-heart`ed*ness,
n.
GENTLEMAN,One who bears arms, but has no title.
GENTLEMANHOOD,The qualities or condition of a gentleman. [R.] Thackeray.
GENTLEMANLINESS,The state of being gentlemanly; gentlemanly conduct or manners.
GENTLEMANSHIP,The carriage or quality of a gentleman.
GENTLENESS,The quality or state of being gentle, well-born, mild,benevolent,
docile, etc.; gentility; softness of manners,disposition, etc.; mildness.
GENTLESHIP,The deportment or conduct of a gentleman. [Obs.] Ascham.
GENTLESSE,Gentilesse; gentleness. [Obs.]
GENTLY,In a gentle manner.My mistress gently chides the fault I made. Dryden.
GENTOO,A native of Hindostan; a Hindoo. [Archaic]
GENTY,Neat; trim. [Scot.] Burns.
GENUFLECT,To bend the knee, as in worship.
GENUFLECTION,The act of bending the knee, particularly in worship.
Bp.Stillingfleet.
GENUINE,Belonging to, or proceeding from, the original stock; native;hence, not
counterfeit, spurious, false, or adulterated; authentic;real; natural; true; pure;
as, a genuine text; a genuine production;genuine materials. "True, genuine night."
Dryden.
GENUS,A class of objects divided into several subordinate species; aclass more
extensive than a species; a precisely defined and exactlydivided class; one of the
five predicable conceptions, or sorts ofterms.
GENYS,See Conys.
GEOCENTRICALLY,In a geocentric manner.
GEOCHEMISTRY,The study of the chemical composition of, and of actual orpossible
chemical changes in, the crust of the earth. --Ge`o*chem"ic*al (#), a.
--Ge`o*chem"ist (#), n.
GEOCRONITE,A lead-gray or grayish blue mineral with a metallic luster,consisting of
sulphur, antimony, and lead, with a small proportion ofarsenic.
GEODEPHAGOUS,Living in the earth; -- applied to the ground beetles.
GEODESIC,A geodetic line or curve.
GEODESIST,One versed in geodesy.
GEODESY,That branch of applied mathematics which determines, by meansof
observations and measurements, the figures and areas of largeportions of the
earth's surface, or the general figure anddimenshions of the earth; or that branch
of surveying in which thecurvature of the earth is taken into account, as in the
surveys ofStates, or of long lines of coast.
GEODETICALLY,In a geodetic manner; according to geodesy.
GEODETICS,Same as Geodesy.
GEODIFEROUS,Producing geodes; containing geodes.
GEODUCK,A gigantic clam (Glycimeris generosa) of the Pacific coast ofNorth America,
highly valued as an article of food.
GEOGNOSIS,Knowledge of the earth. [R.] G. Eliot.
GEOGNOST,One versed in geognosy; a geologist. [R.]
GEOGNOSY,That part of geology which treats of the materials of theearth's
structure, and its general exterior and interiorconstitution.
GEOGONY,The branch of science which treats of the formation of theearth.
GEOGRAPHER,One versed in geography.
GEOGRAPHICALLY,In a geographical manner or method; according to geography.
GEOLATRY,The worship of the earth. G. W. Cox. The Geological Series.
GEOLOGICALLY,In a geological manner.
GEOLOGIST,One versed in the science of geology.
GEOLOGIZE,To study geology or make geological investigations in thefield; to
discourse as a geologist.During midsummer geologized a little in Shropshire.
Darwin.
GEOMALISM,The tendency of an organism to respond, during its growth, tothe force of
gravitation.
GEOMANCER,One who practices, or is versed in, geomancy.
GEOMANCY,A kind of divination by means of figures or lines, formed bylittle dots or
points, originally on the earth, and latterly onpaper.
GEOMETER,Any species of geometrid moth; a geometrid.
GEOMETRAL,Pertaining to geometry. [Obs.]
GEOMETRICALLY,According to the rules or laws of geometry.
GEOMETRICIAN,One skilled in geometry; a geometer; a mathematician.
GEOMETRID,Pertaining or belonging to the Geometridæ.
GEOMETRIZE,To investigate or apprehend geometrical quantities or laws; tomake
geometrical constructions; to proceed in accordance with theprinciples of
geometry.Nature geometrizeth, and observeth order in all things. Sir T.Browne.
GEOPHAGISM,The act or habit of eating earth. See Dirt eating, under Dirt.Dunglison.
GEOPHAGIST,One who eats earth, as dirt, clay, chalk, etc.
GEOPHAGOUS,Earth-eating.
GEOPHILA,The division of Mollusca which includes the land snails andslugs.
GEOPONICS,The art or science of cultivating the earth; agriculture.Evelin.
GEORAMA,A hollow globe on the inner surface of which a map of the worldis depicted,
to be examined by one standing inside.
GEORDIE,A name given by miners to George Stephenson's safety lamp.Raymond.
GEORGE NOBLE,A gold noble of the time of Henry VIII. See Noble, n.
GEORGIAN ARCHITECTURE,British or British colonial architecture of the period of
thefour Georges, especially that of the period before 1800.
GEORGIAN,A native of, or dweller in, Georgia.
GEORGIC,A rural poem; a poetical composition on husbandry, containingrules for
cultivating lands, etc.; as, the Georgics of Virgil.
GEORGIUM SIDUS,The planet Uranus, so named by its discoverer, Sir W. Herschel.
GEOSCOPY,Knowledge of the earth, ground, or soil, obtained byinspection. Chambers.
GEOSELENIC,Pertaining to the earth and moon; belonging to the joint actionor mutual
relations of the earth and moon; as, geoselenic phenomena.
GEOSTATIC,Relating to the pressure exerted by earth or similar substance.Geostatic
arch, an arch having a form adapted to sustain pressuresimilar to that exerted by
earth. Rankine.
GEOSYNCLINAL,the downward bend or subsidence of the earth's crust, whichallows of
the gradual accumulation of sediment, and hence forms thefirst step in the making
of a mountain range; -- opposed togeanticlinal.
GEOTHERMOMETER,A thermometer specially constructed for measuring tempereturesat a
depth below the surface of the ground.
GEOTIC,Belonging to earth; terrestrial. [Obs.] Bailey.
GEOTROPIC,Relating to, or showing, geotropism.
GEOTROPISM,A disposition to turn or incline towards the earth; theinfluence of
gravity in determining the direction of growth of anorgan.
GEPHYREA,An order of marine Annelida, in which the body is imperfectly,or not at
all, annulated externally, and is mostly without setæ.
GEPHYREAN,Belonging to the Gephyrea.-- n. One of the Gerphyrea.
GEPHYREOID,Gephyrean.
GEPOUND,See Gipoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GERAH,A small coin and weight; 1-20th of a shekel.
GERANIACEOUS,Of or pertaining to a natural order of pants (Geraniaceæ)
whichincludes the genera Geranium, Pelargonium, and many others.
GERANIUM,A genus of plants having a beaklike tours or receptacle, aroundwhich the
seed capsules are arranged, and membranous projections, orstipules, at the joints.
Most of the species have showy flowers and apungent odor. Called sometimes crane's-
bill.
GERANT,The manager or acting partner of a company, joint-stockassociation, etc.
GERBE,A kind of ornamental firework. Farrow.
GERBOA,The jerboa.
GERE,Gear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GERENT,Bearing; carrying. [Obs.] Bailey.
GERFALCON,See Gyrfalcon.
GERFUL,Changeable; capricious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GERLIND,A salmon returning from the sea the second time. [Prov. Eng.]
GERM CELL,A cell, of either sex, directly concerned in the production ofa new
organism.
GERM PLASM,See Plasmogen, and Idioplasm.
GERM THEORY,The theory that living organisms can be produced only by thedevelopment
of living germs. Cf. Biogenesis, Abiogenesis.
GERM,That which is to develop a new individual; as, the germ of afetus, of a plant
or flower, and the like; the earliest form underwhich an organism appears.In the
entire process in which a new being originates . . . twodistinct classes of action
participate; namely, the act of generationby which the germ is produced; and the
act of development, by whichthat germ is evolved into the complete organism.
Carpenter.
GERMAIN,See Germane.
GERMAN,Nearly related; closely akin.Wert thou a leopard, thou wert german to the
lion. Shak.Brother german. See Brother german.-- Cousins german. See the Note under
Cousin.
GERMANDER,A plant of the genus Teucrium (esp. Teucrium Chamædrys or wallgermander),
mintlike herbs and low shrubs. American germander,Teucrium Canadense.-- Germander
chickweed, Veronica agrestis.-- Water germander, Teucrium Scordium.-- Wood
germander, Teucrium Scorodonia.
GERMANE,Literally, near akin; hence, closely allied; appropriate orfitting;
relevant.The phrase would be more germane to the matter. Shak.[An amendment] must
be germane. Barclay (Digest).
GERMANIC,Pertaining to, or containing, germanium.
GERMANIUM,A rare element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore(argyrodite)
at Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal,chemically intermediate between
the metals and nonmetals, resemblestin, and is in general identical with the
predicted ekasilicon.Symbol Ge. Atomic weight 72.3.
GERMANIZATION,The act of Germanizing. M. Arnold.
GERMANIZE,To make German, or like what is distinctively German; as, toGermanize a
province, a language, a society.
GERMARIUM,An organ in which the ova are developed in certain Turbellaria.
GERMEN,See Germ.
GERMICIDAL,Germicide.
GERMICIDE,Destructive to germs; -- applied to any agent which has adestructive
action upon living germs, particularly bacteria, orbacterial germs, which are
considered the cause of many infectiousdiseases.-- n.
GERMINAL,Pertaining or belonging to a germ; as, the germinal vesicle.Germinal
layers (Biol.), the two layers of cells, the ectoblast andentoblast, which form
respectively the outer covering and inner wallof the gastrula. A third layer of
cells, the mesoblast, which isformed later and lies between these two, is sometimes
included.-- Germinal membrane. (Biol.) Same as Blastoderm.-- Germinal spot (Biol.),
the nucleolus of the ovum.-- Germinal vesicle, (Biol.) , the nucleus of the ovum of
animals.
GERMINANT,Sprouting; sending forth germs or buds.
GERMINATE,To sprout; to bud; to shoot; to begin to vegetate, as a plantor its seed;
to begin to develop, as a germ. Bacon.
GERMINATION,The process of germinating; the beginning of vegetation orgrowth in a
seed or plant; the first development of germs, eitheranimal or vegetable.
Germination apparatus, an apparatus for maltinggrain.
GERMINATIVE,Pertaining to germination; having power to bud or develop.Germinative
spot, Germinative vesicle. (Biol.) Same as Germinal spot,Germinal vesicle, under
Germinal.
GERMIPARITY,Reproduction by means of germs.
GERMLESS,Without germs.
GERMULE,A small germ.
GERN,To grin or yawn. [Obs.] "[/He] gaped like a gulf when he didgern." Spenser.
GERNER,A garner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GEROCOMIA,See Gerocomy.
GEROCOMICAL,Pertaining to gerocomy. Dr. John Smith.
GEROCOMY,That part of medicine which treats of regimen for old people.
GERONTES,Magistrates in Sparta, who with the ephori and kings,constituted the
supreme civil authority.
GERONTOCRACY,Government by old men. [R.] Gladstone.
GEROPIGIA,A mixture composed of unfermented grape juice, brandy, sugar,etc., for
adulteration of wines. [Written also jerupigia.]
GERRYMANDER,To divide (a State) into districts for the choice ofrepresentatives, in
an unnatural and unfair way, with a view to givea political party an advantage over
its opponent. [Political Cant, U.S.]
GERUND,A verbal noun ending in -e, preceded by to and usually denotingpurpose or
end; -- called also the dative infinitive; as, "Ic hæbbemete tô etanne" (I have
meat to eat.) In Modern English the name hasbeen applied to verbal or participal
nouns in -ing denoting atransitive action; e. g., by throwing a stone.
GERUNDIAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, a gerund; as, a gerundial use.
GERUNDIVE,Pertaining to, or partaking of, the nature of the gerund;gerundial.-- n.
(Lat. Gram.)
GERUNDIVELY,In the manner of a gerund; as, or in place of, a gerund.
GERY,Changeable; fickle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GESLING,A gosling. [Prov. Eng.]
GESSE,To guess. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GESSO DURO,A variety of gesso which when dried becomes hard and durable,often used
in making bas-relief casts, which are colored and mountedin elaborate frames.
GEST,A guest. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GESTANT,Bearing within; laden; burdened; pregnant. [R.] "Clouds gestantwith heat."
Mrs. Browning.
GESTE,To tell stories or gests. [Obs.]
GESTICULATE,To make gestures or motions, as in speaking; to use postures.Sir T.
Herbert.
GESTICULATOR,One who gesticulates.
GESTICULATORY,Representing by, or belonging to, gestures. T. Warton.
GESTOUR,A reciter of gests or legendary tales; a story-teller. [Obs.]Minstrels and
gestours for to tell tales. Chaucer.
GESTURAL,Relating to gesture.
GESTURE,To accompany or illustrate with gesture or action; togesticulate.It is not
orderly read, nor gestured as beseemeth. Hooker.
GESTURELESS,Free from gestures.
GESTUREMENT,Act of making gestures; gesturing. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
GET,Jet, the mineral. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GET-PENNY,Something which gets or gains money; a successful affair.[Colloq.]
Chapman.
GET-UP,General composition or structure; manner in which the parts ofa thing are
combined; make-up; style of dress, etc. [Colloq.] H.Kingsley.
GETEN,p. p. of Get. Chaucer.
GETH,the original third pers. sing. pres. of Go. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GETTABLE,That may be obtained. [R.]
GETTER,One who gets, gains, obtains, acquires, begets, or procreates.
GETTERUP,One who contrives, makes, or arranges for, anything, as a book,a machine,
etc. [Colloq.]A diligent getter-up of miscellaneous works. W. Irving.
GEUSDISM,The Marxian socialism and programme of reform throughrevolution as
advocated by the French political leader Jules BasileGuesde (pron. ged) (1845- ).
-- Guesd"ist (#), n. & a.
GEWGAW,A showy trifle; a toy; a splendid plaything; a pretty butworthless bauble.A
heavy gewgaw called a crown. Dryden.
GEYSER,A boiling spring which throws forth at frequent intervals jetsof water, mud,
etc., driven up by the expansive power of steam.
GEYSERITE,A loose hydrated form of silica, a variety of opal, depositedin
concretionary cauliflowerlike masses, around some hot springs andgeysers.
GHARRY,Any wheeled cart or carriage. [India]
GHAST,To strike aghast; to affright. [Obs.]Ghasted by the noise I made. Full
suddenly he fled. Shak.
GHASTFUL,Fit to make one aghast; dismal. [Obs.] -- Ghast"ful*ly, adv.
GHASTLINESS,The state of being ghastly; a deathlike look.
GHASTLY,In a ghastly manner; hideously.Staring full ghastly like a strangled man.
Shak.
GHASTNESS,Ghastliness. [Obs.] Shak.
GHAWAZI,Egyptian dancing girls, of a lower sort than the almeh.
GHAZI,Among Mohammedans, a warrior champion or veteran, esp. in thedestruction of
infidels.
GHEE,Butter clarified by boiling, and thus converted into a kind ofoil. [India]
Malcom.
GHERKIN,A kind of small, prickly cucumber, much used for pickles.
GHESS,See Guess. [Obs.]
GHETTO,The Jews'quarter in an Italian town or city.I went to the Ghetto, where the
Jews dwell. Evelyn.
GHIBELLINE,One of a faction in Italy, in the 12th and 13th centuries,which favored
the German emperors, and opposed the Guelfs, oradherents of the poses. Brande & C.
GHOLE,See Ghoul.
GHOST DANCE,A religious dance of the North American Indians, participatedin by both
sexes, and looked upon as a rite of invocation the purposeof which is, through
trance and vision, to bring the dancer intocommunion with the unseen world and the
spirits of departed friends.The dance is the chief rite of the Ghost-dance, or
Messiah, religion,which originated about 1890 in the doctrines of the Piute Wovoka,
theIndian Messiah, who taught that the time was drawing near when thewhole Indian
race, the dead with the living, should be reunited tolive a life of millennial
happiness upon a regenerated earth. Thereligion inculcates peace, righteousness,
and work, and holds that ingood time, without warlike intervention, the oppressive
white rulewill be removed by the higher powers. The religion spread through
amajority of the western tribes of the United States, only in the caseof the Sioux,
owing to local causes, leading to an outbreak.
GHOST,To die; to expire. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
GHOSTFISH,A pale ubspotted variety of the wrymouth.
GHOSTLESS,Without life or spirit. [R.]
GHOSTLIKE,Like a ghost; ghastly.
GHOSTLINESS,The quality of being ghostly.
GHOSTLY,Spiritually; mystically. Chaucer.
GHOSTOLOGY,Ghost lore. [R.]It seemed even more unaccountable than if it had been a
thing ofghostology and witchcraft. Hawthorne.
GHOUL,An imaginary evil being among Eastern nations, which wassupposed to feed upon
human bodies. [Written also ghole .] Moore.
GHOULISH,Characteristic of a ghoul; vampirelike; hyenalike.
GHYLL,A ravine. See Gill a woody glen. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]Wordsworth.
GIALLOLINO,A term variously employed by early writers on art, thoughcommonly
designating the yellow oxide of lead, or massicot. Fairholt.
GIAMBEUX,Greaves; armor for the legs. [Obs.] Spenser.
GIANT,Like a giant; extraordinary in size, strength, or power; as,giant brothers; a
giant son. Giant cell. (Anat.) See Myeloplax.-- Giant clam (Zoöl.), a bivalve shell
of the genus Tridacna, esp.T. gigas, which sometimes weighs 500 pounds. The shells
are sometimesused in churches to contain holy water.-- Giant heron (Zoöl.), a very
large African heron (Ardeomegagoliath). It is the largest heron known.-- Giant
kettle, a pothole of very large dimensions, as found inNorway in connection with
glaciers. See Pothole.-- Giant powder. See Nitroglycerin.-- Giant puffball (Bot.),
a fungus (Lycoperdon giganteum), ediblewhen young, and when dried used for
stanching wounds.-- Giant salamander (Zoöl.), a very large aquatic
salamander(Megalobatrachus maximus), found in Japan. It is the largest ofliving
Amphibia, becoming a yard long.-- Giant squid (Zoöl.), one of several species of
very large squids,belonging to Architeuthis and allied genera. Some are over forty
feetlong.
GIANTESS,A woman of extraordinary size.
GIANTIZE,To play the giant. [R.] Sherwood.
GIANTLY,Appropriate to a giant. [Obs.] Usher.
GIANTRY,The race of giants. [R.] Cotgrave.
GIANTSHIP,The state, personality, or character, of a giant; -- acompellation for a
giant.His giantship is gone somewhat crestfallen. Milton.
GIAOUR,An infidel; -- a term applied by Turks to disbelievers in theMohammedan
religion, especially Christrians. Byron.
GIB BOOM,See Jib boom.
GIB,A male cat; a tomcat. [Obs.]
GIB-CAT,A male cat, esp. an old one. See lst Gib. n. [Obs.] Shak.
GIBARO,The offspring of a Spaniard and an Indian; a Spanish-Indianmestizo. [Sp.
Amer.]
GIBBARTAS,One of several finback whales of the North Atlantic; -- calledalso
Jupiter whale. [Written also jubartas, gubertas, dubertus.]
GIBBER,A balky horse. Youatt.
GIBBERISH,Rapid and inarticulate talk; unintelligible language; unmeaningwords;
jargon.He, like a gypsy, oftentimes would go; All kinds of gibberish he hadlearnt
to known. Drayton.Such gibberish as children may be heard amusing themselves
with.Hawthorne.
GIBBIER,Wild fowl; game. [Obs.] Addison.
GIBBON,Any arboreal ape of the genus Hylobates, of which many speciesand varieties
inhabit the East Indies and Southern Asia. They aretailless and without cheek
pouches, and have very long arms, adaptedfor climbing.
GIBBOSE,Humped; protuberant; -- said of a surface which presents one ormore large
elevations. Brande & C.
GIBBOSTITY,The state of being gibbous or gibbose; gibbousness.
GIBBSITE,A hydrate of alumina.
GIBE,To cast reproaches and sneering expressions; to rail; to uttertaunting,
sarcastic words; to flout; to fleer; to scoff.Fleer and gibe, and laugh and flout.
Swift.
GIBEL,A kind of carp (Cyprinus gibelio); -- called also Prussiancarp.
GIBER,One who utters gibes. B. Jonson.
GIBFISH,The male of the salmon. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
GIBINGLY,In a gibing manner; scornfully.
GIBLET,Made of giblets; as, a giblet pie.
GIBLETS,The inmeats, or edible viscera (heart, gizzard, liver, etc.),of poultry.
GID,A disease of sheep, characterized by vertigo; the staggers. Itis caused by the
presence of the CC.
GIDDILY,In a giddy manner.
GIDDINESS,The quality or state of being giddy.
GIDDY,To reel; to whirl. Chapman.
GIDDY-HEAD,A person without thought fulness, prudence, or judgment.[Colloq.]
Burton.
GIDDY-HEADED,Thoughtless; unsteady.
GIDDY-PACED,Moving irregularly; flighty; fickle. [R.] Shak.
GIE,To guide. See Gye . [Obs.] Chaucer.
GIER-EAGLE,A bird referred to in the Bible (Lev. xi. 18and Deut. xiv. 17)as
unclean, probably the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus).
GIER-FALCON,The gyrfalcon.
GIESECKITE,A mineral occurring in greenish gray six-sided prisms, having agreasy
luster. It is probably a pseudomorph after elæolite.
GIF,If. [Obs.]
GIFFARD INJECTOR,See under Injector.
GIFFGAFF,Mutial accommodation; mutual giving. [Scot.]
GIFFY,See Jiffy.
GIFT,A voluntary transfer of real or personal property, without anyconsideration.
It can be perfected only by deed, or in case ofpersonal property, by an actual
delivery of possession. Bouvier.Burrill. Gift rope (Naut), a rope extended to a
boat for towing it; aguest rope.
GIFTEDNESS,The state of being gifted. Echard.
GIG,A fiddle. [Obs.]
GIGANTEAN,Like a giant; mighty; gigantic. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
GIGANTESQUE,Befitting a giant; bombastic; magniloquent.The sort of mock-heroic
gigantesque With which we bantered littleLilia first. Tennyson.
GIGANTICAL,Bulky, big. [Obs.] Burton.-- Gi*gan"tic*al*ly, adv.
GIGANTICIDE,The act of killing, or one who kills, a giant. Hallam.
GIGANTINE,Gigantic. [Obs.] Bullokar.
GIGANTOLOGY,An account or description of giants.
GIGANTOMACHY,A war of giants; especially, the fabulous war of the giantsagainst
heaven.
GIGERIUM,The muscular stomach, or gizzard, of birds.
GIGGET,Same as Gigot.Cut the slaves to giggets. Beau. & Fl.
GIGGLE,To laugh with short catches of the breath or voice; to laugh ina light,
affected, or silly manner; to titter with childish levity.Giggling and laughing
with all their might At the piteous hap of thefairy wight. J. R. Drake.
GIGGLER,One who giggles or titters.
GIGGLY,Prone to giggling. Carlyle.
GIGGOT,See Gigot. [Obs.] Chapman.
GIGGYNG,The act of fastending the gige or leather strap to the shield.[Obs.]
"Gigging of shields." Chaucer.
GIGLOT,Giddi; light; inconstant; wanton. [Obs.] "O giglot fortune!"Shak.
GIGUE,A piece of lively dance music, in two strains which arerepeated; also, the
dance.
GILA MONSTER,A large tuberculated lizard (Heloderma suspectum) native of thedry
plains of Arizona, New Mexico, etc. It is the only lizard knownto have venomous
teeth.
GILDALE,A drinking bout in which every one pays an equal share. [Obs.]
GILDEN,Gilded. Holland.
GILDER,One who gilds; one whose occupation is to overlay with gold.
GILE,Guile. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GILL,An organ for aquatic respiration; a branchia.Fishes perform respiration under
water by the gills. Ray.
GILL-FLIRT,A thoughtless, giddy girl; a flirt-gill. Sir W. Scott.
GILLHOUSE,A shop where gill is sold.Thee shall each alehouse, thee each gillhouse
mourn. Pope.
GILLIAN,A girl; esp., a wanton; a gill. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
GILOUR,A guiler; deceiver. [Obs.]
GILSE,See Grilse.
GILT,A female pig, when young.
GILTHEAD,A marine fish. The name is applied to two species:(a) The Pagrus, or
Chrysophrys, auratus, a valuable food fish commonin the Mediterranean (so named
from its golden-colored head); --called also giltpoll.(b) The Crenilabrus melops,
of the British coasts; -- called alsogolden maid, conner, sea partridge.
GILTIF,Guilty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GILTTAIL,A yellow-tailed worm or larva.
GIM,Neat; spruce. [Prov.]
GIMBLET,See Gimlet.
GIMCRACK,A trivial mechanism; a device; a toy; a pretty thing.Arbuthnot.
GIMLET,A small tool for boring holes. It has a leading screw, agrooved body, and a
cross handle. Gimlet eye, a squint-eye. [Colloq.]Wright.
GIMMAL,Made or consisting of interlocked rings, gimmal mail.In their pale dull
mouths the gimmal bit Lies foul with chewed grass.Shak.Gimmal joint. See Gimbal
joint, under Gimbal.
GIMP,Smart; spruce; trim; nice. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
GIN,Against; near by; towards; as, gin night. [Scot.] A. Ross(1778).
GING,Same as Gang, n., 2. [Obs.]There is a knot, a ging, a pack, a conspiracy
against me. Shak.
GINGAL,See Jingal.
GINGER,A plant of the genus Zingiber, of the East and West Indies. Thespecies most
known is Z. officinale.
GINGERBREAD,A kind of plain sweet cake seasoned with ginger, and sometimesmade in
fanciful shapes. "Gingerbread that was full fine." Chaucer.Gingerbread tree (Bot.),
the doom palm; -- so called from theresemblance of its fruit to gingerbread. See
Doom Palm.-- Gingerbread work, ornamentation, in architecture or decoration,of a
fantastic, trivial, or tawdry character.
GINGERLY,Cautiously; timidly; fastidiously; daintily.What is't that you took up so
gingerly Shak.
GINGERNESS,Cautiousness; tenderness.
GINGHAM,A kind of cotton or linen cloth, usually in stripes or checks,the yarn of
which is dyed before it is woven; -- distinguished fromprinted cotton or prints.
GINGING,The lining of a mine shaft with stones or bricks to preventcaving.
GINGIVAL,Of or pertaining to the gums. Holder.
GINGLE,See Jingle.
GINGLYFORM,Ginglymoid.
GINGLYMODI,An order of ganoid fishes, including the modern gar pikes andmany allied
fossil forms. They have rhombic, ganoid scales, aheterocercal tail, paired fins
without an axis, fulcra on the fins,and a bony skeleton, with the vertebræ convex
in front and concavebehind, forming a ball and socket joint. See Ganoidel.
GINGLYMUS,A hinge joint; an articulation, admitting of flexion andextension, or
motion in two directions only, as the elbow and theankle.
GINHOUSE,A building where cotton is ginned.
GINKGO,A large ornamental tree (Ginkgo biloba) from China and Japan,belonging to
the Yew suborder of Coniferæ. Its leaves are so likethose of some maidenhair ferns,
that it is also called the maidenhairtree.
GINNEE,See Jinnee.
GINNET,See Genet, a horse.
GINNING,Beginning. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GINNY-CARRIAGE,A small, strong carriage for conveying materials on a railroad.
[Eng.]
GINSENG,A plant of the genus Aralia, the root of which is highly valuedas a
medicine among the Chinese. The Chinese plant (Aralia Schinseng)has become so rare
that the American (A. quinquefolia) has largelytaken its place, and its root is now
an article of export fromAmerica to China. The root, when dry, is of a yellowish
white color,with a sweetness in the taste somewhat resembling that of
licorice,combined with a slight aromatic bitterness.
GINSHOP,A shop or barroom where gin is sold as a beverage. [Colloq.]
GIP,To take out the entrails of (herrings).
GIPOUN,A short cassock. [Written also gepoun, gypoun, jupon, juppon.][Obs.]
GIPSY,See Gypsy.
GIPSYISM,See Gypsyism.
GIRAFFE,An African ruminant (Camelopardalis giraffa) related to thedeers and
antelopes, but placed in a family by itself; thecamelopard. It is the tallest of
animals, being sometimes twenty feetfrom the hoofs to the top of the head. Its neck
is very long, and itsfore legs are much longer than its hind legs.
GIRANDOLE,A kind of revolving firework.
GIRD,To gibe; to sneer; to break a scornful jest; to utter severesarcasms.Men of
all sorts take a pride to gird at me. Shak.
GIRDER,One who girds; a satirist.
GIRDING,That with which one is girded; a girdle.Instead of a stomacher, a girding
of sackcloth. Is. iii. 24.
GIRDLE,A griddle. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
GIRDLER,An American longicorn beetle (Oncideres cingulatus) which laysits eggs in
the twigs of the hickory, and then girdles each branch bygnawing a groove around
it, thus killing it to provide suitable foodfor the larvæ.
GIRE,See Gyre.
GIRKIN,See Gherkin.
GIRL,A roebuck two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
GIRLHOOD,State or time of being a girl.
GIRLISH,Like, or characteristic of, a girl; of or pertaining togirlhood; innocent;
artless; immature; weak; as, girlish ways;girlish grief.-- Girl"ish*ly, adv.--
Girl"ish*ness, n.
GIRLOND,A garland; a prize. [Obs.] Chapman.
GIRN,To grin. [Obs.]
GIRONDIST,A member of the moderate republican party formed in the Frenchlegislative
assembly in 1791. The Girondists were so called becausetheir leaders were deputies
from the department of La Gironde.
GIRROCK,A garfish. Johnson.
GIRT,imp. & p. p. of Gird.
GIRTH,To bind as with a girth. [R.] Johnson.
GIRTLINE,A gantline. Hammock girtline, a line rigged for hanging outhammocks to
dry.
GISARM,A weapon with a scythe-shaped blade, and a separate long sharppoint, mounted
on a long staff and carried by foot soldiers.
GISE,To feed or pasture. [Obs.]
GISLE,A pledge. [Obs.] Bp. Gibson.
GIT,See Geat.
GITE,A gown. [Obs.]She came often in a gite of red. Chaucer.
GITH,The corn cockle; also anciently applied to the Nigella, orfennel flower.
GITTERN,An instrument like a guitar. "Harps, lutes, and giternes."Chaucer.
GITTITH,A musical instrument, of unknown character, supposed by some tohave been
used by the people of Gath, and thence obtained by David.It is mentioned in the
title of Psalms viii., lxxxi., and lxxxiv. Dr.W. Smith.
GIUST,Same as Joust. Spenser.
GIUSTO,In just, correct, or suitable time.
GIVE,To set forth as a known quantity or a known relation, or as apremise from
which to reason; -- used principally in the passive formgiven.
GIVEN,p. p. & a. from Give, v.
GIVER,One who gives; a donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who impartsor
distributes.It is the giver, and not the gift, that engrosses the heart of
theChristian. Kollock.
GIVES,Fetters.
GIZZARD,The second, or true, muscular stomach of birds, in which thefood is crushed
and ground, after being softened in the glandularstomach (crop), or lower part of
the esophagus; the gigerium.
GLABELLA,The space between the eyebrows, also including thecorresponding part of
the frontal bone; the mesophryon.-- Gla*bel"lar, a.
GLABELLUM,The median, convex lobe of the head of a trilobite. SeeTrilobite.
GLABRATE,Becoming smooth or glabrous from age. Gray.
GLABRITY,Smoothness; baldness. [R.]
GLABROUS,Smooth; having a surface without hairs or any unevenness.
GLACE,Coated with icing; iced; glazed; -- said of fruits, sweetmeats,cake, etc.
GLACIAL,Resembling ice; having the appearance and consistency of ice; -- said of
certain solid compounds; as, glacial phosphoric or aceticacids. Glacial acid
(Chem.), an acid of such strength or purity as tocrystallize at an ordinary
temperature, in an icelike form; as aceticor carbolic acid.-- Glacial drift
(Geol.), earth and rocks which have beentransported by moving ice, land ice, or
icebergs; bowlder drift.-- Glacial epoch or period (Geol.), a period during which
theclimate of the modern temperate regions was polar, and ice coveredlarge portions
of the northern hemisphere to the mountain tops.-- Glacial theory or hypothesis.
(Geol.) See Glacier theory, underGlacier.
GLACIALIST,One who attributes the phenomena of the drift, in geology, toglaciers.
GLACIATE,To turn to ice.
GLACIER,An immense field or stream of ice, formed in the region ofperpetual snow,
and moving slowly down a mountain slope or valley, asin the Alps, or over an
extended area, as in Greenland.
GLACIOUS,Pertaining to, consisting of or resembling, ice; icy. Sir T.Browne.
GLACIS,A gentle slope, or a smooth, gently sloping bank; especially(Fort.), that
slope of earth which inclines from the covered waytoward the exterior ground or
country (see Illust. of Ravelin).
GLAD,To make glad; to cheer; to gladden; to exhilarate. Chaucer.That which gladded
all the warrior train. Dryden.Each drinks the juice that glads the heart of man.
Pope.
GLADDEN,To make glad; to cheer; to please; to gratify; to rejoice; toexhilarate.A
secret pleasure gladdened all that saw him. Addison.
GLADDER,One who makes glad. Chaucer.
GLADEN,Sword grass; any plant with sword-shaped leaves, esp. theEuropean Iris
foetidissima. [Written also gladwyn, gladdon, andglader.]
GLADEYE,The European yellow-hammer.
GLADFUL,Full of gladness; joyful; glad. [R.] -- Glad"ful*ness, n. [R.]Spenser.It
followed him with gladful glee. Spenser.
GLADIATE,Sword-shaped; resembling a sword in form, as the leaf of theiris, or of
the gladiolus.
GLADIATOR,Of or pertaining to gladiators, or to contests or combatants ingeneral.
GLADIATORISM,The art or practice of a gladiator.
GLADIATORSHIP,Conduct, state, or art, of a gladiator.
GLADIATORY,Gladiatorial. [R.]
GLADIATURE,Swordplay; fencing; gladiatorial contest. Gayton.
GLADIOLE,A lilylike plant, of the genus Gladiolus; -- called also cornflag.
GLADIOLUS,A genus of plants having bulbous roots and gladiate leaves, andincluding
many species, some of which are cultivated and valued forthe beauty of their
flowers; the corn flag; the sword lily.
GLADIUS,The internal shell, or pen, of cephalopods like the squids.
GLADNESS,State or quality of being glad; pleasure; joyful
satisfaction;cheerfulness.They . . . did eat their meat with gladness and
singleness of heart.Acts ii. 46.
GLADSHIP,A state of gladness. [Obs.] Gower.
GLADSTONE,A four-wheeled pleasure carriage with two inside seats, calashtop, and
seats for driver and footman.
GLADWYN,See Gladen.
GLAIR,To smear with the white of an egg.
GLAIRE,See Glair.
GLAIREOUS,Glairy; covered with glair.
GLAIRIN,A glairy viscous substance, which forms on the surface ofcertain mineral
waters, or covers the sides of their inclosures; --called also baregin.
GLAIRY,Like glair, or partaking of its qualities; covered with glair;viscous and
transparent; slimy. Wiseman.
GLAMA,A copious gummy secretion of the humor of the eyelids, inconsequence of some
disorder; blearedness; lippitude.
GLAMOURIE,Glamour. [Scot.]
GLANCE,A name given to some sulphides, mostly dark-colored, which havea brilliant
metallic luster, as the sulphide of copper, called copperglance. Glance coal,
anthracite; a mineral composed chiefly ofcarbon.-- Glance cobalt, cobaltite, or
gray cobalt.-- Glance copper, c -- Glance wood, a hard wood grown in Cuba, andused
for gauging instruments, carpenters' rules, etc. McElrath.
GLANCINGLY,In a glancing manner; transiently; incidentally; indirectly.Hakewill.
GLAND,The movable part of a stuffing box by which the packing iscompressed; --
sometimes called a follower. See Illust. of Stuffingbox, under Stuffing.
GLANDAGE,A feeding on nuts or mast. [Obs.] Crabb.
GLANDERED,Affected with glanders; as, a glandered horse. Yu
GLANDEROUS,Of or pertaining to glanders; of the nature of glanders.Youatt.
GLANDERS,A highly contagious and very destructive disease of horses,asses, mules,
etc., characterized by a constant discharge of stickymatter from the nose, and an
enlargement and induration of the glandsbeneath and within the lower jaw. It may
transmitted to dogs, goats,sheep, and to human beings.
GLANDIFEROUS,Bearing acorns or other nuts; as, glandiferous trees.
GLANDIFORM,Having the form of a gland or nut; resembling a gland.
GLANDULAR,Containing or supporting glands; consisting of glands;pertaining to
glands.
GLANDULATION,The situation and structure of the secretory vessels in
plants.Martyn.Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are
eitherglandules, follicles, or utricles. J. Lee.
GLANDULE,A small gland or secreting vessel.
GLANDULIFEROUS,Bearing glandules.
GLANDULOSE,Same as Glandulous.
GLANDULOSITY,Quality of being glandulous; a collection of glands. [R.] SirT.
Browne.
GLANDULOUS,Containing glands; consisting of glands; pertaining to glands;resembling
glands.
GLANS,The vascular body which forms the apex of the penis, and theextremity of the
clitoris.
GLARE,To shoot out, or emit, as a dazzling light.Every eye Glared lightning, and
shot forth pernicious fire. Milton.
GLAREOUS,Glairy. John Georgy (1766).
GLARING,Clear; notorious; open and bold; barefaced; as, a glaringcrime.--
Glar"ing*ly, adv.
GLARY,Of a dazzling luster; glaring; bright; shining; smooth.Bright, crystal glass
is glary. Boyle.
GLASS,Any substance having a peculiar glassy appearance, and aconchoidal fracture,
and usually produced by fusion.
GLASS-CRAB,The larval state (Phyllosoma) of the genus Palinurus and alliedgenera.
It is remarkable for its strange outlines, thinness, andtransparency. See
Phyllosoma.
GLASS-FACED,Mirror-faced; reflecting the sentiments of another. [R.] "Theglass-
faced flatterer." Shak.
GLASS-GAZING,Given to viewing one's self in a glass or mirror; finical.[Poetic]
Shak.
GLASS-ROPE,A remarkable vitreous sponge, of the genus Hyalonema, firstbrought from
Japan. It has a long stem, consisting of a bundle oflong and large, glassy,
siliceous fibers, twisted together.
GLASS-SNAIL,A small, transparent, land snail, of the genus Vitrina.
GLASS-SNAKE,A long, footless lizard (Ophiosaurus ventralis), of theSouthern United
States; -- so called from its fragility, the taileasily breaking into small pieces.
It grows to the length of threefeet. The name is applied also to similar species
found in the OldWorld.
GLASS-SPONGE,A siliceous sponge, of the genus Hyalonema, and allied genera;-- so
called from their glassy fibers or spicules; -- called alsovitreous sponge. See
Glass-rope, and Euplectella.
GLASSEN,Glassy; glazed. [Obs.]And pursues the dice with glassen eyes. B. Jonson.
GLASSEYE,A fish of the great lakes; the wall-eyed pike.
GLASSFUL,The contents of a glass; as much of anything as a glass willhold.
GLASSHOUSE,A house where glass is made; a commercial house that deals inglassware.
GLASSILY,So as to resemble glass.
GLASSINESS,The quality of being glassy.
GLASSITE,A member of a Scottish sect, founded in the 18th century byJohn Glass, a
minister of the Established Church of Scotland, whotaught that justifying faith is
"no more than a simple assent to thedivine testimone passively recived by the
understanding." The Englishand American adherents of this faith are called
Sandemanians, afterRobert Sandeman, the son-in-law and disciple of Glass.
GLASSWARE,Ware, or articles collectively, made of glass.
GLASSWORK,Manufacture of glass; articles or ornamentation made of glass.
GLASSWORT,A seashore plant of the Spinach family (Salicornia herbacea),with
succulent jointed stems; also, a prickly plant of the samefamily (Salsola Kali),
both formerly burned for the sake of theashes, which yield soda for making glass
and soap.
GLASTONBURY THORN,A variety of the common hawthorn. Loudon.
GLASYNGE,Glazing or glass. [Obs.]
GLAUBERITE,A mineral, consisting of the sulphates of soda and lime.
GLAUCESCENT,Having a somewhat glaucous appearance or nature; becomingglaucous.
GLAUCIC,Of or pertaining to the Glaucium or horned poppy; -- formerlyapplied to an
acid derived from it, now known to be fumaric acid.
GLAUCINE,Glaucous or glaucescent.
GLAUCODOT,A metallic mineral having a grayish tin-white color, andcontaining cobalt
and iron, with sulphur and arsenic.
GLAUCOMA,Dimness or abolition of sight, with a diminution oftransparency, a bluish
or greenish tinge of the refracting media ofthe eye, and a hard inelastic condition
of the eyeball, with markedincrease of tension within the eyeball.
GLAUCOMATOUS,Having the nature of glaucoma.
GLAUCOMETER,See Gleucometer.
GLAUCONITE,The green mineral characteristic of the greensand of the chalkand other
formations. It is a hydrous silicate of iron and potash.See Greensand.
GLAUCOPHANE,A mineral of a dark bluish color, related to amphibole. It
ischaracteristic of certain crystalline rocks.
GLAUCOSIS,Same as Glaucoma.
GLAUCOUS,Covered with a fine bloom or fine white powder easily rubbedoff, as that
on a blue plum, or on a cabbage leaf. Gray.
GLAUCUS,A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks, found in the warmerlatitudes, swimming
in the open sea. These mollusks are beautifullycolored with blue and silvery white.
GLAUM,To grope with the hands, as in the dark. [Scot.] To glaum at,to grasp or
snatch at; to aspire to.Wha glaum'd at kingdoms three. Burns.
GLAVE,See Glaive.
GLAVERER,A flatterer. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.
GLAYMORE,A claymore. Johnson.
GLAZE,To apply thinly a transparent or semitransparent color to(another color), to
modify the effect.
GLAZEN,Resembling glass; glasslike; glazed. [Obs.] Wyclif.
GLAZIER,One whose business is to set glass. Glazier's diamond. Seeunder Diamond.
GLAZING,Transparent, or semitransparent, colors passed thinly overother colors, to
modify the effect.
GLAZY,Having a glazed appearance; -- said of the fractured surface ofsome kinds of
pin iron.
GLEAD,A live coal. See Gleed. [Archaic]
GLEAM,To disgorge filth, as a hawk.
GLEAMY,Darting beams of light; casting light in rays; flashing;coruscating.In
brazed arms, that cast a gleamy ray, Swift through the town thewarrior bends his
way. Pope.
GLEAN,A collection made by gleaning.The gleans of yellow thyme distend his thighs.
Dryden.
GLEANING,The act of gathering after reapers; that which is collected
bygleaning.Glenings of natural knowledge. Cook.
GLEBA,The chambered sporogenous tissue forming the central mass ofthe sporophore in
puff balls, stinkhorns, etc.
GLEBE,The land belonging, or yielding revenue, to a parish church orecclesiastical
benefice.
GLEBELESS,Having no glebe.
GLEBOSITY,The quality of being glebous. [R.]
GLEDE,The common European kite (Milvus ictinus). This name is alsosometimes applied
to the buzzard. [Written also glead, gled, gleed,glade, and glide.]
GLEE CLUB,A club or company organized for singing glees, and (byextension) part
songs, ballads, etc.
GLEE,An unaccompanied part song for three or more solo voices. It isnot necessarily
gleesome.
GLEED,A live or glowing coal; a glede. [Archaic] Chaucer. Longfellow.
GLEEFUL,Merry; gay; joyous. Shak.
GLEEK,An enticing look or glance. [Obs.]A pretty gleek coming from Pallas' eye.
Beau. & Fl.
GLEEMAN,A name anciently given to an itinerant minstrel or musician.
GLEEN,To glisten; to gleam. [Obs.] Prior.
GLEESOME,Merry; joyous; gleeful.
GLEET,A transparent mucous discharge from the membrane of theurethra, commonly an
effect of gonorrhea. Hoblyn.
GLEETY,Ichorous; thin; limpid. Wiseman.
GLEG,Quick of perception; alert; sharp. [Scot.] Jamieson.
GLEN,A secluded and narrow valley; a dale; a depression betweenhills.And wooes the
widow's daughter of the glen. Spenser.
GLENOID,Having the form of a smooth and shallow depression; sockas, theglenoid
cavity, or fossa, of the scapula, in which the head of thehumerus articulates.
GLENOIDAL,Glenoid.
GLENT,See Glint.
GLEUCOMETER,An instrument for measuring the specific gravity andascertaining the
quantity of sugar contained in must.
GLEW,See Glue. [Obs.]
GLEY,To squint; to look obliquely; to overlook things. [Scot.]Jamieson.
GLIADIN,Vegetable glue or gelatin; glutin. It is one of theconstituents of wheat
gluten, and is a tough, amorphous substance,which resembles animal glue or gelatin.
GLIB,To make glib. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
GLIBLY,In a glib manner; as, to speak glibly.
GLIBNESS,The quality of being glib.
GLICKE,An ogling look. [Obs.]
GLIDDEN,p. p. of Glide. Chaucer.
GLIDE,The glede or kite.
GLIDEN,p. p. of Glide. Chaucer.
GLIDER,One who, or that which, glides.
GLIDING ANGLE,The angle, esp. the least angle, at which a gliding machine
oraëroplane will glide to earth by virtue of gravity without appliedpower.
GLIDING MACHINE,A construction consisting essentially of one or more aëroplanesfor
gliding in an inclined path from a height to the ground.
GLIDINGLY,In a gliding manner.
GLIKE,A sneer; a flout. [Obs.]
GLIMMER,To give feeble or scattered rays of light; to shine faintly; toshow a
faint, unsteady light; as, the glimmering dawn; a glimmeringlamp.The west yet
glimmers with some streaks of day. Shak.
GLIMPSE,to appear by glimpses; to catch glimpses. Drayton.
GLINT,A glimpse, glance, or gleam. [Scot.] "He saw a glint of light."Ramsay.
GLIOMA,A tumor springing from the neuroglia or connective tissue ofthe brain,
spinal cord, or other portions of the nervous system.
GLIRES,An order of mammals; the Rodentia.-- Gli"rine, a.
GLISSADE,A sliding, as down a snow slope in the Alps. Tyndall.
GLISSANDO,A gliding effect; gliding.
GLISSETTE,The locus described by any point attached to a curve that
slipscontinuously on another fixed curve, the movable curve having norotation at
any instant.
GLIST,Glimmer; mica.
GLISTEN,To sparkle or shine; especially, to shine with a mild, subdued,and fitful
luster; to emit a soft, scintillating light; to gleam; as,the glistening stars.
GLISTER,To be bright; to sparkle; to be brilliant; to shine; toglisten; to
glitter.All that glisters is not gold. Shak.
GLISTERINGLY,In a glistering manner.
GLITTER,A bright, sparkling light; brilliant and showy luster;brilliancy; as, the
glitter of arms; the glitter of royal equipage.Milton.
GLITTERAND,Glittering. [Obs.] Spenser.
GLITTERINGLY,In a glittering manner.
GLOAM,To be sullen or morose. [Obs.]
GLOAR,To squint; to stare. [Obs.]
GLOAT,To look steadfastly; to gazIn vengeance gloating on another's pain. Byron.
GLOBARD,A glowworm. {Obs.] Holland.
GLOBE,To gather or form into a globe.
GLOBE-SHAPED,Shaped like a globe.
GLOBEFISH,A plectognath fish of the genera Diodon, Tetrodon, and alliedgenera. The
globefishes can suck in water or air and distend the bodyto a more or less globular
form. Called also porcupine fish, and seahedgehog. See Diodon.
GLOBIFEROUS,Having a round or globular tip.
GLOBIGERINA,A genus of small Foraminifera, which live abundantly at or nearthe
surface of the sea. Their dead shells, falling to the bottom,make up a large part
of the soft mud, generally found in depths below3,000 feet, and called globigerina
ooze. See Illust. of Foraminifera.
GLOBOSE,Having a rounded form resembling that of a globe; globular, ornearly so;
spherical. Milton.
GLOBOSELY,In a globular manner; globularly.
GLOBOSITY,Sphericity. Ray.
GLOBOUS,Spherical. Milton.
GLOBULAR,Globe-shaped; having the form of a ball or sphere; spherical,or nearly so;
as, globular atoms. Milton. Globular chart, a chart ofthe earth's surface
constructed on the principles of the globularprojection.-- Globular projection (Map
Projection), a perspective projection ofthe surface of a hemisphere upon a plane
parallel to the base of thehemisphere, the point of sight being taken in the axis
producedbeyond the surface of the opposite hemisphere a distance equal to theradius
of the sphere into the sine of 45º.-- Globular sailing, sailing on the arc of a
great circle, or so asto make the shortest distance between two places; circular
sailing.
GLOBULARITY,The state of being globular; globosity; sphericity.
GLOBULARLY,Spherically.
GLOBULARNESS,Sphericity; globosity.
GLOBULE,A minute spherical or rounded structure; as blood, lymph, andpus
corpuscles, minute fungi, spores, etc.
GLOBULET,A little globule. Crabb.
GLOBULIFEROUS,Bearing globules; in geology, used of rocks, and denoting avariety of
concretionary structure, where the concretions areisolated globules and evenly
distributed through the texture of therock.
GLOBULIMETER,An instrument for measuring the number of red blood corpusclesin the
blood.
GLOBULIN,An albuminous body, insoluble in water, but soluble in dilutesolutions of
salt. It is present in the red blood corpuscles unitedwith hæmatin to form
hæmoglobin. It is also found in the crystallinelens of the eye, and in blood serum,
and is sometimes calledcrystallin. In the plural the word is applied to a group of
proteidsubstances such as vitellin, myosin, fibrinogen, etc., all insolublein
water, but soluble in dilute salt solutions.
GLOBULITE,A rudimentary form of crystallite, spherical in shape.
GLOBULOUS,Globular; spherical; orbicular.-- Glob"u*lous*ness, n.
GLOBY,Resembling, or pertaining to, a globe; round; orbicular. "Thegloby sea."
Milton.
GLOCHIDIATE,Having barbs; as, glochidiate bristles. Gray.
GLOCHIDIUM,The larva or young of the mussel, formerly thought to be aparasite upon
the parent's gills.
GLOCKENSPIEL,An instrument, originally a series of bells on an iron rod, nowa set
of flat metal bars, diatonically tuned, giving a bell-like tonewhen played with a
mallet; a carillon.
GLODE,imp. of Glide. Chaucer.
GLOME,Gloom. [Obs.]
GLOMERATE,Gathered together in a roundish mass or dense cluster;conglomerate.
GLOMEROUS,Gathered or formed into a ball or round mass. [Obs.] Blount.
GLOMERULE,A head or dense cluster of flowers, formed by condensation of acyme, as
in the flowering dogwood.
GLOMERULUS,The bunch of looped capillary blood vessels in a Malpighiancapsule of
the kidney.
GLOMULIFEROUS,Having small clusters of minutely branched coral-likeexcrescences. M.
C. Cooke.
GLOOMILY,In a gloomy manner.
GLOOMINESS,State of being gloomy. Addison.
GLOOMING,Twilight (of morning or evening); the gloaming.When the faint glooming in
the sky First lightened into day. Trench.The balmy glooming, crescent-lit.
Tennyson.
GLOOMTH,Gloom. [R.] Walpole.
GLOPPEN,To surprise or astonish; to be startled or astonished. [Prov.Eng.]
Halliwell.
GLORE,To glare; to glower. [Obs.] Halliwell.
GLORIATION,Boast; a triumphing. [Obs.] Bp. Richardson.Internal gloriation or
triumph of the mind. Hobbes.
GLORIED,Illustrious; honorable; noble. [Obs.] Milton.
GLORIOLE,An aureole. [R.] Msr. Browning.
GLORIOSA,A genus of climbing plants with very showy lilylike blossoms,natives of
India.
GLORIOSER,A boaster. [Obs.] Greene.
GLORIOSO,A boaster. [Obs.] Fuller.
GLOSE,See Gloze. Chaucer.
GLOSER,See Glosser.
GLOSS,To give a superficial luster or gloss to; to make smooth andshining; as, to
gloss cloth.The glossed and gleamy wave. J. R. Drake.
GLOSSA,The tongue, or lingua, of an insect. See Hymenoptera.
GLOSSAL,Of or pertaining to the tongue; lingual.
GLOSSANTHRAX,A disease of horses and cattle accompanied by carbuncles in themouth
and on the tongue.
GLOSSARIAL,Of or pertaining to glosses or to a glossary; containing aglossary.
GLOSSARIALLY,In the manner of a glossary.
GLOSSARIST,A writer of glosses or of a glossary; a commentator; ascholiast.
Tyrwhitt.
GLOSSARY,A collection of glosses or explanations of words and passagesof a work or
author; a partial dictionary of a work, an author, adialect, art, or science,
explaining archaic, technical, or otheruncommon words.
GLOSSATA,The Lepidoptera.
GLOSSATOR,A writer of glosses or comments; a commentator. [R.] "The . . .glossators
of Aristotle." Milman.
GLOSSER,A polisher; one who gives a luster.
GLOSSIC,A system of phonetic spelling based upon the present values ofEnglish
letters, but invariably using one symbol to represent onesound only.Ingglish Glosik
konvaiA. J. Ellis.
GLOSSILY,In a glossy manner.
GLOSSINESS,The condition or quality of being glossy; the luster orbrightness of a
smooth surface. Boyle.
GLOSSIST,A writer of comments. [Obs.] Milton.
GLOSSITIS,Inflammation of the tongue.
GLOSSLY,Like gloss; specious. Cowley.
GLOSSOCOMON,A kind of hoisting winch.
GLOSSOEPIGLOTTIC,Pertaining to both tongue and epiglottis; as,
glossoepiglotticfolds.
GLOSSOGRAPHER,A writer of a glossary; a commentator; a scholiast. Hayward.
GLOSSOGRAPHICAL,Of or pertaining to glossography.
GLOSSOGRAPHY,The writing of glossaries, glosses, or comments forillustrating an
author.
GLOSSOHYAL,Pertaining to both the hyoidean arch and the tongue; -- appliedto the
anterior segment of the hyoidean arch in many fishes.-- n. The glossohyal bone or
cartilage; lingual bone; entoglossalbone.
GLOSSOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to glossology.
GLOSSOLOGIST,One who defines and explains terms; one who is versed inglossology.
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL,Pertaining to both the tongue and the pharynx; --
appliedespecially to the ninth pair of cranial nerves, which are distributedto the
pharynx and tongue.-- n. One of the glossopharyngeal nerves.
GLOST OVEN,An oven in which glazed pottery is fired; -- also called glazekiln, or
glaze.
GLOTTAL,Of or pertaining to, or produced by, the glottis; glottic.Glottal catch, an
effect produced upon the breath or voice by asudden opening or closing of the
glotts. Sweet.
GLOTTIS,The opening from the pharynx into the larynx or into thetrachea. See
Larynx.
GLOTTOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to glottology.
GLOTTOLOGIST,A linguist; a philologist.
GLOTTOLOGY,The science of tongues or languages; comparative philology;glossology.
GLOUT,To pout; to look sullen. [Obs.] Garth.
GLOVE,To cover with, or as with, a glove.
GLOVER,One whose trade it is to make or sell gloves. Glover's sutureor stitch, a
kind of stitch used in sewing up wounds, in which thethread is drawn alternately
through each side from within outward.
GLOW,To make hot; to flush. [Poetic]Fans, whose wind did seem To glow the delicate
cheeks which they didcool. Shak.
GLOWBARD,The glowworm. [Obs.]
GLOWER,to look intently; to stare angrily or with a scowl. Thackeray.
GLOWINGLY,In a glowing manner; with ardent heat or passion.
GLOWLAMP,An aphlogistic lamp. See Aphlogistic.
GLOWWORM,A coleopterous insect of the genus Lampyris; esp., the winglessfemales and
larvæ of the two European species (L. noctiluca, and L.splendidula), which emit
light from some of the abdominal segments.Like a glowworm in the night, The which
hath fire in darkness, nonein light. Shak.
GLOXINIA,American genus of herbaceous plants with very handsome bell-shaped
blossoms; -- named after B. P. Gloxin, a German botanist.
GLOZE,To smooth over; to palliate.By glozing the evil that is in the world. I.
Taylor.
GLOZER,A flatterer. [Obs.] Gifford (1580).
GLUCIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, sugar; as, glucic acid.
GLUCINA,A white or gray tasteless powder, the oxide of the elementglucinum; --
formerly called glucine.
GLUCINIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, glucinum; as,glucinic oxide.
GLUCINUM,A rare metallic element, of a silver white color, and lowspecific gravity
(2.1), resembling magnesium. It never occursnaturally in the free state, but is
always combined, usually withsilica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals
phenacite,chrysoberyl, beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. It was namedfrom
its oxide glucina, which was known long before the element wasisolated. Symbol Gl.
Atomic weight 9.1. Called also beryllium.[Formerly written also glucinium.]
GLUCOGEN,See Glycogen.
GLUCOGENESIS,Glycogenesis. [R.]
GLUCONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, glucose. Gluconic acid (Chem.),an organic
acid, obtained as a colorless, sirupy liquid, by theoxidation of glucose; -- called
also maltonic acid, and dextronicacid.
GLUCOSE,Any one of a large class of sugars, isometric with glucoseproper, and
including levulose, galactose, etc.
GLUCOSIDE,One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances,occurring
very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, andregarded as influental
agents in the formation and disposition of thesugars. They are frequently of a
bitter taste, but, by the action offerments, or of dilute acids and alkalies,
always break down intosome characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol,
phenole, oralkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They areof
the nature of complex and compound ethers, and ethereal salts ofthe sugar
carbohydrates.
GLUCOSURIA,A condition in which glucose is discharged in the urine;diabetes
mellitus.
GLUE,A hard brittle brownish gelatin, obtained by boiling to a jellythe skins,
hoofs, etc., of animals. When gently heated with water, itbecomes viscid and
tenaceous, and is used as a cement for unitingsubstances. The name is also given to
other adhesive or viscoussubstances. Bee glue. See under Bee.-- Fish glue, a strong
kind of glue obtained from fish skins andbladders; isinglass.-- Glue plant (Bot.),
a fucoid seaweed (Gloiopeltis tenax).-- Liquid glue, a fluid preparation of glue
and acetic acidoralcohol.-- Marine glue, a solution of caoutchouc in naphtha, with
shellac,used in shipbuilding.
GLUEPOT,A utensil for melting glue, consisting of an inner pot holdingthe glue,
immersed in an outer one containing water which is heatedto soften the glue.
GLUER,One who cements with glue.
GLUEY,Viscous; glutinous; of the nature of, or like, glue.
GLUEYNESS,Viscidity.
GLUISH,Somewhat gluey. Sherwood.
GLUM,Sullenness. [Obs.] Skelton.
GLUMACEOUS,Having glumes; consisting of glumes.
GLUMAL,Characterized by a glume, or having the nature of a glume.
GLUME,The bracteal covering of the flowers or seeds of grain andgrasses; esp., an
outer husk or bract of a spikelt. Gray.
GLUMLY,In a glum manner; sullenly; moodily.
GLUMMY,dark; gloomy; dismal. [Obs.]
GLUMNESS,Moodiness; sullenness.
GLUMP,To manifest sullenness; to sulk. [Colloq.]
GLUMPY,Glum; sullen; sulky. [Colloq.] "He was glumpy enough." T. Hook.
GLUNCH,Frowning; sulky; sullen. Sir W. Scott.-- n.
GLUT,To eat gluttonously or to satiety.Like three horses that have broken fence,
And glutted all night longbreast-deep in corn. Tennyson.
GLUTACONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, an acid intermediate betweenglutaric and
aconitic acids.
GLUTAEUS,The great muscle of the buttock in man and most mammals, andthe
corresponding muscle in many lower animals.
GLUTAMIC,Of or pertaining to gluten. Glutamic acid, a nitrogenousorganic acid
obtained from certain albuminoids, as gluten; -- calledalso amido-glutaric
acid.C5H9NO4.
GLUTARIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid so called; as,glutaric ethers.
Glutaric acid, an organic acid obtained as a whitecrystalline substance, isomeric
with pyrotartaric acid; -- calledalso normal pyrotartaric acid.
GLUTAZINE,A nitrogenous substance, forming a heavy, sandy powder, whiteor nearly
so. It is a derivative of pyridine.
GLUTEAL,Pertaining to, or in the region of, the glutæus.
GLUTEN,The viscid, tenacious substance which gives adhesiveness todough.
GLUTEUS,Same as Glutæus.
GLUTINATE,To unite with glue; to cement; to stick together. Bailey.
GLUTINATION,The act of uniting with glue; sticking together.
GLUTINATIVE,Having the quality of cementing; tenacious; viscous; glutinous.
GLUTINOSITY,The quality of being glutinous; viscousness. [R.]
GLUTINOUS,Havig a moist and adhesive or sticky surface, as a leaf orgland.
GLUTINOUSNESS,The quality of being glutinous.
GLUTTON,A carnivorous mammal (Gulo luscus), of the family Mustelidæ,about the size
of a large badger. It was formerly believed to beinordinately voracious, whence the
name; the wolverene. It is anative of the northern parts of America, Europe, and
Asia. Gluttonbird (Zoöl.), the giant fulmar (Ossifraga gigantea); -- called
alsoMother Carey's goose, and mollymawk.
GLUTTONISH,Gluttonous; greedy. Sir P. Sidney.
GLUTTONIZE,To eat to excess; to eat voraciously; to gormandize. Hallywell.
GLUTTONOUS,Given to gluttony; eating to excess; indulging the appetite;voracious;
as, a gluttonous age.-- Glut"ton*ous*ly, adv.-- Glut"ton*ous*ness, n.
GLUTTONY,Excess in eating; extravagant indulgence of the appetite forfood;
voracity.Their sumptuous gluttonies, and gorgeous feasts. Milton.
GLYCERATE,A salt of glyceric acid.
GLYCERIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, glycerin. Glyceric acid(Chem.), an organic
acid, obtained by the partial oxidation ofglycerin, as a thick liquid. It is a
hydroxyl derivative of propionicacid, and has both acid and alcoholic properties.
GLYCERIDE,A compound ether (formed from glycerin). Some glycerides existready
formed as natural fats, others are produced artificially.
GLYCERITE,A medicinal preparation made by mixing or dissolving asubstance in
glycerin.
GLYCEROL,Same as Glycerin.
GLYCEROLE,Same as Glycerite.
GLYCERYL,A compound radical, C3H5, regarded as the essential radical ofglycerin. It
is metameric with allyl. Called also propenyl.
GLYCIDE,A colorless liquid, obtained from certain derivatives ofglycerin, and
regarded as a partially dehydrated glycerin; -- calledalso glycidic alcohol.
GLYCIDIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, glycide; as, glycidic acid.
GLYCIN,Same as Glycocoll.
GLYCOCHOLATE,A salt of glycocholic acid; as, sodium glycocholate.
GLYCOCHOLIC,Pertaining to, or composed of, glycocoll and cholic acid.Glycocholic
acid (Physiol. Chem.), a conjugate acid, composed ofglycocoll and cholic acid,
present in bile in the form of a sodiumsalt. The acid commonly forms a resinous
mass, but can becrystallized in long, white needles.
GLYCOCIN,Same as Glycocoll.
GLYCOCOLL,A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, with a sweet taste,formed from
hippuric acid by boiling with hydrochloric acid, andpresent in bile united with
cholic acid. It is also formed fromgelatin by decomposition with acids. Chemically,
it is amido-aceticacid. Called also glycin, and glycocin.
GLYCOGEN,A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch,soluble in water
to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly inthe liver of most animals, and in
small quantity in other organs andtissues, particularly in the embryo. It is
quickly changed into sugarwhen boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid,
and also bythe action of amylolytic ferments.
GLYCOGENIC,Pertaining to, or caused by, glycogen; as, the glycogenicfunction of the
liver.
GLYCOLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, glycolic ether;glycolic acid.
Glycolic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, foundnaturally in unripe grapes and in the
leaves of the wild grape(Ampelopsis quinquefolia), and produced artificially in
many ways, asby the oxidation of glycol, -- whence its name. It is a sirupy,
orwhite crystalline, substance, HO.CH2.CO2H, has the properties both ofan alcohol
and an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids; -- calledalso hydroxyacetic acid.
GLYCOLIDE,A white amorphous powder, C4H4O, obtained by heating anddehydrating
glycolic acid. [Written also glycollide.]
GLYCOLURIC,Pertaining to, derived from, glycol and urea; as, glycoluricacid, which
is called also hydantoic acid.
GLYCOLURIL,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, obtained by thereduction of
allantoïn.
GLYCOLYL,A divalent, compound radical, CO.CH2, regarded as the essentialradical of
glycolic acid, and a large series of related compounds.
GLYCONIAN,Glyconic.
GLYCONIC,Consisting of a spondee, a choriamb, and a pyrrhic; -- appliedto a kind of
verse in Greek and Latin poetry.-- n. (Pros.)
GLYCONIN,An emulsion of glycerin and the yolk of eggs, used as anointment, as a
vehicle for medicines, etc.
GLYCOSE,One of a class of carbohydrates having from three to nine atomsof carbon in
the molecules and having the constitution either of analdehyde alcohol or of a
ketone alcohol. Most glycoses have hydrogenand oxygen present in the proportion to
form water, while the numberof carbon atoms is usually equal to the number of atoms
of oxygen.
GLYCOSINE,An organic base, C6H6N4, produced artificially as a white,crystalline
powder, by the action of ammonia on glyoxal.
GLYCOSOMETER,An apparatus for determining the amount of sugar in diabeticurine.
GLYCOSURIA,Same as Gluoosuria.
GLYCYRRHIZA,A genus of papilionaceous herbaceous plants, one species ofwhich (G.
glabra), is the licorice plant, the roots of which have abittersweet mucilaginous
taste.
GLYCYRRHIZIMIC,From, or pertaining to, glycyrrhizin; as, glycyrrhizimic acid.
GLYCYRRHIZIN,A glucoside found in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza), in monesiabark
(Chrysophyllum), in the root of the walnut, etc., and extractedas a yellow,
amorphous powder, of a bittersweet taste.
GLYOXAL,A white, amorphous, deliquescent powder, (CO.H)2, obtained bythe partial
oxidation of glycol. It is a double aldehyde, betweenglycol and oxalic acid.
GLYOXALIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an aldehyde acid, intermediatebetween
glycol and oxalic acid. [Written also glyoxylic.]
GLYOXALINE,A white, crystalline, organic base, C3H4N2, produced by theaction of
ammonia on glyoxal, and forming the origin of a large classof derivatives hence,
any one of the series of which glyoxaline is atype; -- called also oxaline.
GLYOXIME,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, produced by theaction of
hydroxylamine on glyoxal, and belonging to the class ofoximes; also, any one of a
group of substances resembling glyoximeproper, and of which it is a type. See
Oxime.
GLYPH,A sunken channel or groove, usually vertical. See Triglyph.
GLYPHIC,Of or pertaining to sculpture or carving of any sort, esp. toglyphs.
GLYPHOGRAPH,A plate made by glyphography, or an impression taken from sucha plate.
GLYPHOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to glyphography.
GLYPHOGRAPHY,A process similar to etching, in which, by means of
voltaicelectricity, a raised copy of a drawing is made, so that it can beused to
print from.
GLYPTIC,Figured; marked as with figures.
GLYPTICS,The art of engraving on precious stones.
GLYPTODON,An extinct South American quaternary mammal, allied to thearmadillos. It
was as large as an ox, was covered with tessellatedscales, and had fluted teeth.
Owen.
GLYPTODONT,One of a family (glyptodontidæ) of extinct South Americanedentates, of
which Glyptodon is the type. About twenty species areknown.
GLYPTOGRAPHIC,Relating to glyptography, or the art of engraving on preciousstones.
[R.]
GLYPTOGRAPHY,The art or process of engraving on precious stones. [R.]
GLYPTOTHECA,A building or room devoted to works of sculpture.
GLYSTER,Same as Clyster.
GMELINITE,A rhombohedral zeolitic mineral, related in form andcomposition to
chabazite.
GNAPHALIUM,A genus of composite plants with white or colored dry andpersistent
involucres; a kind of everlasting.
GNAR,A knot or gnarl in wood; hence, a tough, thickset man; --written also gnarr.
[Archaic]He was . . . a thick gnarre. Chaucer.
GNARL,To growl; to snarl.And wolves are gnarling who shall gnaw thee first. Shak.
GNARLED,Knotty; full of knots or gnarls; twisted; crossgrained.The unwedgeable and
gnarléd oak. Shak.
GNARLY,Full of knots; knotty; twisted; crossgrained.
GNASH,To strike together, as in anger or pain; as, to gnash theteeth.
GNASHINGLY,With gnashing.
GNAT,A blood-sucking dipterous fly, of the genus Culex, undergoing ametamorphosis
in water. The females have a proboscis armed withneedlelike organs for penetrating
the skin of animals. These arewanting in the males. In America they are generally
calledmosquitoes. See Mosquito.
GNATHIC,Of or pertaining to the jaw. Gnathic index, in a skull, theratio of the
distance from the middle of the nasofrontal suture tothe basion (taken equal to
100), to the distance from the basion tothe middle of the front edge of the upper
jaw; -- called alsoalveolar index.Skulls with the gnathic index below 98 are
orthognathous, from 98 to103 mesognathous, and above 103 are prognathous. Flower.
GNATHIDIUM,The ramus of the lower jaw of a bird as far as it is naked; --commonly
used in the plural.
GNATHITE,Any one of the mouth appendages of the Arthropoda. They areknown as
mandibles, maxillæ, and maxillipeds.
GNATHOPOD,A gnathopodite or maxilliped. See Maxilliped.
GNATHOPODITE,Any leglike appendage of a crustacean, when modified wholly, orin
part, to serve as a jaw, esp. one of the maxillipeds.
GNATHOSTEGITE,One of a pair of broad plates, developed from the outermaxillipeds of
crabs, and forming a cover for the other mouth organs.
GNATHOSTOMA,A comprehensive division of vertebrates, including all thathave
distinct jaws, in contrast with the leptocardians andmarsipobranchs (Cyclostoma),
which lack them. [Written alsoGnathostomata.]
GNATHOTHECA,The horney covering of the lower mandible of a bird.
GNATLING,A small gnat.
GNATWORM,The aquatic larva of a gnat; -- called also, colloquially,wiggler.
GNAW,To use the teeth in biting; to bite with repeated effort, as ineating or
removing with the teethsomething hard, unwiedly, orunmanageable.I might well, like
the spaniel, gnaw upon the chain that ties me. SirP. Sidney.
GNAWER,A rodent.
GNEISS,A crystalline rock, consisting, like granite, of quartz,feldspar, and mica,
but having these materials, especially the mica,arranged in planes, so that it
breaks rather easily into coarse slabsor flags. Hornblende sometimes takes the
place of the mica, and it isthen called hornblendic or syenitic gneiss. Similar
varieties ofrelated rocks are also called gneiss.
GNEISSIC,Relating to, or resembling, gneiss; consisting of gneiss.
GNEISSOID,Resembling gneiss; having some of the characteristics ofgneiss; --
applied to rocks of an intermediate character betweengranite and gneiss, or mica
slate and gneiss.
GNEISSOSE,Having the structure of gneiss.
GNEW,imp. of Gnaw. Chaucer.
GNIDE,To rub; to bruise; to break in pieces. [Obs.]
GNOF,Churl; curmudgeon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GNOME,A small owl (Glaucidium gnoma) of the Western United States.
GNOMICAL,Gnomonical. Boyle.
GNOMICALLY,In a gnomic, didactic, or sententious manner.
GNOMOLOGY,A collection of, or a treatise on, maxims, grave sentences,
orreflections. [Obs.] Milton.
GNOMON,The style or pin, which by its shadow, shows the hour of theday. It is
usually set parallel to the earth's axis.
GNOMONICALLY,According to the principles of the gnomonic projection.
GNOMONICS,The art or science of dialing, or of constructing dials to showthe hour
of the day by the shadow of a gnomon.
GNOMONIST,One skilled in gnomonics. Boyle.
GNOMONOLOGY,A treatise on gnomonics.
GNOSCOPINE,An alkaloid existing in small quantities in opium.
GNOSIS,The deeper wisdom; knowledge of spiritual truth, such as wasclaimed by the
Gnostics.
GNOSTIC,Of or pertaining to Gnosticism or its adherents; as, theGnostic heresy.
GNOSTICISM,The system of philosophy taught by the Gnostics.
GNOW,Gnawed. Chaucer.
GNU,One of two species of large South African antelopes of thegenus Catoblephas,
having a mane and bushy tail, and curved horns inboth sexes. [Written also gnoo.]
GO,Gone. Chaucer.
GO-BETWEEN,An intermediate agent; a broker; a procurer; -- usually in adisparaging
sense. Shak.
GO-BY,A passing without notice; intentional neglect; thrusting away;a shifting off;
adieu; as, to give a proposal the go-by.Some songs to which we have given the go-
by. Prof. Wilson.
GO-OUT,A sluice in embankments against the sea, for letting out theland waters,
when the tide is out. [Written also gowt.]
GOA POWDER,A bitter powder (also called araroba) found in the interspacesof the
wood of a Brazilian tree (Andira araroba) and used as amedicine. It is the material
from which chrysarobin is obtained.
GOA,A species of antelope (Procapra picticauda), inhabiting Thibet.
GOAD,A pointed instrument used to urge on a beast; hence, anynecessity that urges
or stimulates.The daily goad urging him to the daily toil. Macaulay.
GOAF,That part of a mine from which the mineral has been partiallyor wholly
removed; the waste left in old workings; -- called also gob. To work the goaf or
gob, to remove the pillars of mineral matterpreviously left to support the roof,
and replace them with props.Ure.
GOAR,Same as lst Gore.
GOARISH,Patched; mean. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
GOAT,A hollow-horned ruminant of the genus Capra, of several speciesand varieties,
esp. the domestic goat (C. hircus), which is raisedfor its milk, flesh, and skin.
GOATEE,A part of a man's beard on the chin or lower lip which isallowed to grow,
and trimmed so as to resemble the beard of a goat.
GOATFISH,A fish of the genus Upeneus, inhabiting the Gulf of Mexico. Itis allied to
the surmullet.
GOATHERD,One who tends goats. Spenser.
GOATISH,Characteristic of a goat; goatlike.Give your chaste body up to the embraces
Of goatish lust. Massinger.-- Goat"ish*ly, adv.-- Goat"ish*ness, n.
GOATLIKE,Like a goat; goatish.
GOATSKIN,The skin of a goat, or leather made from it.-- a.
GOATSUCKER,One of several species of insectivorous birds, belonging toCaprimulgus
and allied genera, esp. the European species (CaprimulgusEuropæus); -- so called
from the mistaken notion that it sucks goats.The European species is also goat-
milker, goat owl, goat chaffer,fern owl, night hawk, nightjar, night churr, churr-
owl, gnat hawk,and dorhawk .
GOAVES,Old workings. See Goaf. Raymond.
GOB,Same as Goaf.
GOBANG,A Japanese game, played on a checkerboard, in which the objectof the game is
to be the first in placing five pieces, or men, in arow in any direction.
GOBBET,A mouthful; a lump; a small piece. Spenser.[He] had broken the stocks to
small gobbets. Wyclif.
GOBBETLY,In pieces. [Obs.] Huloet.
GOBBLE,A noise made in the throat.Ducks and geese . . . set up a discordant gobble.
Mrs. Gore.
GOBBLER,A turkey cock; a bubbling Jock.
GOBELIN,Pertaining to tapestry produced in the so-called Gobelin works,which have
been maintained by the French Government since 1667.
GOBEMOUCHE,Literally, a fly swallower; hence, once who keeps his mouthopen; a boor;
a silly and credulous person.
GOBET,See Gobbet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOBIOID,Like, or pertaining to, the goby, or the genus Gobius.-- n.
GOBLET,A kind of cup or drinking vessel having a foot or standard, butwithout a
handle.We love not loaded boards and goblets crowned. Denham.
GOBLIN,An evil or mischievous spirit; a playful or malicious elf; afrightful
phantom; a gnome.To whom the goblin, full of wrath, replied. Milton.
GOBLINE,One of the ropes or chains serving as stays for the dolphinstriker or the
bowsprit; -- called also gobrope and gaubline.
GOBLINIZE,To transform into a goblin. [R.] Lowell.
GOBSTICK,A stick or device for removing the hook from a fish's gullet.
GOBY,One of several species of small marine fishes of the genusGobius and allied
genera.
GOCART,A framework moving on casters, designed to support childrenwhile learning to
walk.
GOD,Good. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOD-FEARING,Having a reverential and loving feeling towards God; religious.A brave
good-fearing man. Tennyson.
GODCHILD,One for whom a person becomes sponsor at baptism, and whom hepromises to
see educated as a Christian; a godson or goddaughter. SeeGodfather.
GODDAUGHTER,A female for whom one becomes sponsor at baptism.
GODE,Good. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GODE-YEAR,The venereal disease; -- often used as a mild oath. [Obs.]Shak.
GODELICH,Goodly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GODFATHER,A man who becomes sponsor for a child at baptism, and makeshimself a
surety for its Christian training and instruction.There shall be for every Male-
child to be baptized, when they can behad, two Godfathers and one Godmother; and
for every Female, oneGodfather and two Godmothers; and Parents shall be admitted
asSponsors, if it is desired. Book of Common Prayer (Prot. Episc. Ch.,U. S. ).
GODHOOD,Divine nature or essence; deity; godhead.
GODILD,A corruption of God yield, i. e., God reward or bless. Shak.
GODLESS,Having, or acknowledging, no God; without reverence for God;impious;
wicked.-- God"less*ly, adv.-- God"less*ness, n.
GODLIKE,Resembling or befitting a god or God; divine; hence,preeminently good; as,
godlike virtue.-- God"like`ness, n.
GODLILY,Righteously. H. Wharton.
GODLINESS,Careful observance of, or conformity to, the laws of God; thestate or
quality of being godly; piety.Godliness is profitable unto all things. 1 Tim. iv.
8.
GODLING,A diminutive god. Dryden.
GODLY,Pious; reverencing God, and his character and laws; obedient tothe commands
of God from love for, and reverence of, his character;conformed to God's law;
devout; righteous; as, a godly life.For godly sorrow worketh repentance. 2 Cor.
vii. 10.
GODLYHEAD,Goodness. [Obs.] Spenser.
GODMOTHER,A woman who becomes sponsor for a child in baptism. SeeGodfather
GODOWN,A warehouse. [East Indies]
GODROON,An ornament produced by notching or carving a rounded molding.
GODSEND,Something sent by God; an unexpected acquisiton or piece ofgood fortune.
GODSHIP,The rank or character of a god; deity; divinity; a god orgoddess.O'er hills
and dales their godships came. Prior.
GODSIB,A gossip. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GODSON,A male for whom one has stood sponsor in baptism. SeeGodfather.
GODSPEED,Success; prosperous journeying; -- a contraction of the phrase,"God speed
you." [Written also as two separate words.]Receive him not into house, neither bid
him God speed. 2 John 10.
GODWARD,Toward God. 2 Cor. iii. 4.
GODWIT,One of several species of long-billed, wading birds of thegenus Limosa, and
family Tringidæ. The European black-tailed godwit(Limosa limosa), the American
marbled godwit (L. fedoa), theHudsonian godwit (L. hæmastica), and others, are
valued as gamebirds. Called also godwin.
GOEL,Yellow. [Obs.] Tusser.
GOELAND,A white tropical tern (Cygis candida).
GOEMIN,A complex mixture of several substances extracted from Irishmoss.
GOEN,p. p. of Go. [Obs.]
GOER,One who, or that which, goes; a runner or walker; as:(a) A foot. [Obs.]
Chapman.(b) A horse, considered in reference to his gait; as, a good goer; asafe
goer.This antechamber has been filled with comers and goers. Macaulay.
GOETY,Invocation of evil spirits; witchcraft. [Obs.] Hallywell.
GOFF,A silly clown. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
GOFFER,To plait, flute, or crimp. See Gauffer. Clarke.
GOG,Haste; ardent desire to go. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
GOGGLE,To roll the eyes; to stare.And wink and goggle like an owl. Hudibras.
GOGGLE-EYED,Having prominent and distorted or rolling eyes. Ascham.
GOGGLED,Prominent; staring, as the eye.
GOGGLER,A carangoid oceanic fish (Trachurops crumenophthalmus), havingvery large
and prominent eyes; -- called also goggle-eye, big-eyedscad, and cicharra.
GOGLET,See Gurglet.
GOING,Course of life; behavior; doings; ways.His eyes are upon the ways of man, and
he seeth all his goings. Jobxxxiv. 21.Going barrel. (Horology) (a) A barrel
containing the mainspring, andhaving teeth on its periphery to drive the train. (b)
A device formaintaining a force to drive the train while the timepiece is
beingwound up.-- Going forth. (Script.) (a) Outlet; way of exit. "Every goingforth
of the sanctuary." Ezek. xliv. 5. (b) A limit; a border. "Thegoing forth thereof
shall be from the south to Kadesh-barnea." Num.xxxiv. 4.-- Going out, or Goings
out. (Script.) (a) The utmost extremity orlimit. "The border shall go down to
Jordan, and the goings out of itshall be at the salt sea." Num. xxxiv. 12. (b)
Departure orjourneying. "And Moses wrote their goings out according to
theirjourneys." Num. xxxiii. 2.-- Goings on, behavior; actions; conduct; -- usually
in a bad sense.
GOITROUS,Pertaining to the goiter; affected with the goiter; of thenature of goiter
or bronchocele.Let me not be understood as insinuating that the inhabitants
ingeneral are either goitrous or idiots. W. Coxe.
GOLD,A metallic element, constituting the most precious metal usedas a common
commercial medium of exchange. It has a characteristicyellow color, is one of the
heaviest substances known (specificgravity 19.32), is soft, and very malleable and
ductile. It is quiteunalterable by heat, moisture, and most corrosive agents,
andtherefore well suited for its use in coin and jewelry. Symbol Au(Aurum). Atomic
weight 196.7.
GOLD-BEATEN,Gilded. [Obs.]
GOLD-BEATING,The art or process of reducing gold to extremely thin leaves,by
beating with a hammer. Ure.
GOLD-BOUND,Encompassed with gold.
GOLD-HAMMER,The yellow-hammer.
GOLDCREST,The European golden-crested kinglet (Regulus cristatus, or R.regulus); --
called also golden-crested wren, and golden wren. Thename is also sometimes applied
to the American golden-crestedkinglet. See Kinglet.
GOLDCUP,The cuckoobud.
GOLDEN STATE,California; -- a nickname alluding to its rich gold deposits.
GOLDEN-EYE,A duck (Glaucionetta clangula), found in Northern Europe, Asia,and
America. The American variety (var. Americana) is larger. Calledwhistler, garrot,
gowdy, pied widgeon, whiteside, curre, and doucker.Barrow's golden-eye of America
(G. Islandica) is less common.
GOLDEN-ROD,A tall herb (Solidago Virga-aurea), bearing yellow flowers in agraceful
elongated cluster. The name is common to all the species ofthe genus Solidago.
Golden-rod tree (Bot.), a shrub (BoseaYervamora), a native of the Canary Isles.
GOLDENLY,In golden terms or a golden manner; splendidly; delightfully.[Obs.] Shak.
GOLDFINNY,One of two or more species of European labroid fishes(Crenilabrus melops,
and Ctenolabrus rupestris); -- called alsogoldsinny, and goldney.
GOLDILOCKS,Same as Goldylocks.
GOLDLESS,Destitute of gold.
GOLDNEY,See Gilthead.
GOLDSEED,Dog's-tail grass.
GOLDSINNY,See Goldfinny.
GOLDTIT,See Verdin.
GOLDYLOCKS,A plant of several species of the genus Chrysocoma; -- socalled from the
tufts of yellow flowers which terminate the stems;also, the Ranunculus auricomus, a
kind of buttercup.
GOLET,The gullet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOLF,A game played with a small ball and a bat or club crooked atthe lower end. He
who drives the ball into each of a series of smallholes in the ground and brings it
into the last hole with the feweststrokes is the winner. [Scot.] Strutt.
GOLFER,One who plays golf. [Scot.]
GOLGOTHA,Calvary. See the Note under Calvary.
GOLIARD,A buffoon in the Middle Ages, who attended rich men's tables tomake sport
for the guests by ribald stories and songs.
GOLIARDERY,The satirical or ribald poetry of the Goliards. Milman.
GOLIATH BEETLE,Any species of Goliathus, a genus of very large and handsomeAfrican
beetles.
GOLL,A hand, paw, or claw. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. B. Jonson.
GOLOE-SHOE,A galoche.
GOLORE,See Galore.
GOLOSHE,See Galoche.
GOLYARDEYS,A buffoon. See Gollard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOMAN,A husband; a master of a family. [Obs.]
GOMBO,See Gumbo.
GOME,A man. [Obs.] P. Plowman.
GOMER,A Hebrew measure. See Homer.
GOMMELIN,See Dextrin.
GOMPHIASIS,A disease of the teeth, which causes them to loosen and fallout of their
sockets.
GOMPHOSIS,A form of union or immovable articulation where a hard part isreceived
into the cavity of a bone, as the teeth into the jaws.
GOMUTI,A black, fibrous substance resembling horsehair, obtained fromthe leafstalks
of two kinds of palms, Metroxylon Sagu, and Arengasaccharifera, of the Indian
islands. It is used for making cordage.Called also ejoo.
GON,imp. & p. p. of Go. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GONAD,One of the masses of generative tissue primitively alike inboth sexes, but
giving rise to either an ovary or a testis; agenerative gland; a germ gland.
Wiedersheim.
GONAKIE,An African timber tree (Acacia Adansonii).
GONANGIUM,See Gonotheca.
GONDOLET,A small gondola. T. Moore.
GONDOLIER,A man who rows a gondola.
GONE,p. p. of Go.
GONENESS,A state of exhaustion; faintness, especially as resulting fromhunger.
[Colloq. U. S.]
GONFALONIER,He who bears the gonfalon; a standard bearer; as:(a) An officer at Rome
who bears the standard of the Church.(b) The chief magistrate of any one of several
republics in mediævealItaly.(c) A Turkish general, and standard keeper.
GONG,A privy or jakes. [Obs.] Chaucer. Gong farmer, Gong man, acleaner of privies.
[Obs.]
GONGORISM,An affected elegance or euphuism of style, for which theSpanish poet
Gongora y Argote (1561-1627), among others of his time,was noted.
GONIATITE,One of an extinct genus of fossil cephalopods, allied to theAmmonites.
The earliest forms are found in the Devonian formation,the latest, in the Triassic.
GONIDIAL,Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia.
GONIDIUM,A special groove or furrow at one or both angles of the mouthof many
Anthozoa.
GONIMIA,Bluish green granules which occur in certain lichens, asCollema, Peltigera,
etc., and which replace the more usual gonidia.
GONIMOUS,Pertaining to, or containing, gonidia or gonimia, as that partof a lichen
which contains the green or chlorophyll-bearing cells.
GONIOMETER,An instrument for measuring angles, especially the angles ofcrystals, or
the inclination of planes. Contact, or Hand, goniometer,a goniometer having two
movable arms (ab, cd), between which (at ab)the faces of the crystals are placed.
These arms turn about a fixedpoint, which is the center of the graduated circle or
semicircle uponwhich the angle is read off.-- Reflecting goniometer, an instrument
for measuring the angles ofcrystals by determining through what angular space the
crystal mustbe turned so that two rays reflected from two surfaces
successivelyshall have the same direction; -- called also Wollaston's
goniometer,from the inventor.
GONIOMETRY,The art of measuring angles; trigonometry.
GONOBLASTID,A reproductive bud of a hydroid; a simple gonophore.
GONOBLASTIDIUM,A blastostyle.
GONOCALYX,The bell of a sessile gonozooid.
GONOCOCCUS,A vegetable microörganism of the genus Micrococcus, occurringin the
secretion in gonorrhea. It is believed by some to constitutethe cause of this
disease.
GONOPH,A pickpocket or thief. [Eng. Slang] Dickens.
GONOPHORE,A sexual zooid produced as a medusoid bud upon a hydroid,sometimes
becoming a free hydromedusa, sometimes remaining attached.See Hydroidea, and
Illusts. of Athecata, Campanularian, and Gonosome.
GONOSOME,The reproductive zooids of a hydroid colony, collectively.
GONOTHECA,A capsule developed on certain hydroids (Thecaphora), inclosingthe
blastostyle upon which the medusoid buds or gonophores aredeveloped; -- called also
gonangium, and teleophore. See Hydroidea,and Illust. of Campanularian.
GONOZOOID,A sexual zooid, or medusoid bud of a hydroid; a gonophore. SeeHydroidea,
and Illust. of Campanularian.
GONYDIAL,Pertaining to the gonys of a bird's beak.
GONYS,The keel or lower outline of a bird's bill, so far as themandibular rami are
united.
GOOBER,A peanut. [Southern U. S.]
GOOD NOW,An exclamation of wonder, surprise, or entreaty. [Obs.] Shak.
GOOD,Wares; commodities; chattels; -- formerly used in the singularin a collective
sense. In law, a comprehensive name for almost allpersonal property as
distinguished from land or real property.Wharton.He hath made us spend much good.
Chaucer.Thy lands and goods Are, by the laws of Venice, confiscate Unto thestate of
Venice. Shak.Dress goods, Dry goods, etc. See in the Vocabulary.-- Goods engine, a
freight locomotive. [Eng.] -- Goods train, afreight train. [Eng.] -- Goods wagon, a
freight car [Eng.] See theNote under Car, n., 2.
GOOD-DEN,A form of salutation. [Obs.] Shak.
GOOD-FELLOWSHIP,Agreeable companionship; companionableness.
GOOD-HUMORED,Having a cheerful spirit and demeanor; good-tempered. See Good-
natured.
GOOD-HUMOREDLY,With a cheerful spirit; in a cheerful or good-tempered manner.
GOOD-LOOKING,Handsome.
GOOD-NATURED,Naturally mild in temper; not easily provoked.
GOOD-NATUREDLY,With maldness of temper.
GOOD-TEMPERED,Having a good temper; not easily vexed. See Good-natured.
GOODGEON,Same as Gudgeon, 5.
GOODISH,Rather good than the contrary; not actually bad; tolerable.Goodish pictures
in rich frames. Walpole.
GOODLESS,Having no goods. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOODLICH,Goodly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOODLINESS,Beauty of form; grace; elegance; comeliness.Her goodliness was full of
harmony to his eyes. Sir P. Sidney.
GOODLY,Excellently. [Obs.] Spenser.
GOODNESS,The quality of being good in any of its various senses;excellence; virtue;
kindness; benevolence; as, the goodness oftimber, of a soil, of food; goodness of
character, of disposition, ofconduct, etc.
GOODS,See Good, n., 3.
GOODSHIP,Favor; grace. [Obs.] Gower.
GOODWIFE,The mistress of a house. [Archaic] Robynson (More's Utopia).
GOODY,An American fish; the lafayette or spot.
GOODY-GOODY,Mawkishly or weakly good; exhibiting goodness with silliness.[Colloq.]
GOODYSHIP,The state or quality of a goody or goodwife [Jocose] Hudibraus.
GOOSANDER,A species of merganser (M. merganser) of Northern Europe andAmerica; --
called also merganser, dundiver, sawbill, sawneb,shelduck, and sheldrake. See
Merganser.
GOOSE EGG,In games, a zero; a score or record of naught; -- so named inallusion to
the egglike outline of the zero sign 0. Called also duckegg. [Slang]
GOOSE-RUMPED,Having the tail set low and buttocks that fall away sharplyfrom the
croup; -- said of certain horses.
GOOSEBERRY,Any thorny shrub of the genus Ribes; also, the edible berriesof such
shrub. There are several species, of which Ribes Grossulariais the one commonly
cultivated.
GOOSEFISH,See Angler.
GOOSEFOOT,A genus of herbs (Chenopodium) mostly annual weeds; pigweed.
GOOSEWING,One of the clews or lower corners of a course or a topsail whenthe middle
part or the rest of the sail is furled.
GOOSISH,Like a goose; foolish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOOST,Ghost; spirit. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOOT,A goat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOPHER STATE,Minnesota; -- a nickname alluding to the abundance of gophers.
GOPHER WOOD,A species of wood used in the construction of Noah's ark. Gen.vi. 14.
GOR-BELLIED,Bog-bellied. [Obs.]
GOR-BELLY,A prominent belly; a big-bellied person. [Obs.]
GORACCO,A paste prepared from tobacco, and smoked in hookahs in WesternIndia.
GORAL,An Indian goat antelope (Nemorhedus goral), resembling thechamois.
GORAMY,Same as Gourami.
GORCE,A pool of water to keep fish in; a wear. [Obs.]
GORCOCK,The moor cock, or red grouse. See Grouse. [Prov. Eng.]
GORCROW,The carrion crow; -- called also gercrow. [Prov. Eng.]
GORD,An instrument of gaming; a sort of dice. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
GORDIACEA,A division of nematoid worms, including the hairworms or haireels
(Gordius and Mermis). See Gordius, and Illustration in Appendix.
GORDIAN,Pertaining to the Gordiacea.
GORDIUS,A genus of long, slender, nematoid worms, parasitic in insectsuntil near
maturity, when they leave the insect, and live in water,in which they deposit their
eggs; -- called also hair eel, hairworm,and hair snake, from the absurd, but common
and widely diffused,notion that they are metamorphosed horsehairs.
GORE,One of the abatements. It is made of two curved lines, meetingin an acute
angle in the fesse point.
GOREBILL,The garfish. [Prov. Eng.]
GORFLY,A dung fly.
GORGE,A concave molding; a cavetto. Gwilt.
GORGED,Bearing a coronet or ring about the neck.
GORGELET,A small gorget, as of a humming bird.
GORGEOUS,Imposing through splendid or various colors; showy;
fine;magnificent.Cloud-land, gorgeous land. Coleridge.Gogeous as the sun at
midsummer. Shak.-- Gor"geous*ly, adv.-- Gor"geous*ness, n.
GORGERIN,In some columns, that part of the capital between thetermination of the
shaft and the annulet of the echinus, or the spacebetween two neck moldings; --
called also neck of the capital, andhypotrachelium. See Illust. of Column.
GORGET,A crescent-shaped, colored patch on the neck of a bird ormammal. Gorget
hummer (Zoöl.), a humming bird of the genus Trochilus.See Rubythroat.
GORGON,One of three fabled sisters, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, withsnaky hair and
of terrific aspect, the sight of whom turned thebeholder to stone. The name is
particularly given to Medusa.
GORGONACEA,See Gorgoniacea.
GORGONEAN,See Gorgonian, 1.
GORGONEION,A mask carved in imitation of a Gorgon's head. Elmes.
GORGONIACEA,One of the principal divisions of Alcyonaria, including thoseforms
which have a firm and usually branched axis, covered with aporous crust, or c
GORGONIAN,Pertaining to the Gorgoniacea; as, gorgonian coral.
GORGONIZE,To have the effect of a Gorgon upon; to turn into stone; topetrify. [R.]
GORGONZOLA,A kind of Italian pressed milk cheese; -- so called from avillage near
Milan.
GORHEN,The female of the gorcock.
GORILLA,A large, arboreal, anthropoid ape of West Africa. It is largerthan a man,
and is remarkable for its massive skeleton and powerfulmuscles, which give it
enormous strength. In some respects itsanatomy, more than that of any other ape,
except the chimpanzee,resembles that of man.
GORM,Axle grease. See Gome. [Prov. Eng.]
GORMA,The European cormorant.
GORMAND,A greedy or ravenous eater; a luxurious feeder; a gourmand.
GORMANDER,See Gormand, n. [Obs.]
GORMANDISM,Gluttony.
GORMANDIZE,To eat greedily; to swallow voraciously; to feed ravenously orlike a
glutton. Shak.
GORMANDIZER,A greedy, voracious eater; a gormand; a glutton.
GOROON SHELL,A large, handsome, marine, univalve shell (Triton femorale).
GORSE,Furze. See Furze.The common, overgrown with fern, and rough With prickly
gorse.Cowper.Gorse bird (Zoöl.), the European linnet; -- called also gorsehatcher.
[Prov. Eng.] -- Gorse chat (Zoöl.), the winchat.-- Gorse duck, the corncrake; --
called also grass drake, landdrake, and corn drake.
GOSHAWK,Any large hawk of the genus Astur, of which many species andvarieties are
known. The European (Astur palumbarius) and theAmerican (A. atricapillus) are the
best known species. They are notedfor their powerful flight, activity, and courage.
The Australiangoshawk (A. Novæ-Hollandiæ) is pure white.
GOSHERD,One who takes care of geese.
GOSLET,One of several species of pygmy geese, of the genus Nettepus.They are about
the size of a teal, and inhabit Africa, India, andAustralia.
GOSPEL,Accordant with, or relating to, the gospel; evangelical; as,gospel
righteousness. Bp. Warburton.
GOSS,Gorse. [Obs.] Shak.
GOSSAMERY,Like gossamer; flimsy.The greatest master of gossamery affectation. De
Quincey.
GOSSAN,Decomposed rock, usually reddish or ferruginous (owing tooxidized pyrites),
forming the upper part of a metallic vein.
GOSSANIFEROUS,Containing or producing gossan.
GOSSAT,A small British marine fish (Motella tricirrata); -- calledalso whistler and
three-bearded rockling. [Prov. Eng.]
GOSSIB,A gossip. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
GOSSIP,To stand sponsor to. [Obs.] Shak.
GOSSIPER,One given to gossip. Beaconsfield.
GOSSIPREDE,The relationship between a person and his sponsors. [Obs.]
GOSSIPY,Full of, or given to, gossip.
GOSSOON,A boy; a servant. [Ireland]
GOSSYPIUM,A genus of plants which yield the cotton of the arts. Thespecies are much
confused. G. herbaceum is the name given to thecommon cotton plant, while the long-
stapled sea-island cotton isproduced by G. Barbadense, a shrubby variety. There are
several otherkinds besides these.
GOT,imp. & p. p. of Get. See Get.
GOTE,A channel for water. [Prov. Eng.] Crose.
GOTER,a gutter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GOTH,One of an ancient Teutonic race, who dwelt between the Elbe andthe Vistula in
the early part of the Christian era, and who overranand took an important part in
subverting the Roman empire.
GOTHAMIST,A wiseacre; a person deficient in wisdom; -- so called fromGotham, in
Nottinghamshire, England, noted for some pleasantblunders. Bp. Morton.
GOTHIC,Of or pertaining to a style of architecture with pointedarches, steep roofs,
windows large in proportion to the wall spaces,and, generally, great height in
proportion to the other dimensions --prevalent in Western Europe from about 1200 to
1475 a. d. See Illust.of Abacus, and Capital.
GOTHICIZE,To make Gothic; to bring back to barbarism.
GOTTEN,p. p. of Get.
GOUACHE,A method of painting with opaque colors, which have been groundin water and
mingled with a preparation of gum; also, a picture thuspainted.
GOUD,Woad. [Obs.]
GOUDRON,a small fascine or fagot, steeped in wax, pitch, and glue, usedin various
ways, as for igniting buildings or works, or to lightditches and ramparts. Farrow.
GOUGE,Soft material lying between the wall of a vein aud the solidvein. Raymond.
GOUGER,See Plum Gouger.
GOUGESHELL,A sharp-edged, tubular, marine shell, of the genus Vermetus;also, the
pinna. See Vermetus.
GOUJERE,The venereal disease. [Obs.]
GOULAND,See Golding.
GOULARDS EXTRACT,An aqueous solution of the subacetate of lead, used as a lotionin
cases of inflammation. Goulard's cerate is a cerate containingthis extract.
GOUR,See Koulan.
GOURA,One of several species of large, crested ground pigeons of thegenus Goura,
inhabiting New Guinea and adjacent islands. The QueenVictoria pigeon (Goura
Victoria) and the crowned pigeon (G. coronata)are among the beat known species.
GOURAMI,A very largo East Indian freshwater fish (Osphromenus gorami),extensively
reared in artificial ponds in tropical countries, andhighly valued as a food fish.
Many unsuccessful efforts have beenmade to introduce it into Southern Europe.
[Written also goramy.]
GOURD TREE,A tree (the Crescentia Cujete, or calabash tree) of the WestIndies and
Central America.
GOURD,A fleshy, three-celled, many-seeded fruit, as the melon,pumpkin, cucumber,
etc., of the order Cucurbitaceæ; and especiallythe bottle gourd (Lagenaria
vulgaris) which occurs in a great varietyof forms, and, when the interior part is
removed, serves for bottles,dippers, cups, and other dishes.
GOURDINESS,The state of being gourdy.
GOURDWORM,The fluke of sheep. See Fluke.
GOURDY,Swelled in the legs.
GOURMAND,A greedy or ravenous eater; a glutton. See Gormand.That great gourmand,
fat Apicius B. Jonson.
GOURMET,A connoisseur in eating and drinking; an epicure.
GOURNET,A fish. See Gurnet.
GOUT,A constitutional disease, occurring by paroxysms. It constistsin an
inflammation of the fibrous and ligamentous parts of thejoints, and almost always
attacks first the great toe, next thesmaller joints, after which, it may attack the
greater articulations.It is attended with various sympathettic phenomena,
particularly inthe digestive organs. It may also attack internal organs, as
thestomach, the intestines, etc. Dunglison.
GOUTILY,In a gouty manner.
GOUTINESS,The state of being gouty; gout.
GOVE,A mow; a rick for hay. [Obs.] Tusser.
GOVERN,To require to be in a particular case; as, a transitive verbgoverns a noun
in the objective case; or to require (a particularcase); as, a transitive verb
governs the objective case.
GOVERNABILITY,Governableness.
GOVERNABLE,Capable of being governed, or subjected to authority;controllable;
manageable; obedient. Locke.
GOVERNABLENESS,The quality of being governable; manageableness.
GOVERNANCE,Exercise of authority; control; government; arrangement.Chaucer. J. H.
Newman.
GOVERNANTE,A governess. Sir W. Scott.
GOVERNESS,A female governor; a woman invested with authority to controland direct;
especially, one intrusted with the care and instructionof children, -- usually in
their homes.
GOVERNING,Requiring a particular case.
GOVERNMENT,The influence of a word in regard to construction, requiringthat another
word should be in a particular case.
GOVERNMENTAL,Pertaining to government; made by government; as, governmentalduties.
GOVERNOR GENERAL,A governor who has lieutenant or deputy governors under him;as,
the governor general of Canada, of India.
GOVERNOR,A pilot; a steersman. [R.]
GOVERNORSHIP,The office of a governor.
GOWAN,Decomposed granite.
GOWANY,Having, abounding in, or decked with, daisies. [Scot.]Sweeter than gowany
glens or new-mown hay. Ramsay.
GOWD,Gold; wealth. [Scot.]The man's the gowd for a' that. Burns.
GOWDEN,Golden. [Scot.]
GOWDIE,See Dragont. [Scot.]
GOWDNOOK,The saury pike; -- called also gofnick.
GOWK,To make a, booby of one); to stupefy. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
GOWL,To howl. [Obs.] Wyclif.
GOWNED,Dressed in a gown; clad.Gowned in pure white, that fitted to the shape.
Tennyson.
GOZZARD,See Gosherd. [Prov. Eng.]
GRAAFIAN,Pertaining to, or discovered by, Regnier de Graaf, a Dutchphysician.
Graafian follicles or vesicles, small cavities in whichthe ova are developed in the
ovaries of mammals, and by the burstingof which they are discharged.
GRAAL,See Grail., a dish.
GRAB,A vessel used on the Malabar coast, having two or three masts.
GRABBER,One who seizes or grabs.
GRACE,The divine favor toward man; the mercy of God, as distinguishedfrom His
justice; also, any benefits His mercy imparts; divine loveor pardon; a state of
acceptance with God; enjoyment of the divinefavor.And if by grace, then is it no
more of works. Rom. xi. 6.My grace is sufficicnt for thee. 2 Cor. xii. 9.Where sin
abounded, grace did much more abound. Rom. v. 20.By whom also we have access by
faith into this grace wherein westand. Rom. v.2
GRACED,Endowed with grace; beautiful; full of graces; honorable. Shak.
GRACEFUL,Displaying grace or beauty in form or action; elegant; easy;agreeable in
appearance; as, a graceful walk, deportment, speaker,air, act, speech.High o'er the
rest in arms the graceful Turnus rode. Dryden.-- Grace"ful*ly, adv. Grace"ful*ness,
n.
GRACELESS,Slender; thin. [Obs.] Bailey.
GRACILITY,State of being gracilent; slenderness. Milman. "Youthfulgracility." W. D.
Howells.
GRACIOUSNESS,Quality of being gracious.
GRADATE,To bring to a certain strength or grade of concentration; as,to gradate a
saline solution.
GRADATION,A gradual passing from one tint to another or from a darker toa lighter
shade, as in painting or drawing.
GRADATIONAL,By regular steps or gradations; of or pertaining to gradation.
GRADATORY,Suitable for walking; -- said of the limbs of an animal whenadapted for
walking on land.
GRADE,The result of crossing a native stock with some better breed.If the
crossbreed have more than three fourths of the better blood,it is called high
grade. At grade, on the same level; -- said of thecrossing of a railroad with
another railroad or a highway, when theyare on the same level at the point of
crossing.-- Down grade, a descent, as on a graded railroad.-- Up grade, an ascent,
as on a graded railroad.-- Equating for grades. See under Equate.-- Grade crossing,
a crossing at grade.
GRADELY,Decent; orderly. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.-- adv.
GRADER,1. One who grades, or that by means of which grading is done orfacilitate.
GRADIENT,Any member like a step, as the raised back of an altar or thelike; a set
raised over another. "The gradines of the amphitheeater."Layard.
GRADINE,A toothed chised by sculptors.
GRADING,The act or method of arranging in or by grade, or of bringing,as the
surface of land or a road, to the desired level or grade.
GRADINO,A step or raised shelf, as above a sideboard or altar. Cf.Superaltar, and
Gradin.
GRADUAL,Proceeding by steps or degrees; advancing, step by step, as inascent or
descent or from one state to another; regularlyprogressive; slow; as, a gradual
increase of knowledge; a gradualdecline.Creatures animate with gradual life Of
growth, sense, reason, allsummed up in man. Milton.
GRADUALITY,The state of being gradual; gradualness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
GRADUALNESS,The quality or state of being gradual; regular progression orgradation;
slowness.The gradualness of this movement. M. Arnold.The gradualness of growth is a
characteristic which strikes thesimplest observer. H. Drummond.
GRADUATE,To bring to a certain degree of consistency, by evaporation, asa fluid.
Graduating engine, a dividing engine. See Dividing engine,under Dividing.
GRADUATED,Tapered; -- said of a bird's tail when the outer feathers areshortest,
and the others successively longer. Graduated tube, bottle,cap, or glass, a vessel,
usually of glass, having horizontal marksupon its sides, with figures, to indicate
the amount of the contentsat the several levels.-- Graduated spring (Railroads), a
combination of metallic andrubber springs.
GRADUATESHIP,State of being a graduate. Milton.
GRADUS,A dictionary of prosody, designed as an aid in writing Greek orLatin
poetry.He set to work . . . without gradus or other help. T. Hughes.
GRAF,A German title of nobility, equivalent to earl in English, orcount in French.
See Earl.
GRAFF,A steward; an overseer.[A prince] is nothing but a servant, overseer, or
graff, and not thehead, which is a title belonging only to Christ. John Knox.
GRAFFAGE,The scarp of a ditch or moat. "To clean the graffages." MissMitford.
GRAFFER,a notary or scrivener. Bowvier.
GRAFFITI,Inscriptions, figure drawings, etc., found on the walls ofancient
sepulchers or ruins, as in the Catacombs, or at Pompeii.
GRAFFITO,Production of decorative designs by scratching them through asurface of
layer plaster, glazing, etc., revealing a different-colored ground; also, pottery
or ware so decorated; -- chiefly usedattributively.
GRAFT,To implant a portion of (living flesh or akin) in a lesion soas to form an
organic union.
GRAFTAGE,The science of grafting, including the various methods ofpractice and
details of operation.
GRAFTER,An instrument by which grafting is facilitated.
GRAFTING,The act or method of weaving a cover for a ring, rope end, etc.
GRAHAM BREAD,Bread made of unbolted wheat flour. [U. S.] Bartlett.
GRAHAMITE,One who follows the dietetic system of Graham. [U. S.]
GRAIL,A book of offices in the Roman Catholic Church; a gradual.[Obs.] T.
Warton.Such as antiphonals, missals, grails, processionals, etc. Strype.
GRAILLE,A halfround single-cut file or fioat, having one curved faceand one
straight face, -- used by comb makers. Knight.
GRAIN,See Groan. [Obs.]
GRAINED,Having tubercles or grainlike processes, as the petals orsepals of some
flowers.
GRAINFIELD,A field where grain is grown.
GRAINING,The process of separating soap from spent lye, as with salt.
GRAINY,Resembling grains; granular.
GRAIP,A dungfork. [Scot.] Burns.
GRAITH,See Greith. Chaucer.
GRAKLE,See Grackle.
GRALLAE,An order of birds which formerly included all the waders. Bylater writers
it is usually restricted to the sandpipers, plovers,and allied forms; -- called
also Grallatores.
GRALLATORES,See Grallæ.
GRALLIC,Pertaining to the Grallæ.
GRALLINE,Of or pertaining to the Grallæ.
GRALLOCH,Offal of a deer.-- v. t.
GRAM,Angry. [Obs.] Havelok, the Dane.
GRAMA GRASS,The name of several kinds of pasture grasses found in theWestern United
States, esp. the Bouteloua oligostachya.
GRAMARYE,Necromancy; magic. Sir W. Scott.
GRAMASHES,Gaiters reaching to the knee; leggings.Strong gramashes, or leggings of
thick gray cloth. Sir W. Scott.
GRAMERCY,A word formerly used to express thankfulness, with surprise;many
thanks.Gramercy, Mammon, said the gentle knight. Spenser.
GRAMINACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, the grasses; gramineous; as,graminaceous
plants.
GRAMINEAL,Gramineous.
GRAMINEOUS,Like, Or pertaining to, grass. See Grass, n., 2.
GRAMINIFOLIOUS,Bearing leaves resembling those of grass.
GRAMINIVOROUS,Feeding or subsisting on grass, and the like food; -- said ofhorses,
cattle, and other animals.
GRAMMALOGUE,Literally, a letter word; a word represented by a logogram; as,it,
represented by |, that is, t. pitman.
GRAMMAR,To discourse according to the rules of grammar; to use grammar.[Obs.] Beau.
& Fl.
GRAMMARIANISM,The principles, practices, or peculiarities of grammarians.[R.]
GRAMMARLESS,Without grammar.
GRAMMATES,Rudiments; first principles, as of grammar. [Obs.] Ford.
GRAMMATIC,Grammatical.
GRAMMATICASTER,A petty grammarian; a grammatical pedant or pretender.My noble
Neophite, my little grammaticaster. B. Jonson.
GRAMMATICATION,A principle of grammar; a grammatical rule. [Obs.] Dalgarno.
GRAMMATICISM,A point or principle of grammar. Abp. Leighton.
GRAMMATICIZE,To render grammatical. Fuller.
GRAMMATIST,A petty grammarian. [R] Tooke.
GRAMME MACHINE,A kind of dynamo-electric machine; -- so named from its
Frenchinventor, M. Gramme. Knight.
GRAMME,Same as Gram the weight.
GRAMOPHONE,An instrument for recording, preserving, and reproducingsounds, the
record being a tracing of a phonautograph etched in somesolid material.
Reproduction is accomplished by means of a systemattached to an elastic diaphragm.
GRAMPUS,A toothed delphinoid cetacean, of the genus Grampus, esp. G.griseus of
Europe and America, which is valued for its oil. It growsto be fifteen to twenty
feet long; its color is gray with whitestreaks. Called also cowfish. The California
grampus is G. Stearnsii.
GRANADILLA,The fruit of certain species of passion flower (esp.
Passifloraquadrangularis) found in Brazil and the West Indies. It is as largeas a
child's head, and is a good dessert fruit. The fruit ofPassiflora edulis is used
for flavoring ices.
GRANARY,A storehouse or repository for grain, esp. after it is thrashedor husked; a
cornbouse; also (Fig.), a region fertile in grain.The exhaustless granary of a
world. Thomson.
GRANATE,See Garnet.
GRANATIN,Mannite; -- so called because found in the pomegranate.
GRANATITE,See Staurolite.
GRAND MERCY,See Gramercy. [Obs.]
GRAND-DUCAL,Of or pertaining to a grand duke. H. James.
GRANDAM,An old woman; specifically, a grandmother. Shak.
GRANDAUNT,The aunt of one's father or mother.
GRANDCHILD,A son's or daughter's child; a child in the second degree ofdescent.
GRANDDAUGHTER,The daughter of one's son or daughter.
GRANDEE,A man of elevated rank or station; a nobleman. In Spain, anobleman of the
first rank, who may be covered in the king'spresence.
GRANDEESHIP,The rank or estate of a grandee; lordship. H. Swinburne.
GRANDEUR,The state or quality of being grand; vastness; greatness;splendor;
magnificence; stateliness; sublimity; dignity; elevation ofthought or expression;
nobility of action.Nor doth this grandeur and majestic show Of luxury . . . allure
mineeye. Milton.
GRANDEVITY,Great age; long life. [Obs.] Glanvill.
GRANDEVOUS,Of great age; aged; longlived. [R.] Bailey.
GRANDFATHER,A father's or mother's father; an ancestor in the next degreeabove the
father or mother in lineal ascent. Grandfather longlegs.(Zoöl.) See Dady longlegs.
GRANDFATHERLY,Like a grandfather in age or manner; kind; benignant;indulgent.He was
a grandfatherly sort of personage. Hawthorne.
GRANDIFIC,Making great. [R.] Bailey.
GRANDILOQUENCE,The use of lofty words or phrases; bombast; -- usually in a
badsense.The sin of grandiloquence or tall talking. Thackeray,
GRANDILOQUENT,Speaking in a lofty style; pompous; bombastic.
GRANDILOQUOUS,Grandiloquent.
GRANDINOUS,Consisting of hail; abounding in hail. [R.] Bailey.
GRANDIOSITY,The state or quality of being grandiose,
GRANDITY,Grandness. [Obs.] Camden.
GRANDLY,In a grand manner.
GRANDMOTHER,The mother of one's father or mother.
GRANDMOTHERLY,Like a grandmother in age or manner; kind; indulgent.
GRANDNEPHEW,The grandson of one's brother or sister.
GRANDNESS,Grandeur. Wollaston.
GRANDNIECE,The granddaughter of one's brother or sister.
GRANDSIRE,Specifically, a grandfather; more generally, any ancestor.
GRANDSON,A son's or daughter's son.
GRANDUNCLE,father's or mother's uncle.
GRANE,See Groan. [Obs.]
GRANGERISM,The practice of illustrating a particular book by engravingscollected
from other books.
GRANGERITE,One who collects illustrations from various books for thedecoration of
one book.
GRANGERIZE,To collect (illustrations from books) for decoration of otherbooks. G.
A. Sala.
GRANIFEROUS,Bearing grain, or seeds like grain. Humble.
GRANIFORM,Formed like of corn.
GRANILLA,Small grains or dust of cochineal or the coccus insect.
GRANITE STATE,New Hampshire; -- a nickname alluding to its mountains, whichare
chiefly of granite.
GRANITE,A crystalline, granular rock, consisting of quartz, feldspar,and mica, and
usually of a whitish, grayish, or flesh-red color. Itdiffers from gneiss in not
having the mica in planes, and therefor inbeing destitute of a schistose structure.
GRANITICAL,Granitic.
GRANITIFICATION,The act or the process of forming into granite. Humble.
GRANITIFORM,Resembling granite in structure or shape.
GRANITOID,Resembling granite in granular appearance; as, granitoidgneiss; a
granitoid pavement.
GRANIVOROUS,Eating grain; feeding or subsisting on seeds; as, granivorousbirds.
Gay.
GRANNAM,A grandam. [Colloq.]
GRANNY,A grandmother; a grandam; familiarly, an old woman. Granny'sbend, or
Granny's knot (Naut.), a kind of insecure knot or hitch; areef knot crossed the
wrong way.
GRANOLITHIC,A kind of hard artificial stone, used for pavements.
GRANT,To assent; to consent. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GRANTABLE,Capable of being granted.
GRANTEE,The person to whom a grant or conveyance is made.His grace will not survive
the poor grantee he despises. Burke.
GRANTER,One who grants.
GRANTOR,The person by whom a grant or conveyance is made.
GRANULAR,Consisting of, or resembling, grains; as, a granular substance.Granular
limestone, crystalline limestone, or marble, having agranular structure.
GRANULARLY,In a granular form.
GRANULARY,Granular.
GRANULATE,To collect or be formed into grains; as, cane juice granulatesinto sugar.
GRANULE,A little grain a small particle; a pellet.
GRANULIFEROUS,Full of granulations.
GRANULIFORM,Having a granular structure; granular; as, granuliformlimestone.
GRANULITE,A whitish, granular rock, consisting of feldspar and quartzintimately
mixed; -- sometimes called whitestone, and leptynite.
GRANULOSE,The main constituent of the starch grain or granule, indistinction from
the framework of cellulose. Unlike cellulose, it iscolored blue by iodine, and is
converted into dextrin and sugar byboiling acids and amylolytic ferments.
GRANULOUS,Full of grains; abounding with granular substances; granular.
GRAPE FRUIT,The shaddock.
GRAPE,A well-known edible berry growing in pendent clusters orbunches on the
grapevine. The berries are smooth-skinned, have ajuicy pulp, and are cultivated in
great quantities for table use andfor making wine and raisins.
GRAPELESS,Wanting grapes or the flavor of grapes.
GRAPERY,A building or inclosure used for the cultivation of grapes.
GRAPESHOT,A cluster, usually nine in number, of small iron balls, puttogether by
means of cast-iron circular plates at top and bottom,with two rings, and a central
connecting rod, in order to be used asa charge for a cannon. Formerly grapeshot
were inclosed in canvasbags.
GRAPESTONE,A seed of the grape.
GRAPEVINE,A vine or climbing shrub, of the genus Vitis, having smallgreen flowers
and lobed leaves, and bearing the fruit called grapes.
GRAPHICALLY,In a graphic manner; vividly.
GRAPHICS,The art or the science of drawing; esp. of drawing according
tomathematical rules, as in perspective, projection, and the like.
GRAPHISCOPE,See Graphoscope.
GRAPHITE,Native carbon in hexagonal crystals, also foliated or granularmassive, of
black color and metallic luster, and so soft as to leavea trace on paper. It is
used for pencils (improperly called leadpencils), for crucibles, and as a
lubricator, etc. Often calledplumbago or black lead. Graphite battery (Elec.), a
voltaic batteryconsisting of zinc and carbon in sulphuric acid, or other
excitingliquid.
GRAPHITIC,Pertaining to, containing, derived from, or resembling,graphite.
Graphitic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, so called becauseobtained by the oxidation
of graphite; -- usually called melliticacid.-- Graphitic carbon, in iron or steel,
that portion of the carbonwhich is present as graphite. Raymond.
GRAPHOLITE,Any species of slate suitable to be written on.
GRAPHOLOGY,The art of judging of a person's character, disposition, andaptitude
from his handwriting.
GRAPHOPHONE,A kind of photograph.
GRAPHOSCOPE,An optical instrument for magnifying engravings, photographs,etc.,
usually having one large lens and two smaller ones.
GRAPHOTYPE,A process for producing a design upon a surface in relief sothat it can
be printed from. Prepared chalk or oxide of zinc ispressed upon a smooth plate by a
hydraulic press, and the design isdrawn upon this in a peculiar ink which hardens
the surface whereverit is applied. The surface is then carefully rubbed or
brushed,leaving the lines in relief.
GRAPNEL,A small anchor, with four or five flukes or claws, used to holdboats or
small vessels; hence, any instrument designed to grapple orhold; a grappling iron;
a grab; -- written also grapline, andcrapnel.
GRAPPLE,To use a grapple; to contend in close fight; to attach one'sself as if by a
grapple, as in wrestling; to close; to seize oneanother. To grapple with, to enter
into contest with, resolutely andcourageously.And in my standard bear the arms of
York, To grapple with the houseof Lancaster. Shak.
GRAPPLEMENT,A grappling; close fight or embrace. [Obs.] Spenser.
GRAPSOID,Pertaining to the genus Grapsus or the family Grapsidæ.-- n.
GRAPTOLITE,One of numerous species of slender and delicate fossils, of thegenus
Graptolites and allied genera, found in the Silurian rocks.They belong to an
extinct group (Graptolithina) supposed to behydroids.
GRAPTOLITIC,Of or pertaining to graptolites; containing graptolites; as,
agraptolitic slate.
GRAPY,Composed of, or resembling, grapes.The grapy clusters. Addison.
GRASP,To effect a grasp; to make the motion of grasping; to clutch;to struggle; to
strive.As one that grasped And tugged for life and was by strength subdued.Shak.To
grasp at, to catch at; to try to seize; as, Alexander grasped atuniversal empire,
GRASPABLE,Capable of being grasped.
GRASPER,One who grasps or seizes; one who catches or holds.
GRASPLESS,Without a grasp; relaxed.From my graspless hand Drop friendship's
precious pearls. Coleridge.
GRASS,An endogenous plant having simple leaves, a stem generallyjointed and
tubular, the husks or glumes in pairs, and the seedsingle.
GRASS-GROWN,Overgrown with grass; as, a grass-grown road.
GRASSATION,A wandering about with evil intentions; a rioting. [Obs. & R.]Feltham.
GRASSHOPPER,Any jumping, orthopterous insect, of the families Acrididæ
andLocustidæ. The species and genera are very numerous. The formerfamily includes
the Western grasshopper or locust (Caloptenusspretus), noted for the great extent
of its ravages in the regionbeyond the Mississippi. In the Eastern United States
the red-legged(Caloptenus femurrubrum and C. atlanis) are closely related
species,but their ravages are less important. They are closely related to
themigratory locusts of the Old World. See Locust.
GRASSINESS,The state of abounding with grass; a grassy state.
GRASSLESS,Destitute of grass.
GRASSPLOT,A plot or space covered with grass; a lawn. "Here on thisgrassplot."
Shak.
GRATE,Serving to gratify; agreeable. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
GRATED,Furnished with a grate or grating; as, grated windows.
GRATER,One who, or that which, grates; especially, an instrument orutensil with a
rough, indented surface, for rubbing off smallparticles of any substance; as a
grater for nutmegs.
GRATICULATION,The division of a design or draught into squares, in order themore
easily to reproduce it in larger or smaller dimensions.
GRATICULE,A design or draught which has been divided into squares, inorder to
reproduce it in other dimensions.
GRATIFIED,Pleased; indulged according to desire.
GRATIFIER,One who gratifies or pleases.
GRATIN,The brown crust formed upon a gratinated dish; also, dishitself, as crusts
bread, game, or poultry.
GRATINATE,To cook, as macaroni, in a savory juice or sauce until juice isabsorbed
and a crisp surface forms.
GRATING,That grates; making a harsh sound; harsh.-- Grat"ing*ly, adv.
GRATIOLIN,One of the essential principles of the hedge hyssop
(Gratiolaofficinalis).
GRATIS,For nothing; without fee or recompense; freely; gratuitously.
GRATITUDE,The state of being grateful; warm and friendly feeling toward
abenefactor; kindness awakened by a favor received; thankfulness.The debt immense
of endless gratitude. Milton.
GRATULATE,To salute with declaration of joy; to congratulate. [R.] Shak.
GRATULATION,The act of gratulating or felicitating; congratulation.I shall turn my
wishes into gratulations. South.
GRATULATORY,Expressing gratulation or joy; congratulatory.The usual groundwork of
such gratulatory odes. Bp. Horsley.
GRAUNT,See Grant. Chaucer.
GRAUWACKE,Graywacke.
GRAVAMEN,The grievance complained of; the substantial cause of theaction; also, in
general, the ground or essence of a complaint.Bouvier.
GRAVE,(Naut.) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass,etc., and pay it
over with pitch; -- so called because graves orgreaves was formerly used for this
purpose.
GRAVECLOTHES,The clothes or dress in which the dead are interred.
GRAVEDIGGER,See Burying beetle, under Bury, v. t.
GRAVEL,A deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and theurinary or
gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are asymptom. Gravel powder, a coarse
gunpowder; pebble powder.
GRAVEL-STONE,A pebble, or small fragment of stone; a calculus.
GRAVELESS,Without a grave; unburied.
GRAVELLINESS,State of being gravelly.
GRAVELLY,Abounding with gravel; consisting of gravel; as, a gravellysoil.
GRAVELY,In a grave manner.
GRAVEN,Carved. Graven image, an idol; an object of worship carved fromwood, stone,
etc. "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image."Ex. xx. 4.
GRAVENESS,The quality of being grave.His sables and his weeds, Importing health and
graveness. Shak.
GRAVENSTEIN,A kind of fall apple, marked with streaks of deep red andorange, and of
excellent flavor and quality.
GRAVEOLENCE,A strong and offensive smell; rancidity. [R.] Bailey.
GRAVEOLENT,Having a rank smell. [R.] Boyle.
GRAVERY,The act, process, or art, of graving or carving; engraving.Either of
picture or gravery and embossing. Holland.
GRAVES,The sediment of melted tallow. Same as Greaves.
GRAVESTONE,A stone laid over, or erected near, a grave, usually with aninscription,
to preserve the memory of the dead; a tombstone.
GRAVEYARD,A yard or inclosure for the interment of the dead; a cemetery.
GRAVIC,Pertaining to, or causing, gravitation; as, gravic forces;gravic attraction.
[R.]
GRAVID,Being with child; heavy with young; pregnant; fruitful; as, agravid uterus;
gravid piety. " His gravid associate." Sir T. Herbert.
GRAVIDATED,Made pregnant; big. [Obs.] Barrow.
GRAVIDATION,Gravidity. [Obs.]
GRAVIDITY,The state of being gravidated; pregnancy. [R.]
GRAVIGRADE,Slow-paced.-- n.
GRAVIMETER,(Physics) An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravityof bodies.
GRAVIMETRIC,Of or pertaining to measurement by weight; measured by weight.--
Grav"i*met"ric*al*ly, adv. Gravimetric analysis (Chem.), analysisin which the
amounts of the coastituents are determined by weight; --in distinction from
volumetric analysis.
GRAVING,The act of cleaning a ship's bottom. Graving dock. (Naut.) Seeunder Dock.
GRAVITATE,To obey the law of gravitation; to exert a force Or pressure,or tend to
move, under the influence of gravitation; to tend in anydirection or toward any
object.Why does this apple fall to the ground Because all bodies gravitatetoward
each other. Sir W. Hamilton.Politicians who naturally gravitate towards the
stronger party.Macaulay.
GRAVITATIONAL,Of or pertaining to the force of gravity; as, gravitationalunits.
GRAVITATIVE,Causing to gravitate; tending to a center. Coleridge.
GRAVITY,The tendency of a mass of matter toward a center of attraction;esp., the
tendency of a body toward the center of the earth;terrestrial gravitation.
GRAYBEARD,An old man. Shak.
GRAYFLY,The trumpet fly. Milton.
GRAYHOUND,See Greyhound.
GRAYISH,Somewhat gray.
GRAYLAG,The common wild gray goose (Anser anser) of Europe, believed tobe the wild
form of the domestic goose. See Illust. of Goose.
GRAYLING,A European fish (Thymallus vulgaris), allied to the trout, buthaving a
very broad dorsal fin; -- called also umber. It inhabitscold mountain streams, and
is valued as a game fish.And here and there a lusty trout, And here and there a
grayling.Tennyson.
GRAYNESS,The quality of being gray.
GRAYSTONE,A grayish or greenish compact rock, composed of feldspar andaugite, and
allied to basalt.
GRAYWACKE,A conglomerate or grit rock, consisting of rounded pebbles sandfirmly
united together.
GRAZER,One that grazes; a creature which feeds on growing grass orherbage.The
cackling goose, Close grazer, finds wherewith to ease her want.J. Philips.
GRAZIER,One who pastures cattle, and rears them for market.The inhabitants be
rather . . . graziers than plowmen. Stow.
GRAZIOSO,Gracefully; smoothly; elegantly.
GRE,See Gree, a step. [Obs.]
GREASE,An inflammation of a horse's heels, suspending the ordinarygreasy secretion
of the part, and producing dryness and scurfiness,followed by cracks, ulceration,
and fungous excrescences. Greasebush. (Bot.) Same as Grease wood (below).-- Grease
moth (Zoöl.), a pyralid moth (Aglossa pinguinalis) whoselarva eats greasy cloth,
etc.-- Grease wood (Bot.), a scraggy, stunted, and somewhat pricklyshrub
(Sarcobatus vermiculatus) of the Spinach family, very abundantin alkaline valleys
from the upper Missouri to California. The nameis also applied to other plants of
the same family, as severalspecies of Atriplex and Obione.
GREASILY,, adv.
GREASINESS,The quality or state of being greasy, oiliness; unctuousness;grossness.
GREASY,Affected with the disease called grease; as, the heels of ahorse. See
Grease, n., 2.
GREAT WHITE WAY,Broadway, in New York City, in the neighborhood chieflyoccupied by
theaters, as from about 30th Street about 50th Street; --so called from its
brilliant illumination at night.
GREAT,The whole.; the gross; as, a contract to build a ship by thegreat.
GREAT-BELLIED,Having a great belly, bigbellied; pregnant; teeming. Shak.
GREAT-GRANDCHILD,The child of one's grandson or granddaughter.
GREAT-GRANDDAUGHTER,A daughter of one's grandson or granddaughter.
GREAT-GRANDFATHER,The father of one's grandfather or grandmother.
GREAT-GRANDMOTHER,The mother of one's grandfather or grandmother.
GREAT-GRANDSON,A son of one's grandson or granddaughter.
GREAT-HEARTEDNESS,The quality of being greathearted; high-mindedness;magnanimity.
GREATCOAT,An overcoat.
GREATEN,To make great; to aggrandize; to cause to increase in size; toexpand. [R.]A
minister's [business] is to greaten and exalt [his king]. Ken.
GREAVE,A grove. [Obs.] Spenser.
GREAVES,The sediment of melted tallow. It is made into cakes for dogs'food. In
Scotland it is called cracklings. [Written also graves.]
GREBE,One of several swimming birds or divers, of the genus Colymbus(formerly
Podiceps), aud allied genera, found in the northern partsof America, Europe, and
Asia. They have strong, sharp bills, andlobate toes.
GRECIAN,Of or pertaining to Greece; Greek. Grecian bend, among women,an affected
carriage of the body, the upper part being inclinedforward. [Collog.] -- Grecian
fire. See Greek fire, under Greek.
GRECISM,An idiom of the Greek language; a Hellenism. Addison.
GRECIZE,To conform to the Greek custom, especially in speech.
GRECO-ROMAN,Having characteristics that are partly Greek and partly Roman;as,
Greco-Roman architecture.
GRECQUE,An ornament supposed to be of Greek origin, esp. a fret ormeander,
GREE,To agree. [Obs.] Fuller.
GREECE,See Gree a step. [Obs.]
GREED,An eager desire or longing; greediness; as, a greed of gain.
GREEDILY,, adv. In a greedy manner.
GREEDINESS,The quality of being greedy; vehement and selfish desire.Fox in stealth,
wolf in greediness. Shak.
GREEDY-GUT,A glutton. [Low] Todd.
GREEK CALENDAR,A time that will never come, as the Greeks had no calends.
GREEK,Of or pertaining to Greece or the Greeks; Grecian. Greekcalends. See under
Calends.-- Greek Church (Eccl. Hist.), the Eastern Church; that part ofChristendom
which separated from the Roman or Western Church in theninth century. It comprises
the great bulk of the Christianpopulation of Russia (of which this is the
established church),Greece, Moldavia, and Wallachia. The Greek Church is governed
bypatriarchs and is called also the Byzantine Church.-- Greek cross. See Illust.
(10) Of Cross.-- Greek Empire. See Byzantine Empire.-- Greek fire, a combustible
composition which burns under water,the constituents of which are supposed to be
asphalt, with niter andsulphur. Ure.-- Greek rose, the flower campion.
GREEKESS,A female Greek. [R.]
GREEKISH,Peculiar to Greece.
GREEKLING,A little Greek, or one of small esteem or pretensions. B.Jonson.
GREEN,To make green.Great spring before Greened all the year. Thomson.
GREEN-BROOM,A plant of the genus Genista (G. tinctoria); dyer's weed; --called also
greenweed.
GREEN-LEEK,An Australian parrakeet (Polytelis Barrabandi); -- called alsothe
scarlet-breasted parrot.
GREEN-STALL,A stall at which greens and fresh vegetables are exposed forsale.
GREENBACK,One of the legal tender notes of the United States; -- firstissued in
1862, and having the devices on the back printed with greenink, to prevent
alterations and counterfeits.
GREENBACKER,One of those who supported greenback or paper money, andopposed the
resumption of specie payments. [Colloq. U. S.]
GREENCLOTH,A board or court of justice formerly held in the counting houseof the
British sovereign's household, composed of the lord stewardand his officers, and
having cognizance of matters of justice in thehousehold, with power to correct
offenders and keep the peace withinthe verge of the palace, which extends two
hundred yards beyond thegatees.
GREENERY,Green plants; verdure.A pretty little one-storied abode, so rural, so
smothered ingreenery. J. Ingelow.
GREENFISH,See Bluefish, and Pollock.
GREENGAGE,A kind of plum of medium size, roundish shape, greenish flesh,and
delicious flavor. It is called in France Reine Claude, after thequeen of Francis I.
See Gage.
GREENGILL,An oyster which has the gills tinged with a green pigment, saidto be due
to an abnormal condition of the blood.
GREENGROCER,A retailer of vegetables or fruits in their fresh or greenstate.
GREENHEAD,A state of greenness; verdancy. Chaucer.
GREENHORN,A raw, inexperienced person; one easily imposed upon. W.Irving.
GREENHOUSE,A house in which tender plants are cultivated and shelteredfrom the
weather.
GREENING,A greenish apple, of several varieties, among which the RhodeIsland
greening is the best known for its fine-grained acid flesh andits excellent keeping
quality.
GREENISH,Somewhat green; having a tinge of green; as, a greenish yellow.--
Green"ish*ness, n.
GREENLANDER,A native of Greenland.
GREENLET,l. (Zoöl.) One of numerous species of small American singingbirds, of the
genus Vireo, as the solitary, or blue-headed (Vireosolitarius); the brotherly-love
(V. Philadelphicus); the warblinggreenlet (V. gilvus); the yellow-throated greenlet
(V. flavifrons)and others. See Vireo.
GREENLY,With a green color; newly; freshly, immaturely.-- a.
GREENOCKITE,Native cadmium sulphide, a mineral occurring in yellowhexagonal
crystals, also as an earthy incrustation.
GREENROOM,The retiring room of actors and actresses in a theater.
GREENSAND,A variety of sandstone, usually imperfectly consolidated,consisting
largely of glauconite, a silicate of iron and potash of agreen color, mixed with
sand and a trace of phosphate of lime.
GREENSHANK,A European sandpiper or snipe (Totanus canescens); -- calledalso greater
plover.
GREENSTONE,A name formerly applied rather loosely to certain dark-coloredigneous
rocks, including diorite, diabase, etc.
GREENSWARD,Turf green with grass.
GREENTH,The state or quality of being green; verdure. [R.]The greenth of summer. G.
Eliot.
GREENWEED,See Greenbroom.
GREENWOOD,A forest as it appears is spring and summer.
GREET,Great. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GREETER,One who greets or salutes another.
GREETING,Expression of kindness or joy; salutation at meeting; acompliment from one
absent.Write to him . . . gentle adieus and greetings. Shak.
GREEVE,See Grieve, an overseer.
GREEZE,A step. See Gree, a step. [Obs.]The top of the ladder, or first greeze, is
this. Latimer.
GREFFIER,A registrar or recorder; a notary. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
GREGAL,Pertaining to, or like, a flock.For this gregal conformity there is an
excuse. W. S. Mayo.
GREGARIAN,Gregarious; belonging to the herd or common sort; common.[Obs.] "The
gregarian soldiers." Howell.
GREGARINE,Of or pertaining to the Gregarinæ.-- n.
GREGARINIDA,Gregarinæ.
GREGARIOUS,Habitually living or moving in flocks or herds; tending toflock or herd
together; not habitually solitary or living alone.Burke.No birds of prey are
gregarious. Ray.-- Gre*ga"ri*ous*ly, adv.-- Gre-ga'ri-ous-ness, n.
GREGORIAN,Pertaining to, or originated by, some person named Gregory,especially one
of the popes of that name. Gregorian calendar, thecalendar as reformed by Pope
Gregory XIII. in 1582, including themethod of adjusting the leap years so as to
harmonize the civil yearwith the solar, and also the regulation of the time of
Easter and themovable feasts by means of epochs. See Gregorian year (below).--
Gregorian chant (Mus.), plain song, or canto fermo, a kind ofunisonous music,
according to the eight celebrated church modes, asarranged and prescribed by Pope
Gregory I. (called "the Great") inthe 6th century.-- Gregorian modes, the musical
scales ordained by Pope Gregory theGreat, and named after the ancient Greek scales,
as Dorian, Lydian,etc.-- Gregorian telescope (Opt.), a form of reflecting
telescope, namedfrom Prof. James Gregory, of Edinburgh, who perfected it in 1663.
Asmall concave mirror in the axis of this telescope, having its focuscoincident
with that of the large reflector, transmits the lightreceived from the latter back
through a hole in its center to theeyepiece placed behind it.-- Gregorian year, the
year as now reckoned according to theGregorian calendar. Thus, every year, of the
current reckoning, whichis divisible by 4, except those divisible by 100 aud not by
400, has366 days; all other years have 365 days. See Bissextile, and Noteunder
Style, n., 7.
GREILLADE,Iron ore in coarse powder, prepared for reduction by theCatalan process.
GREISEN,A crystalline rock consisting of quarts and mica, common in thetin regions
of Cornwall and Saxony.
GREIT,See Greet, to weep.
GREITH,To make ready; -- often used reflexively. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GREMIAL,Of or pertaining to the lap or bosom. [R.]
GRENADE,A hollow ball or shell of iron filled with powder of otherexplosive,
ignited by means of a fuse, and thrown from the hand amongenemies. Hand grenade.
(a) A small grenade of iron or glass, usuallyabout two and a half inches in
diameter, to be thrown from the handinto the head of a sap, trenches, covered way,
or upon besiegersmounting a breach. (b) A portable fire extinguisher consisting of
aglass bottle containing water and gas. It is thrown into the flames.Called also
fire grenade. Rampart grenades, grenades of varioussizes, which, when used, are
rolled over the pararapet in a trough.
GRENADIER,Originaly, a soldier who carried and threw grenades; afterward,one of a
company attached to each regiment or battalion, taking poston the right of the
line, and wearing a peculiar uniform. In moderntimes, a member of a special
regiment or corps; as, a grenadier ofthe guard of Napoleon I. one of the regiment
of Grenadier Guards ofthe British army, etc.
GRENADILLO,A handsome tropical American wood, much used for making flutesand other
wind instruments; -- called also Grenada cocos, or cocus,and red ebony.
GRENADO,Same as Grenade.
GRENE,Green. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GRES,Grass. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GRETTO,imp. of Greet, to salute.
GREVE,A grove. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GREW,imp. of Grow.
GREY,See Gray (the correct orthography).
GREYHOUND,A slender, graceful breed of dogs, remarkable for keen sightand
swiftness. It is one of the oldest varieties known, and isfigured on the Egyptian
monuments. [Written also grayhound.]
GREYLAG,See Graylag.
GRIBBLE,A small marine isopod crustacean (Limnoria lignorum or L.terebrans), which
burrows into and rapidly destroys submerged timber,such as the piles of wharves,
both in Europe and America.
GRICE,A little pig. [Written also grise.] [Scot.]
GRID,A grating of thin parallel bars, similar to a gridiron.
GRIDDLECAKE,A cake baked or fried on a griddle, esp. a thin batter cake, asof
buckwheat or common flour.
GRIDE,To cut with a grating sound; to cut; to penetrate or pierceharshly; as, the
griding sword. Milton.That through his thigh the mortal steel did gride. Spenser.
GRIDELIN,A color mixed of white, and red, or a gray violet. [Writtenalso gredaline,
grizelin.] Dryden.
GRIDIRON,An openwork frame on which vessels are placed for examination,cleaning,
and repairs. 3. (Sport)
GRIEFFUL,Full of grief or sorrow. Sackvingle.
GRIEFLESS,Without grief. Huloet.
GRIEGO,See Greggoe.
GRIEVABLE,Lamentable. [Obs.]
GRIEVANCER,One who occasions a grievance; one who gives ground forcomplaint.
[Obs.]Petition . . . against the bishops as grand grievancers. Fuller.
GRIEVE,To feel grief; to be in pain of mind on account of an evil; tosorrow; to
mourn; -- often followed by at, for, or over.Do not you grieve at this. Shak.
GRIEVER,One who, or that which, grieves.
GRIEVING,Sad; sorrowful; causing grief.-- n.
GRIFF,An arrangement of parallel bars for lifting the hooked wireswhich raise the
warp threads in a loom for weaving figured goods.Knight.
GRIFFE,The offspring of a mulatto woman and a negro; also, a mulatto.[Local, U. S.]
GRIFFIN,An Anglo-Indian name for a person just arrived from Europe. H.Kingsley.
GRIL,Harah; hard; severe; stern; rough. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
GRILLADE,The act of grilling; also, that which is grilled.
GRILLAGE,A framework of sleepers and crossbeams forming a foundation inmarshy or
treacherous soil.
GRILLE,A lattice or grating.The grille which formed part of the gate. L. Oliphant.
GRILLROOM,A room specially fitted for broiling food, esp. one in arestaurant,
hotel, or clubhouse, arranged for prompt service.
GRILLY,To broil; to grill; hence, To harass. [Obs.] Hudibras.
GRILSE,A young salmon after its first return from the sea.
GRIM,Of forbidding or fear-inspiring aspect; fierce; stern; surly;cruel; frightful;
horrible.Whose grim aspect sets every joint a-shaking. Shak.The ridges of grim war.
Milton.
GRIMACE,A distortion of the countenance, whether habitual, fromaffectation, or
momentary aad occasional, to express some feeling, ascontempt, disapprobation,
complacency, etc.; a smirk; a made-up face.Moving his face into such a hideons
grimace, that every feature of itappeared under a different distortion. Addison.
GRIMACED,Distorted; crabbed.
GRIMALKIN,An old cat, esp. a she-cat. J. Philips.
GRIME,Foul matter; dirt, rubbed in; sullying blackness, deeplyingrained.
GRIMILY,In a grimy manner.
GRIMINESS,The state of being grimy.
GRIMLY,Grim; hideous; stern. [R.]In glided Margaret's grimly ghost, And stood at
William's feet. D.Mallet.
GRIMME,A West African antelope (Cephalophus rufilotus) of a deep baycolor, with a
broad dorsal stripe of black; -- called alsoconquetoon.
GRIMNESS,Fierceness of look; sternness; crabbedness; forbiddingness.
GRIMSIR,A stern man. [Obs.] Burton.
GRIMY,Full of grime; begrimed; dirty; foul.
GRIN,A snare; a gin. [Obs.]Like a bird that hasteth to his grin. Remedy of Love.
GRINDED,Ground. Sir W. Scott.
GRINDELIA,The dried stems and leaves of tarweed (Grindelia), used as aremedy in
asthma and bronchitis.
GRINDER,The restless flycatcher (Seisura inquieta) of Australia; --called also
restless thrush and volatile thrush. It makes a noiselike a scissors grinder, to
which the name alludes. Grinder's asthma,phthisis, or rot (Med.), a lung disease
produced by the mechanicalirritation of the particles of steel and stone given off
in theoperation of grinding.
GRINDERY,Leather workers' materials. [Eng.] Grindery warehouse, a shopwhere leather
workers' materials and tools are kept on sale. [Eng.]
GRINDING,from Grind. Grinding frame, an English name for a cottonspinning
machine.-- Grinding mill. (a) A mill for grinding grain. (b) A lapidary'slathe.
GRINDINGLY,In a grinding manner. [Colloq.]
GRINDLE STONE,A grindstone. [Obs.]
GRINDLE,The bowfin; -- called also Johnny Grindle. [Local, U. S.]
GRINDLET,A small drain.
GRINDSTONE,A flat, circular stone, revolving on an axle, for grinding orsharpening
tools, or shaping or smoothing objects. To hold, pat, orbring one's nose to the
grindstone, to oppress one; to keep one in acondition of servitude.They might be
ashamed, for lack of courage, to suffer theLacedæmonians to hold their noses to the
grindstone. Sir T. North.
GRINGO,Among Spanish Americans, a foreigner, esp. an Englishman orAmerican; --
often used as a term of reproach.
GRINNER,One who grins. Addison.
GRINNINGLY,In a grinning manner.
GRINT,3d pers. sing. pres. of Grind, Etym: contr. from grindeth.[Obs.] Chaucer.
GRINTE,imp. of Grin, v. i., 1.[He] grinte with his teeth, so was he wroth. Chaucer.
GRINTING,Grinding. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GRIP CAR,A car with a grip to clutch a traction cable.
GRIP,The griffin. [Obs.]
GRIPE,A vulture; the griffin. [Obs.]Like a white hind under the gripe's sharp
claws. Shak.Gripe's egg, an alchemist's vessel. [Obs.] E. Jonson.
GRIPEFUL,Disposed to gripe; extortionate.
GRIPER,One who gripes; an oppressor; an extortioner. Burton.
GRIPINGLY,In a griping or oppressive manner. Bacon.
GRIPMAN,The man who manipulates a grip.
GRIPPE,The influenza or epidemic catarrh. Dunglison.
GRIPPER,In printing presses, the fingers or nippers.
GRIPPLE,A grasp; a gripe. [Obs.] Spenser.
GRIPPLENESS,The quality of being gripple. [Obs.]
GRIPSACK,A traveler's handbag. [Colloq.]
GRIS,Gray. [R.] Chaucer.
GRISAILLE,Decorative painting in gray monochrome; -- used in Englishespecially for
painted glass.
GRISAMBER,Ambergris. [Obs.] Milton.
GRISE,See Grice, a pig. [Prov. Eng.]
GRISEOUS,Of a light color, or white, mottled with black or brown;grizzled or
grizzly. Maunder.
GRISETTE,A French girl or young married woman of the lower class; morefrequently, a
young working woman who is fond of gallantry. Sterne.
GRISKIN,The spine of a hog. [Obs.]
GRISLED,See Grizzled.
GRISLINESS,The quality or state of being grisly; horrid. Sir P. Sidney.
GRISLY,Frightful; horrible; dreadful; harsh; as, grisly locks; agrisly specter.
"Grisly to behold." Chaucer.A man of grisly and stern gravity. Robynson (More's
Utopia).Grisly bear. (Zoöl.) See under Grizzly.
GRISONS,The largest and most eastern of the Swiss cantons.
GRISTLE,Cartilage. See Cartilage. Bacon.
GRISTLY,Consisting of, or containing, gristle; like gristle;cartilaginous.
GRISTMILL,A mill for grinding grain; especially, a mill for grindinggrists, or
portions of grain brought by different customers; a custommill.
GRIT,Grain, esp. oats or wheat, hulled and coarsely ground; in highmilling,
fragments of cracked wheat smaller than groats.
GRITH,Peace; security; agreement. [Obs.] Gower.
GRITTINESS,The quality of being gritty.
GRIVET,A monkey of the upper Nile and Abyssinia (Cercopithecusgriseoviridis),
having the upper parts dull green, the lower partswhite, the hands, ears, and face
black. It was known to the ancientEgyptians. Called also tota.
GRIZE,Same as 2d Grise. [Obs.]
GRIZELIN,See Gridelin.
GRIZZLE,Gray; a gray color; a mixture of white and black. Shak.
GRIZZLED,Gray; grayish; sprinkled or mixed with gray; of a mixed whiteand
black.Grizzled hair flowing in elf locks. Sir W. Scott.
GRIZZLY,Somewhat gray; grizzled.Old squirrels that turn grizzly. Bacon.Grizzly bear
(Zoöl.), a large and ferocious bear (Ursus horribilis)of Western North America and
the Rocky Mountains. It is remarkablefor the great length of its claws.
GROAN,To affect by groans.
GROANFUL,Agonizing; sad. [Obs.] Spenser.
GROATS,Dried grain, as oats or wheat, hulled and broken or crushed; inhigh milling,
cracked fragments of wheat larger than grits. Embdengroats, crushed oats.
GROBIAN,A rude or clownish person; boor; lout.
GROCER,A trader who deals in tea, sugar, spices, coffee, fruits, andvarious other
commodities. Grocer's itch (Med.), a disease of theakin, caused by handling sugar
and treacle.
GROG,A mixture of spirit and water not sweetened; hence, anyintoxicating liquor.
Grog blossom, a redness on the nose or face ofpersons who drink ardent spirits to
excess. [Collog.]
GROGGERY,A grogshop. [Slang, U. S.]
GROGGINESS,Tenderness or stiffness in the foot of a horse, which causeshim to move
in a hobbling manner.
GROGGY,Moving in a hobbling manner, owing to ten der feet; -- said ofa horse.
Youatt.
GROGSHOP,A shop or room where strong liquors are sold and drunk; adramshop.
GROIN,The snout of a swine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GROINED,Built with groins; as, a groined ceiling; a groined vault.
GROLIER,The name by which Jean Grolier de Servier (1479-1565), a Frenchbibliophile,
is commonly known; -- used in naming a certain style ofbinding, a design, etc.
GROMET,Same as Grommet.
GROMILL,See Gromwell.
GROMMET,A ring of rope used as a wad to hold a cannon ball in place.
GROMWELL,A plant of the genus Lithospermum (L. arvense), anciently used,because of
its stony pericarp, in the cure of gravel. The Germangromwell is the Stellera.
[Written also gromill.]
GROND,obs. imp. of Grind. Chaucer.
GRONTE,obs. imp. of Groan. Chaucer.
GROOM,To tend or care for, or to curry or clean, as a, horse.
GROOMER,One who, or that which, grooms horses; especially, a brushrotated by a
flexible or jointed revolving shaft, for cleaninghorses.
GROOMSMAN,A male attendant of a bridegroom at his wedding; -- thecorrelative of
bridesmaid.
GROOPER,See Grouper.
GROOVE,A shaft or excavation. [Prov. Eng.]
GROOVING,The act of forming a groove or grooves; a groove, or collectionof grooves.
GROPER,One who gropes; one who feels his way in the dark, or searchesby feeling.
GROPING-LY,In a groping manner.
GROS,A heavy silk with a dull finish; as, gros de Naples; gros deTours.
GROSBEAK,One of various species of finches having a large, stout beak.The common
European grosbeak or hawfinch is Coccothraustes vulgaris.
GROSCHEN,A small silver coin and money of account of Germany, worthabout two cents.
It is not included in the new monetary system of theempire.
GROSGRAIN,Of a coarse texture; -- applied to silk with a heavy threadrunning
crosswise.
GROSS,The number of twelve dozen; twelve times twelve; as, a gross ofbottles; ten
gross of pens. Advowson in gross (Law), an advowsonbelonging to a person, and not
to a manor.-- A great gross, twelve gross; one hundred and forty-four dozen.-- By
the gross, by the quantity; at wholesale.-- Common in gross. (Law) See under
Common, n.-- In the gross, In gross, in the bulk, or the undivided whole; allparts
taken together.
GROSS-HEADED,Thick-skulled; stupid.
GROSSBEAK,See Grosbeak.
GROSSIFICATION,The swelling of the ovary of plants after fertilization.Henslow.
GROSSLY,In a gross manner; greatly; coarsely; without delicacy;shamefully;
disgracefully.
GROSSNESS,The state or quality of being gross; thickness; corpulence;coarseness;
shamefulness.Abhor the swinish grossness that delights to wound the' ear
ofdelicacy. Dr. T. Dwight.
GROSSULAR,Pertaining too, or resembling, a gooseberry; as, grossulargarnet.
GROSSULARIA,Same as Grossular.
GROSSULIN,A vegetable jelly, resembling pectin, found in gooseberries(Ribes
Grossularia) and other fruits.
GROT,A grotto. [Poetic] Milton.
GROTESQUE,Like the figures found in ancient grottoes; grottolike; wildlyor
strangely formed; whimsical; extravagant; of irregular forms andproportions;
fantastic; ludicrous; antic. "Grotesque design." Dryden."Grotesque incidents."
Macaulay.
GROTESQUELY,In a grotesque manner.
GROTESQUENESS,Quality of being grotesque.
GROTESQUERY,Grotesque action, speech, or manners; grotesque doings. "Thesustained
grotesquery of Feather-top." K. L. Bates.
GROTTO,A natural covered opening in the earth; a cave; also, anartificial recess,
cave, or cavernlike apartment.
GROTTO-WORK,Artificial and ornamental rockwork in imitation of a grotto.Cowper.
GROUND,A floor or pavement supposed to rest upon the earth.
GROUNDAGE,A local tax paid by a ship for the ground or space it occupieswhile in
port. Bouvier.
GROUNDEDLY,In a grounded or firmly established manner. Glanvill.
GROUNDEN,p. p. of Grind. Chaucer.
GROUNDING,The act, method, or process of laying a groundwork orfoundation; hence,
elementary instruction; the act or process ofapplying a ground, as of color, to
wall paper, cotton cloth, etc.; abasis.
GROUNDLESS,Without ground or foundation; wanting cause or reason forsupport; not
authorized; false; as, groundless fear; a groundlessreport or assertion.--
Ground"less*ly, adv.-- Ground"less*ness, n.
GROUNDLING,A fish that keeps at the bottom of the water, as the loach.
GROUNDLY,Solidly; deeply; thoroughly. [Obs.]Those whom princes do once groundly
hate, Let them provide to die assure us fate. Marston.
GROUNDSEL,An annual composite plant (Senecio vulgaris) one of the mostcommon, and
widely distributed weeds on the globe.
GROUNDSILL,Defn:
GROUNDWORK,That which forms the foundation or support of anything; thebasis; the
essential or fundamental part; first principle. Dryden.
GROUP,A variously limited assemblage of animals or planta, havingsome resemblance,
or common characteristics in form or structure. Theterm has different uses, and may
be made to include certain speciesof a genus, or a whole genus, or certain genera,
or even severalorders.
GROUPING,The disposal or relative arrangement of figures or objects, asin, drawing,
painting, and sculpture, or in ornamental design.
GROUSE,) Any of the numerous species of gallinaceous birds of thefamily Tetraonidæ,
and subfamily Tetraoninæ, inhabiting Europe, Asia,and North America. They have
plump bodies, strong, well-featheredlegs, and usually mottled plumage. The group
includes the ptarmigans(Lagopus), having feathered feet.
GROUSER,(Dredging, Pile Driving, etc.) A pointed timber attached to aboat and
sliding vertically, to thrust into the ground as a means ofanchorage.
GROUT,Lees; dregs; grounds. [Eng.] "Grouts of tea." Dickens.
GROUTHEAD,See Growthead.
GROUTING,The process of filling in or finishing with grout; also, thegrout thus
filled in. Gwilt.
GROUTNOL,Same as Growthead. Beau. & Fl.
GROUTY,Cross; sulky; sullen. [Colloq.]
GROVE,The original sense seems to have been a lane cut through trees.See Grave, v.,
and cf. Groove.] A smaller group of trees than aforest, and without underwood,
planted, or growing naturally as ifarranged by art; a wood of small extent.
GROVELER,One who grovels; an abject wretch. [Written also groveller.]
GROVELING,Lying prone; low; debased. [Written also grovelling.] "Agroveling
creature." Cowper.
GROVY,Pertaining to, or resembling, a grove; situated in, orfrequenting, groves.
Dampier.
GROW,To cause to grow; to cultivate; to produce; as, to grow a crop;to grow wheat,
hops, or tobacco. Macaulay.
GROWABLE,Capable of growth.
GROWAN,A decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodesin Cornwall.
GROWER,One who grows or produces; as, a grower of corn; also, thatwhich grows or
increases; as, a vine may be a rank or a slow grower.
GROWL,To utter a deep guttural sound, sa an angry dog; to give forthan angry,
grumbling sound. Gay.
GROWLER,The large-mouthed black bass. [Local]
GROWLINGLY,In a growling manner.
GROWN,p. p. of Grow.
GROWSE,To shiver; to have chills. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray.
GROWTHEAD,A lazy person; a blockhead. [Obs.] Tusser.
GROWTHFUL,Having capacity of growth. [R.] J. Hamilton.
GROYNE,See Groin.
GROZING IRON,A tool for smoothing the solder joints of lead pipe. Knight.
GRUB,The larva of an insect, especially of a beetle; -- called alsogrubworm. See
Illust. of Goldsmith beetle, under Goldsmith.Yet your butterfly was a grub. Shak.
GRUBBER,One who, or that which, grubs; especially, a machine or tool ofthe nature
of a grub ax, .grub hook, etc.
GRUBBLE,To feel or grope in the dark. [Obs.] Dryden.
GRUBBY,Dirty; unclean. [Colloq.]The grubby game of marbles. Lond. Sat. Rev.
GRUBWORM,See Grub, n., 1.And gnats and grubworms crowded on his view. C. Smart.
GRUCCHE,To murmur; to grumble. [Obs.]What aileth you, thus for grucche and groan.
Chaucer.
GRUDGEFUL,Full of grudge; envious. "Grudgeful discontent." Spenser.
GRUDGER,One who grudges.
GRUDGINGLY,In a grudging manner.
GRUDGINGNESS,The state or quality of grudging, or of being full of grudge
orunwillingness.
GRUEL,A light, liquid food, made by boiling meal of maize, oatmeal,or fiour in
water or milk; thin porridge.
GRUELLY,Like gruel; of the consistence of gruel.
GRUESOME,Same as Grewsome. [Scot.]
GRUF,Forwards; with one's face to the ground. [Obs.]They fellen gruf, and cryed
piteously. Chaucer.
GRUFF,Of a rough or stern manner, voice, or countenance; sour; surly;severe; harsh.
Addison.Gruff, disagreeable, sarcastic remarks. Thackeray.-- Gruff"ly, adv.--
Gruff"ness, n.
GRUGRU PALM,A West Indian name for several kinds of palm. See Macaw tree,under
Macaw. [Written also grigri palm.]
GRUGRU WORM,The larva or grub of a large South American beetle (Calandrapalmarum),
which lives in the pith of palm trees and sugar cane. Itis eaten by the natives,
and esteemed a delicacy.
GRUMBLE,To express or utter with grumbling.
GRUMBLER,One who grumbles.
GRUMBLINGLY,In a grumbling manner.
GRUME,A thick, viscid fluid; a clot, as of blood. Quincy.
GRUMLY,In a grum manner.
GRUMOSE,Clustered in grains at intervals; grumous.
GRUMOUS,See Grumose.
GRUMOUSNESS,The state of being grumous.
GRUMPILY,In a surly manner; sullenly. [Colloq.]
GRUMPY,Surly; dissatisfied; grouty. [Collog.] Ferby.
GRUNDEL,A groundling (fish). [Prov. Eng.]
GRUNDSEL,Grounsel. [Obs.]
GRUNDYISM,Narrow and unintelligent conventionalism. -- Grun"dy*ist, n.
GRUNT,To make a deep, short noise, as a hog; to utter a short groanor a deep
guttural sound.Who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life.
Shak.Grunting ox (Zoöl.), the yak.
GRUNTER,One of several American marine fishes. See Sea robin, andGrunt, n., 2.
GRUNTINGLY,In a grunting manner.
GRUNTLE,To grunt; to grunt repeatedly. [Obs.]
GRUNTLING,A young hog.
GRUTCH,See Grudge. [Obs.] Hudibras.
GRUYERE CHEESE,'' (Gruyère, Switzerland. It is a firm cheese containingnumerous
cells, and is known in the United States as Schweitzerkäse.
GRYDE,To gride. See Gride. Spenser.
GRYFON,See Griffin. Spenser.
GRYLLUS,A genus of insects including the common crickets.
GRYPE,To gripe. [Obs.] See Gripe. Spenser.
GRYPHAEA,A genus of cretaceous fossil shells allied to the oyster.
GRYPHITE,A shell of the genus Gryphea.
GRYPHON,The griffin vulture.
GRYSBOK,A small South African antelope (Neotragus melanotis). It isspeckled with
gray and chestnut, above; the under parts are reddishfawn.
GUACHARO,A nocturnal bird of South America and Trinidad (SteatornisCaripensis, or
S. steatornis); -- called also oilbird.
GUAIAC,Pertaining to, or resembling, guaiacum.-- n. Guaiacum.
GUAIACOL,A colorless liquid, C7H8O2, with a peculiar odor. It is themethyl ether of
pyrocatechin, and is obtained by distilling guaiacumfrom wood-tar creosote, and in
other ways. It has been used intreating pulmonary tuberculosis.
GUAIACUM,A genus of small, crooked trees, growing in tropical America.
GUAN,Any one of many species of large gallinaceous birds of Certaland South
America, belonging to Penelope, Pipile, Ortalis, and alliedgenera. Several of the
species are often domesticated.
GUANA,See Iguana.
GUANACO,A South American mammal (Auchenia huanaco), allied to thellama, but of
larger size and more graceful form, inhabiting thesouthern Andes and Patagonia. It
is supposed by some to be the llamain a wild state. [Written also huanaco.]
GUANIDINE,A strongly alkaline base, CN3H5, formed by the oxidation ofguanin, and
also obtained combined with methyl in the decompositionof creatin. Boiled with
dilute sulphuric acid, it yields urea andammonia.
GUANIFEROUS,Yielding guano. Ure.
GUANIN,A crystalline substance (C5H5N5O) contained in guano. It isalso a
constituent of the liver, pancreas, and other glands inmammals.
GUANO,A substance found in great abundance on some coasts or islandsfrequented by
sea fowls, and composed chiefly of their excrement. Itis rich in phosphates and
ammonia, and is used as a powerfulfertilizer.
GUARANA,A preparation from the seeds of Paullinia sorbilis, a woodyclimber of
Brazil, used in making an astringent drink, and also inthe cure of headache.
GUARANINE,An alkaloid extracted from guarana. Same as Caffeine.
GUARANTEE,The person to whom a guaranty is made; -- the correlative ofguarantor.
GUARANTY,In law and common usage: An undertaking to answer for thepayment of some
debt, or the performance of some contract or duty, ofanother, in case of the
failure of such other to pay or perform; aguarantee; a warranty; a security.
GUARD,To watch by way of caution or defense; to be caution; to be ina state or
position of defense or safety; as, careful persons guardagainst mistakes.
GUARDABLE,Capable of being guarded or protected.
GUARDAGE,Wardship [Obs.] Shak.
GUARDANT,Same as Gardant.
GUARDED,Cautious; wary; circumspect; as, he was guarded in hisexpressions; framed
or uttered with caution; as, his expressions wereguarded.-- Guard"edly, adv.--
Guard"ed*ness, n.
GUARDENAGE,Guardianship. [Obs. & R.] " His tuition and guardenage."Holland.
GUARDER,One who guards.
GUARDFISH,The garfish.
GUARDFUL,Cautions; wary; watchful. [Obs. or Poetic.] -- Guard"ful*ly,adv.
GUARDHOUSE,A building which is occupied by the guard, and in whichsoldiers are
confined for misconduct; hence, a lock-up.
GUARDIAN,One who has, or is entitled to, the custody of the person orproperty of an
infant, a minor without living parents, or a personincapable of managing his own
affairs.Of the several species of guardians, the first are guardians bynature.--
viz., the father and (in some cases) the mother of the child.Blockstone.Guardian ad
litem ( (Law), a guardian appointed by a court of justiceto conduct a particular
suit.-- Guardians of the poor, the members of a board appointed orelected to care
for the relief of the poor within a township, ordistrict.
GUARDIANAGE,Guardianship. [Obs.]
GUARDIANCE,Guardianship. [Obs.]
GUARDIANESS,A female guardian.I have placed a trusty, watchful guardianess. Beau. &
Fl.
GUARDIANLESS,Without a guardian. Marston.
GUARDIANSHIP,The office, duty, or care, of a guardian; protection; care;watch.
GUARDLESS,Without a guard or defense; unguarded. Chapman.
GUARDROOM,The room occupied by the guard during its term of duty; also, aroom where
prisoners are confined.
GUARDS,A body of picked troops; as, "The Household Guards."
GUARDSHIP,Care; protection. [Obs.] Swift.
GUARISH,To heal. [Obs.] Spenser.
GUATEMALA GRASS,See Teosinte.
GUAVA,A tropical tree, or its fruit, of the genus Psidium. Twovarieties are well
known, the P. pyriferum, or white guava, and P.pomiferum, or red guava. The fruit
or berry is shaped like apomegranate, but is much smaller. It is somewhat
astringent, butmakes a delicious jelly.
GUBERNANCE,Government. [Obs.]
GUBERNATE,To govern. [Obs.] Cockeram.
GUBERNATION,The act of governing; government [Obs.] I. Watts.
GUBERNATIVE,Governing. [Obs.]
GUBERNATORIAL,Pertaining to a governor, or to government.
GUDGEON,A small European freshwater fish (Gobio fluviatilis), allied tothe carp. It
is easily caught and often used for food and for bait.In America the killifishes or
minnows are often called gudgeons.
GUE,A sharper; a rogue. [Obs.] J. Webstar.
GUELDERROSE,A cultivated variety of a species of Viburnum (V. Opulus),bearing large
bunches of white flowers; -- called also snowball tree.
GUENON,One of several long-tailed Oriental monkeys, of the genusCercocebus, as the
green monkey and grivet.
GUEPARDE,The cheetah.
GUERDON,A reward; requital; recompense; -- used in both a good and abad sense.
Macaulay.So young as to regard men's frown or smile As loss or guerdon of aglorious
lot. Byron.He shall, by thy revenging hand, at once receive the just guerdon ofall
his former villainies. Knolles.
GUERDONABLE,Worthy of reward. Sir G. Buck.
GUERDONLESS,Without reward or guerdon.
GUEREZA,A beautiful Abyssinian monkey (Colobus guereza), having thebody black, with
a fringe of long, silky, white hair along the sides,and a tuft of the same at the
end of the tail. The frontal band,cheeks, and chin are white.
GUERILLA,See Guerrilla.
GUERITE,A projecting turret for a sentry, as at the salient angles ofworks, or the
acute angles of bastions.
GUERNSEY LILY,A South African plant (Nerine Sarniensis) with handsomelilylike
flowers, naturalized on the island of Guernsey.
GUERRILLA,Pertaining to, or engaged in, warfare carried on irregularlyand by
independent bands; as, a guerrilla party; guerrilla warfare.
GUESS ROPE,A guess warp.
GUESS WARP,A rope or hawser by which a vessel is towed or warped along; --so called
because it is necessary to guess at the length to becarried in the boat making the
attachment to a distant object.
GUESS,To make a guess or random judgment; to conjecture; -- with at,about, etcThis
is the place, as well as I may guess. Milton.
GUESSABLE,Capable of being guessed.
GUESSER,One who guesses; one who forms or gives an opinion withoutmeans of knowing.
GUESSINGLY,By way of conjecture. Shak.
GUESSIVE,Conjectural. [Obs.] Feltham.
GUESSWORK,Work performed, or results obtained, by guess; conjecture.
GUEST ROPE,The line by which a boat makes fast to the swinging boom. Ham.Nav.
Encyc.
GUEST,To receive or entertain hospitably. [Obs.] Sylvester.
GUESTWISE,In the manner of a guest.
GUEVI,One of several very small species and varieties of Africanantelopes, of the
genus Cephalophus, as the Cape guevi or kleeneboc(C. pyg. mæa); -- called also
pygmy antelope.
GUFFAW,A loud burst of laughter, a horse laugh. "A hearty low guffaw."Carlyle.
GUFFER,The eelpout; guffer eel.
GUGGLE,See Gurgle.
GUHR,A loose, earthy deposit from water, found in the cavities orclefts of rocks,
mostly white, but sometimes red or yellow, from amixture of clay or ocher. P.
Cleaveland.
GUIAC,Same as Guaiac.
GUIACOL,A colorless liquid, C6H4,OCH3.OH, resembling the phenols, foundas a
constituent of woodtar creosote, aud produced by the drydistillation of guaiac
resin.
GUIACUM,Same as Guaiacum.
GUIB,A West African antelope (Tragelaphus scriptus), curiouslymarked with white
stripes and spots on a reddish fawn ground, andhence called harnessed antelope; --
called also guiba.
GUICOWAR,[Mahratta gaekwar, prop., a cowherd.] The title of thesovereign of
Guzerat, in Western India; -- generally called theGuicowar of Baroda, which is the
capital of the country.
GUIDABLE,Capable of being guided; willing to be guided or counseled.Sprat.
GUIDANCE,The act or result of guiding; the superintendence or assistanceof a guide;
direction; government; a leading.His studies were without guidance and without
plan. Macaulay.
GUIDE ROPE,A rope hung from a balloon or dirigible so as trail along theground for
about half its length, used to preserve altitudeautomatically, by variation of the
length dragging on the ground,without loss of ballast or gas.
GUIDE,A grooved director for a probe or knife.(c) (Printing) A strip or device to
direct the compositor's eye tothe line of copy he is setting.
GUIDEBOARD,A board, as upon a guidepost having upon it directions orinformation as
to the road. Lowell.
GUIDEBOOK,A book of directions and information for travelers, tourists,etc.
GUIDELESS,Without a guide. Dryden.
GUIDEPOST,A post at the fork of a road, with a guideboard on it, todirect
travelers.
GUIDER,A guide; a director. Shak.
GUIDERESS,A female guide. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GUIDGUID,A South American ant bird of the genus Hylactes; -- called alsobarking
bird.
GUIGE,See Gige.
GUILDABLE,Liable to a tax. [Obs.]
GUILDER,A Dutch silver coin worth about forty cents; -- called alsoflorin and
gulden.
GUILDHALL,The hall where a guild or corporation usually assembles; atownhall.
GUILE,Craft; deceitful cunning; artifice; duplicity; wile; deceit;treachery.Behold
an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile. John i. 47.To wage by force or guile
eternal war. Milton.
GUILEFUL,Full of guile; characterized by cunning, deceit, or treachery;guilty.--
Guile"ful*ly, adv.-- Guile"ful*ness, n.
GUILELESS,Free from guile; artless.-- Guile"less*ly, adv. Guile"less*ness, n.
GUILLEMET,A quotation mark. [R.]
GUILLEMOT,One of several northern sea birds, allied to the auks. Theyhave short
legs, placed far back, and are expert divers and swimmers.
GUILLEVAT,A vat for fermenting liquors.
GUILLOCHE,An ornament in the form of two or more bands or strings twistedover each
other in a continued series, leaving circular openingswhich are filled with round
ornaments.
GUILLOCHED,Waved or engine-turned. Mollett.
GUILLOTINE,To behead with the guillotine.
GUILOR,A deceiver; one who deludes, or uses guile. [Obs.] Spenser.
GUILT-SICK,Made sick by consciousness of guilt. "A guilt-sick conscience."Beau. c&
El.
GUILTILY,In a guilty manner.
GUILTINESS,The quality or state of being guilty.
GUILTYLIKE,Guiltily. [Obs.] Shak.
GUIMPE,A kind of short chemisette, worn with a low-necked dress.
GUINEA-PIG DIRECTOR,A director (usually one holding a number of directorships)
whoserves merely or mainly for the fee (in England, often a guinea) paidfor
attendance. [Colloq.]
GUIPURE,A term used for lace of different kinds; most properly for alace of large
pattern and heavy material which has no ground or mesh,but has the pattern held
together by connecting threads called barsor brides.
GUIRLAND,See Garland.
GUISER,A person in disguise; a masker; a mummer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
GUITAR,A stringed instrument of music resembling the lute or theviolin, but larger,
and having six strings, three of silk coveredwith silver wire, and three of catgut,
-- played upon with thefingers.
GUITGUIT,One of several species of small tropical American birds of thefamily
Coerebidæ, allied to the creepers; -- called also quit. SeeQuit.
GULA,A capping molding. Same as Cymatium.
GULAR,Pertaining to the gula or throat; as, gular plates. See Illust.of Bird, and
Bowfin.
GULAUND,An arctic sea bird.
GULCH,To swallow greedily; to gulp down. [Obs.]
GULD,A flower. See Gold. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GULDEN,See Guilder.
GULE,To give the color of gules to.
GULES,The tincture red, indicated in seals and engraved figures ofescutcheons by
parallel vertical lines. Hence, used poetically for ared color or that which is
red.His sev'n-fold targe a field of gules did stain In which two swordshe bore; his
word, "Divide and reign." P. Fletcher.Follow thy drum; With man's blood paint the
ground; gules, gules.Shak.Let's march to rest and set in gules, like suns. Beau. &
Fl.
GULF,A portion of an ocean or sea extending into the land; apartially land-locked
sea; as, the Gulf of Mexico.
GULFY,Full of whirlpools or gulfs. Chapman.
GULGUL,A cement made in India from sea shells, pulverized and mixedwith oil, and
spread over a ship's bottom, to prevent the boring ofworms.
GULIST,A glutton. [Obs.]
GULL,To deceive; to cheat; to mislead; to trick; to defraud.The rulgar, gulled into
rebellion, armed. Dryden.I'm not gulling him for the emperor's service. Coleridge.
GULLAGE,Act of being gulled. [Obs.]Had you no quirk. To avoid gullage, sir, by such
a creature B. Jonson
GULLER,One who gulls; a deceiver.
GULLERY,An act, or the practice, of gulling; trickery; fraud. [R.] "Amere gullery."
Selden.
GULLET,The tube by which food and drink are carried from the pharynxto the stomach;
the esophagus.
GULLETING,A system of excavating by means of gullets or channels.
GULLIBLE,Easily gulled; that may be duped.-- Gul"li*bii`i*ty, n. Burke.
GULLISH,Foolish; stupid. [Obs.] Gull"ish*ness, n. [Obs.]
GULLY,A large knife. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
GULOSITY,Excessive appetite; greediness; voracity. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
GULP,To swallow eagerly, or in large draughts; to swallow up; totake down at one
swallow.He does not swallow, but he gulps it down. Cowper.The old man . . . glibly
gulped down the whole narrative. Fielding.To gulp up, to throw up from the stomach;
to disgorge.
GULPH,See Gulf.
GULT,Guilt. See Guilt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GULTY,Guilty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GULY,Of or pertaining to gules; red. "Those fatal guly dragons."Milton.
GUM,The dense tissues which invest the teeth, and cover theadjacent parts of the
jaws. Gum rash (Med.), strophulus in a teethingchild; red gum.-- Gum stick, a
smooth hard substance for children to bite uponwhile teething.
GUMBOIL,A small suppurting inflamed spot on the gum.
GUMMA,A kind of soft tumor, usually of syphilitic origin.
GUMMATOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, gumma.
GUMMER,A punch-cutting tool, or machine for deepening and enlargingthe spaces
between the teeth of a worn saw.
GUMMIFEROUS,Producing gum; gum-bearing.
GUMMINESS,The state or quality of being gummy; viscousness.
GUMMITE,A yellow amorphous mineral, essentially a hydrated oxide ofuranium derived
from the alteration of uraninite.
GUMMOSITY,Gumminess; a viscous or adhesive quality or nature. [R.]Floyer.
GUMMOUS,Of or pertaining to a gumma.
GUMMY,Consisting of gum; viscous; adhesive; producing or containinggum; covered
with gum or a substance resembling gum.Kindles the gummy bark of fir or pine.
Milton.Then rubs his gummy eyes. Dryden.Gummy tumor (Med.), a gumma.
GUMP,A dolt; a dunce. [Low.] Holloway.
GUN,A piece of heavy ordnance; in a restricted sense, a cannon.
GUNA,In Sanskrit grammar, a lengthening of the simple vowels a, i,e, by prefixing
an a element. The term is sometimes used to denotethe same vowel change in other
languages.
GUNARCHY,See Gynarchy.
GUNBOAT,A vessel of light draught, carrying one or more guns.
GUNCOTTON,See under Gun.
GUNDELET,See Gondola. Marston.
GUNFLINT,A sharpened flint for the lock of a gun, to ignite the charge.It was in
common use before the introduction of percussion caps.
GUNJAH,See Ganja.
GUNLOCK,The lock of a gun, for producing the discharge. See Lock.
GUNNAGE,The number of guns carried by a ship of war.
GUNNEL,A small, eel-shaped, marine fish of the genus Murænoides; esp.,M. gunnellus
of Europe and America; -- called also gunnel fish,butterfish, rock eel.
GUNNERY,That branch of military science which comprehends the theory ofprojectiles,
and the manner of constructing and using ordnance.
GUNNIE,Space left by the removal of ore.
GUNNING,The act or practice of hunting or shooting game with a gun.The art of
gunning was but little practiced. Goldsmith.
GUNOCRACY,See Gyneocracy.
GUNPOWDER,A black, granular, explosive substance, consisting of anintimate
mechanical mixture of niter, charcoal, and sulphur. It isused in gunnery and
blasting.
GUNREACH,The reach or distance to which a gun will shoot; gunshot.
GUNROOM,An apartment on the after end of the lower gun deck of a shipof war,
usually occupied as a messroom by the commissioned officers,except the captain; --
called wardroom in the United States navy.
GUNSHOT,Made by the shot of a gun: as. a gunshot wound.
GUNSMITH,One whose occupation is to make or repair small firearms; anarmorer.
GUNSTICK,A stick to ram down the charge of a musket, etc.; a rammer orramrod. [R.]
GUNSTOCK,The stock or wood to which the barrel of a hand gun isfastened.
GUNSTOME,A cannon ball; -- so called because originally made of stone.[Obs.] Shak.
GUNTER RIG,A topmast arranged with metal bands so that it will readilyslide up and
down the lower mast.
GUNWALE,The upper edge of a vessel's or boat's side; the uppermost waleof a ship
(not including the bulwarks); or that piece of timber whichreaches on either side
from the quarter-deck to the forecastle, beingthe uppermost bend, which finishes
the upper works of the hull.[Written also gunnel.]
GURGE,A whirlpool. [Obs.]The plain, wherein a black bituminous gurge Boils out from
underground. Milton.
GURGEONS,See Grudgeons.
GURGLE,To run or flow in a broken, irregular, noisy current, as waterfrom a bottle,
or a small stream among pebbles or stones.Pure gurgling rills the lonely desert
trace, And waste their music onthe savage race. Young.
GURGLET,A porous earthen jar for cooling water by evaporation.
GURGLINGLY,In a gurgling manner.
GURGOYLE,See Gargoyle.
GURJUN,A thin balsam or wood oil derived from the Diptcrocarpus lævis,an East
Indian tree. It is used in medicine, and as a substitute forlinseed oil in the
coarser kinds of paint.
GURL,A young person of either sex. [Obs.] See Girl. Chaucer.
GURLET,A pickax with one sharp point and one cutting edge. Knight.
GURMY,A level; a working.
GURNIAD,See Gwiniad.
GURRY,An alvine evacuation; also, refuse matter. [Obs. or Local]Holland.
GURT,A gutter or channel for water, hewn out of the bottom of aworking drift. Page.
GURTS,Groatts. [Obs.]
GUSHER,One who gushes. [Colloq.]
GUSHINGLY,, adv.
GUSSET,An abatement or mark of dishonor in a coat of arms, resemblinga gusset.
GUST,To taste; to have a relish for. [Obs.]
GUSTABLE,Anything that can be tasted. [Obs.]
GUSTARD,The great bustard.
GUSTATION,The act of tasting. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
GUSTATORY,Pertaining to, or subservient to, the sense of taste; as, thegustatory
nerve which supplies the front of the tongue.
GUSTFUL,Tasteful; well-tasted. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.-- Gust"ful*ness, n. [Obs.]
Barrow.
GUSTLESS,Tasteless; insipid. [R.]
GUSTO,Nice or keen appreciation or enjoyment; relish; taste; fancy.Dryden.
GUSTOSO,Tasteful; in a tasteful, agreeable manner.
GUSTY,Subject to, or characterized by, gusts or squalls; windy;stormy;
tempestuous.Upon a raw and gusty day. Shak.
GUTTA,One of a series of ornaments, in the form of a frustum of acone, attached to
the lower part of the triglyphs, and also to thelower faces of the mutules, in the
Doric order; -- called alsocampana, and drop. Gutta serena Etym: [L., lit. serene
or clear drop](Med.), amaurosis.-- Guttæ band (Arch.), the listel or band from
which the guttæ hang.
GUTTA-PERCHA,A concrete juice produced by various trees found in the
Malayanarchipelago, especially by the Isonandra, or Dichopsis, Gutta. Itbecomes
soft, and unpressible at the tamperature of boiling water,and, on cooling, retains
its new shape. It dissolves in oils andethers, but not in water. In many of its
properties it resemblescaoutchouc, and it is extensively used for many economical
purposes.The Mimusops globosa of Guiana also yields this material.
GUTTATE,Spotted, as if discolored by drops.
GUTTATED,Besprinkled with drops, or droplike spots. Bailey.
GUTTATRAP,The inspissated juice of a tree of the genus Artocarpus (A.incisa, or
breadfruit tree), sometimes used in making birdlime, onaccount of its glutinous
quality.
GUTTER,To become channeled, as a candle when the flame flares in thewind.
GUTTIFER,A plant that exudes gum or resin.
GUTTIFORM,Drop-shaped, as a spot of color.
GUTTLE,To put into the gut; to swallow greedily; to gorge; togormandize. [Obs.]
L'Estrange. Dryden.
GUTTLER,A greedy eater; a glutton. [Obs.]
GUTTULOUS,In droplike form. [Obs.]In its [hail's] guttulous descent from the air.
Sir T. Browne.
GUTTURAL,Of or pertaining to the throat; formed in the throat; relatingto, or
characteristic of, a sound formed in the throat.Children are occasionally born with
guttural swellings. W. Guthrie.In such a sweet, guttural accent. Landor.
GUTTURALISM,The quality of being guttural; as, the gutturalism of A [in the16th
cent.] Earle.
GUTTURALITY,The quality of being guttural. [R.] "The old gutturality of k."Earle.
GUTTURALIZE,To speak gutturally; to give a guttural sound to.
GUTTURALLY,In a guttural manner.
GUTTURALNESS,The quality of being guttural.
GUTTURINE,Pertaining to the throat. [Obs.] "Gutturine tumor." Ray.
GUTTURIZE,To make in the throat; to gutturalize. [R.]For which the Germans
gutturize a sound. Coleridge.
GUTTURO-,A combining form denoting relation to the throat; as, gutturo-nasal,
having both a guttural and a nasal character; gutturo-palatal.
GUTTY,Charged or sprinkled with drops.
GUTWORT,A plant, Globularia Alypum, a violent purgative, found inAfrica.
GUY,A rope, chain, or rod attached to anything to steady it; as: arope to steady or
guide an object which is being hoisted or lowered;a rope which holds in place the
end of a boom, spar, or yard in aship; a chain or wire rope connecting a suspension
bridge with theland on either side to prevent lateral swaying; a rod or
ropeattached to the top of a structure, as of a derrick, and extendingobliquely to
the ground, where it is fastened.
GUYLE,To guile. [Obs.] Spenser.
GUZE,A roundlet of tincture sanguine, which is blazoned withoutmention of the
tincture.
GUZZLE,To swallow liquor greedily; to drink much or frequently.Those that came to
guzzle in his wine cellar. Milton.Well-seasoned bowls the gossip's spirits raise,
Who, while sheguzzles, chats the doctor's praise. Roscommon.To fat the guzzling
hogs with floods of whey. Gay.
GUZZLER,An immoderate drinker.
GWINIAD,A fish (Coregonus ferus) of North Wales and Northern Europe,allied to the
lake whitefish; -- called also powan, and schelly.[Written also gwyniad, guiniad,
gurniad.]
GYALL,See Gayal.
GYBE,See Gibe.
GYE,To guide; to govern. [Obs.]Discreet enough his country for to gye. Chaucer.
GYLE,Fermented wort used for making vinegar. Gyle tan (Brewing), alarge vat in
which wort ferments.
GYMNAL,Same as Gimmal.
GYMNASIARCH,An Athenian officer who superintended the gymnasia, andprovided the oil
and other necessaries at his own expense.
GYMNAST,One who teaches or practices gymnastic exercises; the managerof a
gymnasium; an athlete.
GYMNASTIC,A gymnast. [Obs.]
GYMNASTICALLY,In a gymnastic manner.
GYMNASTICS,Athletic or disciplinary exercises; the art of performinggymnastic
exercises; also, disciplinary exercises for the intellector character.
GYMNIC,Athletic exercise. [Obs.] Burton.
GYMNITE,A hydrous silicate of magnesia.
GYMNOBLASTEA,The Athecata; -- so called because the medusoid buds are notinclosed
in a capsule.
GYMNOBLASTIC,Of or pertaining to the Gymnoblastea.
GYMNOCARPOUS,Naked-fruited, the fruit either smooth or not adherent to theperianth.
Gray.
GYMNOCHROA,A division of Hydroidea including the hydra. See Hydra.
GYMNOCLADUS,A genus of leguminous plants; the Kentucky coffee tree. Theleaves are
cathartic, and the seeds a substitute for coffee.
GYMNOCOPA,A group of transparent, free-swimming Annelida, having setaeonly in the
cephalic appendages.
GYMNOCYTE,(Biol.) A cytode without a proper cell wall, but with anucleus. Haeckel.
GYMNOCYTODE,A cytode without either a cell wall or a nucleus. Haeckel.
GYMNODONT,One of a group of plectognath fishes (Gymnodontes), having theteeth and
jaws consolidated into one or two bony plates, on each jaw,as the diodonts and
tetradonts. See Bur fish, Globefish, Diodon.
GYMNOGEN,One of a class of plants, so called by Lindley, because theovules are
fertilized by direct contact of the pollen. Same asGymnosperm.
GYMNOGLOSSA,A division of gastropods in which the odontophore is withoutteeth.
GYMNONOTI,The order of fishes which includes the Gymnotus or electricaleel. The
dorsal fin is wanting.
GYMNOPAEDIC,Having young that are naked when hatched; psilopædic; -- saidof certain
birds.
GYMNOPHIONA,An order of Amphibia, having a long, annulated, snakelike body.See
Ophiomorpha.
GYMNOPHTHALMATA,A group of acalephs, including the naked-eyed medusæ;
thehydromedusæ. Most of them are known to be the free-swimming progeny(gonophores)
of hydroids.
GYMNOPLAST,A cell or mass of protoplasm devoid of an envelope, as a whiteblood
corpuscle.
GYMNORHINAL,Having unfeathered nostrils, as certain birds.
GYMNOSOMATA,One of the orders of Pteropoda. They have no shell.
GYMNOSOPHIST,One of a sect of philosophers, said to have been found in Indiaby
Alexander the Great, who went almost naked, denied themselves theuse of flesh,
renounced bodily pleasures, and employed themselves inthe contemplation of nature.
GYMNOSOPHY,The doctrines of the Gymnosophists. Good.
GYMNOSPERM,A plant that bears naked seeds (i. e., seeds not inclosed in anovary),
as the common pine and hemlock. Cf. Angiosperm.
GYMNOTOKA,The Athecata.
GYMNOTUS,A genus of South American fresh-water fishes, including theGymnotus
electricus, or electric eel. It has a greenish, eel-likebody, and is possessed of
electric power.One fearful shock, fearful but momentary, like from the electric
blowof the gymnotus. De Quincey.
GYN,To begin [Obs.] See Gin.
GYNAECIAN,The same as Gynecian.
GYNAECOPHORE,A ventral canal or groove, in which the males of some
dioecioustrematodes carry the female. See Illust. of Hæmatozoa.
GYNANDER,A plant having the stamens inserted in the pistil.
GYNANDRIA,A class of plants in the Linnaean system, whose stamens growout of, or
are united with, the pistil.
GYNANDROMORPH,An animal affected with gynandromorphism,
GYNANDROMORPHISM,An abnormal condition of certain animals, in which one side hasthe
external characters of the male, and the other those of thefemale.
GYNANDROMORPHOUS,Affected, with gynandromorphism.
GYNANTHEROUS,Pertaining to an abnormal condition of the flower, in which thestamens
are converted into pistils. A. Brown.
GYNARCHY,Government by a woman. Chesterfield.
GYNECEUM,See Gynæceum.
GYNECIAN,Of or relating to women.
GYNECOCRACY,Government by a woman, female power; gyneocracy. Bailey.
GYNECOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to gynecology.
GYNECOLOGY,The science which treats of the structure and diseases ofwomen.--
Gyn`e*col"o*gist.
GYNEOCRACY,See Gynecocracy.
GYNEOLATRY,The adoration or worship of woman.The sentimental gyneolatry of
chivalry, which was at best but skin-deep. Lowell.
GYNEPHOBIA,Hatred of women; repugnance to the society of women. Holmes.
GYNNO,To begin. See Gin. [Obs.]
GYNOBASE,A dilated base or receptacle, supporting a multilocular ovary.
GYNOBASIC,Pertaining to, or having, a gynobase.
GYNOCRACY,Female government; gynecocracy.The aforesaid state has repeatedly changed
from absolute despotism torepublicanism, not forgetting the intermediate stages of
oligarchy,limited monarchy, and even gynocracy; for I myself remember
Alsatiagoverned for nearly nine months by an old fishwoman. Sir H. Scott.
GYNODIOECIOUS,Dioecious, but having some hermaphrodite or perfect flowers onan
individual plant which bears mostly pistillate flowers.
GYNOECIUM,The pistils of a flower, taken collectively. See Illust. ofCarpophore.
GYNOPHORE,The pedicel raising the pistil or ovary above the stamens, asin the
passion flower. Lindley.
GYP,A college servant; -- so called in Cambridge, England; atOxford called a scout.
[Cant]
GYPSE,See Gypsum. [Obs.] Pococke.
GYPSEOUS,Resembling or containing gypsum; partaking of the qualities ofgypsum.
GYPSEY,A gypsy. See Gypsy.
GYPSIFEROUS,Containing gypsum.
GYPSINE,Gypseous. [R.] Chambers.
GYPSOGRAPHY,The act or art of engraving on gypsum.
GYPSOPLAST,A cast taken in plaster of Paris, or in white lime.
GYPSUM,A mineral consisting of the hydrous sulphate of lime (calcium).When
calcined, it forms plaster of Paris. Selenite is a transparent,crystalline variety;
alabaster, a fine, white, massive variety.
GYPSY,Pertaining to, or suitable for, gypsies. Gypsy hat, a woman'sor child's
broad-brimmed hat, usually of straw or felt.-- Gypsy winch, a small winch, which
may be operated by a crank, orby a ratchet and pawl through a lever working up and
down.
GYPSYISM,A tussock moth (Ocneria dispar) native of the Old World, butaccidentally
introduced into eastern Massachusetts about 1869, whereits caterpillars have done
great damage to fruit, shade, and foresttrees of many kinds. The male gypsy moth is
yellowish brown, thefemale white, and larger than the male. In both sexes the wings
aremarked by dark lines and a dark lunule. The caterpillars, when full-grown, have
a grayish mottled appearance, with blue tubercles on theanterior and red tubercles
on the posterior part of the body, allgiving rise to long yellow and black hairs.
They usually pupate inJuly and the moth appears in August. The eggs are laid on
treetrunks, rocks, etc., and hatch in the spring.
GYPSYWORT,A labiate plant (the Lycopus Europæus). Gypsies are said tostain their
skin with its juice.
GYRACANTHUS,A genus of fossil fishes, found in Devonian and carboniferousstrata; --
so named from their round, sculptured spines.
GYRAL,Pertaining to a gyrus, or convolution.
GYRANT,Gyrating. [R.]
GYRATE,Winding or coiled round; curved into a circle; taking acircular course.
GYRATION,One of the whorls of a spiral univalve shell. Center ofgyration. (Mech.)
See under Center.-- Radius of gyration the distance between the axis of a
rotatingbody and its center of gyration. Rankine.
GYRATORY,Moving in a circle, or spirally; revolving; whirling around.
GYRE,A circular motion, or a circle described by a moving body; aturn or
revolution; a circuit.Quick and more quick he spins in giddy gyres. Dryden.Still
expanding and ascending gyres. Mrs. Browning.
GYREFUL,Abounding in gyres. [Obs.]
GYRENCEPHALA,The higher orders of Mammalia, in which the cerebrum isconvoluted.--
Gyr"en*ceph"a*lous, a.
GYRFALCON,One of several species and varieties of large Arctic falcons,esp. Falco
rusticolus and the white species F. Islandicus, both ofwhich are circumpolar. The
black and the gray are varieties of theformer. See Illust. of Accipiter. [Written
also gerfalcon,gierfalcon, and jerfalcon.]
GYRI,See Gyrus.
GYRLAND,To garland. [Obs.]
GYRODUS,A genus of extinct oölitic fishes, having rounded teeth inseveral rows
adapted for crushing.
GYROGONITE,The petrified fruit of the Chara hispida, a species ofstonewort. See
Stonewort. Lyell.
GYROIDAL,Having the planes arranged spirally, so that they incline allto the right
(or left) of a vertical line; -- said of certainhemihedral forms.
GYROLEPIS,A genus of ganoid fishes, found in strata of the new redsandetone, and
the lias bone beds. Agassiz.
GYROMA,A turning round. [R.]
GYROMANCY,A kind of divination performed by drawing a ring or circle, andwalking in
or around it. Brande & C.
GYRON,A subordinary of triangular form having one of its angles atthe fess point
and the opposite aide at the edge of the escutcheon.When there is only one gyron on
the shield it is bounded by two lineadrawn from the fess point, one horizontally to
the dexter side, andone to the dexter chief corner.
GYRONNY,Covered with gyrons, or divided so as to form several gyrons; -- said of an
escutcheon.
GYROSCOPIC,Pertaining to the gyroscope; resembling the motion of thegyroscope.
GYROSE,Turned round like a crook, or bent to and fro. Loudon.
GYROSTAT,A modification of the gyroscope, consisting essentially of afly wheel
fixed inside a rigid case to which is attached a thinflange of metal for supporting
the instrument. It is used in studyingthe dynamics of rotating bodies.
GYROSTATIC,Of or pertaining to the gyrostat or to gyrostatics.
GYROSTATICS,The doctrine or theory of the gyrostat, or of the phenomena ofrotating
bodies.
GYRUS,A convoluted ridge between grooves; a convolution; as, the gyriof the brain;
the gyri of brain coral. See Brain.
GYSE,Guise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
GYTE,Delirious; senselessly extravagant; as, the man is clean gyte.[Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.
GYVE,A shackle; especially, one to confine the legs; a fetter.[Written also
give.]Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves. Shak.With gyves upon his wrist.
Hood.
H,the eighth letter of the English alphabet, is classed among theconsonants, and is
formed with the mouth organs in the same positionas that of the succeeding vowel.
It is used with certain consonantsto form digraphs representing sounds which are
not found in thealphabet, as sh, th, th, as in shall, thing, thine (for zh see
§274);also, to modify the sounds of some other letters, as when placedafter c and
p, with the former of which it represents a compoundsound like that of tsh, as in
charm (written also tch as in catch),with the latter, the sound of f, as in phase,
phantom. In some words,mostly derived or introduced from foreign languages, h
following cand g indicates that those consonants have the hard sound before e,i,
and y, as in chemistry, chiromancy, chyle, Ghent, Ghibelline,etc.; in some others,
ch has the sound of sh, as in chicane. SeeGuide to Pronunciation, §§ 153, 179, 181-
3, 237-8.
HA,An exclamation denoting surprise, joy, or grief. Both asuttered and as written,
it expresses a great variety of emotions,determined by the tone or the context.
When repeated, ha, ha, it isan expression of laughter, satisfaction, or triumph,
sometimes ofderisive laughter; or sometimes it is equivalent to "Well, it is
so."Ha-has, and inarticulate hootings of satirical rebuke. Carlyle.
HA-HA,A sunk fence; a fence, wall, or ditch, not visible till one isclose upon it.
[Written also haw-haw.]
HAAF,The deepsea fishing for cod, ling, and tusk, off the ShetlandIsles.
HAAK,A sea fish. See Hake. Ash.
HAAR,A fog; esp., a fog or mist with a chill wind. [Scot.] T.Chalmers.
HABEAS CORPUS,A writ having for its object to bring a party before a court orjudge;
especially, one to inquire into the cause of a person'simprisonment or detention by
another, with the view to protect theright to personal liberty; also, one to bring
a prisoner into courtto testify in a pending trial. Bouvier.
HABENDUM,That part of a deed which follows the part called the premises,and
determines the extent of the interest or estate granted; -- socalled because it
begins with the word Habendum. Kent.
HABERDASH,To deal in small wares. [R.]To haberdash in earth's base ware. Quarles.
HABERDASHERY,The goods and wares sold by a haberdasher; also (Fig.),trifles. Burke.
HABERDINE,A cod salted and dried. Ainsworth.
HABERGEON,Properly, a short hauberk, but often used loosely for thehauberk.
Chaucer.
HABILATORY,Of or pertaining to clothing; wearing clothes. Ld. Lytton.
HABILE,Fit; qualified; also, apt. [Obs.] Spenser.
HABILIMENT,Dress, in general. Shak.
HABILIMENTED,Clothed. Taylor (1630).
HABILITATE,Qualified or entitled. [Obs.] Bacon.
HABILITATION,Equipment; qualification. [Obs.] Bacon.
HABILITY,Ability; aptitude. [Obs.] Robynson. (More's Utopia).
HABIT,The general appearance and manner of life of a living organism.
HABITABILITY,Habitableness.
HABITABLE,Capable of being inhabited; that may be inhabited or dwelt in;as, the
habitable world.-- Hab"it*a*ble*ness, n.-- Hab"it*a*bly, adv.
HABITAN,Same as Habitant, 2.General met an emissary . . . sent . . . to ascertain
the feelings ofthe habitans or French yeomanry. W. Irwing.
HABITANCE,Dwelling; abode; residence. [Obs.] Spenser.
HABITANCY,Same as Inhabitancy.
HABITANT,An inhabitant or resident; -- a name applied to and denotingfarmers of
French descent or origin in Canada, especially in theProvince of Quebec; -- usually
in plural.The habitants or cultivators of the soil. Parkman.
HABITAT,The natural abode, locality or region of an animal or plant.
HABITATOR,A dweller; an inhabitant. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
HABITUATE,Firmly established by custom; formed by habit; habitual. [R.]Hammond.
HABITUATION,The act of habituating, or accustoming; the state of beinghabituated.
HABITUE,One who habitually frequents a place; as, an habitué of atheater.
HABITURE,Habitude. [Obs.]
HABITUS,Habitude; mode of life; general appearance.
HABLE,See Habile. [Obs.] Spenser.
HABNAB,By chance. [Obs.]
HACHURE,A short line used in drawing and engraving, especially inshading and
denoting different surfaces, as in map drawing. SeeHatching.
HACIENDA,A large estate where work of any kind is done, as
agriculture,manufacturing, mining, or raising of animals; a cultivated farm, witha
good house, in distinction from a farming establishment with rudehuts for herdsmen,
etc.; -- a word used in Spanish-American regions.1.
HACK,To cough faintly and frequently, or in a short, broken manner;as, a hacking
cough.
HACKAMORE,A halter consisting of a long leather or rope strap andheadstall, -- used
for leading or tieing a pack animal. [WesternU.S.]
HACKBERRY,A genus of trees (Celtis) related to the elm, but bearingdrupes with
scanty, but often edible, pulp. C. occidentalis is commonin the Eastern United
States. Gray.
HACKBOLT,The greater shearwater or hagdon. See Hagdon.
HACKBUSS,Same as Hagbut.
HACKEE,The chipmunk; also, the chickaree or red squirrel. [U.S.]
HACKER,One who, or that which, hacks. Specifically: A cuttinginstrument for making
notches; esp., one used for notching pine treesin collecting turpentine; a hack.
HACKERY,A cart with wooden wheels, drawn by bullocks. [Bengal] Malcom.
HACKLY,Having fine, short, and sharp points on the surface; as, thehackly fracture
of metallic iron.
HACKMAN,The driver of a hack or carriage for public hire.
HACKMATACK,The American larch (Larix Americana), a coniferous tree withslender
deciduous leaves; also, its heavy, close-grained timber.Called also tamarack.
HACKNEY,Let out for hire; devoted to common use; hence, much used;trite; mean; as,
hackney coaches; hackney authors. "Hackney tongue."Roscommon.
HACKNEYMAN,A man who lets horses and carriages for hire.
HACKSTER,A bully; a bravo; a ruffian; an assassin. [Obs.] Milton.
HACQUETON,Same as Acton. [Obs.]
HAD,See Have. Had as lief, Had rather, Had better, Had as soon,etc., with a
nominative and followed by the infinitive without to,are well established idiomatic
forms. The original construction wasthat of the dative with forms of be, followed
by the infinitive. SeeHad better, under Better.And lever me is be pore and trewe.
[And more agreeable to me it is tobe poor and true.] C. Mundi (Trans. ).Him had
been lever to be syke. [To him it had been preferable to besick.] Fabian.For him
was lever have at his bed's head Twenty bookes, clad in blackor red, . . . Than
robes rich, or fithel, or gay sawtrie. Chaucer.
HADDER,Heather; heath. [Obs.] Burton.
HADDIE,The haddock. [Scot.]
HADDOCK,A marine food fish (Melanogrammus æglefinus), allied to thecod, inhabiting
the northern coasts of Europe and America. It has adark lateral line and a black
spot on each side of the body, justback of the gills. Galled also haddie, and
dickie. Norway haddock, amarine edible fish (Sebastes marinus) of Northern Europe
and America.See Rose fish.
HADE,The inclination or deviation from the vertical of any mineralvein.
HADES,The nether world (according to classical mythology, the abodeof the shades,
ruled over by Hades or Pluto); the invisible world;the grave.And death and Hades
gave up the dead which were in them. Rev. xx. 13(Rev. Ver. ).Neither was he left in
Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. Actsii. 31 (Rev. Ver.).And in Hades he
lifted up his eyes, being in torments. Luke xvi.23(Rev. Ver.).
HADJ,The pilgrimage to Mecca, performed by Mohammedans.
HADROSAURUS,An American herbivorous dinosaur of great size, allied to theiguanodon.
It is found in the Cretaceous formation.
HAECCEITY,Literally, this-ness. A scholastic term to expressindividuality or
singleness; as, this book.
HAEMACHROME,Hematin.
HAEMACYANIN,A substance found in the blood of the octopus, which gives toit its
blue color.
HAEMACYTOMETER,An apparatus for determining the number of corpuscles in agiven
quantity of blood.
HAEMAD,Toward the hæmal side; on the hæmal side of; -- opposed toneurad.
HAEMADROMOGRAPH,An instrument for registering the velocity of the blood.
HAEMADYNAMICS,Same as Hemadynamics.
HAEMAL,Pertaining to the blood or blood vessels; also, ventral. SeeHemal.
HAEMAPHAEIN,A brownish substance sometimes found in the blood, in cases ofjaundice.
HAEMAPOD,An hæmapodous animal. G. Rolleston.
HAEMAPODOUS,Having the limbs on, or directed toward, the ventral or hemalside, as
in vertebrates; -- opposed to neuropodous.
HAEMAPOIETIC,Bloodforming; as, the hæmapoietic function of the spleen.
HAEMAPOPHYSIS,Same as Hemapophysis.-- Hæm`a*po*phys"i*al, a.
HAEMASTATICS,Same as Hemastatics.
HAEMATACHOMETER,A form of apparatus (somewhat different from the hemadrometer)for
measuring the velocity of the blood.
HAEMATACHOMETRY,The measurement of the velocity of the blood.
HAEMATEMESIS,Same as Hematemesis.
HAEMATIC,Of or pertaining to the blood; sanguine; brownish red. Hæmaticacid
(Physiol.), a hypothetical acid, supposed to be formed fromhemoglobin during its
oxidation in the lungs, and to have the powerof freeing carbonic acid from the
sodium carbonate of the serum.Thudichum.
HAEMATIN,Same as Hematin.
HAEMATINOMETER,Same as Hematinometer.
HAEMATINOMETRIC,Same as Hematinometric.
HAEMATITE,Same as Hematite.
HAEMATITIC,Of a blood-red color; crimson; (Bot.) brownish red.
HAEMATO-,See Hæma-.
HAEMATOBLAST,One of the very minute, disk-shaped bodies found in blood withthe
ordinary red corpuscles and white corpuscles; a third kind ofblood corpuscle,
supposed by some to be an early stage in thedevelopment of the red corpuscles; --
called also blood plaque, andblood plate.
HAEMATOCRYA,The cold-blooded vertebrates. Same as Hematocrya.
HAEMATOCRYAL,Cold-blooded.
HAEMATOCRYSTALLIN,Same as Hematocrystallin.
HAEMATODYNAMOMETER,Same as Hemadynamometer.
HAEMATOGENIC,Relating to hæmatogenesis.
HAEMATOGENOUS,Originating in the blood.
HAEMATOGLOBULIN,Same as Hematoglobin.
HAEMATOID,Same as Hematoid.
HAEMATOIDIN,Same as Hematoidin.
HAEMATOIN,A substance formed from the hematin of blood, by removal of theiron
through the action of concentrated sulphuric acid. Two likebodies, called
respectively hæmatoporphyrin and hæmatolin, are formedin a similar manner.
HAEMATOLIN,See Hæmatoin.
HAEMATOLOGY,The science which treats of the blood. Same as Hematology.
HAEMATOLYSIS,Dissolution of the red blood corpuscles with diminishedcoagulability
of the blood; hæmolysis. -- Hæm`a*to*lyt"ic (#), a.
HAEMATOPHILINA,A division of Cheiroptera, including the bloodsucking bats.
SeeVampire.
HAEMATOPLAST,Same as Hæmatoblast.
HAEMATOPLASTIC,Blood formative; -- applied to a substance in early fetal life,which
breaks up gradually into blood vessels.
HAEMATOPORPHYRIN,See Hæmatoin.
HAEMATOSAC,A vascular sac connected, beneath the brain, in many fishes,with the
infundibulum.
HAEMATOSCOPE,A hæmoscope.
HAEMATOSIN,Hematin. [R.]
HAEMATOSIS,Same as Hematosis.
HAEMATOTHERMA,Same as Hematotherma.
HAEMATOTHERMAL,Warm-blooded; homoiothermal.
HAEMATOTHORAX,Same as Hemothorax.
HAEMATOXYLIN,The coloring principle of logwood. It is obtained as a
yellowcrystalline substance, C16H14O6, with a sweetish taste. Formerlycalled also
hematin.
HAEMATOXYLON,A genus of leguminous plants containing but a single species,the H.
Campechianum or logwood tree, native in Yucatan.
HAEMIC,,
HAEMIN,Same as Hemin.
HAEMO-,See Hæma-.
HAEMOCHROME,Same as Hæmachrome.
HAEMOCHROMOGEN,A body obtained from hemoglobin, by the action of reducingagents in
the absence of oxygen.
HAEMOCHROMOMETER,An apparatus for measuring the amount of hemoglobin in a fluid,by
comparing it with a solution of known strength and of normalcolor.
HAEMOCYANIN,Same as Hæmacyanin.
HAEMOCYTOLYSIS,See Hæmocytotrypsis.
HAEMOCYTOMETER,See Hæmacytometer.
HAEMOCYTOTRYPSIS,A breaking up of the blood corpuscles, as by pressure,
indistinction from solution of the corpuscles, or hæmcytolysis.
HAEMODROMOGRAPH,Same as Hæmadromograph.
HAEMODROMOMETER,Same as Hemadrometer.
HAEMODYNAMETER,Same as Hemadynamics.
HAEMODYNAMICS,Same as Hemadynamics.
HAEMOGLOBIN,Same as Hemoglobin.
HAEMOGLOBINOMETER,Same as Hemochromometer.
HAEMOL,A dark brown powder containing iron, prepared by the action ofzinc dust as a
reducing agent upon the coloring matter of the blood,used medicinally as a
hematinic.
HAEMOLUTEIN,See Hematoidin.
HAEMOMANOMETER,Same as Hemadynamometer.
HAEMOMETER,Same as Hemadynamometer.
HAEMONY,A plant described by Milton as "of sovereign use against allenchantments."
HAEMOPLASTIC,Same as Hæmatoplastic.
HAEMORRHOIDAL,Same as Hemorrhoidal.
HAEMOSCOPE,An instrument devised by Hermann, for regulating and measuringthe
thickness of a layer of blood for spectroscopic examination.
HAEMOSTATIC,Same Hemostatic.
HAEMOTACHOMETER,Same as Hæmatachometer.
HAEMOTACHOMETRY,Same as Hæmatachometry.
HAF,Hove. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HAFFLE,To stammer; to speak unintelligibly; to prevaricate.[Prov.Eng.] Halliwell.
HAFT,To set in, or furnish with, a haft; as, to haft a dagger.
HAFTER,A caviler; a wrangler. [Obs.] Baret.
HAG,An eel-like marine marsipobranch (Myxine glutinosa), allied tothe lamprey. It
has a suctorial mouth, with labial appendages, and asingle pair of gill openings.
It is the type of the orderHyperotpeta. Called also hagfish, borer, slime eel,
sucker, andsleepmarken.
HAG-RIDDEN,Ridden by a hag or witch; hence, afflicted with nightmare.Beattie.
Cheyne.
HAG-TAPER,The great woolly mullein (Verbascum Thapsus).
HAGBERRY,A plant of the genus Prunus (P. Padus); the bird cherry.[Scot.]
HAGBORN,Born of a hag or witch. Shak.
HAGBUT,A harquebus, of which the but was bent down or hooked forconvenience in
taking aim. [Written also haguebut and hackbuss.]
HAGBUTTER,A soldier armed with a hagbut or arquebus. [Written alsohackbutter.]
Froude.
HAGDON,One of several species of sea birds of the genus Puffinus;esp., P. major,
the greater shearwarter, and P. Stricklandi, theblack hagdon or sooty shearwater;
-- called also hagdown, haglin, andhag. See Shearwater.
HAGFISH,See Hag, 4.
HAGGADA,A story, anecdote, or legend in the Talmud, to explain orillustrate the
text of the Old Testament. [Written also hadaga.]
HAGGARD,Having the expression of one wasted by want or suffering;hollow-eyed;
having the features distorted or wasted, or anxious inappearance; as, haggard
features, eyes.Staring his eyes, and haggard was his look. Dryden.
HAGGARDLY,In a haggard manner. Dryden.
HAGGED,Like a hag; lean; ugly. [R.]
HAGGIS,A Scotch pudding made of the heart, liver, lights, etc., of asheep or lamb,
minced with suet, onions, oatmeal, etc., highlyseasoned, and boiled in the stomach
of the same animal; minced headand pluck. [Written also haggiss, haggess, and
haggies.]
HAGGISH,Like a hag; ugly; wrinkled.But on both did haggish age steal on. Shak.
HAGGISHLY,In the manner of a hag.
HAGGLE,To cut roughly or hack; to cut into small pieces; to notch orcut in an
unskillful manner; to make rough or mangle by cutting; as,a boy haggles a stick of
wood.Suffolk first died, and York, all haggled o'er, Comes to him, wherein gore he
lay insteeped. Shak.
HAGIARCHY,A sacred government; by holy orders of men. Southey.
HAGIOCRACY,Government by a priesthood; hierarchy.
HAGIOGRAPHA,The lives of the saints. Brande & C.
HAGIOGRAPHAL,, Pertaining to the hagiographa, or to sacred writings.
HAGIOGRAPHER,One of the writers of the hagiographa; a writer of lives of thesaints.
Shipley.
HAGIOGRAPHY,Same Hagiographa.
HAGIOLATRY,The invocation or worship of saints.
HAGIOLOGIST,One who treats of the sacred writings; a writer of the lives ofthe
saints; a hagiographer. Tylor.Hagiologists have related it without scruple.
Southey.
HAGIOLOGY,The history or description of the sacred writings or of sacredpersons; a
narrative of the lives of the saints; a catalogue ofsaints. J. H. Newman.
HAGIOSCOPE,An opening made in the interior walls of a cruciform church toafford a
view of the altar to those in the transepts; -- called, inarchitecture, a squint.
Hook.
HAGSEED,The offspring of a hag. Shak.
HAGSHIP,The state or title of a hag. Middleton.
HAGUE TRIBUNAL,The permanent court of arbitration created by the"International
Convention for the Pacific Settle of InternationalDisputes.", adopted by the
International Peace Conference of 1899. Itis composed of persons of known
competency in questions ofinternational law, nominated by the signatory powers.
From thesepersons an arbitration tribunal is chosen by the parties to adifference
submitted to the court. On the failure of the parties toagree directly on the
arbitrators, each chooses two arbitrators, anumpire is selected by them, by a third
power, or by two powersselected by the parties.
HAGUEBUT,See Hagbut.
HAH,Same as Ha.
HAIDINGERITE,A mineral consisting of the arseniate of lime; -- so named inhonor of
W. Haidinger, of Vienna.
HAIDUCK,Formerly, a mercenary foot soldier in Hungary, now, ahalberdier of a
Hungarian noble, or an attendant in German orHungarian courts. [Written also
hayduck, heiduc, heiduck, andheyduk.]
HAIK,A large piece of woolen or cotton cloth worn by Arabs as anouter garment.
[Written also hyke.] Heyse.
HAIKAL,The central chapel of the three forming the sanctuary of aCoptic church. It
contains the high altar, and is usually closed byan embroidered curtain.
HAIKWAN TAEL,A Chinese weight ( 1/10 catty) equivalent to 1 1/3 oz. or37.801 g.
HAIKWAN,Chinese maritime customs.
HAIL,Small roundish masses of ice precipitated from the clouds,where they are
formed by the congelation of vapor. The separatemasses or grains are called
hailstones.Thunder mixed with hail, Hail mixed with fire, must rend the
Egyptiansky. Milton.
HAIL-FELLOW,An intimate companion.Hail-fellow well met. Lyly.
HAILSE,To greet; to salute. [Obs.] P. Plowman.
HAILSHOT,Small shot which scatter like hailstones. [Obs.] Hayward.
HAILSTONE,A single particle of ice falling from a cloud; a frozenraindrop; a pellet
of hail.
HAILSTORM,A storm accompanied with hail; a shower of hail.
HAILY,Of hail. "Haily showers." Pope.
HAIN,To inclose for mowing; to set aside for grass. "A ground . . .hained in."
Holland.
HAIR GRASS,A grass with very slender leaves or branches; as the Agrostisscabra, and
several species of Aira or Deschampsia.
HAIR,A slender outgrowth from the chitinous cuticle of insects,spiders,
crustaceans, and other invertebrates. Such hairs are totallyunlike those of
vertebrates in structure, composition, and mode ofgrowth.
HAIR-BROWN,Of a clear tint of brown, resembling brown human hair. It iscomposed of
equal proportions of red and green.
HAIR-SALT,A variety of native Epsom salt occurring in silky fibers.
HAIRBELL,See Harebell.
HAIRBIRD,The chipping sparrow.
HAIRBRAINED,See Harebrained.
HAIRBREADTH,Having the breadth of a hair; very narrow; as, a hairbreadthescape.
HAIRBRUSH,A brush for cleansing and smoothing the hair.
HAIRCLOTH,Stuff or cloth made wholly or in part of hair.
HAIRDRESSER,One who dresses or cuts hair; a barber.
HAIREN,Hairy. [Obc.]His hairen shirt and his ascetic diet. J. Taylor.
HAIRINESS,The state of abounding, or being covered, with hair. Johnson.
HAIRLESS,Destitute of hair. Shak.
HAIRPIN,A pin, usually forked, or of bent wire, for fastening the hairin place, --
used by women.
HAIRSPLITTER,One who makes excessively nice or needless distinctions inreasoning;
one who quibbles. "The caviling hairsplitter." De Quincey.
HAIRSPLITTING,Making excessively nice or trivial distinctions in
reasoning;subtle.-- n.
HAIRSPRING,The slender recoil spring which regulates the motion of thebalance in a
timepiece.
HAIRSTREAK,A butterfly of the genus Thecla; as, the green hairstreak (T.rubi).
HAIRTAIL,Any species of marine fishes of the genus Trichiurus; esp., T.lepterus of
Europe and America. They are long and like a band, with aslender, pointed tail.
Called also bladefish.
HAIRWORM,A nematoid worm of the genus Gordius, resembling a hair. SeeGordius.
HAIRY,Bearing or covered with hair; made of or resembling hair; roughwith hair;
rough with hair; rough with hair; hirsute.His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge.
Milton.
HAITIAN,See Haytian.
HAJE,The Egyptian asp or cobra (Naja haje.) It is related to thecobra of India, and
like the latter has the power of inflating itsneck into a hood. Its bite is very
venomous. It is supposed to be thesnake by means of whose bite Cleopatra committed
suicide, and henceis sometimes called Cleopatra's snake or asp. See Asp.
HAKE,A drying shed, as for unburned tile.
HAKETON,Same as Acton. [Obs.]
HAKIM,A wise man; a physician, esp. a Mohammedan. [India]
HALACHA,The general term for the Hebrew oral or traditional law; one oftwo branches
of exposition in the Midrash. See Midrash.
HALATION,An appearance as of a halo of light, surround the edges of darkobject
HALBERD,An ancient long-handled weapon, of which the head had a pointand several
long, sharp edges, curved or straight, and sometimesadditional points. The heads
were sometimes of very elaborate form.[Written also halbert.]
HALBERD-SHAPED,Hastate.
HALBERDIER,One who is armed with a halberd. Strype.
HALCYON,A kingfisher. By modern ornithologists restricted to a genusincluding a
limited number of species having omnivorous habits, asthe sacred kingfisher
(Halcyon sancta) of Australia.Amidst our arms as quiet you shall be As halcyons
brooding on awinter sea. Dryden.
HALCYONIAN,Halcyon; calm.
HALCYONOID,See Alcyonoid.
HALE,Sound; entire; healthy; robust; not impaired; as, a hale body.Last year we
thought him strong and hale. Swift.
HALESIA,A genus of American shrubs containing several species, calledsnowdrop
trees, or silver-bell trees. They have showy, white flowers,drooping on slender
pedicels.
HALF NELSON,A hold in which one arm is thrust under the corresponding armof the
opponent, generally behind, and the hand placed upon the backof his neck. In the
full nelson both hands are so placed.
HALF SEAS OVER,Half drunk. [Slang: used only predicatively.] Spectator.
HALF,In an equal part or degree; in some paas, half-colored, halfdone, half-
hearted, half persuaded, half conscious. "Half loth andhalf consenting."
Dryden.Their children spoke halfin the speech of Ashdod. Neh. xiii. 24
HALF-AND-HALF,A mixture of two malt liquors, esp. porter and ale, in aboutequal
parts. Dickens.
HALF-BOOT,A boot with a short top covering only the ankle. See Cocker,and Congress
boot, under Congress.
HALF-BOUND,Having only the back and corners in leather, as a book.
HALF-BREED,Half-blooded.
HALF-BROTHER,A brother by one parent, but not by both.
HALF-CASTE,One born of a European parent on the one side, and of a Hindooor
Mohammedan on the other. Also adjective; as, half-caste parents.
HALF-CLAMMED,Half-filled. [Obs.]Lions' half-clammed entrails roar food. Marston.
HALF-CRACKED,Half-demented; half-witted. [Colloq.]
HALF-DECK,A shell of the genus Crepidula; a boat shell. See Boat shell.
HALF-DECKED,Partially decked.The half-decked craft . . . used by the latter
Vikings. Elton.
HALF-FACED,Showing only part of the face; wretched looking; meager. Shak.
HALF-FISH,A salmon in its fifth year of growth. [Prov. Eng.]
HALF-HATCHED,Imperfectly hatched; as, half-hatched eggs. Gay.
HALF-HEARD,Imperfectly or partly heard to the end.And leave half-heard the
melancholy tale. Pope.
HALF-HOURLY,Done or happening at intervals of half an hour.
HALF-LEARNED,Imperfectly learned.
HALF-LENGTH,Of half the whole or ordinary length, as a picture.
HALF-MAST,A point some distance below the top of a mast or staff; as, aflag a half-
mast (a token of mourning, etc.).
HALF-MOON,An outwork composed of two faces, forming a salient angle whosegorge
resembles a half-moon; -- now called a ravelin.
HALF-PENNY,An English coin of the value of half a penny; also, the valueof half a
penny.
HALF-PIKE,A short pike, sometimes carried by officers of infantry,sometimes used in
boarding ships; a spontoon. Tatler.
HALF-PORT,One half of a shutter made in two parts for closing a porthole.
HALF-RAY,A straight line considered as drawn from a center to anindefinite distance
in one direction, the complete ray being thewhole line drawn to an indefinite
distance in both directions.
HALF-READ,Informed by insufficient reading; superficial; shallow. Dryden.
HALF-SIGHTED,Seeing imperfectly; having weak discernment. Bacon.
HALF-SISTER,A sister by one parent only.
HALF-STRAINED,Half-bred; imperfect. [R.] "A half-strained villain." Dryden.
HALF-SWORD,Half the length of a sword; close fight. "At half-sword." Shak.
HALF-TIMBERED,Constructed of a timber frame, having the spaces filled in
withmasonry; -- said of buildings.
HALF-TONE,Having, consisting of, or pertaining to, half tones; specif.(Photo-
engraving),
HALF-TONGUE,A jury, for the trial of a fore foreigner, composed equally ofcitizens
and aliens.
HALF-WIT,A foolish; a dolt; a blockhead; a dunce. Dryden.
HALF-WITTED,Weak in intellect; silly.
HALF-YEARLY,Two in a year; semiannual.-- adv. Twice in a year; semiannually.
HALFBEAK,Any slender, marine fish of the genus Hemirhamphus, having theupper jaw
much shorter than the lower; -- called also balahoo.
HALFCOCK,To set the cock of (a firearm) at the first notch. To go offhalfcocked.
(a) To be discharged prematurely, or with the trigger athalf cock; -- said of a
firearm. (b) To do or say something withoutdue thought or care. [Colloq. or Low]
HALFEN,Wanting half its due qualities. [Obs.] Spencer.
HALFENDEAL,Half; by the part. [Obs.] Chaucer.-- n.
HALFNESS,The quality of being half; incompleteness. [R.]As soon as there is any
departure from simplicity, and attempt athalfness, or good for me that is not good
for him, my neighbor feelsthe wrong. Emerson.
HALFPACE,A platform of a staircase where the stair turns back in exactlythe reverse
direction of the lower flight. See Quarterpace.
HALFWAY,In the middle; at half the distance; imperfectly; partially;as, he halfway
yielded.Temples proud to meet their gods halfway. Young.
HALIBUT,A large, northern, marine flatfish (Hippoglossus vulgaris), ofthe family
Pleuronectidæ. It often grows very large, weighing morethan three hundred pounds.
It is an important food fish. [Writtenalso holibut.]
HALICHONDRIAE,An order of sponges, having simple siliceous spicules andkeratose
fibers; -- called also Keratosilicoidea.
HALICORE,Same as Dugong.
HALIEUTICS,A treatise upon fish or the art of fishing; ichthyology.
HALIOGRAPHER,One who writes about or describes the sea.
HALIOGRAPHY,Description of the sea; the science that treats of the sea.
HALIOTIS,A genus of marine shells; the ear-shells. See Abalone.
HALIOTOID,Like or pertaining to the genus Haliotis; ear-shaped.
HALISAURIA,The Enaliosauria.
HALITE,Native salt; sodium chloride.
HALITUOUS,Produced by, or like, breath; vaporous. Boyle.
HALK,A nook; a corner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HALL-MARK,The official stamp of the Goldsmiths' Company and other assayoffices, in
the United Kingdom, on gold and silver articles,attesting their purity. Also used
figuratively; -- as, a word orphrase lacks the hall-mark of the best writers.
HALLAGE,A fee or toll paid for goods sold in a hall.
HALLELUJATIC,Pertaining to, or containing, hallelujahs. [R.]
HALLIARD,See Halyard.
HALLIDOME,Same as Halidom.
HALLIER,A kind of net for catching birds.
HALLOA,See Halloo.
HALLOO,A loud exclamation; a call to invite attention or to incite aperson or an
animal; a shout.List! List! I hear Some far off halloo break the silent air.
Milton.
HALLOW,To make holy; to set apart for holy or religious use; toconsecrate; to treat
or keep as sacred; to reverence. "Hallowed bethy name." Matt. vi. 9.Hallow the
Sabbath day, to do no work therein. Jer. xvii. 24.His secret altar touched with
hallowed fire. Milton.In a larger sense . . . we can not hallow this ground
[Gettysburg].A. Lincoln.
HALLOWEEN,The evening preceding Allhallows or All Saints' Day. [Scot.]Burns.
HALLOWMAS,The feast of All Saints, or Allhallows.To speak puling, like a beggar at
Hallowmas. Shak.
HALLOYSITE,A claylike mineral, occurring in soft, smooth, amorphousmasses, of a
whitish color.
HALLUCAL,Of or pertaining to the hallux.
HALLUCINATE,To wander; to go astray; to err; to blunder; -- used of
mentalprocesses. [R.] Byron.
HALLUCINATION,The perception of objects which have no reality, or ofsensations
which have no corresponding external cause, arising fromdisorder or the nervous
system, as in delirium tremens; delusion.Hallucinations are always evidence of
cerebral derangement and arecommon phenomena of insanity. W. A. Hammond.
HALLUCINATOR,One whose judgment and acts are affected by hallucinations; onewho
errs on account of his hallucinations. N. Brit. Rev.
HALLUCINATORY,Partaking of, or tending to produce, hallucination.
HALLUX,The first, or preaxial, digit of the hind limb, correspondingto the pollux
in the fore limb; the great toe; the hind toe of birds.
HALM,Same as Haulm.
HALMA,The long jump, with weights in the hands, -- the most importantof the
exercises of the Pentathlon.
HALO,To form, or surround with, a halo; to encircle with, or aswith, a halo.The
fire That haloed round his saintly brow. Sothey.
HALOED,Surrounded with a halo; invested with an ideal glory;glorified.Some haloed
face bending over me. C. Bronté.
HALOGEN,An electro-negative element or radical, which, by combinationwith a metal,
forms a haloid salt; especially, chlorine, bromine, andiodine; sometimes, also,
fluorine and cyanogen. See Chlorine family,under Chlorine.
HALOGENOUS,Of the nature of a halogen.
HALOID,Resembling salt; -- said of certain binary compounds consistingof a metal
united to a negative element or radical, and now chieflyapplied to the chlorides,
bromides, iodides, and sometimes also tothe fluorides and cyanides.-- n.
HALOMANCY,See Alomancy.
HALOMETER,An instrument for measuring the forms and angles of salts andcrystals; a
goniometer.
HALONES,Alternating transparent and opaque white rings which are seenoutside the
blastoderm, on the surface of the developing egg of thehen and other birds.
HALOPHYTE,A plant found growing in salt marshes, or in the sea.
HALOSCOPE,An instrument for exhibition or illustration of the phenomenaof halos,
parhelia, and the like.
HALOTRICHITE,An iron alum occurring in silky fibrous aggregates of ayellowish white
color.
HALOXYLINE,An explosive mixture, consisting of sawdust, charcoal, niter,and
ferrocyanide of potassium, used as a substitute for gunpowder.
HALP,Helped. [Obs.]
HALPACE,See Haut pas.
HALS,The neck or throat. [Obs.]Do me hangen by the hals. Chaucer.
HALSE,To haul; to hoist. [Obs.]
HALSENING,Sounding harshly in the throat; inharmonious; rough. [Obs.]Carew.
HALSER,See Hawser. Pope.
HALT,3d pers. sing. pres. of Hold, contraction for holdeth. [Obs.]Chaucer.
HALTER,One who halts or limps
HALTER-SACK,A term of reproach, implying that one is fit to be hanged.[Obs.] Beau.
& Fl.
HALTERES,Balancers; the rudimentary hind wings of Diptera.
HALTINGLY,In a halting or limping manner.
HALVANS,Impure ore; dirty ore.
HALVE,A half. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HALVED,Appearing as if one side, or one half, were cut away;dimidiate.
HALVES,pl. of Half. By halves, by one half at once; halfway;fragmentarily;
partially; incompletely.I can not believe by halves; either I have faith, or I have
it not.J. H. Newman.To go halves. See under Go.
HALWE,A saint. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HALYSITES,A genus of Silurian fossil corals; the chain corals. See Chaincoral,
under Chain.
HAM,Home. [North of Eng.] Chaucer.
HAMADRYAD,A tree nymph whose life ended with that of the particular tree,usually an
oak, which had been her abode.
HAMADRYAS,The sacred baboon of Egypt (Cynocephalus Hamadryas).
HAMAL,In Turkey and other Oriental countries, a porter or burdenbearer; specif., in
Western India, a palanquin bearer.
HAMAMELIS,A genus of plants which includes the witch-hazel (HamamelisVirginica), a
preparation of which is used medicinally.
HAMATE,Hooked; bent at the end into a hook; hamous.
HAMATED,Hooked, or set with hooks; hamate. Swift.
HAMATUM,See Unciform.
HAMBLE,To hamstring. [Obs.]
HAMBURG,A commercial city of Germany, near the mouth of the Elbe. BlackHamburg
grape. See under Black.-- Hamburg , a kind of embroidered work done by machinery on
cambricor muslin; -- used for trimming.-- Hamburg lake, a purplish crimson pigment
resembling cochineal.
HAME,Home. [Scot. & O. Eng.]
HAMEL,Same as Hamele.
HAMFATTER,A low-grade actor or performer. [Theatrical Slang]
HAMIFORM,Hook-shaped.
HAMILTON PERIOD,A subdivision of the Devonian system of America; -- so namedfrom
Hamilton, Madison Co., New York. It includes the Marcellus,Hamilton, and Genesee
epochs or groups. See the Chart of Geology.
HAMINURA,A large edible river fish (Erythrinus macrodon) of Guiana.
HAMITE,A fossil cephalopod of the genus Hamites, related to theammonites, but
having the last whorl bent into a hooklike form.
HAMITIC,Pertaining to Ham or his descendants. Hamitic languages, thegroup of
languages spoken mainly in the Sahara, Egypt, Galla, andSomâli Land, and supposed
to be allied to the Semitic. Keith Johnson.
HAMLET,A small village; a little cluster of houses in the country.The country
wasted, and the hamlets burned. Dryden.
HAMLETED,Confined to a hamlet. Feltham.
HAMMER BREAK,An interrupter in which contact is broken by the movement of
anautomatically vibrating hammer between a contact piece and anelectromagnet, or of
a rapidly moving piece mechanically driven.
HAMMER LOCK,A hold in which an arm of one contestant is held twisted andbent behind
his back by his opponent.
HAMMER,That part of a gunlock which strikes the percussion cap, orfiring pin; the
cock; formerly, however, a piece of steel coveringthe pan of a flintlock musket and
struck by the flint of the cock toignite the priming.(e) Also, a person of thing
that smites or shatters; as, St.Augustine was the hammer of heresies.He met the
stern legionaries [of Rome] who had been the "massive ironhammers" of the whole
earth. J. H. Newman.Atmospheric hammer, a dead-stroke hammer in which the spring
isformed by confined air.-- Drop hammer, Face hammer, etc. See under Drop, Face,
etc.-- Hammer fish. See Hammerhead.-- Hammer hardening, the process of hardening
metal by hammering itwhen cold.-- Hammer shell (Zoöl.), any species of Malleus, a
genus of marinebivalve shells, allied to the pearl oysters, having the wings
narrowand elongated, so as to give them a hammer-shaped outline; -- calledalso
hammer oyster.-- To bring to the hammer, to put up at auction.
HAMMER-BEAM,A member of one description of roof truss, called hammer-beamtruss,
which is so framed as not to have a tiebeam at the top of thewall. Each principal
has two hammer-beams, which occupy thesituation, and to some extent serve the
purpose, of a tiebeam.
HAMMER-DRESSED,Having the surface roughly shaped or faced with thestonecutter's
hammer; -- said of building stone.
HAMMER-HARDEN,To harden, as a metal, by hammering it in the cold state.
HAMMER-LESS,Without a visible hammer; -- said of a gun having a cock orstriker
concealed from sight, and out of the way of an accidentaltouch.
HAMMERABLE,Capable of being formed or shaped by a hammer. Sherwood.
HAMMERCLOTH,The cloth which covers a coach box.
HAMMERER,One who works with a hammer.
HAMMERHEAD,A shark of the genus Sphyrna or Zygæna, having the eyes set
onprojections from the sides of the head, which gives it a hammershape. The Sphyrna
zygæna is found in the North Atlantic. Called alsohammer fish, and balance fish.
HAMMERKOP,A bird of the Heron family; the umber.
HAMMERMAN,A hammerer; a forgeman.
HAMMOCHRYSOS,A stone with spangles of gold color in it.
HAMMOCK,Having the end hooked or curved.
HAMPER,A large basket, usually with a cover, used for the packing andcarrying of
articles; as, a hamper of wine; a clothes hamper; anoyster hamper, which contains
two bushels.
HAMSHACKLE,To fasten (an animal) by a rope binding the head to one of thefore legs;
as, to hamshackle a horse or cow; hence, to bind orrestrain; to curb.
HAMSTER,A small European rodent (Cricetus frumentarius). It isremarkable for having
a pouch on each side of the jaw, under theskin, and for its migrations.
HAMSTRING,One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, orspace back
of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back ofthe thigh.
HAMULAR,Hooked; hooklike; hamate; as, the hamular process of thesphenoid bone.
HAMULATE,Furnished with a small hook; hook-shaped. Gray.
HAMULE,A little hook.
HAMULOSE,Bearing a small hook at the end. Gray.
HAMULUS,A hook, or hooklike process.
HAN,To have; have. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.Him thanken all, and thus they han an end.
Chaucer.
HANAP,A rich goblet, esp. one used on state occasions. [Obs.]
HANAPER,A kind of basket, usually of wickerwork, and adapted for thepacking and
carrying of articles; a hamper. Hanaper office, an officeof the English court of
chancery in which writs relating to thebusiness of the public, and the returns to
them, were anciently keptin a hanaper or hamper. Blackstone.
HANCE,To raise; to elevate. [Obs.] Lydgate.
HAND,The small part of a gunstock near the lock, which is grasped bythe hand in
taking aim.
HAND-HOLE,A small hole in a boiler for the insertion of the hand incleaning, etc.
Hand-hole plate, the cover of a hand-hole.
HAND-TIGHT,As tight as can be made by the hand. Totten.
HAND-WINGED,Having wings that are like hands in the structure andarrangement of
their bones; -- said of bats. See Cheiroptera.
HANDBARROW,A frame or barrow, without a wheel, carried by hand.
HANDBOOK,A book of reference, to be carried in the hand; a manual; aguidebook.
HANDBREADTH,A space equal to the breadth of the hand; a palm. Ex. xxxvii.12.
HANDCART,A cart drawn or pushed by hand.
HANDCLOTH,A handkerchief.
HANDCRAFT,Same as Handicraft.
HANDCRAFTSMAN,A handicraftsman.
HANDCUFF,A fastening, consisting of an iron ring around the wrist,usually connected
by a chain with one on the other wrist; a manacle;-- usually in the plural.
HANDER,One who hands over or transmits; a conveyer in succession.Dryden.
HANDFAST,Fast by contract; betrothed by joining hands. [Obs.] Bale.
HANDFASTLY,In a handfast or publicly pledged manner. [Obs.] Holinshed.
HANDFISH,The frogfish.
HANDICAP,To encumber with a handicap in any contest; hence, in general,to place at
disadvantage; as, the candidate was heavily handicapped.
HANDICAPPER,One who determines the conditions of a handicap.
HANDICRAFTSMAN,A man skilled or employed in handcraft. Bacon.
HANDILY,In a handy manner; skillfully; conveniently.
HANDINESS,The quality or state of being handy.
HANDIRON,See Andrion. [Obs.]
HANDIWORK,Work done by the hands; hence, any work done personally.The firmament
showeth his handiwork. Ps. xix. 1.
HANDKERCHER,A handkerchief. [Obs. or Colloq.] Chapman (1654). Shak.
HANDLE,To use the hands.They have hands, but they handle not. Ps. cxv. 7.
HANDLEABLE,Capable of being handled.
HANDLESS,Without a hand. Shak.
HANDLING,The mode of using the pencil or brush, etc.; style of touch.Fairholt.
HANDMADE,Manufactured by hand; as, handmade shoes.
HANDSAW,A saw used with one hand.
HANDSOME,To render handsome. [Obs.] Donne
HANDSOMELY,Carefully; in shipshape style.
HANDSOMENESS,The quality of being handsome.Handsomeness is the mere animal
excellence, beauty the mereimaginative. Hare.
HANDSPIKE,A bar or lever, generally of wood, used in a windlass orcapstan, for
heaving anchor, and, in modified forms, for variouspurposes.
HANDSPRING,A somersault made with the assistance of the hands placed uponthe
ground.
HANDWHEEL,Any wheel worked by hand; esp., one the rim of which serves asthe handle
by which a valve, car brake, or other part is adjusted.
HANDY,Easily managed; obedient to the helm; -- said of a vessel.
HANDY-DANDY,A child's play, one child guessing in which closed hand theother holds
some small object, winning the object if right andforfeiting an equivalent if
wrong; hence, forfeit. Piers Plowman.
HANDYFIGHT,A fight with the hands; boxing. "Pollux loves handyfights." B.Jonson.
HANDYGRIPE,Seizure by, or grasp of, the hand; also, close quarters infighting.
Hudibras.
HANDYSTROKE,A blow with the hand.
HANDYWORK,See Handiwork.
HANG-BY,A dependent; a hanger-on; -- so called in contempt. B. Jonson.
HANGBIRD,The Baltimore oriole (Icterus galbula); -- so called becauseits nest is
suspended from the limb of a tree. See Baltimore oriole.
HANGDOG,A base, degraded person; a sneak; a gallows bird.
HANGER-ON,One who hangs on, or sticks to, a person, place, or service; adependent;
one who adheres to others' society longer than he iswanted. Goldsmith.
HANGMAN,One who hangs another; esp., one who makes a business ofhanging; a public
executioner; -- sometimes used as a term ofreproach, without reference to office.
Shak.
HANGMANSHIP,The office or character of a hangman.
HANGNAIL,A small piece or silver of skin which hangs loose, near theroot of finger
nail. Holloway.
HANK,A ring or eye of rope, wood, or iron, attached to the edge of asail and
running on a stay.
HANKERINGLY,In a hankering manner.
HANKEY-PANKEY,Professional cant; the chatter of conjurers to divert attentionfrom
their tricks; hence, jugglery. [Colloq.]
HANOVERIAN,Of or pertaining to Hanover or its people, or to the House ofHanover in
England.
HANSA,See 2d Hanse.
HANSARD,An official report of proceedings in the British Parliament; --so called
from the name of the publishers.
HANSE,That part of an elliptical or many-centered arch which has theshorter radius
and immediately adjoins the impost.
HANSEATIC,Pertaining to the Hanse towns, or to their confederacy.Hanseatic league.
See under 2d Hanse.
HANSEL,See Handsel.
HANSELINES,A sort of breeches. [Obs..] Chaucer.
HANUMAN,See Hoonoomaun.
HAP,To clothe; to wrap.The surgeon happed her up carefully. Dr. J. Brown.
HAPHAZARD,Extra hazard; chance; accident; random.We take our principles at
haphazard, upon trust. Locke.
HAPHTARAH,One of the lessons from the Nebiim (or Prophets) read in theJewish
synagogue on Sabbaths, feast days, fasts, and the ninth of Ab,at the end of the
service, after the parashoth, or lessons from theLaw. Such a practice is evidenced
in Luke iv.17 and Acts xiii.15.
HAPLESS,Without hap or luck; luckless; unfortunate; unlucky; unhappy;as, hapless
youth; hapless maid. Dryden.
HAPLESSLY,In a hapless, unlucky manner.
HAPLOMI,An order of freshwater fishes, including the true pikes,cyprinodonts, and
blindfishes.
HAPLOSTEMONOUS,Having but one series of stamens, and that equal in number tothe
proper number of petals; isostemonous.
HAPLY,By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.Lest haply ye be found
even to fight against God. Acts v. 39.
HAPPED,Wrapped; covered; cloaked. [Scot.]All happed with flowers in the green wood
were. Hogg.
HAPUKU,A large and valuable food fish (Polyprion prognathus) of NewZealand. It
sometimes weighs one hundred pounds or more.
HAQUEBUT,See Hagbut.
HARA-KIRI,Suicide, by slashing the abdomen, formerly practiced in Japan,and
commanded by the government in the cases of disgraced officials;disembowelment; --
also written, but incorrectly, hari-kari. W. E.Griffis.
HARANGUE,A speech addressed to a large public assembly; a popularoration; a loud
address a multitude; in a bad sense, a noisy orpompous speech; declamation;
ranting.Gray-headed men and grave, with warriors mixed, Assemble, andharangues are
heard. Milton.
HARANGUEFUL,Full of harangue.
HARANGUER,One who harangues, or is fond of haranguing; a declaimer.With them join'd
all th' harangues of the throng, That thought to getpreferment by the tongue.
Dryden.
HARASS,To fatigue; to tire with repeated and exhausting efforts; esp.,to weary by
importunity, teasing, or fretting; to cause to endureexcessive burdens or
anxieties; -- sometimes followed by out.[Troops] harassed with a long and wearisome
march. Bacon.Nature oppressed and harass'd out with care. Addison.Vext with lawyers
and harass'd with debt. Tennyson.
HARASSER,One who harasses.
HARASSMENT,The act of harassing, or state of being harassed; worry;annoyance;
anxiety.Little harassments which I am led to suspect do occasionally molestthe most
fortunate. Ld. Lytton.
HARBEROUS,Harborous. [Obs.]A bishop must be faultless, the husband of one wife,
honestlyappareled, harberous. Tyndale (1 Tim. iii. 2)
HARBINGER,To usher in; to be a harbinger of. "Thus did the star ofreligious freedom
harbinger the day." Bancroft.
HARBOR MASTER,An officer charged with the duty of executing the
regulationsrespecting the use of a harbor.
HARBOR,The mansion of a heavenly body. [Obs.]
HARBORAGE,Shelter; entertainment.[R.]Where can I get me harborage for the night
Tennyson.
HARBORER,One who, or that which, harbors.Geneva was . . . a harborer of exiles for
religion. Strype.
HARBORLESS,Without a harbor; shelterless.
HARBOROUS,Hospitable. [Obs.]
HARD GRASS,A name given to several different grasses, especially to theRoltböllia
incurvata, and to the species of Ægilops, from one ofwhich it is contended that
wheat has been derived.
HARD STEEL,Steel hardened by the addition of other elements, as
manganese,phosphorus, or (usually) carbon.
HARD,To harden; to make hard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HARD-FAVORED,Hard-featured; ill-looking; as, Vulcan was hard-favored.Dryden.
HARD-FAVOREDNESS,Coarseness of features.
HARD-FEATURED,Having coarse, unattractive or stern features. Smollett.
HARD-FOUGHT,contested; as, a hard-fought battle.
HARD-HANDED,Having hard hands, as a manual laborer.Hard-handed men that work in
Athens here. Shak.
HARD-HEADED,Having sound judgment; sagacious; shrewd.-- Hard"-head`ed*ness, n.
HARD-HEARTED,Unsympathetic; inexorable; cruel; pitiless.-- Hard"-heart`ed*ness, n.
HARD-LABORED,Wrought with severe labor; elaborate; studied. Swift.
HARD-MOUTHED,Not sensible to the bit; not easily governed; as, a hard-mouthed
horse.
HARD-SHELL,Unyielding; insensible to argument; uncompromising; strict.[Collog.,
U.S.]
HARD-TACK,A name given by soldiers and sailors to a kind of hard biscuitor sea
bread.
HARD-VISAGED,Of a harsh or stern countenance; hard-featured. Burke.
HARDBAKE,A sweetmeat of boiled brown sugar or molasses made withalmonds, and
flavored with orange or lemon juice, etc. Thackeray.
HARDBEAM,A tree of the genus Carpinus, of compact, horny texture;hornbeam.
HARDENED,Made hard, or compact; made unfeeling or callous; madeobstinate or
obdurate; confirmed in error or vice.
HARDENER,One who, or that which, hardens; specif., one who temperstools.
HARDER,A South African mullet, salted for food.
HARDERIAN,A term applied to a lachrymal gland on the inner side of theorbit of many
animals which have a third eyelid, or nictitatingmembrane. See Nictitating
membrane, under Nictitate.
HARDFAVOREDNESS,Coarseness of features.
HARDFERN,A species of fern (Lomaria borealis), growing in Europe andNorthwestern
America.
HARDHACK,A very astringent shrub (Spiræa tomentosa), common in pastures.The
Potentilla fruticosa in also called by this name.
HARDIHEAD,Hardihood. [Obs.]
HARDIHOOD,Boldness, united with firmness and constancy of mind;
bravery;intrepidity; also, audaciousness; impudence.A bound of graceful hardihood.
Wordsworth.It is the society of numbers which gives hardihood to
iniquity.Buckminster.
HARDIMENT,Hardihood; boldness; courage; energetic action. [Obs.]Changing hardiment
with great Glendower. Shak.
HARDISH,Somewhat hard.
HARDNESS,The cohesion of the particles on the surface of a body,determined by its
capacity to scratch another, or be itselfscratched;-measured among minerals on a
scale of which diamond andtalc form the extremes.
HARDOCK,See Hordock.
HARDPAN,The hard substratum. Same as Hard pan, under Hard, a.
HARDS,The refuse or coarse part of fiax; tow.
HARDSHIP,That which is hard to hear, as toil, privation, injury,injustice, etc.
Swift.
HARDSPUN,Firmly twisted in spinning.
HARDTAIL,See Jurel.
HARDWARE,Ware made of metal, as cutlery, kitchen utensils, and the
like;ironmongery.
HARDWAREMAN,One who makes, or deals in, hardware.
HARDY,A blacksmith's fuller or chisel, having a square shank forinsertion into a
square hole in an anvil, called the hardy hole.
HARE,To excite; to tease, or worry; to harry. [Obs.] Locke.
HARE-HEARTED,Timorous; timid; easily frightened. Ainsworth.
HAREBELL,A small, slender, branching plant (Campanula rotundifolia),having blue
bell-shaped flowers; also, Scilla nutans, which hassimilar flowers; -- called also
bluebell. [Written also hairbell.]E'en the light harebell raised its head. Sir W.
Scott .
HAREFOOT,A long, narrow foot, carried (that is, produced or extending)forward; --
said of dogs.
HAREHOUND,See Harrier. A. Chalmers.
HARELD,The long-tailed duck. See Old Squaw.
HARELIP,A lip, commonly the upper one, having a fissure ofperpendicular division
like that of a hare.-- Hare"lipped`, a.
HARENGIFORM,Herring-shaped.
HARFANG,The snowy owl.
HARIALI GRASS,The East Indian name of the Cynodon Dactylon; dog's-grass.
HARIER,See Harrier.
HARIKARI,See Hara-kiri.
HARIOLATION,Prognostication; soothsaying. [Obs.] Cockeram.
HARISH,Like a hare. [R.] Huloet.
HARK,To listen; to hearken. [Now rare, except in the imperative formused as an
interjection, Hark! listen.] Hudibras. Hark away! Harkback! Hark forward!
(Sporting), cries used to incite and guide houndsin hunting.-- To hark back, to go
back for a fresh start, as when one haswandered from his direct course, or made a
digression.He must have overshot the mark, and must hark back. Haggard. Heharked
back to the subject. W. E. Norris.
HARKEN,To hearken. Tennyson.
HARLE,The red-breasted merganser.
HARLECH GROUP,A minor subdivision at the base of the Cambrian system inWales.
HARLEQUIN,A buffoon, dressed in party-colored clothes, who plays tricks,often
without speaking, to divert the bystanders or an audience; amerry-andrew;
originally, a droll rogue of Italian comedy. PercySmith.As dumb harlequin is
exhibited in our theaters. Johnson.Harlequin bat (Zoöl.), an Indian bat
(Scotophilus ornatus), curiouslyvariegated with white spots.-- Harlequin beetle
(Zoöl.), a very large South American beetle(Acrocinus longimanus) having very long
legs and antennæ. The elytraare curiously marked with red, black, and gray.--
Harlequin cabbage bug. (Zoöl.) See Calicoback.-- Harlequin caterpillar. (Zoöl.),
the larva of an American bombycidmoth (Euchætes egle) which is covered with black,
white, yellow, andorange tufts of hair.-- Harlequin duck (Zoöl.), a North American
duck (Histrionicushistrionicus). The male is dark ash, curiously streaked with
white.-- Harlequin moth. (Zoöl.) See Magpie Moth.-- Harlequin opal. See Opal.--
Harlequin snake (Zoöl.), a small, poisonous snake (Elapsfulvius), ringed with red
and black, found in the Southern UnitedStates.
HARLEQUINADE,A play or part of play in which the harlequin is conspicuous;the part
of a harlequin. Macaulay.
HARLOCK,Probably a corruption either of charlock or hardock. Drayton.
HARLOT,Wanton; lewd; low; base. Shak.
HARLOTIZE,To harlot. [Obs.] Warner.
HARM,To hurt; to injure; to damage; to wrong.Though yet he never harmed me. Shak.No
ground of enmity between us known Why he should mean me ill orseek to harm. Milton.
HARMALINE,An alkaloid found in the plant Peganum harmala. It formsbitter, yellow
salts.
HARMATTAN,A dry, hot wind, prevailing on the Atlantic coast of Africa, inDecember,
January, and February, blowing from the interior or Sahara.It is usually
accompanied by a haze which obscures the sun.
HARMEL,A kind of rue (Ruta sylvestris) growing in India. At Lahore theseeds are
used medicinally and for fumigation.
HARMFUL,Full of harm; injurious; hurtful; mischievous. " Most harmfulhazards."
Strype. --Harm"ful*ly, adv.-- Harm"ful*ness, n.
HARMINE,An alkaloid accompanying harmaline (in the Peganum harmala),and obtained
from it by oxidation. It is a white crystallinesubstance.
HARMLESS,Relating to harmony, -- as melodic relates to melody;harmonious; esp.,
relating to the accessory sounds or overtones whichaccompany the predominant and
apparent single tone of any string orsonorous body.
HARMONIC,A musical note produced by a number of vibrations which is amultiple of
the number producing some other; an overtone. SeeHarmonics.
HARMONICALLY,In harmonical progression.
HARMONICON,A small, flat, wind instrument of music, in which the notes areproduced
by the vibration of free metallic reeds.
HARMONICS,Secondary and less distinct tones which accompany anyprincipal, and
apparently simple, tone, as the octave, the twelfth,the fifteenth, and the
seventeenth. The name is also applied to theartificial tones produced by a string
or column of air, when theimpulse given to it suffices only to make a part of the
string orcolumn vibrate; overtones.
HARMONIPHON,An obsolete wind instrument with a keyboard, in which thesound, which
resembled the oboe, was produced by the vibration ofthin metallic plates, acted
upon by blowing through a tube.
HARMONIST,One who understands the principles of harmony or is skillful inapplying
them in composition; a musical composer.
HARMONIUM,A musical instrument, resembling a small organ and especiallydesigned for
church music, in which the tones are produced by forcingair by means of a bellows
so as to cause the vibration of freemetallic reeds. It is now made with one or two
keyboards, and haspedals and stops.
HARMONIZATION,The act of harmonizing.
HARMONIZE,To accompany with harmony; to provide with parts, as an air, ormelody.
HARMONIZER,One who harmonizes.
HARMONOMETER,An instrument for measuring the harmonic relations of sounds.It is
often a monochord furnished with movable bridges.
HARMONY,See Harmonic suture, under Harmonic. Close harmony, Dispersedharmony, etc.
See under Close, Dispersed, etc.-- Harmony of the spheres. See Music of the
spheres, under Music.
HARMOST,A governor or prefect appointed by the Spartans in the citiessubjugated by
them.
HARMOTOME,A hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta, occurring usually inwhite
cruciform crystals; cross-stone.
HARNESS CASK,A tub lashed to a vessel's deck and containing saltedprovisions for
daily use; -- called also harness tub. W. C. Russell.
HARNESSER,One who harnesses.
HARNS,The brains. [Scot.]
HARP,A constellation; Lyra, or the Lyre.
HARPA,A genus of marine univalve shells; the harp shells; -- socalled from the form
of the shells, and their ornamental ribs.
HARPAGON,A grappling iron. [Obs.]
HARPING IRON,A harpoon. Evelyn.
HARPING,Pertaining to the harp; as, harping symphonies. Milton.
HARPINGS,The fore parts of the wales, which encompass the bow of avessel, and are
fastened to the stem. [Written also harpins.] Totten.
HARPIST,A player on the harp; a harper. W. Browne.
HARPOON,A spear or javelin used to strike and kill large fish, aswhales; a harping
iron. It consists of a long shank, with a broad,fiat, triangular head, sharpened at
both edges, and is thrown byhand, or discharged from a gun. Harpoon fork, a kind of
hayfork,consisting of bar with hinged barbs at one end a loop for a rope atthe
other end, used for lifting hay from the load by horse power.-- Harpoon gun, a gun
used in the whale fishery for shooting theharpoon into a whale.
HARPOONEER,An harpooner. Grabb.
HARPOONER,One who throws the harpoon.
HARPRESS,A female harper. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
HARPSICHON,A harpsichord. [Obs.]
HARPSICHORD,A harp-shaped instrument of music set horizontally on legs,like the
grand piano, with strings of wire, played by the fingers, bymeans of keys provided
with quills, instead of hammers, for strikingthe strings. It is now superseded by
the piano.
HARPY,A fabulous winged monster, ravenous and filthy, having the faceof a woman and
the body of a vulture, with long claws, and the facepale with hunger. Some writers
mention two, others three.Both table and provisions vanished guite. With sound of
harpies'wings and talons heard. Milton.
HARRAGE,To harass; to plunder from. [Obs.] Fuller.
HARRE,A hinge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HARRIDAN,A worn-out strumpet; a vixenish woman; a hag.Such a weak, watery, wicked
old harridan, substituted for the prettycreature I had been used to see. De
Quincey.
HARRIER,One of a small breed of hounds, used for hunting hares.[Written also
harier.]
HARROW,An obstacle formed by turning an ordinary harrow upside down,the frame being
buried. Bush harrow, a kind of light harrow made ofbushes, for harrowing grass
lands and covering seeds, or to finishthe work of a toothed harrow.-- Drill harrow.
See under 6th Drill.-- Under the harrow, subjected to actual torture with a
toothedinstrument, or to great affliction or oppression.
HARROWER,One who harrows.
HARRY,To make a predatory incursion; to plunder or lay waste. [Obs.]Beau. & Fl.
HARSH,Having violent contrasts of color, or of light and shade;lacking in harmony.
HARSHLY,In a harsh manner; gratingly; roughly; rudely.'T will sound harshly in her
ears. Shak.
HARSHNESS,The quality or state of being harsh.O, she is Ten times more gentle than
her father 's crabbed, And he'scomposed of harshness. Shak.'Tis not enough no
harshness gives offense, The sound must seem anecho to the sense. Pope.
HARSLET,See Haslet.
HART,A stag; the male of the red deer. See the Note under Buck.Goodliest of all the
forest, hart and hind. Milton.
HARTBEEST,A large South African antelope (Alcelaphus caama), formerlymuch more
abundant than it is now. The face and legs are marked withblack, the rump with
white. [Written also hartebeest, and hartebest.]
HARTEN,To hearten; to encourage; to incite. [Obs.] Spenser.
HARTFORD,The Hartford grape, a variety of grape first raised atHartford,
Connecticut, from the Northern fox grape. Its large dark-colored berries ripen
earlier than those of most other kinds.
HARTWORT,A coarse umbelliferous plant of Europe (Tordylium maximum).
HARUM-SCARUM,Wild; giddy; flighty; rash; thoughtless. [Colloq.]They had a quarrel
with Sir Thomas Newcome's own son, a harum-scarumlad. Thackeray.
HARUSPICATION,See Haruspicy. Tylor.
HARUSPICE,A diviner of ancient Rome. Same as Aruspice.
HARUSPICY,The art or practices of haruspices. See Aruspicy.
HARVEST,To reap or gather, as any crop.
HARVESTER,A harvesting ant.
HARVESTING,, from Harvest, v. t. Harvesting ant (Zoöl.), any species ofant which
gathers and stores up seeds for food. Many species areknown.
HARVESTLESS,Without harvest; lacking in crops; barren. "Harvestlessautumns."
Tennyson.
HARVESTMAN,See Daddy longlegs, 1.
HARVESTRY,The act of harvesting; also, that which is harvested.Swinburne.
HARVEY PROCESS,A process of hardening the face of steel, as armor plates,invented
by Hayward A. Harvey of New Jersey, consisting in theadditional carburizing of the
face of a piece of low carbon steel bysubjecting it to the action of carbon under
long-continued pressureat a very high heat, and then to a violent chilling, as by a
spray ofcold water. This process gives an armor plate a thick surface ofextreme
hardness supported by material gradually decreasing inhardness to the unaltered
soft steel at the back.
HARY,To draw; to drag; to carry off by vio [Obs.] Chaucer.
HAS,3d pers. sing. pres. of Have.
HASARD,Hazard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HASE,See Haze, v. t.
HASH,To as, to hash meat. Hudibras.
HASK,A basket made of rushes or flags, as for carrying fish. [Obs.]Spenser.
HASLET,The edible viscera, as the heart, liver, etc., of a beast, esp.of a hog.
[Written also harslet.]
HASP,To shut or fasten with a hasp.
HAST,, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest. [Archaic]
HASTE,To hasten; to hurry. [Archaic]I 'll haste the writer. Shak.They were troubled
and hasted away. Ps. xlviii. 5.
HASTEN,To press; to drive or urge forward; to push on; to precipitate;to accelerate
the movement of; to expedite; to hurry.I would hasten my escape from the windy
storm. Ps. lv. 8.
HASTIF,Hasty. [Obs.] Chaucer.-- Has"tif*ly, adv. [Obs.]
HASTILE,Same as Hastate. Gray.
HASTINESS,The quality or state of being hasty; haste; precipitation;rashness;
quickness of temper.
HASTINGS SANDS,The lower group of the Wealden formation; -- so called from
itsdevelopment around Hastings, in Sussex, England.
HASTINGS,Early fruit or vegetables; especially, early pease. Mortimer.
HASTIVE,Forward; early; -- said of fruits. [Obs.]
HASTY,Proceeding from, or indicating, a quick temper.Take no unkindness of his
hasty words. Shak
HAT,Hot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HATABLE,Capable of being, or deserving to be, hated; odious;detestable.
HATBAND,A band round the crown of a hat; sometimes, a band of blackcloth, crape,
etc., worn as a badge of mourning.
HATBOX,A box for a hat.
HATCH,To produce young; -- said of eggs; to come forth from the egg;-- said of the
young of birds, fishes, insects, etc.
HATCH-BOAT,A vessel whose deck consists almost wholly of movable hatches;-- used
mostly in the fisheries.
HATCHEL,An instrument with long iron teeth set in a board, forcleansing flax or
hemp from the tow, hards, or coarse part; a kind oflarge comb; -- called also
hackle and heckle.
HATCHELER,One who uses a hatchel.
HATCHERY,A house for hatching fish, etc.
HATCHET MAN,1. A person hired to murder or physically attack another; a hitman.
HATCHING,A mode of execution in engraving, drawing, and miniaturepainting, in which
shading is produced by lines crossing each otherat angles more or less acute; --
called also crosshatching.
HATCHMENT,A sort of panel, upon which the arms of a deceased person aretemporarily
displayed, -- usually on the walls of his dwelling. It islozenge-shaped or square,
but is hung cornerwise. It is used inEngland as a means of giving public
notification of the death of thedeceased, his or her rank, whether married,
widower, widow, etc.Called also achievement.His obscure funeral; No trophy, sword,
or hatchment o'er his bones.Shak.
HATCHURE,Same as Hachure.
HATCHWAY,A square or oblong opening in a deck or floor, affordingpassage from one
deck or story to another; the entrance to a cellar.
HATE,To love less, relatively. Luke xiv. 26.
HATEL,Hateful; detestable. [Obs.]
HATER,One who hates.An enemy to God, and a hater of all good. Sir T. Browne.
HATH,Has. [Archaic.]
HATLESS,Having no hat.
HATRACK,A hatstand; hattree.
HATRED,Strong aversion; intense dislike; hate; an affection of themind awakened by
something regarded as evil.
HATSTAND,A stand of wood or iron, with hooks or pegs upon which to hanghats, etc.
HATTE,pres. & imp. sing. & pl. of Hote, to be called. See Hote.[Obs.] Chaucer.A
full perilous place, purgatory it hatte. Piers Plowman.
HATTED,Covered with a hat.
HATTER,To tire or worry; -- out. [Obs.] Dryden.
HATTERIA,A New Zealand lizard, which, in anatomical character, differswidely from
all other existing lizards. It is the only livingrepresentative of the order
Rhynchocephala, of which many Mesozoicfossil species are known; -- called also
Sphenodon, and Tuatera.
HATTI-SHERIF,A irrevocable Turkish decree countersigned by the sultan.
HATTING,The business of making hats; also, stuff for hats.
HATTREE,A hatstand.
HAUBERGEON,See Habergeon.
HAUBERK,A coat of mail; especially, the long coat of mail of theEuropean Middle
Ages, as contrasted with the habergeon, which isshorter and sometimes sleeveless.
By old writers it is often usedsynonymously with habergeon. See Habergeon. [Written
variouslyhauberg, hauberque, hawberk, etc.] Chaucer.Helm, nor hawberk's twisted
mail. Gray.
HAUERITE,Native sulphide of manganese a reddish brown or brownish blackmineral.
HAUGH,A low-lying meadow by the side of a river. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]On a haugh or
level plain, near to a royal borough. Sir W. Scott.
HAUGHT,High; elevated; hence, haughty; proud. [Obs.] Shak.
HAUGHTILY,In a haughty manner; arrogantly.
HAUGHTINESS,The quality of being haughty; disdain; arrogance.
HAUL,To change the direction of a ship by hauling the wind. Seeunder Haul, v. t.I .
. . hauled up for it, and found it to be an island. Cook.
HAULABOUT,A bargelike vessel with steel hull, large hatchways, and
coaltransporters, for coaling war vessels from its own hold or from othercolliers.
HAULAGE,Act of hauling; as, the haulage of cars by an engine; chargefor hauling.
HAULER,One who hauls.
HAULM,The denuded stems or stalks of such crops as buckwheat and thecereal grains,
beans, etc.; straw.
HAULS,See Hals.
HAULSE,See Halse.
HAULT,Lofty; haughty. [Obs.]Through support of countenance proud and hault.
Spenser.
HAUM,See Haulm, stalk. Smart.
HAUNCE,To enhance. [Obs.] Lydgate.
HAUNCHED,Having haunches.
HAUNT,To persist in staying or visiting.I've charged thee not to haunt about my
doors. Shak.
HAUNTED,Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions;frequented by a
ghost.All houses wherein men have lived and died Are haunted houses.Longfellow.
HAUNTER,One who, or that which, haunts.
HAURIENT,In pale, with the head in chief; -- said of the figure of afish, as if
rising for air.
HAUSEN,A large sturgeon (Acipenser huso) from the region of the BlackSea. It is
sometimes twelve feet long.
HAUSSE,A kind of graduated breech sight for a small arm, or a cannon.
HAUSTELLATA,An artificial division of insects, including all those with asucking
proboscis.
HAUSTELLATE,Provided with a haustellum, or sucking proboscis.-- n.
HAUSTELLUM,The sucking proboscis of various insects. See Lepidoptera, andDiptera.
HAUSTORIUM,One of the suckerlike rootlets of such plants as the dodder andivy. R.
Brown.
HAUT,Haughty. [Obs.] "Nations proud and haut." Milton.
HAUTBOY,A wind instrument, sounded through a reed, and similar in shapeto the
clarinet, but with a thinner tone. Now more commonly calledoboe. See Illust. of
Oboe.
HAUTBOYIST,A player on the hautboy.
HAUTEUR,Haughty manner or spirit; haughtiness; pride; arrogance.
HAUTGOUT,High relish or flavor; high seasoning.
HAUTPAS,A raised part of the floor of a large room; a platform for araised table or
throne. See Dais.
HAUYNITE,A blue isometric mineral, characteristic of some volcani
HAVANA,Of or pertaining to Havana, the capital of the island of Cuba;as, an Havana
cigar; -- formerly sometimes written Havannah.-- n.
HAVANESE,Of or pertaining to Havana, in Cuba.-- n. sing. & pl.
HAVELESS,Having little or nothing. [Obs.] Gower.
HAVELOCK,A light cloth covering for the head and neck, used by soldiersas a
protection from sunstroke.
HAVEN,To shelter, as in a haven. Keats.
HAVENAGE,Harbor dues; port dues.
HAVENED,Sheltered in a haven.Blissful havened both from joy and pain. Keats.
HAVENER,A harbor master. [Obs.]
HAVER,A possessor; a holder. Shak.
HAVERSIAN,Pertaining to, or discovered by, Clopton Havers, an Englishphysician of
the seventeenth century. Haversian canals (Anat.), thesmall canals through which
the blood vessels ramify in bone.
HAVIER,A castrated deer.
HAVILDAR,In the British Indian armies, a noncommissioned officer ofnative soldiers,
corresponding to a sergeant. Havildar major, anative sergeant major in the East
Indian army.
HAVING,Possession; goods; estate.I 'll lend you something; my having is not much.
Shak.
HAVIOR,Behavior; demeanor. [Obs.] Shak.
HAVOC,Wide and general destruction; devastation; waste.As for Saul, he made havoc
of the church. Acts viii. 3.Ye gods, what havoc does ambition make Among your
works! Addison.
HAW,The third eyelid, or nictitating membrane. See Nictitatingmembrane, under
Nictitate.
HAW-HAW,See Ha-ha.
HAWAIIAN,Belonging to Hawaii or the Sandwich Islands, or to the peopleof Hawaii.--
n.
HAWEBAKE,Probably, the baked berry of the hawthorn tree, that is, coarsefare. See
1st Haw, 2. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HAWFINCH,The common European grosbeak (Coccothraustes vulgaris); --called also
cherry finch, and coble.
HAWHAW,To laugh boisterously. [Colloq. U. S.]We haw-haw'd, I tell you, for more
than half an hour. Major JackDowning.
HAWK MOTH,Any moth of the family Sphingidæ, of which there are numerousgenera and
species. They are large, handsome moths, which fly mostlyat twilight and hover
about flowers like a humming bird, sucking thehoney by means of a long, slender
proboscis. The larvæ are large,hairless caterpillars ornamented with green and
other bright colors,and often with a caudal spine. See Sphinx, also Tobacco worm,
andTomato worm. Tobacco Hawk Moth (Macrosila Carolina), and its Larva,the Tobacco
Worm.
HAWK,One of numerous species and genera of rapacious birds of thefamily Falconidæ.
They differ from the true falcons in lacking theprominent tooth and notch of the
bill, and in having shorter and lesspointed wings. Many are of large size and grade
into the eagles.Some, as the goshawk, were formerly trained like falcons. In a
moregeneral sense the word is not infrequently applied, also, to truefalcons, as
the sparrow hawk, pigeon hawk, duck hawk, and prairiehawk.
HAWK-EYED,Having a keen eye; sharpsighted; discerning.
HAWKBILL,A sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), which yields the bestquality of
tortoise shell; -- called also caret.
HAWKBIT,The fall dandelion (Leontodon autumnale).
HAWKED,Curved like a hawk's bill; crooked.
HAWKER,One who sells wares by crying them in the street; hence, apeddler or a
packman.
HAWKEY,See Hockey. Holloway.
HAWKEYE STATE,Iowa; -- a nickname of obscure origin.
HAWM,See Haulm, straw.
HAWSER,A large rope made of three strands each containing many yarns.
HAWSER-LAID,Made in the manner of a hawser. Cf. Cable-laid, and see Illust.of
Cordage.
HAWTHORN,A thorny shrub or tree (the Cratægus oxyacantha), having deeplylobed,
shining leaves, small, roselike, fragrant flowers, and a fruitcalled haw. It is
much used in Europe for hedges, and for standardsin gardens. The American hawthorn
is Cratægus cordata, which has theleaves but little lobed.Gives not the hawthorn
bush a sweeter shade To shepherds Shak.
HAY,To lay snares for rabbits. Huloet.
HAY-CUTTER,A machine in which hay is chopped short, as fodder for cattle.
HAYBOTE,An allowance of wood to a tenant for repairing his hedges orfences;
hedgebote. See Bote. Blackstone.
HAYCOCK,A conical pile or hear of hay in the field.The tanned haycock in the mead.
Milton.
HAYFIELD,A field where grass for hay has been cut; a meadow. Cowper.
HAYFORK,A fork for pitching and tedding hay. Horse hayfork, acontrivance for
unloading hay from the cart and depositing it in theloft, or on a mow, by horse
power.
HAYLOFT,A loft or scaffold for hay.
HAYMAKING,The operation or work of cutting grass and curing it for hay.
HAYRACK,A frame mounted on the running gear of a wagon, and used inhauling hay,
straw, sheaves, etc.; -- called also hay rigging.
HAYRAKE,A rake for collecting hay; especially, a large rake drawn by ahorse or
horses.
HAYRICK,A heap or pile of hay, usually covered with thatch forpreservation in the
open air.
HAYSTACK,A stack or conical pile of hay in the open air.
HAYSTALK,A stalk of hay.
HAYTHORN,Hawthorn. R. Scot.
HAYTIAN,Of pertaining to Hayti.-- n.
HAYWARD,An officer who is appointed to guard hedges, and to keep cattlefrom
breaking or cropping them, and whose further duty it is toimpound animals found
running at large.
HAZARD,Holing a ball, whether the object ball (winning hazard) or theplayer's ball
(losing hazard).
HAZARDIZE,A hazardous attempt or situation; hazard. [Obs.]Herself had run into that
hazardize. Spenser.
HAZARDOUS,Exposed to hazard; dangerous; risky.To enterprise so hazardous and high!
Milton.
HAZE,Light vapor or smoke in the air which more or less impedesvision, with little
or no dampness; a lack of transparency in theair; hence, figuratively, obscurity;
dimness.O'er the sky The silvery haze of summer drawn. Tennyson.Above the world's
uncertain haze. Keble.
HAZEL,A shrub or small tree of the genus Corylus, as the C. avellana,bearing a nut
containing a kernel of a mild, farinaceous taste; thefilbert. The American species
are C. Americana, which produces thecommon hazelnut, and C. rostrata. See Filbert.
Gray.
HAZELESS,Destitute of haze. Tyndall.
HAZELLY,Of the color of the hazelnut; of a light brown. Mortimer.
HAZELNUT,The nut of the hazel. Shak.
HAZELWORT,The asarabacca.
HAZILY,In a hazy manner; mistily; obscurely; confusedly.
HAZINESS,The quality or state of being hazy.
HAZLE,To make dry; to dry. [Obs.]
HEAD,Tiles laid at the eaves of a house. Knight.
HEAD-CHEESE,A dish made of portions of the head, or head and feet, ofswine, cut up
fine, seasoned, and pressed into a cheeselike mass.
HEAD-HUNTER,A member of any tribe or race of savages who have the custom
ofdecapitating human beings and preserving their heads as trophies. TheDyaks of
Borneo are the most noted head-hunters.-- Head"-hunt`ing, n.
HEAD-LUGGED,Lugged or dragged by the head. [R.] "The head-lugged bear."Shak.
HEADACHE,Pain in the head; ceph "Headaches and shivering fits."Macaulay.
HEADACHY,Afflicted with headache. [Colloq.]
HEADBOARD,A board or boarding which marks or forms the head of anything;as, the
headboard of a bed; the headboard of a grave.
HEADER,With the head foremost.
HEADFISH,The sunfish (Mola).
HEADILY,In a heady or rash manner; hastily; rashly; obstinately.
HEADINESS,The quality of being heady.
HEADING,A gallery, drift, or adit in a mine; also, the end of a driftor gallery;
the vein above a drift.
HEADLIGHT,A light, with a powerful reflector, placed at the head of alocomotive, or
in front of it, to throw light on the track at night,or in going through a dark
tunnel.
HEADLINE,The line at the head or top of a page.
HEADMAN,A head or leading man, especially of a village community.
HEADMOST,Most advanced; most forward; as, the headmost ship in a fleet.
HEADNOTE,A note at the head of a page or chapter; in law reports, anabstract of a
case, showing the principles involved and the opinionof the court.
HEADPAN,The brainpan. [Obs.]
HEADQUARTERS,The quarters or place of residence of any chief officer, as thegeneral
in command of an army, or the head of a police force; theplace from which orders or
instructions are issued; hence, the centerof authority or order.The brain, which is
the headquarters, or office, of intelligence.Collier.
HEADRACE,See Race, a water course.
HEADROOM,See Headway, 2.
HEADROPE,That part of a boltrope which is sewed to the upper edge orhead of a sail.
HEADSAIL,Any sail set forward of the foremast. Totten.
HEADSHAKE,A significant shake of the head, commonly as a signal ofdenial. Shak.
HEADSHIP,Authority or dignity; chief place.
HEADSMAN,An executioner who cuts off heads. Dryden.
HEADSPRING,Fountain; source.The headspring of our belief. Stapleton.
HEADSTALL,That part of a bridle or halter which encompasses the head.Shak.
HEADSTOCK,A part (usually separate from the bed or frame) for supportingsome of the
principal working parts of a machine; as:(a) The part of a lathe that holds the
revolving spindle and itsattachments; -- also called poppet head, the opposite
correspondingpart being called a tailstock.(b) The part of a planing machine that
supports the cutter, etc.
HEADSTRONGNESS,Obstinacy. [R.] Gayton.
HEADWATER,The source and upper part of a stream; -- commonly used in theplural; as,
the headwaters of the Missouri.
HEADWAY,Clear space under an arch, girder, and the like, sufficient toallow of easy
passing underneath.
HEADWORK,Mental labor.
HEAL,To cover, as a roof, with tiles, slate, lead, or the like.[Obs.]
HEALABLE,Capable of being healed.
HEALALL,A common herb of the Mint family (Brunela vulgaris), destituteof active
properties, but anciently thought a panacea.
HEALD,A heddle. Ure.
HEALER,One who, or that which, heals.
HEALFUL,Tending or serving to heal; healing. [Obs.] Ecclus. xv. 3.
HEALING,Tending to cure; soothing; mollifying; as, the healing art; ahealing salve;
healing words.Here healing dews and balms abound. Keble.
HEALINGLY,So as to heal or cure.
HEALTHFULLY,In health; wholesomely.
HEALTHFULNESS,The state of being healthful.
HEALTHILY,In a healthy manner.
HEALTHINESS,The state of being healthy or healthful; freedom from disease.
HEALTHLESSNESS,The state of being health
HEALTHSOME,Wholesome; salubrious. [R.] "Healthsome air." Shak.
HEALTHWARD,In the direction of health; as, a healthward tendency.
HEAM,The afterbirth or secundines of a beast.
HEAPER,One who heaps, piles, or amasses.
HEAPY,Lying in heaps. Gay.
HEARD,imp. & p. p. of Hear.
HEARER,One who hears; an auditor.
HEARKENER,One who hearkens; a listener.
HEARSAL,Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.
HEARSAY,Report; rumor; fame; common talk; something heard from another.Much of the
obloquy that has so long rested on the memory of ourgreat national poet originated
in frivolous hearsays of his life andconversation. Prof. Wilson.Hearsay evidence
(Law), that species of testimony which consists in aa narration by one person of
matters told him by another. It is, witha few exceptions, inadmissible as
testimony. Abbott.
HEARSE,A hind in the year of its age. [Eng.] Wright.
HEARSECLOTH,A cloth for covering a coffin when on a bier; a pall. Bp.Sanderson.
HEARSELIKE,Suitable to a funeral.If you listen to David's harp, you shall hear as
many hearselike airsas carols. Bacon.
HEART,A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically,keeps up the
circulation of the blood.Why does my blood thus muster to my heart! Shak.
HEART-EATING,Preying on the heart.
HEART-ROBBING,A species of violet (Viola tricolor); -- called also pansy.
HEART-SPOON,A part of the breastbone. [Obs.]He feeleth through the herte-spon the
pricke. Chaucer.
HEART-WOUNDED,Wounded to the heart with love or grief. Pope.
HEARTACHE,Sorrow; anguish of mind; mental pang. Shak.
HEARTBREAK,Crushing sorrow or grief; a yielding to such grief. Shak.
HEARTBREAKING,Causing overpowering sorrow.
HEARTBROKEN,Overcome by crushing sorrow; deeply grieved.
HEARTBURN,An uneasy, burning sensation in the stomach, often attendedwith an
inclination to vomit. It is sometimes idiopathic, but isoften a symptom of often
complaints.
HEARTBURNED,Having heartburn. Shak.
HEARTBURNING,Causing discontent.
HEARTDEAR,Sincerely beloved. [R.] Shak.
HEARTDEEP,Rooted in the heart. Herbert.
HEARTEDNESS,Earnestness; sincerity; heartiness. [R.] Clarendon.
HEARTENER,One who, or that which, heartens, animates, or stirs up. W.Browne.
HEARTFELT,Hearty; sincere.
HEARTGRIEF,Heartache; sorrow. Milton.
HEARTH,The floor of a furnace, on which the material to be heatedlies, or the
lowest part of a melting furnace, into which the meltedmaterial settles. Hearth
ends (Metal.), fragments of lead ore ejectedfrom the furnace by the blast.-- Hearth
money, Hearth penny Etym: [AS. heoredhpening], a taxformerly laid in England on
hearths, each hearth (in all housespaying the church and poor rates) being taxed at
two shillings; --called also chimney money, etc.He had been importuned by the
common people to relieve them from the. . . burden of the hearth money. Macaulay.
HEARTHSTONE,Stone forming the hearth; hence, the fireside; home.Chords of memory,
stretching from every battlefield and patriot graveto every living heart and
hearthstone. A. Lincoln.
HEARTINESS,The quality of being hearty; as, the heartiness of a greeting.
HEARTLET,A little heart.
HEARTLINGS,An exclamation used in addressing a familiar acquaintance.[Obs.] Shak.
HEARTPEA,Same as Heartseed.
HEARTQUAKE,Trembling of the heart; trepidation; fear.In many an hour of danger and
heartquake. Hawthorne.
HEARTRENDING,Causing intense grief; overpowering with anguish; verydistressing.
HEARTSEED,A climbing plant of the genus Cardiospermum, having round seedswhich are
marked with a spot like a heart. Loudon.
HEARTSHAPED,Having the shape of a heart; cordate.
HEARTSICK,Sick at heart; extremely depressed in spirits; very despondent.
HEARTSOME,Merry; cheerful; lively. [Scot.]
HEARTSTRICKEN,Shocked; dismayed.
HEARTSTRIKE,To affect at heart; to shock. [R.] "The seek to heartstrikeus." B.
Jonson.
HEARTSTRING,A nerve or tendon, supposed to brace and sustain the
heart.Shak.Sobbing, as if a hearstring broke. Moore.
HEARTSWELLING,Rankling in, or swelling, the heart. "Heartswelling hate."Spenser.
HEARTWOOD,The hard, central part of the trunk of a tree, consisting ofthe old and
matured wood, and usually differing in color from theouter layers. It is
technically known as duramen, and distinguishedfrom the softer sapwood or alburnum.
HEARTY,Comrade; boon companion; good fellow; -- a term of familiaraddress and
fellowship among sailors. Dickens.
HEARTYHALE,Good for the heart. [Obs.]
HEAT,Heated; as, the iron though heat red-hot. [Obs. or Archaic.]Shak.
HEATHCLAD,Clad or crowned with heath.
HEATHENESSE,Heathendom. [Obs.] Chaucer. Sir W. Scott.
HEATHENISHLY,In a heathenish manner.
HEATHENISHNESS,The state or quality of being heathenish. "The . . .heathenishness
and profaneness of most playbooks." Prynne.
HEATHENIZE,To render heathen or heathenish. Firmin.
HEATHENNESS,State of being heathen or like the heathen.
HEATHER,Heath. [Scot.]Gorse and grass And heather, where his footsteps pass, The
brighterseem. Longfellow.Heather bell (Bot.), one of the pretty subglobose flowers
of twoEuropean kinds of heather (Erica Tetralix, and E. cinerea).
HEATHERY,Heathy; abounding in heather; of the nature of heath.
HEATHY,Full of heath; abounding with heath; as, heathy land; heathyhills. Sir W.
Scott.
HEATING,That heats or imparts heat; promoting warmth or heat; excitingaction;
stimulating; as, heating medicines or applications. Heatingsurface (Steam Boilers),
the aggregate surface exposed to fire or tothe heated products of combustion, esp.
of all the plates or sheetsthat are exposed to water on their opposite surfaces; --
called alsofire surface.
HEATINGLY,In a heating manner; so as to make or become hot or heated.
HEATLESS,Destitute of heat; cold. Beau. & Fl.
HEAVE OFFERING,An offering or oblation heaved up or elevated before the altar,as
the shoulder of the peace offering. See Wave offering. Ex. xxix.27.
HEAVE,A horizontal dislocation in a metallic lode, taking place at anintersection
with another lode.
HEAVEN,To place in happiness or bliss, as if in heaven; to beatify.[R.]We are happy
as the bird whose nest Is heavened in the hush of purplehills. G. Massey.
HEAVENIZE,To render like heaven or fit for heaven. [R.] Bp. Hall.
HEAVENLINESS,The state or quality of being heavenly. Sir J. Davies.
HEAVENLY,Having the thoughts and affections placed on, or suitable for,heaven and
heavenly objects; devout; godly; pious. Milner.-- Heav"en*ly*mind`ed*ness, n.
HEAVENWARD,Toward heaven.
HEAVER,A bar used as a lever. Totten.
HEAVES,A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, withheaving of
the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough;broken wind.
HEAVILY,subject to much traffic or travel; as, the region's mostheavily traveled
highways.Syn. -- heavily traveled.[WordNet 1.5]
HEAVINESS,The state or quality of being heavy in its various senses;weight;
sadness; sluggishness; oppression; thickness.
HEAVING,A lifting or rising; a swell; a panting or deep sighing.Addison. Shak.
HEAVISOME,Heavy; dull. [Prov.]
HEAVY SPAR,Native barium sulphate or barite, -- so called because of itshigh
specific gravity as compared with other non-metallic minerals.
HEAVY,Having the heaves.
HEAVY-ARMED,Wearing heavy or complete armor; carrying heavy arms.
HEAVY-HADED,Clumsy; awkward.
HEAVY-HEADED,Dull; stupid. "Gross heavy-headed fellows." Beau. & Fl.
HEBDOMAD,A week; a period of seven days. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
HEBDOMADALLY,In periods of seven days; weekly. Lowell.
HEBDOMADARY,A member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is to officiatein the
choir, and perform other services, which, on extraordinaryoccasions, are performed
by the superiors.
HEBDOMATICAL,Weekly; hebdomadal. [Obs.]
HEBE,The goddess of youth, daughter of Jupiter and Juno. She wasbelieved to have
the power of restoring youth and beauty to those whohad lost them.
HEBEN,Ebony. [Obs.] Spenser.
HEBENON,See Henbane. [Obs.] Shak.
HEBETATE,To render obtuse; to dull; to blunt; to stupefy; as, tohebetate the
intellectual faculties. Southey
HEBETE,Dull; stupid. [Obs.]
HEBETUDE,Dullness; stupidity. Harvey.
HEBRAIC,Of or pertaining to the Hebrews, or to the language of theHebrews.
HEBRAICALLY,After the manner of the Hebrews or of the Hebrew language.
HEBRAIST,One versed in the Hebrew language and learning.
HEBRAISTIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, the Hebrew language or idiom.
HEBRAISTICALLY,In a Hebraistic sense or form.Which is Hebraistically used in the
New Testament. Kitto.
HEBRAIZE,To convert into the Hebrew idiom; to make Hebrew or Hebraistic.J. R.
Smith.
HEBREW CALENDAR,= Jewish calendar.
HEBREW,Of or pertaining to the Hebrews; as, the Hebrew language orrites.
HEBREWESS,An Israelitish woman.
HEBRICIAN,A Hebraist. [R.]
HECATOMB,A sacrifice of a hundred oxen or cattle at the same time;hence, the
sacrifice or slaughter of any large number of victims.Slaughtered hecatombs around
them bleed. Addison.More than a human hecatomb. Byron.
HECATOMPEDON,A name given to the old Parthenon at Athens, because measuring100
Greek feet, probably in the width across the stylobate.
HECDECANE,A white, semisolid, spermaceti-like hydrocarbon, C16H34, of theparaffin
series, found dissolved as an important ingredient ofkerosene, and so called
because each molecule has sixteen atoms ofcarbon; -- called also hexadecane.
HECK,An apparatus for separating the threads of warps into sets, asthey are wound
upon the reel from the bobbins, in a warping machine.
HECKIMAL,The European blue titmouse (Parus coeruleus). [Written alsoheckimel,
hackeymal, hackmall, hagmall, and hickmall.]
HECKLE,Same as Hackle.
HECTARE,A measure of area, or superficies, containing a hundred ares,or 10,000
square meters, and equivalent to 2.471 acres.
HECTIC,Hectic fever.
HECTOCOTYLIZED,Changed into a hectocotylus; having a hectocotylis.
HECTOCOTYLUS,One of the arms of the male of most kinds of cephalopods, whichis
specially modified in various ways to effect the fertilization ofthe eggs. In a
special sense, the greatly modified arm of Argonautaand allied genera, which, after
receiving the spermatophores, becomesdetached from the male, and attaches itself to
the female forreproductive purposes.
HECTOGRAM,A measure of weight, containing a hundred grams, or about 3.527ounces
avoirdupois.
HECTOGRAMME,The same as Hectogram.
HECTOGRAPH,A contrivance for multiple copying, by means of a surface ofgelatin
softened with glycerin. [Written also hectograph.]
HECTOR,A bully; a blustering, turbulent, insolent, fellow; one whovexes or
provokes.
HECTORISM,The disposition or the practice of a hector; a bullying. [R.]
HECTORLY,Resembling a hector; blustering; insolent; taunting. "Hectorly,ruffianlike
swaggering or huffing." Barrow.
HECTOSTERE,A measure of solidity, containing one hundred cubic meters,
andequivalent to 3531.66 English or 3531.05 United States cubic feet.
HEDDLE,One of the sets of parallel doubled threads which, withmounting, compose the
harness employed to guide the warp threads tothe lathe or batten in a loom.
HEDDLE-EYE,The eye or loop formed in each heddle to receive a warp thread.
HEDDLING,The act of drawing the warp threads through the heddle-eyes ofa weaver's
harness; the harness itself. Knight.
HEDERACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, ivy.
HEDERAL,Of or pertaining to ivy.
HEDERIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the ivy (Hedera); as, hedericacid, an acid
of the acetylene series.
HEDERIFEROUS,Producing ivy; ivy-bearing.
HEDEROSE,Pertaining to, or of, ivy; full of ivy.
HEDGE,A thicket of bushes, usually thorn bushes; especially, such athicket planted
as a fence between any two portions of land; and alsoany sort of shrubbery, as
evergreens, planted in a line or as afence; particularly, such a thicket planted
round a field to fenceit, or in rows to separate the parts of a garden.The roughest
berry on the rudest hedge. Shak.Through the verdant maze Of sweetbrier hedges I
pursue my walk.Thomson.
HEDGEBORN,Born under a hedge; of low birth. Shak.
HEDGEBOTE,Same as Haybote.
HEDGEHOG,A small European insectivore (Erinaceus Europæus), and otherallied species
of Asia and Africa, having the hair on the upper partof its body mixed with
prickles or spines. It is able to roll itselfinto a ball so as to present the
spines outwardly in every direction.It is nocturnal in its habits, feeding chiefly
upon insects.
HEDGELESS,Having no hedge.
HEDGEPIG,A young hedgehog. Shak.
HEDGER,One who makes or mends hedges; also, one who hedges, as, inbetting.
HEDGEROW,A row of shrubs, or trees, planted for inclosure or separationof fields.By
hedgerow elms and hillocks green. Milton.
HEDGING BILL,A hedge bill. See under Hedge.
HEDONICS,That branch of moral philosophy which treats of the relation ofduty to
pleasure; the science of practical, positive enjoyment orpleasure. J. Grote.
HEDONIST,One who believes in hedonism.
HEDONISTIC,Same as Hedonic, 2.
HEED,To mind; to regard with care; to take notice of; to attend to;to observe.With
pleasure Argus the musician heeds. Dryden.
HEEDFUL,Full of heed; regarding with care; cautious; circumspect;attentive;
vigilant. Shak.-- Heed"ful*ly, adv.-- Heed"ful*ness, n.
HEEDLESS,Without heed or care; inattentive; careless; thoughtless;unobservant.O,
negligent and heedless discipline! Shak.The heedless lover does not know Whose eyes
they are that wound himso. Waller.-- Heed"less*ly, adv.-- Heed"less*ness, n.
HEEDY,Heedful. [Obs.] "Heedy shepherds." Spenser.-- Heed"i*ly, adv. [Obs.] --
Heed"i*ness, n. [Obs.] Spenser.
HEEL,To lean or tip to one side, as a ship; as, the ship heelsaport; the boat
heeled over when the squall struck it. Heeling error(Naut.), a deviation of the
compass caused by the heeling of an ironvessel to one side or the other.
HEELBALL,A composition of wax and lampblack, used by shoemakers forpolishing, and
by antiquaries in copying inscriptions.
HEELLESS,Without a heel.
HEELPATH,The bank of a canal opposite, and corresponding to, that of thetowpath;
berm. [U. S.]
HEELPOST,The post to which a gate or door is hinged.
HEELSPUR,A slender bony or cartilaginous process developed from the heelbone of
bats. It helps to support the wing membranes. See Illust. ofCheiropter.
HEELTAP,To add a piece of leather to the heel of (a shoe, boot, etc.)
HEELTOOL,A tool used by turners in metal, having a bend forming a heelnear the
cutting end.
HEEMRAAD,In Holland, and, until the 19th century, also in Cape Colony, acouncil to
assist a local magistrate in the government of ruraldistricts; hence, also, a
member of such a council.
HEEP,The hip of the dog-rose. [Obs.]
HEER,A yarn measure of six hundred yards or of a spindle. SeeSpindle.
HEFT,Same as Haft, n. [Obs.] Waller.
HEFTY,Moderately heavy. [Colloq. U. S.]
HEGELIAN,Pertaining to Hegelianism.-- n.
HEGEMONY,Leadership; preponderant influence or authority; -- usuallyapplied to the
relation of a government or state to its neighbors orconfederates. Lieber.
HEGGE,A hedge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEGIRA,The flight of Mohammed from Mecca, September 13, A. D. 622(subsequently
established as the first year of the Moslem era);hence, any flight or exodus
regarded as like that of Mohammed.
HEIFER,A young cow.
HEIGH-HO,An exclamation of surprise, joy, dejection, uneasiness,weariness, etc.
Shak.
HEIGHTENER,One who, or that which, heightens.
HEINOUS,Hateful; hatefully bad; flagrant; odious; atrocious; givinggreat great
offense; -- applied to deeds or to character.It were most heinous and accursed
sacrilege. Hooker.How heinous had the fact been, how deserving Contempt! Milton.
HEIR,To inherit; to succeed to. [R.]One only daughter heired the royal state.
Dryden.
HEIRDOM,The state of an heir; succession by inheritance. Burke.
HEIRESS,, A female heir.
HEIRLESS,Destitute of an heir. Shak.
HEIRLOOM,Any furniture, movable, or personal chattel, which by law orspecial custom
descends to the heir along with the inheritance; anypiece of personal property that
has been in a family for severalgenerations.Woe to him whose daring hand profanes
The honored heirlooms of hisancestors. Moir.
HEIRSHIP,The state, character, or privileges of an heir; right ofinheriting.
Heirship movables, certain kinds of movables which theheir is entitled to take,
besides the heritable estate. [Scot.]
HEJIRA,See Hegira.
HEKTOGRAPH,See Hectograph.
HELAMYS,See Jumping hare, under Hare.
HELCOPLASTY,The act or process of repairing lesions made by ulcers,especially by a
plastic operation.
HELD,imp. & p. p. of Hold.
HELE,Health; welfare. [Obs.] "In joy and perfyt hele." Chaucer.
HELENA,See St. Elmo's fire, under Saint.
HELENIN,A neutral organic substance found in the root of the elecampane(Inula
helenium), and extracted as a white crystalline or oilymaterial, with a slightly
bitter taste.
HELIAC,Heliacal.
HELIACAL,Emerging from the light of the sun, or passing into it; risingor setting
at the same, or nearly the same, time as the sun. Sir T.Browne.
HELIACALLY,In a heliacal manner. De Quincey.
HELIANTHIN,An artificial, orange dyestuff, analogous to tropaolin, andlike it used
as an indicator in alkalimetry; -- called also methylorange.
HELIANTHOID,Of or pertaining to the Helianthoidea.
HELIANTHOIDEA,An order of Anthozoa; the Actinaria.
HELICAL,Of or pertaining to, or in the form of, a helix; spiral; as, ahelical
staircase; a helical spring.-- Hel"i*cal*ly, adv.
HELICHRYSUM,A genus of composite plants, with shining, commonly white oryellow, or
sometimes reddish, radiated involucres, which are oftencalled "everlasting
flowers."
HELICIFORM,Having the form of a helix; spiral.
HELICIN,A glucoside obtained as a white crystalline substance bypartial oxidation
of salicin, from a willow (Salix Helix of Linnæus.)
HELICINE,Curled; spiral; helicoid; -- applied esp. to certain arteriesof the penis.
HELICOGRAPH,An instrument for drawing spiral lines on a plane.
HELICOID,Shaped like a snail shell; pertaining to the Helicidæ, or Snailfamily.
Helicoid parabola (Math.), the parabolic spiral.
HELICOIDAL,Same as Helicoid.-- Hel`i*coid"al*ly, adv.
HELICON,A mountain in Boeotia, in Greece, supposed by the Greeks to bethe residence
of Apollo and the Muses.From Helicon's harmonious springs A thousand rills their
mazyprogress take. Gray.
HELICONIA,One of numerous species of Heliconius, a genus of tropicalAmerican
butterflies. The wings are usually black, marked with green,crimson, and white.
HELICONIAN,Like or pertaining to the butterflies of the genus Heliconius.
HELICOTREMA,The opening by which the two scalæ communicate at the top ofthe cochlea
of the ear.
HELIO-,A combining form from Gr. "h`lios the sun.
HELIOCHROME,A photograph in colors. R. Hunt.
HELIOCHROMIC,Pertaining to, or produced by, heliochromy.
HELIOCHROMY,The art of producing photographs in color.
HELIOGRAM,A message transmitted by a heliograph.
HELIOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to heliography or a heliograph; made byheliography.
Heliographic chart. See under Chart.
HELIOGRAPHY,Photography. R. Hunt.
HELIOGRAVURE,The process of photographic engraving.
HELIOLATER,A worshiper of the sun.
HELIOLATRY,Sun worship. See Sabianism.
HELIOLITE,A fossil coral of the genus Heliolites, having twelve-rayedcells. It is
found in the Silurian rocks.
HELIOMETER,An instrument devised originally for measuring the diameter ofthe sun;
now employed for delicate measurements of the distance andrelative direction of two
stars too far apart to be easily measuredin the field of view of an ordinary
telescope.
HELIOMETRY,The apart or practice of measuring the diameters of heavenlybodies,
their relative distances, etc. See Heliometer.
HELIOPORA,An East Indian stony coral now known to belong to theAlcyonaria; --
called also blue coral.
HELIOSCOPE,A telescope or instrument for viewing the sun without injury tothe eyes,
as through colored glasses, or with mirrors which reflectbut a small portion of
light.-- He`li*o*scop`ic, a.
HELIOSTAT,An instrument consisting of a mirror moved by clockwork, bywhich a
sunbeam is made apparently stationary, by being steadilydirected to one spot during
the whole of its diurnal period; also, ageodetic heliotrope.
HELIOTROPE,An instrument or machine for showing when the sun arrived atthe tropics
and equinoctial line.
HELIOTROPER,The person at a geodetic station who has charge of theheliotrope.
HELIOTROPIC,Manifesting heliotropism; turning toward the sun.
HELIOTROPISM,The phenomenon of turning toward the light, seen in many leavesand
flowers.
HELIOTYPE,A picture obtained by the process of heliotypy.
HELIOTYPIC,Relating to, or obtained by, heliotypy.
HELIOTYPY,A method of transferring pictures from photographic negativesto hardened
gelatin plates from which impressions are produced onpaper as by lithography.
HELIOZOA,An order of fresh-water rhizopods having a more or lessglobular form, with
slender radiating pseudopodia; the sunanimalcule.
HELIUM,A gaseous element found in the atmospheres of the sun and earthand in some
rare minerals.
HELIX,A nonplane curve whose tangents are all equally inclined to agiven plane. The
common helix is the curve formed by the thread ofthe ordinary screw. It is
distinguished from the spiral, all theconvolutions of which are in the plane.
HELL,To overwhelm. [Obs.] Spenser.
HELL-CAT,A witch; a hag. Middleton.
HELL-DIVER,The dabchick.
HELL-HAUNTED,Haunted by devils; hellish. Dryden.
HELLANODIC,A judge or umpire in games or combats.
HELLBENDER,A large North American aquatic salamander (Protonopsis horridaor
Menopoma Alleghaniensis). It is very voracious and very tenaciousof life. Also
called alligator, and water dog.
HELLBORN,Born in or of hell. Shak.
HELLBRED,Produced in hell. Spenser.
HELLBREWED,Prepared in hell. Milton.
HELLBROTH,A composition for infernal purposes; a magical preparation.Shak.
HELLDOOMED,Doomed to hell. Milton.
HELLEBORE,A genus of perennial herbs (Helleborus) of the Crowfoot family,mostly
having powerfully cathartic and even poisonous qualities. H.niger is the European
black hellebore, or Christmas rose, blossomingin winter or earliest spring. H.
officinalis was the officinalhellebore of the ancients.
HELLEBOREIN,A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in severalspecies of
hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substancewith a bittersweet taste.
It has a strong action on the heart,resembling digitalin.
HELLEBORIN,A poisonous glucoside found in several species of hellebore,and
extracted as a white crystalline substance with a sharp tinglingtaste. It possesses
the essential virtues of the plant; -- calledalso elleborin.
HELLEBORISM,The practice or theory of using hellebore as a medicine.
HELLENE,A native of either ancient or modern Greece; a Greek. Brewer.
HELLENIAN,Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or Greeks.
HELLENIC,Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or inhabitants of Greece;Greek; Grecian.
"The Hellenic forces." Jowett (Thucyd. ).
HELLENIST,Pertaining to the Hellenists. Hellenistic language, dialect, oridiom, the
Greek spoken or used by the Jews who lived in countrieswhere the Greek language
prevailed; the Jewish-Greek dialect or idiomof the Septuagint.
HELLENISTICALLY,According to the Hellenistic manner or dialect. J. Gregory.
HELLENIZE,To use the Greek language; to play the Greek; to Grecize.
HELLENOTYPE,See Ivorytype.
HELLESPONT,A narrow strait between Europe and Asia, now called theDaradanelles. It
connects the Ægean Sea and the sea of Marmora.
HELLESPONTINE,Of or pertaining to the Hellespont. Mitford.
HELLHAG,A hag of or fit for hell. Bp. Richardson.
HELLHOUND,A dog of hell; an agent of hell.A hellhound, that doth hunt us all to
death. Shak.
HELLIER,One who heles or covers; hence, a tiler, slater, or thatcher.[Obs.]
[Written also heler.] Usher.
HELLISH,Of or pertaining to hell; like hell; infernal; malignant;wicked;
detestable; diabolical. "Hellish hate." Milton.-- Hell"ish*ly, adv.--
Hell"ish*ness, n.
HELLKITE,A kite of infernal breed. Shak.
HELLO,See Halloo.
HELLWARD,Toward hell. Pope.
HELLY,Hellish. Anderson (1573).
HELM,See Haulm, straw.
HELMAGE,Guidance; direction. [R.]
HELMED,Covered with a helmet.The helmed cherubim Are seen in glittering ranks.
Milton.
HELMET,A defensive covering for the head. See Casque, Headpiece,Morion, Sallet, and
Illust. of Beaver.
HELMET-SHAPED,Shaped like a helmet; galeate. See Illust. of Galeate.
HELMETED,Wearing a helmet; furnished with or having a helmet or helmet-shaped part;
galeate.
HELMINTH,An intestinal worm, or wormlike intestinal parasite; one of theHelminthes.
HELMINTHAGOGUE,A vermifuge.
HELMINTHES,One of the grand divisions or branches of the animal kingdom.It is a
large group including a vast number of species, most of whichare parasitic. Called
also Enthelminthes, Enthelmintha.
HELMINTHIASIS,A disease in which worms are present in some part of the body.
HELMINTHIC,Of or relating to worms, or Helminthes; expelling worms.-- n.
HELMINTHITE,One of the sinuous tracks on the surfaces of many stones, andpopularly
considered as worm trails.
HELMINTHOID,Wormlike; vermiform.
HELMINTHOLOGIST,One versed in helminthology.
HELMINTHOLOGY,The natural history, or study, of worms, esp. parasitic worms.
HELMSMAN,The man at the helm; a steersman.
HELMWIND,A wind attending or presaged by the cloud called helm. [Prov.Eng.]
HELOT,A slave in ancient Sparta; a Spartan serf; hence, a slave orserf.Those
unfortunates, the Helots of mankind, more or less numerous inevery community. I.
Taylor.
HELOTISM,The condition of the Helots or slaves in Sparta; slavery.
HELOTRY,The Helots, collectively; slaves; bondsmen. "The Helotry ofMammon."
Macaulay.
HELP,To lend aid or assistance; to contribute strength or means; toavail or be of
use; to assist.A generous present helps to persuade, as well as an agreeable
person.Garth.To help out, to lend aid; to bring a supply.
HELPER,One who, or that which, helps, aids, assists, or relieves; as,a lay helper
in a parish.Thou art the helper of the fatherless. Ps. x. 14.Compassion . . .
oftentimes a helper of evils. Dr. H. More.
HELPFUL,Furnishing help; giving aid; assistant; useful; salutary.Heavens make our
presence and our practices Pleasant and helpful tohim! Shak.-- Help"ful*ly, adv.--
Help"ful*ness, n. Milton.
HELPMATE,A helper; a companion; specifically, a wife.In Minorca the ass and the hog
are common helpmates, and are yokedtogether in order to turn up the land. Pennant.A
waiting woman was generally considered as the most suitablehelpmate for a parson.
Macaulay.
HELPMEET,A wife; a helpmate.The Lord God created Adam, . . . and afterwards, on his
finding thewant of a helpmeet, caused him to sleep, and took one of his ribs
andthence made woman. J. H. Newman.
HELTER-SKELTER,In hurry and confusion; without definite purpose; irregularly.
[Colloq.]Helter-skelter have I rode to thee. Shak.A wistaria vine running helter-
skelter across the roof. J. C. Harris.
HELVE,To furnish with a helve, as an ax.
HELVETIAN,Same as Helvetic.-- n.
HELVETIC,Of or pertaining to the Helvetii, the ancient inhabitant of theAlps, now
Switzerland, or to the modern states and inhabitant of theAlpine regions; as, the
Helvetic confederacy; Helvetic states.
HEM,Them [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEMA-,Same as Hæma-.
HEMACHATE,A species of agate, sprinkled with spots of red jasper.
HEMACHROME,Same as Hæmachrome.
HEMACITE,A composition made from blood, mixed with mineral or vegetablesubstances,
used for making buttons, door knobs, etc.
HEMADYNAMICS,The principles of dynamics in their application to the blood;that part
of science which treats of the motion of the blood.
HEMADYNAMOMETER,An instrument by which the pressure of the blood in thearteries, or
veins, is measured by the height to which it will raisea column of mercury; --
called also a hæmomanometer.
HEMAL,Relating to the blood or blood vessels; pertaining to, situatedin the region
of, or on the side with, the heart and great bloodvessels; -- opposed to neural.
HEMAPHAEIN,Same as Hæmaphæin.
HEMAPOPHYSIS,The second element in each half of a hemal arch, correspondingto the
sternal part of a rib. Owen.-- Hem`a*po*phys"i*al, a.
HEMASTATICS,Laws relating to the equilibrium of the blood in the bloodvessels.
HEMATACHOMETER,Same as Hæmatachometer.
HEMATEIN,A reddish brown or violet crystalline substance, C16H12O6, gotfrom
hematoxylin by partial oxidation, and regarded as analogous tothe phthaleins.
HEMATEMESIS,A vomiting of blood.
HEMATHERM,A warm-blooded animal. [R.]
HEMATHERMAL,Warm-blooded; hematothermal. [R]
HEMATIC,Same as Hæmatic.
HEMATIN,A bluish black, amorphous substance containing iron andobtained from blood.
It exists the red blood corpuscles united withglobulin, and the form of hemoglobin
or oxyhemoglobin gives to theblood its red color.
HEMATINIC,Any substance, such as an iron salt or organic compoundcontaining iron,
which when ingested tends to increase the hemoglobincontents of the blood.
HEMATINOMETER,A form of hemoglobinometer.
HEMATINOMETRIC,Relating to the measurement of the amount of hematin orhemoglobin
contained in blood, or other fluids.
HEMATINON,A red consisting of silica, borax, and soda, fused with oxideof copper
and iron, and used in enamels, mosaics, etc.
HEMATITE,An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because ofthe red
color of the powder. It occurs in splendent rhombohedralcrystals, and in massive
and earthy forms; -- the last called redocher. Called also specular iron, oligist
iron, rhombohedral ironore, and bloodstone. See Brown hematite, under Brown.
HEMATITIC,Of or pertaining to hematite, or resembling it.
HEMATO,See Hæma-.
HEMATOCELE,A tumor filled with blood.
HEMATOCRYA,The cold-blooded vertebrates, that is, all but the mammals andbirds; --
the antithesis to Hematotherma.
HEMATOCRYSTALLIN,See Hemoglobin.
HEMATOID,Resembling blood.
HEMATOIDIN,A crystalline or amorphous pigment, free from iron, formed fromhematin
in old blood stains, and in old hemorrhages in the body. Itresembles bilirubin.
When present in the corpora lutea it is calledhæmolutein.
HEMATOLOGY,The science which treats of the blood.
HEMATOMA,A circumscribed swelling produced by an effusion of bloodbeneath the skin.
HEMATOPHILIA,A condition characterized by a tendency to profuse anduncontrollable
hemorrhage from the slightest wounds.
HEMATOSIN,The hematin of blood. [R.]
HEMATOTHERMA,The warm-blooded vertebrates, comprising the mammals and birds;-- the
antithesis to hematocrya.
HEMATOTHERMAL,Warm-blooded.
HEMATOXYLIN,Hæmatoxylin.
HEMATURIA,Passage of urine mingled with blood.
HEMAUTOGRAPHY,The obtaining of a curve similar to a pulse curve orsphygmogram by
allowing the blood from a divided artery to strikeagainst a piece of paper.
HEMERALOPIA,A disease of the eyes, in consequence of which a person can seeclearly
or without pain only by daylight or a strong artificiallight; day sight.
HEMEROBIAN,A neuropterous insect of the genus Hemerobius, and alliedgenera.
HEMEROBID,Of relating to the hemerobians.
HEMEROCALLIS,A genus of plants, some species of which are cultivated fortheir
beautiful flowers; day lily.
HEMI-,A prefix signifying half.
HEMI-DEMI-SEMIQUAVER,A short note, equal to one fourth of a semiquaver, or
thesixty-fourth part of a whole note.
HEMIALBUMIN,Same as Hemialbumose.
HEMIALBUMOSE,An albuminous substance formed in gastric digestion, and by theaction
of boiling dilute acids on albumin. It is readily convertibleinto hemipeptone.
Called also hemialbumin.
HEMIANAESTHESIA,Anæsthesia upon one side of the body.
HEMIBRANCHI,An order of fishes having an incomplete or reduced branchialapparatus.
It includes the sticklebacks, the flutemouths, andFistularia.
HEMICARDIA,A lateral half of the heart, either the right or left. B. G.Wilder.
HEMICARP,One portion of a fruit that spontaneously divides into halves.
HEMICEREBRUM,A lateral half of the cerebrum. Wilder.
HEMICOLLIN,See Semiglutin.
HEMICRANIA,A pain that affects only one side of the head.
HEMICRANY,Hemicranis.
HEMIDACTYL,Any species of Old World geckoes of the genus Hemidactylus.
Thehemidactyls have dilated toes, with two rows of plates beneath.
HEMIDITONE,The lesser third. Busby.
HEMIGAMOUS,Having one of the two florets in the same spikelet neuter, andthe other
unisexual, whether male or female; -- said of grasses.
HEMIGLYPH,The half channel or groove in the edge of the triglyph in theDoric order.
HEMIHEDRAL,Having half of the similar parts of a crystals, instead of
all;consisting of half the planes which full symmetry would require, aswhen a cube
has planes only on half of its eight solid angles, or oneplane out of a pair on
each of its edges; or as in the case of atetrahedron, which is hemihedral to an
octahedron, it being containedunder four of the planes of an octahedron.--
Hem`i*he"dral*ly, adv.
HEMIHEDRISM,The property of crystallizing hemihedrally.
HEMIHEDRON,A solid hemihedrally derived. The tetrahedron is a hemihedron.
HEMIHOLOHEDRAL,Presenting hemihedral forms, in which half the sectants havethe full
number of planes.
HEMIMELLITIC,Having half as many (three) carboxyl radicals as mellitic acid;-- said
of an organic acid.
HEMIMETABOLA,Those insects which have an incomplete metamorphosis.
HEMIMETABOLIC,Having an incomplete metamorphosis, the larvæ differing fromthe
adults chiefly in laking wings, as in the grasshoppers andcockroaches.
HEMIMORPHIC,Having the two ends modified with unlike planes; -- said of acrystal.
HEMIN,A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic,prismatic crystals,
formed from dried blood by the action of strongacetic acid and common salt; --
called also Teichmann's crystals.Chemically, it is a hydrochloride of hematin.
HEMINA,A measure of half a sextary. Arbuthnot.
HEMIONUS,A wild ass found in Thibet; the kiang. Darwin.
HEMIORTHOTYPE,Same as Monoclinic.
HEMIPEPTONE,A product of the gastric and pancreatic digestion of albuminousmatter.
HEMIPLEGIA,A palsy that affects one side only of the body.-- Hem`i"pleg"ic, a.
HEMIPLEGY,Hemiplegia.
HEMIPODE,Any bird of the genus Turnix. Various species inhabit Asia,Africa, and
Australia.
HEMIPROTEIN,An insoluble, proteid substance, described by Schützenberger,formed
when albumin is heated for some time with dilute sulphuricacid. It is apparently
identical with antialbumid and dyspeptone.
HEMIPTER,One of the Hemiptera.
HEMIPTERA,An order of hexapod insects having a jointed proboscis,including four
sharp stylets (mandibles and maxillæ), for piercing.In many of the species
(Heteroptera) the front wings are partiallycoriaceous, and different from the
others.
HEMIPTERAN,One of the Hemiptera; an hemipter.
HEMISECT,To divide along the mesial plane.
HEMISECTION,A division along the mesial plane; also, one of the parts sodivided.
HEMISPHERE,Containing, or pertaining to, a hemisphere; as, a hemisphericfigure or
form; a hemispherical body.
HEMISPHEROID,A half of a spheroid.
HEMISPHEROIDAL,Resembling, or approximating to, a hemisphere in form.
HEMISPHERULE,A half spherule.
HEMISTICH,Half a poetic verse or line, or a verse or line not completed.
HEMISTICHAL,Pertaining to, or written in, hemistichs; also, by, oraccording to,
hemistichs; as, a hemistichal division of a verse.
HEMISYSTOLE,Contraction of only one ventricle of the heart.
HEMITONE,See Semitone.
HEMITROPE,Half turned round; half inverted; (Crystallog.) having atwinned
structure.
HEMITROPY,Twin composition in crystals.
HEMLOCK,The name of several poisonous umbelliferous herbs having finelycut leaves
and small white flowers, as the Cicuta maculata,bulbifera, and virosa, and the
Conium maculatum. See Conium.
HEMMEL,A shed or hovel for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
HEMMER,One who, or that which, hems with a needle. Specifically:(a) An attachment
to a sewing machine, for turning under the edge ofa piece of fabric, preparatory to
stitching it down.(b) A tool for turning over the edge of sheet metal to make a
hem.
HEMO-,Same as Hæma-, Hæmo-.
HEMOGLOBIN,The normal coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles ofvertebrate
animals. It is composed of hematin and globulin, and isalso called hæmatoglobulin.
In arterial blood, it is always combinedwith oxygen, and is then called
oxyhemoglobin. It crystallizes underdifferent forms from different animals, and
when crystallized, iscalled hæmatocrystallin. See Blood crystal, under Blood.
HEMOGLOBINOMETER,Same as Hæmochromometer.
HEMOPHILIA,See Hematophilia.
HEMOPTYSIS,The expectoration of blood, due usually to hemorrhage from themucous
membrane of the lungs.
HEMORRHAGE,Any discharge of blood from the blood vessels.
HEMORRHAGIC,Pertaining or tending to a flux o
HEMORRHOIDAL,Of or pertaining to the rectum; rectal; as, the hemorrhoidalarteries,
veins, and nerves.
HEMORRHOIDS,Livid and painful swellings formed by the dilation of the bloodvessels
around the margin of, or within, the anus, from which bloodor mucus is occasionally
discharged; piles; emerods. [The sing.hemorrhoid is rarely used.]
HEMOSTATIC,Of or relating to stagnation of the blood.
HEMOTHORAX,An effusion of blood into the cavity of the pleura.
HEMP,A plant of the genus Cannabis (C. sativa), the fibrous skin orbark of which is
used for making cloth and cordage. The name is alsoapplied to various other plants
yielding fiber.
HEMPY,Like hemp. [R.] Howell.
HEMSTITCH,To ornament at the head of a broad hem by drawing out a fewparallel
threads, and fastening the cross threads in successive smallclusters; as, to
hemstitch a handkerchief.
HEMSTITCHED,Having a broad hem separated from the body of the article by aline of
open work; as, a hemistitched handkerchief.
HEMUSE,The roebuck in its third year. [Prov. Eng.]
HEN,The female of the domestic fowl; also, the female of grouse,pheasants, or any
kind of birds; as, the heath hen; the gray hen.
HEN-HEARTED,Cowardly; timid; chicken-hearted. Udall.
HENBANE,A plant of the genus Hyoscyamus (H. niger). All parts of theplant are
poisonous, and the leaves are used for the same purposes asbelladonna. It is
poisonous to domestic fowls; whence the name.Called also, stinking nightshade, from
the fetid odor of the plant.See Hyoscyamus.
HENBIT,A weed of the genus Lamium (L. amplexicaule) with deeplycrenate leaves.
HENCE,To send away. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
HENCEFORTH,From this time forward; henceforward.I never from thy side henceforth to
stray. Milton.
HENCEFORWARD,From this time forward; henceforth.
HENCHBOY,A page; a servant. [Obs.]
HENCHMAN,An attendant; a servant; a follower. Now chiefly used as apolitical cant
term.
HENCOOP,A coop or cage for hens.
HENDECAGON,A plane figure of eleven sides and eleven angles. [Written
alsoendecagon.]
HENDECANE,A hydrocarbon, C11H24, of the paraffin series; -- so calledbecause it has
eleven atoms of carbon in each molecule. Called alsoendecane, undecane.
HENDECASYLLABIC,Pertaining to a line of eleven syllables.
HENDECASYLLABLE,A metrical line of eleven syllables. J. Warton.
HENDECATOIC,Undecylic; pertaining to, or derived from, hendecane; as,hendecatoic
acid.
HENDIADYS,A figure in which the idea is expressed by two nouns connectedby and,
instead of by a noun and limiting adjective; as, we drinkfrom cups and gold, for
golden cups.
HENDY,See Hende.
HENEN,Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HENG,Hung. Chaucer.
HENHOUSE,A house or shelter for fowls.
HENHUSSY,A cotquean; a man who intermeddles with women's concerns.
HENIQUEN,See Jeniquen.
HENNA,A thorny tree or shrub of the genus Lawsonia (L. alba). Thefragrant white
blossoms are used by the Buddhists in religiousceremonies. The powdered leaves
furnish a red coloring matter used inthe East to stain the hails and fingers, the
manes of horses, etc.
HENNERY,An inclosed place for keeping hens. [U. S.]
HENNES,Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HENNOTANNIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a brown resinous substanceresembling
tannin, and extracted from the henna plant; as,hennotannic acid.
HENOTHEISM,Primitive religion in which each of several divinities isregarded as
independent, and is worshiped without reference to therest. [R.]
HENOTIC,Harmonizing; irenic. Gladstone.
HENPECK,To subject to petty authority; -- said of a wife who thustreats her
husband. Commonly used in the past participle (oftenadjectively).
HENRIETTA CLOTH,A fine wide wooled fabric much used for women's dresses.
HENROOST,A place where hens roost.
HENRY,The unit of electric induction; the induction in a circuit whenthe electro-
motive force induced in this circuit is one volt, whilethe inducing current varies
at the rate of one ampère a second.
HENT,To seize; to lay hold on; to catch; to get. [Obs.] PiersPlowman. Spenser.This
cursed Jew him hente and held him fast. Chaucer.But all that he might of his
friendes hente On bookes and on learninghe it spente. Chaucer.
HENWARE,A coarse, blackish seaweed. See Badderlocks.
HENXMAN,Henchman. [Obs.]
HEP TREE,The wild dog-rose.
HEP,See Hip, the fruit of the dog-rose.
HEPAR,Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown color, sometimesused in
medicine. It is formed by fusing sulphur with carbonates ofthe alkalies (esp.
potassium), and consists essentially of alkalinesulphides. Called also hepar
sulphuris (.
HEPATIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, the plants called Hepaticæ, orscale mosses
and liverworts. Hepatic duct (Anat.), any biliary duct;esp., the duct, or one of
the ducts, which carries the bile from theliver to the cystic and common bile
ducts. See Illust., underDigestive.-- Hepatic gas (Old Chem.), sulphureted hydrogen
gas.-- Hepatic mercurial ore, or Hepatic cinnabar. See under Cinnabar.
HEPATICA,A genus of pretty spring flowers closely related to Anemone;squirrel cup.
HEPATICAL,Hepatic. [R.]
HEPATITE,A variety of barite emitting a fetid odor when rubbed orheated.
HEPATITIS,Inflammation of the liver.
HEPATIZATION,Impregnating with sulphureted hydrogen gas. [Obs.]
HEPATO-PANCREAS,A digestive gland in Crustacea, Mollusca, etc., usually calledthe
liver, but different from the liver of vertebrates.
HEPATOCELE,Hernia of the liver.
HEPATOCYSTIC,Of or pertaining to the liver and gall bladder; as, thehepatocystic
ducts.
HEPATOGASTRIC,See Gastrohepatic.
HEPATOLOGY,The science which treats of the liver; a treatise on the liver.
HEPATORENAL,Of or pertaining to the liver and kidneys; as, the hepatorenalligament.
HEPATOSCOPY,Divination by inspecting the liver of animals.
HEPPELWHITE,Designating a light and elegant style developed in Englandunder George
III., chiefly by Messrs. A.Heppelwhite & Co.
HEPPEN,Neat; fit; comfortable. [Obs.]
HEPPER,A young salmon; a parr.
HEPTA,A combining form from Gr. "epta`, seven.
HEPTACHORD,A composition sung to the sound of seven chords or tones. Moore(Encyc.
of Music).
HEPTAD,An atom which has a valence of seven, and which can betheoretically combined
with, substituted for, or replaced by, sevenmonad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is
a heptad in iodic acid. Alsoused as an adjective.
HEPTADE,The sum or number of seven.
HEPTAGLOT,A book in seven languages.
HEPTAGON,A plane figure consisting of seven sides and having sevenangles.
HEPTAGONAL,Having seven angles or sides. Heptagonal numbers (Arith.), thenumbers of
the series 1, 7, 18, 34, 55, etc., being figurate numbersformed by adding
successively the terms of the arithmetical series 1,6, 11, 16, 21, etc.
HEPTAGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants having seven pistils.
HEPTAHEDRON,A solid figure with seven sides.
HEPTAMEROUS,Consisting of seven parts, or having the parts in sets ofsevens. Gray.
HEPTANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants having seven stamens.
HEPTANE,Any one of several isometric hydrocarbons, C7H16, of theparaffin series
(nine are possible, four are known); -- so calledbecause the molecule has seven
carbon atoms. Specifically, acolorless liquid, found as a constituent of petroleum,
in the tar oilof cannel coal, etc.
HEPTANGULAR,Having seven angles.
HEPTAPHYLLOUS,Having seven leaves.
HEPTARCH,Same as Heptarchist.
HEPTARCHIC,Of or pertaining to a heptarchy; constituting or consisting ofa
heptarchy. T. Warton.
HEPTARCHIST,A ruler of one division of a heptarchy. [Written alsoheptarch.]
HEPTARCHY,A government by seven persons; also, a country under sevenrulers.
HEPTASPERMOUS,Having seven seeds.
HEPTASTICH,A composition consisting of seven lines or verses.
HEPTATEUCH,The first seven books of the Testament.
HEPTAVALENT,Having seven units of attractive force or affinity; -- said ofheptad
elements or radicals.
HEPTENE,Same as Heptylene.
HEPTINE,Any one of a series of unsaturated metameric hydrocarbons,C7H12, of the
acetylene series.
HEPTOIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, heptane; as, heptoic acid.
HEPTONE,A liquid hydrocarbon, C7H10, of the valylene series.
HEPTYL,A compound radical, C7H15, regarded as the essential radical ofheptane and a
related series of compounds.
HEPTYLENE,A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, C7H14, of the ethylene series;also, any
one of its isomers. Called also heptene.
HEPTYLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, heptyl or heptane; as, heptylicalcohol.
Cf. .
HER,The form of the objective and the possessive case of thepersonal pronoun she;
as, I saw her with her purse out.
HERACLEONITE,A follower of Heracleon of Alexandria, a Judaizing Gnostic, inthe
early history of the Christian church.
HERAKLINE,A picrate compound, used as an explosive in blasting.
HERALD,An officer whose business was to denounce or proclaim war, tochallenge to
battle, to proclaim peace, and to bear messages from thecommander of an army. He
was invested with a sacred and inviolablecharacter.
HERALDIC,Of or pertaining to heralds or heraldry; as, heraldicblazoning; heraldic
language. T. Warton.
HERALDICALLY,In an heraldic manner; according to the rules of heraldry.
HERALDRY,The art or office of a herald; the art, practice, or science ofrecording
genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns armorial; also,of marshaling cavalcades,
processions, and public ceremonies.
HERALDSHIP,The office of a herald. Selden.
HERAPATHITE,The sulphate of iodoquinine, a substance crystallizing in thinplates
remarkable for their effects in polarizing light.
HERAUD,A herald. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERB-WOMAN,A woman that sells herbs.
HERBACEOUS,Of or pertaining to herbs; having the nature, texture,
orcharacteristics, of an herb; as, herbaceous plants; an herbaceousstem.
HERBAGE,The liberty or right of pasture in the forest or in the groundsof another
man. Blount.
HERBAGED,Covered with grass. Thomson.
HERBAL,Of or pertaining to herbs. Quarles.
HERBALISM,The knowledge of herbs.
HERBALIST,One skilled in the knowledge of plants; a collector of, ordealer in,
herbs, especially medicinal herbs.
HERBAR,An herb. [Obs.] Spenser.
HERBARIAN,A herbalist.
HERBARIST,A herbalist. [Obs.]
HERBARIZE,See Herborize.
HERBARY,A garden of herbs; a cottage garden. T. Warton.
HERBER,A garden; a pleasure garden. [Obs.] "Into an herber green."Chaucer.
HERBERGAGE,Harborage; lodging; shelter; harbor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERBERGEOUR,A harbinger. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERBESCENT,Growing into herbs.
HERBID,Covered with herbs. [Obs.] Bailey.
HERBIFEROUS,Bearing herbs or vegetation.
HERBIST,A herbalist.
HERBIVORA,An extensive division of Mammalia. It formerly included theProboscidea,
Hyracoidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla, but bylater writers it is generally
restricted to the two latter groups(Ungulata). They feed almost exclusively upon
vegetation.
HERBIVORE,One of the Herbivora. P. H. Gosse.
HERBIVOROUS,Eating plants; of or pertaining to the Herbivora.
HERBLESS,Destitute of herbs or of vegetation. J. Warton.
HERBLET,A small herb. Shak.
HERBORIST,A herbalist. Ray.
HERBORIZE,To search for plants, or new species of plants, with a view toclassifying
them.He herborized as he traveled. W. Tooke.
HERBOROUGH,A harbor. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
HERBY,Having the nature of, pertaining to, or covered with, herbs orherbage. "Herby
valleys." Chapman.
HERCOGAMOUS,Not capable of self-fertilization; -- said of hermaphroditeflowers in
which some structural obstacle forbids autogamy.
HERCULES,A hero, fabled to have been the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, andcelebrated
for great strength, esp. for the accomplishment of histwelve great tasks or
"labors."
HERCYNIAN,Of or pertaining to an extensive forest in Germany, of whichthere are
still portions in Swabia and the Hartz mountains.
HERD,Haired. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERDBOOK,A book containing the list and pedigrees of one or more herdsof choice
breeds of cattle; -- also called herd record, or herdregister.
HERDER,A herdsman. [R.]
HERDERITE,A rare fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.
HERDESS,A shepherdess; a female herder. Sir P. Sidney. Chaucer.
HERDGROOM,A herdsman. [Obs.]
HERDIC,A kind of low-hung cab.
HERDSWOMAN,A woman who tends a herd. Sir W. Scott.
HERE,Hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERE-AT,At, or by reason of, this; as, he was offended hereat. Hooker.
HEREAFTER,In time to come; in some future time or state.Hereafter he from war shall
come. Dryden.
HEREAFTERWARD,Hereafter. [Obs.]Thou shalt hereafterward . . . come. Chaucer.
HEREDITABILITY,State of being hereditable. Brydges.
HEREDITABLY,By inheritance. W. Tooke.
HEREDITAMENT,Any species of property that may be inherited; lands,tenements,
anything corporeal or incorporeal, real, personal, ormixed, that may descend to an
heir. Blackstone.
HEREDITARILY,By inheritance; in an hereditary manner. Pope.
HEREDITY,Hereditary transmission of the physical and psychical qualitiesof parents
to their offspring; the biological law by which livingbeings tend to repeat their
characteristics in their descendants. SeePangenesis.
HEREFORD,One of a breed of cattle originating in Herefordshire, England.The
Herefords are good working animals, and their beef-producingquality is excellent.
HEREHENCE,From hence. [Obs.]
HEREIN,In this.Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit. John xv. 8.
HEREINAFTER,In the following part of this (writing, document, speech, andthe like).
HEREINBEFORE,In the preceding part of this (writing, document, book, etc.).
HEREINTO,Into this. Hooker.
HEREMITICAL,Of or pertaining to a hermit; solitary; secluded from society.Pope.
HEREN,Made of hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEREOF,Of this; concerning this; from this; hence.Hereof comes it that Prince Harry
is valiant. Shak.
HEREON,On or upon this; hereupon.
HEREOUT,Out of this. [Obs.] Spenser.
HERESIARCH,A leader in heresy; the chief of a sect of heretics. Bp.Stillingfleet.
HERESIARCHY,A chief or great heresy. [R.]The book itself [the Alcoran] consists of
heresiarchies against ourblessed Savior. Sir T. Herbert.
HERESIOGRAPHER,One who writes on heresies.
HERESIOGRAPHY,A treatise on heresy.
HERESY,Religious opinion opposed to the authorized doctrinal standardsof any
particular church, especially when tending to promote schismor separation; lack of
orthodox or sound belief; rejection of, orerroneous belief in regard to, some
fundamental religious doctrine ortruth; heterodoxy.Doubts 'mongst divines, and
difference of texts, From whence arisediversity of sects, And hateful heresies by
God abhor'd. Spenser.Deluded people! that do not consider that the greatest heresy
in theworld is a wicked life. Tillotson.
HERETIC,One who having made a profession of Christian belief,deliberately and
pertinaciously refuses to believe one or more of thearticles of faith "determined
by the authority of the universalchurch." Addis & Arnold.
HERETICAL,Containing heresy; of the nature of, or characterized by,heresy.
HERETICALLY,In an heretical manner.
HERETICATE,To decide to be heresy or a heretic; to denounce as a hereticor
heretical. Bp. Hall.And let no one be minded, on the score of my neoterism, to
hereticateme. Fitzed. Hall.
HERETIFICATION,The act of hereticating or pronouncing heretical. London Times.
HERETO,To this; hereunto. Hooker.
HERETOFORE,Up to this time; hitherto; before; in time past. Shak.
HEREUNTO,Unto this; up to this time; hereto.
HEREUPON,On this; hereon.
HEREWITH,With this.
HERIE,To praise; to worship. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERIOT,Formerly, a payment or tribute of arms or militaryaccouterments, or the best
beast, or chattel, due to the lord on thedeath of a tenant; in modern use, a
customary tribute of goods orchattels to the lord of the fee, paid on the decease
of a tenant.Blackstone. Bouvier. Heriot custom, a heriot depending on usage.--
Heriot service (Law), a heriot due by reservation in a grant orlease of lands.
Spelman. Blackstone.
HERIOTABLE,Subject to the payment of a heriot. Burn.
HERISSON,A beam or bar armed with iron spikes, and turning on a pivot; -- used to
block up a passage.
HERITABILITY,The state of being heritable.
HERITAGE,A possession; the Israelites, as God's chosen people; also, aflock under
pastoral charge. Joel iii. 2.1 Peter v. 3.
HERITANCE,Heritage; inheritance. [R.]Robbing their children of the heritance Their
fathers handed downSouthey.
HERITOR,A proprietor or landholder in a parish. [Scot.]
HERL,Same as Harl, 2.
HERMA,See Hermes,
HERMAPHRODEITY,Hermaphrodism. B. Jonson.
HERMAPHRODISM,See Hermaphroditism.
HERMAPHRODITE,An individual which has the attributes of both male and female,or
which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or plant havingthe parts of
generation of both sexes, as when a flower contains boththe stamens and pistil
within the same calyx, or on the samereceptacle. In some cases reproduction may
take place without theunion of the distinct individuals. In the animal kingdom
truehermaphrodites are found only among the invertebrates. See Illust. inAppendix,
under Helminths.
HERMAPHRODITISM,The union of the two sexes in the same individual, or
thecombination of some of their characteristics or organs in oneindividual.
HERMENEUTICALLY,According to the principles of interpretation; as, a verse
ofScripture was examined hermeneutically.
HERMENEUTICS,The science of interpretation and explanation; exegesis; esp.,that
branch of theology which defines the laws whereby the meaning ofthe Scriptures is
to be ascertained. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
HERMES,See Mercury.
HERMITAGE,A celebrated French wine, both white and red, of the Departmentof Drôme.
HERMITARY,A cell annexed to an abbey, for the use of a hermit. Howell.
HERMITESS,A female hermit. Coleridge.
HERMITICAL,Pertaining to, or suited for, a hermit. Coventry.
HERMODACTYL,A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the size of a finger,brought from
Turkey, formerly used as a cathartic.
HERMOGENIAN,A disciple of Hermogenes, and heretical teacher who lived inAfrica near
the close of the second century. He ha
HERN,A heron; esp., the common European heron. "A stately hern."Trench.
HERNANI,A thin silk or woolen goods, for women's dresses, woven invarious styles
and colors.
HERNE,A corner. [Obs.]Lurking in hernes and in lanes blind. Chaucer.
HERNIA,A protrusion, consisting of an organ or part which has escapedfrom its
natural cavity, and projects through some natural oraccidental opening in the walls
of the latter; as, hernia of thebrain, of the lung, or of the bowels. Hernia of the
abdominal viscerain most common. Called also rupture. Strangulated hernia, a hernia
sotightly compressed in some part of the channel through which it hasbeen protruded
as to arrest its circulation, and produce swelling ofthe protruded part. It may
occur in recent or chronic hernia, but ismore common in the latter.
HERNIAL,Of, or connected with, hernia.
HERNIOTOMY,A cutting for the cure or relief of hernia; celotomy.
HERNSHAW,Heronshaw. [Obs.] Spenser.
HERO,An illustrious man, supposed to be exalted, after death, to aplace among the
gods; a demigod, as Hercules.
HERODIAN,One of a party among the Jews, composed of partisans of Herodof Galilee.
They joined with the Pharisees against Christ.
HERODIONES,A division of wading birds, including the herons, storks, andallied
forms. Called also Herodii.-- He*ro`di*o"nine, a.
HEROESS,A heroine. [Obs.] Dryden.
HEROIC,Larger than life size, but smaller than colossal; -- said ofthe
representation of a human figure. Heroic Age, the age when theheroes, or those
called the children of the gods, are supposed tohave lived.-- Heroic poetry, that
which celebrates the deeds of a hero; epicpoetry.-- Heroic treatment or remedies
(Med.), treatment or remedies of asevere character, suited to a desperate case.--
Heroic verse (Pros.), the verse of heroic or epic poetry, beingin English, German,
and Italian the iambic of ten syllables; inFrench the iambic of twelve syllables;
and in classic poetry thehexameter.
HEROICAL,Heroic. [R.] Spectator.-- He*ro"ic*al*ly, adv.-- He*ro"ic*al*ness, n.
HEROICNESS,Heroism. [R.] W. Montagu.
HEROISM,The qualities characteristic of a hero, as courage, bravery,fortitude,
unselfishness, etc.; the display of such qualities.Heroism is the self-devotion of
genius manifesting itself in action.Hare.
HERON,Any wading bird of the genus Ardea and allied genera, of thefamily Ardeidæ.
The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long legs andtoes, with the claw of the
middle toe toothed. The common Europeanheron (Ardea cinerea) is remarkable for its
directly ascendingflight, and was formerly hunted with the larger falcons.
HERONER,A hawk used in hunting the heron. "Heroner and falcon."Chaucer.
HERONRY,A place where herons breed.
HERONSEW,A heronshaw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERONSHAW,A heron. [Written variously hernshaw, harnsey, etc.]
HEROSHIP,The character or personality of a hero. "Three years ofheroship." Cowper.
HERPES,An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to itsform, or the
part affected; especially, an eruption of vesicles insmall distinct clusters,
accompanied with itching or tingling,including shingles, ringworm, and the like; --
so called from itstendency to creep or spread from one part of the skin to another.
HERPETIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, the herpes; partaking of thenature of
herpes; as, herpetic eruptions.
HERPETISM,See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.
HERPETOLOGIST,One versed in herpetology, or the natural history of reptiles.
HERPETOLOGY,The natural history of reptiles; that branch of zoölogy whichrelates to
reptiles, including their structure, classification, andhabits.
HERPETOTOMIST,One who dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.
HERPETOTOMY,The anatomy or dissection of reptiles.
HERR,A title of respect given to gentlemen in Germany, equivalent tothe English
Mister.
HERRENHAUS,See Legislature, Austria, Prussia.
HERRING,One of various species of fishes of the genus Clupea, andallied genera,
esp. the common round or English herring (C. harengus)of the North Atlantic.
Herrings move in vast schools, coming inspring to the shores of Europe and America,
where they are salted andsmoked in great quantities. Herring gull (Zoöl.), a large
gull whichfeeds in part upon herrings; esp., Larus argentatus in America, andL.
cachinnans in England. See Gull.-- Herring hog (Zoöl.), the common porpoise.-- King
of the herrings. (Zoöl.) (a) The chimæra (C. monstrosa)which follows the schools of
herring. See Chimæra. (b) The opah.
HERRINGBONE,Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a herring;
especially,characterized by an arrangement of work in rows of parallel lines,which
in the alternate rows slope in different directions.Herringbone stitch, a kind of
cross-stitch in needlework, chieflyused in flannel. Simmonds.
HERRNHUTER,One of the Moravians; -- so called from the settlement ofHerrnhut (the
Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by the Moravians at theinvitation of Nicholas
Lewis, count of Zinzendorf, upon his estate inthe circle of Bautzen.
HERS,See the Note under Her, pr.
HERSAL,Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.
HERSCHEL,See Uranus.
HERSCHELIAN,Of or relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the Herscheliantelescope.
HERSE,A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars, like a harrow,studded with
iron spikes. It is hung above gateways so that it may bequickly lowered, to impede
the advance of an enemy. Farrow.
HERSILLON,A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a breachimpassable.
HERT,A hart. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERTE,A heart. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERTELY,Hearty; heartily. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HERTZIAN,Of or pert. to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.
HERY,To worship; to glorify; to praise. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
HERZOG,A member of the highest rank of nobility in Germany andAustria,
corresponding to the British duke.
HESITANTLY,With hesitancy or doubt.
HESITATE,To utter with hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant manner.[Poetic &
R.]Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike. Pope.
HESITATINGLY,With hesitation or doubt.
HESITATIVE,Showing, or characterized by, hesitation.[He said] in his mild,
hesitative way. R. D. Blackmore.
HESITATORY,Hesitating. R. North.
HESP,A measure of two hanks of linen thread. [Scot.] [Written alsohasp.] Knight.
HESPER,The evening; Hesperus.
HESPERETIN,A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste,obtained by the
decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as acomplex derivative of caffeic acid.
HESPERIAN,Western; being in the west; occidental. [Poetic] Milton.
HESPERID,Same as 3d Hesperian.
HESPERIDENE,An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.
HESPERIDES,The daughters of Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), andfabled
possessors of a garden producing golden apples, in Africa, atthe western extremity
of the known world. To slay the guarding dragonand get some of these apples was one
of the labors of Hercules.Called also Atlantides.
HESPERIDIN,A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange), andextracted
as a white crystalline substance.
HESPERIDIUM,A large berry with a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange.
HESPERORNIS,A genus of large, extinct, wingless birds from the Cretaceousdeposits
of Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They had teeth,and were essentially
carnivorous swimming ostriches. Several speciesare known. See Illust. in Append.
HESSIAN,Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians.Hessian boots, or
Hessians, boot of a kind worn in England, in theearly part of the nineteenth
century, tasseled in front. Thackeray.-- Hessian cloth, or Hessians, a coarse
hempen cloth for sacking.-- Hessian crucible. See under Crucible.-- Hessian fly
(Zoöl.), a small dipterous fly or midge (Cecidomyiadestructor). Its larvæ live
between the base of the lower leaves andthe stalk of wheat, and are very
destructive to young wheat; -- socalled from the erroneous idea that it was brought
into America bythe Hessian troops, during the Revolution.
HESSITE,A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a telluride of silver.
HEST,Command; precept; injunction. [Archaic] See Behest. "At thyhest." Shak.Let him
that yields obey the victor's hest. Fairfax.Yet I thy hest will all perform, at
full. Tennyson.
HESYCHAST,One of a mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenthcentury; a
quietist. Brande & C.
HETCHEL,Same as Hatchel.
HETE,Variant of Hote. [Obs.]But one avow to greate God I hete. Chaucer.
HETERACANTH,Having the spines of the dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or
thickenedalternately on the right and left sides.
HETERARCHY,The government of an alien. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
HETERAUXESIS,Unequal growth of a cell, or of a part of a plant.
HETERO-,A combining form signifying other, other than usual, different;as,
heteroclite, heterodox, heterogamous.
HETEROCARPISM,The power of producing two kinds of reproductive bodies, as
inAmphicarpæa, in which besides the usual pods, there are othersunderground.
HETEROCARPOUS,Characterized by heterocarpism.
HETEROCEPHALOUS,Bearing two kinds of heads or capitula; -- said of certaincomposite
plants.
HETEROCERA,A division of Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk moths,which
have the antennæ variable in form.
HETEROCERCAL,Having the vertebral column evidently continued into the upperlobe of
the tail, which is usually longer than the lower one, as insharks.
HETEROCERCY,Unequal development of the tail lobes of fishes; the possessionof a
heterocercal tail.
HETEROCHROMOUS,Having the central florets of a flower head of a differentcolor from
those of the circumference.
HETEROCLITE,Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous;abnormal.
HETEROCLITOUS,Heteroclitic. [Obs.]
HETEROCYST,A cell larger than the others, and of different appearance,occurring in
certain algæ related to nostoc.
HETERODACTYL,Heterodactylous.-- n.
HETERODACTYLAE,A group of birds including the trogons.
HETERODACTYLOUS,Having the first and second toes turned backward, as in thetrogons.
HETERODONT,Having the teeth differentiated into incisors, canines, andmolars, as in
man; -- opposed to homodont.
HETERODOX,An opinion opposed to some accepted standard. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
HETERODOXAL,Not orthodox. Howell.
HETERODOXY,An opinion or doctrine, or a system of doctrines, contrary tosome
established standard of faith, as the Scriptures, the creed orstandards of a
church, etc.; heresy. Bp. Bull.
HETERODROMOUS,Having spirals of changing direction. Gray.
HETEROECIOUS,Passing through the different stages in its life history on
analternation of hosts, as the common wheat-rust fungus (Pucciniagraminis), and
certain other parasitic fungi; -- contrasted withautocious. -- Het`er*o"cism (#),
n.
HETEROGAMY,The process of fertilization in plants by an indirect orcircuitous
method; -- opposed to orthogamy.
HETEROGANGLIATE,Having the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetricallyarranged;
-- said of certain invertebrate animals.
HETEROGENE,Heterogenous. [Obs.]
HETEROGENEAL,Heterogeneous.
HETEROGENEITY,The state of being heterogeneous; contrariety.The difference, indeed
the heterogeneity, of the two may be felt.Coleridge.
HETEROGENEOUS,Differing in kind; having unlike qualities; possessed ofdifferent
characteristics; dissimilar; -- opposed to homogeneous, andsaid of two or more
connected objects, or of a conglomerate mass,considered in respect to the parts of
which it is made up.-- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly, adv.-- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness, n.
Heterogeneous nouns (Gram.), nounshaving different genders in the singular and
plural numbers; as, hiclocus, of the masculine gender in the singular, and hi loci
and hæcloca, both masculine and neuter in the plural; hoc cælum, neuter inthe
singular; hi cæli, masculine in the plural.-- Heterogeneous quantities (Math.),
such quantities as areincapable of being compared together in respect to magnitude,
andsurfaces and solids.-- Heterogeneous surds (Math.), surds having different
radicalsigns.
HETEROGENESIS,Spontaneous generation, so called.
HETEROGENETIC,Relating to heterogenesis; as, heterogenetic transformations.
HETEROGENIST,One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation,
orheterogenesis. Bastian.
HETEROGENOUS,Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.
HETEROGENY,Heterogenesis.
HETEROGONOUS,Characterized by heterogony.-- Het`er*og"o*nous*ly, adv.
HETEROGONY,The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers, differentas to the
length of their stamens and pistils.
HETEROGRAPHIC,Employing the same letters to represent different sounds indifferent
words or syllables; -- said of methods of spelling; as, theordinary English
orthography is heterographic.
HETEROGRAPHY,That method of spelling in which the same letters representdifferent
sounds in different words, as in the ordinary Englishorthography; e. g., g in get
and in ginger.
HETEROGYNOUS,Having females very unlike the males in form and structure; --as
certain insects, the males of which are winged, and the femaleswingless.
HETEROLOGOUS,Characterized by heterology; consisting of different elements,or of
like elements in different proportions; different; -- opposedto homologous; as,
heterologous organs. Heterologous stimulus.(Physiol.) See under Stimulus.--
Heterologous tumor (Med.), a tumor differing in structure fromthe normal tissues of
the body.
HETEROLOGY,The absence of correspondence, or relation, in type ofstructure; lack of
analogy between parts, owing to their beingcomposed of different elements, or of
like elements in differentproportions; variation in structure from the normal form;
-- opposedto homology.
HETEROMERA,A division of Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.
HETEROMEROUS,Unrelated in chemical composition, though similar or indenticalin
certain other respects; as, borax and augite are homoemorphous,but heteromerous.
HETEROMORPHIC,Deviating from the normal, perfect, or mature form; havingdifferent
forms at different stages of existence, or in differentindividuals of the same
species; -- applied especially to insects inwhich there is a wide difference of
form between the larva and theadult, and to plants having more than one form of
flower.
HETEROMORPHOUS,Heteromorphic.
HETEROMYARIA,A division of bivalve shells, including the marine mussels, inwhich
the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See Dreissena, andIllust. under Byssus.
HETERONEREIS,A free-swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species ofNereis.
HETERONOMOUS,Subject to the law of another. Krauth-Fleming.
HETERONOMY,A term applied by Kant to those laws which are imposed on usfrom
without, or the violence done to us by our passions, wants, ordesires. Krauth-
Fleming.
HETERONYM,That which is heteronymous; a thing having a different name ordesignation
from some other thing; -- opposed to homonym.
HETERONYMOUS,Having different names or designations; standing in oppositerelations.
J. Le Conte.-- Het"er*on"y*mous*ly, adv.
HETEROOUSIAN,Having different essential qualities; of a different nature.
HETEROOUSIOUS,See Heteroousian.
HETEROPATHIC,Of or pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.
HETEROPATHY,That mode of treating diseases, by which a morbid condition isremoved
by inducing an opposite morbid condition to supplant it;allopathy.
HETEROPELMOUS,Having each of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, thebranches
of one going to the first and second toes; those of theother, to the third and
fourth toes. See Illust. in Append.
HETEROPHAGI,Altrices.
HETEROPHEMIST,One liable to the fault of heterophemy.
HETEROPHEMY,The unconscious saying, in speech or in writing, of that whichone does
not intend to say; -- frequently the very reverse of thethought which is present to
consciousness. R. G. White.
HETEROPHONY,An abnormal state of the voice. Mayne.
HETEROPHYLLOUS,Having leaves of more than one shape on the same plant.
HETEROPLASM,An abnormal formation foreign to the economy, and composed ofelements
different from those are found in it in its normalcondition. Dunglison.
HETEROPLASTIC,Producing a different type of organism; developing into adifferent
form of tissue, as cartilage which develops into bone.Haeckel.
HETEROPOD,One of the Heteropoda.-- a.
HETEROPODA,An order of pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed intoa median
fin. Some of the species are naked; others, as Carinaria andAtlanta, have thin
glassy shells.
HETEROPODOUS,Of or pertaining to the Heteropoda.
HETEROPTER,One of the Heteroptera.
HETEROPTERA,A suborder of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anteriorwings is
thickened. See Hemiptera.
HETEROPTICS,False optics. Spectator.
HETEROSCIAN,One who lives either north or south of the tropics, ascontrasted with
one who lives on the other side of them; -- so calledbecause at noon the shadows
always fall in opposite directions (theone northward, the other southward).
HETEROSIS,A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, orpronoun, and the
like, is used for another, as in the sentence: "Whatis life to such as me" Aytoun.
HETEROSOMATI,An order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, sole,etc.,
having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes on oneside. Called also
Heterosomata, Heterosomi.
HETEROSTYLED,Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths. Darwin.
HETEROSTYLISM,The condition of being heterostyled.
HETEROTACTOUS,Relating to, or characterized by, heterotaxy.
HETEROTAXY,Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal
form;heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviationin position
of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typicalarrangement.
HETEROTRICHA,A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia all overthe body,
and a circle of larger ones around the anterior end.
HETHING,Contempt; scorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HETMAN,A Cossack headman or general. The title of chief hetman is nowheld by the
heir to the throne of Russia.
HEUK,Variant of Huke. [Obs.]
HEULANDITE,A mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in amygdaloid,in
foliated masses, and also in monoclinic crystals with pearlyluster on the cleavage
face. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina andlime.
HEURISTIC,Serving to discover or find out.
HEVED,The head. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEW,Destruction by cutting down. [Obs.]Of whom he makes such havoc and such hew.
Spenser.
HEWE,A domestic servant; a retainer. [Obs.] "False homely hewe."Chaucer.
HEWER,One who hews.
HEWHOLE,The European green woodpecker. See Yaffle.
HEWN,A prefix or combining form, used to denote six, sixth, etc.;as, hexatomic,
hexabasic.
HEXABASIC,Having six hydrogen atoms or six radicals capable of beingreplaced or
saturated by bases; -- said of acids; as, mellitic acidis hexabasic.
HEXACAPSULAR,Having six capsules or seed vessels.
HEXACHORD,A series of six notes, with a semitone between the third andfourth, the
other intervals being whole tones.
HEXACID,Having six atoms or radicals capable of being replaced byacids; hexatomic;
hexavalent; -- said of bases; as, mannite is ahexacid base.
HEXACTINELLID,Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the Hexactinellinæ.
HEXACTINELLINE,Belonging to the Hexactinellinæ, a group of sponges, havingsix-rayed
siliceous spicules.
HEXACTINIA,The Anthozoa.
HEXAD,An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoreticallycombined with,
substituted for, or replaced by, six monad atoms orradicals; as, sulphur is a hexad
in sulphuric acid. Also used as anadjective.
HEXADACTYLOUS,Having six fingers or toes.
HEXADE,A series of six numbers.
HEXADECANE,See Hecdecane.
HEXAGON,A plane figure of six angles. Regular hexagon, a hexagon inwhich the angles
are all equal, and the sides are also all equal.
HEXAGONAL,Having six sides and six angles; six-sided. Hexagonal system.(Crystal.)
See under Crystallization.
HEXAGONALLY,In an hexagonal manner.
HEXAGONY,A hexagon. [Obs.] Bramhall.
HEXAGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants having six pistils.
HEXAHEDRAL,In the form of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.
HEXAHEDRON,A solid body of six sides or faces. Regular hexahedron, ahexagon having
six equal squares for its sides; a cube.
HEXAMEROUS,In six parts; in sixes.
HEXAMETER,A verse of six feet, the first four of which may be eitherdactyls or
spondees, the fifth must regularly be a dactyl, and thesixth always a spondee. In
this species of verse are composed theIliad of Homer and the Æneid of Virgil. In
English hexameters accenttakes the place of quantity.Leaped like the | roe when he
| hears in the | woodland the | voiceof the | huntsman. Longfellow.Strongly it |
bears us a- | long on | swelling and | limitless |billows, Nothing be- | fore and |
nothing be- | hind but the | skyand the | ocean. Coleridge.
HEXAMETRIST,One who writes in hexameters. "The Christian hexametrists."Milman.
HEXANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants having six stamens.
HEXANE,Any one of five hydrocarbons, C6H14, of the paraffin series.They are
colorless, volatile liquids, and are so called because themolecule has six carbon
atoms.
HEXANGULAR,Having six angles or corners.
HEXAPETALOUS,Having six petals.
HEXAPHYLLOUS,Having six leaves or leaflets.
HEXAPLA,A collection of the Holy Scriptures in six languages or sixversions in
parallel columns; particularly, the edition of the OldTestament published by
Origen, in the 3d century.
HEXAPOD,Having six feet.-- n. (Zoöl.)
HEXAPODA,The true, or six-legged, insects; insects other than myriapodsand
arachnids.
HEXAPODOUS,Having six feet; belonging to the Hexapoda.
HEXAPTEROUS,Having six processes. Gray.
HEXASTYLE,Having six columns in front; -- said of a portico or temple.-- n.
HEXATEUCH,The first six books of the Old Testament.
HEXAVALENT,Having a valence of six; -- said of hexads.
HEXDECYL,The essential radical, C16H33, of hecdecane.
HEXDECYLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hexdecyl or hecdecane; as,hexdecylic
alcohol.
HEXEIKOSANE,A hydrocarbon, C26H54, resembling paraffine; -- so calledbecause each
molecule has twenty-six atoms of carbon. [Written alsohexacosane.]
HEXENE,Same as Hexylene.
HEXICOLOGY,The science which treats of the complex relations of livingcreatures to
other organisms, and to their surrounding conditionsgenerally. St. George Mivart.
HEXINE,A hydrocarbon, C6H10, of the acetylene series, obtainedartificially as a
colorless, volatile, pungent liquid; -- called alsohexoylene.
HEXOCTAHEDRON,A solid having forty-eight equal triangular faces.
HEXOIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hexane; as, hexoic acid.
HEXONE,A liquid hydrocarbon, C6H8, of the valylene series, obtainedfrom
distillation products of certain fats and gums.
HEXOSE,Any member of a group of sugars containing six carbon atoms inthe molecule.
Some are widely distributed in nature, esp. in ripefruits.
HEXYL,A compound radical, C6H13, regarded as the essential residue ofhexane, and a
related series of compounds.
HEXYLENE,A colorless, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H12, of the ethylene series,produced
artificially, and found as a natural product of distillationof certain coals; also,
any one several isomers of hexylene proper.Called also hexene.
HEXYLIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hexyl or hexane; as, hexylicalcohol.
HEY,High. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEYDAY,An expression of frolic and exultation, and sometimes ofwonder. B. Jonson.
HEYDEGUY,A kind of country-dance or round. [Obs.] Spenser.
HEYNE,A wretch; a rascal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HEYTEN,Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HIATION,Act of gaping. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
HIATUS,The concurrence of two vowels in two successive words orsyllables. Pope.
HIBERNACLE,That which serves for protection or shelter in winter; winterquarters;
as, the hibernacle of an animal or a plant. Martyn.
HIBERNACULUM,A winter bud, in which the rudimentary foliage or flower, as ofmost
trees and shrubs in the temperate zone, is protected by closelyoverlapping scales.
HIBERNAL,Belonging or relating to winter; wintry; winterish. Sir T.Browne.
HIBERNATE,To winter; to pass the season of winter in close quarters, in atorpid or
lethargic state, as certain mammals, reptiles, and insects.Inclination would lead
me to hibernate, during half the year, in thisuncomfortable climate of Great
Britain. Southey.
HIBERNATION,The act or state of hibernating. Evelyn.
HIBERNIAN,Of or pertaining to Hibernia, now Ireland; Irish.-- n.
HIBERNO-CELTIC,The native language of the Irish; that branch of the Celticlanguages
spoken by the natives of Ireland. Also adj.
HIBISCUS,A genus of plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees), some species ofwhich have
large, showy flowers. Some species are cultivated in Indiafor their fiber, which is
used as a substitute for hemp. See Althea,Hollyhock, and Manoe.
HICCIUS DOCTIUS,A juggler. [Cant] hocus pocus Hudibras.
HICCOUGH,A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic inspiration,consisting of a
sudden contraction of the diaphragm, accompanied withclosure of the glottis, so
that further entrance of air is prevented,while the impulse of the column of air
entering and striking upon theclosed glottis produces a sound, or hiccough.
[Written also hickup orhiccup.]
HICKORY,An American tree of the genus Carya, of which there are severalspecies. The
shagbark is the C. alba, and has a very rough bark; itaffords the hickory nut of
the markets. The pignut, or brown hickory,is the C. glabra. The swamp hickory is C.
amara, having a nut whoseshell is very thin and the kernel bitter. Hickory shad.
(Zoöl.) (a)The mattowacca, or fall herring. (b) The gizzard shad.
HICKSITE,A member or follower of the "liberal" party, headed by EliasHicks, which,
because of a change of views respecting the divinity ofChrist and the Atonement,
seceded from the conservative portion ofthe Society of Friends in the United
States, in 1827.
HICKUP,See Hiccough.
HID,imp. & p. p. of Hide. See Hidden.
HIDAGE,A tax formerly paid to the kings of England for every hide ofland. [Written
also hydage.]
HIDALGO,A title, denoting a Spanish nobleman of the lower class.
HIDDEN,from Hide. Concealed; put out of view; secret; not known;mysterious. Hidden
fifths or octaves (Mus.), consecutive fifths oroctaves, not sounded, but suggested
or implied in the parallel motionof two parts towards a fifth or an octave.
HIDDENITE,An emerald-green variety of spodumene found in North Carolina;lithia
emerald, -- used as a gem.
HIDDENLY,In a hidden manner.
HIDE,To lie concealed; to keep one's self out of view; to bewithdrawn from sight or
observation.Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you hide. Pope.Hide and seek, a play
of children, in which some hide themselves, andothers seek them. Swift.
HIDEBOUND,Having the bark so close and constricting that it impedes thegrowth; --
said of trees. Bacon.
HIDER,One who hides or conceals.
HIDING,The act of hiding or concealing, or of withholding from view orknowledge;
concealment.There was the hiding of his power. Hab. iii. 4.
HIDROSIS,Excretion of sweat; perspiration.
HIDROTIC,Causing perspiration; diaphoretic or sudorific.
HIE,To hasten; to go in haste; -- also often with the reciprocalpronoun. [Rare,
except in poetry] "My husband hies him home." Shak.The youth, returning to his
mistress, hies. Dryden.
HIEMS,Winter. Shak.
HIERAPICRA,A warming cathartic medicine, made of aloes and canella bark.Dunglison.
HIERARCH,One who has high and controlling authority in sacred things;the chief of a
sacred order; as, princely hierarchs. Milton.
HIERARCHICAL,Pertaining to a hierarchy.-- Hi`er*arch`ic*al*ly, adv.
HIERARCHISM,The principles or authority of a hierarchy.The more dominant
hierarchism of the West. Milman.
HIERATIC,Consecrated to sacred uses; sacerdotal; pertaining to priests.Hieratic
character, a mode of ancient Egyptian writing; a modifiedform of hieroglyphics,
tending toward a cursive hand and formerlysupposed to be the sacerdotal character,
as the demotic was supposedto be that of the people.It was a false notion of the
Greeks that of the three kinds ofwriting used by the Egyptians, two -- for that
reason calledhieroglyphic and hieratic -- were employed only for sacred, while
thethird, the demotic, was employed for secular, purposes. No suchdistinction is
discoverable on the more ancient Egyptian monuments;bur we retain the old names
founded on misapprehension. W. H. Ward(Johnson's Cyc.).
HIEROCRACY,Government by ecclesiastics; a hierarchy. Jefferson.
HIEROGLYPHICALLY,In hieroglyphics.
HIEROGLYPHIST,One versed in hieroglyphics. Gliddon.
HIEROGRAM,A form of sacred or hieratic writing.
HIEROGRAMMATIC,Written in, or pertaining to, hierograms; expressive of
sacredwriting. Bp. Warburton.
HIEROGRAMMATIST,A writer of hierograms; also, one skilled in
hieroglyphics.Greenhill.
HIEROGRAPHY,Sacred writing. [R.] Bailey.
HIEROLATRY,The worship of saints or sacred things. [R.] Coleridge.
HIEROLOGIST,One versed in, or whostudies, hierology.
HIEROLOGY,A treatise on sacred things; especially, the science whichtreats of the
ancient writings and inscriptions of the Egyptians, ora treatise on that science.
HIEROMANCY,Divination by observing the objects offered in sacrifice.
HIEROMARTYR,A priest who becomes a martyr.
HIERON,A consecrateo place; esp., a temple.
HIERONYMITE,See Jeronymite.
HIEROPHANT,The presiding priest who initiated candidates at the
Eleusinianmysteries; hence, one who teaches the mysteries and duties ofreligion.
Abp Potter.
HIEROPHANTIC,Of or relating to hierophants or their teachings.
HIEROSCOPY,Divination by inspection of entrails of victims offered insacrifice.
HIEROTHECA,A receptacle for sacred objects.
HIEROURGY,A sacred or holy work or worship. [Obs.] Waterland.
HIFALUTIN,See Highfaluting.
HIG-TAPER,A plant of the genus Verbascum (V. Thapsus); the commonmullein. [Also
high-taper and hag-taper.]
HIGGLEDY-PIGGLEDY,In confusion; topsy-turvy. [Colloq.] Johnson.
HIGGLER,One who higgles.
HIGH FIVE,See Cinch (the game).
HIGH PRIEST,A chief priest; esp., the head of the Jewish priesthood.
HIGH STEEL,Steel containing a high percentage of carbon; high-carbonsteel.
HIGH,To hie. [Obs.]Men must high them apace, and make haste. Holland.
HIGH-BLOWN,Inflated, as with conceit.
HIGH-BRED,Bred in high life; of pure blood. Byron.
HIGH-BUILT,Of lofty structure; tall. "High-built organs." Tennyson.The high-built
elephant his castle rears. Creech.
HIGH-CHURCH,Of or pertaining to, or favoring, the party called the HighChurch, or
their doctrines or policy. See High Church, under High, a.
HIGH-CHURCHISM,The principles of the high-church party.
HIGH-CHURCHMAN,One who holds high-church principles.
HIGH-CHURCHMAN-SHIP,The state of being a high-churchman. J. H. Newman.
HIGH-EMBOWED,Having lofty arches. "The high-embowed roof." Milton.
HIGH-FED,Pampered; fed luxuriously.
HIGH-FINISHED,Finished with great care; polished.
HIGH-FLUSHED,Elated. Young.
HIGH-GO,A spree; a revel. [Low]
HIGH-HANDED,Overbearing; oppressive; arbitrary; violent; as, a high-handedact.
HIGH-HEARTED,Full of courage or nobleness; high-souled.-- High"-heart`ed*ness, n.
HIGH-HOE,The European green woodpecker or yaffle. [Written also high-hoo.]
HIGH-HOLDER,The flicker; -- called also high-hole. [Local, U. S.]
HIGH-LOW,A laced boot, ankle high.
HIGH-METTLED,Having abundance of mettle; ardent; full of fire; as, a high-mettled
steed.
HIGH-MINDEDNESS,The quality of being highminded; nobleness; magnanimity.
HIGH-PALMED,Having high antlers; bearing full-grown antlers aloft.
HIGH-PRIESTHOOD,The office, dignity, or position of a high priest.
HIGH-PRIESTSHIP,High-priesthood.
HIGH-PRINCIPLED,Possessed of noble or honorable principles.
HIGH-REACHING,Reaching high or upward; hence, ambitious; aspiring. Shak.
HIGH-RED,Of a strong red color.
HIGH-SEASONED,Enriched with spice and condiments; hence, exciting; piquant.
HIGH-SIGHTED,Looking upward; supercilious. Shak.
HIGH-SOULED,Having a high or noble spirit; honorable. E. Everett.
HIGH-SOUNDING,Pompous; noisy; ostentatious; as, high-sounding words ortitles.
HIGH-SPIRITED,Full of spirit or natural fire; haughty; courageous; impetuous;not
brooking restraint or opposition.
HIGH-STEPPER,A horse that moves with a high step or proud gait; hence, aperson
having a proud bearing. [Colloq.]
HIGH-STOMACHED,Having a lofty spirit; haughty. [Obs.] Shak.
HIGH-STRUNG,Strung to a high pitch; spirited; sensitive; as, a high-strunghorse.
HIGH-SWELLING,Inflated; boastful.
HIGH-TOP,A ship's masthead. Shak.
HIGHBINDER,A ruffian; one who hounds, or spies upon, another; app. esp. tothe
members of certain alleged societies among the Chinese. [U. S.]
HIGHBORN,Of noble birth. Shak.
HIGHER CRITICISM,Criticism which includes the study of the contents,
literarycharacter, date, authorship, etc., of any writing; as, the highercriticism
of the Pentateuch. Called also historical criticism.
HIGHER THOUGHT,See New thought, below.
HIGHER-UP,A superior officer or official; -- used chiefly in pl. [Slang]
HIGHERING,Rising higher; ascending.In ever highering eagle circles. Tennyson.
HIGHFALUTING,High-flown, bombastic language. [Written also hifalutin.][Jocular, U.
S.] Lowell.
HIGHFLIER,One who is extravagant in pretensions, opinions, or manners.Swift.
HIGHFLYING,Extravagant in opinions or ambition. "Highflying, arbitrarykings."
Dryden.
HIGHLAND,Elevated or mountainous land; (often in the pl.) an elevatedregion or
country; as, the Highlands of Scotland. Highland fling, adance peculiar to the
Scottish Highlanders; a sort of hornpipe.
HIGHLANDER,An inhabitant of highlands, especially of the Highlands ofScotland.
HIGHLANDRY,Highlanders, collectively.
HIGHLY,In a high manner, or to a high degree; very much; as, highlyesteemed.
HIGHMEN,Loaded dice so contrived as to turn up high numbers. [Obs] SirJ.
Harrington.
HIGHMOST,Highest. [Obs.] Shak.
HIGHROAD,A highway; a much travele
HIGHT,A variant of Height.
HIGHTENER,That which heightens.
HIGHTH,Variant of Height. [Obs.]
HIGHTY-TIGHTY,Hoity-toity.
HIGHWAY,A road or way open to the use of the public; a main road orthoroughfare.
HIGHWAYMAN,One who robs on the public road; a highway robber.
HIGRE,See Eagre. [Obs.] Drayton.
HIKE,To hike one's self; specif., to go with exertion or effort; totramp; to march
laboriously. [Dial. or Colloq.] "If you persist inheaving and hiking like this."
Kipling.
HILAL,Of or pertaining to a hilum.
HILAR,Belonging to the hilum.
HILARIOUS,Mirthful; noisy; merry.
HILARITY,Boisterous mirth; merriment; jollity. Goldsmith.
HILARY TERM,Formerly, one of the four terms of the courts of common law inEngland,
beginning on the eleventh of January and ending on thethirty-first of the same
month, in each year; -- so called from thefestival of St. Hilary, January 13th.
HILDING,A base, menial wretch.-- a.
HILE,To hide. See Hele. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HILL,To surround with earth; to heap or draw earth around or upon;as, to hill
corn.Showing them how to plant and hill it. Palfrey.
HILLINESS,The state of being hilly.
HILLING,The act or process of heaping or drawing earth around plants.
HILLOCK,A small hill. Shak.
HILLSIDE,The side or declivity of a hill.
HILLTOP,The top of a hill.
HILTED,Having a hilt; -- used in composition; as, basket-hilted,cross-hilted.
HILUM,The eye of a bean or other seed; the mark or scar at the pointof attachment
of an ovule or seed to its base or support; -- calledalso hile.
HILUS,Same as Hilum, 2.
HIM,Them. See Hem. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HIMALAYAN,Of or pertaining to the Himalayas, the great mountain chain inHindostan.
HIMPNE,A hymn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HIMSELF,Themselves. See Hemself. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HIMSELVE,See 1st Himself. [Obs.]
HIN,A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing three quarts, one pint,one gill,
English measure. W. H. Ward.
HIND,The female of the red deer, of which the male is the stag.
HINDBERRY,The raspberry. [Prov. Eng.]
HINDBRAIN,The posterior of the three principal divisions of the brain,including the
epencephalon and metencephalon. Sometimes restricted tothe epencephalon only.
HINDER,Of or belonging to that part or end which is in the rear, orwhich follows;
as, the hinder part of a wagon; the hinder parts of ahorse.He was in the hinder
part of the ship. Mark iv. 38.
HINDERANCE,Same as Hindrance.
HINDERER,One who, or that which, hinders.
HINDEREST,Hindermost; -- superl. of Hind, a. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HINDERLING,A worthless, base, degenerate person or animal. [Obs.]Callander.
HINDGUT,The posterior part of the alimentary canal, including therectum, and
sometimes the large intestine also.
HINDI,The name given by Europeans to that form of the Hindustanilanguage which is
chiefly spoken by native Hindoos. In employs theDevanagari character, in which
Sanskrit is written. Whitworth.
HINDLEYS SCREW,A screw cut on a solid whose sides are arcs of the periphery ofa
wheel into the teeth of which the screw is intended to work. It isnamed from the
person who first used the form.
HINDU,Same as Hindoo.
HINE,A servant; a farm laborer; a peasant; a hind. [Obs.]Bailiff, herd, nor other
hine. Chaucer.
HINGE,To stand, depend, hang, or turn, as on a hinge; to dependchiefly for a result
or decision or for force and validity; --usually with on or upon; as, the argument
hinges on this point. I.Taylor
HINGED,Furnished with hinges.
HINGELESS,Without a hinge or joint.
HINK,A reaping hook. Knight.
HINNY,A hybrid between a stallion and an ass.
HINT,To bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion; tosuggest in an
indirect manner; as, to hint a suspicion.Just hint a fault and hesitate dislike.
Pope.
HINTERLAND,The land or region lying behind the coast district. The term isused esp.
with reference to the so-called doctrine of the hinterland,sometimes advanced, that
occupation of the coast supports a claim toan exclusive right to occupy, from time
to time, the territory lyinginland of the coast.
HINTINGLY,In a hinting manner.
HIP LOCK,A lock in which a close grip is obtained and a fall attemptedby a heave
over the hip.
HIP TREE,The dog-rose.
HIP,The external angle formed by the meeting of two sloping sidesor skirts of a
roof, which have their wall plates running indifferent directions.
HIP-ROOFED,Having a hip roof.
HIPE,To throw by means of a hipe. -- Hip"er (#), n.
HIPHALT,Lame in the hip. [R.] Gower.
HIPPARION,An extinct genus of Tertiary mammals allied to the horse, butthree-toed,
having on each foot a small lateral hoof on each side ofthe main central one. It is
believed to be one of the ancestralgenera of the Horse family.
HIPPOBOSCA,A genus of dipterous insects including the horsefly or horsetick.--
Hip`po*bos"can, a.
HIPPOCAMP,See Hippocampus.
HIPPOCAMPAL,Of or pertaining to the hippocampus.
HIPPOCAMPUS,A fabulous monster, with the head and fore quarters of a horsejoined to
the tail of a dolphin or other fish (Hippocampusbrevirostris), -- seen in Pompeian
paintings, attached to the chariotof Neptune. Fairholt.
HIPPOCENTAUR,Same as Centaur.
HIPPOCRAS,A cordial made of spiced wine, etc.
HIPPOCRATES,A famous Greek physician and medical writer, born in Cos, about460 B.
C. Hippocrates' sleeve, a conical strainer, made by stitchingtogether two adjacent
sides of a square piece of cloth, esp. flannelof linen.
HIPPOCRATIC,Of or pertaining to Hippocrates, or to his teachings.Hippocratic face
Etym: [L. facies Hippocratica], the change producedin the countenance by death, or
long sickness, excessive evacuations,excessive hunger, and the like. The nose is
pinched, the eyes aresunk, the temples hollow, the ears cold and retracted, the
skin ofthe forehead tense and dry, the complexion livid, the lips pendent,relaxed,
and cold; -- so called, as having been described byHippocrates. Dunglison.--
Hippocratic oath, an oath said to have been dictated byHippocrates to his
disciples. Such an oath is still administered tocandidates for graduation in
medicine.
HIPPOCRATISM,The medical philosophy or system of Hippocrates.
HIPPOCRENE,A fountain on Mount Helicon in Boeotia, fabled to have burstforth when
the ground was struck by the hoof of Pegasus. Also, itswaters, which were supposed
to impart poetic inspiration. Keats.Nor maddening draughts of Hippocrene.
Longfellow.
HIPPOCREPIAN,One of an order of fresh-water Bryozoa, in which the tentaclesare on a
lophophore, shaped like a horseshoe. See Phylactolæma.
HIPPOCREPIFORM,Shaped like a horseshoe.
HIPPODAME,A fabulous sea monster. [Obs.] Spenser.
HIPPODROME,A place set apart for equestrian and chariot races.
HIPPOGRIFF,A fabulous winged animal, half horse and half griffin. Milton.
HIPPOLITH,A concretion, or kind of bezoar, from the intestines of thehorse.
HIPPOPATHOLOGY,The science of veterinary medicine; the pathology of the horse.
HIPPOPHAGI,Eaters of horseflesh.
HIPPOPHAGISM,Hippophagy. Lowell.
HIPPOPHAGIST,One who eats horseflesh.
HIPPOPHAGOUS,Feeding on horseflesh; -- said of certain nomadic tribes, asthe
Tartars.
HIPPOPHAGY,The act or practice of feeding on horseflesh.
HIPPOPHILE,One who loves horses. Holmes.
HIPPOPOTAMUS,A large, amphibious, herbivorous mammal (Hippopotamusamphibius),
common in the rivers of Africa. It is allied to the hogs,and has a very thick,
naked skin, a thick and square head, a verylarge muzzle, small eyes and ears, thick
and heavy body, and shortlegs. It is supposed to be the behemoth of the Bible.
Called alsozeekoe, and river horse. A smaller species (H. Liberiencis)
inhabitsWestern Africa.
HIPPOTOMY,Anatomy of the horse.
HIPPURIC,Obtained from the urine of horses; as, hippuric acid. Hippuricacid, a
white crystalline substance, containing nitrogen, present inthe urine of
herbivorous animals, and in small quantity in humanurine. By the action of acids,
it is decomposed into benzoic acid andglycocoll.
HIPPURITE,A fossil bivalve mollusk of the genus Hippurites, of manyspecies, having
a conical, cup-shaped under valve, with a flattishupper valve or lid. Hippurites
are found only in the Cretaceousrocks.
HIPSHOT,Having the hip dislocated; hence, having one hip lower than theother.
L'Estrange.
HIR,See Here, pron. Chaucer.
HIRCIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mutton suet; -- applied byChevreul to an
oily acid which was obtained from mutton suet, and towhich he attributed the
peculiar taste and smell of that substance.The substance has also been called
hircin. Watts.
HIRCIN,Hircic acid. See Hircic. [R.]
HIRE,See Here, pron. Chaucer.
HIRELESS,Without hire. Davenant.
HIRELING,One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whosemotive and
interest in serving another are wholly gainful; amercenary. "Lewd hirelings."
Milton.
HIRER,One who hires.
HIRSUTE,Pubescent with coarse or stiff hairs. Gray.
HIRSUTENESS,Hairiness. Burton.
HIRTELLOUS,Pubescent with minute and somewhat rigid hairs.
HIRUDINE,Of or pertaining to the leeches.
HIRUDINEA,An order of Annelida, including the leeches; -- called alsoHirudinei.
HIRUDO,A genus of leeches, including the common medicinal leech. SeeLeech.
HIRUNDINE,Like or pertaining to the swallows.
HIRUNDO,A genus of birds including the swallows and martins.
HISINGERITE,A soft black, iron ore, nearly earthy, a hydrous silicate ofiron.
HISPANIC,Of or pertaining to Spain or its language; as, Hispanic words.
HISPANICISM,A Spanish idiom or mode of speech. Keightley.
HISPANICIZE,To give a Spanish form or character to; as, to HispanicizeLatin words.
HISPID,Beset with stiff hairs or bristles.
HISPIDULOUS,Minutely hispid.
HISSINGLY,With a hissing sound.
HIST,Hush; be silent; -- a signal for silence. Milton.
HISTIOLOGY,Same as Histology.
HISTOGENETIC,Tissue-producing; connected with the formation and developmentof the
organic tissues.
HISTOGENY,Same as Histogenesis. Dunglison.
HISTOGRAPHER,One who describes organic tissues; an histologist.
HISTOGRAPHICAL,Of or pertaining to histography.
HISTOGRAPHY,A description of, or treatise on, organic tissues.
HISTOHAEMATIN,One of a class of respiratory pigments, widely distributed inthe
animal kingdom, capable of ready oxidation and reduction.
HISTOID,Resembling the normal tissues; as, histoid tumors.
HISTOLOGIST,One versed in histology.
HISTOLOGY,That branch of biological science, which treats of the
minute(microscopic) structure of animal and vegetable tissues; -- calledalso
histiology.
HISTOLYSIS,The decay and dissolution of the organic tissues and of theblood.
HISTOLYTIC,Of or pertaining to histolysis, or the degeneration of tissues.
HISTONOMY,The science which treats of the laws relating to organictissues, their
formation, development, functions, etc.
HISTOPHYLY,The tribal history of cells, a division of morphophyly.Haeckel.
HISTORIAL,Historical. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HISTORIAN,Of or pertaining to history, or the record of past events; as,an
historical poem; the historic page.-- His*tor"ic*al*ness, n.-- His*to*ric"i*ty,
n.There warriors frowning in historic brass. Pope.Historical painting, that branch
of painting which represents theevents of history.-- Historical sense, that meaning
of a passage which is deduced fromthe circumstances of time, place, etc., under
which it was written.-- The historic sense, the capacity to conceive and represent
theunity and significance of a past era or age.
HISTORICALLY,In the manner of, or in accordance with, history.
HISTORICIZE,To record or narrate in the manner of a history; to chronicle.[R.]
HISTORIED,Related in history.
HISTORIER,An historian. [Obs.]
HISTORIETTE,Historical narration on a small scale; a brief recital; astory.
Emerson.
HISTORIFY,To record in or as history. [R.] Lamb.Thy conquest meet to be
historified. Sir P. Sidney.
HISTORIOGRAPHER,An historian; a writer of history; especially, one appointed
ordesignated to write a history; also, a title bestowed by somegovernments upon
historians of distinction.
HISTORIOGRAPHERSHIP,The office of an historiographer. Saintsbury.
HISTORIOGRAPHY,The art of employment of an historiographer.
HISTORIOLOGY,A discourse on history. Cockeram.
HISTORIONOMER,One versed in the phenomena of history and the laws
controllingthem.And historionomers will have measured accurately the sidereal
yearsof races. Lowell.
HISTORIZE,To relate as history; to chronicle; to historicize. [R.]Evelyn.
HISTORY,To narrate or record. [Obs.] Shak.
HISTOTOMY,The dissection of organic tissues.
HISTOZYME,A soluble ferment occurring in the animal body, to the presenceof which
many normal decompositions and synthetical processes aresupposed to be due.
HISTRION,A player. [R.] Pope.
HISTRIONICISM,The histronic art; stageplaying. W. Black.
HISTRIONISM,Theatrical representation; acting; affectation. Sir T. Browne.
HISTRIONIZE,To act; to represent on the stage, or theatrically. Urquhart.
HIT,It. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HITCH,A knot or noose in a rope which can be readily undone; --intended for a
temporary fastening; as, a half hitch; a clove hitch;a timber hitch, etc.
HITCHEL,See Hatchel.
HITHE,A port or small haven; -- used in composition; as, Lambhithe,now Lambeth.
Pennant.
HITHERMOST,Nearest on this side. Sir M. Hale.
HITHERWARD,Toward this place; hither.Marching hitherward in proud array. Shak.
HITTER,One who hits or strikes; as, a hard hitter.
HITTITE,A member of an ancient people (or perhaps group of peoples)whose
settlements extended from Armenia westward into Asia Minor andsouthward into
Palestine. They are known to have been met along theOrontes as early as 1500 b. c.,
and were often at war with theEgyptians and Assyrians. Especially in the north they
developed aconsiderable civilization, of which numerous monuments andinscriptions
are extant. Authorities are not agreed as to their race.While several attempts have
been made to decipher the Hittitecharacters, little progress has yet been made.
HITTORF RAYS,Rays (chiefly cathode rays) developed by the electric dischargein
Hittorf tubes.
HIVE,To take shelter or lodgings together; to reside in a collectivebody. Pope.
HIVELESS,Destitute of a hive. Gascoigne.
HIVER,One who collects bees into a hive.
HIZZ,To hiss. [Obs.] Shak.
HO,Who. [Obs.] In some Chaucer MSS.
HOAR,Hoariness; antiquity. [R.]Covered with the awful hoar of innumerable ages.
Burke.
HOARD,See Hoarding, 2. Smart.
HOARDER,One who hoards.
HOARDING,A screen of boards inclosing a house and materials whilebuilders are at
work. [Eng.]Posted on every dead wall and hoarding. London Graphic.
HOARED,Moldy; musty. [Obs.] Granmer.
HOARFROST,The white particles formed by the congelation of dew; whitefrost.
[Written also horefrost. See Hoar, a.]He scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. Ps.
cxlvii. 16.
HOARHOUND,Same as Horehound.
HOARINESS,The state of being hoary. Dryden.
HOARSELY,With a harsh, grating sound or voice.
HOARSEN,To make hoarse.I shall be obliged to hoarsen my voice. Richardson.
HOARSENESS,Harshness or roughness of voice or sound, due to mucuscollected on the
vocal cords, or to swelling or looseness of thecords.
HOARSTONE,A stone designating the Halliwell.
HOARY,Of a pale silvery gray.
HOATZIN,Same as Hoazin.
HOAX,A deception for mockery or mischief; a deceptive trick orstory; a practical
joke. Macaulay.
HOAXER,One who hoaxes.
HOAZIN,A remarkable South American bird (Opisthocomus cristatus); thecrested
touraco. By some zoölogists it is made the type of a distinctorder (Opisthocomi).
HOB,A threaded and fluted hardened steel cutter, resembling a tap,used in a lathe
for forming the teeth of screw chasers, worm wheels,etc.
HOBBISM,The philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes, an Englishmaterialist (
HOBBIST,One who accepts the doctrines of Thomas Hobbes.
HOBBLE SKIRT,A woman's skirt so scant at the bottom as to restrain freedomof
movement after the fashion of a hobble. -- Hob"ble-skirt`ed, a.
HOBBLEBUSH,A low bush (Viburnum lantanoides) having long, stragglingbranches and
handsome flowers. It is found in the Northern UnitedStates. Called also shinhopple.
HOBBLER,One who hobbles.
HOBBLINGLY,With a limping step.
HOBBLY,Rough; uneven; causing one to hobble; as a hobbly road.
HOBBY,A small, strong-winged European falcon (Falco subbuteo),formerly trained for
hawking.
HOBBYHORSICAL,Pertaining to, or having, a hobby or whim; eccentric;whimsical.
[Colloq.] Sterne.
HOBGOBLIN,A frightful goblin; an imp; a bugaboo; also, a name formerlygiven to the
household spirit, Robin Goodfellow. Macaulay.
HOBILER,A light horseman. See 2d Hobbler. [Obs.] Brande & C.
HOBIT,A small mortar on a gun carriage, in use before the howitzer.
HOBNAIL,To tread down roughly, as with hobnailed shoes.Your rights and charters
hobnailed into slush. Tennyson.
HOBNAILED,See with hobnails, as a shoe.
HOBNOB,Familiar, social intercourse. W. Black.
HOBO,A professional tramp; one who spends his life traveling fromplace to place,
esp. by stealing rides on trains, and begging for aliving. [U. S.] -- Ho"bo*ism
(#), n.
HOBORNOB,See Hobnob.
HOBOY,A hautboy or oboe. [Obs.]
HOCCO,The crested curassow; -- called also royal pheasant. SeeCurassow.
HOCHEPOT,Hotchpot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOCK,A Rhenish wine, of a light yellow color, either sparkling orstill. The name is
also given indiscriminately to all Rhenish wines.
HOCKAMORE,A Rhenish wine. [Obs.] See Hock. Hudibras.
HOCKDAY,A holiday commemorating the expulsion of the Danes, formerlyobserved on the
second Tuesday after Easter; -- called also hocktide.[Eng.] [Written also hokeday.]
HOCKHERB,The mallow.
HOCUS,To cheat. [Colloq.] L'Estrange.
HODDENGRAY,Applied to coarse cloth made of undyed wool, formerly worn byScotch
peasants. [Scot.]
HODDY,See Dun crow, under Dun, a.
HODDYDODDY,An awkward or foolish person. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
HODGEPODGE,A mixed mass; a medley. See Hotchpot. Johnson.
HODMAN,A man who carries a hod; a mason's tender.
HODMANDOD,See Dodman. Bacon.
HODOGRAPH,A curve described by the moving extremity of a line the otherend of which
is fixed, this line being constantly parallel to thedirection of motion of, and
having its length constantly proportionalto the velocity of, a point moving in any
path; -used ininvestigations respecting central forces.
HODOMETER,See Odometer.
HOE,The horned or piked dogfish. See Dogfish. Dutch hoe, one havingthe blade set
for use in the manner of a spade.-- Horse hoe, a kind of cultivator.
HOECAKE,A cake of Indian meal, water, and salt, baked before the fireor in the
ashes; -- so called because often cooked on a hoe.[Southern U.S.]
HOEMOTHER,The basking or liver shark; -- called also homer. See Livershark, under
Liver.
HOFUL,Careful; wary. [Obs.] Stapleton.
HOG,A quadruped of the genus Sus, and allied genera of Suidæ; esp.,the domesticated
varieties of S. scrofa, kept for their fat and meat,called, respectively, lard and
pork; swine; porker; specifically, acastrated boar; a barrow.
HOGBACK,An upward curve or very obtuse angle in the upper surface ofany member, as
of a timber laid horizontally; -- the opposite ofcamber.
HOGCHAIN,A chain or tie rod, in a boat or barge, to prevent the vesselfrom hogging.
HOGCHOKER,An American sole (Achirus lineatus, or A. achirus), related tothe
European sole, but of no market value.
HOGCOTE,A shed for swine; a sty.
HOGFRAME,A trussed frame extending fore and aft, usually above deck, andintended to
increase the longitudinal strength and stiffness. Usedchiefly in American river and
lake steamers. Called also hoggingframe, and hogback.
HOGGED,Broken or strained so as to have an upward curve between theends. See Hog,
v. i.
HOGGER,A stocking without a foot, worn by coal miners at work.
HOGGER-PUMP,The for pump in the pit. Raymond.
HOGGEREL,A sheep of the second year. [Written also hogrel.] Ash.
HOGGERY,Hoggish character or manners; selfishness; greed; beastliness.Crime and
shame And all their hoggery. Mrs. Browning.
HOGGING,Drooping at the ends; arching;-in distinction from sagging.Hogging frame.
See Hogframe.
HOGGISH,Swinish; gluttonous; filthy; selfish.-- Hog"gish*ly, adv.-- Hog"gish*ness,
n.Is not a hoggish life the height of some men's wishes Shaftesbury.
HOGH,A hill; a cliff. [Obs.] Spenser.
HOGHERD,A swineherd. W. Browne.
HOGMANAY,The old name, in Scotland, for the last day of the year, onwhich children
go about singing, and receive a dole of bread orcakes; also, the entertainment
given on that day to a visitor, or thegift given to an applicant. [Scot.]
HOGNOSESNAKE,A harmless North American snake of the genus Heterodon, esp.
H.platyrhynos; -- called also puffing adder, blowing adder, and sandviper.
HOGO,High flavor; strong scent. [Obs.] Halliwell.
HOGPEN,A pen or sty for hogs.
HOGREEVE,A civil officer charged with the duty of impounding hogsrunning at large.
[New Eng.] Bartlett.
HOGRINGER,One who puts rings into the snouts of hogs.
HOGSCORE,A distance lime brawn across the rink or course between themiddle line and
the tee. [Scot.]
HOGSKIN,Leather tanned from a hog's skin. Also used adjectively.
HOGSTY,A pen, house, or inclosure, for hogs.
HOGWASH,Swill. Arbuthnot.
HOIDEN,Rustic; rude; bold. Younq.
HOIDENHOOD,State of being a hoiden.
HOIDENISH,Like, or appropriate to, a hoiden.
HOISE,To hoist. [Obs.]They . . . hoised up the mainsail to the wind. Acts xxvii.
40.
HOIST,To raise; to lift; to elevate; esp., to raise or lift to adesired elevation,
by means of tackle, as a sail, a flag, a heavypackage or weight.They land my goods,
and hoist my flying sails. Pope.Hoisting him into his father's throne.
South.Hoisting engine, a steam engine for operating a hoist.
HOISTAWAY,A mechanical lift. See Elevator.
HOISTWAY,An opening for the hoist, or
HOIT,To leap; to caper; to romp noisily. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
HOITY-TOITY,Thoughtless; giddy; flighty; also, haughty; patronizing; as, tobe in
hoity-toity spirits, or to assume hoity-toity airs; used alsoas an exclamation,
denoting surprise or disapprobation, with somedegree of contempt.Hoity-toity! What
have I to do with dreams Congreve.
HOKEDAY,Same as Hockday.
HOKER,Scorn; derision; abusive talk. [Obs.] -- Ho"ker*ly, adv. [Obs.]Chaucer.
HOL,Whole. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLARCTIC,Of or pert. to the arctic regions collectively; specif.(Zoögeography),
HOLASPIDEAN,Having a single series of large scutes on the posterior side ofthe
tarsus; -- said of certain birds.
HOLCAD,A large ship of burden, in ancient Greece. Mitford.
HOLD,The whole interior portion of a vessel below the lower deck, inwhich the cargo
is stowed.
HOLDER,One who is employed in the hold of a vessel.
HOLDER-FORTH,One who speaks in public; an haranguer; a preacher. Addison.
HOLDFAST,A conical or branching body, by which a seaweed is attached toits support,
and differing from a root in that it is not speciallyabsorbent of moisture.
HOLE IN THE AIR,= Air hole, above.
HOLE,Whole. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLETHNIC,Of or pertaining to a holethnos or parent race.The holethnic history of
the Arians. London Academy.
HOLETHNOS,A parent stock or race of people, not yet divided into separatebranches
or tribes.
HOLIBUT,See Halibut.
HOLIDAM,See Halidom.
HOLIDAY,A day fixed by law for suspension of business; a legal holiday.
HOLING,Undercutting in a bed of coal, in order to bring down the uppermass.
Raymond.
HOLLA,Hollo.
HOLLAND,A kind of linen first manufactured in Holland; a linen fabricused for
window shades, children's garments, etc.; as, brown orunbleached hollands.
HOLLANDISH,Relating to Holland; Dutch.
HOLLANDS,See Holland.
HOLLO,Ho there; stop; attend; hence, a loud cry or a call to attractattention; a
halloo.And every day, for food or play, Came to the mariner's hollo.Coleridge.
HOLLOA,Same as Hollo.
HOLLOW,To make hollow, as by digging, cutting, or engraving; toexcavate. "Trees
rudely hollowed." Dryden.
HOLLOW-HEARTED,Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity ordecayed
spot within.
HOLLOW-HORNED,Having permanent horns with a bony core, as cattle.
HOLLOWLY,Insincerely; deceitfully. Shak.
HOLLUSCHICKIE,A young male fur seal, esp. one from three to six years old; --called
also bachelor, because prevented from breeding by the olderfull-grown males.
HOLLY,Wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLLYHOCK,A species of Althæa (A. rosea), bearing flowers of variouscolors; --
called also rose mallow.
HOLM,A common evergreen oak, of Europe (Quercus Ilex); -- calledalso ilex, and
holly.
HOLMIA,An oxide of holmium.
HOLMIUM,A rare element said to be contained in gadolinite.-- Hol"mic, a.
HOLMOS,A name given to a vase having a rounded body; esp.:(a) A closed vessel of
nearly spherical form on a high stem orpedestal. Fairholt.(b) A drinking cup having
a foot and stem.
HOLO-,A combining form fr. Gr. "o`los whole.
HOLOBLAST,an ovum composed entirely of germinal matter. See Meroblast.
HOLOBLASTIC,Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of germinalmatter,
the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; -- opposed tomeroblastic.
HOLOCEPHALI,An order of elasmobranch fishes, including, among livingspecies, only
the chimæras; -- called also Holocephala. See Chimæra;also Illustration in
Appendix.
HOLOCRYPTIC,Wholly or completely concealing; incapable of being
deciphered.Holocryptic cipher, a cipher so constructed as to afford no clew toits
meaning to one ignorant of the key.
HOLOCRYSTALLINE,Completely crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all
theconstituents of which are crystalline.
HOLOGRAPH,A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in thehandwriting of the
person from whom it proceeds and whose act itpurports to be.
HOLOGRAPHIC,Of the nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.
HOLOHEDRAL,Having all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- inopposition to
hemihedral.
HOLOHEMIHEDRAL,Presenting hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants havehalt the
whole number of planes. Dana.
HOLOMETABOLA,Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis; metabola.
HOLOMETABOLIC,Having a complete metamorphosis;-said of certain insects, asthe
butterflies and bees.
HOLOMETER,An instrument for making of angular measurements.
HOLOPHANEROUS,Same as Holometabolic.
HOLOPHOTAL,Causing no loss of light; -- applied to reflectors which throwback the
rays of light without perceptible loss.
HOLOPHOTE,A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of lightand throw
them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.
HOLOPHRASTIC,Expressing a phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is thecase in
the aboriginal languages of America.
HOLOPHYTIC,Wholly or distinctively vegetable. Holophytic nutrition (, thatform of
nutrition, characteristic of vegetable organisms, in whichcarbonic acid, ammonia,
and nitrates are absorbed as food, indistinction from the animal mode of nutrition,
by the ingestion ofalbuminous matter.
HOLORHINAL,Having the nasal bones contiguous.
HOLOSIDERITE,Meteoric iron; a meteorite consisting of metallic iron withoutstony
matter.
HOLOSTEAN,Pertaining to the Holostei.
HOLOSTEI,An extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike,bowfin, etc.; the
bony ganoids. See Illustration in Appendix.
HOLOSTERIC,Wholly solid; -- said of a barometer constructed of solidmaterials to
show the variations of atmospheric pressure without theuse of liquids, as the
aneroid.
HOLOSTOMATA,An artificial division of gastropods, including those that havean
entire aperture.
HOLOSTOMATE,Same as Holostomatous.
HOLOSTOMATOUS,Having an entire aperture; -- said of many univalve shells.
HOLOSTOME,One of the Holostomata.
HOLOSTRACA,A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including those that areentirely
covered by a bivalve shell.
HOLOTHURE,A holothurian.
HOLOTHURIAN,( -- n.
HOLOTHURIOIDEA,One of the classes of echinoderms.
HOLOTRICHA,A group of ciliated Infusoria, having cilia all over the body.
HOLOUR,A whoremonger. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLSOM,Wholesome. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLSTEIN,One of a breed of cattle, originally from Schleswig-Holstein,valued for
the large amount of milk produced by the cows. The coloris usually black and white
in irregular patches.
HOLSTER,A leather case for a pistol, carried by a horseman at the bowof his saddle.
HOLSTERED,Bearing holsters. Byron.
HOLT,3d pers. sing. pres. of Hold, contr. from holdeth. [Obs.]Chaucer.
HOLWE,Hollow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOLY CROSS,The cross as the symbol of Christ's crucifixion. Congregationof the Holy
Cross (R. C. Ch.), a community of lay brothers andpriests, in France and the United
States, engaged chiefly in teachingand manual Labor. Originally called Brethren of
St. Joseph. TheSisters of the Holy Cross engage in similar work. Addis & Arnold.--
Holy-cross day, the fourteenth of September, observed as a churchfestival, in
memory of the exaltation of our Savior's cross.
HOLYSTONE,A stone used by seamen for scrubbing the decks of ships.Totten.
HOMACANTH,Having the dorsal fin spines symmetrical, and in the same line;-- said of
certain fishes.
HOMAGE,A symbolical acknowledgment made by a feudal tenant to, and inthe presence
of, his lord, on receiving investiture of fee, or comingto it by succession, that
he was his man, or vassal; profession offealty to a sovereign.
HOMAGEABLE,Subject to homage. Howell.
HOMAGER,One who does homage, or holds land of another by homage; avassal. Bacon.
HOMALOGRAPHIC,Same as Homolographic.
HOMARUS,A genus of decapod Crustacea, including the common lobsters.-- Hom"a*roid,
a.
HOMATROPINE,An alkaloid, prepared from atropine, and from other sources. Itis
chemically related to atropine, and is used for the same purpose.
HOMAXONIAL,Relating to that kind of homology or symmetry, the
mathematicalconception of organic form, in which all axes are equal. See
underPromorphology.
HOME,See Homelyn.
HOME-BOUND,Kept at home.
HOME-COMING,Return home.Kepeth this child, al be it foul or fayr, And eek my wyf,
unto mynhoom-cominge. Chaucer.
HOME-DRIVEN,Driven to the end, as a nail; driven close.
HOME-DWELLING,Keeping at home.
HOME-FELT,Felt in one's own breast; inward; private. "Home-felt quiet.Pope.
HOME-KEEPING,Staying at home; not gadding.Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits.
Shak.
HOME-SPEAKING,Direct, forcible, and effective speaking. Milton.
HOMEFIELD,Afield adjacent to its owner's home. Hawthorne.
HOMELESS,Destitute of a home.-- Home"less*ness, n.
HOMELIKE,Like a home; comfortable; cheerful; cozy; friendly.
HOMELILY,Plainly; inelegantly. [R.]
HOMELING,A person or thing belonging to a home or to a particularcountry; a native;
as, a word which is a homeling. Trench.
HOMELY,Plainly; rudely; coarsely; as, homely dressed. [R.] Spenser.
HOMELYN,The European sand ray (Raia maculata); -- called also home,mirror ray, and
rough ray.
HOMEMADE,Made at home; of domestic manufacture; made either in a privatefamily or
in one's own country. Locke.
HOMEOPATH,A practitioner of homeopathy. [Written also homoeopath.]
HOMEOPATHIC,Of or pertaining to homeopathy; according to the principles
ofhomeopathy. [Also homoepathic.]
HOMEOPATHICALLY,According to the practice of homeopathy. [Alsohomoepathically.]
HOMEOPATHIST,A believer in, or practitioner of, homeopathy. [Written
alsohomoepathist.]
HOMEOPATHY,The art of curing, founded on resemblances; the theory and itspractice
that disease is cured (tuto, cito, et jucunde) by remedieswhich produce on a
healthy person effects similar to the symptoms ofthe complaint under which the
patient suffers, the remedies beingusually administered in minute doses. This
system was founded by Dr.Samuel Hahnemann, and is opposed to allopathy, or
heteropathy.[Written also homoepathy.]
HOMER,A carrier pigeon remarkable for its ability to return home froma distance.
HOMERIC,Of or pertaining to Homer, the most famous of Greek poets;resembling the
poetry of Homer. Homeric verse, hexameter verse; -- socalled because used by Homer
in his epics.
HOMESICK,Pining for home; in a nostalgic condition.-- Home"sick`ness, n.
HOMESTALL,Place of a home; homestead. Cowper.
HOMESTEAD,The home and appurtenant land and buildings owned by the headof a family,
and occupied by him and his family. Homestead law. (a) Alaw conferring special
privileges or exemptions upon owners ofhomesteads; esp., a law exempting a
homestead from attachment or saleunder execution for general debts. Such laws, with
limitations as tothe extent or value of the property, exist in most of the
States.Called also homestead exemption law. (b) Also, a designation of anAct of
Congress authorizing and regulating the sale of public lands,in parcels of 160
acres each, to actual settlers. [U.S.]
HOMESTEADER,One who has entered upon a portion of the public land with thepurpose
of acquiring ownership of it under provisions of thehomestead law, so called; one
who has acquired a homestead in thismanner. [Local, U.S.]
HOMEWARD,Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
HOMICIDAL,Pertaining to homicide; tending to homicide; murderous.
HOMIFORM,In human form. [Obs.] Cudworth.
HOMILETE,A homilist.
HOMILETICS,The art of preaching; that branch of theology which treats ofhomilies or
sermons, and the best method of preparing and deliveringthem.
HOMILIST,One who prepares homilies; one who preaches to a congregation.
HOMILITE,A borosilicate of iron and lime, near datolite in form andcomposition.
HOMING,Home-returning; -- used specifically of carrier pigeons.
HOMINY,Maize hulled and broken, and prepared for food by being boiledin water.
[U.S.] [Written also homony.]
HOMISH,Like a home or a home circle.Quiet, cheerful, homish hospital life. E. E.
Hale.
HOMMOCK,A small eminence of a conical form, of land or of ice; a knoll;a hillock.
See Hummock. Bartram.
HOMMOCKY,Filled with hommocks; piled in the form of hommocks; -- said ofice.
HOMO-,A combining form from Gr. "omo`s, one and the same, common,joint.
HOMOCATEGORIC,Belonging to the same category of individuality; -- amorphological
term applied to organisms so related.
HOMOCENTRIC,Having the same center.
HOMOCERCAL,Having the tail nearly or quite symmetrical, the vertebralcolumn
terminating near its base; -- opposed to heterocercal.
HOMOCERCY,The possession of a homocercal tail.
HOMOCEREBRIN,A body similar to, or identical with, cerebrin.
HOMOCHROMOUS,Having all the florets in the same flower head of the samecolor.
HOMODEMIC,A morphological term signifying development, in the case ofmulticellular
organisms, from the same unit deme or unit of theinferior orders of individuality.
HOMODERMIC,Relating to homodermy; originating from the same germ layer.
HOMODERMY,Homology of the germinal layers.
HOMODONT,Having all the teeth similar in front, as in the porpoises; --opposed to
heterodont.
HOMODYNAMIC,Homodynamous. Quain.
HOMODYNAMOUS,Pertaining to, or involving, homodynamy; as, successive orhomodynamous
parts in plants and animals.
HOMODYNAMY,The homology of metameres. See Metamere. Gegenbaur.
HOMOEOMERIA,The state or quality of being homogeneous in elements or
firstprinciples; likeness or identity of parts.
HOMOEOMEROUS,Having the main artery of the leg parallel with the sciaticnerve; --
said of certain birds.
HOMOEOMERY,Same as Homoeomeria. [Obs.] Cudworth.
HOMOEOMORPHISM,A near similarity of crystalline forms between unlike
chemicalcompounds. See Isomorphism.
HOMOEOMORPHOUS,Manifesting homoeomorphism.
HOMOEOTHERMAL,See Homoiothermal.
HOMOEOZOIC,Pertaining to, or including, similar forms or kinds of life;as,
homoeozoic belts on the earth's surface. E. Forbes.
HOMOGAMOUS,Having all the flowers alike; -- said of such composite plantsas
Eupatorium, and the thistels.
HOMOGAMY,The condition of being homogamous.
HOMOGANGLIATE,Having the ganglia of the nervous system symmetricallyarranged, as in
certain invertebrates; -- opposed to heterogangliate.
HOMOGENE,Homogeneous. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
HOMOGENEAL,Homogeneous.
HOMOGENEALNESS,Homogeneousness.
HOMOGENEITY,Same as Homogeneousness.
HOMOGENEOUS,Possessing the same number of factors of a given kind; as, ahomogeneous
polynomial.
HOMOGENEOUSNESS,Sameness 9kind or nature; uniformity of structure or material.
HOMOGENESIS,That method of reproduction in which the successive generationsare
alike, the offspring, either animal or plant, running through thesame cycle of
existence as the parent; gamogenesis; -- opposed toheterogenesis.
HOMOGENETIC,Homogenous; -- applied to that class of homologies which arisefrom
similarity of structure, and which are taken as evidences ofcommon ancestry.
HOMOGENOUS,Having a resemblance in structure, due to descent from a
commonprogenitor with subsequent modification; homogenetic; -- applied bothto
animals and plants. See Homoplastic.
HOMOGENY,The correspondence of common descent; -- a term used tosupersede homology
by Lankester, who also used homoplasy to denoteany superinduced correspondence of
position and structure in partsembryonically distinct (other writers using the term
homoplasmy).Thus, there is homogeny between the fore limb of a mammal and thewing
of a bird; but the right and left ventricles of the heart inboth are only in
homoplasy with each other, these having arisenindependently since the divergence of
both groups from auniventricular ancestor.
HOMOGONOUS,Having all the flowers of a plant alike in respect to thestamens and
pistils.
HOMOGONY,The condition of having homogonous flowers.
HOMOGRAPH,One of two or more words identical in orthography, but havingdifferent
derivations and meanings; as, fair, n., a market, and fair,a., beautiful.
HOMOGRAPHIC,Possessing the property of homography.
HOMOGRAPHY,A relation between two figures, such that to any point of theone
corresponds one and but one point in the other, and vise versa.Thus, a tangent line
rolling on a circle cuts two fixed tangents ofthe circle in two sets of points that
are homographic.
HOMOIOPTOTON,A figure in which the several parts of a sentence end with thesame
case, or inflection generally.
HOMOIOTHERMAL,Maintaining a uniform temperature; hæmatothermal; homothermic;--
applied to warm-bodied animals, because they maintain a nearlyuniform temperature
in spite of the great variations in thesurrounding air; in distinct from the cold-
blooded (poikilothermal)animals, whose body temperature follows the variations in
temperatureof the surrounding medium.
HOMOIOUSIAN,One of the semi-Arians of the 4th century, who held that theSon was of
like, but not the same, essence or substance with theFather; -- opposed to
homoousian.
HOMOLOGATE,To approve; to allow; to confirm; as, the court homologates aproceeding.
Wheaton.
HOMOLOGATION,Confirmation or ratification (as of something otherwise nulland void),
by a court or a grantor.
HOMOLOGICAL,Pertaining to homology; having a structural affinity proceedingfrom, or
base upon, that kind of relation termed homology.-- Ho`mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
HOMOLOGINIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, homology; as, homologinicqualities,
or differences.
HOMOLOGIZE,To determine the homologies or structural relations of.
HOMOLOGON,See Homologue.
HOMOLOGOUMENA,Those books of the New Testament which were acknowledged ascanonical
by the early church; -- distinguished from antilegomena.
HOMOLOGOUS,Having the same relative position, proportion, value, orstructure.
Especially:(a) (Geom.) Corresponding in relative position and proportion.In similar
polygons, the corresponding sides, angles, diagonals,etc., are homologous. Davies &
Peck (Math. Dict. ).(b) (Alg.)
HOMOLOGRAPHIC,Preserving the mutual relations of parts, especially as to sizeand
form; maintaining relative proportion. Homolographic projection,a method of
constructing geographical charts or maps, so that thesurfaces, as delineated on a
plane, have the same relative size asthe real surfaces; that is, so that the
relative actual areas of thedifferent countries are accurately represented by the
correspondingportions of the map.
HOMOLOGUE,That which is homologous to something else; as, thecorresponding sides,
etc., of similar polygons are the homologues ofeach other; the members or terms of
an homologous series in chemistryare the homologues of each other; one of the bones
in the hand of manis the homologue of that in the paddle of a whale.
HOMOLOGY,Correspondence or relation in type of structure incontradistinction to
similarity of function; as, the relation instructure between the leg and arm of a
man; or that between the armof a man, the fore leg of a horse, the wing of a bird,
and the fin ofa fish, all these organs being modifications of one type ofstructure.
HOMOMALLOUS,Uniformly bending or curving to one side; -- said of leaveswhich grow
on several sides of a stem.
HOMOMORPHISM,Same as Homomorphy.
HOMOMORPHY,Similarity of form; resemblance in external characters, whilewidely
different in fundamental structure; resemblance in geometricground form. See
Homophyly, Promorphology.
HOMONOMOUS,Of or pertaining to homonomy.
HOMONOMY,The homology of parts arranged on transverse axes. Haeckel.
HOMONYM,A word having the same sound as another, but differing from itin meaning;
as the noun bear and the verb bear. [Written alsohomonyme.]
HOMONYMY,Same as Homoplast.
HOMOOUSIAN,One of those, in the 4th century, who accepted the Nicenecreed, and
maintained that the Son had the same essence or substancewith the Father; --
opposed to homoiousian.
HOMOPHYLIC,Relating to homophily.
HOMOPHYLY,That form of homology due to common ancestry (phylogenetichomology), in
opposition to homomorphy, to which genealogic basis iswanting. Haeckel.
HOMOPLASMY,Resemblance between different plants or animals, in externalshape, in
general habit, or in organs, which is not due to descentfrom a common ancestor, but
to similar surrounding circumstances.
HOMOPLAST,One of the plastids composing the idorgan of Haeckel; -- alsocalled
homoörgan.
HOMOPLASTIC,Of or pertaining to homoplasty; as, homoplasticorgans;homoplastic
forms.
HOMOPLASTY,The formation of homologous tissues.
HOMOPLASY,See Homogeny.
HOMOPOLIC,In promorphology, pertaining to or exhibiting that kind oforganic form,
in which the stereometric ground form is a pyramid,with similar poles. See
Promorphology.
HOMOPTER,One of the Homoptera.
HOMOPTERA,A suborder of Hemiptera, in which both pairs of wings aresimilar in
texture, and do not overlap when folded, as in the cicada.See Hemiptera.
HOMOPTERAN,An homopter.
HOMOPTEROUS,Of or pertaining to the Homoptera.
HOMOSTYLED,Having only one form of pistils; -- said of the flowers of someplants.
Darwin.
HOMOSYSTEMIC,Developing, in the case of multicellular organisms, from thesame
embryonic systems into which the secondary unit (gastrula orplant enbryo)
differentiates.
HOMOTAXIA,Same as Homotaxis.
HOMOTAXIS,Similarly in arrangement of parts; -- the opposite ofheterotaxy.
HOMOTAXY,Same as Homotaxis.
HOMOTONOUS,Of the same tenor or tone; equable; without variation.
HOMOTYPAL,Of the same type of structure; pertaining to a homotype; as,homotypal
parts.
HOMOTYPE,That which has the same fundamental type of structure withsomething else;
thus, the right arm is the homotype of the right leg;one arm is the homotype of the
other, etc. Owen.
HOMOTYPY,A term suggested by Haeckel to be instead of serial homology.See Homotype.
HOMUNCULUS,A little man; a dwarf; a manikin. Sterne.
HOND,Hand. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HONE,To pine; to lament; to long. Lamb.
HONEST,To adorn; to grace; to honor; to make becoming, appropriate, orhonorable.
[Obs.] Abp. Sandys.
HONESTATION,The act of honesting; grace; adornment. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
HONESTETEE,Honesty; honorableness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HONESTY,Satin flower; the name of two cruciferous herbs having largeflat pods, the
round shining partitions of which are more beautifulthan the blossom; -- called
also lunary and moonwort. Lunaria biennisis common honesty; L. rediva is perennial
honesty.
HONEWORT,An umbelliferous plant of the genus Sison (S.Amomum); -- socalled because
used to cure a swelling called a hone.
HONEY,To be gentle, agreeable, or coaxing; to talk fondly; to useendearments; also,
to be or become obsequiously courteous orcomplimentary; to fawn. "Honeying and
making love." Shak.Rough to common men, But honey at the whisper of a lord.
Tennyson.
HONEY-BAG,The receptacle for honey in a honeybee. Shak. Grew.
HONEY-MOUTHED,Soft to sweet in speech; persuasive. Shak.
HONEY-SWEET,Sweet as honey. Chaucer.
HONEY-TONGUED,Sweet speaking; persuasive; seductive. Shak.
HONEYBEE,Any bee of the genus Apis, which lives in communities andcollects honey,
esp. the common domesticated hive bee (Apismellifica), the Italian bee (A.
ligustica), and the Arabiab bee (A.fasciata). The two latter are by many
entomologists considered onlyvarieties of the common hive bee. Each swarm of bees
consists of alarge number of workers (barren females), with, ordinarily, one
queenor fertile female, but in the swarming season several young queens,and a
number of males or drones, are produced.
HONEYBIRD,The honey guide.
HONEYCOMBED,Formed or perforated like a honeycomb.Each bastion was honeycombed with
casements. Motley.
HONEYLESS,Destitute of honey. Shak.
HONEYMOON,The first month after marriage. Addison.
HONEYSTONE,See Mellite.
HONEYSUCKER,See Honey eater, under Honey.
HONEYSUCKLE,One of several species of flowering plants, much admired fortheir
beauty, and some for their fragrance.
HONEYSUCKLED,Covered with honeysuckles.
HONEYWARE,See Badderlocks.
HONEYWORT,A European plant of the genus Cerinthe, whose flowers are veryattractive
to bees. Loudon.
HONG,A mercantile establishment or factory for foreign trade inChina, as formerly
at Canton; a succession of offices connected by acommon passage and used for
business or storage. Hong merchant, oneof the few Chinese merchants who, previous
to the treaty of 1842,formed a guild which had the exclusive privilege of trading
withforeigners.
HONIED,See Honeyed.
HONITON LACE,. A kind of pillow lace, remarkable for the beauty of itsfigures; --
so called because chiefly made in Honiton, England.
HONK,The cry of a wild goose.-- Honk"ing, n.
HONOR,A seigniory or lordship held of the king, on which otherlordships and manors
depended. Cowell.
HONORABLY,An honorary payment, usually in recognition of services forwhich it is
not usual or not lawful to assign a fixed business price.Heumann.
HONORER,One who honors.
HONORIFIC,Conferring honor; tending to honor. London. Spectator.
HONORLESS,Destitute of honor; not honored. Bp. Warburton.
HONT,See under Hunt. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HONVEDSEG,See Army organization, above.
HOOD,The endmost plank of a strake which reaches the stem or stern.
HOODCAP,See Hooded seal, under Hooded.
HOODLESS,Having no hood.
HOODLUM,A young rowdy; a rough, lawless fellow. [Colloq. U.S.]
HOODMAN,The person blindfolded in the game called hoodman-blind. [Obs.]Shak.
HOODMAN-BLIND,An old term for blindman's buff. Shak.
HOODOO,One who causes bad luck. [Colloq.]
HOODY,The hooded crow; also, in Scotland, the hooded gull.
HOOF,See Ungula.
HOOFBOUND,Having a dry and contracted hoof, which occasions pain andlameness.
HOOFED,Furnished with hoofs. Grew.
HOOFLESS,Destitute of hoofs.
HOOK,See Eccentric, and V-hook.
HOOK-BILLED,Having a strongly curved bill.
HOOK-NOSED,Having a hooked or aquiline nose. Shak.
HOOKAH,A pipe with a long, flexible stem, so arranged that the smokeis cooled by
being made to pass through water.
HOOKEDNESS,The state of being bent like a hook; incurvation.
HOOKER,Spur gearing having teeth slanting across the face of thewheel, sometimes
slanting in opposite directions from the middle.
HOOKEY,See Hockey.
HOOKLET,A little hook.
HOOKY,Full of hooks; pertaining to hooks.
HOOL,Whole. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOOLOCK,A small black gibbon (Hylobates hoolock), found in themountains of Assam.
HOOM,Home. Chaucer.
HOONOOMAUN,An Indian monkey. See Entellus. [Written also hoonuman.]
HOOP,The hoopoe. See Hoopoe.
HOOPER,One who hoops casks or tubs; a cooper.
HOOSIER STATE,Indiana; -- a nickname of obscure origin.
HOOSIER,A nickname given to an inhabitant of the State of Indiana.[U.S.]
HOOT,To assail with contemptuous cries or shouts; to follow withderisive
shouts.Partridge and his clan may hoot me for a cheat. Swift.
HOOVE,A disease in cattle consisting in inflammation of the stomachby gas,
ordinarily caused by eating too much green food; tympany;bloating.
HOP,A climbing plant (Humulus Lupulus), having a long, twining,annual stalk. It is
cultivated for its fruit (hops).
HOP-THUMB,See Hop-o'-my-thumb.
HOPEITE,A hydrous phosphate of zinc in transparent prismatic crystals.
HOPER,One who hopes. Swift.
HOPINGLY,In a hopeful manner. Hammond.
HOPLITE,A heavy-armed infantry soldier. Milford.
HOPPED,Impregnated with hops.
HOPPER,See Grasshopper, 2.
HOPPERDOZER,An appliance for the destruction of insects, consisting of ashallow
iron box, containing kerosene or coated with tar or othersticky substance, which
may be mounted on wheels.
HOPPERINGS,Gravel retaining in the hopper of a cradle.
HOPPESTERE,An unexplained epithet used by Chaucer in reference to ships.By some it
is defined as "dancing (on the wave)"; by others as"opposing," "warlike." T. R.
Lounsbury.
HOPPING,The act of one who, or that which, hops; a jumping, frisking,or dancing.
Hopping Dick (Zoöl.), a thrush of Jamaica (Merulaleucogenys), resembling the
English blackbird in its familiarmanners, agreeable song, and dark plumage.
HOPPLE,A fetter for horses, or cattle, when turned out to graze; --chiefly used in
the plural.
HOPPLEBUSH,Same as Hobblebush.
HOPSCOTCH,A child's game, in which a player, hopping on one foot, drivesa stone
from one compartment to another of a figure traced orscotched on the ground; --
called also hoppers.
HOPYARD,A field where hops are raised.
HORAL,Of or pertaining to an hour, or to hours. Prior.
HORALY,Hourly. [Obs.]
HORATIAN,Of or pertaining to Horace, the Latin poet, or resembling hisstyle.
HORDE,A wandering troop or gang; especially, a clan or tribe of anomadic people
migrating from place to place for the sake ofpasturage, plunder, etc.; a predatory
multitude. Thomson.
HORDEIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, barley; as, hordeic acid, anacid identical
or isomeric with lauric acid.
HORDEIN,A peculiar starchy matter contained in barley. It is complexmixture. [R.]
HORDEOLUM,A small tumor upon the eyelid, resembling a grain of barley; asty.
HORDOCK,An unidentified plant mentioned by Shakespeare, perhapsequivalent to
burdock.
HORE,Hoar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOREHOUND,A plant of the genus Marrubium (M. vulgare), which has a bittertaste, and
is a weak tonic, used as a household remedy for colds,coughing, etc. [Written also
hoarhound.] Fetid horehound, or Blackhorehound, a disagreeable plant resembling
horehound (Ballota nigra).-- Water horehound, a species of the genus Lycopus,
resembling mint,but not aromatic.
HORIZON,The epoch or time during which a deposit was made.The strata all over the
earth, which were formed at the same time,are said to belong to the same geological
horizon. Le Conte.
HORIZONTALITY,The state or quality of being horizontal. Kirwan.
HORIZONTALLY,In a horizontal direction or position; on a level; as,
movinghorizontally.
HORMOGONIUM,A chain of small cells in certain algæ, by which the plant
ispropogated.
HORMONE,A chemical substance formed in one organ and carried in thecirculation to
another organ on which it exerts a stimulating effect;thus, according to Starling,
the gastric glands are stimulated by ahormone from the pyloric mucous membrane.
HORN,Any natural projection or excrescence from an animal,resembling or thought to
resemble a horn in substance or form; esp.:(a) A projection from the beak of a
bird, as in the hornbill. (b) Atuft of feathers on the head of a bird, as in the
horned owl. (c) Ahornlike projection from the head or thorax of an insect, or the
headof a reptile, or fish. (d) A sharp spine in front of the fins of afish, as in
the horned pout.
HORN-MAD,Quite mad; -- raving crazy.Did I tell you about Mr. Garrick, that the town
are horn-mad afterGray.
HORNBEAK,A fish. See Hornfish.
HORNBEAM,A tree of the genus Carpinus (C. Americana), having a smoothgray bark and
a ridged trunk, the wood being white and very hard. Itis common along the banks of
streams in the United States, and isalso called ironwood. The English hornbeam is
C. Betulus. TheAmerican is called also blue beech and water beech. Hop hornbeam.
(Bot.) See under Hop.
HORNBILL,Any bird of the family Bucerotidæ, of which about sixty speciesare known,
belonging to numerous genera. They inhabit the tropicalparts of Asia, Africa, and
the East Indies, and are remarkable forhaving a more or less horn-like
protuberance, which is usually largeand hollow and is situated on the upper side of
the beak. The size ofthe hornbill varies from that of a pigeon to that of a raven,
or evenlarger. They feed chiefly upon fruit, but some species eat deadanimals.
HORNBLENDE,The common black, or dark green or brown, variety of amphibole.(See
Amphibole.) It belongs to the aluminous division of the species,and is also
characterized by its containing considerable iron. Alsoused as a general term to
include the whole species. Hornblendeschist (Geol.), a hornblende rock of schistose
structure.
HORNBLENDIC,Composed largely of hornblende; resembling or relating tohornblende.
HORNBLOWER,One who, or that which, blows a horn.
HORNBUG,A large nocturnal beetle of the genus Lucanus (as L. capreolus,and L.
dama), having long, curved upper jaws, resembling a sickle.The grubs are found in
the trunks of old trees.
HORNED,Furnished with a horn or horns; furnished with a hornlikeprocess or
appendage; as, horned cattle; having some part shaped likea horn.The horned moon
with one bright star Within the nether tip.Coleridge.Horned bee (Zoöl.), a British
wild bee (Osmia bicornis), having twolittle horns on the head.-- Horned dace
(Zoöl.), an American cyprinoid fish (Semotiluscorporialis) common in brooks and
ponds; the common chub. See Illust.of Chub.-- Horned frog (Zoöl.), a very large
Brazilian frog (Ceratophryscornuta), having a pair of triangular horns arising from
the eyelids.-- Horned grebe (Zoöl.), a species of grebe (Colymbus auritus),
ofArctic Europe and America, having two dense tufts of feathers on thehead.--
Horned horse (Zoöl.), the gnu.-- Horned lark (Zoöl.), the shore lark.-- Horned
lizard (Zoöl.), the horned toad.-- Horned owl (Zoöl.), a large North American owl
(BuboVirginianus), having a pair of elongated tufts of feathers on thehead. Several
distinct varieties are known; as, the Arctic, Western,dusky, and striped horned
owls, differing in color, and inhabitingdifferent regions; -- called also great
horned owl, horn owl, eagleowl, and cat owl. Sometimes also applied to the long-
eared owl. SeeEared owl, under Eared.-- Horned poppy. (Bot.) See Horn poppy, under
Horn.-- Horned pout (Zoöl.), an American fresh-water siluroid fish; thebullpout.--
Horned rattler (Zoöl.), a species of rattlesnake (Crotaluscerastes), inhabiting the
dry, sandy plains, from California toMexico. It has a pair of triangular horns
between the eyes; -- calledalso sidewinder.-- Horned ray (Zoöl.), the sea devil.--
Horned screamer (Zoöl.), the kamichi.-- Horned snake (Zoöl.), the cerastes.--
Horned toad (Zoöl.), any lizard of the genus Phrynosoma, of whichnine or ten
species are known. These lizards have several hornlikespines on the head, and a
broad, flat body, covered with spinyscales. They inhabit the dry, sandy plains from
California to Mexicoand Texas. Called also horned lizard.-- Horned viper. (Zoöl.)
See Cerastes.
HORNEDNESS,The condition of being horned.
HORNEL,The European sand eel. [Scot.]
HORNER,The British sand lance or sand eel (Ammodytes lanceolatus).
HORNET,A large, strong wasp. The European species (Vespa crabro) is ofa dark brown
and yellow color. It is very pugnacious, and its stingis very severe. Its nest is
constructed of a paperlike material, andthe layers of comb are hung together by
columns. The American white-faced hornet (V. maculata) is larger and has similar
habits. Hornetfly (Zoöl.), any dipterous insect of the genus Asilus, and
alliedgenera, of which there are numerous species. They are large andfierce flies
which capture bees and other insects, often larger thanthemselves, and suck their
blood. Called also hawk fly, robber fly.-- To stir up a hornet's nest, to provoke
the attack of a swarm ofspiteful enemies or spirited critics. [Colloq.]
HORNFISH,The garfish or sea needle.
HORNFOOT,Having hoofs; hoofed.
HORNIFY,To horn; to cuckold. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
HORNING,Appearance of the moon when increasing, or in the form of acrescent. J.
Gregory. Letters of horning (Scots Law), the process orauthority by which a person,
directed by the decree of a court ofjustice to pay or perform anything, is ordered
to comply therewith.Mozley & W.
HORNISH,Somewhat like horn; hard.
HORNITO,A low, oven-shaped mound, common in volcanic regions, andemitting smoke and
vapors from its sides and summit. Humboldt.
HORNLESS,Having no horn.
HORNOTINE,A yearling; a bird of the year.
HORNOWL,See Horned Owl.
HORNPIKE,The garfish. [Prov. Eng.]
HORNPOUT,See Horned pout, under Horned.
HORNSNAKE,A harmless snake (Farancia abacura), found in the SouthernUnited States.
The color is bluish black above, red below.
HORNSTONE,A siliceous stone, a variety of quartz, closely resemblingflint, but more
brittle; -- called also chert.
HORNTAIL,Any one of family (Uroceridæ) of large hyminopterous insects,allied to the
sawflies. The larvæ bore in the wood of trees. Socalled from the long, stout
ovipositors of the females.
HORNWORK,An outwork composed of two demibastions joined by a curtain. Itis
connected with the works in rear by long wings.
HORNWORT,An aquatic plant (Ceratophyllum), with finely divided leaves.
HORNWRACK,A bryozoan of the genus Flustra.
HORNY-HANDED,Having the hands horny and callous from labor.
HORNYHEAD,Any North American river chub of the genus Hybopsis, esp. H.biguttatus.
HOROLOGER,A maker or vender of clocks and watches; one skilled inhorology.
HOROLOGICAL,Relating to a horologe, or to horology.
HOROLOGIOGRAPHER,A maker of clocks, watches, or dials.
HOROLOGIOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to horologiography. Chambers.
HOROLOGIST,One versed in horology.
HOROLOGY,The science of measuring time, or the principles and art ofconstructing
instruments for measuring and indicating portions oftime, as clocks, watches,
dials, etc.
HOROMETER,An instrument for measuring time.
HOROMETRICAL,Belonging to horometry.
HOROMETRY,The art, practice, or method of measuring time by hours andsubordinate
divisions. "The horometry of antiquity." Sir T. Browne.
HOROPTER,The line or surface in which are situated all the points whichare seen
single while the point of sight, or the adjustment of theeyes, remains
unchanged.The sum of all the points which are seen single, while the point ofsight
remains unchanged, is called the horopter. J. Le Conte.
HOROPTERIC,Of or pertaining to the horopter.
HOROSCOPE,One versed in horoscopy; an astrologer.
HORRENDOUS,Fearful; frightful. [Obs.] I. Watts.
HORRENT,Standing erect, as bristles; covered with bristling points;bristled;
bristling.Rough and horrent with figures in strong relief. De Quincey.With bright
emblazonry and horrent arms. Milton.
HORRIBLE,Exciting, or tending to excite, horror or fear; dreadful;terrible;
shocking; hideous; as, a horrible sight; a horrible story;a horrible murder.A
dungeon horrible on all sides round. Milton.
HORRIBLENESS,The state or quality of being horrible; dreadfulness;hideousness.The
horribleness of the mischief. Sir P. Sidney.
HORRIBLY,In a manner to excite horror; dreadfully; terribly.
HORRIDLY,In a horrid manner. Shak.
HORRIDNESS,The quality of being horrid.
HORRIFIC,Causing horror; frightful.Let . . . nothing ghastly or horrific be
supposed. I. Taylor.
HORRIFICATION,That which causes horror. [R.] Miss Edgeworth.
HORRIFY,To cause to feel horror; to strike or impress with horror; as,the sight
horrified the beholders. E. Irving.
HORRIPILATION,A real or fancied bristling of the hair of the head or body,resulting
from disease, terror, chilliness, etc.
HORRISONANT,Horrisonous. [Obs.]
HORRISONOUS,Sounding dreadfully; uttering a terrible sound. [Obs.] Bailey.
HORROR-STICKEN,Struck with horror; horrified.Blank and horror-stricken faces. C.
Kingsley.
HORROR-STRUCK,Horror-stricken; horrified. M. Arnold.
HORS DE COMBAT,Out of the combat; disabled from fighting.
HORSE GUARDS,A body of cavalry so called; esp., a British regiment, calledthe Royal
Horse Guards, which furnishes guards of state for thesovereign. The Horse Guards, a
name given to the former headquartersof the commander in chief of the British army,
at Whitehall inLondon.
HORSE POWER,.
HORSE,A hoofed quadruped of the genus Equus; especially, the domestichorse (E.
caballus), which was domesticated in Egypt and Asia at avery early period. It has
six broad molars, on each side of each jaw,with six incisors, and two canine teeth,
both above and below. Themares usually have the canine teeth rudimentary or
wanting. The horsediffers from the true asses, in having a long, flowing mane, and
thetail bushy to the base. Unlike the asses it has callosities, orchestnuts, on all
its legs. The horse excels in strength, speed,docility, courage, and nobleness of
character, and is used fordrawing, carrying, bearing a rider, and like purposes.
HORSE-LEECH,A large blood-sucking leech (Hæmopsis vorax), of Europe andNorthern
Africa. It attacks the lips and mouths of horses.
HORSE-LEECHERY,The business of a farrier; especially, the art of curing thediseases
of horses.
HORSE-LITTER,A carriage hung on poles, and borne by and between two horses.Milton.
HORSE-RADISH,A plant of the genus Nasturtium (N. Armoracia), allied toscurvy grass,
having a root of a pungent taste, much used, whengrated, as a condiment and in
medicine. Gray. Horse-radish tree.(Bot.) See Moringa.
HORSEFLY,Any dipterous fly of the family Tabanidæ, that stings horses,and sucks
their blood.
HORSEFOOT,The coltsfoot.
HORSEHAIR,A hair of a horse, especially one from the mane or tail; thehairs of the
mane or tail taken collectively; a fabric or tuft madeof such hairs. Horsehair worm
(Zoöl.), the hair worm or gordius.
HORSEHEAD,The silver moonfish (Selene vomer).
HORSEKNOP,Knapweed.
HORSELAUGH,A loud, boisterous laugh; a guffaw. Pope.
HORSELESS,Being without a horse; specif., not requiring a horse; -- saidof certain
vehicles in which horse power has been replaced byelectricity, steam, etc.; as, a
horseless carriage or truck.
HORSEMAN,A mounted soldier; a cavalryman.
HORSEMANSHIP,The act or art of riding, and of training and managing horses;manege.
HORSENAIL,A thin, pointed nail, with a heavy flaring head, for securing ahorsehoe
to the hoof; a horsehoe nail.
HORSEPLAY,Rude, boisterous play.Too much given to horseplay in his raillery.
Dryden.
HORSEPOND,A pond for watering horses.
HORSERAKE,A rake drawn by a horse.
HORSESHOE,The Limulus of horsehoe crab. Horsehoe head (Med.), an old namefor the
condition of the skull in children, in which the sutures aretoo open, the coronal
suture presenting the form of a horsehoe.Dunglison.-- Horsehoe magnet, an
artificial magnet in the form of a horsehoe.-- Horsehoe nail. See Horsenail.--
Horsehoe nose (Zoöl.), a bat of the genus Rhinolophus, having anasal fold of skin
shaped like a horsehoe.
HORSESHOEING,The act or employment of shoeing horses.
HORSESHOER,One who shoes horses.
HORSETAIL,A leafless plant, with hollow and rushlike stems. It is of thegenus
Equisetum, and is allied to the ferns. See Illust. ofEquisetum.
HORSEWEED,A composite plant (Erigeron Canadensis), which is a commonweed.
HORSEWHIP,A whip for horses.
HORSEWOMAN,A woman who rides on horseback.
HORSEWOOD,A West Indian tree (Calliandra latifolia) with showy, crimsonblossoms.
HORSEWORM,The larva of a botfly.
HORSLY,Horselike. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HORSY,Pertaining to, or suggestive of, a horse, or of horse racing;as, horsy
manners; garments of fantastically horsy fashions.[Colloq.]
HORTATION,The act of exhorting, inciting, or giving advice; exhortation.[R.]
HORTATIVE,Giving exhortation; advisory; exhortative. Bullokar.
HORTATORY,Giving exhortation or advise; encouraging; exhortatory;inciting; as, a
hortatory speech. Holland.
HORTENSIAL,Fit for a garden. [Obs.] Evelyn.
HORTICULTOR,One who cultivates a garden.
HORTICULTURAL,Of or pertaining to horticulture, or the culture of gardens
ororchards.
HORTICULTURE,The cultivation of a garden or orchard; the art of cultivatinggardens
or orchards.
HORTICULTURIST,One who practices horticulture.
HORTULAN,Belonging to a garden. [Obs.] Evelyn.
HORTUS SICCUS,A collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved, andarranged
systematically; an herbarium.
HORTYARD,An orchard. [Obs.]
HOSANNA,A Hebrew exclamation of praise to the Lord, or an invocation ofblessings.
"Hosanna to the Highest." Milton.Hosanna to the Son of David. Matt. xxi. 9.
HOSEN,See Hose. [Archaic]
HOSIER,One who deals in hose or stocking, or in goods knit or wovenlike hose.
HOSPICE,A convent or monastery which is also a place of refuge orentertainment for
travelers on some difficult road or pass, as in theAlps; as, the Hospice of the
Great St. Bernard.
HOSPITABLENESS,The quality of being hospitable; hospitality. Barrow.
HOSPITABLY,In a hospitable manner.
HOSPITAGE,Hospitality. [Obs.] Spenser.
HOSPITAL,Hospitable. [Obs.] Howell.
HOSPITALISM,A vitiated condition of the body, due to long confinement in ahospital,
or the morbid condition of the atmosphere of a hospital.
HOSPITALITY,The act or practice of one who is hospitable; reception
andentertainment of strangers or guests without reward, or with kind andgenerous
liberality.Given to hospitality. Rom. xii. 13.And little recks to find the way to
heaven By doing deeds ofhospitality. Shak.
HOSPITALIZE,To render (a building) unfit for habitation, by long continueduse as a
hospital.
HOSPITATE,To receive hospitality; to be a guest. [Obs.] Grew.
HOSPITIUM,An inn of court.
HOSPODAR,A title borne by the princes or governors of Moldavia andWallachia before
those countries were united as Roumania.
HOST PLANT,A plant which aids, shelters, or protects another plant in itsgrowth, as
those which are used for nurse crops.
HOST,The consecrated wafer, believed to be the body of Christ, whichin the Mass is
offered as a sacrifice; also, the bread beforeconsecration.
HOSTAGE,A person given as a pledge or security for the performance ofthe conditions
of a treaty or stipulations of any kind, on theperformance of which the person is
to be released.Your hostages I have, so have you mine; And we shall talk before
wefight. Shak.He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to
fortune.Bacon.
HOSTELRY,An inn; a lodging house. [Archaic] Chaucer. "Homely brought upin a rude
hostelry." B. Jonson.Come with me to the hostelry. Longfellow.
HOSTESS-SHIP,The character, personality, or office of a hostess. Shak.
HOSTIE,The consecrated wafer; the host. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
HOSTILE,Belonging or appropriate to an enemy; showing the dispositionof an enemy;
showing ill will and malevolence, or a desire to thwartand injure; occupied by an
enemy or enemies; inimical; unfriendly;as, a hostile force; hostile intentions; a
hostile country; hostileto a sudden change.
HOSTILELY,In a hostile manner.
HOSTILIZE,To make hostile; to cause to become an enemy. [Obs.] A. Seward.
HOSTLER,The person who takes charge of a locomotive when it is left bythe engineer
after a trip.
HOSTLESS,Inhospitable. [Obs.] "A hostless house." Spenser.
HOT BLAST,See under Blast.
HOT,of Hote. [Obs.] Spenser.
HOT-BLOODED,Having hot blood; excitable; high-spirited; irritable;
ardent;passionate.
HOT-BRAINED,Ardent in temper; violent; rash; impetuous; as, hot-brainedyouth.
Dryden.
HOT-HEAD,A violent, passionate person; a hasty or impetuous person; as,the rant of
a hot-head.
HOT-HEADED,Fiery; violent; rash; hasty; impetuous; vehement. Macaulay.
HOT-LIVERED,Of an excitable or irritable temperament; irascible. Milton.
HOT-MOUTHED,Headstrong.That hot-mouthed beast that bears against the curb. Dryden.
HOT-SHORT,More or less brittle when heated; as, hot-short iron.
HOT-SPIRITED,Having a fierly spirit; hot-headed.
HOTBED,A bed of earth heated by fermenting manure or other substances,and covered
with glass, intended for raising early plants, or fornourishing exotics.
HOTCHKISS GUN,A built-up, rifled, rapid-fire gun of oil-tempered steel,having a
rectangular breechblock which moves horizontally orvertically in a mortise cut
completely through the jacket. It is madein France.
HOTCOCKLES,A childish play, in which one covers his eyes, and guesses whostrikes
him or his hand placed behind him.
HOTEL-DE-VILLE,A city hall or townhouse.
HOTEL-DIEU,A hospital.
HOTEN,of Hote.
HOTFOOT,In haste; foothot. [Colloq.]
HOTHOUSE,A heated room for drying green ware.
HOTPRESS,To apply to, in conjunction with mechanical pressure, for thepurpose of
giving a smooth and glosay surface, or to express oil,etc.; as, to hotpress paper,
linen, etc.
HOTPRESSED,Pressed while heat is applied. See Hotpress, v. t.
HOTSPUR,A rash, hot-headed man. Holinshed.
HOTTENTOT,One of a degraded and savage race of South Africa, withyellowish brown
complexion, high cheek bones, and wooly hair growingin tufts.
HOTTENTOTISM,A term employed to describe one of the varieties of stammering.Tylor.
HOUDAH,See Howdah.
HOUGH,Same as Hock, a joint.
HOULET,An owl. See Howlet.
HOULT,A piece of woodland; a small wood. [Obs.] See Holt.
HOUND,A variety of the domestic dog, usually having large, droopingears, esp. one
which hunts game by scent, as the foxhound,bloodhound, deerhound, but also used for
various breeds of fleethunting dogs, as the greyhound, boarhound, etc.Hounds and
greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs. Shak.
HOUNDFISH,Any small shark of the genus Galeus or Mustelus, of which thereare
several species, as the smooth houndfish (G. canis), of Europeand America; --
called also houndshark, and dogfish.
HOUNDING,The part of a mast below the hounds and above the deck.
HOUP,See Hoopoe. [Obs.]
HOUR,Certain prayers to be repeated at stated times of the day, asmatins and
vespers.
HOURGLASS,An instrument for measuring time, especially the interval of anhour. It
consists of a glass vessel having two compartments, from theuppermost of which a
quantity of sand, water, or mercury occupies anhour in running through a small
aperture unto the lower.
HOURI,A nymph of paradise; -- so called by the Mohammedans.
HOURLY,Happening or done every hour; occurring hour by hour; frequent;often
repeated; renewed hour by hour; continual.In hourly expectation of a martyrdom.
Sharp.
HOURS,Goddess of the seasons, or of the hours of the day.Lo! where the rosy-
blosomed Hours, Fair Venus' train, appear. Gray.
HOUSAGE,A fee for keeping goods in a house. [R.] Chambers.
HOUSE,A firm, or commercial establishment.
HOUSEBOTE,Wood allowed to a tenant for repairing the house and for fuel.This latter
is often called firebote. See Bote.
HOUSEBREAKER,One who is guilty of the crime of housebreaking.
HOUSEBREAKING,The act of breaking open and entering, with a feloniouspurpose, the
dwelling house of another, whether done by day or night.See Burglary, and To break
a house, under Break.
HOUSEBUILDER,One whose business is to build houses; a housewright.
HOUSECARL,A household servant; also, one of the bodyguard of King Canute.
HOUSEHOLD,Belonging to the house and family; domestic; as, householdfurniture;
household affairs. Household bread, bread made in thehouse for common use; hence,
bread that is not of the finest quality.[Obs.] -- Household gods (Rom. Antiq.), the
gods presiding over thehouse and family; the Lares and Penates; hence, all objects
endearedby association with home.-- Household troops, troops appointed to attend
and guard thesovereign or his residence.
HOUSEHOLDER,The master or head of a family; one who occupies a house withhis
family.Towns in which almost every householder was an English
Protestant.Macaulay.Compound householder. See Compound, a.
HOUSEKEEPING,Domestic; used in a family; as, housekeeping commodities.
HOUSEL,The eucharist. [Archaic] Rom. of R. Tennyson.
HOUSELEEK,A succulent plant of the genus Sempervivum (S. tectorum),originally a
native of subalpine Europe, but now found very generallyon old walls and roofs. It
is very tenacious of life under droughtand heat; -- called also ayegreen.
HOUSELESS,Destitute of the shelter of a house; shelterless; homeless; as,a
houseless wanderer.
HOUSELESSNESS,The state of being houseless.
HOUSELINE,A small line of three strands used for seizing; -- called alsohousing.
Totten.
HOUSELING,Same as Housling.
HOUSEMAID,A female servant employed to do housework, esp. to take care ofthe rooms.
Housemaid's knee (Med.), a swelling over the knee, due toan enlargement of the
bursa in the front of the kneepan; -- so calledbecause frequently occurring in
servant girls who work upon theirknees.
HOUSEMATE,One who dwells in the same house with another. R. Browning.
HOUSEROOM,Room or place in a house; as, to give any one houseroom.
HOUSEWARMING,A feast or merry-making made by or for a family or businessfirm on
taking possession of a new house or premises. Johnson.
HOUSEWIFE,A little case or bag for materials used in sewing, and forother articles
of female work; -- called also hussy. [Written alsohuswife.] P. Skelton.
HOUSEWIFELY,Pertaining or appropriate to a housewife; domestic;
economical;prudent.A good sort of woman, ladylike and housewifely. Sir W. Scott.
HOUSEWIFERY,The business of the mistress of a family; female management ofdomestic
concerns.
HOUSEWORK,The work belonging to housekeeping; especially, kitchen work,sweeping,
scrubbing, bed making, and the like.
HOUSEWRIGHT,A builder of houses.
HOUSING,A frame or support for holding something in place, as journalboxes, etc.
HOUSLING,Sacramental; as, housling fire. [R.] Spenser.
HOUSS,A saddlecloth; a housing. [Obs.] Dryden.
HOUSTONIA,A genus of small rubiaceous herbs, having tetramerous salveformblue or
white flower. There are about twenty species, natives ofNorth America. Also, a
plant of this genus.
HOUTOU,A beautiful South American motmot. Waterton.
HOUVE,A head covering of various kinds; a hood; a coif; a cap. [Obs.]Chaucer.
HOUYHNHNM,One of the race of horses described by Swift in his imaginarytravels of
Lemuel Gulliver. The Houyhnhnms were endowed with reasonand noble qualities;
subject to them were Yahoos, a race of bruteshaving the form and all the worst
vices of men.
HOVE,of Heave. Hove short, Hove to. See To heave a cable short, Toheave a ship to,
etc., under Heave.
HOVEL,A large conical brick structure around which the firing kilnsare grouped.
Knight.
HOVELER,One who assists in saving life and property from a wreck; acoast boatman.
[Written also hoveller.] [Prov. Eng.] G. P. R. James.
HOVELING,A method of securing a good draught in chimneys by covering thetop,
leaving openings in the sides, or by carrying up two of thesides higher than the
other two. [Written also hovelling.]
HOVEN,p. p. of Heave.
HOVER,A cover; a shelter; a protection. [Archaic] Carew. C. Kingsley.
HOVER-HAWK,The kestrel.
HOVERER,A device in an incubator for protecting the young chickens andkeeping them
warm.
HOVERINGLY,In a hovering manner.
HOWBEIT,Be it as it may; nevertheless; notwithstanding; although;albeit; yet; but;
however.The Moor -- howbeit that I endure him not -Is of a constant, loving,noble
nature. Shak.
HOWDAH,A seat or pavilion, generally covered, fastened on the back ofan elephant,
for the rider or riders. [Written also houdah.]
HOWDY,A midwife. [Prov. Eng.]
HOWEL,A tool used by coopers for smoothing and chamfering rheir work,especially the
inside of casks.
HOWELL,The upper stage of a porcelian furnace.
HOWEVER,Nevertheless; notwithstanding; yet; still; though; as, I shallnot oppose
your design; I can not, however, approve of it.In your excuse your love does little
say; You might howe'er have tooka better way. Dryden.
HOWITZ,A howitzer. [Obs.]
HOWKER,Same as Hooker.
HOWL,To utter with outcry. "Go . . . howl it out in deserts."Philips.
HOWLER,Any South American monkey of the genus Mycetes. Many speciesare known. They
are arboreal in their habits, and are noted for theloud, discordant howling in
which they indulge at night.
HOWLET,An owl; an owlet. [Written also houlet.] R. Browning.
HOWP,To cry out; to whoop. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HOWSO,Howsoever. [Obs.]
HOWVE,A hood. See Houve. [Obs.]
HOX,To hock; to hamstring. See Hock. [Obs.] Shak.
HOY,A small coaster vessel, usually sloop-rigged, used in conveyingpassengers and
goods from place to place, or as a tender to largervessels in port.The hoy went to
London every week. Cowper.
HOYDEN,Same as Hoiden.
HOYMAN,One who navigates a hoy.A common hoyman to carry goods by water for hire.
Hobart.
HSIEN,An administrative subdivision of a fu, or department, or of anindependent
chow; also, the seat of government of such a district.
HUANACO,See Guanaco.
HUARACHO,A kind of sandal worn by Indians and the lower classesgenerally; --usually
used in pl. [Southern U. S. & Mex.]
HUB,A hardened, engraved steel punch for impressing a device upon adie, used in
coining, etc.
HUBBLE-BUBBLE,A tobacco pipe, so arranged that the smoke passes throughwater,
making a bubbling noise, whence its name. In India, the bulbcontaining the water is
often a cocoanut shell.
HUBBUB,A loud noise of many confused voices; a tumult; uproar. Milton.This hubbub
of unmeaning words. Macaulay.
HUBBY,Full of hubs or protuberances; as, a road that has been frozenwhile muddy is
hubby. [U.S.]
HUCK,To higgle in trading. [Obs.] Holland.
HUCKABACK,A kind of linen cloth with raised figures, used for towelings.
HUCKLE-BACKED,Round-shoulded.
HUCKSTER,To deal in small articles, or in petty bargains. Swift.
HUCKSTERAGE,The business of a huckster; small dealing; peddling.Ignoble huckster
age of piddling tithes. Milton.
HUCKSTERER,A huckster. Gladstone.Those hucksterers or money-jobbers. Swift.
HUCKSTRESS,A female huckster.
HUD,A huck or hull, as of a nut. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
HUDDLE,To press together promiscuously, from confusion, apprehension,or the like;
to crowd together confusedly; to press or hurry indisorder; to crowd.The cattle
huddled on the lea. Tennyson.Huddling together on the public square . . . like a
herd of panic-struck deer. Prescott.
HUDDLER,One who huddles things together.
HUDGE,An iron bucket for hoisting coal or ore. Raymond.
HUDIBRASTIC,Similar to, or in the style of, the poem "Hudibras," by SamuelButler;
in the style of doggerel verse. Macaulay.
HUDSONIAN,Of or pertaining to Hudson's Bay or to the Hudson River; as,the Hudsonian
curlew.
HUE,A predominant shade in a composition of primary colors; aprimary color modified
by combination with others.
HUED,Having color; -- usually in composition; as, bright-hued; many-hued. Chaucer.
HUELESS,Destitute of color. Hudibras.
HUER,One who cries out or gives an alarm; specifically, a balker; aconder. See
Balker.
HUFF,To remove from the board (the piece which could have capturedan opposing
piece). See Huff, v. i., 3.
HUFFCAP,A blusterer; a bully. [Obs.] -- a.
HUFFER,A bully; a blusterer. Hudibras.
HUFFINESS,The state of being huffish; petulance; bad temper. Ld. Lytton.
HUFFINGLY,Blusteringly; arrogantly. [R.]And huffingly doth this bonny Scot ride.
Old Ballad.
HUFFISH,Disposed to be blustering or arrogant; petulant.-- Huff"ish*ly, adv.--
Huff"ish*ness, n.
HUG,To keep close to; as, to hug the land; to hug the wind. To hugone's self, to
congratulate one's self; to chuckle.
HUGE,Very large; enormous; immense; excessive; -- used esp. ofmaterial bulk, but
often of qualities, extent, etc.; as, a huge ox; ahuge space; a huge difference.
"The huge confusion." Chapman. "A hugefilly." Jer. Taylor.-- Huge"ly, adv.--
Huge"ness, n.Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea. Shak.
HUGGER,One who hugs or embraces.
HUGGER-MUGGER,Privacy; secrecy. Commonly in the phrase in hugger-mugger, withhaste
and secrecy. [Archaic]Many things have been done in hugger-mugger. Fuller.
HUGGLE,To hug. [Obs.]
HUGUENOT,A French Protestant of the period of the religious wars inFrance in the
16th century.
HUGUENOTISM,The religion of the Huguenots in France.
HUGY,Vast. [Obs.] Dryden.
HUIA BIRD,A New Zealand starling (Heteralocha acutirostris), remarkablefor the
great difference in the form and length of the bill in thetwo sexes, that of the
male being sharp and straight, that of thefemale much longer and strongly curved.
HUISHER,See Usher. B. Jonson.
HUKE,An outer garment worn in Europe in the Middle Ages. [Writtenalso heuk and
hyke.] [Obs.] Bacon.
HULAN,See Uhlan.
HULCH,A hunch. [Obs.]
HULCHY,Swollen; gibbous. [Obs.]
HULK,To take out the entrails of; to disembowel; as, to hulk a hare.[R.] Beau. &
Fl.
HULL,The frame or body of a vessel, exclusive of her masts, yards,sails, and
rigging.Deep in their hulls our deadly bullets light. Dryden.Hull down, said of a
ship so distant that her hull is concealed bythe convexity of the sea.
HULLABALOO,A confused noise; uproar; tumult. [Colloq.] Thackeray.
HULLED,Deprived of the hulls. Hulled corn, kernels of maize preparedfor food by
removing the hulls.
HULLER,One who, or that which, hulls; especially, an agriculturalmachine for
removing the hulls from grain; a hulling machine.
HULLO,See Hollo.
HULLY,Having or containing hulls.
HULOIST,See Hyloist.
HULOTHEISM,See Hylotheism.
HULVER,Holly, an evergreen shrub or tree.
HUM,To make an inarticulate sound, like h'm, through the nose inthe process of
speaking, from embarrassment or a affectation; to hem.
HUMAN,Belonging to man or mankind; having the qualities or attributesof a man; of
or pertaining to man or to the race of man; as, a humanvoice; human shape; human
nature; human sacrifices.To err is human; to forgive, divine. Pope.
HUMANATE,Indued with humanity. [Obs.] Cranmer.
HUMANICS,The study of human nature. [R.] T. W. Collins.
HUMANIFY,To make human; to invest with a human personality; toincarnate. [R.]The
humanifying of the divine Word. H. B. Wilson.
HUMANITARIAN,Pertaining to humanitarians, or to humanitarianism; as, ahumanitarian
view of Christ's nature.
HUMANITARIANISM,The distinctive tenet of the humanitarians in denying thedivinity
of Christ; also, the whole system of doctrine based uponthis view of Christ.
HUMANITIAN,A humanist. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
HUMANITY,The branches of polite or elegant learning; as language,rhetoric, poetry,
and the ancient classics; belles-letters.
HUMANIZATION,The act of humanizing. M. Arnold.
HUMANIZE,To convert into something human or belonging to man; as, tohumanize
vaccine lymph.
HUMANIZER,One who renders humane.
HUMANKIND,Mankind. Pope.
HUMANNESS,The quality or state of being human.
HUMATE,A salt of humic acid.
HUMATION,Interment; inhumation. [R.]
HUMBIRD,Humming bird.
HUMBLE,Hornless. See Hummel. [Scot.]
HUMBLEBEE,The bumblebee. Shak.
HUMBLEHEAD,Humble condition or estate; humility. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HUMBLENESS,The quality of being humble; humility; meekness.
HUMBLER,One who, or that which, humbles some one.
HUMBLES,Entrails of a deer. [Written also umbles.] Johnson.
HUMBLESSE,Humbleness; abasement; low obeisance. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
HUMBLY,With humility; lowly. Pope.
HUMBUG,To deceive; to impose; to cajole; to hoax.
HUMBUGGER,One who humbugs.
HUMBUGGERY,The practice of imposition.
HUMDRUM,Monotonous; dull; commonplace. "A humdrum crone." Bryant.
HUMECTANT,Diluent.-- n.
HUMECTATION,A moistening. [Obs.] Bacon.
HUMECTIVE,Tending to moisten. [Obs.]
HUMERAL,Of or pertaining to the humerus, or upper part of the arm;brachial. Humeral
veil (R. C. Ch.), a long, narrow veil or scarf ofthe same material as the
vestments, worn round the shoulders by theofficiating priest or his attendant at
Mass, and used to protect thesacred vessels from contact with the hands.
HUMIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, vegetable mold; as, humic acid.See Humin.
HUMICUBATION,The act or practice of lying on the ground. [Obs.] Abp.Bramhall.
HUMID,Containing sensible moisture; damp; moist; as, a humidair oratmosphere;
somewhat wet or watery; as, humid earth; consisting ofwater or vapor.Evening cloud,
or humid bow. Milton.
HUMIDITY,Moisture; dampness; a moderate degree of wetness, which isperceptible to
the eye or touch; -- used especially of theatmosphere, or of anything which has
absorbed moisture from theatmosphere, as clothing.
HUMIDNESS,Humidity.
HUMIFUSE,Spread over the surface of the ground; procumbent. Gray.
HUMILIANT,Humiliating; humbling. "Humiliant thoughts." [R.] Mrs.Browning.
HUMILIATE,To reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes, or in the eyesof others;
to humble; to mortify.We stand humiliated rather than encouraged. M. Arnold.
HUMIN,A bitter, brownish yellow, amorphous substance, extracted fromvegetable mold,
and also produced by the action of acids on certainsugars and carbohydrates; --
called also humic acid, ulmin, gein,ulmic or geic acid, etc.
HUMIRI,A fragrant balsam obtained from Brazilian trees of the genusHumirium.
HUMITE,A mineral of a transparent vitreous brown color, found in theejected masses
of Vesuvius. It is a silicate of iron and magnesia,containing fluorine.
HUMMEL,To separate from the awns; -- said of barley. [Scot.]
HUMMELER,One who, or a machine which, hummels.
HUMMER,A humming bird.
HUMMING,Emitting a murmuring sound; droning; murmuring; buzzing.
HUMMOCKING,The process of forming hummocks in the collision of Arctic ice.Kane.
HUMMOCKY,Abounding in hummocks.
HUMMUM,A sweating bath or place for sweating. Sir T. Herbert.
HUMOR,A vitiated or morbid animal fluid, such as often causes aneruption on the
skin. "A body full of humors." Sir W. Temple.
HUMORAL,Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the humors; as, a humoralfever. Humoral
pathology (Med.), the pathology, or doctrine of thenature of diseases, which
attributes all morbid phenomena to thedisordered condition of the fluids or humors
of the body.
HUMORALISM,The state or quality of being humoral.
HUMORALIST,One who favors the humoral pathology or believes in humoralism.
HUMORISM,The theory founded on the influence which the humors weresupposed to have
in the production of disease; Galenism. Dunglison.
HUMORIST,One who attributes diseases of the state of the humors.
HUMORISTIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a humorist.
HUMORIZE,To humor. Marston.
HUMORLESS,Destitute of humor.
HUMORSOMELY,Pleasantly; humorously.
HUMORSOMENESS,Quality of being humorsome.
HUMP,A fleshy protuberance on the back of an animal, as a camel orwhale.
HUMP-SHOULDERED,Having high, hunched shoulders. Hawthorne.
HUMPBACKED SALMON,A small salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) which ascends therivers
of the Pacific coast from California to Alaska, and also onthe Asiatic side. In the
breeding season the male has a large dorsalhump and distorted jaws.
HUMPBACKED,Having a humped back.
HUMPED,Having a hump, as the back.
HUMPH,An exclamation denoting surprise, or contempt, doubt, etc.
HUMPLESS,Without a hump. Darwin.
HUMPY,Full of humps or bunches; covered with protuberances; humped.
HUMSTRUM,An instrument out of tune or rudely constructed; music badlyplayed.
HUMULIN,An extract of hops.
HUMUS,That portion of the soil formed by the decomposition of animalor vegetable
matter. It is a valuable constituent of soils. Graham.
HUN,One of a warlike nomadic people of Northern Asia who, in the5th century, under
Atilla, invaded and conquered a great part ofEurope.
HUNCHBACK,A back with a hunch or hump; also, a hunchbacked person.
HUNCHBACKED,Having a humped back.
HUNDRED,Ten times ten; five score; as, a hundred dollars.
HUNDREDER,A person competent to serve on a jury, in an action for land inthe
hundred to which he belongs.
HUNDREDFOLD,A hundred times as much or as many.He shall receive as hundredfold now
in this time. Mark x. 30.
HUNDREDTH,One of a hundred equal parts into which one whole is, or maybe, divided;
the quotient of a unit divided by a hundred.
HUNDREDWEIGHT,A denomination of weight, containing 100, 112, or 120
poundsavoirdupois, according to differing laws or customs. By the legalstandard of
England it is 112 pounds. In most of the United States,both in practice and by law,
it is 100 pounds avoirdupois, thecorresponding ton of 2,000 pounds, sometimes
called the short ton,beingthe legal ton.
HUNG,of Hang. Hung beef, the fleshy part of beef slightly salted andhung up to dry;
dried beef.
HUNGARIAN,Of or pertaining to Hungary or to the people of Hungary.-- n.
HUNGARY,A country in Central Europe, now a part of the Austro-HungarianEmpire.
Hungary water, a distilled "water," made from dilute alcoholaromatized with
rosemary flowers, etc.
HUNGER,To make hungry; to famish.
HUNGER-STARVE,To starve with hunger; to famish. [Obs.] Shak.
HUNGERED,Hungry; pinched for food. [Obs.] Milton.
HUNGERER,One who hungers; one who longs. Lamb.
HUNGERLY,Wanting food; starved. [Obs.] Shak.
HUNGRED,Hungered; hungry. [Archaic]
HUNGRILY,In a hungry manner; voraciously. Dryden.
HUNK,A large lump or piece; a hunch; as, a hunk of bread. [Colloq.]
HUNKER,Originally, a nickname for a member of the conservative sectionof the
Democratic party in New York; hence, one opposed to progressin general; a fogy.
[Political Cant, U.S.]
HUNKERISM,Excessive conservatism; hostility to progress. [Political Cant,U.S.]
HUNKERS,In the phrase on one's hunkers, in a squatting or crouchingposition. [Scot.
& Local, U. S.]
HUNKS,A covetous, sordid man; a miser; a niggard.Pray make your bargain with all
the prudence and selfishness of anold hunks. Gray.
HUNKY,All right; in a good condition; also, even; square. [Slang, U.S.]
HUNT-COUNTER,A worthless dog that runs back on the scent; a blunderer.[Obs.] Shak.
HUNTE,A hunter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HUNTER,A kind of spider. See Hunting spider, under Hunting.
HUNTERIAN,Discovered or described by John Hunter, an English surgeon; as,the
Hunterian chancre. See Chancre.
HUNTING,The pursuit of game or of wild animals. A. Smith. Happy huntinggrounds, the
region to which, according to the belief of AmericanIndians, the souls of warriors
and hunters pass after death, to behappy in hunting and feasting. Tylor.-- Hunting
box. Same As Hunting lodge (below).-- Hunting cat (Zoöl.), the cheetah.-- Hunting
cog (Mach.), a tooth in the larger of two geared wheelswhich makes its number of
teeth prime to the number in the smallerwheel, thus preventing the frequent meeting
of the same pairs ofteeth.-- Hunting dog (Zoöl.), the hyena dog.-- Hunting ground,
a region or district abounding in game; esp.(pl.), the regions roamed over by the
North American Indians insearch of game.-- Hunting horn, a bulge; a horn used in
the chase. See Horn, andBulge.-- Hunting leopard (Zoöl.), the cheetah.-- Hunting
lodge, a temporary residence for the purpose of hunting.-- Hunting seat, a hunting
lodge. Gray.-- Hunting shirt, a coarse shirt for hunting, often of leather.--
Hunting spider (Zoöl.), a spider which hunts its prey, instead ofcatching it in a
web; a wolf spider.-- Hunting watch. See Hunter, 6.
HUNTRESS,A woman who hunts or follows the chase; as, the huntress Diana.Shak.
HUNTSMANSHIP,The art or practice of hunting, or the qualification of ahunter.
Donne.
HURDEN,A coarse kind of linen; -- called also harden. [Prov. Eng.]
HURDLE,To hedge, cover, make, or inclose with hurdles. Milton.
HURDLEWORK,Work after manner of a hurdle.
HURDS,The coarse part of flax or hemp; hards.
HURKARU,In India, a running footman; a messenger. [Written alsohurkaroo.]
HURL,To twist or turn. "Hurled or crooked feet." [Obs.] Fuller.
HURLBAT,See Whirlbat. [Obs.] Holland.
HURLBONE,A bone near the middle of the buttock of a horse. Crabb.
HURLER,One who hurls, or plays at hurling.
HURLWIND,A whirlwind. [Obs.] Sandys.
HURLY,Noise; confusion; uproar.That, with the hurly, death itself awakes. Shak.
HURLY-BURLY,Tumult; bustle; confusion. Shak.All places were filled with tumult and
hurly-burly. Knolles.
HURON-IROQUOUS,A linguistic group of warlike North American Indians, belongingto
the same stock as the Algonquins, and including several tribes,among which were the
Five Nations. They formerly occupied the regionabout Lakes Erie and Ontario, and
the larger part of New York.
HURONIAN,Of or pertaining to certain non-fossiliferous rocks on theborders of Lake
Huron, which are supposed to correspond in time tothe latter part of the Archæan
age.
HURONS,; sing. Huron. (Ethnol.) A powerful and warlike tribe of NorthAmerican
Indians of the Algonquin stock. They formerly occupied thecountry between Lakes
Huron, Erie, and Ontario, but were nearlyexterminated by the Five Nations about
1650.
HURR,To make a rolling or burring sound. [Obs.]R is the dog's letter, and hurreth
in the sound. B. Jonson.
HURRAH,A cheer; a shout of joy, etc. Hurrah's nest, state of utmostconfusion.
[Colloq. U.S.]A perfect hurrah's nest in our kitchen. Mrs. Stowe.
HURRICANE,A violent storm, characterized by extreme fury and suddenchanges of the
wind, and generally accompanied by rain, thunder, andlightning; -- especially
prevalent in the East and West Indies. Alsoused figuratively.Like the smoke in a
hurricane whirl'd. Tennyson.Each guilty thought to me is A dreadful hurricane.
Massinger.Hurricane bird (Zoöl.), the frigate bird.-- Hurricane deck. (Naut.) See
under Deck.
HURRICANO,A waterspout; a hurricane. [Obs.] Drayton. "You cataracts andhurricanoes,
spout." Shak.
HURRIER,One who hurries or urges.
HURRIES,A staith or framework from which coal is discharged from carsinto vessels.
HURRY,To move or act with haste; to proceed with celerity orprecipitation; as, let
us hurry. To hurry up, to make haste.[Colloq.]
HURRY-SKURRY,Confusedly; in a bustle. [Obs.] Gray.
HURRYINGLY,In a hurrying manner.
HURST,A wood or grove; -- a word used in the composition of manynames, as in
Hazlehurst.
HURTER,One who hurts or does harm.I shall not be a hurter, if no helper. Beau. &
Fl.
HURTFUL,Tending to impair or damage; injurious; mischievous;occasioning loss or
injury; as, hurtful words or conduct.
HURTLEBERRY,See Whortleberry.
HURTLESS,Doing no injury; harmless; also, unhurt; without injury orharm.Gentle dame
so hurtless and so true. Spenser.-- Hurt"less*ly, adv.-- Hurt"less*ness, n.
HUSBANDABLE,Capable of being husbanded, or managed with economy. Sherwood.
HUSBANDAGE,The commission or compensation allowed to a ship's husband.
HUSBANDLESS,Destitute of a husband. Shak.
HUSBANDLY,Frugal; thrifty. [R.] Tusser.
HUSH,To become or to keep still or quiet; to become silent; -- esp.used in the
imperative, as an exclamation; be still; be silent orquiet; make no noise.Hush,
idle words, and thoughts of ill. Keble.But all these strangers' presence every one
did hush. Spenser.
HUSHER,An usher. [Obs.] Spenser.
HUSHING,The process of washing ore, or of uncovering mineral veins, bya heavy
discharge of water from a reservoir; flushing; -- also calledbooming.
HUSK,To strip off the external covering or envelope of; as, to huskIndian corn.
HUSKILY,In a husky manner; dryly.
HUSKY,Abounding with husks; consisting of husks. Dryden.
HUSSAR,Originally, one of the national cavalry of Hungary and Croatia;now, one of
the light cavalry of European armies.
HUSSITE,A follower of John Huss, the Bohemian reformer, who wasadjudged a heretic
and burnt alive in 1415.
HUSSY,A case or bag. See Housewife, 2.
HUSTLE,To shake together in confusion; to push, jostle, or crowdrudely; to handle
roughly; as, to hustle a person out of a room.Macaulay.
HUSWIFE,A case for sewing materials. See Housewife. Cowper.
HUSWIFELY,Like a huswife; capable; economical; prudent.-- adv.
HUSWIFERY,The business of a housewife; female domestic economy and skill.Tusser.
HUT,A small house, hivel, or cabin; a mean lodge or dwelling; aslightly built or
temporary structure.Death comes on with equal footsteps To the hall and hut. Bp.
Coxe.
HUTCH,To place in huts; to live in huts; as, to hut troops in winterquarters.The
troops hutted among the heights of Morristown. W. Irving.
HUTCHUNSONIAN,A follower of John Hutchinson of Yorkshire, England, whobelieved that
the Hebrew Scriptures contained a complete system ofnatural science and of
theology.
HUTTONIAN,Relating to what is now called the Plutonic theory of theearth, first
advanced by Dr. James Hutton. Lyell.
HUTTONING,Forcible manipulation of a dislocated, stiff, or painful joint.
HUXTER,See Huckster.
HUYGHENIAN,Pertaining to, or invented by, Christian Huyghens, a Dutchastronomer of
the seventeenth century; as, the Huyghenian telescope.Huyghenian eyepieceSee under
Eyepiece.
HUZZ,To buzz; to murmur. [Obs.]Huzzing and burring in the preacher's ear. Latimer.
HUZZA,A word used as a shout of joy, exultation, approbation, orencouragement.
HY,High. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HYACINE,A hyacinth. [Obs.] Spenser.
HYACINTH,A red variety of zircon, sometimes used as a gem. See Zircon.Hyacinth bean
(Bot.), a climbing leguminous plant (Dolichos Lablab),related to the true bean. It
has dark purple flowers and fruit.
HYACINTHIAN,Hyacinthine. [R.]
HYACINTHINE,Belonging to the hyacinth; resemblingthe hyacinth; in colorlike the
hyacinth. Milton.His curling locks like hyacinthine flowers. Cowper.The hyacinthine
boy, for whom Morn well might break and April bloom.Emerson.
HYAENA,Same as Hyena.
HYALEA,A pteroid of the genus Cavolina. See Pteropoda, andIllustration in Appendix.
HYALESCENCE,The process of becoming, or the state of being, transparentlike glass.
HYALINE,Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent,like crystal.
"Hyaline spaces." Carpenter.
HYALITE,A pellucid variety of opal in globules looking like colorlessgum or resin;
-- called also Müller's glass.
HYALOGRAPH,An instrument for tracing designs on glass.
HYALOGRAPHY,Art of writing or engraving on glass.
HYALOID,Resembling glass; vitriform; transparent; hyaline; as, thehyaloid membrane,
a very delicate membrane inclosing the vitreoushumor of the eye.
HYALONEMA,A genus of hexactinelline sponges, having a long stem composedof very
long, slender, transparent, siliceous fibres twisted togetherlike the strands of a
color. The stem of the Japanese species (H.Sieboldii), called glass-rope, has long
been in use as an ornament.See Glass-rope.
HYALOPHANE,A species of the feldspar group containing barium. SeeFeldspar.
HYALOSPONGIA,An order of vitreous sponges, having glassy six-rayed,siliceous
spicules; -- called also Hexactinellinæ.
HYALOTYPE,A photographic picture copied from the negative on glass; aphotographic
transparency. R. Hunt.
HYBLAEAN,Pertaining to Hybla, an ancient town of Sicily, famous for itsbees.
HYBODONT,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an extinct genus of sharks(Hybodus),
especially in the form of the teeth, which consist of aprincipal median cone with
smaller lateral ones.
HYBODUS,An extinct genus of sharks having conical, compressed teeth.
HYBRID,The offspring of the union of two distinct species; an animalor plant
produced from the mixture of two species. See Mongrel.
HYBRIDISM,The state or quality of being hybrid.
HYBRIDIST,One who hybridizes.
HYBRIDITY,Hybridism.
HYBRIDIZABLE,Capable of forming a hybrid, or of being subjected to ahybridizing
process; capable of producing a hybrid by union withanother species or
stock.Hybridizable genera are rarer than is generally supposed, even ingardens
where they are so often operated upon, under circumstancesmost favorable to the
production of hybrids. J. D. Hooker.
HYBRIDIZATION,The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
HYBRIDIZE,To render hybrid; to produce by mixture of stocks.
HYBRIDIZER,One who hybridizes.
HYBRIDOUS,Same as Hybrid.
HYDAGE,A land tax. See Hidage.
HYDANTOIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hydantoin. See Glycoluric.
HYDANTOIN,A derivative of urea, C3H4N2O2, obtained from allantion, as awhite,
crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; -- called alsoglycolyl urea.
HYDATID,A membranous sac or bladder filled with a pellucid fluid, foundin various
parts of the bodies of animals, but unconnected with thetissues. It is usually
formed by parasitic worms, esp. by larvaltapeworms, as Echinococcus and Coenurus.
See these words in theVocabulary. Hydatid of Morgagni (Anat.), one of the
smallpedunculated bodies found between the testicle and the head of theepididymis,
and supposed to be a remnant of the Müllerian duct.
HYDATIFORM,Resembling a hydatid.
HYDATOID,Resembling water; watery; aqueous; hyaloid.
HYDR-,. See under Hydro-.
HYDRA,A serpent or monster in the lake or marsh of Lerna, in thePeloponnesus,
represented as having many heads, one of which, whencut off, was immediately
succeeded by two others, unless the woundwas cauterized. It was slain by Hercules.
Hence, a terrible monster.Gorgons, and Hydras, and Chimeras dire. Milton.
HYDRA-TAINTED,Dipped in the gall of the fabulous hydra; poisonous; deadly.Cowper.
HYDRACHNID,An aquatic mite of the genus Hydrachna. The hydrachids, whileyoung, are
parasitic on fresh-water mussels.
HYDRACID,An acid containing hydrogen; -- sometimes applied todistinguish acids like
hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and the like,which contain no oxygen, from the oxygen
acids or oxacids. See Acid.
HYDRACRYLIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric variety of lasticacid that
breaks down into acrylic acid and water.
HYDRACTINIAN,Any species or marine hydroids, of the genus Hydractinia andallied
genera. These hydroids form, by their rootstalks, a firm,chitinous coating on
shells and stones, and esp. on spiral shellsoccupied by hermit crabs. See Illust.
of Athecata.
HYDRAEMIA,An abnormally watery state of the blood; anæmia.
HYDRAGOGUE,Causing a discharge of water; expelling serum effused into anypart of
the body, as in dropsy.-- n.
HYDRAMIDE,One of a group of crystalline bodies produced by the action ofammonia on
certain aldehydes.
HYDRAMINE,One of a series of artificial, organic bases, usually producedas thick
viscous liquids by the action of ammonia on ethylene oxide.They have the properties
both of alcohol and amines.
HYDRANGEA,A genus of shrubby plants bearing opposite leaves and largeheads of showy
flowers, white, or of various colors. H. hortensis,the common garden species, is a
native of China or Japan.
HYDRANT,A discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may bedrawn from the
mains of waterworks; a water plug.
HYDRANTH,One of the nutritive zooids of a hydroid colony. Also appliedto the
proboscis or manubrium of a hydroid medusa. See Illust. ofHydroidea.
HYDRARGOCHLORIDE,A compound of the bichloride of mercury with another chloride.
[Obs.]
HYDRARGYRATE,Of or pertaining to mercury; containing, or impregnated with,mercury.
[R.]
HYDRARGYRISM,A diseased condition produced by poisoning with hydrargyrum,
ormercury; mercurialism.
HYDRARGYRUM,Quicksilver; mercury.
HYDRARTHROSIS,An effusion of watery liquid into the cavity of a joint.
HYDRASTINE,An alkaloid, found in the rootstock of the golden seal(Hydrastis
Canadensis), and extracted as a bitter, white, crystallinesubstance. It is used as
a tonic and febrifuge.
HYDRATE,To form into a hydrate; to combine with water.
HYDRATED,Formed into a hydrate; combined with water.
HYDRATION,The act of becoming, or state of being, a hydrate. Water ofhydration
(Chem.), water chemically combined with some substance toform a hydrate; --
distinguished from water of crystallization.
HYDRAULIC,Of or pertaining to hydraulics, or to fluids in motion;conveying, or
acting by, water; as, an hydraulic clock, crane, ordock. Hydraulic accumulator, an
accumulator for hydraulic machineryof any kind. See Accumulator, 2.-- Hydraulic
brake, a cataract. See Cataract, 3.-- Hydraulic cement, a cement or mortar made of
hydraulic lime,which will harden under water.-- Hydraulic elevator, a lift operated
by the weight or pressure ofwater.-- Hydraulic jack. See under Jack.-- Hydraulic
lime, quicklime obtained from hydraulic limestone, andused for cementing under
water, etc.-- Hydraulic limestone, a limestone which contains some clay, andwhich
yields a quicklime that will set, or form a firm, strong mass,under water.--
Hydraulic main (Gas Works), a horizontal pipe containing water atthe bottom into
which the ends of the pipes from the retorts dip, forpassing the gas through water
in order to remove ammonia.-- Hydraulic mining, a system of mining in which the
force of a jetof water is used to wash down a bank of gold-bearing gravel or earth.
[Pacific Coast] -- Hydraulic press, a hydrostatic press. See underHydrostatic.--
Hydraulic propeller, a device for propelling ships by means of astream of water
ejected under water rearward from the ship.-- Hydraulic ram, a machine for raising
water by means of the energyof the moving water of which a portion is to be raised.
When the rushof water through the main pipe d shuts the valve at a, the momentumof
the current thus suddenly checked forces part of it into the airchamber b, and up
the pipe c, its return being prevented by a valveat the entrance to the air
chamber, while the dropping of the valve aby its own weight allows another rush
through the main pipe, and soon alternately.-- Hydraulic valve. (Mach.) (a) A valve
for regulating thedistribution of water in the cylinders of hydraulic
elevators,cranes, etc. (b) (Gas Works) An inverted cup with a partition dippinginto
water, for opening or closing communication between two gasmains, the open ends of
which protrude about the water.
HYDRAULICAL,Hydraulic.
HYDRAULICON,An ancient musical instrument played by the action of water; awater
organ. [Written also hydraulis.]
HYDRAULICS,That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats offluids in
motion, especially of water, its action in rivers andcanals, the works and
machinery for conducting or raising it, its useas a prime mover, and the like.
HYDRAZINE,Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the aminesand
produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds;as, methyl
hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc. They are derivatives ofhydrazine proper, H2N.NH2,
which is a doubled amido group, recently(1887) isolated as a stable, colorless gas,
with a peculiar,irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct salts. Called
alsodiamide, amidogen, (or more properly diamidogen), etc.
HYDRENCEPHSLOID,Same as Hydrocephaloid.
HYDRIA,A water jar; esp., one with a large rounded body, a small neck,and three
handles. Some of the most beautiful Greek vases are of thisform.
HYDRIAD,A water nymph.
HYDRIC,Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen; as, hydric oxide.Hydric dioxide.
(Chem.) See Hydrogen dioxide, under Hydrogen.-- Hydric oxide (Chem.), water.--
Hydric sulphate (Chem.), hydrogen sulphate or sulphuric acid.
HYDRIDE,A compound of the binary type, in which hydrogen is united withsome other
element.
HYDRIFORM,Having the form or structure of a hydra.
HYDRINA,The group of hydroids to which the fresh-water hydras belong.
HYDRIODATE,Same as Hydriodide.
HYDRIODIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine; -- said ofan acid
produced by the combination of these elements. Hydriodic acid(Chem.), a pungent,
colorless gas, HI, usually prepared as a solutionin water. It is strong reducing
agent. Called also hydrogen iodine.
HYDRIODIDE,A compound of hydriodic acid with a base; -- distinguished froman
iodide, in which only the iodine combines with the base.
HYDRO-AEROPLANE,An aëroplane with a boatlike or other understructure thatenables it
to travel on, or to rise from the surface of, a body ofwater by its own motive
power.
HYDRO-ELECTRIC,Pertaining to, employed in, or produced by, the evolution
ofelectricity by means of a battery in which water or steam is used.Hydro-electric
machine (Physics), an apparatus invented by SirWilliam Armstrong of England for
generating electricity by the escapeof high-pressure steam from a series of jets
connected with a strongboiler, in which the steam is produced.
HYDRO-EXTRACTOR,An apparatus for drying anything, as yarn, cloth, sugar, etc.,by
centrifugal force; a centrifugal.
HYDROBAROMETER,An instrument for determining the depth of the sea water by
itspressure.
HYDROBILIRUBIN,A body formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.
HYDROBIPLANE,A hydro-aëroplane having two supporting planes.
HYDROBRANCHIATA,An extensive artificial division of gastropod mollusks,including
those that breathe by gills, as contrasted with thePulmonifera.--
Hy`dro*bran"chi*ate, a.
HYDROBROMATE,Same as Hydrobromide.
HYDROBROMIC,Composed of hydrogen and bromine; as, hydrobromic acid.Hydrobromic acid
(Chem.), a colorless, pungent, corrosive gas, HBr,usually collected as a solution
in water. It resembles hydrochloricacid, but is weaker and less stable. Called also
hydrogen bromide.
HYDROBROMIDE,A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; -- distinguishedfrom a
bromide, in which only the bromine unites with the base.
HYDROCARBON,A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane,benzene,
etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives.Hydrocarbon burner, furnace,
stove, a burner, furnace, or stove withwhich liquid fuel, as petroleum, is used.
HYDROCARBONACEOUS,Of the nature, or containing, hydrocarbons.
HYDROCARBOSTYRIL,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C9H9NO,
obtainedfrom certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and closely related toquinoline
and carbostyril.
HYDROCARBURET,Carbureted hydrogen; also, a hydrocarbon. [Obs.]
HYDROCAULUS,The hollow stem of a hydroid, either simple or branched. SeeIllust. of
Gymnoblastea and Hydroidea.
HYDROCELE,A collection of serous fluid in the areolar texture of thescrotum or in
the coverings, especially in the serous sac, investingthe testicle or the spermatic
cord; dropsy of the testicle.
HYDROCEPHALIC,Relating to, or connected with, hydrocephalus, or dropsy of thebrain.
HYDROCEPHALOID,Resembling hydrocephalus. Hydrocephaloid affection (Med.), thegroup
of symptoms which follow exhausting diarrhea in young children,resembling those of
acute hydrocephalus, or tubercular meningitis.
HYDROCEPHALOUS,Having hydrocephalus. "Hydrocephalous offspring." G. Eliot.
HYDROCEPHALUS,An accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium,especially
within the ventricles of the brain; dropsy of the brain.It is due usually to
tubercular meningitis. When it occurs ininfancy, it often enlarges the head
enormously.
HYDROCHLORATE,Same as Hydrochloride.
HYDROCHLORIC,Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas;
as,hydrochloric acid; chlorhydric. Hydrochloric acid (Chem.), hydrogenchloride; a
colorless, corrosive gas, HCl, of pungent, suffocatingodor. It is made in great
quantities in the soda process, by theaction of sulphuric acid on common salt. It
has a great affinity forwater, and the commercial article is a strong solution of
the gas inwater. It is a typical acid, and is an indispensable agent incommercial
and general chemical work. Called also muriatic, andchlorhydric, acid.
HYDROCHLORIDE,A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; -- distinguishedfrom a
chloride, where only chlorine unites with the base.
HYDROCORALLIA,A division of Hydroidea, including those genera that secrete astony
coral, as Millepora and Stylaster. Two forms of zooids in lifeproject from small
pores in the coral and resemble those of otherhydroids. See Millepora.
HYDROCYANATE,See Hydrocyanide.
HYDROCYANIC,Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen
andcyanogen. Hydrocyanic acid (Chem.), a colorless, mobile, volatileliquid, HCN,
having a characteristic peach-blossom odor. It is one ofthe most deadly poisons. It
is made by the action of sulphuric acidon yellow prussiate of potassium (potassium
ferrocyanide), andchemically resembles hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids. Called
alsoprussic acid, hydrogen cyanide, etc.
HYDROCYANIDE,A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; -- distinguishedfrom a
cyanide, in which only the cyanogen so combines.
HYDRODYNAMICS,That branch of the science of mechanics which relates tofluids, or,
as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motionand action of nonelastic
fluids, whether as investigatedmathematically, or by observation and experiment;
the principles ofdynamics, as applied to water and other fluids.
HYDRODYNAMOMETER,An instrument to measure the velocity of a liquid current bythe
force of its impact.
HYDROFERRICYANIC,Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen,ferric
iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferricyanic acid. SeeFerricyanic.
HYDROFERROCYANIC,Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen,ferrous
iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferrocyanic acid. SeeFerrocyanic.
HYDROFLUATE,A supposed compound of hydrofluoris acid and a base; afluoride.
[Archaic]
HYDROFLUORIC,Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen and fluorine;fluohydric; as,
hydrofluoric acid. Hydrofluoric acid (Chem.), acolorless, mobile, volatile liquid,
HF, very corrosive in its action,and having a strong, pungent, suffocating odor. It
is produced by theaction of sulphuric acid on fluorite, and is usually collected as
asolution in water. It attacks all silicates, as glass or porcelain,is the agent
employed in etching glass, and is preserved only invessels of platinum, lead,
caoutchouc, or gutta-percha.
HYDROFLUOSILICATE,A salt of hydrofluosilic acid; a silicofluoride.
SeeSilicofluoride.
HYDROFLUOSILICIC,Pertaining to, or denoting, a compound consisting of a
doublefluoride of hydrogen and silicon; silicofluoric. See Silicofluoric.
HYDROGALVANIC,Pertaining to, produced by, or consisting of, electricityevolved by
the action or use of fluids; as, hydrogalvanic currents.[R.]
HYDROGEN,A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, thelightest known
substance, being fourteen and a half times lighterthan air (hence its use in
filling balloons), and over eleventhousand times lighter than water. It is very
abundant, being aningredient of water and of many other substances, especially
those ofanimal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but ischiefly
obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, aszinc, iron, etc. It is
very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coalgas and water gas. It is standard of
chemical equivalents orcombining weights, and also of valence, being the typical
monad.Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.
HYDROGENATE,To hydrogenize.
HYDROGENATION,The act of combining with hydrogen, or the state of being socombined.
HYDROGENIDE,A binary compound containing hydrogen; a hydride. [R.] SeeHydride.
HYDROGENIUM,Hydrogen; -- called also in view of its supposed metallicnature.
Graham.
HYDROGENIZE,To combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to theaction of,
hydrogen; to reduce; -- contrasted with oxidize.
HYDROGENOUS,Of or pertaining to hydrogen; containing hydrogen.
HYDROGNOSY,A treatise upon, or a history and description of, the water ofthe earth.
HYDROGODE,The negative pole or cathode. [R.]
HYDROGRAPHER,One skilled in the hydrography; one who surveys, or draws mapsor
charts of, the sea, lakes, or other waters, with the adjacentshores; one who
describes the sea or other waters. Boyle.
HYDROGURET,A hydride. [Obs.]
HYDROID,Related to, or resembling, the hydra; of or pertaining to theHydroidea.--
n.
HYDROIDEA,An extensive order of Hydrozoa or Acalephæ. [Written alsoHydroida.]
HYDROKINETIC,Of or pertaining to the motions of fluids, or the forces whichproduce
or affect such motions; -- opposed to hydrostatic. Sir W.Thomson.
HYDROLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to hydrology.
HYDROLOGIST,One skilled in hydrology.
HYDROLOGY,The science of water, its properties, phenomena, anddistribution over the
earth's surface.
HYDROLYSIS,A chemical process involving the addition of the elements ofwater.
HYDROLYTIC,Tending to remove or separate water; eliminating water.Hydrolytic
agents, such as sulphuric acid or caustic alkali. Encyc.Brit.Hydrolitic ferment
(Physiol. Chem.), a ferment, enzyme, or chemicalferment, which acts only in the
presence of water, and which causesthe substance acted upon to take up a molecule
of water. Thus,diastase of malt, ptyalin of saliva, and boiling dilute
sulphuricacid all convert starch by hydration into dextrin and sugar. Nearlyall of
the digestive ferments are hydrolytic in their action.
HYDROMAGNESITE,A hydrous carbonate of magnesia occurring in white, early,amorphous
masses.
HYDROMANCY,Divination by means of water, -- practiced by the ancients.
HYDROMANTIC,Of or pertaining to divination by water.
HYDROMECHANICS,That branch of physics which treats of the mechanics ofliquids, or
of their laws of equilibrium and of motion.
HYDROMEDUSA,Any medusa or jellyfish which is produced by budding from ahydroid.
They are called also Craspedota, and naked-eyed medusæ.
HYDROMEL,A liquor consisting of honey diluted in water, and afterfermentation
called mead.
HYDROMELLONIC,See Cyamellone.
HYDROMETALLURGICAL,Of or pertaining to hydrometallurgy; involving the use ofliquid
reagents in the treatment or reduction of ores.-- Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al*ly, adv.
HYDROMETALLURGY,The art or process of assaying or reducing ores by means ofliquid
reagents.
HYDROMETEOR,A meteor or atmospheric phenomenon dependent upon the vapor ofwater; --
in the pl., a general term for the whole aqueous phenomenaof the atmosphere, as
rain, snow, hail, etc. Nichol.
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to hydrometeorology, or to rain,
clouds,storms, etc.
HYDROMETEOROLOGY,That branch of meteorology which relates to, or treats of,water in
the atmosphere, or its phenomena, as rain, clouds, snow,hail, storms, etc.
HYDROMETER,An instrument for determining the specific gravities ofliquids, and
thence the strength spirituous liquors, salinesolutions, etc.
HYDROMETROGRAPH,An instrument for determining and recording the quantity ofwater
discharged from a pipe, orifice, etc., in a given time.
HYDROMICA,A variety of potash mica containing water. It is less elasticthan
ordinary muscovite. Hydromica schist (Min.), a mica schistcharacterized by the
presence of hydromica. It often has a silkyluster and almost soapy feel.
HYDRONEPHROSIS,An accumulation of urine in the pelvis of the kidney,occasioned by
obstruction in the urinary passages.
HYDROPATH,A hydropathist.
HYDROPATHIST,One who practices hydropathy; a water-cure doctor.
HYDROPATHY,The water cure; a mode of treating diseases by the copious andfrequent
use of pure water, both internally and externally.
HYDROPERITONEUM,Same as Ascites.
HYDROPHANE,A semitranslucent variety of opal that becomes translucent ortransparent
on immersion in water.
HYDROPHANOUS,Made transparent by immersion in water.
HYDROPHID,Any sea snake of the genus Hydrophys and allied genera. Thesesnakes are
venomous, live upon fishes, and have a flattened tail forswimming.
HYDROPHLORONE,A white, crystalline benzene derivative, C8H10O2, obtained bythe
reduction of phlorone.
HYDROPHOBIC,Of or pertaining to hydrophobia; producing or caused by rabies;as,
hydrophobic symptoms; the hydrophobic poison.
HYDROPHOBY,See Hydrophobia.
HYDROPHORA,The Hydroidea.
HYDROPHORE,An instrument used for the purpose of obtaining specimens ofwater from
any desired depth, as in a river, a lake, or the ocean.
HYDROPHYLLIUM,One of the flat, leaflike, protective zooids, covering otherzooids of
certain Siphonophora.
HYDROPHYTE,An aquatic plant; an alga.
HYDROPHYTOLOGY,The branch of botany which treats of water plants.
HYDROPICALLY,In a hydropical manner.
HYDROPIPER,A species (Polygonum Hydropiper) of knotweed with acridfoliage; water
pepper; smartweed.
HYDROPLANE,Of a boat, to plane (see Plane, below).
HYDROPNEUMATIC GUN CARRIAGE,A disappearing gun carriage in which the recoil is
checked bycylinders containing liquid and air, the air when compressedfurnishing
the power for restoring the gun to the firing position. Itis used with some English
and European heavy guns.
HYDROPNEUMATIC,Pertaining to, or depending upon, both liquid and gaseoussubstances;
as, hydropneumatic apparatus for collecting gases overwater or other liquids.
HYDROPSY,Same as Dropsy.
HYDROPULT,A machine for throwing water by hand power, as a garden engine,a fire
extinguisher, etc.
HYDROQUINONE,A white crystalline substance, C6H4(OH)2, obtained by thereduction of
quinone. It is a diacid phenol, resembling, andmetameric with, pyrocatechin and
resorcin. Called also dihydroxybenzene.
HYDRORHIZA,The rootstock or decumbent stem by which a hydroid is attachedto other
objects. See Illust. under Hydroidea.
HYDROSCOPE,All the zooids of a hydroid colony collectively, including thenutritive
and reproductive zooids, and often other kinds.
HYDROSORBIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from sorbicacid when
this takes up hydrogen; as, hydrosorbic acid.
HYDROSPHERE,The aqueous vapor of the entire atmosphere.
HYDROSTAT,A contrivance or apparatus to prevent the explosion of steamboilers.
HYDROSTATICALLY,According to hydrostatics, or to hydrostatic principles.Bentley.
HYDROSTATICIAN,One who is versed or skilled in hydrostatics. [R.]
HYDROSTATICS,The branch of science which relates to the pressure andequilibrium of
nonelastic fluids, as water, mercury, etc.; theprinciples of statics applied to
water and other liquids.
HYDROSULPHATE,Same as Hydrosulphurent.
HYDROSULPHIDE,One of a series of compounds, derived from hydrogen sulphide bythe
replacement of half its hydrogen by a base or basic radical; as,potassium
hydrosulphide, KSH. The hydrosulphides are analogous to thehydrates and include the
mercaptans.
HYDROSULPHITE,A saline compound of hydrosulphurous acid and a base. [R.]
HYDROSULPHURET,A hydrosulphide. [Archaic]
HYDROSULPHURETED,Combined with hydrogen sulphide.
HYDROSULPHURIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and sulphur;
as,hydrosulphuricacid, a designation applied to the solution of hydrogensulphide in
water.
HYDROSULPHUROUS,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by thereduction of
sulphurous acid. See Hyposulphurous acid, underHyposulphurous.
HYDROTELLURATE,A salt formed by the union of hydrotelluric acid and the base.
HYDROTELLURIC,Formed by hydrogen and tellurium; as, hydrotelluric acid, orhydrogen
telluride.
HYDROTHECA,One of the calicles which, in some Hydroidea (Thecaphora),protect the
hydrants. See Illust. of Hydroidea, and Campanularian.
HYDROTHERAPEUTICS,A system of treating disease by baths and mineral waters.
HYDROTHERAPY,See Hydropathy.
HYDROTHERMAL,Of or pertaining to hot water; -- used esp. with reference tothe
action of heated waters in dissolving, redepositing, andotherwise producing mineral
changes within the crust of the globe.
HYDROTHORAX,An accumulation of serous fluid in the cavity of the chest.
HYDROTIC,Causing a discharge of water or phlegm.-- n. (Med.)
HYDROTICAL,Hydrotic.
HYDROTROPE,A device for raising water by the direct action of steam; apulsometer.
HYDROTROPIC,Turning or bending towards moisture, as roots.
HYDROTROPISM,A tendency towards moisture.
HYDROUS,Containing water of hydration or crystallization.
HYDROXANTHANE,A persulphocyanate. [Obs.]
HYDROXANTHIC,Persulphocyanic.
HYDROXIDE,A hydrate; a substance containing hydrogen and oxygen, made bycombining
water with an oxide, and yielding water by elimination. Thehydroxides are regarded
as compounds of hydroxyl, united usually withbasic element or radical; as, calcium
hydroxide ethyl hydroxide.
HYDROXY-,A combining form, also used adjectively, indicating hydroxyl asan
ingredient. Hydroxy acid (Chem.), an organic acid, having (besidesthe hydroxyl
group of the carboxyl radical) an alcoholic hydroxylgroup, and thus having the
qualities of an alcohol in addition to itsacid properties; as, lactic and tartaric
acids are hydroxy acids.
HYDROXYL,A compound radical, or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of oneatom of
hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a characteristic part ofthe hydrates, the
alcohols, the oxygen acids, etc.
HYDROXYLAMINE,A nitrogenous, organic base, NH2.OH, resembling ammonia, andproduced
by a modified reduction of nitric acid. It is usuallyobtained as a volatile,
unstable solution in water. It acts as astrong reducing agent.
HYDROZOA,The Acalephæ; one of the classes of coelenterates, includingthe Hydroidea,
Discophora, and Siphonophora.
HYDROZOAL,Of or pertaining to the Hydrozoa.
HYDRURET,A binary compound of hydrogen; a hydride. [Obs.]
HYDRUS,A constellation of the southern hemisphere, near the southpole.
HYE,See Hie. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HYEMAL,Belonging to winter; done in winter. Sir T. Browne.
HYEMATE,To pass the winter. [Obs. & R.]
HYEN,A hyena. [Obs.] Shak.
HYENA,Any carnivorous mammal of the family Hyænidæ, of which threeliving species
are known. They are large and strong, but cowardly.They feed chiefly on carrion,
and are nocturnal in their habits.[Written also hyæna.]
HYETAL,Of or pertaining to rain; descriptive of the distribution ofrain, or of
rainy regions.
HYETOGRAPH,A chart or graphic representation of the average distributionof rain
over the surface of the earth.
HYETOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to to hyetography.
HYETOGRAPHY,The branch of physical science which treats of the
geographicaldistribution of rain.
HYETOLOGY,The science which treats of the precipitation of rain, snow,etc. --
Hy`e*to*log"ic*al, a.
HYGEIA,The goddess of health, daughter of Esculapius.
HYGEIAN,Relating to Hygeia, the goddess of health; of or pertaining tohealth, or
its preservation.
HYGEIST,One skilled in hygiena; a hygienist.
HYGIEIST,A hygienist.
HYGIENE,That department of sanitary science which treats of thepreservation of
health, esp. of households and communities; a systemof principles or rules
designated for the promotion of health.
HYGIENIC,Of or pertaining to health or hygiene; sanitary.
HYGIENICS,The science of health; hygiene.
HYGIENISM,Hygiene.
HYGIENIST,One versed in hygiene.
HYGIOLOGY,A treatise on, or the science of, the preservation of health.[R.]
HYGRINE,An alkaloid associated with cocaine in coca leaves(Erythroxylon coca), and
extracted as a thick, yellow oil, having apungent taste and odor.
HYGRODEIK,A form of hygrometer having wet and dry bulb thermometers, withan
adjustable index showing directly the percentage of moisture inthe air, etc.
HYGROGRAPH,An instrument for recording automatically the variations of thehumidity
of the atmosphere.
HYGROLOGY,The science which treats of the fluids of the body.
HYGROMETER,An instrument for measuring the degree of moisture of theatmosphere.
Daniell's hygrometer, a form of hygrometer consisting ofa bent glass tube
terminating in two bulbs, the one covered withmuslin, the other of black glass, and
containing ether and athermometer. Ether being poured on the muslin, the black
ball, cooledby the evaporation of the ether within, is soon covered with dew;
atthis moment, the inclosed thermometer gives the dew-point, and this,compared with
the reading of one in the air, determines the humidity.
HYGROMETRY,That branch of physics which relates to the determination ofthe humidity
of bodies, particularly of the atmosphere, with thetheory and use of the
instruments constructed for this purpose.
HYGROPHANOUS,Having such a structure as to be diaphanous when moist, andopaque when
dry.
HYGROPHTHALMIC,Serving to moisten the eye; -- sometimes applied to thelachrymal
ducts.
HYGROPLASM,The fluid portion of the cell protoplasm, in opposition tostereoplasm,
the solid or insoluble portion. The latter is supposedto be partly nutritive and
partly composed of idioplasm.
HYGROSCOPE,An instrument which shows whether there is more or lessmoisture in the
atmosphere, without indicating its amount.
HYGROSCOPICITY,The property possessed by vegetable tissues of absorbing
ordischarging moisture according to circumstances.
HYGROSTATICS,The science or art of comparing or measuring degrees ofmoisture.
Evelyn.
HYKE,See Haik, and Huke.
HYKSOS,A dynasty of Egyptian kings, often called the Shepherd kings,of foreign
origin, who, according to the narrative of Manetho, ruledfor about 500 years,
forming the XVth and XVIth dynasties. It is nowconsidered that the XVIth is merely
a double of the XVth dynasty, andthat the total period of the six Hyksos kings was
little more than100 years. It is supposed that they were Asiatic Semites.
HYLARCHICAL,Presiding over matter. [Obs.] Hallywell.
HYLEOSAUR,Same as Hylæosaur.
HYLIC,Of or pertaining to matter; material; corporeal; as, hylicinfluences.
HYLICIST,A philosopher who treats chiefly of matter; one who adopts orteaches
hylism.
HYLISM,A theory which regards matter as the original principle ofevil.
HYLOBATE,Any species of the genus Hylobates; a gibbon, or long-armedape. See
Gibbon.
HYLODES,The piping frog (Hyla Pickeringii), a small American tree frog,which in
early spring, while breeding in swamps and ditches, singswith high, shrill, but
musical, notes.
HYLOISM,Same as Hylotheism.
HYLOIST,Same as Hylotheist.
HYLOPATHISM,The doctrine that matter is sentient. Krauth-Fleming.
HYLOPATHIST,One who believes in hylopathism.
HYLOPHAGOUS,Eating green shoots, as certain insects do.
HYLOTHEISM,The doctrine of belief that matter is God, or that there is noGod except
matter and the universe; pantheism. See Materialism.
HYLOTHEIST,One who believes in hylotheism.
HYLOZOIC,Of or pertaining to hylozoism.
HYLOZOISM,The doctrine that matter possesses a species of life andsensation, or
that matter and life are inseparable. [R.] Cudworth.
HYLOZOIST,A believer in hylozoism. A. Tucker.
HYMAR,The wild ass of Persia.
HYMEN,A fold of muscous membrane often found at the orifice of thevagina; the
vaginal membrane.
HYMENIUM,The spore-bearing surface of certain fungi, as that on thegills of a
mushroom.
HYMENOGENY,The production of artificial membranes by contact of twofluids, as
albumin and fat, by which the globules of the latter aresurrounded by a thin film
of the former.
HYMENOMYCETES,One of the great divisions of fungi, containing those speciesin which
the hymenium is completely exposed. M. J. Berkley.
HYMENOPHORE,That part of a fungus which is covered with the hymenium.
HYMENOPTER,One of the Hymenoptera.
HYMENOPTERA,An extensive order of insects, including the bees, ants,ichneumons,
sawflies, etc.
HYMENOPTERAN,One of the Hymenoptera.
HYMN,An ode or song of praise or adoration; especially, a religiousode, a sacred
lyric; a song of praise or thankgiving intended to beused in religious service; as,
the Homeric hymns; Watts' hymns.Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. Col.
iii. 16.Where angels first should practice hymns, and string Their tunefulharps.
Dryden.Hymn book, a book containing a collection of hymns, as for use inchurches; a
hymnal.
HYMNAL,A collection of hymns; a hymn book.
HYMNIC,Relating to hymns, or sacred lyrics. Donne.
HYMNING,Praising with hymns; singing. "The hymning choir." G. West.
HYMNIST,A writer of hymns.
HYMNODY,Hymns, considered collectively; hymnology.
HYMNOGRAPHY,The art or act of composing hymns.
HYMNOLOGIST,A composer or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology.Busby.
HYMPNE,A hymn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HYNDRESTE,See Hinderest. [Obs.]
HYNE,A servant. See Hine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HYO-,A prexif used in anatomy, and generally denoting connectionwith the hyoid bone
or arch; as, hyoglossal, hyomandibular,hyomental, etc.
HYOGANOIDEI,A division of ganoid fishes, including the gar pikes andbowfins.--
Hy`o*ga"noid, a.
HYOGLOSSUS,A flat muscle on either side of the tongue, connecting it withthe hyoid
bone.
HYOID,Of or pertaining to the bony or cartilaginous arch whichsupports the tongue.
Sometimes applied to the tongue itself. Hyoidarch (Anat.), the arch of
cartilaginous or bony segments, whichconnects the base of the tongue with either
side of the skull.-- Hyoid bone (Anat.), the bone in the base of the tongue,
themiddle part of the hyoid arch.
HYOMANDIBULAR,Pertaining both to the hyoidean arch and the mandible or lowerjaw;
as, the hyomandibular bone or cartilage, a segment of the hyoidarch which connects
the lower jaw with the skull in fishes.-- n.
HYOMENTAL,Between the hyoid bone and the lower jaw, pertaining to them;suprahyoid;
submaxillary; as, the hyomental region of the front ofthe neck.
HYOPASTRON,The second lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- calledalso
hyosternum.
HYOSCINE,An alkaloid found with hyoscyamine (with which it is alsoisomeric) in
henbane, and extracted as a white, amorphous, semisolidsubstance.
HYOSCYAMINE,An alkaloid found in henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), and regardedas its
active principle. It is also found with other alkaloids in thethorn apple and
deadly nightshade. It is extracted as a whitecrystalline substance, with a sharp,
offensive taste. Hyoscyamine isisomeric with atropine, is very poisonous, and is
used as a medicinefor neuralgia, like belladonna. Called also hyoscyamia,
duboisine,etc.
HYOSCYAMUS,A genus of poisonous plants of the Nightshade family; henbane.
HYOSTERNUM,See Hyoplastron.
HYOSTYLIC,Having the mandible suspended by the hyomandibular, or upperpart of the
hyoid arch, as in fishes, instead of directly articulatedwith the skull as in
mammals; -- said of the skull.
HYP,An abbreviation of hypochonaria; -- usually in plural.[Colloq.]Heaven send thou
hast not got the hyps. Swift.
HYPALLAGE,A figure consisting of a transference of attributes from theirproper
subjects to other. Thus Virgil says, "dare classibus austros,"to give the winds to
the fleets, instead of dare classibus austris,to give the fleets to the winds.The
hypallage, of which Virgil is fonder than any other writer, ismuch the gravest
fault in language. Landor.
HYPALLELOMORPH,See Allelomorph.
HYPANTHIUM,A fruit consisting in large part of a receptacle, enlargedbelow the
calyx, as in the alycanthus, the rose hip, and the pear.
HYPAPOPHYSIS,A process, or other element, of a vertebra developed from theventral
side of the centrum, as hæmal spines, and chevron bones.-- Hy`pa*po*phys"i*al, a.
HYPARTERIAL,Situated below an artery; applied esp. to the branches of thebronchi
given off below the point where the pulmonary artery crossesthe bronchus.
HYPASPIST,A shield-bearer or armor-bearer. Mitford.
HYPAXIAL,Beneath the axis of the skeleton; subvertebral; hyposkeletal.
HYPE,Intense publicity for a future event, performed in a showy orexcessively
dramatic manner suggesting an importance not justified bythe event; as, the hype
surrounding the superbowl is usuallyludicrous.[PJC]
HYPER-,A prefix equivalent to super- or per-; as hyperoxide, orperoxide. [Obs.] See
Per-.
HYPERAEMIA,A superabundance or congestion of blood in an organ or part ofthe body.
Active hyperæmia, cognestion d%ue to increased flow ofblood to a part.-- Passive
hyperæmia, interchange due to obstruction in the returnof blood from a part.--
Hy`per*æ"mic, a.
HYPERAESTHESIA,A state of exalted or morbidly increased sensibility of thebody, or
of a part of it.-- Hy`per*æs*thet"ic, a.
HYPERAPOPHYSIS,A lateral and backward-projecting process on the dorsal side ofa
vertebra.-- Hy`per*ap`o*phys"i*al, a.
HYPERASPIST,One who holds a shield over another; hence, a defender.
[Obs.]Chillingworth.
HYPERBATIC,Of or pertaining to an hyperbaton; transposed; inverted.
HYPERBATON,A figurative construction, changing or inverting the naturalorder of
words or clauses; as, "echoed the hills" for "the hillsechoed."With a violent
hyperbaton to transpose the text. Milton.
HYPERBOLA,A curve formed by a section of a cone, when the cutting planemakes a
greater angle with the base than the side of the cone makes.It is a plane curve
such that the difference of the distances fromany point of it to two fixed points,
called foci, is equal to a givendistance. See Focus. If the cutting plane be
produced so as to cutthe opposite cone, another curve will be formed, which is also
anhyperbola. Both curves are regarded as branches of the samehyperbola. See Illust.
of Conic section, and Focus.
HYPERBOLE,A figure of speech in which the expression is an evidentexaggeration of
the meaning intended to be conveyed, or by whichthings are represented as much
greater or less, better or worse, thanthey really are; a statement exaggerated
fancifully, throughexcitement, or for effect.Our common forms of compliment are
almost all of them extravaganthyperboles. Blair.Somebody has said of the boldest
figure in rhetoric, the hyperbole,that it lies without deceiving. Macaulay.
HYPERBOLICALLY,In the form of an hyperbola.
HYPERBOLIFORM,Having the form, or nearly the form, of an hyperbola.
HYPERBOLISM,The use of hyperbole. Jefferson.
HYPERBOLIST,One who uses hyperboles.
HYPERBOLIZE,To speak or write with exaggeration. Bp. Montagu.
HYPERBOLOID,A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planesin
hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a surface.Hyperboloid of
revolution, an hyperboloid described by an hyperbolarevolving about one of its
axes. The surface has two separate sheetswhen the axis of revolution is the
transverse axis, but only one whenthe axis of revolution is the conjugate axis of
the hyperbola.
HYPERBOREAN,Of or pertaining to the region beyond the North wind, or to
itsinhabitants.
HYPERCARBURETED,Having an excessive proportion of carbonic acid; -- said
ofbicarbonates or acid carbonates. [Written also hypercarburetted.]
HYPERCATALECTIC,Having a syllable or two beyond measure; as, a
hypercatalecticverse.
HYPERCHLORIC,See Perchloric.
HYPERCHROMATISM,The condition of having an unusual intensity of color.
HYPERCRITIC,One who is critical beyond measure or reason; a carping critic;a
captious censor. "Hypercritics in English poetry." Dryden.
HYPERCRITICALLY,In a hypercritical manner.
HYPERCRITICISE,To criticise with unjust severity; to criticise captiously.
HYPERCRITICISM,Excessive criticism, or unjust severity or rigor of
criticism;zoilism.
HYPERDICROTIC,Excessive dicrotic; as, a hyperdicrotic pulse.
HYPERDICROTISM,A hyperdicrotic condition.
HYPERDICROTOUS,Hyperdicrotic.
HYPERDULIA,Veneration or worship given to the Virgin Mary as the mostexalted of
mere creatures; higher veneration than dulia. Addis &Arnold.
HYPERDULY,Hyperdulia. [Obs.]
HYPERESTHESIA,Same as Hyperæsthesia.
HYPERICUM,A genus of plants, generally with dotted leaves and yellowflowers; --
called also St. John's-wort.
HYPERINOSIS,A condition of the blood, characterized by an abnormally largeamount of
fibrin, as in many inflammatory diseases.
HYPERION,The god of the sun; in the later mythology identified withApollo, and
distinguished for his beauty.So excellent a king; that was, to this, Hyperion to a
satyr. Shak.
HYPERKINESIS,Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm.
HYPERKINETIC,Of or pertaining to hyperkinesis.
HYPERMETAMORPHOSIS,A kind of metamorphosis, in certain insects, in which the
larvaitself undergoes remarkable changes of form and structure during itsgrowth.
HYPERMETER,A verse which has a redundant syllable or foot; ahypercatalectic verse.
HYPERMETRICAL,Having a redundant syllable; exceeding the common
measure.Hypermetrical verse (Gr. & Lat. Pros.), a verse which contains asyllable
more than the ordinary measure.
HYPERMYRIORAMA,A show or exhibition having a great number of scenes or views.
HYPERNOEA,Abnormal breathing, due to slightly deficient arterializationof the
blood; -- in distinction from eupnoea. See Eupnoea, andDispnoea.
HYPEROARTIA,An order of marsipobranchs including the lampreys. Thesuckerlike moth
contains numerous teeth; the nasal opening is in themiddle of the head above, but
it does not connect with the mouth. SeeCyclostoma, and Lamprey.
HYPEROPIA,Hypermetropia.-- Hy`per*op"tic, a.
HYPERORGANIC,Higher than, or beyond the sphere of, the organic. Sir W.Hamilton.
HYPERORTHODOXY,Orthodoxy pushed to excess.
HYPEROTRETA,An order of marsipobranchs, including the Myxine or hagfish andthe
genus Bdellostoma. They have barbels around the mouth, one toothon the plate, and a
communication between tionnasal aperture and thethroat. See Hagfish. [Written also
Hyperotreti.]
HYPEROXIDE,A compound having a relatively large percentage of oxygen; aperoxide.
[Obs.]
HYPEROXYMURIATE,A perchlorate. [Obs.]
HYPEROXYMURIATIC,Perchloric; as, hyperoxymuriatic acid. [Obs.]
HYPERPHYSICAL,Above or transcending physical laws; supernatural.Those who do not
fly to some hyperphysical hypothesis. Sir W.Hamilton.
HYPERPLASIA,An increase in, or excessive growth of, the normal elements ofany part.
HYPERPLASTIC,Tending to excess of formative action.
HYPERPYREXIA,A condition of excessive fever; an elevation of temperature ina
disease, in excess of the limit usually observed in that disease.
HYPERSECRETION,Morbid or excessive secretion, as in catarrh.
HYPERSENSIBILITY,See Hyperæsthesia.
HYPERSPACE,An imagined space having more than three dimensions.
HYPERSTHENE,An orthorhombic mineral of the pyroxene group, of a grayish orgreenish
black color, often with a peculiar bronzelike luster(schiller) on the cleavage
surface.
HYPERSTHENIC,Composed of, or containing, hypersthene.
HYPERTHETICAL,Exaggerated; excessive; hyperbolical. [Obs.]Hyperthetical or
superlative . . . expression. Chapman.
HYPERTHYRION,That part of the architrave which is over a door or window.
HYPERTROPHIED,Excessively developed; characterized by hypertrophy.
HYPERTROPHY,A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an organor part;
-- the opposite of atrophy.
HYPHAE,The long, branching filaments of which the mycelium (and thegreater part of
the plant) of a fungus is formed. They are also foundenveloping the gonidia of
lichens, making up a large part of theirstructure.
HYPHEN,A mark or short dash, thus [-], placed at the end of a linewhich terminates
with a syllable of a word, the remainder of which iscarried to the next line; or
between the parts of many a compoundword; as in fine-leaved, clear-headed. It is
also sometimes used toseparate the syllables of words.
HYPHENATED,United by hyphens; hyphened; as, a hyphenated or hyphened word.
HYPHOMYCETES,One of the great division of fungi, containing those specieswhich have
naked spores borne on free or only fasciculate threads. M.J. Berkley.
HYPIDIOMORPHIC,Partly idiomorphic; -- said of rock a portion only of
whoseconstituents have a distinct crystalline form.-- Hy*pid`i*o*mor"phic*al*ly,
adv.
HYPINOSIS,A diminution in the normal amount of fibrin present in theblood.
HYPNAGOGIC,Leading to sleep; -- applied to the illusions of one who ishalf asleep.
HYPNOBATE,A somnambulist. [R.]
HYPNOCYST,A cyst in which some unicellular organisms temporarily inclosethemselves,
from which they emerge unchanged, after a period ofdrought or deficiency of food.
In some instances, a process of sporeformation seems to occur within such cysts.
HYPNOGENIC,Relating to the production of hypnotic sleep; as, the so-
calledhypnogenic pressure points, pressure upon which is said to cause anattack of
hypnotic sleep. De Watteville.
HYPNOLOGIST,One who is versed in hypnology.
HYPNOLOGY,A treatise on sleep; the doctrine of sleep.
HYPNOSCOPE,An instrument for ascertaining the susceptibility of a personto hypnotic
influences.
HYPNOSIS,Supervention of sleep.
HYPNOTISM,A form of sleep or somnambulism brought on by artificial means,in which
there is an unusual suspension of some powers, and anunusual activity of others. It
is induced by an action upon thenerves, through the medium of the senses, as in
persons of veryfeeble organization, by gazing steadly at a very bright object
heldbefore the eyes, or by pressure upon certain points of the surface ofthe body.
HYPNOTIZATION,The act or process of producing hypnotism.
HYPNOTIZE,To induce hypnotism in; to place in a state of hypnotism.
HYPNOTIZER,One who hypnotizes.
HYPNUM,The largest genus of true mosses; feather moss.
HYPO,Hypochondria. [Colloq.]
HYPO-,A prefix denoting that the element to the name of which it isprefixed enters
with a low valence, or in a low state of oxidization,usually the lowest, into the
compounds indicated; as, hyposulphurousacid.
HYPOARIAN,Of or pertaining to a hypoarion.
HYPOARION,An oval lobe beneath each of the optic lobes in many fishes;one of the
inferior lobes. Owen.
HYPOBLAST,The inner or lower layer of the blastoderm; -- called alsoendoderm,
entoderm, and sometimes hypoderm. See Illust. ofBlastoderm, Delamination, and
Ectoderm.
HYPOBLASTIC,Relating to, or connected with, the hypoblast; as, the hypoicsac.
HYPOBOLE,A figure in which several things are mentioned that seem tomake against
the argument, or in favor of the opposite side, each ofthem being refuted in order.
HYPOBRANCHIAL,Pertaining to the segment between the basibranchial and
theceratobranchial in a branchial arch.-- n.
HYPOCARPOGEAN,Producing fruit below the ground.
HYPOCAUST,A furnace, esp. one connected with a series of small chambersand flues of
tiles or other masonry through which the heat of a firewas distributed to rooms
above. This contrivance, first used in bath,was afterwards adopted in private
houses.
HYPOCHLORITE,A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium hypochloride.
HYPOCHLOROUS,Pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine having a valence lowerthan in
chlorous compounds. Hypochlorous acid (Chem.), an acidderived from chlorine, not
known in a pure state, but forming varioussalts, called hypochlorites.
HYPOCHONDRES,The hypochondriac regions. See Hypochondrium.
HYPOCHONDRIA,Hypochondriasis; melancholy; the blues.
HYPOCHONDRIAC,A person affected with hypochondriasis.He had become an incurable
hypochondriac. Macaulay.
HYPOCHONDRIACAL,Same as Hypochondriac, 2.-- Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal*ly, adv.
HYPOCHONDRIACISM,Hypochondriasis. [R.]
HYPOCHONDRIASIS,A mental disorder in which melancholy and gloomy views tormentthe
affected person, particularly concerning his own health.
HYPOCHONDRIASM,Hypochondriasis. [R.]
HYPOCHONDRIUM,Either of the hypochondriac regions.
HYPOCHONDRY,Hypochondriasis.
HYPOCIST,An astringent inspissated juice obtained from the fruit of aplant (Cytinus
hypocistis), growing from the roots of the Cistus, asmall European shrub.
HYPOCLEIDIUM,A median process on the furculum, or merrythought, of manybirds, where
it is connected with the sternum.
HYPOCORISTIC,Endearing; diminutive; as, the hypocoristic form of a name.The
hypocoristic or pet form of William. Dr. Murray.
HYPOCRATERIFORM,hypocraterimorphous; salver-shaped. Wood.
HYPOCRATERIMORPHOUS,Salver-shaped; having a slender tube, expanding suddenly
aboveinto a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as in the blossom of thephlox and the
lilac.
HYPOCRISY,The act or practice of a hypocrite; a feigning to be what oneis not, or
to feel what one does not feel; a dissimulation, or aconcealment of one's real
character, disposition, or motives;especially, the assuming of false appearance of
virtue or religion; asimulation of goodness.Hypocrisy is the necessary burden of
villainy. Rambler.Hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue. La Rochefoucauld
(Trans.).
HYPOCRITE,One who plays a part; especially, one who, for the purpose ofwinning
approbation of favor, puts on a fair outside seeming; one whofeigns to be other and
better than he is; a false pretender to virtueor piety; one who simulates virtue or
piety.The hypocrite's hope shall perish. Job viii. 13.I dare swear he is no
hypocrite, but prays from his heart. Shak.
HYPOCRITELY,Hypocritically. [R.] Sylvester.
HYPOCRITIC,See Hypocritical. Swift.
HYPOCRITICAL,Of or pertaining to a hypocrite, or to hypocrisy; as,
ahypocriticalperson; a hypocritical look; a hypocritical action.Hypocritical
professions of friendship and of pacific intentions werenot spared. Macaulay.--
Hyp`o*crit"ic*al*ly, adv.
HYPOCRYSTALLINE,Partly crystalline; -- said of rock which consists of
crystalsimbedded in a glassy ground mass.
HYPOCYCLOID,A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circlewhich rolls
on the concave side in the fixed circle. Cf. Epicycloid,and Trochoid.
HYPODACTYLUM,The under side of the toes.
HYPODERM,Same as Hypoblast.
HYPODERMA,A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, andperforming the
physiological function of strengthening the epidermaltissue. In phanerogamous
plants it is developed as collenchyma.
HYPODERMATIC,Hypodermic.-- Hyp`o*der*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
HYPODERMIC,Of or pertaining to the parts under the skin. Hypodermicmedication, the
application of remedies under the epidermis, usuallyby means of a small syringe,
called the hypodermic syringe.-- Hyp`o*der"mic*al*ly, adv.
HYPODERMIS,Same as Hypoblast.
HYPOGAEIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the peanut, or earthnut(Arachis
hypogæa). Hypogæic acid (Chem.), an acid in the oil of theearthnut, in which it
exists as a glyceride, and from which it isextracted as a white, crystalline
substance.
HYPOGASTRIC,Of or pertaining to the hypogastrium or the hypogastric
region.Hypogastric region. (a) The lower part of the abdomen. (b) Anarbitrary
division of the abdomen below the umbilical and between thetwo iliac regions.
HYPOGASTRIUM,The lower part of the abdomen.
HYPOGEAN,Hypogeous. [Written also hypogæan.]
HYPOGENE,Formed or crystallized at depths the earth's surface; -- saidof granite,
gneiss, and other rocks, whose crystallization isbelieved of have taken place
beneath a great thickness of overlyingrocks. Opposed to epigene.
HYPOGEOUS,Growing under ground; remaining under ground; ripening itsfruit under
ground. [Written also hypogæous.]
HYPOGEUM,The subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters,for the
service of the games; also, subterranean galleries, as thecatacombs.
HYPOGLOSSAL,Under the tongue; -- applied esp., in the higher vertebrates,to the
twelfth or last pair of cranial nerves, which are distributedto the base of the
tongue.-- n.
HYPOGNATOUS,Having the maxilla, or lower jaw, longer than the upper, as inthe
skimmer.
HYPOGYN,An hypogynous plant.
HYPOGYNOUS,Inserted below the pistil or pistils; -- said of sepals,petals, and
stamens; having the sepals, petals, and stamens insertedbelow the pistil; -- said
of a flower or a plant. Gray.
HYPOHYAL,Pertaining to one or more small elements in the hyoidean archof fishes,
between the caratohyal and urohyal.-- n.
HYPONASTIC,Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth. Cf.Epinastic.
HYPONASTY,Downward convexity, or convexity of the inferior surface.
HYPONITRITE,A salt of hyponitrous acid.
HYPONITROUS,Containing or derived from nitrogen having a lower valence thanin
nitrous compounds. Hyponitrous acid (Chem.), an unstable nitrogenacid, NOH, whose
salts are produced by reduction of the nitrates,although the acid itself is not
isolated in the free state except asa solution in water; -- called also nitrosylic
acid.
HYPOPHARYNX,An appendage or fold on the lower side of the pharynx, incertain
insects.
HYPOPHOSPHATE,A salt of hypophosphoric acid.
HYPOPHOSPHITE,A salt of hypophosphorous acid.
HYPOPHOSPHORIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, or containing, phosphorus in alower
state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as,hypophosphoric acid.
Hypophosphoric acid (Chem.), an acid, P2H4O6,produced by the slow oxidation of
moist phosphorus, and isolated onlyas a solution in water. It is regarded as a
condensation product ofone molecule of phosphoric acid with one of phosphorous
acid, bypartial dehydration.
HYPOPHOSPHOROUS,Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state
ofoxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphorous acid.Hypophosphorous
acid (Chem.) , an acid, H3PO2, whose salts areproduced by the action of barium
hygrate on phosphorus. It may beobtained from its water solution, by exaporation
and freezing, as awhite crystalline substance. It is a powerful reducing agent.
HYPOPHYLLOUS,Being or growing on the under side of a leaf, as the fruit dotsof
ferns.
HYPOPHYSIAL,Of or pertaining to the hypophysis; pituitary.
HYPOPHYSIS,See Pituitary body, under Pituitary.
HYPOPLASTRON,The third lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- calledalso
hyposternum.
HYPOPTILUM,An accessory plume arising from the posterior side of the stemof the
contour feathers of many birds; -- called also aftershaft. SeeIllust. of Feather.
HYPORADIUS,One of the barbs of the hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a feather.See
Feather.
HYPORHACHIS,The stem of an aftershaft or hypoptilum. [Written alsohyporachis.]
HYPOSKELETAL,Beneath the endoskeleton; hypaxial; as, the hyposkeletalmuscles; --
opposed to episkeletal.
HYPOSPADIAS,A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra opens upon itsunder
surface.
HYPOSTASIS,Substance; subsistence; essence; person; personality; -- usedby the
early theologians to denote any one of the three subdivisionsof the Godhead, the
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
HYPOSTASIZE,To make into a distinct substance; to conceive or treat as anexisting
being; to hypostatize. [R.]The pressed Newtonians . . . refused to hypostasize the
law ofgravitation into an ether. Coleridge.
HYPOSTATICALLY,In a hypostatic manner.
HYPOSTERNUM,See Hypoplastron.
HYPOSTYLE,Resting upon columns; constructed by means of columns; --especially
applied to the great hall at Karnak.
HYPOSULPHATE,A salt of hyposulphuric acid.
HYPOSULPHURIC,Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur in a lower state ofoxidation
than in the sulphuric compounds; as, hyposulphuric acid.Hyposulphuric acid, an
acid, H2S2O6, obtained by the action ofmanganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and
known only in a waterysolution and in its salts; -- called also dithionic acid.
SeeDithionic.
HYPOSULPHUROUS,Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a lowstate
of oxidation. Hyposulphurous acid. (a) Thiosulphuric acid.[Obs.] (b) An acid,
H2SO2, obtained by the reduction of sulphurousacid. It is not obtained in the free
state, but in an orange-yellowwater solution, which is a strong reducing and
bleaching agent.Called also hydrosulphurous acid.
HYPOTARSUS,A process on the posterior side of the tarsometatarsus of manybirds; the
calcaneal process.-- Hy`po*tar"sal, a.
HYPOTHEC,A landlord's right, independently of stipulation, over thestocking
(cattle, implements, etc.), and crops of his tenant, assecurity for payment of
rent.
HYPOTHECA,An obligation by which property of a debtor was made over tohis creditor
in security of his debt.
HYPOTHECATE,To subject, as property, to liability for a debt or engagementwithout
delivery of possession or transfer of title; to pledgewithout delivery of
possession; to mortgage, as ships, or otherpersonal property; to make a contract by
bottomry. See Hypothecation,Bottomry.He had found the treasury empty and the pay of
the navy in arrear. Hehad no power to hypothecate any part of the public revenue.
Those wholent him money lent it on no security but his bare word. Macaulay.
HYPOTHECATION,The act or contract by which property is hypothecated; a rightwhich a
creditor has in or to the property of his debtor, in virtueof which he may cause it
to be sold and the price appropriated inpayment of his debt. This is a right in the
thing, or jus in re.Pothier. B. R. Curtis.There are but few cases, if any, in our
law, where an hypothecation,in the strict sense of the Roman law, exists; that is a
pledgewithout possession by the pledgee. Story.
HYPOTHECATOR,One who hypothecates or pledges anything as security for therepayment
of money borrowed.
HYPOTHENAR,The hypothenar eminence.
HYPOTHENUSAL,Of or pertaining to hypothenuse. [R.]
HYPOTHENUSE,Same as Hypotenuse.
HYPOTHESIS,A tentative theory or supposition provisionally adopted toexplain
certain facts, and to guide in the investigation of others;hence, frequently called
a working hypothesis.
HYPOTHETIST,One who proposes or supports an hypothesis. [R.]
HYPOTRACHELIUM,Same as Gorgerin.
HYPOTRICHA,A division of ciliated Infusoria in which the cilia cover onlythe under
side of the body.
HYPOTROCHOID,A curve, traced by a point in the radius, or radius produced,of a
circle which rolls upon the concave side of a fixed circle. SeeHypocycloid,
Epicycloid, and Trochoid.
HYPOTYPOSIS,A vivid, picturesque description of scenes or events.
HYPOXANTHIN,A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, closely related toxanthin and
uric acid, widely distributed through the animal body,but especially in muscle
tissue; -- called also sarcin, sarkin.
HYPOZOIC,Anterior in age to the lowest rocks which contain organicremains. Lyell.
HYPPISH,Affected with hypochondria; hypped. [Written also hyppish.]
HYPPOGRIFF,See Hyppogriff.
HYPSILOID,Resembling the Greek letter
HYPSOMETER,An instrument for measuring heights by observation ofbarometric
pressure; esp., one for determining heights byascertaining the boiling point of
water. It consists of a vessel forwater, with a lamp for heating it, and an
inclosed thermometer forshowing the temperature of ebullition.
HYPSOMETRY,That branch of the science of geodesy which has to do with
themeasurement of heights, either absolutely with reference to the sealevel, or
relatively.
HYPURAL,Under the tail; -- applied to the bones which support thecaudal fin rays in
most fishes.
HYRACOID,Of or pertaining to the Hyracoidea.-- n.
HYRACOIDEA,An order of small hoofed mammals, comprising the single livinggenus
Hyrax.
HYRAX,Any animal of the genus Hyrax, of which about four species areknown. They
constitute the order Hyracoidea. The best known speciesare the daman (H. Syriacus)
of Palestine, and the klipdas (H.capensis) of South Africa. Other species are H.
arboreus and H.Sylvestris, the former from Southern, and the latter from
Western,Africa. See Daman.
HYRSE,Millet.
HYRST,A wood. See Hurst.
HYSON,A fragrant kind of green tea. Hyson skin, the light andinferior leaves
separated from the hyson by a winnowing machine.M'Culloch.
HYSSOP,A plant (Hyssopus officinalis). The leaves have an aromaticsmell, and a
warm, pungent taste.
HYSTERANTHOUS,Having the leaves expand after the flowers have opened.Henslow.
HYSTERESIS,A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces actingupon a
body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; atemporary resistance
to change from a condition previously invuced,observed in magnetism,
thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal ofpolarity.
HYSTERETIC,Of or pert. to hysteresis. -- Hysteretic constant, thehysteretic loss in
ergs per cubic centimeter per cycle.
HYSTERIA,A nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women, inwhich the
emotional and reflex excitability is exaggerated, and thewill power correspondingly
diminished, so that the patient losescontrol over the emotions, becomes the victim
of imaginarysensations, and often falls into paroxism or fits.
HYSTERICS,Hysteria.
HYSTEROEPILEPSY,A disease resembling hysteria in its nature, and characterizedby
the occurrence of epileptiform convulsions, which can often becontrolled or excited
by pressure on the ovaries, and upon otherdefinite points in the body.--
Hys`ter*o*ep`i*lep"tic, a.
HYSTEROGENIC,Producing hysteria; as, the hysterogenicpressure points on thesurface
of the body, pressure upon which is said both to produce andarrest an attack of
hysteria. De Watteville.
HYSTEROLOGY,A figure by which the ordinary course of thought is inverted
inexpression, and the last put first; -- called also hysteron proteron.
HYSTEROPHYTE,A plant, like the fungus, which lives on dead or living
organicmatter.-- Hys`ter*oph"y*tal, a.
HYSTEROTOMY,The Cæsarean section. See under Cæsarean.
HYSTRICINE,Like or pertaining to the porcupines.
HYSTRICOMORPHOUS,Like, or allied to, the porcupines; -- said of a
group(Hystricomorpha) of rodents.
HYSTRIX,A genus of rodents, including the porcupine.
HYTHE,A small haven. See Hithe. [Obs.]
I O U,A paper having on it these letters, with a sum named, and dulysigned; -- in
use in England as an acknowledgment of a debt, andtaken as evidence thereof, but
not amounting to a promissory note; adue bill. Wharton. Story.
I,The nominative case of the pronoun of the first person; theword with which a
speaker or writer denotes himself.
I-,See Y-.
IAMATOLOGY,Materia Medica; that branch of therapeutics which treats ofremedies.
IAMB,An iambus or iambic. [R.]
IAMBIC,Consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, or of anunaccented
syllable followed by an accented; as, an iambic foot.
IAMBICAL,Iambic. [Obs. or R.]
IAMBICALLY,In a iambic manner; after the manner of iambics.
IAMBIZE,To satirize in iambics; to lampoon. [R.]
IAMBUS,A foot consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one,as in âmans, or
of an unaccented syllable followed by an accentedone, as invent; an iambic. See the
Couplet under Iambic, n.
IANTHINA,Any gastropod of the genus Ianthina, of which various speciesare found
living in mid ocean; -- called also purple shell, andviolet snail. [Written also
janthina.]
IATRALIPTIC,Treating diseases by anointing and friction; as, theiatraliptic method.
[Written also iatroleptic.]
IATROCHEMICAL,Of or pertaining to iatrochemistry, or to the iatrochemists.
IATROCHEMIST,A physician who explained or treated diseases upon chemicalprinciples;
one who practiced iatrochemistry.
IATROCHEMISTRY,Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; -- used especiallywith
reference to the doctrines in the school of physicians inFlanders, in the 17th
century, who held that health depends upon theproper chemical relations of the
fluids of the body, and whoendeavored to explain the conditions of health or
disease by chemicalprinciples.
IATROMATHEMATICAL,Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their doctrine.
IATROMATHEMATICIAN,One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of
the17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics andmathematics to the
human body, and hence were eager student ofanatomy; -- opposed to the
iatrochemists.
IBERIAN,Of or pertaining to Iberia.
IBEX,One of several species of wild goats having very large,recurved horns,
transversely ridged in front; -- called alsosteinbok.
IBIDEM,In the same place; -- abbreviated ibid. or ib.
IBIS,Any bird of the genus Ibis and several allied genera, of thefamily Ibidæ,
inhabiting both the Old World and the New. Numerousspecies are known. They are
large, wading birds, having a long,curved beak, and feed largely on reptiles.
IBSENISM,The dramatic practice or purpose characteristic of the writingsof Henrik
Ibsen (1828-1906), Norwegian poet and dramatist, whosebest-known plays deal with
conventional hypocrisies, the story ineach play thus developing a definite moral
problem.
ICARIAN,Soaring too high for safety, like Icarus; adventurous inflight.
ICE PLANT,A plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), sprinkled withpellucid, watery
vesicles, which glisten like ice. It is native alongthe Mediterranean, in the
Canaries, and in South Africa. Its juice issaid to be demulcent and diuretic; its
ashes are used in Spain inmaking glass. Ice-skater = one who skates on ice wearing
an iceskate; esp. an athlete who performs athletic or artistic movements ona sheet
of ice, wearing ice skates; including speed skater and figureskater
ICEBERG,A large mass of ice, generally floating in the ocean.
ICEBIRD,An Arctic sea bird, as the Arctic fulmar.
ICEBOUND,Totally surrounded with ice, so as to be incapable ofadvancing; as, an
icebound vessel; also, surrounded by or fringedwith ice so as to hinder easy
access; as, an icebound coast.
ICEFALL,A frozen waterfall, or mass of ice resembling a frozenwaterfall. Coleridge.
ICELAND MOSS,A kind of lichen (Cetraria Icelandica) found from the Arcticregions to
the North Temperate zone. It furnishes a nutritious jellyand other forms of food,
and is used in pulmonary complaints as ademulcent.
ICELAND SPAR,A transparent variety of calcite, the best of which is obtainedin
Iceland. It is used for the prisms of the polariscope, because ofits strong double
refraction. Cf. Calcite.
ICELANDER,A native, or one of the Scandinavian people, of Iceland.
ICELANDIC,Of or pertaining to Iceland; relating to, or resembling, theIcelanders.
ICEQUAKE,The crash or concussion attending the breaking up of masses ofice, --
often due to contraction from extreme cold.
ICH,I. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ICHNEUMON,Any carnivorous mammal of the genus Herpestes, and familyViverridæ.
Numerous species are found in Asia and Africa. TheEgyptian species(H. ichneumon),
which ranges to Spain and Palestine,is noted for destroying the eggs and young of
the crocodile as wellas various snakes and lizards, and hence was considered sacred
by theancient Egyptians. The common species of India (H. griseus), known asthe
mongoose, has similar habits and is often domesticated. It isnoted for killing the
cobra.
ICHNEUMONIDAN,Of or pertaining to the Ichneumonidæ, or ichneumon flies.-- n.
ICHNEUMONIDES,The ichneumon flies.
ICHNITE,A fossil footprint; as, the ichnites in the Triassic sandstone.Page.
ICHNOGRAPHY,A horizontal section of a building or other object, showing itstrue
dimensions according to a geometric scale; a ground plan; a map;also, the art of
making such plans.
ICHNOLITE,A fossil footprint; an ichnite.
ICHNOLITHOLOGY,Same as Ichnology. Hitchcock.
ICHNOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to ichnology.
ICHNOLOGY,The branch of science which treats of fossil footprints.
ICHNOSCOPY,The search for the traces of anything. [R.]
ICHOR,An ethereal fluid that supplied the place of blood in the veinsof the gods.
ICHORHAEMIA,Infection of the blood with ichorous or putrid substances.
ICHOROUS,Of or like ichor; thin; watery; serous; sanious.
ICHTHIDIN,A substance from the egg yolk of osseous fishes.
ICHTHIN,A nitrogenous substance resembling vitellin, present in the eggyolk of
cartilaginous fishes.
ICHTHULIN,A substance from the yolk of salmon's egg.
ICHTHUS,In early Christian and eccesiastical art, an emblematic fish,or the Greek
word for fish, which combined the initials of the Greekwords
ICHTHYIC,Like, or pertaining to, fishes.
ICHTHYOCOPROLITE,Fossil dung of fishes.
ICHTHYODORULITE,One of the spiny plates foundon the back and tail of certainskates.
ICHTHYOGRAPHY,A treatise on fishes.
ICHTHYOL,An oily substance prepared by the dry distillation of abituminous mineral
containing fossil fishes. It is used in medicineas a remedy in some forms of skin
diseases.
ICHTHYOLATRY,Worship of fishes, or of fish-shaped idols. Layard.
ICHTHYOLITE,A fossil fish, or fragment of a fish.
ICHTHYOLOGIST,One versed in, or who studies, ichthyology.
ICHTHYOLOGY,The natural history of fishes; that branch of zoölogy whichrelates to
fishes, including their structure, classification, andhabits.
ICHTHYOMANCY,Divination by the heads or the entrails of fishes.
ICHTHYOMORPHA,The Urodela.
ICHTHYOPHAGIST,One who eats, or subsists on, fish.
ICHTHYOPHAGOUS,Eating, or subsisting on, fish.
ICHTHYOPHAGY,The practice of eating, or living upon, fish.
ICHTHYOPHTHALMITE,See Apophyllite. [R.]
ICHTHYOPHTHIRA,A division of copepod crustaceans, including numerous
speciesparasitic on fishes.
ICHTHYOPSIDA,A grand division of the Vertebrata, including the Amphibia andFishes.
ICHTHYOPTERYGIA,See Ichthyosauria.
ICHTHYOPTERYGIUM,The typical limb, or lateral fin, of fishes.
ICHTHYORNIS,An extinct genus of toothed birds found in the AmericanCretaceous
formation. It is remarkable for having biconcave vertebræ,and sharp, conical teeth
set in sockets. Its wings were welldeveloped. It is the type of the order
Odontotormæ.
ICHTHYOSAUR,One of the Ichthyosaura.
ICHTHYOSAURIA,An extinct order of marine reptiles, including Ichthyosaurusand
allied forms; -- called also Ichthyopterygia. They have not beenfound later than
the Cretaceous period.
ICHTHYOSAURIAN,Of or pertaining to the Ichthyosauria.-- n.
ICHTHYOSAURUS,An extinct genus of marine reptiles; -- so named from theirshort,
biconcave vertebræ, resembling those of fishes. Severalspecies, varying in length
from ten to thirty feet, are known fromthe Liassic, Oölitic, and Cretaceous
formations.
ICHTHYOSIS,A disease in which the skin is thick, rough, and scaly; --called also
fishskin.-- Ich`thy*ot"ic, a.
ICHTHYOTOMIST,One skilled in ichthyotomy.
ICHTHYOTOMY,The anatomy or dissection of fishes. [R.]
ICHTHYS,Same as Ichthus.
ICICLE,A pendent, and usually conical, mass of ice, formed by freezingof dripping
water; as, the icicles on the eaves of a house.
ICICLED,Having icicles attached.
ICILY,In an icy manner; coldly.Faultily faultless, icily regular, splendidly null,
Dead perfection,no more. Tennyson.
ICINESS,The state or quality of being icy or very cold; frigidity.
ICING,A coating or covering resembling ice, as of sugar and milk orwhite of egg;
frosting.
ICKLE,An icicle. [Prov. Eng.]
ICON,An image or representation; a portrait or pretended portrait.Netherlands whose
names and icons are published. Hakewill.
ICONICAL,Pertaining to, or consisting of, images, pictures, orrepresentations of
any kind.
ICONISM,The formation of a figure, representation, or semblance; adelineation or
description.Some kind of apish imitations, counterfeit iconisms. Cudworth.
ICONIZE,To form an image or likeness of. [R.] Cudworth.
ICONOCLASM,The doctrine or practice of the iconoclasts; image breaking.
ICONOCLASTIC,Of or pertaining to the iconoclasts, or to image breaking.Milman.
ICONOGRAPH,An engraving or other picture or illustration for a book.
ICONOGRAPHER,A maker of images. Fairholt.
ICONOLATER,One who worships images.
ICONOLATRY,The worship of images as symbols; -- distinguished fromidolatry, the
worship of images themselves.
ICONOLOGY,The discussion or description of portraiture or ofrepresentative images.
Cf. Iconography.
ICONOMACHY,Hostility to images as objects of worship. [R.]
ICONOMANIA,A mania or infatuation for icons, whether as objects ofdevotion, bric-a-
brac, or curios.
ICONOMICAL,Opposed to pictures or images as objects of worship. [R.] SirT. Browne.
ICONOPHILIST,A student, or lover of the study, of iconography.
ICOSAHEDRAL,Having twenty equal sides or faces.
ICOSAHEDRON,A solid bounded by twenty sides or faces. Regular icosahedron,one of
the five regular polyhedrons, bounded by twenty equilateraltriangules. Five
triangules meet to form each solid angle of thepolyhedron.
ICOSANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants, having twenty or more stamensinserted in the
calyx.
ICOSITETRAHEDRON,A twenty-four-sided solid; a tetragonal trisoctahedron
ortrapezohedron.
ICTERIC,A remedy for the jaundice.
ICTEROID,Of a tint resembling that produced by jaundice; yellow; as, anicteroid
tint or complexion.
ICTERUS,The jaundice.
ICTIC,Pertaining to, or caused by, a blow; sudden; abrupt. [R.] H.Bushnell.
ICTUS,The stress of voice laid upon accented syllable of a word. Cf.Arsis.
ICY-PEARLED,Spangled with ice.Mounting up in icy-pearled car. Milton.
ID,A small fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Leuciscus idus or Idusidus) of Europe. A
domesticated variety, colored like the goldfish,is called orfe in Germany.
IDALIAN,Of or pertaining to Idalium, a mountain city in Cyprus, or toVenus, to whom
it was sacred. "Idalian Aphrodité." Tennyson.
IDE,Same as Id.
IDEAL,Imaginary.
IDEALESS,Destitute of an idea.
IDEALISM,The system or theory that denies the existence of materialbodies, and
teaches that we have no rational grounds to believe inthe reality of anything but
ideas and their relations.
IDEALISTIC,Of or pertaining to idealists or their theories.
IDEALITY,The conceptive faculty.
IDEALIZATION,The representation of natural objects, scenes, etc., in such away as
to show their most important characteristics; the study of theideal.
IDEALIZE,To treat in an ideal manner. See Idealization, 2.
IDEALIZER,An idealist.
IDEALLY,In an ideal manner; by means of ideals; mentally.
IDEALOGIC,Of or pertaining to an idealogue, or to idealization.
IDEALOGUE,One given to fanciful ideas or theories; a theorist; aspectator. [R.]
Mrs. Browning.
IDEATION,The faculty or capacity of the mind for forming ideas; theexercise of this
capacity; the act of the mind by which objects ofsense are apprehended and retained
as objects of thought.The whole mass of residua which have been accumulated . . .
all enternow into the process of ideation. J. D. Morell.
IDEATIONAL,Pertaining to, or characterized by, ideation.Certain sensational or
ideational stimuli. Blackw. Mag.
IDEM,The same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated id.
IDENTIC,Identical. [Obs.] Hudibras.
IDENTICALLY,In an identical manner; with respect to identity. "Identicallythe
same." Bp. Warburton. "Identically different." Ross.
IDENTICALNESS,The quality or state of being identical; sameness.
IDENTIFIABLE,Capable of being identified.
IDENTIFICATION,The act of identifying, or proving to be the same; also, thestate of
being identified.
IDENTIFY,To become the same; to coalesce in interest, purpose, use,effect, etc.
[Obs. or R.]An enlightened self-interest, which, when well understood, they tellus
will identify with an interest more enlarged and public. Burke.
IDENTISM,The doctrine taught by Schelling, that matter and mind, andsubject and
object, are identical in the Absolute; -- called also thesystem or doctrine of
identity.
IDENTITY,An identical equation.
IDEO-,. A combining form from the Gr. idea.
IDEO-MOTION,An ideo-motor movement.
IDEO-MOTOR,Applied to those actions, or muscular movements, which areautomatic
expressions of dominant ideas, rather than the result ofdistinct volitional
efforts, as the act of expressing the thoughts inspeech, or in writing, while the
mind is occupied in the compositionof the sentence. Carpenter.
IDEOGENICAL,Of or relating to ideology.
IDEOGENY,The science which treats of the origin of ideas.
IDEOGRAPH,Same as Ideogram.
IDEOGRAPHICS,The system of writing in ideographic characters; also, anythingso
written.
IDEOGRAPHY,The representation of ideas independently of sounds, or in anideographic
manner, as sometimes is done in shorthand writing, etc.
IDEOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to ideology.
IDEOLOGIST,One who treats of ideas; one who theorizes or idealizes; oneversed in
the science of ideas, or who advocates the doctrines ofideology.
IDEOLOGY,A theory of the origin of ideas which derives them exclusivelyfrom
sensation.
IDES,The fifteenth day of March, May, July, and October, and thethirteenth day of
the other months.The ides of March remember. Shak.
IDIO-,. A combining form from the Greek private, personal, peculiar,distinct.
IDIOBLAST,An individual cell, differing greatly from its neighbours inregard to
size, structure, or contents.
IDIOCRASIS,Idiocracy.
IDIOCRASY,Peculiarity of constitution; that temperament, or state ofconstitution,
which is peculiar to a person; idiosyncrasy.
IDIOCY,The condition or quality of being an idiot; absence, or markeddeficiency, of
sense and intelligence.I will undertake to convict a man of idiocy, if he can not
see theproof that three angles of a triangle are equal to two right angles.F. W.
Robertson.
IDIOCYCLOPHANOUS,Same as Idiophanous.
IDIOELECTRIC,Electric by virtue of its own peculiar properties; capable ofbecoming
electrified by friction; -- opposed to anelectric.-- n.
IDIOGRAPH,A mark or signature peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.
IDIOLATRY,Self-worship; excessive self-esteem.
IDIOM,Of or pertaining to, or conforming to, the mode of expressionpeculiar to a
language; as, an idiomatic meaning; an idiomaticphrase.-- Id`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
IDIOMORPHIC,Idiomorphous.
IDIOMORPHOUS,Apperaing in distinct crystals; -- said of the mineralconstituents of
a rock.
IDIOMUSCULAR,Applied to a semipermanent contraction of a muscle, produced bya
mechanical irritant.
IDIOPATHETIC,Idiopathic. [R.]
IDIOPATHY,A morbid state or condition not preceded or occasioned by anyother
disease; a primary disease.
IDIOPHANOUS,Exhibiting interference figures without the aid of apolariscope, as
certain crystals.
IDIOPLASM,Same as Idioplasma.
IDIOPLASMA,That portion of the cell protoplasm which is the seat of allactive
changes, and which carries on the function of hereditarytransmission; --
distinguished from the other portion, which istermed nutritive plasma. See
Hygroplasm.
IDIOREPULSIVE,Repulsive by itself; as, the idiorepulsive power of heat.
IDIOSYNCRASY,A peculiarity of physical or mental constitution ortemperament; a
characteristic belonging to, and distinguishing, anindividual; characteristic
susceptibility; idiocrasy; eccentricity.The individual mind . . . takes its tone
from the idiosyncrasies ofthe body. I. Taylor.
IDIOTCY,Idiocy. [R.]
IDIOTED,Rendered idiotic; befooled. [R.] Tennyson.
IDIOTHERMIC,Self-heating; warmed, as the body of animal, by process goingon within
itself.
IDIOTICALLY,In a idiotic manner.
IDIOTICON,A dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and phrasespeculiar
to one part of a country; a glossary.
IDIOTISH,Like an idiot; foolish.
IDIOTIZE,To become stupid. [R.]
IDIOTRY,Idiocy. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
IDLE,To lose or spend time in inaction, or without being employed inbusiness. Shak.
IDLE-PATED,Idle-headed; stupid. [Obs.]
IDLENESS,The condition or quality of being idle (in the various sensesof that
word); uselessness; fruitlessness; triviality; inactivity;laziness.
IDLER,One who has constant day duties on board ship, and keeps noregular watch.
Totten.
IDLY,In a idle manner; ineffectually; vainly; lazily; carelessly;(Obs.) foolishly.
IDO,An artificial international language, selected by the"Delegation for the
Adoption of an Auxillary International Language"(founded at Paris in 1901), made
public in 1907, and subsequentlygreatly revised and extended by a permanent
committee or "Academy."It combines systematically the advantages of previous
schemes with athoroughly logical word formation, and has neither accented
constantsnor arbitrarily coined pronominal words. For each idea that root
isselected which is already most international, on the principle of the"greatest
facility for the greatest number of people." The word "Ido"means in the language
itself "offspring." The official name is:"Linguo Internaciona di la Delegitaro
(Sistema Ido)." --I"dism (#),n. -- I"dist (#), n.
IDOCRASE,Same as Vesuvianite.
IDOLASTRE,An idolater. [Obs.] Chaucer.
IDOLATRESS,A female worshiper of idols.
IDOLATRICAL,Idolatrous. [Obs.]
IDOLATRIZE,To worship idols; to pay idolatrous worship.
IDOLATROUSLY,In a idolatrous manner.
IDOLISH,Idolatrous. [Obs.] Milton.
IDOLISM,The worship of idols. [Obs.]
IDOLIST,A worshiper of idols. [Obs.] Milton.
IDOLIZE,To practice idolatry. [R.]To idolize after the manner of Egypt. Fairbairn.
IDOLIZER,One who idolizes or loves to the point of reverence; anidolater.
IDOLOCLAST,A breaker of idols; an iconoclast.
IDOLOGRAPHICAL,Descriptive of idols. [R.] Southey.
IDOLOUS,Idolatrous. [Obs.] Bale.
IDONEOUS,Appropriate; suitable; proper; fit; adequate. [R.]An ecclesiastical
benefice . . . ought to be conferred on an idoneousperson. Ayliffe.
IDORGAN,A morphological unit, consisting of two or more plastids, whichdoes not
possess the positive character of the person or stock, indistinction from the
physiological organ or biorgan. See Morphon.
IDUMEAN,Of or pertaining to ancient Idumea, or Edom, in Western Asia.-- n.
IDYL,A short poem; properly, a short pastoral poem; as, the idyls ofTheocritus;
also, any poem, especially a narrative or descriptivepoem, written in an eleveted
and highly finished style; also, byextension, any artless and easily flowing
description, either inpoetry or prose, of simple, rustic life, of pastoral scenes,
and thelike. [Written also idyll.]Wordsworth's solemn-thoughted idyl. Mrs.
Browning.His [Goldsmith's] lovely idyl of the Vicar's home. F. Harrison.
IDYLLIC,Of or belonging to idyls.
IF,. In faith; indeed; truly. Shak.
IFERE,Together. [Obs.] Chaucer.
IGASURIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, nux vomica or St. Ignatius'sbean; as,
igasuric acid.
IGASURINE,An alkaloid found in nux vomica, and extracted as a whitecrystalline
substance.
IGLOO,A cavity, or excavation, made in the snow by a seal, over itsbreathing hole
in the ice.
IGNATIUS BEAN,See Saint Ignatius's bean, under Saint.
IGNEOUS,Resulting from, or produced by, the action of fire; as, lavasand basalt are
igneous rocks.
IGNESCENT,Emitting sparks of fire when struck with steel; scintillating;as,
ignescent stones.
IGNICOLIST,A worshiper of fire. [R.]
IGNIFEROUS,Producing fire. [R.] Blount.
IGNIFLUOUS,Flowing with fire. [Obs.] Cockerman.
IGNIFY,To form into fire. [R.] Stukeley.
IGNIGENOUS,Produced by the action of fire, as lava. [R.]
IGNIPOTENCE,Power over fire. [R.]
IGNIPOTENT,Presiding over fire; also, fiery.Vulcan is called the powerful
ignipotent. Pope.
IGNITE,To subject to the action of intense heat; to heat strongly; --often said of
incombustible or infusible substances; as, to igniteiron or platinum.
IGNITIBLE,Capable of being ignited.
IGNITOR,One who, or that which, produces ignition; especially, acontrivance for
igniting the powder in a torpedo or the like.[Written also igniter.]
IGNIVOMOUS,Vomiting fire. [R.]
IGNOBILITY,Ignobleness. [Obs.] Bale.
IGNOBLE,Not a true or noble falcon; -- said of certain hawks, as thegoshawk.
IGNOBLENESS,State or quality of being ignoble.
IGNOBLY,In an ignoble manner; basely.
IGNOMINIOUSLY,In an ignominious manner; disgracefully; shamefully;ingloriously.
IGNOMY,Ignominy. [R. & Obs.]I blush to think upon this ignomy. Shak.
IGNORAMUS,We are ignorant; we ignore; -- being the word formerly writtenon a bill
of indictment by a grand jury when there was not sufficientevidence to warrant them
in finding it a true bill. The phrase nowused is, "No bill," "No true bill," or
"Not found," though in somejurisdictions "Ignored" is still used. Wharton (Law
Dict. ). Burn.
IGNORANCE,A willful neglect or refusal to acquire knowledge which one mayacquire
and it is his duty to have. Book of Common Prayer. Invincibleignorance (Theol.),
ignorance beyond the individual's control and forwhich, therefore, he is not
responsible before God.
IGNORANT,A person untaught or uninformed; one unlettered or unskilled;an
ignoramous.Did I for this take pains to teach Our zealous ignorants to
preachDenham.
IGNORANTISM,The spirit of those who extol the advantage to ignorance;obscuriantism.
IGNORANTIST,One opposed to the diffusion of knowledge; an obscuriantist.
IGNORANTLY,In a ignorant manner; without knowledge; inadvertently.Whom therefoer ye
ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you. Actsxvii. 23.
IGNORE,To throw out or reject as false or ungrounded; -- said of abill rejected by
a grand jury for want of evidence. See Ignoramus.
IGNOSCIBLE,Pardonable. [Obs.] Bailey.
IGNOTE,Unknown. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.-- n.
IGUANA,Any species of the genus Iguana, a genus of large Americanlizards of the
family Iguanidæ. They are arboreal in their habits,usually green in color, and feed
chiefly upon fruits.
IGUANIAN,Resembling, or pertaining to, the iguana.
IGUANID,Same as Iguanoid.
IGUANODON,A genus of gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having a birdlikepelvis and
large hind legs with three-toed feet capable of supportingthe entire body. Its
teeth resemble those of the iguana, whence itsname. Several species are known,
mostly from the Wealden of Englandand Europe. See Illustration in Appendix.
IGUANODONT,Like or pertaining to the genus Iguanodon.
IGUANOID,Pertaining to the Iguanidæ.
IHLANG-IHLANG,A rich, powerful, perfume, obtained from the volatile oil ofthe
flowers of Canada odorata, an East Indian tree. [Also writtenylang-ylang.]
IHRAM,The peculiar dress worn by pilgrims to Mecca.
IHVH,A transliteration of the four constants forming the Hebrewtetragrammaton or
"incommunicable name" of the Supreme Being, whichin latter Jewish tradition is not
pronounced save with the vowels ofadonai or elohim, so that the true pronunciation
is lost.
IK,I [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
IL-,. A form of the prefix in-, not, and in-, among. See In-.
ILE,Ear of corn. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
ILEAC,Pertaining to the ileum. [Written also iliac.]
ILEOCAECAL,Pertaining to the ileum and cæcum.
ILEOCOLIC,Pertaining to the ileum and colon; as, the ileocolic, orileocæcal, valve,
a valve where the ileum opens into the largeintestine.
ILEUM,The last, and usually the longest, division of the smallintestine; the part
between the jejunum and large intestine. [Writtenalso ileon, and ilium.]
ILEUS,A morbid condition due to intestinal obstruction. It ischaracterized by
complete constipation, with griping pains in theabdomen, which is greatly
distended, and in the later stages byvomiting of fecal matter. Called also ileac,
or iliac, passion.
ILIAC,Pertaining to ancient Ilium, or Troy. Gladstone.
ILIACAL,Iliac. [R.]
ILIAD,A celebrated Greek epic poem, in twenty-four books, on thedestruction of
Ilium, the ancient Troy. The Iliad is ascribed toHomer.
ILIAL,Pertaining to the ilium; iliac.
ILICHE,Alike. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ILICIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the holly (Ilex), and alliedplants; as,
ilicic acid.
ILICIN,The bitter principle of the holly.
ILIO-,A combining form used in anatomy to denote connection with, orrelation to,
the ilium; as, ilio-femoral, ilio-lumbar, ilio-psoas,etc.
ILIOFEMORAL,Pertaining to the ilium and femur; as, iliofemoral ligaments.
ILIOLUMBAR,Pertaining to the iliac and lumbar regions; as, the iliolumbarartery.
ILIOPSOAS,The great flexor muscle of the hip joint, divisible into twoparts, the
iliac and great psoas, -- often regarded as distinctmuscles.
ILIUM,The dorsal one of the three principal bones comprising eitherlateral half of
the pelvis; the dorsal or upper part of the hip bone.See Innominate bone, under
Innominate. [Written also ilion, andileum.]
ILIXANTHIN,A yellow dye obtained from the leaves of the holly.
ILK,Same; each; every. [Archaic] Spenser. Of that ilk, denotingthat a person's
surname and the title of his estate are the same; as,Grant of that ilk, i.e., Grant
of Grant. Jamieson.
ILKE,Same. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ILL,In a ill manner; badly; weakly.How ill this taper burns! Shak.Ill fares the
land, to hastening ills a prey, Where wealthaccumulates and men decay. Goldsmith.
ILL-BODING,Boding evil; inauspicious; ill-omened. "Ill-boding stars."Shak.
ILL-BRED,Badly educated or brought up; impolite; incivil; rude. See Noteunder Ill,
adv.
ILL-FAVORED,Wanting beauty or attractiveness; deformed; ugly; ill-looking.Ill-
favored and lean-fleshed. Gen. xli. 3.-- Ill`-fa"vored*ly, adv.-- Ill`-
fa"vored*ness, n.
ILL-JUDGED,Not well judged; unwise.
ILL-LIVED,Leading a wicked life. [Obs.]
ILL-LOOKING,Having a bad look; threatening; ugly. See Note under Ill, adv.
ILL-MANNERED,Impolite; rude.
ILL-MINDED,Ill-disposed. Byron.
ILL-NURTURED,Ill-bred. Shak.
ILL-OMENED,Having unlucky omens; inauspicious. See Note under Ill, adv.
ILL-STARRED,Fated to be unfortunate; unlucky; as, an ill-starred man orday.
ILL-TIMED,Done, attempted, or said, at an unsuitable or unpropitioustime.
ILL-USED,Misapplied; treated badly.
ILL-WILL,. See under Ill, a.
ILL-WISHER,One who wishes ill to another; an enemy.
ILLABILE,Incapable of falling or erring; infalliable. [Obs.] --Il`la*bil"i*ty, n.
[Obs.]
ILLACERABLE,Not lacerable; incapable of being torn or rent. [Obs.]
ILLACRYMABLE,Incapable of weeping. [Obs.] Bailey.
ILLAPSABLE,Incapable of slipping, or of error. [R.]Morally immutable and
illapsable. Glanvill.
ILLAPSE,To fall or glide; to pass; -- usually followed by into. Cheyne.
ILLAQUEABLE,Capable of being insnared or entrapped. [R.] Cudworth.
ILLAQUEATE,To insnare; to entrap; to entangle; to catch.Let not the surpassing
eloquence of Taylor dazzle you, nor hisscholastic retairy versatility of logic
illaqueate your good sense.Coleridge.
ILLATION,The act or process of inferring from premises or reasons;perception of the
connection between ideas; that which is inferred;inference; deduction;
conclusion.Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent illations from a falseconception
of things. Sir T. Browne.
ILLATIVE,Relating to, dependent on, or denoting, illation; inferential;conclusive;
as, an illative consequence or proposition; an illativeword, as then, therefore,
etc. Illative conversion (Logic), aconverse or reverse statement of a proposition
which in that formmust be true because the original proposition is true.-- Illative
sense (Metaph.), the faculty of the mind by which itapprehends the conditions and
determines upon the correctness ofinferences.
ILLATIVELY,By inference; as an illative; in an illative manner.
ILLAUDABLE,Not laudable; not praise-worthy; worthy of censure ordisapprobation.
Milton.-- Il*laud"a*bly, adv. [Obs.] Broome.
ILLECEBRATION,Allurement. [R.] T. Brown.
ILLECEBROUS,Alluring; attractive; enticing. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
ILLEGAL,Not according to, or authorized by, law; specif., contrary to,or in
violation of, human law; unlawful; illicit; hence, immoral; as,an illegal act;
illegal trade; illegal love. Bp. Burnet.
ILLEGALITY,The quality or condition of being illegal; unlawfulness; as,the
illegality of trespass or of false imprisonment; also, an illegalact.
ILLEGALIZE,To make or declare illegal or unlawful.
ILLEGALLY,In a illegal manner; unlawfully.
ILLEGALNESS,Illegality, unlawfulness.
ILLEGIBILITY,The state or quality of being illegible.
ILLEGIBLE,Incapable of being read; not legible; as, illegiblehandwriting; an
illegible inscription.-- Il*leg"i*ble*ness, n.-- Il*leg"i*bly, adv.
ILLEGITIMACY,The state of being illegitimate. Blackstone.
ILLEGITIMATE,To render illegitimate; to declare or prove to be born out ofwedlock;
to bastardize; to illegitimatize.The marriage should only be dissolved for the
future, withoutillegitimating the issue. Bp. Burnet.
ILLEGITIMATELY,In a illegitimate manner; unlawfully.
ILLEGITIMATIZE,To render illegitimate; to bastardize.
ILLESIVE,Not injurious; harmless. [R.]
ILLEVIABLE,Not leviable; incapable of being imposed, or collected. [R.]Sir M. Hale.
ILLIBERALISM,Illiberality. [R.]
ILLIBERALITY,The state or quality of being illiberal; narrowness of mind;meanness;
niggardliness. Bacon.
ILLIBERALIZE,To make illiberal.
ILLIBERALLY,In a illiberal manner, ungenerously; uncharitably;parsimoniously.
ILLIBERALNESS,The state of being illiberal; illiberality.
ILLICIT,Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful; as, illicittrade; illicit
intercourse; illicit pleasure.One illicit . . . transaction always leads to
another. Burke.-- Il*lic"it*ly, adv.-- Il*lic"it*ness, n.
ILLICITOUS,Illicit. [R.] Cotgrave.
ILLICIUM,A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous trees, havingstar-shaped
fruit; star anise. The fruit of Illicium anisatum is usedas a spice in India, and
its oil is largely used in Europe forflavoring cordials, being almost identical
with true oil of anise.
ILLIGHTEN,To enlighten. [Obs.]
ILLIMITABLE,Incapable of being limited or bounded; immeasurable;
limitless;boundless; as, illimitable space.The wild, the irregular, the
illimitable, and the luxuriant, havetheir appropriate force of beauty. De Quincey.
ILLIMITATION,State of being illimitable; want of, or freedom from,limitation. Bp.
Hall.
ILLIMITED,Not limited; interminable. Bp. Hall.-- Il*lim"it*ed*ness, n.The
absoluteness and illimitedness of his commission was generallymuch spoken of.
Clarendon.
ILLINOIS,A tribe of North American Indians, which formerly occupied theregion
between the Wabash and Mississippi rivers.
ILLIQUATION,The melting or dissolving of one thing into another.
ILLISH,Somewhat ill. [Obs.] Howell.
ILLISION,The act of dashing or striking against. Sir T. Browne.
ILLITERAL,Not literal. [R.] B. Dawson.
ILLITERATE,Ignorant of letters or books; unlettered; uninstructed;uneducated; as,
an illiterate man, or people.
ILLITERATURE,Want of learning; illiteracy. [R.] Ayliffe. Southey.
ILLOCALITY,Want of locality or place. [R.] Cudworth.
ILLOGICAL,Ignorant or negligent of the rules of logic or correctreasoning; as, an
illogical disputant; contrary of the rules of logicor sound reasoning; as, an
illogical inference.-- Il*log"ic*al*ly, adv.-- Il*log"ic*al*ness, n.
ILLTREAT,To treat cruelly or improperly; to ill use; to maltreat.
ILLUDE,To play upon by artifice; to deceive; to mock; to excite anddisappoint the
hopes of.
ILLUME,To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; toilluminate; to
illumine. Shak.The mountain's brow, Illumed with fluid gold. Thomson.
ILLUMINABLE,Capable of being illuminated.
ILLUMINANT,That which illuminates or affords light; as, gas and petroleumare
illuminants. Boyle.
ILLUMINARY,Illuminative.
ILLUMINATE,To light up in token or rejoicing.
ILLUMINATI,Literally, those who are enlightened; -- variously applied asfollows: -
ILLUMINATING,Giving or producing light; used for illumination. Illuminatinggas. See
Gas, n., 2 (a).
ILLUMINATION,The special communication of knowledge to the mind by
God;inspiration.Hymns and psalms . . . are framed by meditation beforehand, or
byprophetical illumination are inspired. Hooker.
ILLUMINATISM,Illuminism. [R.]
ILLUMINATIVE,Tending to illuminate or illustrate; throwing light;illustrative.
"Illuminative reading." Carlyle.
ILLUMINE,To illuminate; to light up; to adorn.
ILLUMINEE,One of the Illuminati.
ILLUMINER,One who, or that which, illuminates.
ILLUMINISM,The principles of the Illuminati.
ILLUMINISTIC,Of or pertaining to illuminism, or the Illuminati.
ILLUMINIZE,To initiate the doctrines or principles of the Illuminati.
ILLUMINOUS,Bright; clear. [R.] H. Taylor.
ILLURE,To deceive; to entice; to lure. [Obs.]The devil insnareth the souls of many
men, by illuring them with themuck and dung of this world. Fuller.
ILLUSION,A sensation originated by some external object, but so modifiedas in any
way to lead to an erroneous perception; as when the rollingof a wagon is mistaken
for thunder.
ILLUSIONABLE,Liable to illusion.
ILLUSIONIST,One given to illusion; a visionary dreamer.
ILLUSIVE,Deceiving by false show; deceitful; deceptive; false;
illusory;unreal.Truth from illusive falsehood to command. Thomson.
ILLUSIVELY,In a illusive manner; falsely.
ILLUSIVENESS,The quality of being illusive; deceptiveness; false show.
ILLUSORY,Deceiving, or tending of deceive; fallacious; illusive; as,illusory
promises or hopes.
ILLUSTRABLE,Capable of illustration. Sir T. Browne.
ILLUSTRATE,Illustrated; distinguished; illustrious. [Obs.]This most gallant,
illustrate, and learned gentleman. Shak.
ILLUSTRATIVELY,By way of illustration or elucidation. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
ILLUSTRATOR,One who illustrates.
ILLUSTRATORY,Serving to illustrate.
ILLUSTRIOUSLY,In a illustrious manner; conspicuously; eminently; famously.Milton.
ILLUSTRIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being eminent; greatness; grandeur;glory;
fame.
ILLUSTROUS,Without luster. [Obs. & R.]
ILLUTATION,The act or operation of smearing the body with mud, especiallywith the
sediment from mineral springs; a mud bath.
ILLUXURIOUS,Not luxurious. [R.] Orrery.
ILLY,Etym: [A word not fully approved, but sometimes used for theadverb ill.]
ILMENITE,Titanic iron. See Menaccanite.
ILMENIUM,A supposed element claimed to have been discovered byR.Harmann.
ILVAITE,A silicate of iron and lime occurring in black prismaticcrystals and
columnar masses.
IM-,. A form of the prefix in- not, and in- in. See In-. Im- alsooccurs in
composition with some words not of Latin origin; as,imbank, imbitter.
IMAGE,A picture, example, or illustration, often taken from sensibleobjects, and
used to illustrate a subject; usually, an extendedmetaphor. Brande & C.
IMAGEABLE,That may be imaged. [R.]
IMAGELESS,Having no image. Shelley.
IMAGER,One who images or forms likenesses; a sculptor. [Obs.]Praxiteles was
ennobled for a rare imager. Holland.
IMAGINABILITY,Capacity for imagination. [R.] Coleridge.
IMAGINABLE,Capable of being imagined; conceivable.Men sunk into the greatest
darkness imaginable. Tillotson.-- Im*ag"i*na*ble*ness, n.-- Im*ag"i*na*bly, adv.
IMAGINAL,Of or pertaining to an imago. Imaginal disks (Zoöl.), masses ofhypodermic
cells, carried by the larvæ of some insects after leavingthe egg, from which masses
the wings and legs of the adult aresubsequently formed.
IMAGINANT,Imagining; conceiving. [Obs.] Bacon.-- n.
IMAGINARILY,In a imaginary manner; in imagination. B. Jonson.
IMAGINARINESS,The state or quality of being imaginary; unreality.
IMAGINARY,Existing only in imagination or fancy; not real; fancied;visionary;
ideal.Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer Imaginary ills and fanciedtortures
Addison.Imaginary calculus See under Calculus.-- Imaginary expression or quantity
(Alg.), an algebraic expressionwhich involves the impossible operation of taking
the square root ofa negative quantity; as, sq. root-9, a + b sq. root-1.--
Imaginary points, lines, surfaces, etc. (Geom.), points, lines,surfaces, etc.,
imagined to exist, although by reason of certainchanges of a figure they have in
fact ceased to have a realexistence.
IMAGINATE,Imaginative. [Obs.] Holland.
IMAGINATIONAL,Pertaining to, involving, or caused by, imagination.
IMAGINATIONALISM,Idealism. J. Grote.
IMAGINER,One who forms ideas or conceptions; one who contrives. Bacon.
IMAGINOUS,Imaginative. [R.] Chapman.
IMAGO,The final adult, and usually winged, state of an insect. SeeIllust. of Ant-
lion, and Army worm.
IMARET,A lodging house for Mohammedan pilgrims. Moore.
IMBALM,See Embalm.
IMBAN,To put under a ban. [R.] Barlow.
IMBAND,To form into a band or bands. "Imbanded nations." J. Barlow.
IMBANK,To inclose or defend with a bank or banks. See Embank.
IMBANKMENT,The act of surrounding with a bank; a bank or mound raised fordefense, a
roadway, etc.; an embankment. See Embankment.
IMBANNERED,Having banners.
IMBAR,To bar in; to secure. [Obs.]To imbar their crooked titles. Shak.
IMBARGO,See Embargo.
IMBARK,See Embark.
IMBARN,To store in a barn. [Obs.]
IMBASE,See Embase.
IMBASTARDIZE,To bastardize; to debase. [Obs.] Milton.
IMBATHE,To bathe; to wash freely; to immerce.And gave her to his daughters to
imbathe In nectared lavers strewedwith asphodel. Milton.
IMBAY,See Embay.
IMBECILE,Destitute of strength, whether of body or mind; feeble;impotent; esp.,
mentally wea; feeble-minded; as, hospitals for theimbecile and insane.
IMBECILITATE,To weaken, as to the body or the mind; to enfeeble. [R.] A.Wilson.
IMBECILITY,The quality of being imbecile; weakness; feebleness, esp. ofmind.Cruelty
. . . argues not only a depravedness of nature, but also ameanness of courage and
imbecility of mind. Sir W. Temple.
IMBED,To sink or lay, as in a bed; to deposit in a partly inclosingmass, as of clay
or mortar; to cover, as with earth, sand, etc.
IMBELLIC,Not warlike or martial. [Obs.] R. Junius.
IMBENCHING,A raised work like a bench. [Obs.] Parkhurst.
IMBER-GOOSE,The loon. See Ember-goose.
IMBEZZLE,See Embezzle.
IMBIBER,One who, or that which, imbibes.
IMBIBITION,The act or process of imbibing, or absorbing; as, the post-mortem
imbibition of poisons. Bacon.
IMBITTER,To make bitter; hence, to make distressing or more distressing;to make
sad, morose, sour, or malignant.Is there anything that more imbitters the enjoyment
of this life thanshame South.Imbittered against each other by former contests.
Bancroft.
IMBITTERER,One who, or that which, imbitters.
IMBITTERMENT,The act of imbittering; bitter feeling; embitterment.
IMBLAZE,See Emblaze.
IMBLAZON,See Emblazon.
IMBODY,To become corporeal; to assume the qualities of a materialbody. See
Embody.The soul grows clotted by contagion, Imbodies, and imbrutes. Milton.
IMBOIL,See Emboil.
IMBOLDEN,See Embolden.
IMBONITY,Want of goodness. [Obs.] Burton.
IMBORDER,To furnish or inclose with a border; to form a border of.Milton.
IMBOSK,To conceal, as in bushes; to hide. [Obs.] Shelton.
IMBOSS,See Emboss.
IMBOSTURE,Embossed or raised work. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
IMBOUND,To inclose in limits; to shut in. [Obs.] Shak.
IMBOW,To make like a bow; to curve; to arch; to vault; to embow."Imbowed windows."
Bacon.
IMBOWEL,See Embowel.
IMBOWER,See Embower.
IMBOWMENT,act of imbowing; an arch; a vault. Bacon.
IMBOX,To inclose in a box.
IMBRACERY,Embracery. [Obs.]
IMBRAID,See Embraid.
IMBRANGLE,To entangle as in a cobweb; to mix confusedly. [R.] Hudibras.Physiology
imbrangled with an inapplicable logic. Coleridge.
IMBREED,To generate within; to inbreed. [Obs.] Hakewill.
IMBRICATE,To lay in order, one lapping over another, so as to form animbricated
surface.
IMBRICATION,An overlapping of the edges, like that of tiles or shingles;hence,
intricacy of structure; also, a pattern or decorationrepresenting such a structure.
IMBRICATIVE,Imbricate.
IMBROCADO,Cloth of silver or of gold. [R.]
IMBROWN,To make brown; to obscure; to darken; to tan; as, featuresimbrowned by
exposure.The mountain mass by scorching skies imbrowned. Byron.
IMBRUE,To wet or moisten; to soak; to drench, especially in blood.While Darwen
stream, will blood of Scots imbrued. Milton.
IMBRUEMENT,The act of imbruing or state of being imbrued.
IMBRUTE,To degrade to the state of a brute; to make brutal.And mixed with bestial
slime, This essence to incarnate and imbrute.Milton.
IMBRUTEMENT,The act of imbruting, or the state of being imbruted. [R.]Brydges.
IMBUEMENT,The act of imbuing; the state of being imbued; hence, a deeptincture.
IMBURSE,To supply or stock with money. [Obs.]
IMBUTION,An imbuing. [Obs.]
IMESATIN,A dark yellow, crystalline substance, obtained by the action ofammonia on
isatin.
IMIDE,A compound with, or derivative of, the imido group; specif., acompound of one
or more acid radicals with the imido group, or with amonamine; hence, also, a
derivative of ammonia, in which two atoms ofhydrogen have been replaced by divalent
basic or acid radicals; --frequently used as a combining form; as, succinimide.
IMIDO,Pertaining to, containing, or combined with, the radical NH,which is called
the imido group. Imido acid, an organic acid,consisting of one or more acid
radicals so united with the imidogroup that it contains replaceable acid hydrogen,
and plays the partof an acid; as, uric acid, succinimide, etc., are imido acids.
IMITABILITY,The quality of being imitable. Norris.
IMITABLENESS,The state or quality of being imitable; worthness of imitation.
IMITANCY,Tendency to imitation. [R.] Carlyle.
IMITATE,To resemble (another species of animal, or a plant, orinanimate object) in
form, color, ornamentation, or instinctivehabits, so as to derive an advantage
thereby; sa, when a harmlesssnake imitates a venomous one in color and manner, or
when anodorless insect imitates, in color, one having secretion offensive tobirds.
IMITATION,One of the principal means of securing unity and consistency inpolyphonic
composition; the repetition of essentially the samemelodic theme, phrase, or
motive, on different degrees of pitch, byone or more of the other parts of voises.
Cf. Canon.
IMITATIONAL,Pertaining to, or employed in, imitation; as, imitationalpropensities.
IMITATIVE,Designed to imitate another species of animal, or a plant, orinanimate
object, for some useful purpose, such as protection fromenemies; having resamblance
to something else; as, imitative colors;imitative habits; dendritic and mammillary
forms of minerals areimitative.-- Im"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.-- Im"i*ta*tive*ness, n.
IMITATOR,One who imitates.
IMITATORSHIP,The state or office of an imitator. "Servile imitatorship."Marston.
IMITATRESS,A woman who is an imitator.
IMITATRIX,An imitatress.
IMMACULATE,Without stain or blemish; spotless; undefiled; clear; pure.Were but my
soul as pure From other guilt as that, Heaven did nothold One more immaculate.
Denham.Thou sheer, immaculate and silver fountain. Shak.Immaculate conception (R.
C. Ch.), the doctrine that the Virgin Marywas conceived without original sin.--
Im*mac"u*late*ly, adv.-- Im*mac"u*late*ness, n.
IMMAILED,Wearing mail or armor; clad of armor. W. Browne.
IMMALLEABLE,Not maleable.
IMMANACLE,To manacle; to fetter; hence; to confine; to restrain from
freeaction.Although this corporal rind Thou hast immanacled. Milton.
IMMANATION,A flowing or entering in; -- opposed to emanation. [R.] Good.
IMMANE,Very great; huge; vast; also, monstrous in character; inhuman;atrocious;
fierce. [Obs.] "So immane a man." Chapman.-- Im*mane"ly, adv. [Obs.]
IMMANENT,Remaining within; inherent; indwelling; abiding; intrinsic;internal or
subjective; hence, limited in activity, agency, oreffect, to the subject or
associated acts; -- opposed to emanant,transitory, transitive, or objective.A
cognition is an immanent act of mind. Sir W. Hamilton.An immanent power in the life
of the world. Hare.
IMMANIFEST,Not manifest. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
IMMANITY,The state or quality of being immane; barbarity. [R.] Shak.
IMMANTLE,See Emmantle. [R.]
IMMANUEL,God with us; -- an appellation of the Christ. Is. vii. 14.Matt. i. 23.
IMMARCESCIBLE,Unfading; lasting. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
IMMARCESCIBLY,Unfadingly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
IMMARGINATE,Not having a distinctive margin or border. Grey.
IMMARTIAL,Not martial; unwarlike. [Obs.]
IMMASK,To cover, as with a mask; to disguise or conceal. [R.] Shak.
IMMATCHABLE,Matchless; peerless. [Obs.] Holland.
IMMATERIALISM,The doctrine that external bodies may be reduced to mind andideas in
a mind; any doctrine opposed to materialism orphenomenalism, esp. a system that
maintains the immateriality of thesoul; idealism; esp., Bishop Berkeley's theory of
idealism.
IMMATERIALIST,One who believes in or professes, immaterialism.
IMMATERIALITY,The state or quality of being immaterial or incorporeal; as,the
immateriality of the soul.
IMMATERIALIZE,To render immaterial or incorporeal.Immateralized spirits. Glanvill.
IMMATERIALNESS,The state or quality of being immaterial; immateriality.
IMMATERIATE,Immaterial. [Obs.] Bacon.
IMMATURED,Immature.
IMMATURELY,In an immature manner. Warburion.
IMMATURENESS,The state or quality of being immature; immaturity. Boyle.
IMMATURITY,The state or quality of being immature or not fully
developed;unripeness; incompleteness.When the world has outgrown its intellectual
immaturity. Caird.
IMMEABILITY,Want of power to pass, or to permit passage; impassableness.Immeability
of the juices. Arbuthnot.
IMMEASURABILITY,The quality of being immeasurable; immensurability.
IMMEASURABLE,Incapble of being measured; indefinitely extensive;illimitable;
immensurable; vast.Of depth immeasurable. Milton.
IMMEASURABLENESS,The state or quality of being immeasurable.Eternity and
immeasurableness belong to thought alone. F. W.Robertson.
IMMEASURABLY,In an immeasurable manner or degree. "Immeasurably
distant."Wordsworth.
IMMEASURED,Immeasurable. [R.] Spenser.
IMMECHANICAL,Not mechanical. [Obs.] Cheyne.-- Im"me*chan"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
IMMEDIACY,The relation of freedom from the interventionof a medium;immediateness.
Shak.
IMMEDIATENESS,The quality or relations of being immediate in manner, place,or time;
exemption from second or interventing causes. Bp. Hall.
IMMEDIATISM,Immediateness.
IMMEDICABLE,Not to be healed; incurable. "Wounds immedicable." Milton.
IMMELODIOUS,Not melodious.
IMMEMORABLE,Not memorable; not worth remembering. Johnson.
IMMEMORIAL,Extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition;indefinitely
ancient; as, existing from time immemorial. "Immemorialelms." Tennyson. "Immemorial
usage or custom." Sir M. Hale. Timeimmemorial (Eng. Law.), a time antedating
(legal) history, and beyond"legal memory" so called; formerly an indefinite time,
but in 1276this time was fixed by statute as the begining of the reign ofRichard I.
(1189). Proof of unbroken possession or use of any rightsince that date made it
unnecessary to establish the original grant.In 1832 the plan of dating legal memory
from a fixed time wasabandoned and the principle substituted that rights which had
beenenjoyed for full twenty years (or as against the crown thirty years)should not
be liable to impeachment merely by proving that they hadnot been enjoyed before.
IMMEMORIALLY,Beyond memory. Bentley.
IMMENSE,Immeasurable; unlimited. In commonest use: Very great; vast;huge. "Immense
the power" Pope. "Immense and boundless ocean."Daniel.O Goodness infinite! Goodness
immense! Milton.
IMMENSELY,In immense manner or degree.
IMMENSENESS,The state of being immense.
IMMENSIBLE,Immeasurable. [Obs.] Davies.
IMMENSITY,The state or quality of being immense; inlimited orimmeasurable
extension; infinity; vastness in extent or bulk;greatness.Lost in the wilds of vast
immensity. Blackmore.The immensity of the material system. I. Taylor.
IMMENSIVE,Huge. [Obs.] Herrick.
IMMENSURABILITY,The quality of being immensurable.
IMMENSURABLE,Immeasurable.What an immensurable space is the firmament. Derham.
IMMENSURATE,Unmeasured; unlimited. [R.] W. Montagu.
IMMERGE,To plungel into, under, or within anything especially a fuid;to dip; to
immerse. See Immerse.We took . . . lukewarm water, and in it immerged a quantity of
theleaves of senna. Boyle.Their souls are immerged in matter. Jer. Taylor.
IMMERIT,Want of worth; demerit. [R.] Suckling.
IMMERITED,Unmerited. [Obs.] Charles I.
IMMERITOUS,Undeserving. [Obs.] Milton.
IMMERSABLE,See Immersible.
IMMERSE,Immersed; buried; hid; sunk. [Obs.] "Things immerse in matter."Bacon.
IMMERSED,Growing wholly under water. Gray.
IMMERSIBLE,Capable of being immersed.
IMMERSION,The dissapearance of a celestail body, by passing either behindanother,
as in the occultation of a star, or into its shadow, as inthe eclipse of a
satellite; -- opposed to emersion. Immersion lens, amicroscopic objective of short
focal distance designed to work with adrop of liquid, as oil, between the front
lens and the slide, so thatthis lens is practically immersed.
IMMERSIONIST,One who holds the doctrine that immersion is essential toChristian
baptism.
IMMESH,To catch or entangle in, or as in, the meshes of a net. or in aweb; to
insnare.
IMMETHODICAL,Not methodical; without method or systematic arrangement;without order
or regularity; confused. Addison.
IMMETHODICALLY,Without method; confusedly; unsystematically.
IMMETHODICALNESS,Want of method.
IMMETHODIZE,To render immethodical; to destroy the method of; to confuse.[R.]
IMMETRICAL,Not metrical or rhythmical. [R.] Chapman.
IMMEW,See Emmew.
IMMIGRANT,One who immigrates; one who comes to a country for the purposeof
permanent residence; -- correlative of emigrant.
IMMIGRATE,To come into a country of which one is not a native, for thepurpose of
permanent residence. See Emigrate.
IMMIGRATION,The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a countryfor the
purpose of permanent residence.The immigrations of the Arabians into Europe. T.
Warton.
IMMINENTLY,In an imminent manner.
IMMINGLE,To mingle; to mix; to unite; to blend. [R.] Thomson.
IMMINUTION,A lessening; diminution; decrease. [R.] Ray.
IMMISCIBILITY,Incapability of being mixed, or mingled.
IMMISCIBLE,Not capable of being mixed or mingled.A chaos of immiscible and
conflicting particles. Cudworth.
IMMISSION,The act of immitting, or of sending or thrusting in; injection;-- the
correlative of emission.
IMMIT,To send in; to inject; to infuse; -- the correlative of emit.[R.] Boyle.
IMMITIGABLE,Not capable of being mitigated, softened, or appeased.Coleridge.
IMMITIGABLY,In an immitigable manner.
IMMIX,To mix; to mingle. [R.]Amongst her tears immixing prayers meek. Spenser.
IMMIXABLE,Not mixable. Bp. Wilkins.
IMMIXED,Unmixed. [Obs.]How pure and immixed the design is. Boyle.
IMMIXTURE,Freedom from mixture; purity. [R.] W. Montagu.
IMMOBILE,Incapable of being moved; immovable; fixed; stable. Prof.Shedd.
IMMOBILITY,The condition or quality of being immobile; fixedness in placeor state.
IMMOBILIZE,To make immovable; in surgery, to make immovable (a naturallymobile
part, as a joint) by the use of splints, or stiffenedbandages.
IMMOBLE,See Immobile.
IMMODERACY,Immoderateness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
IMMODERANCY,Immoderateness; excess. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
IMMODERATE,Not moderate; exceeding just or usual and suitable bounds;excessive;
extravagant; unreasonable; as, immoderate demands;immoderate grief; immoderate
laughter.So every scope by the immoderate use Turns to restraint. Shak.
IMMODERATELY,In an immoderate manner; excessively.
IMMODERATENESS,The quality of being immoderate; excess; extravagance. Puller.
IMMODERATION,Want of moderation. Hallywell.
IMMODESTLY,In an immodest manner.
IMMODESTY,Want of modesty, delicacy, or decent reserve; indecency. "Apiece of
immodesty." Pope.
IMMOLATE,To sacrifice; to offer in sacrifice; to kill, as a
sacrificialvictim.Worshipers, who not only immolate to them [the deities] the lives
ofmen, but . . . the virtue and honor of women. Boyle.
IMMOLATOR,One who offers in sacrifice; specifically, one of a sect ofRussian
fanatics who practice self-mutilatio and sacrifice.
IMMOMENT,Trifling. [R.] "Immoment toys." Shak.
IMMOMENTOUS,Not momentous; unimportant; insignificant. [R.] A. Seward.
IMMORAL,Not moral; inconsistent with rectitude, purity, or good morals;contrary to
conscience or the divine law; wicked; unjust; dishonest;vicious; licentious; as, an
immoral man; an immoral deed.
IMMORALLY,In an immoral manner; wickedly.
IMMORIGEROUS,Rude; uncivil; disobedient. [Obs.] -- Im`mo*rig"er*ous*ness, n.[Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
IMMORTAL,One who will never cease to be; one exempt from death, decay,or
annihilation. Bunyan.
IMMORTALIST,One who holds the doctrine of the immortality of the soul. [R.]Jer.
Taylor.
IMMORTALIZATION,The act of immortalizing, or state of being immortalized.
IMMORTALIZE,To become immortal. [R.]
IMMORTALLY,In an immortal manner.
IMMORTELLE,A plant with a conspicuous, dry, unwithering involucre, as thespecies of
Antennaria, Helichrysum, Gomphrena, etc. See Everlasting.
IMMORTIFICATION,Failure to mortify the passions. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
IMMOVABILITY,The quality or state of being immovable; fixedness;steadfastness; as,
immovability of a heavy body; immovability ofpurpose.
IMMOVABLE,Not liable to be removed; permanent in place or tenure; fixed;as, an
immovable estate. See Immovable, n. Blackstone. Immovableapparatus (Med.), an
appliance, like the plaster of paris bandage,which keeps fractured parts firmly in
place.-- Immovable feasts (Eccl.), feasts which occur on a certain day ofthe year
and do not depend on the date of Easter; as, Christmas, theEpiphany, etc.
IMMOVABLENESS,Quality of being immovable.
IMMOVABLY,In an immovable manner.
IMMUND,Unclean. [R.] Burton.
IMMUNDICITY,Uncleanness; filthness. [R.] W. Montagu.
IMMUNE,Exempt; protected by inoculation.-- Im*mu"nize, v. t.
IMMURE,A wall; an inclosure. [Obs.] Shak.
IMMUREMENT,The act iif immuring, or the state of being immured;imprsonment.
IMMUSICAL,Inharmonious; unmusical; discordant. Bacon.
IMMUTABILITY,The state or quality of being immutable; immutableness. Heb.vi. 17.
IMMUTABLE,Not mutable; not capable or susceptible of change;unchangeable;
unalterable.That by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God tolie,
we might have a strong consolation. Heb. vi. 18.Immutable, immortal, infinite,
Eternal King. Milton.-- Im*mu"ta*ble*ness, n.-- Im*mu"ta*bly, adv.
IMMUTATE,Unchanged. [Obs.]
IMMUTATION,Change; alteration; mutation. [R.] Dr. H. More.
IMMUTE,To change or alter. [Obs.] J. Salkeld.
IMP,To graft with new feathers, as a wing; to splice a brokenfeather. Hence, Fig.:
To repair; to extend; to increase; tostrengthen to equip. [Archaic]Imp out our
drooping country's broken wing. Shak.Who lazily imp their wings with other men's
plumes. Fuller. Here nofrail Muse shall imp her crippled wing. Holmes.Help, ye tart
satirists, to imp my rage With all the scorpions thatshould whip this age.
Cleveland.
IMP-POLE,A pole for supporting a scaffold.
IMPACABLE,Not to be appeased or quieted. [Obs.] Spenser.-- Im*pa"ca*bly, adv.
IMPACKMENT,The state of being closely surrounded, crowded, or pressed, asby ice.
[R.] Kane.
IMPACT,To drive close; to press firmly together: to wedge into aplace. Woodward.
IMPACTED,Driven together or close. Impacted fracture (Surg.), a fracturein which
the fragments are driven into each other so as to beimmovable.
IMPACTION,The driving of one fragment of bone into another so that thefragments are
not movable upon each other; as, impaction of the skullor of the hip.
IMPAINT,To paint; to adorn with colors. [R.] "To impaint his cause."Shak.
IMPAIR,To make worse; to diminish in quantity, value, excellence, orstrength; to
deteriorate; as, to impair health, character, the mind,value.Time sensibly all
things impairs. Roscommon.In years he seemed, but not impaired by years. Pope.
IMPAIRER,One who, or that which, impairs.
IMPAIRMENT,The state of being impaired; injury. "The impairment of myhealth."
Dryden.
IMPALATABLE,Unpalatable. [R.]
IMPALE,To join, as two coats of arms on one shield, palewise; hence,to join in
honorable mention.Ordered the admission of St. Patrick to the same to be matched
andimpaled with the blessed Virgin in the honor thereof. Fuller.
IMPALEMENT,The division of a shield palewise, or by a vertical line, esp.for the
purpose of putting side by side the arms of husband and wife.See Impale, 3.
IMPALLA,The pallah deer of South Africa.
IMPALLID,To make pallid; to blanch. [Obs.] Feltham.
IMPALM,To grasp with or hold in the hand. [R.] J. Barlow.
IMPALPABILITY,The quality of being impalpable. Jortin.
IMPALPABLY,In an impalpable manner.
IMPALSY,To palsy; to paralyze; to deaden. [R.]
IMPANATE,Embodied in bread, esp. in the bread of the eucharist. [Obs.]Cranmer.
IMPANATION,Embodiment in bread; the supposed real presence and union ofChrist's
material body and blood with the substance of the elementsof the eucharist without
a change in their nature; -- distinguishedfrom transubstantiation, which supposes a
miraculous change of thesubstance of the elements. It is akin to consubstantiation.
IMPANATOR,One who holds the doctrine of impanation.
IMPANEL,To enter in a list, or on a piece of parchment, called a panel;to form or
enroll, as a list of jurors in a court of justice.Blackstone.
IMPANELMENT,The act or process of impaneling, or the state of beingimpaneled.
IMPARADISE,To put in a state like paradise; to make supremely happy."Imparadised in
one another's arms." Milton.
IMPARALLELED,Unparalleled. [Obs.]
IMPARDONABLE,Unpardonable. [Obs.] South.
IMPARIDIGITATE,Having an odd number of fingers or toes, either one, three, orfive,
as in the horse, tapir, rhinoceros, etc.
IMPARIPINNATE,Pinnate with a single terminal leaflet.
IMPARISYLLABIC,Not consisting of an equal number of syllables; as, animparisyllabic
noun, one which has not the same number of syllablesin all the cases; as, lapis,
lapidis; mens, mentis.
IMPARK,To inclose for a park; to sever from a common; hence, toinclose or shut
up.They . . . impark them [the sheep] within hurdles. Holland.
IMPARL,To have time before pleading; to have delay for mutualadjustment.
Blackstone.
IMPARSONEE,Presented, instituted, and inducted into a rectory, and in
fullpossession.-- n.
IMPARTANCE,Impartation.
IMPARTATION,The act of imparting, or the thing imparted.The necessity of this
impartation. I. Taylor.
IMPARTER,One who imparts.
IMPARTIAL,Not partial; not favoring one more than another; treating allalike;
unprejudiced; unbiased; disinterested; equitable; fair; just.Shak.Jove is
impartial, and to both the same. Dryden.A comprehensive and impartial view.
Macaulay.
IMPARTIALIST,One who is impartial. [R.] Boyle.
IMPARTIALITY,The quality of being impartial; freedom from bias orfavoritism;
disinterestedness; equitableness; fairness; as,impartiality of judgment, of
treatment, etc.Impartiality strips the mind of prejudice and passion. South.
IMPARTIALLY,In an impartial manner.
IMPARTIALNESS,Impartiality. Sir W. Temple.
IMPARTIBILITY,The quality of being impartible; communicability. Blackstone.
IMPARTIBLE,Capable of being imparted or communicated.
IMPARTMENT,The act of imparting, or that which is imparted, communicated,or
disclosed. [R.]It beckons you to go away with it, As if it some impartment
diddesire To you alone. Shak.
IMPASSABLE,Incapable of being passed; not admitting a passage; as, animpassable
road, mountain, or gulf. Milton.-- Im*pass"a*ble*ness, n.-- Im*pass"a*bly, adv.
IMPASSE,An impassable road or way; a blind alley; cul-de-sac; fig., aposition or
predicament affording no escape.
IMPASSIBILITY,The quality or condition of being impassible; insusceptibilityof
injury from external things.
IMPASSIBLE,Incapable of suffering; inaccessible to harm or pain; not to betouched
or moved to passion or sympathy; unfeeling, or not showingfeeling; without
sensation. "Impassible to the critic." Sir W. Scott.Secure of death, I should
contemn thy dart Though naked, andimpassible depart. Dryden.
IMPASSIBLENESS,Impassibility.
IMPASSION,To move or affect strongly with passion. [Archaic] Chapman.
IMPASSIONABLE,Excitable; susceptible of strong emotion.
IMPASSIONATE,Strongly affected. Smart.
IMPASSIONED,Actuated or characterized by passion or zeal; showing warmth offeeling;
ardent; animated; excited; as, an impassioned orator ordiscourse.
IMPASSIVE,Not susceptible of pain or suffering; apathetic;
impassible;unmoved.Impassive as the marble in the quarry. De Quincey.On the
impassive ice the lightings play. Pope.-- Im*pas"sive*ly, adv.-- Im*pas"sive*ness,
n.
IMPASSIVITY,The quality of being insusceptible of feeling, pain, orsuffering;
impassiveness.
IMPASTATION,The act of making into paste; that which is formed into a pasteor
mixture; specifically, a combination of different substances bymeans of cements.
IMPASTE,To lay color on canvas by uniting them skillfully together.[R.] Cf.
Impasto.
IMPASTING,The laying on of colors to produce impasto.
IMPASTO,The thickness of the layer or body of pigment applied by thepainter to his
canvas with especial reference to the juxtaposition ofdifferent colors and tints in
forming a harmonious whole. Fairholt.
IMPASTURE,To place in a pasture; to foster. [R.] T. Adams.
IMPATIENCE,The quality of being impatient; want of endurance of pain,suffering,
opposition, or delay; eagerness for change, or forsomething expected; restlessness;
chafing of spirit; fretfulness;passion; as, the impatience of a child or an
invalid.I then, . . . Out of my grief and my impatience, Answeredneglectingly.
Shak.With huge impatience he inly swelt More for great sorrow that hecould not
pass, Than for the burning torment which he felt. Spenser.
IMPATIENCY,Impatience. [Obs.]
IMPATIENS,A genus of plants, several species of which have very beautifulflowers;
-- so called because the elastic capsules burst whentouched, and scatter the seeds
with considerable force. Called alsotouch-me-not, jewelweed, and snapweed. I.
Balsamina (sometimes calledlady's slipper) is the common garden balsam.
IMPATIENT,One who is impatient. [R.]
IMPATIENTLY,In an impatient manner.
IMPATRONIZATION,Absolute seignory or possession; the act of investing with
suchpossession. [R.] Cotgrave.
IMPATRONIZE,To make lord or master; as, to impatronize one's self of aseigniory.
[R.] Bacon.
IMPAVE,To pave. [Poetic]Impaved with rude fidelity Of art mosaic. Wordsworth.
IMPAVID,Fearless.-- Im*pav"id*ly, adv.
IMPAWN,To put in pawn; to pledge. Shak.
IMPEACH,To challenge or discredit the credibility of, as of a witness,or the
validity of, as of commercial paper.
IMPEACHABLE,That may be impeached; liable to impeachment; chargeable with
acrime.Owners of lands in fee simple are not impeachable for waste. Z.Swift.
IMPEACHER,One who impeaches.
IMPEACHMENT,The act of impeaching, or the state of being impeached; as:(a)
Hindrance; impediment; obstruction. [Obs.]Willing to march on to Calais, Without
impeachment. Shak.
IMPECCABILITY,the quality of being impeccable; exemption from sin, error,
oroffense.Infallibility and impeccability are two of his attributes. Pope.
IMPECCABLE,Not liable to sin; exempt from the possibility of doing wrong.-- n.
IMPECCANCY,Sinlessness. Bp. Hall.
IMPECCANT,Sinless; impeccable. Byron.
IMPECUNIOSITY,The state of being impecunious. Thackeray. Sir W. Scott.
IMPECUNIOUS,Not having money; habitually without money; poor.An impecunious
creature. B. Jonson.
IMPEDANCE,The apparent resistance in an electric circuit to the flow ofan
alternating current, analogous to the actual electrical resistanceto a direct
current, being the ratio of electromotive force to thecurrent. It is equal to R2 +
X2, where R = ohmic resistance, X =reactance. For an inductive circuit, X = 2pfL,
where f = frequencyand L = self-inductance; for a circuit with capacity X = 1 ÷
2pfC,where C = capacity.
IMPEDE,To hinder; to stop in progress; to obstruct; as, to impede theadvance of
troops.Whatever hinders or impedes The action of the nobler will. Logfellow.
IMPEDIBLE,Capable of being impeded or hindered. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
IMPEDIMENT,That which impedes or hinders progress, motion, activity, oreffect.Thus
far into the bowels of the land Have we marched on withoutimpediment.
Shak.Impediment in speech, a defect which prevents distinct utterance.
IMPEDIMENTA,Things which impede or hinder progress; incumbrances; baggage;specif.
(Mil.),
IMPEDIMENTAL,Of the nature of an impediment; hindering;
obstructing;impeditive.Things so impediental to success. G. H. Lewes.
IMPEDITE,Hindered; obstructed. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
IMPEDITION,A hindering; a hindrance. [Obs.] Baxier.
IMPEDITIVE,Causing hindrance; impeding. "Cumbersome, and impeditive ofmotion." Bp.
Hall.
IMPEL,To drive or urge forward or on; to press on; to incite toaction or motion in
any way.The surge impelled me on a craggy coast. Pope.
IMPELLENT,Having the quality of impelling.
IMPELLER,One who, or that which, impels.
IMPEN,To shut up or inclose, as in a pen. Feltham.
IMPEND,To pay. [Obs.] Fabyan.
IMPENDENT,Impending; threatening.Impendent horrors, threatening hideous fall.
Milton.
IMPENDING,Hanging over; overhanging; suspended so as to menace;
imminet;threatening.An impending brow. Hawthorne.And nodding Ilion waits th'
impending fall. Pope.
IMPENETRABILITY,That property in virtue of which two portions of matter can notat
the same time occupy the same portion of space.
IMPENETRABLE,Having the property of preventing any other substance fromoccupying
the same space at the same time.
IMPENETRABLENESS,The quality of being impenetrable; impenetrability.
IMPENETRABLY,In an impenetrable manner or state; imperviously. "Impenetrablyarmed."
Milton. "Impenetrably dull." Pope.
IMPENITENCE,The condition of being impenitent; failure or refusal torepent;
hardness of heart.He will advance from one degree of wickedness and impenitence
toanother. Rogers.
IMPENITENCY,Impenitence. Milton.
IMPENITENT,Not penitent; not repenting of sin; not contrite; of a hardheart.
"They . . . died impenitent." Milton. "A careless andimpenitent heart." Bp. Hall.
IMPENITENTLY,Without repentance.
IMPENNATE,Characterized by short wings covered with feathers resemblingscales, as
the penguins.-- n.
IMPENNES,An order of birds, including only the penguins, in which thewings are
without quills, and not suited for flight.
IMPENNOUS,Having no wings, as some insects.
IMPEOPLE,To people; to give a population to. [Obs.]Thou hast helped to impeople
hell. Beaumont.
IMPERANT,Commanding. [R.] Baxter.
IMPERATE,Done by express direction; not involuntary; communded. [Obs.]Those
imperate acts, wherein we see the empire of the soul. Sir M.Hale.
IMPERATIVAL,Of or pertaining to the imperative mood.
IMPERATIVE,Expressive of commund, entreaty, advice, or exhortation; as,the
imperative mood.
IMPERATIVELY,In an imperative manner.
IMPERATOR,A commander; a leader; an emperor; -- originally an appellationof honor
by which Roman soldiers saluted their general after animportant victory.
Subsequently the title was conferred as arecognition of great military achievements
by the senate, whence itcarried wiht it some special privileges. After the downfall
of theRepublic it was assumed by Augustus and his successors, and came tohave the
meaning now attached to the word emperor.
IMPERATORIAN,Imperial. [R.] Gauden.
IMPERATORY,Imperative. [R.]
IMPERCEIVABLE,Imperceptible. [R.] South.-- Im`per*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n. Sharp.
IMPERCEIVED,Not perceived. [Obs.]
IMPERCEPTIBILITY,The state or quality of being imperceptible.
IMPERCEPTIBLE,Not perceptible; not to be apprehended or cognized by thesouses; not
discernible by the mind; not easily apprehended.Almost imperceptible to the touch.
Dryden.Its operation is slow, and in some cases almost imperceptible. Burke.--
Im`per*cep"ti*ble*ness, n.-- Im`per*cep"ti*bly, adv.Their . . . subility and
imperceptibleness. Sir M. Hale.
IMPERCEPTION,Want of perception.
IMPERCEPTIVE,Unable to perceive.The imperceptive part of the soul. Dr. H. More.
IMPERCIPIENT,Not perceiving, or not able to perceive. A. Baxter.
IMPERDIBILITY,The state or quality of being imperdible. [Obs.] Derham.
IMPERDIBLE,Not destructible. [Obs.] -- Im*per"di*bly, adv. [Obs.]
IMPERFECT,The imperfect tense; or the form of a verb denoting theimperfect tense.
IMPERFECTIBILITY,The state or quality of being imperfectible. [R.]
IMPERFECTIBLE,Incapable of being mad perfect. [R.]
IMPERFECTION,The quality or condition of being imperfect; want ofperfection;
incompleteness; deficiency; fault or blemish.Sent to my account With all my
imperfections on my head. Shak.
IMPERFECTNESS,The state of being imperfect.
IMPERFORABLE,Incapable of being perforated, or bored through.
IMPERFORATA,A division of Foraminifera, including those in which the shellis not
porous.
IMPERFORATION,The state of being without perforation.
IMPERIALISM,The power or character of an emperor; imperial authority; thespirit of
empire.Roman imperialism had divided the world. C. H. Pearson.
IMPERIALIST,One who serves an emperor; one who favors imperialism.
IMPERIALIZE,To invest with imperial authority, character, or style; tobring to the
form of an empire. Fuller.
IMPERIALLY,In an imperial manner.
IMPERIL,To bring into peril; to endanger.
IMPERILMENT,The act of imperiling, or the state of being imperiled.
IMPERIOUSLY,In an imperious manner.
IMPERIOUSNESS,The quality or state of being imperious;
arrogance;haughtiness.Imperiousness and severity is but an ill way of treating men
who havereason of their own to guide them. Locke.
IMPERISHABILITY,The quality of being imperishable: indstructibility.
"Theimperishability of the universe." Milman.
IMPERISHABLE,Not perisha ble; not subject to decay;
indestructible;enduringpermanently; as, an imperishable monument;
imperishablerenown.-- Im*per"ish*a*ble*ness, n.-- Im*per"ish*a*bly, adv.
IMPERIWIGGED,Wearing a periwig.
IMPERMANENT,Not permanent.
IMPERMEABILITY,The quality of being impermeable.
IMPERMEABLE,Not permeable; not permitting passage, as of a fluid. throughits
substance; impervious; impenetrable; as, India rubber isimpermeable to water and to
air.-- Im*per"me*a*ble*ness, n.-- Im*per"me*a*bly, adv.
IMPERMISSIBLE,Not permissible.
IMPERSCRUTABLE,Not capable of being searched out; inscrutable. [Obs.]
--Im`per*scru"ta*ble*ness, n. [Obs.]
IMPERSEVERANT,Not persevering; fickle; thoughtless. [Obs.]
IMPERSONAL,Not personal; not representing a person; not havingpersonality.An
almighty but impersonal power, called Fate. Sir J. Stephen.Impersonal verb (Gram.),
a verb used with an indeterminate subject,commonly, in English, with the impersonal
pronoun it; as, it rains;it snows; methinks (it seems to me). Many verbs which are
notstrictly impersonal are often used impersonally; as, it goes wellwith him.
IMPERSONALITY,The quality of being impersonal; want or absence ofpersonality.
IMPERSONALLY,In an impersonal manner.
IMPERSONATE,The act of impersonating; personification; investment withpersonality;
representation in a personal form.
IMPERSONATOR,One who impersonates; an actor; a mimic.
IMPERSPICUITY,Want of perspicuity or clearness; vaguness; ambiguity.
IMPERSPICUOUS,Not perspicuous; not clear; obscure; vague; ambeguous.
IMPERSUADABLE,Not to be persuaded; obstinate; unyielding; impersuasible.--
Im`per*suad"a*ble*ness, n.
IMPERSUASIBLE,Not persuasible; not to be moved by persuasion;
inflexible;impersuadable. Dr. H. More.-- Im`per*sua`si*bil"i*ty, n.
IMPERTINENCY,Impertinence. [R.]O, matter and impertinency mixed! Reason in madness!
Shak.
IMPERTINENT,An impertinent person. [R.]
IMPERTINENTLY,In an impertinent manner. "Not to betray myself impertinently."B.
Jonson.
IMPERTRANSIBILITY,The quality or state of being impertransible. [R.]
IMPERTRANSIBLE,Incapable of being passed through. [R.]
IMPERTURBABILITY,The state or quality of being imperturbable.[1913 Webster]
IMPERTURBABLE,Incapable of being disturbed or disconcerted; as,
imperturbablegravity.
IMPERTURBABLY,In an imperturbable manner; calmly. C. Bronté.
IMPERTURBATION,Freedom from agitation of mind; calmness; quietude. W. Montagu.
IMPERTURBED,Not perturbed.
IMPERVIABILITY,The quality of being imperviable.
IMPERVIABLE,Not pervious; impervious. [R.] -- Im*per"vi*a*ble*ness, n. [R.]
IMPERVIOUS,Not pervious; not admitting of entrance or passage through; as,a
substance impervious to water or air.This gulf impassable, impervious. Milton.The
minds of these zealots were absolutely impervious. Macaulay.
IMPERY,Empery. [Archaic] Joye.
IMPEST,To affict with pestilence; to infect, as with plague. [Obs.]
IMPESTER,See Pester. [Obs.]
IMPETIGINOUS,Of the nature of, or pertaining to, impetigo.
IMPETIGO,A cutaneous, pustular eruption, not attended with fever;usually, a kind of
eczema with pustulation.
IMPETRABLE,Capable of being obtained or moved by petition. [Obs.] Bailey.
IMPETRATE,Obtained by entreaty. [Obs.] Ld. Herbert.
IMPETRATION,The obtaining of benefice from Rome by solicitation, whichbenefice
belonged to the disposal of the king or other lay patron ofthe realm.
IMPETRATIVE,Of the nature of impetration; getting, or tending to get, byentreaty.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
IMPETRATORY,Containing or expressing entreaty. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
IMPETUS,The aititude through which a heavy body must fall to acquire avelocity
equal to that with which a ball is discharged from a piece.
IMPEYAN PHEASANT,An Indian crested pheasant of the genus Lophophorus.
Severalspecies are known. Called also monaul, monal.
IMPHEE,The African sugar cane (Holcus saccharatus), -- resembling thesorghum, or
Chinese sugar cane.
IMPI,A body of Kaffir warriors; a body of native armed men. [SouthAfrica]
IMPICTURED,Pictured; impressed. [Obs.] Spenser.
IMPIERCE,To pierce; to penetrate. [Obs.] Drayton.
IMPIERCEABLE,Not capable of being pierced; impenetrable. [Obs.] Spenser.
IMPIGNORATE,To pledge or pawn. [Obs.] Laing.
IMPIGNORATION,The act of pawning or pledging; the state of being pawned.[Obs.]
Bailey.
IMPING,The process of repairing broken feathers or a deficient wing.
IMPINGE,To fall or dash against; to touch upon; to strike; to hit; tociash with; --
with on or upon.The cause of reflection is not the impinging of light on the solid
orimpervious parts of bodies. Sir I. Newton.But, in the present order of things,
not to be employed withoutimpinging on God's justice. Bp. Warburton.
IMPINGEMENT,The act of impinging.
IMPINGENT,Striking against or upon.
IMPINGUATE,To fatten; to make fat. [Obs.] Bacon.
IMPINGUATION,The act of making fat, or the state of being fat or fattened.[Obs.]
IMPIOUS,Not pious; wanting piety; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly;profane; wanting
in reverence for the Supreme Being; as, an impiousdeed; impious language.When vice
prevails, and impious men bear away, The post of honor is aprivate station.
Addison.
IMPIRE,See Umpire. [Obs.] Huloet.
IMPISH,Having the qualities, or showing the characteristics, of animp.
IMPISHLY,In the manner of an imp.
IMPITEOUS,Pitiless; cruel. [Obs.]
IMPLACABILITY,The quality or state of being implacable.
IMPLACABLENESS,The quality of being implacable; implacability.
IMPLACABLY,In an implacable manner.
IMPLACENTAL,Without a placenta, as marsupials and monotremes.-- n.
IMPLACENTALIA,A primary division of the Mammalia, including the monotremesand
marsupials, in which no placenta is formed.
IMPLANT,To plant, or infix, for the purpose of growth; to fix deeply;to instill; to
inculate; to introduce; as, to implant the seeds ofvirtue, or the principles of
knowledge, in the minds of youth.Minds well implanted with solid . . . breeding.
Milton.
IMPLANTATION,The act or process of implantating.
IMPLATE,To cover with plates; to sheathe; as, to implate a ship withiron.
IMPLAUSIBILITY,Want of plausibility; the quality of being implausible.
IMPLAUSIBLE,Not plausible; not wearing the appearance of truth orcredibility, and
not likely to be believed. "Implausible harangues."Swift.-- Im*plau"si*ble*ness,
n.-- Im*plau"si*bly, adv.
IMPLEACH,To pleach; to interweave. [Obs.] Shak.
IMPLEAD,To institute and prosecute a suit against, in court; to sue orprosecute at
law; hence, to accuse; to impeach.
IMPLEADABLE,Not admitting excuse, evasion, or plea; rigorous. [R.] T.Adams.
IMPLEADER,One who prosecutes or sues another.
IMPLEASING,Unpleasing; displeasing. [Obs.] Overbury.
IMPLEDGE,To pledge. Sir W. Scott.
IMPLEMENT,That which fulfills or supplies a want or use; esp., aninstrument, toll,
or utensil, as supplying a requisite to an end; as,the implements of trade, of
husbandry, or of war.Genius must have talent as its complement and implement.
Coleridge.
IMPLEMENTAL,Pertaining to, or characterized by, implements or their use;mechanical.
IMPLEX,Intricate; entangled; complicated; complex.The fable of every poem is . . .
simple or implex. it is calledsimple when there is no change of fortune in it;
implex, when thefortune of the chief actor changes from bad to good, or from good
tobad. Addison.
IMPLEXION,Act of involving, or state of being involved; involution.
IMPLIABLE,Not pliable; inflexible; inyielding.
IMPLICATIVE,Tending to implicate.
IMPLICATIVELY,By implication. Sir G. Buck.
IMPLICITNESS,State or quality of being implicit.
IMPLICITY,Implicitness. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
IMPLIED,Virtually involved or included; involved in substance;inferential; tacitly
conceded; -- the correlative of express, orexpressed. See Imply.
IMPLIEDLY,By implication or inference. Bp. Montagu.
IMPLODED,Formed by implosion. Ellis.
IMPLODENT,An implosive sound. Ellis.
IMPLORATION,The act of imploring; earnest supplication. Bp. Hall.
IMPLORATOR,One who implores. [Obs.]Mere implorators of unholy suits. Shak.
IMPLORATORY,Supplicatory; entreating. [R.] Carlyle.
IMPLORE,To call upon, or for, in supplication; to beseech; to prey to,or for,
earnestly; to petition with urency; to entreat; to beg; --followed directly by the
word expressing the thing sought, or theperson from whom it is sought.Imploring all
the gods that reign above. Pope.I kneel, and then implore her blessing. Shak.
IMPLORER,One who implores.
IMPLORING,That implores; beseeching; entreating.-- Im*plor"ing*ly, adv.
IMPLOSION,A sudden compression of the air in the mouth, simultaneouslywith and
affecting the sound made by the closure of the organs inuttering p, t, or k, at the
end of a syllable (see Guide toPronunciation, §§159, 189); also, a similar
compression made by anupward thrust of the larynx without any accompanying
explosiveaction, as in the peculiar sound of b, d, and g, heard in SouthernGermany.
H. Sweet.
IMPLOSIVE,Formed by implosion.-- n.
IMPLUMED,Not plumed; without plumes or feathers; featherless. [R.]Drayton.
IMPLUNGE,To plunge. Fuller.
IMPLUVIUM,In Roman dwellings, a cistern or tank, set in the atrium orperistyle to
recieve the water from the roof, by means of thecompluvium; generally made
ornamental with flowers and works of artaround its birm.
IMPOISON,To poison; to imbitter; to impair.
IMPOISONER,A poisoner. [Obs.] Beau. & Fi.
IMPOISONMENT,The act of poisoning or impoisoning. [Obs.] Pope.
IMPOLICY,The quality of being impolitic; inexpedience; unsuitableness tothe end
proposed; bads policy; as, the impolicy of fraud. Bp.Horsley.
IMPOLITE,Not polite; not of polished manners; wanting in good manners;discourteous;
uncivil; rude.-- Im`po*lite"ly, adv.-- Im`po*lite"ness, n.
IMPOLITIC,Not politic; contrary to, or wanting in, policy; unwise;imprudent;
indiscreet; inexpedient; as, an impolitic ruler, law, ormeasure.The most unjust and
impolitic of all things, unequal taxation. Burke.
IMPOLITICAL,Impolitic. [Obs.] -- Im`po*lit"i*cal*ly, adv. [Obs.] Bacon.
IMPOLITICLY,In an impolitic manner.
IMPOLITICNESS,The quality of being impolitic.
IMPONDERABILITY,The quality or state of being imponderable; imponderableness.
IMPONDERABLE,Not ponderable; without sensible or appreciable weight;incapable of
being weighed.
IMPONDERABLENESS,The quality or state of being imponderable.
IMPONDEROUS,Imponderable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.-- Im*pon"der*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
IMPONE,To stake; to wager; to pledge. [Obs.]Against the which he has imponed, as I
take it, six French rapiersand poniards. Shak.
IMPOOFO,The eland. [Written also impoofoo.]
IMPOON,The duykerbok.
IMPOOR,To impoverish. [Obs.]
IMPOROSITY,The state or quality of being imporous; want of porosity;compactness.
"The . . . imporosity betwixt the tangible parts."Bacon.
IMPOROUS,Destitute of pores; very close or compact in texture; solid.Sir T. Browne.
IMPORT,To signify; to purport; to be of moment. "For that . . .importeth to the
work." Bacon.
IMPORTABLE,Capable of being imported.
IMPORTANCY,Importance; significance; consequence; that which is important.[Obs.]
Shak. "Careful to conceal importancies." Fuller.
IMPORTANTLY,In an important manner.
IMPORTER,One who imports; the merchant who brings goods into a countryor state; --
opposed to exporter.
IMPORTING,Full of meaning. [Obs.] Shak.
IMPORTLESS,Void of meaning. [Obs.] Shak.
IMPORTUNABLE,Heavy; insupportable. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
IMPORTUNACY,The quality of being importunate; importunateness.
IMPORTUNATOR,One who importunes; an importuner. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
IMPORTUNE,To require; to demand. [Obs.]We shall write to you, As time and our
concernings shall importune.Shak.
IMPORTUNELY,In an importune manner. [Obs.]
IMPORTUNER,One who importunes.
IMPORTUNITY,The quality of being importunate; pressing or pertinacioussolicitation;
urgent request; incessant or frequent application;troublesome pertinacity.O'ercome
with importunity and tears. Milton.
IMPORTUOUS,Without a port or harbor. [R.]
IMPOSABLE,Capable of being imposed or laid on. Hammond.
IMPOSABLENESS,Quality of being imposable.
IMPOSE,To lay on, as the hands, in the religious rites of confirmationand
ordination.
IMPOSEMENT,Imposition. [Obs.]
IMPOSER,One who imposes.The imposers of these oaths might repent. Walton.
IMPOSING,The act of imposing the columns of a page, or the pages of asheet. See
Impose, v. t., 4. Imposing stone (Print.), the stone onwhich the pages or columns
of types are imposed or made into forms; -- called also imposing table.
IMPOSINGLY,In an imposing manner.
IMPOSINGNESS,The quality of being imposing.
IMPOSITION,An extra exercise enjoined on students as a punishment. T.Warton.
IMPOSSIBLE,Not possible; incapable of being done, of existing, etc.;unattainable in
the nature of things, or by means at command;insuperably difficult under the
circumstances; absurd orimpracticable; not feasible.With men this is impossible;
but with God all things are possible.Matt. xix. 26.Without faith it is impossible
to please him. Heb. xi. 6.Impossible quantity (Math.), an imagnary quantity. See
Imaginary.
IMPOSSIBLY,Not possibly. Sir. T. North.
IMPOST,The top member of a pillar, pier, wall, etc., upon which theweight of an
arch rests.
IMPOSTHUMATE,To apostemate; to form an imposthume or abscess. Arbuthnot.
IMPOSTHUME,A collection of pus or purulent matter in any part of an animalbody; an
abscess.
IMPOSTOR,One who imposes upon others; a person who assumes a characteror title not
his own, for the purpose of deception; a pretender. "Thefraudulent impostor foul."
Milton.
IMPOSTORSHIP,The condition, character, or practice of an impostor. Milton.
IMPOSTROUS,Characterized by imposture; deceitful. "Impostrous pretense
ofknowledge." Grote.
IMPOSTURAGE,Imposture; cheating. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
IMPOSTURE,The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under afalse or
assumed character; fraud or imposition; cheating.From new legends And fill the
world with follies and impostures.Johnson.
IMPOSTURED,Done by imposture. [Obs.]
IMPOSTUROUS,Impostrous; deceitful.Strictness fales and impostrous. Beau. & Fl.
IMPOSTURY,Imposture. [Obs.] Fuller.
IMPOTENT,Wanting the power of procreation; unable to copulate; also,sometimes,
sterile; barren.
IMPOTENTLY,In an impotent manner.
IMPOUND,To shut up or place in an inclosure called a pound; hence, tohold in the
custody of a court; as, to impound stray cattle; toimpound a document for safe
keeping.But taken and impounded as a stray, The king of Scots. Shak.
IMPOUNDER,One who impounds.
IMPOVERISHER,One who, or that which, impoverishes.
IMPOVERISHMENT,The act of impoverishing, or the state of being
impoverished;reduction to poverty. Sir W. Scott.
IMPOWER,See Empower.
IMPRACTICABLENESS,The state or quality of being impracticable; impracticability.
IMPRACTICABLY,In an impracticable manner.Morality not impracticably rigid. Johnson.
IMPRACTICAL,Not practical.
IMPRECATION,The act of imprecating, or unvoking evil upon any one; a playerthat a
curse or calamnity may fall on any one; a curse.Men cowered like slaves before such
horrid imprecations. Motley.
IMPRECATORY,Of the nature of, or containing, imprecation; invokingevil; as,the
imprecatory psalms.
IMPRECISION,Want of precision. [R.]
IMPREGN,To impregnate; to make fruitful. [Obs.]His perniciousss words, impregned
With reason. Milton.Semele doth Bacchus bear Impregned of Jove. Dr. H. More.
IMPREGNABILITY,The quality or state of being impregnable; invincibility.
IMPREGNABLE,Not to be stormed, or taken by assault; incapable of beingsubdued; able
to resist attack; unconquerable; as, an impregnablefortress; impregnable virtue.The
man's affection remains wholly unconcerned and impregnable.South.--
Im*preg"na*ble*ness, n.-- Im*preg"na*bly, adv.
IMPREGNANT,That which impregnates. [R.] Glanvill.
IMPREGNATE,To come into contact with (an ovum or egg) so as to causeimpregnation;
to fertilize; to fecundate.
IMPREGNATION,The fusion of a female germ cell (ovum) with a male germ cell(in
animals, a spermatozoön) to form a single new cell endowed withthe power of
developing into a new individual; fertilization;fecundation.
IMPREJUDICATE,Not prejuged; unprejudiced; impartial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
IMPRENABLE,Impregnable. [Obs.]
IMPREPARATION,Want of preparation. [Obs.] Hooker.
IMPRESA,A device on a shield or seal, or used as a bookplate or thelike. [Written
also imprese and impress.]My impresa to your lordship; a swain Flying to a laurel
for shelter.J. Webster.
IMPRESARIO,The projector, manager, or conductor, of an opera or concertcompany.
IMPRESCRIPTIBILITY,The quality of being imprescriptible.
IMPRESCRIPTIBLY,In an imprescriptible manner; obviously.
IMPRESE,A device. See Impresa.An imprese, as the Italians call it, is a device in
picture with hismotto or word, borne by noble or learned personages. Camden.
IMPRESS,To take by force for public service; as, to impress sailors ormoney.The
second five thousand pounds impressed for the service of the sickand wounded
prisoners. Evelyn.
IMPRESSIBILITY,The quality of being impressible; susceptibility.
IMPRESSIBLE,Capable of being impressed; susceptible; sensitive.--
Im*press"i*ble*ness, n.-- Im*press"i*bly, adv.
IMPRESSION,The pressure of the type on the paper, or the result of suchpressure, as
regards its appearance; as, a heavy impression; a clear,or a poor, impression;
also, a single copy as the result of printing,or the whole edition printed at a
given time.Ten impressions which his books have had. Dryden.
IMPRESSIONABILITY,The quality of being impressionable.
IMPRESSIONABLE,Liable or subject to impression; capable of being
molded;susceptible; impressible.He was too impressionable; he had too much of the
temperament ofgenius. Motley.A pretty face and an impressionable disposition. T.
Hook.
IMPRESSIONABLENESS,The quality of being impressionable.
IMPRESSIONISM,The theory or method of suggesting an effect or impressionwithout
elaboration of the details; -- a disignation of a recentfashion in painting and
etching.
IMPRESSIONIST,One who adheres to the theory or method of impressionism, socalled.
IMPRESSIONISTIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, impressionism.
IMPRESSIONLESS,Having the quality of not being impressed or affected;
notsusceptible.
IMPRESSMENT,The act of seizing for public use, or of impressing into publicservice;
compulsion to serve; as, the impressment of provisions or ofsailors.The great
scandal of our naval service -- impressment -- died aprotracted death. J. H.
Burton.
IMPRESSOR,One who, or that which, impresses. Boyle.
IMPRESSURE,Dent; impression. [Obs.] Shak.
IMPREST,To advance on loan. Burke.
IMPREVENTABILITY,The state or quality of being impreventable. [R.]
IMPREVENTABLE,Not preventable; invitable.
IMPRIMATUR,A license to print or publish a book, paper, etc.; also, incountries
subjected to the censorship of the press, approval of thatwhich is published.
IMPRIMING,A begining. [Obs.] "Their springings and imprimings." Sir H.Wotton.
IMPRIMIS,In the first place; first in order.
IMPRINT,Whatever is impressed or imprinted; the impress or mark left bysomething;
specifically, the name of the printer or publisher(usually) with the time and place
of issue, in the title-page of abook, or on any printed sheet. "That imprint of
their hands." Buckle.
IMPRISONER,One who imprisons.
IMPRISONMENT,The act of imprisoning, or the state of being imprisoned;confinement;
restraint.His sinews waxen weak and raw Through long imprisonment and
hardconstraint. Spenser.Every confinement of the person is an imprisonment, whether
it be ina common prison, or in a private house, or even by foreibly detainingone in
the public streets. Blackstone.False imprisonment. (Law) See under False.
IMPROBABILITY,The quality or state of being improbable; unlikelihood; also,that
which is improbable; an improbable event or result.
IMPROBABLE,Not probable; unlikely to be true; not to be expected under
thecircumstances or in the usual course of events; as, an improbablestory or
event.He . . . sent to Elutherius, then bishop of Rome, an improbableletter, as
some of the contents discover. Milton.-- Im*prob"a*ble*ness, n.-- Im*prob"a*bly,
adv.
IMPROBATE,To disapprove of; to disallow. [Obs.]
IMPROBATION,The act by which falsehood and forgery are proved; an actionbrought for
the purpose of having some instrument declared false orforged. Bell.
IMPROBITY,Lack of probity; want of integrity or rectitude; dishonesty.Persons . . .
cast out for notorious improbity. Hooker.
IMPROFITABLE,Unprofitable. [Obs.]
IMPROGRESSIVE,Not progressive. De Quincey.-- Im"pro*gress"ive*ly, adv.
IMPROLIFIC,Not prolific. [Obs.] E. Waterhouse.
IMPROLIFICATE,To impregnate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
IMPROMPT,Not ready. [R.] Sterne.
IMPROMPTU,Offhand; without previous study; extemporaneous; extempore; as,an
impromptu verse.
IMPROPER,To appropriate; to limit. [Obs.]He would in like manner improper and
inclose the sunbeams to comfortthe rich and not the poor. Jewel.
IMPROPERATION,The act of upbraiding or taunting; a reproach; a taunt.
[Obs.]Improperatios and terms of scurrility. Sir T. Browne
IMPROPERIA,A series of antiphons and responses, expressing the
sorrowfulremonstrance of our Lord with his people; -- sung on the morning ofthe
Good Friday in place of the usual daily Mass of the Roman ritual.Grove.
IMPROPERLY,In an improper manner; not properly; unsuitably; unbecomingly.
IMPROPERTY,Impropriety. [Obs.]
IMPROPITIOUS,Unpropitious; unfavorable. [Obs.] "Dreams were impropitious."Sir H.
Wotton.
IMPROPORTIONABLE,Not proportionable. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
IMPROPORTIONATE,Not proportionate. [Obs.]
IMPROPRIATE,To place the profits of (ecclesiastical property) in the handsof a
layman for care and disbursement.
IMPROPRIATOR,One who impropriates; specifically, a layman in possession ofchurch
property.
IMPROPRIATRIX,A female impropriator.
IMPROSPERITY,Want of prosperity. [Obs.]
IMPROSPEROUS,Not prosperous. [Obs.] Dryden.-- Im*pros"per*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.] --
Im*pros"per*ous*ness, n.[Obs.]
IMPROVABILITY,The state or quality of being improvable; improvableness.
IMPROVEMENT,Valuable additions or betterments, as buildings, clearings,drains,
fences, etc., on premises.
IMPROVER,One who, or that which, improves.
IMPROVIDED,Unforeseen; unexpected; not provided against; unprepared.[Obs.]All
improvided for dread of death. E. Hall.
IMPROVIDENCE,The quality of being improvident; want of foresight or thrift.The
improvidence of my neighbor must not make me inhuman. L'Estrange.
IMPROVIDENT,Not provident; wanting foresight or forethought; not foreseeingor
providing for the future; negligent; thoughtless; as, animprovident man.Improvident
soldires! had your watch been good, This sudden mischiefnever could have fallen.
Shak.
IMPROVIDENTIALLY,Improvidently. [R.]
IMPROVIDENTLY,In a improvident manner. "Improvidently rash." Drayton.
IMPROVING,Tending to improve, beneficial; growing better.-- Im*prov"ing*ly, adv.
Improving lease (Scots Law), an extend leaseto induce the tenant to make
improvements on the premises.
IMPROVISATE,Unpremeditated; impromptu; extempore. [R.]
IMPROVISATIZE,Same as Improvisate.
IMPROVISATOR,An improviser, or improvvisatore.
IMPROVISATORE,See Improvvisatore.
IMPROVISATRICE,See Improvvisatrice.
IMPROVISE,To produce or render extemporaneous compositions, especially inverse or
in music, without previous preparation; hence, to doanything offhand.
IMPROVISER,One who improvises.
IMPROVISION,Improvidence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
IMPROVISO,Not prepared or mediated beforehand; extemporaneous. [Obs.]Jonhson.
IMPROVVISATORE,One who composes and sings or recites rhymes and short
poemsextemporaneously. [Written also improvisatore.]
IMPROVVISATRICE,A female improvvisatore. [Written also improvisatrice.]
IMPRUDENCE,The quality or state of being imprudent; want to caution,circumspection,
or a due regard to consequences; indiscretion;inconsideration; reshness; also, an
imprudent act; as, he was guiltyof an imprudence.His serenity was interrupted,
perhaps, by his own imprudence. Mickle.
IMPRUDENT,Not prudent; wanting in prudence or discretion; indiscreet;injudicious;
not attentive to consequence; improper.-- Im*pru"dent*ly, adv.Her majesty took a
great dislike at the imprudent behavior of many ofthe ministers and readers.
Strype.
IMPUBERAL,Not having arrived at puberty; immature.In impuberal animals the
cerebellum is, in proportion to the brainproper, greatly less than in adults. Sir
W. Hamilton.
IMPUBERTY,The condition of not having reached puberty, or the age ofability to
reproduce one's species; want of age at which the marriagecontract can be legally
entered into.
IMPUDENCE,The quality of being impudent; assurance, accompanied with adisregard of
the presence or opinions of others; shamelessness;forwardness; want of
modesty.Clear truths that their own evidence forces us to admit, or
commonexperience makes it impudence to deny. Locke.Where pride and impudence (in
fashion knit) Usurp the chair of wit.B. Jonson.
IMPUDENCY,Impudence. [Obs.] Burton.Audacious without impudency. Shak.
IMPUDENT,Bold, with contempt or disregard; unblushingly forward;impertinent;
wanting modesty; shameless; saucy.More than impudent sauciness. Shak.When we behold
an angel, not to fear Is to be impudent. Dryden.
IMPUDENTLY,In an impudent manner; with unbecoming assurance; shamelessly.At once
assail With open mouths, and impudently rail. Sandys.
IMPUDICITY,Immodesty. Sheldon.
IMPUGN,To attack by words or arguments; to contradict; to assail; tocall in
question; to make insinuations against; to gainsay; tooppose.The truth hereof I
will net rashly pugn, or overboldly affirm.Peacham.
IMPUGNABLE,Capable of being impugned; that may be gainsaid.
IMPUGNATION,Act of impugning; opposition; attack. [Obs.]A perpetual impugnation and
self-conflict. Bp. Hall.
IMPUGNER,One who impugns.
IMPUGNMENT,The act of impugning, or the state of being impugned. Ed. Rev.
IMPUISSANCE,Lack of power; inability. Bacon.Their own impuissance and weakness.
Holland.
IMPUISSANT,Weak; impotent; feeble.
IMPULSE,The action of a force during a very small interval of time; theeffect of
such action; as, the impulse of a sudden blow upon a hardelastic body.
IMPULSIVE,Acting momentarily, or by impulse; not continuous; -- said offorces.
IMPULSIVELY,In an impulsive manner.
IMPULSIVENESS,The quality of being impulsive.
IMPULSOR,One who, or that which, impels; an inciter. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
IMPUNCTATE,Not punctuate or dotted.
IMPUNCTUAL,Not punctual. [R.]
IMPUNCTUALITY,Neglect of, or failure in, punctuality. [R.] A. Hamilton.
IMPUNE,Unpunished. [R.]
IMPUNIBLY,Without punishment; with impunity. [Obs.] J. Ellis.
IMPUNITY,Exemption or freedom from punishment, harm, or loss.Heaven, though slow to
wrath, Is neimpunity defied. Cowper.The impunity and also the recompense. Holland.
IMPURATION,Defilement; obscuration. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
IMPURE,Not purified according to the ceremonial law of Moses; unclean.
IMPURELY,In an impure manner.
IMPURENESS,The quality or condition of being impure; impurity. Milton.
IMPURITY,Want of ceremonial purity; defilement.
IMPURPLE,To color or tinge with purple; to make red or reddish; topurple; as, a
field impurpled with blood.Impurpled with celestial roses, smiled. Milton.The
silken fleece impurpled for the loom. Pope.
IMPUTABILITY,The quality of being imputable; imputableness.
IMPUTABLENESS,Quality of being imputable.
IMPUTABLY,By imputation.
IMPUTATION,A setting of something to the account of; the attribution ofpersonal
guilt or personal righteousness of another; as, theimputation of the sin of Adam,
or the righteousness of Christ.
IMPUTATIVE,Transferred by imputation; that may be imputed.-- Im*put"a*tive*ly,
adv.Actual righteousness as well as imputative. Bp. Warburton.
IMPUTE,To adjudge as one's own (the sin or righteousness) of another;as, the
righteousness of Christ is imputed to us.It was imputed to him for righteousness.
Rom. iv. 22.They merit Imputed shall absolve them who renounce Their own,
bothrighteous and unrighteous deeds. Milton.
IMPUTER,One who imputes.
IMPUTRESCIBLE,Not putrescible.
IMRIGH,A peculiar strong soup or broth, made in Scotland. [Writtenalso imrich.]
IN AND IN,Applied to breeding from a male and female of the sameparentage. See
under Breeding.
IN ANTIS,Between antæ; -- said of a portico in classical style, wherecolumns are
set between two antæ, forming the angles of the building.See Anta.
IN COMMENDAM,See Commendam, and Partnership in Commendam, under Partnership.
IN ESSE,In being; actually existing; -- distinguished from in posse, orin potentia,
which denote that a thing is not, but may be.
IN LOCO,In the place; in the proper or natural place.
IN POSSE,In possibility; possible, although not yet in existence or cometo pass; --
contradistinguished from in esse.
IN SITU,In its natural position or place; -- said of a rock or fossil,when found in
the situation in which it was originally formed ordeposited.
IN STRICT SETTLEMENT,A disposition of property for the benefit of some person
orpersons, usually through the medium of trustees, and for the benefitof a wife,
children, or other relatives; jointure granted to a wife,or the act of granting it.
IN TRANSITU,In transit; during passage; as, goods in transitu.
IN VACUO,In a vacuum; in empty space; as, experiments in vacuo.
IN,The specific signification of in is situation or place withrespect to
surrounding, environment, encompassment, etc. It is usedwith verbs signifying
being, resting, or moving within limits, orwithin circumstances or conditions of
any kind conceived of aslimiting, confining, or investing, either wholly or in
part. In itsdifferent applications, it approaches some of the meanings of,
andsometimes is interchangeable with, within, into, on, at, of, andamong. It is
used: --
IN-,A prefix from Eng. prep. in, also from Lat. prep. in, meaningin, into, on,
among; as, inbred, inborn, inroad; incline, inject,intrude. In words from the
Latin, in- regularly becomes il- before l,ir- before r, and im- before a labial;
as, illusion, irruption,imblue, immigrate, impart. In- is sometimes used with an
simpleintensive force.
IN-AND-IN,An old game played with four dice. In signified a doublet, ortwo dice
alike; in-and-in, either two doubles, or the four dicealike.
IN-GOING,The act of going in; entrance.
INABILITY,The quality or state of being unable; lack of ability; want ofsufficient
power, strength, resources, or capacity.It is not from an inability to discover
what they ought to do, thatmen err in practice. Blair.
INABLE,See Enable.
INABLEMENT,See Enablement. [Obs.]
INABSTINENCE,Want of abstinence; indulgence. [Obs.] "The inabstinence ofEve."
Milton.
INABSTRACTED,Not abstracted.
INABUSIVELY,Without abuse.
INACCESSIBILITY,The quality or state of being inaccessible; inaccessibleness."The
inaccessibility of the precipice." Bp. Butler.
INACCESSIBLE,Not accessible; not to be reached, obtained, or approached; as,an
inaccessible rock, fortress, document, prince, etc.-- In`ac*cess"i*ble*ness, n.--
In`ac*cess"i*bly, adv.
INACCORDANT,Not accordant; discordant.
INACCURATE,Not accurate; not according to truth; inexact; incorrect;erroneous; as,
in inaccurate man, narration, copy, judgment,calculation, etc.The expression is
plainly inaccurate. Bp. Hurd.
INACCURATELY,In an inaccurate manner; incorrectly; inexactly.
INACQUAINTANCE,Want of acquaintance. Good.
INACQUIESCENT,Not acquiescent or acquiescing.
INACTION,Want of action or activity; forbearance from labor; idleness;rest;
inertness. Berkeley.
INACTIVE,Not active; inert; esp., not exhibiting any action or activityon polarized
light; optically neutral; -- said of isomeric forms ofcertain substances, in
distinction from other forms which areoptically active; as, racemic acid is an
inactive tartaric acid.
INACTIVELY,In an inactive manner. Locke.
INACTOSE,A variety of sugar, found in certain plants. It is opticallyinactive.
INACTUATE,To put in action. [Obs.]
INACTUATION,Operation. [Obs.]
INADAPTATION,Want of adaptation; unsuitableness.
INADEQUACY,The quality or state of being inadequate or insufficient;defectiveness;
insufficiency; inadequateness.The inadequacy and consequent inefficacy of the
alleged causes. Dr.T. Dwight.
INADEQUATE,Not adequate; unequal to the purpose; insufficient; deficient;as,
inadequate resources, power, conceptions, representations, etc.Dryden.--
In*ad"e*quate*ly, adv.-- In*ad"e*quate*ness, n.
INADEQUATION,Want of exact correspondence. [Obs.] Puller.
INADHERENT,Free; not connected with the other organs.
INADHESION,Want of adhesion.
INADMISSIBILITY,The state or quality of being inadmissible, or not to bereceived.
INADMISSIBLE,Not admissible; not proper to be admitted, allowed, orreceived; as,
inadmissible testimony; an inadmissible proposition, orexplanation.--
In`ad*mis"si*bly, adv.
INADVERTENT,Not turning the mind to a matter; heedless; careless;negligent;
inattentive.An inadvertent step may crush the snail That crawls at evening in
thepublic path. Cowper.-- In`ad*vert"ent*ly, adv.
INADVISABLE,Not advisable.-- In`ad*vis"a*ble*ness, n.
INAFFABILITY,Want of affability or sociability; reticence.
INAFFABLE,Not affable; reserved in social intercourse.
INAFFECTATION,Freedom from affectation; naturalness. [R.]
INAFFECTED,Unaffected. [Obs.] -- In`af*fect"ed*ly, adv. [Obs.]
INAIDABLE,Incapable of being assisted; helpless. [R.] Shak.
INALIENABILITY,The quality or state of being inalienable.
INALIENABLE,Incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred toanother;
not alienable; as, in inalienable birthright.
INALIENABLENESS,The quality or state of being inalienable; inalienability.
INALIENABLY,In a manner that forbids alienation; as, rights inalienablyvested.
INALIMENTAL,Affording no aliment or nourishment. [Obs.] Bacon.
INALTERABILITY,The quality of being unalterable or unchangeable; permanence.
INALTERABLE,Not alterable; incapable of being altered or changed;unalterable.--
In*al"ter*a*ble*ness, n.-- In*al"ter*a*bly, adv.
INAMIABLE,Unamiable. [Obs.] -- In*a"mi*a*ble*ness, n. [Obs.]
INAMISSIBLE,Incapable of being lost. [R.] Hammond.-- In`a*mis"si*ble*ness, n. [R.]
INAMORATA,A woman in love; a mistress. "The fair inamorata." Sherburne.
INAMORATE,Enamored. Chapman.-- In*am"o*rate*ly, adv. [R.]
INAMORATO,A male lover.
INAMOVABLE,Not amovable or removable. [R.] Palgrave.
INANE,Without contents; empty; void of sense or intelligence;purposeless;
pointless; characterless; useless. "Vague and inaneinstincts." I. Taylor.--
In*ane"ly, adv.
INANGULAR,Not angular. [Obs.]
INANIMATE,To animate. [Obs.] Donne.
INANIMATED,Destitute of life; lacking animation; unanimated. Pope.
INANIMATENESS,The quality or state of being inanimate.The deadness and
inanimateness of the subject. W. Montagu.
INANIMATION,Want of animation; lifeless; dullness.
INANITIATE,To produce inanition in; to exhaust for want of nourishment.[R.]
INANITIATION,Inanition. [R.]
INANITION,The condition of being inane; emptiness; want of fullness, asin the
vessels of the body; hence, specifically, exhaustion from wantof food, either from
partial or complete starvation, or from adisorder of the digestive apparatus,
producing the same result.Feeble from inanition, inert from weariness.
Landor.Repletion and inanition may both do harm in two contrary extremes.Burton.
INANTHERATE,Not bearing anthers; -- said of sterile stamens.
INAPATHY,Sensibility; feeling; -- opposed to apathy. [R.]
INAPPEALABLE,Not admitting of appeal; not appealable. Coleridge.
INAPPEASABLE,Incapable of being appeased or satisfied; unappeasable.
INAPPELLABILITY,The quality of being inappellable; finality.The inappellability of
the councils. Coleridge.
INAPPELLABLE,Inappealable; final.
INAPPLICABILITY,The quality of being inapplicable; unfitness; inapplicableness.
INAPPLICABLE,Not applicable; incapable of being applied; not adapted; notsuitable;
as, the argument is inapplicable to the case. J. S. Mill.
INAPPLICATION,Want of application, attention, or diligence; negligence;indolence.
INAPPOSITE,Not apposite; not fit or suitable; not pertinent.-- In*ap"po*site*ly,
adv.
INAPPRECIABLE,Not appreciable; too small to be perceived; incapable of beingduly
valued or estimated. Hallam.
INAPPRECIATION,Want of appreciation.
INAPPREHENSIBLE,Not apprehensible; unintelligible; inconceivable. Milton.
INAPPREHENSION,Want of apprehension.
INAPPREHENSIVE,Not apprehensive; regardless; unconcerned. Jer. Taylor.
INAPPROACHABLE,Not approachable; unapproachable; inaccessible; unequaled.--
In`ap*proach"a*bly, adv.
INAPPROPRIATE,Not instrument (to); not appropriate; unbecoming; unsuitable;not
specially fitted; -- followed by to or for.-- In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ly, adv.--
In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ness, n.
INAPT,Unapt; not apt; unsuitable; inept.-- In*apt"ly, adv.-- In*apt"ness, n.
INAPTITUDE,Want of aptitude.
INAQUATE,Embodied in, or changed into, water. [Obs.] Cranmer.
INAQUATION,The state of being inaquate. [Obs.] Bp. Gardiner.
INARABLE,Not arable. [R.]
INARCH,To graft by uniting, as a scion, to a stock, without separatingeither from
its root before the union is complete; -- also called tograft by approach. P.
Miler.
INARCHING,A method of ingrafting. See Inarch.
INARTICULATED,Not articulated; not jointed or connected by a joint.
INARTICULATELY,In an inarticulate manner. Hammond.
INARTICULATENESS,The state or quality of being inarticulate.
INARTICULATION,Inarticulateness. Chesterfield.
INARTIFICIAL,Not artificial; not made or elaborated by art; natural;
simple;artless; as, an inartificial argument; an inartificial character.--
In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ly, adv.-- In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ness, n.
INASMUCH,In like degree; in like manner; seeing that; considering that;since; --
followed by as. See In as much as, under In, prep.Inasmuch as ye did it not to one
of the least of these, ye did it notto me. Matt. xxv. 45.
INATTENTION,Want of attention, or failure to pay attention; disregard;heedlessness;
neglect.Novel lays attract our ravished ears; But old, the mind inattentionhears.
Pope.
INATTENTIVE,Not attentive; not fixing the mind on an object; heedless;careless;
negligent; regardless; as, an inattentive spectator orhearer; an inattentive habit.
I. Watts.
INAUDIBILITY,The quality of being inaudible; inaudibleness.
INAUDIBLE,Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent.-- In*au"di*ble*ness, n.--
In*au"di*bly, adv.
INAUGUR,To inaugurate. [Obs.] Latimer.
INAUGURAL,Pertaining to, or performed or pronounced at, an inauguration;as, an
inaugural address; the inaugural exercises.
INAUGURATE,Invested with office; inaugurated. Drayton.
INAUGURATION DAY,The day on which the President of the United States isinaugurated,
the 4th of March in every year next after a yeardivisible by four.
INAUGURATOR,One who inaugurates.
INAUGURATORY,Suitable for, or pertaining to, inauguration. Johnson.
INAURATE,Covered with gold; gilded.
INAURATION,The act or process of gilding or covering with gold.
INAUSPICATE,Inauspicious [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.
INAUSPICIOUS,Not auspicious; ill-omened; unfortunate; unlucky;
unfavorable."Inauspicious stars." Shak. "Inauspicious love." Dryden.--
In`aus*pi"cious*ly, adv.-- In`aus*pi"cious*ness, n.
INAUTHORITATIVE,Without authority; not authoritative.
INBARGE,To embark; to go or put into a barge. [Obs.] Drayton.
INBEAMING,Shining in. South.
INBEING,Inherence; inherent existence. I. Watts.
INBIND,To inclose. [Obs.] Fairfax.
INBLOWN,Blown in or into. [Obs.]
INBOARD,Inside the line of a vessel's bulwarks or hull; the opposite ofoutboard;
as, an inboard cargo; haul the boom inboard.
INBORN,Born in or with; implanted by nature; innate; as, inbornpassions. Cowper.
INBREATHE,To infuse by breathing; to inspire. Coleridge.
INBRED,Bred within; innate; as, inbred worth. "Inbred sentiments."Burke.
INBURNING,Burning within.Her inburning wrath she gan abate. Spenser.
INBURNT,Burnt in; ineffaceable.Her inburnt, shamefaced thoughts. P. Fletcher.
INBURST,A bursting in or into.
INC,A Japanese measure of length equal to about two and one twelfthyards. [Written
also ink.]
INCA,The people governed by the Incas, now represented by theQuichua tribe. Inca
dove (Zoöl.), a small dove (Scardafella inca),native of Arizona, Lower California,
and Mexico.
INCAGE,To confine in, or as in, a cage; to coop up. [Written alsoencage.] "Incaged
birds." Shak.
INCAGEMENT,Confinement in, or as in, cage. [Obs.] Shelton.
INCALCULABILITY,The quality or state of being incalculable.
INCALCULABLE,Not capable of being calculated; beyond calculation; verygreat.--
In*cal"cu*la*ble*ness, n.-- In*cal"cu*la*bly, adv.
INCALESCENCE,The state of being incalescent, or of growing warm. Sir T.Browne.
INCALESCENCY,Incalescence. Ray.
INCALESCENT,Growing warm; increasing in heat.
INCAMERATION,The act or process of uniting lands, rights, or revenues, tothe
ecclesiastical chamber, i. e., to the pope's domain.
INCAN,Of or pertaining to the Incas.
INCANDESCENCE,A white heat, or the glowing or luminous whiteness of a bodycaused by
intense heat.
INCANDESCENT,White, glowing, or luminous, with intense heat; as,incandescent carbon
or platinum; hence, clear; shining; brilliant.Holy Scripture become resplendent;
or, as one might say, incandescentthroughout. I. Taylor.Incandescent lamp or light
(Elec.), a kind of lamp in which the lightis produced by a thin filament of
conducting material, usuallycarbon, contained in a vacuum, and heated to
incandescence by anelectric current, as in the Edison lamp; -- called also
incandescencelamp, and glowlamp.
INCANESCENT,Becoming hoary or gray; canescent.
INCANOUS,Hoary with white pubescence.
INCANTATORY,Dealing by enchantment; magical. Sir T. Browne.
INCANTING,Enchanting. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
INCANTON,To unite to, or form into, a canton or separate community.Addison.
INCAPABILITY,Want of legal qualifications, or of legal power; as,incapability of
holding an office.
INCAPABLE,Unqualified or disqualified, in a legal sense; as, a man underthirty-five
years of age is incapable of holding the office ofpresident of the United States; a
person convicted on impeachment isthereby made incapable of holding an office of
profit or honor underthe government.
INCAPABLENESS,The quality or state of being incapable; incapability.
INCAPABLY,In an incapable manner.
INCAPACIOUS,Not capacious; narrow; small; weak or foolish; as, anincapacious soul.
Bp. Burnet.-- In`ca*pa"cious*ness, n.
INCAPACITATE,To deprive of legal or constitutional requisites, or of abilityor
competency for the performance of certain civil acts; todisqualify.It absolutely
incapacitated them from holding rank, office, function,or property. Milman.
INCAPACITATION,The act of incapacitating or state of being
incapacitated;incapacity; disqualification. Burke.
INCAPACITY,Want of legal ability or competency to do, give, transmit, orreceive
something; inability; disqualification; as, the inacapacityof minors to make
binding contracts, etc.
INCAPSULATE,To inclose completely, as in a membrane.
INCAPSULATION,The process of becoming, or the state or condition of
being,incapsulated; as, incapsulation of the ovum in the uterus.
INCARCERATE,Imprisoned. Dr. H. More.
INCARCERATOR,One who incarcerates.
INCARN,To cover or invest with flesh. [R.] Wiseman.
INCARNADINE,Flesh-colored; of a carnation or pale red color. [Obs.]Lovelace.
INCARNATE,Not in the flesh; spiritual. [Obs.]I fear nothing . . . that devil
carnate or incarnate can fairly do.Richardson.
INCARNATION,The union of the second person of the Godhead with manhood inChrist.
INCARNATIVE,Causing new flesh to grow; healing; regenerative.-- n.
INCARNIFICATION,The act of assuming, or state of being clothed with,
flesh;incarnation.
INCASE,To inclose in a case; to inclose; to cover or surround withsomething
solid.Rich plates of gold the folding doors incase. Pope.
INCASK,To cover with a casque or as with a casque. Sherwood.
INCASTELLATED,Confined or inclosed in a castle.
INCASTELLED,Hoofbound. Crabb.
INCATENATION,The act of linking together; enchaining. [R.] Goldsmith.
INCAUTION,Want of caution. Pope.
INCAUTIOUS,Not cautious; not circumspect; not attending to thecircumstances on
which safety and interest depend; heedless;careless; as, an incautious step; an
incautious remark.
INCAVATED,Made hollow; bent round or in.
INCAVATION,Act of making hollow; also, a hollow; an exvation; adepression.
INCAVED,Inclosed in a cave.
INCAVERNED,Inclosed or shut up as in a cavern. Drayton.
INCEDINGLY,Majestically. [R.] C. Bronté.
INCELEBRITY,Want of celebrity or distinction; obscurity. [R.] Coleridge.
INCEND,To inflame; to excite. [Obs.] Marston.
INCENDIARISM,The act or practice of maliciously setting fires; arson.
INCENDIOUS,Promoting faction or contention; seditious; inflammatory.[Obs.] Bacon.--
In*cen"di*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]
INCENSANT,A modern term applied to animals (as a boar) when borne asraging, or with
furious aspect.
INCENSATION,The offering of incense. [R.] Encyc. Brit.
INCENSE,Breathing or exhaling incense. "Incense-breathing morn." Gray.
INCENSED,Represented as enraged, as any wild creature depicted with fireissuing
from mouth and eyes.
INCENSEMENT,Fury; rage; heat; exasperation; as, implacable incensement.Shak.
INCENSER,One who instigates or incites.
INCENSION,The act of kindling, or the state of being kindled or on fire.Bacon.
INCENSIVE,Tending to excite or provoke; inflammatory. Barrow.
INCENSOR,A kindler of anger or enmity; an inciter.
INCENSORY,The vessel in which incense is burned and offered; a censer; athurible.
[R.] Evelyn.
INCENSURABLE,Not censurable. Dr. T. Dwight.-- In*cen"sur*a*bly, adv.
INCENTER,The center of the circle inscribed in a triangle.
INCENTIVE,That which moves or influences the mind, or operates on thepassions; that
which incites, or has a tendency to incite, todetermination or action; that which
prompts to good or ill; motive;spur; as, the love of money, and the desire of
promotion, are twopowerful incentives to action.The greatest obstacles, the
greatest terrors that come in their way,are so far from making them quit the work
they had begun, that theyrather prove incentives to them to go on in it. South.
INCENTIVELY,Incitingly; encouragingly.
INCEPTIVE,Beginning; expressing or indicating beginning; as, an
inceptiveproposition; an inceptive verb, which expresses the beginning ofaction; --
called also inchoative.-- In*cep"tive*ly, adv.
INCERATION,The act of smearing or covering with wax. B. Jonson.
INCERATIVE,Cleaving or sticking like wax. Cotgrave.
INCERTAIN,Uncertain; doubtful; unsteady.-- In*cer"tain*ly, adv.Very questionable
and of uncertain truth. Sir T. Browne.
INCERTAINTY,Uncertainty. [Obs.] Shak.
INCERTITUDE,Uncertainty; doubtfulness; doubt.The incertitude and instability of
this life. Holland.He fails . . . from mere incertitude or irresolution. I. Taylor.
INCERTUM,Doubtful; not of definite form. Opus incertum (Anc. Arch.), akind of
masonry employed in building walls, in which the stones werenot squared nor laid in
courses; rubblework.
INCESSABLE,Unceasing; continual. [Obs.] Shelton.-- In*ces"sa*bly, adv. [Obs.]
INCESSANCY,The quality of being incessant; unintermitted continuance;unceasingness.
Dr. T. Dwight.
INCESSANT,Continuing or following without interruption; unceasing;unitermitted;
uninterrupted; continual; as, incessant clamors;incessant pain, etc.Against the
castle gate, . . . Which with incessant force and endlesshate, They batter'd day
and night and entrance did await. Spenser.
INCESSANTLY,Unceasingly; continually. Shak.
INCESSION,Motion on foot; progress in walking. [Obs.]The incession or local motion
of animals. Sir T. Browne.
INCEST,The crime of cohabitation or sexual commerce between personsrelated within
the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by law.Shak. Spiritual incest. (Eccl.
Law) (a) The crime of cohabitationcommitted between persons who have a spiritual
alliance by means ofbaptism or confirmation. (b) The act of a vicar, or
otherbeneficiary, who holds two benefices, the one depending on thecollation of the
other.
INCESTTUOUS,Guilty of incest; involving, or pertaining to, the crime ofincest; as,
an incestuous person or connection. Shak.Ere you reach to this incestuous love, You
must divine and humanrights remove. Dryden.-- In*cest"tu*ous*ly, adv.--
In*cest"tu*ous*ness, n.
INCH,An island; -- often used in the names of small islands off thecoast of
Scotland, as in Inchcolm, Inchkeith, etc. [Scot.]
INCHAMBER,To lodge in a chamber. [R.] Sherwood.
INCHANGEABILITY,Unchangeableness. [Obs.] Kenrick.
INCHANT,See Enchant.
INCHARITABLE,Uncharitable; unfeeling. [Obs.] Shak.
INCHARITY,Want of charity. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INCHASE,See Enchase.
INCHASTITY,Unchastity. [Obs.] Milton.
INCHED,Having or measuring (so many) inches; as, a four-inched bridge.Shak.
INCHEST,To put into a chest.
INCHIPIN,See Inchpin.
INCHMEAL,A piece an inch long. By inchmeal, by small degrees; by inches.Shak.
INCHOATE,Recently, or just, begun; beginning; partially but not fully inexistence
or operation; existing in its elements; incomplete.-- In"cho*ate*ly, adv.Neither a
substance perfect, nor a substance inchoate. Raleigh.
INCHOATION,Act of beginning; commencement; inception.The setting on foot some of
those arts, in those parts, would belooked on as the first inchoation of them. Sir
M. Hale.It is now in actual progress, from the rudest inchoation to the
mostelaborate finishing. I. Taylor.
INCHOATIVE,Expressing or pertaining to a beginning; inceptive; as, aninchoative
verb. "Some inchoative or imperfect rays." W. Montagu.-- n.
INCHPIN,The sweetbread of a deer. Cotgrave.
INCHWORM,The larva of any geometrid moth. See Geometrid.
INCICURABLE,Untamable. [R.]
INCIDE,To cut; to separate and remove; to resolve or break up, as bymedicines.
[Obs.] Arbuthnot.
INCIDENCE,The direction in which a body, or a ray of light or heat, fallson any
surface.In equal incidences there is a considerable inequality ofrefractions. Sir
I. Newton.Angle of incidence, the angle which a ray of light, or the line
ofincidence of a body, falling on any surface, makes with aperpendicular to that
surface; also formerly, the complement of thisangle.-- Line of incidence, the line
in the direction of which a surfaceis struck by a body, ray of light, and the like.
INCIDENCY,Incidence. [Obs.] Shak.
INCIDENT,Dependent upon, or appertaining to, another thing, called theprincipal.
Incident proposition (Logic), a proposition subordinate toanother, and introduced
by who, which, whose, whom, etc.; as, Julius,whose surname was Cæsar, overcame
Pompey. I. Watts.
INCIDENTAL,Happening, as an occasional event, without regularity; comingwithout
design; casual; accidental; hence, not of prime concern;subordinate; collateral;
as, an incidental conversation; anincidental occurrence; incidental expenses.By
some, religious duties . . . appear to be regarded . . . as anincidental business.
Rogers.
INCIDENTLY,Incidentally. [Obs.]
INCINERABLE,Capable of being incinerated or reduced to ashes. Sir T.Browne.
INCINERATE,Reduced to ashes by burning; thoroughly consumed. [Obs.] Bacon.
INCINERATION,The act of incinerating, or the state of being
incinerated;cremation.The phenix kind, Of whose incineration, There riseth a new
creation.Skelton.
INCIPIENT,Beginning to be, or to show itself; commencing; initial; as,the incipient
stage of a fever; incipient light of day.-- In*cip"i*ent*ly, adv.
INCIRCLE,See Encircle.
INCIRCLET,A small circle. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
INCIRCUMSCRIPTIBLE,Incapable of being circumscribed or limited. Cranmer.
INCIRCUMSCRIPTION,Condition or quality of being incircumscriptible or
limitless.Jer. Taylor.
INCIRCUMSPECT,Not circumspect; heedless; careless; reckless; impolitic.Tyndale.
INCIRCUMSPECTION,Want of circumspection. Sir T. Browne.
INCISED,Having deep and sharp notches, as a leaf or a petal.
INCISELY,In an incised manner.
INCISIVE,Of or pertaining to the incisors; incisor; as, the incisivebones, the
premaxillaries.
INCISOR,One of the teeth in front of the canines in either jaw; anincisive tooth.
See Tooth.
INCISORY,Having the quality of cutting; incisor; incisive.
INCISURE,A cut; an incision; a gash. Derham.
INCITANT,Inciting; stimulating.
INCITATIVE,A provocative; an incitant; a stimulant. [R.] Jervas.
INCITE,To move to action; to stir up; to rouse; to spur or urge on.Anthiochus, when
he incited Prusias to join in war, set before himthe greatness of the Romans.
Bacon.No blown ambition doth our arms incite. Shak.
INCITER,One who, or that which, incites.
INCITINGLY,So as to incite or stimulate.
INCITO-MOTOR,Inciting to motion; -- applied to that action which, in thecase of
muscular motion, commences in the nerve centers, and excitesthe muscles to
contraction. Opposed to excito-motor.
INCITO-MOTORY,Incitomotor.
INCIVIL,Uncivil; rude. [Obs.] Shak.
INCIVILIZATION,The state of being uncivilized; want of civilization;barbarism.
INCIVILLY,Uncivilly. [Obs.] Shak.
INCIVISM,Want of civism; want of patriotism or love to one's country;unfriendliness
to one's state or government. [R.] Macaulay.
INCLAMATION,Exclamation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INCLASP,To clasp within; to hold fast to; to embrace or encircle.[Written also
enclasp.]The flattering ivy who did ever see Inclasp the huge trunk of an agedtree.
F. Beaumont.
INCLAUDENT,Not closing or shutting.
INCLAVATED,Set; fast; fixed. Dr. John Smith.
INCLAVE,Resembling a series of dovetails; -- said of a line ofdivision, such as the
border of an ordinary.
INCLE,Same as Inkle.
INCLEMENTLY,In an inclement manner.
INCLINABLENESS,The state or quality of being inclinable; inclination.
INCLINATION,The angle made by two lines or planes; as, the inclination ofthe plane
of the earth's equator to the plane of the ecliptic isabout 23º 28'; the
inclination of two rays of light.
INCLINATORY,Having the quality of leaning or inclining; as, the
inclinatoryneedle.-- In*clin"a*to*ri*ly, adv. Sir T. Browne.
INCLINE,An inclined plane; an ascent o
INCLINED,Making an angle with some line or plane; -- said of a line orplane.
INCLINER,One who, or that which, inclines; specifically, an inclineddial.
INCLINING,Same as Inclined, 3.
INCLINNOMETER,An apparatus to determine the inclination of the earth'smagnetic
force to the plane of the horizon; -- called alsoinclination compass, and dip
circle.
INCLIP,To clasp; to inclose.Whate'er the ocean pales, or sky inclips. Shak.
INCLOISTER,To confine as in a cloister; to cloister. Lovelace.
INCLOSER,One who, or that which, incloses; one who fences off land fromcommon
grounds.
INCLOUD,To envelop as in clouds; to darken; to obscure. Milton.
INCLUDED,Inclosed; confined. Included stamens (Bot.), such as areshorter than the
floral envelopes, or are concealed within them.
INCLUDIBLE,Capable of being included.
INCLUSA,A tribe of bivalve mollusks, characterized by the closed stateof the mantle
which envelops the body. The ship borer (Teredonavalis) is an example.
INCLUSION,A foreign substance, either liquid or solid, usually of minutesize,
inclosed in the mass of a mineral.
INCLUSIVELY,In an inclusive manner.
INCOACH,To put a coach.
INCOAGULABLE,Not coagulable.
INCOALESCENCE,The state of not coalescing.
INCOCTED,Raw; indigestible. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INCOERCIBLE,Not capable of being reduced to the form of a liquid bypressure; --
said of any gas above its critical point; -- alsoparticularly of oxygen, hydrogen,
nitrogen, and carbon monoxide,formerly regarded as incapable of liquefaction at any
temperature orpressure.
INCOEXISTENCE,The state of not coexisting. [Obs.] Locke.
INCOG,Incognito. [Colloq.]Depend upon it -- he'll remain incog. Addison.
INCOGITABLE,Not cogitable; inconceivable. Sir T. More.
INCOGITANT,Toughtless; inconsiderate. [R.] Milton.Men are careless and incogitant.
J. Goodman.
INCOGITANTLY,In an incogitant manner.
INCOGITATIVE,Not cogitative; not thinking; wanting the power of thought; as,a
vegetable is an incogitative being. Locke.
INCOGITATIVITY,The quality of being incogitative; want of thought or of thepower of
thinking. Wollaston.
INCOGNITANT,Ignorant. [Obs.]
INCOGNITO,Without being known; in disguise; in an assumed character, orunder an
assumed title; -- said esp. of great personages whosometimes adopt a disguise or an
assumed character in order to avoidnotice.'T was long ago Since gods come down
incognito. Prior.The prince royal of Persia came thither incognito. Tatler.
INCOGNIZABLE,Not cognizable; incapable of being recognized, known, ordistinguished.
H. Spenser.The Lettish race, not a primitive stock of the Slavi, but a
distinctbranch, now become incognizable. Tooke.
INCOGNIZANCE,Failure to cognize, apprehended, or notice.This incognizance may be
explained. Sir W. Hamilton.
INCOGNIZANT,Not cognizant; failing to apprehended or notice.Of the several
operations themselves, as acts of volition, we arewholly incognizant. Sir W.
Hamilton.
INCOGNOSCIBLE,Incognizable.-- In`cog*nos"ci*bil"i*ty, n.
INCOHERENTIFIC,Causing incoherence. [R.]
INCOHERENTLY,In an incoherent manner; without due connection of parts.
INCOHERENTNESS,Incoherence.
INCOINCIDENCE,The quality of being incoincident; want of coincidence. [R.]
INCOINCIDENT,Not coincident; not agreeing in time, in place, or principle.
INCOLUMITY,Safety; security. [Obs.] Howell.
INCOMBER,See Encumber.
INCOMBINE,To be incapable of combining; to disagree; to differ. [Obs.]Milton.
INCOMBUSTIBILITY,The quality of being incombustible.
INCOMBUSTIBLE,Not combustible; not capable of being burned, decomposed, orconsumed
by fire; uninflammable; as, asbestus is an incombustiblesubstance; carbon dioxide
is an incombustible gas. Incombustiblecloth, a tissue of amianthus or asbestus;
also, a fabric imbued withan incombustible substance.-- In`com*bus"ti*ble*ness,
n.-- In`com*bus"ti*bly, adv.
INCOME,That which is taken into the body as food; the ingesta; --sometimes
restricted to the nutritive, or digestible, portion of thefood. See Food. Opposed
to output. Income bond, a bond issued on theincome of the corporation or company
issuing it, and the interest ofwhich is to be paid from the earnings of the company
before anydividends are made to stockholders; -- issued chiefly or exclusivelyby
railroad companies.-- Income tax, a tax upon a person's incomes, emoluments,
profits,etc., or upon the excess beyond a certain amount.
INCOMITY,Want of comity; incivility; rudeness. [R.]
INCOMMENSURABILITY,The quality or state of being incommensurable. Reid.
INCOMMENSURABLE,Not commensurable; having no common measure or standard
ofcomparison; as, quantities are incommensurable when no third quantitycan be found
that is an aliquot part of both; the side and diagonalof a square are
incommensurable with each other; the diameter andcircumference of a circle are
incommensurable.They are quantities incommensurable. Burke.--
In`com*men"su*ra*ble*ness, n.-- In`com*men"su*ra*bly, adv.
INCOMMISCIBLE,Not commiscible; not mixable.
INCOMMIXTURE,A state of being unmixed; separateness. Sir T. Browne.
INCOMMODATE,To incommode. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INCOMMODATION,The state of being incommoded; inconvenience. [Obs.]
INCOMMODE,To give inconvenience or trouble to; to disturb or molest; todiscommode;
to worry; to put out; as, we are incommoded by want ofroom.
INCOMMODEMENT,The act of incommoded. [Obs.] Cheyne.
INCOMMODIOUS,Tending to incommode; not commodious; not affording ease oradvantage;
unsuitable; giving trouble; inconvenient; annoying; as, anincommodious seat; an
incommodious arrangement.-- In`com*mo"di*ous*ly, adv.-- In`com*mo"di*ous*ness, n.
INCOMMODITY,Inconvenience; trouble; annoyance; disadvantage; encumbrance.[Archaic]
Bunyan.A great incommodity to the body. Jer. Taylor.Buried him under a bulk of
incommodities. Hawthorne.
INCOMMUNICABILITY,The quality or state of being incommunicable, or incapable
ofbeing imparted.
INCOMMUNICABLE,Not communicable; incapable of being communicated, shared,told, or
imparted, to others.Health and understanding are incommunicable. Southey.Those
incommunicable relations of the divine love. South.-- In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble*ness,
n.-- In`com*mu"ni*ca*bly, adv.
INCOMMUNICATED,Not communicated or imparted. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
INCOMMUNICATING,Having no communion or intercourse with each other. [Obs.] SirM.
Hale.
INCOMMUNICATIVE,Not communicative; not free or apt to impart to others
inconversation; reserved; silent; as, the messenger wasincommunicative; hence, not
disposed to hold fellowship orintercourse with others; exclusive.The Chinese . . .
an incommunicative nation. C. Buchanan.-- In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ly, adv.--
In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ness, n. Lamb.His usual incommunicativeness. G. Eliot.
INCOMMUTABILITY,The quality or state of being incommutable.
INCOMMUTABLE,Not commutable; not capable of being exchanged with, orsubstituted
for, another. Cudworth.-- In`com*mut"a*ble*ness, n.-- In`com*mut"a*bly, adv.
INCOMPARABLE,Not comparable; admitting of no comparison with others;unapproachably
eminent; without a peer or equal; matchless; peerless;transcendent.A merchant of
incomparable wealth. Shak.A new hypothesis . . . which hath the incomparable Sir
Isaac Newtonfor a patron. Bp. Warburton.-- In*com"pa*ra*ble*ness, n.--
In*com"pa*ra*bly, adv.Delights incomparably all those corporeal things. Bp.
Wilkins.
INCOMPARED,Peerless; incomparable. [Obs.] Spenser.
INCOMPASS,See Encompass.
INCOMPASSION,Want of compassion or pity. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
INCOMPASSIONATE,Not compassionate; void of pity or of tenderness; remorseless.--
In`com*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv.-- In`com*pas"sion*ate*ness, n.
INCOMPATIBILITY,The quality or state of being incompatible;
inconsistency;irreconcilableness.
INCOMPATIBLE,Incapable of being together without mutual reaction ordecomposition,
as certain medicines. Incompatible terms (Logic),terms which can not be combined in
thought.
INCOMPATIBLENESS,The quality or state of being incompatible; incompatibility.
INCOMPATIBLY,In an incompatible manner; inconsistently; incongruously.
INCOMPETENT,Wanting the legal or constitutional qualifications;inadmissible; as, a
person professedly wanting in religious belief isan incompetent witness in a court
of law or equity; incompetentevidence.Richard III. had a resolution, out of hatred
to his brethren, todisable their issues, upon false and incompetent pretexts, the
one ofattainder, the other of illegitimation. Bacon.
INCOMPETENTLY,In an competent manner; inadequately; unsuitably.
INCOMPETIBILITY,See Incompatibility.
INCOMPETIBLE,See Incompatible.
INCOMPLETE,Wanting any of the usual floral organs; -- said of a flower.Incomplete
equation (Alg.), an equation some of whose terms arewanting; or one in which the
coefficient of some one or more of thepowers of the unknown quantity is equal to 0.
INCOMPLETELY,In an incomplete manner.
INCOMPLETENESS,The state of being incomplete; imperfectness; defectiveness.Boyle.
INCOMPLETION,Want of completion; incompleteness. Smart.
INCOMPLEX,Not complex; uncompounded; simple. Barrow.
INCOMPLIABLE,Not compliable; not conformable.
INCOMPLIANT,Not compliant; unyielding to request, solicitation, or
command;stubborn.-- In`com*pli"ant*ly, adv.
INCOMPOSED,Disordered; disturbed. [Obs.] Milton.-- In`com*po"sed*ly, adv. [Obs.] --
In`com*pos"ed*ness, n. [Obs.]
INCOMPOSITE,Not composite; uncompounded; simple. Incomposite numbers. SeePrime
numbers, under Prime.
INCOMPOSSIBLE,Not capable of joint existence; incompatible; inconsistent.
[Obs.]Ambition and faith . . . are . . . incompossible. Jer. Taylor.--
In`com*pos`si*bil"i*ty, n. [Obs.]
INCOMPREHENSE,Incomprehensible. [Obs.] "Incomprehense in virtue." Marston.
INCOMPREHENSIBILITY,The quality of being incomprehensible, or beyond the reach
ofhuman intellect; incomprehensibleness; inconceivability;inexplicability.The
constant, universal sense of all antiquity unanimously confessingan
incomprehensibility in many of the articles of the Christianfaith. South.
INCOMPREHENSION,Want of comprehension or understanding. "These mazes
andincomprehensions." Bacon.
INCOMPREHENSIVE,Not comprehensive; not capable of including or ofunderstanding; not
extensive; limited.-- In*com`pre*hen"sive*ly, a. Sir W. Hamilton.--
In*com`pre*hen"sive*ness, n. T. Warton.
INCOMPRESSIBILITY,The quality of being incompressible, or incapable of reductionin
volume by pressure; -- formerly supposed to be a property ofliquids.The
incompressibility of water is not absolute. Rees.
INCOMPRESSIBLE,Not compressible; incapable of being reduced by force orpressure
into a smaller compass or volume; resisting compression; as,many liquids and solids
appear to be almost incompressible.-- In`com*press"i*ble*ness, n.
INCOMPUTABLE,Not computable.
INCONCEALABLE,Not concealable. "Inconcealable imperfections." Sir T. Browne.
INCONCEIVABILITY,The quality of being inconceivable; inconceivableness.The
inconceivability of the Infinite. Mansel.
INCONCEIVABLE,Not conceivable; incapable of being conceived by the mind;
notexplicable by the human intellect, or by any known principles oragencies;
incomprehensible; as, it is inconceivable to us how thewill acts in producing
muscular motion.It is inconceivable to me that a spiritual substance should
representan extended figure. Locke.-- In`con*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n.--
In`con*ceiv"a*bly, adv.The inconceivableness of a quality existing without any
subject topossess it. A. Tucker.
INCONCEPTIBLE,Inconceivable. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
INCONCERNING,Unimportant; trifling. [Obs.] "Trifling and inconcerningmatters."
Fuller.
INCONCINNE,Dissimilar; incongruous; unsuitable. [Obs.] Cudworth.
INCONCINNITY,Want of concinnity or congruousness; unsuitableness.There is an
inconcinnity in admitting these words. Trench.
INCONCINNOUS,Not concinnous; unsuitable; discordant. [Obs.] Cudworth.
INCONCLUDENT,Not inferring a conclusion or consequence; not conclusive.[Obs.]
INCONCLUDING,Inferring no consequence. [Obs.]
INCONCLUSIVE,Not conclusive; leading to no conclusion; not closing orsettling a
point in debate, or a doubtful question; as, evidence isinconclusive when it does
not exhibit the truth of a disputed case insuch a manner as to satisfy the mind,
and put an end to debate ordoubt.Arguments . . . inconclusive and impertinent.
South.-- In`con*clu"sive*ly, adv.-- In`con*clu"sive*ness, n.
INCONCOCT,Inconcocted. [Obs.]
INCONCOCTED,Imperfectly digested, matured, or ripened. [Obs.] Bacon.
INCONCOCTION,The state of being undigested; unripeness; immaturity. [Obs.]Bacon.
INCONCRETE,Not concrete. [R.] L. Andrews.
INCONCURRING,Not concurring; disagreeing. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INCONCUSSIBLE,Not concussible; that cannot be shaken.
INCONDITE,Badly put together; inartificial; rude; unpolished; irregular."Carol
incondite rhymes." J. Philips.
INCONDITIONAL,Unconditional. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INCONDITIONATE,Not conditioned; not limited; absolute. [Obs.] Boyle.
INCONFORM,Unconformable. [Obs.] Gauden.
INCONFORMABLE,Unconformable. [Obs.]
INCONFORMITY,Want of conformity; nonconformity. [Obs.]
INCONFUSED,Not confused; distinct. [Obs.]
INCONFUSION,Freedom from confusion; distinctness. [Obs.] Bacon.
INCONFUTABLE,Not confutable.-- In`con*fut"a*bly, adv. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
INCONGEALABLE,Not congealable; incapable of being congealed.--
In`con*geal"a*ble*ness, n.
INCONGENIAL,Not congenial; uncongenial. [R.] -- In`con*ge`ni*al"i*ty. [R.]
INCONGRUENCE,Want of congruence; incongruity. Boyle.
INCONGRUENT,Incongruous. Sir T. Elyot.
INCONGRUOUS,Not congruous; reciprocally disagreeing; not capable ofharmonizing or
readily assimilating; inharmonious; inappropriate;unsuitable; not fitting;
inconsistent; improper; as, an incongruousremark; incongruous behavior, action,
dress, etc. "Incongruousmixtures of opinions." I. Taylor. "Made up of incongruous
parts."Macaulay.Incongruous denotes that kind of absence of harmony or
suitablenessof which the taste and experience of men takes cognizance. C.
J.Smith.Incongruous numbers (Arith.), two numbers, which, with respect to athird,
are such that their difference can not be divided by itwithout a remainder, the two
numbers being said to be incongruouswith respect to the third; as, twenty-five are
incongruous withrespect to four.
INCONNECTED,Not connected; disconnected. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
INCONNECTION,Disconnection.
INCONNEXEDLY,Not connectedly; without connection. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INCONSCIONABLE,Unconscionable. [Obs.] Spenser.
INCONSCIOUS,Unconscious. [Obs.]
INCONSECUTIVENESS,The state or quality of not being consecutive. J. H. Newman.
INCONSEQUENCE,The quality or state of being inconsequent; want of just orlogical
inference or argument; inconclusiveness. Bp. Stillingfleet.Strange, that you should
not see the inconsequence of your ownreasoning! Bp. Hurd.
INCONSEQUENT,Not following from the premises; not regularly inferred;invalid; not
characterized by logical method; illogical; arbitrary;inconsistent; of no
consequence.Loose and inconsequent conjectures. Sir T. Browne.
INCONSEQUENTIAL,Not regularly following from the premises; hence,
irrelevant;unimportant; of no consequence. Chesterfield.-- In*con`se*quen"tial*ly,
adv.
INCONSEQUENTIALITY,The state of being inconsequential.
INCONSEQUENTNESS,Inconsequence.
INCONSIDERABLE,Not considerable; unworthy of consideration or notice;unimportant;
small; trivial; as, an inconsiderable distance; aninconsiderable quantity, degree,
value, or sum. "The baser scum andinconsiderable dregs of Rome." Stepney.--
In`con*sid"er*a*ble*ness, n.-- In`con*sid"er*a*bly, adv.
INCONSIDERACY,Inconsiderateness; thoughtlessness. [Obs.] Chesterfield.
INCONSIDERATELY,In an inconsiderate manner.
INCONSIDERATENESS,The quality or state of being inconsiderate. Tillotson.
INCONSIDERATION,Want of due consideration; inattention to
consequences;inconsiderateness.Blindness of mind, inconsideration, precipitation.
Jer. Taylor.Not gross, willful, deliberate, crimes; but rather the effects
ofinconsideration. Sharp.
INCONSISTENCE,Inconsistency.
INCONSISTENTLY,In an inconsistent manner.
INCONSISTENTNESS,Inconsistency. [R.]
INCONSISTING,Inconsistent. [Obs.]
INCONSOLABLE,Not consolable; incapable of being consoled; grieved
beyondsusceptibility of comfort; disconsolate. Dryden.With inconsolable distress
she griev'd, And from her cheek the roseof beauty fied. Falconer.--
In`con*sol"a*ble*ness, n.-- In`con*sol"a*bly, adv.
INCONSONANT,Not consonant or agreeing; inconsistent; discordant.--
In*con"so*nant*ly, adv.
INCONSPICUOUS,Not conspicuous or noticeable; hardly discernible.--
In`con*spic"u*ous*ly, adv.-- In`con*spic"u*ous*ness, n. Boyle.
INCONSTANCE,Inconstancy. Chaucer.
INCONSTANCY,The quality or state of being inconstant; want of constancy;mutability;
fickleness; variableness.For unto knight there was no greater shame, Than lightness
andinconstancie in love. Spenser.
INCONSTANT,Not constant; not stable or uniform; subject to change ofcharacter,
appearance, opinion, inclination, or purpose, etc.; notfirm; unsteady; fickle;
changeable; variable; -- said of persons orthings; as, inconstant in love or
friendship. "The inconstant moon."Shak.While we, inquiring phantoms of a day,
Inconstant as the shadows wesurvey! Boyse.
INCONSTANTLY,In an inconstant manner.
INCONSUMABLE,Not consumable; incapable of being consumed, wasted, or spent.Paley.--
In`con*sum"a*bly, adv.
INCONSUMMATE,Not consummated; not finished; incomplete. Sir M. Hale.--
In`con*sum"mate*ness, n.
INCONSUMPTIBLE,Inconsumable. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
INCONTAMINATE,Not contaminated; pure. Moore.-- In`con*tam"i*nate*ness, n.
INCONTENTATION,Discontent. [Obs.] Goodwin.
INCONTESTABILITY,The quality or state of being incontestable.
INCONTESTABLE,Not contestable; not to be disputed; that cannot be called inquestion
or controverted; incontrovertible; indisputable; as,incontestable evidence, truth,
or facts. Locke.
INCONTESTED,Not contested. Addison.
INCONTIGUOUS,Not contiguous; not adjoining or in contact; separate. Boyle.--
In`con*tig"u*ous*ly, adv.
INCONTINENT,Unable to restrain natural evacuations.
INCONTRACTED,Uncontracted. [Obs.] Blackwall.
INCONTROLLABLE,Not controllable; uncontrollable.-- In`con*trol"la*bly, adv. South.
INCONTROVERTIBILITY,The state or condition of being incontrovertible.
INCONTROVERTIBLE,Not controvertible; too clear or certain to admit of
dispute;indisputable. Sir T. Browne.-- In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble*ness, n.--
In*con`tro*ver"ti*bly, adv.
INCONVENIENCE,To put to inconvenience; to incommode; as, to inconvenience
aneighbor.
INCONVENIENCY,Inconvenience.
INCONVENIENTLY,In an inconvenient manner; incommodiously; unsuitably;unseasonably.
INCONVERSABLE,Incommunicative; unsocial; reserved. [Obs.]
INCONVERSANT,Not conversant; not acquainted; not versed; unfamiliar.
INCONVERTED,Not turned or changed about. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INCONVERTIBILITY,The quality or state of being inconvertible; not capable ofbeing
exchanged for, or converted into, something else; as, theinconvertibility of an
irredeemable currency, or of lead, into gold.
INCONVERTIBLE,Not convertible; not capable of being transmuted, changed into,or
exchanged for, something else; as, one metal is inconvertible intoanother; bank
notes are sometimes inconvertible into specie. Walsh.
INCONVERTIBLENESS,Inconvertibility.
INCONVERTIBLY,In an inconvertible manner.
INCONVINCIBLE,Not convincible; incapable of being convinced.None are so
inconvincible as your half-witted people. Gov. of theTongue.
INCONVINCIBLY,In a manner not admitting of being convinced.
INCONY,Unlearned; artless; pretty; delicate. [Obs.]Most sweet jests! most incony
vulgar wit! Shak.
INCORONATE,Crowned. [R.] Longfellow.
INCORPORAL,Immaterial; incorporeal; spiritual. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
INCORPORALITY,Incorporeality. [Obs.] Bailey.
INCORPORALLY,Incorporeally. [Obs.]
INCORPORATE,Corporate; incorporated; made one body, or united in one
body;associated; mixed together; combined; embodied.As if our hands, our sides,
voices, and minds Had been incorporate.Shak.A fifteenth part of silver incorporate
with gold. Bacon.
INCORPORATED,United in one body; formed into a corporation; made a legalentity.
INCORPORATIVE,Incorporating or tending to incorporate; as, the
incorporativelanguages (as of the Basques, North American Indians, etc. ) whichrun
a whole phrase into one word.History demonstrates that incorporative unions are
solid andpermanent; but that a federal union is weak. W. Belsham.
INCORPORATOR,One of a number of persons who gets a company incorporated; oneof the
original members of a corporation.
INCORPOREAL,Existing only in contemplation of law; not capable of actualvisible
seizin or possession; not being an object of sense;intangible; -- opposed to
corporeal. Incorporeal hereditament. Seeunder Hereditament.
INCORPOREALISM,Existence without a body or material form; immateriality.Cudworth.
INCORPOREALIST,One who believes in incorporealism. Cudworth.
INCORPOREALITY,The state or quality of being incorporeal or bodiless;immateriality;
incorporealism. G. Eliot.
INCORPOREALLY,In an incorporeal manner. Bacon.
INCORPOREITY,The quality of being incorporeal; immateriality. Berkeley.
INCORPSE,To incorporate. [R.] Shak.
INCORRECTION,Want of correction, restraint, or discipline. [Obs.] Arnway.
INCORRECTLY,Not correctly; inaccurately; not exactly; as, a writingincorrectly
copied; testimony incorrectly stated.
INCORRECTNESS,The quality of being incorrect; want of conformity to truth orto a
standard; inaccuracy; inexactness; as incorrectness may indefect or in redundance.
INCORRESPONDING,Not corresponding; disagreeing. [R.] Coleridge.
INCORRIGIBILITY,The state or quality of being incorrigible.The ingratitude, the
incorrigibility, the strange perverseness . . .of mankind. Barrow.
INCORRIGIBLE,Not corrigible; incapable of being corrected or amended; badbeyond
correction; irreclaimable; as, incorrigible error."Incorrigible fools." Dryden.
INCORRIGIBLENESS,Incorrigibility. Dr. H. More.
INCORRIGIBLY,In an incorrigible manner.
INCORRODIBLE,Incapable of being corroded, consumed, or eaten away.
INCORRUPTED,Uncorrupted. [Obs.]Breathed into their incorrupted breasts. Sir J.
Davies.
INCORRUPTIBILITY,The quality of being incorruptible; incapability of
corruption.Holland.
INCORRUPTIBLE,One of a religious sect which arose in Alexandria, in the reignof the
Emperor Justinian, and which believed that the body of Christwas incorruptible, and
that he suffered hunger, thirst, pain, only inappearance.
INCORRUPTIBLENESS,The quality or state of being incorruptible. Boyle.
INCORRUPTIBLY,In an incorruptible manner.
INCORRUPTION,The condition or quality of being incorrupt or incorruptible;absence
of, or exemption from, corruption.It is sown in corruption; it is raised in
incorruption. 1 Cor. xv.42.The same preservation, or, rather, incorruption, we have
observed inthe flesh of turkeys, capons, etc. Sir T. Browne.
INCORRUPTIVE,Incorruptible; not liable to decay. Akenside.
INCORRUPTLY,Without corruption.To demean themselves incorruptly. Milton.
INCRASSATE,To make thick or thicker; to thicken; especially, in pharmacy,to thicken
(a liquid) by the mixture of another substance, or byevaporating the thinner
parts.Acids dissolve or attenuate; alkalies precipitate or incrassate. SirI.
Newton.Liquors which time hath incrassated into jellies. Sir T. Browne.
INCRASSATIVE,Having the quality of thickening; tending to thicken. Harvey.
INCREASABLE,Capable of being increased. Sherwood.-- In*creas"a*ble*ness, n.An
indefinite increasableness of some of our ideas. Bp. Law.
INCREASE,To become more nearly full; to show more of the surface; towax; as, the
moon increases. Increasing function (Math.), a functionwhose value increases when
that of the variable increases, anddecreases when the latter is diminished.
INCREASEFUL,Full of increase; abundant in produce. "Increaseful crops."[R.] Shak.
INCREASEMENT,Increase. [R.] Bacon.
INCREASER,One who, or that, increases.
INCREASINGLY,More and more.
INCREATE,To create within. [R.]
INCREDIBLE,Not credible; surpassing belief; too extraordinary andimprobable to
admit of belief; unlikely; marvelous; fabulous.Why should it be thought a thing
incredible with you, that God shouldraise the dead Acts xxvi. 8.
INCREDIBLENESS,Incredibility.
INCREDIBLY,In an incredible manner.
INCREDITED,Uncredited. [Obs.]
INCREDULITY,The state or quality of being iOf every species of incredulity,
religious unbelief is the mostirrational. Buckminster.
INCREDULOUSLY,In an incredulous manner; with incredulity.
INCREDULOUSNESS,Incredulity.
INCREMABLE,Incapable of being burnt; incombustibe. Sir T. Browne.
INCREMATE,To consume or reduce to ashes by burning, as a dead body; tocremate.
INCREMATION,Burning; esp., the act of burning a dead body; cremation.
INCREMENT,The increase of a variable quantity or fraction from itspresent value to
its next ascending value; the finite quantity,generally variable, by which a
variable quantity is increased.
INCREMENTAL,Pertaining to, or resulting from, the process of growth; as,the
incremental lines in the dentine of teeth.
INCREPATE,To chide; to rebuke; to reprove. [Obs.]
INCREPATION,A chiding; rebuke; reproof. [Obs.] Hammond.
INCRESCENT,Increasing; on the increase; -- said of the moon represented asthe new
moon, with the points turned toward the dexter side.
INCREST,To adorn with a crest. [R.] Drummond.
INCRIMINATE,To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to criminate.
INCRIMINATION,The act of incriminating; crimination.
INCRIMINATORY,Of or pertaining to crimination; tending to incriminate;criminatory.
INCROYABLE,A French fop or dandy of the time of the Directory; hence, anyfop.
INCRUENTAL,Unbloody; not attended with blood; as, an incruental sacrifice.[Obs.]
Brevint.
INCRUST,To inlay into, as a piece of carving or other ornamentalobject.
INCRUSTATE,Incrusted. Bacon.
INCRUSTATION,A covering or inlaying of marble, mosaic, etc., attached to themasonry
by cramp irons or cement.
INCRUSTMENT,Incrustation. [R.]
INCRYSTALLIZABLE,Not crystallizable; incapable of being formed into crystals.
INCUBATE,To sit, as on eggs for hatching; to brood; to brood upon, orkeep warm, as
eggs, for the purpose of hatching.
INCUBATION,The development of a disease from its causes, or its period
ofincubation. (See below.)
INCUBATIVE,Of or pertaining to incubation, or to the period of incubation.
INCUBATOR,That which incubates, especially, an apparatus by means ofwhich eggs are
hatched by artificial heat.
INCUBATORY,Serving for incubation.
INCUBE,To fix firmly, as in cube; to secure or place firmly. [Obs.]Milton.
INCUBITURE,Incubation. [Obs.] J. Ellis.
INCUBOUS,Having the leaves so placed that the upper part of each onecovers the base
of the leaf next above it, as in hepatic mosses ofthe genus Frullania. See
Succubous.
INCUBUS,The nightmare. See Nightmare.Such as are troubled with incubus, or witch-
ridden, as we call it.Burton.
INCULCATE,To teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions; tourge on
the mind; as, Christ inculcates on his followers humility.The most obvious and
necessary duties of life they have not yet hadauthority enough to enforce and
inculcate upon men's minds. S.Clarke.
INCULCATION,A teaching and impressing by frequent repetitions. Bp. Hall.
INCULCATOR,One who inculcates. Boyle.
INCULK,To inculcate. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
INCULP,To inculpate. [Obs.] Shelton.
INCULPABLE,Faultless; blameless; innocent. South.An innocent and incupable piece of
ignorance. Killingbeck.
INCULPABLENESS,Blamelessness; faultlessness.
INCULPABLY,Blamelessly. South.
INCULPATE,To blame; to impute guilt to; to accuse; to involve orimplicate in
guilt.That risk could only exculpate her and not inculpate them -- theprobabilities
protected them so perfectly. H. James.
INCULPATION,Blame; censure; crimination. Jefferson.
INCULPATORY,Imputing blame; criminatory; compromising; implicating.
INCULT,Untilled; uncultivated; crude; rude; uncivilized.Germany then, says Tacitus,
was incult and horrid, now full ofmagnificent cities. Burton.His style is diffuse
and incult. M. W. Shelley.
INCULTIVATED,Uncultivated. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
INCULTIVATION,Want of cultivation. [Obs.] Berington.
INCULTURE,Want or neglect of cultivation or culture. [Obs.] Feltham.
INCUMBENT,Leaning or resting; -- said of anthers when lying on the innerside of the
filament, or of cotyledons when the radicle lies againstthe back of one of them.
Gray.
INCUMBENTLY,In an incumbent manner; so as to be incumbent.
INCUMBER,See Encumber.
INCUMBITION,Incubation. [R.] Sterne.
INCUMBRANCE,A burden or charge upon property; a claim or lien upon anestate, which
may diminish its value.
INCUMBRANCER,One who holds Kent.
INCUMBROUS,Cumbersome; troublesome. [Written also encombrous.] [Obs.]Chaucer.
INCUNABULUM,A work of art or of human industry, of an early epoch;especially, a
book printed before A. D. 1500.
INCUR,To pass; to enter. [Obs.]Light is discerned by itself because by itself it
incurs into theeye. South.
INCURABILITY,The state of being uncurable; irremediableness. Harvey.
INCURABLE,A person diseased beyond cure.
INCURABLENESS,The state of being incurable; incurability. Boyle.
INCURABLY,In a manner that renders cure impracticable or impossible;irremediably.
"Incurably diseased." Bp. Hall. "Incurably wicked."Blair.
INCURIOSITY,Want of curiosity or interest; inattentiveness; indifference.Sir H.
Wotton.
INCURIOUS,Not curious or inquisitive; without care for or interest in;inattentive;
careless; negligent; heedless.Carelessnesses and incurious deportments toward their
children. Jer.Taylor.
INCURIOUSLY,In an curious manner.
INCURIOUSNESS,Unconcernedness; incuriosity.Sordid incuriousness and slovenly
neglect. Bp. Hall.
INCURRENCE,The act of incurring, bringing on, or subjecting one's self to(something
troublesome or burdensome); as, the incurrence of guilt,debt, responsibility, etc.
INCURRENT,Characterized by a current which flows inward; as, theincurrent orifice
of lamellibranch Mollusca.
INCURSIVE,Making an incursion; invasive; aggressive; hostile.
INCURTAIN,To curtain. [Obs.]
INCURVATE,Curved; bent; crooked. Derham.
INCURVE,To bend; to curve; to make crooked.
INCURVED,Bending gradually toward the axis or center, as branches orpetals.
INCURVITY,A state of being bent or curved; incurvation; a bendinginwards. Sir T.
Browne.
INCUS,One of the small bones in the tympanum of the ear; the anvilbone. See Ear.
INCUSE,Cut or stamped in, or hollowed out by engraving. "Irregularincuse square."
Dr. W. Smith.
INCUTE,To strike or stamp in. [Obs.] Becon.
INCYST,See Encyst.
INCYSTED,See Encysted.
IND,India. [Poetical] Shak. Milton.
INDAGATE,To seek or search out. [Obs.]
INDAGATION,Search; inquiry; investigation. [Obs.]
INDAGATIVE,Searching; exploring; investigating. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
INDAGATOR,A searcher; an explorer; an investigator. [Obs.]Searched into by such
skillful indagators of nature. Boyle.
INDAMAGE,See Endamage. [R.]
INDAMAGED,Not damaged. [Obs.] Milton.
INDART,To pierce, as with a dart.
INDAZOL,A nitrogenous compound, C7H6N2, analogous to indol, andproduced from a
diazo derivative or cinnamic acid.
INDE,Azure-colored; of a bright blue color. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
INDEAR,See Endear.
INDEBT,To bring into debt; to place under obligation; -- chiefly usedin the
participle indebted.Thy fortune hath indebted thee to none. Daniel.
INDEBTMENT,Indebtedness. [R.] Bp. Hall.
INDECENCE,See Indecency. [Obs.] "An indecence of barbarity." Bp. Burnet.
INDECENT,Not decent; unfit to be seen or heard; offensive to modesty anddelicacy;
as, indecent language. Cowper.
INDECENTLY,In an indecent manner.
INDECIDUATE,Having no decidua; nondeciduate.
INDECIDUOUS,Not deciduous or falling, as the leaves of trees in autumn;lasting;
evergreen; persistent; permanent; perennial.The indeciduous and unshaven locks of
Apollo. Sir T. Browne.
INDECIMABLE,Not decimable, or liable to be decimated; not liable to thepayment of
tithes. Cowell.
INDECIPHERABLE,Not decipherable; incapable of being deciphered, explained,
orsolved.-- In`de*ci"pher*a*bly, adv.
INDECISION,Want of decision; want of settled purpose, or of
firmness;indetermination; wavering of mind; irresolution;
vacillation;hesitation.The term indecision . . . implies an idea very nicely
different fromirresolution; yet it has a tendency to produce it.
Shenstone.Indecision . . . is the natural accomplice of violence. Burke.
INDECISIVELY,Without decision.
INDECISIVENESS,The state of being indecisive; unsettled state.
INDECLINABLE,Not declinable; not varied by inflective terminations; as,nihil
(nothing), in Latin, is an indeclinable noun.-- n.
INDECLINABLY,Without variation of termination.
INDECOMPOSABLE,Not decomposable; incapable or difficult of decomposition;
notresolvable into its constituents or elements.
INDECOMPOSABLENESS,Incapableness of decomposition; stability;
permanence;durability.
INDECOROUS,Not decorous; violating good manners; contrary to good breedingor
etiquette; unbecoming; improper; out of place; as, indecorousconduct.It was useless
and indecorous to attempt anything more by merestruggle. Burke.
INDECOROUSLY,In an indecorous manner.
INDECOROUSNESS,The quality of being indecorous; want of decorum.
INDEED,In reality; in truth; in fact; verily; truly; -- used in avariety of sense.
Esp.: (a) Denoting emphasis; as, indeed it is so.(b) Denoting concession or
admission; as, indeed, you are right. (c)Denoting surprise; as, indeed, is it you
Its meaning is not intrinsicor fixed, but depends largely on the form of expression
which itaccompanies.
INDEFATIGABILITY,The state of being indefatigable.
INDEFATIGABLE,Incapable of being fatigued; not readily exhausted; unremittingin
labor or effort; untiring; unwearying; not yielding to fatigue;as, indefatigable
exertions, perseverance, application. "A constant,indefatigable attendance."
South.Upborne with indefatigable wings. Milton.
INDEFATIGABLENESS,Indefatigable quality; unweariedness; persistency. Parnell.
INDEFATIGABLY,Without weariness; without yielding to fatigue; persistently.Dryden.
INDEFATIGATION,Indefatigableness; unweariedness. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
INDEFEASIBILITY,The quality of being undefeasible.
INDEFEASIBLE,Not to be defeated; not defeasible; incapable of being annulledor made
void; as, an indefeasible or title.That the king had a divine and an indefeasible
right to the regalpower. Macaulay.
INDEFECTIBILITY,The quality of being indefectible. Barrow.
INDEFECTIBLE,Not defectible; unfailing; not liable to defect, failure, ordecay.An
indefectible treasure in the heavens. Barrow.A state of indefectible virtue and
happiness. S. Clarke.
INDEFECTIVE,Not defective; perfect; complete. "Absolute, indefectiveobedience."
South.
INDEFEISIBLE,Indefeasible. [Obs.]
INDEFENSIBILITY,The quality or state of not being defensible. Walsh.
INDEFENSIBLE,Not defensible; not capable of being defended, maintained,vindicated,
or justified; unjustifiable; untenable; as, anindefensible fortress, position,
cause, etc.Men find that something can be said in favor of what, on the
veryproposal, they thought utterly indefensible. Burke.
INDEFENSIBLY,In an indefensible manner.
INDEFENSIVE,Defenseless. [Obs.]The sword awes the indefensive villager. Sir T.
Herbert.
INDEFICIENCY,The state or quality of not being deficient. [Obs.] Strype.
INDEFICIENT,Not deficient; full. [Obs.]Brighter than the sun, and indeficient as
the light of heaven. Jer.Taylor.
INDEFINABLE,Incapable of being defined or described; inexplicable. Bp.Reynolds.
INDEFINABLY,In an indefinable manner.
INDEFINITE,Too numerous or variable to make a particular enumerationimportant; --
said of the parts of a flower, and the like. Also,indeterminate. Indefinite article
(Gram.), the word a or an, usedwith nouns to denote any one of a common or general
class.-- Indefinite inflorescence. (Bot.) See Indeterminate inflorescence,under
Indeterminate.-- Indefinite proposition (Logic), a statement whose subject is
acommon term, with nothing to indicate distribution ornondistribution; as, Man is
mortal.-- Indefinite term (Logic), a negative term; as, the not-good.
INDEFINITELY,In an indefinite manner or degree; without any settledlimitation;
vaguely; not with certainty or exactness; as, to use aword indefinitely.If the
world be indefinitely extended, that is, so far as no humanintellect can fancy any
bound of it. Ray.
INDEFINITENESS,The quality of being indefinite.
INDEFINITUDE,Indefiniteness; vagueness; also, number or quantity not limitedby our
understanding, though yet finite. [Obs.] Sir M . Hale.
INDEHISCENCE,The property or state of being indehiscent.
INDEHISCENT,Remaining closed at maturity, or not opening along regularlines, as the
acorn, or a cocoanut.
INDELECTABLE,Not delectable; unpleasant; disagreeable. [R.] Richardson.
INDELIBERATE,Done without deliberation; unpremeditated. [Obs.]
--In`de*lib"er*ate*ly, adv. [Obs.]
INDELIBERATED,Indeliberate. [Obs.]
INDELIBILITY,The quality of being indelible. Bp. Horsley.
INDELICACY,The quality of being indelicate; want of delicacy, or of a nicesense of,
or regard for, purity, propriety, or refinement in manners,language, etc.;
rudeness; coarseness; also, that which is offensiveto refined taste or purity of
mind.The indelicacy of English comedy. Blair.Your papers would be chargeable with
worse than indelicacy; theywould be immoral. Addison.
INDELICATE,Not delicate; wanting delicacy; offensive to good manners, orto purity
of mind; coarse; rude; as, an indelicate word orsuggestion; indelicate behavior.
Macaulay.-- In*del"i*cate*ly, adv.
INDEMONSTRABILITY,The quality of being indemonstrable.
INDEMONSTRABLE,Incapable of being demonstrated.-- In`de*mon"stra*ble*ness, n.
INDENIZATION,The act of naturalizing; endenization. [R.] Evelyn.
INDENIZE,To naturalize. [R.]
INDENIZEN,To invest with the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize. [R.]Words
indenizened, and commonly used as English. B. Jonson.
INDENT,To bind out by indenture or contract; to indenture; toapprentice; as, to
indent a young man to a shoemaker; to indent aservant.
INDENTED,Notched like the part of a saw consisting of the teeth;serrated; as, an
indented border or ordinary.
INDENTEDLY,With indentations.
INDENTING,Indentation; an impression like that made by a tooth.
INDENTION,Same as Indentation, 4.
INDENTMENT,Indenture. [Obs.]
INDENTURE,A mutual agreement in writing between two or more parties,whereof each
party has usually a counterpart or duplicate; sometimesin the pl., a short form for
indentures of apprenticeship, thecontract by which a youth is bound apprentice to a
master.The law is the best expositor of the gospel; they are like a pair
ofindentures: they answer in every part. C. Leslie.
INDEPENDENCE DAY,In the United States, a holiday, the 4th of July, commemoratingthe
adoption of the Declaration of Independence on that day in 1776.
INDEPENDENCY,Doctrine and polity of the Independents.
INDEPENDENT,Belonging or pertaining to, or holding to the doctrines ormethods of,
the Independents.
INDEPENDENTISM,Independency; the church system of Independents. Bp. Gauden.
INDEPENDENTLY,In an independent manner; without control.
INDEPOSABLE,Incapable of being deposed. [R.]Princes indeposable by the pope. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
INDEPRAVATE,Undepraved. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).
INDEPRECABLE,Incapable or undeserving of being deprecated. Cockeram.
INDEPREHENSIBLE,Incapable of being found out. Bp. Morton.
INDEPRIVABLE,Incapable of being deprived, or of being taken away.
INDESCRIBABLE,Incapable of being described.-- In`de*scrib"a*bly, adv.
INDESCRIPTIVE,Not descriptive.
INDESERT,Ill desert. [R.] Addison.
INDESINENT,Not ceasing; perpetual. [Obs.] Baxter.-- In*des"i*nent*ly, adv. [Obs.]
Ray.
INDESIRABLE,Undesirable.
INDESTRUCTIBILITY,The quality of being indestructible.
INDESTRUCTIBLE,Not destructible; incapable of decomposition or of beingdestroyed.--
In`de*struc"ti*ble*ness, n.-- In`de*struc"ti*bly, adv.
INDETERMINABLE,Not determinable; impossible to be determined; not to bedefinitely
known, ascertained, defined, or limited.-- In`de*ter"mi*na*bly, adv.
INDETERMINATE,Not determinate; not certain or fixed; indefinite; not precise;as, an
indeterminate number of years. Paley. Indeterminate analysis(Math.), that branch of
analysis which has for its object thesolution of indeterminate problems.--
Indeterminate coefficients (Math.), coefficients arbitrarilyassumed for convenience
of calculation, or to facilitate someartifice of analysis. Their values are
subsequently determined.-- Indeterminate equation (Math.), an equation in which the
unknownquantities admit of an infinite number of values, or sets of values.A group
of equations is indeterminate when it contains more unknownquantities than there
are equations.-- Indeterminate inflorescence (Bot.), a mode of inflorescence
inwhich the flowers all arise from axillary buds, the terminal budgoing on to grow
and sometimes continuing the stem indefinitely; --called also acropetal, botryose,
centripetal, and indefiniteinflorescence. Gray.-- Indeterminate problem (Math.), a
problem which admits of aninfinite number of solutions, or one in which there are
fewer imposedconditions than there are unknown or required results.-- Indeterminate
quantity (Math.), a quantity which has no fixedvalue, but which may be varied in
accordance with any proposedcondition.-- Indeterminate series (Math.), a series
whose terms proceed by thepowers of an indeterminate quantity, sometimes also
withindeterminate exponents, or indeterminate coefficients.-- In`de*ter"mi*nate*ly
adv.-- In`de*ter"mi*nate*ness, n.
INDETERMINED,Undetermined.
INDEVIRGINATE,Not devirginate. [Obs.] Chapman.
INDEVOTE,Not devoted. [Obs.] Bentley. Clarendon.
INDEVOTION,Want of devotion; impiety; irreligion. "An age of indevotion."Jer.
Taylor.
INDEVOUT,Not devout.-- In*de*vout"ly, adv.
INDEW,To indue. [Obs.] Spenser.
INDEX,The second digit, that next pollex, in the manus, or hand; theforefinger;
index finger.
INDEXER,One who makes an index.
INDEXICAL,Of, pertaining to, or like, an index; having the form of anindex.
INDEXICALLY,In the manner of an index.
INDEXTERITY,Want of dexterity or readiness, especially in the use of thehands;
clumsiness; awkwardness. Harvey.
INDIA RUBBER,. See Caoutchouc.
INDIA STEEL,Same as Wootz.
INDIA,A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither andFarther India; in
a restricted sense, Hither India, or Hindostan.India ink, a nearly black pigment
brought chiefly from China, usedfor water colors. It is in rolls, or in square, and
consists oflampblack or ivory black and animal glue. Called also China ink. Thetrue
India ink is sepia. See Sepia.-- India matting, floor matting made in China, India,
etc., fromgrass and reeds; -- also called Canton, or China, matting.-- India paper,
a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not glossysurface, used for printing from
engravings, woodcuts, etc.-- India proof (Engraving), a proof impression from an
engravedplate, taken on India paper.-- India rubber. See Caoutchouc.-- India-rubber
tree (Bot.), any tree yielding caoutchouc, butespecially the East Indian Ficus
elastica, often cultivated for itslarge, shining, elliptical leaves.
INDIADEM,To place or set in a diadem, as a gem or gems.
INDIAMAN,A large vessel in the India trade. Macaulay.
INDIANEER,An Indiaman.
INDICAL,Indexical. [R.] Fuller.
INDICAN,A glucoside obtained from woad (indigo plant) and other plants,as a yellow
or light brown sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, adecomposes or drying. By the
action of acids, ferments, etc., itbreaks down into sugar and indigo. It is the
source of naturalindigo.
INDICANT,Serving to point out, as a remedy; indicating.
INDICATE,To show or manifest by symptoms; to point to as the properremedies; as,
great prostration of strength indicates the use ofstimulants.
INDICATED,Shown; denoted; registered; measured. Indicated power. SeeIndicated horse
power, under Horse power.
INDICATION,Any symptom or occurrence in a disease, which serves to directto
suitable remedies.
INDICATIVE,Suggestive; representing the whole by a part, as a fleet by aship, a
forest by a tree, etc. Indicative mood (Gram.), that mood orform of the verb which
indicates, that is, which simply affirms ordenies or inquires; as, he writes; he is
not writing; has the mailarrived
INDICATIVELY,In an indicative manner; in a way to show or signify.
INDICATOR,A pressure gauge; a water gauge, as for a steam boiler; anapparatus or
instrument for showing the working of a machine ormoving part; as:(a) (Steam
Engine) An instrument which draws a diagram showing thevarying pressure in the
cylinder of an engine or pump at every pointof the stroke. It consists of a small
cylinder communicating with theengine cylinder and fitted with a piston which the
varying pressuredrives upward more or less against the resistance of a spring.
Alever imparts motion to a pencil which traces the diagram on a cardwrapped around
a vertical drum which is turned back and forth by astring connected with the piston
rod of the engine. See Indicatorcard (below).(b) A telltale connected with a
hoisting machine, to show, at thesurface, the position of the cage in the shaft of
a mine, etc.
INDICATORY,Serving to show or make known; showing; indicative; signifying;implying.
INDICATRIX,A certain conic section supposed to be drawn in the tangentplane to any
surface, and used to determine the accidents ofcurvature of the surface at the
point of contact. The curve issimilar to the intersection of the surface with a
parallel to thetangent plane and indefinitely near it. It is an ellipse when
thecurvature is synclastic, and an hyperbola when the curvature isanticlastic.
INDICAVIT,A writ of prohibition against proceeding in the spiritual courtin certain
cases, when the suit belongs to the common-law courts.Wharton (Law Dict. ).
INDICE,Index; indication. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
INDICES,See Index.
INDICIA,Discriminating marks; signs; tokens; indications; appearances.Burrill.
INDICIBLE,Unspeakable. [Obs.]
INDICOLITE,A variety of tourmaline of an indigo-blue color.
INDICT,To charge with a crime, in due form of law, by the finding orpresentment of
a grand jury; to find an indictment against; as, toindict a man for arson. It is
the peculiar province of a grand juryto indict, as it is of a house of
representatives to impeach.
INDICTABLE,Capable of being, or liable to be, indicted; subject toindictment; as,
an indictable offender or offense.
INDICTEE,A person indicted.
INDICTER,One who indicts.
INDICTIVE,Proclaimed; declared; public. Kennet.
INDICTMENT,The formal statement of an offense, as framed by theprosecuting
authority of the State, and found by the grand jury.
INDICTOR,One who indicts. Bacon.
INDIES,A name designating the East Indies, also the West Indies.Our king has all
the Indies in his arms. Shak.
INDIFFERENCY,Absence of interest in, or influence from, anything;unconcernedness;
equilibrium; indifferentism; indifference.Gladstone.To give ourselves to a
detestable indifferency or neutrality in thiscause. Fuller.Moral liberty . . . does
not, after all, consist in a power ofindifferency, or in a power of choosing
without regard to motives.Hazlitt.
INDIFFERENT,Free from bias or prejudice; impartial; unbiased;disinterested.In
choice of committees for ripening business for the counsel, it isbetter indifferent
persons than to make an indifferency by putting inthose that are strong on both
sides. Bacon.Indifferent tissue (Anat.), the primitive, embryonic,undifferentiated
tissue, before conversion into connective, muscular,nervous, or other definite
tissue.
INDIFFERENTISM,Same as Identism.
INDIFFERENTIST,One governed by indifferentism.
INDIFFERENTLY,In an indifferent manner; without distinction or
preference;impartially; without concern, wish, affection, or aversion;tolerably;
passably.That they may truly and indifferently minister justice, to thepunishment
of wickedness and vice, and to the maintenance of thy truereligion, and virtue.
Book of Com. Prayer [Eng. Ed. ]Set honor in one eye and death i' the other, And I
will look on bothindifferently. Shak.I hope it may indifferently entertain your
lordship at an unbendinghour. Rowe.
INDIFULVIN,A reddish resinous substance, obtained from indican.
INDIFUSCIN,A brown amorphous powder, obtained from indican.
INDIGEEN,Same as Indigene. Darwin.
INDIGENCE,The condition of being indigent; want of estate, or means ofcomfortable
subsistence; penury; poverty; as, helpless, indigence.Cowper.
INDIGENCY,Indigence.New indigencies founded upon new desires. South.
INDIGENE,One born in a country; an aboriginal animal or plant; anautochthon.
Evelyn. Tylor.
INDIGENTLY,In an indigent manner.
INDIGEST,Crude; unformed; unorganized; undigested. [Obs.] "A chaos rudeand
indigest." W. Browne. "Monsters and things indigest." Shak.
INDIGESTEDNESS,The state or quality of being undigested; crudeness. Bp.Burnet.
INDIGESTIBILITY,The state or quality of being indigestible; indigestibleness.
INDIGESTION,Lack of proper digestive action; a failure of the normalchanges which
food should undergo in the alimentary canal; dyspepsia;incomplete or difficult
digestion.
INDIGITATE,To communicative ideas by the fingers; to show or compute bythe fingers.
[Obs.]
INDIGITATION,The act of pointing out as with the finger; indication. [Obs.]Dr. H.
More.
INDIGLUCIN,The variety of sugar (glucose) obtained from the glucosideindican. It is
unfermentable, but reduces Fehling's solution.
INDIGN,Unworthy; undeserving; disgraceful; degrading. Chaucer.Counts it scorn to
draw Comfort indign from any meaner thing. Trench.
INDIGNANT,Affected with indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feelingwrath, as
when a person is exasperated by unworthy or unjusttreatment, by a mean action, or
by a degrading accusation.He strides indignant, and with haughty cries To single
fight thefairy prince defies. Tickell.
INDIGNANTLY,In an indignant manner.
INDIGNIFY,To treat disdainfully or with indignity; to contemn. [Obs.]Spenser.
INDIGNITY,Any action toward another which manifests contempt for him; anoffense
against personal dignity; unmerited contemptuous treatment;contumely; incivility or
injury, accompanied with insult.How might a prince of my great hopes forget So
great indignities youlaid upon me Shak.A person of so great place and worth
constrained to endure so foulindignities. Hooker.
INDIGNLY,Unworthily. [Obs.]
INDIGO,A blue dyestuff obtained from several plants belonging to verydifferent
genera and orders; as, the woad, Isatis tinctoria,Indigofera tinctoria, I. Anil,
Nereum tinctorium, etc. It is a darkblue earthy substance, tasteless and odorless,
with a copper-violetluster when rubbed. Indigo does not exist in the plants as
such, butis obtained by decomposition of the glycoside indican.
INDIGOFERA,A genus of leguminous plants having many species, mostly intropical
countries, several of them yielding indigo, esp. Indigoferatinctoria, and I. Anil.
INDIGOGEN,See Indigo white, under Indigo.
INDIGOMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the strength of an indigosolution, as in
volumetric analysis. Ure.
INDIGOMETRY,The art or method of determining the coloring power of indigo.
INDIGOTIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, indigo; as, indigotic acid,which is also
called anilic or nitrosalicylic acid.
INDIGOTIN,See Indigo blue, under Indigo.
INDIGRUBIN,Same as Urrhodin.
INDIHUMIN,A brown amorphous substance resembling humin, and obtained fromindican.
INDILATORY,Not dilatory. [Obs.]
INDILIGENCE,Want of diligence. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
INDILIGENT,Not diligent; idle; slothful. [Obs.] Feltham.-- In*dil"i*gent*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
INDIMINISHABLE,Incapable of being diminished. [R.] Milton.
INDIN,A dark red crystalline substance, isomeric with and resemblingindigo blue,
and obtained from isatide and dioxindol.
INDIRECT,Not reaching the end aimed at by the most plain and directmethod; as, an
indirect proof, demonstration, etc. Indirect claims,claims for remote or
consequential damage. Such claims were presentedto and thrown out by the
commissioners who arbitrated the damageinflicted on the United States by the
Confederate States cruisersbuilt and supplied by Great Britain.-- Indirect
demonstration, a mode of demonstration in which proof isgiven by showing that any
other supposition involves an absurdity(reductio ad absurdum), or an impossibility;
thus, one quantity maybe proved equal to another by showing that it can be neither
greaternor less.-- Indirect discourse. (Gram.) See Direct discourse, under
Direct.-- Indirect evidence, evidence or testimony which is circumstantialor
inferential, but without witness; -- opposed to direct evidence.-- Indirect tax, a
tax, such as customs, excises, etc., exacteddirectly from the merchant, but paid
indirectly by the consumer inthe higher price demanded for the articles of
merchandise.
INDIRECTED,Not directed; aimless. [Obs.]
INDIRECTION,Oblique course or means; dishonest practices; indirectness.
"Byindirections find directions out." Shak.
INDIRECTLY,In an direct manner; not in a straight line or course; not inexpress
terms; obliquely; not by direct means; hence, unfairly;wrongly.To tax it indirectly
by taxing their expense. A. Smith.Your crown and kingdom indirectly held. Shak.
INDIRETIN,A dark brown resinous substance obtained from indican.
INDIRUBIN,A substance isomeric with, and resembling, indigo blue, andaccompanying
it as a side product, in its artificial production.
INDISCERNIBLE,Not to be discerned; imperceptible; not discoverable orvisible.Secret
and indiscernible ways. Jer. Taylor.-- In`dis*cern"i*ble*ness, n.--
In`dis*cern"i*bly, adv.
INDISCIPLINABLE,Not disciplinable; undisciplinable. [R.]
INDISCIPLINE,Want of discipline or instruction. [R.]
INDISCOVERABLE,Not discoverable; undiscoverable. J. Conybeare.
INDISCOVERY,Want of discovery. [Obs.]
INDISCREET,Not discreet; wanting in discretion.So drunken, and so indiscreet an
officer. Shak.
INDISCRIMINATE,Not discriminate; wanting discrimination; undistinguishing;
notmaking any distinction; confused; promiscuous. "Blind orindiscriminate
forgiveness." I. Taylor.The indiscriminate defense of right and wrong. Junius.--
In`dis*crim"i*nate*ly, adv. Cowper.
INDISCRIMINATING,Not discriminating.-- In`dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly, adv.
INDISCRIMINATION,Want of discrimination or distinction; impartiality. Jefferson.
INDISCRIMINATIVE,Making no distinction; not discriminating.
INDISCUSSED,Not discussed. [Obs.] Donne.
INDISPENSABILITY,Indispensableness.
INDISPENSABLE,Not admitting dispensation; not subject to release orexemption.
[R.]The law was moral and indispensable. Bp. Burnet.
INDISPENSABLENESS,The state or quality of being indispensable, or
absolutelynecessary. S. Clarke.
INDISPENSABLY,In an indispensable manner. "Indispensably necessary." Bp.Warburton.
INDISPERSED,Not dispersed. [R.]
INDISPOSEDNESS,The condition or quality of being indisposed. [R.] Bp. Hall.
INDISPUTABILITY,Indisputableness.
INDISPUTABLE,Not disputable; incontrovertible; too evident to admit ofdispute.
INDISPUTED,Undisputed.
INDISSIPABLE,Incapable o
INDISSOLUBILITY,The quality or state of being indissoluble.
INDISSOLUBLENESS,Indissolubility. Sir M. Hale.
INDISSOLUBLY,In an indissoluble manner.On they move, indissolubly firm. Milton.
INDISSOLVABLE,Not dissolvable; incapable of being dissolved or separated;incapable
oas, an indissolvable bond of union. Bp. Warburton.
INDISSOLVABLENESS,Indissolubleness.
INDISTANCY,Want of distance o [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
INDISTINCTIBLE,Indistinguishable. [Obs.] T. Warton.
INDISTINCTION,Want of distinction or distinguishableness; confusion;uncertainty;
indiscrimination.The indistinction of many of the same name . . . hath made
somedoubt. Sir T. Browne.An indistinction of all persons, or equality of all
orders, is farfrom being agreeable to the will of God. Sprat.
INDISTINCTIVE,Having nothing distinctive; common.-- In`dis*tinc"tive*ness, n.
INDISTINCTLY,In an indistinct manner; not clearly; confusedly; dimly; as,certain
ideas are indistinctly comprehended.In its sides it was bounded distinctly, but on
its ends confusedly anindistinctly. Sir I. Newton.
INDISTINCTNESS,The quality or condition of being indistinct; want ofdefiniteness;
dimness; confusion; as, the indistinctness of apicture, or of comprehension;
indistinctness of vision.
INDISTINGUISHABLE,Not distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known,
ordiscriminated as separate and distinct; hence, not capable of beingperceived or
known; as, in the distance the flagship wasindisguishable; the two copies were
indisguishable in form or color;the difference between them was indisguishable.
INDISTINGUISHABLY,In a indistinguishable manner. Sir W. Scott.
INDISTINGUISHED,Indistinct. [R.] "That indistinguished mass." Sir T. Browne.
INDISTINGUISHING,Making no difference; indiscriminative; impartial;
as,indistinguishing liberalities. [Obs.] Johnson.
INDISTURBANCE,Freedom from disturbance; calmness; repose; apathy;indifference.
INDITCH,To bury in, or cast into, a ditch. Bp. Hall.
INDITE,To compose; to write, as a poem.Wounded I sing, tormented I indite. Herbert.
INDITEMENT,The act of inditing. Craig.
INDITER,One who indites. Smart.
INDIUM,A rare metallic element, discovered in certain ores of zinc, bymeans of its
characteristic spectrum of two indigo blue lines; hence,its name. In appearance it
resembles zinc, being white or lead gray,soft, malleable and easily fusible, but in
its chemical relation itresembles aluminium or gallium. Symbol In. Atomic weight,
113.4.
INDIVERTIBLE,Not to be diverted or turned aside. [R.] Lamb.
INDIVIDABLE,Indivisible. [R.] Shak.
INDIVIDED,Undivided. [R.] Bp. Patrick.
INDIVIDUALISTIC,Of or pertaining to the individual or individualism.
LondonAthenæum.
INDIVIDUALIZATION,The act of individualizing; the state of being
individualized;individuation.
INDIVIDUALIZE,The mark as an individual, or to distinguish from others bypeculiar
properties; to invest with individuality.The peculiarities which individualize and
distinguish the humor ofAddison. N. Drake.
INDIVIDUALIZER,One who individualizes.
INDIVIDUATE,Undivided. [Obs.]
INDIVIDUATION,The act of individuating or state of being
individuated;individualization. H. Spencer.
INDIVIDUATOR,One who, or that which, individuates. Sir K. Digby.
INDIVIDUITY,Separate existence; individuality; oneness. Fuller.
INDIVINITY,Want or absence of divine power or of divinity. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
INDIVISIBILITY,The state or property of being indivisible or
inseparable;inseparability. Locke.
INDIVISIBLE,Not capable of exact division, as one quantity by
another;incommensurable.
INDIVISIBLENESS,The state of being indivisible; indivisibility. W. Montagu.
INDIVISIBLY,In an indivisible manner.
INDIVISION,A state of being not divided; oneness. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INDO-,A prefix signifying Indian (i. e., East Indian); of orpertaining of India.
INDO-ARYAN,Pert. to the Indo-Aryans, or designating, or of, the Aryanlanguages of
India.
INDO-BRITON,A person born in India, of mixed Indian and British blood; ahalf-caste.
Malcom.
INDO-CHINESE,Of or pertaining to Indo-China (i. e., Farther India, or Indiabeyond
the Ganges).
INDO-DO-CHINESE LANGUAGES,A family of languages, mostly of the isolating type,
althoughsome are agglutinative, spoken in the great area extending fromnorthern
India in the west to Formosa in the east and from CentralAsia in the north to the
Malay Peninsula in the south.
INDO-ENGLISH,Of or relating to the English who are born or reside in India;Anglo-
Indian.
INDO-EUROPEAN,Aryan; -- applied to the languages of India and Europe whichare
derived from the prehistoric Aryan language; also, pertaining tothe people or
nations who speak these languages; as, the Indo-European or Aryan family.The common
origin of the Indo-European nations. Tylor.
INDOANILINE,Any one of a series of artificial blue dyes, in appearanceresembling
indigo, for which they are often used as substitutes.
INDOCIBILITY,The state of being indocible; indocibleness; indocility.
INDOCIBLE,Incapable of being taught, or not easily instructed; dull inintellect;
intractable; unteachable; indocile. Bp. Hall.-- In*doc"i*ble*ness, n.
INDOCILE,Not teachable; indisposed to be taught, trained, ordisciplined; not easily
instructed or governed; dull; intractable.
INDOCILITY,The quality or state of being indocile; dullness of
intellect;unteachableness; intractableness.The stiffness and indocility of the
Pharisees. W. Montagu.
INDOCTRINATE,To instruct in the rudiments or principles of learning, or of abranch
of learning; to imbue with learning; to instruct in, or imbuewith, principles or
doctrines; to teach; -- often followed by in.A master that . . . took much delight
in indoctrinating his young,unexperienced favorite. Clarendon.
INDOCTRINATION,The act of indoctrinating, or the condition of beingindoctrinated;
instruction in the rudiments and principles of anyscience or system of belief;
information. Sir T. Browne.
INDOGEN,A complex, nitrogenous radical, C8H5NO, regarded as theessential nucleus of
indigo.
INDOGENIDE,Any one of the derivatives of indogen, which contain that groupas a
nucleus.
INDOIN,A substance resembling indigo blue, obtained artificially fromcertain
isatogen compounds.
INDOL,A white, crystalline substance, C8H7N, obtained from blueindigo, and almost
all indigo derivatives, by a process of reduction.It is also formed from albuminous
matter, together with skatol, byputrefaction, and by fusion with caustic potash,
and is present inhuman excrement, as well as in the intestinal canal of
someherbivora.
INDOLENCY,Indolence. [Obs.] Holland.
INDOLENT,Causing little or no pain or annoyance; as, an indolent tumor.
INDOLENTLY,In an indolent manner.Calm and serene you indolently sit. Addison.
INDOLES,Natural disposition; natural quality or abilities.
INDOLIN,A dark resinous substance, polymeric with indol, and obtainedby the
reduction of indigo white.
INDOMABLE,Indomitable. [Obs.]
INDOMITABLE,Not to be subdued; untamable; invincible; as, an indomitablewill,
courage, animal.
INDOMITE,Not tamed; untamed; savage; wild. [Obs.] J. Salkeld.
INDOMPTABLE,Indomitable. [Obs.] Tooke.
INDONESIAN,Of or pertaining to Indonesia or Indonesians.
INDOOR,Done or being within doors; within a house or institution;domestic; as,
indoor work.
INDOORS,Within the house; -- usually separated, in doors.
INDOPHENOL,Any one of a series of artificial blue dyestuffs, resemblingindigo in
appearance, and obtained by the action of phenol on certainnitrogenous derivatives
of quinone. Simple indophenol proper has notyet been isolated.
INDORSABLE,Capable of being indorsed; transferable; convertible.
INDORSATION,Indorsement. [Obs.]
INDORSE,To write one's name, alone or with other words, upon the backof (a paper),
for the purpose of transferring it, or to secure thepayment of a
INDORSED,See Addorsed.
INDORSEE,The person to whom a note or bill is indorsed, or assigned byindorsement.
INDORSEMENT,The person who indorses. [Written also endorser.]
INDOW,See Endow.
INDOWMENT,See Endowment.
INDOXYL,A nitrogenous substance, C8H7NO, isomeric with oxindol,obtained as an oily
liquid.
INDOXYLIC,Of or pertaining to, or producing, indoxyl; as, indoxylic acid.
INDRAWN,Drawn in.
INDRENCH,To overwhelm with water; to drench; to drown. [Obs.] Shak.
INDUBITABLE,Not dubitable or doubtful; too evident to admit of
doubt;unquestionable; evident; apparently certain; as, an indubitableconclusion.--
n.
INDUBITABLENESS,The state or quality of being indubitable.
INDUBITABLY,Undoubtedly; unquestionably; in a manner to remove all doubt.Oracles
indubitably clear and infallibly certain. Barrow.
INDUBITATE,Not questioned or doubtful; evident; certain. [Obs.] Bacon.
INDUCE,To produce, or cause, by proximity without contact ortransmission, as a
particular electric or magnetic condition in abody, by the approach of another body
in an opposite electric ormagnetic state.
INDUCED CURRENT,A current due to variation in the magnetic field surroundingits
conductor.
INDUCEMENT,Matter stated by way of explanatory preamble or introduction tothe main
allegations of a pleading; a leading to.
INDUCER,One who, or that which, induces or incites.
INDUCTANCE COIL,A choking coil.
INDUCTANCE,Capacity for induction; the coefficient of self-induction.
INDUCTEOUS,Rendered electro-polar by induction, or brought into theopposite
electrical state by the influence of inductive bodies.
INDUCTILE,Not ductile; incapable of being drawn into threads, as a metal;inelastic;
tough.
INDUCTILITY,The quality or state of being inductile.
INDUCTION GENERATOR,A machine built as an induction motor and driven
abovesynchronous speed, thus acting as an alternating-current generator; -- called
also asynchronous generator. Below synchronism the machinetakes in electrical
energy and acts as an induction motor; atsynchronism the power component of current
becomes zero and changessign, so that above synchronism the machine (driven for
this purposeby mechanical power) gives out electrical energy as a generator.
INDUCTION MOTOR,A type of alternating-current motor comprising two woundmembers,
one stationary, called the stator, and the other rotating,called the rotor, these
two members corresponding to a certain extentto the field and armature of a direct-
current motor.
INDUCTION,The act or process of reasoning from a part to a whole, fromparticulars
to generals, or from the individual to the universal;also, the result or inference
so reached.Induction is an inference drawn from all the particulars. Sir
W.Hamilton.Induction is the process by which we conclude that what is true
ofcertain individuals of a class, is true of the whole class, or thatwhat is true
at certain times will be true in similar circumstancesat all times. J. S. Mill.
INDUCTIONAL,Pertaining to, or proceeding by, induction; inductive.
INDUCTIVELY,By induction or inference.
INDUCTOMETER,An instrument for measuring or ascertaining the degree or rateof
electrical induction.
INDUCTOR,That portion of an electrical apparatus, in which is theinducing charge or
current.
INDUCTORIUM,An induction coil.
INDUEMENT,The act of induing, or state of being indued; investment;endowment. W.
Montagu.
INDULGE,To indulge one's self; to gratify one's tastes or desires;esp., to give
one's self up (to); to practice a forbidden orquestionable act without restraint;
-- followed by in, but formerly,also, by to. "Willing to indulge in easy vices."
Johnson.
INDULGEMENT,Indulgence. [R.] Wood.
INDULGENCE,Remission of the temporal punishment due to sins, after theguilt of sin
has been remitted by sincere repentance; absolution fromthe censures and public
penances of the church. It is a payment ofthe debt of justice to God by the
application of the merits of Christand his saints to the contrite soul through the
church. It istherefore believed to diminish or destroy for sins the punishment
ofpurgatory.
INDULGENCY,Indulgence. Dryden.
INDULGENT,Prone to indulge; yielding to the wishes, humor, or appetitesof those
under one's care; compliant; not opposing or restraining;tolerant; mild; favorable;
not severe; as, an indulgent parent. Shak.The indulgent censure of posterity.
Waller.The feeble old, indulgent of their ease. Dryden.
INDULGENTIAL,Relating to the indulgences of the Roman Catholic Church.Brevint.
INDULGENTLY,In an indulgent manner; mildly; favorably. Dryden.
INDULGER,One who indulges. W. Montagu.
INDULGIATE,To indulge. [R.] Sandys.
INDULINE,A duty levied on all importations.
INDUMENT,Plumage; feathers.
INDURANCE,See Endurance.
INDURATE,To grow hard; to harden, or become hard; as, clay indurates bydrying, and
by heat.
INDURATED,Hardened; as, indurated clay; an indurated heart. Goldsmith.
INDUSIAL,Of, pertaining to, or containing, the petrified cases of thelarvæ of
certain insects. Indusial limestone (Geol.), a fresh-waterlimestone, largely
composed of the agglomerated cases of caddiceworms, or larvæ of caddice flies
(Phryganea). It is found in Miocenestrata of Auvergne, France, and some other
localities.
INDUSTRIAL,Consisting in industry; pertaining to industry, or the arts andproducts
of industry; concerning those employed in labor, especiallyin manual labor, and
their wages, duties, and rights.The great ideas of industrial development and
economic socialamelioration. M. Arnold.
INDUSTRIALLY,With reference to industry.
INDUSTRY,Human exertion of any kind employed for the creation of value,and regarded
by some as a species of capital or wealth; labor.
INDUTIVE,Covered; -- applied to seeds which have the usual integumentarycovering.
INDUVIAE,Persistent portions of a calyx or corolla; also, leaves whichdo not
disarticulate from the stem, and hence remain for a long time.
INDUVIATE,Covered with induviæ, as the upper part of the trunk of a palmtree.
INDWELL,To dwell in; to abide within; to remain in possession.The Holy Ghost became
a dove, not as a symbol, but as a constantlyindwelt form. Milman.
INDWELLER,An inhabitant. Spenser.
INDWELLING,Residence within, as in the heart.The personal indwelling of the Spirit
in believers. South.
INEARTH,To inter. [R.] Southey.
INEBRIANT,Intoxicating.
INEBRIATE,To become drunk. [Obs.] Bacon.
INEBRIATION,The condition of being inebriated; intoxication;
figuratively,deprivation of sense and judgment by anything that exhilarates,
assuccess. Sir T. Browne.Preserve him from the inebriation of prosperity. Macaulay.
INEBRIETY,Drunkenness; inebriation. E. Darwin.
INEBRIOUS,Intoxicated, or partially so; intoxicating. [R.] T. Brown.
INEDIBLE,Not edible; not fit for food. -- In*ed`i*bil"i*ty (#), n.
INEDITED,Not edited; unpublished; as, an inedited manuscript. T. Warton.
INEE,An arrow poison, made from an apocynaceous plant (Strophanthushispidus) of the
Gaboon country; -- called also onaye.
INEFFABILITY,The quality or state of being ineffable;
ineffableness;unspeakableness.
INEFFABLE,Incapable of being expresses in words; unspeakable;unutterable;
indescribable; as, the ineffable joys of heaven.Contentment with our lot . . . will
diffuse ineffable contenBeattie.
INEFFABLENESS,The quality or state of being ineffable or
unutterable;unspeakableness.
INEFFABLY,In a manner not to be expressed in words; unspeakably. Milton.
INEFFACEABLE,Incapable of being effaced; indelible; ineradicable.
INEFFACEABLY,So as not to be effaceable.
INEFFECTIBLE,Ineffectual; impracticable. [R.] Bp. Hall.
INEFFECTIVE,Not effective; ineffectual; futile; inefficient; useless; as,an
ineffective appeal.The word of God, without the spirit, [is] a dead and
ineffectiveletter. Jer. Taylor.
INEFFECTIVELY,In an ineffective manner; without effect;
inefficiently;ineffectually.
INEFFECTIVENESS,Quality of being ineffective.
INEFFECTUAL,Not producing the proper effect; without effect; inefficient;weak;
useless; futile; unavailing; as, an ineffectual attempt; anineffectual expedient.
Pope.The peony root has been much commended, . . . and yet has been bymany found
ineffectual. Boyle.
INEFFECTUALITY,Ineffectualness. [R.]
INEFFECTUALLY,Without effect; in vain.Hereford . . . had been besieged for
abouineffectually by the Scots.Ludlow.
INEFFECTUALNESS,Want of effect, or of power to produce it; inefficacy.The
ineffectualness of some men's devotion. Wake.
INEFFERVESCENCE,Want of effervescence. Kirwan.
INEFFERVESCENT,Not effervescing, or not susceptible of effervescence;quiescent.
INEFFERVESCIBILITY,The quality of being ineffervescible.
INEFFERVESCIBLE,Not capable or susceptible of effervescence.
INEFFICACIOUS,Not efficacious; not having power to produce the effectdesired;
inadequate; incompetent; inefficient; impotent. Boyle.The authority of Parliament
must become inefficacious . . . torestrain the growth of disorders. Burke.
INEFFICACIOUSLY,without efficacy or effect.
INEFFICACIOUSNESS,Want of effect, or of power to produce the effect; inefficacy.
INEFFICACY,Want of power to produce the desired or proper effect;inefficiency;
ineffectualness; futility; uselessness; fruitlessness;as, the inefficacy of
medicines or means.The seeming inefficacy of censures. Bp. Hall.The inefficacy was
soon proved, like that of many similar medicines.James Gregory.
INEFFICIENCY,The quality of being inefficient; want of power or energysufficient;
want of power or energy sufficient for the desiredeffect; inefficacy; incapacity;
as, he was discharged from hisposition for inefficiency.
INEFFICIENTLY,In an inefficient manner.
INELABORATE,Not elaborate; not wrought with care; unpolished; crude;unfinished.
INELASTIC,Not elastic.
INELASTICITY,Want of elasticity.
INELEGANT,Not elegant; deficient in beauty, polish, refinement, grave, orornament;
wanting in anything which correct taste requires.What order so contrived as not to
mix Tastes, not well joined,inelegant. Milton.It renders style often obscure,
always embarrassed and inelegant.Blair.
INELEGANTLY,In an inelegant manner.
INELIGIBILITY,The state or quality of being ineligible.
INELIGIBLE,Not eligible; not qualified to be chos Burke.
INELLIGIBLY,In an ineligible manner.
INELOQUENT,Not eloquent; not fluent, graceful, or pathetic; notpersuasive; as,
ineloquent language.Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men, Nor tongue
ineloquent.Milton.
INELOQUENTLY,Without eloquence.
INELUCTABLE,Not to be overcome by struggling; irresistible; inevitable.
Bp.Pearson.The ineluctable conditions of matter. Hamerton.
INELUDIBLE,Incapable of being eluded or evaded; unvoidable.Most pressing reasons
and ineludible demonstrations. Glanvill.
INEMBRYONATE,Not embryonate.
INENARRABLE,Incapable of being narrated; indescribable; ineffable.
[Obs.]"Inenarrable goodness." Bp. Fisher.
INEPTLY,Unfitly; unsuitably; awkwardly.None of them are made foolishly or ineptly.
Dr. H. More.
INEPTNESS,Unfitness; ineptitude.The feebleness and miserable ineptness of infancy.
Dr. H. More.
INEQUABLE,Unequable. [R.] Bailey.
INEQUAL,Unequal; uneven; various. [Obs.] Chaucer.
INEQUALITY,An expression consisting of two unequal quantities, with thesign of
inequality (> or <) between them; as, the inequality 2 < 3,or 4 > 1.
INEQUATION,An inequality.
INEQUIDISTANT,Not equally distant; not equidistant.
INEQUILATERAL,Having the two ends unequal, as in the clam, quahaug, and
mostlamellibranch shells.
INEQUILOBATE,Unequally lobed; cut into lobes of different shapes or sizes.
INEQUITABLE,Not equitable; not just. Burke.
INEQUITATE,To ride over or through. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
INEQUITY,Want of equity; injustice; wrong. "Some form of inequity." H.Spencer.
INERADICABLE,Incapable of beingThe bad seed thus sown was ineradicable. Ld. Lytton.
INERADICABLY,So as not to be eradicable.
INERGETICALLY,Without energy. [R.]
INERMIS,Unarmed; destitute of prickles or thorns, as a leaf. Gray.
INERRABILITY,Freedom or exemption from error; infallibility. Eikon Basilike.
INERRABLE,Incapable of erring; infallible; unerring. "Inerabble andrequisite
conditions." Sir T. Browne. "Not an inerrable text."Gladstone.
INERRABLENESS,Exemption from error; inerrability; infallibility. Hammond.
INERRABLY,With security from error; infallibly; unerringly.
INERRANCY,Exemption from error.The absolute inerrancy odf the Bible. The Century.
INERRATIC,Not erratic or wandering; fixed; settled; established.
INERRINGLY,Without error, mistake, or deviation; unerringly. Glanvill.
INERTIA,That property of matter by which it tends when at rest toremain so, and
when in motion to continue in motion, and in the samestraight line or direction,
unless acted on by some external force; -- sometimes called vis inertiæ.
INERTION,Want of activity or exertion; inertness; quietude. [R.]These vicissitudes
of exertion and inertion of the arterial systemconstitute the paroxysms of
remittent fever. E. Darwin.
INERTITUDE,Inertness; inertia. [R.] Good.
INERTLY,Without activity; sluggishly. Pope.
INERUDITE,Not erudite; unlearned; ignorant.
INESCAPABLE,Not escapable.
INESCATE,To allure; to lay a bait for. [Obs.]To inescate and beguile young women!
Burton.
INESCATION,The act of baiting; allurement. [Obs.] Hallywell.
INESCUTCHEON,A small escutcheon borne within a shield.
INESTIMABLE,Incapable of being estimated or computed; especially, toovaluable or
excellent to be measured or fully appreciated; above allprice; as, inestimable
rights or privileges.But above all, for thine inestimable love. Bk. of Com.
Prayer.Science is too inestimable for expression by a money standard. LyonPlayfair.
INESTIMABLY,In a manner, or to a degree, above estimation; as, thingsinestimably
excellent.
INEVASIBLE,Incapable of being
INEVIDENCE,Want of evidence; obscurity. [Obs.] Barrow.
INEVIDENT,Not evident; not clear or obvious; obscure.
INEVITABILITY,Impossibility to be avoided or shunned; inevitableness.Shelford.
INEVITABLENESS,The state of being unavoidable; certainty to happen. Prideaux.
INEVITABLY,Without possibility of escape or evasion;
unavoidably;certainly.Inevitably thou shalt die. Milton.How inevitably does
immoderate laughter end in a sigh! South.
INEXACT,Not exact; not precisely correct or true; inaccurate.
INEXACTITUDE,Inexactness; uncertainty; as, geographical inexactitude.
INEXACTLY,In a manner not exact or precise; inaccurately. R. A. Proctor.
INEXACTNESS,Incorrectness; want of exactness.
INEXCITABILITY,The quality of being inexcitable; insusceptibility toexcitement.
INEXCITABLE,Not susceptible of excitement; dull; lifeless; torpid.
INEXCUSABLE,Not excusable; not admitting excuse or justification; as,inexcusable
folly.Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art thatjudgest; for
wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself;for thou that judgest doest
the same things. Rom. ii. 1.
INEXCUSABLENESS,The quality of being inexcusable; enormity forgiveness. South.
INEXCUSABLY,With a degree of guilt or folly beyond excuse or
justification.Inexcusably obstinate and perverse. Jortin.
INEXECRABLE,That can not be execrated enough. [R.]
INEXECUTABLE,Incapable of being executed or performed; impracticable;infeasible.
INEXECUTION,Neglect of execution; nonperformance; as, the inexecution of atreaty.
Spence.
INEXERTION,Want of exertion; want of effort; defect of action; indolence;laziness.
INEXHALABLE,Incapable of being exhaled. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INEXHAUSTED,Not exhausted; not emptied; not spent; not having lost allstrength or
resources; unexhausted. Dryden.
INEXHAUSTEDLY,Without exhaustion.
INEXHAUSTIBILITY,The state or quality of being inexhaustible; abundance.
INEXHAUSTIBLE,Incapable of being exhausted, emptied, or used up; unfailing;not to
be wasted or spent; as, inexhaustible stores of provisions; aninexhaustible stock
of elegant words. Dryden.An inexhaustible store of anecdotes. Macaulay.--
In`ex*haust"i*ble*ness, n.-- In`ex*haust"i*bly, adv.
INEXHAUSTIVE,Inexhaustible. Thomson.
INEXIST,To exist within; to dwell within. [Obs.]Substances inexisting within the
divine mind. A. Tucker.
INEXISTANT,Inexistent; not existing. [Obs.] Gudworth.
INEXISTENCE,Want of being or existence.
INEXISTENT,Not having being; not existing.
INEXORABILITY,The quality of being inexorable, or unyielding to entreaty.Paley.
INEXORABLE,Not to be persuaded or moved by entreaty or prayer; firm;determined;
unyielding; unchangeable; inflexible; relentless; as, aninexorable prince or
tyrant; an inexorable judge. "Inexorableequality of laws." Gibbon. "Death's
inexorable doom." Dryden.You are more inhuman, more inexorable, O, ten times more
than tigersof Hyrcania. Shak.
INEXORABLENESS,The quality or state of being inexorable. Chillingworth.
INEXORABLY,In an inexorable manner; inflexibly. "Inexorably firm."Thomson.
INEXPANSIBLE,Incapable of expansion, enlargement, or extension. Tyndall.
INEXPECTABLE,Not to be expected or anticipated. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INEXPECTANT,Not expectant. C. Bronté.
INEXPECTATION,Absence of expectation. Feltham.
INEXPECTED,Unexpected. [Obs.]
INEXPECTEDLY,Unexpectedly. [Obs.]
INEXPECTEDNESS,Unexpectedness. [Obs.]
INEXPEDIENT,Not expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending tothe end
desired; inadvisable; unfit; improper; unsuitable to time andplace; as, what is
expedient at one time may be inexpedient atanother.If it was not unlawful, yet it
was highly inexpedient to use thoseceremonies. Bp. Burnet.
INEXPEDIENTLY,Not
INEXPENSIVE,Not expensive; cheap.
INEXPERIENCE,Absence or want of experience; lack of personal andexperimental
knowledge; as, the inexperience of youth.Failings which are incident to youth and
inexperience. Dryden.Prejudice and self-sufficiency naturally proceed from
inexperience ofthe world, and ignorance of mankind. Addison.
INEXPERIENCED,Not having experience unskilled. "Inexperienced youth." Cowper.
INEXPERTNESS,Want of expertness or skill.
INEXPIABLENESS,Quality of being inexpiable.
INEXPIABLY,In an inexpiable manner of degree; to a degree that admits ofno
atonement.
INEXPIATE,Not appeased or placated. [Obs.]To rest inexpiate were much too rude a
part. Chapman.
INEXPLAINABLE,Incapable of being explained; inexplicable.
INEXPLEABLY,Insatiably. [Obs.] Sandys.
INEXPLICABILITY,The quality or state of being inexplicable. H. Spencer.
INEXPLICABLE,Not explicable; not explainable; incapable of being
explained,interpreted, or accounted for; as, an inexplicable mystery.
"Aninexplicable scratching." Cowper.Their reason is disturbed; their views become
vast and perplexed, toothers inexplicable, to themselves uncertain. Burke.
INEXPLICABLENESS,A state of being inexplicable; inexplicability.
INEXPLICABLY,In an inexplicable manner.
INEXPLICIT,Not explicit; not clearly stated; indefinite; vague.
INEXPLORABLE,Incapable of being explored, searched out, or discovered. SirG. Buck.
INEXPLOSIVE,Not explosive.
INEXPOSURE,A state of not being exposed.
INEXPRESSIBLE,Not capable of expression or utterance in language;
ineffable;unspeakable; indescribable; unutterable; as, inexpressible grief
orpleasure. "Inexpressible grandeur." Blair.In orbs Of circuit inexpressible they
stood. Milton.
INEXPRESSIBLES,Breeches; trousers. [Colloq. or Slang] Ld. Lytton.
INEXPRESSIBLY,In an inexpressible manner or degree; unspeakably;
unutterably.Spectator.
INEXPRESSIVENESS,The state or quality of being inexpressive.
INEXPUGNABLE,Incapable of being subdued by force; impregnable;unconquerable.
Burke.A fortress, inexpugnable by the arts of war. Milman.
INEXPUGNABLY,So as to be inexpugnable; in an inexpugnable manner. Dr. H.More.
INEXSUPERABLE,Not capable of being passed over; insuperable; insurmountable.
INEXTENDED,Not extended.
INEXTENSIBLE,Not capable of being extended; not elastic; as, inextensiblefibers.
INEXTENSION,Want of extension; unextended state.
INEXTERMINABLE,Incapable of extermination. Rush.
INEXTINCT,Not quenched; not extinct.
INEXTINGUIBLE,Inextinguishable. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
INEXTINGUISHABLE,Not capable of being extinguished; extinguishable;unquenchable;
as, inextinguishable flame, light, thirst, desire,feuds. "Inextinguishable rage."
Milton.
INEXTINGUISHABLY,So as not to be extinguished; in an inextinguishable manner.
INEXTIRPABLE,Not capable of being extirpated or rooted out; ineradicable.
INEXTRICABLENESS,The state of being inextricable.
INEXTRICABLY,In an inextricable manner.
INEYE,To ingraft, as a tree or plant, by the insertion of a bud oreye; to
inoculate.The arts of grafting and ineying. J. Philips.
INFABRICATED,Not fabricated; unwrought; not artificial; natural. [Obs.]
INFALLIBILIST,One who accepts or maintains the dogma of papal infallibility.
INFALLIBILITY,The quality or state of being infallible, or exempt from
error;inerrability.Infallibility is the highest perfection of the knowing
faculty.Tillotson.Papal infallibility (R. C. Ch.), the dogma that the pope can
not,when acting in his official character of supreme pontiff, err indefining a
doctrine of Christian faith or rule of morals, to be heldby the church. This was
decreed by the Ecumenical Council at theVatican, July 18, 1870.
INFALLIBLE,Incapable of error in defining doctrines touching faith ormorals. See
Papal infallibility, under Infallibility.
INFALLIBLENESS,The state or quality of being infallible; infallibility. Bp.Hall.
INFALLIBLY,In an infallible manner; certainly; unfailingly; unerringly.Blair.
INFAME,To defame; to make infamous. [Obs.] Milton.Livia is infamed for the
poisoning of her husband. Bacon.
INFAMIZE,To make infamous; to defame. [R.] Coleridge.
INFAMOUS,Branded with infamy by conviction of a crime; as, at commonlaw, an
infamous person can not be a witness.
INFAMOUSLY,In an infamous manner or degree; scandalously;
disgracefully;shamefully.The sealed fountain of royal bounty which had been
infamouslymonopolized and huckstered. Burke.
INFAMOUSNESS,The state or quality of being infamous; infamy.
INFAMY,That loss of character, or public disgrace, which a convictincurs, and by
which he is at common law rendered incompetent as awitness.
INFANCY,The state or condition of one under age, or under the age oftwenty-one
years; nonage; minority.
INFANDOUS,Too odious to be expressed or mentioned. [Obs.] Howell.
INFANGTHEF,The privilege granted to lords of certain manors to judgethieves taken
within the seigniory of such lords. Cowell.
INFANT,A person who is not of full age, or who has not attained theage of legal
capacity; a person under the age of twenty-one years; aminor.
INFANTA,A title borne by every one of the daughters of the kings ofSpain and
Portugal, except the eldest.
INFANTE,A title given to every one of sons of the kings of Spain andPortugal,
except the eldest or heir apparent.
INFANTHOOD,Infancy. [R.]
INFANTICIDAL,Of or pertaining to infanticide; engaged in, or guilty of,child
murder.
INFANTICIDE,The murder of an infant born alive; the murder or killing of anewly
born or young child; child murder.
INFANTILE PARALYSIS,An acute disease, almost exclusively infantile, characterizedby
inflammation of the anterior horns of the gray substance of thespinal cord. It is
attended with febrile symptoms, motor paralysis,and muscular atrophy, often
producing permanent deformities. Calledalso acute anterior poliomyelitis.
INFANTILE,Of or pertaining to infancy, or to an infant; similar to,
orcharacteristic of, an infant; childish; as, infantile behavior.
INFANTINE,Infantile; childish.A degree of credulity next infantine. Burke.
INFANTLIKE,Like an infant. Shak.
INFANTLY,Like an infant. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
INFANTRY,A body of soldiers serving on foot; foot soldiers, indistinction from
cavalry.
INFARCE,To stuff; to swell. [Obs.]The body is infarced with . . . watery humors.
Sir T. Elyot.
INFARCTION,The act of stuffing or filling; an overloading and obstructionof any
organ or vessel of the body; constipation.
INFARE,A house-warming; especially, a reception, party, orentertainment given by a
newly married couple, or by the husband uponreceiving the wife to his house.
[Written also infair.] [Scot., &Local, U. S.]
INFASHIONABLE,Unfashionable. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
INFATIGABLE,Indefatigable. [Obs.] Daniel.
INFATUATE,Infatuated. Bp. Hall.
INFATUATED,Overcome by some foolish passion or desire; affected byinfatuation.
INFATUATION,The act of infatuating; the state of being infatuated; folly;that which
infatuates.The infatuations of the sensual and frivolous part of mankind
areamazing; but the infatuations of the learned and sophistical areincomparably
more so. I. Taylor.Such is the infatuation of self-love. Blair.
INFAUST,Not favorable; unlucky; unpropitious; sinister. [R.] Ld.Lytton.
INFAUSTING,The act of making unlucky; misfortune; bad luck. [Obs.] Bacon.
INFEASIBILITY,The state of being infeasible; impracticability.
INFEASIBLE,Not capable of being done or accomplished; impracticable.Glanvill.
INFEASIBLENESS,The state of quality of being infeasible; infeasibility. W.Montagu.
INFECT,Infected. Cf. Enfect. [Obs.] Shak.
INFECTER,One who, or that which, infects.
INFECTIBLE,Capable of being infected.
INFECTION,Contamination by illegality, as in cases of contraband goods;implication.
INFECTIOUS,Contaminating with illegality; exposing to seizure
andforfeiture.Contraband articles are said to be of an infectious nature. Kent.
INFECTIOUSLY,In an infectious manner. Shak.
INFECTIOUSNESS,The quality of being infectious.
INFECTIVE,Infectious. Beau. & Fl.True love . . . hath an infective power. Sir P.
Sidney.
INFECUND,Unfruitful; not producing young; barren; infertile. [Obs.]Evelyn.
INFECUNDITY,Want of fecundity or fruitfulness; barrenness;
sterility;unproductiveness.
INFECUNDOUS,Infertile; barren; unprofitable; unproductive. [Obs.] Glanvill.
INFEEBLE,See Enfeeble.
INFELICITOUS,Not felicitous; unhappy; unfortunate; not fortunate orappropriate in
application; not well said, expressed, or done; as, aninfelicitous condition; an
infelicitous remark; an infelicitousdescription; infelicitous words.
INFELONIOUS,Not felonious, malignant, or criminal. G. Eliot.
INFELT,Felt inwardly; heartfelt. [R.]The baron stood afar off, or knelt in
submissive, acknowledged,infelt inferiority. Milman.
INFEODATION,See Infeudation.
INFEOFF,See Enfeoff.
INFEOFFMENT,See Enfeoffment.
INFERABLE,Capable of being inferred or deduced from premises. [Writtenalso
inferrible.] H. Spencer.A sufficient argument . . . is inferable from these
premises. Burke.
INFERENTIAL,Deduced or deducible by inference. "Inferential proofs." J. S.Mill.
INFERENTIALLY,By way of inference.
INFERIAE,Sacrifices offered to the souls of deceased heroes or friends.
INFERIOR,Junior or subordinate in rank; as, an inferior officer.Inferior court
(Law), a court subject to the jurisdiction of anothercourt known as the superior,
or higher, court.-- Inferior letter, Inferior figure (Print.), a small letter
orfigure standing at the bottom of the line (opposed to superior letteror figure),
as in A2, Bn, 2 and n are inferior characters.-- Inferior tide, the tide
corresponding to the moon's transit ofthe meridian, when below the horizon.
INFERIORITY,The state of being inferior; a lower state or condition; as,inferiority
of rank, of talents, of age, of worth.A deep sense of our own great inferiority.
Boyle.
INFERIORLY,In an inferior manner, or on the inferior part.
INFERNAL,An inhabitant of the infernal regions; also, the place itself.[Obs.]
Drayton.
INFERNALLY,In an infernal manner; diabolically. "Infernally false." Bp.Hacket.
INFERNO,The infernal regions; hell. Also used fig.
INFEROBRANCHIAN,One of the Inferobranchiata.
INFEROBRANCHIATA,A suborder of marine gastropod mollusks, in which the gills
arebetween the foot and the mantle.
INFEROBRANCHIATE,Having the gills on the sides of the body, under the margin ofthe
mantle; belonging to the Inferobranchiata.
INFERRIBLE,Inferable.
INFERTILE,Not fertile; not productive; barren; sterile; as, an infertilesoil.
INFERTILELY,In an infertile manner.
INFERTILITY,The state or quality of being infertile;
unproductiveness;barrenness.The infertility or noxiousness of the soil. Sir M.
Hale.
INFEST,Mischievous; hurtful; harassing. [Obs.] Spenser.
INFESTATION,The act of infesting or state of being infested; molestation;vexation;
annoyance. Bacon.Free from the infestation of enemies. Donne.
INFESTER,One who, or that which, infests.
INFESTIVE,Having no mirth; not festive or merry; dull; cheerless; gloomy;forlorn.
[R.]
INFESTIVITY,Want of festivity, cheerfulness, or mirth; dullness;cheerlessness. [R.]
INFESTUOUS,Mischievous; harmful; dangerous. [Obs.] "Infestuous asserpents." Bacon.
INFEUDATION,The act of putting one in possession of an estate in fee. SirM. Hale.
INFIDEL,Not holding the faith; -- applied esp. to one who does notbelieve in the
inspiration of the Scriptures, and the supernaturalorigin of Christianity.The
infidel writer is a great enemy to society. V. Knox.
INFIELD,To inclose, as a field. [R.]
INFILE,To arrange in a file or rank; to place in order. [Obs.]Holland.
INFILM,To cover with a film; to coat thinly; as, to infilm one metalwith another in
the process of gilding; to infilm the glass of amirror. [R.]
INFILTER,To filter or sift in.
INFILTRATE,To enter by penetrating the pores or interstices of asubstance; to
filter into or through something.The water infiltrates through the porous rock.
Addison.
INFILTRATIVE,Of or pertaining to infiltration. Kane.
INFINITE,Greater than any assignable quantity of the same kind; -- saidof certain
quantities.
INFINITENESS,The state or quality of being infinite; infinity; greatness;immensity.
Jer. Taylor.
INFINITESIMAL,Infinitely or indefinitely small; less than any assignablequantity or
value; very small. Infinitesimal calculus, the differentand the integral calculus,
when developed according to the methodused by Leibnitz, who regarded the increments
given to variables asinfinitesimal.
INFINITESIMALLY,By infinitesimals; in infinitely small quantities; in
aninfinitesimal degree.
INFINITIVAL,Pertaining to the infinite mood. "Infinitival stems." Fitzed.Hall.
INFINITIVE,Unlimited; not bounded or restricted; undefined. Infinitivemood (Gram.),
that form of the verb which merely names the action,and performs the office of a
verbal noun. Some grammarians make twoforms in English: (a) The simple form, as,
speak, go, hear, beforewhich to is commonly placed, as, to speak; to go; to hear.
(b) Theform of the imperfect participle, called the infinitive in -ing; as,going is
as easy as standing.
INFINITO,Infinite; perpetual, as a canon whose end leads back to thebeginning. See
Infinite, a., 5.
INFINITUPLE,Multipied an infinite number of times. [R.] Wollaston.
INFINITY,A quantity greater than any assignable quantity of the samekind.
INFIRM,To weaken; to enfeeble. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
INFIRMARIAN,A person dwelling in, or having charge of, an infirmary, esp.in a
monastic institution.
INFIRMARY,A hospital, or place where the infirm or sick are lodged andnursed
gratuitously, or where out-patients are treated.
INFIRMATIVE,Weakening; annulling, or tending to make void. [Obs.]
INFIRMATORY,An infirmary. [Obs.]
INFIRMLY,In an infirm manner.
INFIRMNESS,Infirmity; feebleness. Boyle.
INFIX,Something infixed. [R.] Welsford.
INFLAME,To put in a state of inflammation; to produce morbid heat,congestion, or
swelling, of; as, to inflame the eyes by overwork.
INFLAMED,Represented as burning, or as adorned with tongues of flame.
INFLAMER,The person or thing that inflames. Addison.
INFLAMMABILLTY,Susceptibility of taking fire readily; the state or quality ofbeing
inflammable.
INFLAMMABLENESS,The quality or state of being inflammable; inflammability.Boyle.
INFLAMMABLY,In an inflammable manner.
INFLAMMATION,A morbid condition of any part of the body, consisting incongestion of
the blood vessels, with obstruction of the bloodcurrent, and growth of morbid
tissue. It is manifested outwardly byredness and swelling, attended with heat and
pain.
INFLAMMATIVE,Inflammatory.
INFLAMMATORY,Accompanied with, or tending to cause, preternatural heat
andexcitement of arterial action; as, an inflammatory disease.Inflammatory crust.
(Med.) Same as Buffy coat, under Buffy.-- Inflammatory fever, a variety of fever
due to inflammation.
INFLATABLE,That may be inflated.
INFLATE,Blown in; inflated. Chaucer.
INFLATED,Hollow and distended, as a perianth, corolla, nectary, orpericarp. Martyn.
INFLATER,One who, or that which, inflates; as, the inflaters of thestock exchange.
INFLATINGLY,In a manner tending to inflate.
INFLATIONIST,One who favors an increased or very large issue of paper money.[U.S.]
INFLATUS,A blowing or breathing into; inflation; inspiration.The divine breath that
blows the nostrils out To ineffable inflatus.Mrs. Browning.
INFLECT,To vary, as a noun or a verb in its terminations; to decline,as a noun or
adjective, or to conjugate, as a verb.
INFLECTED,Having inflections; capable of, or subject to, inflection;inflective.
Inflected cycloid (Geom.), a prolate cycloid. SeeCycloid.
INFLECTION,The variation or change which words undergo to mark case,gender, number,
comparison, tense, person, mood, voice, etc.
INFLECTIONAL,Of or pertaining to inflection; having, or characterized
by,inflection. Max Müller.
INFLECTIVE,Inflectional; characterized by variation, or change in form, tomark
case, tense, etc.; subject to inflection. Inflective language(Philol.), a language
like the Greek or Latin, consisting largely ofstems with variable terminations or
suffixes which were onceindependent words. English is both agglutinative, as,
manlike,headache, and inflective, as, he, his, him. Cf. Agglutinative.
INFLESH,To incarnate.
INFLEX,To bend; to cause to become curved; to make crooked; todeflect. J. Philips.
INFLEXED,Bent or turned abruptly inwards, or toward the axis, as thepetals of a
flower.
INFLEXIBILITY,The quality or state of being inflexible, or not capable ofbeing bent
or changed; unyielding stiffness; inflexibleness;rigidity; firmness of will or
purpose; unbending pertinacity;steadfastness; resoluteness; unchangeableness;
obstinacy.The inflexibility of mechanism. A. Baxter.That grave inflexibility of
soul. Churchill.The purity and inflexibility of their faith. T. Warton.
INFLEXIBLENESS,The quality or state of being inflexible; inflexibility;rigidity;
firmness.
INFLEXIBLY,In an inflexible manner.
INFLEXION,Inflection.
INFLEXURE,An inflection; a bend or fold. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INFLICT,To give, cause, or produce by striking, or as if by striking;to apply
forcibly; to lay or impose; to send; to cause to bear, feel,or suffer; as, to
inflict blows; to inflict a wound with a dagger; toinflict severe pain by
ingratitude; to inflict punishment on anoffender; to inflict the penalty of death
on a criminal.What heart could wish, what hand inflict, this dire disgrace
Drygen.The persecution and the pain That man inflicts on infero-ior kinds.Cowper.
INFLICTER,One who inflicts.Godis the sole and immadiate inflicter of such strokes.
South.
INFLICTIVE,Causing infliction; acting as an infliction. Whitehead.
INFLOW,To flow in. Wiseman.
INFLUENCE,Induction.
INFLUENCER,One who, or that which, influences.
INFLUENCIVE,Tending toinfluence; influential.
INFLUENTIAL,Exerting or possessing influence or power; potent;
efficacious;effective; strong; having authority or ascendency; as, an
influentialman, station, argument, etc.A very influential Gascon prefix. Earle.
INFLUENTIALLY,In an influential manner.
INFLUENZA,An epidemic affection characterized by acute nasal catarrh, orby
inflammation of the throat or the bronchi, and usually accompaniedby fever.
INFLUXION,A flowing in; infusion. [R.] Bacon.
INFLUXIOUS,Influential. [Obs.]
INFLUXIVE,Having a tendency to flow in; having influence; influential.[R.]
Holdsworth.
INFLUXIVELY,By influxion. [R.]
INFOLDMENT,The act of infolding; the state of being infolded.
INFOLIATE,To cover or overspread with, or as with, leaves. [R.] Howell.
INFORM,Without regular form; shapeless; ugly; deformed. Cotton.
INFORMALLY,In an informal manner.
INFORMATION,A proceeding in the nature of a prosecution for some offensagainst the
government, instituted and prosecuted, really ornominally, by some authorized
public officer on behalt of thegovernment. It differs from an indictment in
criminal cases chieflyin not being based on the finding of a grand juri. See
Indictment.
INFORMATIVE,Having power to inform, animate, or vivify. Dr. H. More.
INFORMATORY,Full of, or conveying, information; instructive. [R.] LondonSpectator.
INFORMED,Unformed or ill-formed; deformed; shapeless. [Obs.] Spenser.Informed
stars. See under Unformed.
INFORMER,One who informs a magistrate of violations of law; one whoinforms against
another for violation of some law or penal statute.Common informer (Law), one who
habitually gives information of theviolation of penal statutes, with a view to a
prosecution therefor.Bouvier. Wharton.
INFORMIDABLE,Not formidable; not to be feared or dreaded. [Obs.] "Foe
notinformidable." Milton.
INFORMITY,Want of regular form; shapelessness. [Obs.]
INFORMOUS,Of irregular form; shapeless. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INFORTUNATE,Unlucky; unfortunate. [Obs.] Shak."A most infortynate chance." Howell.-
In*for"tu*nate*ly, adv. [Obs.]
INFORTUNE,Misfortune. [Obs.] Chaucer.
INFORTUNED,Unfortunate. [Obs.]I, woeful wretch and infortuned wight. Chaucer.
INFOUND,To pour in; to infuse. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
INFRA,Below; beneath; under; after; -- often used as a prefix.
INFRA-AXILLARY,Situated below the axil, as a bud.
INFRA-RED,Lying outside the visible spectrum at its red end; -- said ofrays less
refrangible than the extreme red rays.
INFRABRANCHIAL,Below the gills; -- applied to the ventral portion of thepallial
chamber in the lamellibranchs.
INFRACLAVICULAR,Below the clavicle; as, the infraclavicular fossa.
INFRACT,Not broken or fractured; unharmed; whole. [Obs.] Chapman.
INFRACTIBLE,Capable of being broken.[R.]
INFRACTION,The act of infracting or breaking; breach; violation;nonobservance;
infringement; as, an infraction of a treaty, compact,rule, or law. I. Watts.
INFRACTOR,One who infracts or infringes; a violator; a breaker.
INFRAGRANT,Not fragrant.
INFRAHYOID,Same as Hyosternal (a).
INFRALABIAL,Below the lower lip; -- said of certain scales of reptiles andfishes.
INFRALAPSARIAN,One of that class of Calvinists who consider the decree ofelection
as contemplating the apostasy as past and the elect as beingat the time of election
in a fallen and guilty state; -- opposed toSupralapsarian. The former considered
the election of grace as aremedy for an existing evil; the latter regarded the fall
as a partof God's original purpose in regard to men.
INFRALAPSARIANISM,The doctrine, belief, or principles of the Inralapsarians.
INFRAMARGINAL,Below the margin; submarginal; as, an inframarginal convolutionof the
brain.
INFRAMEDIAN,Of or pertaining to the interval or zone along the sea bottom,at the
depth of between fifty and one hundred fathoms. E. Forbes.
INFRAMUNDANE,Lying or situated beneath the world.
INFRANCHISE,See Enfranchise.
INFRANGIBILITY,The quality or state of being infrangible; infrangibleness.
INFRANGIBLENESS,The state or quality of being infrangible; infrangibility.
INFRAOCULAR,Situated below the eyes, as the antenna of certain insects.
INFRAORBITAL,Below the orbit; as, the infraorbital foramen; the infraorbitalnerve.
INFRAPOSE,To place under or beneath. [R.]
INFRAPOSITION,A situation or position beneath. Kane.
INFRASCAPULAR,Beneath the scapula, or shoulder blade; subscapular.
INFRASPINAL,Below the spine; infraspinal; esp., below the spine of thescapula; as,
the infraspinous fossa; the infraspinate muscle.
INFRASTAPEDIAL,Of or pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, whichin many
animals projects below the connection with the stapes.-- n.
INFRASTERNAL,Below the sternum; as, the infrasternal depression, or pit ofthe
stomach.
INFRATEMPORAL,Below the temple; below the temporal bone.
INFRATERRITORIAL,Within the territory of a state. Story.
INFRATROCHLEAR,Below a trochlea, or pulley; -- applied esp. to one of
thesubdivisions of the trigeminal nerve.
INFREQUENT,Seldom happening or occurring; rare; uncommon; unusual.The act whereof
is at this day infrequent or out of use among allsorts of men. Sir T. Elyot.
INFREQUENTLY,Not frequently; rarely.
INFRIGIDATE,To chill; to make cold; to cool. [Obs.] Boyle.
INFRIGIDATION,The act of chilling or causing to become cold; a chilling;coldness;
congelation. [Obs.] Boyle.
INFRINGER,One who infringes or violates; a violator. Strype.
INFRUCTUOSE,Not producing fruit; unfruitful; unprofitable. [R.] T. Adams.
INFRUGAL,Not frugal; wasteful; as, an infrugal expense of time. J.Goodman.
INFRUGIFEROUS,Not bearing fruit; not fructiferous.
INFUCATE,To stain; to paint; to daub.
INFUCATION,The act of painting or staining, especially of painting theface.
INFULA,A sort of fillet worn by dignitaries, priests, and others amongthe ancient
Romans. It was generally white.
INFUMATE,To dry by exposing to smoke; to expose to smoke.
INFUMATED,Clouded; having a cloudy appearance.
INFUMATION,Act of drying in smoke.
INFUMED,Dried in smoke; smoked.
INFUNDIBULIFORM,Same as Funnelform.
INFUNDIBULUM,A funnel-shaped or dilated organ or part; as, the infundibulumof the
brain, a hollow, conical process, connecting the floor of thethird ventricle with
the pituitary body; the infundibula of thelungs, the enlarged terminations of the
bronchial tubes.
INFUNERAL,To inter with funeral rites; to bury. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
INFURCATION,A forked exlpansion or divergence; a bifurcation; a branching.Craig.
INFURIATE,Enraged; rading; furiously angry; infuriated. Milton.Inflamed beyond the
most infuriate wrath. Thomson.
INFURIATED,Enraged; furious.
INFUSCATE,To darken; to make black; to obscure.
INFUSCATED,Darkened with a blackish tinge.
INFUSCATION,The act of darkening, or state of being dark; darkness;obscurity.
Johnson.
INFUSE,Infusion. [Obs.] Spenser.
INFUSER,One who, or that which, infuses.
INFUSIBILITY,Capability of being infused, pouredin, or instilled.
INFUSIBLE,Capable of being infused.Doctrines being infusible into all. Hammond.
INFUSIBLENESS,Infusibility.
INFUSIONISM,The doctrine that the soul is preexistent to the body, and isinfused
into it at conception or birth; -- opposed to tradicianismand creationism.
INFUSIVE,Having the power of infusion; inspiring; influencing.The infusive force of
Spirit on man. Thomson.
INFUSORIA,One of the classes of Protozoa, including a large number ofspecies, all
of minute size.
INFUSORIAL,Belonging to the Infusoria; composed of, or containing,Infusoria; as,
infusorial earth. Infusorial earth (Geol.), a depositof fine, usually white,
siliceous material, composed mainly of theshells of the microscopic plants called
diatoms. It is used inpolishing powder, and in the manufacture of dynamite.
INFUSORIAN,One of the Infusoria.
INFUSORY,Infusorial.
ING,A pasture or meadow; generally one lying low, near a river.[Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
INGANNATION,Cheat; deception. [Obs.] Sir T. Brown.
INGATE,The aperture in a mold for pouring in the metal; the gate.Simmonds.
INGATHERING,The act or business of gathering or collecting anything;especially, the
gathering of the fruits of the earth; harvest.Thou shalt keep . . . the feast of
ingathering. Ex. xxii. 16.
INGELABLE,Not congealable.
INGEMINATE,Redoubled; repeated. Jer. Taylor.
INGEMINATION,Repetition; reduplication; reiteration. De Quincey.That Sacred
ingemination, Amen, Amen. Featley.Happiness with an echo or ingemination.
Holdsworth.
INGENA,The gorilla.
INGENDER,See Engender.
INGENERABILLTY,Incapacity of being engendered or produced. Cudworth.
INGENERABLE,Incapble of being engendered or produced; original. Holland.
INGENERABLY,In an ingenerable manner.
INGENERATE,Generated within; inborn; innate; as, ingenerate powers ofbody. W.
Wotton.Those virtues were rather feigned and affected . . . than truequalities
ingenerate in his judgment. Bacon.
INGENERATION,Act of ingenerating.
INGENIATE,To invent; to contrive. [Obs.] Daniel.
INGENIE,See Ingeny.
INGENIOSITY,Ingenuity; skill; cunning. [Obs.] Cudworth.
INGENIOUSLY,In an ingenious manner; with ingenuity; skillfully;
wittily;cleverly."Too ingeniously politic." Sir W. Temple.
INGENIOUSNESS,The quality or state of being ingenious; ingenuity.
INGENUE,An ingenuous or naïve girl or young woman, or an actressrepresenting such a
person.
INGENUOUSLY,In an ingenuous manner; openly; fairly; candidly; artlessly.Being
required to explane himself, he ingeniously confessed. Ludlow.
INGENY,Natural gift or talent; ability; wit; ingenuity. [Obs.][Written also
ingenie.] Becon.
INGERMINATE,To cause to germinate.
INGEST,To take into, or as into, the stomach or alimentary canal. SirT. Browne.
INGESTA,That which is introduced into the body by the stomach oralimentary canal;
-- opposed to egesta.
INGESTION,The act of taking or putting into the stomach; as, theingestion of milk
or other food.
INGHALLA,The reedbuck of South Africa. [Written also ingali.]
INGIRT,To encircle to gird; to engirt.The wreath is ivy that ingirts our beams.
Drayton.
INGLE,Flame; blaze; a fire; a fireplace. [Obs. or Scot.] Burns. Inglenock, the
chimney corner.-- Ingle side, Ingle cheek, the fireside.
INGLOBATE,In the form of a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous mattercollected
into a sphere by the force of gravitation.
INGLOBE,To infix, as in a globe; to fix or secure firmly. [Obs.]Milton.
INGLORIOUSLY,In an inglorious manner; dishonorably; with shame;ignominiously;
obscurely.
INGLORIOUSNESS,The state of being inglorious.
INGLUT,To glut. [R.] Ascham.
INGLUVIAL,Of or pertaining to the indulges or crop of birds.
INGLUVIES,The crop, or craw, of birds.
INGLUVIOUS,Gluttonous. [Obs.] Blount.
INGORGE,See Engorge. Milton.
INGOT STEEL,Steel cast in ingots from the Bessemer converter or open-hearthfurnace.
INGRACE,To ingratiate. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
INGRACIOUS,Ungracious; unkind. [Obs.] Holland.
INGRAFF,See Ingraft. [Obs.]
INGRAFTER,A person who ingrafts.
INGRAIN,An ingrain fabric, as a carpet.
INGRAPPLE,To seize; to clutch; to grapple. [Obs.] Drayton.
INGRATE,Ingrateful. [Obs. or Poetic] Bacon.
INGRATELY,Ungratefully. [Obs.]
INGRATIATE,To gain favor. [R.] Sir W. Temple.
INGRATITUDE,Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or illreturn
for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness;ungratefulness.Ingratitude, thou
marble-hearted fiend. Shak.Ingratitude is abhorred both by God and man. L'Estrange.
INGRAVE,To engrave. [R.] "Whose gleaming rind ingrav'n." Tennyson.
INGRAVIDATE,To impregnate. [Obs.] Fuller.
INGRAVIDATION,The state of being pregnant or impregnated. [Obs.]
INGREAT,To make great; to enlarge; to magnify. [Obs.] Fotherby.
INGREDIENT,That which enters into a compound, or is a component part ofany
combination or mixture; an element; a constituent.By way of analysis we may proceed
from compounds to ingredients. SirI. Newton.Water is the chief ingredient in all
the animal fluids and solids.Arbuthnot.
INGRESS,The entrance of the moon into the shadow of the earth ineclipses, the sun's
entrance into a sign, etc.
INGRESSION,Act of entering; entrance. Sir K. Digby.
INGRIEVE,To render more grievous; to aggravate. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
INGROOVE,To groove in; to join in or with a groove. Tennyson.
INGROSS,See Engross.
INGROWING,Growing or appearing to grow into some other substance.Ingrowing nail,
one whose edges are becoming imbedded in the adjacentflesh.
INGROWTH,A growth or development inward. J. LeConte.
INGUEN,The groin.
INGUILTY,Not guilty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INGUINAL,Of or pertaining to, or in the region of, the inguen or groin;as, an
inguinal canal or ligament; inguinal hernia. Inguinal ring.See Abdominal ring,
under Abdominal.
INGULF,To swallow up or overwhelm in, or as in, a gulf; to cast into agulf. See
Engulf.A river large . . . Passed underneath ingulfed. Milton.
INGULFMENT,The act of ingulfing, or the state of being ingulfed.
INGURGITATE,To guzzle; to swill. Burton.
INGURGITATION,The act of swallowing greedily or immoderately; that which isso
swallowed. E. Darwin.He drowned his stomach and senses with a large draught
andingurgitation of wine. Bacon.
INGUSTABLE,Tasteless; insipid. Sir T. Browne.
INHABILITY,Unsuitableness; unaptness; unfitness; inability. [Obs.] Barrow.
INHABIT,To live or dwell in; to occupy, as a place of settledresidence; as, wild
beasts inhabit the forest; men inhabit cities andhouses.The high and lofty One,
that inhabiteth eternity. Is. lvii. 15.O, who would inhabit This bleak world alone
Moore.
INHABITABLE,Capable of being inhabited; habitable.Systems of inhabitable planets.
Locke.
INHABITANT,One who has a legal settlement in a town, city, or parish; apermanent
resident.
INHABITATE,To inhabit. [Obs.]
INHABITATIVENESS,A tendency or propensity to permanent residence in a place
orabode; love of home and country.
INHABITED,Uninhabited. [Obs.] Brathwait.
INHABITER,An inhabitant. [R.] Derham.
INHABITIVENESS,See Inhabitativeness.What the phrenologists call inhabitiveness.
Lowell.
INHABITRESS,A female inhabitant. [R.]
INHALANT,Inhaling; used for inhaling.
INHALATION,The act of inhaling; also, that which is inhaled.
INHALE,To breathe or draw into the lungs; to inspire; as, to inhaleair; -- opposed
to exhale.Martin was walking forth to inhale the fresh breeze of the
evening.Arbuthnot.
INHALENT,Used for inhaling; as, the inhalent end of a duct. Dana.
INHANCE,See Enhance.
INHARMONIOUSLY,Without harmony.
INHARMONIOUSNESS,The quality of being inharmonious; want of harmony; discord.The
inharmoniousness of a verse. A. Tucker.
INHARMONY,Want of harmony.
INHEARSE,To put in, or as in, a hearse or coffin. Shak.
INHERE,To be inherent; to stick (in); to be fixed or permanentlyincorporated with
something; to cleave (to); to belong, as attributesor qualities.They do but inhere
in the subject that supports them. Digby.
INHERENT,Permanently existing in something; inseparably attached orconnected;
naturally pertaining to; innate; inalienable; as, polarityis an inherent quality of
the magnet; the inherent right of men tolife, liberty, and protection. "A most
inherent baseness." Shak.The sore disease which seems inherent in civilization.
Southey.
INHERENTLY,By inherence; inseparably.Matter hath inherently and essentially such an
internal energy.Bentley.
INHERIT,To take by descent from an ancestor; to take by inheritance; totake as heir
on the death of an ancestor or other person to whoseestate one succeeds; to receive
as a right or title descendible bylaw from an ancestor at his decease; as, the heir
inherits the landor real estate of his father; the eldest son of a nobleman
inheritshis father's title; the eldest son of a king inherits the crown.
INHERITABILITY,The quality of being inheritable or descendible to heirs.Jefferson.
INHERITABLE,Capable of taking by inheritance, or of receiving by descent;capable of
succeeding to, as an heir.By attainder . . . the blood of the person attainted is
so corruptedas to be rendered no longer inheritable. Blackstone.The eldest daughter
of the king is also alone inheritable to thecrown on failure of issue male.
Blackstone.Inheritable blood, blood or relationship by which a person
becomesqualified to be an heir, or to transmit possessions by inheritance.
INHERITABLY,By inheritance. Sherwood.
INHERITANCE,Transmission and reception by animal or plant generation.
INHERITOR,One who inherits; an heir.Born inheritors of the dignity. Milton.
INHERITRESS,A heiress. Milman.
INHERITRIX,Same as Inheritress. Shak.
INHERSE,See Inhearse.
INHESION,The state of existing, of being inherent, in something;inherence. A.
Baxter.Constant inhesion and habitual abode. South.
INHIATION,A gaping after; eager desire; craving. [R.] Bp. Hall.
INHIBITION,A stopping or checking of an already present action; arestraining of the
function of an organ, or an agent, as a digestivefluid or ferment, etc.; as, the
inhibition of the respiratory centerby the pneumogastric nerve; the inhibition of
reflexes, etc.
INHIBITOR,That which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory nerve.
INHIBITORY,Of or pertaining to, or producing, inhibition; consisting ininhibition;
tending or serving to inhibit; as, the inhibitory actionof the pneumogastric on the
respiratory center.I would not have you consider these criticisms as inhibitory.
Lamb.Inhibitory nerves (Physiol.), those nerves which modify, inhibit, orsuppress a
motor or secretory act already in progress.
INHIBITORY-MOTOR,A term applied to certain nerve centers which govern orrestrain
subsidiary centers, from which motor impressions issue.McKendrick.
INHIVE,To place in a hive; to hive.
INHOLD,To have inherent; to contain in itself; to possess. [Obs.] SirW. Raleigh.
INHOLDER,An inhabitant. [Obs.] Spenser.
INHOOP,To inclose in a hoop, or as in a hoop. [R.] Shak.
INHOSPITALITY,The quality or state of being inhospitable; inhospitableness;lack of
hospitality. Bp. Hall.
INHUMANITY,The quality or state of being inhuman; cruelty; barbarity.Man's
inhumanity to man Makes countless thousands mourn. Burns.
INHUMANLY,In an inhuman manner; cruelly; barbarously.
INHUMATE,To inhume; to bury; to inter. Hedge.
INHUMATION,The act of burying vessels in warm earth in order to exposetheir
contents to a steady moderate heat; the state of being thusexposed.
INIA,A South American freshwater dolphin (Inia Boliviensis). It isten or twelve
feet long, and has a hairy snout.
INIAL,Pertaining to the inion.
INIMAGINABLE,Unimaginable; inconceivable. [R.] Bp. Pearson.
INIMICALITY,The state or quality of being inimical or hostile;
hostility;unfriendliness. [R.]
INIMICALLY,In an inimical manner.
INIMICITIOUS,Inimical; unfriendly. [R.] Sterne.
INIMICOUS,Inimical; hurtful. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INIMITABILITY,The quality or state of being inimitable; inimitableness.Norris.
INIMITABLE,Not capable of being imitated, copied, or counterfeited;
beyondimitation; surpassingly excellent; matchless; unrivaled; exceptional;unique;
as, an inimitable style; inimitable eloquence. "Inimitableforce." Dryden.Performing
such inimitable feats. Cowper.-- In*im"i*ta*ble*ness, n.-- In*im"i*ta*bly, adv.
INION,The external occipital protuberance of the skull.
INIQUITOUS,Characterized by iniquity; unjust; wicked; as, an iniquitousbargain; an
iniquitous proceeding.Demagogues . . . bribed to this iniquitous service. Burke.
INIQUITOUSLY,In an iniquitous manner; unjustly; wickedly.
INIQUOUS,Iniquitous. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INIRRITABLE,Not irritable; esp. (Physiol.), incapable of being stimulatedto action,
as a muscle.-- In*ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty, n.
INIRRITATIVE,Not accompanied with excitement; as, an inirritative fever. E.Darwin.
INISLE,To form into an island; to surround. [Obs.] Drayton.
INITIAL,The first letter of a word or a name.
INITIALLY,In an initial or incipient manner or degree; at the beginning.Barrow.
INITIATE,To do the first act; to perform the first rite; to take theinitiative.
[R.] Pope.
INITIATIVE,Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory;preliminary.
INITIATOR,One who initiates.
INITIATORY,An introductory act or rite. [R.]
INITION,Initiation; beginning. [Obs.] Sir R. Naunton.
INJECT,To fill (a vessel, cavity, or tissue) with a fluid or othersubstance; as, to
inject the blood vessels.
INJECTOR,A contrivance for forcing feed water into a steam boiler by thedirect
action of the steam upon the water. The water is driven intothe boiler by the
impulse of a jet of the steam which becomescondensed as soon as it strikes the
stream of cold water it impels; -- also called Giffard's injector, from the
inventor.
INJELLY,To place in jelly. [R.]
INJOIN,See Enjoin.
INJOINT,To join; to unite. [R.] Shak.
INJUCUNDITY,Unpleassantness; disagreeableness. [Obs.] Cockeram.
INJUDICABLE,Not cognizable by a judge. [Obs.] Bailey.
INJUDICIAL,Not according to the forms of law; not judicial. [R.]
INJUDICIOUSLY,In an injudicious manner.
INJUDICIOUSNESS,The quality of being injudicious; want of sound
judgment;indiscretion. Whitlock.
INJUNCTION,A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, insomecases, under
statutes, by a court of law,whereby a party is requiredto do or to refrain from
doing certain acts, according to theexigency of the writ.
INJURE,To do harm to; to impair the excellence and value of; to hurt;to damage; --
used in a variety of senses; as: (a) To hurt or wound,as the person; to impair
soundness, as of health. (b) To damage orlessen the value of, as goods or estate.
(c) To slander, tarnish, orimpair, as reputation or character. (d) To impair or
diminish, ashappiness or virtue. (e) To give pain to, as the sensibilities or
thefeelings; to grieve; to annoy. (f) To impair, as the intellect ormind.When have
I injured thee when done thee wrong Shak.
INJURER,One who injures or wrongs.
INJURIA,Injury; invasion of another's rights.
INJURIOUSLY,In an injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully;mischievously.
INJURIOUSNESS,The quality of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness; injury.
INJURY,Any damage or violation of, the person, character, feelings,rights,
property, or interests of an individual; that which injures,or occasions wrong,
loss, damage, or detriment; harm; hurt; loss;mischief; wrong; evil; as, his health
was impaired by a severeinjury; slander is an injury to the character.For he that
doeth injury shall receve that he did evil. Wyclif(Col.iii. 25).Many times we do
injury to a cause by dwelling on trifling arguments.I. Watts.Riot ascends above
their loftiest towers, And injury and outrage.Milton.
INK,The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstonespindle runs.
INKER,One who, or that which, inks; especially, in printing, the pador roller which
inks the type.
INKFISH,A cuttlefish. See Cuttlefish.
INKHORN,A small bottle of horn or other material formerly used forholding ink; an
inkstand; a portable case for writing materials."With a writer's inkhorn by his
side." Ezek. ix. 2.From his pocket the notary drew his papers and inkhorn.
Longfellow.
INKHORNISM,Pedantry. Sir T. Wilson.
INKINESS,The state or quality of being inky; blackness.
INKING,Supplying or covering with ink. Inking roller, a somewhatelastic roller,used
to spread ink over forms of type, copperplates,etc.-- Inking trough or table, a
trough or table from which the inkingroller receives its ink.
INKLE,A kind of tape or braid. Shak.
INKLING,A hint; an intimation.The least inkling or glimpse of this island.
Bacon.They had some inkling of secret messages. Clarendon.
INKNEE,Same as Knock-knee.
INKNEED,See Knock-kneed.
INKNOT,To fasten or bind, as with a knot; to knot together. Fuller.
INKSTAND,A small vessel for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, adevice for
holding ink and writing materials.
INKSTONE,A kind of stone containing native vitriol or subphate of iron,used in
making ink.
INKY,Consisting of, or resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black."Inky blots." Shak.
"Its inky blackness." Boyle.
INLACE,To work in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace;also, to lace or
enlace. P. Fletcher.
INLAGATION,The restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of thelaw;
inlawing. Bouvier.
INLAID,of Inlay.
INLAND,The interior part of a country. Shak.
INLANDER,One who lives in the interior of a country, or at a distancefrom the sea.
Sir T. Browne.
INLANDISH,Inland. [Obs.] T. Reeve(1657)
INLAPIDATE,To convert into a stony substance; to petrity. [R.] Bacon.
INLARD,See Inlard.
INLAW,To clear of outlawry or attainder; to place under theprotection of the law.
Burrill.
INLAY,To lay within; hence, to insert, as pieces of pearl, iviry,choice woods, or
the like, in a groundwork of some other material; toform an ornamental surface; to
diversify or adorn with insertions.Look,how the floor of heaven Is thick inlaid
with patines of brightgold. Shak.But these things are . . . borrowed by the monks
to inlay theirstory. Milton.
INLAYER,One who inlays, or whose occupation it is to inlay.
INLEAGUE,To ally, or form an alliance witgh; to unite; to combine.With a
willingness inleague our blood With his, for purchase of fullgrowth in friendship.
Ford.
INLEAGUER,To beleaguer. Holland.
INLIGHTEN,See Enlighten.
INLIST,See Enlist.
INLIVE,To animate. [R.] B. Jonson.
INLOCK,To lock in, or inclose.
INLUMINE,See Illumine.
INLY,Internal; interior; secret.Didst thou but know the inly touch of love. Shak.
INMACY,The state of being an inmate. [R.] Craig.
INMATE,One who lives in the same house or apartment with another; afellow lodger;
esp.,one of the occupants of an asylum, hospital, orprison; by extension, one who
occupies or lodges in any place ordwelling.So spake the enemy of mankind, inclos'd
In serpent, inmate bad.Milton.
INMEATS,The edible viscera of animals, as the heart, liver, etc.
INMESH,To bring within meshes, as of a net; to enmesh.
INMEW,To inclose, as in a mew or cage. [R.] "Inmew the town below."Beau. & Fl.
INMOST,Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part;innermost.And
pierce the inmost center of the earth. Shak.The silent, slow, consuming fires,
Which on my inmost vitals prey.Addison.
INN,To take lodging; to lodge. [R.] Addison.
INNATE,Originating in, or derived from, the constitution of theintellect, as
opposed to acquired from experience; as, innate ideas.See A priori, Intuitive.There
is an innate light in every man, discovering to him the firstlines of duty in the
common notions of good and evil. South.Men would not be guilty if they did not
carry in their mind commonnotions of morality,innate and written in divine letters.
Fleming(Origen).If I could only show,as I hope I shall . . . how men, barely by
theuse of their natural faculties, may attain to all the knowledge theyhave,
without the help of any innate impressions; and may arrive atcertainty without any
such original notions or principles. Locke.
INNATELY,Naturally.
INNATENESS,The quality of being innate.
INNATIVE,Native. [Obs.] Chapman.
INNAVIGABLE,Incapable of being navigated; impassable by ships or vessels.Drygen.--
In*nav"i*ga*bly, adv.
INNE,In. [Obs.]And eke in what array that they were inne. Chaucer.
INNERLY,More within. [Obs.] Baret.
INNERMOST,Farthest inward; most remote from the outward part; inmost;deepest
within. Prov. xviii. 8.
INNERMOSTLY,In the innermost place. [R.]His ebon cross worn innermostly. Mrs.
Browning.
INNERVATE,To supply with nerves; as, the heart is innervated bypneumogastric and
sympathetic branches.
INNERVATION,Special activity excited in any part of the nervous system orin any
organ of sense or motion; the nervous influence necessary forthe maintenance of
life,and the functions of the various organs.
INNERVE,To give nervous energy or power to; to give increasedenergy,force,or
courage to; to invigorate; to stimulate.
INNHOLDER,One who keeps an inn.
INNING,Lands recovered from the sea. Ainsworth.
INNITENCY,A leaning; pressure; weight. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INNIXION,Act of leaning upon something; incumbency. [Obs.] Derham.
INNKEEPER,An innholder.
INNOCENCY,Innocence.
INNOCENTLY,In an innocent manner.
INNOCUITY,Innocuousness.
INNOCUOUS,Harmless; producing no ill effect; innocent.A patient, innocuous,
innocent man. Burton.-- In*noc"u*ous*ly, adv.-- In*noc"u*ous*ness, n.Where the salt
sea innocuously breaks. Wordsworth.
INNODATE,To bind up,as in a knot; to include. [Obs.] Fuller.
INNOMINABLE,Not to be named. [R.] Testament of Love.
INNOMINATE,A term used in designating many parts otherwise unnamed; as,the
innominate artery, a great branch of the arch of the aorta; theinnominate vein, a
great branch of the superior vena cava. Innominatebone (Anat.), the great bone
which makes a lateral half of the pelvisin mammals; hip bone; haunch bone; huckle
bone. It is composed ofthree bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, consolidated into
one in theadult, though separate in the fetus, as also in many adult reptilesand
amphibians.-- Innominate contracts (Law), in the Roman law, contracts without
aspecific name.
INNOVATE,To introduce novelties or changes; -- sometimes with in or on.Bacon.Every
man,therefore,is not fit to innovate. Dryden.
INNOVATION,A newly formed shoot, or the annually produced addition to thestems of
many mosses.
INNOVATIONIST,One who favors innovation.
INNOVATIVE,Characterized by, or introducing, innovations. Fitzed. Hall.
INNOVATOR,One who innovates. Shak.
INNUBILOUS,Cloudless. [Obs.] Blount.
INNUENDO,An averment employed in pleading, to point the application ofmatter
otherwise unintelligible; an interpretative parenthesis throwninto quoted matter to
explain an obscure word or words; -- as, theplaintiff avers that the defendant said
that he (innuendo theplaintiff) was a thief. Wharton.
INNUENT,Conveying a hint; significant. [Obs.] Burton.
INNUIT,An Eskimo.
INNUMERABILITY,State of being innumerable. Fotherby.
INNUMERABLE,Not capable of being counted, enumerated, or numbered, formultitude;
countless; numberless; unnumbered, hence, indefinitelynumerous; of great
number.Innumerable as the stars of night. Milton.-- In*nu"mer*a*ble*ness, n.--
In*nu"mer*a*bly, adv.
INNUMEROUS,Innumerable. [Archaic] Milton.
INNUTRITION,Want of nutrition; failure of nourishment. E. Darwin.
INNUTRITIOUS,Not nutritious; not furnishing nourishment.
INNUTRITIVE,Innutritious.
INNYARD,The yard adjoining an inn.
INOBEDIENCE,Disobedience. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.
INOBEDIENT,Not obedient; disobedient. [Obs.] Chaucer.-- In`o*be"di*ent*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
INOBSERVABLE,Not observable.
INOBSERVANCE,Want or neglect of observance. Bacon.
INOBSERVANT,Not observant; regardless; heedless. Bp. Hurd.-- In`ob*serv"ant*ly,
adv.
INOBSERVATION,Neglect or want of observation. [R.]
INOBTRUSIVE,Not obtrusive; unobtrusive.-- In`ob*tru"sive*ly, adv.--
In`ob*tru"sive*ness, n.
INOCARPIN,A red, gummy, coloring matter, extracted from the colorlessjuice of the
Otaheite chestnut (Inocarpus edulis).
INOCCUPATION,Want of occupation.
INOCERAMUS,An extinct genus of large, fossil, bivalve shells,allied to themussels.
The genus is characteristic of the Cretaceous period.
INOCULABILITY,The qual ity or state of being inoculable.
INOCULABLE,Capable of being inoculated; capable of communicating disease,or of
being communicated, by inoculation.
INOCULAR,Inserted in the corner of the eye; -- said of the antenn
INOCULATE,To communicate a disease to ( a person ) by insertinginfectious matter in
the skin or flesh; as, to inoculate a personwith the virus of smallpox,rabies, etc.
See Vaccinate.
INOCULATION,The act or practice of communicating a disease to a person inhealth, by
inserting contagious matter in his skin or flesh.
INOCULATOR,One who inoculates; one who propagates plants or diseases byinoculation.
INODIATE,To make odious or hateful. [Obs.] South.
INODORATE,Inodorous. [Obs.] Bacon.
INODOROUS,Emitting no odor; wthout smell; scentless; odorless.-- In*o"dor*ous*ness,
n.
INOFFICIAL,Not official; not having official sanction or authoriy; notaccording to
the forms or ceremony of official business; as,inofficial intelligence.Pinckney and
Marshall would not make inofficial visits to discussofficial business. Pickering.
INOFFICIALLY,Without the usual forms, or not in the official character.
INOFFICIOUS,Regardless of natural obligation; contrary to natural duty;unkind; --
commonly said of a testament made without regard tonatural obligation, or by which
a child is unjustly deprived ofinheritance. "The inofficious testament."
Blackstone. "An inofficiousdisposition of his fortune." Paley.
INOFFICIOUSLY,Not-officiously.
INOGEN,A complex nitrogenous substance, which, by Hermann'shypothesis, is
continually decomposed and reproduced in the muscles,during their life.
INOPERATION,Agency; influence; production of effects. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
INOPERATIVE,Not operative; not active; producing no effects; as, lawsrenderd
inoperative by neglect; inoperative remedies or processes.
INOPINABLE,Not to be expected; inconceivable. [Obs.] "Inopinable,incredible . . .
saings." Latimer.
INOPINATE,Not expected or looked for. [Obs.]
INOPPORTUNE,Not opportune; inconvenient; unseasonable; as, an
inopportuneoccurrence, remark, etc.No visit could have been more inopportune. T.
Hook.
INOPPORTUNELY,Not opportunely; unseasonably; inconveniently.
INOPPORTUNITY,Want of opportunity; unseasonableness; inconvenience. [R.]
INOPPRESSIVE,Not oppressive or burdensome. O. Wolcott.
INOPULENT,Not opulent; not affluent or rich.
INORDINACY,The state or quality of being inordinate; excessiveness;immoderateness;
as, the inordinacy of love or desire. Jer. Taylor.
INORDINATE,Not limited to rules prescribed, or to usual bounds;
irregular;excessive; immoderate; as, an inordinate love of the world."Inordinate
desires." Milton. "Inordinate vanity." Burke.-- In*or"di*nate*ly, adv.--
In*or"di*nate*ness, n.
INORDINATION,Deviation from custom, rule, or right; irregularity;inordinacy. [Obs.]
South.Every inordination of religion that is not in defect, is properlycalled
superstition. Jer. Taylor.
INORGANIC,Not organic; without the organs necessary for life; devoid ofan organized
structure; unorganized; lifeness; inanimate; as, allchemical compounds are
inorganic substances.
INORGANICAL,Inorganic. Locke.
INORGANICALLY,In an inorganic manner.
INORGANITY,Quality of being inorganic. [Obs.] "The inorganity of thesoul." Sir T.
Browne.
INORGANIZATION,The state of being without organization.
INORGANIZED,Not having organic structure; devoid of organs; inorganic.
INORTHOGRAPHY,Deviation from correct orthography; bad spelling. [Obs.]Feltham.
INOSCULATION,The junction or connection of vessels, channels, or passages,so that
their contents pass from one to the other; union by mouths orducts; anastomosis;
intercommunication; as, inosculation of veins,etc. Ray.
INOSINIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, inosite; as, inosinic acid.
INOSITE,A white crystalline substance with a sweet taste, found incertain animal
tissues and fluids, particularly in the muscles of theheart and lungs, also in some
plants, as in unripe pease, beans,potato sprouts, etc. Called also phaseomannite.
INOXIDIZABLE,Incapable of being oxidized; as, gold and platinum areinoxidizable in
the air.
INOXIDIZE,To prevent or hinder oxidation, rust, or decay; as, inoxidizingoils or
varnishes.
INPATIENT,A patient who receives lodging and food, as well as treatment,in a
hospital or an infirmary; -- distinguished from outpatient.
INQUARTATION,Quartation.
INQUIET,To disquiet. [Obs.] Joye.
INQUIETATION,Disturbance. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
INQUIETNESS,Unquietness. [Obs.] Joye.
INQUIETUDE,Disturbed state; uneasiness either of body or mind;restlessness;
disquietude. Sir H. Wotton.
INQUILINE,A gallfly which deposits its eggs in galls formed by otherinsects.
INQUINATE,To defile; to pollute; to contaminate; to befoul. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
INQUINATION,A defiling; pollution; stain. [Obs.] Bacon.
INQUIRABLE,Capable of being inquired into; subject or liable toinquisition or
inquest. Bacon.
INQUIRANCE,Inquiry. [Obs.] Latimer.
INQUIRENT,Making inquiry; inquiring; questioning. [Obs.] Shenstone.
INQUIRER,One who inquires or examines; questioner; investigator. Locke.Expert
inquirers after truth. Cowper.
INQUIRING,Given to inquiry; disposed to investigate causes; curious; as,an
inquiring mind.
INQUIRINGLY,In an inquiring manner.
INQUISIBLE,Admitting judicial inquiry. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
INQUISITION,A court or tribunal for the examination and punishment ofheretics,
fully established by Pope Gregory IX. in 1235. Itsoperations were chiefly confined
to Spain, Portugal, and theirdependencies, and a part of Italy.
INQUISITIONAL,Relating to inquiry or inquisition; inquisitorial; also, of
orpertaining to, or characteristic of, the Inquisition.All the inquisitional
rigor . . . executed upon books. Milton.
INQUISITIONARY,Inquisitional.
INQUISITIVE,A person who is inquisitive; one curious in research. Sir W.Temple.
INQUISITIVELY,In an inquisitive manner.The occasion that made him afterwards so
inquisitively apply himselfto the study of physic. Boyle.
INQUISITIVENESS,The quality or state of being inquisitive; the disposition toseek
explanation and information; curiosity to learn what is unknown;esp., uncontrolled
and impertinent curiosity.Mr. Boswell, whose inquisitiveness is seconded by great
activity,scrambled in at a high window. Johnson.Curiosity in children nature has
provided, to remove that ignorancethey were born with; which, without this busy
inquisitiveness, willmake them dull. Locke.
INQUISITOR,One whose official duty it is to examine and inquire, ascoroners,
sheriffs, etc. Mozley & W.
INQUISITORIALLY,In an inquisitorial manner.
INQUISITORIOUS,Making strict inquiry; inquisitorial. [Obs.] Milton.
INQUISITURIENT,Inquisitorial. [Obs.] "Our inquisiturient bishops." Milton.
INRACINATE,To enroot or implant.
INRAIL,To rail in; to inclose or surround, as with rails. Hooker.
INREGISTER,To register; to enter, as in a register. [R.] Walsh.
INRO,A small closed receptacle or set of receptacles of hardmaterial, as lacquered
wood, iron, bronze, or ivory, used by theJapanese to hold medicines, perfumes, and
the like, and carried inthe girdle. It is usually secured by a silk cord by which
the wearermay grasp it, which cord passes through an ornamental button or
knobcalled a netsuke.
INROAD,The entrance of an enemy into a country with purposes ofhostility; a sudden
or desultory incursion or invasion; raid;encroachment.The loss of Shrewsbury
exposed all North Wales to the daily inroadsof the enemy. Clarendon.With perpetual
inroads to alarm, Though inaccessible, his fatalthrone. Milton.
INROLL,See Enroll.
INRUNNING,The act or the place of entrance; an inlet. Tennyson.
INRUSH,A rush inwards; as, the inrush of the tide. G. Eliot.
INSABBATATI,The Waldenses; -- so called from their peculiary cut or markedsabots,
or shoes.
INSAFETY,Insecurity; danger. [Obs.]
INSALIVATION,The mixing of the food with the saliva and other secretions ofthe
mouth in eating.
INSALUBRIOUS,Not salubrious or healthful; unwholesome; as, an insalubriousair or
climate.
INSALUBRITY,Unhealthfulness; unwholesomeness; as, the insalubrity of air,water, or
climate. Boyle.
INSANABILITY,The state of being insanable or incurable; insanableness.
INSANABLE,Not capable of being healed; incurable; irremediable.
INSANABLENESS,The state of being insanable; insanability; incurableness.
INSANABLY,In an incurable manner.
INSANELY,Without reason; madly; foolishly.
INSANENESS,Insanity; madness.
INSANIATE,To render unsound; to make mad. [Obs.] Feltham.
INSANIE,Insanity. [Obs.] Shak.
INSANITARY,Not sanitary; unhealthy; as, insanitary conditions of drainage.
INSANITATION,Lack of sanitation; careless or dangerous hygienic conditions.
INSANITY,Such a mental condition, as, either from the existence ofdelusions, or
from incapacity to distinguish between right and wrong,with regard to any matter
under action, does away with individualresponsibility.
INSAPORY,Tasteless; unsavory. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.
INSATIABILITY,The state or quality of being insatiable; insatiableness.Eagerness
for increase of possession deluges the soul, and we sinkinto the gulfs of
insatiability. Rambler.
INSATIABLE,Not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased; verygreedy; as,
an insatiable appetite, thirst, or desire."Insatiable of glory." Milton.
INSATIABLENESS,Greediness of appetite that can not be satisfied or
appeased;insatiability.The eye of the covetous hath a more particular
insatiableness. Bp.Hall.
INSATIABLY,In an insatiable manner or degree; unappeasably. "Insatiablycovetous."
South.
INSATIATE,Insatiable; as, insatiate thirst.The insatiate greediness of his desires.
Shak.And still insatiate, thirsting still for blood. Hook.
INSATIATELY,Insatiably. Sir T. Herbert.
INSATIATENESS,The state of being insatiate.
INSATIETY,Insatiableness. T. Grander.
INSATURABLE,Not capable of being saturated or satisfied.
INSCIENCE,Want of knowledge; ignorance. [Obs.]
INSCIENT,Having little or no knowledge; ignorant; stupid; silly. [R.] N.Bacon.
INSCONCE,See Ensconce.
INSCRIBABLE,Capable of being inscribed, -- used specif. (Math.) of solidsor plane
figures capable of being inscribed in other solids orfigures.
INSCRIBABLENESS,Quality of being inscribable.
INSCRIBE,To draw within so as to meet yet not cut the boundaries.
INSCRIBER,One who inscribes. Pownall.
INSCRIPTIBLE,Capable of being inscribed; inscribable.
INSCRIPTION,A line of division or intersection; as, the tendinousinscriptions, or
intersections, of a muscle.
INSCRIPTIVE,Bearing inscription; of the character or nature of aninscription.
INSCROLL,To write on a scroll; to record. [Written also inscrol.] Shak.
INSCRUTABILITY,The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutableness.
INSCRUTABLE,Unsearchable; incapable of being searched into and understoodby inquiry
or study; impossible or difficult to be explained oraccounted for satisfactorily;
obscure; incomprehensible; as, aninscrutable design or event.'T is not in man To
yield a reason for the will of Heaven Which isinscrutable. Beau. & Fl.Waiving a
question so inscrutable as this. De Quincey.
INSCRUTABLENESS,The quality or state of being inscrutable; inscrutability.
INSCRUTABLY,In an inscrutable manner.
INSCULP,To engrave; to carve; to sculpture. [Obs. & R.] Shak.Which he insculped in
two likely stones. Drayton.
INSCULPTION,Inscription. [Obs.]
INSCULPTURE,An engraving, carving, or inscription. [Obs.]On his gravestone this
insculpture. Shak.
INSCULPTURED,Engraved. Glover.
INSEAM,To impress or mark with a seam or cicatrix. Pope.
INSEARCH,To make search after; to investigate or examine; to ensearch.[Obs.]
INSECABLE,Incapable of being divided by cutting; indivisible.
INSECT,One of the Insecta; esp., one of the Hexapoda. See Insecta.
INSECTA,One of the classes of Arthropoda, including those that have onepair of
antennæ, three pairs of mouth organs, and breathe air bymeans of tracheæ, opening
by spiracles along the sides of the body.In this sense it includes the Hexapoda, or
six-legged insects and theMyriapoda, with numerous legs. See Insect, n.
INSECTARY,A place for keeping living insects.-- In`sec*ta"ri*um, n. Etym: [L.]
INSECTATION,The act of pursuing; pursuit; harassment; persecution. [Obs.]Sir T.
More.
INSECTATOR,A pursuer; a persecutor; a censorious critic. [Obs.] Bailey.
INSECTED,Pertaining to, having the nature of, or resembling, an insect.Howell.
INSECTICIDE,An agent or preparation for destroying insects; an insectpowder.--
In*sec"ti*ci`dal, a.
INSECTILE,Pertaining to, or having the nature of, insects. Bacon.
INSECTION,A cutting in; incisure; incision.
INSECTIVORE,One of the Insectivora.
INSECTIVOROUS,Feeding or subsisting on insects; carnivorous. The term isapplied:
(a) to
INSECTOLOGER,An entomologist. [Obs.]
INSECTOLOGY,Entomology. [Obs.]
INSECURELY,In an insecure manner.
INSECURENESS,Insecurity.
INSECUTION,A following after; close pursuit. [Obs.] Chapman.
INSEMINATE,To sow; to impregnate. [Obs.]
INSEMINATION,A sowing. [Obs.]
INSENSATE,Wanting sensibility; destitute of sense; stupid; foolish.The silence and
the calm Of mute, insensate things. Wordsworth.The meddling folly or insensate
ambition of statesmen. Buckle.-- In*sen"sate*ly, adv.-- In*sen"sate*ness, n.
INSENSE,To make to understand; to instruct. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
INSENSIBLENESS,Insensibility. Bp. Hall.
INSENSIBLY,In a manner not to be felt or perceived; imperceptibly;gradually.The
hills rise insensibly. Addison.
INSENSITIVE,Not sensitive; wanting sensation, or wanting acute
sensibility.Tillotson. Ruskin.
INSENSUOUS,Not sensuous; not pertaining to, affecting, or addressing,
thesenses.That intermediate door Betwixt the different planes of sensuous formAnd
form insensuous. Mrs. Browning.
INSENTIENT,Not sentient; not having perception, or the power ofperception.The . . .
attributes of an insentient, inert substance. Reid.But there can be nothing like to
this sensation in the rose, becauseit is insentient. Sir W. Hamilton.
INSEPARABILITY,The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparableness.Locke.
INSEPARABLE,Invariably attached to some word, stem, or root; as, theinseparable
particle un-.
INSEPARABLENESS,The quality or state of being inseparable; inseparability.
Bp.Burnet.
INSEPARABLY,In an inseparable manner or condition; so as not to beseparable.
Bacon.And cleaves through life inseparably close. Cowper.
INSEPARATE,Not separate; together; united. Shak.
INSEPARATELY,Inseparably. [Obs.] Cranmer.
INSERT,To set within something; to put or thrust in; to introduce; tocause to
enter, or be included, or contained; as, to insert a scionin a stock; to insert a
letter, word, or passage in a composition; toinsert an advertisement in a
newspaper.These words were very weakly inserted where they will be so liable
tomisconstruction. Bp. Stillingfleet.
INSERTED,Situated upon, attached to, or growing out of, some part; --said
especially of the parts of the flower; as, the calyx, corolla,and stamens of many
flowers are inserted upon the receptacle. Gray.
INSERTION,The point or part by which a muscle or tendon is attached tothe part to
be moved; -- in contradistinction to its origin.Epigynous insertion (Bot.), the
insertion of stamens upon the ovary.-- Hypogynous insertion (Bot.), insertion
beneath the ovary.
INSERVE,To be of use to an end; to serve. [Obs.]
INSERVIENT,Conducive; instrumental. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INSESSOR,One of the Insessores. The group includes most of the commonsinging birds.
INSESSORES,An order of birds, formerly established to include the perchingbirds,
but now generally regarded as an artificial group.
INSET,To infix. [Obs.] Chaucer.
INSEVERABLE,Incapable of being severed; indivisible; inseparable. DeQuincey.
INSHADED,Marked with different shades. W. Browne.
INSHAVE,A plane for shaving or dressing the concave or inside faces ofbarrel
staves.
INSHEATHE,To insert as in a sheath; to sheathe. Hughes.
INSHELL,To hide in a shell. [Obs.] Shak.
INSHIP,To embark. [Obs.] Shak.
INSHORE,Being near or moving towards the shore; as, inshore fisheries;inshore
currents.-- adv.
INSHRINE,See Enshrine.
INSICCATION,The act or process of drying in.
INSIDE,Within the sides of; in the interior; contained within; as,inside a house,
book, bottle, etc.
INSIDIATE,To lie in ambush for. [Obs.] Heywood.
INSIDIATOR,One who lies in ambush. [Obs.] Barrow.
INSIGNIFICANCY,Insignificance.
INSIGNIFICANTLY,without significance, importance, or effect; to no purpose."Anger
insignificantly fierce." Cowper.
INSIGNIFICATIVE,Not expressing meaning; not significant.
INSIGNMENT,A token, mark, or explanation. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
INSIMULATE,To accuse. [Obs.] Donne.
INSINCERELY,Without sincerity.
INSINCERITY,The quality of being insincere; want of sincerity, or of beingin
reality what one appears to be; dissimulation; hypocritical;deceitfulness;
hollowness; untrustworthiness; as, the insincerity ofa professed friend; the
insincerity of professions of regard.What men call policy and knowledge of the
world, is commonly no otherthing than dissimulation and insincerity. Blair.
INSINEW,To strengthen, as with sinews; to invigorate. [Obs.]All members of our
cause, . . . That are insinewed to this action.Shak.
INSINUANT,Insinuating; insinuative. [Obs.]
INSINUATING,Winding, creeping, or flowing in, quietly or stealthily;suggesting;
winning favor and confidence insensibly. Milton.His address was courteous, and even
insinuating. Prescott.
INSINUATINGLY,By insinuation.
INSINUATOR,One who, or that which, insinuates. De Foe.
INSINUATORY,Insinuative.
INSIPID,The quality or state of being insipid; vapidity. "Dryden'slines shine
strongly through the insipidity of Tate's." Pope.
INSIPIDLY,In an insipid manner; without taste, life, or spirit; flatly.Locke.
Sharp.
INSIPIENCE,Want of intelligence; stupidity; folly. [R.] Blount.
INSIPIENT,Wanting wisdom; stupid; foolish. [R.] Clarendon.-- n.
INSISTENCE,The quality of insisting, or being urgent or pressing; the actof
dwelling upon as of special importance; persistence; urgency.
INSISTENT,See Incumbent.
INSISTENTLY,In an insistent manner.
INSISTURE,A dwelling or standing on something; fixedness; persistence.[Obs.] Shak.
INSITIENCY,Freedom from thirst. [Obs.]The insitiency of a camel for traveling in
deserts. Grew.
INSITION,The insertion of a scion in a stock; ingraftment. Ray.
INSNARER,One who insnares.
INSNARL,To make into a snarl or knot; to entangle; to snarl. [Obs.]Cotgrave.
INSOBRIETY,Want of sobriety, moderation, or calmness; intemperance;drunkenness.
INSOCIABILITY,The quality of being insociable; want of sociability;unsociability.
[R.] Bp. Warburton.
INSOCIABLY,Unsociably.
INSOCIATE,Not associate; without a companion; single; solitary; recluse.[Obs.] "The
insociate virgin life." B. Jonson.
INSOLATE,To dry in, or to expose to, the sun's rays; to ripen or prepareby such
exposure. Johnson.
INSOLE,The inside sole of a boot or shoe; also, a loose, thin strip ofleather,
felt, etc., placed
INSOLENCE,To insult. [Obs.] Eikon Basilike.
INSOLENCY,Insolence. [R.] Evelyn.
INSOLENTLY,In an insolent manner.
INSOLIDITY,Want of solidity; weakness; as, the insolidity of an argument.[R.] Dr.
H. More.
INSOLUBLENESS,The quality or state of being insoluble; insolubility. Boyle.
INSOLVENT,One who is insolvent; as insolvent debtor; -- in England,before 1861,
especially applied to persons not traders. Bouvier.
INSOMNIA,Want of sleep; inability to sleep; wakefulness; sleeplessness.
INSOMNIOUS,Restless; sleepless. Blount.
INSOMNOLENCE,Sleeplessness.
INSOMUCH,So; to such a degree; in such wise; -- followed by that or as,and formerly
sometimes by both. Cf. Inasmuch.Insomusch as that field is called . . . Aceldama.
Acts i. 19.Simonides was an excellent poet, insomuch that he made his fortune byit.
L'Estrange.
INSONOROUS,Not clear or melodious.
INSOOTH,In sooth; truly. [Archaic]
INSOUCIANCE,Carelessness; heedlessness; thoughtlessness; unconcern.
INSOUCIANT,Careless; heedless; indifferent; unconcerned. J. S. Mill.
INSOUL,To set a soul in; reflexively, to fix one's strongestaffections on. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.[He] could not but insoul himself in her. Feltham.
INSPAN,To yoke or harness, as oxen to a vehicle. [South Africa]
INSPECT,Inspection. [Obs.] Thomson.
INSPECTIVE,Engaged in inspection; inspecting; involving inspection.
INSPECTOR,One who inspects, views, or oversees; one to whom thesupervision of any
work is committed; one who makes an official viewor examination, as a military or
civil officer; a superintendent; asupervisor; an overseer. Inspector general
(Mil.), a staff officer ofan army, whose duties are those of inspection, and
embrace everythingrelative to organization, recruiting, discharge,
administration,accountability for money and property, instruction, police,
anddiscipline.
INSPECTORATE,Inspectorship. [R.]
INSPECTORIAL,Of or pertaining to an inspector or to inspection. [R.]
INSPECTRESS,A female inspector.
INSPERSE,To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.] Bailey.
INSPERSION,The act of sprinkling. [Obs.] Chapman.
INSPEXIMUS,The first word of ancient charters in England, confirming agrant made by
a former king; hence, a royal grant.
INSPHERE,To place in, or as in, an orb a sphere. Cf. Ensphere.Bright aërial spirits
live insphered In regions mild of calm andserene air. Milton.
INSPIRABLE,Capable of being inspired or drawn into the lungs; inhalable;respirable;
admitting inspiration. Harvey.
INSPIRATION,A supernatural divine influence on the prophets, apostles, orsacred
writers, by which they were qualified to communicate moral orreligious truth with
authority; a supernatural influence whichqualifies men to receive and communicate
divine truth; also, thetruth communicated.All Scripture is given by inspiration of
God. 2 Tim. iii. 16.The age which we now live in is not an age of inspiration
andimpulses. Sharp.Plenary inspiration (Theol.), that kind of inspiration which
excludesall defect in the utterance of the inspired message.-- Verbal inspiration
(Theol.), that kind of inspiration whichextends to the very words and forms of
expression of the divinemessage.
INSPIRATIONAL,Pertaining to inspiration.
INSPIRATIONIST,One who holds to inspiration.
INSPIRATOR,A kind of injector for forcing water by steam. See Injector,n., 2.
INSPIRATORY,Pertaining to, or aiding, inspiration; as, the inspiratorymuscles.
INSPIRER,One who, or that which, inspirer. "Inspirer of that holyflame." Cowper.
INSPIRING,Animating; cheering; moving; exhilarating; as, an inspiring orscene.
INSPIRIT,To infuse new life or spirit into; to animate; to encourage;
toinvigorate.The courage of Agamemnon is inspirited by the love of empire
andambition. Pope.
INSPISSATE,To thicken or bring to greater consistence, as fluids byevaporation.
INSPISSATION,The act or the process of inspissating, or thickening a
fluidsubstance, as by evaporation; also, the state of being so thickened.
INSTABLE,Not stable; not standing fast or firm; unstable; prone tochange or recede
from a purpose; mutable; inconstant.
INSTABLENESS,Instability; unstableness.
INSTALLATION,The whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories,when set
up and arranged for practical working, as in electriclighting, transmission of
power, etc.
INSTAMP,See Enstamp.
INSTANCE,To mention as a case or example; to refer to; to cite; as, toinstance a
fact. H. Spenser.I shall not instance an abstruse author. Milton.
INSTANCY,Instance; urgency. [Obs.]Those heavenly precepts which our Lord and Savior
with so greatinstancy gave. Hooker.
INSTANT,Instantly. [Poetic]Instant he flew with hospitable haste. Pope.
INSTANTANEITY,Quality of being instantaneous. Shenstone.
INSTANTER,Immediately; instantly; at once; as, he left instanter.
INSTAR,To stud as with stars. [R.] "A golden throne instarred withgems." J. Barlow.
INSTATE,To set, place, or establish, as in a rank, office, orcondition; to install;
to invest; as, to instate a person ingreatness or in favor. Shak.
INSTAURATE,To renew or renovate. [R.]
INSTAURATION,Restoration after decay, lapse, or dilapidation; renewal;repair;
renovation; renaissance.Some great catastrophe or . . . instauration. T. Burnet.
INSTAURATOR,One who renews or restores to a former condition. [R.] Dr. H.More.
INSTAURE,To renew or renovate; to instaurate. [Obs.] Marston.
INSTEEP,To steep or soak; to drench. [R.] "In gore he lay insteeped."Shak.
INSTIGATE,To goad or urge forward; to set on; to provoke; to incite; --used chiefly
with reference to evil actions; as to instigate one to acrime.He hath only
instigated his blackest agents to the very extent oftheir malignity. Bp. Warburton.
INSTIGATINGLY,Incitingly; temptingly.
INSTIGATION,The act of instigating, or the state of being instigated;incitement;
esp. to evil or wickedness.The baseness and villainy that . . . the instigation of
the devilcould bring the sons of men to. South.
INSTIGATOR,One who instigates or incites. Burke.
INSTILL,To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to impartgradually; to infuse
slowly; to cause to be imbibed.That starlight dews All silently their tears of love
instill. Byron.How hast thou instilled Thy malice into thousands. Milton.
INSTILLATION,The of instilling; also, that which is instilled. Johnson.
INSTILLATOR,An instiller. [R.]
INSTILLATORY,Belonging to instillation. [R.]
INSTILLER,One who instills. Skelton.
INSTILLMENT,The act of instilling; also, that which is instilled. [Writtenalso
instilment.]
INSTIMULATE,Not to stimulate; to soothe; to quiet. [Obs.] Cheyne.
INSTIMULATION,Stimulation.
INSTINCT,Urged or sas, birds instinct with life.The chariot of paternal deity . . .
Itself instinct with spirit, butconvoyed By four cherubic shapes. Milton.A noble
performance, instinct with sound principle. Brougham.
INSTINCTION,Instinct; incitement; inspiration. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
INSTINCTIVE,Of or pertaining to instinct; derived from, or prompted by,instinct; of
the nature of instinct; determined by natural impulse orpropensity; acting or
produced without reasoning, deliberation,instruction, or experience; spontaneous.
"Instinctive motion."Milton. "Instinctive dread." Cowper.With taste instinctive
give Each grace appropriate. Mason.Have we had instinctive intimations of the death
of some absentfriends Bp. Hall.
INSTINCTIVELY,In an instinctive manner; by force of instinct; by naturalimpulse.
INSTINCTIVITY,The quality of being instinctive, or prompted by instinct.
[R.]Coleridge.
INSTIPULATE,See Exstipulate.
INSTITUTE,Established; organized; founded. [Obs.]They have but few laws. For to a
people so instruct and institute,very few to suffice. Robynson (More's Utopia).
INSTITUTER,An institutor. [R.]
INSTITUTIST,A writer or compiler of, or a commentator on, institutes. [R.]Harvey.
INSTITUTIVELY,In conformity with an institution. Harrington.
INSTITUTOR,A presbyter appointed by the bishop to institute a rector orassistant
minister over a parish church.
INSTOP,To stop; to close; to make fast; as, to instop the seams.[Obs.] Dryden.
INSTORE,To store up; to inclose; to contain. [Obs.] Wyclif.
INSTRATIFIED,Interstratified.
INSTROKE,An inward stroke; specif., in a steam or other engine, a strokein which
the piston is moving away from the crank shaft; -- opposedto outstroke.
INSTRUCTER,See Instructor.
INSTRUCTIBLE,Capable of being instructed; teachable; docible. Bacon.
INSTRUCTIONAL,Pertaining to, or promoting, instruction; educational.
INSTRUCTIVE,Conveying knowledge; serving to instruct or inform; as,experience
furnishes very instructive lessons. Addison.In various talk the instructive hours
they past. Pope.-- In*struct"ive*ly, adv.-- In*struct"ive*ness, n.The pregnant
instructiveness of the Scripture. Boyle.
INSTRUCTOR,One who instructs; one who imparts knowledge to another; ateacher.
INSTRUCTRESS,A woman who instructs; a preceptress; a governess. Johnson.
INSTRUMENT,A writing, as the means of giving formal expression to someact; a
writing expressive of some act, contract, process, as a deed,contract, writ, etc.
Burrill.
INSTRUMENTAL,Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, esp. amusical
instrument; as, instrumental music, distinguished from vocalmusic. "He defended the
use of instrumental music in public worship."Macaulay.Sweet voices mix'd with
instrumental sounds. Dryden.
INSTRUMENTALISM,The view that the sanction of truth is its utility, or thattruth is
genuine only in so far as it is a valuable instrument. --In`stru*men"tal*ist, n.
INSTRUMENTALIST,One who plays upon an instrument of music, as distinguishedfrom a
vocalist.
INSTRUMENTALITY,The quality or condition of being instrumental; that which
isinstrumental; anything used as a means; medium; agency.The instrumentality of
faith in justification. Bp. Burnet.The discovery of gunpowder developed the science
of attack anddefense in a new instrumentality. J. H. Newman.
INSTRUMENTALNESS,Usefulness or agency, as means to an end; instrumentality.
[R.]Hammond.
INSTRUMENTARY,Instrumental. [R.]
INSTRUMENTIST,A performer on a musical instrument; an instrumentalist.
INSTYLE,To style. [Obs.] Crashaw.
INSUAVITY,Want of suavity; unpleasantness. [Obs.] Burton.
INSUBJECTION,Want of subjection or obedience; a state of disobedience, as
togovernment.
INSUBMERGIBLE,Not capable of being submerged; buoyant. [R.]
INSUBMISSION,Want of submission; disobedience; noncompliance.
INSUBORDINATE,Not submitting to authority; disobedient; rebellious; mutinous
INSUBORDINATION,The quality of being insubordinate; disobedience to
lawfulauthority.
INSUBSTANTIAL,Unsubstantial; not real or strong. "Insubstantial pageant."[R.] Shak.
INSUBSTANTIALITY,Unsubstantiality; unreality. [R.]
INSUCCATION,The act of soaking or moistening; maceration; solution in thejuice of
herbs. [Obs.] Coxe.The medicating and insuccation of seeds. Evelyn.
INSUCCESS,Want of success. [R.] Feltham.
INSUE,See Ensue, v. i.
INSUETUDE,The state or quality of being unaccustomed; absence of use
orhabit.Absurdities are great or small in proportion to custom or insuetude.Landor.
INSUFFERABLY,In a manner or to a degree beyond endurance; intolerably; as, ablaze
insufferably bright; a person insufferably proud.
INSUFFICIENCE,Insufficiency. Shak.
INSUFFICIENTLY,In an insufficient manner or degree; unadequately.
INSUFFLATE,To blow upon; to breath upon or into; to use insufflation upon.
INSUFFLATION,The act of breathing on or into anything; especially:(a) (R. C. Ch.)
The breathing upon a person in the sacrament ofbaptism to symbolize the inspiration
of a new spiritual life.(b) (Med.) The act of blowing (a gas, powder, or vapor)
into anycavity of the body.
INSUITABLE,Unsuitable. [Obs.] -- In*suit`a*bil"i*ty, n. [Obs.]
INSULAR,An islander. [R.] Berkeley.
INSULARLY,In an insular manner.
INSULARY,Insular. [Obs.] Howell.
INSULATE,To prevent the transfer o Insulating stool (Elec.), a stoolwith legs of
glass or some other nonconductor of electricity, usedfor insulating a person or any
object placed upon it.
INSULATED,Separated from other bodies by means of nonconductors of heator
electricity.
INSULATION,The act of separating a body from others by nonconductors, soas to
prevent the transfer of electricity or of heat; also, the stateof a body so
separated.
INSULATOR,The substance or body that insulates; a nonconductor.
INSULITE,An insulating material, usually some variety of compressedcellulose, made
of sawdust, paper pulp, cotton waste, etc.
INSULOUS,Abounding in islands. [R.]
INSULSE,Insipid; dull; stupid. [Obs.] Milton.
INSULSITY,Insipidity; stupidity; dullness. [Obs.]The insulsity of mortal tongues.
Milton.
INSULTABLE,Capable of being insulted or affronted. [R.] Emerson.
INSULTER,One who insults. Shak.
INSULTING,Containing, or characterized by, insult or abuse; tending toinsult or
affront; as, insulting language, treatment, etc.-- In*sult"ing*ly, adv.
INSULTMENT,Insolent treatment; insult. [Obs.] "My speech of insultmentended." Shak.
INSUME,To take in; to absorb. [Obs.]
INSUPERABILITY,The quality or state of being insuperable; insuperableness.
INSUPERABLE,Incapable of being passed over or surmounted; insurmountable;as,
insuperable difficulties.And middle natures, how they long to join, Yet never pass
theinsuperable line Pope.The difficulty is enhanced, or is . . . insuperable. I.
Taylor.
INSUPPORTABLE,Incapable of being supported or borne; unendurable;insufferable;
intolerable; as, insupportable burdens; insupportablepain.--
In`sup*port"a*ble*ness, n.-- In`sup*port"a*bly, adv.
INSUPPOSABLE,Incapable of being supposed; not supposable; inconceivable.
INSUPPRESSIBLE,That can not be suppressed or concealed; irrepressible. Young.--
In`sup*press"i*bly, adv.
INSUPPRESSIVE,Insuppressible. [Obs.] "The insuppressive mettle of ourspirits."
Shak.
INSURABLE,Capable of being insured against loss, damage, death, etc.;proper to be
insured.The French law annuls the latter policies so far as they exceed
theinsurable interest which remained in the insured at the time of thesubscription
thereof. Walsh.
INSURANCER,One who effects insurance; an insurer; an underwriter. [Obs.]Dryden.hose
bold insurancers of deathless fame. Blair.
INSURANT,The person insured. Champness.
INSURE,To underwrite; to make insurance; as, a company insures atthree per cent.
INSURER,One who, or that which, insures; the person or company thatcontracts to
indemnify losses for a premium; an underwriter.
INSURGENT,Rising in opposition to civil or political authority, oragainst an
established government; insubordinate; rebellious. "Theinsurgent provinces."
Motley.
INSURMOUNTABILITY,The state or quality of being insurmountable.
INSURMOUNTABLE,Incapable of being passed over, surmounted, or overcome;insuperable;
as, insurmountable difficulty or obstacle. Locke.Hope thinks nothing difficult;
despair tells us that difficulty isinsurmountable. I. Watts.
INSURMOUNTABLENESS,The state or quality of being insurmountable;insurmountability.
INSURMOUNTABLY,In a manner or to a degree not to be overcome.
INSURRECTIONAL,Pertaining to insurrection; consisting in insurrection.
INSURRECTIONARY,Pertaining to, or characterized by, insurrection;
rebellious;seditious.Their murderous insurrectionary system. Burke.
INSURRECTIONIST,One who favors, or takes part in, insurrection; an insurgent.
INSUSCEPTIBILITY,Want of susceptibility, or of capacity to feel or perceive.
INSUSCEPTIBLE,Not susceptible; not capable of being moved, affected, orimpressed;
that can not feel, receive, or admit; as, a limbinsusceptible of pain; a heart
insusceptible of pity; a mindinsusceptible to flattery.-- In`sus*cep`ti*bly adv.
INSUSCEPTIVE,Not susceptive or susceptible. [R.] Rambler.
INSUSURRATION,The act of whispering into something. [Obs.] Johnson.
INSWATHE,To wrap up; to infold; to swathe.Inswathed sometimes in wandering mist.
Tennyson.
INSWEPT,Narrowed at the forward end; -- said of an automobile framewhen the side
members are closer together at the forward end than atthe rear.
INTACT,Untouched, especially by anything that harms, defiles, or thelike;
uninjured; undefiled; left complete or entire. Buckle.When all external differences
have passed away, one element remainsintact, unchanged, -- the everlasting basis of
our common nature, thehuman soul. F. W. Robertson.
INTAGLIATED,Engraved in intaglio; as, an intagliated stone. T. Warton.
INTAGLIO,A cutting or engraving; a figure cut into something, as a gem,so as to
make a design depressed below the surface of the material;hence, anything so carved
or impressed, as a gem, matrix, etc.; --opposed to cameo. Also used adjectively.
INTAIL,See Entail, v. t.
INTAMINATED,Uncontaminated. [Obs.] Wood.
INTANGIBILITY,The quality or state of being intangible; intangibleness.
INTANGIBLE,Not tangible; incapable of being touched; not perceptible tothe touch;
impalpable; imperceptible. Bp. Wilkins.A corporation is an artificial, invisible,
intangible being.Marshall.-- In*tan"gi*ble*ness, n.-- In*tan"gi*bly, adv.
INTANGLE,See Entangle.
INTASTABLE,Incapable of being tasted; tasteless; unsavory. [R.] Grew.
INTEGER,A complete entity; a whole number, in contradistinction to afraction or a
mixed number. Complex integer (Theory of Numbers), anexpression of the form a +
bsq. root-1, where a and b are realintegers.
INTEGRABILITY,The quality of being integrable.
INTEGRABLE,Capable of being integrated.
INTEGRAL,An expression which, being differentiated, will produce a
givendifferential. See differential Differential, and Integration. Cf.Fluent.
Elliptic integral, one of an important class of integrals,occurring in the higher
mathematics; -- so called because one of theintegrals expresses the length of an
arc of an ellipse.
INTEGRALITY,Entireness. [Obs.] Whitaker.
INTEGRALLY,In an integral manner; wholly; completely; also, byintegration.
INTEGRANT,Making part of a whole; necessary to constitute an entirething; integral.
Boyle.All these are integrant parts of the republic. Burke.Integrant parts, or
particles, of bodies, those smaller particlesinto which a body may be reduced
without loss of its originalconstitution, as by mechanical division.
INTEGRATE,To subject to the operation of integration; to find theintegral of.
INTEGRATION,The operation of finding the primitive function which has agiven
function for its differential coefficient. See Integral.
INTEGRATOR,That which integrates; esp., an instrument by means of whichthe area of
a figure can be measured directly, or its moment ofinertia, or statical moment,
etc., be determined.
INTEGROPALLIAL,Having the pallial line entire, or without a sinus, as
certainbivalve shells.
INTEGUMATION,That part of physiology which treats of the integuments ofanimals and
plants.
INTEGUMENT,That which naturally invests or covers another thing, as thetesta or the
tegmen of a seed; specifically (Anat.), a covering whichinvests the body, as the
skin, or a membrane that invests aparticular.
INTEGUMENTARY,Belonging to, or composed of, integuments.
INTEGUMENTATION,The act or process of covering with integuments; the state ormanner
of being thus covered.
INTELLECT,The part or faculty of the human soul by which it knows, asdistinguished
from the power to feel and to will; sometimes, thecapacity for higher forms of
knowledge, as distinguished from thepower to perceive objects in their relations;
the power to judge andcomprehend; the thinking faculty; the understanding.
INTELLECTED,Endowed with intellect; having intellectual powers orcapacities. [R.]In
body, and in bristles, they became As swine, yet intellected asbefore. Cowper.
INTELLECTION,A mental act or process; especially: (a) The act ofunderstanding;
simple apprehension of ideas; intuition. Bentley. (b)A creation of the mind itself.
Hickok.
INTELLECTIVELY,In an intellective manner. [R.] "Not intellectivelly to
write."Warner.
INTELLECTUAL,The intellect or understanding; mental powers or faculties.Her
husband, for I view far round, not nigh, Whose higherintellectual more I shun.
Milton.I kept her intellectuals in a state of exercise. De Quincey.
INTELLECTUALITY,Intellectual powers; possession of intellect; quality of
beingintellectual.
INTELLECTUALLY,In an intellectual manner.
INTELLIGENCER,One who, or that which, sends or conveys intelligence or news;a
messenger.All the intriguers in foreign politics, all the spies, and all
theintelligencers . . . acted solely upon that principle. Burke.
INTELLIGENCING,Informing; giving information; talebearing. [Obs.] Shak.That sad
intelligencing tyrant. Milton.
INTELLIGENCY,Intelligence. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INTELLIGENTIARY,One who gives information; an intelligencer. [Obs.] Holinshed.
INTELLIGENTLY,In an intelligent manner; with intelligence.
INTELLIGIBILITY,The quality or state of being intelligible; clearness;perspicuity;
definiteness.
INTELLIGIBLE,Capable of being understood or comprehended; as, anintelligible
account or description; intelligible pronunciation,writing, etc.The intelligible
forms of ancient poets. Coleridge.
INTELLIGIBLENESS,The quality or state of being intelligible; intelligibility.Locke.
INTELLIGIBLY,In an intelligible manner; so as to be understood; clearly;plainly;
as, to write or speak intelligibly.
INTEMERATENESS,The state of being unpolluted; purity. [Obs.] Donne.
INTEMPERAMENT,A bad state; as, the intemperament of an ulcerated part. [R.]Harvey.
INTEMPERANCY,Intemperance. [Obs.]
INTEMPERANT,Intemperate. [Obs.]Such as be intemperant, that is, followers of their
naughty appetitesand lusts. Udall.
INTEMPERATE,To disorder. [Obs.]
INTEMPERATELY,In an intemperate manner; immoderately; excessively;
withoutrestraint.The people . . . who behaved very unwisely and intemperately on
thatoccasion. Burke.
INTEMPERATURE,Intemperateness. [Obs.] Boyle.
INTEMPESTIVE,Out of season; untimely. [Obs.] Burton.Intempestive bashfulness gets
nothing. Hales.
INTEMPESTIVELY,Unseasonably. [Obs.]
INTEMPESTIVITY,Unseasonableness; untimeliness. [Obs.] Hales.
INTENABLE,Incapable of being held; untenable; not defensible; as, anintenable
opinion; an intenable fortress. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
INTENDANT,One who has the charge, direction, or management of some publicbusiness;
a superintendent; as, an intendant of marine; an intendantof finance.
INTENDED,One with whom marriage is designed; one who is betrothed; anaffianced
lover.If it were not that I might appear to disparage his intended, . . . Iwould
add that to me she seems to be throwing herself away. Dickens.
INTENDEDLY,Intentionally. [R.] Milton.
INTENDENT,See Intendant, n. [Obs.]
INTENDER,One who intends. Feltham.
INTENDIMENT,Attention; consideration; knowledge; understanding. [Obs.]Spenser.
INTENDMENT,The true meaning, understanding, or intention of a law, or ofany legal
instrument.
INTENERATE,To make tender or sensitive; to soften.
INTENERATION,The act or process of intenerating, or the state of beingintenerated;
softening. [R.] Bacon.
INTENIBLE,Incapable of holding or containing. [Obs.]This captious and intenible
sieve. Shak.
INTENSATE,To intensify. [R.] Emerson.
INTENSATION,The act or process of intensifying; intensification; climax.[R.]
Carlyle.
INTENSATIVE,Adding intensity; intensifying.
INTENSENESS,The state or quality of being intense; intensity; as, theintenseness of
heat or cold; the intenseness of study or thought.
INTENSIFICATION,The act or process of intensifying, or of making more intense.
INTENSIFIER,One who or that which intensifies or strengthens; inphotography, an
agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of apicture.
INTENSIFY,To render more intense; as, to intensify heat or cold; tointensify
colors; to intensify a photographic negative; to intensifyanimosity. Bacon.How
piercing is the sting of pride By want embittered andintensified. Longfellow.
INTENSION,The collective attributes, qualities, or marks that make up acomplex
general notion; the comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to
extension, extent, or sphere.This law is, that the intension of our knowledge is in
the inverseratio of its extension. Sir W. Hamilton.
INTENSITIVE,Increasing the force or intensity of; intensive; as, theintensitive
words of a sentence. H. Sweet.
INTENSITY,The amount or degree of energy with which a force operates or acause
acts; effectiveness, as estimated by results produced.
INTENSIVE,Serving to give force or emphasis; as, an intensive verb orpreposition.
INTENSIVELY,In an intensive manner; by increase of degree. Abp. Bramhall.
INTENSIVENESS,The quality or state of being intensive; intensity. Sir M.Hale.
INTENT,The act of turning the mind toward an object; hence, a design;a purpose;
intention; meaning; drift; aim.Be thy intents wicked or charitable. Shak.The
principal intent of Scripture is to deliver the Hooker.To all intents, and
purposes, in all applications or senses;practically; really; virtually;
essentially. "He was miserable to allintents and purpose." L'Estrange.
INTENTATION,Intention. [Obs.]
INTENTION,Any mental apprehension of an object. First intention (Logic),a
conception of a thing formed by the first or direct application ofthe mind to the
individual object; an idea or image; as, man, stone.-- Second intention (Logic), a
conception generalized from firstintuition or apprehension already formed by the
mind; an abstractnotion; especially, a classified notion, as species,
genus,whiteness.-- To heal by the first intention (Surg.), to cicatrize, as a
wound,without suppuration.-- To heal by the second intention (Surg.), to unite
aftersuppuration.
INTENTIONAL,Done by intention or design; intended; designed; as, the actwas
intentional, not accidental.
INTENTIONALITY,The quality or state of being intentional; purpose;
design.Coleridge.
INTENTIONALLY,In an intentional manner; with intention; by design; ofpurpose.
INTENTIONED,Having designs; -- chiefly used in composition; as, well-intentioned,
having good designs; ill-intentioned, having illdesigns.
INTENTIVE,Attentive; intent. [Obs.] Spenser.
INTENTIVELY,Attentively; closely. [Obs.] "Intentively to observe." Holland.
INTENTIVENESS,Closeness of attention or application of mind; attentiveness.[Obs.]
W. Montagu.
INTENTLY,In an intent manner; as, the eyes intently fixed.
INTENTNESS,The state or quality of being intent; close
application;attention.Extreme solicitude or intentness upon business. South.
INTER,To deposit and cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, tointer a dead
body. Shak.
INTER-,A prefix signifying among, between, amid; as, interact,interarticular,
intermit.
INTERACT,A short act or piece between others, as in a play; aninterlude; hence,
intermediate employment or time. Chesterfield.
INTERADDITIVE,Added or placed between the parts of another thing, as a
clauseinserted parenthetically in a sentence.
INTERAGENCY,Intermediate agency.
INTERAGENT,An intermediate agent.
INTERALL,Entrail or inside. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
INTERALVEOLAR,Between alveoli; as, the interalveolar septa between adjacentair
cells in the lungs.
INTERAMBULACRAL,Of or pertaining to the interambulacra.
INTERAMBULACRUM,In echinoderms, one of the areas or zones intervening betweentwo
ambulacra. See Illust. of Ambulacrum.
INTERAMNIAN,Situated between rivers. [R.] "An interamnian country." J.Bryant.
INTERANIMATE,To animate or inspire mutually. [Obs.] Donne.
INTERARBORATION,The interweaving of branches of trees. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INTERARTICULAR,Situated between joints or articulations; as,
interarticularcartilages and ligaments.
INTERATOMIC,Between atoms; situated, or acting, between the atoms ofbodies; as,
interatomic forces.
INTERAULIC,Existing between royal courts. [R.] "Interaulic politics."Motley.
INTERAURICULAR,Between the auricles; as, the interauricular partition of theheart.
INTERAXAL,Situated in an interaxis. Gwilt.
INTERAXILLARY,Situated within or between the axils of leaves.
INTERAXIS,The space between two axes. See Axis, 6.The doors, windows, niches, and
the like, are then placed centrallyin the interaxes. Gwilt.
INTERBASTATION,Patchwork. [Obs.] Dr. J. Smith.
INTERBRACHIAL,Between the arms.
INTERBRAIN,See Thalamencephalon.
INTERBRANCHIAL,Between the branchiæ.
INTERBREED,To breed by crossing different stocks of animals or plants.
INTERCALAR,Intercalary.
INTERCALARY,Inserted or introduced among others in the calendar; as, anintercalary
month, day, etc.; -- now applied particularly to the oddday (Feb. 29) inserted in
the calendar of leap year. See Bissextile,n.
INTERCALATE,To insert, as a day or other portion of time, in a calendar.
INTERCALATION,The insertion of a day, or other portion of time, in acalendar.
INTERCAROTID,Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries;as, an
intercarotid ganglion.
INTERCARPAL,Between the carpal bone; as, intercarpal articulations,ligaments.
INTERCARTILAGINOUS,Within cartilage; endochondral; as,
intercartilaginousossification.
INTERCAVERNOUS,Between the cavernous sinuses; as, the intercavernous
sinusesconnecting the cavernous sinuses at the base of the brain.
INTERCEDE,To be, to come, or to pass, between; to separate. [Obs.] Sir I.Newton.
INTERCEDENCE,The act of interceding; intercession; intervention. [R.] Bp.Reynolds.
INTERCEDENT,Passing between; mediating; pleading. [R.] --In`ter*ced"ent*ly, adv.
INTERCEDER,One who intercedes; an intercessor; a mediator. Johnson.
INTERCELLULAR,Lying between cells or cellules; as, intercellular substance,space,
or fluids; intercellular blood channels.
INTERCENTRAL,Between centers. Intercentral nerves (Physiol.), those nerveswhich
transmit impulses between nerve centers, as opposed toperipheral fibers, which
convey impulses between peripheral parts andnerve centers.
INTERCENTRUM,The median of the three elements composing the centra of thevertebræ
in some fossil batrachians.
INTERCEPT,To include between; as, that part of the intercepted betweenthe points A
and B.
INTERCEPTER,One who, or that which, intercepts. Shak.
INTERCEPTION,The act of intercepting; as, interception of a letter;interception of
the enemy.
INTERCEPTIVE,Intercepting or tending to intercept.
INTERCESSION,The act of interceding; mediation; interposition betweenparties at
variance, with a view to reconcilation; prayer, petition,or entreaty in favor of,
or (less often) against, another or others.But the Spirit itself maketh
intercession for us with groanings whichcan not be uttered. Rom. viii. 26.
INTERCESSIONAL,Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by,intercession or
entreaty.
INTERCESSIONATE,To entreat. [Obs.]
INTERCESSOR,A bishop, who, during a vacancy of the see, administers thebishopric
till a successor is installed.
INTERCESSORIAL,Intercessory.
INTERCESSORY,Pertaining to, of the nature of, or characterized by,intercession;
interceding; as, intercessory prayer.
INTERCHAIN,To link together; to unite closely or firmly, as by a chain.Two bosoms
interchained with an oath. Shak.
INTERCHANGE,To make an interchange; to alternate. Sir P. Sidney.
INTERCHANGEABILITY,The state or quality of being
interchangeable;interchangeableness.
INTERCHANGEMENT,Mutual transfer; exchange. [Obs.] Shak.
INTERCHAPTER,An intervening or inserted chapter.
INTERCIDENCE,The act or state of coming or falling between; occurrence;incident.
[Obs.] Holland.
INTERCIDENT,Falling or coming between; happening accidentally. [Obs.]Boyle.
INTERCIPIENT,Intercepting; stopping.-- n.
INTERCISION,A cutting off, through, or asunder; interruption. [R.] Sir T.Browne.
INTERCITIZENSHIP,The mutual right to civic privileges, in the different
States.Bancroft.
INTERCLAVICLE,See Episternum.
INTERCLOSE,To shut in; to inclose. [Obs.]
INTERCLOUD,To cloud. [R.] Daniel.
INTERCLUDE,To shut off or out from a place or course, by somethingintervening; to
intercept; to cut off; to interrupt. Mitford.So all passage of external air into
the receiver may be intercluded.Boyle.
INTERCLUSION,Interception; a stopping
INTERCOLLEGIATE,Existing or carried on between colleges or universities;
as,intercollegiate relations, rivalry, games, etc.
INTERCOLLINE,Situated between hills; -- applied especially to valleys lyingbetween
volcanic cones.
INTERCOLONIAL,Between or among colonies; pertaining to the intercourse ormutual
relations of colonies; as, intercolonial trade.-- In`ter*co*lo"ni*al*ly, adv.
INTERCOLUMNAR,Between columns or pillars; as, the intercolumnar fibers ofPoupart's
ligament; an intercolumnar statue.
INTERCOLUMNIATION,The clear space between two columns, measured at the bottom
oftheir shafts. Gwilt.
INTERCOMBAT,Combat. [Obs.] Daniel.
INTERCOMING,The act of coming between; intervention; interference. [Obs.]
INTERCOMMON,To graze cattle promiscuously in the commons of each other, asthe
inhabitants of adjoining townships, manors, etc.
INTERCOMMONAGE,The right or privilege of intercommoning.
INTERCOMMUNICABLE,Capable of being mutually communicated.
INTERCOMMUNICATE,To communicate mutually; to hold mutual communication.
INTERCOMMUNICATION,Mutual communication. Owen.
INTERCOMMUNION,Mutual communion; as, an intercommunion of deities. Faber.
INTERCOMMUNITY,Intercommunication; community of possessions, religion, etc.In
consequence of that intercommunity of paganism . . . one nationadopted the gods of
another. Bp. Warburton.
INTERCOMPARISON,Mutual comparison of corresponding parts.
INTERCONNECT,To join together.
INTERCONNECTION,Connection between; mutual connection.
INTERCONTINENTAL,Between or among continents; subsisting or carried on
betweencontinents; as, intercontinental relations or commerce.
INTERCONVERTIBLE,Convertible the one into the other; as, coin and bank notes
areinterconvertible.
INTERCOSTAL,Between the ribs; pertaining to, or produced by, the partsbetween the
ribs; as, intercostal respiration, in which the chest isalternately enlarged and
contracted by the intercostal muscles.
INTERCOURSE,AThis sweet intercourse Of looks and smiles. Milton.Sexual intercourse,
sexual or carnal connection; coition.
INTERCROP,To cultivate by planting simultaneous crops in alternate rows;as, to
intercrop an orchard. Also, to use for catch crops at seasonswhen the ground is not
covered by crops of the regular rotation.
INTERCROSS,To fertilize by the impregnation of one species or variety byanother; to
impregnate by a different species or variety.
INTERCRURAL,Between crura; -- applied especially to the interneural platesin the
vertebral column of many cartilaginous fishes.
INTERCUR,To intervene; to come or occur in the meantime. [Obs.] Shelton.
INTERCURRENCE,A passing or running between; occurrence. Boyle.
INTERCURRENT,Something intervening. Holland.
INTERCUTANEOUS,Subcutaneous.
INTERDASH,To dash between or among; to intersperse. Cowper.
INTERDEAL,To intrigue. [Obs.] Daniel.
INTERDENOMINATIONAL,Occurring between or among, or common to,
differentdenominations; as, interdenominational fellowship or belief.
INTERDENTAL,Formed between the upper and lower teeth; as, interdentalconsonants.
INTERDENTIL,The space between two dentils. Gwilt.
INTERDEPENDENCE,Mutual dependence. "The interdependence of virtue andknowledge." M.
Arnold.
INTERDEPENDENCY,Mutual dependence; as, interdependency of interests. DeQuincey.
INTERDEPENDENT,Mutually dependent.
INTERDICT,To lay under an interdict; to cut off from the enjoyment ofreligious
privileges, as a city, a church, an individual.An archbishop may not only
excommunicate and interdict hissuffragans, but his vicar general may do the same.
Ayliffe.
INTERDICTION,The act of interdicting; prohibition; prohibiting decree;curse;
interdict.The truest issue of thy throne By his own interdiction standsaccurst.
Shak.
INTERDICTIVE,Having the power to prohibit; as, an interdictive sentence.Milton.
INTERDICTORY,Belonging to an interdiction; prohibitory.
INTERDIGITAL,Between the fingers or toes; as, interdigital space.
INTERDIGITATE,To interweave. [R.]
INTERDIGITATION,The state of interdigitating; interdigital space. Owen.
INTERDOME,The open space between the inner and outer shells of a dome orcupola of
masonry.
INTERDUCE,An intertie.
INTEREPIMERAL,Between the epimeral plates of insects and crustaceans.
INTEREQUINOCTIAL,Coming between the equinoxes.Summer and winter I have called
interequinoctial intervals. F.Balfour.
INTERESS,To interest or affect. [Obs.] Hooker.
INTERESSE,Interest. [Obs.] Spenser.
INTERESTEDNESS,The state or quality of being interested; selfishness.Richardson.
INTERESTING,Engaging the attention; exciting, or adapted to excite,interest,
curiosity, or emotion; as, an interesting story;interesting news. Cowper.
INTERESTINGLY,In an interesting manner.
INTERESTINGNESS,The condition or quality of being interesting. A. Smith.
INTERFACIAL,Included between two plane surfaces or faces; as, aninterfacial angle.
INTERFASCICULAR,Between fascicles or bundles; as, the interfascicular spaces
ofconnective tissue.
INTERFERANT,One of the contestants in interference before the PatentOffice. [U.S.]
INTERFERE,To act reciprocally, so as to augment, diminish, or otherwiseaffect one
another; -- said of waves, rays of light, heat, etc. SeeInterference, 2.
INTERFERENCE,The mutual influence, under certain conditions, of two streamsof
light, or series of pulsations of sound, or, generally, two wavesor vibrations of
any kind, producing certain characteristicphenomena, as colored fringes, dark
bands, or darkness, in the caseof light, silence or increased intensity in sounds;
neutralization orsuperposition of waves generally.
INTERFERER,One who interferes.
INTERFERINGLY,By or with interference.
INTERFEROMETER,An instrument for measuring small movements, distances,
ordisplacements by means of the interference of two beams of light; --called also
refractometer.
INTERFLOW,To flow in. [R.] Holland.
INTERFOLDED,Intertwined; interlocked; clasped together. Longfellow.
INTERFOLIACEOUS,At the same node with opposite or whorled leaves, but occupyinga
position between their places of attachment.
INTERFOLIATE,To interleave. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INTERFOLLICULAR,Between follicles; as, the interfollicular septa in a
lymphaticgland.
INTERFRETTED,Interlaced; linked together; -- said of charges or bearings.See
Fretted.
INTERFULGENT,Shining between.
INTERFUSION,The act of interfusing, or the state of being interfused.Coleridge.
INTERGANGLIONIC,Between and uniting the nervous ganglions; as,
interganglioniccords.
INTERGLOBULAR,Between globules; -- applied esp. to certain small spaces,surrounded
by minute globules, in dentine.
INTERGRAVE,To grave or carve between; to engrave in the alternatesections.The work
itself of the bases, was intergraven. 3 Kings vii. 28 (Douayversion. )
INTERHYAL,Of or pertaining to a segment sometimes present at the proximalend of the
hyoidean arch.-- n.
INTERIM,A name given to each of three compromises made by the emperorCharles V. of
Germany for the sake of harmonizing the connectingopinions of Protestants and
Catholics.
INTERIORITY,State of being interior.
INTERIORLY,Internally; inwardly.
INTERJACENT,Lying or being between or among; intervening; as, interjacentisles. Sir
W. Raleigh.
INTERJACULATE,To ejaculate parenthetically. [R.] Thackeray.
INTERJANGLE,To make a dissonant, discordant noise one with another; to talkor
chatter noisily. [R.] Daniel.
INTERJECT,To throw in between; to insert; to interpose. Sir H. Wotton.
INTERJECTION,A word or form of speech thrown in to express emotion orfeeling, as O!
Alas! Ha ha! Begone! etc. Compare Exclamation.An interjection implies a meaning
which it would require a wholegrammatical sentence to expound, and it may be
regarded as therudiment of such a sentence. But it is a confusion of thought to
rankit among the parts of speech. Earle.How now! interjections Why, then, some be
of laughing, as, ah, ha,he! Shak.
INTERJECTIONALIZE,To convert into, or to use as, an interjection. Earle.
INTERJECTIONALLY,In an interjectional manner. G. Eliot.
INTERJECTIONARY,Interjectional.
INTERJOIN,To join mutually; to unite. [R.] Shak.
INTERJUNCTION,A mutual joining. [R.]
INTERKNIT,To knit together; to unite closely; to intertwine.
INTERKNOW,To know mutually. [Obs.]
INTERKNOWLEDGE,Mutual knowledge or acquaintance. [Obs.] Bacon.
INTERLACE,To unite, as by lacing together; to insert or interpose onething within
another; to intertwine; to interweave.Severed into stripes That interlaced each
other. Cowper.The epic way is every where interlaced with dialogue.
Dryden.Interlacing arches (Arch.), arches, usually circular, so constructedthat
their archivolts intersect and seem to be interlaced.
INTERLACEMENT,The act of interlacing, or the state of being interlaced; also,that
which is interlaced.
INTERLAMINATED,Placed between, or containing, laminæ or plates.
INTERLAMINATION,The state of being interlaminated.
INTERLAPSE,The lapse or interval of time between two events. [R.] Harvey.
INTERLAY,To lay or place among or between. Daniel.
INTERLEAF,A leaf inserted between other leaves; a blank leaf inserted, asin a book.
INTERLEAVE,To insert a leaf or leaves in; to bind with blank leavesinserted between
the others; as, to interleave a book.
INTERLIBEL,To libel mutually.
INTERLINE,Contained between lines; written or inserted between linesalready written
or printed; containing interlineations; as, aninterlinear manuscript, translation,
etc.-- In`ter*lin"e*ar*ly, adv.
INTERLINEARY,Interlinear.-- n.
INTERLINING,Correction or alteration by writing between the lines;interlineation.
Bp. Burnet.
INTERLINK,To link together; to join, as one chain to another. Dryden.
INTERLOBAR,Between lobes; as, the interlobar notch of the liver; theinterlobar
ducts of a gland.
INTERLOBULAR,Between lobules; as, the interlobular branches of the portalvein.
INTERLOCATION,A placing or coming between; interposition.
INTERLOCK,To unite, embrace, communicate with, or flow into, one another;to be
connected in one system; to lock into one another; to interlacefirmly.
INTERLOCUTION,An intermediate act or decree before final decision. Ayliffe.
INTERLOCUTOR,An interlocutory judgment or sentence.
INTERLOCUTORY,Intermediate; not final or definitive; made or done during
theprogress of an action.
INTERLOCUTRICE,A female interlocutor.
INTERLOPE,To run between parties and intercept without right theadvantage that one
should gain from the other; to traffic without aproper license; to intrude; to
forestall others; to intermeddle.
INTERLOPER,One who interlopes; one who interlopes; one who unlawfullyintrudes upon
a property, a station, or an office; one who interfereswrongfully or
officiously.The untrained man, . . . the interloper as to the professions.
I.Taylor.
INTERLUCATE,To let in light upon, as by cutting away branches. [Obs.]
INTERLUCATION,Act of thinning a wood to let in light. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INTERLUCENT,Shining between.
INTERLUDE,A short piece of instrumental music played between the parts ofa song or
cantata, or the acts of a drama; especially, in churchmusic, a short passage played
by the organist between the stanzas ofa hymn, or in German chorals after each line.
INTERLUDED,Inserted in the manner of an interlude; having or containinginterludes.
INTERLUDER,An actor who performs in an interlude. B. Jonson.
INTERLUENCY,A flowing between; intervening water. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
INTERMANDIBULAR,Between the mandibles; interramal; as, the intermandibularspace.
INTERMARRIAGE,Connection by marriage; reciprocal marriage; giving and takingin
marriage, as between two families, tribes, castes, or nations.
INTERMARRY,To become connected by marriage between their members; to giveand take
mutually in marriage; -- said of families, ranks, castes,etc.About the middle of
the fourth century from the building of Rome, itwas declared lawful for nobles and
plebeians to intermarry. Swift.
INTERMAXILLA,See Premaxilla.
INTERMAXILLARY,An intermaxilla.
INTERMEAN,Something done in the meantime; interlude. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
INTERMEATION,A flowing between. [Obs.] Bailey.
INTERMEDDLE,To meddle with the affairs of others; to meddle officiously;
tointerpose or interfere improperly; to mix or meddle with.The practice of Spain
hath been, by war and by conditions of treaty,to intermeddle with foreign states.
Bacon.
INTERMEDDLER,One who meddles with, or intrudes into, the affairs of others.Swift.
INTERMEDDLESOME,Inclined or disposed to intermeddle.-- In`ter*med"dle*some*ness, n.
INTERMEDDLING,The act of improperly interfering. Burke.
INTERMEDE,A short musical dramatic piece, of a light and pleasing,sometimes a
burlesque, character; an interlude introduced between theacts of a play or an
opera.
INTERMEDIACY,Interposition; intervention. Derham.
INTERMEDIAE,The middle pair of tail feathers, or middle rectrices.
INTERMEDIAL,Lying between; intervening; intermediate. "Intermedial colors."Evelyn.
INTERMEDIAN,Intermediate. [Obs.]
INTERMEDIARY,Lying, coming, or done, between; intermediate; as, anintermediary
project. Intermediary amputation (Surg.), an amputationfor injury, performed after
inflammation has set in.
INTERMEDIATE,Lying or being in the middle place or degree, or between twoextremes;
coming or done between; intervening; interposed;interjacent; as, an intermediate
space or time; intermediate colors.Intermediate state (Theol.), the state or
condition of the soulbetween the death and the resurrection of the body.--
Intermediate terms (Math.), the terms of a progression or seriesbetween the first
and the last (which are called the extremes); themeans.-- Intermediate tie. (Arch.)
Same as Intertie.
INTERMEDIATELY,In an intermediate manner; by way of intervention.
INTERMEDIATION,The act of coming between; intervention; interposition. Burke.
INTERMEDIATOR,A mediator.
INTERMEDIOUS,Intermediate. [R.] Cudworth.
INTERMEDIUM,The bone or cartilage between the radiale and ulnare in thecarpus, and
between the tibiale and fibulare in the tarsus. Itcorresponds to the lunar in the
carpus, and to a part of theastragalus in the tarsus of man and most mammals.
INTERMELL,To intermeddle; to intermix. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.
INTERMEMBRAL,Between members or limbs; as, intermembral homology, thecorrespondence
of the limbs with each other.
INTERMEMBRANOUS,Within or beneath a membrane; as, intermembranous ossification.
INTERMENT,The act or ceremony of depositing a dead body in the earth;burial;
sepulture; inhumation. T. Warton.
INTERMENTION,To mention among other things, or casually or incidentally.[Obs.]
INTERMESENTERIC,Within the mesentery; as, the intermesenteric, or aortic,plexus.
INTERMETACARPAL,Between the metacarpal bones.
INTERMETATARSAL,Between the metatarsal bones.
INTERMEZZO,An interlude; an intermede. See Intermede.
INTERMICATE,To flash or shine between or among. [R.] Blount.
INTERMICATION,A shining between or among. [R.] Smart.
INTERMIGRATION,Reciprocal migration; interchange of dwelling place bymigration.
[R.] Sir M. Hale.
INTERMINABLE,Without termination; admitting no limit; boundless;
endless;wearisomely protracted; as, interminable space or duration;interminable
sufferings.That wild interminable waste of waves. Grainger.
INTERMINABLENESS,The state of being endless.
INTERMINABLY,Without end or limit.
INTERMINATE,Endless; as, interminate sleep. Chapman.
INTERMINATED,Interminable; interminate; endless; unending. [Obs.] Akenside.
INTERMINATION,A menace or threat. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
INTERMINE,To intersect or penetrate with mines. [Obs.] Drayton.
INTERMINGLE,To mingle or mix together; to intermix. Hooker.
INTERMISE,Interference; interposition. [Obs.] Bacon.
INTERMISSION,The temporary cessation or subsidence of a fever; the space oftime
between the paroxysms of a disease. Intermission is an entirecessation, as
distinguished from remission, or abatement of fever.
INTERMISSIVE,Having temporary cessations; not continual; intermittent."Intermissive
miseries." Shak. "Intermissive wars." Howell.
INTERMIT,To cause to cease for a time, or at intervals; to interrupt;
tosuspend.Pray to the gods to intermit the plague. Shak.
INTERMITTENCE,Act or state of intermitting; intermission. Tyndall.
INTERMITTENT,Coming and going at intervals; alternating; recurrent;periodic; as, an
intermittent fever. Boyle. Intermittent fever(Med.), a disease with fever which
recurs at certain intervals; --applied particularly to fever and ague. See Fever.--
Intermittent gearing (Mach.), gearing which receives, orproduces, intermittent
motion.-- Intermittent springs, springs which flow at intervals, notapparently
dependent upon rain or drought. They probably owe theirintermittent action to their
being connected with natural reservoirsin hills or mountains by passages having the
form of a siphon, thewater beginning to flow when it has accumulated so as to fill
theupper part of the siphon, and ceasing when, by running through it, ithas fallen
below the orifice of the upper part of the siphon in thereservoir.
INTERMITTENTLY,With intermissions; in an intermittent manner; intermittingly.
INTERMITTINGLY,With intermissions; at intervals. W. Montagu.
INTERMIX,To mix together; to intermingle.In yonder spring of roses, intermixed With
myrtle, find what toredress till noon. Milton.
INTERMIXEDLY,In a mixed manner.
INTERMOBILITY,Capacity of things to move among each other; as, theintermobility of
fluid particles.
INTERMODILLION,The space between two modillions.
INTERMONTANE,Between mountains; as, intermontane soil.
INTERMUNDANE,Being, between worlds or orbs. [R.] "Intermundane spaces."Locke.
INTERMUNDIAN,Intermundane. [Obs.]
INTERMURAL,Lying between walls; inclosed by walls.
INTERMURE,To wall in; to inclose. [Obs.] Ford.
INTERMUSCULAR,Between muscles; as, intermuscular septa.
INTERMUTATION,Interchange; mutual or reciprocal change.
INTERMUTUAL,Mutual. [Obs.] Daniel.-- In`ter*mu"tu*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
INTERN,Internal. [Obs.] Howell.
INTERNAL,Lying toward the mesial plane; mesial. Internal angle (Geom.),an interior
angle. See under Interior.-- Internal gear (Mach.), a gear in which the teeth
project inwardfrom the rim instead of outward.
INTERNALITY,The state of being internal or within; interiority.
INTERNASAL,Between the nasal cavities; as, the internasal cartilage.
INTERNATIONALIZE,To make international; to cause to affect the mutual relationsof
two or more nations; as, to internationalize a principle of law,or a philanthropic
enterprise.
INTERNATIONALLY,In an international manner; from an international point ofview.
INTERNE,That which is within; the interior. [Poetic] Mrs. Browning.
INTERNECINE,Involving, or accompanied by, mutual slaughter;
mutuallydestructive.Internecine quarrels, horrible tumults, stain the streets with
blood.Motley.
INTERNECION,Mutual slaughter or destruction; massacre. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
INTERNECIVE,Internecine. [R.] Sydney Smith.
INTERNECTION,Intimate connection. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
INTERNEURAL,Between the neural arches or neural spines.-- n.
INTERNITY,State of being within; interiority. [R.] H. Brooke.
INTERNMENT,Confinement within narrow limits, -- as of foreign troops, tothe
interior of a country.
INTERNODAL,Of or pertaining to internodes; intervening between nodes orjoints.
INTERNODE,The space between two nodes or points of the stem from whichthe leaves
properly arise. H. Spenser.
INTERNODIAL,Internodal. [R.]
INTERNUNCIAL,Communicating or transmitting impressions between differentparts of
the body; -- said of the nervous system. Carpenter.
INTERNUNCIESS,A female messenger. [R.]
INTERNUNCIOSHIP,The office or function of an internuncio. Richardson.
INTERNUNCIUS,Internuncio.
INTEROCEANIC,Between oceans; connecting oceans; as, interoceaniccommunication; an
interoceanic canal.
INTEROCULAR,Between, or within, the eyes; as, the interocular distance;situated
between the eyes, as the antennæ of some insects.
INTEROPERCULAR,Of or pertaining to the interoperculum.-- n.
INTEROPERCULUM,The postero-inferior opercular bone, in fishes.
INTERORBITAL,Between the orbits; as, the interorbital septum.
INTEROSCULANT,Uniting two groups; -- said of certain genera which connectfamily
groups, or of species that connect genera. See Osculant.
INTEROSCULATE,To have the character of, or to lie between, two distinctgroups.
INTERPARIETAL,Between the parietal bones or cartilages; as, the
interparietalsuture.-- n.
INTERPAUSE,An intermission. [R.]
INTERPEAL,To interpel. [Obs.]
INTERPEDENCULAR,Between peduncles; esp., between the peduncles, or crura, ofthe
cerebrum.
INTERPEL,To interrupt, break in upon, or intercede with. [Obs.]I am interpelled by
many businesses. Howell.
INTERPELLANT,Interpelling; interrupting.-- n.
INTERPELLATE,To question imperatively, as a minister, or other executiveofficer, in
explanation of his conduct; -- generally on the part of alegislative body.
INTERPENETRATE,To penetrate between or within; to penetrate mutually.It
interpenetrates my granite mass. Shelley.
INTERPENETRATION,The act of penetrating between or within other substances;mutual
penetration. Milman.
INTERPENETRATIVE,Penetrating among or between other substances; penetrating eachthe
other; mutually penetrative.
INTERPETALARY,Between the petals of a flower.
INTERPETIOLAR,Being between petioles. Cf. Intrapetiolar.
INTERPHALANGEAL,Between phalanges; as, interphalangeal articulations.
INTERPILASTER,The interval or space between two pilasters. Elmes.
INTERPLACE,To place between or among; as, to interplace a name. [R.]Daniel.
INTERPLANETARY,Between planets; as, interplanetary spaces. Boyle.
INTERPLAY,Mutual action or influence; interaction; as, the interplay ofaffection.
INTERPLEAD,To plead against each other, or go to trial between themselves,as the
claimants in an in an interpleader. See Interpleader. [Writtenalso enterplead.]
INTERPLEADER,A proceeding devised to enable a person, of whom the same debt,duty,
or thing is claimed adversely by two or more parties, to compelthem to litigate the
right or title between themselves, and therebyto relieve himself from the suits
which they might otherwise bringagainst him.
INTERPLEDGE,To pledge mutually. [R.]
INTERPOINT,To point; to mark with stops or pauses; to punctuate. [R.]Her sighs
should interpoint her words. Daniel.
INTERPOLABLE,That may be interpolated; suitable to be interpolated.A most
interpolable clause of one sentence. De Morgan.
INTERPOLATE,To fill up intermediate terms of, as of a series, according tothe law
of the series; to introduce, as a number or quantity, in apartial series, according
to the law of that part of the series.
INTERPOLATION,The method or operation of finding from a few given terms of aseries,
as of numbers or observations, other intermediate terms inconformity with the law
of the series.
INTERPOLATOR,One who interpolates; esp., one who inserts foreign or spuriousmatter
in genuine writings.
INTERPONE,To interpose; to insert or place between. [R.] Cudworth.
INTERPONENT,One who, or that which, interposes; an interloper, an opponent.[R.]
Heywood.
INTERPOSAL,The act of interposing; interposition; intervention.
INTERPOSE,Interposition. [Obs.]
INTERPOSER,One who, or that which, interposes or intervenes; an obstacleor
interruption; a mediator or agent between parties. Shak.
INTERPOSIT,An intermediate depot or station between one commercial city orcountry
and another. Mitford.
INTERPOSURE,Interposition. [Obs.]
INTERPRET,To act as an interpreter. Shak.
INTERPRETABLE,Admitting of interpretation; capable of being interpreted
orexplained.
INTERPRETAMENT,Interpretation. [Obs.] Milton.
INTERPRETATION,An artist's way of expressing his thought or embodying hisconception
of nature.
INTERPRETATIVELY,By interpretation. Ray.
INTERPRETER,One who or that which interprets, explains, or expounds; atranslator;
especially, a person who translates orally between twoparties.We think most men's
actions to be the interpreters of their thoughts.Locke.
INTERPRETIVE,Interpretative. [R.]
INTERPUBIC,Between the pubic bones or cartilages; as, the interpubic disk.
INTERPUNCTION,The insertion of points between word or sentences; punctuation.
INTERRADIAL,Between the radii, or rays; -- in zoölogy, said of certainparts of
radiate animals; as, the interradial plates of a starfish.
INTERRAMAL,Between rami or branches; esp., between the mandibles, or ramiof the
lower jaw; intermandibular.
INTERRECEIVE,To receive between or within.
INTERREGENCY,An interregnum. [Obs.] Blount.
INTERREGENT,A person who discharges the royal functions during aninterregnum.
Holland.
INTERREIGN,An interregnum. [Obs.] Bacon.
INTERRELATED,Having a mutual or reciprocal relation or parallelism;correlative.
INTERRELATION,Mutual or reciprocal relation; correlation.
INTERRENAL,Between the kidneys; as, the interrenal body, an organ found inmany
fishes.-- n.
INTERREPELLENT,Mutually repellent. De Quincey.
INTERRER,One who inters.
INTERREX,An interregent, or a regent.
INTERROGATE,To question formally; to question; to examine by askingquestions; as,
to interrogate a witness.Wilt thou, uncalled, interrogate, Talker! the unreplying
FateEmerson.
INTERROGATEE,One who is interrogated.
INTERROGATIVE,Denoting a question; expressed in the form of a question; as,an
interrogative sentence; an interrogative pronoun.
INTERROGATIVELY,In the form of, or by means of, a question; in an
interrogativemanner.
INTERROGATOR,One who asks questions; a questioner.
INTERROGATORY,A formal question or inquiry; esp. (Law), a question asked inwriting.
Macaulay.
INTERRUPT,Broken; interrupted. [Obs.] Milton.
INTERRUPTED,Irregular; -- said of any arrangement whose symmetry isdestroyed by
local causes, as when leaflets are interposed among theleaves in a pinnate leaf.
INTERRUPTEDLY,With breaks or interruptions; discontinuously. Interruptedlypinnate
(Bot.), pinnate with small leaflets intermixed with largeones. Gray.
INTERRUPTER,A device for opening and closing an electrical circuit; avibrating
spring or tuning fork, arranged to make and break a circuitat rapidly recurring
intervals, by the action of the current itself.
INTERRUPTIVE,Tending to interrupt; interrupting. "Interruptive forces."
H.Bushnell.-- In`ter*rupt"ive*ly, adv.
INTERSCAPULAR,Between the scapulæ or shoulder blades.
INTERSCAPULARS,The interscapular feathers of a bird.
INTERSCENDENT,Having exponents which are radical quantities; -- said ofcertain
powers; as, xsq. root2, or xsq. roota. Interscedent series, aseries whose terms are
interscendent quantities. Hutton.
INTERSCIND,To cut off. [R.]
INTERSCRIBE,To write between. [R.]
INTERSECANT,Dividing into parts; crossing; intersecting.
INTERSECT,To cut into or between; to cut or cross mutually; to divideinto parts;
as, any two diameters of a circle intersect each other atthe center.Lands
intersected by a narrow frith Abhor each other. Cowper.
INTERSECTION,The point or line in which one line or surface cuts another.
INTERSECTIONAL,Pertaining to, or formed by, intersections.
INTERSEMINATE,To sow between or among. [R.]
INTERSEPTAL,Between septa; as, the interseptal spaces or zones, between
thetransparent, or septal, zones in striated muscle; the interseptalchambers of a
shell, or of a seed vessel.
INTERSERT,To put in between other things; to insert. [Obs.] Brerewood.
INTERSERTTION,The act of interserting, or that which is interserted. [Obs.]Hammond.
INTERSESAMOID,Between sesamoid bones; as, intersesamoid ligaments.
INTERSET,To set between or among. [R.]
INTERSHOCK,To shock mutually. [R.]
INTERSIDEREAL,Between or among constellations or stars; interstellar.
INTERSOCIAL,Pertaining to the mutual intercourse or relations of persons insociety;
social.
INTERSOMNIOUS,Between the times of sleeping; in an interval of wakefulness.[R.]
INTERSPACE,Intervening space. Bp. Hacket.
INTERSPEECH,A speech interposed between others. [R.] Blount.
INTERSPERSION,The act of interspersing, or the state of being interspersed.
INTERSPIRATION,Spiritual inspiration at separate times, or at intervals.[Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
INTERSTAPEDIAL,Pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, between thestapes
and the mediostapedial.-- n.
INTERSTATE,Pertaining to the mutual relations of States; existing between,or
including, different States; as, interstate commerce. Story.
INTERSTELLAR,Between or among the stars; as, interstellar space. Bacon.
INTERSTELLARY,Interstellar.
INTERSTERNAL,Between the sternal; -- said of certain membranes or parts ofinsects
and crustaceans.
INTERSTICED,Provided with interstices; having interstices between; situatedat
intervals.
INTERSTINCTIVE,Distinguishing. [Obs.] Wallis.
INTERSTITIAL,Of or pertaining to interstices; intermediate; within thetissues; as,
interstitial cavities or spaces in the tissues ofanimals or plants.
INTERSTITION,An intervening period of time; interval. [Obs.] Gower.
INTERSTRATIFICATION,Stratification among or between other layers or strata;
also,that which is interstratified.
INTERSTRATIFIED,Stratified among or between other bodies; as, interstratifiedrocks.
INTERSTRATIFY,To put or insert between other strata.
INTERTALK,To converse. [Obs.] Carew.
INTERTANGLE,To entangle; to intertwine. "Moss and intertangled vines."Longfellow.
INTERTARSAL,Between the tarsal bones; as, the intertarsal articulations.
INTERTEX,To intertwine; to weave or bind together. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
INTERTEXTURE,The act of interweaving, or the state of being interwoven; thatwhich
is interwoven. "Knit in nice intertexture." Coleridge.Skirted thick with
intertexture firm Of thorny boughs. Cowper.
INTERTHORACIC,In the thorax.
INTERTIE,In any framed work, a horizontal tie other than sill and plateor other
principal ties, securing uprights to one another.
INTERTISSUED,Interwoven. [R.] Shak.
INTERTRAFFIC,Mutual trade of traffic.
INTERTRANSPICUOUS,Transpicuous within or between. [R.] Shelley.
INTERTRANSVERSE,Between the transverse processes of the vertebræ.
INTERTRIGO,A rubbing or chafing of the skin; especially, an abrasion orexcoriation
of the skin between folds, as in fat or neglectedchildren.
INTERTROCHANTERIC,Between the trochanters of the femur.
INTERTROPICAL,Situated between or within the tropics. J. Morse.
INTERTUBULAR,Between tubes or tubules; as, intertubular cells;
intertubularsubstance.
INTERTWINE,To unite by twining one with another; to entangle; tointerlace. Milton.
INTERTWININGLY,By intertwining or being intertwined.
INTERTWIST,To twist together one with another; to intertwine.
INTERTWISTINGLY,By intertwisting, or being intertwisted.
INTERURBAN,Going between, or connecting, cities or towns; as, interurbanelectric
railways.
INTERVAL,Difference in pitch between any two tones. At intervals, comingor
happening with intervals between; now and then. "And Miriamwatch'd and dozed at
intervals." Tennyson.-- Augmented interval (Mus.), an interval increased by half a
stepor half a tone.
INTERVALLUM,An interval. [R.]And a' shall laugh without intervallums. Shak.In one
of these intervalla. Chillingworth.
INTERVARY,To alter or vary between; to change. [Obs.] Rush.
INTERVEINED,Intersected, as with veins.
INTERVENE,To come between. [R.]Self-sown woodlands of birch, alder, etc.,
intervening the differentestates. De Quincey.
INTERVENER,One who intervenes; especially (Law), a person who assumes apart in a
suit between others.
INTERVENIENT,Being or coming between; intercedent; interposed. [Obs.] Bacon.
INTERVENT,To thwart; to obstruct. [Obs.] Chapman.
INTERVENTION,The act by which a third person, to protect his own
interest,interposes and becomes a party to a suit pending between otherparties.
INTERVENTOR,One who intervenes; a mediator; especially (Eccles. Hist.), aperson
designated by a church to reconcile parties, and unite them inthe choice of
officers. Coleman.
INTERVENTRICULAR,Between the ventricles; as, the interventricular partition ofthe
heart.
INTERVENUE,Interposition. [Obs.] Sir H. Blount.
INTERVERT,To turn to another course or use. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
INTERVERTEBRAL,Between vertebræ.-- In`ter*ver"te*bral*ly, adv.
INTERVIEW,To have an interview with; to question or converse with,especially for
the purpose of obtaining information for publication.[Recent]
INTERVIEWER,One who interviews; especially, one who obtains an interviewwith
another for the purpose of eliciting his opinions or obtaininginformation for
publication.It would have made him the prince of interviewers in these days.Leslie
Stephen.
INTERVIEWING,The act or custom of holding an interview or interviews.An article on
interviewing in the "Nation" of January 28, 1869, . . .was the first formal notice
of the practice under that name. TheAmerican.
INTERVISIBLE,Mutually visible, or in sight, the one from the other, asstations.
INTERVISIT,To exchange visits. [R.] Evelyn.
INTERVITAL,Between two lives. [R.]Through all its [the spirit's] intervital gloom.
Tennyson.
INTERVOCALIC,Situated between vowels; immediately preceded and followed byvowel
sounds, as, p in occupy, d in idea, etc.
INTERVOLUTION,The state of being intervolved or coiled up; a convolution; as,the
intervolutions of a snake. Hawthorne.
INTERVOLVE,To involve one within another; to twist or coil together.Milton.
INTERWISH,To wish mutually in regarded to each other. [Obs.] Donne.
INTERWORKING,The act of working in together; interweaving. Milton.
INTERWORLD,A world between other worlds. Holland.
INTERWREATHE,To weave into a wreath; to intertwine. [R.] Lovelace.
INTESTABLE,Not capable of making a will; not legally qualified orcompetent to make
a testament. Blackstone.
INTESTACY,The state of being intestate, or of dying without having made avalid
will. Blackstone.
INTESTATE,A person who dies without making a valid will. Blackstone.
INTESTINAL,Of or pertaining to the intestines of an animal; as, theintestinal tube;
intestinal digestion; intestinal ferments.Intestinal canal. Same as Intestine, n.--
Intestinal worm (Zoöl.), any species of helminth living in theintestinal canal of
any animal. The species are numerous.
INTESTINE,That part of the alimentary canal between the stomach and theanus. See
Illust. of Digestive apparatus.
INTEXT,The text of a book. [R.] Herrick.
INTEXTINE,A thin membrane existing in the pollen grains of some plants,and situated
between the extine and the intine, as in .
INTEXTURED,Inwrought; woven in.
INTHIRST,To make thirsty. [Obs.]
INTHRALL,To reduce to bondage or servitude; to make a thrall, slave,vassal, or
captive of; to enslave.She soothes, but never can inthrall my mind. Prior.
INTHRALLMENT,Act of inthralling, or state of being inthralled; servitude;bondage;
vassalage.
INTHRONE,Same as Enthrone.
INTHRONG,To throng or collect together. [R.] Fairfax.
INTHRONIZATION,Enthronement. Bp. Warburton.
INTHRONIZE,To enthrone.
INTICE,See Entice.
INTIMACY,The state of being intimate; close familiarity or association;nearness in
friendship.
INTIMATE,An intimate friend or associate; a confidant. Gov. of theTongue.
INTIMATELY,In an intimate manner.
INTIME,Inward; internal; intimate. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
INTIMIDATE,To make timid or fearful; to inspire of affect with fear; todeter, as by
threats; to dishearten; to abash.Now guilt, once harbored in the conscious breast,
Intimidates thebrave, degrades the great. Johnson.
INTIMIDATION,The act of making timid or fearful or of deterring by threats;the
state of being intimidated; as, the voters were kept from thepolls by
intimidation.The king carried his measures in Parliament by intimidation. Paley.
INTIMIDATORY,Tending or serving to intimidate.
INTINCTION,A method or practice of the administration of the sacrament bydipping
the bread or wafer in the wine and administering bothtogether.
INTINCTIVITY,The want of the quality of coloring or tingeing other bodies.Kirwan.
INTINE,A transparent, extensible membrane of extreme tenuity, whichforms the
innermost coating of grains of pollen.
INTITLE,See Entitle.
INTITULE,To entitle; to give a title to. Selden.
INTO,To the inside of; within. It is used in a variety ofapplications.
INTOLERABILITY,The quality of being intolerable; intolerableness. [R.]
INTOLERANCY,Intolerance. Bailey.
INTOLERANT,An intolerant person; a bigot.
INTOLERANTLY,In an intolerant manner.
INTOLERATED,Not tolerated.
INTOLERATING,Intolerant. [R.]
INTOLERATION,Intolerance; want of toleration; refusal to tolerate adifference of
opinion.
INTOMB,To place in a tomb; to bury; to entomb. See Entomb.
INTOMBMENT,See Entombment.
INTONATE,To thunder. [Obs.] Bailey.
INTONATION,A thundering; thunder. [Obs.] Bailey.
INTONE,To utter with a musical or prolonged note or tone; to chant;as, to intone
the church service.
INTORSION,The bending or twining of any part of a plant toward one sideor the
other, or in any direction from the vertical.
INTORT,To twist in and out; to twine; to wreathe; to wind; to wring.Pope.
INTORTION,See Intorsion.
INTOXICANT,That which intoxicates; an intoxicating agent; as, alcohol,opium, and
laughing gas are intoxicants.
INTOXICATEDNESS,The state of being intoxicated; intoxication; drunkenness. [R.]
INTOXICATING,Producing intoxication; as, intoxicating liquors.
INTOXICATION,A poisoning, as by a spirituous or a narcotic substance.
INTRA-,A prefix signifying in, within, interior; as, intraocular,within the
eyeball; intramarginal.
INTRAAXILLARY,Situated below the point where a leaf joins the stem.
INTRACELLULAR,Within a cell; as, the intracellular movements seen in thepigment
cells, the salivary cells, and in the protoplasm of somevegetable cells.
INTRACOLIC,Within the colon; as, the intracolic valve.
INTRACRANIAL,Within the cranium or skull. Sir W. Hamilton.
INTRACTABILITY,The quality of being intractable; intractableness. Bp. Hurd.
INTRACTABLE,Not tractable; not easily governed, managed, or directed;indisposed to
be taught, disciplined, or tamed; violent; stubborn;obstinate; refractory; as, an
intractable child.
INTRACTILE,Not tractile; incapable of being drawn out or extended. Bacon.
INTRADOS,The interior curve of an arch; esp., the inner or lower curvedface of the
whole body of voussoirs taken together. See Extrados.
INTRAFOLIACEOUS,Growing immediately above, or in front of, a leaf;
as,intrafoliaceous stipules.
INTRAFUSION,The act of pouring into a vessel; specif. (Med.), the operationof
introducing a substance into a blood vessel; as, intrafusion ofblood.
INTRALOBULAR,Within lobules; as, the intralobular branches of the hepaticveins.
INTRAMARGINAL,Situated within the margin. Loudon.
INTRAMERCURIAL,Between the planet Mercury and the sun; -- as, the
hypotheticalVulcan is intramercurial.
INTRAMOLECULAR,Between molecules; situated, or acting, between the moleculesof
bodies.
INTRAMUNDANE,Being within the material world; -- opposed to extramundane.
INTRAMURAL,Being within the substance of the walls of an organ; as,intramural
pregnancy.
INTRANQUILLITY,Unquietness; restlessness. Sir W. Temple.
INTRANSCALENT,Impervious to heat; adiathermic.
INTRANSGRESSIBLE,Incapable of being transgressed; not to be passes over orcrossed.
Holland.
INTRANSIENT,Not transient; remaining; permanent. Killingbeck.
INTRANSIGENT,Refusing compromise; uncompromising; irreconcilable. Lond. Sat.Rev.
INTRANSIGENTES,The extreme radicals; the party of the irreconcilables.
INTRANSITIVE,Not transitive; not passing over tas, an intransitive verb, e.g., the
bird flies; the dog runs.
INTRANSITIVELY,Without an object following; in the manner of an intransitiveverb.
INTRANSMISSIBLE,Not capable of being transmitted.
INTRANSMUTABILITY,The quality of being intransmutable.
INTRANSMUTABLE,Not capable of being transmuted or changed into anothersubstance.
INTRANT,Entering; penetrating.
INTRANUCLEAR,Within the nucleus of a cell; as. the intranuclear network offibrils,
seen in the first stages of karyokinesis.
INTRAP,See Entrap. Spenser.
INTRAPARIETAL,Situated or occurring within an inclosure; shut off from publicsight;
private; secluded; retired.I have no Turkish proclivities, and I do not think that,
after all,impaling is preferable as a mode of capital punishment tointraparietal
hanging. Roll
INTRAPETIOLAR,Situated between the petiole and the stem; -- said of the pairof
stipules at the base of a petiole when united by those marginsnext the petiole,
thus seeming to form a single stipule between thepetiole and the stem or branch; --
often confounded withinterpetiolar, from which it differs essentially in meaning.
INTRATERRITORIAL,Within the territory or a territory.
INTRATHORACIC,Within the thora
INTRATROPICAL,Within the tropics.
INTRAUTERINE,Within the uterus or womb; as, intrauterine hemorrhage.
INTRAVALVULAR,Between valves.
INTRAVENOUS,Within the veins.
INTRAVENTRICULAR,Within or between ventricles.
INTREASURE,To lay up, as in a treasury; to hoard. [Obs.] Shak.
INTREAT,See Entreat. Spenser.
INTREATABLE,Not to be entreated; inexorable.
INTREATANCE,Entreaty. [Obs.] Holland.
INTREATFUL,Full of entreaty. [Obs.] Spenser.
INTRENCH,To invade; to encroach; to infringe or trespass; to enter on,and take
possession of, that which belongs to another; -- usuallyfollowed by on or upon; as,
the king was charged with intrenching onthe rights of the nobles, and the nobles
were accused of intrenchingon the prerogative of the crown.We are not to intrench
upon truth in any conversation, but least ofall with children. Locke.
INTRENCHANT,Not to be gashed or marked with furrows. [Obs.]As easy mayest thou the
intrenchant air With thy keen sword impress,as make me bleed. Shak.
INTRENCHMENT,Any defensive work consisting of at least a trench or ditch anda
parapet made from the earth thrown up in making such a ditch.On our side, we have
thrown up intrenchments on Winter and ProspectHills. Washington.
INTREPID,Not trembling or shaking with fear; fearless; bold; brave;undaunted;
courageous; as, an intrepid soldier; intrepid spirit.
INTREPIDITY,The quality or state of being intrepid; fearless bravery;courage;
resoluteness; valor.Sir Roger had acquitted himself of two or three sentences with
a lookof much business and great intrepidity. Addison.
INTREPIDLY,In an intrepid manner; courageously; resolutely.
INTRICABLE,Entangling. [Obs.] Shelton.
INTRICACY,The state or quality of being intricate or entangled;perplexity;
involution; complication; complexity; that which isintricate or involved; as, the
intricacy of a knot; the intricacy ofaccounts; the intricacy of a cause in
controversy; the intricacy of aplot.Freed from intricacies, taught to live The
easiest way. Milton.
INTRICATE,Entangled; involved; perplexed; complicated; difficult tounderstand,
follow, arrange, or adjust; as, intricate machinery,labyrinths, accounts, plots,
etc.His style was fit to convey the most intricate business to theunderstanding
with the utmost clearness. Addison.The nature of man is intricate. Burke.
INTRICATELY,In an intricate manner.
INTRICATENESS,The state or quality of being intricate; intricacy.
INTRICATION,Entanglement. [Obs.]
INTRIGANTE,A female intriguer.
INTRIGUE,To fill with artifice and duplicity; to complicate; toembarrass. [Obs.]How
doth it [sin] perplex and intrique the whole course of yourlives! Dr. J. Scott.
INTRIGUER,One who intrigues.
INTRIGUERY,Arts or practice of intrigue.
INTRIGUINGLY,By means of, or in the manner of, intrigue.
INTRINSE,Tightly drawn; or (perhaps) intricate. [Very rare]Like rats, oft bite the
holy cords atwain, Which are too intrinse tounloose. Shak.
INTRINSIC,Included wholly within an organ or limb, as certain groups ofmuscles; --
opposed to extrinsic. Intrinsic energy of a body(Physics), the work it can do in
virtue of its actual condition,without any supply of energy from without.--
Intrinsic equation of a curve (Geom.), the equation whichexpresses the relation
which the length of a curve, measured from agiven point of it, to a movable point,
has to the angle which thetangent to the curve at the movable point makes with a
fixed line.-- Intrinsic value. See the Note under Value, n.
INTRINSICALITY,The quality of
INTRINSICALLY,Internally;A lie is a thing absolutely and intrinsically evil. South.
INTRINSICALNESS,The quality of being intrinsical; intrinsicality.
INTRINSICATE,Intricate. [Obs.] Shak.
INTRO-,A prefix signifying within, into, in, inward; as, introduce,introreception,
introthoracic.
INTROCESSION,A depression, or inward sinking of parts.
INTRODUCEMENT,Introduction. [Obs.]
INTRODUCER,One who, or that which, introduces.
INTRODUCT,To introduce. [Obs.]
INTRODUCTIVE,Serving to introduce; introductory.-- In`tro*duc"tive*ly, adv.
INTRODUCTOR,An introducer. [Obs.]
INTRODUCTORILY,By way of introduction.
INTRODUCTORY,Serving to introduce something else; leading to the mainsubject or
business; preliminary; prefatory; as, introductoryproceedings; an introductory
discourse.
INTRODUCTRESS,A female introducer.
INTROFLEXED,Flexed or bent inward.
INTROGRESSION,The act of going in; entrance. Blount.
INTROIT,An anthem or psalm sung before the Communion service.
INTROMISSION,An intermeddling with the affairs of another, either on legalgrounds
or without authority.
INTROMIT,To intermeddle with the effects or goods of another.
INTROMITTENT,Used in copulation; -- said of the external reproductive organsof the
males of many animals, and sometimes of those of the females.
INTROMITTER,One who intromits.
INTROPRESSION,Pressure acting within. [R.]
INTRORECEPTION,The act of admitting into or within. Hammond.
INTRORSE,Turning or facing inward, or toward the axis of the part towhich it
belongs. Gray.
INTROSPECT,To look into or within; to view the inside of. Bailey.
INTROSPECTION,A view of the inside or interior; a looking inward;specifically, the
act or process of self-examination, or inspectionof one's own thoughts and
feelings; the cognition which the mind hasof its own acts and states; self-
consciousness; reflection.I was forced to make an introspection into my own mind.
Dryden.
INTROSPECTIONIST,One given to the introspective method of examining thephenomena of
the soul.
INTROSUME,To draw in; to swallow. [Obs.] Evelyn.
INTROSUSCEPTION,Same as Intussusception.
INTROVENIENT,Coming in together; entering; commingling. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
INTROVERSION,The act of introverting, or the state of being introverted; theact of
turning the mind inward. Berkeley.
INTRUDE,To thrust one's self in; to come or go in without invitation,permission, or
welcome; to encroach; to trespass; as, to intrude onfamilies at unseasonable hours;
to intrude on the lands of another.Thy wit wants edge And manners, to intrude where
I am graced. Shak.Some thoughts rise and intrude upon us, while we shun them;
othersfly from us, when we would hold them. I. Watts.
INTRUDED,Same as Intrusive.
INTRUDER,One who intrudes; one who thrusts himself in, or enters withoutright, or
without leave or welcome; a trespasser.They were all strangers and intruders.
Locke.
INTRUDRESS,A female intruder.
INTRUNK,To inclose as in a trunk; to incase. [R.] Ford.
INTRUSION,The penetrating of one rock, while in a plastic or metal state,into the
cavities of another.
INTRUSIONAL,Of or pertaining to intrusion.
INTRUSIONIST,One who intrudes; especially, one who favors the appointment ofa
clergyman to a parish, by a patron, against the wishes of theparishioners.
INTRUSIVE,Apt to intrude; characterized by intrusion; entering withoutright or
welcome. Intrusive rocks (Geol.), rocks which have beenforced, while in a plastic
or melted state, into the cavities orbetween the cracks or layers of other rocks.
The term is sometimesused as equivalent to plutonic rocks. It is then contrasted
witheffusive or volcanic rocks.-- In*tru"sive*ly, adv.-- In*tru"sive*ness, n.
INTRUST,To deliver (something) to another in trust; to deliver to(another)
something in trust; to commit or surrender (something) toanother with a certain
confidence regarding his care, use, ordisposal of it; as, to intrust a servant with
one's money or intrustmoney or goods to a servant.
INTUBATION,The introduction of a tube into an organ to keep it open, asinto the
larynx in croup.
INTUITIONAL,Pertaining to, or derived from, intuition; characterized byintuition;
perceived by intuition; intuitive.
INTUITIONALISM,The doctrine that the perception or recognition of primarytruth is
intuitive, or direct and immediate; -- opposed tosensationalism, and
experientialism.
INTUITIONALIST,One who holds the doctrine of intuitionalism.
INTUITIONISM,Same as Intuitionalism.
INTUITIONIST,Same as Intuitionalist. Bain.
INTUITIVELY,In an intuitive manner.
INTUITIVISM,The doctrine that the ideas of right and wrong are intuitive.J. Grote.
INTUMESCE,To enlarge or expand with heat; to swell; specifically, toswell up or
bubble up under the action of heat, as before theblowpipe.In a higher heat, it
intumesces, and melts into a yellowish blackmass. Kirwan.
INTUMESCENT,Swelling up; expanding.
INTUMULATED,Unburied. [Obs.]
INTUNE,To intone. Cf. Entune.
INTURBIDATE,To render turbid; to darken; to confuse. [R.]The confusion of ideas and
conceptions under the same term painfullyinturbidates his theology. Coleridge.
INTURGESCENCE,A swelling; the act of swelling, or state of being swelled.[Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
INTUSE,A bruise; a contusion. [Obs.] Spenser.
INTUSSUSCEPTED,Received into some other thing or part, as a sword into asheath;
invaginated.
INTUSSUSCEPTION,The abnormal reception or slipping of a part of a tube, byinversion
and descent, within a contiguous part of it; specifically,the reception or slipping
of the upper part of the small intestineinto the lower; introsusception;
invagination. Dunglison.
INTWINE,To twine or twist into, or together; to wreathe; as, a wreathof flowers
intwined. [Written also entwine.]
INTWINEMENT,The act of twinning, or the state of being intwined.
INTWIST,To twist into or together; to interweave. [Written alsoentwist.]
INUENDO,See Innuendo.
INULIN,A substance of very wide occurrence. It is found dissolved inthe sap of the
roots and rhizomes of many composite and other plants,as Inula, Helianthus,
Campanula, etc., and is extracted by solutionas a tasteless, white, semicrystalline
substance, resembling starch,with which it is isomeric. It is intermediate in
nature betweenstarch and sugar. Called also dahlin, helenin, alantin, etc.
INULOID,A substance resembling inulin, found in the unripe bulbs of thedahila.
INUMBRATE,To shade; to darken. [Obs.]
INUNCTED,Anointed. [Obs.] Cockeram.
INUNCTION,The act of anointing, or the state of being anointed;
unction;specifically (Med.), the rubbing of ointments into the pores of theskin, by
which medicinal agents contained in them, such as mercury,iodide of potash, etc.,
are absorbed.
INUNCTUOSITY,The want of unctuosity; freedom from greasiness or oiliness;as, the
inunctuosity of porcelain clay. Kirwan.
INUNDANT,Overflowing. [R.] Shenstone.
INUNDERSTANDING,Void of understanding. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
INURBANE,Uncivil; unpolished; rude. M. Arnold.-- In`ur*bane"ly, adv.--
In`ur*bane"ness, n.
INURBANITY,Want of urbanity or courtesy; unpolished manners or
deportment;inurbaneness; rudeness. Bp. Hall.
INURE,To apply in use; to train; to discipline; to use or accustomtill use gives
little or no pain or inconvenience; to harden; tohabituate; to practice habitually.
"To inure our prompt obedience."Milton.He . . . did inure them to speak little. Sir
T. North.Inured and exercised in learning. Robynson (More's Utopia).The poor,
inured to drudgery and distress. Cowper.
INUREMENT,Use; practice; discipline; habit; custom.
INURN,To put in an urn, as the ashes of the dead; hence, to bury; tointomb.The
sepulcher Wherein we saw thee quietly inurned. Shak.
INUSITATE,Unusual. [R.] Bramhall.
INUSITATION,Want of use; disuse. [R.] Paley.
INUST,Burnt in. [Obs.]
INUSTION,The act of burning or branding. [Obs.] T. Adams.
INUTILE,Useless; unprofitable. [Obs.] Bacon.
INUTILITY,Uselessness; the quality of being unprofitable;unprofitableness; as, the
inutility of vain speculations andvisionary projects.
INUTTERABLE,Unutterable; inexpressible. Milton.
INVADE,To make an invasion. Brougham.
INVADER,One who invades; an assailant; an encroacher; an intruder.
INVAGINATE,To insert as in a sheath; to pr
INVAGINATION,The condition of an invaginated organ or part.
INVALESCENCE,Strength; health. [Obs.]
INVALETUDINARY,Wanting health; valetudinary. [R.]
INVALID,Having no force, effect, or efficacy; void; null; as, aninvalid contract or
agreement.
INVALIDATE,To render invalid; to weaken or lessen the force of; to destroythe
authority of; to render of no force or effect; to overthrow; as,to invalidate an
agreement or argument.
INVALIDATION,The act of inavlidating, or the state of being invalidated.So many
invalidations of their right. Burke.
INVALIDE,See Invalid, n.
INVALIDISM,The condition of an invalid; sickness; infirmity.
INVALIDNESS,Invalidity; as, the invalidness of reasoning.
INVALOROUS,Not valorous; cowardly.
INVALUABLE,Valuable beyond estimation; inestimable; priceless; precious.
INVALUABLY,Inestimably. Bp. Hall.
INVALUED,Inestimable. [R.] Drayton.
INVARIABILITY,The quality of being invariable; invariableness;
constancy;uniformity.
INVARIABLE,Not given to variation or change; unalterable; unchangeable;always
uniform.Physical laws which are invariable. I. Taylor.-- In*va"ri*a*ble*ness, n.--
In*va"ri*a*bly, adv.
INVARIANCE,The property of remaining invariable under prescribed orimplied
conditions. J. J. Sylvester.
INVARIANT,An invariable quantity; specifically, a function of thecoefficients of
one or more forms, which remains unaltered, whenthese undergo suitable linear
transformations. J. J. Sylvester.
INVASIVE,Tending to invade; characterized by invasion; aggressive."Invasive war."
Hoole.
INVECT,To inveigh. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
INVECTED,Having a border or outline composed of semicircles with theconvexity
outward; -- the opposite of engrailed.
INVECTION,An inveighing against; invective. [Obs.] Fulke.
INVECTIVE,Characterized by invection; critical; denunciatory; satirical;abusive;
railing.
INVECTIVELY,In an invective manner. Shak.
INVEIGH,To declaim or rail (against some person or thing); to uttercensorious and
bitter language; to attack with harsh criticism orreproach, either spoken or
written; to use invectives; -- withagainst; as, to inveigh against character,
conduct, manners, customs,morals, a law, an abuse.All men inveighed against him;
all men, except court vassals, opposedhim. Milton.The artificial life against which
we inveighed. Hawthorne.
INVEIGHER,One who inveighs.
INVEIGLE,To lead astray as if blind; to persuade to something evil bydeceptive arts
or flattery; to entice; to insnare; to seduce; towheedle.Yet have they many baits
and guileful spells To inveigle and invitethe un unwary sense. Milton.
INVEIGLEMENT,The act of inveigling, or the state of being inveigled; thatwhich
inveigles; enticement; seduction. South.
INVEIGLER,One who inveigles.
INVEIL,To cover, as with a vail. W. Browne.
INVENDIBILITY,The quality of being invendible; invendibleness; unsalableness.
INVENDIBLE,Not vendible or salable. Jefferson.-- In*vend"i*ble*ness, n.
INVENOM,See Envenom.
INVENTER,One who invents.
INVENTFUL,Full of invention. J. Gifford.
INVENTIBLE,Capable of being invented.
INVENTIBLENESS,Quality of being inventible.
INVENTION,The exercise of the imagination in selecting and treating atheme, or more
commonly in contriving the arrangement of a piece, orthe method of presenting its
parts. Invention of the cross (Eccl.), afestival celebrated May 3d, in honor of the
finding of our Savior'scross by St. Helena.
INVENTIOUS,Inventive. [Obs.]
INVENTIVE,Able and apt to invent; quick at contrivance; ready atexpedients; as, an
inventive head or genius. Dryden.-- In*vent"ive*ly, adv.-- In*vent"ive*ness, n.
INVENTOR,One who invents or finds out something new; a contriver;especially, one
who invents mechanical devices.
INVENTORIAL,Of or pertaining to an inventory.-- In`ven*to"ri*al*ly, adv. Shak.
INVENTORY,An account, catalogue, or schedule, made by an executor oradministrator,
of all the goods and chattels, and sometimes of thereal estate, of a deceased
person; a list of the property of which aperson or estate is found to be possessed;
hence, an itemized list ofgoods or valuables, with their estimated worth;
specifically, theannual account of stock taken in any business.There take an
inventory of all I have. Shak.
INVENTRESS,A woman who invents. Dryden.
INVERACITY,Want of veracity.
INVERISIMILITUDE,Want of verisimilitude or likelihood; improbability.
INVERSE,Inverted; having a position or mode of attachment the reverseof that which
is usual.
INVERSELY,In an inverse order or manner; by inversion; -- opposed todirectly.
Inversely proportional. See Directly proportional, underDirectly, and Inversion, 4.
INVERSION,A movement in tactics by which the order of companies in lineis inverted,
the right being on the left, the left on the right, andso on.
INVERT,To change the position of; -- said of tones which form a chord,or parts
which compose harmony.
INVERTEBRAL,Same as Invertebrate.
INVERTEBRATA,A comprehensive division of the animal kingdom, including allexcept
the Vertebrata.
INVERTEBRATE,Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebræ; of or pertainingto the
Invertebrata.-- n.
INVERTEBRATED,Having no backbone; invertebrate.
INVERTED,Situated apparently in reverse order, as strata when foldedback upon
themselves by upheaval. Inverted arch (Arch.), an archplaced with crown downward;
-- much used in foundations.
INVERTEDLY,In an inverted order. Derham.
INVERTIBLE,Capable of being changed or converted; as, invertible sugar.
INVERTIN,An unorganized ferment which causes cane sugar to take up amolecule of
water and be converted into invert sugar.
INVEST,To inclose; to surround of hem in with troops, so as tointercept succors of
men and provisions and prevent escape; to laysiege to; as, to invest a town.
INVESTIENT,Covering; clothing. [R.] Woodward.
INVESTIGABLE,Capable or susceptible of being investigated; admittingresearch.
Hooker.
INVESTIGATE,To follow up step by step by patient inquiry or observation; totrace or
track mentally; to search into; to inquire and examine intowith care and accuracy;
to find out by careful inquisition; as, toinvestigate the causes of natural
phenomena.
INVESTIGATION,The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into orfollowing
up; research; study; inquiry, esp. patient or thoroughinquiry or examination; as,
the investigations of the philosopher andthe mathematician; the investigations of
the judge, the moralist.
INVESTIGATIVE,Given to investigation; inquisitive; curious; searching.
INVESTIGATOR,One who searches diligently into a subject.
INVESTITURE,Livery of seizin.The grant of land or a feud was perfected by the
ceremonyoinvestiture, or open delivery of possession. Blackstone.
INVESTIVE,Investing. [R.] Mir. for Mag.
INVESTMENT,The act of surrounding, blocking up, or besieging by an armedforce, or
the state of being so surrounded.The capitulation was signed by the commander of
the fort within sixdays after its investments. Marshall.
INVESTOR,One who invests.
INVESTURE,Investiture; investment. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
INVETERATE,To fix and settle by long continuance. [Obs.] Bacon.
INVETERATELY,In an inveterate manner or degree. "Inveterately tough."Hawthorne.
INVETERATENESS,Inveteracy. Sir T. Browne.
INVETERATION,The act of making inveterate. [R.] Bailey.
INVICT,Invincible. [Obs.] Joye.
INVIDIOUS,Want of vigilance; neglect of watching; carelessness.
INVIGOR,To invigorate. [Obs.]
INVIGORATE,To give vigor to; to strengthen; to animate; to give life andenergy
to.Christian graces and virtues they can not be, unless fed,invigorated, and
animated by universal charity. Atterbury.
INVIGORATION,The act of invigorating, or the state of being invigorated.
INVILE,To render vile. [Obs.] Daniel.
INVILLAGED,Turned into, or reduced to, a village. [Obs.] W. Browne.
INVINCIBILITY,The quality or state of being invincible; invincibleness.
INVINCIBLE,Incapable of being conquered, overcome, or subdued;unconquerable;
insuperable; as, an invincible army, or obstacle.Lead forth to battle these my sons
Invincible. Milton.-- In*vin"ci*ble*ness, n.-- In*vin"ci*bly, adv.
INVIOLABILITY,The quality or state of being inviolable; inviolableness.
INVIOLABLENESS,The quality or state of being inviolable; as, theinviolableness of
divine justice.
INVIOLABLY,Without violation.
INVIOLACY,The state or quality of being inviolate; as, the inviolacy ofan oath.
INVIOLATELY,In an inviolate manner.
INVIOLATENESS,The state of being inviolate.
INVIOUS,Untrodden. [R.] Hudibras.-- In"vi*ous*ness, n. [R.]
INVIRILE,Deficient in manhood; unmanly; effeminate. Lowell.
INVIRILITY,Absence of virility or manhood; effeminacy. Prynne.
INVISCATE,To daub or catch with glue or birdlime; to entangle withglutinous matter.
[R.] Sir T. Browne.
INVISCERATE,To breed; to nourish. [R.] W. Montagu.
INVISIBILITY,The state or quality of being invisible; also, that which isinvisible.
"Atoms and invisibilities." Landor.
INVISIBLE,Incapable of being seen; not perceptible by vision; notvisible.To us
invisible, or dimly seen In these thy lowest works. Milton.Invisible bird (Zoöl.),
a small, shy singing bird (Myadestessibilons), of St. Vincent Islands.-- Invisible
green, a very dark shade of green, approaching toblack, and liable to be mistaken
for it.
INVISIBLENESS,The quality or state of being invisible; invisibility.
INVISIBLY,In an invisible manner, Denham.
INVISION,Want of vision or of the power of seeing. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
INVITATORY,Using or containing invitations.The "Venite" [Psalm xcv.], which is also
called the invitatory psalm.Hook.
INVITE,To give invitation. Milton.
INVITEMENT,Invitation. [Obs.] Chapman.
INVITER,One who, or that which, invites.
INVITIATE,Not vitiated. Lowell.
INVITING,Alluring; tempting; as, an inviting amusement or prospect.Nothing is so
easy and inviting as the retort of abuse and sarcasm.W. Irving.-- In*vit"ing*ly,
adv.-- In*vit"ing*ness, n. Jer. Taylor.
INVITRIFIABLE,Not admitting of being vitrified, or converted into glass.Kirwan.
INVOCATE,To invoke; to call on, or for, in supplication; to implore.If Dagon be thy
god, Go to his temple, invocate his aid. Milton.
INVOCATION,A call or summons; especially, a judicial call, demand, ororder; as, the
invocation of papers or evidence into court.
INVOCATORY,Making or containing invocation; invoking.
INVOICE,A written account of the particulars of merchandise shipped orsent to a
purchaser, consignee, factor, etc., with the value orprices and charges annexed.
Wharton.
INVOKE,To call on for aid or protection; to invite earnestly orsolemnly; to summon;
to address in prayer; to solicit or demand byinvocation; to implore; as, to invoke
the Supreme Being, or to invokeHis and blessing.Go, my dread lord, to your great
grandsire's tomb, . . . Invoke hiswarlike spirit. Shak.
INVOLUCEL,A partial, secondary, or small involucre. See Illust. ofInvolucre.
INVOLUCELLATE,Furnished with involucels.
INVOLUCELLUM,See Involucel.
INVOLUCRAL,Pertaining to, possessing, or like, an involucrum.
INVOLUCRED,Having an involucre, as umbels, heads, etc. Martyn.
INVOLUCRET,An involucel.
INVOLUCRUM,See Involucre.
INVOLUNTARILY,In an involuntary manner; not voluntarily; not intentionally
orwillingly.
INVOLUNTARINESS,The quality or state of being involuntary;
unwillingness;automatism.
INVOLUNTARY,Rolled inward from the edges; -- said of leaves in vernation,or of the
petals of flowers in æstivation. Gray.
INVOLUTE,A curve traced by the end of a string wound upon another curve,or unwound
from it; -- called also evolvent. See Evolute.
INVOLUTION,The insertion of one or more clauses between the subject andthe verb, in
a way that involves or complicates the construction.
INVOLVE,To raise to any assigned power; to multiply, as a quantity,into itself a
given number of times; as, a quantity involved to thethird or fourth power.
INVOLVED,Same as Involute.
INVOLVEDNESS,The state of being involved.
INVOLVEMENT,The act of involving, or the state of being involved. LewWallace.
INVULGAR,To cause to become or appear vulgar. [Obs.] Daniel.
INVULNERABILITY,Quality or state of being invulnerable.
INVULNERABLENESS,Invulnerability.
INVULNERATE,Invulnerable.
INWALL,To inclose or fortify as with a wall. Spenser.
INWARDS,See Inward.
INWEAVE,To weave in or together; to intermix or intertwine by weaving;to
interlace.Down they cast Their crowns, inwove with amaranth and gold. Milton.
INWHEEL,To encircle. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
INWIT,Inward sense; mind; understanding; conscience. [Obs.] Wyclif.
INWITH,Within. [Obs.]This purse hath she inwith her bosom hid. Chaucer.
INWORK,To work in or within.
INWORN,Worn, wrought, or stamped in. [R.] Milton.
INWREATHE,To surround or encompass as with a wreath. [Written
alsoenwreathe.]Resplendent locks, inwreathed with beams. Milton.
INWROUGHT,Wrought or worked in or among other things; worked into anyfabric so as
to from a part of its texture; wrought or adorned, aswith figures.His mantle hairy,
and his bonnet sedge, Inwrought with figures dim.Milton.
IO MOTH,A large and handsome American moth (Hyperchiria Io), having alarge, bright-
colored spot on each hind wing, resembling the spots onthe tail of a peacock. The
larva is covered with prickly hairs, whichsting like nettles.
IO,An exclamation of joy or triumph; -- often interjectional.
IOD-,See Iodo-.
IODAL,An oily liquid, Cl3.CHO, analogous to chloral and bromal.
IODATE,A salt of iodic acid.
IODHYDRIN,One of a series of compounds containing iodine, and analogousto the
chlorhydrins.
IODIC,to, or containing, iodine; specif., denoting those compounds inwhich it has a
relatively high valence; as, iodic acid. Iodic acid, amonobasic acid, consisting of
iodine with three parts of oxygen andone of hydrogen.
IODIDE,A binary compound of iodine, or one which may be regarded asbinary; as,
potassium iodide.
IODINE,A nonmetallic element, of the halogen group, occurring alwaysin combination,
as in the iodides. When isolated it is in the form ofdark gray metallic scales,
resembling plumbago, soft but brittle, andemitting a chlorinelike odor. Symbol I.
Atomic weight 126.5. Ifheated, iodine volatilizes in beautiful violet vapors.
IODISM,A morbid state produced by the use of iodine and its compounds,and
characterized by palpitation, depression, and general emaciation,with a pustular
eruption upon the skin.
IODIZE,To treat or impregnate with iodine or its compounds; as, toiodize a plate
for photography. R. Hunt.
IODIZER,One who, or that which, iodizes.
IODOCRESOL,Any of several isomeric iodine derivatives of the cresols,C6H3I(CH3)OH,
esp. one, an odorless amorphous powder, used inmedicine as a substitute for
iodoform.
IODOFORM,A yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, CI3H, having anoffensive odor
and sweetish taste, and analogous to chloroform. It isused in medicine as a healing
and antiseptic dressing for wounds andsores.
IODOFORMOGEN,A light powder used as a substitute for iodoform. It is acompound of
iodoform and albumin.
IODOL,A crystallized substance of the composition C4I4NH, technicallytetra-iodo-
pyrrol, used like iodoform.
IODOQUININE,A iodide of quinine obtained as a brown substance,. It is thebase of
herapathite. See Herapathite.
IODOTHYRIN,A peculiar substance obtained from the thyroid gland,containing from
nine to ten per cent of iodine.
IODOUS,Pertaining to, or containing, iodine. See -ous (chemicalsuffix). Iodous
acid, a hypothetical acid, analogous to chlorousacid.
IODURET,Iodide. [Obs.]
IODYRITE,Silver iodide, a mineral of a yellowish color.
IOLITE,A silicate of alumina, iron, and magnesia, having a bright bluecolor and
vitreous luster; cordierite. It is remarkable for itsdichroism, and is also called
dichroite.
ION,One of the elements which appear at the respective poles when abody is
subjected to electro-chemical decomposition. Cf. Anion,Cation.
IONIAN,Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians; Ionic.-- n.
IONIC,Pertaining to the Ionic order of architecture, one of the threeorders
invented by the Greeks, and one of the five recognized by theItalian writers of the
sixteenth century. Its distinguishing featureis a capital with spiral volutes. See
Illust. of Capital. Ionicdialect (Gr. Gram.), a dialect of the Greek language, used
in Ionia.The Homeric poems are written in what is designated old Ionic,
asdistinguished from new Ionic, or Attic, the dialect of all cultivatedGreeks in
the period of Athenian prosperity and glory.-- Ionic foot. (Pros.) See Ionic, n.,
1.-- Ionic, or Ionian, mode (Mus.), an ancient mode, supposed tocorrespond with the
modern major scale of C.-- Ionic sect, a sect of philosophers founded by Thales of
Miletus,in Ionia. Their distinguishing tenet was, that water is the
originalprinciple of all things.-- Ionic type, a kind of heavy-faced type (as that
of the followingline).
IONIDIUM,A genus of violaceous plants, chiefly found in tropicalAmerica, some
species of which are used as substitutes foripecacuanha.
IONIZE,To separate (a compound) into ions, esp. by dissolving inwater.
--I`on*i*za"tion (#), n.
IOQUA SHELL,The shell of a large Dentalium (D. pretiosum), formerly used asshell
money, and for ornaments, by the Indians of the west coast ofNorth America.
IOTACISM,The frequent use of the sound of iota (that of English e inbe), as among
the modern Greeks; also, confusion from soundingLittré.
IOWAS,; sing. Iowa. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians which formerlyoccupied the region
now included in the State of Iowa.
IPECAC,An abbreviation of Ipecacuanha, and in more frequent use.
IPECACUANHA,The root of a Brazilian rubiaceous herb (CephaëlisIpecacuanha), largely
employed as an emetic; also, the plant itself;also, a medicinal extract of the
root. Many other plants are used asa substitutes; among them are the black or
Peruvian ipecac(Psychotria emetica), the white ipecac (Ionidium Ipecacuanha),
thebastard or wild ipecac (Asclepias Curassavica), and the undulatedipecac
(Richardsonia scabra).
IPOCRAS,Hippocras. [Obs.] Chaucer.
IPOMOEA,, and Gray.] (Bot.) A genus of twining plants with showymonopetalous
flowers, including the morning-glory, the sweet potato,and the cypress vine.
IPOMOEIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by theoxidation of
convolvulin (obtained from jalap, the tubers of Ipomoeapurga), and identical in
most of its properties with sebacic acid.
IR-,. A form of the prefix in-. See In-.
IRACUND,Irascible; choleric. "Iracund people." Carlyle.
IRADE,A decree of the Sultan.
IRAN,The native name of Persia.
IRANIAN,Of or pertaining to Iran.-- n.
IRANIC,Iranian.
IRASCIBILITY,The quality or state of being irascible; irritability oftemper;
irascibleness.
IRASCIBLE,Prone to anger; easily provoked or inflamed to anger; choleric;irritable;
as, an irascible man; an irascible temper or mood.-- I*ras"ci*ble*ness, n.--
I*ras"ci*bly, adv.
IRATE,Angry; incensed; enraged. [Recent]The irate colonel . . . stood speechless.
Thackeray.Mr. Jaggers suddenly became most irate. Dickens.
IRE,Anger; wrath. [Poet.]
IREFUL,Full of ire; angry; wroth. "The ireful bastard Orleans." Shak.-- Ire"ful*ly,
adv.
IREFULNESS,Wrathfulness. Wyclif.
IRENARCH,An officer in the Greek empire having functions correspondingto those of a
justice of the peace. [Written also eirenarch.]
IRENICON,A proposition or device for securing peace, especially in thechurch.
South.
IRENICS,That branch of Christian science which treats of the methods ofsecuring
unity among Christians or harmony and union among thechurches; -- called also
Irenical theology. Schaff-Herzog.
IRESTONE,Any very hard rock.
IRIAN,Of or pertaining to the iris. "Irian nerves." Dunglison.
IRICISM,Irishism. [R.] Jeffrey.
IRIDAL,Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow; prismatic; as, theiridal colors.
Whewell.
IRIDECTOMY,The act or process of cutting out a portion of the iris inorder to form
an artificial pupil.
IRIDESCENCE,Exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; the quality orstate of
being iridescent; a prismatic play of color; as, theiridescence of mother-of-pearl.
IRIDESCENT,Having colors like the rainbow; exhibiting a play of changeablecolors;
nacreous; prismatic; as, iridescent glass.
IRIDIAN,Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow.
IRIDIATED,Iridescent.
IRIDIC,Of or pertaining to the iris of the eye.
IRIDIOSCOPE,A kind of ophthalmoscope.
IRIDIOUS,Of or pertaining to iridium; -- applied specifically tocompounds in which
iridium has a low valence.
IRIDIUM,A rare metallic element, of the same group as platinum, whichit much
resembles, being silver-white, but harder, and brittle, andindifferent to most
corrosive agents. With the exception of osmium,it is the heaviest substance known,
its specific gravity being 22.4.Symbol Ir. Atomic weight 192.5.
IRIDOLINE,A nitrogenous base C10H9N, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, asan oily
liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series, and isprobably identical with
lepidine.
IRIS DIAPHRAGM,An adjustable diaphragm, suggesting the iris of the eye in
itsaction, for regulating the aperture of a lens, consisting of a numberof thin
pieces fastened to a ring. It is used in cameras andmicroscopes.
IRIS,The goddess of the rainbow, and swift-footed messenger of thegods. Shak.
IRISATED,Exhibiting the prismatic colors; irised; iridescent. W.Phillips.
IRISCOPE,A philosophical toy for exhibiting the prismatic tints by meansof thin
films.
IRISED,Having colors like those of the rainbow; iridescent. Holmes.
IRISH AMERICAN,A native of Ireland who has become an American citizen; also, achild
or descendant of such a person.
IRISH,Of or pertaining to Ireland or to its inhabitants; produced inIreland. Irish
elk. (Zoöl.) See under Elk.-- Irish moss. (a) (Bot.) Carrageen. (b) A preparation
of the samemade into a blanc mange.-- Irish poplin. See Poplin.-- Irish potato, the
ordinary white potato, so called because it isa favorite article of food in
Ireland.-- Irish reef, or Irishman's reef (Naut.), the head of a sail tiedup.--
Irish stew, meat, potatoes, and onions, cut in small pieces andstewed.
IRISHISM,A mode of speaking peculiar to the Irish; an Hibernicism.
IRISHMAN,A man born in Ireland or of the Irish race; an Hibernian.Irishman's
hurricane (Naut.), a dead calm.-- Irishman's reef. (Naut.) See Irish reef, under
Irish, a.
IRISHRY,The Celtic people of Ireland. "The whole Irishry of rebels."Milton.
IRITIS,An inflammation of the iris of the eye.
IRK,To weary; to give pain; to annoy; -- used only impersonally atpresent.To see
this sight, it irks my very soul. Shak.It irketh him to be here. M. Arnold.
IRON WORKS,. See under Iron, a.
IRON,The most common and most useful metallic element, being ofalmost universal
occurrence, usually in the form of an oxide (ashematite, magnetite, etc.), or a
hydrous oxide (as limonite, turgite,etc.). It is reduced on an enormous scale in
three principal forms;viz., cast iron, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually
appears darkbrown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or an freshsurface,
is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized (rusted) bymoisture, and is
attacked by many corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (LatinFerrum). Atomic weight 55.9.
Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; castiron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is
superior to all othersubstances.
IRON-CASED,Cased or covered with iron, as a vessel; ironclad.
IRON-FISTED,Closefisted; stingy; mean.
IRON-GRAY,Of a gray color, somewhat resembling that of iron freshlybroken.-- n.
IRON-HEARTED,Hard-hearted; unfeeling; cruel; as, an iron-hearted master.Cowper.
IRON-SICK,Having the ironwork loose or corroded; -- said of a ship whenher bolts
and nails are so eaten with rust that she has become leaky.
IRON-SIDED,Having iron sides, or very firm sides.
IRONBARK TREE,The Australian Eucalyptus Sideroxylon, used largely bycarpenters and
shipbuilders; -- called also ironwood.
IRONCLAD,A naval vessel having the parts above water covered andprotected by iron
or steel usually in large plates closely joined andmade sufficiently thick and
strong to resist heavy shot.
IRONER,One who, or that which, irons.
IRONHEADS,A European composite herb (Centaurea nigra); -- so called fromthe
resemblance of its knobbed head to an iron ball fixed on a longhandle. Dr. Prior.
IRONIC,Ironical. Sir T. Herbert.
IRONISH,Resembling iron, as in taste. Wood.
IRONIST,One who uses irony.
IRONMASTER,A manufacturer of iron, or large dealer therein. Bp. Hurd.
IRONMONGER,A dealer in iron or hardware.
IRONMONGERY,Hardware; a general name for all articles made of iron. Gwilt.
IRONSIDES,A cuirassier or cuirassiers; also, hardy veteran soldiers; --applied
specifically to Cromwell's cavalry.
IRONSMITH,An East Indian barbet (Megalaima faber), inhabiting the Islandof Hainan.
The name alludes to its note, which resembles the soundsmade by a smith.
IRONSTONE,A hard, earthy ore of iron. Clay ironstone. See under Clay.-- Ironstone
china, a hard white pottery, first made in Englandduring the 18th century.
IRONWARE,Articles made of iron, as household utensils, tools, and thelike.
IRONWEED,A tall weed with purplish flowers (Vernonia Noveboracensis).The name is
also applied to other plants of the same genus.
IRONWOOD,A tree unusually hard, strong, or heavy wood.
IRONWORK,Anything made of iron; -- a general name of such parts orpieces of a
building, vessel, carriage, etc., as consist of iron.
IRONWORT,An herb of the Mint family (Sideritis), supposed to heal swordcuts; also,
a species of Galeopsis.
IROQUOIAN,Of, pertaining to, or designating, one of the principallinguistic stocks
of the North American Indians. The territory of thenorthern Iroquoian tribes, of
whom the Five Nations, or Iroquoisproper, were the chief, extended from the shores
of the St. Lawrenceand of Lakes Huron, Ontario, and Erie south, through
easternPennsylvania, to Maryland; that of the southern tribes, of whom theCherokees
were chief, formed part of Virginia, the Carolinas,Georgia, Tennessee, and
Kentucky. All of the tribes wereagricultural, and they were noted for large,
communal houses,palisaded towns, and ability to organize, as well as for skill
inwar. --n.
IROQUOIS,A powerful and warlike confederacy of Indian tribes, formerlyinhabiting
Central New York and constituting most of the FiveNations. Also, any Indian of the
Iroquois tribes.
IROUS,Irascible; passionate. [Obs.] Chaucer.
IRP,Making irps. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
IRRADIANT,Irradiating or illuminating; as, the irradiant moon. Boyse.
IRRADIATE,To emit rays; to shine.
IRRADIATION,The apparent enlargement of a bright object seen upon a darkground, due
to the fact that the portions of the retina around theimage are stimulated by the
intense light; as when a dark spot on awhite ground appears smaller, or a white
spot on a dark groundlarger, than it really is, esp. when a little out of focus.
IRRADICATE,To root deeply. [R.]
IRRATIONAL,Not capable of being exactly expressed by an integral number,or by a
vulgar fraction; surd; -- said especially of roots. See Surd.
IRRATIONALITY,The quality or state of being irrational. "Brutishirrationaliity."
South.
IRRATIONALLY,In an irrational manner. Boyle.
IRRATIONALNESS,Irrationality.
IRREBUTTABLE,Incapable of being rebutted. Coleridge.
IRRECEPTIVE,Not receiving; incapable of receiving.
IRRECLAIMABLE,Incapable of being reclaimed. Addison.-- Ir`re*claim"a*bly, ad
IRRECOGNITION,A failure to recognize; absence of recognition. Lamb.
IRRECOGNIZABLE,Not recognizable. Carlyle.
IRRECONCILABILITY,The quality or state of being irreconcilable;irreconcilableness.
IRRECONCILABLE,Not reconcilable; implacable; incompatible;
inconsistent;disagreeing; as, irreconcilable enemies, statements.--
Ir*rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness, n.-- Ir*rec"on*ci`la*bly, adv.
IRRECONCILE,To prevent from being reconciled; to alienate or disaffect.[Obs.]
IRRECONCILEMENT,The state or quality of being unreconciled; disagreement.
IRRECONCILIATION,Want of reconciliation; disagreement.
IRRECORDABLE,Not fit or possible to be recorded.
IRRECOVERABLE,Not capable of being recovered, regained, or remedied;irreparable;
as, an irrecoverable loss, debt, or injury.That which is past is gone and
irrecoverable. Bacon.
IRRECUPERABLE,Irrecoverable.-- Ir`re*cu"per*a*bly, adv.
IRRECURED,Incurable. [Obs.]
IRRECUSABLE,Not liable to exception or rejection. Sir W. Hamilton.
IRREDEEMABILITY,The state or quality of being irredeemable; irredeemableness.
IRREDEEMABLE,Not redeemable; that can not be redeemed; not payable in goldor
silver, as a bond; -- used especially of such government notes,issued as currency,
as are not convertible into coin at the pleasureof the holder.--
Ir`re*deem"a*ble*ness, adv.
IRREDUCIBILITY,The state or quality of being irreducible.
IRREDUCIBLE,Incapable of being reduced to a simpler form of expression; as,an
irreducible formula. Irreducible case (Alg.), a particular case inthe solution of a
cubic equation, in which the formula commonlyemployed contains an imaginary
quantity, and therefore fails in itsapplication.-- Ir`re*du"ci*ble*ness, n.-- --
Ir`re*du"ci*bly, adv.
IRREFLECTION,Want of reflection.
IRREFLECTIVE,Not reflective. De Quincey.
IRREFORMABLE,Incapable of being reformed; incorrigible. Joseph Cook.
IRREFRAGABILITY,The quality or state of being irrefragable; incapability ofbeing
refuted.
IRREFRAGABLE,Not refragable; not to be gainsaid or denied; not to be refutedor
overthrown; unanswerable; incontestable; undeniable; as, anirrefragable argument;
irrefragable evidence.-- Ir*ref"ra*ga*ble*ness, n.-- Ir*ref"ra*ga*bly, adv.
IRREFRANGIBILITY,The quality or state of being irrefrangible; irrefrangibleness.
IRREFRANGIBLE,Not refrangible; that can not be refracted in passing from onemedium
to another.-- Ir`re*fran"gi*ble*ness, n.
IRREFUTABLE,Incapable of being refuted or disproved; indisputable.--
Ir`re*fut"a*ble*ness, n.-- Ir`re*fut"a*bly, adv.
IRREGENERACY,Unregeneracy.
IRREGENERATION,An unregenerate state. [Obs.]
IRREGULAR,Not regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usagerecognized as the
general rule; not according to common form; notconformable to nature, to the rules
of moral rectitude, or toestablished principles; not normal; unnatural;
immethodical;unsymmetrical; erratic; no straight; not uniform; as, an
irregularline; an irregular figure; an irregular verse; an irregularphysician; an
irregular proceeding; irregular motion; irregularconduct, etc. Cf. Regular.Mazes
intricate, Eccentric, intervolved, yet regular Then most whenmost irregular they
seem. Milton.Leading the men of Herefordshire to fight Against the irregular
andwild Glendower. Shak.A flowery meadow through which a clear stream murmured in
manyirregular meanders. Jones.
IRREGULARIST,One who is irregular. Baxter.
IRREGULARITY,The state or quality of being irregular; that which isirregular.
IRREGULARLY,In an irregular manner.
IRREGULATE,To make irregular; to disorder. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
IRREGULOUS,Lawless. [Obs.] Shak.
IRREJECTABLE,That can not be rejected; irresistible. Boyle.
IRRELAPSABLE,Not liable to relapse; secure. Dr. H. More.
IRRELATE,Ir
IRRELATION,The quality or state of being irrelative; want of connection orrelation.
IRRELATIVE,Not relative; without mutual relations; unconnected.-- Ir*rel"a*tive*ly,
adv. Irrelative chords (Mus.), those having nocommon tone.-- Irrelative repetition
(Biol.), the multiplication of parts thatserve for a common purpose, but have no
mutual dependence orconnection. Owen.
IRRELAVANCE,Irrelevancy.
IRRELAVANCY,The quality or state of being irrelevant; as, the irrelevancyof an
argument.
IRRELAVANT,Not relevant; not applicable or pertinent; not bearing upon orserving to
support; foreign; extraneous; as, testimony or argumentsirrelevant to a case.--
Ir*rel"a*vant*ly, adv.
IRRELIEVABLE,Not admitting relief; incurable; hopeless.
IRRELIGION,The state of being irreligious; want of religion; impiety.
IRRELIGIONIST,One who is irreligious.
IRRELIGIOUSLY,In an irreligious manner.
IRRELIGIOUSNESS,The state or quality of being irreligious; ungodliness.
IRREMEABLE,Admitting no return; as, an irremeable way. [Obs.] Dryden.
IRREMEDIABLE,Not to be remedied, corrected, or redressed; incurable; as,
anirremediable disease or evil.
IRREMEDIABLENESS,The state or quality of being irremediable.
IRREMEDIABLY,In a manner, or to a degree, that precludes remedy, cure,
orcorrection.
IRREMISSIBLE,Not remissible; unpardonable; as, irremissible crimes. Burke.--
Ir`re*mis"si*ble, n.-- Ir`re*mis"si*bly, adv.
IRREMISSION,Refusal of pardon.
IRREMISSIVE,Not remitting; unforgiving.
IRREMITTABLE,Not capable of being remitted; irremissible. Holinshed.
IRREMOVABILITY,The quality or state of being irremovable; immovableness.
IRREMOVABLE,Not removable; immovable; inflexible. Shak.-- Ir`re*mov"a*bly, adv.
IRREMOVAL,Absence of removal.
IRREMUNERABLE,Not remunerable; not capable of remuneration.
IRRENOWNED,Not renowned. [Obs.]
IRREPARABILITY,The quality or state of being irreparable; irreparableness.Sterne.
IRREPARABLE,Not reparable; not capable of being repaired, recovered,regained, or
remedied; irretrievable; irremediable; as, anirreparable breach; an irreparable
loss. Shak.
IRREPARABLENESS,Quality of being irreparable.
IRREPARABLY,In an irreparable manner.
IRREPEALABILITY,The quality or state of being irrepealable.
IRREPEALABLE,Not repealable; not capable of being repealed or revoked, as alaw.--
Ir`re*peal"a*ble*ness, n.-- Ir`re*peal"a*bly, adv.
IRREPENTANCE,Want of repentance; impenitence. Bp. Montagu.
IRREPREHENSIBLE,Not reprehensible; blameless; innocent.--
Ir*rep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n.-- Ir*rep`re*hen"si*bly, adv.
IRREPRESENTABLE,Not capable of being represented or portrayed.
IRREPRESSIBLE,Not capable of being repressed, restrained, or controlled;
as,irrepressible joy; an irrepressible conflict. W. H. Steward.
IRREPRESSIBLY,In a manner or to a degree that can not be repressed.
IRREPROACHABLE,Not reproachable; above reproach; not deserving
reproach;blameless.He [Berkely] erred, -- and who is free from error -- but
hisintentions were irreproachable. Beattie.
IRREPROACHABLENESS,The quality or state of being irreproachable;
integrity;innocence.
IRREPROACHABLY,In an irreproachable manner; blamelessly.
IRREPROVABLE,Incapable of being justly reproved; irreproachable;
blameless;upright.-- Ir`re*prov"a*ble*ness, n.-- Ir`re*prov"a*bly, adv.
IRREPTITIOUS,Surreptitious; spurious. [Obs.] Dr. Castell (1673).
IRREPUTABLE,Disreputable. [Obs.]
IRRESILIENT,Not resilient; not recoiling or rebounding; inelastic.
IRRESISTANCE,Nonresistance; passive submission.
IRRESISTIBILITY,The quality or state of being irrestible, irresistibleness.
IRRESISTIBLE,That can not be successfully resisted or opposed; superior
toopposition; resistless; overpowering; as, an irresistible attraction.An
irresistible law of our nature impels us to seek happiness. J. M.Mason.
IRRESISTIBLENESS,Quality of being irrestible.
IRRESISTIBLY,In an irrestible manner.
IRRESISTLESS,Irresistible. [Obs.] Glanvill.
IRRESOLUBLENESS,The state or quality of being irresoluble; insolubility.
IRRESOLUTE,Not resolute; not decided or determined; wavering; given todoubt or
irresolution.Weak and irresolute is man. Cowper.
IRRESOLUTION,Want of resolution; want of decision in purpose; a fluctuationof mind,
as in doubt, or between hope and fear; irresoluteness;indecision;
vacillation.Irresolution on the schemes of life which offer themselves to
ourchoice, and inconstancy in pursuing them, are the greatest causes ofall
unhappiness. Addison.
IRRESOLVABILITY,The quality of being irresolvable; irresolvableness.
IRRESOLVABLE,Incapable of being resolved; not separable into componentparts.
Irresolvable nebulæ (Astron.), nebulæ of a cloudlikeappearance, which have not yet
been resolved by the telescope intostars. Sir W. Herschel.
IRRESOLVABLENESS,The quality or state of being irresolvable; irresolvability.
IRRESOLVEDLY,Without settled determination; in a hesitating manner;doubtfully. [R.]
IRRESPECTIVELY,Without regard to conditions; not making circumstances
intoconsideration.Prosperity, considered absolutely and irrespectively, is better
andmore desirable than adversity. South.
IRRESPIRABLE,Unfit for respiration; not having the qualities necessary tosupport
animal life; as, irrespirable air.
IRRESPONSIBILITY,Want of, or freedom from, responsibility or accountability.
IRRESPONSIBLY,So as not to be responsible.
IRRESPONSIVE,Not responsive; not able, ready, or inclined to respond.
IRRESUSCITABLE,Incapable of being resuscitated or revived.-- Ir`re*sus"ci*ta*bly,
adv.
IRRETENTION,Want of retaining power; forgetfulness. De Quincey.
IRRETENTIVE,Not retentive; as, an irretentive memory.
IRRETRACEABLE,Incapable of being retraced; not retraceable.
IRRETRIEVABLE,Not retrievable; irrecoverable; irreparable; as, anirretrievable
loss.
IRRETRIEVABLENESS,The state or quality of being irretrievable.
IRRETRIEVABLY,In an irretrievable manner.
IRRETURNABLE,Not to be returned.
IRREVEALABLE,Incapable of being revealed.-- Ir`re*veal"a*bly, adv.
IRREVERENCE,The state or quality of being irreverent; want of properreverence;
disregard of the authority and character of a superior.
IRREVEREND,Irreverent. [Obs.]Immodest speech, or irreverend gesture. Strype.
IRREVERENT,Not reverent; showing a want of reverence; expressive of a wantof
veneration; as, an irreverent babbler; an irreverent jest.
IRREVERENTLY,In an irreverent manner.
IRREVERSIBILITY,The state or quality of being irreversible; irreversibleness.
IRREVERSIBLE STEERING GEAR,A steering gear, esp. for an automobile, not affected by
theroad wheels, as when they strike an obstacle side ways, but easilycontrolled by
the hand wheel or steering lever.
IRREVERSIBLENESS,The state or quality of being irreversible.
IRREVERSIBLY,In an irreversible manner.
IRREVOCABILITY,The state or quality of being irrevocable; irrevocableness.
IRREVOCABLE,Incapable of being recalled or revoked; unchangeable;irreversible;
unalterable; as, an irrevocable promise or decree;irrevocable fate.Firm and
irrevocable is my doom. Shak.-- Ir*rev"o*ca*ble*ness, n.-- Ir*rev"o*ca*bly, adv.
IRREVOKABLE,Irrevocable. [R.]
IRREVOLUBLE,That has no finite period of revolution; not revolving. [R.]The
dateless and irrevocable circle of eternity. Milton.
IRRHETORICAL,Not rethorical.
IRRIGATE,To water, as land, by causing a stream to flow upon, over, orthrough it,
as in artificial channels.
IRRIGATION,The act or process of irrigating, or the state of beingirrigated;
especially, the operation of causing water to flow overlands, for nourishing
plants.
IRRISIBLE,Not risible. [R.]
IRRISION,The act of laughing at another; derision.This being spoken scepticè, or by
way of irrision. Chapman.
IRRITABILITY,A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all livingorganisms,
tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli,response being manifested
in a variety of ways, -- as that quality inplants by which they exhibit motion
under suitable stimulation; esp.,the property which living muscle processes, of
responding either to adirect stimulus of its substance, or to the stimulating
influence ofits nerve fibers, the response being indicated by a change of form,or
contraction; contractility.
IRRITABLE,Endowed with irritability; susceptible of irritation; capableof being
excited to action by the application of certain stimuli.
IRRITABLENESS,Irritability.
IRRITABLY,In an irritable manner.
IRRITANCY,The state or quality of being null and void; invalidity;forfeiture.
Burrill.
IRRITANT,Rendering null and void; conditionally invalidating.The states elected
Harry, Duke of Anjou, for their king, with thisclause irritant; that, if he did
violate any part of his oath, thepeople should owe him no allegiance. Hayward.
IRRITATE,To render null and void. [R.] Abp. Bramhall.
IRRITATION,The act of exciting, or the condition of being excited toaction, by
stimulation; -- as, the condition of an organ of sense,when its nerve is affected
by some external body; esp., the act ofexciting muscle fibers to contraction, by
artificial stimulation; as,the irritation of a motor nerve by electricity; also,
the conditionof a muscle and nerve, under such stimulation.
IRRITATORY,Exciting; producing irritation; irritating. [R.] Hales.
IRRORATE,To sprinkle or moisten with dew; to bedew. [Obs.]
IRRORATION,The act of bedewing; the state of being moistened with de[Obs.]
Chambers.
IRROTATIONAL,Not rotatory; passing from one point to another by a movementother
than rotation; -- said of the movement of parts of a liquid oryielding mass. Sir W.
Thomson.
IRRUBRICAL,Contrary to the rubric; not rubrical.
IRRUGATE,To wrinkle. [Obs.]
IRRUPTED,Broken with violence.
IRRUPTIVE,Rushing in or upon.
IRVINGITE,The common designation of one a sect founded by the Rev. EdwardIrving
(about 1830), who call themselves the Catholic ApostolicChurch. They are highly
ritualistic in worship, have an elaboratehierarchy of apostles, prophets, etc., and
look for the speedy comingof Christ.
IS,The third person singular of the substantive verb be, in theindicative mood,
present tense; as, he is; he is a man. See Be.
IS-,. See Iso-.
ISABELLA GRAPE,A favorite sweet American grape of a purple color. See Foxgrape,
under Fox.
ISABELLA MOTH,A common American moth (Pyrrharctia isabella), of an isabellacolor.
The larva, called woolly bear and hedgehog caterpillar, isdensely covered with
hairs, which are black at each end of the body,and red in the middle part.
ISABELLINE,Of an isabel or isabella color.
ISAGOGE,An introduction. [Obs.] Harris.
ISAGOGICS,That part of theological science directly preliminary to actualexegesis,
or interpretation of the Scriptures.
ISAGON,A figure or polygon whose angles are equal.
ISAPOSTOLIC,Having equal, or almost equal, authority with the apostles oftheir
teachings.
ISATIDE,A white crystalline substance obtained by the partial reductionof isatin.
[Written also isatyde.]
ISATIN,An orange-red crystalline substance, C8H5NO2, obtained by theoxidation of
indigo blue. It is also produced from certainderivatives of benzoic acid, and is
one important source ofartificial indigo. [Written also, less properly, isatine.]
ISATIS,A genus of herbs, some species of which, especially the Isatistinctoria,
yield a blue dye similar to indigo; woad.
ISATOGEN,A complex nitrogenous radical, C8H4NO2, regarded as theessential residue
of a series of compounds, related to isatin, whicheasily pass by reduction to
indigo blue.-- I*sat`o*gen"ic, a.
ISATROPIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from atropine,and
isomeric with cinnamic acid.
ISCHIAC,See Ischial.
ISCHIADIC,Ischial. [R.] Ischiadic passion or disease (Med.), a rheumaticor
neuralgic affection of some part about the hip joint; -- calledalso sciatica.
ISCHIAL,Of or pertaining to the ischium or hip; ischiac; ischiadic;ischiatic.
Ischial callosity (Zoöl.), one of the patches of thickenedhairless, and often
bright-colored skin, on the buttocks of manyapes, as the drill.
ISCHIATIC,Same as Ishial.
ISCHIOCAPSULAR,Of or pertaining to the ischium and the capsule of the hipjoint; as,
the ischiocapsular ligament.
ISCHIOCERITE,The third joint or the antennæ of the Crustacea.
ISCHIOPODITE,The third joint of the typical appendages of Crustacea.
ISCHIORECTAL,Of or pertaining to the region between the rectum and
ishialtuberosity.
ISCHURETIC,Having the quality of relieving ischury.-- n.
ISCHURY,A retention or suppression of urine.
ISENTROPIC,Having equal entropy. Isentropic lines, lines which passthrough points
having equal entropy.
ISETHIONIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid,HO.C2H4.SO3H,
obtained as an oily or crystalline substance, by theaction of sulphur trioxide on
alcohol or ether. It is derivative ofsulphuric acid.
ISHMAELITISH,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an Ishmaelite or theIshmaelites.
ISIAC,Pertaining to the goddess Isis; as, Isiac mysteries.
ISICLE,A icicle. [Obs.]
ISIDORIAN,Pertaining, or ascribed, to Isidore; as, the Isidoriandecretals, a
spurious collection of decretals published in the ninthcentury.
ISINGLASS,A popular name for mica, especially when in thin sheets.
ISIS,The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians. She wasregarded as the
mother of Horus, and the sister and wife of Osiris.The Egyptians adored her as the
goddess of fecundity, and as thegreat benefactress of their country, who instructed
their ancestorsin the art of agriculture.
ISLAMISM,The faith, doctrines, or religious system of the
Mohammedans;Mohammedanism; Islam.
ISLAMITE,A Mohammedan.
ISLAMITIC,Of or pertaining to Islam; Mohammedan.
ISLAMIZE,To conform, or cause to conform, to the religion of Islam.
ISLAND,See Isle, n., 2. Islands of the blessed (Myth.), islandssupposed to lie in
the Western Ocean, where the favorites of the godsare conveyed at death, and dwell
in everlasting joy.
ISLANDER,An inhabitant of an island.
ISLANDY,Of or pertaining to islands; full of islands. Cotgrave.
ISLE,See Aisle.
ISLET,A little island.
ISM,A doctrine or theory; especially, a wild or visionary theory.E. Everett.The
world grew light-headed, and forth came a spawn of isms which noman can number. S.
G. Goodrich.
ISOBAR,A line connecting or marking places upon the surface of theearth where
height of the barometer reduced to sea level is the sameeither at a given time, or
for a certain period (mean height), as fora year; an isopiestic line. [Written also
isobare.]
ISOBARIC,Denoting equal pressure; as, an isobaric line; specifically, ofor
pertaining to isobars.
ISOBARISM,The quality or state of being equal in weight, especially inatmospheric
pressure. Also, the theory, method, or application ofisobaric science.
ISOBAROMETRIC,Indicating equal barometric pressure.
ISOBATHYTHERM,A line connecting the points on the surface of the earth wherea
certain temperature is found at the same depth.
ISOBATHYTHERMIC,Of or pertaining to an isobathytherm; possessing or indicatingthe
same temperature at the same depth.
ISOBRONT,An imaginary line, or a line on a chart, marking thesimultaneous
development of a thunderstorm, as noted by observing thetime when the thunder is
heard at different places.
ISOCEPHALISM,A peculiarity in the design of bas-relief by which the heads ofhuman
figures are kept at the same height from the ground, whetherthe personages are
seated, standing, or mounted on horseback; --called also isokephaleia.
ISOCHASM,A line connecting places on the earth's surface at which thereis the same
mean frequency of auroras.
ISOCHASMIC,Indicating equal auroral display; as, an isochasmic line.
ISOCHEIM,A line connecting places on the earth having the same meanwinter
temperature. Cf. Isothere.
ISOCHEIMIC,The same as Isocheimal.
ISOCHIMENE,The same as Isocheim.
ISOCHOR,A line upon a thermodynamic diagram so drawn as to representthe pressures
corresponding to changes of temperature when the volumeof the gas operated on is
constant. -- I`so*chor"ic (#), a.
ISOCHROMATIC,Having the same color; connecting parts having the same color,as lines
drawn through certain points in experiments on the chromaticeffects of polarized
light in crystals.
ISOCHRONAL,Uniform in time; of equal time; performed in equal times;recurring at
regular intervals; isochronal vibrations oroscillations.
ISOCHRONIC,Isochronal.
ISOCHRONISM,The state or quality of being isochronous.
ISOCHRONIZE,To make, or tend to make (the motion of a moving body), uniformin rate
of rotation, or in frequency of vibration.
ISOCHRONON,A clock that is designed to keep very accurate time.
ISOCHRONOUS,Same as Isochronal.
ISOCHROOUS,Having the same tint or color throughout; uniformly or evenlycolored.
ISOCRYMAL,Pertaining to, having the nature of, or illustrating, anisocryme; as, an
isocrymal line; an isocrymal chart.
ISOCRYME,A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the samemean
temperature in the coldest month of the year.
ISOCRYMIC,Isocrymal.
ISOCYANIC,Designating an acid isomeric with cyanic acid. Isocyanic acid,an acid
metameric with cyanic acid, and resembling it in its salts.It is obtained as a
colorless, mobile, unstable liquid by the heatingcyanuric acid. Called technically
carbimide.
ISOCYANURIC,Designating, or pertaining to, an acid isomeric with cyanuricacid, and
called also fulminuric acid. See under Fulminuric.
ISODIABATIC,Pertaining to the reception or the giving out of equalquantities of
heat by a substance. Rankine. Isodiabatic lines orcurves, a pair of lines or curves
exhibiting, on a diagram of energy,the law of variation of the pressure and density
of a fluid, the oneduring the lowering, and the other during the raising, of
itstemperature, when the quantity of heat given out by the fluid duringany given
stage of the one process is equal to the quantity receivedduring the corresponding
stage of the other. Such lines are said tobe isodiabatic with respect to each
other. Compare Adiabatic.
ISODIAMETRIC,Developed alike in the directions of the several lateral axes;-- said
of crystals of both the tetragonal and hexagonal systems.
ISODIMORPHIC,Isodimorphous.
ISODIMORPHISM,Isomorphism between the two forms severally of two
dimorphoussubstances.
ISODIMORPHOUS,Having the quality of isodimorphism.
ISODROME,A method of moving a fleet from one formation to another, thedirection
usually being changed eight points (90º), by means of pathsof equal length for each
ship. It is prohibited in the United Statesnavy.
ISODULCITE,A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by thedecomposition
of certain glucosides, and intermediate in naturebetween the hexacid alcohols
(ductile, mannite, etc.) and theglucoses.
ISODYNAMIC,Of, pertaining to, having, or denoting, equality of force.Isodynamic
foods (Physiol.), those foods that produce a similaramount of heat.-- Isodynamic
lines (Magnetism), lines on the earth's surfaceconnecting places at which the
magnetic intensity is the same.
ISODYNAMOUS,Of equal force or size.
ISOGEOTHERM,A line or curved surface passing beneath the earth's surfacethrough
points having the same mean temperature.
ISOGONIC,Pertaining to, or noting, equal angles. Isogonic lines(Magnetism), lines
traced on the surface of the globe, or upon achart, connecting places at which the
deviation of the magneticneedle from the meridian or true north is the same.
ISOGONISM,The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores anddissimilar
hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.
ISOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to isography.
ISOGRAPHY,Imitation of another's handwriting,
ISOHYETOSE,Of or pertaining to lines connecting places on the earth'ssurface which
have a mean annual rainfall.-- n.
ISOLABLE,Capable of being isolated, or of being obtained in a purestate; as, gold
is isolable.
ISOLATE,To insulate. See Insulate.
ISOLATED,Placed or standing alone; detached; separated from others.Isolated point
of a curve. (Geom.) See Acnode.
ISOLATEDLY,In an isolated manner.
ISOLATION,The act of isolating, or the state of being isolated;insulation;
separation; loneliness. Milman.
ISOLATOR,One who, or that which, isolates.
ISOLOGOUS,Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similardifferences of
composition; -- said specifically of groups or serieswhich differ by a constant
difference; as, ethane, ethylene, anacetylene, or their analogous compounds, form
an isologous series.
ISOMER,A body or compound which is isomeric with another body orcompound; a member
of an isomeric series.
ISOMERIC,Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or moredifferent
substances which contain the same ingredients in the sameproportions by weight,
often used with with. Specif.: (a) Polymeric;i. e., having the same elements united
in the same proportion byweight, but with different molecular weights; as,
acetylene andbenzine are isomeric (polymeric) with each other in this sense.
SeePolymeric. (b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united inthe same
proportions by weight, and with the same molecular weight,but which a different
structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts;as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether
are isomeric (metameric) with eachother in this sense. See Metameric.
ISOMERIDE,An isomer. [R.]
ISOMERISM,The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomericsubstances.
Physical isomerism (Chem.), the condition or relation ofcertain (metameric)
substances, which, while chemically identical (inthat they have the same
composition, the same molecular weights, andthe same ultimate constitution), are
yet physically different, as intheir action on polarized light, as dextro- and
lævo-tartaric acids.In such compounds there is usually at least one unsymmetrical
carbonatom. See Unsymmetrical.
ISOMEROMORPHISM,Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.
ISOMORPH,A substance which is similar to another in crystalline form
andcomposition.
ISOMORPHIC,Isomorphous.
ISOMORPHISM,A similarity of crystalline form between substances of
similarcomposition, as between the sulphates of barium (BaSO4) and
strontium(SrSO4). It is sometimes extended to include similarity of formbetween
substances of unlike composition, which is more properlycalled homoeomorphism.
ISOMORPHOUS,Having the quality of isomorphism.
ISONANDRA,A genus of sapotaceous trees of India. Isonandra Gutta is theprincipal
source of gutta-percha.
ISONEPHELIC,Having, or indicating, an equal amount of cloudiness for agiven period;
as, isonephelic regions; an isonephelic line.
ISONICOTINE,A crystalline, nitrogenous base, C10H14N2, isomeric withnicotine.
ISONITROSO-,A combining from (also used adjectively), signifying:Pertaining to, or
designating, the characteristic, nitrogenousradical, NOH, called the isonitroso
group.
ISONOMIC,The same, or equal, in law or right; one in kind or origin;analogous;
similar. Dana.
ISONOMY,Equal law or right; equal distribution of rights andprivileges; similarity.
ISOPEPSIN,Pepsin modified by exposure to a temperature of from 40º to 60C.
ISOPERIMETRICAL,Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as,
isoperimetricalfigures or bodies.
ISOPERIMETRY,The science of figures having equal perimeters or boundaries.
ISOPIESTIC,Having equal pressure. Isopiestic lines, lines showing, in adiagram, the
relations of temperature and volume, when the elasticforce is constant; -- called
also isobars.
ISOPLEURA,A subclass of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical, theright and
left sides being equal.
ISOPOD,Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the Isopoda.-- n.
ISOPODA,An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairsof legs,
which are all similar in structure.
ISOPODIFORM,Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larvæ of certaininsects.
ISOPODOUS,Same as Isopod.
ISOPOGONOUS,Having the two webs equal in breath; -- said of feathers.
ISOPRENE,An oily, volatile hydrocarbon, obtained by the distillation ofcaoutchouc
or guttaipercha.C5H8 -- unsaturated, and used to makesynthetic rubber by
polymerization. In organic chemistry, viewedconceptually as the building block of
the terpene series ofhydrocarbons
ISOPYCNIC,Having equal density, as different regions of a medium; passingthrough
points at which the density is equal; as, an isopycnic lineor surface.
ISORCIN,A crystalline hydrocarbon derivative, metameric with orcin, butproduced
artificially; -- called also cresorcin.
ISORROPIC,Of equal value. Isorropic line (in a diagram) (Geom.), thelocus of all
the points for which a specified function has a constantvalue. Newcomb.
ISOSCELES,Having two legs or sides that are equal; -- said of a triangle.
ISOSPONDYLI,An extensive order of fishes, including the salmons, herrings,and many
allied forms.
ISOSPONDYLOUS,Of or pertaining to the Isospondyli; having the anteriorvertebræ
separate and normal.
ISOSPORIC,Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns and Equiseta.
Cf.Heterosporic.
ISOSPOROUS,Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns.
ISOSTASY,The state or quality of being isostatic. Specif. (Geol.),
ISOSTATIC,Subjected to equal pressure from every side; being inhydrostatic
equilibrium, as a body submerged in a liquid at rest;pertaining to, or
characterized by, isostasy.
ISOSTEMONOUS,Having exactly as many stamens as petals.
ISOSTEMONY,The quality or state of being isostemonous.
ISOSULPHOCYANATE,A salt of isosulphocyanic acid.
ISOSULPHOCYANIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, HNCS, isomeric
withsulphocyanic acid.
ISOTHERAL,Having the nature of an isothere; indicating the distributionof
temperature by means of an isothere; as, an isotheral chart orline.
ISOTHERE,A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the samemean summer
temperature.
ISOTHERM,A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surfacehaving the same
temperature. This may be the temperature for a giventime of observation, or the
mean temperature for a year or otherperiod. Also, a similar line based on the
distribution of temperaturein the ocean.
ISOTHERMOBATH,A line drawn through points of equal temperature in a verticalsection
of the ocean.
ISOTHERMOBATHIC,Of or pertaining to an isothermobath; possessing or indicatingequal
temperatures in a vertical section, as of the ocean.
ISOTHEROMBROSE,A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface,which
have the same mean summer rainfall.
ISOTONIC,Having or indicating, equal tones, or tension. Isotonic system(Mus.), a
system consisting of intervals, in which each concord isalike tempered, and in
which there are twelve equal semitones.
ISOTRIMORPHIC,Isotrimorphous.
ISOTRIMORPHISM,Isomorphism between the three forms, severally, of twotrimorphous
substances.
ISOTRIMORPHOUS,Having the quality of isotrimorphism; isotrimorphic.
ISOTROPIC,Having the same properties in all directions; specifically,equally
elastic in all directions.
ISOTROPISM,Isotropy.
ISOTROPOUS,Isotropic.
ISOTROPY,Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body;absence of
all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity inall directions.
ISOURIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid,isomeric with
uric acid.
ISRAELITE,A descendant of Israel, or Jacob; a Hebrew; a Jew.
ISSUABLY,In an issuable manner; by way of issue; as, to plead issuably.
ISSUANCE,The act of issuing, or giving out; as, the issuance of anorder; the
issuance of rations, and the like.
ISSUANT,Issuing or coming up; -- a term used to express a charge orbearing rising
or coming out of another.
ISSUE,An artificial ulcer, usually made in the fleshy part of the armor leg, to
produce the secretion and discharge of pus for the reliefof some affected part.
ISSUELESS,Having no issue or progeny; childless. "The heavens . . . haveleft me
issueless." Shak.
ISSUER,One who issues, emits, or publishes.
ISTHMIAN,Of or pertaining to an isthmus, especially to the Isthmus ofCorinth, in
Greece. Isthmian games (Gr. Antiq.), one of the fourgreat national festivals of
Greece, celebrated on the Isthmus ofCorinth in the spring of every alternate year.
They consisted of allkinds of athletic sports, wrestling, boxing, racing on foot
and inchariots, and also contests in music and poetry. The prize was agarland of
pine leaves.
ISTHMUS,A neck or narrow slip of land by which two continents areconnected, or by
which a peninsula is united to the mainland; as, theIsthmus of Panama; the Isthmus
of Suez, etc. Isthmus of the fauces.(Anat.) See Fauces.
ISTLE,Same as Ixtle.
ISURET,An artificial nitrogenous base, isomeric with urea, and forminga white
crystalline substance; -- called also isuretine.
IT,The neuter pronoun of the third person, corresponding to themasculine pronoun he
and the feminine she, and having the same plural(they, their of theirs, them).
ITA PALM,A magnificent species of palm (Mauritia flexuosa), growing nearthe
Orinoco. The natives eat its fruit and buds, drink its sap, andmake thread and cord
from its fiber.
ITACISM,Pronunciation of e in the English word be. This was thepronunciation
advocated by ReuEtacism.In all such questions between a the confusing element of
itacismcomes in. Alford.
ITACIST,One who is in favor of itacism.
ITACOLUMITE,A laminated, granular, siliceous rocks, often occurring inregions where
the diamond is found.
ITACONIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, C5H6O4, which isobtained as a
white crystalline substance by decomposing aconitic andother organic acids.
ITALA,An early Latin version of the Scriptures (the Old Testament wastranslated
from the Septuagint, and was also called the Italicversion).
ITALIAN,Of or pertaining to Italy, or to its people or language.Italian cloth a
light material of cotton and worsted; -- called alsofarmer's satin.-- Italian iron,
a heater for fluting frills.-- Italian juice, Calabrian liquorice.
ITALIANATE,To render Italian, or conformable to Italian customs; toItalianize. [R.]
Ascham.
ITALIC,An Italic letter, character, or type (see Italic, a., 2.); --often in the
plural; as, the Italics are the author's. Italic lettersare used to distinguish
words for emphasis, importance, antithesis,etc. Also, collectively, Italic letters.
ITALICIZE,To print in Italic characters; to underline written letters orwords with
a single line; as, to Italicize a word; Italicizes toomuch.
ITCH,An eruption of small, isolated, acuminated vesicles, producedby the entrance
of a parasitic mite (the Sarcoptes scabei), andattended with itching. It is
transmissible by contact.
ITCHINESS,The state of being itchy.
ITCHLESS,Free from itching.
ITCHY,Infected with the itch, or with an itching sensation. Cowper.
ITEM,Also; as an additional article.
ITEMIZE,To state in items, or by particulars; as, to itemize the costof a railroad.
[Local, U. S.]
ITER,A passage; esp., the passage between the third and fourthventricles in the
brain; the aqueduct of Sylvius.
ITERABLE,Capable of being iterated or repeated. [Obs.]
ITERANCE,Iteration. [Obs.]
ITERANT,Repeating; iterating; as, an iterant echo. Bacon.
ITERATE,Uttered or done again; repeated. [Obs.] Bp. Gardiner.
ITERATION,Recital or performance a second time; repetition. Bacon.What needs this
iteration, woman Shak.
ITERATIVE,Repeating. Cotgrave.-- It"er*a*tive*ly, adv.
ITHYPHALLIC,Lustful; lewd; salacious; indecent; obscene.
ITINERACY,The act or practice of itinerating; itinerancy.
ITINERANT,Passing or traveling about a country; going or preaching on acircuit;
wandering; not settled; as, an itinerant preacher; anitinerant peddler.The king's
own courts were then itinerant, being kept in the king'spalace, and removing with
his household in those royal progresseswhich he continually made. Blackstone.
ITINERANTLY,In an itinerant manner.
ITINERARY,Itinerant; traveling; passing from place to place; done on ajourney.It
was rather an itinerary circuit of justice than a progress. Bacon.
ITINERATE,To wander without a settled habitation; to travel from place oron a
circuit, particularly for the purpose of preaching, lecturing,etc.
ITS,Possessive form of the pronoun it. See It.
ITSELF,The neuter reciprocal pronoun of It; as, the thing is good initself; it
stands by itself.Borrowing of foreigners, in itself, makes not the kingdom rich
orpoor. Locke.
ITTRIA,See Yttria.
ITTRIUM,See Yttrium.
ITZIBU,A silver coin of Japan, worth about thirty-four cents. [Writtenalso itzebu,
ichebu, itcheboo, etc.]
IULIDAN,One of the Iulidæ, a family of myriapods, of which the genusIulus is the
type. See Iulus.
IULUS,A genus of chilognathous myriapods. The body is long and round,consisting of
numerous smooth, equal segments, each of which bearstwo pairs of short legs. It
includes the galleyworms. SeeChilognatha.
IVAN IVANOVITCH,. An ideal personification of the typical Russian or of theRussian
people; -- used as "John Bull" is used for the typicalEnglishman.
IVIED,Overgrown with ivy.
IVORIDE,A composition resembling ivory in appearance and used as asubstitute for
it.
IVORY,Teeth; as, to show one's ivories. [Slang] Ivory black. Seeunder Black, n.--
Ivory gull (Zoöl.), a white Arctic gull (Larus eburneus).-- Ivory nut (Bot.), the
nut of a species of palm, the Phytephasmacroarpa, often as large as a hen's egg.
When young the seedcontains a fluid, which gradually hardness into a whitish,
close-grained, albuminous substance, resembling the finest ivory in textureand
color, whence it is called vegetable ivory. It is wrought intovarious articles, as
buttons, chessmen, etc. The palm is found in NewGrenada. A smaller kind is the
fruit of the Phytephas microarpa. Thenuts are known in commerce as Corosso nuts.--
Ivory palm (Bot.), the palm tree which produces ivory nuts.-- Ivory shell (Zoöl.),
any species of Eburna, a genus of marinegastropod shells, having a smooth surface,
usually white with red orbrown spots.-- Vegetable ivory, the meat of the ivory nut.
See Ivory nut(above).
IVORY-BILL,A large, handsome, North American woodpecker (Campephilusprincipalis),
having a large, sharp, ivory-colored beak. Its generalcolor is glossy black, with
white secondaries, and a white dorsalstripe. The male has a large, scarlet crest.
It is now rare, andfound only in the Gulf States.
IVORYTYPE,A picture produced by superposing a very light print, renderedtranslucent
by varnish, and tinted upon the back, upon a strongerprint, so as to give the
effect of a photograph in natural colors; --called also hellenotype. Knight.
IVY,A plant of the genus Hedera (H. helix), common in Europe. Itsleaves are
evergreen, dark, smooth, shining, and mostly five-pointed;the flowers yellowish and
small; the berries black or yellow. Thestem clings to walls and trees by rootlike
fibers.Direct The clasping ivy where to climb. Milton.Ye myrtles brown, with ivy
never sere. Milton.American ivy. (Bot.) See Virginia creeper.-- English ivy (Bot.),
a popular name in America for the ivy proper(Hedera helix).-- German ivy (Bot.), a
creeping plant, with smooth, succulentstems, and fleshy, light-green leaves; a
species of Senecio (S.scandens).-- Ground ivy. (Bot.) Gill (Nepeta Glechoma).-- Ivy
bush. (Bot.) See Mountain laurel, under Mountain.-- Ivy owl (Zoöl.), the barn
owl.-- Ivy tod (Bot.), the ivy plant. Tennyson.-- Japanese ivy (Bot.), a climbing
plant (Ampelopsis tricuspidata),closely related to the Virginia creeper.-- Poison
ivy (Bot.), an American woody creeper (RhusToxicodendron), with trifoliate leaves,
and greenish-white berries.It is exceedingly poisonous to the touch for most
persons.-- To pipe in an ivy leaf, to console one's self as best one can.[Obs.]
Chaucer.-- West Indian ivy, a climbing plant of the genus Marcgravia.
IVY-MANTLED,Covered with ivy.
IWIS,Indeed; truly. See Ywis. [Written also iwys, iwisse, etc.][Obs.] Ascham.
IXIA,A South African bulbous plant of the Iris family, remarkablefor the brilliancy
of its flowers.
IXODES,A genus of parasitic Acarina, which includes various species ofticks. See
Tick, the insect.
IXODIAN,A tick of the genus Ixodes, or the family Ixodidæ.
IZARD,A variety of the chamois found in the Pyrenees.
IZEDI,One of an Oriental religious sect which worships Satan or theDevil.The Izedis
or Yezdis, the so-called Devil worshipers, still remain anumerous though oppressed
people in Mesopotamia and adjacentcountries. Tylor.
IZEDISM,The religion of the Izedis.
IZZARD,See Izard.
J,. J is the tenth letter of the English alphabet. It is a latervariant form of the
Roman letter I, used to express a consonantalsound, that is, originally, the sound
of English y in yet. The formsJ and I have, until a recent time, been classed
together, and theyhave been used interchangeably.
JAAL GOAT,A species of wild goat (Capra Nubiana) found in the mountainsof
Abyssinia, Upper Egypt, and Arabia; -- called also beden, andjaela.
JAB,To thrust; to stab; to punch. See Job, v. t. [Scot. & Colloq.U. S.]
JABBER,To talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly; to uttergibberish or
nonsense; to chatter. Swift.
JABBERER,One who jabbers.
JABBERINGLY,In a jabbering manner.
JABBERMENT,Jabber. [R.] Milton.
JABBERNOWL,Same as Jobbernowl.
JABIRU,One of several large wading birds of the genera Mycteria andXenorhynchus,
allied to the storks in form and habits.
JABORANDI,The native name of a South American rutaceous shrub
(Pilocarpuspennatifolius). The leaves are used in medicine as an diaphoretic
andsialogogue.
JABORINE,An alkaloid found in jaborandi leaves, from which it isextracted as a
white amorphous substance. In its action it resemblesatropine.
JACAL,In Mexico and the southwestern United States, a kind ofplastered house or
hut, usually made by planting poles or timber inthe ground, filling in between them
with screen work or wickerwork,and daubing one or both sides with mud or adobe
mortar; also, thismethod of construction.
JACAMAR,Any one of numerous species of tropical American birds of thegenus Galbula
and allied genera. They are allied to the kingfishers,but climb on tree trunks like
nuthatches, and feed upon insects.Their colors are often brilliant.
JACANA,Any of several wading birds belonging to the genus Jacana andseveral allied
genera, all of which have spurs on the wings. They areable to run about over
floating water weeds by means of their verylong, spreading toes. Called also
surgeon bird.
JACARE,A cayman. See Yacare.
JACCHUS,The common marmoset (Hapale vulgaris). Formerly, the name wasalso applied
to other species of the same genus.
JACCONET,See Jaconet.
JACENT,Lying at length; as, the jacent posture. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.
JACINTH,See Hyacinth. Tennyson.
JACK KETCH,A public executioner, or hangman. [Eng.]The manor of Tyburn was formerly
held by Richard Jaquett, wherefelons for a long time were executed; from whence we
have Jack Ketch.Lloyd's MS., British Museum.[Monmouth] then accosted John Ketch,
the executioner, a wretch whohad butchered many brave and noble victims, and whose
name has,during a century and a half, been vulgarly given to all who havesucceeded
him in his odious office. Macaulay.
JACK,A large tree, the Artocarpus integrifolia, common in the EastIndies, closely
allied to the breadfruit, from which it differs inhaving its leaves entire. The
fruit is of great size, weighing fromthirty to forty pounds, and through its soft
fibrous matter arescattered the seeds, which are roasted and eaten. The wood is of
ayellow color, fine grain, and rather heavy, and is much used incabinetwork. It is
also used for dyeing a brilliant yellow. [Writtenalso jak.]
JACK-A-DANDY,A little dandy; a little, foppish, impertinent fellow.
JACK-A-LENT,A small stuffed puppet to be pelted in Lent; hence, a simplefellow.
JACKAL,Any one of several species of carnivorous animals inhabitingAfrica and Asia,
related to the dog and wolf. They are cowardly,nocturnal, and gregarious. They feed
largely on carrion, and arenoted for their piercing and dismal howling.
JACKANAPES,A young man living as an apprentice on a sheep station, orotherwise
engaged in acquainting himself with colonial life.[Colloq., Australia]
JACKAROO,To be a jackaroo; to pass one's time as a jackaroo. [Colloq.,Australia]
JACKDAW,See Daw, n.
JACKEEN,A drunken, dissolute fellow. [Ireland] S. C. Hall.
JACKET,In ordnance, a strengthening band surrounding and reënforcingthe tube in
which the charge is fired.
JACKETED,Wearing, or furnished with, a jacket.
JACKETING,The material of a jacket; as, nonconducting jacketing.
JACKKNIFE,A large, strong clasp knife for the pocket; a pocket knife.
JACKMAN,See Jack-with-a-lantern, under 2d Jack. JACKPOTJackpot
JACKPUDDING,A merry-andrew; a buffoon. Milton.
JACKSAW,The merganser.
JACKSCREW,A jack in which a screw is used for lifting, or exertingpressure. See
Illust. of 2d Jack, n., 5.
JACKSLAVE,A low servant; a mean fellow. Shak.
JACKSMITH,A smith who makes jacks. See 2d Jack, 4, c. Dryden.
JACKSTAY,A rail of wood or iron stretching along a yard of a vessel, towhich the
sails are fastened.
JACKWOOD,Wood of the jack (Artocarpus integrifolia), used incabinetwork.
JACOB,A Hebrew patriarch (son of Isaac, and ancestor of the Jews),who in a vision
saw a ladder reaching up to heaven (Gen. xxviii. 12);-- also called Israel.And
Jacob said . . . with my staff I passed over this Jordan, and nowI am become two
bands. Gen. xxxii. 9, 10.Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel. Gen.
xxxii. 28.Jacob's ladder. (a) (Bot.) A perennial herb of the genus Polemonium(P.
coeruleum), having corymbs of drooping flowers, usually blue.Gray. (b) (Naut.) A
rope ladder, with wooden steps, for going aloft.R. H. Dana, Jr. (c) (Naut.) A
succession of short cracks in adefective spar.-- Jacob's membrane. See Retina.--
Jacob's staff. (a) A name given to many forms of staff or weapon,especially in the
Middle Ages; a pilgrim's staff. [Obs.] Spenser. (b)(Surveying) See under Staff.
JACOBAEAN LILY,A bulbous plant (Amaryllis, or Sprekelia, formosissima) fromMexico.
It bears a single, large, deep, red, lilylike flower.[Written also Jacobean.]
JACOBIN,A Dominican friar; -- so named because, before the FrenchRevolution, that
order had a convent in the Rue St. Jacques, Paris.
JACOBINE,A Jacobin.
JACOBINISM,The principles of the Jacobins; violent and factious oppositionto
legitimate government.Under this new stimulus, Burn's previous Jacobitism passed
towardsthe opposite, but not very distant, extreme of Jacobinism. J. C.Shairp.
JACOBINIZE,To taint with, or convert to, Jacobinism.France was not then
jacobinized. Burke.
JACOBITE,A partisan or adherent of James the Second, after hisabdication, or of his
descendants, an opposer of the revolution in1688 in favor of William and Mary.
Macaulay.
JACOBITISM,The principles of the Jacobites. Mason.
JACOBUS,An English gold coin, of the value of twenty-five shillingssterling, struck
in the reign of James I.
JACONET,A thin cotton fabric, between and muslin, used for dresses,neckcloths, etc.
[Written also jacconet.]
JACQUARD,Pertaining to, or invented by, Jacquard, a French mechanician,who died in
1834. Jacquard apparatus or arrangement, a device appliedto looms for weaving
figured goods, consisting of mechanismcontrolled by a chain of variously perforated
cards, which cause thewarp threads to be lifted in the proper succession for
producing therequired figure.-- Jacquard card, one of the perforated cards of a
Jacquardapparatus.-- Jackquard loom, a loom with Jacquard apparatus.
JACQUEMINOT,A half-hardy, deep crimson rose of the remontant class; -- sonamed
after General Jacqueminot, of France.
JACQUERIE,The name given to a revolt of French peasants against thenobles in 1358,
the leader assuming the contemptuous title, JacquesBonhomme, given by the nobles to
the peasantry. Hence, any revolt ofpeasants.
JACTANCY,A boasting; a bragging. [Obs.]
JACTATION,A throwing or tossing of the body; a shaking or agitation. Sir.W. Temple.
JACTITATION,Vain boasting or assertions repeated to the prejudice ofanother's
right; false claim. Mozley & W.
JACULABLE,Fit for throwing. [Obs.]
JACULATE,To throw or cast, as a dart; to throw out; to emit.
JACULATION,The act of tossing, throwing, or hurling, as spears.Hurled to and fro
with jaculation dire. Milton.
JACULATOR,The archer fish (Toxotes jaculator).
JACULATORY,Darting or throwing out suddenly; also, suddenly thrown out;uttered in
short sentences; ejaculatory; as, jaculatory prayers.Smart.
JADDING,See Holing.
JADE,A stone, commonly of a pale to dark green color but sometimeswhitish. It is
very hard and compact, capable of fine polish, and isused for ornamental purposes
and for implements, esp. in Easterncountries and among many early peoples.
JADEITE,See Jade, the stone.
JADERY,The tricks of a jade.
JAEGER,See Jager.
JAG,A cleft or division. Jag bolt, a bolt with a nicked or barbedshank which
resists retraction, as when leaded into stone.
JAGER,A sharpshooter. See Yager.
JAGG,See Jag.
JAGGED,Having jags; having rough, sharp notches, protuberances, orteeth; cleft;
laciniate; divided; as, jagged rocks. " Jagged vineleaves' shade." Trench.--
Jag"ged*ly, adv.-- Jag"ged*ness, n.
JAGGER,One who carries about a small load; a peddler. See 2d Jag.[Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.
JAGGERY PALM,An East Indian palm (Caryota urens) having leaves pinnate withwedge-
shaped divisions, the petiole very stout. It is the principalsource of jaggery, and
is often cultivated for ornament.
JAGGERY,Raw palm sugar, made in the East Indies by evaporating thefresh juice of
several kinds of palm trees, but specifically that ofthe palmyra (Borassus
flabelliformis). [Written also jagghery.]
JAGGY,Having jags; set with teeth; notched; uneven; as, jaggy teeth.Addison.
JAGHIR,A village or district the government and revenues of which areassigned to
some person, usually in consideration of some service tobe rendered, esp. the
maintenance of troops. [Written also jaghire,jagir, etc.] [India] Whitworth.
JAGHIRDAR,The holder of a jaghir.
JAGUA PALM,A great Brazilian palm (Maximiliana regia), having immensespathes which
are used for baskets and tubs.
JAGUAR,A large and powerful feline animal (Felis onca), ranging fromTexas and
Mexico to Patagonia. It is usually brownish yellow, withlarge, dark, somewhat
angular rings, each generally inclosing one ortwo dark spots. It is chiefly
arboreal in its habits. Called also theAmerican tiger.
JAGUARONDI,A South American wild cat (Felis jaguarondi), having a long,slim body
and very short legs. Its color is grayish brown, variedwith a blackish hue. It is
arboreal in its habits and feeds mostly onbirds.
JAH,Jehovah. Ps. lxviii. 4.
JAIL,A kind of prison; a building for the confinement of personsheld in lawful
custody, especially for minor offenses or withreference to some future judicial
proceeding. [Written also gaol.]This jail I count the house of liberty. Milton.Jail
bird, a prisoner; one who has been confined in prison. [Slang] -- Jail delivery,
the release of prisoners from jail, either legallyor by violence.-- Jail delivery
commission. See under Gaol.-- Jail fever (Med.), typhus fever, or a disease
resembling it,generated in jails and other places crowded with people; --
calledalso hospital fever, and ship fever.-- Jail liberties, or Jail limits, a
space or district around a jailwithin which an imprisoned debtor was, on certain
conditions, allowedto go at large. Abbott.-- Jail lock, a peculiar form of padlock;
-- called alsoScandinavian lock.
JAILER,The keeper of a jail or prison. [Written also jailor, gaoler.]
JAINISM,The heterodox Hindoo religion, of which the most strikingfeatures are the
exaltation of saints or holy mortals, called jins,above the ordinary Hindoo gods,
and the denial of the divine originand infallibility of the Vedas. It is
intermediate between Brahmanismand Buddhism, having some things in common with
each.
JAIROU,The ahu or Asiatic gazelle.
JAK,see Ils Jack.
JAKES,A privy. Shak.
JAKIE,A South American striped frog (Pseudis paradoxa), remarkablefor having a
tadpole larger than the adult, and hence called alsoparadoxical frog.
JAKO,An African parrot (Psittacus erithacus), very commonly kept asa cage bird; --
called also gray parrot.
JAKWOOD,See Jackwood.
JALAP,The tubers of the Mexican plant Ipomoea purga (or Exogoniumpurga), a climber
much like the morning-glory. The abstract, extract,and powder, prepared from the
tubers, are well known purgativemedicines. Other species of Ipomoea yield several
inferior kinds ofjalap, as the I. Orizabensis, and I. tuberosa. False jalap, the
rootof Mirabilis Jalapa, four-o'clock, or marvel of Peru.
JALAPIC,Of or pertaining to jalap.
JALAPIN,A glucoside found in the stems of the jalap plant and scammony.It is a
strong purgative.
JALONS,Long poles, topped with wisps of straw, used as landmarks andsignals.
Farrow.
JALOUSIE,A Venetian or slatted inside window blind.
JALOUSIED,Furnished with jalousies; as, jalousied porches.
JAM,A kind of frock for children.
JAMACINA,Jamaicine.
JAMADAR,Same as Jemidar.
JAMAICA,One of the West India is islands. Jamaica ginger, a variety ofginger,
called also white ginger, prepared in Jamaica from the bestroots, which are
deprived of their epidermis and dried separately.-- Jamaica pepper, allspice.--
Jamaica rose (Bot.), a West Indian melastomaceous shrub (Blakeatrinervis), with
showy pink flowers.
JAMAICAN,Of or pertaining to Jamaica.-- n.
JAMAICINE,An alkaloid said to be contained in the bark of Geoffroyainermis, a
leguminous tree growing in Jamaica and Surinam; -- calledalso jamacina. Watts.
JAMB,The vertical side of any opening, as a door or fireplace;hence, less properly,
any narrow vertical surface of wall, as the ofa chimney-breast or of a pier, as
distinguished from its face. Gwilt.
JAMBEE,A fashionable cane. [Obs.] Tatler.
JAMBOLANA,A myrtaceous tree of the West Indies and tropical America(Calyptranthes
Jambolana), with astringent bark, used for dyeing. Itbears an edible fruit.
JAMBOOREE,A noisy or unrestrained carousal or frolic; a spree. [Slang]Kipling.
JAMDANI,A silk fabric, with a woven pattern of sprigs of flowers.[Written also
jamdanee.] Balfour (Cyc. of India).
JAMESONITE,A steel-gray mineral, of metallic luster, commonly fibrousmassive. It is
a sulphide of antimony and lead, with a little iron.
JAMESTOWN WEED,The poisonous thorn apple or stramonium (Datura stramonium), arank
weed early noticed at Jamestown, Virginia. See Datura.
JAN,One of intermediate order between angels and men.
JANE-OF-APES,A silly, pert girl; -- corresponding to jackanapes. Massinger.
JANGLE,To cause to sound harshly or inharmoniously; to producediscordant sounds
with.Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune, and harsh. Shak.
JANGLERESS,A female prater or babbler.
JANGLERY,Jangling. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JANGLING,Producing discordant sounds. "A jangling noise." Milton.
JANISSARY,See Janizary.
JANITOR,A door-keeper; a porter; one who has the care of a publicbuilding, or a
building occupied for offices, suites of rooms, etc.
JANIZAR,A janizary. [R.] Byron.
JANIZARIAN,Of or pertaining to the janizaries, or their government. Burke.
JANIZARY,A soldier of a privileged military class, which formed thenucleus of the
Turkish infantry, but was suppressed in 1826. [writtenalso janissary.]
JANKER,A long pole on two wheels, used in hauling logs. [Scot.]Jamieson.
JANSENISM,The doctrine of Jansen regarding free will and divine grace.
JANSENIST,A follower of Cornelius Jansen, a Roman Catholic bishop ofYpres, in
Flanders, in the 17th century, who taught certain doctrinesdenying free will and
the possibility of resisting divine grace.
JANT,See Jaunt.
JANTHINA,See Ianthina.
JANTILY,See Jauntily.
JANTINESS,See Jauntiness.
JANTU,A machine of great antiquity, used in Bengal for raising waterto irrigate
land. Knight.
JANTY,See Jaunty.
JANUARY,The first month of the year, containing thirty-one days.
JANUS,A Latin deity represented with two faces looking in oppositedirections. Numa
is said to have dedicated to Janus the coveredpassage at Rome, near the Forum,
which is usually called the Templeof Janus. This passage was open in war and closed
in peace. Dr. W.Smith. Janus cloth, a fabric having both sides dressed, the
sidesbeing of different colors, -- used for reversible garments.
JANUS-FACED,Double-faced; deceitful. Janus-faced lock, one having duplicatefaces so
as to go upon a right or a left hand door, the key enteringon either side
indifferently. Knight.
JANUS-HEADED,Double-headed.
JAPAN CURRENT,A branch of the equatorial current of the Pacific, washing theeastern
coast of Formosa and thence flowing northeastward past Japanand merging into the
easterly drift of the North Pacific; -- calledalso Kuro-Siwo, or Black Stream, in
allusion to the deep blue of itswater. It is similar in may ways to the Gulf
Stream.
JAPAN,Work varnished and figured in the Japanese manner; also, thevarnish or
lacquer used in japanning.
JAPANESE,Of or pertaining to Japan, or its inhabitants.
JAPANNED,Treated, or coated, with varnish in the Japanese manner.Japanned
leather,leather treated with coatings of Japan varnish, anddried in a stove.
Knight.
JAPANNING,The art or act of varnishing in the Japanese manner.
JAPANNISH,After the manner of the Japanese; resembling japanned articles.Carlyle.
JAPE,To jest; to play tricks; to jeer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JAPER,A jester; a buffoon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JAPERY,Jesting; buffoonery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JAPHETHITE,A Japhetite. Kitto.
JAPHETIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, Japheth, one of the sons ofNoah; as,
Japhetic nations, the nations of Europe and Northern Asia;Japhetic languages.
JAPHETITE,A descendant of Japheth.
JAPONICA,A species of Camellia (Camellia Japonica), a native of Japan,bearing
beautiful red or white flowers. Many other genera havespecies of the same name.
JAPONISM,A quality, idiom, or peculiarity characteristic of the Japaneseor their
products, esp. in art.
JAR,A turn. [Only in phrase.] On the jar, on the turn, ajar, as adoor.
JAR-OWL,The goatsucker.
JARARACA,A poisonous serpent of Brazil (Bothrops jararaca), abouteighteen inches
long, and of a dusky, brownish color, variegated withred and black spots.
JARBLE,To wet; to bemire. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
JARDINIERE,An ornamental stand or receptacle for plants, flowers, etc.,used as a
piece of decorative furniture in room.
JARDS,A callous tumor on the leg of a horse, below the hock.
JARGLE,To emit a harsh or discordant sound. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
JARGON,Confused, unintelligible language; gibberish; hence, anartificial idiom or
dialect; cant language; slang. "A barbarousjargon." Macaulay. "All jargon of the
schools." Prior.The jargon which serves the traffickers. Johnson.
JARGONELLE,A variety of pear which ripens early.
JARGONIC,Of or pertaining to the mineral jargon.
JARGONIST,One addicted to jargon; one who uses cant or slang. Macaulay.
JARL,A chief; an earl; in English history, one of the leaders in theDanish and
Norse invasions. Longfellow.
JARNUT,An earthnut. Dr. Prior.
JAROSITE,An ocher-yellow mineral occurring on minute rhombohedralcrystals. It is a
hydrous sulphate of iron and potash.
JARRAH,The mahoganylike wood of the Australian Eucalyptus marginata.See Eucalyptus.
JARRING,Shaking; disturbing; discordant. "A jarring sound." Dryden.
JARRINGLY,In a jarring or discordant manner.
JASEY,A wig; -- so called, perhaps, from being made of, orresembling, Jersey yarn.
Thackeray.
JASHAWK,A young hawk. Booth.
JASMINE,A shrubby plant of the genus Jasminum, bearing flowers of apeculiarly
fragrant odor. The J. officinale, common in the south ofEurope, bears white
flowers. The Arabian jasmine is J. Sambac, and,with J. angustifolia, comes from the
East Indies. The yellow falsejasmine in the Gelseminum sempervirens (see
Gelsemium). Several otherplants are called jasmine in the West Indies, as species
ofCalotropis and Faramea. [Written also jessamine.] Cape jasmine, orCape jessamine,
the Gardenia florida, a shrub with fragrant whiteflowers, a native of China, and
hardy in the Southern United States.
JASP,Jasper. [Obs.] Spenser.
JASPACHATE,Agate jasper. [Obs.]
JASPE,Having the surface decorated with cloudings and streaks,somewhat as if
imitating jasper.
JASPER,An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and otherdull colors,
breaking with a smooth surface. It admits of a highpolish, and is used for vases,
seals, snuff boxes, etc. When thecolors are in stripes or bands, it is called
striped or bandedjasper. The Egyptian pebble is a brownish yellow jasper. Jasper
opal,a yellow variety of opal resembling jasper.-- Jasper ware, a delicate kind of
earthenware invented by JosiahWedgwood. It is usually white, but is capable of
receiving color.
JASPERATED,mixed with jasper; containing particles of jasper; as,jasperated agate.
JASPERIZE,To convert into, or make to resemble, jasper.Polished specimens of
jasperized and agatized woods. Pop. Sci.Monthly.
JASPERY,Of the nature of jasper; mixed with jasper.
JASPILITE,A compact siliceous rock resembling jasper.
JASPOID,Resembling jasper. [R.]
JASPONYX,An onyx, part or all of whose layers consist of jasper.
JATROPHIC,Of or pertaining to physic nuts, the seeds of plants of thegenus
Jatropha.
JAUNCE,To ride hard; to jounce. [Obs.]Spurr'd, galled and tired by jauncing
Bolingbroke. Shak.
JAUNDICE,A morbid condition, characterized by yellowness of the eyes,skin, and
urine, whiteness of the fæces, constipation, uneasiness inthe region of the
stomach, loss of appetite, and general languor andlassitude. It is caused usually
by obstruction of the biliarypassages and consequent damming up, in the liver, of
the bile, whichis then absorbed into the blood. Blue jaundice. See Cyanopathy.
JAUNT,To jolt; to jounce. [Obs.] Bale.
JAUNTILY,In a jaunty manner.
JAUNTINESS,The quality of being jaunty.That jauntiness of air I was once master of.
Addison.
JAUNTY,Airy; showy; finical; hence, characterized by an affected orfantastical
manner.
JAVANESE,Of or pertaining to Java, or to the people of Java.-- n. sing. & pl.
JAVEL,A vagabond. [Obs.] Spenser.
JAVELIN,A sort of light spear, to be thrown or cast by thew hand;anciently, a
weapon of war used by horsemen and foot soldiers; nowused chiefly in hunting the
wild boar and other fierce game.Flies the javelin swifter to its mark, Launched by
the vigor of aRoman arm Addison.
JAVELINIER,A soldier armed with a javelin. Holland.
JAW,The inner end of a boom or gaff, hollowed in a half circle soas to move freely
on a mast.
JAW-FALL,Depression of the jaw; hence, depression of spirits. M.Griffith (1660).
JAW-FALLEN,Dejected; chopfallen.
JAWBONE,The bone of either jaw; a maxilla or a mandible.
JAWED,Having jaws; -- chiefly in composition; as, lantern-jawed."Jawed like a
jetty." Skelton.
JAWFOOT,See Maxilliped.
JAWING,Scolding; clamorous or abusive talk. [Slang] H. Kingsley.
JAWN,See Yawn. [Obs.] Marston.
JAWY,Relating to the jaws. Gayton.
JAY,Any one of the numerous species of birds belonging to Garrulus,Cyanocitta, and
allied genera. They are allied to the crows, but aresmaller, more graceful in form,
often handsomely colored, and usuallyhave a crest.
JAYET,See Jet. [Obs.]
JAYHAWKER,A name given to a free-booting, unenlisted, armed man orguerrilla.
JAZEL,A gem of an azure color. [Obs.]
JAZERANT,A coat of defense made of small plates of metal sewed uponlinen or the
like; also, this kind of armor taken generally; as, acoat of jazerant.
JEALOUSHOOD,Jealousy. [Obs.] Shak.
JEALOUSLY,In a jealous manner.
JEALOUSNESS,State or quality of being jealous.
JEALOUSY,The quality of being jealous; earnest concern or solicitude;painful
apprehension of rivalship in cases nearly affecting one'shappiness; painful
suspicion of the faithfulness of husband, wife, orlover.I was jealous for jealousy.
Zech. viii. 2.Jealousy is the . . . apprehension of superiority. Shenstone.Whoever
had qualities to alarm our jealousy, had excellence todeserve our fondness.
Rambler.
JEAMES,A footman; a flunky. [Slang, Eng.] Thackeray.
JEAN,A twilled cotton cloth. Satin jean, a kind of jean woven smoothand glossy,
after the manner of satin.
JEARS,See 1st Jeer (b).
JEAT,See Jet. [Obs.]
JEDDING AX,A stone mason's tool, having a flat face and a pointed part.Knight.
JEE,See Gee.
JEEL,A morass; a shallow lake. [Written also jhil.] [India]Whitworth.
JEER,An assemblage or combination of tackles, for hoisting orlowering the lower
yards of a ship. Jeer capstan (Naut.), an extracapstan usually placed between the
foremast and mainmast.
JEERER,A scoffer; a railer; a mocker.
JEERING,Mocking; scoffing.-- n.
JEERS,See 1st Jeer (b).
JEFFERSONIA,An American herb with a pretty, white, solitary blossom, anddeeply two-
cleft leaves (Jeffersonia diphylla); twinleaf.
JEFFERSONIAN SIMPLICITY,The absence of pomp or display which Jefferson aimed at in
hisadministration as President (1801-1809), eschewing display orceremony tending to
distinguish the President from the people, as ingoing to the capital on horseback
and with no escort, the abolitionof court etiquette and the weekly levee, refusal
to recognize titlesof honor, etc.
JEFFERSONIAN,Pertaining to, or characteristic of, Thomas Jefferson or hispolicy or
political doctrines. Lowell.
JEFFERSONITE,A variety of pyroxene of olive-green color passing into brown.It
contains zinc.
JEG,See Jig, 6.
JEHOVAH,A Scripture name of the Supreme Being, by which he was revealedto the Jews
as their covenant God or Sovereign of the theocracy; the"ineffable name" of the
Supreme Being, which was not pronounced bythe Jews.
JEHOVISTIC,Relating to, or containing, Jehovah, as a name of God; -- saidof certain
parts of the Old Testament, especially of the Pentateuch,in which Jehovah appears
as the name of the Deity. See Elohistic.
JEHU,A coachman; a driver; especially, one who drives furiously.[Colloq.]
JEJUNAL,Pertaining to the jejunum.
JEJUNITY,The quality of being jejune; jejuneness.
JEJUNUM,The middle division of the small intestine, between theduodenum and ileum;
-- so called because usually found empty afterdeath.
JELERANG,A large, handsome squirrel (Sciurus Javensis), native of Javaand Southern
Asia; -- called also Java squirrel.
JELL,To jelly. [Colloq.]
JELLIED,Brought to the state or consistence of jelly.
JELLIFY,To make, or to become, gelatinous; to jelly. --Jel`li*fi*ca"tion (#), n.
JELLY,To become jelly; to come to the state or consistency of jelly.
JELLYFISH,Any one of the acalephs, esp. one of the larger species, havinga
jellylike appearance. See Medusa.
JEMIDAR,The chief or leader of a hand or body of persons; esp., in thenative army
of India, an officer of a rank corresponding to that oflieutenant in the English
army. [Written also jemadar, jamadar.]
JEMLAH GOAT,The jharal.
JEMMINESS,Spruceness. [Slang, Eng.] Pegge (1814).
JEMMY,Spruce. [Slang, Eng.] Smart.
JENIQUEN,A Mexican name for the Sisal hemp (Agave rigida, var.Sisalana); also, its
fiber. [Written also heniequen.]
JENITE,See Yenite.
JENKINS,name of contempt for a flatterer of persons high in social orofficial life;
as, the Jenkins employed by a newspaper. [Colloq. Eng.& U.S.] G. W. Curtis.
JENNET,A small Spanish horse; a genet.
JENNETING,A variety of early apple. See Juneating. [Written alsogeniting.]
JENNY,A familiar name of the European wren. Jenny ass (Zoöl.), afemale ass.
JENTLING,A fish of the genus Leuciscus; the blue chub of the Danube.
JEOFAIL,An oversight in pleading, or the acknowledgment of a mistake oroversight.
Blackstone.
JEOPARD,To put in jeopardy; to expose to loss or injury; to imperil; tohazard. Sir
T. North.A people that jeoparded their lives unto the death. Judg. v. 18.
JEOPARDER,One who puts in jeopardy. [R.]
JEOPARDIZE,To expose to loss or injury; to risk; to jeopard.That he should
jeopardize his willful head Only for spite at me. H.Taylor.
JEOPARDOUS,Perilous; hazardous.His goodly, valiant, and jeopardous enterprise.
Fuller.-- Jeop"ard*ous*ly, adv. Huloet.
JEOPARDY,Exposure to death, loss, or injury; hazard; danger.There came down a storm
of wind on the lake; and they were filledwith water, and were in jeopardy. Luke
viii. 23.Look to thyself, thou art in jeopardy. Shak.
JERBOA,Any small jumping rodent of the genus Dipus, esp. D. Ægyptius,which is
common in Egypt and the adjacent countries. The jerboas havevery long hind legs and
a long tail. [Written also gerboa.]
JEREED,A blunt javelin used by the people of the Levant, especially inmock fights.
[Written also jerreed, jerid.] Byron.
JERFALCON,The gyrfalcon.
JERGUER,See Jerquer.
JERID,Same as Jereed.
JERK,To cut into long slices or strips and dry in the sun; as, jerkbeef. See
Charqui.
JERKER,A North American river chub (Hybopsis biguttatus).
JERKIN,A jacket or short coat; a close waistcoat. Shak.
JERKING,The act of pulling, pushing, or throwing, with a jerk.-- Jerk"ing*ly, adv.
JERKINHEAD,The hipped part of a roof which is hipped only for a part ofits height,
leaving a truncated gable.
JERKY,Moving by jerks and starts; characterized by abrupttransitions; as, a jerky
vehicle; a jerky style.
JERMOONAL,The Himalayan now partridge.
JERONYMITE,One belonging of the mediæval religious orders called Hermitsof St.
Jerome. [Written also Hieronymite.]
JEROPIGIA,See Geropigia.
JERQUER,A customhouse officer who searches ships for unentered goods.[Eng.]
[Written also jerguer.]
JERQUING,The searching of a ship for unentered goods. [Eng.] [Writtenalso jerguer.]
JERRY-BUILDER,A professional builder who erects cheap dwellings of poormaterials
and unsubstantial and slovenly construction.
JERRY-BUILT,Built hastily and of bad materials; as, jerry-built houses.[Colloq.
Eng.]
JERUSALEM,The chief city of Palestine, intimately associated with theglory of the
Jewish nation, and the life and death of Jesus Christ.Jerusalem artichoke Etym:
[Perh. a corrupt. of It. girasole i.e.,sunflower, or turnsole. See Gyre, Solar.]
(Bot.) (a) An Americanplant, a perennial species of sunflower (Helianthus
tuberosus), whosetubers are sometimes used as food. (b) One of the tubers
themselves.-- Jerusalem cherry (Bot.), the popular name of either of either oftwo
species of Solanum (S. Pseudo-capsicum and S. capsicastrum),cultivated as
ornamental house plants. They bear bright red berriesof about the size of
cherries.-- Jerusalem oak (Bot.), an aromatic goosefoot (Chenopodium Botrys),common
about houses and along roadsides.-- Jerusalem sage (Bot.), a perennial herb of the
Mint family(Phlomis tuberosa).-- Jerusalem thorn (Bot.), a spiny, leguminous tree
(Parkinsoniaaculeata), widely dispersed in warm countries, and used for hedges.--
The New Jerusalem, Heaven; the Celestial City.
JERVINE,A poisonous alkaloid resembling veratrine, and found with it inwhite
hellebore (Veratrum album); -- called also jervina.
JESS,A short strap of leather or silk secured round the leg of ahawk, to which the
leash or line, wrapped round the falconer's hand,was attached when used. See
Illust. of Falcon.Like a hawk, which feeling freed From bells and jesses which did
lether flight. Spenser.
JESSAMINE,Same as Jasmine.
JESSANT,Springing up or emerging; -- said of a plant or animal.
JESSE,Any representation or suggestion of the genealogy of Christ, indecorative
art; as:(a) A genealogical tree represented in stained glass.(b) A candlestick with
many branches, each of which bears the name ofsome one of the descendants of Jesse;
-- called also tree of Jesse.Jesse window (Arch.), a window of which the glazing
and traceryrepresent the tree of Jesse.
JESSED,Having jesses on, as a hawk.
JESTFUL,Given to jesting; full of jokes.
JESTING,Sportive; not serious; fit for jests.He will find that these are no jesting
matters. Macaulay.
JESTINGLY,In a jesting manner.
JESU,Jesus. [Poetical]
JESUIT,One of a religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola, andapproved in 1540,
under the title of The Society of Jesus.
JESUITED,Conforming to the principles of the Jesuits. Milton.
JESUITESS,One of an order of nuns established on the principles of theJesuits, but
suppressed by Pope Urban in 1633.
JESUITICALLY,In a jesuitical manner.
JESUITOCRACY,Government by Jesuits; also, the whole body of Jesuits in acountry.
[R.] C. Kingsley.
JESUITRY,Jesuitism; subtle argument. [R.] Carlyle.
JESUS,The Savior; the name of the Son of God as announced by theangel to his
parents; the personal name of Our Lord, in distinctionfrom Christ, his official
appellation. Luke i. 31.Thou shalt call his name Jesus; for he shall save his
people fromtheir sins. Matt. i. 21.
JET,Same as 2d Get. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JET-BLACK,Black as jet; deep black.
JETERUS,A yellowness of the parts of plants which are normally green;yellows.
JETTEAU,See Jet d'eau. [R.] Addison.
JETTEE,See Jetty, n. Burke.
JETTER,One who struts; one who bears himself jauntily; a fop. [Obs.]Palsgrave.
JETTINESS,The state of being jetty; blackness. Pennant.
JETTISON,The throwing overboard of goods from necessity, in order tolighten a
vessel in danger of wreck.
JETTON,A metal counter used in playing cards.
JETTY,Made of jet, or like jet in color.The people . . . are of a jetty. Sir T.
Browne.
JEUNESSE DOREE,Lit., gilded youth; young people of wealth and fashion, esp. ifgiven
to prodigal living; -- in the French Revolution, applied toyoung men of the upper
classes who aided in suppressing the Jacobinsafter the Reign of Terror.
JEW,Originally, one belonging to the tribe or kingdom of Judah;after the return
from the Babylonish captivity, any member of the newstate; a Hebrew; an Israelite.
Jew's frankincense, gum styrax, orbenzoin.-- Jew's mallow (Bot.), an annual herb
(Corchorus olitorius)cultivated in Syria and Egypt as a pot herb, and in India for
itsfiber.-- Jew's pitch, asphaltum; bitumen.-- The Wandering Jew, an imaginary
personage, who, for his crueltyto the Savior during his passion, is doomed to
wander on the earthtill Christ's second coming.
JEWBUSH,A euphorbiaceous shrub of the genus Pedilanthus (P.tithymaloides), found in
the West Indies, and possessing powerfulemetic and drastic qualities.
JEWEL,To dress, adorn, deck, or supply with jewels, as a dress, asword hilt, or a
watch; to bespangle, as with jewels.The long gray tufts . . . are jeweled thick
with dew. M. Arnold.
JEWELER,One who makes, or deals in, jewels, precious stones, andsimilar ornaments.
[Written also jeweller.] Jeweler's gold. See underGold.
JEWELLERY,See Jewelry. Burke.
JEWELWEED,See Impatiens.
JEWESS,A Hebrew woman.
JEWISE,Same as Juise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JEWISH CALENDAR,A lunisolar calendar in use among Hebraic peoples, reckoningfrom
the year 3761 b. c., the date traditionally given for theCreation. It received its
present fixed form from Hillel II. about360 a. d. The present names of the months,
which are Babylonian-Assyrian in origin, replaced older ones, Abib, Bul, etc., at
the timeof the Babylonian Exile. Nineteen years constitute a lunar cycle, ofwhich
the 3d, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years are leapyears. The year 5663
[1902-3 a. d.] was the first year of the 299thlunar cycle. The common year is said
to be defective, regular, orperfect (or abundant) according as it has 353, 354, or
355 days. Theleap year has an intercalary month, and a total of 383 (defective),384
(regular), or 385 (perfect, or abundant) days. The calendar iscomplicated by
various rules providing for the harmonious arrangementof festivals, etc., so that
no simple perpetual calendar can beconstructed. The following table gives the
months in order, with thenumber of days assigned to each. Only three months vary in
length.They are: Heshvan, which has 30 days in perfect years; Kislev, whichhas 30
days in regular and perfect years; and Adar, which has 30 daysin leap years. The
ecclesiastical year commences with Nisan and thecivil year with Tishri. The date of
the first of Tishri, or theJewish New Year, is also given for the Jewish years
5661-5696 (1900-1935 a. d.). From these tables it is possible to transform any
Jewishdate into Christian, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935 a. d.
JEWISH,Of or pertaining to the Jews or Hebrews; characteristic of orresembling the
Jews or their customs; Israelitish.-- Jew"ish*ly, adv.-- Jew"ish*ness, n.
JEWRY,Judea; also, a district inhabited by Jews; a Jews' quarter.Chaucer.Teaching
throughout all Jewry. Luke xxiii. 5.
JEZEBEL,A bold, vicious woman; a termagant. Spectator.
JHARAL,A wild goat (Capra Jemlaica) which inhabits the loftiestmountains of India.
It has long, coarse hair, forming a thick mane onits head and neck.
JIB,A triangular sail set upon a stay or halyard extending from theforemast or
fore-topmast to the bowsprit or the jib boom. Largevessels often carry several
jibe; as, inner jib; outer jib; flyingjib; etc.
JIBBER,A horse that jibs. [Eng.]
JIBE,To shift, as the boom of a fore-and-aft sail, from one side ofa vessel to the
other when the wind is aft or on the quarter. SeeGybe.
JIFFY,A moment; an instant; as, I will be ready in a jiffy. [Colloq.]J. & H. Smith.
JIG,A light, brisk musical movement.Hot and hasty, like a Scotch jib. Shak.
JIGGER,A species of flea (Sarcopsylla, or Pulex, penetrans), whichburrows beneath
the skin. See Chigoe.
JIGGING,The act or using a jig; the act of separating ore with ajigger, or wire-
bottomed sieve, which is moved up and down in water.Jigging machine. (a) (Mining) A
machine for separating ore by theprocess of jigging. (b) (Metal Working) A machine
with a rotarymilling cutter and a templet by which the action of the cutter
isguided or limited; -- used for forming the profile of an irregularlyshaped piece;
a profiling machine.
JIGGLE,To wriggle or frisk about; to move awkwardly; to shake up anddown.
JIGJOG,A jolting motion; a jogging pace.
JILL,A young woman; a sweetheart. See Gill. Beau. & Fl.
JILL-FLIRT,A light, giddy, or wanton girl or woman. See Gill-flirt.
JILT,A woman who capriciously deceives her lover; a coquette; aflirt. Otway.
JIM CROW,A negro; -- said to be so called from a popular negro song anddance, the
refrain of which is "Wheel about and turn about and jumpJim Crow," produced in 1835
by T. D. Rice, a famous negro minstrel.[Slang, U. S.]
JIMCRACK,See Gimcrack.
JIMMY,A short crowbar used by burglars in breaking open doors.[Written also jemmy.]
JIMP,Neat; handsome; elegant. See Gimp.
JIMSON WEED,. See Jamestown weed. [Local, U.S.]
JINGAL,A small portable piece of ordnance, mounted on a swivel.[Written also gingal
and jingall.] [India]
JINGLE,To cause to give a sharp metallic sound as a little bell, or ascoins shaken
together; to tinkle.The bells she jingled, and the whistle blew. Pope.
JINGLER,One who, or that which, jingles.
JINGLING,The act or process of producing a jingle; also, the sounditself; a chink.
"The jingling of the guinea." Tennyson.
JINGLINGLY,So as to jingle. Lowell.
JINGOISM,The policy of the Jingoes, so called. See Jingo, 2. [Cant,Eng.]
JINNEE,A genius or demon; one of the fabled genii, good and evilspirits, supposed
to be the children of fire, and to have the powerof assuming various forms.
[Written also jin, djinnee, etc.]
JINNY ROAD,An inclined road in a coal mine, on which loaded cars descendby gravity,
drawing up empty ones. Knight.
JINRIKISHA,A small, two-wheeled, hooded vehicle drawn by one more men.[Japan]
JINX,A person, object, influence, or supernatural being which issupposed to bring
bad luck or to cause things to go wrong. [Slang]
JIPPO,A waistcoat or kind of stays for women.
JO,A sweetheart; a darling. [Scot.] Burns.
JOB,To buy and sell, as a broker; to purchase of importers ormanufacturers for the
purpose of selling to retailers; as, to jobgoods.
JOBATION,A scolding; a hand, tedious reproof. [Law] Grose.
JOBBERNOWL,A blockhead. [Colloq. & Obs.] H. Taylor.
JOCANTRY,The act or practice of jesting. [Obs.]
JOCKEY,To play or act the jockey; to cheat.
JOCKEYING,The act or management of one who jockeys; trickery.Beaconsfield.
JOCKEYISM,The practice of jockeys.
JOCKEYSHIP,The art, character, or position, of a jockey; the personalityof a
jockey.Go flatter Sawney for his jockeyship. Chatterton.Where can at last his
jockeyship retire Cowper.
JOCOSE,Given to jokes and jesting; containing a joke, or abounding injokes; merry;
sportive; humorous.To quit their austerity and be jocose and pleasant with an
adversary.Shaftesbury.All . . . jocose or comical airs should be excluded. I.
Watts.
JOCOSERIOUS,Mingling mirth and seriousness. M. Green.
JOCOSITY,A jocose act or saying; jocoseness. Sir T. Browne.
JOCULARITY,Jesting; merriment.
JOCULARLY,In jest; for sport or mirth; jocosely.
JOCULARY,Jocular; jocose; sportive. Bacon.
JOCULATOR,A jester; a joker. [Obs.] Strutt.
JOCULATORY,Droll; sportive. [Obs.] Cockeram.
JOCUND,Merry; cheerful; gay; airy; lively; sportive.Night's candles are burnt out,
and jocund day Stands tiptoe on themisty mountain tops. Shak.Rural sports and
jocund strains. Prior.-- Joc"und*ly, adv.-- Joc"und*ness, n.
JOCUNDITY,The state or quality of being jocund; gayety; sportiveness.
JOE MILLER,A jest book; a stale jest; a worn-out joke. [Colloq.]It is an old Joe
Miller in whist circles, that there are only tworeasons that can justify you in not
returning trumps to yourpartner's lead; i. e., first, sudden illness; secondly,
having none.Pole.
JOE,See Johannes.
JOE-PYE WEED,A tall composite plant of the genus Eupatorium (E. purpureum),with
purplish flowers, and whorled leaves.
JOG,To move by jogs or small shocks, like those of a slow trot; tomove slowly,
leisurely, or monotonously; -- usually with on,sometimes with over.Jog on, jog on,
the footpath way. Shak.So hung his destiny, never to rot,While he might still jog
on and keep his trot. Milton.The good old ways our sires jogged safely over. R.
Browning.
JOGGER,One who jogs. Dryden.
JOGGING,The act of giving a jog or jogs; traveling at a jog.
JOGGLE,To join by means of joggles, so as to prevent sliding apart;sometimes,
loosely, to dowel.The struts of a roof are joggled into the truss posts. Gwilt.
JOHANNEAN,Of or pertaining to John, esp. to the Apostle John or hiswritings. M.
Stuart.
JOHANNES,A Portuguese gold coin of the value of eight dollars, namedfrom the figure
of King John which it bears;- often contracted intojoe; as, a joe, or a half joe.
JOHANNISBERGER,A fine white wine produced on the estate of Schloss (or
Castle)Johannisberg, on the Rhine.
JOHN,A proper name of a man. John-apple, a sort of apple ripe aboutSt. John's Day.
Same as Apple-john.-- John Bull, an ideal personification of the
typicalcharacteristics of an Englishman, or of the English people.-- John Bullism,
English character. W. Irving.-- John Doe (Law), the name formerly given to the
fictitiousplaintiff in an action of ejectment. Mozley & W.-- John Doree, John Dory.
Etym: [John (or F. jaune yellow) + Doree,Dory.] (Zoöl.) An oval, compressed,
European food fish (Zeus faber).Its color is yellow and olive, with golden,
silvery, and bluereflections. It has a round dark spot on each side. Called also
dory,doree, and St. Peter's fish.
JOHNADREAMS,A dreamy, idle fellow. Shak.
JOHNNY,A sculpin. [Local cant] Johny Crapaud (, a jocose designationof a Frenchman,
or of the French people, collectively.
JOHNNYCAKE,A kind of bread made of the meal of maize (Indian corn), mixedwith water
or milk, etc., and baked. [U.S.] J. Barlow.
JOHNSON GRASS,A tall perennial grass (Sorghum Halepense), valuable in theSouthern
and Western States for pasture and hay. The rootstocks arelarge and juicy and are
eagerly sought by swine. Called also Cubagrass, Means grass, Evergreen millet, and
Arabian millet.
JOHNSONESE,The literary style of Dr. Samuel Johnson, or one formed inimitation of
it; an inflated, stilted, or pompous style, affectingclassical words. E. Everett.
JOHNSONIAN,Pertaining to or resembling Dr. Johnson or his style; pompous;inflated.
JOHNSONIANISM,A manner of acting or of writing peculiar to, or characteristicof,
Dr. Johnson. [Written also Johnsonism.]
JOIN,To be contiguous, close, or in contact; to come together; tounite; to mingle;
to form a union; as, the hones of the skull join;two rivers join.Whose house joined
hard to the synagogue. Acts xviii. 7.Should we again break thy commandments, and
join in affinity with thepeople of these abominations Ezra ix. 14.Nature and
fortune joined to make thee great. Shak.
JOINANT,Adjoining. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JOINERY,The art, or trade, of a joiner; the work of a joiner.A piece of joinery . .
. whimsically dovetailed. Burke.
JOINHAND,Writing in which letters are joined in words; -- distinguishedfrom writing
in single letters. Addison.
JOINT,A plane of fracture, or divisional plane, of a rock transverseto the
stratification.
JOINT-FIR,A genus (Ephedra) of leafless shrubs, with the stemsconspicuously
jointed; -- called also shrubby horsetail. There areabout thirty species, of which
two or three are found from Texas toCalifornia.
JOINTED,Having joints; articulated; full of nodes; knotty; as, ajointed doll;
jointed structure. "The jointed herbage." J. Philips.-- Joint"ed*ly, adv.
JOINTING,The act or process of making a joint; also, the joints thusproduced.
Jointing machine, a planing machine for wood used infurniture and piano factories,
etc.-- Jointing plane. See Jointer, 2.-- Jointing rule (Masonry), a long straight
rule, used bybricklayers for securing straight joints and faces.
JOINTLESS,Without a joint; rigid; stiff.
JOINTLY,In a joint manner; together; unitedly; in concert; notseparately.Then
jointly to the ground their knees they bow. Shak.
JOINTRESS,A woman who has a jointure. [Written also jointuress.]Blackstone.
JOINTURE,An estate settled on a wife, which she is to enjoy afterhusband's decease,
for her own life at least, in satisfaction ofdower.The jointure that your king must
make, Which with her dowry shall becounterpoised. Shak.
JOINTURELESS,Having no jointure.
JOINTURESS,See Jointress. Bouvier.
JOINTWEED,A slender, nearly leafless, American herb (Polygonumarticulatum), with
jointed spikes of small flowers.
JOINTWORM,The larva of a small, hymenopterous fly (Eurytoma hordei),which is found
in gall-like swellings on the stalks of wheat, usuallyat or just above the first
joint. In some parts of America it doesgreat damage to the crop.
JOIST,A piece of timber laid horizontally, or nearly so, to which theplanks of the
floor, or the laths or furring strips of a ceiling, arenailed; -- called, according
to its position or use, binding joist,bridging joist, ceiling joist, trimming
joist, etc. See Illust. ofDouble-framed floor, under Double, a.
JOKE,To make merry with; to make jokes upon; to rally; to banter;as, to joke a
comrade.
JOKER,See Rest bower, under 2d Bower.
JOKINGLY,In a joking way; sportively.
JOLIF,Joyful; merry; pleasant; jolly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JOLLIFICATION,A merrymaking; noisy festivity. [Colloq.]We have had a jollification
or so together. Sir W. Scott.
JOLLILY,In a jolly manner.
JOLLIMENT,Jollity. [Obs.] Spenser.
JOLLINESS,Jollity; noisy mirth. Chaucer.
JOLLITY,Noisy mirth; gayety; merriment; festivity; boisterousenjoyment. Chaucer.All
now was turned to jollity and game. Milton.He with a proud jollity commanded him to
leave that quarrel only forhim, who was only worthy to enter into it. Sir P.
Sidney.
JOLLY-BOAT,A boat of medium size belonging to a ship.
JOLLYHEAD,Jollity. [Obs.] Spenser.
JOLT,To shake with short, abrupt risings and fallings, as a carriagemoving on rough
ground; as, the coach jolts.
JOLTER,One who, or that which, jolts.
JOLTINGLY,In a jolting manner.
JOLTY,That jolts; as, a jolty coach. [Colloq.]
JONAH,The Hebrew prophet, who was cast overboard as one whoendangered the ship;
hence, any person whose presence isunpropitious. Jonah crab (Zoöl.), a large crab
(Cancer borealis) ofthe eastern coast of the United States, sometimes found
betweentides, but usually in deep water.
JONESIAN,Of or pertaining to Jones. The Jonesian system, a system oftransliterating
Oriental words by English letters, invented by SirWilliam Jones.
JORAM,See Jorum.
JORUM,A large drinking vessel; also, its contents. [Colloq. Eng.]Forby.
JOSEPH,An outer garment worn in the 18th century; esp., a woman'sriding habit,
buttoned down the front. Fairholt.
JOSO,A small gudgeon.
JOSS PAPER,Gold and silver paper burned by the Chinese, in the form ofcoins or
ingots, in worship and at funerals.
JOSS,A Chinese household divinity; a Chinese idol. "Critic in jarsand josses."
Colman (1761). Joss house, a Chinese temple or house forthe Chinese mode of
worship.-- Joss stick, a reed covered with a paste made of the dust ofodoriferous
woods, or a cylinder made wholly of the paste; -- burnedby the Chinese before an
idol.
JOSSA,A command to a horse, probably meaning "stand still." [Obs.]Chaucer.
JOSTLE,To run against and shake; to push out of the way; to elbow; tohustle; to
disturb by crowding; to crowd against. "Bullies jostledhim." Macaulay.Systems of
movement, physical, intellectual, and moral, which areperpetually jostling each
other. I. Taylor.
JOSTLEMENT,Crowding; hustling.
JOT,An iota; a point; a tittle; the smallest particle. Cf. Bit, n.Till heaven and
earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wisepass from the law, till all be
fulfilled. Matt. v. 18.Neither will they bate One jot of ceremony. Shak.
JOUGS,An iron collar fastened to a wall or post, formerly used inScotland as a kind
of pillory. [Written also juggs.] See Juke. Sir W.Scott.
JOUISSANCE,Jollity; merriment. [Obs.] Spenser.
JOUK,See Juke.
JOUL,See Jowl.
JOULE,A unit of work which is equal to 107 units of work in the C. G.S. system of
units (ergs), and is practically equivalent to theenergy expended in one second by
an electric current of one ampere ina resistance of one ohm. One joule is
approximately equal to 0.738foot pounds. Joule's equivalent. See under Equivalent,
n.
JOULEMETER,An integrating wattmeter for measuring the energy in joulesexpended in
an electric circuit or developed by a machine.
JOUNCE,To jolt; to shake, especially by rough riding or by drivingover
obstructions.
JOURNAL,Daily; diurnal. [Obs.]Whiles from their journal labors they did rest.
Spenser.
JOURNALISTIC,Pertaining to journals or to journalists; contained in,
orcharacteristic of, the public journals; as journalistic literature orenterprise.
JOURNALIZE,To enter or record in a journal or diary. Johnson.
JOURNEY,To travel from place to place; to go from home to a distance.Abram
journeyed, going on still toward the south. Gen. xii. 9.
JOURNEY-BATED,Worn out with journeying. [Obs.] Shak.
JOURNEYER,One who journeys.
JOURNEYMAN,Formerly, a man hired to work by the day; now, commonly, onewho has
mastered a handicraft or trade; -- distinguished fromapprentice and from master
workman.I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, and not madethem
well. Shak.
JOURNEYWORK,Originally, work done by the day; work done by a journeyman athis
trade.
JOUST,To engage in mock combat on horseback, as two knights in thelists; to tilt.
[Written also just.]For the whole army to joust and tourney. Holland.
JOUSTER,One who jousts or tilts.
JOVE,The planet Jupiter. [R.] Pope.
JOVIALIST,One who lives a jovial life. Bp. Hall.
JOVIALITY,The quality or state of being jovial. Sir T. Herbert.
JOVIALLY,In a jovial manner; merrily; gayly. B. Jonson.
JOVIALNESS,Noisy mirth; joviality. Hewyt.
JOVIALTY,Joviality. [R.] Barrow.
JOVIAN,Of or pertaining to Jove, or Jupiter (either the deity or theplanet).
JOVICENTRIC,Revolving around the planet Jupiter; appearing as viewed fromJupiter.
[R.] J. R. Hind.
JOVINIANIST,An adherent to the doctrines of Jovinian, a monk of the fourthcentury,
who denied the virginity of Mary, and opposed the asceticismof his time.
JOWL,The cheek; the jaw. [Written also jole, choule, chowle, andgeoule.] Cheek by
jowl, with the cheeks close together; side by side;in close proximity. "I will go
with three cheek by jole." Shak. "Sits cheek by jowl." Dryden.
JOWLER,A dog with large jowls, as the beagle.
JOWTER,A mounted peddler of fish; -- called also jouster. [Obs.]Carew.
JOY,To rejoice; to be glad; to delight; to exult.I will joy in the God of my
salvation. Hab. iii. 18.In whose sight all things joy. Milton.
JOYANCE,Enjoyment; gayety; festivity; joyfulness. Spenser.Some days of joyance are
decreed to all. Byron.From what hid fountains doth thy joyance flow Trench.
JOYANCY,Joyance. [R.] Carlyle.
JOYFUL,Full of joy; having or causing joy; very glad; as, a joyfulheart. "Joyful
tidings." Shak.My soul shall be joyful in my God. Is. lxi. 10.Sad for their loss,
but joyful of our life. Pope.-- Joy"ful*ly, adv.-- Joy"ful*ness, n.
JOYLESS,Not having joy; not causing joy; unenjoyable.-- Joy"less*ly, adv.--
Joy"less*ness, n.With downcast eyes the joyless victor sat. Dryden.Youth and health
and war are joyless to him. Addison.[He] pining for the lass, Is joyless of the
grove, and spurns thegrowing grass. Dryden.
JOYOUS,Glad; gay; merry; joyful; also, affording or inspiring joy;with of before
the word or words expressing the cause of joy.Is this your joyous city Is. xxiii.
7.They all as glad as birds of joyous prime. Spenser.And joyous of our conquest
early won. Dryden.
JOYSOME,Causing joyfulness. [R.]This all joysome grove. T. Browne.
JUB,A vessel for holding ale or wine; a jug. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JUBA,The mane of an animal.
JUBATE,Fringed with long, pendent hair.
JUBILANT,Uttering songs of triumph; shouting with joy; triumphant;exulting. "The
jubilant age." Coleridge.While the bright pomp ascended jubilant. Milton.
JUBILANTLY,In a jubilant manner.
JUBILAR,Pertaining to, or having the character of, a jubilee. [R.] Bp.Hall.
JUBILATE,To exult; to rejoice. [R.] De Quincey.
JUBILATION,A triumphant shouting; rejoicing; exultation. "Jubilations
andhallelujahs." South.
JUBILEE,Every fiftieth year, being the year following the completion ofeach seventh
sabbath of years, at which time all the slaves of Hebrewblood were liberated, and
all lands which had been alienated duringthe whole period reverted to their former
owners. [In this sensespelled also, in some English Bibles, jubile.] Lev. xxv. 8-
17.
JUCUNDITY,Pleasantness; agreeableness. See Jocundity. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
JUDAHITE,One of the tribe of Judah; a member of the kingdom of Judah; aJew. Kitto.
JUDAICALLY,After the Jewish manner. Milton.
JUDAIST,One who believes and practices Judaism.
JUDAISTIC,Of or pertaining to Judaism.
JUDAIZATION,The act of Judaizing; a conforming to the Jewish religion orritual.
[R.]
JUDAIZE,To conform to the doctrines, observances, or methods of theJews; to
inculcate or impose Judaism.They . . . prevailed on the Galatians to Judaize so far
as to observethe rites of Moses in various instances. They were Judaizing
doctors,who taught the observation of the Mosaic law. Bp. Bull.
JUDAIZER,One who conforms to or inculcates Judaism; specifically, pl.(Ch. Hist.),
those Jews who accepted Christianity but still adheredto the law of Moses and
worshiped in the temple at Jerusalem.
JUDAIZERS,See Raskolnik.
JUDAS,The disciple who betrayed Christ. Hence: A treacherous person;one who betrays
under the semblance of friendship.-- a.
JUDAS-COLORED,Red; -- from a tradition that Judas Iscariot had red hair
andbeard.There's treachery in that Judas-colored beard. Dryden.
JUDDOCK,See Jacksnipe.
JUDEAN,Of or pertaining to Judea.-- n.
JUDGE,A public officer who is invested with authority to hear anddetermine
litigated causes, and to administer justice between partiesin courts held for that
purpose.The parts of a judge in hearing are four: to direct the evidence;
tomoderate length, repetition, or impertinency of speech; torecapitulate, select,
and collate the material points of that whichhath been said; and to give the rule
or sentence. Bacon.
JUDGE-MADE,Created by judges or judicial decision; -- applied esp. to lawapplied or
established by the judicial interpretation of statutes soas extend or restrict
their scope, as to meet new cases, to providenew or better remedies, etc., and
often used opprobriously of acts ofjudicial interpretation considered as doing
this.
JUDGER,One who judges. Sir K. Digby.
JUDGESHIP,The office of a judge.
JUDGMENT,The final award; the last sentence.
JUDICABLE,Capable of being judged; capable of being tried or decidedupon. Jer.
Taylor.
JUDICATIVE,Having power to judge; judicial; as, the judicative faculty.Hammond.
JUDICATORY,Pertaining to the administration of justice; dispensingjustice;
judicial; as, judicatory tribunals. T. Wharton.Power to reject in an authoritative
or judicatory way. Bp. Hall.
JUDICIALLY,In a judicial capacity or judicial manner. "The Lords . . .sitting
judicially." Macaulay.
JUDICIARY,Of or pertaining to courts of judicature, or legal tribunals;judicial;
as, a judiciary proceeding. Bp. Burnet.
JUDICIOUS,Of or relating to a court; judicial. [Obs.]His last offenses to us Shall
have judicious hearing. Shak.
JUDICIOUSLY,In a judicious manner; with good judgment; wisely.
JUDICIOUSNESS,The quality or state of being judicious; sagacity; s
JUGAL,Pertaining to, or in the region of, the malar, or cheek bone.
JUGATA,The figures of two heads on a medal or coin, either side byside or joined.
JUGATED,Coupled together.
JUGE,A judge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JUGEMENT,Judgment. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JUGER,A Roman measure of land, measuring 28,800 square feet, or 240feet in length
by 120 in breadth.
JUGGER,An East Indian falcon. See Lugger.
JUGGERNAUT,One of the names under which Vishnu, in his incarnation asKrishna, is
worshiped by the Hindoos. [Written also Juggernnath,Jaganath, Jaganatha, etc.]
JUGGLE,To deceive by trick or artifice.Is't possible the spells of France should
juggle Men into suchstrange mysteries Shak.
JUGGLING,Cheating; tricky.-- Jug"gling*ly, adv.
JUGGS,See Jougs. [Scot.]
JUGLANDIN,An extractive matter contained in the juice of the green shucksof the
walnut (Juglans regia). It is used medicinally as analterative, and also as a black
hair dye.
JUGLANDINE,An alkaloid found in the leaves of the walnut (Juglans regia).
JUGLANS,A genus of valuable trees, including the true walnut of Europe,and the
America black walnut, and butternut.
JUGLONE,A yellow crystalline substance resembling quinone, extractedfrom green
shucks of the walnut (Juglans regia); -- called alsonucin.
JUGULAR,Having the ventral fins beneath the throat; -- said of certainfishes.
JUGULATE,To cut the throat of. [R.] Jacob Bigelow.
JUGULUM,The lower throat, or that part of the neck just above thebreast.
JUICE,The characteristic fluid of any vegetable or animal substance;the sap or part
which can be expressed from fruit, etc.; the fluidpart which separates from meat in
cooking.An animal whose juices are unsound. Arbuthnot.The juice of July flowers. B.
Jonson.The juice of Egypt's grape. Shak.Letters which Edward Digby wrote in lemon
juice. Macaulay.Cold water draws the juice of meat. Mrs. Whitney.
JUICELESS,Lacking juice; dry. Dr. H. More.
JUICINESS,The state or quality of being juicy; succulence plants.
JUICY,A bounding with juice; succulent. Bacon.
JUISE,Judgment; justice; sentence. [Obs.]Up [on] pain of hanging and high juise.
Chaucer.
JUJUBE,The sweet and edible drupes (fruits) of several Mediterraneanand African
species small trees, of the genus Zizyphus, especiallythe Z. jujuba, Z. vulgaris,
Z. mucronata, and Z. Lotus. The lastnamed is thought to have furnished the lotus of
the ancient LibyanLotophagi, or lotus eaters. Jujube paste, the dried or
inspissatedjelly of the jujube; also, a confection made of gum arabic sweetened.
JUKE,To bend the neck; to bow or duck the head. [Written also jookand jouk.]The
money merchant was so proud of his trust that he went juking andtossing of his
head. L' Estrange.
JULACEOUS,Like an ament, or bearing aments; amentaceous.
JULEP,a sweet, demulcent, acidulous, or mucilaginous mixture, used asa vehicle.
Milton.Honey in woods, juleps in brooks. H. Vaughan.
JULIAN,Relating to, or derived from, Julius Cæsar. Julian calendar,the calendar as
adjusted by Julius Cæsar, in which the year was madeto consist of 365 days, each
fourth year having 366 days.-- Julian epoch, the epoch of the commencement of the
Juliancalendar, or 46 b. c.-- Julian period, a chronological period of 7,980 years,
combiningthe solar, lunar, and indiction cycles (28 x 19 x 15 = 7,980),
beingreckoned from the year 4713 B. C., when the first years of theseseveral cycles
would coincide, so that if any year of the period bedivided by 28, 19, or 15, the
remainder will be the year of thecorresponding cycle. The Julian period was
proposed by Scaliger, toremove or avoid ambiguities in chronological dates, and was
so namedbecause composed of Julian years.-- Julian year, the year of 365 days, 6
hours, adopted in the Juliancalendar, and in use until superseded by the Gregorian
year, asestablished in the reformed or Gregorian calendar.
JULIENNE,A kind of soup containing thin slices or shreds of carrots,onions, etc.
JULIFORM,Having the shape or appearance of a julus or catkin.
JULUS,A catkin or ament. See Ament.
JULY,The seventh month of the year, containing thirty-one days.
JULY-FLOWER,See Gillyflower.
JUMART,The fabled offspring of a bull and a mare. Locke.
JUMBLE,To mix in a confused mass; to put or throw together withoutorder; -- often
followed by together or up.Why dost thou blend and jumble such inconsistencies
together Burton.Every clime and age Jumbled together. Tennyson.
JUMBLEMENT,Confused mixture. [Low]
JUMBLER,One who confuses things.
JUMBLINGLY,In a confused manner.
JUMELLE,Twin; paired; -- said of various objects made or formed inpairs, as a
binocular opera glass, a pair of gimmal rings, etc.
JUMENT,A beast; especially, a beast of burden. [Obs.]Fitter for juments than men to
feed on. Burton.
JUMP SPARK,A spark produced by the jumping of electricity across apermanent gap.
JUMP,A bodice worn instead of stays by women in the 18th century.
JUMPER,The larva of the cheese fly. See Cheese fly, under Cheese.
JUMPING DISEASE,A convulsive tic similar to or identical with miryachit,observed
among the woodsmen of Maine.
JUMPING,of Jump, to leap. Jumping bean, a seed of a Mexican Euphorbia,containing
the larva of a moth (Carpocapsa saltitans). The larva byits sudden movements causes
the seed to roll to roll and jump about.-- Jumping deer (Zoöl.), a South African
rodent (Pedetes Caffer),allied to the jerboa.-- Jumping jack, a toy figure of a
man, jointed and made to jump ordance by means of strings.-- Jumping louse (Zoöl.),
any of the numerous species of plant licebelonging to the family Psyllidæ, several
of which are injurious tofruit trees.-- Jumping mouse (Zoöl.), North American mouse
(Zapus Hudsonius),having a long tail and large hind legs. It is noted for its
jumpingpowers. Called also kangaroo mouse.-- Jumping mullet (Zoöl.), gray mullet.--
Jumping shrew (Zoöl.), any African insectivore of the genusMacroscelides. They are
allied to the shrews, but have large hindlegs adapted for jumping.-- Jumping spider
(Zoöl.), spider of the genus Salticus and otherrelated genera; one of the
Saltigradæ; -- so called because it leapsupon its prey.
JUMPWELD,See Buttweld, v. t.
JUMPY,Jumping, or inducing to jump; characterized by jumps; hence,extremely
nervous.
JUNCACEOUS,Of. pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants(Juncaceæ),
of which the common rush (Juncus) is the type.
JUNCATE,See Junket.[Obs.] Spenser.
JUNCITE,A fossil rush.
JUNCO,Any bird of the genus Junco, which includes several species ofNorth American
finches; -- called also snowbird, or blue snowbird.
JUNCOUS,Full of rushes: resembling rushes; juncaceous. [R.] Johnson.
JUNCTION BOX,A box through which the main conductors of a system of
electricdistribution pass, and where connection is made with branch circuits.
JUNE,The sixth month of the year, containing thirty days.And what is so rare as a
day in June Then, if ever, come perfectdays. Lowell.June beetle, June bug (Zoöl.),
any one of several species of largebrown beetles of the genus Lachnosterna and
related genera; -- socalled because they begin to fly, in the northern United
States,about the first of June. The larvæ of the June beetles live underground, and
feed upon the roots of grasses and other plants. Calledalso May bug or May
beetle.-- June grass (Bot.), a New England name for Kentucky blue grass.See Blue
glass, and Illustration in Appendix.
JUNEATING,A kind of early apple. [Written also jenneting.]
JUNGERMANNIA,A genus of hepatic mosses, now much circumscribed, but
formerlycomprising most plants of the order, which is sometimes thereforecalled
Jungermanniaceæ.
JUNGLE,A dense growth of brushwood, grasses, reeds, vines, etc.; analmost
impenetrable thicket of trees, canes, and reedy vegetation, asin India, Africa,
Australia, and Brazil.The jungles of India are of bamboos, canes, and other palms,
verydifficult to penetrate. Balfour (Cyc. of India).Jungle bear (Zoöl.), the aswail
or sloth bear.-- Jungle cat (Zoöl.), the chaus.-- Jungle cock (Zoöl.), the male of
a jungle fowl.-- Jungle fowl. (Zoöl.) (a) Any wild species of the genus Gallus,
ofwhich several species inhabit India and the adjacent islands; as, thefork-tailed
jungle fowl (G. varius) of Java, G. Stanleyi of Ceylon,and G. Bankiva of India.
JUNGLY,Consisting of jungles; abounding with jungles; of the nature ofa jungle.
JUNIORITY,The state or quality of being junior.
JUNIPER,Any evergreen shrub or tree, of the genus Juniperus and orderConiferæ.
JUNIPERIN,A yellow amorphous substance extracted from juniper berries.
JUNIPERITE,One of the fossil Coniferæ, evidently allied to the juniper.
JUNK,A fragment of any solid substance; a thick piece. See Chunk.[Colloq.] Lowell.
JUNKER,A young German noble or squire; esp., a member of thearistocratic party in
Prussia.
JUNKERISM,The principles of the aristocratic party in Prussia.
JUNKET,To feast; to banquet; to make an entertainment; -- sometimesapplied
opprobriously to feasting by public officers at the publiccost.Job's children
junketed and feasted together often. South.
JUNKETING,A feast or entertainment; a revel.All those snug junketings and public
gormandizings for which theancient magistrates were equally famous with their
modern successors.W. Irving.The apostle would have no reveling or junketing upon
the altar.South.
JUNKETRIES,Sweetmeats. [Obs.]
JUNO,The sister and wife of Jupiter, the queen of heaven, and thegoddess who
presided over marriage. She corresponds to the GreekHera.Sweeter than the lids of
Juno's eyes. Shak.
JUNOLD,See Gimmal.
JUNTA,A council; a convention; a tribunal; an assembly; esp., thegrand council of
state in Spain.
JUNTO,A secret council to deliberate on affairs of government orpolitics; a number
of men combined for party intrigue; a faction; acabal; as, a junto of ministers; a
junto of politicians.The puzzling sons of party next appeared, In dark cabals and
mightyjuntos met. Thomson.
JUPARTIE,Jeopardy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JUPATI PALM,A great Brazilian palm tree (Raphia tædigera), used by thenatives for
many purposes.
JUPE,Same as Jupon.
JUPITER,The supreme deity, king of gods and men, and reputed to be theson of Saturn
and Rhea; Jove. He corresponds to the Greek Zeus.
JURA,1. A range of mountains between France and Switzerland.
JURA-TRIAS,A term applied to many American Mesozoic strata, in which
thecharacteristics of the Jurassic and Triassic periods appear to beblended.--
Ju`ra-tri*as"sic, a.
JURAL,Of or pertaining to jurisprudence.
JURAMENTUM,An oath.
JURASSIC,Of the age of the middle Mesozoic, including, as divided inEngland and
Europe, the Lias, Oölite, and Wealden; -- named fromcertain rocks of the Jura
mountains.-- n.
JURAT,The memorandum or certificate at the end of an asffidavit, or abill or answer
in chancery, showing when, before whom, and (inEnglish practice), where, it was
sworn or affirmed. Wharton. Bouvier.
JURATORY,Relating to or comprising an oath; as, juratory caution.Ayliffe.
JURDICCION,Jurisdiction. [Obs.]
JURDON,Jordan. [Obs.] Chaucer.
JUREL,A yellow carangoid fish of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts (Caranxchrysos), most
abundant southward, where it is valued as a food fish;-- called also hardtail,
horse crevallé, jack, buffalo jack,skipjack, yellow mackerel, and sometimes,
improperly, horse mackerel.Other species of Caranx (as C. fallax) are also
sometimes calledjurel.
JURIDICALLY,In a juridical manner.
JURISCONSULT,A man learned in the civil law; an expert in juridical science;a
professor of jurisprudence; a jurist.
JURISDICTION,The legal power, right, or authority of a particular court tohear and
determine causes, to try criminals, or to execute justice;judicial authority over a
cause or class of causes; as, certain suitsor actions, or the cognizance of certain
crimes, are within thejurisdiction of a particular court, that is, within the
limits of itsauthority or commission.
JURISDICTIONAL,Of or pertaining to jurisdiction; as jurisdictional rights.Barrow.
JURISDICTIVE,Having jurisdiction. Milton.
JURISPRUDENCE,The science of juridical law; the knowledge of the laws,customs, and
rights of men in a state or community, necessary for thedue administration of
justice.The talents of Abelard were not confined to theology,
jurisprudence,philosophy. J. Warton.Medical jurisprudence, that branch of juridical
law which concernsquestions of medicine.
JURISPRUDENT,Understanding law; skilled in jurisprudence. G. West.
JURISPRUDENTIAL,Of or pertaining to jurisprudence. Stewart.
JURIST,One who professes the science of law; one versed in the law,especially in
the civil law; a writer on civil and international law.It has ever been the method
of public jurists to Burke.
JUROR,A member of a jury; a juryman.I shall both find your lordship judge and
juror. Shak.
JURY,For temporary use; -- applied to a temporary contrivance. Jurymast, a
temporary mast, in place of one that has been carried away,or broken.-- Jury
rudder, a rudder constructed for temporary use.
JURY-RIGGED,Rigged for temporary service. See Jury, a.
JURYMAN,One who is impaneled on a jury, or who serves as a juror.
JUSSI,A delicate fiber, produced in the Philippine Islands from anunidentified
plant, of which dresses, etc., are made.
JUST,To joust. Fairfax.
JUSTICE,To administer justice to. [Obs.] Bacon.
JUSTICEABLE,Liable to trial in a court of justice. [Obs.] Hayward.
JUSTICEHOOD,Justiceship. B. Jonson.
JUSTICEMENT,Administration of justice; procedure in courts of justice.[Obs.]
Johnson.
JUSTICER,One who administers justice; a judge. [Obs.] "Some uprightjusticer." Shak.
JUSTICESHIP,The office or dignity of a justice. Holland.
JUSTICIABLE,Proper to be examined in a court of justice. Bailey.
JUSTICIAR,Same as Justiciary.
JUSTICIARY,An old name for the judges of the higher English courts.
JUSTIFIABLE,Capable of being justified, or shown to be just.Just are the ways of
God, An justifiable to men. Milton.
JUSTIFICATION,The showing in court of a sufficient lawful reason why a partycharged
or accused did that for which he is called to answer.
JUSTIFICATIVE,Having power to justify; justificatory.
JUSTIFICATOR,One who justifies or vindicates; a justifier. Johnson.
JUSTIFICATORY,Vindicatory; defensory; justificative.
JUSTIFIER,One who justifies; one who vindicates, supports, defends,
orabsolves.Justifiers of themselves and hypocrites. Strype.That he might be just,
and the justifier of him which believeth inJesus. Rom. iii. 26.
JUSTIFY,To treat as if righteous and just; to pardon; to exculpate; toabsolve.By
him all that believe are justified from all things, from which yecould not be
justified by the law of Moses. Acts xiii. 39.
JUSTINIAN,Of or pertaining to the Institutes or laws of the RomanJustinian.
JUSTLE,To run or strike against each other; to encounter; to clash; tojostle.
Shak.The chariots shall rage in the streets; they shall justle one againstanother
in the broad ways. Nahum ii. 4.
JUSTLY,In a just manner; in conformity to law, justice, or propriety;by right;
honestly; fairly; accurately. "In equal balance justlyweighed." Shak.Nothing can
justly be despised that can not justly be blamed: wherethere is no choice there can
be no blame. South.
JUSTNESS,The quality of being just; conformity to truth, propriety,accuracy,
exactness, and the like; justice; reasonableness; fairness;equity; as, justness of
proportions; the justness of a description orrepresentation; the justness of a
cause.In value the satisfaction I had in seeing it represented with all thejustness
and gracefulness of action. Dryden.
JUTE,The coarse, strong fiber of the East Indian Corchorusolitorius, and C.
capsularis; also, the plant itself. The fiber ismuch used for making mats, gunny
cloth, cordage, hangings, paper,etc.
JUTES,Jutlanders; one of the Low German tribes, a portion of whichsettled in Kent,
England, in the 5th century.
JUTLANDER,A native or inhabitant of Jutland in Denmark.
JUTLANDISH,Of or pertaining to Jutland, or to the people of Jutland.
JUTTING,Projecting, as corbels, cornices, etc.-- Jut"ting*ly, adv.
JUTTY,A projection in a building; also, a pier or mole; a jetty.Shak.
JUVENAL,A youth. [Obs.] Shak.
JUVENESCENCE,A growing young.
JUVENESCENT,Growing or becoming young.
JUVENILE,A young person or youth; -- used sportively or familiarly. C.Bronté.
JUVENILENESS,The state or quality of being juvenile; juvenility.
JUVIA,A Brazilian name for the lofty myrtaceous tree (Bertholetiaexcelsa) which
produces the large seeds known as Brazil nuts.
JUWANSA,The camel's thorn. See under Camel.
JUWISE,Same as Juise. Chaucer.
JUXTAPOSE,To place in juxtaposition. Huxley.
JUXTAPOSIT,To place in close connection or contiguity; to juxtapose.Derham.
JUXTAPOSITION,A placing or being placed in nearness or contiguity, or side byside;
as, a juxtaposition of words.Parts that are united by a a mere juxtaposition.
Glanvill.Juxtaposition is a very unsafe criterion of continuity. Hare.
JYMOLD,See Gimmal.
K,(K is from the Latin, which used the letter but little exceptin the early period
of the language. It came into the Latin from theGreek, which received it from a
Phoenician source, the ultimateorigin probably being Egyptian,. Etymologically K is
most nearlyrelated to c, g, h (which see).
KAAMA,The hartbeest.
KABALA,See Cabala.
KABASSOU,See Cabassou.
KABOB,See Cabob, n. & v. t.
KABOOK,A clay ironstone found in Ceylon.
KABYLE,A Berber, as in Algiers or Tunis. See Berber.
KADDER,The jackdaw.
KAFAL,The Arabian name of two trees of the genus Balsamodendron,which yield a gum
resin and a red aromatic wood.
KAFFLE,See Coffle.
KAFILAH,See Cafila.
KAFTAN,See Caftan.
KAGE,A chantry chapel inclosed with lattice or screen work.
KAGU,A singular, crested, grallatorial bird (Rhinochetos jubatus),native of New
Caledonia. It is gray above, paler beneath, and thefeathers of the wings and tail
are handsomely barred with brown,black, and gray. It is allied to the sun bittern.
KAGUAN,The colugo.
KAHANI,A kind of notary public, or attorney, in the Levant.
KAHAU,A long-nosed monkey (Semnopithecus nasalis), native of Borneo.The general
color of the body is bright chestnut, with the underparts, shoulders, and sides of
the head, golden yellow, and the topof the head and upper part of the back brown.
Called also proboscismonkey. [Written also kaha.]
KAIL,A kind of headless cabbage. Same as Kale, 1.
KAIMACAM,Same as Caimacam.
KAIN,Poultry, etc., required by the lease to be paid in kind by atenant to his
landlord. Wharton (Law Dict.).
KAINIT,Salts of potassium used in the manufacture of fertilizers.
KAINITE,A compound salt consisting chiefly of potassium chloride andmagnesium
sulphate, occurring at the Stassfurt salt mines in PrussianSaxony.
KAINOZOIC,See Cenozoic.
KAIQUE,See Caique.
KAIRINE,A pale buff or white crystalline alkaloid derived fromquinoline, and used
as an antipyretic in medicine.
KAIROLINE,An organic base obtained from quinoline. It is used as afebrifuge, and
resembles kairine.
KAISER,The ancient title of emperors of Germany assumed by KingWilliam of Prussia
when crowned sovereign of the new German empire in1871.
KAKA,A New Zealand parrot of the genus Nestor, especially the brownparrot (Nestor
meridionalis).
KAKAPO,A singular nocturnal parrot (Strigops habroptilus), native ofNew Zealand. It
lives in holes during the day, but is active atnight. It resembles an owl in its
colors and general appearance. Ithas large wings, but can fly only a short
distance. Called also owlparrot, night parrot, and night kaka.
KAKARALLI,A kind of wood common in Demerara, durable in salt water,because not
subject to the depredations of the sea worm and barnacle.
KAKISTOCRACY,Government by the worst men.
KAKOXENE,See Cacoxene.
KALAN,The sea otter.
KALASIE,A long-tailed monkey of Borneo (Semnopithecus rubicundus). Ithas a tuft of
long hair on the head.
KALE,A variety of cabbage in which the leaves do not form a head,being nearly the
original or wild form of the species. [Written alsokail, and cale.]
KALEEGE,One of several species of large, crested, Asiatic pheasants,belonging to
the genus Euplocamus, and allied to the firebacks.
KALEIDOSCOPE,An instrument invented by Sir David Brewster, which containsloose
fragments of colored glass, etc., and reflecting surfaces soarranged that changes
of position exhibit its contents in an endlessvariety of beautiful colors and
symmetrical forms. It has been muchemployed in arts of design.Shifting like the
fragments of colored glass in the kaleidoscope. G.W. Cable.
KALENDAR,See Calendar.
KALENDARIAL,See Calendarial.
KALENDER,See 3d Calender.
KALENDS,Same as Calends.
KALI,The last and worst of the four ages of the world; -- consideredto have begun
B. C. 3102, and to last 432,000 years.
KALIF,See Caliph.
KALIFORM,Formed like kali, or glasswort.
KALIGENOUS,Forming alkalies with oxygen, as some metals.
KALIUM,Potassium; -- so called by the German chemists.
KALKI,The name of Vishnu in his tenth and last avatar. Whitworth.
KALMIA,A genus of North American shrubs with poisonous evergreenfoliage and corymbs
of showy flowers. Called also mountain laurel,ivy bush, lamb kill, calico bush,
etc.
KALMUCK,See Calmucks.
KALONG,A fruit bat, esp. the Indian edible fruit bat (Pteropusedulis).
KALOYER,See Caloyer.
KALPA,One of the Brahmanic eons, a period of 4,320,000,000 years. Atthe end of each
Kalpa the world is annihilated.
KALSOMINE,Same as Calcimine.
KAM,Crooked; awry. [Obs.] "This is clean kam." Shak.
KAMA,The Hindoo Cupid. He is represented as a beautiful youth, witha bow of sugar
cane or flowers.
KAMALA,The red dusty hairs of the capsules of an East Indian tree(Mallotus
Philippinensis) used for dyeing silk. It is violentlyemetic, and is used in the
treatment of tapeworm. [Written alsokameela.]
KAME,A low ridge. [Scot.] See Eschar.
KAMI,A title given to the celestial gods of the first mythicaldynasty of Japan and
extended to the demigods of the second dynasty,and then to the long line of
spiritual princes still represented bythe mikado.
KAMICHI,A curious South American bird (Anhima, or Palamedea, cornuta),often
domesticated by the natives and kept with poultry, which itdefends against birds of
prey. It has a long, slender, hornlikeornament on its head, and two sharp spurs on
each wing. Although itsbeak, feet, and legs resemble those of gallinaceous birds,
it isrelated in anatomical characters to the ducks and geese (Anseres).Called also
horned screamer. The name is sometimes applied also tothe chaja. See Chaja, and
Screamer.
KAMPTULICON,A kind of elastic floor cloth, made of India rubber, gutta-percha,
linseed oil, and powdered cork.
KAMPYLITE,A variety of mimetite or arseniate of lead in hexagonal prismsof a fine
orange yellow. [Written also campylite.]
KAMTSCHADALES,An aboriginal tribe inhabiting the southern part ofKamtschatka.
KAN,To know; to ken. [Obs.] See Ken.
KANCHIL,A small chevrotain of the genus Tragulus, esp. T. pygmæus, orT. kanchil,
inhabiting Java, Sumatra, and adjacent islands; adeerlet. It is noted for its
agility and cunning.
KAND,Fluor spar; -- so called by Cornish miners.
KANGAROO,Any one of numerous species of jumping marsupials of the
familyMacropodidæ. They inhabit Australia, New Guinea, and adjacentislands, They
have long and strong hind legs and a large tail, whilethe fore legs are
comparatively short and feeble. The giant kangaroo(Macropus major) is the largest
species, sometimes becoming twelve orfourteen feet in total length. The tree
kangaroos, belonging to thegenus Dendrolagus, live in trees; the rock kangaroos, of
the genusPetrogale, inhabit rocky situations; and the brush kangaroos, of thegenus
Halmaturus, inhabit wooded districts. See Wallaby.
KANSAS,A tribe of Indians allied to the Winnebagoes and Osages. Theyformerly
inhabited the region which is now the State of Kansas, butwere removed to the
Indian Territory.
KANTIAN,Of or pertaining to Immanuel Kant, the German philosopher;conformed or
relating to any or all of the philosophical doctrines ofImmanuel Kant.
KANTIST,A disciple or follower of Kant.
KANTTRY,Same as Cantred.
KAOLINIZATION,The process by which feldspar is changed into kaolin.
KAOLINIZE,To convert into kaolin.
KAPELLE,A chapel; hence, the choir or orchestra of a prince's chapel;now, a musical
establishment, usually orchestral. Grove.
KAPELLMEISTER,See Capellmeister.
KAPIA,The fossil resin of the kauri tree of New Zealand.
KAPNOMAR,) See Capnomor.
KAPOK,A silky wool derived from the seeds of Ceiba pentandra (syn.Eriodendron
anfractuosum), a bombaceous tree of the East and WestIndies.
KARAGANE,A species of gray fox found in Russia.
KARAISM,Doctrines of the Karaites.
KARAITE,A sect of Jews who adhere closely to the letter of theScriptures, rejecting
the oral law, and allowing the Talmud nobinding authority; -- opposed to the
Rabbinists.
KARAKUL,Astrakhan, esp. in fine grades. Cf. Caracul.
KARATAS,A West Indian plant of the Pineapple family (NidulariumKaratas).
KARMA,One's acts considered as fixing one's lot in the futureexistence. (Theos.)
The doctrine of fate as the inflexible result ofcause and effect; the theory of
inevitable consequence.
KARMATHIAN,One of a Mohammedan sect founded in the ninth century byKarmat.
KARN,A pile of rocks; sometimes, the solid rock. See Cairn.
KAROB,The twenty-fourth part of a grain; -- a weight used bygoldsmiths. Crabb.
KAROSS,A native garment or rug of skin sewed together in the form of asquare.
[South Africa]
KARPHOLITE,A fibrous mineral occurring in tufts of a straw-yellow color.It is a
hydrous silicate of alumina and manganese.
KARROO,One of the dry table-lands of South Africa, which often riseterracelike to
considerable elevations. [Also karoo.] The GreatKarroo, or The Karroo, a vast
plateau, in Cape Colony, stretchingthrough five degrees of longitude, at an
elevation of about 3,000feet.
KARSTENITE,Same as Anhydrite.
KARVEL,See Carvel, and Caravel.
KARYOKINESIS,The indirect division of cells in which, prior to division ofthe cell
protoplasm, complicated changes take place in the nucleus,attended with movement of
the nuclear fibrils; -- opposed tokaryostenosis. The nucleus becomes enlarged and
convoluted, andfinally the threads are separated into two groups which
ultimatelybecome disconnected and constitute the daughter nuclei. Called
alsomitosis. See Cell development, under Cell.
KARYOKINETIC,Of or pertaining to karyokinesis; as, karyokinetic changes ofcell
division.
KARYOMITON,The reticular network of fine fibers, of which the nucleus of acell is
in part composed; -- in opposition to kytomiton, or thenetwork in the body of the
cell. W. Flemming.
KARYOPLASMA,The protoplasmic substance of the nucleus of a cell:nucleoplasm; -- in
opposition to kytoplasma, the protoplasm of thecell.
KARYOSTENOSIS,Direct cell division (in which there is first a simple divisionof the
nucleus, without any changes in its structure, followed bydivision of the
protoplasm of the karyostenotic mode of nucleardivision.
KARYOSTENOTIC,Pertaining to, or connected with, karyostenosis; as, thekaryostenotic
mode of nuclear division.
KASACK,Same as Cossack.
KAT,An Arabian shrub Catha edulis) the leaves of which are used astea by the Arabs.
KATABOLIC,Of or pertaining to katabolism; as, katabolic processes, whichgive rise
to substances (katastates) of decreasing complexity andincreasing stability.
KATABOLISM,Destructive or downward metabolism; regressive metamorphism; --opposed
to anabolism. See Disassimilation.
KATASTATE,(Physiol.) A substance formed by a katabolic process; --opposed to
anastate. See Katabolic.
KATE,The brambling finch.
KATHETAL,Making a right angle; perpendicular, as two lines or two sidesof a
triangle, which include a right angle.
KATHETOMETER,Same as Cathetometer.
KATTIMUNDOO,A caoutchouc like substance obtained from the milky juice ofthe East
Indian Euphorbia Kattimundoo. It is used as a cement.
KATYDID,A large, green, arboreal, orthopterous insect (Cyrtophyllusconcavus) of the
family Locustidæ, common in the United States. Themales have stridulating organs at
the bases of the front wings.During the summer and autumn, in the evening, the
males make apeculiar, loud, shrill sound, resembling the combination Katy-
did,whence the name.
KAURI,A lofty coniferous tree of New Zealand Agathis, or Dammara,australis),
furnishing valuable timber and yielding one kind ofdammar resin. [Written also
kaudi, cowdie, and cowrie.]
KAVA,A species of Macropiper (M. methysticum), the long pepper, fromthe root of
which an intoxicating beverage is made by thePolynesians, by a process of
mastication; also, the beverage itself.[Written also kawa, kava, and ava.]
KAVASS,An armed constable; also, a government servant or courier.[Turkey]
KAW,See Caw.
KAWAKA,a New Zealand tree, the Cypress cedar (Libocedrus Doniana),having a
valuable, fine-grained, reddish wood.
KAWN,A inn. [Turkey] See Khan.
KAYAK,A light canoe, made of skins stretched over a frame, andusually capable of
carrying but one person, who sits amidships anduses a double-bladed paddle. It is
peculiar to the Eskimos and otherArctic tribes.
KAYAKER,One who uses a kayak.
KAYKO,The dog salmon.
KAYLES,A game; ninepins. [Prov Eng.] Carew.
KAYNARD,A lazy or cowardly person; a rascal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KAZOO,A kind of toy or rude musical instrument, as a tube inside ofwhich is a
stretched string made to vibrate by singing or humminginto the tube.
KEA,A large New Zealand parrot (Nestor notabilis), notorious forhaving acquired the
habit of killing sheep; -- called also mountainparrot.
KECK,To heave or to retch, as in an effort to vomit. [R.] Swift.
KECKLE,See Keck, v. i. & n.
KECKLING,Old rope or iron chains wound around a cable. See Keckle, v. t.
KECKLISH,Inclined to vomit; squeamish. [R.] Holland.
KECKSY,The hollow stalk of an umbelliferous plant, such as the cowparsnip or the
hemlock. [Written also kex, and in pl., kecks, kaxes.]Nothing teems But hateful
docks, rough thistles, kecksies, burs.Shak.
KECKY,Resembling a kecksy. Grew.
KEDDAH,An inclosure constructed to entrap wild elephants; an elephanttrap. [India]
KEDGE,To move (a vessel) by carrying out a kedge in a boat, droppingit overboard,
and hauling the vessel up to it.
KEDGER,A small anchor; a kedge.
KEDLOCK,See Charlock.
KEE,See Kie, Ky, and Kine. [Prov. Eng.] Gay.
KEECH,A mass or lump of fat rolled up by the butcher. [Obs.] Shak.
KEEL,To cool; to akin or stir [Obs.]While greasy Joan doth keel the pot. Shak.
KEELAGE,The right of demanding a duty or toll for a ship entering aport; also, the
duty or toll. Bouvier. Wharton.
KEELED,Keel-shaped; having a longitudinal prominence on the back; as,a keeled leaf.
KEELFAT,A cooler; a vat for cooling wort, etc. [Written also keelvat.]Johnson.
KEELHAUL,To haul under the keel of a ship, by ropes attached to theyardarms on each
side. It was formerly practiced as a punishment inthe Dutch and English navies.
Totten.
KEELING,A cod.
KEELIVINE,A pencil of black or red lead; -- called also keelyvine pen.[Scot.] Sir
W. Scott.
KEELMAN,See Keeler,
KEELRAKE,Same as Keelhaul.
KEELS,Ninepins. See Kayles.
KEELSON,A piece of timber in a ship laid on the middle of the floortimbers over the
keel, and binding the floor timbers to the keel; iniron vessels, a structure of
plates, situated like the keelson of atimber ship. Cross keelson, a similar
structure lying athwart themain keelson, to support the engines and boilers.
KEELVAT,See Keelfat.
KEEN,To sharpen; to make cold. [R.]Cold winter keens the brightening flood.
Thomson.
KEENER,A professional mourner who wails at a funeral. [Ireland]
KEENLY,In a keen manner.
KEENNESS,The quality or state of being keen.
KEEP,A cap for retaining anything, as a journal box, in place. Totake keep, to take
care; to heed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KEEPERSHIP,The office or position of a keeper. Carew.
KEEPING,Harmony or correspondence between the different parts of a workof art; as,
the foreground of this painting is not in keeping.Keeping room, a family sitting
room. [New Eng. & Prov. Eng.]
KEEPSAKE,Anything kept, or given to be kept, for the sake of the giver;a token of
friendship.
KEESH,See Kish.
KEEVE,A vat or tub in which the mash is made; a mash tub. Ure.
KEEVER,See Keeve, n.
KEFFE-KIL,See Kiefekil.
KEFIR GRAINS,Small hard yellowish aggregations found in the Caucasus region,and
containing various yeasts and bacteria. They are used as aferment in preparing
kefir.
KEFIR,An effervescent liquor like kumiss, made from fermented milk,used as a food
and as a medicine in the northern Caucasus. --Ke*fir"ic (#), a.
KEG,A small cask or barrel.
KEILHAUITE,A mineral of a brownish black color, related to titanite inform. It
consists chiefly of silica, titanium dioxide, lime, andyttria.
KEIR,See Kier.
KEITLOA,A black, two-horned, African rhinoceros (Atelodus keitloa). Ithas the
posterior horn about as long as the anterior one, or evenlonger.
KELD,Having a kell or covering; webbed. [Obs.] Drayton.
KELE,To cool. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KELL,A kiln. [Obs.]
KELOID,Applied to a variety of tumor forming hard, flat, irregularexcrescences upon
the skin.-- n.
KELOTOMY,See Celotomy.
KELP,Any large blackish seaweed.
KELPFISH,A small California food fish (Heterostichus rostratus), livingamong kelp.
The name is also applied to species of the genusPlatyglossus.
KELPWARE,Same as Kelp, 2.
KELSON,See Keelson. Sir W. Raleigh.
KELT,See Kilt, n. Jamieson.
KELTER,Regular order or proper condition. [Written also kilter.][Colloq.]If the
organs of prayer be out of kelter or out of tune, how can wepray Barrow.
KELTIC,Same as Celtic, a. & n.
KEMB,To comb. [Obs.]His longe hair was kembed behind his back. Chaucer.
KEMELIN,A tub; a brewer's vessel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KEMPE,Rough; shaggy. [Obs.] "Kempe hairs." Chaucer.
KEMPS,The long flower stems of the ribwort plantain (PlantagoLanceolata). Dr.
Prior.
KEMPT,p. p. of Kemb. B. Jonson.
KEN,A house; esp., one which is a resort for thieves. [Slang, Eng.]
KENNEL COAL,. See Cannel coal.
KENNEL,The water course of a street; a little canal or channel; agutter; also, a
puddle. Bp. Hall.
KENO,A gambling game, a variety of the game of lotto, played withballs or knobs,
numbered, and cards also numbered. [U. S.]
KENOGENESIS,Modified evolution, in which nonprimitive characters make
theirappearance in consequence of a secondary adaptation of the embryo tothe
peculiar conditions of its environment; -- distinguished frompalingenesis. [Written
also cænogenesis.]
KENOGENETIC,Of or pertaining to kenogenesis; as, kenogenetic processes.--
Ken`o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
KENSPECKLE,Having so marked an appearance as easily to be recognized.[Scot.]
KENT BUGLE,A curved bugle, having six finger keys or stops, by means ofwhich the
performer can play upon every key in the musical scale; --called also keyed bugle,
and key bugle. Moore.
KENTLE,A hundred weight; a quintal.
KENTLEDGE,Pigs of iron used for ballast. [Written also kintlidge.]
KENTUCKY,One of the United States. Kentucky blue grass (Bot.), avaluable pasture
and meadow grass (Poa pratensis), found in bothEurope and America. See under Blue
grass.-- Kentucky coffee tree (Bot.), a tall North American tree(Gymnocladus
Canadensis) with bipinnate leaves. It produces largewoody pods containing a few
seeds which have been used as asubstitute for coffee. The timber is a very
valuable.
KEPHALIN,One of a group of nitrogenous phosphorized principles, supposedby
Thudichum to exist in brain tissue.
KEPI,A military cap having a close-fitting band, a round flat topsloping toward the
front, and a visor. As originally worn by theFrench in Algeria about 1830 it was
tall and stiff with a straightvisor. It is now lower, has a curved visor, and is
frequently soft.
KEPT,of Keep. Kept mistress, a concubine; a woman supported by a manas his
paramour.
KEPVISELOHAZ,See Legislature.
KERAMIC,Same as Ceramic.
KERAMICS,Same as Ceramics.
KERAMOGRAPHIC,Suitable to be written upon; capable of being written upon, asa
slate; -- said especially of a certain kind of globe. Scudamore.
KERANA,A kind of long trumpet, used among the Persians. Moore (Encyc.of Music).
KERARGYRITE,See Cerargyrite.
KERASIN,A nitrogenous substance free from phosphorus, supposed to bepresent in the
brain; a body closely related to cerebrin.
KERASINE,Resembling horn; horny; corneous.
KERATIN,A nitrogenous substance, or mixture of substances, containingsulphur in a
loose state of combination, and forming the chemicalbasis of epidermal tissues,
such as horn, hair, feathers, and thelike. It is an insoluble substance, and,
unlike elastin, is notdissolved even by gastric or pancreatic juice. By
decomposition withsulphuric acid it yields leucin and tyrosin, as does albumin.
Calledalso epidermose.
KERATITIS,Inflammation of the cornea.
KERATODE,See Keratose.
KERATOGENOUS,Producing horn; as, the keratogenous membrane within the hornyhoof of
the horse.
KERATOIDEA,Same as Keratosa.
KERATOME,An instrument for dividing the cornea in operations forcataract.
KERATONYXIS,The operation of removing a cataract by thrusting a needlethrough the
cornea of the eye, and breaking up the opaque mass.
KERATOPHYTE,A gorgonian coral having a horny axis.
KERATOSA,An order of sponges having a skeleton composed of hornlikefibers. It
includes the commercial sponges.
KERATOSE,A tough, horny animal substance entering into the compositionof the
skeleton of sponges, and other invertebrates; -- called alsokeratode.
KERAUNOGRAPH,A figure or picture impressed by lightning upon the human bodyor
elsewhere.-- Ker`au-nog"ra-phy, n.
KERB,See Curb.
KERBSTONE,See Curbstone.
KERCHER,A kerchief. [Obs.]He became . . . white as a kercher. Sir T. North.
KERCHERED,Covered, or bound round, with a kercher. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
KERCHIEF,Dressed; hooded; covered; wearing a kerchief. Milton.
KERF,A notch, channel, or slit made in any material by cutting orsawing.
KERITE,A compound in which tar or asphaltum combined with animal orvegetable oils
is vulcanized by sulphur, the product closelyresembling rubber; -- used principally
as an insulating material intelegraphy. Knight.
KERL,See Carl.
KERMES,The dried bodies of the females of a scale insect (Coccusilicis), allied to
the cochineal insect, and found on several speciesof oak near the Mediterranean.
They are round, about the size of apea, contain coloring matter analogous to
carmine, and are used indyeing. They were anciently thought to be of a vegetable
nature, andwere used in medicine. [Written also chermes.]
KERMESSE,See Kirmess.
KERN BABY,A doll or image decorated with corn (grain) flowers, etc.,carried in the
festivals of a kern, or harvest-home. Called alsoharvest queen.
KERN,An idler; a vagabond. Wharton.
KERNED,Having part of the face projecting beyond the body or shank; --said of type.
"In Roman, f and j are the only kerned letters."MacKellar.
KERNEL,To harden or ripen into kernels; to produce kernels.
KERNELLY,Full of kernels; resembling kernels; of the nature of kernels.Holland.
KERNISH,Clownish; booorish. [Obs.] "A petty kernish prince." Milton.
KEROLITE,Same as Cerolite.
KEROSENE,An oil used for illuminating purposes, formerly obtained fromthe
distillation of mineral wax, bituminous shale, etc., and hencecalled also coal oil.
It is now produced in immense quantities,chiefly by the distillation and
purification of petroleum. Itconsists chiefly of several hydrocarbons of the
methane series.
KERSEY,A kind of coarse, woolen cloth, usually ribbed, woven from woolof long
staple.
KERSEYMERE,See Cassimere.
KERSEYNETTE,See Cassinette.
KERSEYS,Varieties of kersey; also, trousers made of kersey.
KERVE,To carve. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KERVER,A carver. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KESAR,See Kaiser [Obs.] Spenser.
KESLOP,The stomach of a calf, prepared for rennet. Halliwell.
KESS,To kiss. [Obs.] Chaucer
KEST,of Cast. [Obs.]
KESTREL,A small, slender European hawk (Falco alaudarius), allied tothe sparrow
hawk. Its color is reddish fawn, streaked and spottedwith white and black. Also
called windhover and stannel. The name isalso applied to other allied species.
KET,Carrion; any filth. [Prob. Eng.] Halliwell.
KETA,A small salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) of inferior value, which inthe autumn runs
up all the larger rivers between San Francisco andKamchatka.
KETCH,An almost obsolete form of vessel, with a mainmast and amizzenmast, --
usually from one hundred to two hundred and fifty tonsburden. Bomb ketch. See under
Bomb.
KETCHUP,A sauce. See Catchup.
KETINE,One of a series of organic bases obtained by the reduction ofcertain
isonitroso compounds of the ketones. In general they areunstable oily substances
having a pungent aromatic odor.
KETMIE,The name of certain African species of Hibiscus, cultivated forthe acid of
their mucilage. [Written also ketmia.]
KETOL,One of a series of series of complex nitrogenous substances,represented by
methyl ketol and related to indol. Methyl ketol, aweak organic base, obtained as a
white crystalline substance havingthe odor of fæces.
KETONE,One of a large class of organic substances resembling thealdehydes, obtained
by the distillation of certain salts of organicacids and consisting of carbonyl
(CO) united with two hydrocarbonradicals. In general the ketones are colorless
volatile liquidshaving a pungent ethereal odor.
KETONIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, a ketone; as, a ketonic acid.
KETTLE,A metallic vessel, with a wide mouth, often without a cover,used for heating
and boiling water or other liguids. Kettle pins,ninepins; skittles. [Obs.]
Shelton.-- Kettle stitch (Bookbinding), the stitch made in sewing at thehead and
tail of a book. Knight.
KETTLEDRUM,A drum made of thin copper in the form of a hemisphericalkettle, with
parchment stretched over the mouth of it.
KETTLEDRUMMER,One who plays on a kettledrum.
KEUPER,The upper division of the European Triassic. See Chart ofGeology.
KEVEL,A strong cleat to which large ropes are belayed.
KEVER,i. To cover. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KEVERCHIEF,A kerchief. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KEX,A weed; a kecksy. Bp. Gauden.Though the rough kex break The starred mosaic.
Tennyson.
KEY FRUIT,A samara.
KEY TONE,See Keynote.
KEY,An indehiscent, one-seeded fruit furnished with a wing, as thefruit of the ash
and maple; a samara; -- called also key fruit.
KEY-COLD,Cold as a metallic key; lifeless. [Formerly, a proverbialexpression.]
Shak. Milton.
KEYAGE,Wharfage; quayage.
KEYBOARD,The whole arrangement, or one range, of the keys of an organ,typewriter,
etc.
KEYED,Furnished with keys; as, a keyed instrument; also, set to akey, as a tune.
Keyed bugle. See Kent bugle.
KEYNOTE,The tonic or first tone of the scale in which a piece orpassage is written;
the fundamental tone of the chord, to which allthe modulations of the piece are
referred; -- called also key tone.
KEYSEAT,To form a key seat, as by cutting. See Key seat, under Key.
KEYSTONE STATE,Pennsylvania; -- a nickname alluding to its having been thecentral
one of the 13 original United States.
KEYSTONE,The central or topmost stone of an arch. This in some styles ismade
different in size from the other voussoirs, or projects, or isdecorated with
carving. See Illust. of Arch. Keystone State, theState of Pennsylvania; -- so
called from its having been the centralState of the Union at the formation of the
Constitution.
KEYWAY,See Key way, under Key.
KHAKI,Of a dull brownish yellow, or drab color; -- applied to cloth,originally to a
stout brownish cotton cloth, used in making uniformsin the Anglo-Indian army. In
the United States service the summeruniform of cotton is officially designated
khaki; the winter uniformof wool, olive drab.
KHALIFF,See Caliph.
KHAMSIN,Same as Kamsin.
KHAN,A king; a prince; a chief; a governor; -- so called among theTartars, Turks,
and Persians, and in countries now or formerlygoverned by them.
KHANATE,Dominion or jurisdiction of a khan.
KHAYA,A lofty West African tree (Khaya Senegalensis), related to themahogany, which
it resembles in the quality of the wood. The bark isused as a febrifuge.
KHEDIVE,A governor or viceroy; -- a title granted in 1867 by the sultanof Turkey to
the ruler of Egypt.
KHENNA,See Henna.
KHOLAH,The Indian jackal.
KHOLSUN,The dhole.
KHOND,A Dravidian of a group of tribes of Orissa, India, a section ofwhom were
formerly noted for their cruel human sacrifices to theearth goddess, murder of
female infants, and marriage by capture.
KHUTBAH,An address or public prayer read from the steps of the pulpitin Mohammedan
mosques, offering glory to God, praising Mohammed andhis descendants, and the
ruling princes.
KIABOOCA WOOD,. See Kyaboca wood.
KIANG,The dziggetai.
KIBBLE,To bruise; to grind coarsely; as, kibbled oats. [Prov.Eng.]Halliwell.
KIBBLINGS,Portions of small fish used for bait on the banks ofNewfoundland.
KIBE,A chap or crack in the flesh occasioned by cold; an ulceratedchilblain. "He
galls his kibe." Shak.
KIBED,Chapped; cracked with cold; affected with chilblains; as kibedheels. Beau. &
Fl.
KIBLAH,See Keblah.
KIBY,Affected with kibes. Skelton.
KICHIL,,. [Obs.] See Kechil. Chaucer.
KICK,To strike, thrust, or hit violently with the foot; as, a horsekicks a groom; a
man kicks a dog.He [Frederick the Great] kicked the shins of his judges.
Macaulay.To kick the beam, to fit up and strike the beam; -- said of thelighter arm
of a loaded balance; hence, to be found wanting inweight. Milton.-- To kick the
bucket, to lose one's life; to die. [Colloq. & Low]
KICKABLE,Capable or deserving of being kicked. "A kickable boy." G.Eliot.
KICKAPOOS,A tribe of Indians which formerly occupied the region ofNorthern
Illinois, allied in language to the Sacs and Foxes.
KICKER,One who, or that which, kicks.
KICKSHAW,See Kickshaws, the correct singular.
KICKSHOE,A kickshaws. Milton.
KICKSY-WICKSY,Fantastic; restless; as, kicksy-wicksy flames. Nares.
KICKUP,The water thrush or accentor. [Local, West Indies]
KID,A young goat.The . . . leopard shall lie down with the kid. Is. xi. 6.
KIDDE,of Kythe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KIDDERMINSTER,A kind of ingrain carpeting, named from the English town
whereformerly most of it was manufactured.
KIDDIER,A huckster; a cadger. [Obs.] Halliwell.
KIDDLE,A kind of basketwork wear in a river, for catching fish.[Improperly spelled
kittle.]
KIDDOW,The guillemot. [Written also kiddaw.] [Prov. Eng.]
KIDDY,To deceive; to outwit; to hoax. [Slang] Dickens.
KIDDYISH,Frolicsome; sportive. [Slang]
KIDLING,A young kid.
KIDNAP,To take (any one) by force or fear, and against one's will,with intent to
carry to another place. Abbott.You may reason or expostulate with the parents, but
never attempt tokidnap their children, and to make proselytes of them. Whately.
KIDNEY,A glandular organ which excretes urea and other waste productsfrom the
animal body; a urinary gland.
KIE,Kine; cows. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
KIEFEKIL,A species of clay; meerschaum. [Also written keffekil.]
KIER,A large tub or vat in which goods are subjected to the actionof hot lye or
bleaching liquor; -- also called keeve.
KIESELGUHR,Siliceous earth; specifically, porous infusorial earth, used asan
absorbent of nitroglycerin in the manufacture of dynamite.
KIESERITE,Hydrous sulphate of magnesia found at the salt mines ofStassfurt,
Prussian Saxony.
KIEVE,See Keeve, n.
KIKE,To gaze; to stare. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KILDERKIN,A small barrel; an old liquid measure containing eighteenEnglish beer
gallons, or nearly twenty-two gallons, United Statesmeasure. [Written also
kinderkin.]
KILERG,A unit of work equal to one thousand ergs.
KILKENNY CATS,Two cats fabled, in an Irish story, to have fought till nothingwas
left but their tails. It is probably a parable of a local contestbetween Kilkenny
and Irishtown, which impoverished both towns.
KILL,A kiln. [Obs.] Fuller.
KILL-JOY,One who causes gloom or grief; a dispiriting person. W. Black.
KILLER,A voracious, toothed whale of the genus Orca, of which severalspecies are
known.
KILLIFISH,Any one of several small American cyprinodont fishes of thegenus Fundulus
and allied genera. They live equally well in fresh andbrackish water, or even in
the sea. They are usually striped orbarred with black. Called also minnow, and
brook fish. See Minnow.
KILLIGREW,The Cornish chough. See under Chough. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
KILLIKINICK,See Kinnikinic.
KILLING,Literally, that kills; having power to kill; fatal; in acolloquial sense,
conquering; captivating; irresistible.-- Kill"ing*ly, adv.Those eyes are made so
killing. Pope.Nothing could be more killingly spoken. Milton.
KILLOCK,A small anchor; also, a kind of anchor formed by a stoneinclosed by pieces
of wood fastened together. [Written also killick.]
KILLOW,An earth of a blackish or deep blue color. Woodward.
KILN-DRY,To dry in a kiln; as, to kiln-dry meal or grain. Mortimer.
KILNHOLE,The mouth or opening of an oven or kiln. Shak.
KILO,An abbreviation of Kilogram.
KILO-,A combining form used to signify thousand in forming the namesof units of
measurement; as, kilogram, kilometer, kilowatt, etc.
KILOSTERE,A cubic measure containing 1000 cubic meters, and equivalent to35,315
cubic feet.
KILOVOLT,A unit of electromotive force equal to one thousand volts.
KILOWATT HOUR,A unit of work or energy equal to that done by one kilowattacting for
one hour; --approx. = 1.34 horse-power hour.
KILOWATT,One thousand watts.
KILT,p. p. from Kill. [Obs.] Spenser.
KILTER,See Kelter.
KILTING,A perpendicular arrangement of flat, single plaits, each plaitbeing folded
so as to cover half the breadth of the preceding one.
KIMBO,Crooked; arched; bent. [Written also kimbow.] Dryden.
KIMMERIAN,See Cimmerian.
KIMNEL,A tub. See Kemelin. [Obs.]She knew not what a kimnel was Beau. & Fl.
KIMRY,See Cymry.
KIN,A diminutive suffix; as, manikin; lambkin.
KINAESODIC,Kinesodic.
KINAESTHESIS,The perception attendant upon the movements of the muscles.Bastian.
KINATE,See Quinate. [Obsolescent]
KINCOB,India silk brocaded with flowers in silver or gold.-- a.
KIND,To beget. [Obs.] Spenser.
KIND-HEARTED,Having kindness of nature; sympathetic; characterized by ahumane
disposition; as, a kind-hearted landlord.To thy self at least kind-hearted prove.
Shak.
KIND-HEARTEDNESS,The state or quality of being kind-hearted; benevolence.
KINDERGARTEN,A school for young children, conducted on the theory thateducation
should be begun by gratifying and cultivating the normalaptitude for exercise,
play, observation, imitation, andconstruction; -- a name given by Friedrich
Froebel, a Germaneducator, who introduced this method of training, in rooms opening
ona garden.
KINDERGARTNER,One who teaches in a kindergarten.
KINDLE,To bring forth young. [Obs.] Shak.The poor beast had but lately kindled.
Holland.
KINDLER,One who, or that which, kindles, stirs up, or sets onfire."Kindlers of
riot." Gay.
KINDLESS,Destitute of kindness; unnatural.[Obs.] "Kindless villain."Shak.
KINDLING,Materials, easily lighted, for starting a fire.
KINDRED,Related; congenial; of the like nature or properties; as,kindred souls;
kindred skies; kindred propositions.True to the kindred points of heaven and home.
Wordsworth.
KINE,Cows. "A herd of fifty or sixty kine." Milton.
KINEMATICS,The science which treats of motions considered in themselves,or apart
from their causes; the comparison and relation of motions.
KINEPOX,See Cowpox. Kin"e*scope (, n.
KINESIATRICS,A mode of treating disease by appropriate muscular movements; -- also
termed kinesitherapy, kinesipathy, lingism, and the movementcure.
KINESIPATHY,See Kinesiatrics.
KINESITHERAPY,See Kinesiatrics.
KINESODIC,Conveying motion; as; kinesodic substance; -- applied esp. tothe spinal
cord, because it is capable of conveying doth voluntaryand reflex motor impulses,
without itself being affected by motorimpulses applied to it directly.
KINETIC,Moving or causing motion; motory; active, as opposed to latent.Kinetic
energy. See Energy, n. 4.
KINETICS,See Dynamics.
KINETOGENESIS,An instrument for producing curves by the combination ofcircular
movements; -- called also kinescope.
KINETOPHONE,A machine combining a kinetoscope and a phonograph synchronizedso as to
reproduce a scene and its accompanying sounds.
KINETOSCOPE,A machine, for the production of animated pictures, in which afilm
carrying successive instantaneous views of a moving scenetravels uniformly through
the field of a magnifying glass. Theobserver sees each picture, momentarily,
through a slit in arevolving disk, and these glimpses, blended by persistence of
vision,give the impression of continuous motion.
KING CHARLES SPANIEL,A variety of small pet dogs, having, drooping ears, a
high,dome-shaped forehead, pug nose, large, prominent eyes, and long, wavyhair. The
color is usually black and tan.
KING,A Chinese musical instrument, consisting of resonant stones ormetal plates,
arranged according to their tones in a frame of wood,and struck with a hammer.
KING-POST,A member of a common form of truss, as a roof truss. It isstrictly a tie,
intended to prevent the sagging of the tiebeam in themiddle. If there are struts,
supporting the main rafters, they oftenbear upon the foot of the king-post. Called
also crown-post.
KINGBOLT,A vertical iron bolt, by which the forward axle and wheels of avehicle or
the trucks of a railroad car are connected with the otherparts.
KINGCRAFT,The craft of kings; the art of governing as a sovereign; royalpolicy.
Prescott.
KINGCUP,The common buttercup.
KINGDOMED,Having a kingdom or the dignity of a king; like a kingdom. [R.]"Twixt his
mental and his active parts, Kingdom'd Achilles incommotion rages And batters down
himself. Shak.
KINGFISHER,Any one of numerous species of birds constituting the familyAlcedinidæ.
Most of them feed upon fishes which they capture bydiving and seizing then with the
beak; others feed only uponreptiles, insects, etc. About one hundred and fifty
species areknown. They are found in nearly all parts of the world, but
areparticularly abundant in the East Indies.
KINGHOOD,The state of being a king; the attributes of a king; kingship.Gower.
KINGLESS,Having no king. F. Lieber.
KINGLET,Any one of several species of small singing birds of the genusRegulus and
family Sylviidæ.
KINGLIHOOD,King-liness. Tennyson.
KINGLINESS,The state or quality of being kingly.
KINGLING,Same as Kinglet, 1. Churchill.
KINGLY,Belonging to, suitable to, or becoming, a king; characteristicof,
resembling, a king; directed or administered by a king;monarchical; royal;
sovereign; regal; august; noble; grand. "Kinglymagnificence." Sir P. Sidney. "A
kingly government." Swift. "Thekingly couch." Shak.The kingliest kings are crowned
with thorn. G. Massey.Leave kingly backs to cope with kingly cares. Cowper.
KINGSHIP,The state, office, or dignity of a king; royalty. Landor.
KINGSTON METAL,. An alloy of tin, copper, and mercury, sometimes used for
thebearings and packings of machinery. McElrath.
KINGSTON VALVE,A conical valve, opening outward, to close the mouth of a pipewhich
passes through the side of a vessel below the water line.
KINGTRUSS,A truss, framed with a king-post; -- used in roofs, bridges,etc.
KINIC,See Quinic.
KINIT,A unit of force equal to the force which, acting for onesecond, will give a
pound a velocity of one foot per second; --proposed by J.D.Everett, an English
physicist.
KINK,To wind into a kink; to knot or twist spontaneously uponitself, as a rope or
thread.
KINKAJOU,A nocturnal carnivorous mammal (Cercoleptes caudivolvulus) ofSouth
America, about as large as a full-grown cat. It has aprehensile tail and lives in
trees. It is the only representative ofa distinct family (Cercoleptidæ) allied to
the raccoons. Called alsopotto, and honey bear.
KINKHAUST,Whooping cough. [Obs.or Prov. Eng.]
KINKLE,Same as 3d Kink.
KINNIKINIC,Prepared leaves or bark of certain plants; -- used by theIndians of the
Northwest for smoking, either mixed with tobacco or asa substitute for it. Also, a
plant so used, as the osier cornel(Cornus stolonijra), and the bearberry
(Arctostaphylus Uva-ursi).[Spelled also kinnickinnick and killikinick.]
KINO,The dark red dried juice of certain plants, used variously intanning, in
dyeing, and as an astringent in medicine.
KINOLOGY,That branch of physics which treats of the laws of motion, orof moving
bodies.
KINONE,See Quinone.
KINOYL,See Quinoyl.
KINREDE,Kindred. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KINSFOLK,Relatives; kindred; kin; persons of the same family or closelyor closely
related families.They sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintance. Luke ii.
44.
KINSHIP,Family relationship.
KINSMAN,A man of the same race or family; one related by blood.
KINSMANSHIP,Kinship. Thackeray.
KINSWOMAN,A female relative. Shak.
KINTLIDGE,See Kentledge.
KIOSK,A Turkish open summer house or pavilion, supported by pillars.
KIOWAYS,A tribe of Indians distantly related to the Shoshones. Theyformerly
inhabited the region about the head waters of the NorthPlatte.
KIP,The hide of a young or small beef creature, or leather madefrom it; kipskin.
Kip leather. See Kipskin.
KIPE,An osier basket used for catching fish. [Prov. Eng.]
KIPPER,A salmon after spawning.
KIPPERNUT,A name given to earthnuts of several kinds.
KIPSKIN,Leather prepared from the skin of young or small cattle,intermediate in
grade between calfskin and cowhide.
KIRK,A church or the church, in the various senses of the word;esp., the Church of
Scotland as distinguished from other reformedchurches, or from the Roman Catholic
Church. [Scot.] Jamieson.
KIRKED,Turned upward; bent. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
KIRKYARD,A churchyard. [Scot.]
KIRMESS,In Europe, particularly in Belgium and Holland, and outdoorfestival and
fair; in the United States, generally an indoorentertainment and fair combined.
KIRSCHWASSER,An alcoholic liquor, obtained by distilling the fermented juiceof the
small black cherry.
KIRSOME,Christian; christened. [Obs.]I am a true kirsome woman. Beau. & Fl.
KIRTLE,A garment varying in form and use at different times, and worndoth by men
and women.Wearing her Norman car, and her kirtle of blue. Longfellow.
KIRTLED,Wearing a kirtle. Byron.
KIRUMBO,A bird of Madagascar (Leptosomus discolor), the only livingtype of a family
allied to the rollers. It has a pair of loralplumes. The male is glossy green
above, with metallic reflections;the female is spotted with brown and black.
KISH,A workman's name for the graphite which forms incidentally iniron smelting.
KISMET,Destiny; fate. [Written also kismat.] [Oriental]
KISSER,One who kisses. Beau. & Fl.
KISSING BUG,Any one of several species of blood-sucking, venomous Hemipterathat
sometimes bite the lip or other parts of the human body, causingpainful sores, as
the cone-nose (Conorhinus sanguisuga). [U. S.]
KISSING STRINGS,Cap or bonnet strings made long to tie under the chin.
KISSINGCRUST,The portion of the upper crust of a loaf which has touchedanother loaf
in baking. Lamb.A massy fragment from the rich kissingcrust that hangs like a
frettedcornice from the upper half of the loaf. W. Howitt.
KIST,A chest; hence, a coffin. [Scot. & Prov. End.] Jamieson.Halliwell.
KISTVAEN,A Celtic monument, commonly known as a dolmen.
KIT,To cut. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KITCAT,A game played by striking with a stick small piece of wood,called a cat,
shaped like two coned united at their bases; tipcat.Cotton. Kitcat roll (Agric.), a
roller somewhat in the form of twocones set base to base. [Prov. Eng.]
KITCHEN MIDDENS,Relics of neolithic man found on the coast of Denmark,consisting of
shell mounds, some of which are ten feet high, onethousand feet long, and two
hundred feet wide. The name is appliedalso to similar mounds found on the American
coast from Canada toFlorida, made by the North American Indians.
KITCHEN,To furnish food to; to entertain with the fare of the kitchen.[Obs.] Shak.
KITCHEN-RY,The body of servants employed in the kitchen. [Obs.] Holland.
KITCHENER,A kitchen servant; a cook. Carlyle.
KITCHENETTE,A room combining a very small kitchen and a pantry, with thekitchen
conveniences compactly arranged, sometimes so that they foldup out of sight and
allow the kitchen to be made a part of theadjoining room by opening folding doors.
KITCHENMAID,A woman employed in the kitchen. Shak.
KITE,Any raptorial bird of the subfamily Milvinæ, of which manyspecies are known.
They have long wings, adapted for soaring, andusually a forked tail.
KITH,Acquaintance; kindred.And my near kith for sore me shend. W. Browne.The sage
of his kith and the hamlet. Longfellow.Kith and kin, kindred more or less remote.
KITHARA,See Cithara.
KITHE,See Kythe. Chaucer.
KITISH,Like or relating to a kite.
KITLING,A young kitten; a whelp. [Obs. or Scot.] B. Jonson.
KITTE,of Kit to cut. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KITTEL,See Kittle, v. t.
KITTEN,A young cat.
KITTENISH,Resembling a kitten; playful; as, a kittenish disposition.Richardson.
KITTIWAKE,A northern gull (Rissa tridactyla), inhabiting the coasts ofEurope and
America. It is white, with black tips to the wings, andhas but three toes.
KITTLE,To bring forth young, as a cat; to kitten; to litter. [Prov.Eng. & Scot.]
KITTLISH,Ticklish; kittle. Sir W. Scott.
KITTYSOL,The Chinese paper parasol.
KIVA,A large chamber built under, or in, the houses of a Pueblovillage, used as an
assembly room in religious rites or as a men'sdormitory. It is commonly lighted and
entered from an opening in theroof.
KIVE,A mash vat. See Keeve. [Obs.]
KIVER,To cover.-- n.
KJOEKKEN MOEDDINGS,See Kitchen middens.
KLAMATHS,A collective name for the Indians of several tribes formerlyliving along
the Klamath river, in California and Oregon, but nowrestricted to a reservation at
Klamath Lake; -- called also Clametsand Hamati.
KLEENEBOC,(Zoöl.) An antelope (Cerphalopus pygmæus), found in SouthAfrica. It is of
very small size, being but one foot high atshoulder. It is remarkable for its
activity, and for its mild andtimid disposition. Called also guevi, and pygmy
antelope.
KLEPTOMANIA,A propensity to steal, claimed to be irresistible. This doesnot
constitute legal irresponsibility. Wharton.
KLEPTOMANIAC,A person affected with kleptomania.
KLICK,See Click.
KLICKET,A small postern or gate in a palisade, for the passage ofsallying parties.
[Written also klinket.]
KLINKSTONE,See Clinkstone.
KLINOMETER,See Clinometer.
KLIPFISH,Dried cod, exported from Norway. [Written also clipfish.]
KLIPSPRINGER,A small, graceful South African antelope (Nanotragusoreotragus),
which, like the chamois, springs from one crag toanother with great agility; --
called also kainsi. [Written alsoklippspringer.]
KLOOF,A glen; a ravine closed at its upper end. [South Africa]
KLOPEMANIA,See Kleptomania.
KNABBLE,To bite or nibble. [Obs.]Horses will knabble at walls, and rats gnaw iron.
Sir T. Browne.
KNACK-KNEED,See Knock-kneed.
KNACKISH,Trickish; artful. [Obs.] -- Knack"ish*ness, n. [Obs.] Dr. H.More.
KNACKY,Having a knack; cunning; crafty; trickish. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]Halliwell.
KNAGGED,Full of knots; knaggy.
KNAGGY,Knotty; rough; figuratively, rough in temper. Fuller.-- Knag"gi*ness, n.
KNAP,A protuberance; a swelling; a knob; a button; hence, risingground; a summit.
See Knob, and Knop.The highest part and knap of the same island. Holland.
KNAPBOTTLE,The bladder campion (Silene inflata).
KNAPPISH,Snappish; peevish. [Obs.] Grafton.
KNAPPLE,To break off with an abrupt, sharp noise; to bite; to nibble.[Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]
KNAPPY,Having knaps; full of protuberances or humps; knobby. [Obs.]Huloet.
KNAPSACK,A case of canvas or leather, for carrying on the back asoldier's
necessaries, or the clothing, etc., of a traveler.And each one fills his knapsack
or his scrip With some rare thingthat on the field is found. Drayton.
KNAPWEED,The black centaury (Centaurea nigra); -- so called from theknoblike heads
of flowers. Called also bullweed.
KNAR,See Gnar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KNARL,A knot in wood. See Gnarl.
KNARLED,Knotted. See Gnarled.
KNARRED,Knotty; gnarled.The knarred and crooked cedar knees. Longfellow.
KNARRY,Knotty; gnarled. Chaucer.
KNAVERY,Roguish or mischievous tricks. Shak.
KNAVESHIP,A small due, in meal, established by usage, which is paid tothe under
miller. [Scot.]
KNAVESS,A knavish woman. Carlyle.
KNAVISHNESS,The quality or state of being knavish; knavery; dishonesty.
KNAW,See Gnaw. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
KNAWEL,A low, spreading weed (Scleranthus annuus), common in sandysoil.
KNEADABLE,That may be kneaded; capable of being worked into a mass.
KNEADER,One who kneads.
KNEADINGLY,In the manner of one kneading.
KNEBELITE,A mineral of a gray, red, brown, or green color, and glisteningluster. It
is a silicate of iron and manganese.
KNECK,The twisting of a rope or cable, as it is running out. [Eng.]
KNEE JERK,A jerk or kick produced by a blow or sudden strain upon thepatellar
tendon of the knee, which causes a sudden contraction of thequadriceps muscle.
KNEE,A piece of timber or metal formed with an angle somewhat in theshape of the
human knee when bent.
KNEE-CROOKING,Obsequious; fawning; cringing. "Knee-crooking knave." Shak.
KNEE-HIGH,Rising or reaching upward to the knees; as, the water is knee-high.
KNEEBRUSH,A tuft or brush of hair on the knees of some species ofantelopes and
other animals; -- chiefly used in the plural.
KNEECAP,The kneepan.
KNEED,Geniculated; forming an obtuse angle at the joints, like theknee when a
little bent; as, kneed grass.
KNEEJOINT,A toggle joint; -- so called because consisting of two piecesjointed to
each other end to end, making an angle like the knee whenbent.
KNEEJOINTED,Geniculate; kneed. See Kneed, a., 2.
KNEEL,To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimeswith down.And he
kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not thissin to their charge.
Acts vii. 60.As soon as you are dressed, kneel and say the Lord's Prayer.
Jer.Taylor.
KNEELER,A name given to certain catechumens and penitents who werepermitted to join
only in parts of church worship.
KNEELINGLY,In a kneeling position.
KNEEPAN,A roundish, flattened, sesamoid bone in the tendon in front ofthe knee
joint; the patella; the kneecap.
KNEEPIECE,A piece shaped like a knee; as, the kneepieces or ears of aboat.
KNELL,The stoke of a bell tolled at a funeral or at the death of aperson; a death
signal; a passing bell; hence, figuratively, awarning of, or a sound indicating,
the passing away of anything.The dead man's knell Is there scarce asked for who.
Shak.The curfew tolls the knell of parting day. Gray.
KNELT,of Kneel.
KNEW,of Know.
KNICKER,A small ball of clay, baked hard and oiled, used as a marble byboys in
playing. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.] Halliwell. Bartlett.
KNICKERBOCKER,A linsey-woolsey fabric having a rough knotted surface on theright
side; used for women's dresses.
KNICKERBOCKERS,The name for a style of short breeches; smallclothes.
KNICKKNACK,A trifle or toy; a bawble; a gewgaw.
KNICKKNACKATORY,A collection of knickknacks. Richardson.
KNICKKNACKERY,Knickknacks.
KNIFE SWITCH,A switch consisting of one or more knifelike pieces hinged atone end
and making contact near the other with flat gripping springs.
KNIFE,To prune with the knife.
KNIFEBOARD,A board on which knives are cleaned or polished.
KNIGHT BACHELOR,A knight of the most ancient, but lowest, order of Englishknights,
and not a member of any order of chivalry. See Bachelor, 4.
KNIGHT BANNERET,A knight who carried a banner, who possessed fiefs to a
greateramount than the knight bachelor, and who was obliged to serve in warwith a
greater number of attendants. The dignity was sometimesconferred by the sovereign
in person on the field of battle.
KNIGHT BARONET,See Baronet.
KNIGHT MARSHAL,An officer in the household of the British sovereign, who
hascognizance of transgressions within the royal household and verge,and of
contracts made there, a member of the household being one ofthe parties. Wharton.
KNIGHT SERVICE,A tenure of lands held by knights on condition of performingmilitary
service. See Chivalry, n., 4.
KNIGHT TEMPLAR,See Commandery, n., 3, and also Templar, n., 1 and 3.
KNIGHT,To dub or create (one) a knight; -- done in England by thesovereign only,
who taps the kneeling candidate with a sword, saying:Rise, Sir ---.A soldier, by
the honor-giving hand Of Cknighted in the field. Shak.
KNIGHT-ER-RATIC,Pertaining to a knight-errant or to knight-errantry. [R.]Quart.
Rev.
KNIGHT-ERRANT,A wandering knight; a knight who traveled in search ofadventures, for
the purpose of exhibiting military skill, prowess,and generosity.
KNIGHT-ERRANTRY,The character or actions of wandering knights; the practice
ofwandering in quest of adventures; chivalry; a quixotic or romanticadventure or
scheme.The rigid guardian [i. e., conscience] of a blameless heart Is weakwith rank
knight-erratries o'errun. Young.
KNIGHTAGE,To body of knights, taken collectively.
KNIGHTHEAD,A bollard timber. See under Bollard.
KNIGHTLESS,Unbecoming a knight. [Obs.] "Knightless guile." Spenser.
KNIGHTLINESS,The character or bearing suitable for a knight; chivalry.Spenser.
KNIGHTLY,Of or pertaining to a knight; becoming a knight; chivalrous;as, a knightly
combat; a knightly spirit.For knightly jousts and fierce encounters fit. Spenser.
[Excuses] full knightly without scorn. Tennyson.
KNIT,Union knitting; texture. Shak.
KNITBACK,The plant comfrey; -- so called from its use as a restorative.Dr. Prier.
KNITS,Small particles of ore. Raymond.
KNITSTER,A woman who knits. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
KNITTER,One who, or that which, knits, joins, or unites; a knittingmachine. Shak.
KNITTLE,See Nettles.
KNIVES,of Knife. See Knife.
KNOB,See Knop. Knob latch, a latch which can be operated by turninga knob, without
using a key.
KNOBBED,Containing knobs; full of knobs; ending in a nob. See Illust ofAntenna.The
horns of a roe deer of Greenland are pointed at the top, andknobbed or tuberous at
the bottom. Grew.
KNOBBER,See Knobbler.
KNOBBING,Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or projections.
KNOBBLER,The hart in its second year; a young deer. [Written alsoknobber.]
Halliwell.He has hallooed the hounds upon a velvet-headed knobbler. Sir W.Scott.
KNOBBLING FIRE,. A bloomery fire. See Bloomery.
KNOBKERRIE,A short club with a knobbed end used as a missile weapon byKafir and
other native tribes of South Africa.
KNOBSTICK,One who refuses to join, or withdraws from, a trades union.[Cant, Eng.]
KNOCK-KNEE,A condition in which the knees are bent in so as to touch eachother in
walking; inknee.
KNOCK-KNEED,Having the legs bent inward so that the knees touch in walking.[Written
also knack-kneed.]
KNOCK-OFF,That knocks off; of or pertaining to knocking off.
KNOCK-OUT DROPS,Drops of some drug put in one's drink to stupefy him forpurpose of
robbery, etc. [Slang, U. S.]
KNOCK-OUT,Act of knocking out, or state of being knocked out.
KNOCKDOWN,A felling by a knock, as of a combatant, or of an animal.
KNOCKER,One who, or that which, knocks; specifically, an instrument, orkind of
hammer, fastened to a door, to be used in seeking foradmittance.Shut, shut the
door, good John ! fatigued, knocker; say I'm sick, I'mdead. Pope.
KNOCKING,A beating; a rap; a series of raps.The . . . repeated knockings of the
head upon the ground by theChinese worshiper. H. Spencer.
KNOCKINGS,Large lumps picked out of the sieve, in dressing ore.
KNOCKSTONE,A block upon which ore is broken up.
KNOLL,A little round hill; a mound; a small elevation of earth; thetop or crown of
a hill.On knoll or hillock rears his crest, Lonely and huge, the giant oak.Sir W.
Scott.
KNOLLER,One who tolls a bell. [Obs.] Sherwood.
KNOP,Any boldly projecting sculptured ornament; esp., the ornamentaltermination of
a pinnacle, and then synonymous with finial; -- calledalso knob, and knosp. Knop
sedge (Bot.), the bur reed (Sparganium); -- so called from its globular clusters of
seed vessels. Prior.
KNOPPED,Having knops or knobs; fastened as with buttons. [Obs.] Rom. ofR.
KNOPPERN,A kind of gall produced by a gallfly on the cup of an acorn, --used in
tanning and dyeing.
KNOPWEED,Same as Knapweed.
KNOR,See Knur. [Obs.]
KNOSP,Same as Knop,2. Milman.
KNOT,See Node.
KNOTBERRY,The cloudberry (Rudus Chamæmorus); -- so called from itsknotted stems.
KNOTLESS,Free from knots; without knots. "Silver firs with knotlesstrunks."
Congreve.
KNOTTED,Characterized by small, detached points, chiefly composed ofmica, less
decomposable than the mass of the rock, and forming knotsin relief on the weathered
surface; as, knotted rocks. Percival.
KNOTWEED,See Knot.
KNOTWORT,A small, herbaceous, trailing plant, of the genus Illecebrum(I.
verticillatum.)
KNOUT,A kind of whip for flogging criminals, formerly much used inRussia. The last
is a tapering bundle of leather thongs twisted withwire and hardened, so that it
mangles the flesh.
KNOW,Knee. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KNOW-ALL,One who knows everything; hence, one who makes pretension togreat
knowledge; a wiseacre; -- usually ironical. [Colloq. or R.]
KNOW-NOTHING,A member of a secret political organization in the UnitedStates, the
chief objects of which were the proscription offoreigners by the repeal of the
naturalization laws, and theexclusive choice of native Americans for office.
KNOW-NOTHINGISM,The doctrines, principles, or practices, of the Know-nothings.
KNOWABLE,That may be known; capable of being discovered, understood,
orascertained.Thus mind and matter, as known or knowable, are only two
differentseries of phenomena or qualities. Sir W. Hamilton.
KNOWABLENESS,The state or quality of being knowable. Locke.
KNOWER,One who knows. Shak.
KNOWING,Knowledge; hence, experience. " In my knowing." Shak.This sore night Hath
trifled former knowings. Shak.
KNOWINGNESS,The state or quality of being knowing or intelligent;shrewdness;
skillfulness.
KNOWLECHE,See Knowl, edge.We consider and knowleche that we have offended. Chaucer.
KNOWLECHING,Knowledge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KNOWLEDGE,To acknowledge. [Obs.] "Sinners which knowledge their sins."Tyndale.
KNOWN,of Know.
KNUBS,Waste silk formed in winding off the threads from a cocoon.
KNUCKLE,The joining pars of a hinge through which the pin or rivetpasses; a knuckle
joint.
KNUCKLED,Jointed. [Obs.] Bacon.
KNUFF,A lout; a clown. [Obs.]The country knuffs, Hob, Dick, and Hick, With clubs
and cloutedshoon. Hayward.
KNUR,A knurl. Woodward.
KNURL,A contorted knot in wood; a crossgrained protuberance; anodule; a boss or
projection.
KNURLY,Full of knots; hard; tough; hence, capable of enduring orresisting much.
KNURRY,Full of knots. [Obs.] Drayton.
KOAITA,Same as Coaita.
KOALA,A tailless marsupial (Phascolarctos cinereus), found inAustralia. The female
carries her young on the back of her neck.Called also Australian bear, native bear,
and native sloth.
KOBALT,See Cobalt.
KOBELLITE,A blackish gray mineral, a sulphide of antimony, bismuth, andlead.
KOBOLD,A kind of domestic spirit in German mythology, corresponding tothe Scottish
brownie and the English Robin Goodfellow.
KODAK,A kind of portable camera.
KOEL,Any one of several species of cuckoos of the genus Eudynamys,found in India,
the East Indies, and Australia. They deposit theireggs in the nests of other birds.
KOFF,A two-masted Dutch vessel.
KOFTGARI,Ornamental work produced by inlaying steel with gold, -- avariety of
damascening much used in the arts of India.
KOHL,A mixture of soot and other ingredients, used by Egyptian andother Eastern
women to darken the edges of the eyelids.
KOHL-RABI,A variety of cabbage, in which the edible part is a large,turnip-shaped
swelling of the stem, above the surface of the ground.
KOKAMA,The gemsbok.
KOKLASS,Any pheasant of the genus Pucrasia. The birds of this genusinhabit India
and China, and are distinguished by having a longcentral and two lateral crests on
the head. Called also pucras.
KOKOON,The gnu.
KOLARIAN,An individual of one of the races of aboriginal inhabitantswhich survive
in Hindostan.-- a.
KOLINSKY,Among furriers, any of several Asiatic minks; esp., Putoriussibiricus, the
yellowish brown pelt of which is valued, esp. for thetail, used for making artists'
brushes. Trade names for the fur arered sable and Tatar sable.
KOMENIC,Of or pertaining to, or designating, an acid derived frommeconic acid.
[Written also comenic.]
KOMTOK,An African freshwater fish (Protopterus annectens), belongingto the Dipnoi.
It can breathe air by means of its lungs, and whenwaters dry up, it encases itself
in a nest of hard mud, where itremains till the rainy season. It is used as food.
KON,To know. See Can, and Con. [Obs.]Ye konnen thereon as much as any man. Chaucer.
KONITE,See Conite.
KONSEAL,A form of capsule for inclosing a dose of medicine that isoffensive,
caustic, or the like.
KONZE,A large African antelope (Alcelaphus Lichtensteini), allied tothe hartbeest,
but having shorter and flatter horns, and lacking ablack patch on the face.
KOODOO,A large South African antelope (Strepsiceros kudu). The maleshave graceful
spiral horns, sometimes four feet long. The generalcolor is reddish or grayish
brown, with eight or nine white bands oneach side, and a pale dorsal stripe. The
old males become dark bluishgray, due to the skin showing through the hair. The
females arehornless. Called also nellut. [Written also kudu.]
KOOKOOM,The oryx or gemsbok. [Written also kookaam.]
KOOLOKAMBA,A west African anthropoid ape (Troglodytes koolokamba, or T.Aubryi),
allied to the chimpanzee and gorilla, and, in some respects,intermediate between
them.
KOOLSLAA,See Coleslaw.
KOORD,See Kurd.
KOORDISH,See Kurdish.
KOORILIAN,Same as Kurilian.
KOP,Hill; mountain. [South Africa]
KOPECK,A small Russian coin. One hundred kopecks make a rouble, worthabout sixty
cents. [Written also kopek, copec, and copeck.]
KOPJE,A hillock; a small kop. [South Africa]
KORAN,The Scriptures of the Mohammedans, containing the professedrevelations to
Mohammed; -- called also Alcoran. [Written also Kuranor Quran.]
KORIN,The gazelle.
KORRIGUM,A West African antelope (Damalis Senegalensis), allied to thesassaby. It
is reddish gray, with a black face, and a black stripe onthe outside of the legs
above the knees.
KOSHER,Ceremonially clean, according to Jewish law; --applied to food,esp. to meat
of animals slaughtered according to the requirements ofJewish law. Opposed to tref.
Hence, designating a shop, store, house,etc., where such food is sold or used.
KOSMOS,See Cosmos. Gladstone.
KOTOW,The prostration made by mandarins and others to theirsuperiors, either as
homage or worship, by knocking the forehead onthe ground. There are degrees in the
rite, the highest beingexpressed by three knockings. [China]kowtow S. W. Williams.
KOULAN,A wild horse (Equus, or Asinus, onager) inhabiting the plantsof Central
Asia; -- called also gour, khur, and onager. [Written alsokulan.]
KOUMISS,An intoxicating fermented or distilled liquor originally madeby the Tartars
from mare's or camel's milk. It can be obtained fromany kind of milk, and is now
largely made in Europe. [Written alsokoumyss, kumiss, kumish, and kumys.]Koumiss
has from time immemorial served the Tartar instead of wine orspirits. J. H. Newman.
KOUSSO,An Abyssinian rosaceous tree (Brayera anthelmintica), theflowers of which
are used as a vermifuge. [Written also cusso andkosso.]
KOWTOW,The same as Kotow.I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James.
KRA,A long-tailed ape (Macacus cynomolgus) of India and Sumatra. Itis reddish
olive, spotted with black, and has a black tail.
KRAIT,A very venomous snake of India (Bungarus coeruleus), allied tothe cobra. Its
upper parts are bluish or brownish black, often withnarrow white streaks; the belly
is whitish.
KRAKEN,A fabulous Scandinavian sea monster, often represented asresembling an
island, but sometimes as resembling an immense octopus.To believe all that has been
said of the sea serpent or kraken, wouldbe credulity; to reject the possibility of
their existence, would bepresumption. Goldsmith.Like a kraken huge and black.
Longfellow.
KRAKOWIAK,A lively Polish dance. See Cracovienne.
KRAMERIA,A genus of spreading shrubs with many stems, from one speciesof which (K.
triandra), found in Peru, rhatany root, used as amedicine, is obtained.
KRAMERIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, Krameria (rhatany); as,krameric acid,
usually called ratanhia-tannic acid.
KRANG,The carcass of a whale after the blubber has been removed.[Written also crang
and kreng.]
KRANGING HOOK,A hook for holding the blubber while cutting it away. [Writtenalso
cranging hook.]
KREATIC,See Creatic.
KREATIN,See Creatin.
KREATININ,See Creatinin.
KREEL,See Creel.
KREMLIN,The citadel of a town or city; especially, the citadel ofMoscow, a large
inclosure which contains imperial palaces,cathedrals, churches, an arsenal, etc.
[Russia]
KREMS,A variety of white lead. See Krems lead, under Lead, n.
KRENG,See Krang.
KREOSOTE,See Creosote.
KREUTZER,A small copper coin formerly used in South Germany; also, asmall Austrian
copper coin. [Written also kreuzer.]
KRIEGSSPIEL,A game of war, played for practice, on maps. Farrow.
KRIS,A Malay dagger. See Creese.
KRISHNA,The most popular of the Hindoo divinities, usually held to bethe eighth
incarnation of the god Vishnu.
KRITARCHY,The rule of the judges over Israel.Samson, Jephthah, Gideon, and other
heroes of the kritarchy. Southey.
KROKIDOLITE,See Crocidolite.
KRONE,A coin of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, of the value of abouttwenty-eight
cents. See Crown, n., 9.
KROOMAN,One of a negro tribe of Liberia and the adjacent coast, whosemembers are
much employed on shipboard.
KRULLER,See Cruller.
KRUPP GUN,. A breech-loading steel cannon manufactured at the works ofFriedrich
Krupp, at Essen in Prussia. Guns of over eight-inch boreare made up of several
concentric cylinders; those of a smaller sizeare forged solid. Knight.
KRUPPIZE,To treat by, or subject to, the Krupp process.
KRYOLITE,See Cryolite.
KRYPTON,An inert gaseous element of the argon group, occurring in airto the extent
of about one volume in a million. It was discovered byRamsay and Travers in 1898.
Liquefying point, -- 152º C.; symbol, Kr;atomic weight, 83.0.
KSAR,See Czar.
KUDA,The East Indian tapir. See Tapir.
KUDOS,Glory; fame; renown; praise. W. H. Russel.
KUDU,See Koodoo.
KUFIC,See Cufic.
KUKANG,The slow lemur. See Lemur.
KUKLUX,The name adopted in the southern part of the United States by asecret
political organization, active for several years after theclose of the Civil War,
and having for its aim the repression of thepolitical power of the freedmen; --
called also Kuklux Klan.
KULAN,See Koulan.
KULTURKAMPF,Lit., culture war; -- a name, originating with Virchow (1821 --1902),
given to a struggle between the the Roman Catholic Church andthe German government,
chiefly over the latter's efforts to controleducational and ecclesiastical
appointments in the interest of thepolitical policy of centralization. The struggle
began with thepassage by the Prussian Diet in May, 1873, of the so-called May
laws,or Falk laws, aiming at the regulation of the clergy. Oppositioneventually
compelled the government to change its policy, and from1880 to 1887 laws virtually
nullifying the May laws were enacted.
KUMMEL,A Russian and German liqueur, consisting of a sweetened spiritflavored with
caraway seeds.
KUMQUAT,A small tree of the genus Citrus (C. Japonica) growing in Chinaand Japan;
also, its small acid, orange-colored fruit used forpreserves.
KUPFERNICKEL,Copper-nickel; niccolite. See Niccolite.
KURD,A native or inhabitant of a mountainous region of Western Asiabelonging to the
Turkish and Persian monarchies. [Written alsoKoord.]
KURDISH,Of or pertaining to the Kurds. [Written also Koordish.]
KURILIAN,Of or pertaining to the Kurile Islands, a chain of islands inthe Pacific
ocean, extending from the southern extremity ofKamschatka to Yesso.-- n.
KURO-SIWO,See Japan Current, above.
KURSAAL,A public hall or room, for the use of visitors at wateringplaces and health
resorts in Germany.
KUSIMANSE,A carnivorous animal (Crossarchus obscurus) of tropical Africa.It its
allied to the civets. Called also kusimansel, and mangue.
KUSKUS,See Vetiver.
KUSSIER,(Mus.) A Turkish instrument of music, with a hollow bodycovered with skin,
over which five strings are stretched. [Writtenalso kussir.]
KUTAUSS,The India civet (Viverra zibetha).
KUTCH,The packet of vellum leaves in which the gold is first beateninto thin
sheets.
KY,Kine. [Scot.] See Kee, Kie, and Kine.
KYACK,A pack sack to be swung on either side of a packsaddle.[Western U. S.]
KYANITE,See Cyanite.
KYANIZE,To render (wood) proof against decay by saturating with asolution of
corrosive sublimate in open tanks, or under pressure.
KYANOPHYLL,Same as Cyanophyll.
KYAR,Cocoanut fiber, or the cordage made from it. See Coir.
KYAW,A daw. [Scot.]
KYD,p. p. of Kythe.
KYDDE,imp. of Kythe, to show. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KYKE,To look steadfastly; to gaze. [Obs.] [Written also kike, keke.]This Nicholas
sat ever gaping upright, As he had kyked on the newemoon. Chaucer.
KYLEY,A variety of the boomerang.
KYLOES,The cattle of the Hebrides, or of the Highlands. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott.
KYMNEL,See Kimnel. [Obs.] Chapman.
KYMOGRAPH,An instrument for measuring, and recording graphically, thepressure of
the blood in any of the blood vessels of a living animal;-- called also
kymographion.
KYMOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to a kymograph; as, a kymographic tracing.
KYMRIC,See Cymric, a. & n.
KYMRY,See Cymry.
KYNREDE,Kindred. [Obs.] Chaucer.
KYNURENIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from the urineof dogs. By
decomposition the acid yields a nitrogenous base (calledkynurin) and carbonic acid.
[Written also cynurenic.]
KYRIE ELEISON,Greek words, meaning "Lord, have mercy upon us," used in theMass, the
breviary offices, the litany of the saints, etc. Addis &Arnold.
KYRIE,See Kyrie eleison.
KYRIELLE,A litany beginning with the words. "Kyrie eleison." Shipley.
KYRIOLOGICAL,Serving to denote objects by conventional signs or
alphabeticalcharacters; as, the original Greek alphabet of sixteen letters
wascalled kyriologic, because it represented the pure elementary sounds.See
Curiologic. [Written also curiologic and kuriologic.]
KYTHE,To come into view; to appear. [Scot.]It kythes bright . . . because all is
dark around it. Sir W. Scott.
KYTOMITON,See Karyomiton.
KYTOPLASMA,See Karyoplasma.
L,A short right-angled pipe fitting, used in connecting two pipesat right angles.
[Written also ell.]
LAAGER,A camp, esp. one with an inclosure of travelers' wagons fortemporary
defense. [South Africa]
LAAS,A lace. See Lace. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAB,To prate; to gossip; to babble; to blab. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LABADIST,A follower of Jean de Labadie, a religious teacher of the 17thcentury, who
left the Roman Catholic Church and taught a kind ofmysticism, and the obligation of
community of property amongChristians.
LABARUM,The standard adopted by the Emperor Constantine after hisconversion to
Christianity. It is described as a pike bearing a silkbanner hanging from a
crosspiece, and surmounted by a golden crown.It bore a monogram of the first two
letters (CHR) of the name ofChrist in its Greek form. Later, the name was given to
variousmodifications of this standard.
LABDANUM,See Ladanum.
LABEFACTION,The act of labefying or making weak; the state of beingweakened; decay;
ruin.There is in it such a labefaction of all principles as may beinjurious to
morality. Johnson.
LABEFY,To weaken or impair. [R.]
LABEL,A barrulet, or, rarely, a bendlet, with pendants, or points,usually three,
especially used as a mark of cadency to distinguish aneldest or only son while his
father is still living.
LABELER,One who labels. [Written also labeller.]
LABELLUM,The lower or apparently anterior petal of an orchidaceousflower, often of
a very curious shape.
LABENT,Slipping; sliding; gliding. [R.]
LABIA,See Labium.
LABIAL,Furnished with lips; as, a labial organ pipe.
LABIALISM,The quality of being labial; as, the labialism of anarticulation;
conversion into a labial, as of a sound which isdifferent in another language. J.
Peile.
LABIALIZATION,The modification of an articulation by contraction of the lipopening.
LABIALIZE,To modify by contraction of the lip opening.
LABIALLY,In a labial manner; with, or by means of, the lips.
LABIATE,To labialize. Brewer.
LABIATED,Same as Labiate, a. (a).
LABIDOMETER,A forceps with a measuring attachment for ascertaining the sizeof the
fetal head.
LABILE,Liable to slip, err, fall, or apostatize. [Obs.] Cheyne.
LABILITY,Liability to lapse, err, or apostatize. [Archaic] Coleridge.
LABIMETER,See Labidometer.
LABIODENTAL,Formed or pronounced by the cooperation of the lips and teeth,as f and
v.-- n.
LABIONASAL,Formed by the lips and the nose.-- n.
LABIOPLASTY,A plastic operation for making a new lip, or for replacing alost tissue
of a lip.
LABIOSE,Having the appearance of being labiate; -- said of certainpolypetalous
corollas.
LABIPALP,A labial palp.
LABIPALPUS,One of the labial palpi of an insect. See Illust. under Labium.
LABIUM,The folds of integument at the opening of the vulva.
LABLAB,an East Indian name for several twining leguminous plantsrelated to the
bean, but commonly applied to the hyacinth bean(Delichos Lablab).
LABOR DAY,In most of the States and Territories of the United States, aday, usually
the first Monday of September, set aside as a legalholiday, in honor of, or in the
interest of, workingmen as a class.Also, a similar holiday in Canada, Australia,
etc.
LABOR,The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in thestraining of timbers
and rigging.
LABOR-SAVING,Saving labor; adapted to supersede or diminish the labor ofmen; as,
laborsaving machinery.
LABORANT,A chemist. [Obs.] Boyle.
LABORATORY,The workroom of a chemist; also, a place devoted to experimentsin any
branch of natural science; as, a chemical, physical, orbiological laboratory.
Hence, by extension, a place where somethingis prepared, or some operation is
performed; as, the liver is thelaboratory of the bile.
LABORED,Bearing marks of labor and effort; elaborately wrought; noteasy or natural;
as, labored poetry; a labored style.
LABOREDLY,In a labored manner; with labor.
LABORER,One who labors in a toilsome occupation; a person who does workthat
requires strength rather than skill, as distinguished from thatof an artisan.
LABORLESS,Not involving labor; not laborious; easy.
LABOROUS,Laborious. [Obs.] Wyatt.-- La"bor*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
LABORSOME,Likely or inclined to roll or pitch, as a ship in a heavy sea;having a
tendency to labor.
LABRADOR,A region of British America on the Atlantic coast, north ofNewfoundland.
Labrador duck (Zoöl.), a sea duck (CamtolaimusLabradorius) allied to the eider
ducks. It was formerly common on thecoast of New England, but is now supposed to be
extinct, no specimenshaving been reported since 1878.-- Labrador feldspar. See
Labradorite.-- Labrador tea (Bot.), a name of two low, evergreen shrubs of thegenus
Ledum (L. palustre and L. latifolium), found in Northern Europeand America. They
are used as tea in British America, and inScandinavia as a substitute for hops.
LABRADORITE,A kind of feldspar commonly showing a beautiful play of colors,and
hence much used for ornamental purposes. The finest specimenscome from Labrador.
See Feldspar.
LABRAS,Lips. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
LABRET,A piece of wood, shell, stone, or other substance, worn in aperforation of
the lip or cheek by many savages.
LABROID,Like the genus Labrus; belonging to the family Labridæ, anextensive family
of marine fishes, often brilliantly colored, whichare very abundant in the Indian
and Pacific Oceans. The tautog andcunner are American examples.
LABROSE,Having thick lips.
LABRUS,A genus of marine fishes, including the wrasses of Europe. SeeWrasse.
LABURNIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the laburnum.
LABURNINE,A poisonous alkaloid found in the unripe seeds of the laburnum.
LABURNUM,A small leguminous tree (Cytisus Laburnum), native of the Alps.The plant
is reputed to be poisonous, esp. the bark and seeds. It hashandsome racemes of
yellow blossoms.
LABYRINTH,The internal ear. See Note under Ear.
LABYRINTHAL,Pertaining to, or resembling, a labyrinth; intricate;labyrinthian.
LABYRINTHIAN,Intricately winding; like a labyrinth; perplexed; labyrinthal.
LABYRINTHIBRANCH,Of or pertaining to the Labyrinthici.-- n.
LABYRINTHICI,An order of teleostean fishes, including the Anabas, orclimbing perch,
and other allied fishes.
LABYRINTHIFORM,Having the form of a labyrinth; intricate.
LABYRINTHINE,Pertaining to, or like, a labyrinth; labyrinthal.
LABYRINTHODON,A genus of very large fossil amphibians, of the Triassicperiod,
having bony plates on the under side of the body. It is thetype of the order
Labyrinthodonta. Called also Mastodonsaurus.
LABYRINTHODONT,Of or pertaining to the Labyrinthodonta.-- n.
LABYRINTHODONTA,An extinct order of Amphibia, including the typical
genusLabyrinthodon, and many other allied forms, from the Carboniferous,Permian,
and Triassic formations. By recent writers they are dividedinto two or more orders.
See Stegocephala.
LAC,A resinous substance produced mainly on the banyan tree, but tosome extent on
other trees, by the Coccus lacca, a scale-shapedinsect, the female of which fixes
herself on the bark, and exudesfrom the margin of her body this resinous substance.
LACCIC,Pertaining to lac, or produced from it; as, laccic acid.
LACCIN,A yellow amorphous substance obtained from lac.
LACE,To be fastened with a lace, or laces; as, these boots lace.
LACE-BARK,A shrub in the West Indies (Lagetta Iintearia); -- so calledfrom the
lacelike layers of its inner bark.
LACE-WINGED,Having thin, transparent, reticulated wings; as, the lace-winged flies.
LACEDAEMONIAN,Of or pertaining to Lacedæmon or Sparta, the chief city ofLaconia in
the Peloponnesus.-- n.
LACEMAN,A man who deals in lace.
LACERABLE,That can be lacerated or torn.
LACERATE,To tear; to rend; to separate by tearing; to mangle; as, tolacerate the
flesh. Hence: To afflict; to torture; as, to laceratethe heart.
LACERATIVE,Lacerating, or having the power to lacerate; as, lacerativehumors.
Harvey.
LACERT,A muscle of the human body. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LACERTA,A fathom. [Obs.] Domesday Book.
LACERTIAN,Like a lizard; of or pertaining to the Lacertilia.-- n.
LACERTILIA,An order of Reptilia, which includes the lizards.
LACERTILIAN,Same as Lacertian.
LACERTILOID,Like or belonging to the Lacertilia.
LACERTINE,Lacertian.
LACERTUS,A bundle or fascicle of muscular fibers.
LACEWING,Any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the genusChrysopa
and allied genera. They have delicate, lacelike wings andbrilliant eyes. Their
larvæ are useful in destroying aphids. Calledalso lace-winged fly, and goldeneyed
fly.
LACHRYMABLE,Lamentable. Martin Parker.
LACHRYMAE CHRISTI,A rich, sweet, red Neapolitan wine.
LACHRYMAL,See Lachrymatory.
LACHRYMALS,Tears; also, lachrymal feelings or organs. [Colloq.]
LACHRYMARY,Containing, or intended to contain, tears; lachrymal. Addison.
LACHRYMATE,To weep. [R.] Blount.
LACHRYMATION,The act of shedding tears; weeping.
LACHRYMATORY,A "tear-bottle;" a narrow-necked vessel found in sepulchers ofthe
ancient Romans; -- so called from a former notion that the tearsof the deceased
person's friends were collected in it. Called alsolachrymal or lacrymal.
LACHRYMIFORM,Having the form of a tear; tear-shaped.
LACHRYMOSE,Generating or shedding tears; given to shedding tears; suffusedwith
tears; tearful.You should have seen his lachrymose visnomy. Lamb.--
Lach"ry*mose`ly, adv.
LACING,A system of bracing bars, not crossing each other in themiddle, connecting
the channel bars of a compound strut. Waddell.
LACINIA,The posterior, inner process of the stipes on the maxillæ ofinsects.
LACINIOLATE,Consisting of, or abounding in, very minute laciniæ.
LACINULA,A diminutive lacinia.
LACK,Exclamation of regret or surprise. [Prov. Eng.] Cowper.
LACKADAISICAL,Affectedly pensive; languidly sentimental.-- Lack`a*dai"si*cal*ly,
adv.
LACKADAISY,An expression of languor.
LACKADAY,Alack the day; alas; -- an expression of sorrow, regret,dissatisfaction,
or surprise.
LACKBRAIN,One who is deficient in understanding; a witless person. Shak.
LACKER,One who lacks or is in want.
LACKEY,An attending male servant; a footman; a servile follower.Like a Christian
footboy or a gentleman's lackey. Shak.Lackey caterpillar (Zoöl.), the caterpillar,
or larva, of anybombycid moth of the genus Clisiocampa; -- so called from its
party-colored markings. The common European species (C. neustria) isstriped with
blue, yellow, and red, with a white line on the back.The American species (C.
Americana and C. sylvatica) are commonlycalled tent caterpillars. See Tent
caterpillar,under Tent.-- Lackey moth (Zoöl.), the moth which produces the
lackeycaterpillar.
LACMUS,See Litmus.
LACONIAN,Of or pertaining to Laconia, a division of ancient Greece;Spartan.-- n.
LACONIC,Laconism. [Obs.] Addison.
LACONICAL,See Laconic, a.
LACONICALLY,In a laconic manner.
LACONICISM,Same as Laconism. Pope.
LACONIZE,To imitate the manner of the Laconians, especially in brief,pithy speech,
or in frugality and austerity.
LACQUER,A varnish, consisting of a solution of shell-lac in alcohol,often colored
with gamboge, saffron, or the like; -- used forvarnishing metals, papier-maché, and
wood. The name is also given tovarnishes made of other ingredients, esp. the tough,
solid varnish ofthe Japanese, with which ornamental objects are made.
LACQUERER,One who lacquers, especially one who makes a business oflacquering.
LACQUERING,The act or business of putting on lacquer; also, the coat oflacquer put
on.
LACRIMOSO,Plaintive; -- a term applied to a mournful or pathetic movementor style.
Moore.
LACROSSE,A game of ball, originating among the North American Indians,now the
popular field sport of Canada, and played also in England andthe United States.
Each player carries a long-handled racket, calleda "crosse". The ball is not
handled but caught with the crosse andcarried on it, or tossed from it, the object
being to carry it orthrow it through one of the goals placed at opposite ends of
thefield.
LACRYMAL,See Lachrymatory, n., and Lachrymal, a.
LACTAGE,The produce of animals yielding milk; milk and that which ismade from it.
LACTAM,One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous tothe lactones, as
oxindol.
LACTAMIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an amido acid related to lacticacid, and
called also amido-propionic acid.
LACTAMIDE,An acid amide derived from lactic acid, and obtained as a
whitecrystalline substance having a neutral reaction. It is metameric withalanine.
LACTANT,Suckling; giving suck.
LACTARENE,A preparation of casein from milk, used in printing calico.
LACTARY,Milky; full of white juice like milk. [Obs.] "Lactary or milkyplants." Sir
T. Browne.
LACTATE,A salt of lactic acid.
LACTATION,A giving suck; the secretion and yielding of milk by themammary gland.
LACTEAL,Pertaining to, or containing, chyle; as, the lacteal vessels.
LACTEALLY,Milkily; in the manner of milk.
LACTEAN,Lacteal; conveying chyle.
LACTEOUSLY,In a lacteous manner; after the manner of milk.
LACTESCENCE,The latex of certain plants. See Latex.
LACTESCENT,Producing milk or a milklike juice or fluid, as the milkweed.See Latex.
LACTIC,Of or pertaining to milk; procured from sour milk or whey; as,lactic acid;
lactic fermentation, etc. Lactic acid (Physiol. Chem.),a sirupy, colorless fluid,
soluble in water, with an intensely sourtaste and strong acid reaction. There are
at least three isomericmodifications all having the formula C3H6O3. Sarcolactic
orparalactic acid occurs chiefly in dead muscle tissue, while ordinarylactic acid
results from fermentation. The two acids are alike inhaving the same constitution
(expressed by the name ethylidene lacticacid), but the latter is optically
inactive, while sarcolactic acidrotates the plane of polarization to the right. The
third acid,ethylene lactic acid, accompanies sarcolactic acid in the juice offlesh,
and is optically inactive.-- Lactic ferment, an organized ferment (Bacterium
lacticum orlactis), which produces lactic fermentation, decomposing the sugar
ofmilk into carbonic and lactic acids, the latter, of which renders themilk sour,
and precipitates the casein, thus giving rise to the so-called spontaneous
coagulation of milk.-- Lactic fermentation. See under Fermentation.
LACTIDE,A white, crystalline substance, obtained from also, byextension, any
similar substance.
LACTIFEROUS,Bearing or containing milk or a milky fluid; as, thelactiferous
vessels, cells, or tissue of various vascular plants.
LACTIFUGE,A medicine to check the secretion of milk, or to dispel asupposed
accumulation of milk in any part of the body.
LACTIM,One of a series of anhydrides resembling the lactams, but of animido type;
as, isatine is a lactim. Cf. Lactam.
LACTIMIDE,A white, crystalline substance obtained as an anhydride ofalanine, and
regarded as an imido derivative of lactic acid.
LACTIN,See Lactose.
LACTOABUMIN,The albumin present on milk, apparently identical with ordinaryserum
albumin. It is distinct from the casein of milk.
LACTOBUTYROMETER,An instrument for determining the amount of butter fatcontained in
a given sample of milk.
LACTODENSIMETER,A form of hydrometer, specially graduated, for finding thedensity
of milk, and thus discovering whether it has been mixed withwater or some of the
cream has been removed.
LACTOMETER,An instrument for estimating the purity or richness of milk, asa
measuring glass, a specific gravity bulb, or other apparatus.
LACTONE,One of a series of organic compounds, regarded as anhydrides ofcertain
hydroxy acids. In general, they are colorless liquids, havinga weak aromatic odor.
They are so called because the typical lactoneis derived from lactic acid.
LACTONIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, lactone.
LACTOPROTEIN,A peculiar albuminous body considered a normal constituent ofmilk.
LACTORY,Lactiferous. [Obs.] "Lactory or milky plants." Sir T. Browne.
LACTOSCOPE,An instrument for estimating the amount of cream contained inmilk by
ascertaining its relative opacity.
LACTOSE,Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a crystalline sugar present inmilk, and
separable from the whey by evaporation and crystallization.It has a slightly sweet
taste, is dextrorotary, and is much lesssoluble in water than either cane sugar or
glucose. Formerly calledlactin.
LACTUCA,A genus of composite herbs, several of which are cultivated foesalad;
lettuce.
LACTUCARIUM,The inspissated juice of the common lettuce, sometimes used asa
substitute for opium.
LACTUCIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the juice of the Lactucavirosa; -- said of
certain acids.
LACTUCIN,A white, crystalline substance, having a bitter taste and aneutral
reaction, and forming one of the essential ingredients oflactucarium.
LACTUCONE,A white, crystalline, tasteless substance, found in the milkysap of
species of Lactuca, and constituting an essential ingredientof lactucarium.
LACTURAMIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an organic amido acid, which isregarded
as a derivative of lactic acid and urea.
LACTYL,An organic residue or radical derived from lactic acid.
LACUNA,A small opening; a small depression or cavity; a space, as avacant space
between the cells of plants, or one of the spaces leftamong the tissues of the
lower animals, which serve in place ofvessels for the circulation of the body
fluids, or the cavity or sac,usually of very small size, in a mucous membrane.
LACUNE,A lacuna. [R.] Landor.
LACWORK,Ornamentation by means of lacquer painted or carved, or simplycolored,
sprinkled with gold or the like; -- said especially ofOriental work of this kind.
LAD,of Lead, to guide Chaucer.
LADANUM,A gum resin gathered from certain Oriental species of Cistus.It has a
pungent odor and is chiefly used in making plasters, and forfumigation. [Written
also labdanum.]
LADDE,of Lead, to guide. Chaucer.
LADDIE,A lad; a male sweetheart. [Scot.]
LADE,To transfer (the molten glass) from the pot to the formingtable.
LADEMAN,One who leads a pack horse; a miller's servant. [Obs. or Local]
LADEN,Loaded; freighted; burdened; as, a laden vessel; a laden heart.Ah sinful
nation, a people laden with iniquity. Is. i. 4.A ship laden with gold. Shak.
LADIED,Ladylike; not rough; gentle. [Obs.] "Stroked with a ladiedland." Feltham.
LADIFY,To make a lady of; to make ladylike. [Obs.] Massinger.
LADIN,A Romansch dialect spoken in some parts of Switzerland and theTyrol.
LADINO,One of the half-breed descendants of whites and Indians; amestizo; -- so
called throughout Central America. They are usually ofa yellowish orange tinge. Am.
Cyc.
LADKIN,A little lad. [R.] Dr. H. More.
LADLE,A vessel to carry liquid metal from the furnace to the mold.
LADLEFUL,A quantity sufficient to fill a ladle.
LADRONE,A robber; a pirate; hence, loosely, a rogue or rascal.
LADY DAY,The day of the annunciation of the Virgin Mary, March 25. SeeAnnunciation.
LADY,The triturating apparatus in the stomach of a lobster; -- socalled from a
fancied resemblance to a seated female figure. Itconsists of calcareous plates.
Ladies' man, a man who affects thesociety of ladies.-- Lady altar, an altar in a
lady chapel. Shipley.-- Lady chapel, a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary.-- Lady
court, the court of a lady of the manor.-- Lady crab (Zoöl.), a handsomely spotted
swimming crab(Platyonichus ocellatus) very common on the sandy shores of
theAtlantic coast of the United States.-- Lady fern. (Bot.) See Female fern, under
Female, and Illust. ofFern.-- Lady in waiting, a lady of the queen's household,
appointed towait upon or attend the queen.-- Lady Mass, a Mass said in honor of the
Virgin Mary. Shipley. Ladyof the manor, a lady having jurisdiction of a manor;
also, the wifeof a manor lord. Lady's maid, a maidservant who dresses and waitsupon
a lady. Thackeray.-- Our Lady, the Virgin Mary.
LADY-KILLER,A gallant who captivates the hearts of women. "A renowned dandyand
lady-killer." Blackw. Mag.
LADY-KILLING,The art or practice of captivating the hearts of women.Better for the
sake of womankind that this dangerous dog should leaveoff lady-killing. Thackeray.
LADYBIRD,Any one of numerous species of small beetles of the genusCoccinella and
allied genera (family Coccinellidæ); -- called alsoladybug, ladyclock, lady cow,
lady fly, and lady beetle. Coccinellaseplempunctata in one of the common European
species. See Coccinella.
LADYBUG,Same as Ladybird.
LADYCLOCK,See Ladyrird.
LADYHOOD,The state or quality of being a lady; the personality of alady.
LADYKIN,A little lady; -- applied by the writers of Queen Elizabeth'stime, in the
abbreviated form Lakin, to the Virgin Mary.
LADYLIKENESS,The quality or state of being ladylike.
LADYLOVE,A sweetheart or mistress.
LADYSHIP,The rank or position of a lady; -- given as a title (precededby her or
your.)Your ladyship shall observe their gravity. B. Jonson.
LAELAPS,A genus of huge, carnivorous, dinosaurian reptiles from theCretaceous
formation of the United States. They had very large hindlegs and tail, and are
supposed to have been bipedal. Some of thespecies were about eighteen feet high.
LAEMMERGEYER,See Lammergeir.
LAEMODIPOD,One of the Læmodipoda.
LAEMODIPODA,A division of amphipod Crustacea, in which the abdomen is smallor
rudimentary and the legs are often reduced to five pairs. Thewhale louse, or
Cyamus, and Caprella are examples.
LAEMODIPODOUS,Of or pertaining to the Læmodipoda.
LAETERE SUNDAY,. The fourth Sunday of Lent; -- so named from the Latin wordLætare
(rejoice), the first word in the antiphone of the introit sungthat day in the Roman
Catholic service.
LAEVIGATE,Having a smooth surface, as if polished.
LAEVO-,. A prefix. See Levo.
LAEVOROTATORY,Same as Levorotatory. Cf. Dextrorotatory.
LAEVULOSE,See Levulose.
LAFT,of Leave. Chaucer.
LAFTE,of Leave. Chaucer.
LAG,See Graylag. Lag of the tide, the interval by which the time ofhigh water falls
behind the mean time, in the first and thirdquarters of the moon; -- opposed to
priming of the tide, or theacceleration of the time of high water, in the second
and fourthquarters; depending on the relative positions of the sun and moon.-- Lag
screw, an iron bolt with a square head, a sharp-edged thread,and a sharp point,
adapted for screwing into wood; a screw forfastening lags.
LAGAN,See Ligan.
LAGARTO,An alligator. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
LAGENA,The terminal part of the cochlea in birds and most reptiles; anappendage of
the sacculus, corresponding to the cochlea, in fishesand amphibians.
LAGENIAN,Like, or pertaining to, Lagena, a genus of Foraminifera havinga straight,
chambered shell.
LAGENIFORM,Shaped like a bottle or flask; flag-shaped.
LAGER BEER,Originally a German beer, but now also made in immensequantities in the
United States; -- so called from its being laid upor stored for some months before
use.
LAGER WINE,. Wine which has been kept for some time in the cellar.Simmonds.
LAGER,Lager beer.
LAGGARD,Slow; sluggish; backward.
LAGGER,A laggard.
LAGGING,The clothing (esp., an outer, wooden covering), as of a steamcylinder,
applied to prevent the radiation of heat; a covering oflags; -- called also deading
and cleading.
LAGGINGLY,In a lagging manner; loiteringly.
LAGLY,Laggingly. [Prov. Eng.]
LAGOMORPH,One of the Lagomorpha.
LAGOMORPHA,A group of rodents, including the hares. They have fourincisors in the
upper jaw. Called also Duplicidentata.
LAGOON,A morbid condition in which the eye stands wide open, giving apeculiar
staring appearance.
LAGOPOUS,Having a dense covering of long hair, like the foot of a hare.
LAGTHING,See Legislatature, below.
LAGUNE,See Lagoon.
LAIC,A layman. Bp. Morton.
LAICALITY,The state or quality of being laic; the state or condition of alayman.
LAICALLY,As a layman; after the manner of a layman; as, to treat amatter laically.
LAID,of Lay. Laid paper, paper marked with parallel lines or watermarks, as if
ribbed, from parallel wires in the mold. It is calledblue laid, cream laid, etc.,
according to its color.
LAIDLY,Ugly; loathsome. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]This laidly and loathsome worm. W.
Howitt.
LAIN,of Lie, v. i.
LAINERE,See Lanier. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAIRD,A lord; a landholder, esp. one who holds land directly of thecrown. [Scot.]
LAIRDSHIP,The state of being a laird; an estate; landed property. [Scot.]Ramsay.
LAISM,See Lamaism. [R.]
LAISSEZ FAIRE,Noninterference; -- an axiom of some political economists,deprecating
interference of government by attempts to foster orregulate commerce, manufactures,
etc., by bounty or by restriction;as, the doctrine of laissez faire; the laissez
faire systemgovernment.
LAKAO,Sap green. [China]
LAKE,A pigment formed by combining some coloring matter, usually byprecipitation,
with a metallic oxide or earth, esp. with aluminiumhydrate; as, madder lake;
Florentine lake; yellow lake, etc.
LAKE-DWELLER,See Lake dwellers, under Lake.
LAKELET,A little lake. Southey.
LAKEWEED,The water pepper (Polygonum Hydropiper), an aquatic plant ofEurope and
North America.
LAKH,Same as Lac, one hundred thousand.
LAKIN,See Ladykin.
LAKKE,See Lack. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAKY,Pertaining to a lake. Sir W. Scott.
LALLATION,An imperfect enunciation of the letter r, in which it soundslike l.
LALO,The powdered leaves of the baobab tree, used by the Africans tomix in their
soup, as the southern negroes use powdered sassafras.Cf. Couscous.
LAM,To beat soundly; to thrash. [Obs. or Low] Beau. & Fl.
LAMA,See Llama.
LAMAIC,Of or pertaining to Lamaism.
LAMAISM,A modified form of Buddhism which prevails in Thibet, Mongolia,and some
adjacent parts of Asia; -- so called from the name of itspriests. See 2d Lama.
LAMAISTIC,Of or pertaining to Lamaism.
LAMANTIN,The manatee. [Written also lamentin, and lamantine.]
LAMARCKIAN,Pertaining to, or involved in, the doctrines of Lamarckianism.
LAMARCKIANISM,Lamarckism.
LAMARCKISM,The theory that structural variations, characteristic ofspecies and
genera, are produced in animals and plants by the directinfluence of physical
environments, and esp., in the case of animals,by effort, or by use or disuse of
certain organs.
LAMASERY,A mo
LAMB,The young of the sheep.
LAMBALE,A feast at the time of shearing lambs.
LAMBASTE,To beat severely. [Low] Nares.
LAMBATIVE,Taken by licking with the tongue. "Sirups and lambativemedicines." Sir T.
Browne.
LAMBDA,The point of junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures ofthe skull.
Lambda moth (Zoöl.), a moth so called from a mark on itswings, resembling the Greek
letter lambda (
LAMBDOID,Shaped like the Greek letter lambda (as, the lambdoid suturebetween the
occipital and parietal bones of the skull.
LAMBDOIDAL,Same as Lambdoid.
LAMBERT PINE,The gigantic sugar pine of California and Oregon (PinusLambertiana).
It has the leaves in fives, and cones a foot long. Thetimber is soft, and like that
of the white pine of the EasternStates.
LAMBKILL,A small American ericaceous shrub (Kalmia angustifolia); --called also
calfkill, sheepkill, sheep laurel, etc. It is supposed topoison sheep and other
animals that eat it at times when the snow isdeep and they cannot find other food.
LAMBKIN,A small lamb.
LAMBLIKE,Like a lamb; gentle; meek; inoffensive.
LAMBOYS,Same as Base, n., 19.
LAMBSKINNET,See Lansquenet.
LAMDOIDAL,Lambdoid. [R.]
LAME,To make lame.If you happen to let child fall and lame it. Swift.
LAMEL,See Lamella.
LAMELLA,a thin plate or scale of anything, as a thin scale growing fromthe petals
of certain flowers; or one of the thin plates or scales ofwhich certain shells are
composed.
LAMELLARY,Of or pertaining to lamella or to lamellæ; lamellar.
LAMELLIBRANCH,One of the Lamellibranchia. Also used adjectively.
LAMELLIBRANCHIATE,Having lamellar gills; belonging to the Lamellibranchia.-- n.
LAMELLICORN,A lamellicorn insect.
LAMELLICORNIA,A group of lamellicorn, plant-eating beetles; -- called
alsoLamellicornes.
LAMELLIFEROUS,Bearing, or composed of, lamellæ, or thin layers, plates, orscales;
foliated.
LAMELLIFORM,Thin and flat; scalelike; lamellar.
LAMELLIROSTRAL,Having a lamellate bill, as ducks and geese.
LAMELLIROSTRES,A group of birds embracing the Anseres and flamingoes, in whichthe
bill is lamellate.
LAMELLOSE,Composed of, or having, lamellæ; lamelliform.
LAMELY,An a lame, crippled, disabled, or imperfect manner; as, to walklamely; a
figure lamely drawn.
LAMENESS,The condition or quality of being lame; as, the lameness of anexcuse or an
argument.
LAMENT,To express or feel sorrow; to weep or wail; to mourn.Jeremiah lamented for
Josiah. 2 Chron. xxxv. 25.Ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice.
John xvi. 20.
LAMENTATION,A book of the Old Testament attributed to the prophet Jeremiah,and
taking its name from the nature of its contents.
LAMENTED,Mourned for; bewailed.This humble praise,lamented shade ! receive. Pope.
LAMENTER,One who laments.
LAMENTIN,See Lamantin.
LAMENTING,Lamentation.Lamentings heard i' the air. Shak.
LAMENTINGLY,In a lamenting manner.
LAMES,Small steel plates combined together so as to slide one uponthe form a piece
of armor.
LAMETTA,Foil or wire made of gold, silver, or brass. De Colange.
LAMIA,A monster capable of assuming a woman's form, who was said todevour human
beings or suck their blood; a vampire; a sorceress; awith.
LAMINA,The blade of a leaf; the broad, expanded portion of a petal orsepal of a
flower. Gray.
LAMINABILITY,The quality or state of being laminable.
LAMINABLE,Capable of being split into laminæ or thin plates, as mica;capable of
being extended under pressure into a thin plate or strip.When a body can be readily
extended in all directions under thehammer, it is said to be malleable; and when
into fillets under therolling press, it is said to be laminable. Ure.
LAMINARIA,A genus of great seaweeds with long and broad fronds; kelp, ordevil's
apron. The fronds commonly grow in clusters, and aresometimes from thirty to fifty
feet in length. See Illust. of Kelp.
LAMINARIAN,Pertaining to seaweeds of the genus Laminaria, or to that zoneof the sea
(from two to ten fathoms in depth) where the seaweeds ofthis genus grow.
LAMINARITE,A broad-leafed fossil alga.
LAMINARY,Laminar.
LAMINATE,Consisting of, or covered with, laminæ, or thin plates, scales,or layers,
one over another; laminated.
LAMINATED,Laminate. Laminated arch (Arch.), a timber arch made of layersof bent
planks secured by treenails.
LAMINATING,Forming, or separating into, scales or thin layers.
LAMINATION,The process of laminating, or the state of being laminated.
LAMINIFEROUS,Having a structure consisting of laminæ, or thin layers.
LAMINIPLANTAR,Having the tarsus covered behind with a horny sheath continuouson
both sides, as in most singing birds, except the larks.
LAMINITIS,Inflammation of the laminæ or fleshy plates along the coffinbone of a
horse; founder. Youatt.
LAMISH,Somewhat lame. Wood.
LAMM,See Lam.
LAMMAS,The first day of August; -- called also Lammas day, andLammastide.
LAMNUNGUIA,Same as Hyracoidea.
LAMP,A thin plate or lamina. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAMP-POST,A post (generally a pillar of iron) supporting a lamp orlantern for
lighting a street, park, etc.
LAMPAD,A lamp or candlestick. [R.]By him who 'mid the golden lampads went. Trench.
LAMPADIST,One who gained the prize in the lampadrome.
LAMPADROME,A race run by young men with lighted torches in their hands. Hewho
reached the goal first, with his torch unextinguished, gained theprize.
LAMPAS,An inflammation and swelling of the soft parts of the roof ofthe mouth
immediately behind the fore teeth in the horse; -- calledalso lampers.
LAMPATE,A supposed salt of lampic acid. [Obs.]
LAMPBLACK,The fine impalpable soot obtained from the smoke ofcarbonaceous
substances which have been only partly burnt, as in theflame of a smoking lamp. It
consists of finely divided carbon, withsometimes a very small proportion of various
impurities. It is usedas an ingredient of printers' ink, and various black pigments
andcements.
LAMPER EEL,See Lamprey.
LAMPERN,The river lamprey (Ammocoetes, or Lampetra, fluviatilis).
LAMPERS,See Lampas.
LAMPIC,Pertaining to, or produced by, a lamp; -- formerly said of asupposed acid.
LAMPING,Shining; brilliant. [Obs.] "Lamping eyes." Spenser.
LAMPLESS,Being without a lamp, or without light; hence, being withoutappreciation;
dull.Your ladies' eyes are lampless to that virtue. Beau. & Fl.
LAMPLIGHT,Light from a lamp.This world's artificial lamplights. Owen Meredith.
LAMPLIGHTER,The calico bass.
LAMPOON,A personal satire in writing; usually, malicious and abusivecensure written
only to reproach and distress.Like her who missed her name in a lampoon, And
grieved to findherself decayed so soon. Dryden.
LAMPOONER,The writer of a lampoon. "Libelers, lampooners, andpamphleteers." Tatler.
LAMPOONRY,The act of lampooning; a lampoon, or lampoons.
LAMPREL,See Lamprey.
LAMPREY,An eel-like marsipobranch of the genus Petromyzon, and alliedgenera. The
lampreys have a round, sucking mouth, without jaws, butset with numerous minute
teeth, and one to three larger teeth on thepalate (see Illust. of Cyclostomi).
There are seven small branchialopenings on each side. [Written also lamper eel,
lamprel, andlampron.]
LAMPRON,See Lamprey.
LAMPYRINE,An insect of the genus Lampyris, or family Lampyridæ. SeeLampyris.
LAMPYRIS,A genus of coleopterous insects, including the glowworms.
LANARKITE,A mineral consisting of sulphate of lead, occurring eithermassive or in
long slender prisms, of a greenish white or gray color.
LANARY,A place for storing wool.
LANCASHIRE BOILER,. A steam boiler having two flues which contain the furnacesand
extend through the boiler from end to end.
LANCASTERIAN,Of or pertaining to the monitorial system of instructionfollowed by
Joseph Lancaster, of England, in which advanced pupils ina school teach pupils
below them.
LANCE FISH,A slender marine fish of the genus Ammodytes, especiallyAmmodytes
tobianus of the English coast; -- called also sand lance.
LANCE,A small iron rod which suspends the core of the mold in castinga shell.
LANCELET,A small fishlike animal (Amphioxus lanceolatus), remarkable forthe
rudimentary condition of its organs. It is the type of the classLeptocardia. See
Amphioxus, Leptocardia.
LANCELY,Like a lance. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
LANCEOLAR,Lanceolate.
LANCEPESADE,An assistant to a corporal; a private performing the duties ofa
corporal; -- called also lance corporal.
LANCER,A set of quadrilles of a certain arrangement. [Written alsolanciers.]
LANCET,An iron bar used for tapping a melting furnace. Knight. Lancetarch (Arch.),
a pointed arch, of which the width, or span, is narrowcompared with the height.--
Lancet architecture, a name given to a style of architecture, inwhich lancet arches
are common; -- peculiar to England and 13thcentury.-- Lancet fish. (Zoöl.) (a) A
large, voracious, deep-sea fish(Alepidosaurus ferox), having long, sharp,
lancetlike teeth. (b) Thedoctor, or surgeon fish.
LANCEWOOD,A tough, elastic wood, often used for the shafts of gigs,archery bows,
fishing rods, and the like. Also, the tree whichproduces this wood, Duguetia
Quitarensis (a native of Guiana andCuba), and several other trees of the same
family (Anonaseæ).Australian lancewood, a myrtaceous tree (Backhousia Australis).
LANCH,To throw, as a lance; to let fly; to launch.See Whose arm can lanch the surer
bolt. Dryden & Lee.
LANCIFEROUS,Bearing a lance.
LANCIFORM,Having the form of a lance.
LANCINATE,To tear; to lacerate; to pierce or stab. De Quincey.
LANCINATING,Piercing; seeming to pierce or stab; as, lancinating pains(i.e.,
severe, darting pains).
LANCINATION,A tearing; laceration. "Lancinations of the spirit." Jer.Taylor.
LAND LEAGUE,In Ireland, a combination of tenant farmers and other,organized, with
Charles Stewart Parnell as president, in 1879 with aview to the reduction of farm
rents and a reconstruction of the landlaws. -- Land"*lea`guer (#), n. --
Land"*lea`guism (#), n.
LAND OF STEADY HABITS,Connecticut; -- a nickname alluding to the moral character
ofits inhabitants, implied by the rigid laws (see Blue laws) of theearly period.
LAND,Urine. See Lant. [Obs.]
LAND-POOR,Pecuniarily embarrassed through owning much unprofitable land.[Colloq.]
LANDAU,A four-wheeled covered vehicle, the top of which is dividedinto two sections
which can be let down, or thrown back, in such amanner as to make an open carriage.
[Written also landaw.]
LANDAULET,A small landau.
LANDER,A person who waits at the mouth of the shaft to receive thekibble of ore.
LANDFALL,Sighting or making land when at sea. A good landfall (Naut.),the sighting
of land in conformity with the navigator's reckoning andexpectation.
LANDFLOOD,An overflowing of land by river; an inundation; a freshet.Clarendon.
LANDGRAVE,A German nobleman of a rank corresponding to that of an earl inEngland
and of a count in France.
LANDGRAVINE,The wife of a landgrave.
LANDHOLDER,A holder, owner, or proprietor of land.-- Land"hold`ing, n. & a.
LANDING,Of, pertaining to or used for, setting, bringing, or going, onshore.
Landing charges, charges or fees paid on goods unloaded from avessel.-- Landing
net, a small, bag-shaped net, used in fishing to take thefish from the water after
being hooked.-- Landing stage, a floating platform attached at one end to a wharfin
such a manner as to rise and fall with the tide, and thusfacilitate passage between
the wharf and a vessel lying beside thestage.-- Landing waiter, a customhouse
officer who oversees the landing ofgoods, etc., from vessels; a landwaiter.
LANDLEAPER,See Landlouper.
LANDLESS,Having no property in land.
LANDLOCK,To inclose, or nearly inclose, as a harbor or a vessel, withland.
LANDLOCKED,Confined to a fresh-water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams;-- said
of fishes that would naturally seek the sea, after spawning;as, the landlocked
salmon.
LANDLOPER,Same as Landlouper.
LANDLORDISM,The state of being a landlord; the characteristics of alandlord;
specifically, in Great Britain, the relation of landlordsto tenants, especially as
regards leased agricultural lands. J. S.Mill.
LANDLORDRY,The state of a landlord. [Obs.]
LANDLOUPER,A vagabond; a vagrant. [Written also landleaper and landloper.]"Bands of
landloupers." Moltey.
LANDLOUPING,Vagrant; wandering about.
LANDLUBBER,One who passes his life on land; -- so called among seamen incontempt or
ridicule.
LANDMAN,An occupier of land. Cowell.
LANDOWNER,An owner of land.
LANDOWNING,The owning of land.-- a.
LANDREEVE,A subordinate officer on an extensive estate, who acts as anassistant to
the steward.
LANDSCAPIST,A painter of landscapes.
LANDSKIP,A landscape. [Obs. except in poetry.]Straight my eye hath caught new
pleasures, Whilst the landskip roundit measures. Milton.
LANDSMAN,A sailor on his first voyage.
LANDSTHING,See Legislature, below.
LANDSTORM,See Varnpligtige.
LANDSTREIGHT,A narrow strip of land. [Obs.]
LANDSTURM,That part of the reserve force in Germany which is called outlast.
LANDTAG,The diet or legislative body; as, the Landtag of Prussia.
LANDWAITER,See Landing waiter, under Landing, a.
LANDWARD,Toward the land.
LANDWEHR,That part of the army, in Germany and Austria, which hascompleted the
usual military service and is exempt from duty in timeof peace, except that it is
called out occasionally for drill.
LANE,Alone [Scot.] His lane, by himself; himself alone.
LANG,Long. [Obs. or Scot.]
LANGAHA,A curious colubriform snake of the genus Xyphorhynchus, fromMadagascar. It
is brownish red, and its hose is prolonged in the formof a sharp blade.
LANGAREY,One of numerous species of long-winged, shrikelike birds ofAustralia and
the East Indies, of the genus Artamus, and alliedgenera; called also wood swallow.
LANGATE,A linen roller used in dressing wounds.
LANGDAK,A wolf (Canis pallipes), found in India, allied to the jackal.
LANGRET,A kind of loaded die. [Obs.]
LANGRIDGE,See Langrage.
LANGSYNE,Long since; long ago. [Scot.]
LANGTERALOO,An old game at cards. See Loo (a) Tatler.
LANGUAGE,To communicate by language; to express in language.Others were languaged
in such doubtful expressions that they have adouble sense. Fuller.
LANGUAGED,Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used incomposition. "
Manylanguaged nations." Pope.
LANGUAGELESS,Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent. Shak.
LANGUED,Tongued; having the tongue visible.Lions . . . represented as armed and
langued gules. Cussans.
LANGUENTE,In a languishing manner; pathetically.
LANGUISH,To cause to dr [Obs.] Shak. Dryden.
LANGUISHER,One who languishes.
LANGUISHINGLY,In a languishing manner.
LANGUISHNESS,Languishment. [Obs.]
LANGUOROUS,Producing, or tending to produce, languor; characterized bylanguor.
[Obs. or Poetic]Whom late I left in languorous constraint. Spenser.To wile the
length from languorous hours, and draw The sting frompain. Tennyson.
LANGURE,To languish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LANGYA,One of several species of East Indian and Asiatic fresh-waterfishes of the
genus Ophiocephalus, remarkable for their power ofliving out of water, and for
their tenacity of life; -- called alsowalking fishes.
LANIARD,See Lanyard.
LANIARIFORM,Shaped like a laniary, or canine, tooth. Owen.
LANIARY,Lacerating or tearing; as, the laniary canine teeth.
LANIATE,To tear in pieces. [R.]
LANIATION,A tearing in pieces. [R.]
LANIFEROUS,Bearing or producing wool.
LANIFICAL,Working in wool.
LANIFICE,Anything made of wool. [Obs.] Bacon.
LANIGEROUS,Bearing or producing wool.
LANIOID,Of or pertaining to the shrikes (family Laniidæ).
LANK,To become lank; to make lank. [Obs.] Shak. G. Fletcher.
LANKINESS,The condition or quality or being lanky.
LANKLY,In a lank manner.
LANKNESS,The state or quality of being lank.
LANKY,Somewhat lank. Thackeray.The lanky Dinka, nearly seven feet in height. The
Century.
LANOLIN,A peculiar fatlike body, made up of cholesterin and certainfatty acids,
found in feathers, hair, wool, and keratin tissuesgenerally.
LANSEH,The small, whitish brown fruit of an East Indian tree (Lansiumdomesticum).
It has a fleshy pulp, with an agreeable subacid taste.Balfour.
LANT,Urine. [Prov. Eng.] Nares.
LANTANURIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic acid ofthe uric
acid group, obtained by the decomposition of allantoin, andusually called
allanturic acid.
LANTERLOO,An old name of loo (a).
LANTERN,A lantern pinion or trundle wheel. See Lantern pinion (below).
LANTERN-JAWED,Having lantern jaws or long, thin jaws; as, a lantern-jawedperson.
LANTHANITE,Hydrous carbonate of lanthanum, found in tabular whilecrystals.
LANTHANUM,A rare element of the group of the earth metals, allied toaluminium. It
occurs in certain rare minerals, as cerite, gadolinite,orthite, etc., and was so
named from the difficulty of separating itfrom cerium, didymium, and other rare
elements with which it isusually associated. Atomic weight 138.5. Symbol La.
[Formerly writtenalso lanthanium.]
LANTHOPINE,An alkaloid found in opium in small quantities, and extractedas a white
crystalline substance.
LANTHORN,See Lantern. [Obs.]
LANUGO,The soft woolly hair which covers most parts of the mammalfetus, and in man
is shed before or soon after birth.
LANYARD,A short piece of rope or line for fastening something in ships;as, the
lanyards of the gun ports, of the buoy, and the like; esp.,pieces passing through
the dead-eyes, and used to extend shrouds,stays, etc.
LANYER,See Lanier.
LAODICEAN,Of or pertaining to Laodicea, a city in Phrygia Major; like theChristians
of Laodicea; lukewarm in religion. Rev. iii. 14-16.
LAP,The amount by which a slide valve at its half stroke overlaps aport in the
seat, being equal to the distance the valve must movefrom its mid stroke position
in order to begin to open the port. Usedalone, lap refers to outside lap. See
Outside lap (below).
LAP-JOINTED,Having a lap joint, or lap joints, as many kinds of woodworkand metal
work.
LAP-WELDED,Having edges or ends united by a lap weld; as, a lap-weldedpipe.
LAPAROCELE,A rupture or hernia in the lumbar regions.
LAPAROTOMY,A cutting through the walls of the abdomen, as in the Cæsareansection.
LAPBOARD,A board used on the lap as a substitute for a table, as bytailors.
LAPDOG,A small dog fondled in the lap.
LAPEL,That part of a garment which is turned back; specifically, thelap, or fold,
of the front of a coat in continuation of collar.[Written also lappel and lapelle.]
LAPELLED,Furnished with lapels.
LAPFUL,As much as the lap can contain.
LAPICIDE,A stonecutter. [Obs.]
LAPIDARIAN,Of or pertaining to stone; inscribed on stone; as, a lapidarianrecord.
LAPIDARIOUS,Consisting of stones.
LAPIDATE,To stone. [Obs.]
LAPIDATION,The act of stoning. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
LAPIDEOUS,Of the nature of stone; [Obs.] Ray.
LAPIDESCENT,Undergoing the process of becoming stone; having the capacityof being
converted into stone; having the quality of petrifyingbodies.
LAPIDIFICATION,The act or process of lapidifying; fossilization; petrifaction.
LAPIDIFY,To convert into stone or stony material; to petrify.
LAPIDIST,A lapidary. Ray.
LAPILLATION,The state of being, or the act of making, stony.
LAPILLI,Volcanic ashes, consisting of small, angular, stony fragmentsor particles.
LAPIS LAZULI,An albuminous mineral of a rich blue color. Same as Lazuli,which see.
LAPIS,A stone. Lapis calaminaris (. Etym: [NL.] (Min.) Calamine.-- Lapis infernalis
(. Etym: [L.] Fused nitrate of silver; lunarcaustic.
LAPLANDER,A native or inhabitant of Lapland; -- called also Lapp.
LAPLANDISH,Of or pertaining to Lapland.
LAPLING,One who has been fondled to excess; one fond of ease andsensual delights;
-- a term of contempt.
LAPP,Same as Laplander. Cf. Lapps.
LAPPACEOUS,Resembling the capitulum of burdock; covered with forkedpoints.
LAPPER,One who takes up food or liquid with his tongue.
LAPPET,A small decorative fold or flap, esp, of lace or muslin, in agarment or
headdress. Swift. Lappet moth (Zoöl.), one of severalspecies of bombycid moths,
which have stout, hairy caterpillars, flatbeneath. Two common American species
(Gastropacha Americana, andTolype velleda) feed upon the apple tree.
LAPPIC,Of or pertaining to Lapland, or the Lapps.-- n.
LAPPING,A kind of machine blanket or wrapping material used by calicoprinters. Ure.
Lapping engine, Lapping machine (Textile Manuf.), Amachine for forming fiber info a
lap. See its Lap, 9.
LAPPISH,Of or pertaining to the Lapps; Laplandish.-- n.
LAPPS,A branch of the Mongolian race, now living in the northernparts of Norway,
Sweden, and the adjacent parts of Russia.
LAPSABLE,Lapsible. Cudworth.
LAPSE,The termination of a right or privilege through neglect toexercise it within
the limited time, or through failure of somecontingency; hence, the devolution of a
right or privilege.
LAPSIBLE,Liable to lapse.
LAPSIDED,See Lopsided.
LAPSTONE,A stone for the lap, on which shoemakers beat leather.
LAPUTAN,Of or pertaining to Laputa, an imaginary flying islanddescribed in
Gulliver's Travels as the home of chimericalphilosophers. Hence, fanciful;
preposterous; absurd in science orphilosophy. "Laputan ideas." G. Eliot.
LAPWING,A small European bird of the Plover family (Vanellus cristatus,or V.
vanellus). It has long and broad wings, and is noted for itsrapid, irregular fight,
upwards, downwards, and in circles. Its backis coppery or greenish bronze. Its eggs
are the "plover's eggs" ofthe London market, esteemed a delicacy. It is called also
peewit,dastard plover, and wype. The gray lapwing is the Squatarola cinerea.
LAPWORK,Work in which one part laps over another. Grew.
LAQUAY,A lackey. [Obs.] Evelyn.
LAQUEAR,A lacunar.
LAQUEARY,Using a noose, as a gladiator. [Obs. or R.]Retiary and laqueary
combatants. Sir T. Browne.
LAR,A tutelary deity; a deceased ancestor regarded as a protectorof the family. The
domestic Lares were the tutelar deities of ahouse; household gods. Hence, Eng.:
Hearth or dwelling house.Nor will she her dear Lar forget, Victorious by his
benefit.Lovelace.The Lars and Lemures moan with midnight plaint. Milton.Looking
backward in vain toward their Lares and lands. Longfellow.
LARAMIE GROUP,An extensive series of strata, principally developed in theRocky
Mountain region, as in the Laramie Mountains, and formerlysupposed to be of the
Tertiary age, but now generally regarded asCretaceous, or of intermediate and
transitional character. Itcontains beds of lignite, often valuable for coal, and is
hence alsocalled the lignitic group. See Chart of Geology.
LARBOARD,The left-hand side of a ship to one on board facing toward thebow; port;
-- opposed to Ant: starboard.
LARCENOUS,Having the character of larceny; as, a larcenous act;committing larceny.
"The larcenous and burglarious world." SydneySmith.-- Lar"ce*nous*ly, adv.
LARCENY,The unlawful taking and carrying away of things personal withintent to
deprive the right owner of the same; theft. Cf.Embezzlement. Grand larceny and
Petit larceny are distinctions havingreference to the nature or value of the
property stolen. They areabolished in England.-- Mixed, or Compound, larceny, that
which, under statute, includesin it the aggravation of a taking from a building or
the person.-- Simple larceny, that which is not accompanied with anyaggravating
circumstances.
LARCH,A genus of coniferous trees, having deciduous leaves, infascicles (see
Illust. of Fascicle).
LARCHEN,Of or pertaining to the larch. Keats.
LARD,To grow fat. [Obs.]
LARDACEIN,A peculiar amyloid substance, colored blue by iodine andsulphuric acid,
occurring mainly as an abnormal infiltration into thespleen, liver, etc.
LARDACEOUS,Consisting of, or resembling, lard. Lardaceous degeneration(Med.),
amyloid degeneration.
LARDER,A room or place where meat and other articles of food are keptbefore they
are cooked. Shak.
LARDERER,One in charge of the larder.
LARDERY,A larder. [Obs.]
LARDRY,A larder. [Obs.]
LARDY,Containing, or resembling, lard; of the character orconsistency of lard.
LARE,Lore; learning. [Obs.]
LARES,See 1st Lar.
LARGE,Crossing the line of a ship's course in a favorable direction;-- said of the
wind when it is abeam, or between the beam and thequarter. At large. (a) Without
restraint or confinement; as, to go atlarge; to be left at large. (b) Diffusely;
fully; in the full extent;as, to discourse on a subject at large.-- Common at
large. See under Common, n.-- Electors at large, Representative at large, electors,
or arepresentative, as in Congress, chosen to represent the whole of aState, in
distinction from those chosen to represent particulardistricts in a State. [U. S.]
-- To give, go, run, or sail large(Naut.), to have the wind crossing the direction
of a vessel's coursein such a way that the sails feel its full force, and the
vesselgains its highest speed. See Large, a., 8.
LARGE-ACRED,Possessing much land.
LARGE-HANDED,Having large hands, Fig.: Taking, or giving, in largequantities;
rapacious or bountiful.
LARGE-HEARTED,Having a large or generous heart or disposition; noble;liberal.--
Large"-heart`ed*ness, n.
LARGELY,In a large manner. Dryden. Milton.
LARGENESS,The quality or state of being large.
LARGET,A sport piece of bar iron for rolling into a sheet; a smallbillet.
LARGHETTO,Somewhat slow or slowly, but not so slowly as largo, and rathermore so
than andante.
LARGIFICAL,Generous; ample; liberal. [Obs.]
LARGIFLUOUS,Flowing copiously. [Obs.]
LARGILOQUENT,Grandiloquent. [Obs.]
LARGISH,Somewhat large. [Colloq.]
LARGITION,The bestowment of a largess or gift. [Obs.]
LARGO,Slow or slowly; -- more so than adagio; next in slowness tograve, which is
also weighty and solemn.-- n.
LARIAT,A long, slender rope made of hemp or strips of hide, esp. onewith a noose;
-- used as a lasso for catching cattle, horses, etc.,and for picketing a horse so
that he can graze without wandering.[Mexico & Western U.S.]
LARINE,Of or pertaining to the Gull family (Laridæ).
LARIXINIC,Of, or derived from, the larch (Larix); as, larixinic acid.
LARK,A frolic; a jolly time. [Colloq.] Dickens.
LARK-COLORED,Having the sandy brown color of the European larks.
LARKER,Indian cress.
LARKSPUR,A genus of ranunculaceous plants (Delphinium), having showyflowers, and a
spurred calyx. They are natives of the North Temperatezone. The commonest larkspur
of the gardens is D. Consolida. Theflower of the bee larkspur (D. elatum) has two
petals bearded withyellow hairs, and looks not unlike a bee.
LARMIER,See Tearpit.
LAROID,Like or belonging to the Gull family (Laridæ).
LARRIKIN,A rowdy street loafer; a rowdyish or noisy ill-bred fellow; --variously
applied, as to a street blackguard, a street Arab, a youthgiven to horse-play, etc.
[Australia & Eng.] -- a.
LARRUP,To beat or flog soundly. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Forby.
LARRY,Same as Lorry, or Lorrie.
LARUM,, See Alarum, and Alarm.
LARVA,Any young insect from the time that it hatches from the egguntil it becomes a
pupa, or chrysalis. During this time it usuallymolts several times, and may change
its form or color each time. Thelarvæ of many insects are much like the adults in
form and habits,but have no trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only
inthe pupa stage. In other groups of insects the larvæ are totallyunlike the
parents in structure and habits, and are calledcaterpillars, grubs, maggots, etc.
LARVAL,Of or pertaining to a larva.
LARVALIA,An order of Tunicata, including Appendicularia, and alliedgenera; -- so
called because certain larval features are retained bythem through life. Called
also Copelata. See Appendicularia.
LARVATE,Masked; hence, concealed; obscure; -- applied in medicine todoubtful cases
of some diseases; as, larvate pneumonis; larvateepilepsy.
LARVATED,Masked; clothed as with a mask.
LARVE,A larva.
LARVIFORM,Having the form or structure of a larva.
LARVIPAROUS,Depositing living larvæ, instead of eggs; -- said of certaininsects.
LARY,A guillemot; -- called also lavy. [Prov. Eng.]
LARYNGEAL,Of or pertaining to the larynx; adapted to operations on thelarynx; as,
laryngeal forceps.
LARYNGEAN,See Laryngeal.
LARYNGECTOMY,Excision of the larynx.
LARYNGISMUS,A spasmodic state of the glottis, giving rise to contraction orclosure
of the opening.
LARYNGITIS,Inflammation of the larynx.
LARYNGOGRAPH,An instrument for recording the larynx movements in speech.
LARYNGOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to laryngology.
LARYNGOLOGIST,One who applies himself to laryngology.
LARYNGOLOGY,Systematized knowledge of the action and functions of thelarynx; in
pathology, the department which treats of the diseases ofthe larynx.
LARYNGOPHONY,The sound of the voice as heard through a stethoscope when thelatter
is placed upon the larynx.
LARYNGOSCOPE,An instrument, consisting of an arrangement of two mirrors,
forreflecting light upon the larynx, and for examining its image.
LARYNGOSCOPIC,Of or pertaining to the inspection of the larynx.
LARYNGOSCOPIST,One skilled in laryngoscopy.
LARYNGOSCOPY,The art of using the laryngoscope; investigations made with
thelaryngoscope.
LARYNGOTOME,An instrument for performing laryngotomy.
LARYNGOTOMY,The operation of cutting into the larynx, from the outside ofthe neck,
for assisting respiration when obstructed, or for removingforeign bodies.
LARYNGOTRACHEAL,Pertaining to both larynx and trachea; as, the
laryngotrachealcartilage in the frog.
LARYNGOTRACHEOTOMY,The operation of cutting into the larynx and the upper part
ofthe trachea, -- a frequent operation for obstruction to breathing.
LARYNX,The expanded upper end of the windpipe or trachea, connectedwith the hyoid
bone or cartilage. It contains the vocal cords, whichproduce the voice by their
vibrations, when they are stretched and acurrent of air passes between them. The
larynx is connected with thepharynx by an opening, the glottis, which, in mammals,
is protectedby a lidlike epiglottis.
LAS,A lace. See Lace. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LASCAR,A native sailor, employed in European vessels; also, a menialemployed about
arsenals, camps, camps, etc.; a camp follower. [EastIndies]
LASCIOUS,Loose; lascivious. [Obs.] "To depaint lascious wantonness."Holland.
LASCIVIENCY,Lasciviousness; wantonness. [Obs.]
LASCIVIENT,Lascivious. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
LASERWORT,Any plant of the umbelliferous genus Laserpitium, of severalspecies (as
L. glabrum, and L. siler), the root of which yields aresinous substance of a bitter
taste. The genus is mostly European.
LASH,,. v. i. To ply the whip; to strike; to uttercensure orsarcastic language.To
laugh at follies, or to lash at vice. Dryden.To lash out, to strike out wildly or
furiously.
LASHER,One who whips or lashes.
LASHING,The act of one who, or that which, lashes; castigation;chastisement. South.
Lashing out, a striking out; also, extravagance.
LASK,A diarrhea or flux. [Obs.] Holland.
LASKET,latching.
LASS,A youth woman; a girl; a sweetheart.
LASSE,Less. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LASSIE,A young girl; a lass. [Scot.]
LASSITUDE,A condition of the body, or mind, when its voluntary functionsare
performed with difficulty, and only by a strong exertion of thewill; languor;
debility; weariness.The corporeal instruments of action being strained to a high
pitch .. . will soon feel a lassitude. Barrow.
LASSLORN,Forsaken by a lass. Shak.
LASSO,A rope or long thong of leather with, a running noose, used forcatching
horses, cattle, etc. Lasso cell (Zoöl.), one of a peculiarkind of defensive and
offensive stinging cells, found in greatnumbers in all coelenterates, and in a few
animals of other groups.They are most highly developed in the tentacles of
jellyfishes,hydroids, and Actiniæ. Each of these cells is filled with, fluid,
andcontains a long, slender, often barbed, hollow thread coiled upwithin it. When
the cell contracts the thread is quickly ejected,being at the same time turned
inside out. The thread is able topenetrate the flesh of various small, soft-bodied
animals, andcarries a subtle poison by which they are speedily paralyzed andkilled.
The threads, at the same time, hold the prey in position,attached to the tentacles.
Some of the jellyfishes, as the Portugueseman-of-war, and Cyanea, are able to
penetrate the human skin, andinflict painful stings in the same way. Called also
nettling cell,cnida, cnidocell.
LAST,of Last, to endure, contracted from lasteth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LASTE,of Last, to endure. Chaucer.
LASTER,A workman whose business it is to shape boots or shoes, orplace leather
smoothly, on lasts; a tool for stretching leather on alast.
LASTERY,A red color.[Obs.] Spenser.
LASTING,Existing or continuing a long while; enduring; as, a lastinggood or evil; a
lasting color.
LASTINGLY,In a lasting manner.
LAT,To let; to allow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LATAKIA,A superior quality of Turkish smoking tobacco, so called fromthe place
where produced, the ancient Laodicea.
LATCH,To smear; to anoint. [Obs.] Shak.
LATCHET,The string that fastens a shoe; a shoestring.
LATCHING,A loop or eye formed on the head rope of a bonnet, by which itis attached
to the foot of a sail; -- called also latch and lasket.[Usually in pl.]
LATCHKEY,A key used to raise, or throw back, the latch of a door, esp. anight
latch.
LATCHSTRING,A string for raising the latch of a door by a person outside.It is
fastened to the latch and passed through a hole above it in thedoor. To find the
latchstring out, to meet with hospitality; to bewelcome. (Intrusion is prevented by
drawing in the latchstring.)[Colloq. U.S.]
LATED,Belated; too late. [Obs.] Shak.
LATEEN,Of or pertaining to a peculiar rig used in the Mediterraneanand adjacent
waters, esp. on the northern coast of Africa. See below.Lateen sail. Etym: [F.
voile latine a sail in the shape of a right-angled triangle; cf. It. & Sp. vela
latina; properly Latin sail. SeeLatin.] (Naut.) A triangular sail, extended by a
long yard, which isslung at about one fourth of its length from the lower end, to a
lowmast, this end being brought down at the tack, while the other end iselevated at
an angle or about forty-five degrees; -- used in smallboats, feluccas, xebecs,
etc., especially in the Mediterranean andadjacent waters. Some lateen sails have
also a boom on the lowerside.
LATELY,Not long ago; recently; as, he has lately arrived from Italy.
LATENCE,Latency. Coleridge.
LATENCY,The state or quality of being latent.To simplify the discussion, I shall
distinguish three degrees of thislatency. Sir W. Hamilton.
LATENESS,The state, condition, or quality, of being late; as, thelateness of his
arrival; the lateness of the hour; the lateness ofthe season.
LATENT,Not visible or apparent; hidden; springs of action.The evils latent in the
most promising contrivances are provided foras they arise. Burke.Latent buds
(bot.), buds which remain undeveloped or dormant for along time, but may at length
grow. Latent heat (Physics), thatquantity of heat which disappears or becomes
concealed in a bodywhile producing some change in it other than rise of
temperature, asfusion, evaporation, or expansion, the quantity being constant
foreach particular body and for each species of change.-- Latent period. (a) (Med.)
The regular time in which a disease issupposed to be existing without manifesting
itself. (b) (Physiol.)One of the phases in a simple muscular contraction, in
whichinvisible preparatory changes are taking place in the nerve andmuscle. (c)
(Biol.) One of those periods or resting stages in thedevelopment of the ovum, in
which development is arrested prior torenewed activity.
LATENTLY,In a secret or concealed manner; invisibly.
LATER,A brick or tile. Knight.
LATERAD,Toward the side; away from the mesial plane; -- opposed tomesiad.
LATERAL,Lying at, or extending toward, the side; away from the mesialplane;
external; -- opposed to mesial.
LATERALITY,The state or condition of being lateral.
LATERALLY,By the side; sidewise; toward, or from, the side.
LATERAN,The church and palace of St. John Lateran, the church being thecathedral
church of Rome, and the highest in rank of all churches inthe Catholic world.
LATERED,Inclined to delay; dilatory. [Obs.] "When a man is toolatered." Chaucer.
LATERIFOLIOUS,Growing from the stem by the side of a leaf; as, alaterifolious
flower.
LATERITE,An argillaceous sandstone, of a red color, and much seamed; --found in
India.
LATERITIC,consisting of, containing, or characterized by, laterite; as,lateritic
formations.
LATERITIOUS,Like bricks; of the color of red bricks. Lateritious sediment(Med.), a
sediment in urine resembling brick dust, observed after thecrises of fevers, and at
the termination of gouty paroxysms. Itusually consists of uric acid or urates with
some coloring matter.
LATES,A genus of large percoid fishes, of which one species (LatesNiloticus)
inhabits the Nile, and another (L. calcarifer
LATESCENCE,A slight withdrawal from view or knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
LATESCENT,Slightly withdrawn from view or knowledge; as, a latescentmeaning. Sir W.
Hamilton.
LATEWAKE,See Lich wake, under Lich.
LATEWARD,Somewhat late; backward. [Obs.] "Lateward lands." Holland.
LATEX,A milky or colored juice in certain plants in cavities (calledlatex cells or
latex tubes). It contains the peculiar principles ofthe plants, whether aromatic,
bitter, or acid, and in many instancesyields caoutchouc upon coagulation.
LATH,A thin, narrow strip of wood, nailed to the rafters, studs, orfloor beams of a
building, for the purpose of supporting the tiles,plastering, etc. A corrugated
metallic strip or plate is sometimesused. Lath brick, a long, slender brick, used
in making the floor onwhich malt is placed in the drying kiln. Lath nail a slender
nail forfastening laths.
LATH-SHAPED,Having a slender elongated form, like a lath; -- said of thefeldspar of
certain igneous rocks, as diabase, as seen in microscopicsections.
LATHE,Formerly, a part or division of a county among the Anglo-Saxons. At present
it consists of four or five hundreds, and isconfined to the county of Kent.
[Written also lath.] Brande & C.
LATHER,To spread over with lather; as, to lather the face.
LATHING,The act or process of covering with laths; laths, collectively;a covering
of laths.
LATHWORK,Same as Lathing.
LATHY,Like a lath; long and slender.A lathy horse, all legs and length. R.
Browning.
LATIAN,Belonging, or relating, to Latium, a country of ancient Italy.See Latin.
LATIBULIZE,To retire into a den, or hole, and lie dormant in winter; toretreat and
lie hid. [R.] G. Shaw.
LATIBULUM,A concealed hiding place; a burrow; a lair; a hole.
LATICIFEROUS,Containing the latex; -- applied to the tissue or tubularvessels in
which the latex of the plant is found.
LATICLAVE,A broad stripe of purple on the fore part of the tunic, worn bysenators
in ancient Rome as an emblem of office.
LATICOSTATE,Broad-ribbed.
LATIDENTATE,Broad-toothed.
LATIGO HALTER,A kind of halter usually made of raw hide.
LATIGO,A strap for tightening a saddle girth. [Western U. S. & Sp.Amer.]
LATIMER,An interpreter. [Obs.] Coke.
LATIN,A member of the Roman Catholic Church. (Dog Latin, barbarousLatin; a jargon
in imitation of Latin; as, the log Latin ofschoolboys.-- Late Latin, Low Latin,
terms used indifferently to designate thelatest stages of the Latin language; low
Latin (and, perhaps, lateLatin also), including the barbarous coinages from the
French,German, and other languages into a Latin form made after the Latinhad become
a dead language for the people.-- Law Latin, that kind of late, or low, Latin, used
in statutes andlegal instruments; -- often barbarous.
LATINISM,A Latin idiom; a mode of speech peculiar to Latin; also, a modeof speech
in another language, as English, formed on a Latin model.
LATINIST,One skilled in Latin; a Latin scholar. Cowper.He left school a good
Latinist. Macaulay.
LATINISTIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, Latin; in the Latin styleor idiom.
"Latinistic words." Fitzed. Hall.
LATINITASTER,One who has but a smattering of Latin. Walker.
LATINITY,The Latin tongue, style, or idiom, or the use thereof;specifically, purity
of Latin style or idiom. "His eleLatinity."Motley.
LATINIZATION,The act or process of Latinizing, as a word, language, orcountry.The
Germanization of Britain went far deeper than the Latinization ofFrance. M. Arnold.
LATINIZE,To use words or phrases borrowed from the Latin. Dryden.
LATINLY,In the manner of the Latin language; in correct Latin. [Obs.]Heylin.
LATION,Transportation; conveyance. [Obs.]
LATIROSTRES,The broad-billed singing birds, such as the swallows, and theirallies.
LATISH,Somewhat late. [Colloq.]
LATISTERNAL,Having a broad breastbone, or sternum; -- said of anthropoidapes.
LATITANCY,Act or state of lying hid, or lurking. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
LATITANT,Lying hid; concealed; latent. [R.]
LATITAT,A writ based upon the presumption that the person summoned washiding.
Blackstone.
LATITATION,A lying in concealment; hiding. [Obs.]
LATITUDE,Distance north or south of the equator, measured on a meridian.
LATITUDINAL,Of or pertaining to latitude; in the direction of latitude.
LATITUDINARIAN,A member of the Church of England, in the time of Charles II.,who
adopted more liberal notions in respect to the authority,government, and doctrines
of the church than generally prevailed.They were called "men of latitude;" and upon
this, men of narrowthoughts fastened upon them the name of latitudinarians. Bp.
Burnet.
LATITUDINARIANISM,A latitudinarian system or condition; freedom of opinion
inmatters pertaining to religious belief.Fierce sectarianism bred fierce
latitudinarianism. De Quincey.He [Ammonius Saccas] plunged into the wildest
latitudinarianism ofopinion. J. S. Harford.
LATITUDINOUS,Having latitude, or wide extent.
LATRANT,Barking. [Obs.] Tickell.
LATRATE,To bark as a dog. [Obs.]
LATRATION,A barking. [Obs.]
LATRIA,The highest kind of worship, or that paid to God; --distinguished by the
Roman Catholics from dulia, or the inferiorworship paid to saints.
LATRINE,A privy, or water-closet, esp. in a camp, hospital, etc.
LATROCINY,Theft; larceny. [Obs.]
LATTER-DAY SAINT,A Mormon; -- the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintsbeing
the name assumed by the whole body of Mormons.
LATTERDAY,Belonging to present times or those recent by comparison.
LATTERKIN,A pointed wooden tool used in glazing leaden lattice.
LATTERLY,Lately; of late; recently; at a later, as distinguished from aformer,
period.Latterly Milton was short and thick. Richardson.
LATTERMATH,The latter, or second, mowing; the aftermath.
LATTICE,The representation of a piece of latticework used as a bearing,the bands
being vertical and horizontal. Lattice bridge, a bridgesupported by lattice
girders, or latticework trusses.-- Lattice girder (Arch.), a girder of which the
wed consists ofdiagonal pieces crossing each other in the manner of latticework.--
Lattice plant (Bot.), an aquatic plant of Madagascar (Ouvirandrafenestralis), whose
leaves have interstices between their ribs andcross veins, so as to resemble
latticework. A second species is O.Berneriana. The genus is merged in Aponogeton by
recent authors.
LATTICEWORK,Same as Lattice, n., 1.
LATTICING,A system of bars crossing in the middle to form braces betweenprincipal
longitudinal members, as of a strut.
LATUS RECTUM,The line drawn through a focus of a conic section parallel tothe
directrix and terminated both ways by the curve. It is theparameter of the
principal axis. See Focus, and Parameter.
LAUD,To praise in words alone, or with words and singing; tocelebrate; to
extol.With all the company of heaven, we laud and magnify thy gloriousname. Book of
Common Prayer.
LAUDABILITY,Laudableness; praiseworthiness.
LAUDABLE,Healthy; salubrious; normal; having a disposition to promotehealing; not
noxious; as, laudable juices of the body; laudable pus.Arbuthnot.
LAUDABLENESS,The quality of being laudable; praiseworthiness;commendableness.
LAUDABLY,In a laudable manner.
LAUDANINE,A white organic base, resembling morphine, and obtained fromcertain
varieties of opium.
LAUDANUM,Tincture of opium, used for various medical purposes.
LAUDATION,The act of lauding; praise; high commendation.
LAUDATIVE,Laudatory.
LAUDATOR,An arbitrator. [Obs.] Cowell.
LAUDATORY,Of or pertaining praise, or to the expression of praise; as,laudatory
verses; the laudatory powers of Dryden. Sir J. Stephen.
LAUDER,One who lauds.
LAUGH,An expression of mirth peculiar to the human species; the soundheard in
laughing; laughter. See Laugh, v. i.And the loud laugh that spoke the vacant mind.
Goldsmith.That man is a bad man who has not within him the power of a heartylaugh.
F. W. Robertson.
LAUGHABLE,Fitted to excite laughter; as, a laughable story; a laughablescene.
LAUGHING,from Laugh, v. i. Laughing falcon (Zoöl.), a South Americanhawk
(Herpetotheres cachinnans); -- so called from its notes, whichresemble a shrill
laughing.-- Laughing gas (Chem.), hyponitrous oxide, or protoxide ofnitrogen; -- so
called from the exhilaration and laughing which itsometimes produces when inhaled.
It is much used as an anæstheticagent.-- Laughing goose (Zoöl.), the European
white-fronted goose.-- Laughing gull. (Zoöl.) (a) A common European gull
(Xemaridibundus); -- called also pewit, black cap, red-legged gull, andsea crow.
(b) An American gull (Larus atricilla). In summer the headis nearly black, the back
slate color, and the five outer primariesblack.-- Laughing hyena (Zoöl.), the
spotted hyena. See Hyena.-- Laughing jackass (Zoöl.), the great brown kingfisher
(Dacelogigas), of Australia; -- called also giant kingfisher, and gogobera.--
Laughing owl (Zoöl.), a peculiar owl (Sceloglaux albifacies) ofNew Zealand, said to
be on the verge of extinction. The name alludesto its notes.
LAUGHINGLY,With laughter or merriment.
LAUGHINGSTOCK,An object of ridicule; a butt of sport. Shak.When he talked, he
talked nonsense, and made himself thelaughingstock of his hearers. Macaulay.
LAUGHSOME,Exciting laughter; also, addicted to laughter; merry. [R.]
LAUGHTER,A movement (usually involuntary) of the muscles of the face,particularly
of the lips, with a peculiar expression of the eyes,indicating merriment,
satisfaction, or derision, and usually attendedby a sonorous and interrupted
expulsion of air from the lungs. SeeLaugh, v. i.The act of laughter, which is a
sweet contraction of the muscles ofthe face, and a pleasant agitation of the vocal
organs, is notmerely, or totally within the jurisdiction of ourselves. Sir
T.Browne.Archly the maiden smiled, and with eyes overrunning with
laughter.Longfellow.
LAUGHTERLESS,Not laughing; without laughter.
LAUGHWORTHY,Deserving to be laughed at. [R.] B. Jonson.
LAUMONTITE,A mineral, of a white color and vitreous luster. It is ahydrous silicate
of alumina and lime. Exposed to the air, it loseswater, becomes opaque, and
crumbles. [Written also laumonite.]
LAUNCE,A lance. [Obs.]
LAUNCEGAYE,See Langegaye. [Obs.]
LAUNCH,To move with force and swiftness like a sliding from the stocksinto the
water; to plunge; to make a beginning; as, to launch intothe current of a stream;
to launch into an argument or discussion; tolaunch into lavish expenditures; --
often with out.Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught.
Lukev. 4.He [Spenser] launches out into very flowery paths. Prior.
LAUND,A plain sprinkled with trees or underbrush; a glade. [Obs.]In a laund upon an
hill of flowers. Chaucer.Through this laund anon the deer will come. Shak.
LAUNDER,A trough used by miners to receive the powdered ore from thebox where it is
beaten, or for carrying water to the stamps, or otherapparatus, for comminuting, or
sorting, the ore.
LAUNDERER,One who follows the business of laundering.
LAUNDERING,The act, or occupation, of one who launders; washing andironing.
LAUNDRESS,A woman whose employment is laundering.
LAUNDRYMAN,A man who follows the business of laundering.
LAURA,A number of hermitages or cells in the same neighborhoodoccupied by
anchorites who were under the same superior. C. Kingsley.
LAURACEOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, a natural order (Lauraceæ) oftrees and
shrubs having aromatic bark and foliage, and including thelaurel, sassafras,
cinnamon tree, true camphor tree, etc.
LAURATE,A salt of lauric acid.
LAUREATE,Crowned, or decked, with laurel. Chaucer.To strew the laureate hearse
where Lycid lies. Milton.Soft on her lap her laureate son reclines. Pope.Poet
laureate. (b) One who received an honorable degree in grammar,including poetry and
rhetoric, at the English universities; -- socalled as being presented with a wreath
of laurel. [Obs.] (b)Formerly, an officer of the king's household, whose business
was tocompose an ode annually for the king's birthday, and other suitableoccasions;
now, a poet officially distinguished by such honorarytitle, the office being a
sinecure. It is said this title was firstgiven in the time of Edward IV. [Eng.]
LAUREATESHIP,State, or office, of a laureate.
LAUREATION,The act of crowning with laurel; the act of conferring anacademic
degree, or honorary title.
LAUREL,An evergreen shrub, of the genus Laurus (L. nobilis), havingaromatic leaves
of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small,yellowish white flowers in their
axils; -- called also sweet bay.
LAURELED,Crowned with laurel, or with a laurel wreath; laureate.[Written also
laurelled.]
LAURENTIAN,Pertaining to, or near, the St. Lawrence River; as, theLaurentian hills.
Laurentian period (Geol.), the lower of the twodivisions of the Archæan age; --
called also the Laurentian.
LAURER,Laurel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAURESTINE,The Viburnum Tinus, an evergreen shrub or tree of the south ofEurope,
which flowers during the winter mouths. [Written alsolaurustine and laurestina.]
LAURIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the European bay or laurel(Laurus nobilis).
Lauric acid (Chem.), a white, crystallinesubstance, C12H24O2, resembling palmitic
acid, and obtained from thefruit of the bay tree, and other sources.
LAURIFEROUS,Producing, or bringing, laurel.
LAURIN,A white crystalline substance extracted from the fruit of thebay (Laurus
nobilis), and consisting of a complex mixture of glycerinethers of several organic
acids.
LAURINOL,Ordinary camphor; -- so called in allusion to the family name(Lauraceæ) of
the camphor trees. See Camphor.
LAURIOL,Spurge laurel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAURITE,A rare sulphide of osmium and ruthenium found with platinum inBorneo and
Oregon.
LAURONE,The ketone of lauric acid.
LAURUS,A genus of trees including, according to modern authors, onlythe true laurel
(Laurus nobilis), and the larger L. Canariensis ofMadeira and the Canary Islands.
Formerly the sassafras, the camphortree, the cinnamon tree, and several other
aromatic trees and shrubs,were also referred to the genus Laurus.
LAUS,Loose. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAVA,The melted rock ejected by a volcano from its top or fissuredsides. It flows
out in streams sometimes miles in length. It alsoissues from fissures in the
earth's surface, and forms beds coveringmany square miles, as in the Northwestern
United States.
LAVARET,A European whitefish (Coregonus laveretus), found in themountain lakes of
Sweden, Germany, and Switzerland.
LAVATIC,Like lava, or composed of lava; lavic.
LAVATION,A washing or cleansing. [Obs. or R.]
LAVATORY,Washing, or cleansing by washing.
LAVATURE,A wash or lotion. [Obs.]
LAVE,To wash; to bathe; as, to lave a bruise.His feet the foremost breakers lave.
Byron.
LAVE-EARED,Having large, pendent ears. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
LAVEER,To beat against the wind; to tack. [Obs.] Dryden.
LAVEMENT,A washing or bathing; also, a clyster.
LAVENDER,An aromatic plant of the genus Lavandula (L. vera), common inthe south of
Europe. It yields and oil used in medicine andperfumery. The Spike lavender (L.
Spica) yields a coarser oil (oil ofspike), used in the arts.
LAVER,One who laves; a washer. [Obs.]
LAVEROCK,The lark. [Old Eng. & Scot.] [Written also lavrock.] Gower.
LAVIC,See Lavatic.
LAVISH,To expend or bestow with profusion; to use with prodigality; tosquander; as,
to lavish money or praise.
LAVISHER,One who lavishes.
LAVISHLY,In a lavish manner.
LAVISHMENT,The act of lavishing.
LAVISHNESS,The quality or state of being lavish.
LAVOESIUM,A supposed new metallic element. It is said to have beendiscovered in
pyrites, and some other minerals, and to be of asilver-white color, and malleable.
LAVOLTATEER,A dancer of the lavolta.
LAVOUR,A laver. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LAVROCK,Same as Laverock.
LAW,Same as Lawe, v. t. [Obs.]
LAW-ABIDING,Abiding the law; waiting for the operation of law for theenforcement of
rights; also, abiding by the law; obedient to the law;as, law-abiding people.
LAWBREAKER,One who disobeys the law; a criminal.-- Law"break`ing, n. & a.
LAWE,To cut off the claws and balls of, as of a dog's fore feet.Wright.
LAWER,A lawyer. [Obs.] Bale.
LAWGIVER,One who makes or enacts a law or system of laws; a legislator.
LAWGIVING,Enacting laws; legislative.
LAWING,Going to law; litigation. Holinshed.
LAWMAKER,A legislator; a lawgiver.
LAWMAKING,Enacting laws; legislative.-- n.
LAWMONGER,A trader in law; one who practices law as if it were a trade.Milton.
LAWN,A very fine linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric with a ratheropen texture. Lawn
is used for the sleeves of a bishop's officialdress in the English Church, and,
figuratively, stands for the officeitself.A saint in crape is twice in lawn. Pope.
LAWND,See Laund.
LAWNY,Having a lawn; characterized by a lawn or by lawns; like alawn.Musing through
the lawny park. T. Warton.
LAWSONIA,An Asiatic and North African shrub (Lawsonia inermis), withsmooth oval
leaves, and fragrant white flowers. Henna is preparedfrom the leaves and twigs. In
England the shrub is called Egyptianprivet, and in the West Indies, Jamaica
mignonette.
LAWSUIT,An action at law; a suit in equity or admiralty; any legalproceeding before
a court for the enforcement of a claim.
LAWYER,Like, or becoming, a lawyer; as, lawyerlike sagacity. "Lawyerlymooting of
this point." Milton.
LAX,A looseness; diarrhea.
LAXATION,The act of loosening or slackening, or the state of beingloosened or
slackened.
LAXATIVE,Having the effect of loosening or opening the intestines, andrelieving
from constipation; -- opposed to astringent.-- n. (Med.)
LAXATIVENESS,The quality of being laxative.
LAXATOR,That which loosens; -- esp., a muscle which by its contractionloosens some
part.
LAXIITY,The state or quality of being lax; want of tenseness,strictness, or
exactness.
LAXITY,The state or quality of being lax; want of tenseness,strictness, or
exactness.
LAXLY,In a lax manner.
LAXNESS,The state of being lax; laxity.
LAY READER,A layman authorized to read parts of the public service of thechurch.
LAY,of Lie, to recline.
LAYER,That which is laid; a stratum; a bed; one thickness, course, orfold laid over
another; as, a layer of clay or of sand in the earth;a layer of bricks, or of
plaster; the layers of an onion.
LAYERING,A propagating by layers. Gardner.
LAYETTE,The outfit of clothing, blankets, etc., prepared for a newborninfant, and
placed ready for used.
LAYLAND,Land lying untilled; fallow ground. [Obs.] Blount.
LAYNER,A whiplash. [Obs.]
LAYSHIP,The condition of being a layman. [Obs.] Milton.
LAZAR,A person infected with a filthy or pestilential disease; aleper. Chaucer.Like
loathsome lazars, by the hedges lay. Spenser.Lazar house a lazaretto; also, a
hospital for quarantine.
LAZARET FEVER,Typhus fever.
LAZARONI,See Lazzaroni.
LAZARWORT,Laserwort.
LAZE,To be lazy or idle. [Colloq.] Middleton.
LAZILY,In a lazy manner. Locke.
LAZINESS,The state or quality of being lazy.Laziness travels so slowly, that
Poverty soon overtakes him.Franklin.
LAZULI,A mineral of a fine azure-blue color, usually in small roundedmasses. It is
essentially a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, withsome sodium sulphide, is
often marked by yellow spots or veins ofsulphide of iron, and is much valued for
ornamental work. Called alsolapis lazuli, and Armenian stone.
LAZULITE,A mineral of a light indigo-blue color, occurring in smallmasses, or in
monoclinic crystals; blue spar. It is a hydrousphosphate of alumina and magnesia.
LAZYBACK,A support for the back, attached to the seat of a carriage.[Colloq.]
LAZYBONES,A lazy person. [Colloq.]
LAZZARONI,The homeless idlers of Naples who live by chance work orbegging; -- so
called from the Hospital of St. Lazarus, which servesas their refuge. [Written
also, but improperly, lazaroni.]
LEA,A meadow or sward land; a grassy field. "Plow-torn leas." Shak.The lowing herd
wind slowly o'er the lea. Gray.
LEACH,See 3d Leech.
LEACHY,Permitting liquids to pass by percolation; not capable ofretaining water;
porous; pervious; -- said of gravelly or sandysoils, and the like.
LEAD,One of the elements, a heavy, pliable, inelastic metal, havinga bright, bluish
color, but easily tarnished. It is both malleableand ductile, though with little
tenacity, and is used for tubes,sheets, bullets, etc. Its specific gravity is
11.37. It is easilyfusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient
ofsolder and type metal. Atomic weight, 206.4. Symbol Pb (L. Plumbum).It is chiefly
obtained from the mineral galena, lead sulphide.
LEADED,Separated by leads, as the lines of a page.
LEADER,A net for leading fish into a pound, weir, etc. ; also, a lineof gut, to
which the snell of a fly hook is attached.(i) (Mining) A branch or small vein, not
important in itself, butindicating the proximity of a better one.
LEADERSHIP,The office of a leader.
LEADHILLITE,A mineral of a yellowish or greenish white color, consisting ofthe
sulphate and carbonate of lead; -- so called from having beenfirst found at
Leadhills, Scotland.
LEADING EDGE,same as Advancing edge, above.
LEADING,Guiding; directing; controlling; foremost; as, a leadingmotive; a leading
man; a leading example.-- Lead"ing*ly, adv. Leading case (Law), a reported decision
whichhas come to be regarded as settling the law of the question involved.Abbott.--
Leading motive Etym: [a translation of G. leitmotif] (Mus.), aguiding theme; in the
modern music drama of Wagner, a marked melodicphrase or short passage which always
accompanies the reappearance ofa certain person, situation, abstract idea, or
allusion in the courseof the play; a sort of musical label.-- Leading note (Mus.),
the seventh note or tone in the ascendingmajor scale; the sensible note.-- Leading
question, a question so framed as to guide the personquestioned in making his
reply.-- Leading strings, strings by which children are supported whenbeginning to
walk.-- To be in leading strings, to be in a state of infancy ordependence, or
under the guidance of others.-- Leading wheel, a wheel situated before the driving
wheels of alocomotive engine.
LEADMAN,One who leads a dance.[Obs.] B. Jonson.
LEADSMAN,The man who heaves the lead. Totten.
LEADWORT,A genus of maritime herbs (Plumbago). P. Europæa has lead-colored spots on
the leaves, and nearly lead-colored flowers.
LEADY,Resembling lead. Sir T. Elyot.
LEAF,A colored, usually green, expansion growing from the side of astem or
rootstock, in which the sap for the use of the plant iselaborated under the
influence of light; one of the parts of a plantwhich collectively constitute its
foliage.
LEAF-FOOTED,Having leaflike expansions on the legs; -- said of certaininsects; as,
the leaf-footed bug (Leptoglossus phyllopus).
LEAF-NOSED,Having a leaflike membrane on the nose; -- said of certainbats, esp. of
the genera Phyllostoma and Rhinonycteris. See Vampire.
LEAFAGE,Leaves, collectively; foliage.
LEAFCUP,A coarse American composite weed (Polymnia Uvedalia).
LEAFED,Having (such) a leaf or (so many) leaves; -- used incomposition; as, broad-
leafed; four-leafed.
LEAFET,A leaflet.
LEAFINESS,The state of being leafy.
LEAFLESS,Having no leaves or foliage; bearing no foliage. "Leaflessgroves."
Cowper.-- Leaf"less*ness, n. Leafless plants, plants having no foliage,though
leaves may be present in the form of scales and bracts. SeeLeaf, n., 1 and 2.
LEAFLET,One of the divisions of a compound leaf; a foliole.
LEAFSTALK,The stalk or petiole which supports a leaf.
LEAGUE,An alliance or combination of two or more nations, parties, orpersons, for
the accomplishment of a purpose which requires acontinued course of action, as for
mutual defense, or for furtheranceof commercial, religious, or political interests,
etc.And let there be 'Twixt us and them no league, nor amity. Denham.
LEAGUER,To besiege; to beleaguer. [Obs.]
LEAGUERER,A besieger. [R.] J. Webster.
LEAK,Leaky. [Obs.] Spenser.
LEAKAGE,An allowance of a certain rate per cent for the leaking ofcasks, or waste
of liquors by leaking.
LEAKINESS,The quality of being leaky.
LEAL,Faithful; loyal; true.All men true and leal, all women pure. Tennyson.Land of
the leal, the place of the faithful; heaven.
LEAM,See Leme. [Obs.] Holland.
LEAMER,A dog held by a leam.
LEAN,To conceal. [Obs.] Ray.
LEAN-FACED,slender or narrow; -- said of type the letters of which havethin lines,
or are unusually narrow in proportion to their height. W.Savage.
LEAN-TO,Having only one slope or pitch; -- said of a roof.-- n.
LEAN-WITTED,Having but little sense or shrewdness.
LEANING,The act, or state, of inclining; inclination; tendency; as, aleaning
towards Calvinism.
LEANLY,Meagerly; without fat or plumpness.
LEANNESS,The condition or quality of being lean.
LEANY,Lean. [Obs.] Spenser.
LEAP YEAR,. Bissextile; a year containing 366 days; every fourth yearwhich leaps
over a day more than a common year, giving to Februarytwenty-nine days. See
Bissextile.
LEAP,A fault.
LEAPER,One who, or that which, leaps.
LEAPFROG,A play among boys, in which one stoops down and another leapsover him by
placing his hands on the shoulders of the former.
LEAPFUL,A basketful. [Obs.]
LEAPING,from Leap, to jump. Leaping house, a brothel. [Obs.] Shak.-- Leaping pole,
a pole used in some games of leaping.-- Leaping spider (Zoöl.), a jumping spider;
one of the Saltigradæ.
LEAPINGLY,By leaps.
LEAR,To learn. See Lere, to learn. [Obs.]
LEARN,To acquire knowledge or skill; to make progress in acquiringknowledge or
skill; to receive information or instruction; as, thischild learns quickly.Take my
yoke upon you and learn of me. Matt. xi. 29.To learn by heart. See By heart, under
Heart.-- To learn by rote, to memorize by repetition without exercise ofthe
understanding.
LEARNABLE,Such as can be learned.
LEARNED,Of or pertaining to learning; possessing, or characterized by,learning,
esp. scholastic learning; erudite; well-informed; as, alearned scholar, writer, or
lawyer; a learned book; a learned theory.The learnedlover lost no time. Spenser.Men
of much reading are greatly learned, but may be little knowing.Locke.Words of
learned length and thundering sound. Goldsmith.The learned, learned men; men of
erudition; scholars.-- Learn"ed*ly, adv. Learn"ed*ness, n.Every coxcomb swears as
learnedly as they. Swift.
LEARNER,One who learns; a scholar.
LEASABLE,Such as can be leased.
LEASE,To gather what harvesters have left behind; to glean. [Obs.]Dryden.
LEASEHOLD,Held by lease.
LEASEHOLDER,A tenant under a lease.-- Lease"hold`ing, a. & n.
LEASER,One who leases or gleans. [Obs.] Swift.
LEASH,A brace and a half; a tierce; three; three creatures of anykind, especially
greyhounds, foxes, bucks, and hares; hence, thenumber three in general.[I] kept my
chamber a leash of days. B. Jonson.Then were I wealthier than a leash of kings.
Tennyson.
LEASING,The act of lying; falsehood; a lie or lies. [Archaic] Spenser.Thou shalt
destroy them that speak leasing. Ps. v. 6.Blessed be the lips that such a leasing
told. Fairfax.Leasing making (Scots Law), the uttering of lies or libels upon
thepersonal character of the sovereign, his court, or his family. Bp.Burnet.
LEASOW,A pasture. [Obs.]
LEAST,Smallest, either in size or degree; shortest; lowest; mostunimportant; as,
the least insect; the least mercy; the least space.
LEASY,Flimsy; vague; deceptive. [Obs.] Ascham.
LEAT,An artificial water trench, esp. one to or from a mill. C.Kingsley.
LEATHER,To beat, as with a thong of leather. [Obs. or Colloq.] G.Eliot.
LEATHERBACK,A large sea turtle (Sphargis coriacea), having no bony shell onits
back. It is common in the warm and temperate parts of theAtlantic, and sometimes
weighs over a thousand pounds; -- called alsoleather turtle, leathery turtle,
leather-backed tortoise, etc.
LEATHERHEAD,The friar bird.
LEATHERN,Made of leather; consisting of. leather; as, a leathern purse."A leathern
girdle about his loins." Matt. iii. 4.
LEATHERNECK,The sordid friar bird of Australia (Tropidorhynchus sordidus).
LEATHERWOOD,A small branching shrub (Dirca palustris), with a white, softwood, and
a tough, leathery bark, common in damp woods in theNorthern United States; --
called also moosewood, and wicopy. Gray.
LEATHERY,Resembling leather in appearance or consistence; tough. "Aleathery skin."
Grew.
LEAVE,To send out leaves; to leaf; -- often with out. G. Fletcher.
LEAVE-TAKING,Taking of leave; parting compliments. Shak.
LEAVED,Bearing, or having, a leaf or leaves; having folds; -- used incombination;
as, a four-leaved clover; a two-leaved gate; long-leaved.
LEAVELESS,Leafless. [Obs.] Carew.
LEAVENOUS,Containing leaven. Milton.
LEAVER,One who leaves, or withdraws.
LEAVES,pl. of Leaf.
LEAVINESS,Leafiness.[Obs.]
LEAVY,Leafy. [Obs.] Chapman.
LECAMA,The hartbeest.
LECANOMANCY,divination practiced with water in a basin, by throwing threestones
into it, and invoking the demon whose aid was sought.
LECANORIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid which isobtained from
several varieties of lichen (Lecanora, Roccella, etc.),as a white, crystalline
substance, and is called also orsellic, ordiorsellinic acid, lecanorin, etc.
LECANORIN,See Lecanoric.
LECH,To lick. [Obs.]
LECHE,See water buck, under 3d Buck.
LECHER,A man given to lewdness; one addicted, in an excessive degree,to the
indulgence of sexual desire, or to illicit commerce withwomen.
LECHERER,See Lecher, n. Marston.
LECHEROUS,Like a lecher; addicted to lewdness; lustful; also, lust-provoking. "A
lecherous thing is wine." Chaucer.-- Lech"er*ous*ly, adv.-- Lech"er*ous*ness, n.
LECITHIN,A complex, nitrogenous phosphorized substance widelydistributed through
the animal body, and especially conspicuous inthe brain and nerve tissue, in yolk
of eggs, and in the white bloodcorpuscles.
LECTERN,See Lecturn.
LECTICA,A kind of litter or portable couch.
LECTION,A lesson or selection, esp. of Scripture, read in divineservice.
LECTIONARY,A book, or a list, of lections, for reading in divine service.
LECTOR,A reader of lections; formerly, a person designated to readlessons to the
illiterate.
LECTUAL,Confining to the bed; as, a lectual disease.
LECTURE,A rehearsal of a lesson.
LECTURER,One who lectures; an assistant preacher.
LECTURESHIP,The office of a lecturer.
LECTURN,A choir desk, or reading desk, in some churches, from which thelections, or
Scripture lessons, are chanted or read; hence, a readingdesk. [Written also lectern
and lettern]. Fairholt.
LECYTHIS,A genus of gigantic trees, chiefly Brazilian, of the orderMyrtaceæ, having
woody capsules opening by an apical lid. LecythisZabucajo yields the delicious
sapucaia nuts. L. Ollaria produces themonkey-pots, its capsules. Its bark separates
into thin sheets, likepaper, used by the natives for cigarette wrappers.
LED,of Lead. Led captain. An obsequious follower or attendant.[Obs.] Swift.-- Led
horse, a sumpter horse, or a spare horse, that is led along.
LEDGE,A lode; a limited mass of rock bearing valuable mineral.
LEDGEMENT,See Ledgment.
LEDGY,Abounding in ledges; consisting of a ledge or reef; as, a ledgyisland.
LEE,, i, To lie; to speak falsely. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEEBOARD,A board, or frame of planks, lowered over the side of a vesselto lessen
her leeway when closehauled, by giving her greater draught.
LEECH,See 2d Leach.
LEECHCRAFT,The art of healing; skill of a physician. [Archaic] Chaucer.
LEEF,See Lief. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEEK,A plant of the genus Allium (A. Porrum), having broadly linearsucculent leaves
rising from a loose oblong cylindrical bulb. Theflavor is stronger than that of the
common onion. Wild leek , inAmerica, a plant (Allium tricoccum) with a cluster of
ovoid bulbs andlarge oblong elliptical leaves.
LEEME,See Leme. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEEP,of Leap. leaped.
LEER,To learn. [Obs.] See Lere, to learn.
LEERE,Tape or braid; an ornament. Halliwell. Leere side, the leftside, as that on
which a leere or ornament was worn. B. Jonson.
LEERINGLY,In a leering manner.
LEES,Dregs. See 2d Lee.
LEESE,To lose. [Obs.]They would rather leese their friend than their jest. Lord
Burleigh.
LEET,of Let, to allow. Chaucer.
LEETMAN,One subject to the jurisdiction of a court-leet.
LEEWARD,Pertaining to, or in the direction of, the part or side towardwhich the
wind blows; -- opposed to windward; as, a leeward berth; aleeward ship.-- n.
LEEWAY,The lateral movement of a ship to the leeward of her course;drift.
LEFT,of Leave.
LEFT-HAND,Situated on the left; nearer the left hand than the right; as,the left-
hand side; the left-hand road. Left-hand rope, rope laid upand twisted over from
right to left, or against the sun; -- calledalso water-laid rope.
LEFT-HANDED,The state or quality of being left-handed; awkwardness.An awkward
address, ungraceful attitudes and actions, and a certainleft-handiness (if I may
use the expression) proclaim low education.Chesterfield.
LEFT-OFF,Laid a side; cast-off.
LEFTWARD,Toward or on the left side.Rightward and leftward rise the rocks. Southey.
LEFUL,See Leveful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEG BRIDGE,A type of bridge for small spans in which the floor girders arerigidly
secured at their extremities to supporting steel legs, driveninto the round as
piling, or resting on mudsills.
LEG,The course and distance made by a vessel on one tack or betweentacks.
LEG-OF-MUTTON,Having the general shape or outline of a leg of mutton; as, aleg-of-
mutton, or shoulder-of-mutton, sail.
LEGAL,Governed by the rules of law as distinguished from the rules ofequity; as,
legal estate; legal assets. Bouvier. Burrill. Legal cap.See under Cap.-- Legal
tender. (a) The act of tendering in the performance of acontract or satisfaction of
a claim that which the law prescribes orpermits, and at such time and place as the
law prescribes or permits.(b) That currency, or money, which the law authorizes a
debtor totender and requires a creditor to receive. It differs in
differentcountries.
LEGALISM,Strictness, or the doctrine of strictness, in conforming tolaw.
LEGALIST,One who practices or advocates strict conformity to law; intheology, one
who holds to the law of works. See Legal, 2 (a).
LEGALIZATION,The act of making legal.
LEGALIZE,To interpret or apply in a legal spirit.
LEGALLY,In a legal manner.
LEGANTINE,See Legatine.
LEGATARY,A legatee. [R.] Ayliffe.
LEGATEE,One to whom a legacy is bequeathed.
LEGATESHIP,The office of a legate.
LEGATINE,Of or pertaining to a legate; as, legatine power. Holinshed.
LEGATO,Connected; tied; -- a term used when successive tones are to beproduced in a
closely connected, smoothly gliding manner. It is oftenindicated by a tie, thus
staccato.
LEGATOR,A testator; one who bequeaths a legacy. Dryden.
LEGATURA,A tie or brace; a syncopation.
LEGATURE,Legateship. [Obs.]
LEGE,To allege; to assert. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.
LEGEMENT,See Ledgment.
LEGEND,To tell or narrate, as a legend. Bp. Hall.
LEGENDARY,Of or pertaining to a legend or to legends; consisting oflegends; like a
legend; fabulous. "Legendary writers." Bp. Lloyd.Legendary stories of nurses and
old women. Bourne.
LEGER,Lying or remaining in a place; hence, resident; as, legerambassador.
LEGERDEMAIN,Sleight of hand; a trick of sleight of hand; hence, any artfuldeception
or trick.He of legierdemayne the mysteries did know. Spenser.The tricks and
legerdemain by which men impose upon their own souls.South.
LEGERDEMAINIST,One who practices sleight of hand; a prestidigitator.
LEGERITY,Lightness; nimbleness [Archaic] Shak.
LEGGE,To lay. [Obs.]
LEGGED,Having (such or so many) legs; -- used in composition; as, along-legged man;
a two-legged animal.
LEGGING,, from Leg, v. t.
LEGGY,Having long legs. Thackeray.
LEGHORN,A straw plaiting used for bonnets and hats, made from the strawof a
particular kind of wheat, grown for the purpose in Tuscany,Italy; -- so called from
Leghorn, the place of exportation.
LEGIBILITY,The quality of being legible; legibleness. Sir. D. Brewster.
LEGIBLENESS,The state or quality of being legible.
LEGIBLY,In a legible manner.
LEGIFIC,Of or pertaining to making laws.Practically, in many cases, authority or
legific competence has begunin bare power. J. Grote.
LEGION,A body of foot soldiers and cavalry consisting of differentnumbers at
different periods, -- from about four thousand to aboutsix thousand men, -- the
cavalry being about one tenth.
LEGIONARY,Belonging to a legion; consisting of a legion or legions, or ofan
indefinitely great number; as, legionary soldiers; a legionaryforce. "The legionary
body of error." Sir T. Browne.
LEGIONED,Formed into a legion or legions; legionary. Shelley.
LEGIONRY,A body of legions; legions, collectively. [R.] Pollok.
LEGISLATE,To make or enact a law or laws.Solon, in legislating for the Athenians,
had an idea of a moreperfect constitution than he gave them. Bp. Watson (1805).
LEGISLATION,The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws; thelaws
enacted.Pythagoras joined legislation to his philosophy. Lyttelton.
LEGISLATIVELY,In a legislative manner.
LEGISLATOR,A lawgiver; one who makes laws for a state or community; amember of a
legislative body.The legislators in ancient and heroical times. Bacon.Many of the
legislators themselves had taken an oath of abjuration ofhis Majesty's person and
family. E. Phillips.
LEGISLATORIAL,Of or pertaining to a legislator or legislature.
LEGISLATORSHIP,The office of a legislator. Halifax.
LEGISLATURE,The body of persons in a state or kingdom invested with powerto make
and repeal laws; a legislative body.Without the concurrent consent of all three
parts of the legislature,no law is, or can be, made. Sir M. Hale.
LEGIST,One skilled in the laws; a writer on law. Milman. J. Morley.
LEGITIM,The portion of movable estate to which the children areentitled upon the
death of the father.
LEGITIMACY,The state, or quality, of being legitimate, or in conformitywith law;
hence, the condition of having been lawfully begotten, orborn in wedlock.The
doctrine of Divine Right, which has now come back to us, like athief from
transportation, under the alias of Legitimacy. Macaulay.
LEGITIMATE,To make legitimate, lawful, or valid; esp., to put in theposition or
state of a legitimate person before the law, by legalmeans; as, to legitimate a
bastard child.To enact a statute of that which he dares not seem to approve, evento
legitimate vice. Milton.
LEGITIMATELY,In a legitimate manner; lawfully; genuinely.
LEGITIMATENESS,The state or quality of being legitimate; lawfulness;genuineness.
LEGITIMATIST,See Legitimist.
LEGITIMATIZE,To legitimate.
LEGITIMISM,The principles or plans of legitimists.
LEGITIMIZE,To legitimate.
LEGLESS,Not having a leg.
LEGO-LITERARY,Pertaining to the literature of law.
LEGULEIAN,Lawyerlike; legal. [R.] "Leguleian barbarism." De Quincey.-- n.
LEGUME,A pod dehiscent into two pieces or valves, and having the seedattached at
one suture, as that of the pea.
LEGUMEN,Same as Legume.
LEGUMIN,An albuminous substance resembling casein, found as acharacteristic
ingredient of the seeds of leguminous and grain-bearing plants.
LEGUMINOUS,Belonging to, or resembling, a very large natural order ofplants
(Leguminosæ), which bear legumes, including peas, beans,clover, locust trees,
acacias, and mimosas.
LEIGER,See Leger, n., 2. [Obs.] Shak.
LEIOTRICHAN,Of or pertaining to the Leiotrichi.-- n.
LEIOTRICHI,The division of mankind which embraces the smooth-haired races.
LEIOTRICHOUS,Having smooth, or nearly smooth, hair.
LEIPOA,A genus of Australian gallinaceous birds including but a singlespecies
(Leipoa ocellata), about the size of a turkey. Its color isvariegated, drown,
black, white, and gray. Called also nativepheasant.
LEIPOTHYMIC,See Lipothymic.
LEISURABLY,At leisure. [Obs.]
LEISURE,Unemployed; as, leisure hours.
LEISURED,Having leisure. "The leisured classes." Gladstone.
LEISURELY,Characterized by leisure; taking abundant tome; not hurried;as, a
leisurely manner; a leisurely walk.
LEITMOTIF,See Leading motive, under Leading, a.
LEMAN,A sweetheart, of either sex; a gallant, or a mistress; --usually in a bad
sense. [Archaic] Chaucer. Spenser. Shak.
LEME,A ray or glimmer of light; a gleam. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEMMA,A preliminary or auxiliary proposition demonstrated or acceptedfor immediate
use in the demonstration of some other proposition, asin mathematics or logic.
LEMMAN,A leman. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEMMING,Any one of several species of small arctic rodents of thegenera Myodes and
Cuniculus, resembling the meadow mice in form. Theyare found in both hemispheres.
LEMNIAN,Of or pertaining to the isle of Lemnos. Lemnian bole, Lemnianearth, an
aluminous earth of a grayish yellow color; sphragide; --formerly sold as medicine,
having astringent properties.-- Lemnian reddle, a reddle of firm consistence and
deep red color;-- used by artificers in coloring.
LEMNISCUS,One of two oval bodies hanging from the interior walls of thebody in the
Acanthocephala.
LEMON,An oval or roundish fruit resembling the orange, and containinga pulp usually
intensely acid. It is produced by a tropical tree ofthe genus Citrus,the common
fruit known in commerce being that of thespecies C. Limonum or C. Medica (var.
Limonum). There are manyvarieties of the fruit, some of which are sweet.
LEMONADE,A beverage consisting of lemon juice mixed with water andsweetened.
LEMUR,One of a family (Lemuridæ) of nocturnal mammals allied to themonkeys, but of
small size, and having a sharp and foxlike muzzle,and large eyes. They feed upon
birds, insects, and fruit, and aremostly natives of Madagascar and the neighboring
islands, one genus(Galago) occurring in Africa. The slow lemur or kukang of the
EastIndies is Nycticebus tardigradus. See Galago, Indris, and Colugo.
LEMURES,Spirits or ghosts of the departed; specters.The Lars and Lemures moan with
midnight plaint. Milton.
LEMURIA,A hypothetical land, or continent, supposed by some to haveexisted formerly
in the Indian Ocean, of which Madagascar is aremnant. Herschel.
LEMURID,Same as Lemuroid.
LEMUROID,Like or pertaining to the lemurs or the Lemuroidea.-- n.
LEMUROIDEA,A suborder of primates, including the lemurs, the aye-aye, andallied
species. [Written also Lemuroida.]
LENA,A procuress. J. Webster.
LENARD RAYS,Rays emanating from the outer surface of a plate composed ofany
material permeable by cathode rays, as aluminium, which forms aportion of a wall of
a vacuum tube, or which is mounted within thetube and exposed to radiation from the
cathode. Lenard rays aresimilar in all their known properties to cathode rays. So
called fromthe German physicist Philipp Lenard (b. 1862), who first describedthem.
LENARD TUBE,A tube for producing Lenard rays.
LENDABLE,Such as can be lent. Sherwood.
LENDER,One who lends.The borrower is servant to the lender. Prov. xxii. 7.
LENDES,See Lends. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LENDS,Loins. [Obs.] Wyclif.
LENE,To lend; to grant; to permit. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LENGTH,To lengthen. [Obs.] Shak.
LENGTHEN,To extent in length; to make longer in extent or duration; as,to lengthen
a line or a road; to lengthen life; -- sometimes followedby out.What if I please to
lengthen out his date. Dryden.
LENGTHFUL,Long. [Obs.] Pope.
LENGTHILY,In a lengthy manner; at great length or extent.
LENGTHINESS,The state or quality of being lengthy; prolixity.
LENGTHY,Having length; rather long or too long; prolix; not brief; --said chiefly
of discourses, writings, and the like. "Lengthyperiods." Washington. "Some lengthy
additions." Byron. "These wouldbe details too lengthy." Jefferson. "To cut short
lengthyexplanations." Trench.
LENIENT,A lenitive; an emollient.
LENIENTLY,In a lenient manner.
LENIFY,To assuage; to soften; to Bacon. Dryden.
LENIMENT,An assuasive. [Obs.]
LENITIVE,Having the quality of softening or mitigating, as pain oracrimony;
assuasive; emollient.
LENITIVENESS,The quality of being lenitive.
LENITUDE,The quality or habit of being lenient; lenity. [Obs.] Blount.
LENITY,The state or quality of being lenient; mildness of temper ordisposition;
gentleness of treatment; softness; tenderness; clemency;-- opposed to severity and
rigor.His exceeding lenity disposes us to be somewhat too severe. Macaulay.
LENNI-LENAPE,A general name for a group of Algonquin tribes which formerlyoccupied
the coast region of North America from Connecticut toVirginia. They included the
Mohicans, Delawares, Shawnees, andseveral other tribes.
LENO,A light open cotton fabric used for window curtains.
LENOCINANT,Given to lewdness. [Obs.]
LENS,A piece of glass, or other transparent substance, ground withtwo opposite
regular surfaces, either both curved, or one curved andthe other plane, and
commonly used, either singly or combined, inoptical instruments, for changing the
direction of rays of light, andthus magnifying objects, or otherwise modifying
vision. In practice,the curved surfaces are usually spherical, though rarely
cylindrical,or of some other figure. Lenses
LENT LILY,the daffodil; -- so named from its blossoming in spring.
LENT,imp. & p. p. of Lend.
LENTAMENTE,Slowly; in slow time.
LENTANDO,Slackening; retarding. Same as Rallentando.
LENTEN,Lent. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
LENTENTIDE,The season of Lenten or Lent.
LENTICELLATE,Producing lenticels; dotted with lenticels.
LENTICELLE,Lenticel.
LENTICULA,A kind of eruption upon the skin; lentigo; freckle.
LENTICULAR,Resembling a lentil in size or form; having the form of adouble-convex
lens.
LENTICULARLY,In the manner of a lens; with a curve.
LENTIFORM,Lenticular.
LENTIGINOSE,Bearing numerous dots resembling freckles.
LENTIGINOUS,Of or pertaining to lentigo; freckly; scurfy; furfuraceous.
LENTIGO,A freckly eruption on the skin; freckles.
LENTIL,A leguminous plant of the genus Ervum (Ervum Lens), of smallsize, common in
the fields in Europe. Also, its seed, which is usedfor food on the continent.
LENTITUDE,Slowness; sluggishness. [Obs.]
LENTO,Slow; in slow time; slowly; -- rarely written lente.
LENTOID,Having the form of a lens; lens-shaped.
LENTOUS,Viscid; viscous; tenacious.Spawn of a lentous and transparent body. Sir T.
Browne.
LEOD,People; a nation; a man. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Bp. Gibson.
LEON,A lion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEONCED,See Lionced.
LEONESE,Of or pertaining to Leon, in Spain.-- n. sing. & pl.
LEONID,One of the shooting stars which constitute the star shower thatrecurs near
the fourteenth of November at intervals of about thirty-three years; so called
because shooting stars appear on the heavensto move in lines directed from the
constellation Leo.
LEONINE,Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the lion; as, a leoninelook; leonine
repacity.-- Le"o*nine*ly, adv. Leonine verse, a kind of verse, in which theend of
the line rhymes with the middle; -- so named from Leo, orLeoninus, a Benedictine
and canon of Paris in the twelfth century,who wrote largely in this measure, though
he was not the inventor.The following line is an example:Gloria factorum temere
conceditur horum.
LEONTODON,A genus of liguliflorous composite plants, including the falldandelion
(L. autumnale), and formerly the true dandelion; -- calledalso lion's tooth.
LEOPARD,A large, savage, carnivorous mammal (Felis leopardus). It is ofa yellow or
fawn color, with rings or roselike clusters of blackspots along the back and sides.
It is found in Southern Asia andAfrica. By some the panther (Felis pardus) is
regarded as a varietyof leopard. Hunting leopard. See Cheetah. Leopard cat (Zoöl.)
any oneof several species or varieties of small, spotted cats found inAfrica,
Southern Asia, and the East Indies; esp., Felis Bengalensis.-- Leopard marmot. See
Gopher, 2.
LEOPARDWOOD,See Letterwood.
LEP,of Leap. Leaped. Chaucer.
LEPADITE,Same as Lepadoid.
LEPADOID,A stalked barnacle of the genus Lepas, or family Lepadidæ; agoose
barnacle. Also used adjectively.
LEPAL,A sterile transformed stamen.
LEPAS,Any one of various species of Lepas, a genus of pedunculatedbarnacles found
attached to floating timber, bottoms of ships, Gulfweed, etc.; -- called also goose
barnacle. See Barnacle.
LEPER,A person affected with leprosy.
LEPERED,Affected or tainted with leprosy.
LEPERIZE,To affect with leprosy.
LEPEROUS,Leprous; infectious; corrupting; poisonous. "The leperousdistillment."
Shak.
LEPID,Pleasant; jocose. [R.]The joyous and lepid consul. Sydney Smith.
LEPIDINE,An organic base, C9H6.N.CH3, metameric with quinaldine, andobtained by the
distillation of cinchonine.
LEPIDODENDRID,One of an extinct family of trees allied to the modern clubmosses,
and including Lepidodendron and its allies.
LEPIDODENDROID,Allied to, or resembling, Lepidodendron.-- n.
LEPIDODENDRON,A genus of fossil trees of the Devonian and Carboniferous ages,having
the exterior marked with scars, mostly in quincunx order,produced by the separation
of the leafstalks.
LEPIDOGANOID,Any one of a division (Lepidoganoidei) of ganoid fishes,including
those that have scales forming a coat of mail. Also usedadjectively.
LEPIDOLITE,A species of mica, of a lilac or rose-violet color, containinglithia. It
usually occurs in masses consisting of small scales. SeeMica.
LEPIDOMELANE,An iron-potash mica, of a raven-black color, usually found ingranitic
rocks in small six-sided tables, or as an aggregation ofminute opaque scales. See
Mica.
LEPIDOPTER,One of the Lepidoptera.
LEPIDOPTERA,An order of insects, which includes the butterflies and moths.They have
broad wings, covered with minute overlapping scales,usually brightly colored.
LEPIDOPTERIST,One who studies the Lepidoptera.
LEPIDOSAURIA,A division of reptiles, including the serpents and lizards;
thePlagiotremata.
LEPIDOSIREN,An eel-shaped ganoid fish of the order Dipnoi, having bothgills and
lungs. It inhabits the rivers of South America. The name isalso applied to a
related African species (Protopterus annectens).The lepidosirens grow to a length
of from four to six feet. Calledalso doko.
LEPISMA,A genus of wingless thysanurous insects having an elongatedflattened body,
covered with shining scales and terminated by sevenunequal bristles. A common
species (Lepisma saccharina) is found inhouses, and often injures books and
furniture. Called also shiner,silver witch, silver moth, and furniture bug.
LEPISMOID,Like or pertaining to the Lepisma.
LEPORINE,Of or pertaining to a hare; like or characteristic of, a hare.
LEPRA,Leprosy.
LEPRE,Leprosy.[Obs.] Wyclif.
LEPROSE,Covered with thin, scurfy scales.
LEPROSITY,The state or quality of being leprous or scaly; also, a scale.Bacon.
LEPROSY,A cutaneous disease which first appears as blebs or as reddish,shining,
slightly prominent spots, with spreading edges. These areoften followed by an
eruption of dark or yellowish prominent nodules,frequently producing great
deformity. In one variety of the disease,anæsthesia of the skin is a prominent
symptom. In addition there maybe wasting of the muscles, falling out of the hair
and nails, anddistortion of the hands and feet with destruction of the bones
andjoints. It is incurable, and is probably contagious.Mycobacteriumleprae, curable
in most cases by therapy with a combination ofantibiotics, but cases resistant to
therapy are increasing.
LEPROUS,Leprose.-- Lep"rous*ly, adv.-- Lep"rous*ness, n.
LEPRY,Leprosy. [Obs.] Holland.
LEPTIFORM,Having a form somewhat like leptus; -- said of active insectlarvæ having
three pairs of legs. See Larva.
LEPTOCARDIA,The lowest class of Vertebrata, including only the Amphioxus.The heart
is represented only by a simple pulsating vessel. The bloodis colorless; the brain,
renal organs, and limbs are wanting, and thebackbone is represented only by a
simple, unsegmented notochord. SeeAmphioxus. [Written also Leptocardii.]
LEPTOCARDIAN,Of or pertaining to the Leptocardia.-- n.
LEPTODACTYL,A bird or other animal having slender toes. [Written alsolepodactyle.]
LEPTODACTYLOUS,, Having slender toes.
LEPTOLOGY,A minute and tedious discourse on trifling things.
LEPTOMENINGITIS,Inflammation of the pia mater or of the arachnoid membrane.
LEPTORHINE,Having the nose narrow; -- said esp. of the skull. Opposed toplatyrhine.
LEPTOSTRACA,An order of Crustacea, including Nebalia and allied forms.
LEPTOTHRIX,A genus of bacteria, characterized by having their filamentsvery long,
slender, and indistinctly articulated.
LEPTUS,The six-legged young, or larva, of certain mites; -- sometimesused as a
generic name. See Harvest mite, under Harvest.
LEPTYNITE,See Granulite.
LERE,Learning; lesson; lore. [Obs.] Spenser.
LERED,Learned. [Obs.] " Lewed man or lered." Chaucer.
LERNAEA,A Linnæan genus of parasitic Entomostraca, -- the same as thefamily
Lernæidæ.
LERNAEACEA,A suborder of copepod Crustacea, including a large number ofremarkable
forms, mostly parasitic on fishes. The young, however, areactive and swim freely.
See Illustration in Appendix.
LERNEAN,One of a family (Lernæidæ) of parasitic Crustacea foundattached to fishes
and other marine animals. Some species penetratethe skin and flesh with the
elongated head, and feed on the viscera.See Illust. in Appendix.
LEROT,A small European rodent (Eliomys nitela), allied to thedormouse.
LES,A leash. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LESBIAN LOVE,See Lesbianism.
LESBIAN,Of or pertaining to the island anciently called Lesbos, nowMitylene, in the
Grecian Archipelago.
LESBIANISM,Unnatural sexual relations between women.
LESE,To lose. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LESE-MAJESTY,See Leze majesty.
LESION,A hurt; an injury. Specifically:(a) (Civil Law) Loss sustained from failure
to fulfill a bargain orcontract. Burrill.(b) (Med.) Any morbid change in the
exercise of functions or thetexture of organs. Dunglison.
LESS,Unless. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
LESSEE,The person to whom a lease is given, or who takes an estate bylease.
Blackstone.
LESSEN,To make less; to reduce; to make smaller, or fewer; todiminish; to lower; to
degrade; as, to lessen a kingdom, or apopulation; to lessen speed, rank,
fortune.Charity . . . shall lessen his punishment. Calamy.St. Paul chose to magnify
his office when ill men conspired to lessenit. Atterbury.
LESSENER,One who, or that which, lessens.His wife . . . is the lessener of his
pain, and the augmenter of hispleasure. J. Rogers (1839).
LESSER,Less; smaller; inferior.God made . . . the lesser light to rule the night.
Gen. i. 15.
LESSES,The leavings or dung of beasts.
LESSON,To teach; to instruct. Shak.To rest the weary, and to soothe the sad, Doth
lesson happier men,and shame at least the bad. Byron.
LESSOR,One who leases; the person who lets to farm, or gives a lease.Blackstone.
LEST,To listen. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
LESTER,A dry sirocco in the Madeira Islands.
LET,To retard; to hinder; to impede; to oppose. [Archaic]He was so strong that no
man might him let. Chaucer.He who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of
the way. 2.Thess. ii. 7.Mine ancient wound is hardly whole, And lets me from the
saddle.Tennyson.
LET-ALONE,Letting alone. The let-alone principle, doctrine, or policy.(Polit.
Econ.) See Laissez faire.
LET-OFF,A device for letting off, releasing, or giving forth, as thewarp from the
cylinder of a loom.
LET-UP,Abatement; also, cessation; as, it blew a gale for three dayswithout any
let-up. [Colloq.]
LETCH,See Leach.
LETCHY,See Leachy.
LETE,To let; to leave. [Obs.]
LETEN,of Lete. Chaucer.
LETHAL,One of the higher alcohols of the paraffine series obtainedfrom spermaceti
as a white crystalline solid. It is so called becauseit occurs in the ethereal salt
of lauric acid.
LETHALITY,The quality of being lethal; mortality.
LETHARGIZE,To make lethargic.All bitters are poison, and act by stilling, and
depressing, andlethargizing the irritability. Coleridge.
LETHARGY,To lethargize. [Obs.] Shak.
LETHE,Death.[Obs.] Shak.
LETHEAN,Of or pertaining to Lethe; resembling in effect the water ofLethe. Milton.
Barrow.
LETHEED,Caused by Lethe. " Letheed dullness." [Obs.] Shak.
LETHEON,Sulphuric ether used as an anæsthetic agent. [R.]
LETHEONIZE,To subject to the influence of letheon. [R. or Obs.]
LETHIFEROUS,Deadly; bringing death or destruction.
LETHY,Lethean. [Obs.] Marston.
LETTE,To let; to hinder. See Let, to hinder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LETTER,One who lets or permits; one who lets anything for hire.
LETTERER,One who makes, inscribes, or engraves, alphabetical letters.
LETTERGRAM,See Letter, above.
LETTERN,See Lecturn.
LETTERPRESS,Print; letters and words impressed on paper or other materialby types;
-- often used of the reading matter in distinction from
theillustrations.Letterpress printing, printing directly from type, in
distinctionfrom printing from plates.
LETTERURE,Letters; literature. [Obs.] "To teach him letterure andcourtesy."
Chaucer.
LETTERWOOD,The beautiful and highly elastic wood of a tree of the genusBrosimum (B.
Aubletii), found in Guiana; -- so called from blackspots in it which bear some
resemblance to hieroglyphics; also calledsnakewood, and leopardwood. It is much
used for bows and for walkingsticks.
LETTISH,Of or pertaining to the Letts.-- n.
LETTRURE,See Letterure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LETTS,An Indo-European people, allied to the Lithuanians and OldPrussians, and
inhabiting a part of the Baltic provinces of Russia.
LETTUCE,A composite plant of the genus Lactuca (L. sativa), the leavesof which are
used as salad. Plants of this genus yield a milky juice,from which lactucarium is
obtained. The commonest wild lettuce of theUnited States is L. Canadensis. Hare's
lettuce, Lamb's lettuce. Seeunder Hare, and Lamb.-- Lettuce opium. See
Lactucarium.-- Sea lettuce, certain papery green seaweeds of the genus Ulva.
LETUARY,Electuary. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEUC-,. Same as Leuco-.
LEUCADENDRON,A genus of evergreen shrubs from the Cape of Good Hope, havinghandsome
foliage. Leucadendron argenteum is the silverboom of thecolonists.
LEUCANILINE,A colorless, crystalline, organic base, obtained fromrosaniline by
reduction, and also from other sources. It formscolorless salts.
LEUCHAEMIA,See Leucocythæmia.-- Leu*chæm"ic, a. [Written also leukæmia, leukæmic.]
LEUCIN,A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance formed in thedecomposition of
albuminous matter by pancreatic digestion, by theaction of boiling dilute sulphuric
acid, and by putrefaction. It isalso found as a constituent of various tissues and
organs, as thespleen, pancreas, etc., and likewise in the vegetable
kingdom.Chemically it is to be considered as amido-caproic acid.
(CH3)2CH.CH2.CH(NH2)-COOH. L-leucine, the natural form, is present inmost proteins.
LEUCITE,A mineral having a glassy fracture, occurring in translucenttrapezohedral
crystals. It is a silicate of alumina and potash. It isfound in the volcanic rocks
of Italy, especially at Vesuvius.
LEUCITIC,Containing leucite; as, leucitic rocks.
LEUCITOID,The trapezohedron or tetragonal trisoctahedron; -- so called asbeing the
form of the mineral leucite.
LEUCOCYTE,A colorless corpuscle, as one of the white blood corpuscles, orthose
found in lymph, marrow of hone, connective tissue, etc.
LEUCOCYTOGENESIS,The formation of leucocytes.
LEUCOETHIOPIC,White and black; -- said of a white animal of a black species,or the
albino of the negro race.
LEUCOETHIOPS,An albino. [Also written leucoethiops.]
LEUCOLINE,A nitrogenous organic base from coal tar, and identical withquinoline.
Cf. Quinoline.
LEUCOMA,A white opacity in the cornea of the eye; -- called alsoalbugo.
LEUCOMAINE,An animal base or alkaloid, appearing in the tissue duringlife; hence, a
vital alkaloid, as distinguished from a ptomaine orcadaveric poison.
LEUCONIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a complex organic acid, obtainedas a
yellowish white gum by the oxidation of croconic acid.
LEUCOPATHY,The state of an albino, or of a white child of black parents.
LEUCOPHANE,A mineral of a greenish yellow color; it is a silicate ofglucina, lime,
and soda with fluorine. Called also leucophanite.
LEUCOPHLEGMACY,A dropsical habit of body, or the commencement of anasarca;paleness,
with viscid juices and cold sweats.
LEUCOPHLEGMATIC,Having a dropsical habit of body, with a white bloated skin.
LEUCOPHYLL,A colorless substance isomeric with chlorophyll, contained inparts of
plants capable of becoming green. Watts.
LEUCOPHYLLOUS,Having white or silvery foliage.
LEUCOPYRITE,A mineral of a color between white and steel-gray, with ametallic
luster, and consisting chiefly of arsenic and iron.
LEUCORRHOEA,A discharge of a white, yellowish, or greenish, viscid mucus,resulting
from inflammation or irritation of the membrane lining thegenital organs of the
female; the whites. Dunglison.
LEUCORYX,A large antelope of North Africa (Oryx leucoryx), allied to thegemsbok.
LEUCOSCOPE,An instrument, devised by Professor Helmholtz, for testing thecolor
perception of the eye, or for comparing different lights, as totheir constituent
color or their relative whiteness.
LEUCOSOID,Like or pertaining to the Leucosoidea, a tribe of marine crabsincluding
the box crab or Calappa.
LEUCOSPHERE,The inner corona. [R.]
LEUCOTURIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic substanceof the
uric acid group, called leucoturic acid or oxalantin. SeeOxalantin.
LEUCOUS,White; -- applied to albinos, from the whiteness of their skinand hair.
LEUCOXENE,A nearly opaque white mineral, in part identical with titanite,observed
in some igneous rocks as the result of the alteration oftitanic iron.
LEUKAEMIA,Leucocythæmia.
LEUKOPLAST,See Leucoplast.
LEVANA,A goddess who protected newborn infants.
LEVANT,Rising or having risen from rest; -- said of cattle. SeeCouchant and levant,
under Couchant.
LEVANTER,One who levants, or decamps. [Colloq. Eng.]
LEVANTINE,Of or pertaining to the Levant. J. Spencer.
LEVARI FACIAS,A writ of execution at common law.
LEVATION,The act of raising; elevation; upward motion, as that producedby the
action of a levator muscle.
LEVATOR,A muscle that serves to raise some part, as the lip or theeyelid.
LEVE,Dear. See Lief. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEVECHE,A dry sirocco of Spain.
LEVEE EN MASSE,See Levy in mass, under Levy, n.
LEVEE,To attend the levee or levees of.He levees all the great. Young.
LEVEFUL,Allowable; permissible; lawful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEVEL,Of even tone; without rising or falling inflection. H. Sweet.Level line
(Shipbuilding), the outline of a section which ishorizontal crosswise, and parallel
with the rabbet of the keellengthwise. Level surface (Physics), an equipotential
surface atright angles at every point to the lines of force.
LEVELING,The art or operation of using a leveling instrument for findinga
horizontal line, for ascertaining the differences of level betweendifferent points
of the earth's surface included in a survey, forestablishing grades, etc., as in
finding the descent of a river, orlocating a line of railroad. Leveling instrument.
See Surveyor'slevel, under Level, n.-- Leveling staff, a graduated rod or staff
used in connection witha leveling instrument for measuring differences of level
betweenpoints.
LEVELISM,The disposition or endeavor to level all distinctions of rankin society.
LEVELLY,In an even or level manner.
LEVELNESS,The state or quality of being level.
LEVEN,Lightning. [Obs.]Wild thunder dint and fiery leven. Chaucer.
LEVER,More agreeable; more pleasing. [Obs.] Chaucer. To be leverthan. See Had as
lief, under Had.
LEVERAGE,The action of a lever; mechanical advantage gained by thelever. Leverage
of a couple (Mech.), the perpendicular distancebetween the lines of action of two
forces which act in parallel andopposite directions.-- Leverage of a force, the
perpendicular distance from the line inwhich a force acts upon a body to a point
about which the body may besupposed to turn.
LEVERET,A hare in the first year of its age.
LEVEROCK,A lark. [Scot.]
LEVERWOOD,The American hop hornbeam (Ostrya Virginica), a small tree withvery tough
wood.
LEVESEL,A leafy shelter; a place covered with foliage. [Obs.]Behind the mill, under
a levesel. Chaucer.
LEVET,A trumpet call for rousing soldiers; a reveille. [Obs.]Hudibras.
LEVIABLE,Fit to be levied; capable of being assessed and collected; as,sums
leviable by course of law. Bacon.
LEVIER,One who levees. Cartwright.
LEVIGABLE,Capable of being levigated.
LEVIGATE,Made less harsh or burdensome; alleviated. [Obs.] Sir. T.Elyot.
LEVIGATION,The act or operation of levigating.
LEVIN,Lightning. [Obs.] Spenser. Levin brand, a thunderbolt. [Obs.]Spenser.
LEVINER,A swift hound.
LEVIR,A husband's brother; -- used in reference to leviratemarriages.
LEVIRATION,Levirate marriage or marriages. Kitto.
LEVIROSTRES,A group of birds, including the hornbills, kingfishers, andrelated
forms.
LEVITATE,To rise, or tend to rise, as if lighter than the surroundingmedium; to
become buoyant; -- opposed to gravitate. Sir. J. Herschel.
LEVITE,One of the tribe or family of Levi; a descendant of Levi; esp.,one
subordinate to the priests (who were of the same tribe) andemployed in various
duties connected with the tabernacle first, andafterward the temple, such as the
care of the building, bringing ofwood and other necessaries for the sacrifices, the
music of theservices, etc.
LEVITICALLY,After the manner of the Levites; in accordance with thelevitical law.
LEVITICUS,The third canonical book of the Old Testament, containing thelaws and
regulations relating to the priests and Levites among theHebrews, or the body of
the ceremonial law.
LEVO-,A prefix from L. laevus, meaning:(a) Pertaining to, or toward, the left; as,
levorotatory.(b) (Chem. & Opt.) Turning the plane of polarized light to the
left;as, levotartaric acid; levoracemic acid; levogyratory crystals, etc.[Written
also lævo-.]
LEVOGYRATE,Turning or twisting the plane of polarization towards the left,as
levulose, levotartaric acid, etc. [Written also lævogyrate.]
LEVOROTATION,Rotation in the direction of an outgoing right-handed screw;counter-
clockwise rotation; -- applied chiefly to the turning of theplane of polarization
of light.
LEVOROTATORY,Turning or rotating the plane of polarization towards the
left;levogyrate, as levulose, left handed quartz crystals, etc. [Writtenalso
lævorotatory.]
LEVULIN,A substance resembling dextrin, obtained from the bulbs of thedahlia, the
artichoke, and other sources, as a colorless, spongy,amorphous material. It is so
called because by decomposition ityields levulose. [Written also lævulin.]
LEVULINIC,Pertaining to, or denoting, an acid (called also acetyl-propionic acid),
C5H8O3, obtained by the action of dilute acids onvarious sugars (as levulose).
[Written also lævulinic.]
LEVULOSAN,An unfermentable carbohydrate obtained by gently heatinglevulose.
LEVULOSE,A sirupy variety of sugar, rarely obtained crystallized,occurring widely
in honey, ripe fruits, etc., and hence called alsofruit sugar. It is called
levulose, because it rotates the plane ofpolarization to the left. [Written also
lævulose.]C6H12O6.
LEVY,A name formerly given in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginiato the Spanish
real of one eight of a dollar (or 12
LEW,Lukewarm; tepid. [Obs.] Wyclif.
LEWDSTER,A lewd person. [Obs.] Shak.
LEX,Law; as, lex talionis, the law of retaliation; lex terræ, thelaw of the land;
lex fori, the law of the forum or court; lex loci,the law of the place; lex
mercatoria, the law or custom of merchants.
LEXICAL,Of or pertaining to a lexicon, to lexicography, or words;according or
conforming to a lexicon.-- Lex"ic*al*ly, adv.
LEXICOGRAPHER,The author or compiler of a lexicon or dictionary.Every other author
may aspire to praise; the lexicographer can onlyhope to escape reproach; and even
this negative recompense has beenyet granted to very few. Johnson.
LEXICOGRAPHIST,A lexicographer. [R.] Southey.
LEXICOGRAPHY,The art, process, or occupation of making a lexicon ordictionary; the
principles which are applied in making dictionaries.
LEXICOLOGIST,One versed in lexicology.
LEXICOLOGY,The science of the derivation and signification of words; thatbranch of
learning which treats of the signification and applicationof words.
LEXICON,A vocabulary, or book containing an alphabetical arrangement ofthe words in
a language or of a considerable number of them, with thedefinition of each; a
dictionary; especially, a dictionary of theGreek, Hebrew, or Latin language.
LEXICONIST,A writer of a lexicon. [R.]
LEXIGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to lexigraphy.
LEXIGRAPHY,The art or practice of defining words; definition of words.
LEXIPHANIC,Using, or interlarded with, pretentious words; bombastic; as,
alexiphanic writer or speaker; lexiphanic writing.
LEXIPHANICISM,The use of pretentious words, language, or style.
LEXIPHARMIC,See Alexipharmic.
LEY,, & i. To lay; to wager. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEYSER,Leisure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LEZE MAJESTY,Any crime committed against the sovereign power.
LHERZOLITE,An igneous rock consisting largely of chrysolite, with pyroxeneand
picotite (a variety of spinel containing chromium).
LIABILITY,the sum of one's pecuniary obligations; -- opposed to assets.Limited
liability. See Limited company, under Limited.
LIABLENESS,Quality of being liable; liability.
LIAGE,Union by league; alliance. [Obs.]
LIAISON,A union, or bond of union; an intimacy; especially, an illicitintimacy
between a man and a woman.
LIAR,A person who knowingly utters falsehood; one who lies.
LIARD,Gray. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIAS,The lowest of the three divisions of the Jurassic period; aname given in
England and Europe to a series of marine limestonesunderlying the Oölite. See the
Chart of Geology.
LIASSIC,Of the age of the Lias; pertaining to the Lias Formation.-- n.
LIB,To castrate. [Obs.]
LIBAMENT,Libation. [Obs.] Holland.
LIBANT,Sipping; touching lightly. [R.] Landor.
LIBATION,The act of pouring a liquid or liquor, usually wine, either onthe ground
or on a victim in sacrifice, in honor of some deity; also,the wine or liquid thus
poured out. Dryden.A heathen sacrifice or libation to the earth. Bacon.
LIBATORY,Pertaining to libation.
LIBBARD,A leopard. [Obs. or Poetic] Spenser. Keats.
LIBEL,A malicious publication expressed either in print or inwriting, or by
pictures, effigies, or other signs, tending to exposeanother to public hatred,
contempt, or ridicule. Such publication isindictable at common law.
LIBELANT,One who libels; one who institutes a suit in an ecclesiasticalor admiralty
court. [Written also libellant.] Cranch.
LIBELER,One who libels. [Written also libeller.] " Libelers of
others."Buckkminster.
LIBELIST,A libeler.
LIBELLULID,A dragon fly.
LIBELLULOID,Like or pertaining to the dragon fi
LIBELOUS,Containing or involving a libel; defamatory; containing thatwhich exposes
some person to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule;as, a libelous pamphlet.
[Written also libellous.] -- Li"bel*ous*ly,adv.
LIBER,The inner bark of plants, lying next to the wood. It usuallycontains a large
proportion of woody, fibrous cells, and is,therefore, the part from which the fiber
of the plant is obtained, asthat of hemp, etc. Liber cells, elongated woody cells
found in theliber.
LIBERAL,One who favors greater freedom in political or religiousmatters; an
opponent of the established systems; a reformer; inEnglish politics, a member of
the Liberal party, so called. Cf. Whig.
LIBERALISM,Liberal principles; the principles and methods of the liberalsin
politics or religion; specifically, the principles of the Liberalparty.
LIBERALIST,A liberal.
LIBERALISTIC,Pertaining to, or characterized by, liberalism; as,liberalistic
opinions.
LIBERALIZATION,The act of liberalizing.
LIBERALIZE,To make liberal; to free from narrow views or prejudices.To open and to
liberalize the mind. Burke.
LIBERALIZER,One who, or that which, liberalizes. Emerson.
LIBERALLY,In a liberal manner.
LIBERATE,To release from restraint or bondage; to set at liberty; tofree; to
manumit; to disengage; as, to liberate a slave or prisoner;to liberate the mind
from prejudice; to liberate gases.
LIBERATION,The act of liberating or the state of being liberated.This mode of
analysis requires perfect liberation from all prejudgedsystem. Pownall.
LIBERATOR,One who, or that which, liberates; a deliverer.
LIBERATORY,Tending, or serving, to liberate. [R.]
LIBERTARIAN,Pertaining to liberty, or to the doctrine of free will, asopposed to
the doctrine of necessity.
LIBERTARIANISM,Libertarian principles or doctrines.
LIBERTINAGE,Libertinism; license. [R.]
LIBERTINE,A manumitted slave; a freedman; also, the son of a freedman.
LIBERTY,A curve or arch in a bit to afford room for the tongue of thehorse.
LIBETHENITE,A mineral of an olive-green color, commonly in orthorhombiccrystals. It
is a hydrous phosphate of copper.
LIBIDINIST,One given to lewdness.
LIBIDINOSITY,The state or quality of being libidinous; libidinousness.Skelton.
LIBIDINOUS,Having lustful desires; characterized by lewdness; sensual;lascivious.--
Li*bid"i*nous*ly, adv.-- Li*bid"i*nous*ness, n.
LIBRAL,Of a pound weight. [Obs.] Johnson.
LIBRARIANSHIP,The office of a librarian.
LIBRATE,To vibrate as a balance does before resting in equilibrium;hence, to be
poised.Their parts all liberate on too nice a beam. Clifton.
LIBRATION,A real or apparent libratory motion, like that of a balancebefore coming
to rest. Libration of the moon, any one of those smallperiodical changes in the
position of the moon's surface relativelyto the earth, in consequence of which
narrow portions at oppositelimbs become visible or invisible alternately. It
receives differentnames according to the manner in which it takes place; as:
(a)Libration in longitude, that which, depending on the place of themoon in its
elliptic orbit, causes small portions near the easternand western borders
alternately to appear and disappear each month.(b) Libration in latitude, that
which depends on the varying positionof the moon's axis in respect to the
spectator, causing the alternateappearance and disappearance of either pole. (c)
Diurnal orparallactic libration, that which brings into view on the upper limb,at
rising and setting, some parts not in the average visiblehemisphere.
LIBRATORY,Balancing; moving like a balance, as it tends to an equipoiseor level.
LIBRETTIST,One who makes a libretto.
LIBRIFORM,Having the form of liber, or resembling liber. Libriform cells,peculiar
wood cells which are very slender and relatively thick-walled, and occasionally are
furnished with bordered pits. Goodale.
LIBYAN,Of or pertaining to Libya, the ancient name of that part ofAfrica between
Egypt and the Atlantic Ocean, or of Africa as a whole.
LICE,pl. of Louse.
LICENSABLE,That can be licensed.
LICENSE,To permit or authorize by license; to give license to; as, tolicense a man
to preach. Milton. Shak.
LICENSED,Having a license; permitted or authorized by license; as, alicensed
victualer; a licensed traffic. Licensed victualer, one whohas a license to keep an
in or eating house; esp., a victualer whohas a license to sell intoxicating
liquors.
LICENSEE,The person to whom a license is given.
LICENSER,One who gives a license; as, a licenser of the press.
LICENSURE,A licensing. [R.]
LICENTIATE,To give a license to. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
LICH,Like. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
LICHEN,One of a class of cellular, flowerless plants, (technicallycalled Lichenes),
having no distinction of leaf and stem, usually ofscaly, expanded, frond-like
forms, but sometimes erect or pendulousand variously branched. They derive their
nourishment from the air,and generate by means of spores. The species are very
widelydistributed, and form irregular spots or patches, usually of agreenish or
yellowish color, upon rocks, trees, and various bodies,to which they adhere with
great tenacity. They are often improperlycalled rock moss or tree moss.
LICHENED,Belonging to, or covered with, lichens. Tennyson.
LICHENIC,Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, lichens. Lichenic acid.(a) An organic
acid, C14H24O3 obtained from Iceland moss. (b) An oldname of fumaric acid.
LICHENIFORM,Having the form of a lichen.
LICHENIN,A substance isomeric with starch, extracted from severalspecies of moss
and lichen, esp. from Iceland moss.
LICHENOGRAPHIST,One who describes lichens; one versed in lichenography.
LICHENOGRAPHY,A description of lichens; the science which illustrates thenatural
history of lichens.
LICHENOLOGIST,One versed in lichenology.
LICHENOLOGY,The science which treats of lichens.
LICHENOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, lichens; abounding inlichens; covered
with lichens. G. Eliot.
LICHI,See Litchi.
LICHWALE,The gromwell.
LICHWORT,An herb, the wall pellitory. See Pellitory.
LICIT,Lawful. "Licit establishments." Carlyle.-- Lic"it*ly, adv.-- Lic"it*ness, n.
LICITATION,The act of offering for sale to the highest bidder. [R.]
LICK,To strike with repeated blows for punishment; to flog; to whipor conquer, as
in a pugilistic encounter. [Colloq. or Low] Carlyle.Thackeray.
LICK-SPIGOT,A tapster. [Obs.]
LICK-SPITTLE,An abject flatterer or parasite. Theodore Hook.
LICKER,One who, or that which, licks. Licker in (Carding Machine), thedrum, or
cylinder, by which the lap is taken from the feed rollers.
LICKEROUS,Lickerish; eager; lustful. [Obs.] -- Lick"er*ous*ness, n.[Obs.] Chaucer.
LICKPENNY,A devourer or absorber of money. "Law is a lickpenny." Sir W.Scott.
LICORICE,A plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza (G. glabra), the root of whichabounds
with a juice, and is much used in demulcent compositions.
LICOROUS,See Lickerish.-- Lic"o*rous*ness, n. [Obs.] Herbert.
LICOUR,Liquor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LICTOR,An officer who bore an ax and fasces or rods, as ensigns of hisoffice. His
duty was to attend the chief magistrates when theyappeared in public, to clear the
way, and cause due respect to bepaid to them, also to apprehend and punish
criminals.Lictors and rods, the ensigns of their power. Milton.
LIDDED,Covered with a lid. Keats.
LIDGE,Same Ledge.[Obs.] Spenser.
LIDLESS,Having no lid, or not covered with the lids, as the eyes;hence, sleepless;
watchful.A lidless watcher of the public weal. Tennyson.
LIE,See Lye.
LIED,A lay; a German song. It differs from the French chanson, andthe Italian
canzone, all three being national.The German Lied is perhaps the most faithful
reflection of thenational sentiment. Grove.
LIEDERKRANZ,Lit., wreath of songs; -- used as the title of a group ofsongs, and
esp. as the common name for German vocal clubs of men.
LIEDERTAFEL,A popular name for any society or club which meets for thepractice of
male part songs.
LIEF,Same as Lif.
LIEFSOME,Pleasing; delightful. [Obs.]
LIEGANCE,Same as Ligeance.
LIEGE,Full; perfect; complete; pure. Burrill. Liege homage (FeudalCustom), that
homage of one sovereign or prince to another whichacknowledged an obligation of
fealty and services.-- Liege poustie Etym: [L. legitima potestas] (Scots Law),
perfect,i. e., legal, power; specif., having health requisite to do legalacts.--
Liege widowhood, perfect, i. e., pure, widowhood. [Obs.]
LIEGEMAN,Same as Liege, n., 2. Chaucer. Spenser.
LIEGER,A resident ambassador. [Obs.] See Leger. Denham.
LIEGIANCY,See Ligeance.
LIEN,of Lie. See lain. Ps. lxviii. 13.
LIENAL,Of or pertaining to the spleen; splenic.
LIENCULUS,One of the small nodules sometimes found in the neighborhood ofthe
spleen; an accessory or supplementary spleen.
LIENO-INTESTINAL,Of or pertaining to the spleen and intestine; as, the lieno-
intestinal vein of the frog.
LIENTERIC,Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, a lientery.-- n. (Med.)
LIENTERY,A diarrhea, in which the food is discharged imperfectlydigested, or with
but little change. Dunglison.
LIER,One who lies down; one who rests or remains, as in concealment.There were
liers in a ambush against him. Josh. viii. 14.
LIERNE RIB,In Gothic vaulting, any rib which does not spring from theimpost and is
not a ridge rib, but passes from one boss orintersection of the principal ribs to
another.
LIEU,Place; room; stead; -- used only in the phrase in lieu of, thatis, instead
of.The plan of extortion had been adopted in lieu of the scheme ofconfiscation.
Burke.
LIEUTENANT GENERAL,. An army officer in rank next below a general and next above
amajor general.
LIEUTENANTRY,See Lieutenancy. [Obs.]
LIEUTENANTSHIP,Same as Lieutenancy, 1.
LIEVE,Same as Lief.
LIF,The fiber by which the petioles of the date palm are boundtogether, from which
various kinds of cordage are made.
LIFE,The potential principle, or force, by which the organs ofanimals and plants
are started and continued in the performance oftheir several and coöperative
functions; the vital force, whetherregarded as physical or spiritual.
LIFE-GIVING,Giving life or spirit; having power to give life;
inspiriting;invigorating.
LIFE-PRESERVER,An apparatus, made in very various forms, and of variousmaterials,
for saving one from drowning by buoying up the body whilein the water.-- Life"-
pre*serv`ing, a.
LIFE-SAVING,That saves life, or is suited to save life, esp. from drowning;as, the
life-saving service; a life-saving station.
LIFE-SIZE,Of full size; of the natural size.
LIFE-WEARY,Weary of living. Shak.
LIFEBOAT,A strong, buoyant boat especially designed for saving the livesof
shipwrecked people.
LIFEFUL,Full of vitality. Spenser.
LIFEHOLD,Land held by a life estate.
LIFELESS,Destitute of life, or deprived of life; not containing, orinhabited by,
living beings or vegetation; dead, or apparently dead;spiritless; powerless; dull;
as, a lifeless carcass; lifeless matter;a lifeless desert; a lifeless wine; a
lifeless story.-- Life"less*ly, adv.-- Life"less*ness, n.
LIFELIKE,Like a living being; resembling life; giving an accuraterepresentation;
as, a lifelike portrait.-- Life"like`ness, n. Poe.
LIFELONG,Lasting or continuing through life. Tennyson.
LIFELY,In a lifelike manner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIFEMATE,Companion for life. Hawthorne.
LIFEN,To enliven. [Obs.] Marston.
LIFESOME,Animated; sprightly. [Poetic] Coleridge.-- Life"some*ness, n.
LIFESPRING,Spring or source of life.
LIFESTRING,A nerve, or string, that is imagined to be essential to life.Daniel.
LIFETIME,The time that life continues.
LIFLODE,Livelihood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIFT,The sky; the atmosphere; the firmament. [Obs. or Scot.]
LIFTABLE,Such as can be lifted.
LIFTER,A tool for lifting loose sand from the mold; also, acontrivance attached to
a cope, to hold the sand together when thecope is lifted.
LIFTING,Used in, or for, or by, lifting. Lifting bridge, a lift bridge.-- Lifting
jack. See 2d Jack, 5.-- Lifting machine. See Health lift, under Health.-- Lifting
pump. (Mach.) (a) A kind of pump having a bucket, orvalved piston, instead of a
solid piston, for drawing water andlifting it to a high level. (b) A pump which
lifts the water only tothe top of the pump, or delivers it through a spout; a lift
pump.-- Lifting rod, a vertical rod lifted by a rock shaft, and impartingmotion to
a puppet valve; -- used in the engines of river steamboats.-- Lifting sail (Naut.),
one which tends to lift a vessel's bow outof water, as jibs and square foresails.
LIG,To recline; to lie still. [Obs. or Scot.] Chaucer. Spenser.
LIGAMENT,Composing a ligament; of the nature of a ligament; binding; as,a strong
ligamentous membrane.
LIGAN,Goods sunk in the sea, with a buoy attached in order that theymay be found
again. See Jetsam and Flotsam. [Written also lagan.]Blackstone.
LIGATE,To tie with a ligature; to bind around; to bandage.
LIGATOR,An instrument for ligating, or for placing and fastening aligature.
LIGATURE,A curve or line connecting notes; a slur.
LIGE,To lie; to tell lies. [Obs.]
LIGEANCE,The connection between sovereign and subject by which they weremutually
bound, the former to protection and the securing of justice,the latter to faithful
service; allegiance. [Written also ligeancyand liegance.] Chaucer.
LIGEMENT,See Ledgment
LIGGE,To lie or recline. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIGHT SIGNALS,A system of signaling in which balls of red and green fire arefired
from a pistol, the arrangement in groups denoting numbershaving a code
significance.
LIGHT YEAR,The distance over which light can travel in a year's time; --used as a
unit in expressing stellar distances. It is more than63,000 times as great as the
distance from the earth to the sun.
LIGHT,The manner in which the light strikes upon a picture; that partof a picture
which represents those objects upon which the light issupposed to fall; the more
illuminated part of a landscape or otherscene; -- opposed to shade. Cf.
Chiaroscuro.
LIGHT-ARMED,Armed with light weapons or accouterments.
LIGHT-BOAT,Light-ship.
LIGHT-FINGERED,Dexterous in taking and conveying away; thievish; pilfering;addicted
to petty thefts. Fuller.
LIGHT-HANDED,Not having a full complement of men; as, a vessel light-handed.
LIGHT-HEARTED,Free from grief or anxiety; gay; cheerful; merry.-- Light"-
heart`ed*ly, adv.-- Light"-heart"ed*ness, n.
LIGHT-HEELED,Lively in walking or running; brisk; light-footed.
LIGHT-HORSEMAN,A West Indian fish of the genus Ephippus, remarkable for itshigh
dorsal fin and brilliant colors.
LIGHT-LEGGED,Nimble; swift of foot. Sir P. Sidney.
LIGHT-MINDED,Unsettled; unsteady; volatile; not considerate.-- Light"-mind`ed*ness,
n.
LIGHT-SHIP,A vessel carrying at the masthead a brilliant light, and mooredoff a
shoal or place of dangerous navigation as a guide for mariners.
LIGHT-WINGED,Having light and active wings; volatile; fleeting. Shak.
LIGHTABLE,Such as can be lighted.
LIGHTE,of Light, to alight. Chaucer.
LIGHTEN,To descend; to light.O Lord, let thy mercy lighten upon us. Book of Common
Prayer [Eng.Ed.]
LIGHTER,One who, or that which, lights; as, a lighter of lamps.
LIGHTERMAN,A person employed on, or who manages, a lighter.
LIGHTFUL,Full of light; bright. [R.] "Lightful presence." Marston.
LIGHTHOUSE,A tower or other building with a powerful light at top, erectedat the
entrance of a port, or at some important point on a coast, toserve as a guide to
mariners at night; a pharos.
LIGHTING,A name sometimes applied to the process of annealing metals.
LIGHTLESS,Destitute of light; dark. Shak.
LIGHTMAN,A man who carries or takes care of a light. T. Brown.
LIGHTNESS,The state, condition, or quality, of being light or not heavy;buoyancy;
levity; fickleness; delicacy; grace.
LIGHTNING,Lightening. [R.]
LIGHTROOM,A small room from which the magazine of a naval vessel islighted, being
separated from the magazine by heavy glass windows.
LIGHTS,The lungs of an animal or bird; -- sometimes coarsely appliedto the lungs of
a human being.
LIGHTSTRUCK,Damaged by accidental exposure to light; light-fogged; -- saidof plates
or films.
LIGHTWEIGHT,Light in weight, as a coin; specif., applied to a man or animalwho is a
lightweight.
LIGHTWOOD,Pine wood abounding in pitch, used for torches in the SouthernUnited
States; pine knots, dry sticks, and the like, for kindling afire quickly or making
a blaze.
LIGHTY,Illuminated. [Obs.] Wyclif.
LIGNEOUS,Made of wood; consisting of wood; of the nature of, orresembling, wood;
woody.It should be tried with shoots of vines and roots of red roses; forit may be
they, being of a moreligneous nature, will incorporate withthe tree itself.
Bacon.Ligneous marble, wood coated or prepared so as to resemble marble.
LIGNIFEROUS,Yielding or producing wood.
LIGNIFICATION,A change in the character of a cell wall, by which it becomesharder.
It is supposed to be due to an incrustation of lignin.
LIGNIFORM,Like wood.
LIGNIFY,To convert into wood or into a ligneous substance.
LIGNIN,A substance characterizing wood cells and differing fromcellulose in its
conduct with certain chemical reagents.
LIGNIPERDOUS,Wood-destroying; -- said of certain insects.
LIGNIREOSE,See Lignin.
LIGNITE,Mineral coal retaining the texture of the wood from which itwas formed, and
burning with an empyreumatic odor. It is of morerecent origin than the anthracite
and bituminous coal of the propercoal series. Called also brown coal, wood coal.
LIGNITIC,Containing lignite; resembling, or of the nature of, lignite;as, lignitic
clay. Lignitic group. See Laramie group.
LIGNITIFEROUS,Producing or containing lignite; lignitic.
LIGNOCERIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the formic acidseries, found
in the tar, wax, or paraffine obtained by distillingcertain kinds of wood, as the
beech.
LIGNONE,See Lignin.
LIGNOSE,See Lignin.
LIGNUM RHODIUM,The fragrant wood of several shrubs and trees, especially ofspecies
of Rhodorhiza from the Canary Islands, and of the West IndianAmyris balsamifera.
LIGNUM-VITAE,A tree (Guaiacum officinale) found in the warm latitudes ofAmerica,
from which the guaiacum of medicine is procured. Its wood isvery hard and heavy,
and is used for various mechanical purposes, asfor the wheels of ships' blocks,
cogs, bearings, and the like. SeeGuaiacum.
LIGROIN,A trade name applied somewhat indefinitely to some of thevolatile products
obtained in refining crude petroleum. It is acomplex and variable mixture of
several hydrocarbons, generally boilsbelow 170º Fahr., and is more inflammable than
safe kerosene. It isused as a solvent, as a carburetant for air gas, and for
illuminationin special lamps.
LIGSAM,Same as Ligan. Brande & C.
LIGULA,See Ligule.
LIGULE,A band of white matter in the wall of fourth ventricle of thebrain.
LIGULIFLOROUS,Bearing only ligulate flowers; -- said of a large suborder
ofcomposite plants, such as the dandelion, hawkweed, etc.
LIGURE,A kind of precious stone.The third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.
Ex. xxviii. 19.
LIGUSTRIN,A bitter principle found in the bark of the privet (Ligustrumvulgare),
and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a warm,bitter taste; -- called
also ligustron.
LIKABLE,Such as can be liked; such as to attract liking; as, a likableperson.
Thackeray.
LIKE-MINDED,Having a like disposition or purpose; of the same mind.Tillotson.
LIKEABLE,See Likable.
LIKEHOOD,Likelihood. [Obs.] South.
LIKELY,In all probability; probably.While man was innocent he was likely ignorant
of nothing thatimported him to know. Glanvill.
LIKENESS,See Lickerish, Lickerishness. Chaucer.
LIKEWISE,In like manner; also; moreover; too. See Also.Go, and do thou likewise.
Luke x. 37.For he seeth that wise men die; likewise the fool and the brutishperson
perish. Ps. xlix. 10.
LIKIN,A Chinese provincial tax levied at many inland stations uponimports or
articles in transit.
LIKING,Looking; appearing; as, better or worse liking. See Like, tolook. [Obs.]
Chaucer.Why should he see your faces worse liking than the children which areof
your sort Dan. i. 10.
LILAC,A shrub of the genus Syringa. There are six species, natives ofEurope and
Asia. Syringa vulgaris, the common lilac, and S. Persica,the Persian lilac, are
frequently cultivated for the fragrance andbeauty of their purplish or white
flowers. In the British coloniesvarious other shrubs have this name.
LILACIN,See Syringin.
LILIAL,Having a general resemblance to lilies or to liliaceous plants.
LILIED,Covered with, or having many, lilies.By sandy Ladon's lilied banks. Milton.
LILL,To loll. [Obs. or Prov.] Spenser.
LILLIPUTIAN,A person or thing of very small size.
LILLY-PILLY,An Australian myrtaceous tree (Eugenia Smithii), having smoothovate
leaves, and panicles of small white flowers. The wood is hardand fine-grained.
LILT,To utter with spirit, animation, or gayety; to sing with spiritand
liveliness.A classic lecture, rich in sentiment, With scraps of thundrous
epiclilted out By violet-hooded doctors. Tennyson.
LILY,A plant and flower of the genus Lilium, endogenous bulbousplants, having a
regular perianth of six colored pieces, six stamens,and a superior three-celled
ovary.
LILY-HANDED,Having white, delicate hands.
LILY-LIVERED,White-livered; cowardly.
LILYWORT,Any plant of the Lily family or order. Lindley.
LIM NAEA,A genus of fresh-water air-breathing mollusks, abundant inponds and
streams; -- called also pond snail. [Written also Lymnæa.]
LIM,A limb. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIMA,The capital city of Peru, in South America. Lima bean. (Bot.)(a) A variety of
climbing or pole bean (Phaseolus lunatus), which hasvery large flattish seeds. (b)
The seed of this plant, much used forfood.-- Lima wood (Bot.), the beautiful dark
wood of the South Americantree Cæsalpinia echinata.
LIMACEOUS,Pertaining to, or like, Limax, or the slugs.
LIMACINA,A genus of small spiral pteropods, common in the Arctic andAntarctic seas.
It contributes to the food of the right whales.
LIMACON,A curve of the fourth degree, invented by Pascal. Its polarequation is r =
a cos + b.
LIMAILLE,Filings of metal. [Obs.] "An ounce . . . of silver lymaille."Chaucer.
LIMAN,The deposit of slime at the mouth of a river; slime.
LIMATION,The act of filing or polishing.
LIMAX,A genus of airbreathing mollusks, including the common gardenslugs. They have
a small rudimentary shell. The breathing pore is onthe right side of the neck.
Several species are troublesome ingardens. See Slug.
LIMB,A border or edge, in certain special uses.(a) (Bot.) The border or upper
spreading part of a monopetalouscorolla, or of a petal, or sepal; blade.(b)
(Astron.) The border or edge of the disk of a heavenly body,especially of the sun
and moon.(c) The graduated margin of an arc or circle, in an instrument
formeasuring angles.
LIMBAT,A cooling periodical wind in the Isle of Cyprus, blowing fromthe northwest
from eight o'clock, A. M., to the middle of the day orlater.
LIMBATE,Bordered, as when one color is surrounded by an edging ofanother.
LIMBEC,An alembic; a still. [Obs.] Spenser. Shak.
LIMBED,Having limbs; -- much used in composition; as, large-limbed;short-
limbed.Innumerous living creatures, perfect forms, Limbed and full grown.Milton.
LIMBER,The shafts or thills of a wagon or carriage. [Prov. Eng.]
LIMBERNESS,The quality or state of being limber; flexibleness. Boyle.
LIMBLESS,Destitute of limbs.
LIMBMEAL,Piecemeal. [Obs.] "To tear her limbmeal." Shak.
LIMBOUS,With slightly overlapping borders; -- said of a suture.
LIME TWIG,. See under 4th Lime.
LIME,A thong by which a dog is led; a leash. Halliwell.
LIME-TWIGGED,Beset with snares; insnared, as with birdlime. L. Addison.
LIMEHOUND,A dog used in hunting the wild boar; a leamer. Spenser.
LIMEKILN,A kiln or furnace in which limestone or shells are burned andreduced to
lime.
LIMELIGHT,That part of the stage upon which the limelight as cast,usually where the
most important action is progressing or where theleading player or players are
placed and upon which the attention ofthe spectators is therefore concentrated.
Hence, consspicuousposition before the public; as, politicians who are never
happyexcept in the limelight.
LIMENEAN,Of or pertaining to Lima, or to the inhabitants of Lima, inPeru.-- n.
LIMER,A limehound; a limmer. Chaucer.
LIMERICK,A nonsense poem of five anapestic lines, of which lines 1, 2,and 5 are of
there feet, and rime, and lines 3 and 4 are of two feet,and rime; as --
LIMESTONE,A rock consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate or carbonate oflime. It
sometimes contains also magnesium carbonate, and is thencalled magnesian or
dolomitic limestone. Crystalline limestone iscalled marble.
LIMEWATER,Water impregnated with lime; esp., an artificial solution oflime for
medicinal purposes.
LIMICOLAE,A group of shore birds, embracing the plovers, sandpipers,snipe, curlew,
etc. ; the Grallæ.
LIMICOLINE,Shore-inhabiting; of or pertaining to the Limicolæ.
LIMINESS,The state or quality of being limy.
LIMIT,A determining feature; a distinguishing characteristic adifferentia.
LIMITABLE,Capable of being limited.
LIMITANEOUS,Of or pertaining to a limit. [Obs.]
LIMITARIAN,Tending to limit.
LIMITATE,Bounded by a distinct line.
LIMITED,Confined within limits; narrow; circumscribed; restricted; as,our views of
nature are very limited. Limited company, a company inwhich the liability of each
shareholder is limited by the number ofshares he has taken, so that he can not be
called on to contributebeyond the amount of his shares. [Eng.] Mozley & W.
LIMITEDLY,With limitation.
LIMITEDNESS,The quality of being limited.
LIMITIVE,Involving a limit; as, a limitive law, one designed to limitexisting
powers. [R.]
LIMITLESS,Having no limits; unbounded; boundless. Davies (Wit's Pilgr.).
LIMITOUR,See Limiter, 2.
LIMMER,Limber. [Obs.] Holland.
LIMNER,A painter; an artist; esp.:(a) One who paints portraits.(b) One who
illuminates books. [Archaic]
LIMNIAD,See Limoniad.
LIMNING,The act, process, or art of one who limns; the picture ordecoration so
produced.Adorned with illumination which we now call limning. Wood.
LIMOGES,A city of Southern France. Limoges enamel, a kind of enamelware in which
the enamel is applied to the whole surface of a metalplaque, vase, or the like, and
painted in enamel colors. The art wasbrought to a high degree of perfection in
Limoges in the 16thcentury.-- Limoges ware. (a) Articles decorated with Limoges
enamel. (b)Articles of porcelain, etc., manufactured at Limoges.
LIMONIAD,A nymph of the meadows; -- called also Limniad.
LIMONIN,A bitter, white, crystalline substance found in orange andlemon seeds.
LIMONITE,Hydrous sesquixoide of iron, an important ore of iron,occurring in
stalactitic, mammillary, or earthy forms, of a darkbrown color, yellowish brown
powder. It includes bog iron. Alsocalled brown hematite.
LIMOSIS,A ravenous appetite caused by disease; excessive and morbidhunger.
LIMOUS,Muddy; slimy; thick. Sir T. Browne.
LIMOUSINE,An automobile body with seats and permanent top like a coupé,and with the
top projecting over the driver and a projecting front;also, an automobile with such
a body.
LIMP,To halt; to walk lamely. Also used figuratively. Shak.
LIMPER,One who limps.
LIMPID,Characterized by clearness or transparency; clear; as, a
limpidstream.Springs which were clear, fresh, and limpid. Woodward.
LIMPIDITY,The quality or state of being limpid.
LIMPIDNESS,Quality of being limpid; limpidity.
LIMPIN,A limpet. [Obs.] Holland.
LIMPINGLY,In a limping manner.
LIMPITUDE,Limpidity. [Obs.]
LIMPKIN,Either one of two species of wading birds of the genus Aramus,intermediate
between the cranes and rails. The limpkins areremarkable for the great length of
the toes. One species (A.giganteus) inhabits Florida and the West Indies; the other
(A.scolopaceus) is found in South America. Called also courlan, andcrying bird.
LIMPNESS,The quality or state of being limp.
LIMU,The Hawaiian name for seaweeds. Over sixty kinds are used asfood, and have
species names, as Limu Lipoa, Limu palawai, etc.
LIMULE,A limulus.
LIMULOIDEA,An order of Merostomata, including among living animals thegenus
Limulus, with various allied fossil genera, mostly of theCarboniferous period.
Called also Xiphosura.
LIMULUS,The only existing genus of Merostomata. It includes only a fewspecies from
the East Indies, and one (Limulus polyphemus) from theAtlantic coast of North
America. Called also Molucca crab, king crab,horseshoe crab, and horsefoot.
LIN,To yield; to stop; to cease. [Obs. or Scot.] Marsion.
LINAGE,See Lineage. [Obs.] Holland.
LINAMENT,Lint; esp., lint made into a tent for insertion into wounds orulcers.
LINARITE,A hydrous sulphate of lead and copper occurring in bright bluemonoclinic
crystals.
LINCH,A ledge; a right-angled projection.
LINCHI,An esculent swallow.
LINCHPIN,A pin used to prevent the wheel of a vehicle from sliding offthe axletree.
LINCOLN GREEN,. A color of cloth formerly made in Lincoln, England; the
clothitself.
LIND,The linden. See Linden. Chaucer.
LINDIA,A peculiar genus of rotifers, remarkable for the absence ofciliated disks.
By some zoölogists it is thought to be like theancestral form of the Arthropoda.
LINDIFORM,Resembling the genus Lindia; -- said of certain apodous insectlarvæ. [See
Illust. under Larva.]
LINE,A verse, or the words which form a certain number of feet,according to the
measure.In the preceding line Ulysses speaks of Nausicaa. Broome.
LINEAGE,Descent in a line from a common progenitor; progeny; race;descending line
of offspring or ascending line of parentage.Both the lineage and the certain sire
From which I sprung, from meare hidden yet. Spenser.
LINEALITY,The quality of being linea
LINEALLY,In a lineal manner; as, the prince is lineally descended fromthe
Conqueror.
LINEAMENT,One of the outlines, exterior features, or distinctive marks,of a body or
figure, particularly of the face; feature; form; mark; -- usually in the plural.
"The lineaments of the body." Locke."Lineaments in the character." Swift.Man he
seems In all his lineaments. Milton.
LINEAR,Like a line; narrow; of the same breadth throughout, except atthe
extremities; as, a linear leaf. Linear differential (Math.), anequation which is of
the first degree, when the expression which isequated to zero is regarded as a
function of the dependent variableand its differential coefficients.-- Linear
equation (Math.), an equation of the first degree betweentwo variables; -- so
called because every such equation may beconsidered as representing a right line.--
Linear measure, the measurement of length.-- Linear numbers (Math.), such numbers
as have relation to lengthonly: such is a number which represents one side of a
plane figure.If the plane figure is square, the linear figure is called a root.--
Linear problem (Geom.), a problem which may be solvedgeometrically by the use of
right lines alone.-- Linear transformation (Alg.), a change of variables where
eachvariable is replaced by a function of the first degree in the newvariable.
LINEAR-SHAPED,Of a linear shape.
LINEARENSATE,Having the form of a sword, but very long and narrow.
LINEARLY,In a linear manner; with lines.
LINEARY,Linear. Holland.
LINEATION,Delineation; a line or lines.
LINEATURE,Anything having outline. [R.] Holland.
LINEN,Made of linen; as, linen cloth; a linen stocking.
LINENER,A dealer in linen; a linen draper. [Obs.]
LINEOLATE,Marked with little lines.
LINER,A thin piece placed between two parts to hold or adjust them,fill a space,
etc., ; a shim.
LING,Heather (Calluna vulgaris). Ling honey, a sort of wild honey,made from the
flowers of the heather. Holland.
LING-BIRD,The European meadow pipit; -- called also titling.
LINGENCE,A linctus. [Obs.] Fuller.
LINGER,To delay; to loiter; to remain or wait long; to be slow orreluctant in
parting or moving; to be slow in deciding; to be insuspense; to hesitate.Nor cast
one longing, lingering look behind. Gray.Perhaps thou linger'st, in deep thoughts
detained. Milton.
LINGERER,One who lingers. Guardian.
LINGERIE,Linen goods collectively; linen underwear, esp. of women; theclothing of
linen and cotton with its lace, etc., worn by a women.
LINGERINGLY,With delay; slowly; tediously.
LINGET,An ingot. [Written also lingot.]
LINGISM,A mode of treating certain diseases, as obesity, by gymnastics;-- proposed
by Pehr Henrik Ling, a Swede. See Kinesiatrics.
LINGLE,See Lingel.
LINGO,Language; speech; dialect. [Slang]
LINGOA WOOD,. Amboyna wood.
LINGOT,A linget or ingot; also, a mold for casting metals. See Linget.
LINGUA FRANCA,The commercial language of the Levant, -- a mixture of thelanguage of
the people of the region and foreign traders.
LINGUACIOUS,Given to the use of the tongue; loquacious. [Obs.]
LINGUADENTAL,Formed or uttered by the joint use of the tongue and teeth, orrather
that part of the gum just above the front teeth; dentolingual,as the letters d and
t.
LINGUAL,Of or pertaining to the tongue; uttered by the aid of thetongue; glossal;
as, the lingual nerves; a lingual letter. Lingualribbon. (Zoöl.) See Odontophore.
LINGUALITY,The quality of being lingual.
LINGUATULIDA,Same as Linguatulina.
LINGUATULINA,An order of wormlike, degraded, parasitic arachnids. They havetwo
pairs of retractile hooks, near the mouth. Called alsoPentastomida.
LINGUIDENTAL,Linguadental.
LINGUIFORM,Having the form of the tongue; tongue-shaped.
LINGUIST,Of or pertaining to language; relating to linguistics, or tothe affinities
of languages.
LINGUISTICALLY,In a linguistic manner; from the point of view of a linguist.Tylor.
LINGUISTICS,The science of languages, or of the origin, signification,
andapplication of words; glossology.
LINGULA,A tonguelike process or part.
LINGULATE,Shaped like the tongue or a strap; ligulate.
LINIGEROUS,Bearing flax; producing linen.
LINIMENT,A liquid or semiliquid preparation of a consistence thinnerthan an
ointment, applied to the skin by friction, esp. one used as asedative or a
stimulant.
LINK MOTION,A valve gear, consisting of two eccentrics with their rods,giving
motion to a slide valve by an adjustable connecting bar,called the link, in such a
way that the motion of the engine can bereversed, or the cut-off varied, at will;
-- used very generally inlocomotives and marine engines.
LINK,A torch made of tow and pitch, or the like. Shak.
LINKAGE,Manner of linking or of being linked; -- said of the union ofatoms or
radicals in the molecule.
LINKS,A tract of ground laid out for the game of golf; a golfinggreen.
LINNAEA BOREALIS,The twin flower which grows in cold northern climates.
LINNAEITE,A mineral of pale steel-gray color and metallic luster,occurring in
isometric crystals, and also massive. It is a sulphideof cobalt containing some
nickel or copper.
LINNE,Flax. See Linen. [Obs.]
LINNET,Any one of several species of fringilline birds of the generaLinota,
Acanthis, and allied genera, esp. the common European species(L. cannabina), which,
in full summer plumage, is chestnut brownabove, with the breast more or less
crimson. The feathers of its headare grayish brown, tipped with crimson. Called
also gray linnet, redlinnet, rose linnet, brown linnet, lintie, lintwhite, gorse
thatcher,linnet finch, and greater redpoll. The American redpoll linnet(Acanthis
linaria) often has the crown and throat rosy. See Redpoll,and Twite. Green linnet
(Zoöl.), the European green finch.
LINOLEATE,A salt of linoleic acid.
LINOLEIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, linoleum, or linseed oil;specifically
(Chem.), designating an organic acid, a thin yellow oil,found combined as a salt of
glycerin in oils of linseed, poppy, hemp,and certain nuts.
LINOXIN,A resinous substance obtained as an oxidation product oflinoleic acid.
[Written also linoxyn.]
LINSANG,Any viverrine mammal of the genus Prionodon, inhabiting theEast Indies and
Southern Asia. The common East Indian linsang (P.gracilis) is white, crossed by
broad, black bands. The Guinea linsang(Porana Richardsonii) is brown with black
spots.
LINSEED,The seeds of flax, from which linseed oil is obtained. [Writtenalso
lintseed.] Linseed cake, the solid mass or cake which remainswhen oil is
expressed.-- Linseed meal, linseed cake reduced to powder.-- Linseed oil, oil
obtained by pressure from flaxseed.
LINSEY,Linsey-woolsey.
LINSEY-WOOLSEY,Made of linen and wool; hence, of different and unsuitableparts;
mean. Johnson.
LINSTOCK,A pointed forked staff, shod with iron at the foot, to hold alighted match
for firing cannon. [Written also lintstock.]
LINTEL,A horizontal member spanning an opening, and carrying thesuperincumbent
weight by means of its strength in resisting crosswisefracture.
LINTSEED,See Linseed.
LINUM,A genus of herbaceous plants including the flax (Linumusitatissimum).
LION,A large carnivorous feline mammal (Felis leo), found inSouthern Asia and in
most parts of Africa, distinct varietiesoccurring in the different countries. The
adult male, in mostvarieties, has a thick mane of long shaggy hair that adds to
hisapparent size, which is less than that of the largest tigers. Thelength,
however, is sometimes eleven feet to the base of the tail.The color is a tawny
yellow or yellowish brown; the mane is darker,and the terminal tuft of the tail is
black. In one variety, calledthe maneless lion, the male has only a slight mane.
LION-HEART,A very brave person.
LION-HEARTED,Very brave; brave and magnanimous. Sir W. Scott.
LIONCED,Adorned with lions heads; having arms terminating in lions'heads; -- said
of a cross. [Written also leonced.]
LIONCEL,A small lion, especially one of several borne in the same coatof arms.
LIONEL,The whelp of a lioness; a young lion.
LIONESS,A female lion.
LIONET,A young or small lion.
LIONHOOD,State of being a lion. Carlyle.
LIONISM,An attracting of attention, as a lion; also, the treating orregarding as a
lion.
LIONLIKE,Like a lion; brave as a lion.
LIONLY,Like a lion; fierce. [Obs.] Milton.
LIONSHIP,The state of being a lion.
LIP,One of the edges of the aperture of a univalve shell. Lip bit,a pod auger. See
Auger.-- Lip comfort, comfort that is given with words only.-- Lip comforter, one
who comforts with words only.-- Lip labor, unfelt or insincere speech; hypocrisy.
Bale.-- Lip reading, the catching of the words or meaning of one speakingby
watching the motion of his lips without hearing his voice.Carpenter.-- Lip salve, a
salve for sore lips.-- Lip service, expression by the lips of obedience and
devotionwithout the performance of acts suitable to such sentiments.-- Lip wisdom,
wise talk without practice, or unsupported byexperience.-- Lip work. (a) Talk. (b)
Kissing. [Humorous] B. Jonson.-- Lip make a lip, to drop the under lip in
sullenness or contempt.Shak.-- To shoot out the lip (Script.), to show contempt by
protrudingthe lip.
LIPAEMIA,A condition in which fat occurs in the blood.
LIPANS,A tribe of North American Inedians, inhabiting the northernpart of Mexico.
They belong to the Tinneh stock, and are closelyrelated to the Apaches.
LIPARIAN,Any species of a family (Liparidæ) of destructive bombycidmoths, as the
tussock moths.
LIPARITE,A quartzose trachyte; rhyolite.
LIPIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, fat. The word was formerly usedspecifically
to designate a supposed acid obtained by the oxidationof oleic acid, tallow, wax,
etc.
LIPINIC,Lipic.
LIPLESS,, Having no lips.
LIPLET,A little lip.
LIPOCEPHALA,Same as Lamellibranchia.
LIPOCHRIN,A yellow coloring matter, soluble in ether, contained in thesmall round
fat drops in the retinal epithelium cells. It is bestobtained from the eyes of
frogs.
LIPOGRAM,A writing composed of words not having a certain letters; -- asin the
Odyssey of Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no Bin the second, and so
on.
LIPOGRAMMATIC,Omitting a letter; composed of words not having a certainletter or
letters; as, lipogrammatic writings.
LIPOGRAMMATIST,One who makes a lipogram.
LIPOMA,A tumor consisting of fat or adipose tissue.-- Li*pom"a*tous, a.
LIPOTHYMIC,Tending to swoon; fainting. [Written also leipothymic.]
LIPOTHYMOUS,Pertaining, or given, to swooning; fainting.
LIPOTHYMY,A fainting; a swoon. Jer. Taylor.
LIPPED,Labiate.
LIPPITUDE,Soreness of eyes; the state of being blear-eyes; blearedness.
LIPSE,To lisp. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LIPYL,A hypothetical radical of glycerin. [Obs.] Berzelius.
LIQUABLE,Capable of being melted.
LIQUATE,To melt; to become liquid. [Obs.] Woodward.
LIQUATION,The process of separating, by heat, an easily fusible metalfrom one less
fusible; eliquation.
LIQUEFACIENT,An agent, as mercury, iodine, etc., which promotes theliquefying
processes of the system, and increases the secretions.
LIQUEFACTION,The act, process, or method, of reducing a gas or vapor to aliquid by
cold or pressure; as, the liquefaction of oxygen orhydrogen.
LIQUEFIABLE,Capable of being changed from a solid to a liquid state.
LIQUEFIER,That which liquefies.
LIQUEFY,To convert from a solid form to that of a liquid; to melt; todissolve; and
technically, to melt by the sole agency of heat.
LIQUESCENCY,The quality or state of being liquescent. Johnson.
LIQUESCENT,Tending to become liquid; inclined to melt to melt; melting.
LIQUEUR,An aromatic alcoholic cordial.
LIQUID AIR,A transparent limpid liquid, slightly blue in color, consistingof a
mixture of liquefied oxygen and nitrogen. It is prepared bysubjecting air to great
pressure and then cooling it by its ownexpansion to a temperature below the boiling
point of itsconstituents (N -194º C; O -183º C.).
LIQUID,Being in such a state that the component parts move amongthemselves, but do
not tend to separate from each other as theparticles of gases and vapors do;
neither solid nor aëriform; as,liquid mercury, in distinction from mercury
solidified or in a stateof vapor.
LIQUIDAMBAR,A genus consisting of two species of tall trees having star-shaped
leaves, and woody burlike fruit. Liquidambar styraciflua isthe North American sweet
qum, and L. Orientalis is found in AsiaMinor.
LIQUIDAMBER,See Liquidambar.
LIQUIDATE,To determine by agreement or by litigation the precise amountof
(indebtedness); or, where there is an indebtedness to more thanone person, to
determine the precise amount of (each indebtedness);to make the amount of (an
indebtedness); clear and certain.A debt or demand is liquidated whenever the amount
due is agreed onby the parties, or fixed by the operation of law. 15 Ga. Rep.
821.If our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe youwould be
brought in considerable debtor. Chesterfield.
LIQUIDATION,The act or process of liquidating; the state of beingliquidated. To go
into liquidation (Law), to turn over to a trusteeone's assets and accounts, in
order that the several amounts of one'sindebtedness be authoritatively ascertained,
and that the assets maybe applied toward their discharge.
LIQUIDITY,The state or quality of being liquid.
LIQUIDIZE,To render liquid.
LIQUIDLY,In a liquid manner; flowingly.
LIQUIDNESS,The quality or state of being liquid; liquidity; fluency.
LIQUOR,A solution of a medicinal substance in water; -- distinguishedfrom tincture
and aqua.
LIQUORICE,See Licorice.
LIQUORISH,See Lickerish. [Obs.] Shak.
LIQUOROUS,Eagerly desirous. See Lickerish. [Obs.] Marston.
LIRA,An Italian coin equivalent in value to the French franc.
LIRELLA,A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the fruit ofcertain lichens.
LIRELLIFORM,Like a lirella. [Written also lirellæform.]
LIRIODENDRON,A genus of large and very beautiful trees of North America,having
smooth, shining leaves, and handsome, tuliplike flowers; tuliptree; whitewood; --
called also canoewood. Liriodendron tulipifera isthe only extant species, but there
were several others in theCretaceous epoch.
LIRIPIPE,See Liripoop.
LIROCONITE,A hydrated arseniate of copper, occurring in obtuse pyramidalcrystals of
a sky-blue or verdigris-green color.
LISBON,A sweet, light-colored species of wine, produced in theprovince of
Estremadura, and so called as being shipped from Lisbon,in Portugal.
LISLE,A city of France celebrated for certain manufactures. Lisleglove, a fine
summer glove, made of Lisle thread.-- Lisle lace, a fine handmade lace, made at
Lisle.-- Lisle thread, a hard twisted cotton thread, originally producedat Lisle.
LISNE,A cavity or hollow.[Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
LISP,The habit or act of lisping. See Lisp, v. i., 1.I overheard her answer, with a
very pretty lisp, "O! Strephon, youare a dangerous creature." Tatler.
LISPER,One who lisps.
LISPINGLY,With a lisp; in a lisping manner.
LISS,Release; remission; ease; relief. [Obs.] "Of penance had alisse." Chaucer.
LISSENCEPHALA,A general name for all those placental mammals that have abrain with
few or no cerebral convolutions, as Rodentia, Insectivora,etc.
LIST,A line inclosing or forming the extremity of a piece of ground,or field of
combat; hence, in the plural (lists), the ground or fieldinclosed for a race or
combat. Chaucer.In measured lists to toss the weighty lance. Pope.To enter the
lists, to accept a challenge, or engage in contest.
LISTEL,Same as List, n., 6.
LISTEN,To attend to. [Obs.] Shak.
LISTENER,One who listens; a hearkener.
LISTER,One who makes a list or roll.
LISTERIAN,Of or pertaining to listerism.
LISTERISM,The systematic use of antiseptics in the performance ofoperations and the
treatment of wounds; -- so called from JosephLister, an English surgeon.
LISTERIZE,To make antiseptic.
LISTFUL,Attentive [Obs.] Spenser.
LISTING,The sapwood cut from the edge of a board.
LISTLESS,Having no desire or inclination; indifferent; heedless;spiritless. " A
listless unconcern." Thomson.Benumbed with cold, and listless of their gain.
Dryden.I was listless, and desponding. Swift.
LIT,, a form of the imp. & p. p. of Light.
LITANY,A solemn form of supplication in the public worship of variouschurches, in
which the clergy and congregation join, the formerleading and the latter responding
in alternate sentences. It isusually of a penitential character.Supplications . . .
for the appeasing of God's wrath were of theGreek church termed litanies, and
rogations of the Latin. Hooker.
LITARGE,Litharge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LITCHI,The fruit of a tree native to China (Nephelium Litchi). It isnutlike, having
a rough but tender shell, containing an aromaticpulp, and a single large seed. In
the dried fruit which is exportedthe pulp somewhat resembles a raisin in color and
form. [Written alsolichi, and lychee.] -- lite. See -lith.
LITE,Little. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LITERACY,State of being literate.
LITERAL,Literal meaning. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
LITERALISM,The tendency or disposition to represent objects faithfully,without
abstraction, conventionalities, or idealization.
LITERALIST,One who adheres to the letter or exact word; an interpreteraccording to
the letter.
LITERALITY,The state or quality of being literal. Sir T. Browne.
LITERALIZATION,The act of literalizing; reduction to a literal meaning.
LITERALIZE,To make literal; to interpret or put in practice according tothe strict
meaning of the words; -- opposed to spiritualize; as, toliteralize Scripture.
LITERALIZER,A literalist.
LITERALNESS,The quality or state of being literal; literal import.
LITERATE,Instructed in learning, science, or literature; learned;lettered.The
literate now chose their emperor, as the military chose theirs.Landor.
LITERATI,Learned or literary men. See Literatus.Shakespearean commentators, and
other literati. Craik.
LITERATIM,Letter for letter.
LITERATION,The act or process of representing by letters.
LITERATUS,A learned man; a man acquainted with literature; -- chieflyused in the
plural.Now we are to consider that our bright ideal of a literatus maychance to be
maimed. De Quincey.
LITH,3d pers. sing. pres. of Lie, to recline, for lieth. Chaucer.
LITHAEMIA,A condition in which uric (lithic) acid is present in theblood.
LITHAGOGUE,A medicine having, or supposed to have, the power of expellingcalculous
matter with the urine. Hooper.
LITHARGE,Lead monoxide; a yellowish red substance, obtained as anamorphous powder,
or crystallized in fine scales, by heating leadmoderately in a current of air or by
calcining lead nitrate orcarbonate. It is used in making flint glass, in glazing
earthenware,in making red lead minium, etc. Called also massicot.
LITHARGYRUM,Crystallized litharge, obtained by fusion in the form of fineyellow
scales.
LITHATE,A salt of lithic or uric acid; a urate. [Obs.] [Written alsolithiate.]
LITHE,To listen or listen to; to hearken to. [Obs.] P. Plowman.
LITHELY,In a lithe, pliant, or flexible manner.
LITHENESS,The quality or state of being lithe; flexibility; limberness.
LITHER,Bad; wicked; false; worthless; slothful. [Obs.] Chaucer.Not lither in
business, fervent in spirit. Bp. Woolton.
LITHERLY,Crafty; cunning; mischievous; wicked; treacherous;lazy.[Archaic]He [the
dwarf] was waspish, arch, and litherly. Sir W. Scott.
LITHESOME,Pliant; limber; flexible; supple; nimble; lissom.-- Lithe"some*ness, n.
LITHIA,The oxide of lithium; a strong alkaline caustic similar topotash and soda,
but weaker. See Lithium. Lithia emerald. SeeHiddenite.
LITHIASIS,The formation of stony concretions or calculi in any part ofthe body,
especially in the bladder and urinary passages. Dunglison.
LITHIC,Pertaining to the formation of uric-acid concretions (stone) inthe bladder
and other parts of the body; as, lithic diathesis. LIthicacid (Old Med. Chem.),
uric acid. See Uric acid, under Uric.
LITHIOPHILITE,A phosphate of manganese and lithium; a variety of triphylite.
LITHIUM,A metallic element of the alkaline group, occurring in severalminerals, as
petalite, spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., andotherwise widely
disseminated, though in small quantities.
LITHO,A combining form from Gr. stone.
LITHOBILIC,Pertaining to or designating an organic acid of the tartaricacid series,
distinct from lithofellic acid, but, like it, obtainedfrom certain bile products,
as bezoar stones.
LITHOCARP,Fossil fruit; a fruit petrified; a carpolite.
LITHOCHROMATICS,See Lithochromics.
LITHOCHROMICS,The art of printing colored pictures on canvas from oilpaintings on
stone.
LITHOCLAST,An instrument for crushing stones in the bladder.
LITHOCYST,A sac containing small, calcareous concretions (otoliths). Theyare found
in many Medusæ, and other invertebrates, and are supposedto be auditory organs.
LITHODOME,Any one of several species of bivalves, which form holes inlimestone, in
which they live; esp., any species of the genusLithodomus.
LITHODOMOUS,Like, or pertaining to, Lithodomus; lithophagous.
LITHODOMUS,A genus of elongated bivalve shells, allied to the mussels,
andremarkable for their ability to bore holes for shelter, in solidlimestone,
shells, etc. Called also Lithophagus.
LITHOFELLIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline, organic acid,resembling
cholic acid, found in the biliary intestinal concretions(bezoar stones) common in
certain species of antelope.
LITHOFRACTEUR,An explosive compound of nitroglycerin. See Nitroglycerin.
LITHOGENESY,The doctrine or science of the origin of the minerals composingthe
globe.
LITHOGENOUS,Stone-producing; -- said of polyps which form coral.
LITHOGLYPH,An engraving on a gem.
LITHOGLYPHER,One who curs or engraves precious stones.
LITHOGLYPHIC,Of or pertaining to the art of cutting and engraving preciousstones.
LITHOGLYPTICS,The art of cutting and engraving gems.
LITHOGRAPH,To trace on stone by the process of lithography so as totransfer the
design to paper by printing; as, to lithograph a design;to lithograph a painting.
See Lithography.
LITHOGRAPHER,One who lithographs; one who practices lithography.
LITHOGRAPHY,The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a
greasymaterial, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom.The
process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between greaseand water, which
prevents a printing ink containing oil from adheringto wetted parts of the stone
not covered by the design. SeeLithographic limestone, under Lithographic.
LITHOLATRY,The worship of a stone or stones.
LITHOLOGICALLY,From a lithological point of view; as, to consider a
stratumlithologically.
LITHOLOGIST,One who is skilled in lithology.
LITHOLOGY,A treatise on stones found in the body.
LITHOMANCY,Divination by means of stones.
LITHOMARGE,A clay of a fine smooth texture, and very sectile.
LITHONTRIPTIC,Having the quality of, or used for, dissolving or destroyingstone in
the bladder or kidneys; as, lithontriptic forcéps.-- n.
LITHONTRIPTIST,Same as Lithotriptist.
LITHONTRIPTOR,See Lithotriptor.
LITHOPHANE,Porcelain impressed with figures which are made distinct bytransmitted
light, -- as when hung in a window, or used as a lampshade.
LITHOPHOSPHOR,A stone that becomes phosphoric by heat.
LITHOPHOSPHORIC,Pertaining to lithophosphor; becoming phosphoric by heat.
LITHOPHOTOGRAPHY,Same as Photolithography.
LITHOPHYLL,A fossil leaf or impression of a leaf.
LITHOPHYSE,A spherulitic cavity often with concentric chambers, observedin some
volcanic rocks, as in rhyolitic lavas. It is supposed to beproduced by expanding
gas, whence the name.
LITHOPHYTE,A hard, or stony, plantlike organism, as the gorgonians,corals, and
corallines, esp. those gorgonians having a calcareousaxis. All the lithophytes
except the corallines are animals.
LITHOPHYTIC,Of or pertaining to lithophytes.
LITHOPHYTOUS,Lithophytic.
LITHOSIAN,Any one of various species of moths belonging to the familyLithosidæ.
Many of them are beautifully colored.
LITHOTOME,An instrument used for cutting the bladder in operations forthe stone.
LITHOTOMIST,One who performs the operation of cutting for stone in thebladder, or
one who is skilled in the operation.
LITHOTOMY,The operation, art, or practice of cutting for stone in thebladder.
LITHOTRIPSY,The operation of crushing a stone in the bladder with aninstrument
called lithotriptor or lithotrite; lithotrity.
LITHOTRIPTIC,Same as Lithontriptic.
LITHOTRIPTIST,One skilled in breaking and extracting stone in the bladder.
LITHOTRIPTOR,An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; alithotrite.
LITHOTRITIST,A lithotriptist.
LITHOTRITY,The operation of breaking a stone in the bladder into smallpieces
capable of being voided.
LITHOTYPE,A kind of stereotype plate made by lithotypy; also, that whichin printed
from it. See Lithotypy.
LITHOTYPIC,Of, pertaining to, or produced by, lithotypy.
LITHOTYPY,The art or process of making a kind of hard, stereotypeplate,by pressing
into a mold, taken from a page of type or other matter, acomposition of gum shell-
lac and sand of a fine quality, togetherwith a little tar and linseed oil, all in a
heated state.
LITHOXYL,Petrified wood. [Obs.]
LITHUANIAN,Of or pertaining to Lithuania (formerly a principality unitedwith
Poland, but now Russian and Prussian territory).
LITHY,Easily bent; pliable. Lithy tree (Bot.), a European shrub(Viburnum Lantana);
-- so named from its tough and flexible stem.
LITIGABLE,Such as can be litigated.
LITIGANT,Disposed to litigate; contending in law; engaged in a lawsuit;as, the
parties litigant. Ayliffe.
LITIGATE,To make the subject of a lawsuit; to contest in law; toprosecute or defend
by pleadings, exhibition of evidence, andjudicial debate in a court; as, to
litigate a cause.
LITIGATION,The act or process of litigating; a suit at law; a judicialcontest.
LITIGATOR,One who litigates.
LITIGIOUSLY,In a litigious manner.
LITIGIOUSNESS,The state of being litigious; disposition to engage in or carryon
lawsuits.
LITMUS,A dyestuff extracted from certain lichens (Roccella tinctoria,Lecanora
tartarea, etc.), as a blue amorphous mass which consists ofa compound of the
alkaline carbonates with certain coloring mattersrelated to orcin and orcein.
LITOTES,A diminution or softening of statement for the sake of avoidingcensure or
increasing the effect by contrast with the moderationshown in the form of
expression; as, " a citizen of no mean city,"that is, of an illustrious city.
LITRANETER,An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of liquids.
LITRE,Same as Liter.
LITTERATEUR,One who occupies himself with literature; a literary man; aliteratus. "
Befriended by one kind-hearted littérateur afteranother." C. Kingsley.
LITTERY,Covered or encumbered with litter; consisting of orconstituting litter.
LITTLE,In a small quantity or degree; not much; slightly; somewhat; --often with a
preceding it. " The poor sleep little." Otway.
LITTLE-EASE,An old slang name for the pillory, stocks, etc., of aprison.[Eng.]
Latimer.
LITTLENESS,The state or quality of being little; as, littleness of size,thought,
duration, power, etc.
LITTORAL,Inhabiting the seashore, esp. the zone between high-water andlow-water
mark.
LITTORINA,A genus of small pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiralshells,
abundant between tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. Theyfeed on seaweeds. The
common periwinkle is a well-known example. SeePeriwinkle.
LITTRESS,A smooth kind of cartridge paper used for making cards. Knight.
LITUATE,Forked, with the points slightly curved outward.
LITUIFORM,Having the form of a lituus; like a lituite.
LITUITE,Any species of ammonites of the genus Lituites. They are foundin the
Cretaceous formation.
LITURATE,Having indistinct spots, paler at their margins.
LITURGICALLY,In the manner of a liturgy.
LITURGICS,The science of worship; history, doctrine, and interpretationof
liturgies.
LITURGIOLOGIST,One versed in liturgiology.
LITURGIOLOGY,The science treating of liturgical matters; a treatise on,
ordescription of, liturgies. Shipley.
LITURGIST,One who favors or adheres strictly to a liturgy. Milton.
LITURGY,An established formula for public worship, or the entire ritualfor public
worship in a church which uses prescribed forms; aformulary for public prayer or
devotion. In the Roman Catholic Churchit includes all forms and services in any
language, in any part ofthe world, for the celebration of Mass.
LITUUS,A spiral whose polar equation is r2th = a; that is, a curve thesquare of
whose radius vector varies inversely as the angle which theradius vector makes with
a given line.
LIVE,Imparting power; having motion; as, the live spindle of alathe. Live birth,
the condition of being born in such a state thatacts of life are manifested after
the extrusion of the whole body.Dunglison.-- Live box, a cell for holding living
objects under microscopicalexamination. P. H. Gosse.-- Live feathers, feathers
which have been plucked from the livingbird, and are therefore stronger and more
elastic.-- Live gang. (Sawing) See under Gang.-- Live grass (Bot.), a grass of the
genus Eragrostis.-- Live load (Engin.), a suddenly applied load; a varying load;
amoving load; as a moving train of cars on a bridge, or wind pressureon a roof.
Live oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus virens),growing in the Southern States,
of great durability, and highlyesteemed for ship timber. In California the Q.
chrysolepis and someother species are also called live oaks.-- Live ring (Engin.),
a circular train of rollers upon which aswing bridge, or turntable, rests, and
which travels around acircular track when the bridge or table turns.-- Live steam ,
steam direct from the boiler, used for any purpose,in distinction from exhaust
steam.-- Live stock, horses, cattle, and other domestic animals kept on afarm.
whole body.
LIVE-FOREVER,A plant (Sedum Telephium) with fleshy leaves, which has extremepowers
of resisting drought; garden ox-pine.
LIVED,Having life; -- used only in composition; as, long-lived;short-lived.
LIVELIHED,See Livelihood. [Obs.]
LIVELIHOOD,Subsistence or living, as dependent on some means of support;support of
life; maintenance.The opportunities of gaining an honest livelihood. Addison.It is
their profession and livelihood to get their living bypractices for which they
deserve to forfeit their lives. South.
LIVELILY,In a lively manner. [Obs.] Lamb.
LIVELODE,Course of life; means of support; livelihood. [Obs.]
LIVER,A very large glandular and vascular organ in the visceralcavity of all
vertebrates.
LIVER-COLORED,Having a color like liver; dark reddish brown.
LIVER-GROWN,Having an enlarged liver. Dunglison.
LIVERED,Having (such) a liver; used in composition; as, white-livered.
LIVERIED,Wearing a livery. See Livery, 3.The liveried servants wait. Parnell.
LIVERING,A kind of pudding or sausage made of liver or pork. [Obs.]Chapman.
LIVERLEAF,Same as Liverwort.
LIVERY STABLE,. A stable where horses are kept for hire, and where stablingis
provided. See Livery, n., 3 (e) (f) & (g).
LIVERY,To clothe in, or as in, livery. Shak.
LIVES,pl. of Life.
LIVID,Black and blue; grayish blue; of a lead color; discolored, asflesh by
contusion. Cowper.There followed no carbuncles, no purple or livid spots, the mass
ofthe blood not being tainted. Bacon.
LIVIDITY,The state or quality of being livid.
LIVIDNESS,Lividity. Walpole.
LIVING PICTURE,A tableau in which persons take part; also, specif., such atableau
as imitating a work of art.
LIVINGLY,In a living state. Sir T. Browne.
LIVINGNESS,The state or quality of being alive; possession of energy orvigor;
animation; quickening.
LIVONIAN,Of or pertaining to Livonia, a district of Russia near theBaltic Sea.
LIVOR,Malignity. [P.] Burton.
LIVRAISON,A part of a book or literary composition printed and deliveredby itself;
a number; a part.
LIVRE,A French money of account, afterward a silver coin equal to 20sous. It is not
now in use, having been superseded by the franc.
LIXIVIATE,To subject to a washing process for the purpose of separatingsoluble
material from that which is insoluble; to leach, as ashes,for the purpose of
extracting the alkaline substances.
LIXIVIATION,Lixiviating; the process of separating a soluble substance formone that
is insoluble, by washing with some solvent, as water;leaching.
LIXIVIOUS,See Lixivial.
LIXIVIUM,A solution of alkaline salts extracted from wood ashes; hence,any solution
obtained by lixiviation.
LIXT,2d pers. sing. pres. of Lige, to lie, to tell lies, --contracted for ligest.
Chaucer.
LIZA,The American white mullet (Mugil curema).
LIZARD,Any one of the numerous species of reptiles belonging to theorder
Lacertilia; sometimes, also applied to reptiles of otherorders, as the Hatteria.
LLAMA,A South American ruminant (Auchenia llama), allied to thecamels, but much
smaller and without a hump. It is supposed to be adomesticated variety of the
guanaco. It was formerly much used as abeast of burden in the Andes.
LLANDEILO GROUP,A series of strata in the lower Silurian formations of
GreatBritain; -- so named from Llandeilo in Southern Wales. See Chart ofGeology.
LLANERO,One of the inhabitants of the llanos of South America.
LLANO,An extensive plain with or without vegetation. [SpanishAmerica]
LO,Look; see; behold; observe. " Lo, here is Christ." Matt. xxiv.23. " Lo, we turn
to the Gentiles." Acts xiii. 46.
LOACH,Any one of several small, fresh-water, cyprinoid fishes of thegenera Cobitis,
Nemachilus, and allied genera, having six or morebarbules around the mouth. They
are found in Europe and Asia. Thecommon European species (N. barbatulus) is used as
a food fish.
LOAD,The work done by a steam engine or other prime mover whenworking. Load line,
or Load water line (Naut.), the line on theoutside of a vessel indicating the depth
to which it sinks in thewater when loaded.
LOADER,One who, or that which, loads; a mechanical contrivance forloading, as a
gun.
LOADING,Pilotage; skill of a pilot or loadsman. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOAF,Any thick lump, mass, or cake; especially, a large regularlyshaped or molded
mass, as of bread, sugar, or cake. Bacon. Loafsugar, refined sugar that has been
formed into a conical loaf in amold.
LOAFER,One who loafs; a lazy lounger. Lowell.
LOAM,A mixture of sand, clay, and other materials, used in makingmolds for large
castings, often without a pattern. Loam mold(Founding), a mold made with loam. See
Loam, n., 2.-- Loam molding, the process or business of making loam molds.
Loamplate, an iron plate upon which a section of a loam mold rests, orfrom which it
is suspended.-- Loam work, loam molding or loam molds.
LOAMY,Consisting of loam; partaking of the nature of loam; resemblingloam. Bacon.
LOAN,A loanin. [Scot.]
LOANABLE,Such as can be lent; available for lending; as, loanable funds;-- used
mostly in financial business and writings.
LOANMONGER,A dealer in, or negotiator of, loans.The millions of the loanmonger.
Beaconsfield.
LOATHE,To feel disgust or nausea. [Obs.]
LOATHER,One who loathes.
LOATHING,Extreme disgust; a feeling of aversion, nausea, abhorrence,
ordetestation.The mutual fear and loathing of the hostile races. Macaulay.
LOATHINGLY,With loathing.
LOATHLINESS,Loathsomeness. [Obs.]
LOATHLY,Loathsome. [Obs.] " Loathly mouth." Spenser.
LOATHNESS,Unwillingness; reluctance.A general silence and loathness to speak.
Bacon.
LOATHSOME,Fitted to cause loathing; exciting disgust; disgusting.The most loathsome
and deadly forms of infection. Macaulay.-- Loath"some*ly. adv.-- Loath"some*ness,
n.
LOATHY,Loathsome. [Obs.] Spenser.
LOAVES,pl. of Loaf.
LOB,To let fall heavily or lazily.And their poor jades Lob down their heads.
Shak.To lob a ball (Lawn Tennis), to strike a ball so as to send it upinto the air.
LOBAR,Of or pertaining to a lobe; characterized by, or like, a lobeor lobes.
LOBATELY,As a lobe; so as to make a lobe; in a lobate manner.
LOBBISH,Like a lob; consisting of lobs. Sir. P. Sidney.
LOBBY,A passage or hall of communication, especially when largeenough to serve also
as a waiting room. It differs from anantechamber in that a lobby communicates
between several rooms, anantechamber to one only; but this distinction is not
carefullypreserved.
LOBBYIST,A member of the lobby; a person who solicits members of alegislature for
the purpose of influencing legislation. [U.S.]
LOBCOCK,A dull, sluggish person; a lubber; a lob. [Low]
LOBE,Any projection or division, especially one of a somewhatrounded form; as:(a)
(Bot.) A rounded projection or division of a leaf. Gray.(b)(Zoöl.)
LOBE-FOOTED,Lobiped.
LOBED,Having lobes; lobate.
LOBEFOOT,A bird having lobate toes; esp., a phalarope.
LOBELET,A small lobe; a lobule.
LOBELIA,A genus of plants, including a great number of species. Lobeliainflata, or
Indian tobacco, is an annual plant of North America,whose leaves contain a
poisonous white viscid juice, of an acridtaste. It has often been used in medicine
as an emetic, expectorant,etc. L. cardinalis is the cardinal flower, remarkable for
the deepand vivid red color of its flowers.
LOBELIACEOUS,Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants of which thegenus
Lobelia is the type.
LOBELIN,A yellowish green resin from Lobelia, used as an emetic anddiaphoretic.
LOBELINE,A poisonous narcotic alkaloid extracted from the leaves ofIndian tobacco
(Lobelia inflata) as a yellow oil, having atobaccolike taste and odor.
LOBIPED,Having lobate toes, as a coot.
LOBLOLLY,Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen. Loblolly bay(Bot.), an elegant
white-flowered evergreen shrub or small tree, ofthe genus Gordonia (G. Lasianthus),
growing in the maritime parts ofthe Southern United States. Its bark is sometimes
used in tanning.Also, a similar West Indian tree (Laplacea hæmatoxylon).-- Loblolly
boy, a surgeon's attendant on shipboard. Smollett.-- Loblolly pine (Bot.), a kind
of pitch pine found from Delawaresouthward along the coast; old field pine (Pinus
Tæda). Also, P.Bahamensis, of the West Indies.-- Loblolly tree (Bot.), a name of
several West Indian trees, havingmore or less leathery foliage, but alike in no
other respect; asPisonia subcordata, Cordia alba, and Cupania glabra.
LOBOSA,An order of Rhizopoda, in which the pseudopodia are thick andirregular in
form, as in the Amoeba.
LOBSCOUSE,A combination of meat with vegetables, bread, etc., usuallystewed,
sometimes baked; an olio.
LOBSIDED,See Lopsided.
LOBSPOUND,A prison. [Obs.] Hudibras.
LOBSTER,Any large macrurous crustacean used as food, esp. those of thegenus
Homarus; as the American lobster (H. Americanus), and theEuropean lobster (H.
vulgaris). The Norwegian lobster (NephropsNorvegicus) is similar in form. All these
have a pair of largeunequal claws. The spiny lobsters of more southern waters,
belongingto Palinurus, Panulirus, and allied genera, have no large claws. Thefresh-
water crayfishes are sometimes called lobsters. Lobstercaterpillar (Zoöl.), the
caterpillar of a European bombycid moth(Stauropus fagi); -- so called from its
form. Lobster louse (Zoöl.),a copepod crustacean (Nicothoë astaci) parasitic on the
gills of theEuropean lobster.
LOBULAR,Like a lobule; pertaining to a lobule or lobules.
LOBULE,A small lobe; a subdivision of a lobe. Lobule of the ear.(Anat.) Same as
Lobe of the ear.
LOBULETTE,A little lobule, or subdivision of a lobule.
LOBWORM,The lugworm.
LOCAL,Of or pertaining to a particular place, or to a definite regionor portion of
space; restricted to one place or region; as, a localcustom.Gives to airy nothing A
local habitation and a name. Shak.Local actions (Law), actions such as must be
brought in a particularcounty, where the cause arises; -- distinguished from
transitoryactions.-- Local affection (Med.), a disease or ailment confined to
aparticular part or organ, and not directly affecting the system.-- Local
attraction (Magnetism), an attraction near a compass,causing its needle to deviate
from its proper direction, especiallyon shipboard.-- Local battery (Teleg.), the
battery which actuates the recordinginstruments of a telegraphic station, as
distinguished from thebattery furnishing a current for the line.-- Local circuit
(Teleg.), the circuit of the local battery.-- Local color. (a) (Paint.) The color
which belongs to an object,and is not caused by accidental influences, as of
reflection, shadow,etc. (b) (Literature) Peculiarities of the place and its
inhabitantswhere the scene of an action or story is laid.-- Local option, the right
or obligation of determining by popularvote within certain districts, as in each
county, city, or town,whether the sale of alcoholic beverages within the district
shall beallowed.
LOCALITY,The perceptive faculty concerned with the ability to rememberthe relative
positions of places.
LOCALIZATION,Act of localizing, or state of being localized. Cerebrallocalization
(Physiol.), the localization of the control of specialfunctions, as of sight or of
the various movements of the body, inspecial regions of the brain.
LOCALIZE,To make local; to fix in, or assign to, a definite place. H.Spencer.
Wordsworth.
LOCALLY,With respect to place; in place; as, to be locally separated ordistant.
LOCATE,To place one's self; to take up one's residence; to settle.[Colloq.]
LOCATION,The marking out of the boundaries, or identifying the place orsite of, a
piece of land, according to the description given in anentry, plan, map, etc.
Burrill. Bouvier.
LOCATIVE,Indicating place, or the place where, or wherein; as, alocative adjective;
locative case of a noun.-- n.
LOCATOR,One who locates, or is entitled to locate, land or a miningclaim. [U.S.]
LOCELLATE,Divided into secondary compartments or cells, as where onecavity is
separated into several smaller ones.
LOCH,A lake; a bay or arm of the sea. [Scot.]
LOCHAGE,An officer who commanded a company; a captain. Mitford.
LOCHAN,A small lake; a pond. [Scot.]A pond or lochan rather than a lake. H. Miller.
LOCHE,See Loach.
LOCHIA,The discharge from the womb and vagina which followschildbirth.
LOCHIAL,Of or pertaining to the lochia.
LOCK HOSPITAL,. A hospital for the treatment of venereal diseases. [Eng.]
LOCK STEP,. A mode of marching by a body of men going one after anotheras closely
as possible, in which the leg of each moves at the sametime with the corresponding
leg of the person before him.
LOCK STITCH,. A peculiar sort of stitch formed by the locking of twothreads
together, as in the work done by some sewing machines. SeeStitch.
LOCK,A tuft of hair; a flock or small quantity of wool, hay, orother like
substance; a tress or ringlet of hair.These gray locks, the pursuivants of death.
Shak.
LOCK-DOWN,A contrivance to fasten logs together in rafting; -- used bylumbermen.
[U.S.]
LOCK-WEIR,A waste weir for a canal, discharging into a lock chamber.
LOCKED-JAW,See Lockjaw.
LOCKEN,of Lock. Chaucer.
LOCKJAW,A contraction of the muscles of the jaw by which its motion issuspended; a
variety of tetanus.
LOCKLESS,Destitute of a lock.
LOCKMAN,A public executioner. [Scot.]
LOCKOUT,The closing of a factory or workshop by an employer, usually inorder to
bring the workmen to satisfactory terms by a suspension ofwages.
LOCKRAM,A kind of linen cloth anciently used in England, originallyimported from
Brittany. Shak.
LOCKSMITH,An artificer whose occupation is to make or mend locks.
LOCKUP,A place where persons under arrest are temporarily locked up; awatchhouse.
LOCKY,Having locks or tufts. [R.] Sherwood.
LOCO DISEASE,A chronic nervous affection of cattle, horses, and sheep,caused by
eating the loco weed and characterized by a slow, measuredgait, high step, glassy
eyes with defective vision, delirium, andgradual emaciation.
LOCO,A direction in written or printed music to return to the properpitch after
having played an octave higher.
LOCOMOTIVE,A locomotive engine; a self-propelling wheel carriage,especially one
which bears a steam boiler and one or more steamengines which communicate motion to
the wheels and thus propel thecarriage, -- used to convey goods or passengers, or
to draw wagons,railroad cars, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.
Consolidationlocomotive, a locomotive having four pairs of connected drivers.--
Locomotive car, a locomotive and a car combined in one vehicle; adummy engine.
[U.S.] -- Locomotive engine. Same as Locomotive, above.-- Mogul locomotive. See
Mogul.
LOCOMOTOR,Of or pertaining to movement or locomotion. Locomotor ataxia,or
Progressive locomotor ataxy (Med.), a disease of the spinal cordcharacterized by
peculiar disturbances of gait, and difficulty incoördinating voluntary movements.
LOCULAMENT,The cell of a pericarp in which the seed is lodged.
LOCULAR,Of or relating to the cell or compartment of an ovary, etc.; incomposition,
having cells; as trilocular. Gray.
LOCULATE,Divided into compartments.
LOCULE,A little hollow; a loculus.
LOCULICIDAL,Dehiscent through the middle of the back of each cell; -- saidof
capsules.
LOCULUS,One of the spaces between the septa in the Anthozoa.
LOCUM TENENS,A substitute or deputy; one filling an office for a time.
LOCUS,The line traced by a point which varies its position accordingto some
determinate law; the surface described by a point or linethat moves according to a
given law. Plane locus, a locus that is astraight line, or a circle.-- Solid locus,
a locus that is one of the conic sections.
LOCUST TREE,A large North American tree of the genus Robinia (R.Pseudacacia),
producing large slender racemes of white, fragrant,papilionaceous flowers, and
often cultivated as an ornamental tree.In England it is called acacia.
LOCUST,Any one of numerous species of long-winged, migratory,orthopterous insects,
of the family Acrididæ, allied to thegrasshoppers; esp., (Edipoda, or Pachytylus,
migratoria, and Acridiumperigrinum, of Southern Europe, Asia, and Africa. In the
UnitedStates the related species with similar habits are usually
calledgrasshoppers. See Grasshopper.
LOCUSTA,The spikelet or flower cluster of grasses. Gray.
LOCUSTELLA,The European cricket warbler.
LOCUSTIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the locust; -- formerly used todesignate a
supposed acid.
LOCUSTING,Swarming and devastating like locusts. [R.] Tennyson.
LOCUTION,Speech or discourse; a phrase; a form or mode of expression. "Stumbling
locutions." G. Eliot.I hate these figures in locution, These about phrases forced
byceremony. Marston.
LOCUTORY,A room for conversation; especially, a room in monasteries,where the monks
were allowed to converse.
LODDE,The capelin.
LODE,A metallic vein; any regular vein or course, whether metallicor not.
LODE-SHIP,An old name for a pilot boat.
LODEMANAGE,Pilotage. [Obs.]
LODESMAN,Same as Loadsman. [Obs.]
LODESTAR,Same as Loadstar.
LODESTONE,Same as Loadstone.
LODGE,The space at the mouth of a level next the shaft, widened topermit wagons to
pass, or ore to be deposited for hoisting; -- calledalso platt. Raymond.
LODGED,Lying down; -- used of beasts of the chase, as couchant is ofbeasts of prey.
LODGEMENT,See Lodgment.
LODGER,One who, or that which, lodges; one who occupies a hired roomin another's
house.
LODGMENT,The occupation and holding of a position, as by a besiegingparty; an
instrument thrown up in a captured position; as, to effecta lodgment.
LODICULE,One of the two or three delicate membranous scales which arenext to the
stamens in grasses.
LOELLINGITE,A tin-white arsenide of iron, isomorphous with arsenopyrite.
LOESS,A quaternary deposit, usually consisting of a fine yellowishearth, on the
banks of the Rhine and other large rivers.
LOFFE,To laugh. [Obs.] Shak.
LOFT,That which is lifted up; an elevation. Hence, especially:(a) The room or space
under a roof and above the ceiling of theuppermost story.(b) A gallery or raised
apartment in a church, hall, etc.; as, anorgan loft.(c) A floor or room placed
above another; a story.Eutychus . . . fell down from the third loft. Acts xx. 9.On
loft, aloft; on high. Cf. Onloft. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOFTER,An iron club used in lofting the ball; -- called also loftingiron.
LOFTILY,In a lofty manner or position; haughtily.
LOFTINESS,The state or quality of being lofty.
LOFTING IRON,Same as Lofter.
LOG,A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing 2.37 gills. W. H. Ward.
LOG-CHIP,A thin, flat piece of board in the form of a quadrant of acircle attached
to the log line; -- called also log-ship. See 2d Log,n., 2.
LOG-SHIP,A part of the log. See Log-chip, and 2d Log, n., 2.
LOGAN,A rocking or balanced stone. Gwill.
LOGAOEDIC,Composed of dactyls and trochees so arranged as to produce amovement like
that of ordinary speech.
LOGARITHM,One of a class of auxiliary numbers, devised by John Napier,
ofMerchiston, Scotland (1550-1617), to abridge arithmeticalcalculations, by the use
of addition and subtraction in place ofmultiplication and division.
LOGARITHMETICALLY,Logarithmically.
LOGARITHMICALLY,By the use of logarithms.
LOGCOCK,The pileated woodpecker.
LOGE,A lodge; a habitation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOGGAN,See Logan.
LOGGAT,An old game in England, played by throwing pieces of wood at astake set in
the ground. [Obs.] Shak.
LOGGE,See Lodge. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOGGED,Made slow and heavy in movement; water-logged. Beaconsfield.
LOGGER,One engaged in logging. See Log, v. i. [U.S.] Lowell.
LOGGERHEAD,An upright piece of round timber, in a whaleboat, over which aturn of
the line is taken when it is running out too fast. Ham. Nav.Encyc.
LOGGERHEADED,Dull; stupid. Shak.A rabble of loggerheaded physicians. Urquhart.
LOGGERHEADS,The knapweed.
LOGGIA,A roofed open gallery. It differs from a veranda in being morearchitectural,
and in forming more decidedly a part of the mainedifice to which it is attached;
from a porch, in being intended notfor entrance but for an out-of-door sitting-
room.
LOGGING,The business of felling trees, cutting them into logs, andtransporting the
logs to sawmills or to market.
LOGICALITY,Logicalness.
LOGICALLY,In a logical manner; as, to argue logically.
LOGICALNESS,The quality of being logical.
LOGICIAN,A person skilled in logic. Bacon.Each fierce logician still expelling
Locke. Pope.
LOGICS,See Logic.
LOGISTICS,That branch of the military art which embraces the details ofmoving and
supplying armies. The meaning of the word is by somewriters extended to include
strategy. H. L. Scott.
LOGMAN,A man who carries logs. Shak.
LOGODAEDALY,Verbal legerdemain; a playing with words. [R.] Coleridge.
LOGOGRAM,A word letter; a phonogram, that, for the sake of brevity,represents a
word; as, |, i. e., t, for it. Cf. Grammalogue.
LOGOGRAPHER,Of or pertaining to logography.
LOGOGRIPH,A sort of riddle in which it is required to discover a chosenword from
various combinations of its letters, or of some of itsletters, which form other
words; -- thus, to discover the chosen wordchatter form cat, hat, rat, hate, rate,
etc. B. Jonson.
LOGOMACHIST,One who contends about words.
LOGOMETRIC,Serving to measure or ascertain chemical equivalents;stoichiometric.
[R.]
LOGOTHETE,An accountant; under Constantine, an officer of the empire; areceiver of
revenue; an administrator of a department.
LOGOTYPE,A single type, containing two or more letters; as, æ, Æ, fi,fl, ffl,
etc. ; -- called also ligature.
LOGROLL,To engage in logrolling; to accomplish by logrolling.[Political cant, U.
S.]
LOGROLLER,One who engages in logrolling. [Political cant, U. S.]The jobbers and
logrollers will all be against it. The. Nation.
LOGROLLING,The act or process of rolling logs from the place where theywere felled
to the stream which floats them to the sawmill or tomarket. In this labor
neighboring camps of loggers combine to assisteach other in turn. Longfellow.
[U.S.]
LOGWOOD,The heartwood of a tree (Hæmatoxylon Campechianum), a native ofSouth
America, It is a red, heavy wood, containing a crystallinesubstance called
hæmatoxylin, and is used largely in dyeing. Anextract from this wood is used in
medicine as an astringent. Alsocalled Campeachy wood, and bloodwood.
LOGY,Heavy or dull in respect to motion or thought; as, a logyhorse.
[U.S.]Porcupines are . . . logy, sluggish creatures. C. H. Merriam.
LOHOCK,See Loch, a medicine.
LOIMIC,Of or pertaining to the plague or contagious disorders.
LOIN,That part of a human being or quadruped, which extends oneither side of the
spinal column between the hip bone and the falseribs. In human beings the loins are
also called the reins. SeeIllust. of Beef.
LOIR,A large European dormouse (Myoxus glis).
LOITERINGLY,In a loitering manner.
LOKAO,A green vegetable dye imported from China.
LOKE,A private path or road; also, the wicket or hatch of a door.[Prov. Eng.]
LOKORYS,Liquorice. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOLIGO,A genus of cephalopods, including numerous species of squids,common on the
coasts of America and Europe. They are much used forfish bait.
LOLL,To let hang from the mouth, as the tongue.Fierce tigers couched around and
lolled their fawning tongues.Dryden.
LOLLARD,The doctrines or principles of the Lollards.
LOLLINGLY,In a lolling manner. Buckle.
LOLLIPOP,A kind of sugar confection which dissolves easily in the mouth.Thackeray.
LOLLOP,To move heavily; to lounge or idle; to loll. [Law.] CharlesReade.
LOMA,A lobe; a membranous fringe or flap.
LOMATINOUS,Furnished with lobes or flaps.
LOMBARD,Of or pertaining to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.
LOMBARDEER,A pawnbroker. [Obs.] Howell.
LOMBARDIC,Of or pertaining to Lombardy of the Lombards. Lombardicalphabet, the
ancient alphabet derived from the Roman, and employedin the manuscript of Italy.--
Lombardic architecture, the debased Roman style of architectureas found in parts of
Northern Italy. F. G. Lee. Lombardy poplar.(Bot.) See Poplar.
LOMENT,An elongated pod, consisting, like the legume, of two valves,but divided
transversely into small cells, each containing a singleseed.
LOMENTACEOUS,Of the nature of a loment; having fruits like loments.
LOMONITE,Same as Laumontite.
LOMPISH,Lumpish. [Obs.] Spenser.
LOND,Land. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LONDON SMOKE,A neutral tint given to spectacles, shade glasses for
opticalinstruments, etc., which reduces the intensity without materiallychanging
the color of the transmitted light.
LONDON TUFT,The Sweet William (Dianthus barbatus).
LONDON,The capital city of England. London paste (Med.), a paste madeof caustic
soda and unslacked lime; -- used as a caustic to destroytumors and other morbid
enlargements.-- London pride. (Bot.) (a) A garden name for Saxifraga umbrosa,
ahardy perennial herbaceous plant, a native of high lands in GreatBritain. (b) A
name anciently given to the Sweet William. Dr. Prior.-- London rocket (Bot.), a
cruciferous plant (Sisymbrium Irio) whichsprung up in London abundantly on the
ruins of the great fire of1667.
LONDONER,A native or inhabitant of London. Shak.
LONDONISM,A characteristic of Londoners; a mode of speaking peculiar toLondon.
LONDONIZE,To impart to (one) a manner or character like that whichdistinguishes
Londoners.
LONE,A lane. See Loanin. [Prov. Eng.]
LONE-STAR STATE,Texas; -- a nickname alluding to the single star on its coat
ofarms, being the device used on its flag and seal when it was arepublic.
LONENESS,Solitude; seclusion. [Obs.] Donne.
LONG PRIMER,A kind of type, in size between small pica and bourgeois.
LONG,Prolonged, or relatively more prolonged, in utterance; -- saidof vowels and
syllables. See Short, a., 13, and Guide toPronunciation, §§ 22, 30.
LONG-ARMED,Having long arms; as, the long-armed ape or gibbon.
LONG-BREATHED,Having the power of retaining the breath for a long time; long-
winded.
LONG-DRAWN,Extended to a great length.The cicadæ hushed their long-drawn, ear-
splitting strains. G. W.Cable.
LONG-HORNED,Having a long horn or horns; as, a long-horned goat, or cow;having long
antennæ, as certain beetles (Longicornia).
LONG-LIVED,Having a long life; having constitutional peculiarities whichmake long
life probable; lasting long; as, a long-lived tree; theyare a longlived family;
long-lived prejudices.
LONG-SIGHT,Long-sightedness Good.
LONG-SIGHTEDNESS,See Hypermetropia.
LONG-STOP,One who is set to stop balls which pass the wicket keeper.
LONG-SUFFERANCE,Forbearance to punish or resent.
LONG-SUFFERING,Bearing injuries or provocation for a long time; patient; noteasily
provoked.The Lord God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant
ingoodness and truth. Ex. xxxiv. 6.
LONG-TONGUE,The wryneck.
LONG-WINDED,Long-breathed; hence, tediously long in speaking; consumingmuch time;
as, a long-winded talker.-- Long"-wind"ed*ness, n.A tedious, long-winded harangue.
South.
LONGAN,A pulpy fruit related to the litchi, and produced by anevergreen East Indian
tree (Nephelium Longan).
LONGANIMITY,Disposition to bear injuries patiently; forbearance; patience.Jer.
Taylor.
LONGBEAK,The American redbellied snipe (Macrorhamphus scolopaceus); --called also
long-billed dowitcher.
LONGBOAT,Formerly, the largest boat carried by a merchant vessel,corresponding to
the launch of a naval vessel.
LONGBOW,The ordinary bow, not mounted on a stock; -- so called indistinction from
the crossbow when both were used as weapons of war.Also, sometimes, such a bow of
about the height of a man, asdistinguished from a much shorter one. To draw the
longbow, to telllarge stories.
LONGE,Same as 4th Lunge.
LONGER,One who longs for anything.
LONGEVAL,Long-loved; longevous.[R.] Pope.
LONGEVITY,Long duration of life; length of life.The instances of longevity are
chiefly amongst the abstemious.Arbuthnot.
LONGEVOUS,Living a long time; of great age. Sir T. Browne.
LONGHAND,The written characters used in the common method of writing; --opposed to
shorthand.
LONGHEADED,Having unusual foresight or sagacity.-- Long"-head`ed*ness, n.
LONGHORN,A long-horned animal, as a cow, goat, or beetle. See Long-horned.
LONGICORN,Long-horned; pertaining to the Longicornia.-- n.
LONGICORNIA,A division of beetles, including a large number of species, inwhich the
antennæ are very long. Most of them, while in the larvalstate, bore into the wood
or beneath the bark of trees, and somespecies are very destructive to fruit and
shade trees. See Appleborer, under Apple, and Locust beetle, under Locust.
LONGILATERAL,Having long sides especially, having the form of a
longparallelogram.Nineveh . . . was of a longilateral figure, ninety-five
furlongsbroad, and a hundred and fifty long. Sir T. Browne.
LONGILOQUENCE,Long-windedness.American longiloquence in oratory. Fitzed. Hall.
LONGIMANOUS,Having long hands. Sir T. Browne.
LONGIMETRY,The art or practice of measuring distances or lengths. Cheyne.
LONGING,An eager desire; a craving; a morbid appetite; an earnest wish;an
aspiration.Put on my crown; I have immortal longings in me. Shak.
LONGINGLY,With longing. Dryden.
LONGINQUITY,Greatness of distance; remoteness. [R.] Barrow.
LONGIPALP,One of a tribe of beetles, having long maxillary palpi.
LONGIPENNATE,Having long wings, or quills.
LONGIPENNES,A group of longwinged sea birds, including the gulls, petrels,etc.
LONGIPENNINE,Of or pertaining to the Longipennes; longipennate.
LONGIROSTER,One of the Longirostres.
LONGIROSTRAL,Having a long bill; of or pertaining to the Longirostres.
LONGIROSTRES,A group of birds characterized by having long slender bills, asthe
sandpipers, curlews, and ibises. It is now regarded as anartificial division.
LONGISH,Somewhat long; moderately long.
LONGITUDE,The arc or portion of the equator intersected between themeridian of a
given place and the meridian of some other place fromwhich longitude is reckoned,
as from Greenwich, England, or sometimesfrom the capital of a country, as from
Washington or Paris. Thelongitude of a place is expressed either in degrees or in
time; as,that of New York is 74º or 4 h. 56 min. west of Greenwich.
LONGITUDINAL,A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail.
LONGITUDINALLY,In the direction of length.
LONGLEGS,A daddy longlegs.
LONGMYND ROCKS,The sparingly fossiliferous conglomerates, grits, schists, andstates
of Great Britain, which lie at the base of the Cambriansystem; -- so called,
because typically developed in the LongmyndHills, Shropshire.
LONGNESS,Length.
LONGNOSE,The European garfish.
LONGSHANKS,The stilt.
LONGSHORE,Belonging to the seashore or a seaport; along and on the shore."Longshore
thieves." R. Browning.
LONGSHOREMAN,One of a class of laborers employed about the wharves of aseaport,
especially in loading and unloading vessels.
LONGSOME,Extended in length; tiresome. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Prior.-- Long"some*ness, n.
[Obs.] Fuller.
LONGSPUN,Spun out, or extended, to great length; hence, long-winded;tedious.The
longspun allegories fulsome grow, While the dull moral lies tooplain below.
Addison.
LONGSPUR,Any one of several species of fringilline birds of the genusCalcarius (or
Plectrophanes), and allied genera. The Lapland longspur(C. Lapponicus), the
chestnut-colored longspur (C. ornatus), andother species, inhabit the United
States.
LONGTAIL,An animal, particularly a log, having an uncut tail. Cf.Curtail. Dog.
LONGULITE,A kind of crystallite having a (slender) acicular form.
LONGWAYS,Lengthwise. Addison.
LONGWISE,Lengthwise.
LOO,To beat in the game of loo by winning every trick. [Writtenalso lu.] Goldsmith.
LOOB,The clay or slimes washed from tin ore in dressing.
LOOBILY,Loobylike; awkward. Fuller.
LOOBY,An awkward, clumsy fellow; a lubber. Swift.
LOOCH,See 2d Loch.
LOOF,The spongelike fibers of the fruit of a cucurbitaceous plant(Luffa Ægyptiaca);
called also vegetable sponge.
LOOKDOWN,See Moonfish (b).
LOOKER,One who looks. Looker-on, a spectator; one that looks on, buthas no agency
or part in an affair.Did not this fatal war affront thy coast, Yet sattest thou an
idlelooker-on Fairfax.
LOOKING,Having a certain look or appearance; -- often compounded withadjectives;
as, good-looking, grand-looking, etc.
LOOKING-GLASS,A mirror made of glass on which has been placed a backing ofsome
reflecting substance, as quicksilver.There is none so homely but loves a looking-
glass. South.
LOOL,A vessel used to receive the washings of ores of metals.
LOOM,See Loon, the bird.
LOOM-GALE,A gentle gale of wind.
LOOMING,The indistinct and magnified appearance of objects seen inparticular states
of the atmosphere. See Mirage.
LOON,A sorry fellow; a worthless person; a rogue.
LOONY,See Luny.
LOOP,A mass of iron in a pasty condition gathered into a ball forthe tilt hammer or
rolls. [Written also loup.]
LOOPER,The larva of any species of geometrid moths. See Geometrid.
LOOPHOLE,A small opening, as in the walls of fortification, or in thebulkhead of a
ship, through which small arms or other weapons may bedischarged at an enemy.
LOOPHOLED,Provided with loopholes.
LOOPIE,Deceitful; cunning; sly. [Scot.]
LOOPING,The running together of the matter of an ore into a mass, whenthe ore is
only heated for calcination.
LOOPLIGHT,A small narrow opening or window in a tower or fortified wall;a loophole.
LOORD,A dull, stupid fellow; a drone. [Obs.] Spenser.
LOOS,Praise; fame; reputation. [Obs.] Spenser.Good conscience and good loos.
Chaucer.
LOOSE,To set sail. [Obs.] Acts xiii. 13.
LOOSELY,In a loose manner.
LOOSEN,To become loose; to become less tight, firm, or compact. S.Sharp.
LOOSENER,One who, or that which, loosens.
LOOSENESS,The state, condition, or quality, of being loose; as, thelooseness of a
cord; looseness of style; looseness of morals or ofprinciples.
LOOSISH,Somewhat loose.
LOOT,To plunder; to carry off as plunder or a prize lawfullyobtained by war.Looting
parties . . . ransacking the houses. L.O
LOOTER,A plunderer.
LOOVER,See Louver.
LOP,A flea.[Obs.] Cleveland.
LOPE,of Leap. [Obs.]And, laughing, lope into a tree. Spenser.
LOPEARED,Having ears which lop or hang down.
LOPEMAN,Leaper; ropedancer. [Obs.]
LOPER,A swivel at one end of a ropewalk, used in laying the strands.
LOPHINE,A nitrogenous organic base obtained by the oxidation ofamarine, and
regarded as a derivative of benzoic aldehyde. It isobtained in long white
crystalline tufts, -- whence its name.
LOPHIOMYS,A very singular rodent (Lophiomys Imhausi) of NortheasternAfrica. It is
the only known representative of a special family(Lophiomyidæ), remarkable for the
structure of the skull. It hashandlike feet, and the hair is peculiar in structure
and arrangement.
LOPHOBRANCH,Of or pertaining to the Lophobranchii.-- n.
LOPHOBRANCHIATE,Of or pertaining to the Lophobranchii.
LOPHOBRANCHII,An order of teleostean fishes, having the gills arranged intufts on
the branchial arches, as the Hippocampus and pipefishes.
LOPHOPHORE,A disk which surrounds the mouth and bears the tentacles of theBryozoa.
See Phylactolemata.
LOPHOPODA,Same as Phylactolemata.
LOPHOSTEON,The central keel-bearing part of the sternum in birds.
LOPPARD,A tree, the top of which has been lopped off. [Eng.]
LOPPER,One who lops or cuts off.
LOPPING,A cutting off, as of branches; that which is cut off; leavings.The loppings
made from that stock whilst it stood. Burke.
LOPPY,Somewhat lop; inclined to lop.
LOPSEED,A perennial herb (Phryma Leptostachya), having slender seedlikefruits.
LOQUACIOUSLY,In a loquacious manner.
LOQUACIOUSNESS,Loquacity.
LOQUACITY,The habit or practice of talking continually or excessively;inclination
to talk too much; talkativeness; garrulity.Too great loquacity and too great
taciturnity by fits. Arbuthnot.
LOQUAT,The fruit of the Japanese medlar (Photinia Japonica). It is aslarge as a
small plum, but grows in clusters, and contains four orfive large seeds. Also, the
tree itself.
LORAL,Of or pertaining to the lores.
LORATE,Having the form of a thong or strap; ligulate.
LORCHA,A kind of light vessel used on the coast of China, having thehull built on a
European model, and the rigging like that of aChinese junk. Admiral Foote.
LORD,A hump-backed person; -- so called sportively. [Eng.]Richardson (Dict.).
LORDKIN,A little lord. Thackeray.
LORDLINESS,The state or quality of being lordly. Shak.
LORDLING,A little or insignificant lord. Goldsmith.
LORDLY,In a lordly manner.
LORDOLATRY,Worship of, or reverence for, a lord as such. [Jocose]But how should it
be otherwise in a country where lordolatry is partof our creed Thackeray.
LORDS AND LADIES,The European wake-robin (Arum maculatum), -- those withpurplish
spadix the lords, and those with pale spadix the ladies. Dr.Prior.
LORE,Lost.Neither of them she found where she them lore. Spenser.
LOREL,A good for nothing fellow; a vagabond. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOREN,of Lose. Chaucer.
LORESMAN,An instructor. [Obs.] Gower.
LORETTE,In France, a name for a woman who is supported by her lovers,and devotes
herself to idleness, show, and pleasure; -- so calledfrom the church of Notre Dame
de Lorette, in Paris, near which manyof them resided.
LORETTINE,One of a order of nuns founded in 1812 at Loretto, in Kentucky.The
members of the order (called also Sisters of Loretto, or Friendsof Mary at the Foot
of the Cross) devote themselves to the cause ofeducation and the care of destitute
orphans, their labors beingchiefly confined to the Western United States.
LORGNETTE,An opera glass; pl.
LORI,Same as Lory.
LORICA,A cuirass, originally of leather, afterward of plates of metalor horn sewed
on linen or the like.
LORICATE,To cover with some protecting substance, as with lute, a crust,coating, or
plates.
LORICATION,The act of loricating; the protecting substance put on; acovering of
scales or plates.
LORIKEET,Any one numerous species of small brush-tongued parrots orlories, found
mostly in Australia, New Guinea and the adjacentislands, with some forms in the
East Indies. They are arboreal intheir habits and feed largely upon the honey of
flowers. They belongto Trichoglossus, Loriculus, and several allied genera.
LORING,Instructive discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.
LORIOT,The golden oriole of Europe. See Oriole.
LORIS,Any one of several species of small lemurs of the genusStenops. They have
long, slender limbs and large eyes, and arearboreal in their habits. The slender
loris (S. gracilis), of Ceylon,in one of the best known species. [Written also
lori.]
LORN,A small cart or wagon, as those used on the tramways in minesto carry coal or
rubbish; also, a barrow or truck for shiftingbaggage, as at railway stations.
LORY,Any one of many species of small parrots of the familyTrichoglossidæ,
generally having the tongue papillose at the tip, andthe mandibles straighter and
less toothed than in common parrots.They are found in the East Indies, Australia,
New Guinea, and theadjacent islands. They feed mostly on soft fruits and on the
honey offlowers.
LOS,Praise. See Loos. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOSABLE,Such as can be lost.
LOSANGE,See Lozenge.
LOSE,To suffer loss, disadvantage, or defeat; to be worse off, esp.as the result of
any kind of contest.We 'll . . . hear poor rogues Talk of court news; and we'll
talk withthem too, Who loses and who wins; who's in, who's out. Shak.
LOSEL,One who loses by sloth or neglect; a worthless person; a lorel.[Archaic]
Spenser.One sad losel soils a name for aye. Byron.
LOSENGER,A flatterer; a deceiver; a cozener. [Obs.] Chaucer.To a fair pair of
gallows, there to end their lives with shame, as anumber of such other losengers
had done. Holinshed.
LOSENGERIE,Flattery; deceit; trickery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOSER,One who loses. South.
LOSING,Given to flattery or deceit; flattering; cozening. [Obs.]Amongst the many
simoniacal that swarmed in the land, Herbert, Bishopof Thetford, must not be
forgotten; nick-named Losing, that is, theFratterer. Fuller.
LOSINGLY,In a manner to incur loss.
LOSS,Killed, wounded, and captured persons, or captured property.
LOSSFUL,Detrimental. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
LOSSLESS,Free from loss. [Obs.] Milton.
LOT,To allot; to sort; to portion. [R.] To lot on or upon, to countor reckon upon;
to expect with pleasure. [Colloq. U. S.]
LOTE,A large tree (Celtis australis), found in the south of Europe.It has a hard
wood, and bears a cherrylike fruit. Called also nettletree. Eng. Cyc.
LOTHARIO,A gay seducer of women; a libertine.
LOTO,See Lotto.
LOTONG,An East Indian monkey (Semnopithecus femoralis).
LOTOPHAGI,A people visited by Ulysses in his wanderings. They subsistedon the
lotus. See Lotus (b), and Lotus-eater.
LOTOS,See Lotus.
LOTTO,A game of chance, played with cards, on which are inscribednumbers, and any
contrivance (as a wheel containing numbered balls)for determining a set of numbers
by chance. The player holding a cardhaving on it the set of numbers drawn from the
wheel takes the stakesafter a certain percentage of them has been deducted for the
dealer.A variety of lotto is called keno. [Often written loto.]
LOTURE,See Lotion. [Obs.] Holland.
LOTUS,An ornament much used in Egyptian architecture, generallyasserted to have
been suggested by the Egyptian water lily.
LOUCHETTES,Goggles intended to rectify strabismus by permitting visiononly directly
in front. Knight.
LOUD,With loudness; loudly.To speak loud in public assemblies. Addison.
LOUD-MOUTHED,Having a loud voice; talking or sounding noisily; noisilyimpudent.
LOUD-VOICED,Having a loud voice; noisy; clamorous. Byron.
LOUDFUL,Noisy. [Obs.] Marsion.
LOUDLY,In a loud manner. Denham.
LOUDNESS,The quality or state of being loud.
LOUGH,A loch or lake; -- so spelt in Ireland.
LOUIS QUATORZE,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the art or style of the timesof
Louis XIV. of France; as, Louis quatorze architecture.
LOUK,An accomplice; a "pal." [Obs.]There is no thief without a louk. Chaucer.
LOUNGE,To spend time lazily, whether lolling or idly sauntering; topass time
indolently; to stand, sit, or recline, in an indolentmanner.We lounge over the
sciences, dawdle through literature, yawn overpolitics. J. Hannay.
LOUNGER,One who lounges; ar idler.
LOUP,See 1st Loop.
LOUP-CERVIER,The Canada lynx. See Lynx.
LOUP-GAROU,A werewolf; a lycanthrope.
LOUP-LOUP,The Pomeranian or Spitz dog.
LOUPING,An enzoötic, often fatal, disease of sheep and other domesticanimals, of
unknown cause. It is characterized by muscular tremorsand spasms, followed by more
or less complete paralysis. Theprincipal lesion is an inflammation of the membranes
covering thebrain and spinal cord.
LOUPS,The Pawnees, a tribe of North American Indians whose principaltotem was the
wolf.
LOUR,An Asiatic sardine (Clupea Neohowii), valued for its oil.
LOURI,See Lory.
LOUSE,To clean from lice. "You sat and loused him." Swift.
LOUSEWORT,Any species of Pedicularis, a genus of perennial herbs. It wassaid to
make sheep that fed on it lousy. Yellow lousewort , a plantof the genus Rhinanthus.
LOUSILY,In a lousy manner; in a mean, paltry manner; scurvily. [Vulgar]
LOUSINESS,The state or quality of being lousy.
LOUT,To bend; to box; to stoop. [Archaic] Chaucer. Longfellow.He fair the knight
saluted, louting low. Spenser.
LOUTISH,Clownish; rude; awkward. "Loutish clown." Sir P. Sidney.-- Lout"ish*ly,
adv.-- Lout"*ish*ness, n.
LOUTOU,A crested black monkey (Semnopithecus maurus) of Java.
LOVABLE,Having qualities that excite, or are fitted to excite, love;worthy of
love.Elaine the fair, Elaine the lovable, Elaine, the lily maid ofAstolat.
Tennyson.
LOVAGE,An umbelliferous plant (Levisticum officinale), sometimes usedin medicine as
an aromatic stimulant.
LOVE,A climbing species of Clematis (C. Vitalba).
LOVE-DRURY,Affection. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOVE-MAKING,Courtship. Bacon.
LOVE-SICKNESS,The state of being love-sick.
LOVEABLE,See Lovable.
LOVEE,One who is loved. [Humorous] "The lover and lovee." Richardson.
LOVEFUL,Full of love. [Obs.] Sylvester.
LOVELILY,In manner to excite love; amiably. [R.] Otway.
LOVELINESS,The state or quality of being lovely.If there is such a native
loveliness in the sex as to make themvictorious when in the wrong, how resistless
their power when theyare on the side of truth! Spectator.
LOVELOCK,A long lock of hair hanging prominently by itself; an earlock;-- worn by
men of fashion in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I.Burton.A long lovelock and
long hair he wore. Sir W. Scott.
LOVELORN,Forsaken by one's love.The lovelorn nightingale. Milton.
LOVELY,In a manner to please, or to excite love. [Obs. or R.] Tyndale.
LOVEMONGER,One who deals in affairs of love.[Obs.] Shak.
LOVER,See Louver. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
LOVERWISE,As lovers do.As they sat down here loverwise. W. D. Howells.
LOVESOME,Lovely. [Obs.]
LOVING CUP,A large ornamental drinking vessel having two or more handles,intended
to pass from hand to hand, as at a banquet.
LOVING-KINDNESS,Tender regard; mercy; favor. Ps. lxxxix. 33.
LOVINGLY,With love; affectionately.
LOVINGNESS,Affection; kind regard.The only two bands of good will, loveliness and
lovingness. Sir. P.Sidney.
LOVYER,A lover. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOW STEEL,See under Low.
LOW,, strong imp. of Laugh. Chaucer.
LOW-CHURCH,Not placing a high estimate on ecclesiastical organizations orforms; --
applied especially to Episcopalians, and opposed to high-church. See High Church,
under High.
LOW-CHURCHISM,The principles of the low-church party.
LOW-CHURCHMAN,One who holds low-church principles.
LOW-CHURCHMANSHIP,The state of being a low-churchman.
LOW-LIVED,Characteristic of, or like, one bred in a low and vulgarcondition of
life; mean dishonorable; contemptible; as, low-liveddishonesty.
LOW-MINDED,Inclined in mind to low or unworthy things; showing a basemind.Low-
minded and immoral. Macaulay.All old religious jealousies were condemned as low-
mindedinfirmities. Bancroft.
LOW-MINDEDNESS,The quality of being lowminded; meanness; baseness.
LOW-NECKED,Cut low in the neck; decollete; -- said of a woman's dress.
LOW-PRESSURE,Having, employing, or exerting, a low degree of pressure. Low-pressure
steam engine, a steam engine in which low steam is used;often applied to a
condensing engine even when steam at high pressureis used. See Steam engine.
LOW-SPIRITED,Deficient in animation and courage; dejected; depressed;
notsprightly.-- Low"-spir`it*ed*ness, n.
LOW-STUDDED,Furnished or built with short studs; as, a low-studded house orroom.
LOW-THOUGHTED,Having one's thoughts directed toward mean or insignificantsubjects.
LOWBELL,To frighten, as with a lowbell.
LOWBORN,Born in a low condition or rank; -- opposed to highborn.
LOWBOY,A chest of drawers not more than four feet high; -- appliedcommonly to the
lower half of a tallboy from which the upper half hasbeen removed. [U. S.]
LOWBRED,Bred, or like one bred, in a low condition of life;characteristic or
indicative of such breeding; rude; impolite;vulgar; as, a lowbred fellow; a lowbred
remark.
LOWER,Compar. of Low, a.
LOWER-CASE,Pertaining to, or kept in, the lower case; -- used to denotethe small
letters, in distinction from capitals and small capitals.See the Note under 1st
Case, n., 3.
LOWERING,Dark and threatening; gloomy; sullen; as, lowering clouds orsky.
LOWERINGLY,In a lowering manner; with cloudiness or threatening gloom.
LOWERMOST,Lowest.
LOWERY,Cloudy; gloomy; lowering; as, a lowery sky; lowery weather.
LOWING,The calling sound made by cows and other bovine animals.
LOWISH,Somewhat low. [Colloq.] Richardson.
LOWK,See Louk. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LOWLAND,Land which is low with respect to the neighboring country; alow or level
country; -- opposed to highland. The Lowlands, Belgiumand Holland; the Netherlands;
also, the southern part of Scotland.
LOWLANDER,A native or inhabitant of the Lowlands, especially of theLowlands of
Scotland, as distinguished from Highlander.
LOWLILY,In a lowly place or manner; humbly. [Obs. or R.]Thinking lowlily of himself
and highly of those better than himself.J. C. Shairp.
LOWN,A low fellow. [Obs.]
LOWNESS,The state or quality of being low.
LOWRY,An open box car used on railroads. Compare Lorry.
LOXODROMIC,Pertaining to sailing on rhumb lines; as, loxodromic tables.Loxodromic
curve or line (Geom.), a line on the surface of a sphere,which always makes an
equal angle with every meridian; the rhumbline. It is the line on which a ship
sails when her course is alwaysin the direction of one and the same point of the
compass.
LOXODROMICS,The art or method of sailing on the loxodromic or rhumb line.
LOXODROMISM,The act or process of tracing a loxodromic curve; the act ofmoving as
if in a loxodromic curve.
LOXODROMY,The science of loxodromics. [R.]
LOY,A long, narrow spade for stony lands.
LOYALIST,A person who adheres to his sovereign or to the lawfulauthority;
especially, one who maintains his allegiance to his princeor government, and
defends his cause in times of revolt orrevolution.
LOYALLY,In a loyal manner; faithfully.
LOYALNESS,Loyalty. [R.] Stow.
LOYALTY,The state or quality of being loyal; fidelity to a superior, orto duty,
love, etc.He had such loyalty to the king as the law required. Clarendon.Not
withstanding all the subtle bait With which those Amazons hislove still craved, To
his one love his loyalty he saved. Spenser.
LOZENGE,Having the form of a lozenge or rhomb.The lozenged panes of a very small
latticed window. C. Bronté.
LOZENGY,Divided into lozenge-shaped compartments, as the field or abearing, by
lines drawn in the direction of the bend sinister.
LU,See Loo.
LUBBARD,A lubber. [Obs.] Swift.
LUBBER,A heavy, clumsy, or awkward fellow; a sturdy drone; a clown.Lingering
lubbers lose many a penny. Tusser.Land lubber, a name given in contempt by sailors
to a person wholives on land.-- Lubber grasshopper (Zoöl.), a large, stout, clumsy
grasshopper;esp., Brachystola magna, from the Rocky Mountain plains, and
Romaleamicroptera, which is injurious to orange trees in Florida.-- Lubber's hole
(Naut.), a hole in the floor of the "top," next themast, through which sailors may
go aloft without going over the rimby the futtock shrouds. It is considered by
seamen as only fit to beused by lubbers. Totten.-- Lubber's line, point, or mark, a
line or point in the compasscase indicating the head of the ship, and consequently
the coursewhich the ship is steering.
LUBBERLY,Like a lubber; clumsy.A great lubberly boy. Shak.
LUBRICANT,Lubricating.
LUBRICATION,The act of lubricating; the act of making slippery.
LUBRICITATE,See Lubricate.
LUBRICOUS,Lubric.
LUCARNE,A dormer window.
LUCCHESE,A native or inhabitant of Lucca, in Tuscany; in the plural, thepeople of
Lucca.
LUCE,A pike when full grown. Halliwell.
LUCENCY,The quality of being lucent.
LUCENT,Shining; bright; resplendent. " The sun's lucent orb." Milton.
LUCERN,A leguminous plant (Medicago sativa), having bluish purplecloverlike
flowers, cultivated for fodder; -- called also alfalfa.[Written also lucerne.]
LUCERNAL,Of or pertaining to a lamp. Lucernal microscope, a form of themicroscope
in which the object is illuminated by means of a lamp, andits image is thrown upon
a plate of ground glass connected with theinstrument, or on a screen independent of
it.
LUCERNARIA,A genus of acalephs, having a bell-shaped body with eightgroups of short
tentacles around the margin. It attaches itself by asucker at the base of the
pedicel.
LUCERNARIAN,Of or pertaining to the Lucernarida.-- n.
LUCERNE,See Lucern, the plant.
LUCIDITY,The quality or state of being lucid.
LUCIDLY,In a lucid manner.
LUCIDNESS,The quality of being lucid; lucidity.
LUCIFER,A genus of free-swimming macruran Crustacea, having a slenderbody and long
appendages.
LUCIFERIAN,One of the followers of Lucifer, bishop of Cagliari, in thefourth
century, who separated from the orthodox churches because theywould not go as far
as he did in opposing the Arians.
LUCIFEROUS,Giving light; affording light or means of discovery. Boyle.
LUCIFEROUSLY,In a luciferous manner.
LUCIFIC,Producing light. Grew.
LUCIFORM,Having, in some respects, the nature of light; resemblinglight. Berkeley.
LUCIFRIAN,Luciferian; satanic. [Obs.] Marston.
LUCIMETER,an instrument for measuring the intensity of light; aphotometer.
LUCK,That which happens to a person; an event, good or ill,affecting one's
interests or happiness, and which is deemed casual; acourse or series of such
events regarded as occurring by chance;chance; hap; fate; fortune; often, one's
habitual or characteristicfortune; as, good, bad, ill, or hard luck. Luck is often
used forgood luck; as, luck is better than skill.If thou dost play with him at any
game, Thou art sure to lose; and ofthat natural luck, He beats thee 'gainst the
odds. Shak.Luck penny, a small sum given back for luck to one who pays money.[Prov.
Eng.] -- To be is luck, to receive some good, or to meet withsome success, in an
unexpected manner, or as the result ofcircumstances beyond one's control; to be
fortunate.
LUCKILY,In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately; -- used in agood sense;
as, they luckily escaped injury.
LUCKLESS,Being without luck; unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meetingwith ill
success or bad fortune; as, a luckless gamester; a lucklessmaid.Prayers made and
granted in a luckless hour. Dryden.-- Luck"less*ly, adv.-- Lock"less*ness, n.
LUCKY PROACH,See Fatherlasher.
LUCRATIVELY,In a lucrative manner.
LUCRE,Gain in money or goods; profit; riches; -- often in an illsense.The lust of
lucre and the dread of death. Pope.
LUCRIFEROUS,Gainful; profitable. [Obs.] Boyle.
LUCRIFIC,Producing profit; gainful. [Obs.]
LUCTATION,Effort to overcome in contest; struggle; endeavor. [R.]Farindon.
LUCTUAL,Producing grief; saddening. [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.
LUCUBRATE,To study by candlelight or a lamp; to study by night.
LUCUBRATOR,One who studies by night; also, one who produces lucubrations.
LUCUBRATORY,Composed by candlelight, or by night; of or pertaining to nightstudies;
laborious or painstaking. Pope.
LUCULE,A spot or fleck on the sun brighter than the surroundingsurface.
LUCULENTLY,In a luculent manner; clearly.
LUCULLITE,A variety of black limestone, often polished for ornamentalpurposes.
LUCUMA,An American genus of sapotaceous trees bearing sweet and ediblefruits.
LUDDITE,One of a number of riotous persons in England, who for sixyears (1811-17)
tried to prevent the use of labor-saving machinery bybreaking it, burning
factories, etc.; -- so called from Ned Lud, ahalf-witted man who some years
previously had broken stocking frames.J. & H. Smith. H. Martineau.
LUDIBRIOUS,Sportive; ridiculous; wanton. [Obs.] Tooker.
LUDIBUND,Sportive. [Obs.] -- Lu"di*bund*ness, n. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
LUDICROUS,Adapted to excite laughter, without scorn or contempt;sportive. Broome.A
chapter upon German rhetoric would be in the same ludicrouspredicament as Van
Troil's chapter on the snakes of Iceland, whichdelivers its business in one summary
sentence, announcing, thatsnakes in Iceland -- there are none. De Quincey.
LUDIFICATION,The act of deriding.
LUDIFICATORY,Making sport; tending to excite derision. [Obs.]
LUDLAMITE,A mineral occurring in small, green, transparent, monocliniccrystals. It
is a hydrous phosphate of iron.
LUDLOW GROUP,A subdivision of the British Upper Silurian lying below the OldRed
Sandstone; -- so named from the Ludlow, in Western England. Seethe Chart of
Geology.
LUDWIGITE,A borate of iron and magnesia, occurring in fibrous masses of ablackish
green color.
LUES,Disease, especially of a contagious kind. Lues venerea,syphilis; -- called
also simply lues.
LUFF,To turn the head of a vessel toward the wind; to sail nearerthe wind; to turn
the tiller so as to make the vessel sail nearer thewind. To luff round, or To luff
alee, to make the extreme of thismovement, for the purpose of throwing the ship's
head into the wind.
LUFFER,See Louver.
LUG,A projecting piece to which anything, as a rod, is attached, oragainst which
anything, as a wedge or key, bears, or through which abolt passes, etc.
LUGGAGE,That which is lugged; anything cumbrous and heavy to becarried; especially,
a traveler's trunks, baggage, etc., or theircontents.I am gathering up my luggage,
and preparing for my journey. Swift.What do you mean, To dote thus on such luggage!
Shak.
LUGGER,A small vessel having two or three masts, and a runningbowsprit, and
carrying lugsails. See Illustration in Appendix.Totten.
LUGMARK,A mark cut into the ear of an animal to identify it; anearmark.
LUGSAIL,A square sail bent upon a yard that hangs obliquely to the mastand is
raised or lowered with the sail. Totten.
LUGUBRIOUS,Mournful; indicating sorrow, often ridiculously or feignedly;doleful;
woful; pitiable; as, a whining tone and a lugubrious look.Crossbones, scythes,
hourglasses, and other lugubrious emblems ofmortality. Hawthorne.--
Lu*gu"bri*ous*ly, adv.-- Lu*gu"bri*ous*ness, n.
LUGWORM,A large marine annelid (Arenicola marina) having a row oftufted gills along
each side of the back. It is found burrowing insandy beaches, both in America and
Europe, and is used for bait byEuropean fishermen. Called also lobworm, and
baitworm.
LUKE,Moderately warm; not hot; tepid.-- Luke"ness, n. [Obs.]Nine penn'orth o'brandy
and water luke. Dickens.
LUKEWARM,Moderately warm; neither cold nor hot; tepid; not ardent; notzealous;
cool; indifferent. " Lukewarm blood." Spenser. " Lukewarmpatriots." Addison.An
obedience so lukewarm and languishing that it merits not the nameof passion.
Dryden.-- Luce"warm`ly, adv.-- Luce"warm`ness, n.
LULL,To cause to rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm;to soothe; to
quiet. " To lull him soft asleep." Spenser.Such sweet compulsion doth in music lie,
To lull the daughters ofnecessity. Milton.
LULLER,One who, or that which, lulls.
LULLINGLY,In a lulling manner; soothingly.
LUM,A grayish brown limestone, containing fossil shells, whichreflect a beautiful
play of colors. It is also called fire marble,from its fiery reflections.
LUMBAGINOUS,Of or pertaining to lumbago.
LUMBAGO,A rheumatic pain in the loins and the small of the back.
LUMBER STATE,Maine; -- a nickname.
LUMBER,To make a sound as if moving heavily or clumsily; to rumble.Cowper.
LUMBERER,One employed in lumbering, cutting, and getting logs from theforest for
lumber; a lumberman. [U.S.]Lumberers have a notion that he (the woodpecker) is
harmful totimber. Lowell.
LUMBERING,The business of cutting or getting timber or logs from theforest for
lumber. [U.S.]
LUMBERMAN,One who is engaged in lumbering as a business or employment.[U.S.]
LUMBOSACRAL,Of or pertaining to the loins and sacrum; as, the lumbosacralnerve, a
branch of one of the lumber nerves which passes over thesacrum.
LUMBRIC,An earthworm, or a worm resembling an earthworm.
LUMBRICAL,Resembling a worm; as, the lumbrical muscles of the hands ofthe hands and
feet.-- n.
LUMBRICIFORM,Resembling an earthworm; vermiform.
LUMBRICOID,Like an earthworm; belonging to the genus Lumbricus, or
familyLumbricidæ.
LUMBRICUS,A genus of annelids, belonging to the Oligochæta, and includingthe common
earthworms. See Earthworm.
LUMINANT,Luminous. [R.]
LUMINATE,To illuminate. [Obs.]
LUMINATION,Illumination. [Obs.]
LUMINE,To illumine. [Obs.] Spenser.
LUMINESCENT,Shining with a light due to any of the various causes whichproduce
luminescence.
LUMINIFEROUS,Producing light; yielding light; transmitting light; as,
theluminiferous ether.
LUMINOSITY,The quality or state of being luminous; luminousness.
LUMMOX,A fat, ungainly, stupid person; an awkward bungler. [Law.]
LUMP,A projection beneath the breech end of a gun barrel. In thelump, In a lump,
the whole together; in gross.They may buy them in the lump. Addison.-- Lump coal,
coal in large lumps; -- the largest size brought fromthe mine.-- Lump sum, a gross
sum without a specification of items; as, toaward a lump sum in satisfaction of all
claims and damages.
LUMPER,The European eelpout; -- called also lumpen.
LUMPFISH,A large, thick, clumsy, marine fish (Cyclopterus lumpus) ofEurope and
America. The color is usually translucent sea green,sometimes purplish. It has a
dorsal row of spiny tubercles, and threerows on each side, but has no scales. The
ventral fins unite and forma ventral sucker for adhesion to stones and seaweeds.
Called alsolumpsucker, cock-paddle, sea owl.
LUMPING,Bulky; heavy. Arbuthnot.
LUMPISH,Like a lump; inert; gross; heavy; dull; spiritless. " Lumpish,heavy,
melancholy." Shak.-- Lump"ish*ly, adv.-- Lump"ish*ness, n.
LUMPSUCKER,The lumprish.
LUMPY,Full of lumps, or small compact masses.
LUMPY-JAW,Actinomycosis. [Colloq.]
LUNA,Silver. Luna cornea (Old Chem.), horn silver, or fused silverchloride, a
tough, brown, translucent mass; -- so called from itsresemblance to horn. Luna moth
(Zoöl.), a very large and beautifulAmerican moth (Actias luna). Its wings are
delicate light green, witha stripe of purple along the front edge of the anterior
wings, theother margins being edged with pale yellow. Each wing has a lunatespot
surrounded by rings of light yellow, blue, and black. Thecaterpillar commonly feeds
on the hickory, sassafras, and maple.
LUNAR,A lunar distance.
LUNARIAN,An inhabitant of the moon.
LUNARY,Lunar. [Obs.] Fuller.
LUNATIC,A person affected by lunacy; an insane person, esp. one who haslucid
intervals; a madman; a person of unsound mind.The lunatic, the lover, and the poet,
Are of imagination all compact.Shak.
LUNATION,The period of a synodic revolution of the moon, or the timefrom one new
moon to the next; varying in length, at different times,from about 29
LUNCH,A luncheon; specifically, a light repast between breakfast anddinner.
LUNCHEON,To take luncheon. Beaconsfield.
LUNE,A figure in the form of a crescent, bounded by two intersectingarcs of
circles.
LUNET,A little moon or satellite. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
LUNETTE,A fieldwork consisting of two faces, forming a salient angle,and two
parallel flanks. See Bastion.
LUNG,An organ for aërial respiration; -- commonly in the plural.My lungs began to
crow like chanticleer. Shak.
LUNG-GROWN,Having lungs that adhere to the pleura.
LUNGE,A sudden thrust or pass, as with a sword.
LUNGED,Having lungs, or breathing organs similar to lungs.
LUNGFISH,Any fish belonging to the Dipnoi; -- so called because theyhave both lungs
and gills.
LUNGIE,A guillemot. [Written also longie.] [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W.Scott.
LUNGIS,A lingerer; a dull, drowsy fellow. [Obs.]
LUNGLESS,Being without lungs.
LUNGOOR,A long-tailed monkey (Semnopithecus schislaceus), from themountainous
districts of India.
LUNGWORM,Any one of several species of parasitic nematoid worms whichinfest the
lungs and air passages of cattle, sheep, and otheranimals, often proving fatal. The
lungworm of cattle (Strongylusmicrurus) and that of sheep (S. filaria) are the best
known.
LUNICURRENT,Having relation to changes in currents that depend on themoon's phases.
Bache.
LUNIFORM,Resembling the moon in shape.
LUNISOLAR,Resulting from the united action, or pertaining to the mutualrelations,
of the sun and moon. Lunisolar precession (Astron.), thatportion of the annual
precession of the equinoxes which depends onthe joint action of the sun and moon.--
Lunisolar year, a period of time, at the end of which, in theJulian calendar, the
new and full moons and the eclipses recur on thesame days of the week and month and
year as in the previous period.It consists of 532 common years, being the least
common multiple ofthe numbers of years in the cycle of the sun and the cycle of
themoon.
LUNISTICE,The farthest point of the moon's northing and southing, in itsmonthly
revolution. [Obs.]
LUNITIDAL,Pertaining to tidal movements dependent on the moon. Bache.Lunitidal
interval. See Retard, n.
LUNULA,Same as Lunule.
LUNULAR,Having a form like that of the new moon; shaped like acrescent.
LUNULE,Anything crescent-shaped; a crescent-shaped part or mark; alunula, a lune.
LUNULET,A small spot, shaped like a half-moon or crescent; as, thelunulet on the
wings of many insects.
LUNULITE,Any bryozoan of the genus Lunulites, having a more or lesscircular form.
LUNY,Crazy; mentally unsound. [Written also loony.] [Law, U.S.]
LUPERCAL,Of or pertaining to the Lupercalia.
LUPERCALIA,A feast of the Romans in honor of Lupercus, or Pan.
LUPINE,A leguminous plant of the genus Lupinus, especially L. albus,the seeds of
which have been used for food from ancient times. Thecommon species of the Eastern
United States is L. perennis. There aremany species in California.
LUPININ,A glucoside found in the seeds of several species of lupine,and extracted
as a yellowish white crystalline substance.
LUPININE,An alkaloid found in several species of lupine (Lupinus luteus,L. albus,
etc.), and extracted as a bitter crystalline substance.
LUPULIN,A bitter principle extracted from hops.
LUPULINE,An alkaloid extracted from hops as a colorless volatile liquid.
LUPULINIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, hops; specifically,designating an acid
obtained by the decomposition of lupulin.
LUPUS,A cutaneous disease occurring under two distinct forms.
LURCATION,Gluttony; gormandizing. [Obs.]
LURCH,To swallow or eat greedily; to devour; hence, to swallow up.[Obs.]Too far off
from great cities, which may hinder business; too nearthem, which lurcheth all
provisions, and maketh everything dear.Bacon.
LURCHER,One of a mongrel breed of dogs said to have been a crossbetween the sheep
dog, greyhound, and spaniel. It hunts gamesilently, by scent, and is often used by
poachers.
LURCHLINE,The line by which a fowling net was pulled over so as toinclose the
birds.
LURDAN,Stupid; blockish. [Obs.]
LURE,A velvet smoothing brush. Knight.
LURG,A large marine annelid (Nephthys cæca), inhabiting the sandyshores of Europe
and America. It is whitish, with a pearly luster,and grows to the length of eight
or ten inches.
LURID,Having a brown color tonged with red, as of flame seen throughsmoke.
LURRY,A confused heap; a throng, as of persons; a jumble, as ofsounds. [Obs.]To
turn prayer into a kind of lurry. Milton.
LUSERN,A lynx. See 1st Lucern and Loup-cervier.
LUSH,Full of juice or succulence. Tennyson.How lush and lusty the grass looks! how
green! Shak.
LUSHBURG,See Lussheburgh. [Obs.]
LUSITANIAN,Pertaining to Lusitania, the ancient name of the region almostcoinciding
with Portugal.-- n.
LUSK,Lazy; slothful. [Obs.]
LUSKISH,Inclined to be lazy. Marston.-- Lusk"*ish*ly, adv. -Lusk"ish*ness, n.
[Obs.] Spenser.
LUSSHEBURGH,A spurious coin of light weight imported into England fromLuxemburg, or
Lussheburgh, as it was formerly called. [Obs.]God wot, no Lussheburghes payen ye.
Chaucer.
LUSTER,One who lusts.
LUSTERING,Destitute of luster; dim; dull.
LUSTIC,Lusty; vigorous. [Obs.]
LUSTIHEAD,See Lustihood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LUSTIHOOD,State of being lusty; vigor of body. " Full of lustihood."Tennyson.
LUSTILY,In a lusty or vigorous manner.
LUSTINESS,State of being lusty; vigor; strength.
LUSTRATE,To make clear or pure by means of a propitiatory offering; topurify.We
must purge, and cleanse, and lustrate the whole city. Hammond.
LUSTRATION,A sacrifice, or ceremony, by which cities, fields, armies, orpeople,
defiled by crimes, pestilence, or other cause of uncleanness,were purified.
LUSTRE,Same as Luster.
LUSTRICAL,Pertaining to, or used for, purification.
LUSTRING,A kind of glossy silk fabric. See Lutestring.
LUSTROUS,Bright; shining; luminous. " Good sparks and lustrous." Shak.--
Lus"trous*ly, adv.
LUSTRUM,A lustration or purification, especially the purification ofthe whole Roman
people, which was made by the censors once in fiveyears. Hence: A period of five
years.
LUSTWORT,See Sundew.
LUSUS NATURAE,Sport or freak of nature; a deformed or unnatural production.
LUTANIST,A person that plays on the lute. Johnson.
LUTARIOUS,Of, pertaining to, or like, mud; living in mud. [Obs.] Grew.
LUTATION,The act or method of luting vessels.
LUTE,A cement of clay or other tenacious infusible substance forsealing joints in
apparatus, or the mouths of vessels or tubes, orfor coating the bodies of retorts,
etc., when exposed to heat; --called also luting.
LUTE-BACKED,Having a curved spine.
LUTECIUM,A metallic element separated from ytterbium in 1907, by Urbainin Paris and
by von Welsbach in Vienna. Symbol, Lu; at. wt. 174.0.
LUTEIN,A substance of a strongly marked yellow color, extracted fromthe yelk of
eggs, and from the tissue of the corpus luteum.
LUTENIST,Same as Lutanist.
LUTEO-,A combining form signifying orange yellow or brownish yellow.
LUTEOCOBALTIC,Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds of cobalthaving a
yellow color. Cf. Cobaltic. Luteocobaltic chloride (Chem.),a brilliant reddish
yellow crystalline compound, Co2Cl6(NH3)12,obtained by the action of ammonium
chloride on an ammoniacal solutionof cobaltic chloride.
LUTEOLIN,A yellow dyestuff obtained from the foliage of the dyer's broom(Reseda
luteola).
LUTEOUS,Yellowish; more or less like buff.
LUTER,One who plays on a lute.
LUTESCENT,Of a yellowish color.
LUTESTRING,A plain, stout, lustrous silk, used for ladies' dresses and forribbon.
Goldsmith.
LUTH,The leatherback.
LUTHERAN,Of or pertaining to Luther; adhering to the doctrines of Lutheror the
Lutheran Church.
LUTHERN,A dormer window. See Dormer.
LUTIDINE,Any one of several metameric alkaloids, C5H3N.(CH3)2, of thepyridine
series, obtained from bone oil as liquids, and havingpeculiar pungent odors. These
alkaloids are also called respectivelydimethyl pyridine, ethyl pyridine, etc.
LUTING,See Lute, a cement.
LUTIST,One who plays on a lute.
LUTOSE,Covered with clay; miry.
LUTULENCE,The state or quality of being lutulent.
LUTULENT,Muddy; turbid; thick. [Obs.]
LUWACK,See Paradoxure.
LUX,To put out of joint; to luxate. [Obs.]
LUXATE,Luxated. [Obs.]
LUXATION,The act of luxating, or the state of being luxated; adislocation.
LUXE,Luxury. [Obs.] Shenstone. Édition de luxe (. Etym: [F.](Printing) A sumptuous
edition as regards paper, illustrations,binding, etc.
LUXIVE,Given to luxury; voluptuous. [Obs.]
LUXULLIANITE,A kind of granite from Luxullian, Cornwall, characterized bythe
presence of radiating groups of minute tourmaline crystals.
LUXURIANCE,The state or quality of being luxuriant; rank, vigorous growth;excessive
abundance produced by rank growth. "Tropical luxuriance."B. Taylor.
LUXURIANCY,The state or quality of being luxuriant; luxuriance.Flowers grow up in
the garden in the greatest luxuriancy andprofusion. Spectator.
LUXURIANT,Exuberant in growth; rank; excessive; very abundant; as, aluxuriant
growth of grass; luxuriant foliage.Prune the luxuriant, the uncouth refine.
Pope.Luxuriant flower (Bot.), one in which the floral envelopes areoverdeveloped at
the expense of the essential organs.
LUXURIANTLY,In a luxuriant manner.
LUXURIATION,The act or process luxuriating.
LUXURIETY,Luxuriance. [Obs.]
LUXURIOUS,Of or pertaining to luxury; ministering to luxury; suppliedwith the
conditions of luxury; as, a luxurious life; a luxurioustable; luxurious ease. "
Luxurious cities. " Milton.-- Lux*u"ri*ous*ly, adv.-- Lux*u"ri*ous*ness, n.
LUXURIST,One given to luxury. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.
LUZ,A bone of the human body which was supposed by certainRabbinical writers to be
indestructible. Its location was a matter ofdispute. Brande & C.
LYAM,A leash. [Obs.]
LYCANTHROPIA,See Lycanthropy, 2.
LYCANTHROPIC,Pertaining to lycanthropy.
LYCANTHROPIST,One affected by the disease lycanthropy.
LYCANTHROPOUS,Lycanthropic.
LYCANTHROPY,A kind of erratic melancholy, in which the patient imagineshimself a
wolf, and imitates the actions of that animal.
LYCEE,A French lyceum, or secondary school supported by the Frenchgovernment, for
preparing students for the university.
LYCH GATE,. See under Lich.
LYCHE,Like. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LYCHEE,See Litchi.
LYCHNIS,A genus of Old World plants belonging to the Pink family(Caryophyllaceæ).
Most of the species have brilliantly coloredflowers and cottony leaves, which may
have anciently answered aswicks for lamps. The botanical name is in common use for
the gardenspecies. The corn cockle (Lychnis Githago) is a common weed in
wheatfields.
LYCHNOBITE,One who labors at night and sleeps in the day.
LYCHNOSCOPE,Same as Low side window, under Low, a.
LYCINE,A weak base identical with betaine; -- so called because foundin the
boxthorn (Lycium barbarum). See Betaine.
LYCOPERDON,A genus of fungi, remarkable for the great quantity of spores,forming a
fine dust, which is thrown out like smoke when the plant iscompressed or burst;
puffball.
LYCOPOD,A plant of the genus Lycopodium.
LYCOPODE,Same as Lycopodium powder. See under Lycopodium.
LYCOPODIACEOUS,Belonging, or relating, to the Lycopodiaceæ, an order ofcryptogamous
plants (called also club mosses) with branching stems,and small, crowded, one-
nerved, and usually pointed leaves.
LYCOPODITE,An old name for a fossil club moss.
LYCOPODIUM,A genus of mosslike plants, the type of the order Lycopodiaceæ;club
moss. Lycopodium powder, a fine powder or dust composed of thespores of Lycopodium,
and other plants of the order Lycopodiaceæ. Itis highly inflammable, and is
sometimes used in the manufacture offireworks, and the artificial representation of
lightning.
LYCOTROPOUS,Campylotropous.
LYDDITE,A high explosive consisting principally of picric acid, used asa shell
explosive in the British service; -- so named from theproving grounds at Lydd,
England.
LYDEN,See Leden. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LYDIAN,Of or pertaining to Lydia, a country of Asia Minor, or to itsinhabitants;
hence, soft; effeminate; -- said especially of one ofthe ancient Greek modes or
keys, the music in which was of a soft,pathetic, or voluptuous character.Softly
sweet in Lydian measures, Soon he soothed his soul topleasures. Dryden.Lydian
stone, a flint slate used by the ancients to try gold andsilver; a touchstone. See
Basanite.
LYDINE,A violet dye derived from aniline.
LYE,A strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium salts, obtainedby leaching wood
ashes. It is much used in making soap, etc.
LYENCEPHALA,A group of Mammalia, including the marsupials and monotremes; -- so
called because the corpus callosum is rudimentary.
LYENCEPHALOUS,Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Lyencephala.
LYERMAN,The cicada.
LYGODIUM,A genus of ferns with twining or climbing fronds, bearingstalked and
variously-lobed divisions in pairs.
LYING,of Lie, to tell a falsehood.
LYINGLY,In a lying manner; falsely.
LYKEN,To please; -- chiefly used impersonally. [Obs.] " Sith itlyketh you."
Chaucer.
LYMAIL,See Limaille. [Obs.] Chaucer.
LYME GRASS,A coarse perennial grass of several species of Elymus, esp.
E.Canadensis, and the European E. arenarius.
LYMPH NODE,A lymphatic gland.
LYMPH,An alkaline colorless fluid, contained in the lymphaticvessels, coagulable
like blood, but free from red blood corpuscles.It is absorbed from the various
tissues and organs of the body, andis finally discharged by the thoracic and right
lymphatic ducts intothe great veins near the heart.
LYMPHADENITIS,Inflammation of the lymphatic glands; -- called also lymphitis.
LYMPHADENOMA,See Lymphoma.
LYMPHANGEITIS,Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels. [Written alsolymphangitis.]
LYMPHANGIAL,Of or pertaining to the lymphatics, or lymphoid tissue;lymphatic.
LYMPHATIC,pertaining to, containing, or conveying lymph.
LYMPHITIS,See Lymphadenitis.
LYMPHOGENIC,Connected with, or formed in, the lymphatic glands.
LYMPHOGRAPHY,A description of the lymphatic vessels, their origin and uses.
LYMPHOID,Resembling lymph; also, resembling a lymphatic gland; adenoid;as, lymphoid
tissue.
LYMPHOMA,A tumor having a structure resembling that of a lymphaticgland; -- called
also lymphadenoma. Malignant lymphoma, a fataldisease characterized by the
formation in various parts of the bodyof new growths resembling lymphatic glands in
structure.
LYMPHY,Containing, or like, lymph.
LYN,A waterfall. See Lin. [Scot.]
LYNCEAN,Of or pertaining to the lynx.
LYNCH LAW,. The act or practice by private persons of inflictingpunishment for
crimes or offenses, without due process of law.
LYNCH,To inflict punishment upon, especially death, without the formsof law, as
when a mob captures and hangs a suspected person. SeeLynch law.
LYNCHER,One who assists in lynching.
LYNE,Linen. [Obs.] Spenser.
LYNX,Any one of several species of feline animals of the genusFelis, and subgenus
Lynx. They have a short tail, and usually apencil of hair on the tip of the ears.
LYNX-EYED,Having acute sight.
LYONNAISE,Applied to boiled potatoes cut into small pieces and heated inoil or
butter. They are usually flavored with onion and parsley.
LYOPOMATA,An order of brachiopods, in which the valves of shell are notarticulated
by a hinge. It includes the Lingula, Discina, and alliedforms. [Written also
Lyopoma.]
LYRA,A northern constellation, the Harp, containing a white star ofthe first
magnitude, called Alpha Lyræ, or Vega.
LYRAID,Same as Lyrid.
LYRE BIRD,Any one of two or three species of Australian birds of thegenus Menura.
The male is remarkable for having the sixteen tailfeathers very long and, when
spread, arranged in the form of a lyre.The common lyre bird (Menura superba),
inhabiting New South Wales, isabout the size of a grouse. Its general color is
brown, with rufouscolor on the throat, wings, tail coverts and tail. Called also
lyrepheasant and lyre-tail.
LYRE,A stringed instrument of music; a kind of harp much used by theancients, as an
accompaniment to poetry.
LYRIC,The words of a song.
LYRICALLY,In a lyrical manner.
LYRICISM,A lyric composition. Gray.
LYRID,One of the group of shooting stars which come into the air incertain years on
or about the 19th of April; -- so called because theapparent path among the stars
the stars if produced back wardscrosses the constellation Lyra.
LYRIE,A European fish (Peristethus cataphractum), having the bodycovered with bony
plates, and having three spines projecting in frontof the nose; -- called also
noble, pluck, pogge, sea poacher, andarmed bullhead.
LYRIFEROUS,Having a lyre-shaped shoulder girdle, as certain fishes.
LYRISM,The act of playing on a lyre or harp. G. Eliot.
LYRIST,A musician who plays on the harp or lyre; a composer of lyricalpoetry.
Shelley.
LYSIMETER,An instrument for measuring the water that percolates through acertain
depth of soil. Knight.
LYSIS,The resolution or favorable termination of a disease, coming ongradually and
not marked by abrupt change.
LYSSA,Hydrophobia.
LYTERIAN,Termination a disease; indicating the end of a disease.
LYTHE,The European pollack; -- called also laith, and leet. [Scot.]
LYTTA,A fibrous and muscular band lying within the longitudinal axisof the tongue
in many mammals, as the dog.
MA,But; -- used in cautionary phrases; as, "Vivace, ma non troppopresto" (i. e.,
lively, but not too quick). Moore (Encyc. of Music).
MAA,The common European gull (Larus canus); -- called also mar. SeeNew, a gull.
MAAD,Made. Chaucer.
MAALIN,Madam; my lady; -- a colloquial contraction of madam often usedin direct
address, and sometimes as an appellation.
MAARA SHELL,A large, pearly, spiral, marine shell (Turbo margaritaceus),from the
Pacific Islands. It is used as an ornament.
MAASHA,An East Indian coin, of about one tenth of the weight of arupee.
MAAT,Dejected; sorrowful; downcast. [Obs.] "So piteous and so maat."Chaucer.
MABBLE,To wrap up. [Obs.]
MABBY,A spirituous liquor or drink distilled from potatoes; -- usedin the
Barbadoes.
MABOLO,A kind of persimmon tree (Diospyros discolor) from thePhilippine Islands,
now introduced into the East and West Indies. Itbears an edible fruit as large as a
quince.
MAC,A prefix, in names of Scotch origin, signifying son.
MACACO,Any one of several species of lemurs, as the ruffed lemur(Lemur macaco), and
the ring-tailed lemur (L. catta).
MACACUS,A genus of monkeys, found in Asia and the East Indies. Theyhave short tails
and prominent eyebrows.
MACADAM ROAD,A macadamized road.
MACADAMIZATION,The process or act of macadamizing.
MACADAMIZE,To cover, as a road, or street, with small, broken stones, soas to form
a smooth, hard, convex surface.
MACAO,A macaw.
MACAQUE,Any one of several species of short-tailed monkeys of the genusMacacus; as,
M. maurus, the moor macaque of the East Indies.
MACARANGA GUM,A gum of a crimson color, obtained from a tree (MacarangaIndica) that
grows in the East Indies. It is used in takingimpressions of coins, medallions,
etc., and sometimes as a medicine.Balfour (Cyc. of India).
MACARIZE,To congratulate. [Oxford Univ. Cant] Whately.
MACARTNEY,A fire-backed pheasant. See Fireback.
MACASSAR OIL,A kind of oil formerly used in dressing the hair; -- so calledbecause
originally obtained from Macassar, a district of the Islandof Celebes. Also, an
imitation of the same, of perfumed castor oiland olive oil.
MACAUCO,Any one of several species of small lemurs, as Lemur murinus,which
resembles a rat in size.
MACAVAHU,A small Brazilian monkey (Callithrix torquatus), -- called alsocollared
teetee.
MACAW,Any parrot of the genus Sittace, or Macrocercus. About eighteenspecies are
known, all of them American. They are large and have avery long tail, a strong
hooked bill, and a naked space around theeyes. The voice is harsh, and the colors
are brilliant and stronglycontrasted.
MACCABEAN,Of or pertaining to Judas Maccabeus or to the Maccabees; as,the Maccabean
princes; Maccabean times.
MACCABEES,A kind of snuff.
MACCO,A gambling game in vogue in the eighteenth century. Thackeray.
MACE,A money of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also,a weight of
57.98 grains. S. W. Williams.
MACEDOINE,A kind of mixed dish, as of cooked vegetables with white sauce,sweet
jelly with whole fruit, etc. Also, fig., a medley.
MACEDONIAN,Belonging, or relating, to Macedonia.-- n.
MACEDONIANISM,The doctrines of Macedonius.
MACER,A mace bearer; an officer of a court. P. Plowman.
MACERATER,One who, or that which, macerates; an apparatus for convertingpaper or
fibrous matter into pulp.
MACERATION,The act or process of macerating.
MACHETE,A large heavy knife resembling a broadsword, often two or threefeet in
length, -- used by the inhabitants of Spanish America as ahatchet to cut their way
through thickets, and for various otherpurposes. J. Stevens.
MACHIAVELIAN,Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to his supposed
principles;politically cunning; characterized by duplicity or bad faith; crafty.
MACHICOLATED,Having machicolations. "Machicolated turrets." C. Kingsley.
MACHICOLATION,An opening between the corbels which support a projectingparapet, or
in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal,shooting or dropping missiles
upen assailants attacking the base ofthe walls. Also, the construction of such
defenses, in general, whenof this character. See Illusts. of Battlement and Castle.
MACHICOULIS,Same as Machicolation.
MACHINAL,Of or pertaining to machines.
MACHINATE,To plan; to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purposeof doing
harm; to contrive artfully; to plot. "How long will youmachinate!" Sandys.
MACHINATOR,One who machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; aplotter or
artful schemer. Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.
MACHINE,To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid ofmachinery; to
print with a printing machine.
MACHINER,One who or operates a machine; a machinist. [R.]
MACHINING,Of or pertaining to the machinery of a poem; acting or used asa machine.
[Obs.] Dryden.
MACHO,The striped mullet of California (Mugil cephalus, orMexicanus).
MACILENCY,Leanness.[Obs.] Sandys.
MACILENT,Lean; thin. [Obs.] Bailey.
MACINTOSH,Same as Mackintosh.
MACKEREL,A pimp; also, a bawd. [Obs.] Halliwell.
MACKINAW BOAT,A flat-bottomed boat with a pointed prow and square stern,using oars
or sails or both, used esp. on the upper Great Lakes andtheir tributaries.
MACKINAW COAT,A short, heavy, double-breasted plaid coat, the design of whichis
large and striking. [Local, U. S.]
MACKINAW TROUT,The namaycush.
MACKINTOSH,A waterproof outer garment; -- so called from the name of theinventor.
MACKLE,Same Macule.
MACLUREA,A genus of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size,characteristic of
the lower Silurian rocks.
MACLURIN,See Morintannic.
MACRAME LACE,A coarse lace made of twine, used especially in decoratingfurniture.
MACRO-,A combining form signifying long, large, great; asmacrodiagonal, macrospore.
MACRO-CHEMISTRY,The science which treats of the chemical properties, actions
orrelations of substances in quantity; -- distinguished from micro-chemistry.
MACROBIOTIC,Long-lived. Dunglison.
MACROBIOTICS,The art of prolonging life.
MACROCEPHALOUS,Having the cotyledons of a dicotyledonous embryo confluent,
andforming a large mass compared with the rest of the body. Henslow.
MACROCHIRES,A division of birds including the swifts and humming birds. Socalled
from the length of the distal part of the wing.
MACROCOSM,The great world; that part of the universe which is exterior toman; --
contrasted with microcosm, or man. See Microcosm.
MACROCOSMIC,Of or pertaining to the macrocosm. Tylor.
MACROCYSTIS,An immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific
(Macrocystispyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.
MACRODACTYL,One of a group of wading birds (Macrodactyli) having very longtoes.
[Written also macrodactyle.]
MACRODIAGONAL,The longer of two diagonals, as of a rhombic prism.
SeeCrystallization.
MACRODOME,A dome parallel to the longer lateral axis of an orthorhombiccrystal. See
Dome, n., 4.
MACRODONT,Having large teeth.-- n.
MACROFARAD,See Megafarad. [R.]
MACROGLOSSIA,Enlargement or hypertrophy of the tongue.
MACROGNATHIC,Long-jawed. Huxley.
MACROGRAPH,A picture of an object as seen by the naked eye (that is,unmagnified);
as, a macrograph of a metallic fracture.
MACROGRAPHY,Examination or study with the naked eye, as distinguished
frommicrography.
MACROLOGY,Long and tedious talk without much substance; superfluity ofwords.
MACROMETER,An instrument for determining the size or distance ofinaccessible
objects by means of two reflectors on a common sextant.
MACRON,A short, straight, horizontal mark [-], placed over vowels todenote that
they are to be pronounced with a long sound; as, a, indame; e, in seam, etc.
MACROPETALOUS,Having long or large petals.
MACROPHYLLOUS,Having long or large leaves.
MACROPINACOID,One of the two planes of an orthorhombic crystal which areparallel to
the vertical and longer lateral (macrodiagonal) axes.
MACROPOD,Any one of a group of maioid crabs remarkable for the length oftheir legs;
-- called also spider crab.
MACROPODAL,Having long or large feet, or a long stem.
MACROPODIAN,A macropod.
MACROPODOUS,Having long legs or feet.
MACROPRISM,A prism of an orthorhombic crystal between the macropinacoidand the unit
prism; the corresponding pyramids are calledmacropyramids.
MACROPTERES,A division of birds; the Longipennes.
MACROPTEROUS,Having long wings.
MACROPUS,genus of marsupials including the common kangaroo.
MACROPYRAMID,See Macroprism.
MACROSPORANGIUM,A sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; --opposed
to microsporangium. Both are found in the genera Selaginella,Isoctes, and Marsilia,
plants remotely allied to ferns.
MACROSPORE,One of the specially large spores of certain flowerless plants,as
Selaginella, etc.
MACROSPORIC,Of or pertaining to macrospores.
MACROTONE,Same as Macron.
MACROTOUS,Large-eared.
MACRURA,A subdivision of decapod Crustacea, having the abdomen largelydeveloped. It
includes the lobster, prawn, shrimp, and many similarforms. Cf. Decapoda.
MACRURAL,Same as Macrurous.
MACRURAN,One of the Macrura.
MACRUROID,Like or pertaining to the Macrura.
MACRUROUS,Of or pertaining to the Macrura; having a long tail.
MACTATION,The act of killing a victim for sacrifice. [Obs.]
MACTRA,Any marine bivalve shell of the genus Mactra, and alliedgenera. Many species
are known. Some of them are used as food, asMactra stultorum, of Europe. See Surf
clam, under Surf.
MACULA,A rather large spot or blotch of color.
MACULATE,To spot; to stain; to blur.Maculate the honor of their people. Sir T.
Elyot.
MACULATED,Having spots or blotches; maculate.
MACULATION,The act of spotting; a spot; a blemish. Shak.
MACULATORY,Causing a spot or stain. T. Adams.
MACULATURE,, Blotting paper. [Obs.]
MACULE,A blur, or an appearance of a double impression, as when thepaper slips a
little; a mackle.
MACULOSE,Of or pertaining to spots upon a surface; spotted; maculate.
MAD,of Made. Chaucer.
MAD-APPLE,See Eggplant.
MAD-HEADED,Wild; crack-brained.
MADAM,A gentlewoman; -- an appellation or courteous form of addressgiven to a lady,
especially an elderly or a married lady; -- muchused in the address, at the
beginning of a letter, to a woman. Thecorresponding word in addressing a man is
Sir.
MADAME,My lady; -- a French title formerly given to ladies of quality;now, in
France, given to all married women. Chaucer.
MADBRAIN,Hot-headed; rash. Shak.-- n.
MADBRAINED,Disordered in mind; hot-headed. Shak.
MADCAP,lord." Shak.
MADDEN,To make mad; to drive to madness; to craze; to excite violentlywith passion;
to make very angry; to enrage.
MADDER,A plant of the Rubia (R. tinctorum). The root is much used indyeing red, and
formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated inFrance and Holland. See
Rubiaceous.
MADDERWORT,A name proposed for any plant of the same natural order(Rubiaceæ) as the
madder.
MADDING,Affected with madness; raging; furious.-- Mad"ding*ly, adv. [Archaic]Far
from the madding crowd's ignoble strife. Gray.The madding wheels Of brazen chariots
raged. Milton.
MADDISH,Somewhat mad. Beau. & Fl.
MADE,See Mad, n.
MADECASSEE,Of or pertaining to Madagascar or its inhabitants.
MADEFY,To make wet or moist. [R.]
MADEGASSY,See Madecassee.
MADEIRA VINE,A herbaceous climbing vine (Boussingaultia baselloides) verypopular in
cultivation, having shining entire leaves and racemes ofsmall fragrant white
flowers.
MADEIRA,A rich wine made on the Island of Madeira.A cup of Madeira, and a cold
capon's leg. Shak.Madeira nut (Bot.), the European walnut; the nut of the
Juglansregia.
MADEMOISELLE,A marine food fish (Sciæna chrysura), of the Southern UnitedStates; --
called also yellowtail, and silver perch.
MADHOUSE,A house where insane persons are confined; an insane asylum; abedlam.
MADIA,A genus of composite plants, of which one species (Madiasativa) is cultivated
for the oil yielded from its seeds by pressure.This oil is sometimes used instead
of olive oil for the table.
MADID,Wet; moist; as, a madid eye. [R.] Beaconsfield.
MADISTERIUM,An instrument to extract hairs.
MADJOUN,An intoxicating confection from the hemp plant; -- used by theTurks and
Hindoos. [Written also majoun.]
MADLY,In a mad manner; without reason or understanding; wildly.
MADMAN,A man who is mad; lunatic; a crazy person.When a man mistakes his thoughts
for person and things, he is mad. Amadman is properly so defined. Coleridge.
MADNEP,The masterwort (Peucedanum Ostruthium).
MADONNA,A picture of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe).The Italian painters
are noted for drawing the Madonnas by their ownwives or mistresses. Rymer.
MADOQUA,A small Abyssinian antelope (Neotragus Saltiana), about thesize of a hare.
MADRAGUE,A large fish pound used for the capture of the tunny in theMediterranean;
also applied to the seines used for the same purpose.
MADRAS,A large silk-and-cotton kerchief, usually of bright colors,such as those
often used by negroes for turbans.
MADREPERL,Mother-of-pearl.
MADREPORA,A genus of reef corals abundant in tropical seas. It includesthan one
hundred and fifty species, most of which are elegantlybranched.-- Mad`re*po"ral, a.
MADREPORARIA,An extensive division of Anthozoa, including most of thespecies that
produce stony corals. See Illust. of Anthozoa.-- Mad`re*po*ra"ri*an, a. & n.
MADREPORE,Any coral of the genus Madrepora; formerly, often applied toany stony
coral.
MADREPORIFORM,Resembling a madreporian coral in form or structure.
MADREPORITE,A fossil coral.
MADRIER,A thick plank, used for several mechanical purposes;especially:(a) A plank
to receive the mouth of a petard, with which it isapplied to anything intended to
be broken down.(b) A plank or beam used for supporting the earth in mines
orfortifications.
MADRIGAL,An unaccompanied polyphonic song, in four, five, or more parts,set to
secular words, but full of counterpoint and imitation, andadhering to the old
church modes. Unlike the freer glee, it is bestsung with several voices on a part.
See Glee.
MADRIGALER,A madrigalist.
MADRIGALIST,A composer of madrigals.
MADRILENIAN,Of or pertaining to Madrid in Spain, or to its inhabitants.-- n.
MADRINA,An animal (usually an old mare), wearing a bell and acting asthe leader of
a troop of pack mules. [S. America]
MADRO,A small evergreen tree or shrub (Arbutus Menziesii), ofCalifornia, having a
smooth bark, thick shining leaves, and ediblered berries, which are often called
madroña apples. [Written alsomadroño.]
MADWORT,A genus of cruciferous plants (Alyssum) with white or yellowflowers and
rounded pods. A. maritimum is the commonly cultivatedsweet alyssum, a fragrant
white-flowered annual.
MAESTOSO,Majestic or majestically; -- a direction to perform a passageor piece of
music in a dignified manner.
MAESTRICHT MONITOR,The Mosasaurus Hofmanni. See Mosasaurus.
MAESTRO,A master in any art, especially in music; a composer.
MAFFLE,To stammer. [Obs.]
MAFFLER,A stammerer. [Obs.]
MAGAZINE CAMERA,A camera in which a number of plates can be exposed
withoutreloading.
MAGAZINE,To store in, or as in, a magazine; to store up for use.
MAGAZINER,One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.] Goldsmith.
MAGAZINING,The act of editing, or writing for, a magazine. [Colloq.]Byron.
MAGAZINIST,One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.]
MAGBOTE,See Mægbote.
MAGDALA,Designating an orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine,and called
magdala red, naphthalene red, etc.
MAGDALEN,A reformed prostitute.
MAGDALEON,A medicine in the form of a roll, a esp. a roll of plaster.
MAGDEBURG,A city of Saxony. Magdeburg centuries, Magdeburg hemispheres.See under
Century, and Hemisphere.
MAGE,A magician. [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.
MAGELLANIC,Of or pertaining to, or named from, Magellan, the navigator.Magellenic
clouds (Astron.), three conspicuous nebulæ near the southpole, resembling thin
white clouds.
MAGENTA,An aniline dye obtained as an amorphous substance having agreen bronze
surface color, which dissolves to a shade of red; also,the color; -- so called from
Magenta, in Italy, in allusion to thebattle fought there about the time the dye was
discovered. Calledalso fuchsine, roseïne, etc.
MAGGED,Worn; fretted; as, a magged brace. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
MAGGIORE,Greater, in respect to scales, intervals, etc., when used inopposition to
minor; major. Moore (Encyc. of Music).
MAGGOT,The footless larva of any fly. See Larval.
MAGGOT-PIE,A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.
MAGGOTINESS,State of being maggoty.
MAGGOTISH,Full of whims or fancies; maggoty.
MAGHET,A name for daisies and camomiles of several kinds.
MAGI,A caste of priests, philosophers, and magicians, among theancient Persians;
hence, any holy men or sages of the East.The inspired Magi from the Orient came.
Sandys.
MAGIAN,Of or pertaining to the Magi.
MAGIC,A comprehensive name for all of the pretended arts which claimto produce
effects by the assistance of supernatural beings, ordeparted spirits, or by a
mastery of secret forces in nature attainedby a study of occult science, including
enchantment, conjuration,witchcraft, sorcery, necromancy, incantation, etc.An
appearance made by some magic. Chaucer.Celestial magic, a supposed supernatural
power which gave to spiritsa kind of dominion over the planets, and to the planets
an influenceover men.-- Natural magic, the art of employing the powers of nature
toproduce effects apparently supernatural.-- Superstitious, or Geotic, magic, the
invocation of devils ordemons, involving the supposition of some tacit or express
agreementbetween them and human beings.
MAGICALLY,In a magical manner; by magic, or as if by magic.
MAGICIAN,One skilled in magic; one who practices the black art; anenchanter; a
necromancer; a sorcerer or sorceress; a conjurer.
MAGISTER,Master; sir; -- a title of the Middle Ages, given to a personin authority,
or to one having a license from a university to teachphilosophy and the liberal
arts.
MAGISTERIAL,Pertaining to, produced by, or of the nature of, magistery.
SeeMagistery, 2.
MAGISTERIALITY,Magisterialness; authoritativeness. [R.] Fuller.
MAGISTERIALLY,In a magisterial manner.
MAGISTERIALNESS,The quality or state of being magisterial.
MAGISTERY,A precipitate; a fine substance deposited by precipitation; --applied in
old chemistry to certain white precipitates from metallicsolutions; as, magistery
of bismuth. Ure.
MAGISTRAL,Formulated extemporaneously, or for a special case; -- opposedto
officinal, and said of prescriptions and medicines. Dunglison.Magistral line
(Fort.), the guiding line, or outline, or outline, bywhich the form of the work is
determined. It is usually the crestline of the parapet in fieldworks, or the top
line of the escarp inpermanent fortifications.
MAGISTRALITY,Magisterialness; arbitrary dogmatism. Bacon.
MAGISTRALLY,In a magistral manner. Abp. Bramhall.
MAGISTRATE,A person clothed with power as a public civil officer; a publiccivil
officer invested with the executive government, or some branchof it. "All Christian
rulers and magistrates." Book of Com. Prayer.Of magistrates some also are supreme,
in whom the sovereign power ofthe state resides; others are subordinate.
Blackstone.
MAGISTRATURE,Magistracy. [Obs.]
MAGMA,The amorphous or homogenous matrix or ground mass, asdistinguished from well-
defined crystals; as, the magma of porphyry.
MAGNALITY,A great act or event; a great attainment. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MAGNANIMITY,The quality of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevationor
dignity of soul; that quality or combination of qualities, incharacter, which
enables one to encounter danger and trouble withtranquility and firmness, to
disdain injustice, meanness and revenge,and to act and sacrifice for noble objects.
MAGNANIMOUSLY,In a magnanimous manner; with greatness of mind.
MAGNASE BLACK,A black pigment which dries rapidly when mixed with oil, and isof
intense body. Fairholt.
MAGNES,Magnet. [Obs.] Spenser.
MAGNESIA,A light earthy white substance, consisting of magnesium oxide,and obtained
by heating magnesium hydrate or carbonate, or by burningmagnesium. It has a
slightly alkaline reaction, and is used inmedicine as a mild antacid laxative. See
Magnesium. Magnesia albaEtym: [L.] (Med. Chem.), a bulky white amorphous
substance,consisting of a hydrous basic carbonate of magnesium, and used as amild
cathartic.
MAGNESIAN,Pertaining to, characterized by, or containing, magnesia ormagnesium.
Magnesian limestone. (Min.) See Dolomite.
MAGNESIC,Pertaining to, or containing, magnesium; as, magnesic oxide.
MAGNESITE,Native magnesium carbonate occurring in white compact orgranular masses,
and also in rhombohedral crystals.
MAGNESIUM,A light silver-white metallic element, malleable and ductile,quite
permanent in dry air but tarnishing in moist air. It burns,forming (the oxide)
magnesia, with the production of a blinding light(the so-called magnesium light)
which is used in signaling, inpyrotechny, or in photography where a strong actinic
illuminant isrequired. Its compounds occur abundantly, as in dolomite,
talc,meerschaum, etc. Symbol Mg. Atomic weight, 24.4. Specific gravity,1.75.
Magnesium sulphate. (Chem.) Same as Epsom salts.
MAGNET,A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the peculiar propertiesof the
loadstone have been imparted; -- called, in distinction fromthe loadstone, an
artificial magnet.
MAGNETICALLY,By or as by, magnetism.
MAGNETICALNESS,Quality of being magnetic.
MAGNETICIAN,One versed in the science of magnetism; a magnetist.
MAGNETICNESS,Magneticalness. [Obs.]
MAGNETICS,The science of magnetism.
MAGNETIFEROUS,Producing or conducting magnetism.
MAGNETISM,The property, quality, or state, of being magnetic; themanifestation of
the force in nature which is seen in a magnet.
MAGNETIST,One versed in magnetism.
MAGNETITE,An oxide of iron (Fe3O4) occurring in isometric crystals, alsomassive, of
a black color and metallic luster. It is readilyattracted by a magnet and sometimes
possesses polarity, being thencalled loadstone. It is an important iron ore. Called
also magneticiron.
MAGNETIZABLE,Capable of magnetized.
MAGNETIZATION,The act of magnetizing, or the state of being magnetized.
MAGNETIZEE,A person subjected to the influence of animal magnetism. [R.]
MAGNETIZER,One who, or that which, imparts magnetism.
MAGNETO-,A prefix meaning pertaining to, produced by, or in some wayconnected with,
magnetism.
MAGNETO-ELECTRICITY,That branch of science which treats of the development
ofelectricity by the action of magnets; -- the counterpart of electro-magnetism.
MAGNETOGRAPH,An automatic instrument for registering, by photography orotherwise,
the states and variations of any of the terrestrialmagnetic elements.
MAGNETOMETER,An instrument for measuring the intensity of magnetic forces;also,
less frequently, an instrument for determining any of theterrestrial magnetic
elements, as the dip and declination.
MAGNETOMETRIC,Pertaining to, or employed in, the measurement of magneticforces;
obtained by means of a magnetometer; as, magnetometricinstruments; magnetometric
measurements.
MAGNETOMOTIVE,Pertaining to, or designating, a force producing magnetic
flux,analogous to electromotive force, and equal to the magnetic fluxmultiplied by
the magnetic reluctance.
MAGNETOMOTOR,A voltaic series of two or more large plates, producing a
greatquantity of electricity of low tension, and hence adapted to theexhibition of
electro-magnetic phenomena. [R.]
MAGNETOTHERAPY,The treatment of disease by the application of magnets to thesurface
of the body.
MAGNIFIABLE,Such as can be magnified, or extolled.
MAGNIFICAT,The song of the Virgin Mary, Luke i. 46; -- so called becauseit
commences with this word in the Vulgate.
MAGNIFICATE,To magnify or extol. [Obs.] Marston.
MAGNIFICATION,The act of magnifying; enlargement; exaggeration. [R.]
MAGNIFICENCE,The act of doing what magnificent; the state or quality ofbeing
magnificent. Acts xix. 27. "Then cometh magnificence." Chaucer.And, for the
heaven's wide circuit, let it speak The Maker's highmagnificence, who built so
spacious. Milton.The noblest monuments of Roman magnificence. Eustace.
MAGNIFICENTLY,In a Magnificent manner.
MAGNIFIER,One who, or that which, magnifies.
MAGNILOQUENCE,The quality of being magniloquent; pompous discourse;grandiloquence.
MAGNILOQUENT,Speaking pompously; using swelling discourse; bombastic; tumidin
style; grandiloquent.-- Mag*nil"o*quent*ly, adv.
MAGNILOQUOUS,Magniloquent. [Obs.]
MAGNITUDE,That which has one or more of the three dimensions, length,breadth, and
thickness.
MAGNOLIA,A genus of American and Asiatic trees, with aromatic bark andlarge sweet-
scented whitish or reddish flowers.
MAGNOLIACEOUS,Pertaining to a natural order (Magnoliaceæ) of trees of whichthe
magnolia, the tulip tree, and the star anise are examples.
MAGNUM,A bone of the carpus at the base of the third metacarpal bone.
MAGOT,The Barbary ape.
MAGOT-PIE,A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.
MAGPIE,Any one of numerous species of the genus Pica and relatedgenera, allied to
the jays, but having a long graduated tail.
MAGUARI,A South American stork (Euxenara maguari), having a forkedtail.
MAGUEY,The century plant, a species of Agave (A. Americana). SeeAgave.
MAGYAR,One of the dominant people of Hungary, allied to the Finns; aHungarian.
MAHA,A kind of baboon; the wanderoo.
MAHALED,(Bot.) A cherry tree (Prunus Mahaleb) of Southern Europe. Thewood is prized
by cabinetmakers, the twigs are used for pipe stems,the flowers and leaves yield a
perfume, and from the fruit a violetdye and a fermented liquor (like kirschwasser)
are prepared.
MAHARAJAH,A sovereign prince in India; -- a title given also to otherpersons of
high rank.
MAHARIF,An African antelope (Hippotragus Bakeri). Its face is stripedwith black and
white.
MAHARMAH,A muslin wrapper for the head and the lower part of the face,worn by
Turkish and Armenian women when they go abroad.
MAHATMA,One of a class of sages, or "adepts," reputed to have knowledgeand powers
of a higher order than those of ordinary men. --Ma*hat"ma*ism (#), n.
MAHDI,Among Mohammedans, the last imam or leader of the faithful. TheSunni, the
largest sect of the Mohammedans, believe that he is yet toappear.
MAHDIISM,See Mahdism.
MAHDISM,Belief in the coming of the Mahdi; fanatical devotion to thecause of the
Mahdi or a pretender to that title. -- Mah"dist (#), n.
MAHL-STICK,See Maul-stick.
MAHOE,A name given to several malvaceous trees (species of Hibiscus,Ochroma, etc.),
and to their strong fibrous inner bark, which is usedfor strings and cordage.
MAHOGANY,A large tree of the genus Swietenia (S. Mahogoni), found intropical
America.
MAHOLI,A South African lemur (Galago maholi), having very large ears.[Written also
moholi.]
MAHOMETANISM,See Mohammedanism.
MAHOMETANIZE,To convert to the religion of Mohammed; to Mohammedanize.
MAHOMETISM,See Mohammedanism.
MAHOMETIST,A Mohammedan. [R.]
MAHOMETRY,Mohammedanism. [Obs.]
MAHON STOCK,An annual cruciferous plant with reddish purple or whiteflowers
(Malcolmia maritima). It is called in England Virginia stock,but the plant comes
from the Mediterranean.
MAHONE,A large Turkish ship. Crabb.
MAHONIA,The Oregon grape, a species of barberry (Berberis Aquifolium),often
cultivated for its hollylike foliage.
MAHOOHOO,The African white two-horned rhinoceros (Atelodus simus).
MAHORI,One of the dark race inhabiting principally the islands ofEastern Polynesia.
Also used adjectively.
MAHOUND,A contemptuous name for Mohammed; hence, an evil spirit; adevil.
[Obs.]Who's this, my mahound cousin Beau. & Fl.
MAHOUT,The keeper and driver of an elephant. [East Indies]
MAHOVO,A device for saving power in stopping and starting a railroadcar, by means
of a heavy fly wheel.
MAHRATI,The language of the Mahrattas; the language spoken in theDeccan and Concan.
[Written also Marathi.]
MAHRATTA,One of a numerous people inhabiting the southwestern part ofIndia. Also,
the language of the Mahrattas; Mahrati. It is closelyallied to Sanskrit.-- a.
MAHWA TREE,An East Indian sapotaceous tree (Bassia latifolia, and also
B.butyracea), whose timber is used for wagon wheels, and the flowersfor food and in
preparing an intoxicating drink. It is one of thebutter trees. The oil, known as
mahwa and yallah, is obtained fromthe kernels of the fruit.
MAIAN,Any spider crab of the genus Maia, or family Maiadæ.
MAID,The female of a ray or skate, esp. of the gray skate (Raiabatis), and of the
thornback (R. clavata). [Prov. Eng.] Fair maid.(Zoöl.) See under Fair, a.-- Maid of
honor, a female attendant of a queen or royal princess; -- usually of noble family,
and having to perform only nominal orhonorary duties.-- Old maid. See under Old.
MAIDAN,In various parts of Asia, an open space, as for militaryexercises, or for a
market place; an open grassy tract; an esplanade.
MAIDEN,To act coyly like a maiden; -- with it as an indefinite object.For had I
maiden'd it, as many use. Loath for to grant, but loatherto refuse. Bp. Hall.
MAIDENHAIR,A fern of the genus Adiantum (A. pedatum), having very slendergraceful
stalks. It is common in the United States, and is sometimesused in medicine. The
name is also applied to other species of thesame genus, as to the Venus-hair.
Maiden grass, the smaller quakinggrass.-- Maiden tree. See Ginkgo.
MAIDENLIKE,Like a maiden; modest; coy.
MAIDENLINESS,The quality of being maidenly; the behavior that becomes amaid;
modesty; gentleness.
MAIDENLY,Like a maid; suiting a maid; maiden-like; gentle, modest,reserved.Must you
be blushing . . . What a maidenly man-at-arms are you become! Shak.
MAIDENSHIP,Maidenhood. [Obs.] Fuller.
MAIDHOOD,Maidenhood. Shak.
MAIDPALE,Pale, like a sick girl. Shak.
MAIDSERVANT,A female servant.
MAIEUTICS,The art of giving birth (i. e., clearness and conviction) toideas, which
are conceived as struggling for birth. Payne.
MAIGER,The meagre.
MAIGRE,Belonging to a fast day or fast; as, a maigre day. Walpole.Maigre food (R.
C. Ch.), food allowed to be eaten on fast days.
MAIHEM,See Maim, and Mayhem.
MAIKEL,A South American carnivore of the genus Conepatus, allied tothe skunk, but
larger, and having a longer snout. The tail is notbushy.
MAIKONG,A South American wild dog (Canis cancrivorus); the crab-eatingdog.
MAIL,A spot. [Obs.]
MAIL-SHELL,A chiton.
MAILABLE,Admissible lawfully into the mail. [U.S.]
MAILCLAD,Protected by a coat of mail; clad in armor. Sir W. Scott.
MAILED,Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales orplates.
MAILING,A farm. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
MAIMEDLY,In a maimed manner.
MAIMEDNESS,State of being maimed. Bolton.
MAIN YARD,The yard on which the mainsail is extended, supported by themainmast.
MAIN,Very extremely; as, main heavy. "I'm main dry." Foote. [Obs. orLow]
MAIN-GAUCHE,The dagger held in the left hand, while the rapier is held inthe right;
-- used to parry thrusts of the adversary's rapier.
MAIN-HAMPER,A hamper to be carried in the hand; a hand basket used incarrying
grapes to the press.
MAINE,One of the New England States. Maine law, any law prohibitingthe manufacture
and sale of intoxicating beverages, esp. oneresembling that enacted in the State of
Maine.
MAINLAND,The continent; the principal land; -- opposed to island, orpeninsula.
Dryden.After the two wayfarers had crossed from the peninsula to themainland.
Hawthorne.
MAINLY,Very strongly; mightily; to a great degree. [Obs.] Bacon. Shak.
MAINMAST,The principal mast in a ship or other vessel.
MAINOR,A thing stolen found on the person of the thief.
MAINPERNABLE,Capable of being admitted to give surety by mainpernors; ableto be
mainprised.
MAINPERNOR,A surety, under the old writ of mainprise, for a prisoner'sappearance in
court at a day.
MAINPIN,A kingbolt.
MAINPRISE,To suffer to go at large, on his finding sureties, ormainpernors, for his
appearance at a day; -- said of a prisoner.
MAINS,The farm attached to a mansion house. [Scot.]
MAINSAIL,The principal sail in a ship or other vessel.[They] hoised up the mainsail
to the wind. Acts xxvii. 40.
MAINSHEET,One of the ropes by which the mainsail is hauled aft andtrimmed.
MAINSPRING,The principal or most important spring in a piece of
mechanism,especially the moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in
agunlock which impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerfulmotive; the
efficient cause of action.
MAINSTAY,The stay extending from the foot of the foremast to themaintop.
MAINSWEAR,To swear falsely. [Obs.] Blount.
MAINTAINABLE,That maybe maintained.
MAINTAINER,One who maintains.
MAINTAINOR,One who, not being interested, maintains a cause dependingbetween
others, by furnishing money, etc., to either party. Bouvier.Wharton.
MAINTENANCE,An officious or unlawful intermeddling in a cause dependingbetween
others, by assisting either party with money or means tocarry it on. See Champerty.
Wharton. Cap of maintenance. See underCap.
MAINTOP,The platform about the head of the mainmast in square-riggedvessels.
MAIOID,Of or pertaining to the genus Maia, or family Maiadeæ.
MAISTER,Master. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
MAISTRESS,Mistress. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MAITHES,Same as Maghet.
MAIZE,A large species of American grass of the genus Zea (Z. Mays),widely
cultivated as a forage and food plant; Indian corn. Also, itsseed, growing on cobs,
and used as food for men animals. Maize eater(Zoöl.), a South American bird of the
genus Pseudoleistes, allied tothe troupials.-- Maize yellow, a delicate pale
yellow.
MAJESTIC,Possessing or exhibiting majesty; of august dignity,stateliness, or
imposing grandeur; lofty; noble; grand. "The majesticworld." Shak. "Tethys'grave
majestic pace." Milton.The least portions must be of the epic kind; all must be
grave,majestic, and sublime. Dryden.
MAJESTICAL,Majestic. Cowley.An older architecture, greater, cunninger, more
majestical. M.Arnold.-- Ma*jes"tic*al*ly, adv.-- Ma*jes"tic*al*ness, n.
MAJESTICNESS,The quality or state of being majestic. Oldenburg.
MAJESTY,The dignity and authority of sovereign power; quality or statewhich
inspires awe or reverence; grandeur; exalted dignity, whetherproceeding from rank,
character, or bearing; imposing loftiness;stateliness; -- usually applied to the
rank and dignity ofsovereigns.The Lord reigneth; he is clothed with majesty. Ps.
xciii. 1.No sovereign has ever represented the majesty of great state withmore
dignity and grace. Macaulay.
MAJOLICA,A kind of pottery, with opaque glazing and showy, which reachedits
greatest perfection in Italy in the 16th century.
MAJOR GENERAL,. An officer of the army holding a rank next above that ofbrigadier
general and next below that of lieutenant general, and whousually commands a
division or a corps.
MAJOR,Greater by a semitone, either in interval or in difference ofpitch from
another tone. Major axis (Geom.), the greater axis. SeeFocus, n., 2.-- Major key
(Mus.), a key in which one and two, two and three, fourand five, five and six and
seven, make major seconds, and three andfour, and seven and eight, make minor
seconds.-- Major offense (Law), an offense of a greater degree whichcontains a
lesser offense, as murder and robbery include assault.-- Major premise (Logic),
that premise of a syllogism which containsthe major term.-- Major scale (Mus.), the
natural diatonic scale, which hassemitones between the third and fourth, and
seventh and fourth, andseventh and eighth degrees; the scale of the major mode, of
which thethird is major. See Scale, and Diatonic.-- Major second (Mus.), a second
between whose tones is a differencein pitch of a step.-- Major sixth (Mus.), a
sixth of four steps and a half step. Inmajor keys the third and sixth from the key
tone are major. Majorkeys and intervals, as distinguished from minors, are more
cheerful.-- Major term (Logic), that term of a syllogism which forms thepredicate
of the conclusion.-- Major third (Mus.), a third of two steps.
MAJOR-DOMO,A man who has authority to act, within certain limits, asmaster of the
house; a steward; also, a chief minister or officer.
MAJORAT,Property, landed or funded, so attached to a title of honor asto descend
with it.
MAJORATE,The office or rank of a major.
MAJORATION,Increase; enlargement. [Obs.] Bacon.
MAJORCAN,Of or pertaining to Majorca.-- n.
MAJORITY,Ancestors; ancestry. [Obs.]
MAJORSHIP,The office of major.
MAJOUN,See Madjoun.
MAJUSCULAE,Capital letters, as found in manuscripts of the sixth centuryand
earlier.
MAJUSCULE,A capital letter; especially, one used in ancient manuscripts.See
Majusculæ. Majuscule writing, writing composed wholly of capitalletters, especially
the style which prevailed in Europe from thethird to the sixth century.
MAKABLE,Capable of being made.
MAKARON,See Macaroon, 2. [Obs.]
MAKE AND BREAK,Any apparatus for making and breaking an electric circuit; acircuit
breaker.
MAKE,A companion; a mate; often, a husband or a wife. [Obs.]For in this world no
woman is Worthy to be my make. Chaucer.
MAKE-BELIEF,A feigning to believe; make believe. J. H. Newman.
MAKE-BELIEVE,A feigning to believe, as in the play of children; a merepretense; a
fiction; an invention. "Childlike make-believe." Tylor.To forswear self-delusion
and make-believe. M. Arnold.
MAKE-GAME,An object of ridicule; a butt. Godwin.
MAKE-PEACE,A peacemaker. [R.] Shak.
MAKE-UP,The way in which the parts of anything are put together; often,the way in
which an actor is dressed, painted, etc., in personating acharacter.The unthinking
masses are necessarily teleological in their mentalmake-up. L. F. Ward.
MAKEBATE,One who excites contentions and quarrels. [Obs.]
MAKED,Made. Chaucer.
MAKER,The person who makes a promissory note.
MAKESHIFT,That with which one makes shift; a temporary expedient. JamesMill.I am
not a model clergyman, only a decent makeshift. G. Eliot.
MAKEWEIGHT,That which is thrown into a scale to make weight; something oflittle
account added to supply a deficiency or fill a gap.
MAKI,A lemur. See Lemur.
MAKING-IRON,A tool somewhat like a chisel with a groove in it, used bycalkers of
ships to finish the seams after the oakum has been drivenin.
MAL-,. A prefix in composition denoting ill,or evil, F. male, adv.,fr. malus, bad,
ill. In some words it has the form male-, as inmalediction, malevolent. See Malice.
MALA,Evils; wrongs; offenses against right and law. Mala in se Etym:[L.] (Law),
offenses which are such from their own nature, at commonlaw, irrespective of
statute.-- Mala prohibita Etym: [L.] (Law), offenses prohibited by statute,as
distinguished from mala in se, which are offenses at common law.
MALABAR,A region in the western part of the Peninsula of India, betweenthe
mountains and the sea. Malabar nut (Bot.), the seed of an EastIndian acanthaceous
shrub, the Adhatoda Vasica, sometimes usedmedicinally.
MALACATUNE,See Melocoton.
MALACCA,A town and district upon the seacoast of the Malay Peninsula.Malacca cane
(Bot.), a cane obtained from a species of palm of thegenus Calamus (C. Scipionum),
and of a brown color, often mottled.The plant is a native of Cochin China, Sumatra,
and Malays.
MALACHITE,Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in greenmammillary
masses with concentric fibrous structure.
MALACISSANT,Softening; relaxing. [Obs.]
MALACISSATION,The act of making soft or supple. [Obs.] Bacon.
MALACOBDELLA,A genus of nemertean worms, parasitic in the gill cavity ofclams and
other bivalves. They have a large posterior sucker, likethat of a leech. See
Illust. of Bdellomorpha.
MALACODERM,One of a tribe of beetles (Malacodermata), with a soft andflexible body,
as the fireflies.
MALACOLITE,A variety of pyroxene.
MALACOLOGIST,One versed in the science of malacology.
MALACOLOGY,The science which relates to the structure and habits ofmollusks.
MALACOPODA,A class of air-breathing Arthropoda; -- called alsoProtracheata, and
Onychophora.
MALACOPTERYGIAN,One of the Malacopterygii.
MALACOPTERYGII,An order of fishes in which the fin rays, except the anteriorray of
the pectoral and dorsal fins, are closely jointed, and notspiny. It includes the
carp, pike, salmon, shad, etc. Called alsoMalacopteri.
MALACOPTERYGIOUS,Belonging to the Malacopterygii.
MALACOSTEON,A peculiar disease of the bones, in consequence of which theybecome
softened and capable of being bent without breaking.
MALACOSTOMOUS,Having soft jaws without teeth, as certain fishes.
MALACOSTRACA,A subclass of Crustacea, including Arthrostraca andThoracostraca, or
all those higher than the Entomostraca.
MALACOSTRACAN,One of the Malacostraca.
MALACOSTRACOLOGY,That branch of zoölogical science which relates to thecrustaceans;
-- called also carcinology.
MALACOSTRACOUS,Belonging to the Malacostraca.
MALACOTOON,See Melocoton.
MALACOZOA,An extensive group of Invertebrata, including the Mollusca,Brachiopoda,
and Bryozoa. Called also Malacozoaria.
MALACOZOIC,Of or pertaining to the Malacozoa.
MALADDRESS,Bad address; an awkward, tactless, or offensive way ofaccosting one or
talking with one. W. D. Howells.
MALADJUSTMENT,A bad adjustment.
MALADMINISTRATION,Bad administration; bad management of any business, especiallyof
public affairs. [Written also maleadministration.]
MALADROIT,Of a quality opposed to adroitness; clumsy; awkward;unskillful.--
Mal"a*droit`ly, adv.-- Mal`a*droit"ness, n.
MALAGA,A city and a province of Spain, on the Mediterranean. Hence,Malaga grapes,
Malaga raisins, Malaga wines.
MALAGASH,Same as Malagasy.
MALAGASY,A native or natives of Madagascar; also (sing.), the language.
MALAISE,An indefinite feeling of uneasiness, or of being sick or ill atease.
MALAMATE,A salt of malamic acid.
MALAMBO,A yellowish aromatic bark, used in medicine and perfumery, saidto be from
the South American shrub Croton Malambo.
MALAMETHANE,A white crystalline substance forming the ethyl salt of malamicacid.
MALAMIC,Of or pertaining an acid intermediate between malic acid andmalamide, and
known only by its salts.
MALAMIDE,The acid amide derived from malic acid, as a white crystallinesubstance
metameric with asparagine.
MALANDERS,A scurfy eruption in the bend of the knee of the fore leg of ahorse. See
Sallenders. [Written also mallenders.]
MALAPERT,Bold; forward; impudent; saucy; pert. Shak.-- n.
MALAPROPISM,A grotesque misuse of a word; a word so used.
MALAPROPOS,Unseasonable or unseasonably; unsuitable or unsuitably.
MALAPTERURUS,A genus of African siluroid fishes, including the electriccatfishes.
See Electric cat, under Electric.
MALAR,Of or pertaining to the region of the cheek bone, or to themalar bone; jugal.
MALARIA PARASITE,Any of several minute protozoans of the genus Plasmodium
(syn.Hæmatozoön) which in their adult condition live in the tissues ofmosquitoes of
the genus Anopheles (which see) and when transferred tothe blood of man, by the
bite of the mosquito, produce malaria. Theyoung parasites, or sporozoites, enter
the red blood corpuscles,growing at their expense, undergoing sporulation, and
finallydestroying the corpuscles, thus liberating in the blood plasma animmense
number of small spores called merozoites. An indefinite butnot ultimated number of
such generations may follow, but if meanwhilethe host is bitten by a mosquito, the
parasites develop into gametesin the stomach of the insect. These conjugate, the
zygote thusproduced divides, forming spores, and eventually sporozoites,
which,penetrating to the salivary glands of the mosquito, may be introducedinto a
new host. The attacks of the disease coincide with thedissolution of the corpuscles
and liberation of the spores andproducts of growth of the parasites into the blood
plasma. Severalspecies of the parasite are distinguished, as P. vivax,
producingtertian malaria; P. malariæ, quartan malaria; and P. (subgenusLaverania)
falciferum, the malarial fever of summer and autumn commonin the tropics.
MALARIA,A morbid condition produced by exhalations from decayingvegetable matter in
contact with moisture, giving rise to fever andague and many other symptoms
characterized by their tendency to recurat definite and usually uniform intervals.
MALASHAGANAY,The fresh-water drumfish (Haploidonotus grunniens).
MALATE,A salt of malic acid.
MALAXATION,The act of softening by mixing with a thinner substance; theformation of
ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters. [R.]
MALAXATOR,One who, or that which, malaxates; esp., a machine forgrinding, kneading,
or stirring into a pasty or doughy mass. [R.]
MALAY,One of a race of a brown or copper complexion in the MalayPeninsula and the
western islands of the Indian Archipelago.
MALAYALAM,The name given to one the cultivated Dravidian languages,closely related
to the Tamil. Yule.
MALBROUCK,A West African arboreal monkey (Cercopithecus cynosurus).
MALCONFORMATION,Imperfect, disproportionate, or abnormal formation; ill
form;disproportion of parts.
MALCONTENT,discontented; uneasy; dissatisfied; especially, dissatisfiedwith the
government. [Written also malecontent.]The famous malcontent earl of Leicester.
Milner.
MALCONTENTED,Malcontent.-- Mal`con*tent"ed*ly, adv.-- Mal`con*tent"ed*ness, n.
MALDANIAN,Any species of marine annelids of the genus Maldane, or familyMaldanidæ.
They have a slender, round body, and make tubes in thesand or mud.
MALE,Evil; wicked; bad. [Obs.] Marston.
MALE-,. See Mal-.
MALE-ODOR,See Malodor.
MALE-SPIRITED,Having the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous. [R.] B.Jonson.
MALEADMINISTRATION,Maladministration.
MALEATE,A salt of maleic acid.
MALEBRANCHISM,The philosophical system of Malebranche, an eminent
Frenchmetaphysician. The fundamental doctrine of his system is that themind can not
have knowledge of anything external to itself except inits relation to God.
MALECONFORMATION,Malconformation.
MALECONTENT,Malcontent.
MALEDICENCY,Evil speaking. [Obs.] Atterbury.
MALEDICENT,Speaking reproachfully; slanderous. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
MALEDICT,Accursed; abominable. [R.]
MALEDICTION,A proclaiming of evil against some one; a cursing; imprecation;a curse
or execration; -- opposed to benediction.No malediction falls from his tongue.
Longfellow.
MALEFACTION,A crime; an offense; an evil deed. [R.] Shak.
MALEFACTRESS,A female malefactor. Hawthorne.
MALEFEASANCE,See Malfeasance.
MALEFIC,Doing mischief; causing harm or evil; nefarious; hurtful. [R.]Chaucer.
MALEFICE,An evil deed; artifice; enchantment. [Obs.]
MALEFICENCE,Evil doing, esp. to others.
MALEFICENT,Doing evil to others; harmful; mischievous.
MALEFICIAL,Injurious. Fuller.
MALEFICIATE,To bewitch; to harm. [Obs.] Burton.
MALEFICIATION,A bewitching. [Obs.]
MALEFICIENCE,The doing of evil, harm, or mischief.
MALEFICIENT,Doing evil, harm, or mischief.
MALEFORMATION,See Malformation.
MALEIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the ethylene series,metameric with
fumaric acid and obtained by heating malic acid.
MALENGINE,Evil machination; guile; deceit. [Obs.] Gower.
MALEO,A bird of Celebes (megacephalon maleo), allied to the brushturkey. It makes
mounds in which to lay its eggs.
MALEPRACTICE,See Malpractice.
MALET,A little bag or budget. [Obs.] Shelton.
MALETREAT,See Maltreat.
MALEVOLENCE,The quality or state of being malevolent; evil dispositiontoward
another; inclination to injure others; ill will. See Synonymof Malice.
MALEVOLENT,Wishing evil; disposed to injure others; rejoicing in
another'smisfortune.
MALEVOLENTLY,In a malevolent manner.
MALEVOLOUS,Malevolent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
MALEXECUTION,Bad execution. D. Webster.
MALEYL,A hypothetical radical derived from maleic acid.
MALFEASANCE,The doing of an act which a person ought not to do; evilconduct; an
illegal deed. [Written also malefeasance.]
MALFORMATION,Ill formation; irregular or anomalous formation; abnormal orwrong
conformation or structure.
MALGRACIOUS,Not graceful; displeasing. [Obs.] Gower.
MALGRE,See Mauger.
MALIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid. Malicacid, a hydroxy
acid obtained as a substance which is sirupy orcrystallized with difficulty, and
has a strong but pleasant sourtaste. It occurs in many fruits, as in green apples,
currants, etc.It is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the temperature
andconcentration. An artificial variety is a derivative of succinicacid, but has no
action on polarized light, and thus malic acid is aremarkable case of physical
isomerism.
MALICE,Any wicked or mischievous intention of the mind; a depravedinclination to
mischief; an intention to vex, annoy, or injureanother person, or to do a wrongful
act without just cause or causeor excuse; a wanton disregard of the rights or
safety of others;willfulness. Malice aforethought or prepense, malice previously
anddeliberately entertained.
MALICHO,Mischief. [Obs.] Shak.
MALICIOUS,With wicked or mischievous intentions or motives; wrongful anddone
intentionally without just cause or excuse; as, a malicious act.Malicious
abandonment, the desertion of a wife or husband withoutjust cause. Burrill.--
Malicious mischief (Law), malicious injury to the property ofanother; -- an offense
at common law. Wharton.-- Malicious prosecution or arrest (Law), a wanton
prosecution orarrest, by regular process in a civil or criminal proceeding,
withoutprobable cause. Bouvier.
MALIGN,To treat with malice; to show hatred toward; to abuse; towrong; to injure.
[Obs.]The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they will againstprivate
men, whom they malign by stealing their goods, or murderingthem. Spenser.
MALIGNANT,Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent;as,
malignant diphtheria. Malignant pustule (Med.), a very contagiousdisease,
transmitted to man from animals, characterized by theformation, at the point of
reception of the virus, of a vesicle orpustule which first enlarges and then breaks
down into an unhealthyulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually fatal.
Calledalso charbon, and sometimes, improperly, anthrax.
MALIGNANTLY,In a malignant manner.
MALIGNER,One who maligns.
MALIGNIFY,To make malign or malignant. [R.] "A strong faith malignified."Southey.
MALIGNLY,In a malign manner; with malignity.
MALINGER,To act the part of a malingerer; to feign illness or inability.
MALINGERER,In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who inducesor
protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, ingeneral, one who
shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.
MALINGERY,The spirit or practices of a malingerer; malingering.
MALISON,Malediction; curse; execration. [Poetic]God's malison on his head who this
gainsays. Sir W. Scott.
MALKIN,A mop or sponge attached to a jointed staff for swabbing out acannon.
MALL,To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise;to maul.
MALLARD,A drake; the male of Anas boschas.
MALLEABILITY,The quality or state of being malleable; -- opposed tofriability and
brittleness. Locke.
MALLEABLE,Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer,or by the
pressure of rollers; -- applied to metals. Malleable iron,iron that is capable of
extension or of being shaped under thehammer; decarbonized cast iron. See under
Iron.-- Malleable iron castings, articles cast from pig iron and mademalleable by
heating then for several days in the presence of somesubstance, as hematite, which
deprives the cast iron of some of itscarbon.
MALLEABLEIZE,To make malleable.
MALLEABLENESS,Quality of being malleable.
MALLEAL,Pertaining to the malleus.
MALLEATE,To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.
MALLEATION,The act or process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, asa metal;
extension by beating.
MALLECHO,Same as Malicho.
MALLEE BIRD,The leipoa. See Leipoa.
MALLENDERS,Same as Malanders.
MALLEOLAR,Of or pertaining to the malleolus; in the region of themalleoli of the
ankle joint.
MALLEOLUS,A projection at the distal end of each bone of the leg at theankle joint.
The malleolus of the tibia is the internal projection,that of the fibula the
external.
MALLET,A small maul with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving atool, as a
chisel or the like; also, a light beetle with a longhandle, -- used in playing
croquet.
MALLEUS,The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; thehammer. It is
attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process,the handle or manubrium. See
Illust. of Far.
MALLOPHAGA,An extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds andmammals,
and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also bird lice.See Bird louse, under
Bird.
MALLOTUS,A genus of small Arctic fishes. One American species, thecapelin (Mallotus
villosus), is extensively used as bait for cod.
MALLOWWORT,Any plant of the order Malvaceæ.
MALMA,A spotted trout (Salvelinus malma), inhabiting NorthernAmerica, west of the
Rocky Mountains; -- called also Dolly Vardentrout, bull trout, red-spotted trout,
and golet.
MALMAG,The tarsius, or spectral lemur.
MALMSEY,A kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc. Shak.
MALNUTRITION,Faulty or imperfect nutrition.
MALOBSERVATION,Erroneous observation. J. S Mill.
MALODOR,An Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling.-- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n.
Carlyle.
MALODOROUS,Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. --Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n.
Carlyle.[1913 Webster]
MALONATE,At salt of malonic acid.
MALONIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically asa white
crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2, and so called becauseobtained by the oxidation
of malic acid.
MALONYL,A hydrocarbon radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid.
MALPAIS,The rough surface of a congealed lava stream. [Southwestern U.S.]
MALPIGHIA,A genus of tropical American shrubs with opposite leaves andsmall white
or reddish flowers. The drupes of Malpighia urens areeaten under the name of
Barbadoes cherries.
MALPIGHIACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of tropicaltrees
and shrubs (Malpighiaceæ), some of them climbing plants, andtheir stems forming
many of the curious lianes of South Americanforests.
MALPIGHIAN,Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, anItalian
anatomist of the 17th century. Malhighian capsules orcorpuscles, the globular
dilatations, containing the glomeruli orMalpighian tufts, at the extremities of the
urinary tubules of thekidney. Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, masses of
adenoid tissueconnected with branches of the splenic artery.
MALPOSITION,A wrong position.
MALPRACTICE,Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary
toestablished rules; specifically, the treatment of a case by a surgeonor physician
in a manner which is contrary to accepted rules andproductive of unfavorable
results. [Written also malepractice.]
MALT,Barley or other grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln,thus forcing
germination until the saccharine principle has beenevolved. It is used in brewing
and in the distillation of whisky.
MALTALENT,Ill will; malice. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.
MALTESE,Of or pertaining to Malta or to its inhabitants.-- n. sing. & pl.
MALTHUSIAN,Of or pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R.Malthus, or
conforming to his views; as, Malthusian theories.
MALTHUSIANISM,The system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.
MALTING,The process of making, or of becoming malt.
MALTMAN,A man whose occupation is to make malt.
MALTONIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif.,designating an acid
called also gluconic or dextronic acid. SeeGluconic.
MALTOSE,A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action ofdistance of malt,
and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreaticjuice. It resembles dextrose,
but rotates the plane of polarizedlight further to the right and possesses a lower
cupric oxidereducing power.
MALTREAT,To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly.
MALTREATMENT,Ill treatment; ill usage; abuse.
MALTSTER,A maltman. Swift.
MALTWORM,A tippler. [R.] Shak.
MALTY,Consisting, or like, malt. Dickens.
MALUM,An evil. See Mala.
MALVACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants(Malvaceæ), of
which the mallow is the type. The cotton plant,hollyhock, and abutilon are of this
order, and the baobab and thesilk-cotton trees are now referred to it.
MALVERSATION,Evil conduct; fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption,
orextortion in office.
MALVESIE,Malmsey wine. See Malmsey. " A jub of malvesye." Chaucer.
MAM,Mamma.
MAMA,See Mamma.
MAMALUKE,Same as Mameluke.
MAMELON,A rounded hillock; a rounded elevation or protuberance.Westmin. Rev.
MAMELUCO,A child born of a white father and Indian mother. [S. Amer.]
MAMELUKE,One of a body of mounted soldiers recruited from slavesconverted to
Mohammedanism, who, during several centuries, had moreor less control of the
government of Egypt, until exterminated ordispersed by Mehemet Ali in 1811.
MAMILLATED,See Mammillated.
MAMMA,Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity. [Written alsomama.]Tell tales
papa and mamma. Swift.
MAMMAL,One of the Mammalia. Age of mammals. See under Age, n., 8.
MAMMALIA,The highest class of Vertebrata. The young are nourished for atime by
milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glandsof the mother.
MAMMALIAN,Of or pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.
MAMMALIFEROUS,Containing mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.
MAMMALOGICAL,Of or pertaining to mammalogy.
MAMMALOGIST,One versed in mammalogy.
MAMMALOGY,The science which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. SeeMammalia.
MAMMARY,Of or pertaining to the mammæ or breasts; as, the mammaryarteries and
veins.
MAMMEE,A fruit tree of tropical America, belonging to the genus Mammea(M.
Americana); also, its fruit. The latter is large, covered with athick, tough ring,
and contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasanttaste and fragrant scent. It is
often called mammee apple.
MAMMER,To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully. [Obs.]
MAMMET,An idol; a puppet; a doll. [Obs.] Selden. Shak.
MAMMETRY,See Mawmetry. [Obs.]
MAMMIFER,A mammal. See Mammalia.
MAMMIFEROUS,Having breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, theMammalia.
MAMMIFORM,Having the form of a mamma (breast) or mammæ.
MAMMILLA,The nipple.
MAMMILLARY,Composed of convex convex concretions, somewhat resembling thebreasts in
form; studded with small mammiform protuberances.
MAMMILLIFORM,Having the form of a mammilla.
MAMMILLOID,Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.
MAMMOCK,A shapeless piece; a fragment. [Obs.]
MAMMODIS,Coarse plain India muslins.
MAMMOLOGY,Mastology. See Mammalogy.
MAMMON,Riches; wealth; the god of riches; riches, personified.Ye can not serve God
and Mammon. Matt. vi. 24.
MAMMONISH,Actuated or prompted by a devotion to money getting or theservice of
Mammon. Carlyle.
MAMMONISM,Devotion to the pursuit of wealth; worldliness. Carlyle.
MAMMONIST,A mammonite.
MAMMONITE,One devoted to the acquisition of wealth or the service ofMammon. C.
Kingsley.
MAMMONIZATION,The process of making mammonish; the state of being under
theinfluence of mammonism.
MAMMONIZE,To make mammonish.
MAMMOSE,Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.
MAMMOTH,An extinct, hairy, maned elephant (Elephas primigenius), ofenormous size,
remains of which are found in the northern parts ofboth continents. The last of the
race, in Europe, were coeval withprehistoric man.
MAMMOTHREPT,A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [R.]O, you are
a more mammothrept in judgment. B. Jonson.
MAMMY,A child's name for mamma, mother.
MAMZER,A person born of relations between whom marriage was forbiddenby the Mosaic
law; a bastard. Deut. xxiii. 2 (Douay version).
MAN-EATER,One who, or that which, has an appetite for human flesh;specifically, one
of certain large sharks (esp. CarcharodonRondeleti); also, a lion or a tiger which
has acquired the habit offeeding upon human flesh.
MAN-OF-WAR,A government vessel employed for the purposes of war, esp. oneof large
size; a ship of war. Man-of-war bird (Zoöl.), The frigatebird; also applied to the
skua gulls, and to the wandering albatross.-- Man-of-war hawk (Zoöl.), the frigate
bird.-- Man-of-war's man, a sailor serving in a ship of war.-- Portuguese man-of-
war (Zoöl.), any species of the genus Physalia.See Physalia.
MANABLE,Marriageable.[Obs.]
MANACE,Same as Menace. [Obs.]
MANACLE,A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in
theplural.Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and like manacles onthe
right hand. Ecclus. xxi. 19.
MANAGE,The handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse;management;
administration. See Manege. [Obs.]Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions,
embrace more thanthey can hold. Bacon.Down, down I come; like glistering
PhaëthonWanting the manage of unruly jades. Shak.The unlucky manage of this fatal
brawl. Shak.
MANAGEABILITY,The state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.
MANAGEABLE,Such as can be managed or used; suffering control; governable;tractable;
subservient; as, a manageable horse.
MANAGELESS,Unmanageable.[R.]
MANAGERIAL,Of or pertaining to management or a manager; as, managerialqualities.
"Managerial responsibility." C. Bronté.
MANAGERSHIP,The office or position of a manager.
MANAKIN,Any one of numerous small birds belonging to Pipra, Manacus,and other
genera of the family Pipridæ. They are mostly natives ofCentral and South America.
some are bright-colored, and others havethe wings and tail curiously ornamented.
The name is sometimesapplied to related birds of other families.
MANATEE,Any species of Trichechus, a genus of sirenians; -- calledalsosea cow.
[Written also manaty, manati.]
MANATION,The act of issuing or flowing out. [Obs.]
MANBIRD,An aviator. [Colloq.]
MANBOTE,A sum paid to a lord as a pecuniary compensation for killinghis man (that
is, his vassal, servant, or tenant). Spelman.
MANCA,See Mancus.
MANCHE,A sleeve. [Obs.]
MANCHET,Fine white bread; a loaf of fine bread. [Archaic] Bacon.Tennyson.
MANCHINEEL,A euphorbiaceous tree (Hippomane Mancinella) of tropicalAmerica, having
a poisonous and blistering milky juice, and poisonousacrid fruit somewhat
resembling an apple. Bastard manchineel, a tree(Cameraria latifolia) of the East
Indies, having similar poisonousproperties. Lindley.
MANCHU,Of or pertaining to Manchuria or its inhabitants.-- n.
MANCIPATE,To enslave; to bind; to restrict. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
MANCIPATION,Slavery; involuntary servitude. [Obs.] Johnson.
MANCIPLE,A steward; a purveyor, particularly of a college or Inn ofCourt. Chaucer.
MANCONA BARK,. See Sassy bark.
MANCUS,An old Anglo Saxon coin both of gold and silver, and ofvariously estimated
values. The silver mancus was equal to about oneshilling of modern English money.
MAND,A demand. [Obs.] See Demand.
MANDAMUS,A writ issued by a superior court and directed to some inferiortribunal,
or to some corporation or person exercising authority,commanding the performance of
some specified duty.
MANDARIN,A small orange, with easily separable rind. It is thought to beof Chinese
origin, and is counted a distinct species (Citrusnobilis)mandarin orange;
tangerine. Mandarin duck (Zoöl.), abeautiful Asiatic duck (Dendronessa
galericulata), oftendomesticated, and regarded by the Chinese as an emblem of
conjugalaffection.-- Mandarin language, the spoken or colloquial language of
educatedpeople in China.-- Mandarin yellow (Chem.), an artificial aniline dyestuff
used forcoloring silk and wool, and regarded as a complex derivative ofquinoline.
MANDARINATE,The collective body of officials or persons of rank in China.S. W.
Williams.
MANDARINIC,Appropriate or peculiar to a mandarin.
MANDARINING,The process of giving an orange color to goods formed of animaltissue,
as silk or wool, not by coloring matter, but by producing acertain change in the
fiber by the action of dilute nitric acid.Tomlinson.
MANDARINISM,A government mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins.F. Lieder.
MANDATARY,One who undertakes to discharge a specific business commission;a
mandatory. Wharton.
MANDATE,A rescript of the pope, commanding an ordinary collator to putthe person
therein named in possession of the first vacant beneficein his collation.
MANDATOR,The person who employs another to perform a mandate. Bouvier.
MANDATORY,Containing a command; preceptive; directory.
MANDELATE,A salt of mandelic acid.
MANDELIC,Pertaining to an acid first obtained from benzoic aldehyde (oilof better
almonds), as a white crystalline substance; -- called alsophenyl glycolic acid.
MANDER,See Maunder.
MANDERIL,A mandrel.
MANDIBLE,The bone, or principal bone, of the lower jaw; the inferiormaxilla; --
also applied to either the upper or the lower jaw in thebeak of birds.
MANDIBULAR,Of or pertaining to a mandible; like a mandible.-- n.
MANDIBULATE,An insect having mandibles.
MANDIBULIFORM,Having the form of a mandible; -- said especially of themaxillæ of an
insect when hard and adapted for biting.
MANDIBULOHYOID,Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid arch, orsituated
between them.
MANDIL,A loose outer garment worn the 16th and 17th centuries.
MANDILION,See Mandil. Chapman.
MANDINGOS,; sing. Mandingo. (Ethnol.) An extensive and powerful tribe ofWest
African negroes.
MANDLESTONE,Amygdaloid.
MANDMENT,Commandment. [Obs.]
MANDOLA,An instrument closely resembling the mandolin, but of largersize and tuned
lower.
MANDORE,A kind of four-stringed lute.
MANDRAGORA,A genus of plants; the mandrake. See Mandrake, 1.
MANDRAGORITE,One who habitually intoxicates himself with a narcotic obtainedfrom
mandrake.
MANDRAKE,A low plant (Mandragora officinarum) of the Nightshade family,having a
fleshy root, often forked, and supposed to resemble a man.It was therefore supposed
to have animal life, and to cry out whenpulled up. All parts of the plant are
strongly narcotic. It is foundin the Mediterranean region.And shrieks like
mandrakes, torn out of the earth, That livingmortals, hearing them, run mad. Shak.
MANDRILL,a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus, or Papio, mormon).The adult
male has, on the sides of the nose, large, naked, groovedswellings, conspicuously
striped with blue and red.
MANDUCABLE,Such as can be chewed; fit to be eaten. [R.]Any manducable creature. Sir
T. Herbert.
MANDUCATE,To masticate; to chew; to eat. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
MANDUCATION,The act of chewing. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
MANDUCATORY,Pertaining to, or employed in, chewing.
MANDUCUS,A grotesque mask, representing a person chewing or grimacing,worn in
processions and by comic actors on the stage.
MANE,The long and heavy hair growing on the upper side of, or about,the neck of
some quadrupedal animals, as the horse, the lion, etc.See Illust. of Horse.
MANED,Having a mane. Maned seal (Zoöl.), the sea lion.-- Maned sheep (Zoöl.), the
aoudad.
MANEH,A Hebrew weight for gold or silver, being one hundred shekelsof gold and
sixty shekels of silver. Ezek. xlv. 12.
MANELESS,Having no mane. Maneless lion (Zoöl.), a variety of the lionhaving a
short, inconspicuous mane. It inhabits Arabia and adjacentcountries.
MANEQUIN,An artist's model of wood or other material.
MANERIAL,See Manorial.
MANES,The benevolent spirits of the dead, especially of deadancestors, regarded as
family deities and protectors.Hail, O ye holy manes! Dryden.
MANESHEET,A covering placed over the upper part of a horse's head.
MANFUL,Showing manliness, or manly spirit; hence, brave, courageous,resolute,
noble. " Manful hardiness." Chaucer.-- Man"ful*ly, adv.-- Man"ful*ness, n.
MANGABEY,Any one of several African monkeys of the genus Cercocebus, asthe sooty
mangabey (C. fuliginosus), which is sooty black. [Alsowritten mangaby.]
MANGAN,See Mangonel.
MANGANATE,A salt of manganic acid.
MANGANESATE,A manganate. [Obs.]
MANGANESE STEEL,Cast steel containing a considerable percentage of manganese,which
makes it very hard and tough. See Alloy steel, above.
MANGANESE,An element obtained by reduction of its oxide, as a hard,grayish white
metal, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized.Its ores occur abundantly in
nature as the minerals pyrolusite,manganite, etc. Symbol Mn. Atomic weight 54.8.
MANGANESIAN,Manganic. [R.]
MANGANESIC,Manganic. [Obs.]
MANGANESIOUS,Manganous.
MANGANESIUM,Manganese.
MANGANESOUS,Manganous.
MANGANIC,Of, pertaining to resembling, or containing, manganese;specif.,
designating compounds in which manganese has a highervalence as contrasted with
manganous compounds. Cf. Manganous.Manganic acid, an acid, H2MnO4, formed from
manganese, analogous tosulphuric acid.
MANGANIFEROUS,Containing manganese.
MANGANITE,One of the oxides of manganese; -- called also gray manganeseore. It
occurs in brilliant steel-gray or iron-black crystals, alsomassive.
MANGANIUM,Manganese.
MANGANOUS,Of, pertaining to, designating, those compounds of manganese inwhich the
element has a lower valence as contrasted with manganiccompounds; as, manganous
oxide. Manganous acid, a hypotheticalcompound analogous to sulphurous acid, and
forming the so-calledmanganites.
MANGCORN,A mixture of wheat and rye, or other species of grain. [ProvEng.]
MANGE,The scab or itch in cattle, dogs, and other beasts. Mangeinsect (Zoöl.), any
one of several species of small parasitic mites,which burrow in the skin of cattle.
horses, dogs, and other animals,causing the mange. The mange insect of the horse
(Psoroptes, orDermatodectes, equi), and that of cattle (Symbiotes, orDermatophagys,
bovis) are the most important species. See Acarina.
MANGEL-WURZEL,A kind of large field beet (B. macrorhiza), used as food forcattle,
-- by some considered a mere variety of the ordinary beet.See Beet. [Written also
mangold-wurzel.]
MANGER,The fore part of the deck, having a bulkhead athwart ships highenough to
prevent water which enters the hawse holes from runningover it.
MANGILY,In a mangy manner; scabbily.
MANGINESS,The condition or quality of being mangy.
MANGLE,A machine for smoothing linen or cotton cloth, as sheets,tablecloths,
napkins, and clothing, by roller pressure. Mangle rack(Mach.), a contrivance for
converting continuous circular motion intoreciprocating rectilinear motion, by
means of a rack and pinion, asin the mangle. The pinion is held to the rack by a
groove in such amanner that it passes alternately from one side of the rack to
theother, and thus gives motion to it in opposite directions, accordingto the side
in which its teeth are engaged.-- Mangle wheel, a wheel in which the teeth, or
pins, on its face,are interrupted on one side, and the pinion, working in them,
passesfrom inside to outside of the teeth alternately, thus converting
thecontinuous circular motion of the pinion into a reciprocatingcircular motion of
the wheel.
MANGLER,One who mangles or tears in cutting; one who mutilates any workin doing it.
MANGOLDWURZEL,See Mangel-wurzel.
MANGONEL,A military engine formerly used for throwing stones andjavelins.
MANGONISM,The art of mangonizing, or setting off to advantage. [Obs.]
MANGONIZE,To furbish up for sale; to set off to advantage. [Obs. or R.]B. Jonson.
MANGROVE,The name of one or two trees of the genus Rhizophora (R.Mangle, and R.
mucronata, the last doubtfully distinct) inhabitingmuddy shores of tropical
regions, where they spread by emittingaërial roots, which fasten in the saline mire
and eventually becomenew stems. The seeds also send down a strong root while yet
attachedto the parent plant.
MANGUE,The kusimanse.
MANGY,Infected with the mange; scabby.
MANHADEN,See Menhaden.
MANHEAD,Manhood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MANHES PROCESS,A process by which copper matte is treated by passing throughit a
blast of air, to oxidize and remove sulphur. It is analogous inapparatus to the
Bessemer process for decarbonizing cast iron. Socalled from Pierre Manhès, a French
metallurgist, who invented it.
MANHOLE,A hole through which a man may descend or creep into a drain,sewer, steam
boiler, parts of machinery, etc., for cleaning orrepairing.
MANIABLE,Manageable. [Obs.] Bacon.
MANIAC,Raving with madness; raging with disordered intellect; affectedwith mania;
mad.
MANIACAL,Affected with, or characterized by, madness; maniac.-- Ma*ni"a*cal*ly,
adv.
MANIC,Of or pert. to, or characterized by, mania, or excitement.
MANICATE,Covered with hairs or pubescence so platted together andinterwoven as to
form a mass easily removed.
MANICHEIST,Manichæan.
MANICURE,A person who makes a business of taking care of people's hands,especially
their nails.[Men] who had taken good care of their hands by wearing gloves
andavailing themselves of the services of a manicure. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
MANID,Any species of the genus Manis, or family Manidæ.
MANIE,Mania; insanity. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MANIFESTABLE,Such as can be manifested.
MANIFESTATION,The act of manifesting or disclosing, or the state of
beingmanifested; discovery to the eye or to the understanding; also, thatwhich
manifests; exhibition; display; revelation; as, themanifestation of God's power in
creation.The secret manner in which acts of mercy ought to be performed,requires
this public manifestation of them at the great day.Atterbury.
MANIFESTIBLE,Manifestable.
MANIFESTLY,In a manifest manner.
MANIFESTNESS,The quality or state of being manifest; obviousness.
MANIFESTO,A public declaration, usually of a prince, sovereign, or otherperson
claiming large powers, showing his intentions, or proclaiminghis opinions and
motives in reference to some act done orcontemplated by him; as, a manifesto
declaring the purpose of aprince to begin war, and explaining his motives.
Bouvier.it was proposed to draw up a manifesto, setting forth the grounds
andmotives of our taking arms. Addison.Frederick, in a public manifesto, appealed
to the Empire against theinsolent pretensions of the pope. Milman.
MANIFOLD,A cylindrical pipe fitting, having a number of lateral outlets,for
connecting one pipe with several others.
MANIFOLDED,Having many folds, layers, or plates; as, a manifolded shield.[Obs.]
MANIFOLDLY,In a manifold manner.
MANIFOLDNESS,A generalized concept of magnitude.
MANIFORM,Shaped like the hand.
MANIGLION,Either one of two handles on the back of a piece of ordnance.
MANIKIN,Of or pertaining to Manila or Manilla, the capital of thePhilippine
Islands; made in, or exported from, that city. Manilacheroot or cigar, a cheroot or
cigar made of tobacco grown in thePhilippine Islands.-- Manila hemp, a fibrous
material obtained from the Musa textilis,a plant allied to the banana, growing in
the Philippine and otherEast India islands; -- called also by the native name
abaca. From itmatting, canvas, ropes, and cables are made.-- Manila paper, a
durable brown or buff paper made of Manila hemp,used as a wrapping paper, and as a
cheap printing and writing paper.The name is also given to inferior papers, made of
other fiber.
MANILIO,See Manilla, 1. Sir T. Herbert.
MANILLA,Same as Manila.
MANILLE,See 1st Manilla, 1.
MANIOC,The tropical plants (Manihot utilissima, and M. Aipi), fromwhich cassava and
tapioca are prepared; also, cassava.[Written alsomandioc, manihoc, manihot.]
MANIPULATE,To use the hands in dexterous operations; to do hand work;specifically,
to manage the apparatus or instruments used inscientific work, or in artistic or
mechanical processes; also,specifically, to use the hand in mesmeric operations.
MANIPULATIVE,Of or pertaining to manipulation; performed by manipulation.
MANIPULATOR,One who manipulates
MANIPULATORY,Of or pertaining to manipulation.
MANIS,A genus of edentates, covered with large, hard, triangularscales, with sharp
edges that overlap each other like tiles on aroof. They inhabit the warmest parts
of Asia and Africa, and feed onants. Called also Scaly anteater. See Pangolin.
MANITRUNK,The anterior segment of the thorax in insects. See Insect.
MANKIND,Manlike; not womanly; masculine; bold; cruel. [Obs]Are women grown so
mankind Must they be wooing Beau. & Fl.Be not too mankind against your wife.
Chapman.
MANKS,Of or pertaining to the language or people of the of Man.-- n.
MANLESSLY,Inhumanly. [Obs.]
MANLIKE,Like man, or like a man, in form or nature; having thequalities of a man,
esp. the nobler qualities; manly. " Gentle,manlike speech." Testament of Love. " A
right manlike man." Sir P.Sidney.In glaring Chloe's manlike taste and mien.
Shenstone.
MANLINESS,The quality or state of being manly.
MANLING,A little man. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
MANLY,Having qualities becoming to a man; not childish or womanish;manlike, esp.
brave, courageous, resolute, noble.Let's briefly put on manly readiness.
Shak.Serene and manly, hardened to sustain The load of life. Dryden.
MANNA,The food supplied to the Israelites in their journey throughthe wilderness of
Arabia; hence, divinely supplied food. Ex. xvi. 15.
MANNER,Carriage; behavior; deportment; also, becoming behavior; well-bred carriage
and address.Good manners are made up of petty sacrifices. Emerson.
MANNERCHOR,A German men's chorus or singing club.
MANNERISM,Adherence to a peculiar style or manner; a characteristic modeof action,
bearing, or treatment, carried to excess, especially inliterature or art.Mannerism
is pardonable,and is sometimes even agreeable, when themanner, though vicious, is
natural . . . . But a mannerism which doesnot sit easy on the mannerist, which has
been adopted on principle,and which can be sustained only by constant effort, is
alwaysoffensive. Macaulay.
MANNERIST,One addicted to mannerism; a person who, in action, bearing, ortreatment,
carries characteristic peculiarities to excess. Seecitation under Mannerism.
MANNERLINESS,The quality or state of being mannerly; civility; complaisance.Sir M.
Hale.
MANNERLY,Showing good manners; civil; respectful; complaisant.What thou thinkest
meet, and is most mannerly. Shak.
MANNHEIM GOLD,A kind of brass made in imitation of gold. It contains eightyper cent
of copper and twenty of zinc. Ure.
MANNIDE,A white amorphous or crystalline substance, obtained bydehydration of
mannite, and distinct from, but convertible into,mannitan.
MANNITAN,A white amorphous or crystalline substance obtained by thepartial
dehydration of mannite.
MANNITATE,A salt of mannitic acid.
MANNITE,A white crystalline substance of a sweet taste obtained from aso-called
manna, the dried sap of the flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus);-- called also mannitol,
and hydroxy hexane. Cf. Dulcite.HO.CH2.(CHOH)4.CH2.OH = D-mannitol; manna sugar;
cordycepic acid;Diosmol; Mannicol; Mannidex; Osmiktrol; Osmosal.-- used in pharmacy
as excipient and diluent for solids and liquids.Used as a food additive for anti-
caking properties, or as asweetener. Also used to "cut" (dilute) illegal drugs such
as cocaineor heroin. ("excipient" use)
MANNITIC,Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from, mannite.Mannitic acid
(Chem.), a white amorphous substance, intermediatebetween saccharic acid and
mannite, and obtained by the partialoxidation of the latter.
MANNITOL,The technical name of mannite. See Mannite.
MANNITOSE,A variety of sugar obtained by the partial oxidation ofmannite, and
closely resembling levulose.
MANO,The muller, or crushing and grinding stone, used in grindingcorn on a metate.
[Mexico & Local U. S.]
MANOEUVRE,See Maneuver.
MANOGRAPH,An optical device for making an indicator diagram for high-speed engines.
It consists of a light-tight box or camera having atone end a small convex mirror
which reflects a beam of light on tothe ground glass or photographic plate at the
other end. The mirroris pivoted so that it can be moved in one direction by a
smallplunger operated by an elastic metal diaphragm which closes a tubeconnected
with the engine cylinder. It is also moved at right anglesto this direction by a
reducing motion, called a reproducer, so as tocopy accurately on a smaller scale
the motion of the engine piston.The resultant of these two movements imparts to the
reflected beam oflight a motion similar to that of the pencil of the
ordinaryindicator, and this can be traced on the sheet of ground glass,
orphotographed.
MANOMETER,An instrument for measuring the tension or elastic force ofgases, steam,
etc., constructed usually on the principle of allowingthe gas to exert its elastic
force in raising a column of mercury inan open tube, or in compressing a portion of
air or other gas in aclosed tube with mercury or other liquid intervening, or in
bending ametallic or other spring so as to set in motion an index; a pressuregauge.
See Pressure, and Illust. of Air pump.
MANOR,The land belonging to a lord or nobleman, or so much land as alord or great
personage kept in his own hands, for the use andsubsistence of his family.My
manors, rents, revenues, l forego. Shak.
MANORIAL,Of or pertaining to a manor. " Manorial claims." Paley.
MANOSCOPE,Same as Manometer.
MANOSCOPY,The science of the determination of the density of vapors andgases.
MANOVERY,A contrivance or maneuvering to catch game illegally.
MANQUELLER,A killer of men; a manslayer. [Obs.] Carew.
MANROPE,One of the side ropes to the gangway of a ship. Totten.
MANSARD ROOF,A hipped curb roof; that is, a roof having on all sides twoslopes, the
lower one being steeper than the upper one.
MANSERVANT,A male servant.
MANSION,A twelfth part of the heavens; a house. See 1st House, 8.Chaucer.
MANSIONARY,Resident; residentiary; as, mansionary canons.
MANSIONRY,The state of dwelling or residing; occupancy as a dwellingplace. [Obs.]
Shak.
MANSLAUGHTER,The unlawful killing of a man, either in negligenc
MANSLAYER,One who kills a human being; one who commits manslaughter.
MANSTEALER,A person who steals or kidnaps a human being or beings.
MANSTEALING,The act or business of stealing or kidnaping human beings,especially
with a view to e
MANSUETE,Tame; gentle; kind. [Obs.] Ray.
MANSUETUDE,Tameness; gentleness; mildness. [Archaic]
MANSWEAR,To swear falsely. Same as Mainswear.
MANTA,See Coleoptera and Sea devil.
MANTCHOO,Same as Manchu.
MANTEL,The finish around a fireplace, covering the chimney-breast infront and
sometimes on both sides; especially, a shelf above thefireplace, and its supports.
[Written also mantle.]
MANTELET,A musket-proof shield of rope, wood, or metal, which issometimes used for
the protection of sappers or riflemen whileattacking a fortress, or of gunners at
embrasures; -- now commonlywritten mantlet.
MANTELLETTA,A silk or woolen vestment without sleeves worn by cardinals,bishops,
abbots, and the prelates of the Roman court. It has a lowcollar, is fastened in
front, and reaches almost to the knees.
MANTELPIECE,Same as Mantel.
MANTELSHELF,The shelf of a mantel.
MANTELTREE,The lintel of a fireplace when of wood, as frequently in earlyhouses.
MANTIC,Of or pertaining to divination, or to the condition of oneinspired, or
supposed to be inspired, by a deity; prophetic. [R.]"Mantic fury." Trench.
MANTIS,Any one of numerous species of voracious orthopterous insectsof the genus
Mantis, and allied genera. They are remarkable for theirslender grotesque forms,
and for holding their stout anterior legs ina manner suggesting hands folded in
prayer. The common Americanspecies is M. Carolina. Mantis shrimp. (Zoöl.) See
Sguilla.
MANTISPID,Any neuropterous insect of the genus Mantispa, and alliedgenera. The
larvæ feed on plant lice. Also used adjectively. SeeIllust. under Neuroptera.
MANTISSA,The decimal part of a logarithm, as distinguished from theintegral part,
or characteristic.
MANTLE,Same as Mantling.
MANTLET,See Mantelet.
MANTLING,The representation of a mantle, or the drapery behind andaround a coat of
arms: -- called also lambrequin.
MANTO,See Manteau. [Obs.] Bailey.
MANTOLOGIST,One who is skilled in mantology; a diviner. [R.]
MANTOLOGY,The act or art of divination. [R.]
MANTRA,A prayer; an invocation; a religious formula; a charm. [India]
MANTUAMAKER,One who makes dresses, cloaks, etc., for women; a dressmaker.
MANTUAN,Of or pertaining to Mantua.-- n.
MANU,One of a series of progenitors of human beings, and authors ofhuman wisdom.
MANUAL,Of or pertaining to the hand; done or made by the hand; as,manual labor; the
king's sign manual. "Manual and ocularexamination." Tatham. Manual alphabet. See
Dactylology.-- Manual exercise (Mil.) the exercise by which soldiers are taughtthe
use of their muskets and other arms.-- Seal manual, the impression of a seal worn
on the hand as a ring.-- Sign manual. See under Sign.
MANUALIST,One who works wi
MANUALLY,By hand.
MANUARY,Manual.-- n.
MANUBIAL,Belonging to spoils; taken in war. [Obs.] Bailey.
MANUBRIAL,Of or pertaining to a manubrium; shaped like a manubrium;handlelike.
MANUBRIUM,A handlelike process or part; esp., the anterior segment of thesternum,
or presternum, and the handlelike process of the malleus.
MANUCODE,Any bird of the genus Manucodia, of Australia and New Guinea.They are
related to the bird of paradise.
MANUDUCENT,One who leads by the hand; a manuductor. [Obs.]
MANUDUCTION,Guidance by the hand. [Obs.] Glanvill. South.
MANUDUCTOR,A conductor; an officer in the ancient church who gave thesignal for the
choir to sing, and who beat time with the hand, andregulated the music. Moore
(Encyc. of Music.)
MANUFACTORY,Pertaining to manufacturing.
MANUFACTURAL,Of or pertaining to manufactures. [R.]
MANUFACTURE,To be employed in manufacturing something.
MANUFACTURER,One who manufactures.
MANUL,A wild cat (Felis manul), having long, soft, light-colored fur.It is found in
the mountains of Central Asia, and dwells among rocks.
MANUMISE,To manumit. [Obs.] Dryden.
MANUMISSION,The act of manumitting, or of liberating a slave from bondage."Given to
slaves at their manumission." Arbuthnot.
MANUMIT,To release from slavery; to liberate from personal bondage orservitude; to
free, as a slave. "Manumitted slaves." Hume.
MANUMOTIVE,Movable by hand. [R.]
MANUMOTOR,A small wheel carriage, so constructed that a person sitting init may
move it.
MANURAGE,Cultivation. [Obs.] Warner.
MANURANCE,Cultivation. [Obs.] Spenser.
MANURE,Any matter which makes land productive; a fertilizingsubstance, as the
contents of stables and barnyards, dung, decayinganimal or vegetable substances,
etc. Dryden.
MANUREMENT,Cultivation. [Obs.] W. Wotton.
MANURER,One who manures land.
MANURIAL,Relating to manures.
MANURING,The act of process of applying manure; also, the manureapplied.
MANUS,The distal segment of the fore limb, including the carpus andfore foot or
hand.
MANUSCRIPT,Written with or by the hand; not printed; as, a manuscriptvolume.
MANUSCRIPTAL,Manuscript. [Obs.]
MANUTENENCY,Maintenance. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.
MANWAY,A small passageway, as in a mine, that a man may pass through.Raymond.
MANX,Of or pertaining to the Isle of Man, or its inhabitants; as,the Manx language.
Manx cat (Zoöl.), a breed of domestic cats havinga rudimentary tail, containing
only about three vertebrae.-- Manx shearwater (Zoöl.), an oceanic bird (Puffinus
anglorum, orP. puffinus), called also Manx petrel, Manx puffin. It was
formerlyabundant in the Isle of Man.
MANY,A retinue of servants; a household. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MANY-MINDED,Having many faculties; versatile; many-sided.
MANY-SIDED,In many different ways; variously.
MANYPLIES,The third division, or that between the reticulum, or honeycombstomach,
and the abomasum, or rennet stomach, in the stomach ofruminants; the omasum; the
psalterium. So called from the numerousfolds in its mucous membrane. See Illust of
Ruminant.
MANZANILLA,A kind of small roundish olive with a small freestone pit, afine skin,
and a peculiar bitterish flavor. Manzanillas are commonlypitted and stuffed with
Spanish pimientos.
MANZANITA,A name given to several species of Arctostaphylos, but mostlyto A. glauca
and A. pungens, shrubs of California, Oregon, etc., withreddish smooth bark, ovate
or oval coriaceous evergreen leaves, andbearing clusters of red berries, which are
said to be a favorite foodof the grizzly bear.
MAORI,One of the aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand; also, theoriginal language
of New Zealand.-- a.
MAP,To represent by a map; -- often with out; as, to survey andmap, or map out, a
county. Hence, figuratively: To represent orindicate systematically and clearly; to
sketch; to plan; as, to map,or map out, a journey; to map out business.I am near to
the place where they should meet, if Pisanio have mappedit truly. Shak.
MAPACH,The raccoon.
MAPLE,A tree of the genus Acer, including about fifty species. A.saccharinum is the
rock maple, or sugar maple, from the sap of whichsugar is made, in the United
States, in great quantities, byevaporation; the red or swamp maple is A. rubrum;
the silver maple,A. dasycarpum, having fruit wooly when young; the striped maple,
A.Pennsylvanium, called also moosewood. The common maple of Europe isA. campestre,
the sycamore maple is A. Pseudo-platanus, and theNorway maple is A. platanoides.
MAPLIKE,Having or consisting of lines resembling a map; as, the maplikefigures in
which certain lichens grow.
MAPPERY,The making, or study, of maps. [Obs.] Shak.
MAQUI,A Chilian shrub (Aristotelia Maqui). Its bark furnishes stringsfor musical
instruments, and a medicinal wine is made from itsberries.
MAR,A small lake. See Mere. [Prov. Eng.]
MAR-TEXT,A blundering preacher.
MARA,The principal or ruling evil spirit. E. Arnold.
MARABOU,A large stork of the genus Leptoptilos (formerly Ciconia), esp.the African
species (L. crumenifer), which furnishes plumes worn asornaments. The Asiatic
species (L. dubius, or L. argala) is theadjutant. See Adjutant. [Written also
marabu.]
MARABOUT,A Mohammedan saint; especially, one who claims to work
curessupernaturally.
MARACAN,A macaw.
MARAI,A sacred inclosure or temple; -- so called by the islanders ofthe Pacific
Ocean.
MARANATHA,"Our Lord cometh;" -- an expression used by St. Paul at theconclusion of
his first Epistle to the Corinthians (xvi. 22). Thisword has been used in
anathematizing persons for great crimes; asmuch as to say, "May the Lord come
quickly to take vengeance of thycrimes." See Anathema maranatha, under Anathema.
MARANTA,A genus of endogenous plants found in tropical America, andsome species
also in India. They have tuberous roots containing alarge amount of starch, and
from one species (Maranta arundinacea)arrowroot is obtained. Many kinds are
cultivated for ornament.
MARASCHINO,A liqueur distilled from fermented cherry juice, and flavoredwith the
pit of a variety of cherry which grows in Dalmatia.
MARASMUS,A wasting of flesh without fever or apparent disease; a kind
ofconsumption; atrophy; phthisis.Pining atrophy, Marasmus, and wide-wasting
pestilence. Milton.Marasmus senilis Etym: [L.], progressive atrophy of the aged.
MARAUD,To rove in quest of plunder; to make an excursion for booty; toplunder.
"Marauding hosts." Milman.
MARAUDER,A rover in quest of booty or plunder; a plunderer; one whopillages. De
Quincey.
MARAVEDI,A small copper coin of Spain, equal to three mils Americanmoney, less than
a farthing sterling. Also, an ancient Spanish goldcoin.
MARBLE,To stain or vein like marble; to variegate in color; as, tomarble the edges
of a book, or the surface of paper.
MARBLE-EDGED,Having the edge veined or spotted with different colors likemarble, as
a book.
MARBLED,Varied with irregular markings, or witch a confused blending ofirregular
spots and streaks.
MARBLEIZE,To stain or grain in imitation of marble; to cover with asurface
resembling marble; as, to marbleize slate, wood, or iron.
MARBLING,Distinct markings resembling the variegations of marble, as onbirds and
insects.
MARBLY,Containing, or resembling, marble.
MARBRINUS,A cloth woven so as to imitate the appearance of marble; --much used in
the 15th and 16th centuries. Beck (Draper's Dict.).
MARC,The refuse matter which remains after the pressure of fruit,particularly of
grapes.
MARCANTANT,A merchant. [Obs.] Shak.
MARCASITE,A sulphide of iron resembling pyrite or common iron pyrites
incomposition, but differing in form; white iron pyrites. Goldenmarcasite, tin.
[Obs.]
MARCASSIN,A young wild boar.
MARCATO,In a marked emphatic manner; -- used adverbially as adirection.
MARCELINE,A thin silk fabric used for linings, etc., in ladies' dresses.
MARCESCENT,Withering without
MARCESCIBLE,Li
MARCH,The third month of the year, containing thirty-one days.The stormy March is
come at last, With wind, and cloud, and changingskies. Bryant.As mad as a March
Hare, an old English Saying derived from the factthat March is the rutting time of
hares, when they are excitable andviolent. Wright.
MARCH-MAD,Extremely rash; foolhardy. See under March, the month. Sir W.Scott.
MARCH-WARD,A warden of the marches; a marcher.
MARCHER,One who marches.
MARCHING,,fr. March, v. Marching money (Mil.), the additional pay ofofficer or
soldier when his regiment is marching.-- In marching order (Mil.), equipped for a
march.-- Marching regiment. (Mil.) (a) A regiment in active service. (b)In England,
a regiment liable to be ordered into other quarters, athome or abroad; a regiment
of the line.
MARCHIONESS,The wife or the widow of a marquis; a woman who has the rankand dignity
of a marquis. Spelman.
MARCHMAN,A person living in the marches between England and Scotland orWales.
MARCHPANE,A kind of sweet bread or biscuit; a cake of pounded almonds andsugar.
[Obs.]marzipan Shak.
MARCIAN,Under the influence of Mars; courageous; bold. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARCIDITY,The state or quality of being withered or lean. [R.]
MARCIONITE,A follower of Marcion, a Gnostic of the second century, whoadopted the
Oriental notion of the two conflicting principles, andimagined that between them
there existed a third power, neitherwholly good nor evil, the Creator of the world
and of man, and theGod of the Jewish dispensation. Brande & C.
MARCOBRUNNER,A celebrated Rhine wine.
MARCONI SYSTEM,A system or wireless telegraphy developed by G. Marconi, anItalian
physicist, in which Hertzian waves are used in transmissionand a coherer is used as
the receiving instrument.
MARCONI,Designating, or pert. to, Marconi's system of wirelesstelegraphy; as,
Marconi aërial, coherer, station, system, etc.
MARCONIGRAM,A Marconi wireless message.
MARCONIGRAPH,The apparatus used in Marconi wireless telegraphy.
MARCONISM,The theory or practice of Marconi's wireless telegraph system.
MARCOR,A wasting away of flesh; decay. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MARCOSIAN,One of a Gnostic sect of the second century, so called fromMarcus, an
Egyptian, who was reputed to be a margician.
MARDI GRAS,The last day of Carnival; Shrove Tuesday; -- in some cities agreat day
of carnival and merrymaking.
MARE CLAUSUM,Lit., closed sea; hence, a body of water within the
separatejurisdiction of the nation; -- opposed to open sea, the water open toall
nations and over which no single nation has special control.
MARE,The female of the horse and other equine quadrupeds.
MARECHAL NIEL,A kind of large yellow rose. [Written also Marshal Niel.]
MAREIS,A Marsh. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARENA,A European whitefish of the genus Coregonus.
MARESCHAL,A military officer of high rank; a marshal. [Obs.]
MARGARATE,A compound of the so-called margaric acid with a base.
MARGARIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly. Margaric acid. (a)(Physiol.
Chem.) A fatty body, crystallizing in pearly scales, andobtained by digesting
saponified fats (soaps) with an acid. It wasformerly supposed to be an individual
fatty acid, but is now known tobe simply an intimate mixture of stearic and
palmitic acids. (b)(Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, C17H34O2 of the fatty
acidseries, intermediate between palmitic and stearic acids, and obtainedfrom the
wax of certain lichens, from cetyl cyanide, and othersources.
MARGARIN,A fatty substance, extracted from animal fats and certainvegetable oils,
formerly supposed to be a definite compound ofglycerin and margaric acid, but now
known to be simply a mixture orcombination of tristearin and teipalmitin.
MARGARITACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly.
MARGARITE,A mineral related to the micas, but low in silica and yieldingbrittle
folia with pearly luster.
MARGARITIC,Margaric.
MARGARITIFEROUS,Producing pearls.
MARGARODITE,A hidrous potash mica related to muscovite.
MARGARONE,The ketone of margaric acid.
MARGAROUS,Margaric; -- formerly designating a supposed acid. [Obs.]
MARGATE FISH,A sparoid fish (Diabasis aurolineatus) of the Gulf of Mexico,esteemed
as a food fish; -- called also red-mouth grunt.
MARGAY,An American wild cat (Felis tigrina), ranging from Mexico toBrazil. It is
spotted with black. Called also long-tailed cat.
MARGE,Border; margin; edge; verge. [Poetic] Tennyson.Along the river's stony marge.
Wordsworth.
MARGENT,A margin; border; brink; edge. [Obs.]The beached margent of the sea. Shak.
MARGIN,The difference between the cost and the selling price of anarticle.
MARGINALIA,Marginal notes.
MARGINALLY,In the margin of a book.
MARGINATE,Having a margin distinct in appearance or structure.
MARGINATED,Same as Marginate, a.
MARGINED,Bordered with a distinct line of color.
MARGINELLA,A genus of small, polished, marine univalve shells, native ofall warm
seas.
MARGINICIDAL,Dehiscent by the separation of united carpels; -- said offruits.
MARGOSA,A large tree of genus Melia (M. Azadirachta) found in India.Its bark is
bitter, and used as a tonic. A valuable oil is expressedfrom its seeds, and a
tenacious gum exudes from its trunk. The M.Azedarach is a much more showy tree, and
is cultivated in theSouthern United States, where it is known as Pride of India,
Pride ofChina, or bead tree. Various parts of the tree are
consideredanthelmintic.The margosa oil . . . is a most valuable balsam for wounds,
having apeculiar smell which prevents the attacks of flies. Sir S. Baker.
MARGRAVINE,The wife of a margrave.
MARGUERITE,The daisy (Bellis perennis). The name is often applied also tothe ox-eye
daisy and to the China aster. Longfellow.
MARIAN,Pertaining to the Virgin Mary, or sometimes to Mary, Queen ofEngland,
daughter of Henry VIII.Of all the Marian martyrs, Mr. Philpot was the best-born
gentleman.Fuller.Maid Marian. See Maidmarian in the Vocabulary.
MARIE,Marry. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARIET,A kind of bellflower, Companula Trachelium, once called ViolaMariana; but it
is not a violet.
MARIGENOUS,Produced in or by the sea.
MARIGOLD,A name for several plants with golden yellow blossoms,especially the
Calendula officinalis (see Calendula), and thecultivated species of Tagetes.
MARIKINA,A small marmoset (Midas rosalia); the silky tamarin.
MARIMBA,A musical istrument of percussion, consisting of bars yieldingmusical tones
when struck. Knight.
MARIMONDA,A spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth) of Central and SouthAmerica.
MARINADE,A brine or pickle containing wine and spices, for enriching theflavor of
meat and fish.
MARINATE,To salt or pickle, as fish, and then preserve in oil orvinegar; to prepare
by the use of marinade.
MARINE,Formed by the action of the currents or waves of the sea; as,marine
deposits. Marine acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. [Obs.] --Marine barometer. See
under Barometer.-- Marine corps, a corps formed of the officers,
noncommissionedofficers, privates, and musicants of marines.-- Marine engine
(Mech.), a steam engine for propelling a vessel.-- Marine glue. See under Glue.--
Marine insurance, insurance against the perils of the sea,including also risks of
fire, piracy, and barratry.-- Marine interest, interest at any rate agreed on for
money lentupon respondentia and bottomry bonds.-- Marine law. See under Law.--
Marine league, three geographical miles.-- Marine metal, an alloy of lead,
antimony, and mercury, made forsheathing ships. Mc Elrath.-- Marine soap, cocoanut
oil soap; -- so called because, being quitesoluble in salt water, it is much used
on shipboard.-- Marine store, a store where old canvas, ropes, etc., are boughtand
sold; a junk shop. [Eng.]
MARINED,Having the lower part of the body like a fish. Crabb.
MARINER,One whose occupation is to assist in navigating ships; a seamanor sailor.
Chaucer. Mariner's compass. See under Compass.
MARINERSHIP,Seamanship. [Obs.] Udalt.
MARINISM,A bombastic literary style marked by the use of metaphors andantitheses
characteristic of the Italian poet Giambattista Marini(1569-1625). -- Ma*ri"nist
(#), n.
MARINORAMA,A representation of a sea view.
MARIOLATER,One who worships the Virgin Mary.
MARIOLATRY,The worship of the Virgin Mary.
MARIONETTE,The buffel duck.
MARIPOSA LILY,One of a genus (Calochortus) of tuliplike bulbous herbs withlarge,
and often gaycolored, blossoms. Called also butterfly lily.Most of them are natives
of California.
MARIPUT,A species of civet; the zoril.
MARISH,Low, wet ground; a marsh; a fen; a bog; a moor. [Archaic]Milton. Tennyson.
MARITAL,Of or pertaining to a husband; as, marital rights, duties,authority.
"Marital affection." Ayliffe.
MARITATED,Having a husband; married. [Obs.]
MARJORAM,A genus of mintlike plants (Origanum) comprising about twenty-five
species. The sweet marjoram (O. Majorana) is pecularly aromaticand fragrant, and
much used in cookery. The wild marjoram of Europeand America is O. vulgare, far
less fragrant than the other.
MARK,A license of reprisals. See Marque.
MARKABLE,Remarkable. [Obs.] Sandys.
MARKED,Designated or distinguished by, or as by, a mark; hence;noticeable;
conspicuous; as, a marked card; a marked coin; a markedinstance.-- Mark"ed*ly, adv.
J. S. Mill. A marked man, a man who is noted bya community, or by a part of it, as,
for excellence or depravity; --usually with an unfavorable suggestion.
MARKEE,See Marquee.
MARKER,One who or that which marks. Specifically:(a) One who keeps account of a
game played, as of billiards.(b) A counter used in card playing and other games.(c)
(Mil.) The soldier who forms the pilot of a wheeling column, ormarks the direction
of an alignment.(d) An attachment to a sewing machine for marking a line on
thefabric by creasing it.
MARKET,The privelege granted to a town of having a public market.
MARKETABLENESS,Quality of being marketable.
MARKETER,One who attends a market to buy or sell; one who carries goodsto market.
MARKETSTEAD,A market place. [Obs.] Drayton.
MARKHOOR,A large wild goat (Capra megaceros), having huge flattenedspiral horns. It
inhabits the mountains of Northern India andCashmere.
MARKING,The act of one who, or that which, marks; the mark or marksmade;
arrangement or disposition of marks or coloring; as, themarking of a bird's
plumage. Marking ink, indelible ink, because usedin marking linen.-- Marking nut
(Bot.), the nut of the Semecarpus Anacardium, an EastIndian tree. The shell of the
nut yields a blackish resinous juiceused for marking cotton cloth, and an oil
prepared from it is usedfor rheumatism.
MARKIS,A marquis. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARKISESSE,A marchioness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARKMAN,A marksman. [Obs.] Shak.
MARKSMAN,One who makes his mark, instead of writing his name, in signingdocuments.
Burrill.
MARKSMANSHIP,Skill of a marksman.
MARL,To cover, as part of a rope, with marline, marking a pecularhitch at each turn
to prevent unwinding. Marling spike. (Naut.) Seeunder Marline.
MARLACEOUS,Resembling marl; partaking of the qualities of marl.
MARLIN,The American great marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa). Applied alsoto the red-
breasted godwit (Limosa hæmatica). Hook-billed marlin, acurlew.
MARLINE,A small line composed of two strands a little twisted, used forwinding
around ropes and cables, to prevent their being weakened byfretting. Marline spike,
Marling spike (Naut.), an iron tool taperingto a point, used to separate the
strands of a rope in splicing and inmarling. It has an eye in the thick end to
which a lanyard isattached. See Fid. [Written also marlin spike] -- Marline-spike
bird.Etym: [The name alludes to the long middle tail feathers.] (Zoöl.)(a) A tropic
bird. (b) A jager, or skua gull.
MARLITE,A variety of marl.
MARLITIC,Partaking of the qualites of marlite.
MARLPIT,Apit where marl is dug.
MARLSTONE,A sandy calcareous straum, containing, or impregnated with,iron, and
lying between the upper and lower Lias of England.
MARLY,Consisting or partaking of marl; resembling marl; aboundingwith marl.
MARMALADE,A preserve or confection made of the pulp of fruit, as thequince, pear,
apple, orange, etc., boiled with sugar, and brought toa jamlike consistence.
Marmalade tree (Bot.), a sapotaceous tree(Lucuma mammosa) of the West Indies and
Tropical America. It haslarge obovate leaves and an egg-shaped fruit from three to
fiveinches long, containing a pleasant-flavored pulp and a single largeseed. The
fruit is called marmalade, or natural marmalade, from itsconsistency and flavor.
MARMALET,See Marmalade. [Obs.]
MARMATITE,A ferruginous variety of shalerite or zinc blende, nearly blackin color.
MARMOLITE,A thin, laminated variety of serpentine, usually of a palegreen color.
MARMORACEOUS,Pertaining to, or like, marble.
MARMORATION,A covering or incrusting with marble; a casing of marble; avariegating
so as to resemble marble. [R.]
MARMORATUM OPUS,A kind of hard finish for plasterwork, made of plaster of Parisand
marble dust, and capable of taking a high polish.
MARMOROSIS,The metamorphism of limestone, that is, its conversion intomarble.
Geikie.
MARMOSE,A species of small opossum (Didelphus murina) ranging fromMexico to Brazil.
MARMOSET,Any one of numerous species of small South American monkeys ofthe genera
Hapale and Midas, family Hapalidæ. They have long softfur, and a hairy,
nonprehensile tail. They are often kept as pets.Called also squirrel monkey.
MARMOT,Any rodent of the genus Arctomys. The common European marmot(A. marmotta) is
about the size of a rabbit, and inhabits the higherregions of the Alps and
Pyrenees. The bobac is another Europeanspecies. The common American species (A.
monax) is the woodchuck.
MARMOTTES OIL,. A fine oil obtained from the kernel of Prunus brigantiaca. Itis
used instead of olive or almond oil. De Colange.
MARMOZET,See Marmoset.
MARONE,See Maroon, the color.
MARONITE,One of a body of nominal Christians, who speak the Arabiclanguage, and
reside on Mount Lebanon and in different parts ofSyria. They take their name from
one Maron of the 6th century.
MAROON,In the West Indies and Guiana, a fugitive slave, or a freenegro, living in
the mountains.
MARPLOT,One who, by his officious
MARQUE,A license to pass the limits of a jurisdiction, or boundary ofa country, for
the purpose of making reprisals. Letters of marque,Letters of marque and reprisal,
a license or extraordinary commissiongranted by a government to a private person to
fit out a privateer orarmed ship to cruise at sea and make prize of the enemy's
ships andmerchandise. The ship so commissioned is sometimes called a letter
ofmarque.
MARQUEE,A large field tent; esp., one adapted to the use of an officerof high rank.
[Written also markee.]
MARQUESS,A marquis. Lady marquess, a marchioness. [Obs.] Shak.
MARQUETRY,Inlaid work; work inlaid with pieces of wood, shells, ivory,and the like,
of several colors.
MARQUIS,A nobleman in England, France, and Germany, of a rank nextbelow that of
duke. Originally, the marquis was an officer whose dutywas to guard the marches or
frontiers of the kingdom. The office hasceased, and the name is now a mere title
conferred by patent.
MARQUISATE,The seigniory, dignity, or lordship of a marquis; the territorygoverned
by a marquis.
MARQUISDOM,A marquisate. [Obs.] "Nobles of the marquisdom of Saluce."Holinshed.
MARQUISE,The wife of a marquis; a marchioness.
MARQUISSHIP,A marquisate.
MARRAM,A coarse grass found on sandy beaches (Ammophila arundinacea).See Beach
grass, under Beach.
MARRER,One who mars or injures.
MARRIABLE,Marriageable. [R.] Coleridge.
MARRIAGEABILITY,The quality or state of being marriageable.
MARRIAGEABLE,Fit for, or capable of, marriage; of an age at which marriageis
allowable.-- Mar"riage*a*ble*ness, n.
MARRIER,One who marries.
MARRON,A paper or pasteboard box or shell, wound about with strongtwine, filled
with an explosive, and ignited with a fuse, -- used tomake a noise like a cannon.
[Written also maroon.]
MARROON,Same as 1st Maroon.
MARROW,The tissue which fills the cavities of most bones; the medulla.In the larger
cavities it is commonly very fatty, but in the smallercavities it is much less
fatty, and red or reddish in color.
MARROWBONE,A bone containing marrow; pl. ludicrously, knee bones or knees;as, to
get down on one's marrowbones, i. e., to kneel.
MARROWFAT,A rich but late variety of pea.
MARROWISH,Of the nature of, or like, marrow.
MARROWLESS,Destitute of marrow.
MARROWY,Full of marrow; pithy.
MARRUBIUM,A genus of bitter aromatic plants, sometimes used in medicine;hoarhound.
MARRY,To enter into the conjugal or connubial state; to take ahusband or a wife.I
will, therefore, that the younger women marry. 1 Tim. v. 14.Marrrying man, a man
disposed to marry. [Colloq.]
MARS,The god of war and husbandry.
MARSALA,A kind of wine exported from Marsala in Sicily.
MARSDENIA,A genus of plants of the Milkweed family, mostly woody climberswith
fragrant flowers, several species of which furnish valuablefiber, and one species
(Marsdenia tinctoria) affords indigo.
MARSEILLES,A general term for certain kinds of fabrics, which are formedof two
series of threads interlacing each other, thus forming doublecloth, quilted in the
loom; -- so named because first made inMarseilles, France.
MARSH MARIGOLD,. (Bot.) A perennial plant of the genus Caltha (C.
palustris),growing in wet places and bearing bright yellow flowers. In theUnited
States it is used as a pot herb under the name of cowslip. SeeCowslip.
MARSH,A tract of soft wet land, commonly covered partially or whollywith water; a
fen; a swamp; a morass. [Written also marish.] Marshasphodel (Bot.), a plant
(Nartheeium ossifragum) with linear equitantleaves, and a raceme of small white
flowers; -- called also bogasphodel.-- Marsh cinquefoil (Bot.), a plant (Potentilla
palustris) havingpurple flowers, and found growing in marshy places; marsh five-
finger.-- Marsh elder. (Bot.) (a) The guelder-rose or cranberry tree(Viburnum
Opulus). (b) In the United States, a composite shrubgrowing in salt marshes (Iva
frutescens).-- Marsh five-finger. (Bot.) See Marsh cinquefoil (above).-- Marsh gas.
(Chem.) See under Gas.-- Marsh grass (Bot.), a genus (Spartina) of coarse grasses
growingin marshes; -- called also cord grass. The tall S. cynosuroides isnot good
for hay unless cut very young. The low S. juncea is a commoncomponent of salt
hay.-- Marsh harrier (Zoöl.), a European hawk or harrier (Circusæruginosus); --
called also marsh hawk, moor hawk, moor buzzard,puttock.-- Marsh hawk. (Zoöl.) (a)
A hawk or harrier (Circus cyaneus),native of both America and Europe. The adults
are bluish slate above,with a white rump. Called also hen harrier, and mouse hawk.
(b) Themarsh harrier.-- Marsh hen (Zoöl.), a rail; esp., Rallus elegans of fresh-
watermarshes, and R. longirostris of salt-water marshes.-- Marsh mallow (Bot.), a
plant of the genus Althæa ( A.officinalis) common in marshes near the seashore, and
whose root ismuch used in medicine as a demulcent.-- Marsh marigold. (Bot.) See in
the Vocabulary.-- Marsh pennywort (Bot.), any plant of the umbelliferous
genusHydrocotyle; low herbs with roundish leaves, growing in wet places; -- called
also water pennywort.-- Marsh quail (Zoöl.), the meadow lark.-- Marsh rosemary
(Bot.), a plant of the genus Statice (S.Limonium), common in salt marshes. Its root
is powerfully astringent,and is sometimes used in medicine. Called also sea
lavender.-- Marsh samphire (Bot.), a plant (Salicornia herbacea) found
alongseacoasts. See Glasswort.-- Marsh St. John's-wort (Bot.), an American herb
(Elodes Virginica)with small opposite leaves and flesh-colored flowers.-- Marsh
tea. (Bot.). Same as Labrador tea.-- Marsh trefoil. (Bot.) Same as Buckbean.--
Marsh wren (Zoöl.), any species of small American wrens of thegenus Cistothorus,
and allied genera. They chiefly inhabit saltmarshes.
MARSHAL,To dispose in due order, as the different quarterings on anescutcheon, or
the different crests when several belong to anachievement.
MARSHALER,One who marshals.
MARSHALING,The arrangement of an escutcheon to exhibit the alliances ofthe owner.
Marshaling of assets (Law), the arranging or ranking ofassets in due order of
administration.
MARSHALSEA,The court or seat of a marshal; hence, the prison in Southwark,belonging
to the marshal of the king's household. [Eng.] Court ofMarshalsea, a court formerly
held before the steward and marshal ofthe king's house to administer justice
between the king's domesticservants. Blackstone.
MARSHALSHIP,The office of a marshal.
MARSHINESS,The state or condition of being marshy.
MARSIPOBRANCH,One of the Marsipobranchia.
MARSIPOBRANCHIA,A class of Vertebrata, lower than fishes, characterized bytheir
purselike gill cavities, cartilaginous skeletons, absence oflimbs, and a suckerlike
mouth destitute of jaws. It includes thelampreys and hagfishes. See Cyclostoma, and
Lamprey. Called alsoMarsipobranchiata, and Marsipobranchii.
MARSUPIAL,Having a pouch for carrying the immature young; of orpertaining to the
Marsupialia.
MARSUPIALIA,A subclass of Mammalia, including nearly all the mammals ofAustralia
and the adjacent islands, together with the opossums ofAmerica. They differ from
ordinary mammals in having the corpuscallosum very small, in being implacental, and
in having their youngborn while very immature. The female generally carries the
young forsome time after birth in an external pouch, or marsupium. Called
alsoMarsupiata.
MARSUPIATE,Related to or resembling the marsupials; furnished with a pouchfor the
young, as the marsupials, and also some fishes and Crustacea.
MARSUPION,Same as Marsupium.
MARSUPITE,A fossil crinoid of the genus Marsupites, resembling a purse inform.
MART,To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart. [Obs.]To sell and mart your officer for
gold To undeservers. Shak.
MARTAGON,A lily (Lilium Martagon) with purplish red flowers, found inEurope and
Asia.
MARTEL DE FER,A weapon resembling a hammer, often having one side of the
headpointed; -- used by horsemen in the Middle Ages to break armor.Fairholt.
MARTEL,To make a blow with, or as with, a hammer. [Obs.] Spenser.
MARTELINE,A small hammer used by marble workers and sculptors.
MARTELLO TOWER,A building of masonry, generally circular, usually erected onthe
seacoast, with a gun on the summit mounted on a traversingplatform, so as to be
fired in any direction.
MARTEN,A bird. See Martin.
MARTERN,Same as Marten. [Obs.]
MARTIAL,Pertaining to, or containing, iron; chalybeate; as, martialpreparations.
[Archaic] Martial flowers (Med.), a reddish crystallinesalt of iron; the ammonio-
chloride of iron. [Obs.] -- Martial law,the law administered by the military power
of a government when ithas superseded the civil authority in time of war, or when
the civilauthorities are unable to enforce the laws. It is distinguished
frommilitary law, the latter being the code of rules for the regulationof the army
and navy alone, either in peace or in war.
MARTIALISM,The quality of being warlike; exercises suitable for war.[Obs.]
MARTIALIST,A warrior. [Obs.] Fuller.
MARTIALIZE,To render warlike; as, to martialize a people.
MARTIALLY,In a martial manner.
MARTIALNESS,The quality of being martial.
MARTIAN,Of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war, or to theplanet bearing his
name; martial.
MARTIN,A perforated stone-faced runner for grinding.
MARTINET,In military language, a strict disciplinarian; in general, onewho lays
stress on a rigid adherence to the details of discipline, orto forms and fixed
methods. [Hence, the word is commonly employed ina depreciatory sense.]
MARTINETA,A species of tinamou (Calopezus elegans), having a long slendercrest.
MARTINETISM,The principles or practices of a martinet; rigid adherence
todiscipline, etc.
MARTINMAS,The feast of St. Martin, the eleventh of November; -- oftencalled
martlemans. Martinmas summer, a period of calm, warm weatheroften experienced about
the time of Martinmas; Indian summer. PercySmith.
MARTITE,Iron sesquioxide in isometric form, probably a pseudomorphafter magnetite.
MARTLEMAS,See Martinmas. [Obs.]
MARTLET,The European house martin.
MARTYRIZATION,Act of martyrizing, or state of being martyrized; torture. B.Jonson.
MARTYRIZE,To make a martyr of. Spenser.
MARTYRLY,In the manner of a martyr.
MARTYROLOGE,A martyrology. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MARTYROLOGIST,A writer of martyrology; an historian of martyrs. T. Warton.
MARTYROLOGY,A history or account of martyrs; a register of martyrs.
Bp.Stillingfleet.
MARTYRSHIP,Martyrdom. [R.] Fuller.
MARVEL,To be struck with surprise, astonishment, or wonder; to wonder.Marvel not,
my brethren, if the world hate you. 1 john iii. 13.
MARVELOUSLY,In a marvelous manner; wonderfully; strangely.
MARVELOUSNESS,The quality or state of being marvelous; wonderfulness;strangeness.
MARVER,A stone, or cast-iron plate, or former, on which hot glass isrolled to give
it shape.
MARY,Marrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MARY-BUD,The marigold; a blossom of the marigold. Shak.
MARYOLATRY,Mariolatry.
MARYSOLE,A large British fluke, or flounder (Rhombus megastoma); --called also
carter, and whiff. marchpane.
MASCLE,A lozenge voided.
MASCLED,Composed of, or covered with, lozenge-shaped scales; havinglozenge-shaped
divisions. Mascled armor, armor composed of smalllozenge-shaped scales of metal
fastened on a foundation of leather orquilted cloth.
MASCULATE,To make strong. [Obs.] Cockeram.
MASCULINE,Having the inflections of, or construed with, words pertainingespecially
to male beings, as distinguished from feminine and neuter.See Gender.--
Mas"cu*line*ly, adv.-- Mas"cu*line*ness, n.
MASCULINITY,The state or quality of being masculine; masculineness.
MASE,See Maze. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MASELYN,A drinking cup. See 1st Maslin, 2. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MASER,Same as Mazer.
MASH,A mesh. [Obs.]
MASHER,A golf club like the iron, but with a shorter head, slightlymore lofted,
used chiefly for short approaches.
MASHLIN,See Maslin.
MASHY,Produced by crushing or bruising; resembling, or consisting of,a mash.
MASK SHELL,Any spiral marine shell of the genus Persona, having acuriously twisted
aperture.
MASK,A grotesque head or face, used to adorn keystones and otherprominent parts, to
spout water in fountains, and the like; -- calledalso mascaron.
MASKED,Same as Personate.
MASKER,One who wears a mask; one who appears in disguise at amasquerade.
MASKERY,The dress or disguise of a maske [Obs.] Marston.
MASKINONGE,The muskellunge.
MASLACH,An excitant containing opium, much used by the Turks.Dunglison.
MASLIN,Composed of different sorts; as, maslin bread, which is made ofrye mixed
with a little wheat. [Written also meslin, mislin, etc.]
MASON,To build stonework or brickwork about, under, in, over, etc.;to construct by
masons; -- with a prepositional suffix; as, to masonup a well or terrace; to mason
in a kettle or boiler.
MASONIC,Of or pertaining to Freemasons or to their craft or mysteries.
MASOOLA BOAT,. A kind of boat used on the coast of Madras, India. The planksare
sewed together with strands of coir which cross over a wadding ofthe same material,
so that the shock on taking the beach through surfis much reduced. [Written also
masula, masulah, etc.]
MASORA,A Jewish critical work on the text of the Hebrew Scriptures,composed by
several learned rabbis of the school of Tiberias, in theeighth and ninth centuries.
[Written also Masorah, Massora, andMassorah.]
MASORET,A Masorite. [Written also Masorete, and Massorete.]
MASORITE,One of the writers of the Masora.
MASQUE,A mask; a masquerade.
MASQUERADE,To conceal with masks; to disguise. "To masquerade vice."Killingbeck.
MASQUERADER,One who masquerades; a person wearing a mask; one disguised.
MASS,The sacrifice in the sacrament of the Eucharist, or theconsecration and
oblation of the host.
MASSACRE,To kill in considerable numbers where much resistance can notbe made; to
kill with indiscriminate violence, without necessity, andcontrary to the usages of
nations; to butcher; to slaughter; --limited to the killing of human beings.If
James should be pleased to massacre them all, as Maximian hadmassacred the Theban
legion. Macaulay.
MASSACRER,One who massacres. [R.]
MASSAGE,A rubbing or kneading of the body, especially when performed asa hygienic
or remedial measure.
MASSAGIST,One who practices massage; a masseur or masseuse.
MASSASAUGA,The black rattlesnake (Crotalus, or Caudisona, tergemina),found in the
Mississippi Valley.
MASSER,A priest who celebrates Mass. [R.] Bale.
MASSETER,The large muscle which raises the under jaw, and assists inmastication.
MASSETERIC,Of or pertaining to the masseter.
MASSETERINE,Masseteric.
MASSICOT,Lead protoxide, PbO, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, thefused and
crystalline form of which is called litharge; lead ocher.It is used as a pigment.
MASSINESS,The state or quality of being massy; ponderousness.
MASSIVE,In mass; not necessarily without a crystalline structure, buthaving no
regular form; as, a mineral occurs massive. Massive rock(Geol.), a compact
crystalline rock not distinctly schistone, asgranite; also, with some authors, an
eruptive rock.
MASSIVELY,In a heavy mass.
MASSIVENESS,The state or quality of being massive; massiness.
MASSOOLA BOAT,See Masoola boat.
MASSORA,Same as Masora.
MASSORET,Same as Masorite.
MASSY,Compacted into, or consisting of, a mass; having bulk andweight ot substance;
ponderous; bulky and heavy; weight; heavy; as, amassy shield; a massy rock.Your
swords are now too massy for your strengths, And will not beuplifted. Shak.Yawning
rocks in massy fragments fly. Pope.
MAST,The fruit of the oak and beech, or other forest trees; nuts;acorns.Oak mast,
and beech, . . . they eat. Chapman.Swine under an oak filling themselves with the
mast. South.
MASTED,Furnished with a mast or masts; -- chiefly in composition; as,a three-masted
schooner.
MASTER VIBRATOR,In an internal-combustion engine with two or more cylinders,
aninduction coil and vibrator placed in the circuit between the batteryor magneto
and the coils for the different cylinders, which are usedwithout vibrators of their
own.
MASTER,A vessel having (so many) masts; -- used only in compounds; as,a two-master.
MASTERDOM,Dominion; rule; command. [R.] Shak.
MASTERFULLY,In a masterful manner; imperiously.A lawless and rebellious man who
held lands masterfully and in highcontempt of the royal authority. Macaulay.
MASTERHOOD,The state of being a master; hence, disposition to command orhector. C.
Bronté.
MASTERLESS,Destitute of a master or owner; ungoverned or ungovernable.--
Mas"ter*less*ness, n.
MASTERLINESS,The quality or state of being masterly; ability to controlwisely or
skillfully.
MASTERLY,With the skill of a master.Thou dost speak masterly. Shak.
MASTEROUS,Masterly. [Obs.] Milton.
MASTERPIECE,Anything done or made with extraordinary skill; a capitalperformance; a
chef-d'oeuvre; a supreme achievement.The top and masterpiece of art.
South.Dissimulation was his masterpiece. Claredon.
MASTERSINGER,One of a class of poets which flourished in Nuremberg and someother
cities of Germany in the 15th and 16th centuries. They boundthemselves to observe
certain arbitrary laws of rhythm.
MASTFUL,Abounding in mast; producing mast in abundance; as, the mastfulforest; a
mastful chestnut. Dryden.
MASTHEAD,The top or head of a mast; the part of a mast above the hounds.
MASTHOUSE,A building in which vessels' masts are shaped, fitted, etc.
MASTIC,A low shrubby tree of the genus Pistacia (P. Lentiscus),growing upon the
islands and coasts of the Mediterranean, andproducing a valuable resin; -- called
also, mastic tree.
MASTICABLE,Capable of being masticated.
MASTICADOR,A part of a bridle, the slavering bit. [Written alsomastigador.]
MASTICATE,To grind or crush with, or as with, the teeth and prepare forswallowing
and digestion; to chew; as, to masticate food.
MASTICATER,One who masticates.
MASTICATION,The act or operation of masticating; chewing, as of food.Mastication is
a necessary preparation of solid aliment, withoutwhich there can be no good
digestion. Arbuthnot.
MASTICATORY,Chewing; adapted to perform the office o
MASTICH,See Mastic.
MASTICIN,A white, amorphous, tenacious substance resembling caoutchouc,and obtained
as an insoluble residue of mastic.
MASTICOT,Massicot. [Obs.]
MASTIFF,A breed of large dogs noted for strength and courage. There arevarious
strains, differing in form and color, and characteristic ofdifferent countries.
Mastiff bat (Zoöl.) , any bat of the genusMolossus; so called because the face
somewhat resembles that of amastiff.
MASTIGOPOD,One of the Mastigopoda.
MASTIGOPODA,The Infusoria.
MASTIGURE,Any one of several large spiny-tailed lizards of the genusUromastix. They
inhabit Southern Asia and North Africa.
MASTING,The act or process of putting a mast or masts into a vessel;also, the
scientific principles which determine the position ofmasts, and the mechanical
methods of placing them. Masting house(Naut.), a large building, with suitable
mechanism overhanging thewater, used for stepping and unstepping the masts of
vessels.
MASTITIS,Inflammation of the breast.
MASTLESS,Bearing no mast; as, a mastless oak or beech. Dryden.
MASTLIN,See Maslin.
MASTODON,An extinct genus of mammals closely allied to the elephant, buthaving less
complex molar teeth, and often a pair of lower, as wellas upper, tusks, which are
incisor teeth. The species were mostlylarger than elephants, and their romains
occur in nearly all parts ofthe world in deposits ranging from Miocene to late
Quaternary time.
MASTODONSAURUS,A large extinct genus of labyrinthodonts, found in the
EuropeanTriassic rocks.
MASTODONTIC,Pertaining to, or resembling, a mastodon; as, mastodonticdimensions.
Everett.
MASTOIDAL,Same as Mastoid.
MASTOIDITIS,Inflammation in the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
MASTOLOGY,The natural history of Mammalia.
MASTRESS,Mistress. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MASTURBATION,Onanism; self-pollution.
MASTY,Full of mast; abounding in acorns, etc.
MASULA BOAT,Same as Masoola boat.
MAT,A name given by coppersmiths to an alloy of copper, tin, iron,etc., usually
called white metal. [Written also matt.]
MATACHIN,An old dance with swords and bucklers; a sword dance.
MATACO,The three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutis tricinctus). See Illust.under
Loricata.
MATAGASSE,A shrike or butcher bird; -- called also mattages. [Prov. Eng.]
MATAJUELO BLANCO,A West Indian food fish (Malacanthus plumieri) related to
thetilefish.
MATAJUELO,A large squirrel fish (Holocentrus ascensionis) of Florida andthe West
Indies.
MATAMATA,The bearded tortoise (Chelys fimbriata) of South Americanrivers.
MATANZA,A place where animals are slaughtered for their hides andtallow. [Western
U. S.]
MATCH GAME,A game arranged as a test of superiority; also, one of a seriesof such
games.
MATCH PLAY,Play in which the score is reckoned by counting the holes wonor lost by
each side; -- disting. from medal play.
MATCH,Anything used for catching and retaining or communicating fire,made of some
substance which takes fire readily, or remains burningsome time; esp., a small
strip or splint of wood dipped at one end ina substance which can be easily ignited
by friction, as a preparationof phosphorus or chlorate of potassium. Match box, a
box for holdingmatches.-- Match tub, a tub with a perforated cover for holding slow
matchesfor firing cannon, esp. on board ship. The tub contains a littlewater in the
bottom, for extinguishing sparks from the lightedmatches.-- Quick match, threads of
cotton or cotton wick soaked in asolution of gunpowder mixed with gum arabic and
boiling water andafterwards strewed over with mealed powder. It burns at the rate
ofone yard in thirteen seconds, and is used as priming for heavymortars, fireworks,
etc.-- Slow match, slightly twisted hempen rope soaked in a solution oflimewater
and saltpeter or washed in a lye of water and wood ashes.It burns at the rate of
four or five inches an hour, and is used forfiring cannon, fireworks, etc.
MATCH-CLOTH,A coarse cloth.
MATCH-COAT,A coat made of match-cloth.
MATCHABLE,Capable of being matched; comparable on equal conditions;adapted to being
joined together; correspondent.-- Match"a*ble*ness, n.Sir Walter Raleigh . . . is
matchable with the best of the ancients.Hakewill.
MATCHER,One who, or that which, matches; a matching machine. See under3d Match.
MATCHLOCK,An old form of gunlock containing a match for firing thepriming; hence, a
musket fired by means of a match.
MATCHMAKING,Busy in making or contriving marriages; as, a matchmakingwoman.
MATE,The Paraguay tea, being the dried leaf of the Brazilian holly(Ilex
Paraguensis). The infusion has a pleasant odor, with anagreeable bitter taste, and
is much used for tea in South America.
MATELASSE,Ornamented by means of an imitation or suggestion of quilting,the surface
being marked by depressed lines which form squares orlozenges in relief; as,
matelassé silks.
MATELESS,Having no mate.
MATELOTE,A dish of food composed of many kings of fish.
MATEOLOGY,A vain, unprofitable discourse or inquiry. [R.]
MATEOTECHNY,Any unprofitable science. [Obs.]
MATER,See Alma mater, Dura mater, and Pia mater.
MATERIAL,Pertaining to the matter, as opposed to the form, of a thing.See Matter.
Material cause. See under Cause.-- Material evidence (Law), evidence which conduces
to the proof ordisproof of a relevant hypothesis. Wharton.
MATERIALIST,Of or pertaining to materialism or materialists; of the natureof
materialism.But to me his very spiritualism seemed more materialistic than
hisphysics. C. Kingsley.
MATERIALIZATION,The act of materializing, or the state of being materialized.
MATERIALIZE,To make visable in, or as in, a material form; -- said ofspirits.A
female spirit form temporarily materialized, and notdistinguishable from a human
being. Epes Sargent.
MATERIALNESS,The state of being material.
MATERIARIAN,See Materialist. [Obs.]
MATERIATION,Act of forming matter. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MATERIEL,That in a complex system which constitutes the materials, orinstruments
employed, in distinction from the personnel, or men; as,the baggage, munitions,
provisions, etc., of an army; or thebuildings, libraries, and apparatus of a
college, in distinction fromits officers.
MATERIOUS,See Material. [Obs.]
MATERNAL,Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly;as, maternal
love; maternal tenderness.
MATERNALLY,In a motherly manner.
MATERNITY,The state of being a mother; the character or relation of amother.
MATFELON,The knapweed (Centaurea nigra).
MATH,A mowing, or that which is gathered by mowing; -- chiefly usedin composition;
as, an aftermath. [Obs.]The first mowing thereof, for the king's use, is wont to be
soonerthan the common math. Bp. Hall.
MATHEMATIC,See Mathematical.
MATHEMATICAL,Of or pertaining to mathematics; according to mathematics;hence,
theoretically precise; accurate; as, mathematical geography;mathematical
instruments; mathematical exactness.-- Math`e*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
MATHEMATICIAN,One versed in mathematics.
MATHEMATICS,That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exactrelations
existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of themethods by which, in
accordance with these relations, quantitiessought are deducible from other
quantities known or supposed; thescience of spatial and quantitative relations.
MATHER,See Madder.
MATHES,The mayweed. Cf. Maghet.
MATHESIS,Learning; especially, mathematics. [R.] Pope.
MATHURIN,See Trinitarian.
MATICO,A Peruvian plant (Piper, or Artanthe, elongatum), allied to thepepper, the
leaves of which are used as a styptic and astringent.
MATIE,A fat herring with undeveloped roe. [Written also matty.] [Eng.& Scot.]
MATIN,A French mastiff.
MATINAL,Relating to the morning, or to matins; matutinal.
MATINEE,A reception, or a musical or dramatic entertainment, held inthe daytime.
See SoirÉe.
MATRASS,A round-bottomed glass flask having a long neck; a bolthead.
MATRESS,See Matress.
MATRIARCH,The mother and ruler of a family or of her descendants; a rulerby
maternal right.
MATRIARCHAL,Of or pertaining to a matriarch; governed by a matriarch.
MATRIARCHATE,The office or jurisdiction of a matriarch; a matriarchal formof
government.
MATRICE,See Matrix.
MATRICIDAL,Of or pertaining to matricide.
MATRICIDE,One who murders one's own mother.
MATRICULATE,To enroll; to enter in a register; specifically, to enter oradmit to
membership in a body or society, particularly in a collegeor university, by
enrolling the name in a register.In discovering and matriculating the arms of
commissaries from NorthAmerica. Sir W. Scott.
MATRICULATION,The act or process of matriculating; the state of beingmatriculated.
MATRIMOINE,Matrimony. [Obs.]
MATRIMONIAL,Of or pertaining to marriage; derived from marriage; connubial;nuptial;
hymeneal; as, matrimonial rights or duties.If he relied upon that title, he could
be but a king at courtesy, andhave rather a matrimonial than a regal power. Bacon.
MATRIMONIALLY,In a matrimonial manner.
MATRIMONIOUS,Matrimonial. [R.] Milton.
MATRIX,The womb.All that openeth the matrix is mine. Ex. xxxiv. 19.
MATRONAL,Of or pertaining to a matron; suitable to an elderly lady or toa married
woman; grave; motherly.
MATRONHOOD,The state of being a matron.
MATRONLIKE,Like a matron; sedate; grave; matronly.
MATRONYMIC,See Metronymic.
MATROSS,Formerly, in the British service, a gunner or a gunner's mate;one of the
soldiers in a train of artillery, who assisted the gunnersin loading, firing, and
sponging the guns. [Obs.]
MATT,See Matte. Knight.
MATTAGES,A shrike or butcher bird; -- written also matagasse. [Prov.Eng.]
MATTAMORE,A subterranean repository for wheat.
MATTE,A partly reduced copper sulphide, obtained by alternatelyroasting and melting
copper ore in separating the metal fromassociated iron ores, and called coarse
metal, fine metal, etc.,according to the grade of fineness. On the exterior it is
dark brownor black, but on a fresh surface is yellow or bronzy in color.
MATTED,Having a dull surface; unburnished; as, matted gold leaf orgilding. Matted
glass, glass ornamented with figures on a dullground.
MATTER,That which is permanent, or is supposed to be given, and in orupon which
changes are effected by psychological or physicalprocesses and relations; --
opposed to form. Mansel.
MATTER-OF-FACT,Adhering to facts; not turning aside from absolute realities;not
fanciful or imaginative; commonplace; dry.
MATTING,A dull, lusterless surface in certain of the arts, as gilding,metal work,
glassmaking, etc.
MATTOCK,An implement for digging and grubbing. The head has two longsteel blades,
one like an adz and the other like a narrow ax or thepoint of a pickax.'T is you
must dig with mattock and with spade. Shak.
MATTOID,A person of congenitally abnormal mind bordering on insanity ordegeneracy.
MATTOIR,A kind of coarse punch with a rasplike face, used for making arough surface
on etching ground, or on the naked copper, the effectafter biting being very
similar to stippled lines.
MATTOWACCA,An American clupeoid fish (Clupea mediocris), similar to theshad in
habits and appearance, but smaller and less esteemed forfood; -- called also
hickory shad, tailor shad, fall herring, andshad herring.
MATTRESS,A mass of interwoven brush, poles, etc., to protect a bank frombeing worn
away by currents or waves.
MATURANT,A medicine, or application, which promotes suppuration.
MATURATE,To ripen; to become mature; specif
MATURATION,The process of bringing, or of coming, to maturity; hence,specifically,
the process of suppurating perfectly; the formation ofpus or matter.
MATURATIVE,Conducing to ripeness or maturity; hence, conducing tosuppuration.
MATURE,To bring or hasten to maturity; to promote ripeness in; toripen; to
complete; as, to mature one's plans. Bacon.
MATURENESS,The state or quality of being mature; maturity.
MATURER,One who brings to maturity.
MATURESCENT,Approaching maturity.
MATURING,Approaching maturity; as, maturing fruits; maturing notes ofhand.
MATUTINAL,Of or pertaining to the morning; early.
MATUTINARY,Matutinal. [R.]
MATUTINE,Matutinal. [R.]
MATWEED,A name of several maritime grasses, as the sea sand-reed(Ammophila
arundinacea) which is used in Holland to bind the sand ofthe seacoast dikes (see
Beach grass, under Beach); also, the LygeumSpartum, a Mediterranean grass of
similar habit.
MATY,A native house servant in India. Balfour (Cyc. of India).
MATZOTH,A cake of unleavened bread eaten by the Jews at the feast ofthe Passover.
MAUCACO,A lemur; -- applied to several species, as the White-fronted,the ruffed,
and the ring-tailed lemurs.
MAUD,A gray plaid; -- used by shepherds in Scotland.
MAUDLE,To throw onto confusion or disorder; to render maudlin. [Obs.]
MAUDLIN,An aromatic composite herb, the costmary; also, the SouthEuropean Achillea
Ageratum, a kind of yarrow.
MAUDLINISM,A maudlin state. Dickens.
MAUDLINWORT,The oxeye daisy.
MAUGRE,To defy. [Obs.] J. Webster.
MAUKIN,A hare. [Scot.]
MAUL,A heavy wooden hammer or beetle. [Written also mall.]
MAUL-STICK,A stick used by painters as a rest for the hand while working.[Written
also mahl-stick.]
MAULE,The common mallow.
MAULING,A severe beating with a stick, cudgel, or the fist.
MAUMET,See Mawmet. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MAUNCH,To munch. [Obs.]
MAUND,A hand basket. [Obs.] Herrick.
MAUNDER,To utter in a grumbling manner; to mutter.
MAUNDERER,One who maunders.
MAUNDRIL,A pick with two prongs, to pry with.
MAUNDY THURSDAY,The Thursday in Passion week, or next before Good Friday.
MAUNGY,Mangy. [Obs.] Skelton.
MAURESQUE,See Moresque.
MAURIST,A member of the Congregation of Saint Maur, an offshoot of theBenedictines,
originating in France in the early part of theseventeenth century. The Maurists
have been distinguished for theirinterest in literature.
MAUSOLEAN,Pertaining to a mausoleum; monumental.
MAUSOLEUM,A magnificent tomb, or stately sepulchral monument.
MAUTHER,A girl; esp., a great, awkward girl; a wench. [Prov. Eng.]
MAUVANILINE,See Mauve aniline, under Mauve.
MAUVE,A color of a delicate purple, violet, or lilac. Mauve aniline(Chem.), a
dyestuff produced artificially by the oxidation ofcommercial aniline, and the first
discovered of the so-called coal-tar, or aniline, dyes. It consists of the sulphate
of mauveïne, andis a dark brown or bronze amorphous powder, which dissolves to
abeatiful purple color. Called also aniline purple, violine, etc.
MAUVEINE,An artificial organic base, obtained by oxidizing a mixture ofaniline and
toluidine, and valuable for the dyestuffs it forms.[Written also mauvine.]
MAUVINE,Mauve-colored.
MAVERICK BRAND,A brand originated by a dishonest cattleman, who, withoutowning any
stock, gradually accumulates a herd by finding mavericks.[Western U. S.]
MAVERICK,In the southwestern part of the united States, a bullock orheifer that has
not been branded, and is unclaimed or wild; -- saidto be from Maverick, the name of
a cattle owner in Texas whonaglected to brand his cattle.
MAVIS,The European throstle or song thrush (Turdus musicus).
MAW,A gull.
MAWKIN,See Malkin, and Maukin.
MAWKINGLY,Slatternly. [Obs.]
MAWKISHLY,In a mawkish way.
MAWKISHNESS,The quality or state of being mawkish. J. H. Newman.
MAWKS,A slattern; a mawk. [Prov. Eng.]
MAWKY,Maggoty. [Prov. Eng.]
MAWMET,A puppet; a doll; originally, an idol, because in the MiddleAges it was
generally believed that the Mohammedans worshiped imagesrepresenting Mohammed.
[Obs.] Wyclif. Beau. & Fl.
MAWMETRY,The religion of Mohammed; also, idolatry. See Mawmet. [Obs.]Chaucer.
MAWMISH,Nauseous. [Obs.] L' Estrange.
MAWSEED,The seed of the opium poppy.
MAXILLA,One of the lower or outer jaws of arthropods.
MAXILLIFORM,Having the form, or structure, of a maxilla.
MAXILLIPED,One of the mouth appendages of Crustacea, situated next behindthe
maxillæ. Crabs have three pairs, but many of the lower Crustaceahave but one pair
of them. Called also jawfoot, and foot jaw.
MAXILLO-MANDIBULAR,Pertaining to the maxilla and mandible; as, the maxillo-
mandibular nerve.
MAXILLO-PALATINE,Pertaining to the maxillary and palatine regions of the skull;as,
the maxillo-palatine process of the maxilla. Also used as n.
MAXILLOTURBINAL,Pertaining to the maxillary and turbinal regions of the skull.-- n.
MAXIM GUN,A kind of machine gun; -- named after its inventor, Hiram S.Maxim.
MAXIM,The longest note formerly used, equal to two longs, or fourbreves; a large.
MAXIMILIAN,A gold coin of Bavaria, of the value of about 13s. 6d.sterling, or about
three dollars and a quarter.
MAXIMIZATION,The act or process of increasing to the highest degree.Bentham.
MAXIMIZE,To increase to the highest degree. Bentham.
MAXIMUM,The greatest quantity or value attainable in a given case; or,the greatest
value attained by a quantity which first increases andthen begins to decrease; the
highest point or degree; -- opposed toAnt: minimum.Good legislation is the art of
conducting a nation to the maximum ofhappiness, and the minimum of misery. P.
Colquhoun.Maximum thermometer, a thermometer that registers the highest degreeof
temperature attained in a given time, or since its lastadjustment.
MAY,An auxiliary verb qualifyng the meaning of another verb, byexpressing: (a)
Ability, competency, or possibility; -- now oftenerexpressed by can.How may a man,
said he, with idle speech, Be won to spoil the castleof his health ! Spenser.For
what he [the king] may do is of two kinds; what he may do asjust, and what he may
do as possible. Bacon.For of all sad words of tongue or pen The saddest are these:
"Itmight have been." Whittier.(b) Liberty; permission; allowance.Thou mayst be no
longer steward. Luke xvi. 2.(c) Contingency or liability; possibility or
probability.Though what he learns he speaks, and may advance Some general maxims,or
be right by chance. Pope.(d) Modesty, courtesy, or concession, or a desire to
soften aquestion or remark.How old may Phillis be, you ask. Prior.(e) Desire or
wish, as in prayer, imprecation, benediction, and thelike. "May you live happily."
Dryden. May be, and It may be, are usedas equivalent to possibly, perhaps, by
chance, peradventure. See 1stMaybe.
MAYA,The name for the doctrine of the unreality of matter, called,in English,
idealism; hence, nothingness; vanity; illusion.
MAYAN,A form of corbel arch employing regular small corbels.
MAYBE,Perhaps; possibly; peradventure.Maybe the amorous count solicits her. Shak.In
a liberal and, maybe, somewhat reckless way. Tylor.
MAYBLOOM,The hawthorn.
MAYBUSH,The hawthorn.
MAYDUKE,A large dark-red cherry of excellent quality.
MAYFISH,A common American minnow (Fundulus majalis). See Minnow.
MAYFLOWER,In England, the hawthorn; in New England, the trailing arbutus(see
Arbutus); also, the blossom of these plants.
MAYHAP,Perhaps; peradventure. [Prov. or Dialectic]
MAYHEM,The maiming of a person by depriving him of the use of any ofhis members
which are necessary for defense or protection. See Maim.
MAYING,The celebrating of May Day. "He met her once a-Maying." Milton.
MAYONNAISE,A sauce compounded of raw yolks of eggs beaten up with oliveoil to the
consistency of a sirup, and seasoned with vinegar, pepper,salt, etc.; -- used in
dressing salads, fish, etc. Also, a dishdressed with this sauce.
MAYOR,The chief magistrate of a city or borough; the chief officer ofa municipal
corporation. In some American cities there is a citycourt of which the major is
chief judge.
MAYORAL,The conductir of a mule team; also, a head shepherd.
MAYORALTY,The office, or the term of office, of a mayor.
MAYORESS,The wife of a mayor.
MAYORSHIP,The office of a mayor.
MAYPOLE,A tall pole erected in an open place and wreathed with flowers,about which
the rustic May-day sports were had.
MAYPOP,The edible fruit of a passion flower, especially that of theNorth American
Passiflora incarnata, an oval yellowish berry as largeas a small apple.
MAYWEED,A goatlike antelope (Haplocerus montanus) which inhabits theRocky
Mountains, frequenting the highest parts; -- called alsomountain goat.
MAZARD,A kind of small black cherry.
MAZARINE,Of or pertaining to Cardinal Mazarin, prime minister of France,1643-1661.
Mazarine Bible, the first Bible, and perhaps the firstcomplete book, printed with
movable metal types; -- printed byGutenberg at Mentz, 1450-55; -- so called because
a copy was found inthe Mazarine Library, at Paris, about 1760.-- Mazarine blue, a
deep blue color, named in honor of CardinalMazarin.
MAZDEAN,Of or pertaining to Ahura-Mazda, or Ormuzd, the beneficentdeity in the
Zoroastrian dualistic system; hence, Zoroastrian.
MAZDEISM,The Zoroastrian religion.
MAZE,To perplex greatly; to bewilder; to astonish and confuse; toamaze. South.
MAZEDNESS,The condition of being mazed; confusion; astonishment. [Obs.]Chaucer.
MAZEFUL,Mazy. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
MAZER,A large drinking bowl; -- originally made of maple. [Obs.]Their brimful
mazers to the feasting bring. Drayton.
MAZILY,In a mazy manner.
MAZINESS,The state or quality of being mazy.
MAZOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to mazology.
MAZOLOGIST,One versed in mazology or mastology.
MAZOLOGY,Same as Mastology.
MAZY,Perplexed with turns and windings; winding; intricate;confusing; perplexing;
embarrassing; as, mazy error. Milton.To range amid the mazy thicket. Spenser.To run
the ring, and trace the mazy round. Dryden.
ME,One. See Men, pron. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MEACH,To skulk; to cower. See Mich.
MEACOCK,An uxorious, effeminate, or spiritless man. [Obs.] Johnson.
MEAD,A meadow.A mede All full of freshe flowers, white and reede. Chaucer.To
fertile vales and dewy meads My weary, wandering steps he leads.Addison.
MEADOW,Of or pertaining to a meadow; of the nature of a meadow;produced, growing,
or living in, a meadow. "Fat meadow ground."Milton.
MEADOWY,Of or pertaining to meadows; resembling, or consisting of,meadow.
MEAGRE,A large European sciænoid fish (Sciæna umbra or S. aquila),having white
bloodless flesh. It is valued as a food fish. [Writtenalso maigre.]
MEAK,A hook with a long handle. [Obs.] Tusser.
MEAKING,The process of picking out the oakum from the seams of a vesselwhich is to
be recalked. Meaking iron (Naut.), the tool with whichold oakum is picked out of a
vessel's seams.
MEAL,A part; a fragment; a portion. [Obs.]
MEAL-MOUTHED,See Mealy-mouthed.
MEALIES,Maize or Indian corn; -- the common name in South Africa.
MEALINESS,The quality or state of being mealy.
MEALTIME,The usual time of eating a meal.
MEALY-MOUTHED,Using soft words; plausible; affectedly or timidly delicate ofspeech;
unwilling to tell the truth in plain language. "Mealy-mouthedphilanthropies."
Tennyson.She was a fool to be mealy-mouthed where nature speaks so
plain.L'Estrange.-- Meal"y-mouth`ness, n.
MEAN,To have a purpose or intention. [Rare, except in the phrase tomean well, or
ill.] Shak.
MEAN-SPIRITED,Of a mean spirit; base; groveling.-- Mean"-spir`it*ed*ness, n.
MEANDER,Fretwork. See Fret.
MEANDRIAN,Winding; having many turns.
MEANDRINA,A genus of corals with meandering grooves and ridges, includingthe brain
corals.
MEANLY,Moderately. [Obs.]A man meanly learned himself, but not meanly affectioned
to setforward learning in others. Ascham.
MEANT,of Mean.
MEAR,A boundary. See Mere. [Obs.]
MEASE,Five hundred; as, a mease of herrings. [Prov. Eng.]
MEASELRY,Leprosy. [Obs.] R. of Brunne.
MEASLE,A leper. [Obs.] [Written also meazel, and mesel.] Wyclif (Matt.x. 8. ).
MEASLED,Infected or spotted with measles, as pork.-- Mea"sled*ness, n.
MEASLES,Leprosy; also, a leper. [Obs.]
MEASLY,Containing larval tapeworms; -- said of pork and beef.
MEASURE,The space between two bars. See Beat, Triple, Quadruple,Sextuple, Compound
time, under Compound, a., and Figure.(c) (Poetry) The manner of ordering and
combining the quantities, orlong and short syllables; meter; rhythm; hence, a foot;
as, a poem iniambic measure.
MEASURED,Regulated or determined by a standard; hence, equal; uniform;graduated;
limited; moderated; as, he walked with measured steps; heexpressed himself in no
measured terms.-- Meas"ured*ly, adv.
MEASURELESS,Without measure; unlimited; immeasurable.-- Meas"ure*less*ness, n.
MEASURER,One who measures; one whose occupation or duty is to measurecommondities
in market.
MEASURING,Used in, or adapted for, ascertaining measurements, or dividingby
measure. Measuring faucet, a faucet which permits only a givenquantity of liquid to
pass each time it is opened, or one by means ofwhich the liquid which passes can be
measured.-- Measuring worm (Zoöl.), the larva of any geometrid moth. SeeGeometrid.
MEAT,To supply with food. [Obs.] Tusser.His shield well lined, his horses meated
well. Chapman.
MEATAL,Of or pertaining to a meatus; resembling a meatus. Owen.
MEATED,A sweet liquor; mead. [Obs.] Chaucer. Milton.
MEATINESS,Quality of being meaty.
MEATLESS,Having no meat; without food."Leave these beggars meatless." Sir T. More.
MEATOSCOPE,A speculum for examining a natural passage, as the urethra.
MEATOTOME,An instrument for cutting into the urethra so as to enlarge itsorifice.
MEATUS,A natural passage or canal; as, the external auditory meatus.See Illust. of
Ear.
MEATY,Abounding in meat.
MEAW,The sea mew. [Obs.] Spenser.
MEAWL,See Mewl, and Miaul.
MEAZEL,See 1st Measle. [Obs.]
MEAZLING,Falling in small drops; mistling; mizzing. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
MEBLES,See Moebles. [Obs.]
MECATE,A rope of hair or of maguey fiber, for tying horses, etc.[Southwestern U.
S.]
MECCAWEE,Of or pertaining to Mecca, in Arabia.-- n.
MECHANICAL,A mechanic. [Obs.] Shak.
MECHANICALIZE,To cause to become mechanical.
MECHANICALLY,In a mechanical manner.
MECHANICALNESS,The state or quality of being mechanical.
MECHANICIAN,One skilled in the theory or construction of machines; amachinist.
Boyle.
MECHANICO-CHEMICAL,Pertaining to, connected with, or dependent upon, bothmechanics
and chemistry; -- said especially of those sciences whichtreat of such phenomena as
seem to depend on the laws both ofmechanics and chemistry, as electricity and
magnetism.
MECHANICS,That science, or branch of applied mathematics, which treats ofthe action
of forces on bodies.
MECHANISM,An ideal machine; a combination of movable bodies constitutinga machine,
but considered only with regard to relative movements.
MECHANIZE,To cause to be mechanical. Shelley.
MECHANOGRAPH,One of a number of copies of anything multiplied mechanically.
MECHANOGRAPHIST,An artist who, by mechanical means, multiplies copies of worksof
art.
MECHANOGRAPHY,The art of mechanically multiplying copies of a writing, or anywork
of art.
MECHANURGY,That branch of science which treats of moving machines.
MECHITARIST,One of a religious congregation of the Roman Catholic Churchdevoted to
the improvement of Armenians.
MECHLIN,A kind of lace made at, or originating in, Mechlin, in Belgium.
MECHOACAN,A species of jalap, of very feeble properties, said to beobtained from
the root of a species of Convolvulus (C. Mechoacan); --so called from Michoacan, in
Mexico, whence it is obtained.
MECKELIAN,Pertaining to, or discovered by, J. F. Meckel, a Germananatomist.
Meckelian cartilage, the cartilaginous rod which forms theaxis of the mandible; --
called also Meckel's cartilage.
MECONATE,A salt of meconic acid.
MECONIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, the poppy or opium; specif.(Chem.),
designating an acid related to aconitic acid, found in opiumand extracted as a
white crystalline substance.
MECONIDINE,An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a yellow amorphoussubstance
which is easily decomposed.
MECONIDIUM,A kind of gonophore produced by hydroids of the genusGonothyræa. It has
tentacles, and otherwise resembles a free medusa,but remains attached by a pedicel.
MECONIN,A substance regarded as an anhydride of meconinic acid,existing in opium
and extracted as a white crystalline substance.Also erroneously called meconina,
meconia, etc., as though it were analkaloid.
MECONINIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which occurs in opium,and which
may be obtained by oxidizing narcotine.
MEDAL PLAY,Play in which the score is reckoned by counting the number ofstrokes.
MEDAL,A piece of metal in the form of a coin, struck with a device,and intended to
preserve the remembrance of a notable event or anillustrious person, or to serve as
a reward.
MEDALET,A small medal.
MEDALLIC,Of or pertaining to a medal, or to medals. "Our medallichistory." Walpole.
MEDALURGY,The art of making and striking medals and coins. [Written
alsomedallurgy.]
MEDDLE,To mix; to mingle. [Obs.] Chaucer."Wine meddled with gall." Wyclif (Matt.
xxvii. 34).
MEDDLER,One who meddles; one who interferes or busies himself withthings in which
he has no concern; an officious person; a busybody.
MEDDLESOME,Given to meddling; apt to interpose in the affairs of others;officiously
intrusive.-- Med"dle*some*ness, n.
MEDDLING,Meddlesome. Macaulay.
MEDDLINGLY,In a meddling manner.
MEDE,A native or inhabitant of Media in Asia.
MEDIA,pl. of Medium.
MEDIACY,The state or quality of being mediate. Sir W. Hamilton.
MEDIAEVAL,Of or relating to the Middle Ages; as, mediæval architecture.[Written
also medieval.]
MEDIAEVALISM,The method or spirit of the Middle Ages; devotion to theinstitutions
and practices of the Middle Ages; a survival from theMiddle Ages. [Written also
medievalism.]
MEDIAEVALIST,One who has a taste for, or is versed in, the history of theMiddle
Ages; one in sympathy with the spirit or forms of the MiddleAges. [Written also
medievalist.]
MEDIAEVALLY,In the manner of the Middle Ages; in accordance withmediævalism.
MEDIAEVALS,The people who lived in the Middle Ages. Ruskin.
MEDIAL,Of or pertaining to a mean or average; mean; as, medialalligation.
MEDIALUNA,See Half-moon.
MEDIAN,Situated in the middle; lying in a plane dividing a bilateralanimal into
right and left halves; -- said of unpaired organs andparts; as, median coverts.
Median line. (a) (Anat.) Any line in themesial plane; specif., either of the lines
in which the mesial planemeets the surface of the body. (b) (Geom.) The line drawn
from anangle of a triangle to the middle of the opposite side; any linehaving the
nature of a diameter.-- Median plane (Anat.), the mesial plane.-- Median point
(Geom.), the point where the three median lines of atriangle mutually intersect.
MEDIANT,The third above the keynote; -- so called because it dividesthe interval
between the tonic and dominant into two thirds.
MEDIASTINAL,Of or pertaining to a mediastinum.
MEDIATELY,In a mediate manner; by a secondary cause or agent; notdirectly or
primarily; by means; -- opposed to immediately.God worketh all things amongst us
mediately. Sir W. Raleigh.The king grants a manor to A, and A grants a portion of
it to B. Inthis case. B holds his lands immediately of A, but mediately of theking.
Blakstone.
MEDIATENESS,The state of being mediate.
MEDIATIVE,Pertaining to mediation; used in mediation; as, mediativeefforts.
Beaconsfield.
MEDIATIZATION,The act of mediatizing.
MEDIATIZE,To cause to act through an agent or to hold a subordinateposition; to
annex; -- specifically applied to the annexation duringthe former German empire of
a smaller German state to a larger, whileallowing it a nominal sovereignty, and its
prince his rank.The misfortune of being a mediatized prince. Beaconsfield.
MEDIATOR,One who mediates; especially, one who interposes betweenparties at
variance for the purpose of reconciling them; hence, anintercessor.For there is one
God, and one mediator between God and men, the manChrist Jesus. 1 Tim. ii. 5.
MEDIATORIAL,Of or pertaining to a mediator, or to mediation; mediatory; as,a
mediatorial office.-- Me`di*a*to"ri*al*ly, adv.My measures were . . . healing and
mediatorial. Burke.
MEDIATORSHIP,The office or character of a mediator.
MEDIATORY,Mediatorial.
MEDIC,A leguminous plant of the genus Medicago. The black medic isthe Medicago
lupulina; the purple medic, or lucern, is M. sativa.
MEDICABLE,Capable of being medicated; admitting of being cured or healed.
MEDICALLY,In a medical manner; with reference to healing, or to theprinciples of
the healing art.
MEDICAMENT,Anything used for healing diseases or wounds; a medicine; ahealing
application.
MEDICAMENTAL,Of or pertaining to medicaments or healing applications; havingthe
qualities of medicaments.-- Med`ica*men"tal*ly, adv.
MEDICASTER,A quack. [R.] Whitlock.
MEDICATION,The act or process of medicating.
MEDICATIVE,Medicinal; acting like a medicine.
MEDICEAN,Of or relating to the Medici, a noted Italian family; as, theMedicean
Venus. Medicean planets (Astron.), a name given by Galileoto the satellites of
Jupiter.
MEDICINABLE,Medicinal; having the power of healing. [Obs.] Shak.
MEDICINALLY,In a medicinal manner.
MEDICINE,A physician. [Obs.] Shak. Medicine bag, a charm; -- so calledamong the
North American Indians, or in works relating to them.-- Medicine man (among the
North American Indians), a person whoprofesses to cure sickness, drive away evil
spirits, and regulate theweather by the arts of magic.-- Medicine seal, a small gem
or paste engraved with reversedcharacters, to serve as a seal. Such seals were used
by Romanphysicians to stamp the names of their medicines.
MEDICO-LEGAL,Of or pertaining to law as affected by medical facts.
MEDICOMMISSURE,A large transverse commissure in the third ventricle of thebrain;
the middle or soft commissure. B. G. Wildex.
MEDICORNU,The middle or inferior horn of each lateral ventricle of thebrain. B. G.
Wilder.
MEDICS,Science of medicine. [Obs.]
MEDIETY,The middle part; half; moiety. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MEDINA EPOCH,A subdivision of the Niagara period in the American upperSilurian,
characterized by the formations known as the Oneidaconglomerate, and the Medina
sandstone. See the Chart of Geology.
MEDINO,Same as Para.
MEDIOCRAL,Mediocre. [R.]
MEDIOCRE,Of a middle quality; of but a moderate or low degree ofexcellence;
indifferent; ordinary. " A very mediocre poet." Pope.
MEDIOCRIST,A mediocre person. [R.]
MEDIOSTAPEDIAL,Pertaining to that part of the columella of the ear which, insome
animals, connects the stapes with the other parts of thecolumella.-- n.
MEDIOXUMOUS,Intermediate. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
MEDITANCE,Meditation. [Obs.]
MEDITATE,To keep the mind in a state of contemplation; to dwell onanything in
thought; to think seriously; to muse; to cogitate; toreflect. Jer. Taylor.In his
law doth he meditate day and night. Ps. i. 2.
MEDITATIST,One who is given to meditation.
MEDITATIVE,Disposed to meditate, or to meditation; as, a meditative man;
ameditative mood.-- Med"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.-- Med"i*ta*tive*ness, n.
MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY,A two-winged fly (Ceratitis capitata) with black and
whitemarkings, native of the Mediterranean countries, but now widelydistributed.
Its larva lives in ripening oranges, peaches, and otherfruits, causing them to
decay and fall.
MEDITERRANEOUS,Inland. Sir T. Browne.
MEDIUM,See Mean.(c) (Logic) The mean or middle term of a syllogism; that by which
theextremes are brought into connection.
MEDIUM-SIZED,Having a medium size; as, a medium-sized man.
MEDIUS,The third or middle finger; the third digit, or that whichcorresponds to it.
MEDLAR,A tree of the genus Mespilus (M. Germanica); also, the fruit ofthe tree. The
fruit is something like a small apple, but has a bonyendocarp. When first gathered
the flesh is hard and austere, and itis not eaten until it has begun to decay.
Japan medlar (Bot.), theloquat. See Loquat.-- Neapolitan medlar (Bot.), a kind of
thorn tree (CratægusAzarolus); also, its fruit.
MEDLE,To mix; to mingle; to meddle. [Written also medly.] [Obs.]Chaucer.
MEDLEY,A composition of passages detached from several differentcompositions; a
potpourri.
MEDLY,See Medle. Johnson.
MEDOC,A class of claret wines, including several varieties, from thedistrict of
Médoc in the department of Gironde.
MEDREGAL,See Bonito, 3.
MEDRICK,A species of gull or tern. [Prov.] Lowell.
MEDULLA,The marrow of bones; the deep or inner portion of an organ orpart; as, the
medulla, or medullary substance, of the kidney;specifically, the medula oblongata.
MEDULLAR,See Medullary.
MEDULLARY,Filled with spongy pith; pithy. Medullary groove (Anat.), agroove, in the
epiblast of the vertebrate blastoderm, the edges ofwhich unite, making a tube (the
medullary canal) from which the brainand spinal cord are developed.-- Medullary
rays (Bot.), the rays of cellular tissue seen in atransverse section of exogenous
wood, which pass from the pith to thebark.-- Medullary sheath (Anat.), the layer of
white semifluid substance(myelin), between the primitive sheath and axis cylinder
of amedullated nerve fiber.
MEDULLATED,Furnished with a medulla or marrow, or with a medullary sheath;as, a
medullated nerve fiber.
MEDULLIN,A variety of lignin or cellulose found in the medulla, or pith,of certain
plants. Cf. Lignin, and Cellulose.
MEDUSA,The Gorgon; or one of the Gorgons whose hair was changed intoserpents, after
which all who looked upon her were turned into stone.
MEDUSIAN,A medusa.
MEDUSIFORM,Resembling a medusa in shape or structure.
MEDUSOID,Like a medusa; having the fundamental structure of a medusa,but without a
locomotive disk; -- said of the sessile gonophores ofhydroids.-- n.
MEECH,See Mich. [Obs. or Colloq.]
MEEDFUL,Worthy of meed, reward, or recompense; meritorious. "Meedfulworks." Wiclif.
MEEDFULLY,According to merit; suitably.
MEEK,To make meek; to nurture in gentleness and humility. [Obs.]Chaucer.
MEEKLY,In a meek manner. Spenser.
MEEKNESS,The quality or state of being meek.
MEER,Simple; unmixed. See Mere, a. [Obs.]
MEERKAT,A South African carnivore (Cynictis penicillata), allied to theichneumons.
MEERSCHAUM,A fine white claylike mineral, soft, and light enough when indry masses
to float in water. It is a hydrous silicate of magnesia,and is obtained chiefly in
Asia Minor. It is manufacturd into tobaccopipes, cigar holders, etc. Also called
sepiolite.
MEET,An assembling together; esp., the assembling of huntsmen forthe hunt; also,
the persons who so assemble, and the place ofmeeting.
MEETEN,To render fit. [R.]
MEETER,One who meets.
MEETH,, Mead. See Meathe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MEETINGHOUSE,A house used as a place of worship; a church; -- in England,applied
only to a house so used by Dissenters.
MEETLY,Fitly; suitably; properly.
MEETNESS,Fitness; suitableness; propriety.
MEGACEROS,The Irish elk.
MEGACHILE,A leaf-cutting bee of the genus Megachilus. See Leaf cutter,under Leaf.
MEGACOSM,See Macrocosm. Croft.
MEGACOULOMB,A million coulombs.
MEGADERM,Any one of several species of Old World blood-sucking bats ofthe genus
Megaderma.
MEGADYNE,One of the larger measures of force, amounting to one milliondynes.
MEGAFARAD,One of the larger measures of electrical capacity, amounting toone
million farads; a macrofarad.
MEGALERG,A million ergs; a megerg.
MEGALESIAN,Pertaining to, or in honor of, Cybele; as, the Megalesian gamesat Rome.
MEGALETHOSCOPE,An optical apparatus in which pictures are viewed through alarge
lens with stereoptical effects. It is often combined with thestereoscope.
MEGALITH,A large stone; especially, a large stone used in ancientbuilding.--
Meg`a*lith"ic, a.
MEGALO-,See Meg-.
MEGALOCYTE,A large, flattened corpuscle, twice the diameter of theordinary red
corpuscle, found in considerable numbers in the blood inprofound anæmia.
MEGALOMANIA,A form of mental alienation in which the patient has
grandiosedelusions.
MEGALONYX,An extinct quaternary mammal, of great size, allied to thesloth.
MEGALOPHONOUS,Having a loud voice.
MEGALOPOLIS,A chief city; a metropolis. [R.]
MEGALOPSYCHY,Greatness of soul. [Obs. & R.]
MEGAMETER,In the metric system, one million meters, or one thousandkilometers.
MEGAMPERE,A million ampères.
MEGAPHONE,A device to magnify sound, or direct it in a given direction ina greater
volume, as a very large funnel used as an ear trumpet or asa speaking trumpet.
MEGAPHYTON,An extinct genus of tree ferns with large, two-ranked leaves,or fronds.
MEGAPODE,Any one of several species of large-footed, gallinaceous birdsof the
genera Megapodius and Leipoa, inhabiting Australia and otherPacific islands. See
Jungle fowl (b) under Jungle, and Leipoa.
MEGAPOLIS,A metropolis. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
MEGASCOPE,A modification of the magic lantern, used esp. for throwing amagnified
image of an opaque object on a screen, solar or artificiallight being used.
MEGASEME,Having the orbital index relatively large; having the orbitsnarrow
transversely; -- opposed to microseme.
MEGASTHENE,One of a group which includes the higher orders of mammals,having a
large size as a typical characteristic.
MEGASTHENIC,Having a typically large size; belonging to the megasthenes.
MEGASTOME,One of a group of univalve shells, having a large aperture ormouth.
MEGATHEROID,One of a family of extinct edentates found in America. Thefamily
includes the megatherium, the megalonyx, etc.
MEGAVOLT,One of the larger measures of electro-motive force, amountingto one
million volts.
MEGAWEBER,A million webers.
MEGERG,One of the larger measures of work, amounting to one millionergs; -- called
also megalerg.
MEGOHM,One of the larger measures of electrical resistance, amountingto one million
ohms.
MEGRIM,A sudden vertigo in a horse, succeeded sometimes byunconsciousness, produced
by an excess of blood in the brain; a mildform of apoplexy. Youatt.
MEIBOMIAN,Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Meibomius. Meibomianglands, the
slender sebaceous glands of the eyelids, which discharge,through minute orifices in
the edges of the lids, a fatty secretionserving to lubricate the adjacent parts.
MEINE,See Menge.
MEIOCENE,See Miocene.
MEIONITE,A member of the scapolite, group, occuring in glassy crystalson Monte
Somma, near Naples.
MEIOSIS,Diminution; a species of hyperbole, representing a thing asbeing less than
it really is.
MEIOSTEMONOUS,Having fever stamens than the parts of the corolla.
MEISTERSINGER,See Mastersinger.
MEKHITARIST,See Mechitarist.
MELACONITE,An earthy black oxide of copper, arising from the decompositionof other
ores.
MELAENA,A discharge from the bowels of black matter, consisting ofaltered blood.
MELAIN,The dark coloring matter of the liquid of the cuttlefish.
MELAINOTYPE,See Melanotype.
MELAM,A white or buff-colored granular powder,
MELAMINE,A strong nitrogenous base, C3H6N6, produced from severalcyanogen
compounds, and obtained as a white crystalline substance, --formerly supposed to be
produced by the decomposition of melam.Called also cyanuramide.
MELAMPODE,The black hellebore. [Obs.] Spenser.
MELANAEMIA,A morbid condition in which the blood contains black pigmenteither
floating freely or imbedded in the white blood corpuscles.
MELANAGOGUE,A medicine supposed to expel black bile or choler. [Obs.]
MELANCHOLIA,A kind of mental unsoundness characterized by extremedepression of
spirits, ill-grounded fears, delusions, and broodingover one particular subject or
train of ideas.
MELANCHOLIAN,A person affected with melancholy; a melancholic. [Obs.] Dr. J.Scott.
MELANCHOLIC,Given to melancholy; depressed; melancholy; dejected; unhappy.Just as
the melancholic eye Sees fleets and armies in the sky. Prior.
MELANCHOLILY,In a melancholy manner.
MELANCHOLINESS,The state or quality of being melancholy. Hallywell.
MELANCHOLIOUS,Melancholy. [R.] Milton.
MELANCHOLIST,One affected with melancholy or dejection. [Obs.] Glanvill.
MELANCHOLIZE,To become gloomy or dejected in mind. Barrow.
MELANCONIACEAE,A family of fungi constituting the order Melanconiales.
--Mel`an*co`ni*a"ceous (#), a.
MELANCONIALES,The smallest of the three orders of Fungi Imperfecti, includingthose
with no asci nor pycnidia, but as a rule having the spores incavities without
special walls. They cause many of the plant diseasesknown as anthracnose.
MELANESIAN,Of or pertaining to Melanesia.
MELANGE,A mixture; a medley.
MELANIAN,One of a family of fresh-water pectinibranchiate mollusks,having a turret-
shaped shell.
MELANIC,Of or pertaining to the black-haired races. Prichard.
MELANILINE,A complex nitrogenous hydrocarbon obtained artificially (as bythe action
of cyanogen chloride on aniline) as a white, crystallinesubstance; -- called also
diphenyl guanidin.
MELANIN,A black pigment found in the pigment-bearing cells of the skin(particularly
in the skin of the negro), in the epithelial cells ofthe external layer of the
retina (then called fuscin), in the outerlayer of the choroid, and elsewhere. It is
supposed to be derivedfrom the decomposition of hemoglobin.
MELANISM,A disease; black jaundice. See Mel.
MELANISTIC,Affected with melanism; of the nature of melanism.
MELANITE,A black variety of garnet.
MELANOCHROI,A group of the human race, including the dark whites.
MELANOCHROIC,Having a dark complexion; of or pertaining to the Melanochroi.
MELANOCHROITE,A mineral of a red, or brownish or yellowish red color. It is
achromate of lead; -- called also phoenicocroite.
MELANOCOMOUS,Having very dark or black hair; black-haired. Prichard.
MELANORRHOEA,An East Indian genus of large trees. Melanorrhoea usitatissimais the
lignum-vitæ of Peru, and yelds a valuable black varnish.
MELANOSCOPE,An instrument containing a combination of colored glasses suchthat they
transmit only red light, so that objects of other colors,as green leaves, appear
black when seen through it. It is used forviewing colored flames, to detect the
presence of potassium, lithium,etc., by the red light which they emit.
MELANOSIS,The morbid deposition of black matter, often of a malignantcharacter,
causing pigmented tumors.
MELANOSPERM,An alga of any kind that produces blackish spores, or seeddust. The
melanosperms include the rockweeds and all kinds of kelp.-- Mel`a*no*sper"mous, a.
MELANOTIC,, Melanistic.
MELANOTYPE,A positive picture produced with sensitized collodion on asmooth surface
of black varnish, coating a thin plate of iron; also,the process of making such a
picture. [Written also melainotype.]
MELANTERITE,A hydrous sulphate of iron of a green color and vitreousluster; iron
vitriol.
MELANURE,A small fish of the Mediterranean; a gilthead. See Gilthead(a).
MELANURIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acidobtained by
decomposition of melam, or of urea, as a whitecrystalline powder; -- called also
melanurenic acid.
MELAPHYRE,Any one of several dark-colored augitic, eruptive rocks alliedto basalt.
MELASMA,A dark discoloration of the skin, usually local; as, Addison'smelasma, or
Addison's disease.-- Me*las"mic, a.
MELASSES,See Molasses.
MELASSIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from molassesor glucose,
and probably identical with saccharic acid. SeeSaccharic.
MELASTOMA,A genus of evergreen tropical shrubs; -- so called from theblack berries
of some species, which stain the mouth.
MELASTOMACEOUS,Belonging to the order of which Melastoma is the type.
MELCHITE,One of a sect, chiefly in Syria and Egypt, which acknowledgesthe authority
of the pope, but adheres to the liturgy and ceremoniesof the Eastern Church.
MELD,In the game of pinochle, to declare or announce for a score;as, to meld a
sequence.
MELEAGRINE,Of or pertaining to the genus Meleagris.
MELEAGRIS,A genus of American gallinaceous birds, including the commonand the wild
turkeys.
MELEE,A fight in which the combatants are mingled
MELENA,See Mel.
MELENE,An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C30H60, of the ethylene series,obtained from
beeswax as a white, scaly, crystalline wax; -- calledalso melissene, and
melissylene.
MELENITE,An explosive of great destructive power; -- so called from itscolor, which
resembles honey.
MELETIN,See Quercitin.
MELEZITOSE,A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose, extracted from themanna of
the larch (Larix). [Written also melicitose.]
MELIACEOUS,Pertaining to a natural order (Meliacæ) of plants of which thegenus
Melia is the type. It includes the mahogany and the Spanishcedar.
MELIC GRASS,A genus of grasses (Melica) of little agricultural importance.
MELIC,Of or pertaining to song; lyric; tuneful.
MELICEROUS,Consisting of or containing matter like honey; -- said ofcertain
encysted tumors.
MELICOTOON,See Melocoton.
MELICRATORY,A meadlike drink. [Obs.]
MELILITE,A mineral occurring in small yellow crystals, found in thelavas (melilite
basalt) of Vesuvius, and elsewhere. [Written alsomellilite.]
MELILOT,Any species of Melilotus, a genus of leguminous herbs having avanillalike
odor; sweet clover; hart's clover. The blue melilot(Melilotus cærulea) is used in
Switzerland to give color and flavorto sapsago cheese.
MELILOTIC,Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sweet clover or meliot;specifically,
designating an acid of the aromatic series, obtainedfrom melilot as a white
crystalline substance.
MELINITE,A high explosive similar to lyddite, consisting principally ofpicric acid,
used in the French military service.
MELIORATE,To make better; to improve; to ameliorate; to soften; to makemore
tolerable.Nature by art we nobly meliorate. Denham.The pure and bening light of
revelation has had a melioratinginfluence on mankind. Washington.
MELIORATER,Same as Meliorator.
MELIORATION,The act or operation of meliorating, or the state of beingmeliorated;
improvement. Bacon.
MELIORATOR,One who meliorates.
MELIORISM,The doctrine that there is a tendency throughout nature
towardimprovement. J. Sully.
MELIORITY,The state or quality of being better; melioration. [Obs.]Bacon.
MELIPHAGAN,Belonging to the genus Meliphaga.
MELIPHAGOUS,Eating, or feeding upon, honey.
MELISSA,A genus of labiate herbs, including the balm, or bee balm(Melissa
officinalis).
MELISSIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, beeswax; specif., denoting anacid obtained
by oxidation of myricin.
MELISSYL,See Myricyl.
MELISSYLENE,See Melene.
MELITOSE,A variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, extracted from cottonseeds and
from the so-called Australian manna (a secretion of certainspecies of Eucalyptus).
MELL,To mix; to meddle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MELLATE,A mellitate. [R.]
MELLAY,A mêlée; a conflict. Tennyson.
MELLIC,See Mellitic. [R.]
MELLIFEROUS,Producing honey.
MELLIFIC,Producing honey.
MELLIFICATION,The making or production of honey.
MELLIFLUENCE,A flow of sweetness, or a sweet, smooth flow.
MELLIFLUENT,Flowing as with honey; smooth; mellifluous.
MELLIFLUENTLY,In a mellifluent manner.
MELLIFLUOUS,Flowing as with honey; smooth; flowing sweetly or smoothly; as,a
mellifluous voice.-- Mel*lif"lu*ous*ly, adv.
MELLIGENOUS,Having the qualities of honey. [R.]
MELLIGO,Honeydew.
MELLILOQUENT,Speaking sweetly or harmoniously.
MELLIPHAGAN,See Meliphagan.
MELLIPHAGOUS,See Meliphagous.
MELLITATE,A salt of mellitic acid.
MELLITE,A mineral of a honey color, found in brown coal, and partly theresult of
vegetable decomposition; honeystone. It is a mellitate ofalumina.
MELLONE,A yellow powder, C6H3N9, obtained from certain sulphocyanates.It has acid
properties and forms compounds called mellonides.
MELLONIDE,See Mellone.
MELLOW,To make mellow. Shak.If the Weather prove frosty to mellow it [the ground],
they do notplow it again till April. Mortimer.The fervor of early feeling is
tempered and mellowed by the ripenessof age. J. C. Shairp.
MELLOWLY,In a mellow manner.
MELLOWNESS,Quality or state of being mellow.
MELLOWY,Soft; unctuous. Drayton.
MELLUCO,A climbing plant (Ullucus officinalis) of the Andes, havingtuberous roots
which are used as a substitute for potatoes.
MELNE,A mill. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MELODEON,A kind of small reed organ; -- a portable form of theseraphine.
MELODIC,Of the nature of melody; relating to, containing, or made upof, melody;
melodious.
MELODICS,The department of musical science which treats of the pitch oftones, and
of the laws of melody.
MELODIOGRAPH,A contrivance for preserving a record of music, by recordingthe action
of the keys of a musical instrument when played upon.
MELODIOUS,Containing, or producing, melody; musical; agreeable to the earby a sweet
succession of sounds; as, a melodious voice. "A melodiousvoice." "A melodious
undertone." Longfellow.-- Me*lo"di*ous*ly, adv.-- Me*lo"di*ous*ness, n.
MELODIST,A composer or singer of melodies.
MELODIZE,To make melodious; to form into, or set to, melody.
MELODRAMA,Formerly, a kind of drama having a musical accompaniment tointensify the
effect of certain scenes. Now, a drama abounding inromantic sentiment and agonizing
situations, with a musicalaccompaniment only in parts which are especially
thrilling orpathetic. In opera, a passage in which the orchestra plays a
somewhatdescriptive accompaniment, while the actor speaks; as, the melodramain the
gravedigging scene of Beethoven's "Fidelio".
MELODRAMATIC,Of or pertaining to melodrama; like or suitable to a
melodrama;unnatural in situation or action.-- Mel`o*dra*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
MELODRAMATIST,One who acts in, or writes, melodramas.
MELODRAME,Melodrama.
MELODY,A rhythmical succession of single tones, ranging for the mostpart within a
given key, and so related together as to form a musicalwhole, having the unity of
what is technically called a musicalthought, at once pleasing to the ear and
characteristic inexpression.
MELOE,A genus of beetles without wings, but having short oval elytra;the oil
beetles. These beetles are sometimes used instead ofcantharides for raising
blisters. See Oil beetle, under Oil.
MELOGRAPH,Same as Melodiograph.
MELOLONTHIDIAN,A beetle of the genus Melolontha, and allied genera. See Maybeetle,
under May.
MELON,The juicy fruit of certain cucurbitaceous plants, as themuskmelon,
watermelon, and citron melon; also, the plant thatproduces the fruit.
MELOPIANO,A piano having a mechanical attachment which enables the playerto prolong
the notes at will.
MELOPLASTIC,Of or pertaining to meloplasty, or the artificial formation ofa new
cheek.
MELOPLASTY,The process of restoring a cheek which has been destroyedwholly or in
part.
MELOPOEIA,The art of forming melody; melody; -- now often used for amelodic
passage, rather than a complete melody.
MELOTYPE,A picture produced by a process in which development afterexposure may be
deferred indefinitely, so as to permit transportationof exposed plates; also, the
process itself.
MELPOMENE,The Muse of tragedy.
MELROSE,Honey of roses.
MELT,See 2d Milt.
MELTABLE,Capable of being melted.
MELTER,, One who, or that which, melts.
MELTING,Liquefaction; the act of causing (something) to melt, or theprocess of
becoming melted. Melting point (Chem.), the degree oftemperature at which a solid
substance melts or fuses; as, themelting point of ice is 0º Centigrade or 32º
Fahr., that of urea is132º Centigrade.-- Melting pot, a vessel in which anything is
melted; a crucible.
MELTON,A kind of stout woolen cloth with unfinished face and withoutraised nap. A
commoner variety has a cotton warp.
MELUNGEON,One of a mixed white and Indian people living in parts ofTennessee and
the Carolinas. They are descendants of earlyintermixtures of white settlers with
natives. In North Carolina theCroatan Indians, regarded as descended from Raleigh's
lost colony ofCroatan, formerly classed with negroes, are now legally recognized
asdistinct.
MEM-SAHIB,Lady; mistress; -- used by Hindustani-speaking natives in Indiain
addressing European women.
MEMBER,To remember; to cause to remember; to mention. [Obs.]
MEMBERED,Having legs of a different tincture from that of the body; --said of a
bird in heraldic representations.
MEMBRAL,Relating to a member.
MEMBRANACEOUS,Thin and rather soft or pliable, as the leaves of the rose,peach
tree, and aspen poplar.
MEMBRANE,A thin layer or fold of tissue, usually supported by a fibrousnetwork,
serving to cover or line some part or organ, and oftensecreting or absorbing
certain fluids.
MEMBRANEOUS,See Membranous.
MEMBRANIFEROUS,Having or producing membranes.
MEMBRANIFORM,Having the form of a membrane or of parchment.
MEMBRANOLOGY,The science which treats of membranes.
MEMBRANOUS,Membranaceous. Membranous croup (Med.), true croup. See Croup.
MEMENTO MORI,Lit., remember to die, i.e., that you must die; a warning to
beprepared for death; an object, as a death's-head or a personalornament, usually
emblematic, used as a reminder of death.
MEMENTO,A hint, suggestion, token, or memorial, to awaken memory; thatwhich reminds
or recalls to memory; a souvenir.Seasonable mementos may be useful. Bacon.
MEMINNA,A small deerlet, or chevrotain, of India.
MEMNON,A celebrated Egyptian statue near Thebes, said to have theproperty of
emitting a harplike sound at sunrise.
MEMOIRIST,A writer of memoirs.
MEMORABILIA,Things remarkable and worthy of remembrance or record; also,the record
of them.
MEMORABILITY,The quality or state of being memorable.
MEMORABLE,Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.--
Mem"o*ra*ble*ness, n.-- Mem"o*ra*bly, adv.Surviving fame to gain, Buy tombs, by
books, by memorable deeds. SirJ. Davies.
MEMORANDUM,A brief or informal note in writing of some transaction, or anoutline of
an intended instrument; an instrument drawn up in a briefand compendious form.
Memorandum check, a check given as anacknowledgment of indebtedness, but with the
understanding that itwill not be presented at bank unless the maker fails to take
it up onthe day the debt becomes due. It usually has Mem. written on itsface.
MEMORATE,To commemorate. [Obs.]
MEMORATIVE,Commemorative. [Obs.] Hammond.
MEMORIA,Memory. Memoria technica, technical memory; a contrivance foraiding the
memory.
MEMORIAL DAY,A day, May 30, appointed for commemorating, by decorating theirgraves
with flowers, by patriotic exercises, etc., the dead soldiersand sailors who served
the Civil War (1861-65) in the United States;Decoration Day. It is a legal holiday
in most of the States. In theSouthern States, the Confederate Memorial Day is: May
30 in Virginia;April 26 in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi; May 10
inNorth Carolina and South Carolina; the second Friday in May inTennessee; June 3
in Louisiana. [U. S.]
MEMORIAL ROSE,A Japanese evergreen rose (Rosa wichuraiana) with creepingbranches,
shining leaves, and single white flowers. It is oftenplanted in cemeteries.
MEMORIAL,A species of informal state paper, much used in negotiation.
MEMORIALIST,One who writes or signs a memorial.
MEMORIALIZE,To address or petition by a memorial; to present a memorial to;as, to
memorialize the legislature. T. Hook.
MEMORIALIZER,One who petitions by a memorial. T. Hook.
MEMORIST,One who, or that which, causes to be remembered. [Obs.]
MEMORITER,By, or from, memory.
MEMPHIAN,Of or pertaining to the ancient city of Memphis in Egypt;hence, Egyptian;
as, Memphian darkness.
MEN,pl. of Man.
MEN-PLEASER,One whose motive is to please men or the world, rather thanGod. Eph.
vi. 6.
MENACCANITE,An iron-black or steel-gray mineral, consisting chiefly of theoxides of
iron and titanium. It is commonly massive, but occurs alsoin rhombohedral crystals.
Called also titanic iron ore, and ilmenite.
MENACE,The show of an intention to inflict evil; a threat orthreatening; indication
of a probable evil or catastrophe to come.His (the pope's) commands, his rebukes,
his menaces. Milman.The dark menace of the distant war. Dryden.
MENACER,One who menaces.
MENACINGLY,In a threatening manner.
MENAGE,See Manage.
MENAGOGUE,Emmenagogue.
MENAION,A work of twelve volumes, each containing the offices in theGreek Church
for a month; also, each volume of the same. Shipley.
MEND,To grow better; to advance to a better state; to becomeimproved. Shak.
MENDABLE,Capable of being mended.
MENDELIAN CHARACTER,A character which obeys Mendel's law in regard to itshereditary
transmission.
MENDELIAN,Pert. to Mendel, or to Mendel's law. -- Men*de"li*an*ism (#),Men*del"ism
(#), n.
MENDER,One who mends or repairs.
MENDIANT,See Mendinant. [Obs.]
MENDICANCY,The condition of being mendicant; beggary; begging. Burke.
MENDICANT,Practicing beggary; begging; living on alms; as, mendicantfriars.
Mendicant orders (R. C. Ch.), certain monastic orders whichare forbidden to acquire
landed property and are required to besupported by alms, esp. the Franciscans, the
Dominicans, theCarmelites, and the Augustinians.
MENDICATE,To beg. [R.] Johnson.
MENDICATION,The act or practice of begging; beggary; mendicancy. Sir T.Browne.
MENDICITY,The practice of begging; the life of a beggar; mendicancy. Rom.of R.
MENDINANT,A mendicant or begging friar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MENDMENT,Amendment. [Obs.]
MENDOLE,The cackerel.
MENDREGAL,Medregal.
MENDS,See Amends. [Obs.] Shak.
MENGE,To mix. [Obs.] Spenser.
MENHADEN,An American marine fish of the Herring familt (Brevoortiatyrannus),
chiefly valuable for its oil and as a component offertilizers; -- called also
mossbunker, bony fish, chebog, pogy,hardhead, whitefish, etc.
MENHIR,A large stone set upright in olden times as a memorial ormonument. Many, of
unknown date, are found in Brittany and throughoutNorthern Europe.
MENIAL,A disease characterized by deafness and vertigo, resulting inincoördination
of movement. It is supposed to depend upon a morbidcondition of the semicircular
canals of the internal ear. Named afterMénière, a French physician.
MENILITE,See Opal.
MENINGEAL,Of or pertaining to the meninges.
MENINGES,The three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord; thepia mater,
dura mater, and arachnoid membrane.
MENINGITIS,Inflammation of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord.Cerebro-spinal
meningitis. See under Cerebro-spinal.
MENISCAL,Pertaining to, or having the form of, a meniscus.
MENISCOID,Concavo-convex, like a meniscus.
MENISCUS,A lens convex on one side and concave on the other.
MENISPERMACEOUS,Pertaining to a natural order (Menispermaceæ) of climbingplants of
which moonseed (Menispermum) is the type.
MENISPERMIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, moonseed (Menispermum), orother plants
of the same family, as the Anamirta Cocculus.
MENISPERMINE,An alkaloid distinct from picrotoxin and obtained from thecocculus
indicus (the fruit of Anamirta Cocculus, formerlyMenispermum Cocculus) as a white,
crystalline, tasteless powder; --called also menispermina.
MENIVER,Same as Miniver.
MENOPAUSE,The period of natural cessation of menstruation. See Change oflife, under
Change.
MENOSTASIS,Stoppage of the mences.
MENOSTATION,Same as Menostasis.
MENOW,A minnow.
MENSAL,Belonging to the table; transacted at table; as, mensaconversation.
MENSE,Manliness; dignity; comeliness; civility. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]-- Mense"ful,
a.-- Mense"less, a.
MENSES,The catamenial or menstrual discharge, a periodic flow of bloodor bloody
fluid from the uterus or female generative organs.
MENSTRUANT,Subject to monthly flowing or menses.
MENSTRUATE,Menstruous. [Obs.]
MENSTRUATION,The discharge of the menses; also, the state or the period
ofmenstruating.
MENSTRUE,The menstrual flux; menses. [Obs.]
MENSTRUUM,Any substance which dissolves a solid body; a solvent.The proper
menstruum to dissolve metal. Bacon.All liquors are called menstruums which are used
as dissolvents, orto extract the virtues of ingredients by infusion or
decoction.Quincy.
MENSURABILITY,The quality of being mensurable.
MENSURABLE,Capable of being measured; measurable.
MENSURABLENESS,The quality or state of being mensurable; measurableness.
MENSURAL,Of or pertaining to measure.
MENSURATE,To measure. [Obs.]
MENT,of Menge.
MENTAGRA,Sycosis.
MENTAL,Of or pertaining to the chin; genian; as, the mental nerve; themental
region.
MENTALITY,Quality or state of mind. "The same hard mentality." Emerson.
MENTALLY,In the mind; in thought or meditation; intellectually; in idea.
MENTHA,A widely distributed genus of fragrant herbs, including thepeppermint,
spearmint, etc. The plants have small flowers, usuallyarranged in dense axillary
clusters.
MENTHENE,A colorless liquid hydrocarbon resembling oil of turpentine,obtained by
dehydrating menthol. It has an agreeable odor and acooling taste.
MENTHOL,A white, crystalline, aromatic substance resembling camphor,extracted from
oil of peppermint (Mentha); -- called also mintcamphor or peppermint camphor.
MENTHYL,A compound radical forming the base of menthol.
MENTICULTURAL,Of or pertaining to mental culture; serving to improve orstrengthen
the mind. [R.]
MENTION,A speaking or notice of anything, -- usually in a brief orcursory manner.
Used especially in the phrase to make mention of.I will make mention of thy
righteousness. Ps. lxxi. 16.And sleep in dull, cold marble, where no mention Of me
more must beheard of. Shak.
MENTIONABLE,Fit to be mentioned.
MENTOMECKELIAN,Of or pertaining to the chin and lower jaw.-- n.
MENTOR,A wise and faithful counselor or monitor.
MENTORIAL,Containing advice or admonition.
MENTUM,The front median plate of the labium in insects. See Labium.
MENU,The details of a banquet; a bill of fare.
MENUSE,See Amenuse. [Obs.]
MEOW,See 6th and 7th Mew.
MEPHISTOPHELIAN,Pertaining to, or resembling, the devil Mephistopheles, "acrafty,
scoffing, relentless fiend;" devilish; crafty.
MEPHITIS,A genus of mammals, including the skunks.
MEPHITISM,Same as Mephitis, 1.
MERACIOUS,Being without mixture or adulteration; hence, strong; racy.[Obs.]
MERCABLE,Capable of being bought or sold. [Obs.]
MERCANTILE,Of or pertaining to merchants, or the business of merchants;having to do
with trade, or the buying and selling of commodities;commercial.The expedition of
the Argonauts was partly mercantile, partlymilitary. Arbuthnot.Mercantile agency,
an agency for procuring information of thestanding and credit of merchants in
different parts of the country,for the use of dealers who sell to them.--
Mercantile marine, the persons and vessels employed in commerce,taken
collectively.-- Mercantile paper, the notes or acceptances given by merchants
forgoods bought, or received on consignment; drafts on merchants forgoods sold or
consigned. McElrath.
MERCAPTAL,Any one of a series of compounds of mercaptans with aldehydes.
MERCAPTAN,Any one of series of compounds, hydrosulphides of alcoholradicals, in
composition resembling the alcohols, but containingsulphur in place of oxygen, and
hence called also the sulphuralcohols. In general, they are colorless liquids
having a strong,repulsive, garlic odor. The name is specifically applied to
ethylmercaptan, C2H5SH. So called from its avidity for mercury, and othermetals.
MERCAPTIDE,A compound of mercaptan formed by replacing its sulphurhydrogen by a
metal; as, potassium mercaptide, C2H5SK.
MERCAT,Market; trade. [Obs.] Bp. Sprat.
MERCATANTE,A foreign trader. [Obs.] Shak.
MERCATURE,Commerce; traffic; trade. [Obs.]
MERCE,To subject to fine or amercement; to mulct; to amerce. [Obs.]
MERCENARIA,The quahog.
MERCENARIAN,A mercenary. [Obs.]
MERCENARILY,In a mercenary manner.
MERCENARINESS,The quality or state of being mercenary; venality. Boyle.
MERCENARY,One who is hired; a hireling; especially, a soldier hired intoforeign
service. Milman.
MERCER,Originally, a dealer in any kind of goods or wares; nowrestricted to a
dealer in textile fabrics, as silks or woolens.[Eng.]
MERCERIZE,To treat (cotton fiber or fabrics) with a solution of causticalkali. Such
treatment causes the fiber to shrink in length andbecome stronger and more
receptive of dyes. If the yarn or cloth iskept under tension during the process, it
assumes a silky luster. --Mer`cer*i*za"tion (#), n.
MERCERSHIP,The business of a mercer.
MERCERY,The trade of mercers; the goods in which a mercer deals.
MERCHAND,To traffic. [Obs.] Bacon.
MERCHANDISABLE,Such as can be used or transferred as merchandise.
MERCHANDISE,To trade; to carry on commerce. Bacon.
MERCHANDISER,A trader. Bunyan.
MERCHANDRY,Trade; commerce. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
MERCHANT,Of, pertaining to, or employed in, trade or merchandise; as,the merchant
service. Merchant bar, Merchant iron or steel, certaincommon sizes of wrought iron
and steel bars.-- Merchant service, the mercantile marine of a country. Am. Cyc.--
Merchant ship, a ship employed in commerce.-- Merchant tailor, a tailor who keeps
and sells materials for thegarments which he makes.
MERCHANTABLE,Fit for market; such as is usually sold in market, or such aswill
bring the ordinary price; as, merchantable wheat; sometimes, atechnical designation
for a particular kind or class.
MERCHANTLY,Merchantlike; suitable to the character or business of amerchant. [Obs.]
Gauden.
MERCIABLE,Merciful. [Obs.]
MERCIFY,To pity. [Obs.] Spenser.
MERCILESS,Destitute of mercy; cruel; unsparing; -- said of animatebeings, and also,
figuratively, of things; as, a merciless tyrant;merciless waves.The foe is
merciless, and will not pity. Shak.
MERCURAMMONIUM,A radical regarded as derived from ammonium by the substitutionof
mercury for a portion of the hydrogen.
MERCURIAL,Caused by the use of mercury; as, mercurial sore mouth.
MERCURIALISM,The morbid condition produced by the excessive use of mercury,or by
exposure to its fumes, as in mining or smelting.
MERCURIALIST,A physician who uses much mercury, in any of its forms, in
hispractice.
MERCURIALIZE,To affect with mercury.
MERCURIALLY,In a mercurial manner.
MERCURIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containingmercury; -- said of
those compounds of mercury into which thiselement enters in its lowest proportion.
Mercuric chloride, corrosivesublimate. See Corrosive.
MERCURIFICATION,The process or operation of obtaining the mercury, in its
fluidform, from mercuric minerals.
MERCURISM,A communication of news; an announcement. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MERCUROUS,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mercury; containingmercury; -- said
of those compounds of mercury in which it is presentin its highest proportion.
Mercurous chloride. (Chem.) See Calomel.
MERCURY,A Latin god of commerce and gain; -- treated by the poets asidentical with
the Greek Hermes, messenger of the gods, conductor ofsouls to the lower world, and
god of eloquence.
MERD,Ordure; dung. [Obs.] Burton.
MERE,A pool or lake. Drayton. Tennyson.
MERENCHYMA,Tissue composed of spheroidal cells.
MERESMAN,An officer who ascertains meres or boundaries. [Eng.]
MERESTEAD,The land within the boundaries of a farm; a farmstead or farm.[Archaic.]
Longfellow.
MERESTONE,A stone designating a limit or boundary; a landmark. Bacon.
MERGANSER,Any bird of the genus Merganser, and allied genera. They areallied to the
ducks, but have a sharply serrated bill.
MERGE,To cause to be swallowed up; to immerse; to sink; to absorb.To merge all
natural ... sentiment in inordinate vanity. Burke.Whig and Tory were merged and
swallowed up in the transcendent dutiesof patriots. De Quincey.
MERGER,An absorption of one estate, or one contract, in another, or ofa minor
offense in a greater.
MERICARP,One carpel of an umbelliferous fruit. See Cremocarp.
MERIDE,A permanent colony of cells or plastids which may remainisolated, like
Rotifer, or may multiply by gemmation to form higheraggregates, termed zoides.
Perrier.
MERIDIAN,A great circle of the sphere passing through the poles of theheavens and
the zenith of a given place. It is crossed by the sun atmidday.
MERIDIONALLY,In the direction of the meridian.
MERILS,A boy's play, called also fivepenny morris. See Morris.
MERINGUE,A delicate pastry made of powdered sugar and the whites of eggswhipped up,
-- with jam or cream added.
MERINO,A breed of sheep originally from Spain, noted for the finenessof its wool.
MERISMATIC,Dividing into cells or segments; characterized by separationinto two or
more parts or sections by the formation of internalpartitions; as, merismatic
growth, where one cell divides into many.
MERISTEM,A tissue of growing cells, or cells capable of furtherdivision.
MERIT,To acquire desert; to gain value; to receive benefit; toprofit. [Obs.] Beau.
& Fl.
MERITABLE,Deserving of reward. [R.]
MERITEDLY,By merit; deservedly.
MERITMONGER,One who depends on merit for salvation. [Obs.] Milner.
MERITORIOUS,Possessing merit; deserving of reward or honor; worthy ofrecompense;
valuable.And meritorious shall that hand be called, Canonized, and worshipedas a
saint. Shak.-- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ly, adv.-- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ness, n.
MERITORY,Meritorious. [Obs.]
MERITOT,A play of children, in swinging on ropes, or the like, tillthey are dizzy.
MERK,An old Scotch silver coin; a mark or marc. [Scot.]
MERKE,Murky. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
MERKIN,Originally, a wig; afterwards, a mop for cleaning cannon.
MERLIN,A small European falcon (Falco lithofalco, or F. æsalon).
MERLING,The European whiting.
MERLON,One of the solid parts of a battlemented parapet; a battlement.See Illust.
of Battlement.
MERLUCE,The European hake; -- called also herring hake and sea pike.
MERMAID,A fabled marine creature, typically represented as having theupper part
like that of a woman, and the lower like a fish; a seanymph, sea woman, or woman
fish.
MERMAN,The male corresponding to mermaid; a sea man, or man fish.
MEROBLAST,An ovum, as that of a mammal, only partially composed ofgerminal matter,
that is, consisting of both a germinal portion andan albuminous or nutritive one;
-- opposed to holoblast.
MEROBLASTIC,Consisting only in part of germinal matter; characterized bypartial
segmentation only; as, meroblastic ova, in which a portion ofthe yolk only
undergoes fission; meroblastic segmentation; -- opposedto holoblastic.
MEROCELE,Hernia in the thigh; femoral hernia .
MEROISTIC,Applied to the ovaries of insects when they secretevitelligenous cells,
as well as ova.
MEROPIDAN,One of a family of birds (Meropidæ), including the bee-eaters.
MEROPODITE,The fourth joint of a typical appendage of Crustacea.
MERORGANIZATION,Organization in part. [R.]
MEROS,The plain surface between the channels of a triglyph. [Writtenalso merus.]
Weale.
MEROSOME,One of the serial segments, or metameres, of which the bodiesof vertebrate
and articulate animals are composed.
MEROSTOMATA,A class of Arthropoda, allied to the Crustacea. It includes
thetrilobites, Eurypteroidea, and Limuloidea. All are extinct except thehorseshoe
crabs of the last group. See Limulus.
MEROU,See Jack, 8 (c).
MEROVINGIAN,Of or pertaining to the first Frankish dynasty in Gaul orFrance.-- n.
MEROZOITE,A form of spore, usually elongate or falciform, and somewhatamoboid,
produced by segmentation of the schizonts of certainSporozoa, as the malaria
parasite.
MERRILY,In a merry manner; with mirth; with gayety and laughter;jovially. See
Mirth, and Merry.Merrily sing, and sport, and play. Granville.
MERRIMAKE,See Merrymake, n.
MERRIMENT,Gayety, with laughter; mirth; frolic. "Follies and lightmerriment."
Spenser.Methought it was the sound Of riot and ill-managed merriment. Milton.
MERRINESS,The quality or state of being merry; merriment; mirth; gayety,with
laughter.
MERRY,A kind of wild red cherry.
MERRY-ANDREW,One whose business is to make sport for others; a buffoon; azany;
especially, one who attends a mountebank or quack doctor.
MERRY-GO-ROUND,Any revolving contrivance for affording amusement; esp., a ringof
flying hobbyhorses.
MERRYMAKE,Mirth; frolic; a meeting for mirth; a festival. [Written alsomerrimake.]
MERRYMAKER,One who makes merriment or indulges in conviviality; a jovialcomrade.
MERRYMAKING,Making or producing mirth; convivial; jolly.
MERRYMEETING,A meeting for mirth.
MERRYTHOUGHT,The forked bone of a fowl's breast; -- called also wishbone.See
Furculum.
MERSION,Immersion [R.] Barrow.
MERULIDAN,A bird of the Thrush family.
MERUS,See Meros.
MERVAILLE,Marvel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MES-,See Meso-.
MESA,A high tableland; a plateau on a hill. [Southwestern U.S.]Bartlett.
MESACONATE,A salt of mesaconic acid.
MESACONIC,Pertaining to, or designating, one of several isomeric acidsobtained from
citric acid.
MESAD,Same as Mesiad.
MESAL,Same as Mesial.
MESALLIANCE,A marriage with a person of inferior social position; amisalliance.
MESALLY,Same as Mesially.
MESARAIC,Mesenteric.
MESATICEPHALIC,Having the ratio of the length to the breadth of the cranium amedium
one; neither brachycephalic nor dolichocephalic.
MESATICEPHALOUS,Mesaticephalic.
MESCAL,A distilled liquor prepared in Mexico from a species of agave.See Agave.
MESDAMES,pl. of Madame and Madam.
MESEEMS,It seems to me. [Poetic]
MESEL,A leper. [Obs.]
MESELRY,Leprosy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM,A genus of herbaceous or suffruticose plants, chiefly nativesof
South Africa. The leaves are opposite, thick, and f
MESENCEPHALIC,Of or pertaining to the mesencephalon or midbrain.
MESENCEPHALON,The middle segment of the brain; the midbrain. Sometimesabbreviated
to mesen. See Brain.
MESENCHYMA,The part of the mesoblast which gives rise to the connectivetissues and
blood.
MESENTERIC,Pertaining to a mesentery; mesaraic.
MESENTERON,All that part of the alimentary canal which is developed fromthe
primitive enteron and is lined with hypoblast. It isdistinguished from the stomod,
a part at the anterior end of thecanal, including the cavity of the mouth, and the
proctod, a part atthe posterior end, which are formed by invagination and are
linedwith epiblast.
MESENTERY,The membranes, or one of the membranes (consisting of a fold ofthe
peritoneum and inclosed tissues), which connect the intestinesand their appendages
with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity.The mesentery proper is connected with
the jejunum and ilium, theother mesenteries being called mesoc, mesocolon,
mesorectum, etc.
MESERAIC,Mesaraic.
MESETHMOID,Of or pertaining to the middle of the ethmoid region or ethmoidbone.--
n. (Anat.)
MESH,The engagement of the teeth of wheels, or of a wheel and rack.Mesh stick, a
stick on which the mesh is formed in netting.
MESHED,Mashed; brewed. [Obs.] Shak.
MESHY,Formed with meshes; netted.
MESIAD,Toward, or on the side toward, the mesial plane; mesially; --opposed to
laterad.
MESIAL,Middle; median; in, or in the region of, the mesial plane;internal; --
opposed to lateral. Mesial plane. (Anat.) See Meson.
MESIALLY,In, near, or toward, the mesial plane; mesiad.
MESITYL,A hypothetical radical formerly supposed to exist in mesityloxide. Mesityl
oxide (Chem.), a volatile liquid having the odor ofpeppermint, obtained by certain
dehydrating agents from acetone; --formerly called also dumasin.
MESITYLENATE,A salt of mesitylenic acid.
MESITYLENE,A colorless, fragrant liquid, C6H3(CH3)3, of the benzene seriesof
hydrocarbons, obtained by distilling acetone with sulphuric acid.--
Me*sit`y*len"ic, a.
MESITYLOL,A crystalline substance obtained from mesitylene.
MESLIN,See Maslin.
MESMEREE,A person subjected to mesmeric influence; one who ismesmerized. [R.]
MESMERISM,The art of inducing an extraordinary or abnormal state of thenervous
system, in which the actor claims to control the actions, andcommunicate directly
with the mind, of the recipient. See Animalmagnetism, under Magnetism.
MESMERIST,One who practices, or believes in, mesmerism.
MESMERIZATION,The act of mesmerizing; the state of being mesmerized.
MESMERIZE,To bring into a state of mesmeric sleep.
MESMERIZER,One who mesmerizes.
MESNE,Middle; intervening; as, a mesne lord, that is, a lord whoholds land of a
superior, but grants a part of it to another person,in which case he is a tenant to
the superior, but lord or superior tothe second grantee, and hence is called the
mesne lord. Mesneprocess, intermediate process; process intervening between
thebeginning and end of a suit, sometimes understood to be the wholeprocess
preceding the execution. Blackstone. Burrill.-- Mesne profits, profits of premises
during the time the owner hasbeen wrongfully kept out of the possession of his
estate. Burrill.
MESOARIUM,The fold of peritoneum which suspends the ovary from the dorsalwall of
the body cavity.
MESOBLASTIC,Relating to the mesoblast; as, the mesoblastic layer.
MESOBRANCHIAL,Of or pertaining to a region of the carapace of a crab coveringthe
middle branchial region.
MESOBRONCHIUM,The main bronchus of each lung.
MESOCAECUM,The fold of peritoneum attached to the cæcum.-- Mes`o*cæ"cal, a.
MESOCARP,The middle layer of a pericarp which consists of three distinctor
dissimilar layers. Gray.
MESOCEPHALON,The pons Varolii.
MESOCEPHALOUS,Mesocephalic.
MESOCOLON,The fold of peritoneum, or mesentery, attached to the colon.--
Mes`o*col"ic, a.
MESOCORACOID,A process from the middle of the coracoid in some animals.
MESODERMAL,Pertaining to, or derived from, the mesoderm; as, mesodermaltissues.
MESODERMIC,Same as Mesodermal.
MESODONT,Having teeth of moderate size.
MESOGASTER,The fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach with the dorsalwall of the
abdominal cavity; the mesogastrium.
MESOGASTRIC,Of or pertaining to the middle gastric lobe of the carapace ofa crab.
MESOGASTRIUM,A thin gelatinous tissue separating the ectoderm and endodermin
certain coelenterates.-- Mes`o*gloeal, a.
MESOGNATHOUS,Having the jaws slightly projecting; between prognathous
andorthognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.
MESOHEPAR,A fold of the peritoneum connecting the liver with the dorsalwall of the
abdominal cavity.
MESOHIPPUS,An extinct mammal of the Horse family, but not larger than asheep, and
having three toes on each foot.
MESOLABE,An instrument of the ancients for finding two meanproportionals between
two given lines, required in solving theproblem of the duplication of the cube.
Brande & C.
MESOLE,Same as Thomsonite.
MESOLITE,A zeolitic mineral, grayish white or yellowish, occuring indelicate groups
of crystals, also fibrous massive. It is a hydroussilicate of alumina, lime, and
soda.
MESOLOGARITHM,A logarithm of the cosine or cotangent. [Obs.] Kepler. Hutton.
MESOMETRIUM,The fold of the peritoneum supporting the oviduct.
MESOMYCETES,One of the three classes into which the fungi are divided inBrefeld's
classification. -- Mes`o*my*ce"tous (#), a.
MESOMYODIAN,A bird having a mesomyodous larynx.
MESOMYODOUS,Having the intrinsic muscles of the larynx attached to themiddle of the
semirings.
MESON,The mesial plane dividing the body of an animal into similarright and left
halves. The line in which it meets the dorsal surfacehas been called the
dorsimeson, and the corresponding ventral edgethe ventrimeson. B. G. Wilder.
MESONASAL,Of or pertaining to the middle portion of the nasal region.
MESONEPHRIC,Of or pertaining to the mesonephros; as, the mesonephric, orWolffian,
duct.
MESONEPHROS,The middle one of the three pairs of embryonic renal organsdeveloped in
most vertebrates; the Wolffian body.
MESONOTUM,The dorsal portion of the mesothorax of insects.
MESOPHLOEUM,The middle bark of a tree; the green layer of bark, usuallysoon covered
by the outer or corky layer, and obliterated.
MESOPHRYON,See Glabella.
MESOPHYLLUM,The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two surfaces.Gray.
MESOPLAST,The nucleus of a cell; mesoblast. Agassix.
MESOPODIAL,Of or pertaining to the mesopodialia or to the parts of thelimbs to
which they belong.
MESOPODIALE,One of the bones of either the carpus or tarsus.
MESOPODIUM,The middle portion of the foot in the Gastropoda and Pteropoda.
MESOPTERYGIUM,The middle one of the three principal basal cartilages in thefins of
fishes.-- Me*sop`ter*yg"i*al, a.
MESORCHIUM,The fold of peritoneum which attaches the testis to the dorsalwall of
the body cavity or scrotal sac.
MESORECTUM,The fold of peritoneum, or mesentery, attached to the rectum.--
Mes`o*rec"tal, a.
MESORHINE,Having the nose of medium width; between leptorhine andplatyrhine.
MESOSAURIA,Same as Mosasauria.
MESOSCAPULA,A process from the middle of the scapula in some animals; thespine of
the scapula.
MESOSCAPULAR,Of or pertaining to the mesoscapula.
MESOSCUTUM,The scutum or dorsal plate of the middle thoracic segment of aninsect.
See Illust. of Butterfly.
MESOSEME,Having a medium orbital index; having orbits neither broad nornarrow;
between megaseme and microseme.
MESOSIDERITE,See the Note under Meteorite.
MESOSPERM,A membrane of a seed. See Secundine.
MESOSTATE,A product of metabolic action.
MESOSTERNAL,Of or pertaining to the mesosternum.
MESOSTERNUM,The middle portion, or body, of the sternum.
MESOTARTARIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid called also inactivetartaric
acid.
MESOTHECA,The middle layer of the gonophore in the Hydrozoa.
MESOTHELIUM,Epithelial mesoderm; a layer of cuboidal epithelium cells,formed from a
portion of the mesoderm during the differetiation ofthe germ layers. It constitutes
the boundary of the coelum.
MESOTHORACIC,Of or pertaining to the mesothorax.
MESOTHORAX,The middle segment of the thorax in insects. See Illust. ofColeoptera.
MESOTHORIUM,A radioactive product intermediate between thorium andradiothorium,
with a period of 5.5 years.
MESOTROCHAL,Having the middle of the body surrounded by bands of cilia; --said of
the larvæ of certain marine annelids.
MESOTYPE,An old term covering natrolite or soda mesolite, scolecite orlime
mesotype, and mesolite or lime-soda mesotype.
MESOVARIUM,The fold of peritoneum connecting the ovary with the wall ofthe
abdominal cavity.
MESOXALATE,A salt of mesoxalic acid.
MESOXALIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, CH2O2(CO2H)2, obtainedfrom amido
malonic acid.
MESOZOA,A group of very lowly organized, wormlike parasites, includingthe
Dicyemata. They are found in cephalopods. See Dicyemata.
MESOZOIC,Belonging, or relating, to the secondary or reptilian age, orthe era
between the Paleozoic and Cenozoic. See Chart of Geology.
MESPRISE,Misadventure; ill-success. [Obs.] Spenser.
MESQUITE BEAN,The pod or seed of the mesquite.
MESS BEEF,Barreled salt beef, packed with about 80 pounds chuck and rump,two
flanks, and the rest plates.
MESS,Mass; church service. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MESSAGE STICK,A stick, carved with lines and dots, used, esp. by
Australianaborigines, to convey information.
MESSAGE,To bear as a message. [Obs.]
MESSAGER,A messenger. [Obs.]
MESSENGER,A hawser passed round the capstan, and having its two endslashed together
to form an endless rope or chain; -- formerly usedfor heaving in the cable.
MESSET,A dog. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
MESSIAD,A German epic poem on the Messiah, by Klopstock.
MESSIAH,The expected king and deliverer of the Hebrews; the Savior;Christ.And told
them the Messiah now was born. Milton.
MESSIAHSHIP,The state or office of the Messiah.
MESSIANIC,Of or relating to the Messiah; as, the Messianic office orcharacter.
MESSIAS,The Messiah.I know that Messias cometh, which is called Christ. John iv.
25.
MESSIDOR,The tenth month of the French republican calendar dating fromSeptember 22,
1792. It began June 19, and ended July 18. SeeVendÉmiaire.
MESSIEURS,Sirs; gentlemen; -- abbreviated to Messrs., which is used asthe plural of
Mr.
MESSINESE,Of or pertaining to Messina, or its inhabitans.
MESSMATE,An associate in a mess.
MESSUAGE,A dwelling house, with the adjacent buildings and curtilage,and the
adjoining lands appropriated to the use of the household.Cowell. Bouvier.They
wedded her to sixty thousand pounds, To lands in Kent, andmessuages in York.
Tennyson.
MEST,Most. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MESTEE,The offspring of a white person and a quadroon; -- so called inthe West
Indies. [Written also mustee.]
MESTER,See Mister, a trade.
MESTINO,See Mestizo.
MESTIZO,The offspring of an Indian or a negro and a European or personof European
stock. [Spanish America] Mestizo wool, wool imported fromSouth America, and
produced by mixed breeds of sheep.
MESTLING,A kind of brass. See Maslin. [Obs.]
MESYMNICUM,A repetition at the end of a stanza.
MET,of Meet.
METABASIS,A transition from one subject to another.
METABOLIAN,An insect which undergoes a metamorphosis.
METABOLIC,Of or pertaining to metamorphosis; pertaining to, or involving,change.
METABOLISIS,Metabolism. [R.]
METABOLISM,The act or process, by which living tissues or cells take upand convert
into their own proper substance the nutritive materialbrought to them by the blood,
or by which they transform their cellprotoplasm into simpler substances, which are
fitted either forexcretion or for some special purpose, as in the manufacture of
thedigestive ferments. Hence, metabolism may be either constructive(anabolism), or
destructive (katabolism).
METABOLITE,A product of metabolism; a substance produced by metabolicaction, as
urea.
METABOLIZE,To change by a metabolic process. See Metabolism.
METABRANCHIAL,Of or pertaining to the lobe of the carapace of crabs coveringthe
posterior branchiæ.
METACARPAL,Of or pertaining to the metacarpus.-- n.
METACARPUS,That part of the skeleton of the hand or forefoot between thecarpus and
phalanges. In man it consists of five bones. See Illust.of Artiodactyla.
METACETONE,A colorless liquid of an agreeable odor, C6H10O, obtained bydistilling a
mixture of sugar and lime; -- so called because formerlyregarded as a polymeric
modification of acetone.
METACHLORAL,A white, amorphous, insoluble substance regarded as a polymericvariety
of chloral.
METACHRONISM,An error committed in chronology by placing an event after itsreal
time.
METACHROSIS,The power og changing color at will by the expansion of specialpigment
cells, under nerve influence, as seen in many reptiles,fishes, etc. Cope.
METACINNABARITE,Sulphide of mercury in isometric form and black in color.
METACISM,A defect in pronouncing the letter m, or a too frequent use ofit.
METACROLEIN,A polymeric modification of acrolein obtained by heating itwith caustic
potash. It is a crystalline substance having an aromaticodor.
METACROMION,A process projecting backward and downward from the acromion ofthe
scapula of some mammals.
METADISCOIDAL,Discoidal by derivation; -- applied especially to the placentaof man
and apes, because it is supposed to have been derived from adiffused placenta.
METAGASTRIC,Of or pertaining to the two posterior gastric lobes of thecarapace of
crabs.
METAGENESIS,The change of form which one animal species undergoes in aseries of
successively produced individuals, extending from the onedeveloped from the ovum to
the final perfected individual. Hence,metagenesis involves the production of sexual
individuals bynonsexual means, either directly or through intervening
sexlessgenerations. Opposed to monogenesis. See Alternate generation,
underGeneration.
METAGENETIC,Of or pertaining to metagenesis.
METAGENIC,Metagenetic.
METAGNATHOUS,Cross-billed; -- said of certain birds, as the crossbill.
METAGRAMMATISM,Anagrammatism.
METAGRAPHIC,By or pertaining to metagraphy.
METAGRAPHY,The art or act of rendering the letters of the alphabet of onelanguage
into the possible equivalents of another; transliteration.Stormonth.
METAL,An elementary substance, as sodium, calcium, or copper, whoseoxide or
hydroxide has basic rather than acid properties, ascontrasted with the nonmetals,
or metalloids. No sharp line can bedrawn between the metals and nonmetals, and
certain elements partakeof both acid and basic qualities, as chromium, manganese,
bismuth,etc.
METALAMMONIUM,A hypothetical radical derived from ammonium by thesubstitution of
metallic atoms in place of hydrogen.
METALBUMIN,A form of albumin found in ascitic and certain serous fluids.It is
sometimes regarded as a mixture of albumin and mucin.
METALDEHYDE,A white crystalline substance isomeric with, and obtained from,acetic
aldehyde by polymerization, and reconvertible into the same.
METALEPSIS,The continuation of a trope in one word through a succession
ofsignifications, or the union of two or more tropes of a differentkind in one
word.
METALEPSY,Exchange; replacement; substitution; metathesis. [R.]
METALEPTIC,Of, pertaining to, concerned in, or occurring by, metalepsy.
METALEPTICAL,Metaleptic.-- Met`a*lep"tic*al*ly, adv.
METALLIC,Of, pertaining to, or characterized by, the essential andimplied
properties of a metal, as contrasted with a nonmetal ormetalloid; basic; antacid;
positive. Metallic iron, iron in the stateof the metal, as distinquished from its
ores, as magnetic iron.-- Metallic paper, paper covered with a thin solution of
lime,whiting, and size. When written upon with a pewter or brass pencil,the lines
can hardly be effaced.-- Metallic tinking (Med.), a sound heard in the chest, when
acavity communicating with the air passages contains both air andliquid.
METALLICAL,See Metallic. [Obs.]
METALLICLY,In a metallic manner; by metallic means.
METALLIFACTURE,The production and working or manufacture of metals. [R.] R.Park.
METALLIFEROUS,Producing metals; yielding metals.
METALLIFORM,Having the form or structure of a metal.
METALLINE,A substance of variable composition, but resembling a soft,dark-colored
metal, used in the bearings of machines for obviatingfriction, and as a substitute
for lubricants.
METALLIST,A worker in metals, or one skilled in metals.
METALLIZATION,The act or process of metallizing. [R.]
METALLIZE,To impart metallic properties to; to impregnate with a metal.[R.]
METALLOCHROME,A coloring produced by the deposition of some metalliccompound;
specifically, the prismatic tints produced by depositing afilm of peroxide of lead
on polished steel by electricity.
METALLOCHROMY,The art or process of coloring metals.
METALLOGRAPH,A print made by metallography.
METALLOGRAPHIC,Pertaining to, or by means of, metallography.
METALLOGRAPHIST,One who writes on the subject of metals.
METALLOID,Having the properties of a nonmetal; nonmetallic; acid;negative.
METALLOIDAL,Metalloid.
METALLORGANIC,Metalorganic.
METALLOTHERAPY,Treatment of disease by applying metallic plates to the surfaceof
the body.
METALLURGIST,One who works in metals, or prepares them for use; one who isskilled
in metallurgy.
METALLURGY,The art of working metals, comprehending the whole process ofseparating
them from other matters in the ore, smelting, refining,and parting them; sometimes,
in a narrower sense, only the process ofextracting metals from their ores.
METALMAN,A worker in metals.
METALOGICAL,Beyond the scope or province of logic.
METALORGANIC,Pertaining to, or denoting, any one of a series of compounds ofcertain
metallic elements with organic radicals; as, zinc methyl,sodium ethyl, etc.
[Written also metallorganic.]
METAMER,Any one of several metameric forms of the same substance, or ofdifferent
substances having the same composition; as, xylene hasthree metamers, viz.,
orthoxylene, metaxylene, and paraxylene.
METAMERE,One of successive or homodynamous parts in animals and plants;one of a
series of similar parts that follow one another in avertebrate or articulate
animal, as in an earthworm; a segment; asomite. See Illust. of Loeven's larva.
METAMERIC,Having the same elements united in the same proportion byweight, and with
the same molecular weight, but possessing adifferent structure and different
properties; as, methyl ether andethyl alcohol are metameric compounds. See
Isomeric.
METAMERICALLY,In a metameric manner.
METAMERISM,The symmetry of a metameric structure; serial symmetry; thestate of
being made up of metameres.
METAMORPHIC,Pertaining to, produced by, or exhibiting, certain changeswhich
minerals or rocks may have undergone since their originaldeposition; -- especially
applied to the recrystallization whichsedimentary rocks have undergone through the
influence of heat andpressure, after which they are called metamorphic rocks.
METAMORPHISM,The state or quality of being metamorphic; the process by whichthe
material of rock masses has been more or less recrystallized byheat, pressure,
etc., as in the change of sedimentary limestone tomarble. Murchison.
METAMORPHIST,One who believes that the body of Christ was merged into theDeity when
he ascended.
METAMORPHIZE,To metamorphose.
METAMORPHOSE,To change into a different form; to transform; to transmute.And earth
was metamorphosed into man. Dryden.
METAMORPHOSER,One who metamorphoses. [R.] Gascoigne.
METAMORPHOSIC,Changing the form; transforming. [R.] Pownall.
METAMORPHOSIS,A change in the form or function of a living organism, by anatural
process of growth or development; as, the metamorphosis ofthe yolk into the embryo,
of a tadpole into a frog, or of a bud intoa blossom. Especially, that form of
sexual reproduction in which anembryo undergoes a series of marked changes of
external form, as thechrysalis stage, pupa stage, etc., in insects. In these
intermediatestages sexual reproduction is usually impossible, but they
ultimatelypass into final and sexually developed forms, from the union of
whichorganisms are produced which pass through the same cycle of changes.See
Transformation.
METANAUPLIUS,A larval crustacean in a stage following the nauplius, andhaving about
seven pairs of appendages.
METANEPHRITIC,Of or pertaining to the metanephros.
METANEPHROS,The most posterior of the three pairs of embryonic renal
organsdeveloped in many vertebrates.
METANOTUM,The dorsal portion of the metaphorax of insects.
METANTIMONATE,A salt of metantimonic acid.
METAPECTIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a supposed acid obtained frompectin.
METAPECTIN,A substance obtained from, and resembling, pectin, andoccurring in
overripe fruits.
METAPEPTONE,An intermediate product formed in the gastric digestion ofalbuminous
matter.
METAPHOR,The transference of the relation between one set of objects toanother set
for the purpose of brief explanation; a compressedsimile; e. g., the ship plows the
sea. Abbott & Seeley. "All theworld's a stage." Shak.
METAPHORIST,One who makes metaphors.
METAPHOSPHATE,A salt of metaphosphoric acid.
METAPHOSPHORIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a monobasic acid, HPO3,analogous to
nitric acid, and, by heating phosphoric acid, obtainedas a crystalline substance,
commonly called glacial phosphoric acid.
METAPHRASED,Translated literally.
METAPHRASIS,Metaphrase.
METAPHRAST,A literal translator.
METAPHYSIC,See Metaphysics.
METAPHYSICALLY,In the manner of metaphysical science, or of a metaphysician.South.
METAPHYSICIAN,One who is versed in metaphysics.
METAPHYSIS,Change of form; transformation.
METAPLASM,A change in the letters or syllables of a word.
METAPLAST,A word having more than one form of the root.
METAPODE,The posterior division of the foot in the Gastropoda andPteropoda.
METAPODIAL,Of or pertaining to the metapodialia, or to the parts of thelimbs to
which they belong.
METAPODIALE,One of the bones of either the metacarpus or metatarsus.
METAPODIUM,Same as Metapode.
METAPOPHYSIS,A tubercle projecting from the anterior articular processes ofsome
vertebræ; a mammillary process.
METAPTERYGIUM,The posterior of the three principal basal cartilages in thefins of
fishes.-- Me*tap`ter*yg"i*al, a.
METASILICATE,A salt of metasilicic acid.
METASILICIC,Designating an acid derived from silicic acid by the removal ofwater;
of or pertaining to such an acid.
METASOMATISM,An alteration in a mineral or rock mass when involving achemical
change of the substance, as of chrysolite to serpentine; --opposed to ordinary
metamorphism, as implying simply arecrystallization.-- Met`a*so*mat"ic, a.
METASOME,One of the component segments of the body of an animal.
METASTANNATE,A salt of metastannic acid.
METASTANNIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a compound of tin (metastannicacid),
obtained, as an isomeric modification of stannic acid, in theform of a white
amorphous substance.
METASTASIS,A spiritual change, as during baptism.
METASTATIC,Of, pertaining to, or caused by, metastasis; as, a metastaticabscess;
the metastatic processes of growth.
METASTERNAL,Of or pertaining to the metasternum.
METASTERNUM,The most posterior element of the sternum; the ensiformprocess;
xiphisternum.
METATARSAL,Of or pertaining to the metatarsus.-- n.
METATARSE,Metatarsus.
METATARSUS,That part of the skeleton of the hind or lower limb between thetarsus
and phalanges; metatarse. It consists, in the human foot, offive bones. See
Illustration in Appendix.
METATE,A flat or somewhat hollowed stone upon which grain or otherfood is ground,
by means of a smaller stone or pestle. [SouthwesternU. S. & Sp. Amer.]
METATHESIS,Transposition, as of the letters or syllables of a word; as,pistris for
pristis; meagre for meager.
METATHORACIC,Of or pertaining to the metathorax.
METATHORAX,The last or posterior segment of the thorax in insects. SeeIllust. of
Coleoptera.
METATITANIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid of titaniumanalogous to
metasilicic acid.
METATUNGSTATE,A salt of metatungstic acid.
METATUNGSTIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid known only in itssalts (the
metatungstates) and properly called polytungstic, orpyrotungstic, acid.
METAVANADATE,A salt of metavanadic acid.
METAVANADIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a vanadic acid analogous
tometaphosphoric acid.
METAXYLENE,That variety of xylene, or dimethyl benzene, in which the twomethyl
groups occupy the meta position with reference to each other.It is a colorless inf
METAYAGE,A system of farming on halves. [France & Italy]
METAYER,One who cultivates land for a share (usually one half) of itsyield,
receiving stock, tools, and seed from the landlord. [France &Italy] Milman.
METAZOA,Those animals in which the protoplasmic mass, constituting theegg, is
converted into a multitude of cells, which are metamorphosedinto the tissues of the
body. A central cavity is commonly developed,and the cells around it are at first
arranged in two layers, -- theectoderm and endoderm. The group comprises nearly all
animals exceptthe Protozoa.
METAZOAN,One of the Metazoa.
METAZOIC,Of or pertaining to the Metazoa.
METE,Meat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
METECORN,A quantity of corn formerly given by the lord to his customarytenants, as
an encouragement to, or reward for, labor and faithfulservice.
METELY,According to measure or proportion; proportionable;proportionate. [Obs.]
METEMPIRICISM,The science that is concerned with metempirics.
METEMPIRICS,The concepts and relations which are conceived as beyond, andyet as
related to, the knowledge gained by experience.
METEMPSYCHOSE,To translate or transfer, as the soul, from one body toanother. [R.]
Peacham.
METEMPSYCHOSIS,The passage of the soul, as an immortal essence, at the deathof the
animal body it had inhabited, into another living body,whether of a brute or a
human being; transmigration of souls. Sir T.Browne.
METEMPTOSIS,The suppression of a day in the calendar to prevent the date ofthe new
moon being set a day too late, or the suppression of thebissextile day once in 134
years. The opposite to this is theproemptosis, or the addition of a day every 330
years, and anotherevery 2,400 years.
METENCEPHALON,The posterior part of the brain, including the medulla;
theafterbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to meten.
METENSOMATOSIS,The assimilation by one body or organism of the elements ofanother.
METEORICAL,Meteoric.
METEORISM,Flatulent distention of the abdomen; tympanites.
METEORITE,A mass of stone or iron which has fallen to the earth fromspace; an
aërolite.
METEORIZE,To ascend in vapors; to take the form of a meteor. Evelyn.
METEOROGRAPH,An instrument which registers meteorologic phases orconditions.
METEOROGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to meteorography.
METEOROGRAPHY,The registration of meteorological phenomena.
METEOROID,A small body moving through space, or revolving about the sun,which on
entering the earth's atmosphere would be deflagrated andappear as a meteor.These
bodies [small, solid bodies] before they come into the air, Icall meteoroids. H. A.
Newton.
METEOROIDAL,Of or pertaining to a meteoroid or to meteoroids.
METEOROLITE,A meteoric stone; an aërolite; a meteorite.
METEOROLOGIST,A person skilled in meteorology.
METEOROLOGY,The science which treats of the atmosphere and its
phenomena,particularly of its variations of heat and moisture, of its winds,storms,
etc.
METEOROMANCY,A species of divination by meteors, chiefly by thunder andlightning,
which was held in high estimation by the Romans.
METEOROMETER,An apparatus which transmits automatically to a central
stationatmospheric changes as marked by the anemometer, barometer,thermometer, etc.
METEOROUS,Of the nature or appearance of a meteor.
METER,A line above or below a hanging net, to which the net isattached in order to
strengthen it.
METERAGE,The act of measuring, or the cost of measuring.
METERGRAM,A measure of energy or work done; the power exerted in raisingone gram
through the distance of one meter against gravitation.
METEWAND,A measuring rod. Ascham.
METEYARD,A yard, staff, or rod, used as a measure. [Obs.] Shak.
METH,See Meathe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
METHAEMOGLOBIN,A stable crystalline compound obtained by the decomposition
ofhemoglobin. It is found in old blood stains.
METHAL,A white waxy substance, found in small quantities in spermacetias an
ethereal salt of several fatty acids, and regarded as analcohol of the methane
series.
METHANE,A light, colorless, gaseous, inflammable hydrocarbon, CH4;marsh gas. See
Marsh gas, under Gas. Methane series (Chem.), a seriesof saturated hydrocarbons, of
which methane is the first member andtype, and (because of their general chemical
inertness andindifference) called also the paraffin (little affinity) series.
Thelightest members are gases, as methane, ethane; intermediate membersare liquids,
as hexane, heptane, etc. (found in benzine, kerosene,etc.); while the highest
members are white, waxy, or fatty solids, asparaffin proper.
METHANOMETER,An instrument, resembling a eudiometer, to detect the presenceand
amount of methane, as in coal mines.
METHEGLIN,A fermented beverage made of honey and water; mead. Gay.
METHENE,See Methylene.
METHENYL,The hypothetical hydrocarbon radical CH, regarded as anessential residue
of certain organic compounds.
METHIDE,A binary compound of methyl with some element; as, aluminiummethide,
Al2(CH3)6.
METHINKS,It seems to me; I think. See Me. [R., except in poetry.]In all ages poets
have been had in special reputation, and, methinks,not without great cause.
Spenser.
METHIONATE,A salt of methionic acid.
METHIONIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic (thionic) acidderivative
of methane, obtained as a stable white crystallinesubstance, CH2.(SO3H)2, which
forms well defined salts.
METHOD,Classification; a mode or system of classifying natural objectsaccording to
certain common characteristics; as, the method ofTheophrastus; the method of Ray;
the Linnæan method.
METHODIOS,The art and principles of method.
METHODISM,The system of doctrines, polity, and worship, of the sectcalled
Methodists. Bp. Warburton.
METHODIST,One of a sect of Christians, the outgrowth of a smallassociation called
the "Holy Club," formed at Oxford University, A.D.1729, of which the most
conspicuous members were John Wesley and hisbrother Charles; -- originally so
called from the methodicalstrictness of members of the club in all religious
duties.
METHODIZATION,The act or process of methodizing, or the state of beingmethodized.
METHODIZE,To reduce to method; to dispose in due order; to arrange in aconvenient
manner; as, to methodize one's work or thoughts.Spectator.
METHODIZER,One who methodizes.
METHODOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to methodology.
METHODOLOGY,The science of method or arrangement; a treatise on method.Coleridge.
METHOL,The technical name of methyl alcohol or wood spirit; also, byextension, the
class name of any of the series of alcohols of themethane series of which methol
proper is the type. See Methylalcohol, under Methyl.
METHOUGHT,of Methinks.
METHOXYL,A hypothetical radical, CH3O, analogous to hydroxyl.
METHYL,A hydrocarbon radical, CH3, not existing alone but regarded asan essential
residue of methane, and appearing as a component part ofmany derivatives; as,
methyl alcohol, methyl ether, methyl amine,etc. [Formerly written also methule,
methyle, etc.] Methyl alcohol(Chem.), a light, volatile, inflammable liquid,
CH3.OH, obtained bythe distillation of wood, and hence called wood spirit; --
calledalso methol, carbinol, etc.-- Methyl amine (Chem.), a colorless, inflammable,
alkaline gas,CH3.NH2, having an ammoniacal, fishy odor. It is producedartificially,
and also occurs naturally in herring brine and otherfishy products. It is regarded
as ammonia in which a third of itshydrogen is replaced by methyl, and is a type of
the class ofsubstituted ammonias.-- Methyl ether (Chem.), a light, volatile ether
CH3.O.CH3, obtainedby the etherification of methyl alcohol; -- called also methyl
oxide.-- Methyl green. (Chem.) See under Green, n.-- Methyl orange. (Chem.) See
Helianthin.-- Methyl violet (Chem.), an artificial dye, consisting of certainmethyl
halogen derivatives of rosaniline.
METHYLAL,A light, volatile liquid, H2C(OCH3)2, regarded as a complexether, and
having a pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by thepartial oxidation of methyl
alcohol. Called also formal.
METHYLAMINE,See Methyl amine, under Methyl.
METHYLATE,An alcoholate of methyl alcohol in which the hydroxyl hydrogenis replaced
by a metal, after the analogy of a hydrate; as, sodiummethylate, CH3ONa.
METHYLATED,Impregnated with, or containing, methyl alcohol or wood spirit;as,
methylated spirits.
METHYLENE,A hydrocarbon radical, CH2, not known in the free state, butregarded as
an essential residue and component of certain derivativesof methane; as, methylene
bromide, CH2Br2; -- formerly called alsomethene. Methylene blue (Chem.), an
artificial dyestuff consisting ofa complex sulphur derivative of diphenyl amine; --
called also pureblue.
METHYLIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, methyl;specifically,
designating methyl alcohol. See under Methyl.
METHYSTICIN,A white, silky, crystalline substance extracted from the thickrootstock
of a species of pepper (Piper methysticum) of the South SeaIslands; -- called also
kanakin.
METIC,A sojourner; an immigrant; an alien resident in a Grecian city,but not a
citizen. Mitford.The whole force of Athens, metics as well as citizens, and all
thestrangers who were then in the city. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
METICULOUS,Timid; fearful.-- Me*tic"u*lous*ly, adv.
METIER,Calling; vocation; business; trade.
METOL,A whitish soluble powder used as a developer in photography.Chemically, it is
the sulphate of methyl-p-amino-m-cresol.
METONIC,Pertaining to, or discovered by, Meton, the Athenian. Metoniccycle or year.
(Astron.) See under Cycle.
METONYMY,A trope in which one word is put for another that suggests it;as, we say,
a man keeps a good table instead of good provisions; weread Virgil, that is, his
poems; a man has a warm heart, that is,warm affections.
METOPE,The space between two triglyphs of the Doric frieze, which,among the
ancients, was often adorned with carved work. See Illust.of Entablature.
METOPIC,Of or pertaining to the forehead or frontal bones; frontal; as,the metopic
suture.
METOPOMANCY,Fortune telling by physiognomy. [R.] Urquhart.
METOPOSCOPIST,One versed in metoposcopy.
METOPOSCOPY,The study of physiognomy; the art of discovering the characterof
persons by their features, or the lines of the face.
METOSTEON,The postero-lateral ossification in the sternum of birds; also,the part
resulting from such ossification.
METRE,See Meter.
METRIC SYSTEM,See Metric, a.
METRIC TON,A weight of 1,000 kilograms, or 2,204.6 pounds avoirdupois.
METRICALLY,In a metrical manner.
METRICIAN,A composer of verses. [Obs.]
METRIFICATION,Composition in metrical form; versification. [R.] Tennyson.
METRIFY,To make verse. [R.] Skelton.
METRIST,A maker of verses. Bale.Spenser was no mere metrist, but a great composer.
Lowell.
METRITIS,Inflammation of the womb.
METROCHROME,An instrument for measuring colors.
METROGRAPH,An instrument attached to a locomotive for recording its speedand the
number and duration of its stops.
METROLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to metrology.
METROLOGY,The science of, or a system of, weights and measures; also, atreatise on
the subject.
METROMANIA,A mania for writing verses.
METROMANIAC,One who has metromania.
METROMETER,An instrument for measuring the size of the womb. Knight.
METRONOME,An instrument consisting of a short pendulum with a slidingweight. It is
set in motion by clockwork, and serves to measure timein music.
METRONOMY,Measurement of time by an instrument.
METRONYMIC,Derived from the name of one's mother, or other femaleancestor; as, a
metronymic name or appellation.-- A metronymic appellation.
METROPOLE,A metropolis. [Obs.] Holinshed.
METROPOLIS,The seat, or see, of the metropolitan, or highest churchdignitary.The
great metropolis and see of Rome. Shak.
METROPOLITAN,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a metropolitan or thepresiding
bishop of a country or province, his office, or hisdignity; as, metropolitan
authority. "Bishops metropolitan." Sir T.More.
METROPOLITANATE,The see of a metropolitan bishop. Milman.
METROPOLITE,A metropolitan. Barrow.
METROPOLITICAL,Of or pertaining to a metropolis; being a metropolis;metropolitan;
as, the metropolitical chair. Bp. Hall.
METRORRHAGIA,Profuse bleeding from the womb, esp. such as does not occur atthe
menstrual period.
METROSCOPE,A modification of the stethoscope, for directly auscultatingthe uterus
from the vagina.
METROSIDEROS,A myrtaceous genus of trees or shrubs, found in Australia andthe South
Sea Islands, and having very hard wood. Metrosideros verais the true ironwood.
METROTOME,An instrument for cutting or scarifying the uterus or the neckof the
uterus.
METROTOMY,The operation of cutting into the uterus; hysterotomy; theCæsarean
section.
METTE,of Mete, to dream. Chaucer.
METTLE,Substance or quality of temperament; spirit, esp. as regardshonor, courage,
fortitude, ardor, etc.; disposition; -- usually in agood sense.A certain critical
hour which shall... try what mettle his heart ismade of. South.Gentlemen of brave
mettle. Shak.The winged courser, like a generous horse, Shows most true mettlewhen
you check his course. Pope.To put one one's mettle, to cause or incite one to use
one's bestefforts.
METTLED,Having mettle; high-spirited; ardent; full of fire. Addison.
METTLESOME,Full of spirit; possessing constitutional ardor; fiery; as, amettlesome
horse.-- Met"tle*some*ly, adv.-- Met"tle*some*ness, n.
MEUM,Lit., mine; that which is mine; -- used in the phrase meum ettuum, or meum and
tuum; as, to confound meum and tuum, to fail todistinguish one's own property from
that of others; to be dishonest.
MEUTE,A cage for hawks; a mew. See 4th Mew, 1. Milman.
MEVE,To move. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MEW,A gull, esp. the common British species (Larus canus); calledalso sea mew, maa,
mar, mow, and cobb.
MEWL,To cry, as a young child; to squall. [Written also meawl.]Shak.
MEWLER,One that mewls.
MEWS,An alley where there are stables; a narrow passage; a confinedplace. [Eng.]Mr.
Turveydrop's great room... was built out into a mews at the back.Dickens.
MEXICAN,Of or pertaining to Mexico or its people.-- n.
MEXICANIZE,To cause to be like the Mexicans, or their country, esp. inrespect of
frequent revolutions of government.
MEYNE,Same as Meine.
MEZCAL,Same as Mescal.
MEZEREON,A small European shrub (Daphne Mezereum), whose acrid bark isused in
medicine.
MEZQUITA,A mosque.
MEZUZOTH,A piece of parchment bearing the Decalogue and attached to thedoorpost; --
in use among orthodox Hebrews.
MEZZA MAJOLICA,Italian pottery of the epoch and general character of majolica,but
less brilliantly decorated, esp. such pottery without tin enamel,but painted and
glazed.
MEZZA VOCE,With a medium fullness of sound.
MEZZO,Mean; not extreme.
MEZZO-RELIEVO,Mezzo-rilievo.
MEZZO-SOPRANO,Having a medium compass between the soprano and contralto; --said of
the voice of a female singer.-- n.(a) A mezzo-soprano voice.(b) A person having
such a voice.
MEZZOTINT,A manner of engraving on copper or steel by drawing upon asurface
previously roughened, and then removing the roughness inplaces by scraping,
burnishing, etc., so as to produce the requisitelight and shade. Also, an engraving
so produced.
MEZZOTINTER,One who engraves in mezzotint.
MEZZOTINTO,Mezzotint.
MHO,A unit of conductivity, being the reciprocal of the ohm.
MHOMETER,An instrument for measuring conductivity.
MHORR,See Mohr.
MI,A syllable applied to the third tone of the scale of C, i. e.,to E, in European
solmization, but to the third tone of any scale inthe American system.
MIAMIS,A tribe of Indians that formerly occupied the country betweenthe Wabash and
Maumee rivers.
MIARGYRITE,A mineral of an iron-black color, and very sectile,
consistingprincipally of sulphur, antimony, and silver.
MIAS,The orang-outang.
MIASCITE,A granitoid rock containing feldspar, biotite, elæolite, andsodalite.
MIASM,Miasma.
MIASMA,Infectious particles or germs floating in the air; air madenoxious by the
presence of such particles or germs; noxious effluvia;malaria.
MIASMAL,Containing miasma; miasmatic.
MIASMATIST,One who has made a special study of miasma.
MIASMOLOGY,That department of medical science which treats of miasma.
MIAUL,To cry as a cat; to mew; to caterwaul. Sir W. Scott.
MICA,The name of a group of minerals characterized by highly perfectcleavage, so
that they readily separate into very thin leaves, moreor less elastic. They differ
widely in composition, and vary in colorfrom pale brown or yellow to green or
black. The transparent formsare used in lanterns, the doors of stoves, etc., being
popularlycalled isinglass. Formerly called also cat-silver, and glimmer.
MICACEO-CALCAREOUS,Partaking of the nature of, or consisting of, mica and lime;
--applied to a mica schist containing carbonate of lime.
MICACEOUS,Pertaining to, or containing, mica; splitting into laminæ orleaves like
mica.
MICE,pl of Mouse.
MICELLA,A theoretical aggregation of molecules constituting astructural particle of
protoplasm, capable of increase or diminutionwithout change in chemical nature.
MICHAELMAS,The feat of the archangel Michael, a church festival,celebrated on the
29th of September. Hence, colloquially, autumn.Michaelmas daisy. (Bot.) See under
Daisy.
MICHER,One who skulks, or keeps out of sight; hence, a truant; anidler; a thief,
etc. [Obs.] Shak.
MICHERY,Theft; cheating. [Obs.] Gower.
MICHING,Hiding; skulking; cowardly. [Colloq.] [Written also meachingand meeching.]
MICKLE,Much; great. [Written also muckle and mockle.] [Old Eng. &Scot.] "A man of
mickle might." Spenser.
MICMACS,A tribe of Indians inhabiting Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.[Written also
Mikmaks.]
MICO,A small South American monkey (Mico melanurus), allied to themarmoset. The
name was originally applied to an albino variety.
MICRACOUSTIC,Same as Microustic.
MICRASTER,A genus of sea urchins, similar to Spatangus, abounding in thechalk
formation; -- from the starlike disposal of the ambulacralfurrows.
MICRENCEPHALOUS,Having a small brain.
MICRO-CHEMICAL,Of or pertaining to micro-chemistry; as, a micro-chemical test.
MICRO-CHEMISTRY,The application of chemical tests to minute objects or portionsof
matter, magnified by the use of the microscopy; -- distinguishedfrom macro-
chemistry.
MICRO-GEOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to micro-geology.
MICRO-GEOLOGY,The part of geology relating to structure and organisms whichrequire
to be studied with a microscope.
MICROAMPERE,One of the smaller measures of electrical currents; themillionth part
of one ampère.
MICROANALYSIS,Analysis of the structure of materials from careful observationof
photomicrographs.
MICROBACTERIA,In the classification of Cohn, one of the four tribes ofBacteria.
MICROBAROGRAPH,An instrument for recording minor fluctuations of
atmosphericpressure, as opposed to general barometric surges.
MICROBIAN,Of, pertaining to, or caused by, microbes; as, the microbiantheory; a
microbian disease.
MICROBIC,Of or pertaining to a microbe.
MICROBICIDE,Any agent detrimental to, or destructive of, the life ofmicrobes or
bacterial organisms.
MICROBIOLOGY,The study of minute organisms, or microbes, as the bacteria.
--Mi`cro*bi`o*log"ic*al (#), a. -- Mi`cro*bi*ol"o*gist (#), n.
MICROCHRONOMETER,A chronoscope.
MICROCLINE,A mineral of the feldspar group, like orthoclase or commonfeldspar in
composition, but triclinic in form.
MICROCOCCAL,Of or pertaining to micrococci; caused by micrococci. Nature.
MICROCOCCUS,A genus of Spherobacteria, in the form of very small globularor oval
cells, forming, by transverse division, filaments, or chainsof cells, or in some
cases single organisms shaped like dumb-bells(Diplococcus), all without the power
of motion. See Illust. ofAscoccus.
MICROCOSM,A little world; a miniature universe. Hence (so called byParacelsus), a
man, as a supposed epitome of the exterior universe orgreat world. Opposed to
macrocosm. Shak.
MICROCOSMOGRAPHY,Description of man as a microcosm.
MICROCOULOMB,A measure of electrical quantity; the millionth part of onecoulomb.
MICROCOUSTIC,Pertaining, or suited, to the audition of small sounds; fittedto
assist hearing.
MICROCRITH,The weight of the half hydrogen molecule, or of the hydrogenatom, taken
as the standard in comparing the atomic weights of theelements; thus, an atom of
oxygen weighs sixteen microcriths. SeeCrith. J. P. Cooke.
MICROCRYSTALLINE,Crystalline on a fine, or microscopic, scale; consisting offine
crystals; as, the ground mass of certain porphyrics ismicrocrystalline.
MICROCYTE,One of the elementary granules found in blood. They are muchsmaller than
an ordinary corpuscle, and are particularly noticeablein disease, as in anæmia.
MICRODONT,Having small teeth.
MICROFARAD,The millionth part of a farad.
MICROFORM,A microscopic form of life; an animal or vegetable organismmicroscopic
size.
MICROGRAPH,An instrument for executing minute writing or engraving.
MICROGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to micrography.
MICROGRAPHY,The description of microscopic objects.
MICROHM,The millionth part of an ohm.
MICROLEPIDOPTERA,A tribe of Lepidoptera, including a vast number of minutespecies,
as the plume moth, clothes moth, etc.
MICROLESTES,An extinct genus of small Triassic mammals, the oldest yetfound in
European strata.
MICROLITE,A minute inclosed crystal, often observed when minerals orrocks are
examined in thin sections under the microscope.
MICROLITH,Same as Microlite, 2.
MICROLITHIC,Formed of small stones.
MICROMERE,One of the smaller cells, or blastomeres, resulting from thecomplete
segmentation of a telolecithal ovum.
MICROMETER,An instrument, used with a telescope or microscope, formeasuring minute
distances, or the apparent diameters of objectswhich subtend minute angles. The
measurement given directly is thatof the image of the object formed at the focus of
the object glass.Circular, or Ring, micrometer, a metallic ring fixed in the focus
ofthe object glass of a telescope, and used to determine differences ofright
ascension and declination between stars by observations of thetimes at which the
stars cross the inner or outer periphery of thering.-- Double image micrometer, a
micrometer in which two images of anobject are formed in the field, usually by the
two halves of abisected lens which are movable along their line of section by
ascrew, and distances are determined by the number of screwrevolutions necessary to
bring the points to be measured into opticalcoincidence. When the two images are
formed by a bisected objectsglass, it is called a divided-object-glass micrometer,
and when theinstrument is large and equatorially mounted, it is known as
aheliometer.-- Double refraction micrometer, a species of double imagemicrometer,
in which the two images are formed by the doublerefraction of rock crystal.--
Filar, or Bifilar, micrometer. See under Bifilar.-- Micrometer caliper or gauge
(Mech.), a caliper or gauge with amicrometer screw, for measuring dimensions with
great accuracy.-- Micrometer head, the head of a micrometer screw.-- Micrometer
microscope, a compound microscope combined with afilar micrometer, used chiefly for
reading and subdividing thedivisions of large astronomical and geodetical
instruments.-- Micrometer screw, a screw with a graduated head used in someforms of
micrometers.-- Position micrometer. See under Position.-- Scale, or Linear,
micrometer, a minute and very delicatelygraduated scale of equal parts used in the
field of a telescope ormicroscope, for measuring distances by direct comparison.
MICROMETRY,The art of measuring with a micrometer.
MICROMILLIMETER,The millionth part of a meter.
MICRON,A measure of length; the thousandth part of one millimeter; themillionth
part of a meter.
MICRONESIAN,Of or pertaining to Micronesia, a collective designation of theislands
in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, embracing theMarshall and Gilbert groups,
the Ladrones, the Carolines, etc.
MICRONESIANS,A dark race inhabiting the Micronesian Islands. They aresupposed to be
a mixed race, derived from Polynesians and Papuans.
MICRONOMETER,An instrument for noting minute portions of time.
MICROPANTOGRAPH,A kind of pantograph which produces copies microscopicallyminute.
MICROPARASITE,A parasitic microörganism. -- Mi`cro*par`a*sit"ic (#), a.
MICROPEGMATITE,A rock showing under the microscope the structure of a
graphicgranite (pegmatite).-- Mi`cro*peg`ma*tit"ic, a.
MICROPHONE,An instrument for intensifying and making audible very feeblesounds. It
produces its effects by the changes of intensity in anelectric current, occasioned
by the variations in the contactresistance of conducting bodies, especially of
imperfect conductors,under the action of acoustic vibrations.
MICROPHONIC,Of or pert. to a microphone; serving to intensify weak sounds.
MICROPHONICS,The science which treats of the means of increasing theintensity of
low or weak sounds, or of the microphone.
MICROPHONOUS,Serving to augment the intensity of weak sounds; microcoustic.
MICROPHOTOGRAPHY,The art of making microphotographs.
MICROPHYLLOUS,Small-leaved.
MICROPHYTAL,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, microphytes.
MICROPHYTE,A very minute plant, one of certain unicellular algæ, such asthe germs
of various infectious diseases are believed to be.
MICROSCOPAL,Pertaining to microscopy, or to the use of the microscope.Huxley.
MICROSCOPE,An optical instrument, consisting of a lens, or combination oflenses,
for making an enlarged image of an object which is too minuteto be viewed by the
naked eye. Compound microscope, an instrumentconsisting of a combination of lenses
such that the image formed bythe lens or set of lenses nearest the object (called
the objective)is magnified by another lens called the ocular or eyepiece.--
Oxyhydrogen microscope, and Solar microscope. See underOxyhydrogen, and Solar.--
Simple, or Single, microscope, a single convex lens used tomagnify objects placed
in its focus.
MICROSCOPIAL,Microscopic. [R.] Berkeley.
MICROSCOPICALLY,By the microscope; with minute inspection; in a microscopicmanner.
MICROSCOPIST,One skilled in, or given to, microscopy.
MICROSCOPY,The use of the microscope; investigation with the microscope.
MICROSEISM,A feeble earth tremor not directly perceptible, but detectedonly by
means of specially constructed apparatus. -- Mi`cro*seis"mic(#), *seis"mic*al (#),
a.
MICROSEISMOGRAPH,A microseismometer; specif., a microseismometer producing agraphic
record.
MICROSEISMOLOGY,Science or study of microseisms.
MICROSEISMOMETER,A seismometer for measuring amplitudes or periods, or both,
ofmicroseisms. --Mi`cro*seis*mom"e*try (#), n.
MICROSEME,Having the orbital index relatively small; having the orbitsbroad
transversely; -- opposed to Ant: megaseme.
MICROSPECTROSCOPE,A spectroscope arranged for attachment to a microscope,
forobservation of the spectrum of light from minute portions of anysubstance.
MICROSPORANGIUM,A sporangium or conceptacle containing only very minute spores.Cf.
Macrosporangium.
MICROSPORE,One of the exceedingly minute spores found in certainflowerless plants,
as Selaginella and Isoetes, which bear two kindsof spores, one very much smaller
than the other. Cf. Macrospore.
MICROSPORIC,Of or pertaining to microspores.
MICROSTHENE,One of a group of mammals having a small size as a
typicalcharacteristic. It includes the lower orders, as the
Insectivora,Cheiroptera, Rodentia, and Edentata.
MICROSTHENIC,Having a typically small size; of or pertaining to themicrosthenes.
MICROTASIMETER,A tasimeter, especially when arranged for measuring very
smallextensions. See Tasimeter.
MICROTOME,An instrument for making very thin sections for microscopicalexamination.
MICROTOMIST,One who is skilled in or practices microtomy.
MICROTOMY,The art of using the microtome; investigation carried on withthe
microtome.
MICROVOLT,A measure of electro-motive force; the millionth part of onevolt.
MICROWEBER,The millionth part of one weber.
MICROZOA,The Infusoria.
MICROZYME,A microörganism which is supposed to act like a ferment incausing or
propagating certain infectious or contagious diseases; apathogenic bacterial
organism.
MICTURITION,The act of voiding urine; also, a morbidly frequent passing ofthe
urine, in consequence of disease.
MID,Made with a somewhat elevated position of some certain part ofthe tongue, in
relation to the palate; midway between the high andthe low; -- said of certain
vowel sounds; as, a (ale), ê (êll), o(old). See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 10, 11.
MIDA,The larva of the bean fly.
MIDAS,A genus of longeared South American monkeys, including numerousspecies of
marmosets. See Marmoset.
MIDBRAIN,The middle segment of the brain; the mesencephalon. See Brain.
MIDDAY,The middle part of the day; noon.
MIDDEN CROW,The common European crow. [Prov. Eng.]
MIDDEST,Situated most nearly in the middle; middlemost; midmost. [Obs.]" 'Mongst
the middest crowd." Spenser.
MIDDING,Same as Midden.
MIDDLE,The point or part equally distant from the extremities orexterior limits, as
of a line, a surface, or a solid; an interveningpoint or part in space, time, or
order of series; the midst; centralportion; specif., the waist. Chaucer. "The
middle of the land." Judg.ix. 37.In this, as in most questions of state, there is a
middle. Burke.
MIDDLE-AGE,Of or pertaining to the Middle Ages; mediæval.
MIDDLE-AGED,Being about the middle of the ordinary age of man; between 30and 50
years old.
MIDDLE-EARTH,The world, considered as lying between heaven and hell. [Obs.]Shak.
MIDDLE-GROUND,That part of a picture between the foreground and thebackground.
MIDDLEMAN,The man who occupies a central position in a file of soldiers.
MIDDLEMOST,Being in the middle, or nearest the middle; midmost.
MIDDLER,One of a middle or intermediate class in some schools andseminaries.
MIDDLING,Of middle rank, state, size, or quality; about equally distantfrom the
extremes; medium; moderate; mediocre; ordinary. "A town ofbut middling size."
Hallam.Plainly furnished, as beseemed the middling circumstances of itsinhabitants.
Hawthorne.-- Mid"dling*ly, adv.-- Mid"dling*ness, n.
MIDDY,A colloquial abbreviation of midshipman.
MIDFEATHER,A vertical water space in a fire box or combustion chamber.
MIDGARD,The middle space or region between heaven and hell; the abodeof human
beings; the earth.
MIDGET,A minute bloodsucking fly. [Local, U. S.]
MIDGUT,The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, orentrance of the
bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.
MIDHEAVEN,The meridian, or middle line of the heavens; the point of theecliptic on
the meridian.
MIDLAND,The interior or central region of a country; -- usually in theplural.
Drayton.
MIDMAIN,The middle part of the main or sea. [Poetic] Chapman.
MIDMOST,Middle; middlemost.Ere night's midmost, stillest hour was past. Byron.
MIDNIGHT SUN,The sun shining at midnight in the arctic or antarctic summer.
MIDNIGHT,The middle of the night; twelve o'clock at night.The iron tongue of
midnight hath told twelve. Shak.
MIDRASH,A talmudic exposition of the Hebrew law, or of some part of it.
MIDRIB,A continuation of the petiole, extending from the base to theapex of the
lamina of a leaf.
MIDRIFF,See Diaphragm, n., 2.Smote him into the midriff with a stone. Milton.
MIDSHIP,Of or pertaining to, or being in, the middle of a ship. Midshipbeam
(Naut.), the beam or timber upon which the broadest part of avessel is formed.--
Midship bend, the broadest frame in a vessel. Weale.
MIDSHIPMAN,An American marine fish of the genus Porichthys, allied to thetoadfish.
Cadet midshipman, formerly a title distinguishing a cadetline officer from a cadet
engineer at the U. S. Naval Academy. Seeunder Cadet.-- Cadet midshipman, formerly,
a naval cadet who had served histime, passed his examinations, and was awaiting
promotion; -- nowcalled, in the United States, midshipman; in England,
sublieutenant.
MIDSHIPS,In the middle of a ship; -- properly amidships.
MIDST,In the midst of; amidst. Shak.
MIDSUMMER,The middle of summer. Shak. Midsummer daisy (Bot.), the oxeyedaisy.
MIDWARD,Situated in the middle.
MIDWAY,The middle of the way or distance; a middle way or course.Shak.Paths
indirect, or in the midway faint. Milton.
MIDWEEK,The middle of the week. Also used adjectively.
MIDWIFE,A woman who assists other women in childbirth; a femalepractitioner of the
obstetric art.
MIDWINTER,The middle of winter. Dryden.
MIDWIVE,To midwife. [Obs.]
MIEN,Aspect; air; manner; demeanor; carriage; bearing.Vice is a monster of so
frightful mien, As, to be hated, needs but tobe seen. Pope.
MIFF,A petty falling out; a tiff; a quarrel; offense. Fielding.
MIGHT,imp. of May. Etym: [AS. meahte, mihte.]
MIGHTFUL,Mighty. [Obs.] Shak.
MIGHTLESS,Without; weak. [Obs.]
MIGHTY,A warrior of great force and courage. [R. & Obs.] 1 Chron. xi.12.
MIGNIARD,Soft; dainty. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
MIGNIARDISE,Delicate fondling. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
MIGNON,See 3d Minion.
MIGNONETTE,A plant (Reseda odorata) having greenish flowers with orange-colored
stamens, and exhaling a delicious fragrance. In Africa it isa low shrub, but
further north it is usually an annual herb.Mignonette pepper, coarse pepper.
MIGRAINE,Same as Megrim.-- Mi*grain"ous, a.
MIGRANT,Migratory. Sir T. Browne.-- n.
MIGRATION,The act of migrating.
MIKADO,The popular designation of the hereditary sovereign of Japan.
MIKMAKS,Same as Micmacs.
MILADY,Lit., my lady; hence (as used on the Continent), an Englishnoblewoman or
gentlewoman.
MILAGE,Same as Mileage.
MILANESE,Of or pertaining to Milan in Italy, or to its inhabitants.-- n. sing. &
pl.
MILD,Gentle; pleasant; kind; soft; bland; clement; hence, moderatein degree or
quality; -- the opposite of harsh, severe, irritating,violent, disagreeable, etc.;
-- applied to persons and things; as, amild disposition; a mild eye; a mild air; a
mild medicine; a mildinsanity.The rosy morn resigns her light And milder glory to
the noon. Waller.Adore him as a mild and merciful Being. Rogers.Mild, or Low,
steel, steel that has but little carbon in it and isnot readily hardened.
MILDEN,To make mild, or milder. Lowell.
MILDEW,A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or ofdifferent colors,
found on various diseased or decaying substances.
MILDLY,In a mild manner.
MILDNESS,The quality or state of being mild; as, mildness of temper; themildness of
the winter.
MILE,A certain measure of distance, being equivalent in England andthe United
States to 320 poles or rods, or 5,280 feet.
MILEPOST,A post, or one of a series of posts, set up to indicate spacesof a mile
each or the distance in miles from a given place.
MILESIAN,Of or pertaining to Miletus, a city of Asia Minor, or to itsinhabitants.
MILESTONE,A stone serving the same purpose as a milepost.
MILFOIL,A common composite herb (Achillea Millefolium) with whiteflowers and finely
dissected leaves; yarrow. Water milfoil (Bot.), anaquatic herb with dissected
leaves (Myriophyllum).
MILIARIA,A fever accompanied by an eruption of small, isolated, redpimples,
resembling a millet seed in form or size; miliary fever.
MILIARY,Accompanied with an eruption like millet seeds; as, a miliaryfever.
MILICE,Militia. [Obs.]
MILIEU,Environment.
MILIOLA,A genus of Foraminifera, having a porcelanous shell withseveral
longitudinal chambers.
MILIOLITE,A fossil shell of, or similar to, the genus Miliola.
MILIOLITIC,Of or pertaining to the genus Miliola; containing miliolites.
MILITANT,Engaged in warfare; fighting; combating; serving as a soldier.--
Mil"i*tant*ly, adv.At which command the powers militant... Moved on in silence.
Milton.Church militant, the Christian church on earth, which is supposed tobe
engaged in a constant warfare against its enemies, and is thusdistinguished from
the church triumphant, in heaven.
MILITAR,Military. [Obs.] Bacon.
MILITARILY,In a military manner.
MILITARIST,A military man. [Obs.] Shak.
MILITARY,The whole body of soldiers; soldiery; militia; troops; thearmy.
MILITATE,To make war; to fight; to contend; -- usually followed byagainst and
with.These are great questions, where great names militate against eachother.
Burke.The invisible powers of heaven seemed to militate on the side of thepious
emperor. Gibbon.
MILITIAMAN,One who belongs to the militia.
MILITIATE,To carry on, or prepare for, war. [Obs.] Walpole.
MILK SICKNESS,A peculiar malignant disease, occurring in parts of the westernUnited
States, and affecting certain kinds of farm stock (esp. cows),and persons using the
meat or dairy products of infected cattle. Itschief symptoms in man are
uncontrollable vomiting, obstinateconstipation, pain, and muscular tremors. Its
origin in cattle hasbeen variously ascribed to the presence of certain plants in
theirfood, and to polluted water.
MILK VETCH,A leguminous herb (Astragalus glycyphyllos) of Europe and Asia,supposed
to increase the secretion of milk in goats.
MILK,A white fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammalsfor the
nourishment of their young, consisting of minute globules offat suspended in a
solution of casein, albumin, milk sugar, andinorganic salts. "White as morne milk."
Chaucer.
MILK-LIVERED,White-livered; cowardly; timorous.
MILKEN,Consisting of milk. [Obs.]
MILKFUL,Full of milk; abounding with food. [R.] "Milkful vales."Sylvester.
MILKILY,In a milky manner.
MILKINESS,State or quality of being milky.
MILKMAID,A woman who milks cows or is employed in the dairy.
MILKMAN,A man who sells milk or delivers is to customers.
MILKSOP,A piece of bread sopped in milk; figuratively, an effeminate orweak-minded
person. Shak.To wed a milksop or a coward ape. Chaucer.
MILKWEED,Any plant of the genera Asclepias and Acerates, abounding in amilky juice,
and having its seed attached to a long silky down;silkweed. The name is also
applied to several other plants with amilky juice, as to several kinds of spurge.
MILKWORT,A genus of plants (Polygala) of many species. The commonEuropean P.
vulgaris was supposed to have the power of producing aflow of milk in nurses.
MILL,A money of account of the United States, having the value ofthe tenth of a
cent, or the thousandth of a dollar.
MILL-CAKE,The incorporated materials for gunpowder, in the form of adense mass or
cake, ready to be subjected to the process ofgranulation.
MILL-SIXPENCE,A milled sixpence; -- the sixpence being one of the firstEnglish
coins milled (1561).
MILLBOARD,A kind of stout pasteboard.
MILLDAM,A dam or mound to obstruct a water course, and raise the waterto a height
sufficient to turn a mill wheel.
MILLED,Having been subjected to some process of milling. Milled cloth,cloth that
has been beaten in a fulling mill.-- Milled lead, lead rolled into sheets.
MILLEFIORE GLASS,Slender rods or tubes of colored glass fused together andembedded
in clear glass; -- used for paperweights and other smallarticles.
MILLENARIAN,Consisting of a thousand years; of or pertaining to themillennium, or
to the Millenarians.
MILLENARY,Consisting of a thousand; millennial.
MILLENNIAL,Of or pertaining to the millennium, or to a thousand years; as,a
millennial period; millennial happiness.
MILLENNIALIST,One who believes that Christ will reign personally on earth athousand
years; a Chiliast; also, a believer in the universalprevalence of Christianity for
a long period.
MILLENNIST,One who believes in the millennium. [Obs.] Johnson.
MILLENNIUM,A thousand years; especially, thousand years mentioned in thetwentieth
chapter in the twentieth chapter of Revelation, duringwhich holiness is to be
triumphant throughout the world. Some believethat, during this period, Christ will
reign on earth in person withhis saints.
MILLEPED,A myriapod with many legs, esp. a chilognath, as thegalleyworm. [Written
also millipede and milliped.]
MILLEPORA,A genus of Hydrocorallia, which includes the millipores.
MILLEPORE,Any coral of the genus Millepora, having the surface nearlysmooth, and
perforated with very minute unequal pores, or cells. Theanimals are hydroids, not
Anthozoa. See Hydrocorallia.
MILLEPORITE,A fossil millepore.
MILLERITE,A believer in the doctrine of William Miller (d. 1849), whotaught that
the end of the world and the second coming of Christ wereat hand.
MILLESIMAL,Thousandth; consisting of thousandth parts; as, millesimalfractions.
MILLET,The name of several cereal and forage grasses which bear anabundance of
small roundish grains. The common millets of Germany andSouthern Europe are Panicum
miliaceum, and Setaria Italica.
MILLI-,A prefix denoting a thousandth part of; as, millimeter,milligram,
milliampère.
MILLIAMPERE,The thousandth part of one ampère.
MILLIARD,A thousand millions; -- called also billion. See Billion.
MILLIARY,Of or pertaining to a mile, or to distance by miles; denoting amile or
miles.A milliary column, from which they used to compute the distance ofall the
cities and places of note. Evelyn.
MILLIER,A weight of the metric system, being one million grams; ametric ton.
MILLIFOLD,Thousandfold. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).
MILLIMICRON,The thousandish part of a micron or the millionth part of amillimeter;
-- a unit of length used in measuring light waves, etc.
MILLINET,A stiff cotton fabric used by milliners for lining bonnets.
MILLING,The act or employment of grinding or passing through a mill;the process of
fulling; the process of making a raised or intentededge upon coin, etc.; the
process of dressing surfaces of variousshapes with rotary cutters. See Mill. High
milling, milling in whichgrain is reduced to flour by a succession of crackings, or
of slightand partial crushings, alternately with sifting and sorting theproduct.--
Low milling, milling in which the reduction is effected in asingle crushing or
grinding.-- Milling cutter, a fluted, sharp-edged rotary cutter for
dressingsurfaces, as of metal, of various shapes.-- Milling machine, a machine tool
for dressing surfaces by rotarycutters.-- Milling tool, a roller with indented edge
or surface, forproducing like indentations in metal by rolling pressure, as
inturning; a knurling tool; a milling cutter.
MILLIONAIRE,One whose wealth is counted by millions of francs, dollars, orpounds; a
very rich person; a person worth a million or more.[Written also millionnaire.]
MILLIONAIRESS,A woman who is a millionaire, or the wife of a millionaire.[Humorous]
Holmes.
MILLIONARY,Of or pertaining to millions; consisting of millions; as, themillionary
chronology of the pundits. Pinker
MILLIONED,Multiplied by millions; innumerable. [Obs.] Shak.
MILLIONNAIRE,Millionaire.
MILLIONTH,Being the last one of a million of units or objects counted inregular
order from the first of a series or succession; being one ofa million.
MILLIPED,The same Milleped.
MILLISTERE,A liter, or cubic decimeter.
MILLIWEBER,The thousandth part of one weber.
MILLSTONE,One of two circular stones used for grinding grain or othersubstance.No
man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge. Deut.xxiv. 6.
MILLWRIGHT,A mechanic whose occupation is to build mills, or to set uptheir
machinery.
MILORD,Lit., my lord; hence (as used on the Continent), an Englishnobleman or
gentleman.
MILREIS,A Portuguese money of account rated in the treasury departmentof the United
States at one dollar and eight cents; also, a Brazilianmoney of account rated at
fifty-four cents and six mills.
MILT,The spleen.
MILTER,A male fish.
MILTONIAN,Miltonic. Lowell.
MILTONIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, Milton, or his writings; as,Miltonic
prose.
MILTWASTE,A small European fern (Asplenium Ceterach) formerly used inmedicine.
MILVINE,Of or resembling birds of the kite kind.
MILVUS,A genus of raptorial birds, including the European kite.
MIME,To mimic. [Obs.] -- Mim"er, n.
MIMEOGRAPH,An autographic stencil copying device invented by Edison.
MIMESIS,Imitation; mimicry.
MIMETENE,See Mimetite.
MIMETISM,Same as Mimicry.
MIMETITE,A mineral occurring in pale yellow or brownish hexagonalcrystals. It is an
arseniate of lead.
MIMIC,One who imitates or mimics, especially one who does so forsport; a copyist; a
buffoon. Burke.
MIMICALLY,In an imitative manner.
MIMICKER,An animal which imitates something else, in form or habits.
MIMICRY,Protective resemblance; the resemblance which certain animalsand plants
exhibit to other animals and plants or to the naturalobjects among which they live,
-- a characteristic which serves astheir chief means of protection against enemies;
imitation; mimesis;mimetism.
MIMOGRAPHER,A writer of mimes. Sir T. Herbert.
MIMOSA,A genus of leguminous plants, containing many species, andincluding the
sensitive plants (Mimosa sensitiva, and M. pudica).
MIMOTANNIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a variety of tannin or tannicacid found
in Acacia, Mimosa, etc.
MINA,An ancient weight or denomination of money, of varying value.The Attic mina
was valued at a hundred drachmas.
MINABLE,Such as can be mined; as, minable earth. Sir T. North.
MINACIOUS,Threatening; menacing. [R.]
MINACITY,Disposition to threaten. [R.]
MINARET,A slender, lofty tower attached to a mosque and surrounded byone or more
projecting balconies, from which the summon to prayer iscried by the muezzin.
MINARGENT,An alloy consisting of copper, nickel, tungsten, and aluminium;-- used by
jewelers.
MINATORY,Threatening; menacing. Bacon.
MINAUL,Same as Manul.
MINCE PIE,A pie made of mince-meat.
MINCE,A short, precise step; an affected manner.
MINCE-MEAT,Minced meat; meat chopped very fine; a mixture of boiled meat,suet,
apples, etc., chopped very fine, to which spices and raisinsare added; -- used in
making mince pie.
MINCER,One who minces.
MINCING,That minces; characterized by primness or affected nicety.
MINCINGLY,In a mincing manner; not fully; with affected nicety.
MIND,To give attention or heed; to obey; as, the dog minds well.
MINDED,Disposed; inclined; having a mind.Joseph... was minded to put her away
privily. Matt. i. 19.If men were minded to live virtuously. Tillotson.
MINDFUL,Bearing in mind; regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.What is man, that
thou art mindful of him Ps. viii. 4.I promise you to be mindful of your
admonitions. Hammond.-- Mind"ful*ly, adv.-- Mind"ful*ness, n.
MINDING,Regard; mindfulness.
MINE,See Mien. [Obs.]
MINERALIST,One versed in minerals; mineralogist. [R.]
MINERALIZATION,The conversion of a cell wall into a material of a stonynature.
MINERALIZE,To go on an excursion for observing and collecting minerals;
tomineralogize.
MINERALIZER,An element which is combined with a metal, thus forming an ore.Thus, in
galena, or lead ore, sulphur is a mineralizer; in hematite,oxygen is a mineralizer.
MINERALOGICAL,Of or pertaining to mineralogy; as, a mineralogical table.
MINERALOGICALLY,According to the principles of, or with reference to,mineralogy.
MINERALOGIST,A carrier shell (Phorus).
MINERALOGIZE,To study mineralogy by collecting and examining minerals.
MissEdgeworth.
MINERVA,The goddess of wisdom, of war, of the arts and sciences, ofpoetry, and of
spinning and weaving; -- identified with the GrecianPallas Athene.
MINETTE,The smallest of regular sizes of portrait photographs.
MINEVER,Same as Miniver.
MINGE,To mingle; to mix. [Obs.]
MINGLE,To become mixed or blended.
MINGLE-MANGLE,To mix in a disorderly way; to make a mess of. [Obs.] Udall.
MINGLEABLE,That can be mingled. Boyle.
MINGLEDLY,Confusedly.
MINGLEMENT,The act of mingling, or the state of being mixed.
MINGLER,One who mingles.
MINGLINGLY,In a mingling manner.
MINIARD,Migniard. [Obs.]
MINIARDIZE,To render delicate or dainty. [Obs.] Howell.
MINIATE,To paint or tinge with red lead or vermilion; also, to decoratewith
letters, or the like, painted red, as the page of a manuscript.T. Wharton.
MINIATURE,Being on a small; much reduced from the reality; as, aminiature copy.
MINIATURIST,A painter of miniatures.
MINIBUS,A kind of light passenger vehicle, carrying four persons.
MINIE BALL,A conical rifle bullet, with a cavity in its base plugged witha piece of
iron, which, by the explosion of the charge, is drivenfarther in, expanding the
sides to fit closely the grooves of thebarrel.
MINIE RIFLE,A rifle adapted to minie balls.
MINIKIN,Small; diminutive. Shak.
MINIM,A small fish; a minnow. [Prov. Eng.]
MINIMAL,Of, pertaining to, or having a character of, a minim orminimum; least;
smallest; as, a minimal amount or value.
MINIMENT,A trifle; a trinket; a token. [Obs.] Spenser.
MINIMIZATION,The act or process of minimizing. Bentham.
MINIMIZE,To reduce to the smallest part or proportion possible; toreduce to a
minimum. Bentham.
MINIMUM THERMOMETER,, a thermometer for recording the lowest temperature since
itslast adjustment.
MINIMUM,The least quantity assignable, admissible, or possible, in agiven case;
hence, a thing of small consequence; -- opposed to Ant:maximum.
MINIMUS,The little finger; the fifth digit, or that corresponding toit, in either
the manus or pes.
MINING,The act or business of making mines or of working them.
MINION,Minimum. [Obs.] Burton.
MINIONETTE,Small; delicate. [Obs.] "His minionette face." Walpole.
MINIONING,Kind treatment. [Obs.]
MINIONIZE,To flavor. [Obs.]
MINIONSHIP,State of being a minion. [R.]
MINIOUS,Of the color of red or vermilion. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MINISH,To diminish; to lessen.The living of poor men thereby minished. Latimer.
MINISHMENT,The act of diminishing, or the state of being diminished;diminution.
[Obs.]
MINISTER,To furnish or apply; to afford; to supply; to administer.He that
ministereth seed to the sower. 2 Cor. ix. 10.We minister to God reason to suspect
us. Jer. Taylor.
MINISTERIALIST,A supporter of the ministers, or the party in power.
MINISTERIALLY,In a ministerial manner; in the character or capacity of aminister.
MINISTERY,See Ministry. Milton.
MINISTRACY,Ministration. [Obs.]
MINISTRAL,Ministerial. [Obs.] Johnson.
MINISTRANT,Performing service as a minister; attendant on service; actingunder
command; subordinate. "Princedoms and dominations ministrant."Milton.-- n.
MINISTRATION,The act of ministering; service; ministry. "The days of
hisministration." Luke i. 23.
MINISTRATIVE,Serving to aid; ministering.
MINISTRESS,A woman who ministers. Akenside.
MINISTRYSHIP,The office of a minister. Swift.
MINIUM,A heavy, brilliant red pigment, consisting of an oxide of lead,Pb3O4,
obtained by exposing lead or massicot to a gentle andcontinued heat in the air. It
is used as a cement, as a paint, and inthe manufacture of flint glass. Called also
red lead.
MINIVER,A fur esteemed in the Middle Ages as a part of costume. It isuncertain
whether it was the fur of one animal only or of differentanimals.
MINIVET,A singing bird of India of the family Campephagidæ.
MINK,A carnivorous mammal of the genus Putorius, allied to theweasel. The European
mink is Putorius lutreola. The common Americanmink (P. vison) varies from yellowish
brown to black. Its fur ishighly valued. Called also minx, nurik, and vison.
MINNESINGER,A love-singer; specifically, one of a class of German poets
andmusicians who flourished from about the middle of the twelfth to themiddle of
the fourteenth century. They were chiefly of noble birth,and made love and beauty
the subjects of their verses.
MINNOW,A small European fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Phoxinus lævis,formerly
Leuciscus phoxinus); sometimes applied also to the young oflarger kinds; -- called
also minim and minny. The name is alsoapplied to several allied American species,
of the genera Phoxinus,Notropis, or Minnilus, and Rhinichthys.
MINNY,A minnow.
MINO BIRD,An Asiatic bird (Gracula musica), allied to the starlings. Itis black,
with a white spot on the wings, and a pair of flat yellowwattles on the head. It is
often tamed and taught to pronounce words.
MINOR,Less by a semitone in interval or difference of pitch; as, aminor third. Asia
Minor (Geog.), the Lesser Asia; that part of Asiawhich lies between the Euxine, or
Black Sea, on the north, and theMediterranean on the south.-- Minor mode (Mus.),
that mode, or scale, in which the third andsixth are minor, -- much used for
mournful and solemn subjects.-- Minor orders (Eccl.), the rank of persons employed
inecclesiastical offices who are not in holy orders, as doorkeepers,acolytes,
etc.-- Minor scale (Mus.) The form of the minor scale is various. Thestrictly
correct form has the third and sixth minor, with a semitonebetween the seventh and
eighth, which involves an augmented secondinterval, or three semitones, between the
sixth and seventh, as, 6/F,7/G#, 8/A. But, for melodic purposes, both the sixth and
the seventhare sometimes made major in the ascending, and minor in thedescending,
scale, thus: --See Major.-- Minor term of syllogism (Logic), the subject of the
conclusion.
MINORAT,A custom or right, analogous to borough-English in England,formerly
existing in various parts of Europe, and surviving in partsof Germany and Austria,
by which certain entailed estates, as ahomestead and adjacent land, descend to the
youngest male heir.
MINORATE,To diminish. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
MINORATION,A diminution. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
MINORESS,See Franciscan Nuns, under Franciscan, a.
MINORITE,A Franciscan friar.
MINOS,A king and lawgiver of Crete, fabled to be the son of Jupiterand Europa.
After death he was made a judge in the Lower Regions.
MINOTAUR,A fabled monster, half man and half bull, confined in thelabyrinth
constructed by Dædalus in Crete.
MINOW,See Minnow.
MINSTER,A church of a monastery. The name is often retained and appliedto the
church after the monastery has ceased to exist (as BeverlyMinster, Southwell
Minster, etc.), and is also improperly used forany large church. Minster house, the
official house in which thecanons of a cathedral live in common or in rotation.
Shipley.
MINSTREL,In the Middle Ages, one of an order of men who subsisted by thearts of
poetry and music, and sang verses to the accompaniment of aharp or other
instrument; in modern times, a poet; a bard; a singerand harper; a musician.
Chaucer.
MINT,The name of several aromatic labiate plants, mostly of thegenus Mentha,
yielding odoriferous essential oils by distillation.See Mentha.
MINT-MASTER,The master or superintendent of a mint. Also used figuratively.
MINTER,One who mints.
MINTMAN,One skilled in coining, or in coins; a coiner.
MINUEND,The number from which another number is to be subtracted.
MINUET,A tune or air to regulate the movements of the dance so called;a movement in
suites, sonatas, symphonies, etc., having the danceform, and commonly in 3-4,
sometimes 3-8, measure.
MINUM,A minim.
MINUS,Less; requiring to be subtracted; negative; as, a minusquantity. Minus sign
(Math.), the sign [-] denoting minus, or less,prefixed to negative quantities, or
quantities to be subtracted. SeeNegative sign, under Negative.
MINUSCULE,Of the size and style of minuscules; written in minuscules.These
minuscule letters are cursive forms of the earlier uncials. I.Taylor (The
Alphabet).
MINUTARY,Pertaining to, or consisting of, minutes. [Obs.] Fuller.
MINUTE,A fixed part of a module. See Module.
MINUTELY,In a minute manner; with minuteness; exactly; nicely.
MINUTEMAN,A militiaman who was to be ready to march at a moment's notice;-- a term
used in the American Revolution.
MINUTENESS,The quality of being minute.
MINUTIA,A minute particular; a small or minor detail; -- used chieflyin the plural.
MINX,The mink; -- called also minx otter. [Obs.]
MINY,Abounding with mines; like a mine. "Miny caverns." Thomson.
MINYAN,A quorum, or number necessary, for conducting public worship.
MIOCENE,Of or pertaining to the middle division of the Tertiary.-- n.
MIOHIPPUS,An extinct Miocene mammal of the Horse family, closely relatedto the
genus Anhithecrium, and having three usable hoofs on eachfoot.
MIQUELET,An irregular or partisan soldier; a bandit.
MIR,A Russian village community. D. M. Wallace.
MIRA,A remarkable variable star in the constellation Cetus (o Ceti).
MIRABILARY,One who, or a work which, narrates wonderful things; one whowrites of
wonders. [Obs.] Bacon.
MIRABILIS,A genus of plants. See Four-o'clock.
MIRABILITE,Native sodium sulphate; Glauber's salt.
MIRABLE,Wonderful; admirable. [Obs.] Shak.
MIRACLE,To make wonderful. [Obs.] Shak.
MIRACULIZE,To cause to seem to be a miracle. [R.] Shaftesbury.
MIRADOR,Same as Belvedere.
MIRAGE,An optical effect, sometimes seen on the ocean, but morefrequently in
deserts, due to total reflection of light at thesurface common to two strata of air
differently heated. The reflectedimage is seen, commonly in an inverted position,
while the realobject may or may not be in sight. When the surface is horizontal,and
below the eye, the appearance is that of a sheet of water inwhich the object is
seen reflected; when the reflecting surface isabove the eye, the image is seen
projected against the sky. The fataMorgana and looming are species of mirage.By the
mirage uplifted the land floats vague in the ether, Ships andthe shadows of ships
hang in the motionless air. Longfellow.
MIRBANE,See Nitrobenzene.
MIRE,An ant. [Obs.] See Pismire.
MIRIFICENT,Wonderful. [Obs.]
MIRINESS,The quality of being miry.
MIRK,Dark; gloomy; murky. Spenser. Mrs. Browning.
MIRKSOME,Dark; gloomy; murky. [Archaic] Spenser.-- Mirk"some*ness, n. [Archaic]
MIRKY,Dark; gloomy. See Murky.
MIRLITON,A kind of musical toy into which one sings, hums, or speaks,producing a
coarse, reedy sound.
MIRROR,See Speculum. Mirror carp (Zoöl.), a domesticated variety ofthe carp, having
only three or fur rows of very large scales side.-- Mirror plate. (a) A flat glass
mirror without a frame. (b) Flatglass used for making mirrors.-- Mirror writing, a
manner or form of backward writing, makingmanuscript resembling in slant and order
of letters the reflection ofordinary writing in a mirror. The substitution of this
manner ofwriting for the common manner is a symptom of some kinds of
nervousdisease.
MIRRORSCOPE,See Projector, below.
MIRTHLESS,Without mirth.-- Mirth"less*ness, n.
MIRY,Abounding with deep mud; full of mire; muddy; as, a miry road.
MIRYACHIT,A nervous disease in which the patient involuntarily imitatesthe words or
action of another.
MIRZA,The common title of honor in Persia, prefixed to the surname ofan individual.
When appended to the surname, it signifies Prince.
MIS,Wrong; amiss. [Obs.] "To correcten that [which] is mis."Chaucer.
MIS-,A prefix used adjectively and adverbially in the sense ofamiss, wrong, ill,
wrongly, unsuitably; as, misdeed, mislead,mischief, miscreant.
MISACCEPTATION,Wrong acceptation; understanding in a wrong sense.
MISACCOMPT,To account or reckon wrongly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISADJUST,To adjust wrongly of unsuitably; to throw of adjustment. I.Taylor.
MISADJUSTMENT,Wrong adjustment; unsuitable arrangement.
MISADVENTURE,Mischance; misfortune; ill lick; unlucky accident; illadventure.
Chaucer. Homicide by misadventure (Law), homicide whichoccurs when a man, doing a
lawful act, without any intention ofinjury, unfortunately kills another; -- called
also excusablehomicide. See Homicide. Blackstone.
MISADVENTURED,Unfortunate. [Obs.]
MISADVENTUROUS,Unfortunate.
MISADVERTENCE,Inadvertence.
MISADVICE,Bad advice.
MISADVISE,To give bad counsel to.
MISADVISED,Ill advised.-- Mis`ad*vis"ed*ly, adv.
MISAFFECT,To dislike. [Obs.]
MISAFFECTED,Ill disposed. [Obs.]
MISAFFECTION,An evil or wrong affection; the state of being ill affected.[Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
MISAFFIRM,To affirm incorrectly.
MISAIMED,Not rightly aimed. Spenser.
MISALLEGATION,A erroneous statement or allegation. Bp. Hall.
MISALLEGE,To state erroneously.
MISALLIANCE,A marriage with a person of inferior rank or social station; animproper
alliance; a mesalliance.A Leigh had made a misalliance, and blushed A Howard should
know it.Mrs. Browning.
MISALLIED,Wrongly allied or associated.
MISALLOTMENT,A wrong allotment.
MISALTER,To alter wrongly; esp., to alter for the worse. Bp. Hall.
MISANTHROPE,A hater of mankind; a misanthropist.
MISANTHROPIST,A misanthrope.
MISANTHROPOS,A misanthrope. [Obs.] Shak.
MISANTHROPY,Hatred of, or dislike to, mankind; -- opposed to philanthropy.Orrery.
MISAPPLICATION,A wrong application. Sir T. Browne.
MISAPPLY,To apply wrongly; to use for a wrong purpose; as, to misapply aname or
title; to misapply public money.
MISAPPRECIATED,Improperly appreciated.
MISAPPREHEND,To take in a wrong sense; to misunderstand. Locke.
MISAPPREHENSION,A mistaking or mistake; wrong apprehension of one's meaning ofa
fact; misconception; misunderstanding.
MISAPPREHENSIVELY,By, or with, misapprehension.
MISAPPROPRIATE,To appropriate wrongly; to use for a wrong purpose.
MISAPPROPRIATION,Wrong appropriation; wrongful use.
MISARRANGE,To place in a wrong order, or improper manner.
MISARRANGEMENT,Wrong arrangement.
MISASCRIBE,To ascribe wrongly.
MISASSAY,To assay, or attempt, improperly or unsuccessfully. [Obs.] W.Browne.
MISASSIGN,To assign wrongly.
MISATTEND,To misunderstand; to disregard. [Obs.] Milton.
MISAVENTURE,Misadventure. [Obs.]
MISAVIZE,To misadvise. [Obs.]
MISBEAR,To carry improperly; to carry (one's self) wrongly; tomisbehave. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
MISBECOME,Not to become; to suit ill; not to befit or be adapted to.Macaulay.Thy
father will not act what misbecomes him. Addison.
MISBECOMING,Unbecoming. Milton.-- Mis`be*com"ing*ly, adv.-- Mis`be*com"ing*ness, n.
Boyle.
MISBEDE,To wrong; to do injury to. [Obs.]Who hath you misboden or offended Chaucer.
MISBEFITTING,No befitting.
MISBEHAVE,To behave ill; to conduct one's self improperly; -- often usedwith a
reciprocal pronoun.
MISBEHAVED,Guilty of ill behavior; illbred; rude. "A misbehaved and sullenwench."
Shak.
MISBEHAVIOR,Improper, rude, or uncivil behavior; ill conduct. Addison.
MISBELIEF,Erroneous or false belief.
MISBELIEVE,To believe erroneously, or in a false religion. "Thatmisbelieving Moor."
Shak.
MISBELIEVER,One who believes wrongly; one who holds a false religion. Shak.
MISBESEEM,To suit ill.
MISBESTOW,To bestow improperly.
MISBESTOWAL,The act of misbestowing.
MISBILEVE,Misbelief; unbelief; suspicion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISBODE,of Misbede.
MISBODEN,of Misbede.
MISBORN,Born to misfortune. Spenser.
MISCALCULATE,To calculate erroneously; to judge wrongly.-- Mis*cal`cu*la"tion, n.
MISCARRIAGEABLE,Capable of miscarrying; liable to fail. [R.] Bp. Hall.
MISCAST,To cast or reckon wrongly.
MISCEGENATION,A mixing of races; amalgamation, as by intermarriage of blackand
white.
MISCELLANARIAN,Of or pertaining to miscellanies. Shaftesbury.-- n.
MISCELLANE,A mixture of two or more sorts of grain; -- now called maslinand meslin.
Bacon.
MISCELLANEA,A collection of miscellaneous matters; matters of variouskinds.
MISCELLANEOUS,Mixed; mingled; consisting of several things; of diverse
sorts;promiscuous; heterogeneous; as, a miscellaneous collection. "Amiscellaneous
rabble." Milton.-- Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ly, adv.-- Mis`cel*la"ne*ous*ness, n.
MISCELLANIST,A writer of miscellanies; miscellanarian.
MISCELLANY,A mass or mixture of various things; a medley; esp., acollection of
compositions on various subjects.'T is but a bundle or miscellany of sin; sins
original, and sinsactual. Hewyt.Miscellany madam, a woman who dealt in various
fineries; a milliner.[Obs.] B. Jonson.
MISCENSURE,To misjudge. [Obs.] Daniel.-- n.
MISCHANCE,Ill luck; ill fortune; mishap. Chaucer.Never come mischance between us
twain. Shak.
MISCHANCEFUL,Unlucky. R. Browning.
MISCHARACTERIZE,To characterize falsely or erroneously; to give a wrongcharacter
to.They totally mischaracterize the action. Eton.
MISCHARGE,To charge erroneously, as in account.-- n.
MISCHIEF,To do harm to. [Obs.] Milton.
MISCHIEF-MAKER,One who makes mischief; one who excites or instigates quarrelsor
enmity.
MISCHIEF-MAKING,Causing harm; exciting enmity or quarrels. Rowe.-- n.
MISCHIEFABLE,Mischievous. [R.] Lydgate.
MISCHIEFFUL,Mischievous. [Obs.] Foote.
MISCHIEVOUS,Causing mischief; harmful; hurtful; -- now often applied wherethe evil
is done carelessly or in sport; as, a mischievous child."Most mischievous foul
sin." Shak.This false, wily, doubling disposition is intolerably mischievous
tosociety. South.
MISCHNA,See Mishna.
MISCHNIC,See Mishnic.
MISCHOOSE,To choose wrongly. Milton.
MISCHRISTEN,To christen wrongly.
MISCIBILITY,Capability of being mixed.
MISCIBLE,Capable of being mixed; mixable; as, water and alcohol aremiscible in all
proportions. Burke.
MISCITATION,Erroneous citation.
MISCITE,To cite erroneously.
MISCLAIM,A mistaken claim.
MISCOGNIZANT,Not cognizant; ignorant; not knowing.
MISCOGNIZE,To fail to apprehend; to misunderstand. [Obs.] Holland.
MISCOLLOCATION,Wrong collocation. De Quincey.
MISCOLOR,To give a wrong color to; figuratively, to set fortherroneously or
unfairly; as, to miscolor facts. C. Kingsley.
MISCOMFORT,Discomfort. [Obs.]
MISCOMPREHEND,To get a wrong idea of or about; to misunderstand.
MISCOMPUTATION,Erroneous computation; false reckoning.
MISCOMPUTE,To compute erroneously. Sir T. Browne.
MISCONCEIT,Misconception. [Obs.]
MISCONCEIVE,To conceive wrongly; to interpret incorrectly; to receive afalse notion
of; to misjudge; to misapprehend.Those things which, for want of due consideration
heretofore, theyhave misconceived. Hooker.
MISCONCEIVER,One who misconceives.
MISCONCEPTION,Erroneous conception; false opinion; wrong understanding.Harvey.
MISCONCLUSION,An erroneous inference or conclusion. Bp. Hall.
MISCONDUCT,Wrong conduct; bad behavior; mismanagement. Addison.
MISCONFIDENT,Having a mistaken confidence; wrongly trusting. [R.] Bp. Hall.
MISCONJECTURE,A wrong conjecture or guess. Sir T. Browne.
MISCONSECRATE,To consecrate amiss. "Misconsecrated flags." Bp. Hall.
MISCONSECRATION,Wrong consecration.
MISCONSEQUENCE,A wrong consequence; a false deduction.
MISCONSTRUABLE,Such as can be misconstrued, as language or conduct. R. North.
MISCONSTRUCT,To construct wrongly; to construe or interpret erroneously.
MISCONSTRUCTION,Erroneous construction; wrong interpretation. Bp.Stillingfleet.
MISCONSTRUE,To construe wrongly; to interpret erroneously.Do not, great sir,
misconstrue his intent. Dryden.Much afflicted to find his actions misconstrued.
Addison.
MISCONSTRUER,One who misconstrues.
MISCONTENT,Discontent. [Obs.]
MISCONTINUANCE,Discontinuance; also, continuance by undue process.
MISCOPY,To copy amiss.
MISCORRECT,To fail or err in attempting to correct. "Scaliger miscorrectshis
author." Dryden.
MISCOUNSEL,To counsel or advise wrongly.
MISCOUNT,To count erroneously.
MISCOVET,To covet wrongfully. [Obs.]
MISCREATE,Miscreated; illegitimate; forged; as, miscreate titles. [Obs.or Poet.]
Shak.
MISCREATED,Formed unnaturally or illegitimately; deformed. Spenser.Milton.
MISCREATIVE,Creating amiss. [R.]
MISCREDENT,A miscreant, or believer in a false religious doctrine. [Obs.]Holinshed.
MISCREDULITY,Wrong credulity or belief; misbelief. Bp. Hall.
MISCUE,A false stroke with a billiard cue, the cue slipping from theball struck
without impelling it as desired.
MISDATE,To date erroneously. Young.
MISDEAL,To deal or distribute wrongly, as cards; to make a wrongdistribution.
MISDEED,An evil deed; a wicked action.Evils which our own misdeeds have wrought.
Milton.
MISDEEM,To misjudge. [Obs.] Milton.
MISDEMEAN,To behave ill; -- with a reflexive pronoun; as, to misdemeanone's self.
MISDEMEANANT,One guilty of a misdemeanor. Sydney Smith.
MISDEMEANOR,A crime less than a felony. Wharton.
MISDEMPT,of Misdeem. Spenser.
MISDEPART,To distribute wrongly. [Obs.]He misdeparteth riches temporal. Chaucer.
MISDESCRIBE,To describe wrongly.
MISDESERT,Ill desert. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISDEVOTION,Mistaken devotion.
MISDIET,Improper. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISDIGHT,Arrayed, prepared, or furnished, unsuitably. [Archaic] Bp.Hall.
MISDIRECT,To give a wrong direction to; as, to misdirect a passenger, ora letter;
to misdirect one's energies. Shenstone.
MISDIRECTION,An error of a judge in charging the jury on a matter of law.Mozley &
W.
MISDISPOSITION,Erroneous disposal or application. Bp. Hall.
MISDISTINGUISH,To make wrong distinctions in or concerning. Hooker.
MISDIVIDE,To divide wrongly.
MISDIVISION,Wrong division.
MISDO,To do wrong; to commit a fault.I have misdone, and I endure the smart.
Dryden.
MISDOER,A wrongdoer. Spenser.
MISDOING,A wrong done; a fault or crime; an offense; as, it was mymisdoing.
MISDOUBT,To be suspicious of; to have suspicion. [Obs.]I do not misdoubt my wife.
Shak.
MISDOUBTFUL,Misgiving; hesitating. [Obs.] "Her misdoubtful mind." Spenser.
MISDREAD,Dread of evil. [Obs.]
MISE,The issue in a writ of right.
MISEASE,Want of ease; discomfort; misery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISEASED,Having discomfort or misery; troubled. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISEASY,Not easy; painful. [Obs.]
MISEDITION,An incorrect or spurious edition. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MISEDUCATE,To educate in a wrong manner.
MISEMPLOY,To employ amiss; as, to misemploy time, advantages, talents,etc.Their
frugal father's gains they misemploy. Dryden.
MISEMPLOYMENT,Wrong or mistaken employment. Johnson.
MISENTER,To enter or insert wrongly, as a charge in an account.
MISENTREAT,To treat wrongfully. [Obs.] Grafton.
MISENTRY,An erroneous entry or charge, as of an account.
MISERABLE,A miserable person. [Obs.] Sterne.
MISERABLENESS,The state or quality of being miserable.
MISERABLY,In a miserable; unhappily; calamitously; wretchedly; meanly.They were
miserably entertained. Sir P. Sidney.The fifth was miserably stabbed to death.
South.
MISERATION,Commiseration. [Obs.]
MISERERE,The psalm usually appointed for penitential acts, being the50th psalm in
the Latin version. It commences with the word miserere.
MISERICORDE,Same as Misericordia, 2.
MISERICORDIA,An amercement. Burrill.
MISERLY,Like a miser; very covetous; sordid; niggardly.
MISESTEEM,Want of esteem; disrespect. Johnson.
MISESTIMATE,To estimate erroneously. J. S. Mill.
MISEXPLANATION,An erroneous explanation.
MISEXPLICATION,Wrong explication.
MISEXPOSITION,Wrong exposition.
MISEXPOUND,To expound erroneously.
MISEXPRESSION,Wrong expression.
MISFAITH,Want of faith; distrust. "[Anger] born of your misfaith."Tennyson.
MISFALL,To befall, as ill luck; to happen to unluckily. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISFARE,To fare ill. [Obs.] -- n.
MISFASHION,To form wrongly.
MISFEASANCE,A trespass; a wrong done; the improper doing of an act which aperson
might lawfully do. Bouvier. Wharton.
MISFEATURE,Ill feature. [R.] Keats.
MISFEELING,Insensate. [Obs.] Wyclif.
MISFEIGN,To feign with an evil design. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISFORM,To make in an ill form. Spenser.
MISFORMATION,Malformation.
MISFORTUNATE,Producing misfortune. [Obs.]
MISFORTUNE,Bad fortune or luck; calamity; an evil accident; disaster;mishap;
mischance.Consider why the change was wrought, You 'll find his misfortune, nothis
fault. Addison.
MISFORTUNED,Unfortunate. [Obs.]
MISFRAME,To frame wrongly.
MISGET,To get wrongfully. [Obs.]
MISGIE,See Misgye. [Obs.]
MISGIVE,To give out doubt and apprehension; to be fearful orirresolute. "My mind
misgives." Shak.
MISGIVING,Evil premonition; doubt; distrust. "Suspicious and misgivings."South.
MISGO,To go astray. Spenser.
MISGOTTEN,Unjustly gotten. Spenser.
MISGOVERN,To govern ill; as, to misgovern a country. Knolles.
MISGOVERNANCE,Misgovernment; misconduct; misbehavior. [Obs.] Chaucer.Spenser.
MISGOVERNED,Ill governed, as a people; ill directed. "Rude, misgovernedhands."
Shak.
MISGOVERNMENT,Bad government; want of government. Shak.
MISGRACIOUS,Not gracious. [Obs.]
MISGRAFF,To misgraft. [Obs.] Shak.
MISGRAFT,To graft wrongly.
MISGROUND,To found erroneously. "Misgrounded conceit." Bp. Hall.
MISGROWTH,Bad growth; an unnatural or abnormal growth.
MISGUESS,To guess wrongly.
MISGUIDANCE,Wrong guidance.
MISGUIDE,To guide wrongly; to lead astray; as, to misguide theunderstanding.
MISGUIDING,Misleading.-- Mis*guid"ing*ly, adv.
MISGYE,To misguide. [Obs.]
MISHANDLE,To handle ill or wrongly; to maltreat.
MISHAP,Evil accident; ill luck; misfortune; mischance. Chaucer.Secure from worldly
chances and mishaps. Shak.
MISHAPPEN,To happen ill or unluckily. Spenser.
MISHAPPY,Unhappy. [Obs.]
MISHCUP,The scup. [Local, U. S.]
MISHEAR,To hear incorrectly.
MISHMASH,A hotchpotch. Sir T. Herbert.
MISHNA,A collection or digest of Jewish traditions and explanations ofScripture,
forming the text of the Talmud. [Written also Mischna.]
MISHNIC,Of or pertaining to the Mishna.
MISIMAGINATION,Wrong imagination; delusion. Bp. Hall.
MISIMPROVE,To use for a bad purpose; to abuse; to misuse; as, tomisimprove time,
talents, advantages, etc. South.
MISIMPROVEMENT,Ill use or employment; use for a bad purpose.
MISINCLINE,To cause to have a wrong inclination or tendency; to affectwrongly.
MISINFER,To infer incorrectly.
MISINFORM,To give untrue information to; to inform wrongly.
MISINFORMANT,A misinformer.
MISINFORMATION,Untrue or incorrect information. Bacon.
MISINFORMER,One who gives or incorrect information.
MISINSTRUCT,To instruct amiss.
MISINSTRUCTION,Wrong or improper instruction.
MISINTEND,To aim amiss. [Obs.]
MISINTERPRET,To interpret erroneously; to understand or to explain in awrong sense.
MISINTERPRETABLE,Capable of being misinterpreted; liable to be misunderstood.
MISINTERPRETATION,The act of interpreting erroneously; a mistaken interpretation.
MISINTERPRETER,One who interprets erroneously.
MISJOIN,To join unfitly or improperly.
MISJOINDER,An incorrect union of parties or of causes of action in aprocedure,
criminal or civil. Wharton.
MISJUDGE,To judge erroneously or unjustly; to err in judgment; tomisconstrue.
MISJUDGMENT,A wrong or unjust judgment.
MISKEEP,To keep wrongly. Chaucer.
MISKEN,Not to know. [Obs.]
MISKIN,A little bagpipe. [Obs.] Drayton.
MISKINDLE,To kindle amiss; to inflame to a bad purpose; to excitewrongly.
MISKNOW,To have a mistaken notion of or about. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MISLACTATION,Defective flow or vitiated condition of the milk.
MISLAYER,One who mislays.
MISLE,To rain in very fine drops, like a thick mist; to mizzle.
MISLEAD,To lead into a wrong way or path; to lead astray; to guide intoerror; to
cause to mistake; to deceive.Trust not servants who mislead or misinform you.
Bacon.To give due light To the mislead and lonely traveler. Milton.
MISLEADER,One who leads into error.
MISLEADING,Leading astray; delusive.
MISLEARN,To learn wrongly.
MISLED,of Mislead.
MISLEN,See Maslin.
MISLETOE,See Mistletoe.
MISLIGHT,To deceive or lead astray with a false light. Herrick.
MISLIKE,To dislike; to disapprove of; to have aversion to; as, tomislike a man.Who
may like or mislike what he says. I. Taylor.
MISLIKER,One who dislikes.
MISLIKING,Dislike; aversion.
MISLIN,See Maslin.
MISLIVE,To live amiss.
MISLODGE,To lodge amiss. [Obs.]
MISLUCK,Ill luck; misfortune.
MISLY,Raining in very small drops.
MISMAKE,To make or form amiss; to spoil in making. "Limpingpossibilities of mismade
human nature." Mrs. Browning.
MISMANAGE,To manage ill or improperly; as, to mismanage public affairs.
MISMANAGEMENT,Wrong or bad management; as, he failed through mismagement.
MISMANAGER,One who manages ill.
MISMARK,To mark wrongly.
MISMATCH,To match unsuitably.
MISMATE,To mate wrongly or unsuitably; as, to mismate gloves or shoes;a mismated
couple.
MISMEASURE,To measure or estimate incorrectly.
MISMEASUREMENT,Wrong measurement.
MISMETER,To give the wrong meter to, as to a line of verse. [R.]Chaucer.
MISNAME,To call by the wrong name; to give a wrong or inappropriatename to.
MISNOMER,The misnaming of a person in a legal instrument, as in acomplaint or
indictment; any misnaming of a person or thing; a wrongor inapplicable name or
title.Many of the changes, by a great misnomer, called parliamentary"reforms".
Burke.The word "synonym" is fact a misnomer. Whatel
MISNUMBER,To number wrongly.
MISNURTURE,To nurture or train wrongly; as, to misnurture children. Bp.Hall.
MISOBEDIENCE,Mistaken obedience; disobedience. [Obs.] Milton.
MISOBSERVE,To observe inaccurately; to mistake in observing. Locke.
MISOBSERVER,One who misobserves; one who fails to observe properly.
MISOGAMIST,A hater of marriage.
MISOGAMY,Hatre
MISOGYNIST,A woman hater. Fuller.
MISOGYNOUS,Hating women.
MISOGYNY,Hatred of women. Johnson.
MISOLOGY,Hatred of argument or discussion; hatred of enlightenment. G.H. Lewes.
MISOPINION,Wrong opinion. [Obs.]
MISORDER,To order ill; to manage erroneously; to conduct badly. [Obs.]Shak.
MISORDERLY,Irregular; disorderly. [Obs.]
MISORDINATION,Wrong ordination.
MISOTHEISM,Hatred of God. De Quincey.
MISPAINT,To paint ill, or wrongly.
MISPASSION,Wrong passion or feeling. [Obs.]
MISPAY,To dissatisfy. [Obs.]
MISPENSE,See Misspense. Bp. Hall.
MISPERCEPTION,Erroneous perception.
MISPERSUADE,To persuade amiss.
MISPERSUASION,A false persuasion; wrong notion or opinion. Dr. H. More.
MISPICKEL,Arsenical iron pyrites; arsenopyrite.
MISPLACE,To put in a wrong place; to set or place on an improper orunworthy object;
as, he misplaced his confidence.
MISPLACEMENT,The act of misplacing, or the state of being misplaced.
MISPLEAD,To err in pleading.
MISPLEADING,An error in pleading.
MISPOINT,To point improperly; to punctuate wrongly.
MISPOLICY,Wrong policy; impolicy.
MISPRACTICE,Wrong practice.
MISPRAISE,To praise amiss.
MISPRINT,To print wrong.
MISPRISE,See Misprize. [Obs.] Shak.
MISPRISION,A neglect, negligence, or contempt.
MISPRIZE,To slight or undervalue.O, for those vanished hours, so much misprized!
Hillhouse.I do not blame them, madam, nor misprize. Mrs. Browning.
MISPROCEEDING,Wrong or irregular proceding.
MISPROFESS,To make a false profession; to make pretensions to skill whichis not
possessed.
MISPRONOUNCE,To pronounce incorrectly.
MISPRONUNCIATION,Wrong or improper pronunciation.
MISPROPORTION,To give wrong proportions to; to join without due proportion.
MISPROUD,Viciously proud. [Obs.] Shak.
MISPUNCTUATE,To punctuate wrongly or incorrectly.
MISQUOTATION,Erroneous or inaccurate quotation.
MISQUOTE,To quote erroneously or incorrectly. Shak.
MISRAISE,To raise or exite unreasonable. "Misraised fury." Bp. Hall.
MISRATE,To rate erroneously.
MISREAD,To read amiss; to misunderstand in reading.
MISRECEIVE,To receive wrongly.
MISRECITAL,An inaccurate recital.
MISRECITE,To recite erroneously.
MISRECKON,To reckon wrongly; to miscalculate. Swift.
MISRECKONING,An erroneous computation.
MISRECOLLECT,To have an erroneous remembrance of; to suppose erroneouslythat one
recollects. Hitchcock.
MISRECOLLECTION,Erroneous or inaccurate recollection.
MISREFORM,To reform wrongly or imperfectly.
MISREGARD,Wrong understanding; misconstruction. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISREGULATE,To regulate wrongly or imperfectly; to fail to regulate.
MISREHEARSE,To rehearse or quote incorrectly. Sir T. More.
MISRELATE,To relate inaccurately.
MISRELATION,Erroneous relation or narration. Abp. Bramhall.
MISRELIGION,False religion. [R.]
MISREMEMBER,To mistake in remembering; not to remember correctly. Sir T.More.
MISRENDER,To render wrongly; to translate or recite wrongly. Boyle.
MISREPEAT,To repeat wrongly; to give a wrong version of. Gov. Winthrop.
MISREPORT,To report erroneously; to give an incorrect account of. Locke.
MISREPRESENT,To represent incorrectly (almost always, unfacorably); to givea false
erroneous representation of, either maliciously, ignirantly,or carelessly. Swift.
MISREPRESENTATION,Untrue representation; false or incorrect statement or account;--
usually unfavorable to the thing represented; as, amisrepresentation of a person's
motives. Sydney Smith.
MISREPRESENTATIVE,Tending to convey a wrong impression; misrepresenting.
MISREPRESENTER,One who misrepresents.
MISREPUTE,To have in wrong estimation; to repute or estimate erroneously.
MISRULE,To rule badly; to misgovern.
MISRULY,Unruly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MISS,In the game of three-card loo, an extra hand, dealt on thetable, which may be
substituted for the hand dealt to a player.
MISSA,The service or sacrifice of the Mass.
MISSAL,The book containing the service of the Mass for the entireyear; a Mass book.
MISSAY,To speak ill. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISSEEK,To seek for wrongly. [Obs.]
MISSEL,Mistletoe. [Obs.] Missel bird, Missel thrush (Zoöl.), a largeEuropean thrush
(Turdus viscivorus) which feeds on the berries of themistletoe; -- called also
mistletoe thrush and missel.
MISSELDINE,The mistletoe. [Obs.] Baret.
MISSELTOE,See Mistletoe.
MISSEMBLANCE,False resemblance or semblance. [Obs.]
MISSEND,To send amiss or incorrectly.
MISSERVE,To serve unfaithfully.
MISSET,To set pr place wrongly.
MISSHAPE,To shape ill; to give an ill or unnatural from to; to deform."Figures
monstrous and misshaped." Pope.
MISSHAPEN,Having a bad or ugly form. "The mountains are misshapen."Bentley.--
Mis*shap"en*ly, adv.-- Mis*shap"en*ness, n.
MISSHEATHED,Sheathed by mistake; wrongly sheathed; sheathed in a wrongplace. Shak.
MISSIFICATE,To perform Mass. [Obs.] Milton.
MISSILE,Capable of being thrown; adapted for hurling or to be projectedfrom the
hand, or from any instrument or rngine, so as to strike anobject at a distance.We
bend the bow, or wing the missile dart. Pope.
MISSING,Absent from the place where it was expected to be found; lost;wanting; not
present when called or looked for.Neither was there aught missing unto them. 1 Sam.
xxv. 7.For a time caught up to God, as once Moses was in the mount, andmissing
long. Milton.
MISSINGLY,With a sense of loss. [Obs.] Shak.
MISSION,To send on a mission. [Mostly used in the form of the pastparticiple.]
Keats.
MISSIONARY,One who is sent on a mission; especially, one sent to propagatereligion.
Swift. Missionary apostolic, a Roman Catholic missionarysent by commission from the
pope.
MISSIONER,A missionary; an envoy; one who conducts a mission. SeeMission, n., 6.
"Like mighty missioner you come." Dryden.
MISSIS,A mistress; a wife; -- so used by the illiterate. G. Eliot.
MISSISH,Like a miss; prim; affected; sentimental.-- Miss"ish*ness, n.
MISSIT,To sit badly or imperfectly upon; to misbecome. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISSOUND,To sound wrongly; to utter or pronounce incorrectly. E,Hall.
MISSPEAK,To err in speaking.
MISSPEECH,Wrong speech. [Obs.]
MISSPELL,To spell incorrectly.
MISSPELLING,A wrong spelling.
MISSPEND,To spend amiss or for wrong purposes; to aquander; to waste;as, to
misspend time or money. J. Philips.
MISSPENDER,One who misspends.
MISSPENSE,A spending improperly; a wasting. [Obs.] Barrow.
MISSPENT,of Misspend.
MISSTATE,To state wrongly; as, to misstate a question in debate. Bp.Sanderson.
MISSTATEMENT,An incorrect statement.
MISSTAYED,Having missed stays; -- said of a ship.
MISSTEP,A wrong step; an error of conduct.
MISSUCCESS,Failure. [Obs.]
MISSUGGESTION,Wrong or evil suggestion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MISSUMMATION,Wrong summation.
MISSWEAR,To swear falsely.
MISSY,See Misy.
MIST,To cloud; to cover with mist; to dim. Shak.
MISTAKABLE,Liable to be mistaken; capable of being misconceived. Sir T.Browne.
MISTAKE,To err in knowledge, perception, opinion, or judgment; tocommit an
unintentional error.Servants mistake, and sometimes occasion misunderstanding
amongfriends. Swift.
MISTAKENLY,By mistake. Goldsmith.
MISTAKENNESS,Erroneousness.
MISTAKER,One who mistakes.Well meaning ignorance of some mistakers. Bp. Hall.
MISTAKING,An error; a mistake. Shak.
MISTAKINGLY,Erroneously.
MISTAUGHT,Wrongly taught; as, a mistaught youth. L'Estrange.
MISTEACH,To teach wrongly; to instruct erroneously.
MISTELL,To tell erroneously.
MISTEMPER,To temper ill; to disorder; as, to mistemper one's head.Warner.This
inundation of mistempered humor. Shak.
MISTER,A title of courtesy prefixed to the name of a man or youth. Itis usually
written in the abbreviated form Mr.To call your name, inquire your where, Or whet
you think of MisterSome-one's book, Or Mister Other's marriage or decease.
Mrs.Browning.
MISTERM,To call by a wrong name; to miscall.
MISTERY,See Mystery, a trade.
MISTFUL,Clouded with, or as with, mist.
MISTHINK,To think wrongly. [Obs.] "Adam misthought of her." Milton.
MISTHOUGHT,Erroneous thought; mistaken opinion; error. [Obs.] Spenser.
MISTHRIVE,To thrive poorly; to be not thrifty or prosperous. [Obs.]
MISTHROW,To throw wrongly.
MISTIDE,To happen or come to pass unfortunately; also, to suffer evilfortune.
[Obs.]
MISTIHEAD,Mistiness. [Obs.]
MISTILY,With mist; darkly; obscurely.
MISTIME,To time wrongly; not to adapt to the time.
MISTINESS,State of being misty.
MISTION,Mixture. [Obs.]
MISTITLE,To call by a wrong title.
MISTLE,To fall in very fine drops, as rain.
MISTLETOE,A parasitic evergreen plant of Europe (Viscum album), bearing aglutinous
fruit. When found upon the oak, where it is rare, it was anobject of superstitious
regard among the Druids. A bird lime isprepared from its fruit. [Written also
misletoe, misseltoe, andmistleto.] Lindley. Loudon.
MISTONUSK,The American badger.
MISTOOK,of Mistake.
MISTRADITION,A wrong tradition. "Monsters of mistradition." Tennyson.
MISTRAIN,To train amiss.
MISTRAL,A violent and cold northwest wind experienced in theMediterranean provinces
of France, etc.
MISTRANSLATE,To translate erroneously.
MISTRANSLATION,Wrong translation.
MISTRANSPORT,To carry away or mislead wrongfully, as by passion. [Obs.] Bp.Hall.
MISTREADING,Misstep; misbehavior. "To punish my mistreadings." Shak.
MISTREAT,To treat amiss; to abuse.
MISTREATMENT,Wrong treatment.
MISTRESS,To wait upon a mistress; to be courting. [Obs.] Donne.
MISTRIAL,A false or erroneous trial; a trial which has no result.
MISTRIST,To mistrust. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISTROW,To think wrongly. [Obs.]
MISTRUST,Want of confidence or trust; suspicion; distrust. Milton.
MISTRUSTER,One who mistrusts.
MISTRUSTFUL,Having or causing mistrust, suspicions, or forebodings.Their light
blown out in some mistrustful wood. Shak.-- Mis*trust"ful*ly, adv.--
Mis*trust"ful*ness, n.
MISTRUSTINGLY,With distrust or suspicion.
MISTRUSTLESS,Having no mistrust or suspicion.The swain mistrustless of his smutted
face. Goldsmith.
MISTUNE,To tune wrongly.
MISTURN,To turn amiss; to pervert.
MISTUTOR,To instruct amiss.
MISUNDERSTAND,To misconceive; to mistake; to miscomprehend; to take in awrong
sense.
MISUNDERSTANDER,One who misunderstands. Sir T. More.
MISURATO,Measured; -- a direction to perform a passage in strict ormeasured time.
MISUSAGE,Bad treatment; abuse. Spenser.
MISUSEMENT,Misuse. [Obs.]
MISUSER,Unlawful use of a right; use in excess of, or varying from,one's right.
Bouvier.
MISVALUE,To value wrongly or too little; to undervalue.But for I am so young, I
dread my work Wot be misvalued both of oldand young. W. Browne.
MISVOUCH,To vouch falsely.
MISWANDER,To wander in a wrong path; to stray; to go astray. [Obs.]Chaucer.
MISWAY,A wrong way. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MISWEAR,To wear ill. [Obs.] Bacon.
MISWED,To wed improperly.
MISWEEN,To ween amiss; to misjudge; to distrust; to be mistaken. [Obs.]Spenser.
MISWEND,To go wrong; to go astray. [Obs.] "The world is miswent."Gower.
MISWORD,To word wrongly; as, to misword a message, or a sentence.
MISWORSHIP,Wrong or false worship; mistaken practices in religion. Bp.Hall.Such
hideous jungle of misworships. Carlyle.
MISWORSHIPER,One who worships wrongly.
MISWRITE,To write incorrectly.
MISWROUGHT,Badly wrought. Bacon.
MISY,An impure yellow sulphate of iron; yellow copperas orcopiapite.
MISYOKE,To yoke improperly.
MISZEALOUS,Mistakenly zealous. [Obs.]
MITE,A minute arachnid, of the order Acarina, of which there aremany species; as,
the cheese mite, sugar mite, harvest mite, etc. SeeAcarina.
MITERWORT,Any plant of the genus Mitella, -- slender, perennial herbswith a pod
slightly resembling a bishop's miter; bishop's cap. Falsemiterwort, a white-
flowered perennial herb of the United States(Tiarella cardifolia).
MITHIC,See Mythic.
MITHRAS,The sun god of the Persians.
MITHRIDATE,An antidote against poison, or a composition in form of anelectuary,
supposed to serve either as a remedy or a preservativeagainst poison; an
alexipharmic; -- so called from King Mithridates,its reputed inventor.[Love is] a
drop of the true elixir; no mithridate so effectualagainst the infection of vice.
Southey.
MITHRIDATIC,Of or pertaining to King Mithridates, or to a mithridate.
MITIGABLE,Admitting of mitigation; that may be mitigated.
MITIGANT,Tending to mitigate; mitigating; lentitive. Johnson.
MITIGATION,The act of mitigating, or the state of being mitigated;abatement or
diminution of anything painful, harsh, severe,afflictive, or calamitous; as, the
mitigation of pain, grief, rigor,severity, punishment, or penalty.
MITIGATIVE,Tending to mitigate; alleviating.
MITIGATOR,One who, or that which, mitigates.
MITIGATORY,Tending to mitigate or alleviate; mitigative.
MITING,A little one; -- used as a term of endearment. [Obs.] Skelton.
MITIS CASTING,A process, invented by P. Ostberg, for producing malleable
ironcastings by melting wrought iron, to which from 0.05 to 0.1 per centof
aluminium is added to lower the melting point, usually in apetroleum furnace,
keeping the molten metal at the bubbling pointuntil it becomes quiet, and then
pouring the molten metal into a moldlined with a special mixture consisting
essentially of molasses andground burnt fire clay; also, a casting made by this
process; --called also wrought-iron casting.
MITIS METAL,The malleable iron produced by mitis casting; -- called alsosimply
mitis.
MITOME,The denser part of the protoplasm of a cell.
MITOSIS,See Karyokinesis.
MITOTIC,Of or pertaining to mitosis; karyokinetic; as, mitotic celldivision; --
opposed to amitotic. --Mi*tot"ic*al*ly (#), adv.
MITRAILLE,Shot or bits of iron used sometimes in loading cannon.
MITRAILLEUR,One who serves a mitrailleuse.
MITRAILLEUSE,A breech-loading machine gun consisting of a number of barrelsfitted
together, so arranged that the barrels can be firedsimultaneously, or successively,
and rapidly.
MITRAL,Pertaining to a miter; resembling a miter; as, the mitral valvebetween the
left auricle and left ventricle of the heart.
MITRE,See Miter.
MITRIFORM,Having the form of a miter, or a peaked cap; as, a mitriformcalyptra.
Gray.
MITT,A mitten; also, a covering for the wrist and hand and not forthe fingers.
MITTENED,Covered with a mitten or mittens. "Mittened hands." Whittier.
MITTENT,Sending forth; emitting. [Obs.] Wiseman.
MITTIMUS,A pigment of a green color, the chief constituent of which isoxide of
chromium.
MITTY,The stormy petrel. [Prov. Eng.]
MITU,A South American curassow of the genus Mitua.
MITY,Having, or abounding with, mites.
MIXABLE,Capable of being mixed.
MIXED,Formed by mixing; united; mingled; blended. See Mix, v. t. & i.Mixed action
(Law), a suit combining the properties of a real and apersonal action.-- Mixed
angle, a mixtilineal angle.-- Mixed fabric, a textile fabric composed of two or
more kinds offiber, as a poplin.-- Mixed marriage, a marriage between persons of
different races orreligions; specifically, one between a Roman Catholic and
aProtestant.-- Mixed number, a whole number and a fraction taken together.-- Mixed
train, a railway train containing both passenger andfreight cars.-- Mixed voices
(Mus.), voices of both males and females united inthe same performance.
MIXEDLY,In a mixed or mingled manner.
MIXEN,A compost heap; a dunghill. Chaucer. Tennyson.
MIXER,One who, or that which, mixes.
MIXOGAMOUS,Pairing with several males; -- said of certain fishes of whichseveral
males accompany each female during spawning.
MIXOLYDIAN MODE,The seventh ecclesiastical mode, whose scale commences on G.
MIXTLY,With mixture; in a mixed manner; mixedly. Bacon.
MIXTURE,A kind of liquid medicine made up of many ingredients; esp., asopposed to
solution, a liquid preparation in which the solidingredients are not completely
dissolved.
MIZMAZE,A maze or labyrinth. [Obs.]
MIZZEN,Hindmost; nearest the stern; as, the mizzen shrouds, sails,etc.
MIZZENMAST,The hindmost mast of a three-masted vessel, or of a yawl-riggedvessel.
MIZZLE,Mist; fine rain.
MIZZY,A bog or quagmire. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
MNEMONICIAN,One who instructs in the art of improving or using the memory.
MNEMONICS,The art of memory; a system of precepts and rules intended toassist the
memory; artificial memory.
MNEMOSYNE,The goddess of memory and the mother of the Muses.
MNEMOTECHNY,Mnemonics.
MO,More; -- usually, more in number. [Obs.]An hundred thousand mo. Chaucer.Likely
to find mo to commend than to imitate it. Fuller.
MOA,Any one of several very large extinct species of wingless birdsbelonging to
Dinornis, and other related genera, of the suborderDinornithes, found in New
Zealand. They are allied to the apteryx andthe ostrich. They were probably
exterminated by the natives beforeNew Zealand was discovered by Europeans. Some
species were muchlarger than the ostrich.
MOABITE STONE,A block of black basalt, found at Dibon in Moab by Rev. F. A.Klein,
Aug. 19, 1868, which bears an inscription of thirty-fourlines, dating from the 9th
century b. c., and written in the Moabitealphabet, the oldest Phonician type of the
Semitic alphabet. Itrecords the victories of Mesha, king of Moab, esp. those over
Israel(2 Kings iii. 4, 5, 27).
MOABITE,One of the posterity of Moab, the son of Lot. (Gen. xix. 37.)Also used
adjectively.
MOABITESS,A female Moabite. Ruth i. 22.
MOABITISH,Moabite. Ruth ii. 6.
MOANFUL,Full of moaning; expressing sorrow.-- Moan"ful*ly, adv.
MOAT,A deep trench around the rampart of a castle or other fortifiedplace,
sometimes filled with water; a ditch.
MOATE,To void the excrement, as a bird; to mute. [Obs.]
MOB,A mobcap. Goldsmith.
MOBBISH,Like a mob; tumultuous; lawless; as, a mobbish act. Bp. Kent.
MOBCAP,A plain cap or headdress for women or girls; especially, onetying under the
chin by a very broad band, generally of the samematerial as the cap itself.
Thackeray.
MOBILE,Capable of being moved, aroused, or excited; capable ofspontaneous movement.
MOBILIZATION,The act of mobilizing.
MOBILIZE,To put in a state of readiness for active service in war, as anarmy corps.
MOBLE,To wrap the head of in a hood. [Obs.] Shak.
MOBLES,See Moebles. [Obs.]
MOBOCRACY,A condition in which the lower classes of a nation controlpublic affairs
without respect to law, precedents, or vested rights.It is good name that Dr.
Stevens has given to our present situation(for one can not call it a government), a
mobocracy. Walpole.
MOBOCRAT,One who favors a form of government in which the unintelligentpopulace
rules without restraint. Bayne.
MOBOCRATIC,Of, or relating to, a mobocracy.
MOCCASIN,A poisonous snake of the Southern United States. The watermoccasin
(Ancistrodon piscivorus) is usually found in or near water.Above, it is olive
brown, barred with black; beneath, it is brownishyellow, mottled with darker. The
upland moccasin is Ancistrodonatrofuscus. They resemble rattlesnakes, but are
without rattles.Moccasin flower (Bot.), a species of lady's slipper
(Cypripediumacaule) found in North America. The lower petal is two inches long,and
forms a rose-colored moccasin-shaped pouch. It grows in richwoods under coniferous
trees.
MOCCASINED,Covered with, or wearing, a moccasin or moccasins. "Moccasinedfeet."
Harper's Mag.
MOCHE,A bale of raw silk.
MOCHEL,Much. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOCHILA,A large leather flap which covers the saddletree. [WesternU.S.]
MOCK,To make sport contempt or in jest; to speak in a scornful orjeering
manner.When thou mockest, shall no man make thee ashamed Job xi. 3.She had mocked
at his proposal. Froude.
MOCKABLE,Such as can be mocked. Shak.
MOCKADO,A stuff made in imitation of velvet; -- probably the same asmock velvet.
[Obs.]Our rich mockado doublet. Ford.
MOCKADOUR,See Mokadour. [Obs.]
MOCKAGE,Mockery. [Obs.] Fuller.
MOCKBIRD,The European sedge warbler (Acrocephalus phragmitis).
MOCKER,A mocking bird. Mocker nut (Bot.), a kind of hickory (Caryatomentosa) and
its fruit, which is far inferior to the true shagbarkhickory nut.
MOCKING,Imitating, esp. in derision, or so as to cause derision;mimicking;
derisive. Mocking bird (Zoöl.), a North American singingbird (Mimus polyglottos),
remarkable for its exact imitations of thenotes of other birds. Its back is gray;
the tail and wings areblackish, with a white patch on each wing; the outer tail
feathersare partly white. The name is also applied to other species of thesame
genus, found in Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies.-- Mocking thrush
(Zoöl.), any species of the genus Harporhynchus,as the brown thrush (H. rufus).--
Mocking wren (Zoöl.), any American wren of the genus Thryothorus,esp. T.
Ludovicianus.
MOCKINGLY,By way of derision; in a contemptuous or mocking manner.
MOCKINGSTOCK,A butt of sport; an object of derision. [R.]
MOCKISH,Mock; counterfeit; sham. [Obs.]
MOCKLE,See Mickle.
MOCO,A South American rodent (Cavia rupestris), allied to the Guineapig, but
larger; -- called also rock cavy.
MODAL,Indicating, or pertaining to, some mode of conceivingexistence, or of
expressing thought.
MODALIST,One who regards Father, Son, and Spirit as modes of being, andnot as
persons, thus denying personal distinction in the Trinity.Eadie.
MODALITY,A modal relation or quality; a mode or point of view underwhich an object
presents itself to the mind. According to Kant, thequality of propositions, as
assertory, problematical, or apodeictic.
MODALLY,In a modal manner.A compound proposition, the parts of which are united
modally ... bythe particles "as" and "so." Gibbs.
MODE,Any combination of qualities or relations, considered apartfrom the substance
to which they belong, and treated as entities;more generally, condition, or state
of being; manner or form ofarrangement or manifestation; form, as opposed to
matter.Modes I call such complex ideas, which, however compounded, containnot in
them the supposition of subsisting by themselves, but areconsidered as dependencies
on, or affections of, substances. Locke.
MODEL,Suitable to be taken as a model or pattern; as, a model house;a model
husband.
MODELER,One who models; hence, a worker in plastic art. [Written alsomodeller.]
MODELING,The act or art of making a model from which a work of art is tobe
executed; the formation of a work of art from some plasticmaterial. Also, in
painting, drawing, etc., the expression orindication of solid form. [Written also
modelling.] Modeling plane, asmall plane for planing rounded objects.-- Modeling
wax, beeswax melted with a little Venice turpentine, orother resinous material, and
tinted with coloring matter, usuallyred, -- used in modeling.
MODELIZE,To model. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
MODENA,A certain crimsonlike color. Good.
MODENESE,Of or pertaining to Modena or its inhabitants.-- n. sing. & pl.
MODER,To moderate. [Obs.]
MODERABLE,Modeate; temperate. [Obs.]
MODERANCE,Moderation. [Obs.] Caxton.
MODERATE,Kept within due bounds; observing reasonable limits; notexcessive,
extreme, violent, or rigorous; limited; restrained; as:(a) Limited in quantity;
sparing; temperate; frugal; as, moderate ineating or drinking; a moderate table.(b)
Limited in degree of activity, energy, or excitement; reasonable;calm; slow; as,
moderate language; moderate endeavors.(c) Not extreme in opinion, in partisanship,
and the like; as, amoderate Calvinist.A number of moderate members managed ... to
obtain a majority in athin house. Swift.
MODERATELY,In a moderate manner or degree; to a moderate extent.Each nymph but
moderately fair. Waller.
MODERATENESS,The quality or state of being moderate; temperateness;moderation.
MODERATION,The first public examinations for degrees at the University ofOxford; --
usually contracted to mods.
MODERATISM,Moderation in doctrines or opinion, especially in politics orreligion.
MODERATO,With a moderate degree of quickness; moderately. Allegromoderato, a little
slower than allegro.-- Andante moderato, a little faster than andante.
MODERATORSHIP,The office of a moderator.
MODERATRESS,A female moderator. Fuller.
MODERATRIX,A female moderator.
MODERN,A person of modern times; -- opposed to ancient. Pope.
MODERNISM,Modern practice; a thing of recent date; esp., a modern usageor mode of
expression.
MODERNIST,One who admires the moderns, or their ways and fashions.
MODERNITY,Modernness; something modern. Walpole.
MODERNIZATION,The act of rendering modern in style; the act or process ofcausing to
conform to modern of thinking or acting.
MODERNIZE,To render modern; to adapt to modern person or things; to causeto conform
to recent or present usage or taste. Percy.
MODERNIZER,One who modernizes.
MODERNLY,In modern times. Milton.
MODERNNESS,The quality or state of being modern; recentness; novelty. M.Arnold.
MODESTLY,In a modest manner.
MODICITY,Moderateness; smallness; meanness. [Obs.]
MODICUM,A little; a small quantity; a measured simply. "Modicums ofwit." Shak.Her
usual modicum of beer and punch. Thackeray.
MODIFIABILITY,Capability of being modified; state or quality of beingmodifiable.
MODIFIABLE,Capable of being modified; liable to modification.
MODIFICABLE,Modifiable. [Obs.]
MODIFICATE,To qualify. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
MODIFICATION,The act of modifying, or the state of being modified; amodified form
or condition; state as modified; a change; as, themodification of an opinion, or of
a machine; the variousmodifications of light. Bentley.
MODIFICATIVE,That which modifies or qualifies, as a word or clause.
MODIFICATORY,Tending or serving to modify; modifying. Max Müller.
MODIFIER,One who, or that which, modifies. Hume.
MODILLION,The enriched block or horizontal bracket generally found underthe cornice
of the Corinthian and Composite entablature, andsometimes, less ornamented, in the
Ionic and other orders; -- socalled because of its arrangement at regulated
distances.
MODIOLAR,Shaped like a bushel measure.
MODIOLUS,The central column in the osseous cochlea of the ear.
MODISH,According to the mode, or customary manner; conformed to thefashion;
fashionable; hence, conventional; as, a modish dress; amodish feast. Dryden.
"Modish forms of address." Barrow.-- Mod"ish*ly, adv.-- Mod"ish*ness, n.
MODIST,One who follows the fashion.
MODISTE,A female maker of, or dealer in, articles of fashion,especially of the
fashionable dress of ladies; a woman who givesdirection to the style or mode of
dress.
MODIUS,A dry measure, containing about a peck.
MODOCS,A tribe of warlike Indians formerly inhabiting NorthernCalifornia. They are
nearly extinct.
MODULAR,Of or pertaining to mode, modulation, module, or modius; as,modular
arrangement; modular accent; modular measure.
MODULATE,To pass from one key into another.
MODULATION,A change of key, whether transient, or until the music
becomesestablished in the new key; a shifting of the tonality of a piece, sothat
the harmonies all center upon a new keynote or tonic; the art oftransition out of
the original key into one nearly related, and soon, it may be, by successive
changes, into a key quite remote. Thereare also sudden and unprepared modulations.
MODULATOR,One who, or that which, modulates. Denham.
MODULE,The size of some one part, as the diameter of semi-diameter ofthe base of a
shaft, taken as a unit of measure by which theproportions of the other parts of the
composition are regulated.Generally, for columns, the semi-diameter is taken, and
divided intoa certain number of parts, called minutes (see Minute), though oftenthe
diameter is taken, and any dimension is said to be so manymodules and minutes in
height, breadth, or projection.
MODULUS,A quantity or coefficient, or constant, which expresses themeasure of some
specified force, property, or quality, as ofelasticity, strength, efficiency, etc.;
a parameter. Modulus of amachine, a formula expressing the work which a given
machine canperform under the conditions involved in its construction; therelation
between the work done upon a machine by the moving power,and that yielded at the
working points, either constantly, if itsmotion be uniform, or in the interval of
time which it occupies inpassing from any given velocity to the same velocity
again, if itsmotion be variable; -- called also the efficiency of the
machine.Mosley. Rankine.-- Modulus of a system of logarithms (Math.), a number by
which allthe Napierian logarithms must be multiplied to obtain the logarithmsin
another system.-- Modulus of elasticity. (a) The measure of the elastic force ofany
substance, expressed by the ratio of a stress on a given unit ofthe substance to
the accompanying distortion, or strain. (b) Anexpression of the force (usually in
terms of the height in feet orweight in pounds of a column of the same body) which
would benecessary to elongate a prismatic body of a transverse section equalto a
given unit, as a square inch or foot, to double, or to compressit to half, its
original length, were that degree of elongation orcompression possible, or within
the limits of elasticity; -- calledalso Young's modulus.-- Modulus of rupture, the
measure of the force necessary to break agiven substance across, as a beam,
expressed by eighteen times theload which is required to break a bar of one inch
square, supportedflatwise at two points one foot apart, and loaded in the
middlebetween the points of support. Rankine.
MODUS VIVENDI,Mode, or manner, of living; hence, a temporary arrangement ofaffairs
until disputed matters can be settled.
MODUS,A qualification involving the idea of variation or departurefrom some general
rule or form, in the way of either restriction orenlargement, according to the
circumstances of the case, as in thewill of a donor, an agreement between parties,
and the like. Bracton.
MODY,Fashionable. [R.]
MOE,A wry face or mouth; a mow. [Obs.]
MOEBLES,Movables; furniture; -- also used in the singular (moeble).[Obs.] Chaucer.
MOELLINE,An unguent for the hair.
MOELLON,Rubble masonry.
MOESOGOTHIC,Belonging to the Moesogoths, a branch of the Goths who settledin
Moesia.
MOEVE,To move. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOFF,A thin silk stuff made in Caucasia.
MOG,To move away; to go off. [Prov. Eng. or Local, U. S.]
MOGGAN,A closely fitting knit sleeve; also, a legging of knittedmaterial. [Scot.]
MOGUL,A heavy locomotive for freight traffic, having three pairs ofconnected
driving wheels and a two-wheeled truck. Great, or Grand,Mogul, the sovereign of the
empire founded in Hindostan by theMongols under Baber in the sixteenth century.
Hence, a very importantpersonage; a lord; -- sometimes only mogul. Dryden.
MOHA,A kind of millet (Setaria Italica); German millet.
MOHAIR,The long silky hair or wool of the Angora goat of Asia Minor;also, a fabric
made from this material, or an imitation of suchfabric.
MOHAMMEDAN CALENDAR,A lunar calendar reckoning from the year of the hegira, 622
a.d. Thirty of its years constitute a cycle, of which the 2d, 5th, 7th,10th, 13th,
16th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 26th, and 29th are leap years,having 355 days; the others
are common, having 354 days. By thefollowing tables any Mohammedan date may be
changed into theChristian date, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935 a. d.
MOHAMMEDAN ERA,The era in use in Mohammedan countries. See Mohammedan year,below.
MOHAMMEDAN YEAR,The year used by Mohammedans, consisting of twelve lunar
monthswithout intercalation, so that they retrograde through all theseasons in
about 32½ years. The Mohammedan era begins with the year622 a.d., the first day of
the Mohammedan year 1332 begin Nov. 30,1913, acording to the Gregorian calendar.
MOHAMMEDAN,Of or pertaining to Mohammed, or the religion and institutionsfounded by
Mohammed. [Written also Mahometan, Mahomedan, Muhammadan,etc.]
MOHAWK,One of a tribe of Indians who formed part of the Five Nations.They formerly
inhabited the valley of the Mohawk River.
MOHICANS,A tribe of Lenni-Lenape Indians who formerly inhabited WesternConnecticut
and Eastern New York. [Written also Mohegans.]
MOHO,A gallinule (Notornis Mantelli) formerly inhabiting NewZealand, but now
supposed to be extinct. It was incapable of flight.See Notornis.
MOHOCK,See Mohawk.
MOHOLI,See Maholi.
MOHR,A West African gazelle (Gazella mohr), having horns on whichare eleven or
twelve very prominent rings. It is one of the specieswhich produce bezoar. [Written
also mhorr.]
MOHUR,A British Indian gold coin, of the value of fifteen silverrupees, or $7.21.
Malcom.
MOIDER,To toil. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
MOIDORE,A gold coin of Portugal, valued at about 27s. sterling.
MOIL,To daub; to make dirty; to soil; to defile.Thou ... doest thy mind in dirty
pleasures moil. Spenser.
MOILE,A kind of high shoe anciently worn. [Written also moyle.]
MOINEAU,A small flat bastion, raised in the middle of an overlongcurtain.
MOIRA,The deity who assigns to every man his lot.
MOIRE METALLIQUE,A crystalline or frosted appearance produced by some acids ontin
plate; also, the tin plate thus treated.
MOIST,To moisten. [Obs.] Shak.
MOISTENER,One who, or that which, moistens. Johnson.
MOISTFUL,Full of moisture. [R.]
MOISTLESS,Without moisture; dry. [R.]
MOISTNESS,The quality or state of being moist.
MOISTURELESS,Without moisture.
MOISTY,Moist. [Obs.]
MOITHER,To perplex; to confuse. [Prov. Eng.] Lamb.
MOJARRA,Any of certain basslike marine fishes (mostly of tropical seas,and having a
deep, compressed body, protracile mouth, and largesilvery scales) constituting the
family Gerridæ, as Gerres plumieri,found from Florida to Brazil and used as food.
Also, any of numerousother fishes of similar appearance but belonging to other
families.
MOKADOUR,A handkerchief. [Obs.]
MOKE,A donkey. [Cant] Thackeray.
MOKY,Misty; dark; murky; muggy. [Obs.]
MOLA,See Sunfish, 1.
MOLAR,Of or pertaining to a mass of matter; -- said of the propertiesor motions of
masses, as distinguished from those of molecules oratoms. Carpenter.
MOLARY,Same as 2d Molar.
MOLASSE,A soft Tertiary sandstone; -- applied to a rock occurring inSwitzerland.
See Chart of Geology.
MOLASSES,The thick, brown or dark colored, viscid, uncrystallizablesirup which
drains from sugar, in the process of manufacture; anythick, viscid, sweet sirup
made from vegetable juice or sap, as ofthe sorghum or maple. See Treacle.
MOLD,A spot; a blemish; a mole. [Obs.] Spenser.
MOLE,A mass of fleshy or other more or less solid matter generatedin the uterus.
MOLE-EYED,Having eyes like those of the mole; having imperfect sight.
MOLEBUT,The sunfish (Orthagoriscus, or Mola). [Written also molebat.]
MOLECAST,A little elevation of earth made by a mole; a molehill.Mortimer.
MOLECH,The fire god of the Ammonites, to whom human sacrifices wereoffered; Moloch.
Lev. xviii. 21.
MOLECULAR,Pertaining to, connected with, produced by, or consisting of,molecules;
as, molecular forces; molecular groups of atoms, etc.Molecular attraction (Phys.),
attraction acting between the moleculesof bodies, and at insensible distances.--
Molecular weight (Chem.), the weight of a molecule of any gas orvapor as compared
with the hydrogen atom as a standard; the sum ofthe atomic weights of the
constituents of a molecule; thus, themolecular weight of water (H2O) is 18.
MOLECULARITY,The state of consisting of molecules; the state or quality ofbeing
molecular.
MOLECULARLY,With molecules; in the manner of molecules. W. R. Grove.
MOLECULE,The smallest part of any substance which possesses thecharacteristic
properties and qualities of that substance, and whichcan exist alone in a free
state.
MOLEHILL,A little hillock of earth thrown up by moles working underground; hence, a
very small hill, or an insignificant obstacle ordifficulty.Having leapt over such
mountains, lie down before a molehill. South.
MOLESKIN,Any fabric having a thick soft shag, like the fur of a mole;esp., a kind
of strong twilled fustian.
MOLEST,To trouble; to disturb; to render uneasy; to interfere with; tovex.They have
molested the church with needless opposition. Hooker.
MOLESTATION,The act of molesting, or the state of being molested;disturbance;
annoyance.
MOLESTER,One who molests.
MOLESTFUL,Troublesome; vexatious. [R.]
MOLEWARP,See Moldwarp.
MOLIMINOUS,Of great bulk or consequence; very important. [Obs.] Dr. H.More.
MOLINE,The crossed iron that supports the upper millstone by restingon the spindle;
a millrind. Cross moline (Her.), a cross each arm ofwhich is divided at the end
into two rounded branches or divisions.
MOLINISM,The doctrines of the Molinists, somewhat resembling the tenetsof the
Arminians.
MOLINIST,A follower of the opinions of Molina, a Spanish Jesuit (inrespect to
grace); an opposer of the Jansenists.
MOLL,Minor; in the minor mode; as, A moll, that is, A minor.
MOLLAH,One of the higher order of Turkish judges; also, a Turkishtitle of respect
for a religious and learned man. [Written alsomoolah.]
MOLLE,Lower by a semitone; flat; as, E molle, that is, E flat.
MOLLEBART,An agricultural implement used in Flanders, consisting of akind of large
shovel drawn by a horse and guided by a man. [Writtenalso mollebært and
mouldebært.] Simmonds.
MOLLEMOKE,Any one of several species of large pelagic petrels andfulmars, as
Fulmarus glacialis, of the North Atlantic, and severalspecies of Æstrelata, of the
Southern Ocean. See Fulmar. [Writtenalso mollymawk, malmock, mollemock, mallemocke,
etc.]
MOLLIENT,Serving to soften; assuaging; emollient.
MOLLIENTLY,Assuagingly.
MOLLIFIABLE,Capable of being mollified.
MOLLIFICATION,The act of mollifying, or the state of being mollified; asoftening.
Chaucer.
MOLLIFIER,One who, or that which, mollifies. Bacon.
MOLLINET,A little mill.
MOLLIPILOSE,Having soft hairs; downy.
MOLLITIES,Unnatural softness of any organ or part. Dunglison.
MOLLITUDE,Softness; effeminacy; weakness. [R.]
MOLLUSC,Same as Mollusk.
MOLLUSCA,One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom, including theclasses
Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, PteropodaScaphopoda, andLamellibranchiata, or Conchifera.
These animals have an unsegmentedbilateral body, with most of the organs and parts
paired, but notrepeated longitudinally. Most of them develop a mantle,
whichincloses either a branchial or a pulmonary cavity. They are generallymore or
less covered and protected by a calcareous shell, which maybe univalve, bivalve, or
multivalve.
MOLLUSCAN,Of or pertaining to mollusks.-- n.
MOLLUSCOID,Resembling the true mollusks; belonging to the Molluscoidea.-- n.
MOLLUSCOIDAL,Molluscoid.
MOLLUSCOIDEA,A division of Invertebrata which includes the classesBrachiopoda and
Bryozoa; -- called also Anthoid Mollusca.
MOLLUSCOUS,Molluscan.
MOLLUSCUM,A cutaneous disease characterized by numerous tumors, ofvarious forms,
filled with a thick matter; -- so called from theresemblance of the tumors to some
molluscous animals. Dunglison.
MOLLUSK,One of the Mollusca. [Written also mollusc.]
MOLLY,Same as Mollemoke.
MOLLY-MAWK,See Mollemoke.
MOLOCH,The fire god of the Ammonites in Canaan, to whom humansacrifices were
offered; Molech. Also applied figuratively.
MOLOSSE,See Molossus.
MOLOSSES,Molasses. [Obs.]
MOLOSSINE,A bat of the genus Molossus, as the monk bat.
MOLOSSUS,A foot of three long syllables. [Written also molosse.]
MOLT,of Melt. Chaucer. Spenser.
MOLTABLE,Capable of assuming a molten state; meltable; fusible. [Obs.]
MOLTO,Much; very; as, molto adagio, very slow.
MOLY,A kind of garlic (Allium Moly) with large yellow flowers; --called also golden
garlic.
MOLYBDATE,A salt of molybdic acid.
MOLYBDENA,See Molybdenite.
MOLYBDENITE,A mineral occurring in soft, lead-gray, foliated masses orscales,
resembling graphite; sulphide of molybdenum.
MOLYBDENOUS,See Molybdous.
MOLYBDENUM,A rare element of the chromium group, occurring in nature inthe minerals
molybdenite and wulfenite, and when reduced obtained asa hard, silver-white,
difficulty fusible metal. Symbol Mo. Atomicweight 95.9.
MOLYBDIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum; specif.,designating those
compounds in which the element has a highervalence, as contrasted with molybdous
compounds; as, molybdic oxide.
MOLYBDITE,Molybdic ocher.
MOLYBDOUS,Of, pertaining to, or containing, molybdenum; specif.,designating those
compounds in which molybdenum has a lower valenceas contrasted with molybdic
compounds.
MOME,A dull, silent person; a blockhead. [Obs.] Spenser.
MOMENT,An infinitesimal change in a varying quantity; an increment ordecrement.
[Obs.]
MOMENTAL,Of or pertaining to moment or momentum.
MOMENTALLY,For a moment. [Obs.]
MOMENTARILY,Every moment; from moment to moment. Shenstone.
MOMENTARINESS,The state or quality of being momentary; shortness of duration.
MOMENTARY,Done in a moment; continuing only a moment; lasting a veryshort time; as,
a momentary pang.This momentary joy breeds months of pain. Shak.
MOMENTOUS,Of moment or consequence; very important; weighty; as, amomentous
decision; momentous affairs.-- Mo*men"tous*ly, adv.-- Mo*men"tous*ness, n.
MOMENTUM,The quantity of motion in a moving body, being alwaysproportioned to the
quantity of matter multiplied into the velocity;impetus.
MOMIER,A name given in contempt to strict Calvinists in Switzerland,France, and
some parts of Germany, in the early part of the 19thcentury.
MOMMERY,See Mummery. Rowe.
MOMOT,See Motmot.
MOMUS,The god of mockery and censure.
MON-,Same as Mono-.
MONA,A small, handsome, long-tailed West American monkey(Cercopithecus mona). The
body is dark olive, with a spot of white onthe haunches.
MONACHAL,Of or pertaining to monks or a monastic life; monastic.
MONACHISM,The system and influences of a monastic life; monasticism.
MONACID,Having one hydrogen atom replaceable by a negative or acid atomor radical;
capable of neutralizing a monobasic acid; -- said ofbases, and of certain metals.
MONAD,The elementary and indestructible units which were conceived ofas endowed
with the power to produce all the changes they undergo,and thus determine all
physical and spiritual phenomena.
MONADARIA,The Infusoria.
MONADELPHIA,A Linnæan class of plants having the stamens united into atube, or
ring, by the filaments, as in the Mallow family.
MONADIFORM,Having the form of a monad; resembling a monad in having one ormore
filaments of vibratile protoplasm; as, monadiform young.
MONADOLOGY,The doctrine or theory of monads.
MONAL,Any Asiatic pheasant of the genus Lophophorus, as the Impeyanpheasant.
MONAMIDE,An amido compound with only one amido group.
MONAMINE,A basic compound containing one amido group; as, methyl amineis a
monamine.
MONANDER,One of the Monandria.
MONANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants embracing those having but a singlestamen.
MONANDRIAN,Same as Monandrous.
MONANDRIC,Of or pertaining to monandry; practicing monandry as a systemof marriage.
MONANDROUS,Of or pertaining to the monandria; having but one stamen.
MONANDRY,The possession by a woman of only one husband at the same time;--
contrasted with polyandry.
MONANTHOUS,Having but one flower; one-flowered. Gray.
MONARCH,A very large red and black butterfly (Danais Plexippus); --called also
milkweed butterfly.
MONARCHAL,Pertaining to a monarch; suiting a monarch; sovoreign;
regal;imperial.Satan, whom now transcendent glory raised Above his fellows,
withmonarchal pride. Milton.
MONARCHESS,A female monarch. [Obs.]
MONARCHIAL,Monarchic. Burke.
MONARCHIAN,One of a sect in the early Christian church which rejected thedoctrine
of the Trinity; -- called also patripassian.
MONARCHISM,The principles of, or preference for, monarchy.
MONARCHIST,An advocate of, or believer in, monarchy.
MONARCHIZE,To play the sovereign; to act the monarch. [R.] Shak.
MONARCHIZER,One who monarchizes; also, a monarchist.
MONARCHO,The nickname of a crackbrained Italian who fancied himself anemperor.
[Obs.] Shak.
MONAS,A genus of minute flagellate Infusoria of which there are manyspecies, both
free and attached. See Illust. under Monad.
MONASTERIAL,Of or pertaining to monastery, or to monastic life.--
Mon`as*te"ri*al*ly, adv.
MONASTERY,A house of religious retirement, or of secusion from ordinarytemporal
concerns, especially for monks; -- more rarely applied tosuch a house for females.
MONASTIC,A monk.
MONASTICALLY,In a monastic manner.
MONASTICISM,The monastic life, system, or condition. Milman.
MONASTICON,A book giving an account of monasteries.
MONAXIAL,Having only one axis; developing along a single line or plane;as, monaxial
development.
MONAZITE,A mineral occurring usually in small isolated crystals, --phosphate of the
cerium metals.
MONDAY,The second day of the week; the day following Sunday.
MONDE,The world; a globe as an ensign of royalty. [R.] A. Drummond.Le beau monde
Etym: [F.], fashionable society. See Beau monde.-- Demi monde. See Demimonde.
MONE,The moon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MONEMBRYONY,The condition of an ovule having but a single embryo.--
Mon*em`bry*on"ic, a.
MONER,One of the Monera.
MONERA,The lowest division of rhizopods, including those whichresemble the amoebas,
but are destitute of a nucleus.
MONERAL,Of or pertaining to the Monera.
MONERAN,Of or pertaining to the Monera.-- n.
MONERON,One of the Monera.
MONERULA,A germ in that stage of development in which its form is simplythat of a
non-nucleated mass of protoplasm. It precedes the one-celled germ. So called from
its likeness to a moner. Haeckel.
MONESIA,The bark, or a vegetable extract brought in solid cakes fromSouth America
and believed to be derived from the bark, of the treeChrysophyllum glycyphloeum. It
is used as an alterative andastringent.
MONESIN,The acrid principle of Monesia, sometimes used as a medicine.
MONEST,To warn; to admonish; to advise. [Obs.] Wyclif (2 Cor. v. 20).
MONETARY,Of or pertaining to money, or consisting of money; pecuniary."The monetary
relations of Europe." E. Everett. Monetary unit, thestandard of a national
currency, as the dollar in the United States,the pound in England, the franc in
France, the mark in Germany.
MONETH,A month. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MONETIZATION,The act or process of converting into money, or of adopting asmoney;
as, the monetization of silver.
MONETIZE,To convert into money; to adopt as current money; as, tomonetize silver.
MONEY,To supply with money. [Obs.]
MONEY-MAKING,The act or process of making money; the acquisition andaccumulation of
wealth.Obstinacy in money-making. Milman.
MONEYLESS,Destitute of money; penniless; impecunious. Swift.
MONEYWORT,A trailing plant (Lysimachia Nummularia), with rounded oppositeleaves and
solitary yellow flowers in their axils.
MONGCORN,See Mangcorn.
MONGER,To deal in; to make merchandise of; to traffic in; -- usedchiefly of
discreditable traffic.
MONGOL,One of the Mongols.-- a.
MONGOLIAN,Of or pertaining to Mongolia or the Mongols.-- n.
MONGOLIC,See Mongolian.
MONGOLOID,Resembling a Mongol or the Mongols; having racecharacteristics, such as
color, hair, and features, like those of theMongols. Huxley.
MONGREL,The progeny resulting from a cross between two breeds, as ofdomestic
animals; anything of mixed breed. Drayton.
MONGRELIZE,To cause to be mongrel; to cross breeds, so as to producemongrels.
MONIED,See Moneyed.
MONIFIER,A fossil fish.
MONILIALES,The largest of the three orders into which the Fungi Imperfectiare
divided, including various forms.
MONILIFORM,Joined or constricted, at regular intervals, so as to resemblea string
of beads; as, a moniliform root; a moniliform antenna. SeeIllust. of Antenna.
MONIMENT,Something to preserve memory; a reminder; a monument; hence, amark; an
image; a superscription; a record. [Obs.] Spenser.
MONISH,To admonish; to warn. See Admonish. [Archaic] Ascham.
MONISHER,One who monishes; an admonisher. [Archaic]
MONISHMENT,Admonition. [Archaic]
MONISM,That doctrine which refers all phenomena to a single ultimateconstituent or
agent; -- the opposite of dualism.
MONIST,A believer in monism.
MONISTIC,Of, pertaining to, or involving, monism.
MONITION,A process in the nature of a summons to appear and answer.
MONITIVE,Conveying admonition; admonitory. Barrow.
MONITOR NOZZLE,A nozzle capable of turning completely round in a horizontalplane
and having a limited play in a vertical plane, used inhydraulic mining, fire-
extinguishing apparatus, etc.
MONITOR,Any large Old World lizard of the genus Varanus; esp., theEgyptian species
(V. Niloticus), which is useful because it devoursthe eggs and young of the
crocodile. It is sometimes five or six feetlong.
MONITORIALLY,In a monitorial manner.
MONITORSHIP,The post or office of a monitor.
MONITORY,Giving admonition; instructing by way of caution; warning.Losses,
miscarriages, and disappointments, are monitory andinstructive. L'Estrange.
MONK,A blotch or spot of ink on a printed page, caused by the inknot being properly
distributed. It is distinguished from a friar, orwhite spot caused by a deficiency
of ink.
MONKEY,To act or treat as a monkey does; to ape; to act in a grotesqueor meddlesome
manner. To monkey with, to handle in a meddlesomemanner. [Colloq.]
MONKEY-BREAD,The fruit of the Adansonia digitata; also, the tree. SeeAdansonia.
MONKEY-CUP,See Nepenthes.
MONKEY-POT,The fruit of two South American trees (Lecythis Ollaria, and
L.Zabucajo), which have for their fruit large, pot-shaped, woodycapsules containing
delicious nuts, and opening almost explosively bya circular lid at the top. Vases
and pots are made of this capsule.
MONKEYTAIL,A short, round iron bar or lever used in naval gunnery. Totten.
MONKFLOWER,A name of certain curious orchids which bear three kinds offlowers
formerly referred to three genera, but now ascertained to besexually different
forms of the same genus (Catasetum tridentatum,etc.).
MONKING,Monkish. [R.] Coleridge.
MONKISH,Like a monk, or pertaining to monks; monastic; as, monkishmanners; monkish
dress; monkish solitude.-- Monk"ish*ness, n.
MONKLY,Like, or suitable to, a monk. [R.]
MONKSHOOD,A plant of the genus Aconitum; aconite. See Aconite.
MONO,The black howler of Central America (Mycetes villosus).
MONOBASIC,Capable of being neutralized by a univalent base or basicradical; having
but one acid hydrogen atom to be replaced; -- said ofacids; as, acetic, nitric, and
hydrochloric acids are monobasic.
MONOCARBONIC,Containing one carboxyl group; as, acetic acid is amonocarbonic acid.
MONOCARDIAN,Having a single heart, as fishes and amphibians.-- n.
MONOCARP,A monocarpic plant.
MONOCARPELLARY,Consisting of a single carpel, as the fruit of the pea, cherry,and
almond.
MONOCEPHALOUS,Having a solitary head; -- said of unbranched composite plants.
MONOCEROS,The Unicorn, a constellation situated to the east Orion.
MONOCHLAMYDEOUS,Having a single floral envelope, that is, a calyx without acorolla,
or, possibly, in rare cases, a corolla without a calyx.
MONOCHORD,An instrument for experimenting upon the mathematical relationsof musical
sounds. It consists of a single string stretched betweentwo bridges, one or both of
which are movable, and which stand upon agraduated rule for the purpose of readily
changing and measuring thelength of the part of the string between them.
MONOCHROMATIC,Consisting of one color, or presenting rays of light of onecolor
only. Monochromatic lamp (Opt.),a lamp whose flame yields raysof some one
homogenous light. It is of great importance in opticalexperiments.
MONOCHROME,A painting or drawing in a single color; a picture made with asingle
color.
MONOCHROMIC,Made, or done, with a single color; as, a monochromic picture.
MONOCHROMY,The art of painting or drawing in monochrome.
MONOCHRONIC,Existing at the same time; contemporaneous.
MONOCILIATED,Having but one cilium.
MONOCLE,An eyeglass for one eye. Simmonds.
MONOCLINAL,Having one oblique inclination; -- applied to strata that dipin only one
direction from the axis of elevation.
MONOCLINE,A monoclinal fold.
MONOCLINIC,Having one oblique intersection; -- said of that system
ofcrystallization in which the vertical axis is inclined to one, but atright angles
to the other, lateral axis. See Crystallization.
MONOCLINOUS,Hermaphrodite, or having both stamens and pistils in everyflower.
MONOCONDYLA,A group of vertebrates, including the birds and reptiles, orthose that
have only one occipital condyle; the Sauropsida.
MONOCOTYL,Any monocotyledonous plant.
MONOCOTYLE,Monocotyledonous.
MONOCOTYLEDON,A plant with only one cotyledon, or seed lobe.
MONOCOTYLEDONOUS,Having only one cotyledon, seed lobe, or seminal leaf. Lindley.
MONOCRACY,Government by a single person; undivided rule. Sydney Smith.
MONOCRAT,One who governs alone.
MONOCROTIC,Of, pertaining to, or showing, monocrotism; as, a monocroticpulse; a
pulse of the monocrotic type.
MONOCROTISM,That condition of the pulse in which the pulse curve orsphygmogram
shows but a single crest, the dicrotic elevation entirelydisappearing.
MONOCULE,A small crustacean with one median eye.
MONOCULOUS,Monocular. Glanvill.
MONOCYSTIC,Of or pertaining to a division (Monocystidea) of Gregarinida,in which
the body consists of one sac.
MONODACTYLOUS,Having but one finger or claw.
MONODELPHIA,The group that includes all ordinary or placental mammals;
thePlacentalia. See Mammalia.
MONODIMETRIC,Dimetric.
MONODIST,A writer of a monody.
MONODRAMATIC,Pertaining to a monodrama.
MONODY,A species of poem of a mournful character, in which a singlemourner
expresses lamentation; a song for one voice.
MONODYNAMIC,Possessing but one capacity or power. "Monodynamic men." DeQuincey.
MONODYNAMISM,The theory that the various forms of activity in nature
aremanifestations of the same force. G. H. Lewes.
MONOECIA,A Linnæan class of plants, whose stamens and pistils are indistinct
flowers in the same plant.
MONOECIAN,Of or pertaining to the Monoecia; monoecious.-- n.
MONOECIOUS,Having the sexes united in one individual, as when male andfemale
flowers grow upon the same individual plant; hermaphrodite; --opposed to Ant:
dioecious.
MONOECISM,The state or condition of being monoecious.
MONOGAM,One of the Monogamia.
MONOGAMIA,A Linnæan order of plants, having solitary flowers with unitedanthers, as
in the genus Lobelia.
MONOGAMIST,One who practices or upholds monogamy. Goldsmith.
MONOGAMOUS,Same as Monogamian.
MONOGAMY,State of being paired with a single mate.
MONOGASTRIC,Having but a single stomach.
MONOGENESIS,That form of reproduction which requires but one parent, as
inreproduction by fission or in the formation of buds, etc., which dropoff and form
new individuals; asexual reproduction. Haeckel.
MONOGENETIC,One in genesis; resulting from one process of formation; --used of a
mountain range. Dana.
MONOGENIC,Of or pertaining to monogenesis.
MONOGENISM,The theory or doctrine that the human races have a commonorigin, or
constitute a single species.
MONOGENIST,One who maintains that the human races are all of one species;-- opposed
to polygenist.
MONOGENISTIC,Monogenic.
MONOGENOUS,Of or pertaining to monogenesis; as, monogenous, or
asexual,reproduction.
MONOGENY,The doctrine that the members of the human race have all acommon origin.
MONOGONEUTIC,Having but one brood in a season.
MONOGRAMMAL,See Monogrammic.
MONOGRAMMATIC,Monogrammic.
MONOGRAMMIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a monogram.
MONOGRAMMOUS,Monogrammic.
MONOGRAPH,A written account or description of a single thing, or class ofthings; a
special treatise on a particular subject of limited range.
MONOGRAPHER,A writer of a monograph.
MONOGRAPHIST,One who writes a monograph.
MONOGRAPHOUS,Monographic. [Obs.]
MONOGYN,One of the Monogynia.
MONOGYNIA,A Linnæan order of plants, including those which have only onestyle or
stigma.
MONOGYNIAN,Pertaining to the Monogynia; monogynous.-- n.
MONOGYNOUS,Of or pertaining to Monogynia; having only one style or stigma.
MONOGYNY,The state or condition of being monogynous.
MONOHEMEROUS,Lasting but one day.
MONOICOUS,Monoecious.
MONOLATRY,Worship of a single deity.
MONOLITH,A single stone, especially one of large size, shaped into apillar, statue,
or monument.
MONOLITHAL,Monolithic.
MONOLITHIC,Of or pertaining to a monolith; consisting of a single stone.
MONOLOGIST,One who soliloquizes; esp., one who monopolizes conversation incompany.
De Quincey.
MONOLOGY,The habit of soliloquizing, or of monopolizing conversation.It was not by
an insolent usurpation that Coleridge persisted inmonology through his whole life.
De Quincey.
MONOMACHIST,One who fights in single combat; a duelist.
MONOMANE,A monomaniac. [R.]
MONOMANIA,Derangement of the mind in regard of a single subject only;also, such a
concentration of interest upon one particular subject ortrain of ideas to show
mental derangement.
MONOMANIAC,A person affected by monomania.
MONOME,A monomial.
MONOMEROUS,Composed of solitary parts, as a flower with one sepal, onepetal, one
stamen, and one pistil.
MONOMETALLIC,Consisting of one metal; of or pertaining to monometallism.
MONOMETALLISM,The legalized use of one metal only, as gold, or silver, in
thestandard currency of a country, or as a standard of money values.
SeeBimetallism.
MONOMETALLIST,One who believes in monometallism as opposed to bimetallism,etc.
MONOMETER,A rhythmic series, consisting of a single meter.
MONOMETRIC,Same as Isometric.
MONOMIAL,A single algebraic expression; that is, an expressionunconnected with any
other by the sign of addition, substraction,equality, or inequality.
MONOMPHALUS,A form of double monster, in which two individuals are unitedby a
common umbilicus.
MONONOMIAL,Monomyal.
MONOPATHY,Suffering or sensibility in a single organ or function.-- Mon`o*path"ic,
a.
MONOPERSONAL,Having but one person, or form of existence.
MONOPETALOUS,Having only one petal, or the corolla in one piece, or composedof
petals cohering so as to form a tube or bowl; gamopetalous.
MONOPHANOUS,Having one the same appearance; having a mutual resemblance.
MONOPHONIC,Single-voiced; having but one part; as, a monophoniccomposition; --
opposed to Ant: polyphonic.
MONOPHTHONGAL,Consisting of, or pertaining to, a monophthong.
MONOPHYLETIC,Of or pertaining to a single family or stock, or to developmentfrom a
single common parent form; -- opposed to polyphyletic; as,monophyletic origin.
MONOPHYLLOUS,One-leaved; composed of a single leaf; as, a monophyllousinvolucre or
calyx.
MONOPHYODONT,Having but one set of teeth; -- opposed to diphyodont.
MONOPHYSITE,One of a sect, in the ancient church, who maintained that thehuman and
divine in Jesus Christ constituted but one compositenature. Also used adjectively.
MONOPHYSITICAL,Of or pertaining to Monophysites, or their doctrines.
MONOPLAST,A monoplastic element.
MONOPLASTIC,That has one form, or retains its primary form, as, amonoplastic
element.
MONOPLEGIA,Paralysis affecting a single limb.
MONOPNEUMONA,A suborder of Dipnoi, including the Ceratodus. [Written
alsomonopneumonia.]
MONOPODE,A monopodium.
MONOPODIAL,Having a monopodium or a single and continuous axis, as abirchen twig or
a cornstalk.
MONOPODIUM,A single and continuous vegetable axis; -- opposed tosympodium.
MONOPODY,A measure of but a single foot.
MONOPOLER,A monopolist. [Obs.]
MONOPOLIST,One who monopolizes; one who has a monopoly; one who favorsmonopoly.
MONOPOLISTIC,Of or pertaining to a monopolist. North Am. Rev.
MONOPOLITE,A monopolist. Sylvester.
MONOPOLIZE,To acquire a monopoly of; to have or get the exclusiveprivilege or means
of dealing in, or the exclusive possession of; toengross the whole of; as, to
monopolize the coffee trade; tomonopolize land.
MONOPOLIZER,One who monopolizes.
MONOPOLYLOGUE,An exhibition in which an actor sustains many characters.
MONOPSYCHISM,The doctrine that there is but one immortal soul or intellectwith
which all men are endowed.
MONOPTERAL,Round and without a cella; consisting of a single ring ofcolumns
supporting a roof; -- said esp. of a temple.
MONOPTERON,A circular temple consisting of a roof supported on columns,without a
cella.
MONOPYRENOUS,Having but a single stone or kernel.
MONORGANIC,Belonging to, or affecting, a single organ, or set of organs.
MONORHINA,The Marsipobranchiata.
MONORHYME,A composition in verse, in which all the lines end with thesame rhyme.
MONOSEPALOUS,Having only one sepal, or the calyx in one piece or composed ofthe
sepals united into one piece; gamosepalous.
MONOSPERM,A monospermous plant.
MONOSPHERICAL,Consisting of one sphere only.
MONOSTICH,A composition consisting of one verse only.
MONOSTICHOUS,Arranged in a single row on one side of an axis, as the flowersin
grasses of the tribe Chloridæ.
MONOSTROPHE,A metrical composition consisting of a single strophe.
MONOSTROPHIC,Having one strophe only; not varied in measure; written inunvaried
measure. Milton.
MONOSULPHIDE,A sulphide containing one atom of sulphur, and analogous to amonoxide;
-- contrasted with a Ant: polysulphide; as, galena is amonosulphide.
MONOSULPHURET,See Monosulphide.
MONOSYLLABIC,Being a monosyllable, or composed of monosyllables; as, amonosyllabic
word; a monosyllabic language.-- Mon`o*syl*lab"ic*al*ly, adv.
MONOSYLLABISM,The state of consisting of monosyllables, or having amonosyllabic
form; frequent occurrence of monosyllables.
MONOSYLLABLE,A word of one syllable.
MONOSYLLABLED,Formed into, or consisting of, monosyllables. Cleveland.
MONOTESSARON,A single narrative framed from the statements of the fourevangelists;
a gospel harmony. [R.]
MONOTHALAMA,A division of Foraminifera including those that have only onechamber.
MONOTHALAMAN,A foraminifer having but one chamber.
MONOTHALAMOUS,One-chambered.
MONOTHALMIC,Formed from one pistil; -- said of fruits. R. Brown.
MONOTHECAL,Having a single loculament.
MONOTHEISM,The doctrine or belief that there is but one God.
MONOTHEIST,One who believes that there is but one God.
MONOTHEISTIC,Of or pertaining to monotheism.
MONOTHELITE,One of an ancient sect who held that Christ had but one will ashe had
but one nature. Cf. Monophysite. Gibbon.
MONOTHELITIC,Of or pertaining to the Monothelites, or their doctrine.
MONOTOCOUS,Bearing fruit but once; monocarpic.
MONOTOMOUS,Having a distinct cleavage in a single direction only.
MONOTONE,A single unvaried tone or sound.
MONOTONIST,One who talks in the same strain or on the same subject untilweariness
is produced. Richardson.
MONOTONOUS,Uttered in one unvarying tone; continued with dull
uniformity;characterized by monotony; without change or variety; wearisome.--
Mo*not"o*nous*ly, adv.-- Mo*not"o*nous*ness, n.
MONOTREMATA,A subclass of Mammalia, having a cloaca in which the ducts ofthe
urinary, genital, and alimentary systems terminate, as in birds.The female lays
eggs like a bird. See Duck mole, under Duck, andEchidna.
MONOTREMATOUS,Of or pertaining to the Monotremata.
MONOTREME,One of the Monotremata.
MONOTRIGLYPH,A kind of intercolumniation in an entablature, in which onlyone
triglyph and two metopes are introduced.
MONOTROPA,A genus of parasitic or saprophytic plants including the Indianpipe and
pine sap. The name alludes to the dropping end of the stem.
MONOVALENT,Having a valence of one; univalent. See Univalent.
MONOXIDE,An oxide containing one atom of oxygen in each molecule; as,barium
monoxide.
MONOXYLON,A canoe or boat made from one piece of timber.
MONOXYLOUS,Made of one piece of wood.
MONOZOA,A division of Radiolaria; -- called also Monocyttaria.-- Mon`o*zo"ic, a.
MONROE DOCTRINE,See under Doctrine.
MONSEIGNEUR,My lord; -- a title in France of a person of high birth orrank; as,
Monseigneur the Prince, or Monseigneur the Archibishop. Itwas given, specifically,
to the dauphin, before the Revolution of1789. (Abbrev. Mgr.)
MONSIGNORE,My lord; -- an ecclesiastical dignity bestowed by the pope,entitling the
bearer to social and domestic rank at the papal court.(Abbrev. Mgr.)
MONSOON,A wind blowing part of the year from one direction, alternatingwith a wind
from the opposite direction; -- a term appliedparticularly to periodical winds of
the Indian Ocean, which blow fromthe southwest from the latter part of May to the
middle of September,and from the northeast from about the middle of October to the
middleof December.
MONSTER,Monstrous in size. Pope.
MONSTRANCE,A transparent pyx, in which the consecrated host is exposed toview.
MONSTRATION,The act of demonstrating; proof. [Obs.]A certain monstration. Grafton.
MONSTROSITY,The state of being monstrous, or out of the common order ofnature; that
which is monstrous; a monster. South.A monstrosity never changes the name or
affects the immutability of aspecies. Adanson (Trans. ).
MONSTROUS,Exceedingly; very; very much. "A monstrous thick oil on thetop."
Bacon.And will be monstrous witty on the poor. Dryden.
MONSTROUSLY,In a monstrous manner; unnaturally; extraordinarily; as,monstrously
wicked. "Who with his wife is monstrously in love."Dryden.
MONSTROUSNESS,The state or quality of being monstrous, unusual,extraordinary. Shak.
MONSTRUOSITY,Monstrosity. [Obs.] Shak.
MONSTRUOUS,Monstrous. [Obs.]
MONT DE PIETE,One of certain public pawnbroking establishments whichoriginated in
Italy in the 15th century, the object of which was tolend money at a low rate of
interest to poor people in need; --called also mount of piety. The institution has
been adopted in othercountries, as in Spain and France. See Lombard-house.
MONT,Mountain.
MONTAIGNE,A mountain. [Obs.]
MONTANIC,Of or pertaining to mountains; consisting of mountains.
MONTANIST,A follower of Mintanus, a Phrygian enthusiast of the secondcentury, who
claimed that the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete, dwelt inhim, and employed him as an
instrument for purifying and guiding menin the Christian life.-- Mon`ta*nis"tic,
Mon`ta*nis"tic*al, a.
MONTANT,An upward thrust or blow. Shak.
MONTE,A favorite gambling game among Spaniards, played with dice orcards.
MONTE-ACID,An acid elevator, as a tube through which acid is forced tosome height
in a sulphuric acid manufactory.
MONTE-JUS,An apparatus for raising a liquid by pressure of air or steamin a
reservoir containing the liquid.
MONTEITH,See Monteth.
MONTEM,A custom, formerly practiced by the scholars at Eton school,England, of
giing every third year, on Whittuesday, to a hillock nearthe Bath road, and
exacting money from all passers-by, to support atthe university the senior scholar
of the school.
MONTERO,An ancient kind of cap worn by horsemen or huntsmen. Bacon.
MONTESSORI METHOD,A system of training and instruction, primarily for use
withnormal children aged from three to six years, devised by Dr. MariaMontessori
while teaching in the "Houses of Childhood" (schools inthe poorest tenement
districts of Rome, Italy), and first fullydescribed by her in 1909. Leading
features are freedom for physicalactivity (no stationary desks and chairs),
informal and individualinstruction, the very early development of writing, and an
extendedsensory and motor training (with special emphasis on vision,
touch,perception of movement, and their interconnections), mediated by apatented,
standardized system of "didactic apparatus," which isdeclared to be "auto-
regulative." Most of the chief features of themethod are borrowed from current
methods used in many institutionsfor training feeble-minded children, and dating
back especially tothe work of the French-American physician Edouard O. Seguin
(1812-80).
MONTGOLFIER,A balloon which ascends by the buoyancy of air heated by afire; a fire
balloon; -- so called from two brothers, Stephen andJoseph Montgolfier, of France,
who first constructed and sent up afire balloon.
MONTH,One of the twelve portions into which the year is divided; thetwelfth part of
a year, corresponding nearly to the length of asynodic revolution of the moon, --
whence the name. In popular use, aperiod of four weeks is often called a month.
MONTHLING,That which is a month old, or which lives for a month. [R.]Wordsworth.
MONTHLY,A publication which appears regularly once a month.
MONTICLE,A little mount; a hillock; a small elevation or prominence.[Written also
monticule.]
MONTICULATE,Furnished with monticles or little elevations.
MONTICULE,See Monticle.
MONTICULOUS,Monticulate.
MONTIFORM,Resembling a mountain in form.
MONTIGENOUS,Produced on a mountain.
MONTOIR,A stone used in mounting a horse; a horse block.
MONTON,A heap of ore; a mass undergoing the process of amalgamation.
MONTROSS,See Matross. [Obs.]
MONTRUE,That on which anything is mounted; a setting; hence, a saddlehorse. [Obs.]
Spenser.
MONUREID,Any one of a series of complex nitrogenous substances regardedas derived
from one molecule of urea; as, alloxan is a monureid.[Written also monureide.]
MOO,See Mo. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOOD,Manner of conceiving and expressing action or being, aspositive, possible,
hypothetical, etc., without regard to otheraccidents, such as time, person, number,
etc.; as, the indicativemood; the infinitive mood; the subjunctive mood. Same as
Mode.
MOODER,Mother. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOODILY,In a moody manner.
MOODINESS,The quality or state of being moody; specifically, liability tostrange or
violent moods.
MOODIR,The governor of a province in Egypt, etc. [Written also mudir.]
MOODISH,Moody. [Obs.]
MOODISHLY,Moodily. [Obs.]
MOODY,See Mollah.
MOOLLEY,Same as Mulley.
MOON,A crescentlike outwork. See Half-moon. Moon blindness. (a)(Far.) A kind of
ophthalmia liable to recur at intervals of three orfour weeks. (b) (Med.)
Hemeralopia.-- Moon dial, a dial used to indicate time by moonlight.-- Moon face, a
round face like a full moon.-- Moon madness, lunacy. [Poetic] -- Moon month, a
lunar month.-- Moon trefoil (Bot.), a shrubby species of medic (Medicagoarborea).
See Medic.-- Moon year, a lunar year, consisting of lunar months, beingsometimes
twelve and sometimes thirteen.
MOON-CULMINATING,Culminating, or coming to the meredian, at or about the sametime
with the moon; -- said of a star or stars, esp. of certain starsselected
beforehand, and named in an ephemeris (as the NauticalAlmanac), as suitable to be
observed in connection with the moon atculmination, for determining terrestrial
longitude.
MOON-EYED,Having eyes affected by the moon; moonblind; dim-eyed;purblind.
MOON-FACED,Having a round, full face.
MOONBEAM,A ray of light from the moon.
MOONBLIND,Dim-sighted; purblind.
MOONBLINK,A temporary blindness, or impairment of sight, said to becaused by
sleeping in the moonlight; -- sometimes called nyctalopia.
MOONED,Of or resembling the moon; symbolized by the moon. "Sharpeningin mooned
horns." "Mooned Ashtaroth." Milton.
MOONER,One who abstractedly wanders or gazes about, as if moonstruck.[R.] Dickens.
MOONERY,Conduct of one who moons. [R.]
MOONET,A little moon. [R.] Bp. Hall.
MOONG,Same as Mung.
MOONGLADE,The bright reflection of the moon's light on an expanse ofwater. [Poetic]
MOONIE,The European goldcrest.
MOONISH,Like the moon; variable.Being but a moonish youth. Shak.
MOONLESS,Being without a moon or moonlight.
MOONLIGHT,The light of the moon.-- a.
MOONLING,A simpleton; a lunatic. [Obs.]
MOONLIT,Illumined by the moon. "The moonlit sea." Moore. "Moonlitdells." Lowell.
MOONRAKER,Same as Moonsail.
MOONRISE,The rising of the moon above the horizon; also, the time of itsrising.
MOONSAIL,A sail sometimes carried in light winds, above a skysail. R. H.Dana, Jr.
MOONSEED,A climbing plant of the genus Menispermum; -- so called fromthe
crescentlike form of the seeds.
MOONSET,The descent of the moon below the horizon; also, the time whenthe moon
sets.
MOONSHEE,A Mohammedan professor or teacher of language. [India]
MOONSHINE,Moonlight. [R.] Clarendon.
MOONSHINER,A person engaged in illicit distilling; -- so called becausethe work is
largely done at night. [Cant, U.S.]
MOONSHINING,Illicit distilling. [Slang or Colloq., U. S.]
MOONSHINY,Moonlight. [Colloq.]I went to see them in a moonshiny night. Addison.
MOONSTONE,A nearly pellucid variety of feldspar, showing pearly oropaline
reflections from within. It is used as a gem. The bestspecimens come from Ceylon.
MOONSTRICKEN,See Moonstruck.
MOOR,Any individual of the swarthy races of Africa or Asia whichhave adopted the
Mohammedan religion. "In Spanish history the termsMoors, Saracens, and Arabs are
synonymous." Internat. Cyc.
MOORAGE,A place for mooring.
MOORBALL,A fresh-water alga (Cladophora Ægagropila) which forms aglobular mass.
MOORBAND,See Moorpan.
MOORESS,A female Moor; a Moorish woman.
MOORING,The place or condition of a ship thus confined.And the tossed bark in
moorings swings. Moore.Mooring block (Naut.), a heavy block of cast iron sometimes
used asan anchor for mooring vessels.
MOORISH,Having the characteristics of a moor or heath. "Moorish fens."Thomson.
MOORLAND,Land consisting of a moor or moors.
MOORPAN,A clayey layer or pan underlying some moors, etc.
MOORSTONE,A species of English granite, used as a building stone.
MOORUK,A species of cassowary (Casuarius Bennetti) found in NewBritain, and noted
for its agility in running and leaping. It issmaller and has stouter legs than the
common cassowary. Its crest isbiloted; the neck and breast are black; the back,
rufous mixed withblack; and the naked skin of the neck, blue.
MOORY,Of or pertaining to moors; marshy; fenny; boggy; moorish.Mortimer.As when
thick mists arise from moory vales. Fairfax.
MOOSE,A large cervine mammal (Alces machlis, or A. Americanus),native of the
Northern United States and Canada. The adult male isabout as large as a horse, and
has very large, palmate antlers. Itclosely resembles the European elk, and by many
zoölogists isconsidered the same species. See Elk. Moose bird (Zoöl.), the
Canadajayor whisky jack. See Whisky jack.-- Moose deer. Same as Moose.-- Moose yard
(Zoöl.), a locality where moose, in winter, herdtogether in a forest to feed and
for mutual protection.
MOOT,See 1st Mot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOOT-HILL,A hill of meeting or council; an elevated place in the open airwhere
public assemblies or courts were held by the Saxons; -- called,in Scotland, mute-
hill. J. R. Green.
MOOTABLE,Capable of being mooted.
MOOTER,A disputer of a mooted case.
MOOTMAN,One who argued moot cases in the inns of court.
MOP,A made-up face; a grimace. "What mops and mowes it makes!"Beau. & Fl.
MOPBOARD,A narrow board nailed against the wall of a room next to thefloor;
skirting board; baseboard. See Baseboard.
MOPE,To be dull and spiritless. "Moping melancholy." Milton.A sickly part of one
true sense Could not so mope. Shak.
MOPE-EYED,Shortsighted; purblind.
MOPEFUL,Mopish. [R.]
MOPISH,Dull; spiritless; dejected.-- Mop"ish*ly, adv.-- Mop"ish*ness, n.
MOPLAH,One of a class of Mohammedans in Malabar.
MOPPET,A long-haired pet dog.
MOPSICAL,Shortsighted; mope-eyed.
MOPSTICK,The long handle of a mop.
MOPUS,A mope; a drone. [Obs.] Swift.
MOQUETTE,A kind of carpet having a short velvety pile.
MORA,A game of guessing the number of fingers extended in a quickmovement of the
hand, -- much played by Italians of the lowerclasses.
MORAINE,An accumulation of earth and stones carried forward anddeposited by a
glacier. Lyell.
MORAINIC,Of or pertaining to a moranie.
MORAL,To moralize. [Obs.] Shak.
MORALE,The moral condition, or the condition in other respects, so faras it is
affected by, or dependent upon, moral considerations, suchas zeal, spirit, hope,
and confidence; mental state, as of a body ofmen, an army, and the like.
MORALER,A moralizer. [Obs.] Shak.
MORALISM,A maxim or saying embodying a moral truth. Farrar.
MORALIZE,To make moral reflections; to regard acts and events asinvolving a moral.
MORALIZER,One who moralizes.
MORASS,A tract of soft, wet ground; a marsh; a fen. Morass ore. (Min.)See Bog ore,
under Bog.
MORASSY,Marshy; fenny. [R.] Pennant.
MORATE,A salt of moric acid.
MORATION,A delaying tarrying; delay. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
MORATORIUM,A period during which an obligor has a legal right to delaymeeting an
obligation, esp. such a period granted, as to a bank, by amoratory law.
MORATORY,Of or pertaining to delay; esp., designating a law passed, asin a time of
financial panic, to postpone or delay for a period thetime at which notes, bills of
exchange, and other obligations, shallmature or become due.
MORAVIAN,Of or pertaining to Moravia, or to the United Brethren. SeeMoravian, n.
MORAVIANISM,The religious system of the Moravians.
MORAY,A muræna.
MORBIDEZZA,Delicacy or softness in the representation of flesh.
MORBIDLY,In a morbid manner.
MORBIDNESS,The quality or state of being morbid; morbidity.
MORBILLOUS,Pertaining to the measles; partaking of the nature of measels,or
resembling the eruptions of that disease; measly.
MORBOSE,Proceeding from disease; morbid; unhealthy.Morbose tumors and excrescences
of plants. Ray.
MORBOSITY,A diseased state; unhealthiness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
MORCEAU,A bit; a morsel.
MORDACIOUS,Biting; given to biting; hence, figuratively, sarcastic;severe;
scathing.-- Mor*da"cious*ly, adv.
MORDACITY,The quality of being mordacious; biting severity, or sarcasticquality.
Bacon.
MORDANT,Serving to fix colors.
MORDANTLY,In the manner of a mordant.
MORDENTE,An embellishment resembling a trill.
MORDICANCY,A biting quality; corrosiveness. [R.] Evelyn.
MORDICANT,Biting; acrid; as, the mordicant quality of a body. [R.] Boyle.
MORDICATION,The act of biting or corroding; corrosion. [R.] Bacon.
MORDICATIVE,Biting; corrosive. [R.] Holland.
MORE,A hill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
MOREEN,A thick woolen fabric, watered or with embossed figures; --used in
upholstery, for curtains, etc.
MOREL,An edible fungus (Morchella esculenta), the upper part of whichis covered
with a reticulated and pitted hymenium. It is used asfood, and for flavoring
sauces. [Written also moril.]
MORELAND,Moorland.
MORELLE,Nightshade. See 2d Morel.
MORELLO,A kind of nearly black cherry with dark red flesh and juice, --used chiefly
for preserving.
MORENDO,Dying; a gradual decrescendo at the end of a strain or cadence.
MORENESS,Greatness. [Obs.] Wyclif.
MOREOVER,Beyond what has been said; further; besides; in addition;furthermore;
also; likewise.Moreover, he hath left you all his walks. Shak.
MOREPORK,The Australian crested goatsucker (Ægotheles Novæ-Hollandiæ).Also applied
to other allied birds, as Podargus Cuveiri.
MORES,Customs; habits; esp., customs conformity to which is more orless obligatory;
customary law.
MORESK,Moresque. [Obs.]
MORESQUE,Of or pertaining to, or in the manner or style of, the Moors;Moorish.-- n.
MORGAN,One of a celebrated breed of American trotting horses; -- socalled from the
name of the stud from which the breed originated inVermont.
MORGANATIC,Pertaining to, in the manner of, or designating, a kind ofmarriage,
called also left-handed marriage, between a man of superiorrank and a woman of
inferior, in which it is stipulated that neitherthe latter nor her children shall
enjoy the rank or inherit thepossessions of her husband. Brande & C.--
Mor`ga*nat"ic*al*ly, adv.
MORGAY,The European small-spotted dogfish, or houndfish. See the Noteunder
Houndfish.
MORGLAY,A sword. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
MORGUE,A place where the bodies of persons found dead are exposed,that they may be
identified, or claimed by their friends; adeadhouse.
MORIA,Idiocy; imbecility; fatuity; foolishness.
MORIAN,A Moor. [Obs.]In vain the Turks and Morians armed be. Fairfax.
MORIBUND,In a dying state; dying; at the point of death.The patient was comatose
and moribund. Copland.
MORIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, fustic (see Morin); as, moricacid.
MORICE,See Morisco.
MORIGERATE,Obedient. [Obs.]
MORIGERATION,Obsequiousness; obedience. [Obs.] Evelyn.
MORIGEROUS,Obedient; obsequious. [Obs.] Brathwait.
MORIL,An edible fungus. Same as 1st Morel.
MORIN,A yellow crystalline substance of acid properties extractedfrom fustic
(Maclura tinctoria, formerly called Morus tinctoria); --called also moric acid.
MORINDA,A genus of rubiaceous trees and shrubs, mostly East Indian,many species of
which yield valuable red and yellow dyes. The wood ishard and beautiful, and used
for gunstocks.
MORINDIN,A yellow dyestuff extracted from the root bark of an EastIndian plant
(Morinda citrifolia).
MORINEL,The dotterel.
MORINGA,A genus of trees of Southern India and Northern Africa. Onespecies (Moringa
pterygosperma) is the horse-radish tree, and itsseeds, as well as those of M.
aptera, are known in commerce as ben orben nuts, and yield the oil called oil of
ben.
MORINGIC,Designating an organic acid obtained from oil of ben. SeeMoringa.
MORINTANNIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a variety of tannic acidextracted from
fustic (Maclura, formerly Morus, tinctoria) as ayellow crystalline substance; --
called also maclurin.
MORION,A kind of open helmet, without visor or beaver, and somewhatresembling a
hat.A battered morion on his brow. Sir W. Scott.
MORIOPLASTY,The restoration of lost parts of the body.
MORISCO,Moresque.
MORISK,Same as Morisco.
MORKIN,A beast that has died of disease or by mischance. [Obs.] Bp.Hall.
MORLAND,Moorland. [Obs.]
MORLING,Mortling. [Eng.] Ainsworth.
MORMAL,A bad sore; a gangrene; a cancer. [Obs.] [Written also morrimaland mortmal.]
Chaucer.
MORMO,A bugbear; false terror. [Obs.] Jonhson.
MORMON,One of a sect in the United States, followers of Joseph Smith,who professed
to have found an addition to the Bible, engraved ongolden plates, called the Book
of Mormon, first published in 1830.The Mormons believe in polygamy, and their
hierarchy of apostles,etc., has control of civil and religious matters.
MORMONDOM,The country inhabited by the Mormons; the Mormon people.
MORMONISM,The doctrine, system, and practices of the Mormons.
MORMONITE,A Mormon.-- a.
MORN,The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly inpoetry.From morn To
noun he fell, from noon to dewy eve. Milton.
MORNE,Of or pertaining to the morn; morning. [Obs.] "White as mornemilk." Chaucer.
MORNING,Pertaining to the first part or early part of the day; being inthe early
part of the day; as, morning dew; morning light; morningservice.She looks as clear
As morning roses newly washed with dew. Shak.Morning gown, a gown worn in the
morning before one is dressed forthe day.-- Morning gun, a gun fired at the first
stroke of reveille atmilitary posts.-- Morning sickness (Med.), nausea and
vomiting, usually occurringin the morning; -- a common sign of pregnancy.-- Morning
star. (a) Any one of the planets (Venus, Jupiter, Mars,or Saturn) when it precedes
the sun in rising, esp. Venus. Cf.Evening star, Evening. (b) Satan. See
Lucifer.Since he miscalled the morning star, Nor man nor fiend hath fallen sofar.
Byron.(c) A weapon consisting of a heavy ball set with spikes, eitherattached to a
staff or suspended from one by a chain.-- Morning watch (Naut.), the watch between
four A. M. and eight A.M..
MORNING-GLORY,A climbing plant (Ipomoea purpurea) having handsome, funnel-shaped
flowers, usually red, pink, purple, white, or variegated,sometimes pale blue. See
Dextrorsal.
MORNINGTIDE,Morning time. [Poetic]
MORNWARD,Towards the morn. [Poetic]And mornward now the starry hands move on.
Lowell.
MORO,A small abscess or tumor having a resemblance to a mulberry.Dunglison.
MOROCCAN,Of or pertaining to Morocco, or its inhabitants.
MOROCCO,A fine kind of leather, prepared commonly from goatskin (thoughan inferior
kind is made of sheepskin), and tanned with sumac anddyed of various colors; --
said to have been first made by the Moors.
MOROLOGY,Foolish talk; nonsense; folly. [Obs.]
MORON,A person whose intellectual development proceeds normally up toabout the
eighth year of age and is then arrested so that there islittle or no further
development.
MORONE,Maroon; the color of an unripe black mulberry.
MOROS,The Mohammedan tribes of the southern Philippine Islands, saidto have
formerly migrated from Borneo. Some of them are warlike andaddicted to piracy.
MOROSAURUS,An extinct genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs, found inJurassic strata
in America.
MOROSELY,Sourly; with sullen austerity.
MOROSENESS,Sourness of temper; sulenness.Learn good humor, never to oppose without
just reason; abate somedegrees of pride and moroseness. I. Watts.
MOROSIS,Idiocy; fatuity; stupidity.
MOROSITY,Moroseness. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
MOROSOPH,A philosophical or learned fool. [Obs.]
MOROSOUS,Morose. [Obs.] Sheldon.
MOROXITE,A variety of apatite of a greenish blue color.
MOROXYLATE,A morate.
MOROXYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the mulberry; moric.
MORPHEAN,Of or relating to Morpheus, to dreams, or to sleep. Keats.
MORPHEUS,The god of dreams.
MORPHEW,A scurfy eruption. [Obs.] Drayton.
MORPHIA,Morphine.
MORPHINE,A bitter white crystalline alkaloid found in opium, possessingstrong
narcotic properties, and much used as an anodyne; -- calledalso morphia, and
morphina.
MORPHINISM,A morbid condition produced by the excessive or prolonged useof
morphine.
MORPHO,Any one of numerous species of large, handsome, tropicalAmerican
butterflies, of the genus Morpho. They are noted for thevery brilliant metallic
luster and bright colors (often blue) of theupper surface of the wings. The lower
surface is usually brown orgray, with eyelike spots.
MORPHOGENY,History of the evolution of forms; that part of ontogeny thatdeals with
the germ history of forms; -- distinguished fromphysiogeny. Haeckel.
MORPHOLOGIST,One who is versed in the science of morphology.
MORPHOLOGY,That branch of biology which deals with the structure ofanimals and
plants, treating of the forms of organs and describingtheir varieties, homologies,
and metamorphoses. See Tectology, andPromorphology.
MORPHON,A morphological individual, characterized by definiteness ofform bion, a
physiological individual. See Tectology. Haeckel.
MORPHONOMY,The laws of organic formation.
MORPHOPHYLY,The tribal history of forms; that part of phylogeny whichtreats of the
tribal history of forms, in distinction from the tribalhistory of functions.
Haeckel.
MORPHOSIS,The order or mode of development of an organ or part.
MORPHOTIC,Connected with, or becoming an integral part of, a living unitor of the
morphological framework; as, morphotic, or tissue,proteids. Foster.
MORPION,A louse. Hudibras.
MORRICE,Same as 1st Morris.
MORRICER,A morris dancer. [Obs.]
MORRIMAL,See Mormal.
MORRIS,A marine fish having a very slender, flat, transparent body. Itis now
generally believed to be the young of the conger eel or someallied fish.
MORRIS-CHAIR,A kind of easy-chair with a back which may be lowered orraised.
MORRIS-PIKE,A Moorish pike. [Obs.]
MORRO,A round hill or point of land; hence, Morro castle, a castle ona hill.
MORROT,See Marrot.
MORSE ALPHABET,A telegraphic alphabet in very general use, inventing by
SamuelF.B.Morse, the inventor of Morse's telegraph. The letters arerepresented by
dots and dashes impressed or printed on paper, as, .-(A), -... (B), -.. (D), . (E),
.. (O), ... (R), -- (T), etc., or bysounds, flashes of light, etc., with greater or
less intervalsbetween them.
MORSE CODE,The telegraphic code, consisting of dots, dashes, and spaces,invented by
Samuel B. Morse. The Alphabetic code which is in use inNorth America is given
below. In length, or duration, one dash istheoretically equal to three dots; the
space between the elements ofa letter is equal to one dot; the interval in spaced
letters, as O .., is equal to three dots. There are no spaces in any letter
composedwholly or in part of dashes.
MORSE,The walrus. See Walrus.
MORSING HORN,A horn or flask for holding powder, as for priming. [Scot.] SirW.
Scott.
MORSITATION,The act of biting or gnawing. [Obs.]
MORSURE,The act of biting. Swift.
MORT,A great quantity or number. [Prov. Eng.]There was a mort of merrymaking.
Dickens.
MORTAL,A being subject to death; a human being; man. "Warn poormortals left
behind." Tickell.
MORTALIZE,To make mortal. [R.]
MORTALNESS,Quality of being mortal; mortality.
MORTAR,A short piece of ordnance, used for throwing bombs, carcasses,shells, etc.,
at high angles of elevation, as 45º, and even higher; -- so named from its
resemblance in shape to the utensil abovedescribed. Mortar bed (Mil.), a framework
of wood and iron, suitablyhollowed out to receive the breech and trunnions of a
mortar.-- Mortar boat or vessel (Naut.), a boat strongly built and adaptedto
carrying a mortar or mortars for bombarding; a bomb ketch.-- Mortar piece, a
mortar. [Obs.] Shak.
MORTGAGE,A conveyance of property, upon condition, as security for thepayment of a
debt or the preformance of a duty, and to become voidupon payment or performance
according to the stipulated terms; also,the written instrument by which the
conveyance is made.
MORTGAGEE,The person to whom property is mortgaged, or to whom a mortgageis made or
given.
MORTGAGER,gives a mortgage.
MORTIFEROUS,Bringing or producing death; deadly; destructive; as, amortiferous
herb. Gov. of Tongue.
MORTIFICATION,A gift to some charitable or religious institution; --
nearlysynonymous with mortmain.
MORTIFIED,of Mortify.
MORTIFIEDNESS,The state of being mortified; humiliation; subjection of thepassions.
[R.]
MORTIFIER,One who, or that which, mortifies.
MORTIFYINGLY,In a mortifying manner.
MORTISE,A cavity cut into a piece of timber, or other material, toreceive something
(as the end of another piece) made to fit it, andcalled a tenon. Mortise and tenon
(Carp.), made with a mortise andtenon; joined or united by means of a mortise and
tenon; -- usedadjectively.-- Mortise joint, a joint made by a mortise and tenon.--
Mortise lock. See under Lock.-- Mortise wheel, a cast-iron wheel, with wooden clogs
inserted inmortises on its face or edge; -- also called mortise gear, and coregear.
MORTMAIN,Possession of lands or tenements in, or conveyance to, deadhands, or hands
that cannot alienate.
MORTMAL,See Mormal. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
MORTPAY,Dead pay; the crime of taking pay for the service of deadsoldiers, or for
services not actually rendered by soldiers. [Obs.]Bacon.
MORTUARY,Of or pertaining to the dead; as, mortuary monuments. Mortuaryurn, an urn
for holding the ashes of the dead.
MORULA,The sphere or globular mass of cells (blastomeres), formed bythe clevage of
the ovum or egg in the first stages of itsdevelopment; -- called also mulberry
mass, segmentation sphere, andblastosphere. See Segmentation.
MORULATION,The process of cleavage, or segmentation, of the ovum, by whicha morula
is formed.
MORUS,A genus of trees, some species of which produce edible fruit;the mulberry.
See Mulberry.
MORWE,See Morrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MORWENING,Morning. [Obs.]
MOS,sing. of Mores.
MOSAIC,A surface decoration made by inlaying in patterns small piecesof variously
colored glass, stone, or other material; -- called alsomosaic work.
MOSAICAL,Mosaic (in either sense). "A mosaical floor." Sir P. Sidney.
MOSAICALLY,In the manner of a mosaic.
MOSAISM,Attachment to the system or doctrines of Moses; that which ispeculiar to
the Mosaic system or doctrines.
MOSASAURIA,An order of large, extinct, marine reptiles, found in theCretaceous
rocks, especially in America. They were serpentlike inform and in having loosely
articulated and dilatable jaws, with largerecurved tteth, but they had paddlelike
feet. Some of them were overfifty feet long. They are, essentially, fossil sea
serpents withpaddles. Called also Pythonomarpha, and Mosasauria.
MOSASAURUS,A genus of extinct marine reptiles allied to the lizards, buthaving the
body much elongated, and the limbs in the form of paddles.The first known species,
nearly fifty feet in length, was discoveredin Cretaceous beds near Maestricht, in
the Netherlands. [Written alsoMososaurus.]
MOSCHATEL,A plant of the genus Adoxa (A. moschatellina), the flowers ofwhich are
pale green, and have a faint musky smell. It is found inwoods in all parts of
Europe, and is called also hollow root and muskcrowfoot. Loudon.
MOSCHINE,Of or pertaining to Moschus, a genus including the musk deer.
MOSEL,See Muzzle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOSELLE,A light wine, usually white, produced in the vicinity of theriver Moselle.
MOSES,A large flatboat, used in the West Indies for taking freightfrom shore to
ship.
MOSEY,To go, or move (in a certain manner); -- usually with out, off,along, etc.
[Colloq.] E. N. Wescott.
MOSK,See Mosque.
MOSLEM,A Mussulman; an orthodox Mohammedan. [Written also muslim.]"Heaps of
slaughtered Moslem." Macaulay.They piled the ground with Moslem slain. Halleck.
MOSLINGS,Thin shreds of leather shaved off in dressing skins. Simmonds.
MOSOSAURUS,Same as Mosasaurus.
MOSQUE,A Mohammedan church or place of religious worship. [Writtenalso mosk.]
MOSQUITO,Any one of various species of gnats of the genus Culex andallied genera.
The females have a proboscis containing, within thesheathlike labium, six fine,
sharp, needlelike organs with which theypuncture the skin of man and animals to
suck the blood. These bites,when numerous, cause, in many persons, considerable
irritation andswelling, with some pain. The larvæ and pupæ, called wigglers,
areaquatic. [Written also musquito.] Mosquito bar, Mosquito net, a netor curtain
for excluding mosquitoes, -- used for beds and windows.-- Mosquito fleet, a fleet
of small vessels.-- Mosquito hawk (Zoöl.), a dragon fly; -- so called because
itcaptures and feeds upon mosquitoes.-- Mosquito netting, a loosely-woven gauzelike
fabric for makingmosquito bars.
MOSS,A cryptogamous plant of a cellular structure, with distinctstem and simple
leaves. The fruit is a small capsule usually openingby an apical lid, and so
discharging the spores. There are manyspecies, collectively termed Musci, growing
on the earth, on rocks,and trunks of trees, etc., and a few in running water.
MOSS-GROWN,Overgrown with moss.
MOSSBACK,A veteran partisan; one who is so conservative in opinion thathe may be
likened to a stone or old tree covered with moss.[Political Slang, U.S.]
MOSSINESS,The state of being mossy.
MOSSTROOPER,One of a class of marauders or bandits that formerly infestedthe border
country between England and Scotland; -- so called inallusion to the mossy or boggy
character of much of the bordercountry.
MOST,In the greatest or highest degree.Those nearest to this king, and most his
favorites, were courtiersand prelates. Milton.
MOSTAHIBA,See Mustaiba.
MOSTE,of Mote. Chaucer.
MOSTLY,For the greatest part; for the most part; chiefly; in the main.
MOSTRA,See Direct, n.
MOSTWHAT,For the most part. [Obs.] "All the rest do mostwhat far amiss."Spenser.
MOT,May; must; might.He moot as well say one word as another Chaucer.The wordes
mote be cousin to the deed. Chaucer.Men moot [i.e., one only] give silver to the
poore freres. Chaucer.So mote it be, so be it; amen; -- a phrase in some rituals,
as thatof the Freemasons.
MOTACIL,Any singing bird of the genus Motacilla; a wagtail.
MOTATION,The act of moving; motion. [Obs.]
MOTE,See 1st Mot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOTED,Filled with motes, or fine floating dust; as, the air. "Motedsunbeams."
Tennyson.
MOTET,A composition adapted to sacred words in the elaboratepolyphonic church
style; an anthem.
MOTH,A mote. [Obs.] Shak.
MOTH-EAT,To eat or prey upon, as a moth eats a garment. [Rarely usedexcept in the
form moth-eaten, p.p. or a.]Ruin and neglect have so moth-eaten her. Sir T.
Herbert.
MOTHEN,Full of moths. [Obs.] Fulke.
MOTHER,Received by birth or from ancestors; native, natural; as,mother language;
also acting the part, or having the place of amother; producing others;
originating.It is the mother falsehood from which all idolatry is derived.
T.Arnold.Mother cell (Biol.), a cell which, by endogenous divisions, givesrise to
other cells (daughter cells); a parent cell.-- Mother church, the original church;
a church from which otherchurches have sprung; as, the mother church of a
diocese.-- Mother country, the country of one's parents or ancestors; thecountry
from which the people of a colony derive their origin.-- Mother liquor (Chem.), the
impure or complex residual solutionwhich remains after the salts readily or
regularly crystallizing havebeen removed.-- Mother queen, the mother of a reigning
sovereign; a queen mother.-- Mother tongue. (a) A language from which another
language has hadits origin. (b) The language of one's native land; native tongue.--
Mother water. See Mother liquor (above).-- Mother wit, natural or native wit or
intelligence.
MOTHER-IN-LAW,The mother of one's husband or wife.
MOTHER-NAKED,Naked as when born.
MOTHER-OF-PEARL,The hard pearly internal layer of several kinds of shells, esp.of
pearl oysters, river mussels, and the abalone shells; nacre. SeePearl.
MOTHER-OF-THYME,An aromatic plant (Thymus Serphyllum); -- called also wildthyme.
MOTHERED,Thick, like mother; viscid.They oint their naked limbs with mothered oil.
Dryden.
MOTHERHOOD,The state of being a mother; the character or office of amother.
MOTHERING,A rural custom in England, of visiting one's parents on MidlentSunday, --
supposed to have been originally visiting the motherchurch to make offerings at the
high altar.
MOTHERLAND,The country of one's ancestors; -- same as fatherland.
MOTHERLESS,Destitute of a mother; having lost a mother; as, motherlesschildren.
MOTHERLINESS,The state or quality of being motherly.
MOTHERLY,Of or pertaining to a mother; like, or suitable for, a mother;tender;
maternal; as, motherly authority, love, or care. Hooker.
MOTHERY,Consisting of, containing, or resembling, mother (in vinegar).
MOTHY,Infested with moths; moth-eaten. "An old mothy saddle." Shak.
MOTIF,Motive.
MOTIFIC,Producing motion. [R.]
MOTILE,Having powers of self-motion, though unconscious; as, themotile spores of
certain seaweeds.
MOTILITY,Capability of motion; contractility.
MOTION PICTURE,A moving picture.
MOTION,An application made to a court or judge orally in open court.Its object is
to obtain an order or rule directing some act to bedone in favor of the applicant.
Mozley & W.
MOTIONER,One who makes a motion; a mover. Udall.
MOTIONIST,A mover. [Obs.]
MOTIONLESS,Without motion; being at rest.
MOTIVATE,To provide with a motive; to move; impel; induce; incite. --Mo`ti*va"tion
(#), n. William James.
MOTIVE,The theme or subject; a leading phrase or passage which isreproduced and
varied through the course of a comor a movement; ashort figure, or melodic germ,
out of which a whole movement isdevelpoed. See also Leading motive, under Leading.
[Written alsomotivo.]
MOTIVELESS,Destitute of a motive; not incited by a motive.-- Mo"tive*less*ness, n.
G. Eliot.
MOTIVO,See Motive, n., 3, 4.
MOTLEY-MINDED,Having a mind of a jester; foolish. Shak.
MOTMOT,Any one of several species of long-tailed, passerine birds ofthe genus
Momotus, having a strong serrated beak. In most of thespecies the two long middle
tail feathers are racket-shaped at thetip, when mature. The bird itself is said by
some writers to trimthem into this shape. They feed on insects, reptiles, and
fruit, andare found from Mexico to Brazil. The name is derived from its note.
[Written also momot.]
MOTO,Movement; manner of movement; particularly, movement withincreased rapidity;
-- used especially in the phrase con moto,directing to a somewhat quicker movement;
as, andante con moto, alittle more rapidly than andante, etc.
MOTOGRAPH,A device utilized in the making of a loud-speaking telephone,depending on
the fact that the friction between a metallic point anda moving cylinder of
moistened chalk, or a moving slip of paper, onwhich it rests is diminished by the
passage of a current between thepoint and the moving surface. -- Mo`to*graph"ic
(#), a.
MOTON,A small plate covering the armpit in armor of the 14th centuryand later.
MOTOR GENERATOR,The combination consisting of a generator and a driving
motormechanically connected, usually on a common bedplate and with the twoshafts
directly coupled or combined into a single shaft.
MOTOR,A prime mover; a machine by means of which a source of power,as steam, moving
water, electricity, etc., is made available fordoing mechanical work.
MOTOR-DRIVEN,Driven or actuated by a motor, esp. by an individual electricmotor. An
electric motor forms an integral part of many machine toolsin numerous modern
machine shops.
MOTORING,Act or recreation of riding in or driving a motor car orautomobile.
MOTORIZE,To substitute motor-driven vehicles, or automobiles, for thehorses and
horse-drawn vehicles of (a fire department, city, etc.). --Mo`tor*i*za"tion (#), n.
MOTORMAN,A man who controls a motor.
MOTORPATHIC,Of or pertaining to motorpathy.
MOTORPATHY,Kinesiatrics.
MOTTE,A clump of trees in a prairie. [Local, U.S.]
MOTTLE,To mark with spots of different color, or shades of color, asif stained; to
spot; to maculate.
MOTTLED,Marked with spots of different colors; variegated; spotted; as,mottled
wood. "The mottled meadows." Drayton.
MOTTO,A sentence, phrase, or word, forming part of an heraldicachievment.
MOTTOED,Bearing or having a motto; as, a mottoed coat or device.
MOTTY,Full of, or consisting of, motes. [Written also mottie.][Scot.]The motty dust
reek raised by the workmen. H. Miller.
MOUCHOIR,A handkerchief.
MOUEZZIN,See Muezzin.
MOUFLON,A wild sheep (Ovis musimon), inhabiting the mountains ofSardinia, Corsica,
etc. Its horns are very large, with a triangularbase and rounded angles. It is
supposed by some to be the original ofthe domestic sheep. Called also musimon or
musmon. [Written alsomoufflon.]
MOUGHT,of May. Might.
MOUILLATION,The act of uttering the sound of a mouillé letter.
MOUILLE,Applied to certain consonants having a "liquid" or softenedsound; e.g., in
French, l or ll and gn (like the lli in million andni in minion); in Italian, gl
and gn; in Spanish, ll and ñ; inPortuguese, lh and nh.
MOULE,To contract mold; to grow moldy; to mold. [Obs.]Let us not moulen thus in
idleness. Chaucer.
MOULT,See Molt.
MOULTEN,Having molted. [Obs.] "A moulten raven." Shak.
MOUN,pl. of Mow, may. [Obs.] Wyclif.
MOUNCH,To munch. [Obs.]
MOUND,A ball or globe forming part of the regalia of an emperor orother sovereign.
It is encircled with bands, enriched with preciousstones, and surmounted with a
cross; -- called also globe.
MOUNT,A bank; a fund. Mount of piety. See Mont de piété.
MOUNTABLE,Such as can be mounted.
MOUNTAIN SPECTER,An optical phenomenon sometimes seen on the summit of mountains(as
on the Brocken) when the observer is between the sun and a massof cloud. The
figures of the observer and surrounding objects areseen projected on the cloud,
greatly enlarged and often encircled byrainbow colors.
MOUNTAIN STATE,Montana; -- a nickname.
MOUNTAIN,A range, chain, or group of such elevations; as, the WhiteMountains.
MOUNTAINEER,To lie or act as a mountaineer; to climb mountains.You can't go
mountaineering in a flat country. H. James.
MOUNTAINER,A mountaineer. [Obs.]
MOUNTAINET,A small mountain. [R.]
MOUNTAINOUSNESS,The state or quality of being mountainous.
MOUNTANCE,Amount; sum; quantity; extent. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOUNTANT,Raised; high. [Obs.]
MOUNTEBANK,To cheat by boasting and false pretenses; to gull. [R.] Shak.
MOUNTEBANKERY,The practices of a mountebank; quackery; boastful and vainpretenses.
MOUNTEBANKISH,Like a mountebank or his quackery. Howell.
MOUNTEBANKISM,The practices of a mountebank; mountebankery.
MOUNTENAUNCE,Mountance. [Obs.]
MOUNTINGLY,In an ascending manner.
MOUNTLET,A small or low mountain. [R.]
MOUNTY,The rise of a hawk after prey. Sir P. Sidney.
MOURNE,The armed or feruled end of a staff; in a sheephook, the end ofthe staff to
which the hook is attached. Sir P. Sidney.
MOURNFUL,Full of sorrow; expressing, or intended to express, sorrow;mourning;
grieving; sad; also, causing sorrow; saddening; grievous;as, a mournful person;
mournful looks, tones, loss.-- Mourn"ful*ly, adv.-- Mourn"ful*ness, n.
MOURNINGLY,In a mourning manner.
MOURNIVAL,See Murnival.
MOUSE,Any one of numerous species of small rodents belonging to thegenus Mus and
various related genera of the family Muridæ. The commonhouse mouse (Mus musculus)
is found in nearly all countries. TheAmerican white-footed, or deer, mouse
(Hesperomys leucopus) sometimeslives in houses. See Dormouse, Meadow mouse, under
Meadow, andHarvest mouse, under Harvest.
MOUSEFISH,See Frogfish.
MOUSEHOLE,A hole made by a mouse, for passage or abode, as in a wall;hence, a very
small hole like that gnawed by a mouse.
MOUSEKIN,A little mouse. Thackeray.
MOUSETAIL,A genus of ranunculaceous plants (Myosurus), in which theprolonged
receptacle is covered with imbricating achenes, and soresembles the tail of a
mouse.
MOUSIE,Diminutive for Mouse. Burns.
MOUSING,Impertinently inquisitive; prying; meddlesome. "Mousingsaints." L'Estrange.
MOUSLE,To sport with roughly; to rumple. [Written also mouzle.] [Obs.]Wycherley.
MOUSQUETAIRE CUFF,A deep flaring cuff.
MOUSQUETAIRE GLOVE,A woman's glove with a long, loosely fitting wrist.
MOUSSE,A frozen dessert of a frothy texture, made of sweetened andflavored whipped
cream, sometimes with the addition of egg yolks andgelatin. Mousse differs from ice
cream in being beaten before -- notduring -- the freezing process.
MOUSSELINE DE SOIE,A soft thin silk fabric with a weave like that of muslin.
MOUSSELINE,Muslin. Mousseline de laine (. Etym: [F., muslin of wool.]Muslin
delaine. See under Muslin.-- Mousseline glass, a kind of thin blown glassware, such
aswineglasses, etc.
MOUSTACHE,Mustache.
MOUSY,Infested with mice; smelling of mice.
MOUTAN,The Chinese tree peony (Pæonia Mountan), a shrub with largeflowers of
various colors.
MOUTH,An opening affording entrance or exit; orifice; aperture; as:(a) The opening
of a vessel by which it is filled or emptied, chargedor discharged; as, the mouth
of a jar or pitcher; the mouth of thelacteal vessels, etc.(b) The opening or
entrance of any cavity, as a cave, pit, well, orden.(c) The opening of a piece of
ordnance, through which it isdischarged.(d) The opening through which the waters of
a river or any stream aredischarged.(e) The entrance into a harbor.
MOUTH-FOOTED,Having the basal joints of the legs converted into jaws.
MOUTH-MADE,Spoken without sincerity; not heartfelt. "Mouth-made vows."Shak.
MOUTHER,One who mouths; an affected speaker.
MOUTHLESS,Destitute of a mouth.
MOVABILITY,Movableness.
MOVABLE,Property not attached to the soil.
MOVABLENESS,The quality or state of being movable; mobility; susceptibilityof
motion.
MOVABLY,In a movable manner or condition.
MOVE,To transfer (a piece or man) from one space or position toanother, according
to the rules of the game; as, to move a king.
MOVELESS,Motionless; fixed. "Moveless as a tower." Pope.
MOVEMENT,A system of mechanism for transmitting motion of a definitecharacter, or
for transforming motion; as, the wheelwork of a watch.Febrille movement (Med.), an
elevation of the body temperature; afever.-- Movement cure. (Med.) See
Kinesiatrics.-- Movement of the bowels, an evacuation or stool; a passage
ordischarge.
MOVENT,Moving. [R.] Grew.
MOVIE,A moving picture or a moving picture show; -- commonly used inpl. [Slang or
Colloq.]
MOVING PICTURE,A series of pictures, usually photographs taken with a
specialmachine, presented to the eye in very rapid succession, with some orall of
the objects in the picture represented in slightly changedpositions, producing, by
persistence of vision, the optical effect ofa continuous picture in which the
objects move in some manner, asthat of some original scene. The usual form of
moving pictures isthat produced by the cinematograph.
MOVING,The act of changing place or posture; esp., the act of changingone's
dwelling place or place of business. Moving day, a day when onemoves; esp., a day
when a large number of tenants change theirdwelling place.
MOVINGLY,In a moving manner. Addison.
MOVINGNESS,The power of moving.
MOW,A wry face. "Make mows at him." Shak.
MOWBURN,To heat and ferment in the mow, as hay when housed too green.
MOWE,See 4th Mow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
MOWER,One who, or that which, mows; a mowing machine; as, a lawnmower.
MOWN,Cut down by mowing, as grass; deprived of grass by mowing; as,a mown field.
MOWYER,A mower. [Obs.]
MOXA,A soft woolly mass prepared from the young leaves of ArtemisiaChinensis, and
used as a cautery by burning it on the skin; hence,any substance used in a like
manner, as cotton impregnated withniter, amadou.
MOYA,Mud poured out from volcanoes during eruptions; -- so called inSouth America.
MOYLE,See Moil, and Moile.
MUCAMIDE,The acid amide of mucic acid, obtained as a white crystallinesubstance.
MUCATE,A salt of mucic acid.
MUCE,See Muse, and Muset.
MUCEDIN,A yellowish white, amorphous, nitrogenous substance found inwheat, rye,
etc., and resembling gluten; -- formerly called alsomucin.
MUCH,To a great degree or extent; greatly; abundantly; far; nearly."Much suffering
heroes." Pope.Thou art much mightier than we. Gen. xxvi. 16.Excellent speech
becometh not a fool, much less do lying lips aprince. Prov. xvii. 7.Henceforth I
fly not death, nor would prolong Life much. Milton.All left the world much as they
found it. Sir W. Temple.
MUCHEL,Much. [Obs.]
MUCHNESS,Greatness; extent. [Obs. or Colloq.]The quantity and muchness of time
which it filcheth. W. Whately.Much of a muchness, much the same. [Colloq.] "Men's
men; gentle orsimple, they 're much of muchness." G. Eliot.
MUCHWHAT,Nearly; almost; much. [Obs.] "Muchwhat after the same manner."Glanvill.
MUCIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, gums and micilaginoussubstances; specif.,
denoting an acid obtained by the oxidation ofgums, dulcite, etc., as a white
crystalline substance isomeric withsaccharic acid.
MUCID,Musty; moldy; slimy; mucous.-- Mu"cid*ness, n.
MUCIFIC,Inducing or stimulating the secretion of mucus; blennogenous.
MUCIFORM,Resembling mucus; having the character or appearance of mucus.
MUCIGEN,A substance which is formed in mucous epithelial cells, andgives rise to
mucin.
MUCIGENOUS,Connected with the formation of mucin; resembling mucin.The mucigenous
basis is manufactured at the expense of the ordinaryprotoplasm of the cell. Foster.
MUCILAGE,A gummy or gelatinous substance produced in certain plants bythe action of
water on the cell wall, as in the seeds of quinces, offlax, etc.
MUCIN,See Mucedin. [Obs.]
MUCINOGEN,Same as Mucigen.
MUCIPAROUS,Secreting, or producing, mucus or mucin.
MUCIVORE,An unsect which feeds on mucus, or the sap of plants, ascertain Diptera,
of the tribe Mucivora.
MUCK RAKE,A rake for scraping up muck or dung. See Muckrake, v. i.,below.
MUCK,, abbreviation of Amuck. To run a muck. See Amuck.
MUCKENDER,A handkerchief. [Obs.] [Written also muckinder, muckiter,mockadour.]
MUCKER,A term of reproach for a low or vulgar labor person. [Slang]
MUCKERER,A miser; a niggard. [Obs.]
MUCKINESS,The quality of being mucky.
MUCKLE,Much. [Obs.]
MUCKMIDDEN,A dunghill. [Scot.]
MUCKSY,Somewhat mucky; soft, sticky, and dirty; muxy. [Prov. Eng.] R.D. Blackmore.
MUCKWORM,A larva or grub that lives in muck or manure; -- applied to thelarvæ of
the tumbledung and allied beetles.
MUCOCELE,An enlargement or protrusion of the mucous membrane of thelachrymal
passages, or dropsy of the lachrymal sac, dependent uponcatarrhal inflammation of
the latter. Dunglison.
MUCOID,Resembling mucus. Dunglison. Mucoid degeneration, a form ofdegeneration in
which the tissues are transformed into a semisolidsubstance resembling mucus.
Quain.
MUCONATE,A salt of muconic acid.
MUCONIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid, obtainedindirectly from
mucic acid, and somewhat resembling itaconic acid.
MUCOPURULENT,Having the character or appearance of both mucus and pus.Dunglison.
MUCOR,A genus of minute fungi. The plants consist of slender threadswith terminal
globular sporangia; mold.
MUCOSITY,The quality or state of being mucous or slimy; mucousness.
MUCOUSNESS,The quality or state of being mucous; sliminess.
MUCRO,A minute abrupt point, as of a leaf; any small, sharp point orprocess,
terminating a larger part or organ.
MUCRONULATE,Having, or tipped with, a small point or points.
MUCULENT,Slimy; moist, and moderately viscous.
MUCUS,A viscid fluid secreted by mucous membranes, which it serves tomoisten and
protect. It covers the lining membranes of all thecavities which open externally,
such as those of the mouth, nose,lungs, intestinal canal, urinary passages, etc.
MUCUSIN,Mucin. [R.]
MUD,Earth and water mixed so as to be soft and adhesive. Mud bass(Zoöl.), a fresh-
water fish (Acantharchum pomotis) of the EasternUnited States. It produces a deep
grunting note.-- Mud bath, an immersion of the body, or some part of it, in
mudcharged with medicinal agents, as a remedy for disease.-- Mud boat, a large
flatboat used in deredging.-- Mud cat. See Catfish.-- Mud crab (Zoöl.), any one of
several American marine crabs of thegenus Panopeus.-- Mud dab (Zoöl.), the winter
flounder. See Flounder, and Dab.-- Mud dauber (Zoöl.), a mud wasp.-- Mud devil
(Zoöl.), the fellbender.-- Mud drum (Steam Boilers), a drum beneath a boiler, into
whichsediment and mud in the water can settle for removal.-- Mud eel (Zoöl.), a
long, slender, aquatic amphibian (Sirenlacertina), found in the Southern United
States. It has persistentexternal gills and only the anterior pair of legs. See
Siren.-- Mud frog (Zoöl.), a European frog (Pelobates fuscus).-- Mud hen. (Zoöl.)
(a) The American coot (Fulica Americana). (b)The clapper rail.-- Mud lark, a person
who cleans sewers, or delves in mud. [Slang] -- Mud minnow (Zoöl.), any small
American fresh-water fish of thegenus Umbra, as U. limi. The genus is allied to the
pickerels.-- Mud plug, a plug for stopping the mudhole of a boiler.-- Mud puppy
(Zoöl.), the menobranchus.-- Mud scow, a heavy scow, used in dredging; a mud boat.
[U.S.] --Mud turtle, Mud tortoise (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species offresh-
water tortoises of the United States.-- Mud wasp (Zoöl.), any one of numerous
species of hymenopterousinsects belonging to Pepæus, and allied genera, which
constructgroups of mud cells, attached, side by side, to stones or to thewoodwork
of buildings, etc. The female places an egg in each cell,together with spiders or
other insects, paralyzed by a sting, toserve as food for the larva. Called also mud
dauber.
MUDAR,Either one of two asclepiadaceous shrubs (Calotropis gigantea,and C.
procera), which furnish a strong and valuable fiber. The acridmilky juice is used
medicinally.
MUDARIN,A brown, amorphous, bitter substance having a strong emeticaction,
extracted from the root of the mudar.
MUDDILY,, In a muddy manner; turbidly; without mixture; cloudily;obscurely;
confusedly.
MUDDLE,A state of being turbid or confused; hence, intellectualcloudiness or
dullness.We both grub on in a muddle. Dickens.
MUDDLEHEAD,A stupid person. [Colloq.] C. Reade.-- Mud"dle-head`ed, a. [Colloq.]
Dickens.
MUDDLER,One who, or that which, muddles.
MUDDY-HEADED,Dull; stupid.
MUDDY-METTLED,Dull-spirited. Shak.
MUDHOLE,A hole near the bottom, through which the sediment iswithdrawn.
MUDIR,Same as Moodir.
MUDSILL,The lowest sill of a structure, usually embedded in the soil;the lowest
timber of a house; also, that sill or timber of a bridgewhich is laid at the bottom
of the water. See Sill.
MUDSUCKER,A woodcock.
MUDWALL,The European bee-eater. See Bee-eater. [Written also modwall.]
MUDWORT,A small herbaceous plant growing on muddy shores (Limosellaaquatica).
MUE,To mew; to molt. [Obs.] Quarles.
MUEZZIN,A Mohammedan crier of the hour of prayer. [Written alsomouezzin, mueddin,
and muwazzin.]
MUFF,A short hollow cylinder surrounding an object, as a pipe.
MUFFETEE,A small muff worn over the wrist. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
MUFFIN,A light, spongy, cylindrical cake, used for breakfast and tea.
MUFFINEER,A dish for keeping muffins hot.
MUFFISH,Stupid; awkward. [Colloq.]
MUFFLE,The bare end of the nose between the nostrils; -- used esp. ofruminants.
MUFFLER,A cushion for terminating or softening a note made by astringed instrument
with a keyboard.
MUFLON,See Mouflon.
MUFTI,An official expounder of Mohammedan law.
MUGGARD,Sullen; displeased. [Obs.]
MUGGET,The small entrails of a calf or a hog.
MUGGINESS,The condition or quality of being muggy.
MUGGINS,In certain games, to score against, or take an advantage over(an opponent),
as for an error, announcing the act by saying"muggins."
MUGGISH,See Muggy.
MUGGLETONIAN,One of an extinct sect, named after Ludovic Muggleton, anEnglish
journeyman tailor, who (about 1657) claimed to be inspired.Eadie.
MUGHOUSE,An alehouse; a pothouse. Tickel.
MUGIENCY,A bellowing. [Obs.]
MUGIENT,Lowing; bellowing. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
MUGIL,A genus of fishes including the gray mullets. See Mullet.
MUGILOID,Like or pertaining to the genus Mugil, or family Mugilidæ.
MUGWEED,A slender European weed (Galium Cruciata); -- called alsocrossweed.
MUGWORT,A somewhat aromatic composite weed (Artemisia vulgaris), at onetime used
medicinally; -- called also motherwort.
MUGWUMP,A bolter from the Republican party in the national election of1884; an
Independent. [Political Cant, U.S.]
MUHAMMADANISM,Mohammedanism.
MULADA,A moor. [Scot.] Lockhart.
MULATTO,The offspring of a negress by a white man, or of a white womanby a negro,
-- usually of a brownish yellow complexion.
MULATTRESS,A female mulatto. G. W. Gable.
MULBERRY,The berry or fruit of any tree of the genus Morus; also, thetree itself.
See Morus.
MULBERRY-FACED,Having a face of a mulberry color, or blotched as if withmulberry
stains.
MULCH,Half-rotten straw, or any like substance strewn on the ground,as over the
roots of plants, to protect from heat, drought, etc., andto preserve moisture.
MULCT,Imposing a pecuniary penalty; consisting of, or paid as, afine.Fines, or some
known mulctuary punishments. Sir W. Temple.
MULE KILLER,Any of several arthropods erroneously supposed to kill livestock, in
the southern United States, by stinging or by beingswallowed; as:(a) A whip
scorpion. [Florida](b) A walking-stick insect. [Texas](c) A mantis.(d) A wheel bug.
MULE,A hybrid animal; specifically, one generated between an ass anda mare,
sometimes a horse and a she-ass. See Hinny.
MULE-JENNY,See Mule, 4.
MULETEER,One who drives mules.
MULEWORT,A fern of the genus Hemionitis.
MULEY,A stiff, long saw, guided at the ends but not stretched in agate. Muley axle
(Railroad), a car axle without collars at the outerends of the journals. Forney.
MULIERLY,In the manner or condition of a mulier; in wedlock;legitimately. [Obs.]
MULIEROSE,Fond of woman. [R.] Charles Reade.
MULIEROSITY,A fondness for women. [R.] Dr. H. More.
MULIERTY,Condition of being a mulier; position of one born in lawfulwedlock.
MULISH,Like a mule; sullen; stubborn.-- Mul"ish*ly, adv.-- Mul"ish*ness, n.
MULL,A thin, soft kind of muslin.
MULLA,Same as Mollah.
MULLAGATAWNY,An East Indian curry soup.
MULLAH,See Mollah.
MULLAR,A die, cut in intaglio, for stamping an ornament in relief, asupon metal.
MULLEIN,Any plant of the genus Verbascum. They are tall herbs havingcoarse leaves,
and large flowers in dense spikes. The common species,with densely woolly leaves,
is Verbascum Thapsus. Moth mullein. Seeunder Moth.-- Mullein foxglove, an American
herb (Seymeria macrophylla) withcoarse leaves and yellow tubular flowers with a
spreading border.-- Petty mullein, the cowslip. Dr. Prior.
MULLEN,See Mullein.
MULLER,A stone or thick lump of glass, or kind of pestle, flat at thebottom, used
for grinding pigments or drugs, etc., upon a slab ofsimilar material.
MULLET,Any one of numerous fishes of the genus Mugil; -- called alsogray mullets.
They are found on the coasts of both continents, andare highly esteemed as food.
Among the most valuable species areMugil capito of Europe, and M. cephalus which
occurs both on theEuropean and American coasts.
MULLIGATAWNY,See Mullagatawny.
MULLINGONG,See Duck mole, under Duck. [Written also mollingong.]
MULLION,To furnish with mullions; to divide by mullions.
MULLOCK,Rubbish; refuse; dirt. [Obs.]All this mullok [was] in a sieve ythrowe.
Chaucer.
MULLOID,Like or pertaining to the genus Mullus, which includes thesurmullet, or red
mullet.
MULMUL,A fine, soft muslin; mull.
MULSE,Wine boiled and mingled with honey.
MULT-,See Multi-.
MULTANGULAR,Having many angles.-- Mul*tan"gu*lar*ly, adv.-- Mul*tan"gu*lar*ness, n.
MULTANIMOUS,Many-minded; many-sided.The multanimous nature of the poet. J. R.
Lowell.
MULTARTICULATE,Having many articulations or joints.
MULTEITY,Multiplicity. [R.] Coleridge.
MULTIAXIAL,Having more than one axis; developing in more than a singleline or
plain; -- opposed to Ant: monoaxial.
MULTICAPSULAR,Having many, or several, capsules.
MULTICARINATE,Many-keeled.
MULTICAVOUS,Having many cavities.
MULTICELLULAR,Consisting of, or having, many cells or more than one cell.
MULTICENTRAL,Having many, or several, centers; as, a multicentral cell.Multicental
development (Biol.), growth, or development, from severalcenters. According as the
insubordination to a single center is moreor less pronounced, the resultant
organism will be more or lessirregular in form and may even discontinuous.
MULTICIPITAL,Having many heads or many stems from one crown or root. Gray.
MULTICOLOR,Having many, or several, colors.
MULTICOSTATE,Having numerous ribs, or costæ, as the leaf of a plant, or ascertain
shells and corals.
MULTICUSPID,Multicuspidate; -- said of teeth.
MULTICUSPIDATE,Having many cusps or points.
MULTIDENTATE,Having many teeth, or toothlike processes.
MULTIDIGITATE,Having many fingers, or fingerlike processes.
MULTIFACED,Having many faces.
MULTIFARIOUS,Having parts, as leaves, arranged in many vertical rows.
MULTIFARIOUSLY,With great multiplicity and diversity; with variety of modesand
relations.
MULTIFARIOUSNESS,The fault of improperly uniting in one bill distinct
andindependent matters, and thereby confounding them. Burrill.
MULTIFEROUS,Bearing or producing much or many. [R.]
MULTIFID,Having many segments; cleft into several parts by linearsinuses; as, a
multifid leaf or corolla.
MULTIFLOROUS,Having many flowers.
MULTIFLUE,Having many flues; as, a multiflue boiler. See Boiler.
MULTIFOIL,An ornamental foliation consisting of more than five divisionsor foils.
[R.] See Foil.
MULTIFOLD,Many times doubled; manifold; numerous.
MULTIFORM,Having many forms, shapes, or appearances.A plastic and multiform unit.
Hare.
MULTIFORMITY,The quality of being multiform; diversity of forms; variety
ofappearances in the same thing. Purchas.
MULTIFORMOUS,Multiform. [Obs.]
MULTIGENEROUS,Having many kinds.
MULTIGRANULATE,Having, or consisting of, many grains.
MULTIGRAPH,A combined rotary type-setting and printing machine for officeuse. The
type is transferred semi-automatically by means of keys froma type-supply drum to a
printing drum. The printing may be done bymeans of an inked ribbon to print
"typewritten" letters, or directlyfrom inked type or a stereotype plate, as in a
printing press.
MULTIJUGATE,Having many pairs of leaflets.
MULTIJUGOUS,Same as Multijugate.
MULTILATERAL,Having many sides; many-sided.
MULTILINEAL,Having many lines. Steevens.
MULTILOBAR,Consisting of, or having, many lobes.
MULTILOCULAR,Having many or several cells or compartments; as, amultilocular shell
or capsule.
MULTILOQUENCE,Quality of being multiloquent; use of many words;talkativeness.
MULTILOQUY,Excess of words or talk. [R.]
MULTINODATE,Having many knots or nodes.
MULTINODOUS,Same as Multinodate.
MULTINOMIAL,Same as Polynomial.
MULTINUCLEAR,Containing many nuclei; as, multinuclear cells.
MULTIPAROUS,Producing many, or more than one, at a birth.
MULTIPARTITE,Divided into many parts; having several parts.
MULTIPED,An insect having many feet, as a myriapod.
MULTIPHASE,Having many phases; specif. (Elec.),
MULTIPLANE,Having several or many planes or plane surfaces; as, amultiplane kite.
MULTIPLE,Containing more than once, or more than one; consisting of morethan one;
manifold; repeated many times; having several, or many,parts. Law of multiple
proportion (Chem.), the generalization thatwhen the same elements unite in more
than one proportion, forming twoor more different compounds, the higher proportions
of the elementsin such compounds are simple multiplies of the lowest proportion,
orthe proportions are connected by some simple common factor; thus,iron and oxygen
unite in the proportions FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, in whichcompounds, considering the
oxygen, 3 and 4 are simple multiplies of1. Called also the Law of Dalton, from its
discoverer.-- Multiple algebra, a branch of advanced mathematics that treats
ofoperations upon units compounded of two or more unlike units.-- Multiple
conjugation (Biol.), a coalescence of many cells (aswhere an indefinite number of
amoeboid cells flow together into asingle mass) from which conjugation proper and
even fertilization mayhave been evolved.-- Multiple fruits. (Bot.) See Collective
fruit, under Collective.-- Multiple star (Astron.), several stars in close
proximity, whichappear to form a single system.
MULTIPLEX,Manifold; multiple.
MULTIPLIABLE,Capable of being multiplied.-- Mul"ti*pli`a*ble*ness, n.
MULTIPLICABLE,Capable of being multiplied; multipliable.
MULTIPLICAND,The number which is to be multiplied by another number calledthe
multiplier. See Note under Multiplication.
MULTIPLICATE,Consisting of many, or of more than one; multiple;
multifold.Multiplicate flower (Bot.), a flower that is double, or has anunusual
number of petals in consequence of the abnormalmultiplication of the parts of the
floral whorls.
MULTIPLICATION,The process of repeating, or adding to itself, any given numberor
quantity a certain number of times; commonly, the process ofascertaining by a
briefer computation the result of such repeatedadditions; also, the rule by which
the operation is performed; -- thereverse of division.
MULTIPLICATIVE,Tending to multiply; having the power to multiply, or
inceasenumbers.
MULTIPLICATIVELY,So as to multiply.
MULTIPLICATOR,The number by which another number is multiplied; a multiplier.
MULTIPLICIOUS,Manifold. [Obs.]
MULTIPLICITY,The quality of being multiple, manifold, or various; a state ofbeing
many; a multitude; as, a multiplicity of thoughts or objects."A multiplicity of
goods." South.
MULTIPLIER,The number by which another number is multiplied. See the Noteunder
Multiplication.
MULTIPLY,To add (any given number or quantity) to itself a certainnumber of times;
to find the product of by multiplication; thus 7multiplied by 8 produces the number
56; to multiply two numbers. Seethe Note under Multiplication.
MULTIPOLAR,Having many poles; -- applied especially to those ganglionicnerve cells
which have several radiating processes.
MULTIPOTENT,Having manifold power, or power to do many things. "Jovemultipotent."
Shak.
MULTIPRESENCE,The state or power of being multipresent.The multipresence of
Christ's body. Bp. Hall.
MULTIPRESENT,Being, or having the power to be, present in two or more placesat
once.
MULTIRADIATE,Having many rays.
MULTIRAMIFIED,Divided into many branches.
MULTIRAMOSE,Having many branches.
MULTISCIOUS,Having much or varied knowledge. [Obs.]
MULTISECT,Divided into many similar segments; -- said of an insect ormyriapod.
MULTISEPTATE,Divided into many chambers by partitions, as the pith of thepokeweed.
MULTISERIAL,Arranged in many rows, or series, as the scales of a pine cone,or the
leaves of the houseleek.
MULTISILIQUOUS,Having many pods or seed vessels.
MULTISONOUS,Having many sounds, or sounding much.
MULTISPIRAL,Having numerous spiral coils round a center or nucleus; -- saidof the
opercula of certain shells.
MULTISTRIATE,Having many streaks.
MULTISULCATE,Having many furrows.
MULTISYLLABLE,A word of many syllables; a polysyllable. [R.] --Mul`ti*syl*lab"ic,
a.
MULTITITULAR,Having many titles.
MULTITUBULAR,Having many tubes; as, a multitubular boiler.
MULTITUDINARY,Multitudinous.
MULTITUDINOUS,Wandering much. [Obs.]
MULTIVALENCE,Quality, state, or degree, of a multivalent element, atom, orradical.
MULTIVALVE,Any mollusk which has a shell composed of more than two pieces.
MULTIVERSANT,Turning into many shapes; assuming many forms; protean.
MULTIVIOUS,Having many ways or roads; by many ways. [Obs.]
MULTIVOCAL,Signifying many different things; of manifold meaning;equivocal. "An
ambiguous multivocal word." Coleridge.-- n.
MULTOCULAR,Having many eyes, or more than two.
MULTUM,An extract of quassia licorice, fraudulently used by brewers inorder to
economize malt and hops. Craig. Hard multum, a preparationmade from Cocculus
Indicus, etc., used to impart an intoxicatingquality to beer.
MULTUNGULATE,Having many hoofs.
MULTURE,The toll for grinding grain. Erskine.
MUM,Silent; not speaking. Thackeray.The citizens are mum, and speak not a word.
Shak.
MUM-CHANCE,Silent and idle. [Colloq.]Boys can't sit mum-chance always. J. H. Ewing.
MUMBLENEWS,A talebearer. [Obs.]
MUMBLER,One who mumbles.
MUMBLING,Low; indistinct; inarticulate.-- Mum"bling*ly, adv.
MUMBO JUMBO,An object of superstitious homage and fear. Carlyle.The miserable Mumbo
Jumbo they paraded. Dickens.
MUMM,To sport or make diversion in a mask or disguise; to mask.With mumming and
with masking all around. Spenser.
MUMMER,One who mumms, or makes diversion in disguise; a masker; abuffon.Jugglers
and dancers, antics, mummers. Milton.
MUMMICHOG,Any one of several species of small American cyprinodont fishesof the
genus Fundulus, and of allied genera; the killifishes; --called also minnow.
[Written also mummychog, mummachog.]
MUMMIFICATION,The act of making a mummy.
MUMMIFIED,Converted into a mummy or a mummylike substance; having theappearance of
a mummy; withered.
MUMMIFORM,Having some resemblance to a mummy; -- in zoölogy, said of thepupæ of
certain insects.
MUMMIFY,To embalm and dry as a mummy; to make into, or like, a mummy.Hall (1646).
MUMMY,A sort of wax used in grafting, etc.
MUMMYCHOG,See Mummichog.
MUMPER,A beggar; a begging impostor.Deceived by the tales of a Lincoln's Inn
mumper. Macaulay.
MUMPISH,Sullen, sulky.-- Mump"ish*ly, adv.-- Mump"ish*ness, n.
MUMPS,Sullenness; silent displeasure; the sulks. Skinner.
MUN,The mouth. [Obs.]One a penny, two a penny, hot cross buns, Butter them and
sugar themand put them in your muns. Old Rhyme. Halliwell.
MUNCH,To chew with a grinding, crunching sound, as a beast chewsprovender; to chew
deliberately or in large mouthfuls. [Formerlywritten also maunch and mounch.]I
could munch your good dry oats. Shak.
MUNCHAUSENISM,An extravagant fiction embodying an account of some marvelousexploit
or adventure.
MUNCHER,One who munches.
MUND,See Mun.
MUNDANE,Of or pertaining to the world; worldly; earthly; terrestrial;as, the
mundane sphere.-- Mun"dane*ly, adv.The defilement of mundane passions. I. Taylor.
MUNDANITY,Worldliness. [Obs.]
MUNDATION,The act of cleansing. [Obs.]
MUNDATORY,Cleansing; having power to cleanse. [Obs.]
MUNDIC,Iron pyrites, or arsenical pyrites; -- so called by the Cornishminers.
MUNDIFICANT,Serving to cleanse and heal.-- n.
MUNDIFICATION,The act or operation of cleansing.
MUNDIFICATIVE,Cleansing.-- n.
MUNDIFY,To cleanse. [Obs.]
MUNDIL,A turban ornamented with an imitation of gold or silverembroidery.
MUNDIVAGANT,Wandering over the world. [R.]
MUNDUNGUS,A stinking tobacco.
MUNERARY,Having the nature of a gift. [Obs.]
MUNERATE,To remunerate.
MUNERATION,Remuneration. [Obs.]
MUNG,Green gram, a kind of pulse (Phaseolus Mungo), grown for foodin British India.
Balfour (Cyc. of India).
MUNGA,See Bonnet monkey, under Bonnet.
MUNGCORN,Same as Mangcorn.
MUNGO,A fibrous material obtained by deviling rags or the remnants ofwoolen goods.
MUNGREL,See Mongrel.
MUNICIPALISM,Municipal condition.
MUNICIPALITY,A municipal district; a borough, city, or incorporated town orvillage.
MUNICIPALIZE,To bring under municipal oversight or control; as, amunicipalized
industry.
MUNICIPALLY,In a municipal relation or condition.
MUNIFIC,Munificent; liberal. [Obs. or R.]
MUNIFICATE,To enrich. [Obs.]
MUNIFICENCE,Means of defense; fortification. [Obs.] Spenser.
MUNIFICENT,Very liberal in giving or bestowing; lavish; as, a
munificentbenefactor.-- Mu*nif"i*cent*ly, adv.
MUNIFY,To prepare for defense; to fortify. [Obs.]
MUNIMENT,A record; the evidences or writings whereby a man is enabled todefend the
title to his estate; title deeds and papers. Blount.Muniment house or room, that
room in a cathedral, castle, or otherpublic building, which is used for keeping the
records, charters,seals, deeds, and the like. Gwilt.
MUNITE,To fortify; to strengthen. [Obs.]
MUNITY,Freedom; security; immunity. [Obs.] W. Montagu.
MUNJEET,See Indian madder, under Madder.
MUNJISTIN,An orangered coloring substance resembling alizarin, found inthe root of
an East Indian species of madder (Rubia munjista).
MUNNION,See Mullion.
MUNTJAC,Any one of several species of small Asiatic deer of the genusCervulus, esp.
C. muntjac, which occurs both in India and on the EastIndian Islands. [Written also
muntjak.]
MUNTZ METAL,See under Metal.
MURAENA,A genus of large eels of the family Mirænidæ. They differ fromthe common
eel in lacking pectoral fins and in having the dorsal andanal fins continuous. The
murry (Muræna Helenæ) of Southern Europewas the muræna of the Romans. It is highly
valued as a food fish.
MURAGE,A tax or toll paid for building or repairing the walls of afortified town.
MURDER,The offense of killing a human being with malice prepense oraforethought,
express or implied; intentional and unlawful homicide."Mordre will out."
Chaucer.The killing of their children had, in the account of God, the guiltof
murder, as the offering them to idols had the guilt of idolatry.Locke.Slaughter
grows murder when it goes too far. Dryden.
MURDERESS,A woman who commits murder.
MURDERMENT,Murder. [Obs.] Farfax.
MURDEROUS,Of or pertaining to murder; characterized by, or causing,murder or
bloodshed; having the purpose or quality of murder; bloody;sanguinary; as, the
murderous king; murderous rapine; murderousintent; a murderous assault. "Murderous
coward." Shak.-- Mur"der*ous*ly, adv.
MURDRESS,A battlement in ancient fortifications with interstices forfiring through.
MURE,A wall. [Obs.] Shak.
MURENGER,One who had charge of the wall of a town, or its repairs.
MUREX,A genus of marine gastropods, having rough, and frequentlyspinose, shells,
which are often highly colored inside; the rockshells. They abound in tropical
seas.
MUREXAN,A complex nitrogenous substance obtained from murexide,alloxantin, and
other ureids, as a white, or yellowish, crystallinewhich turns red on exposure to
the air; -- called also uramil,dialuramide, and formerly purpuric acid.
MUREXIDE,A crystalline nitrogenous substance having a splendiddichroism, being
green by reflected light and garnet-red bytransmitted light. It was formerly used
in dyeing calico, and wasobtained in a large quantities from guano. Formerly called
alsoammonium purpurate.
MUREXOIN,A complex nitrogenous compound obtained as a scarletcrystalline substance,
and regarded as related to murexide.
MURIATE,A salt of muriatic hydrochloric acid; a chloride; as, muriateof ammonia.
MURIATED,Combined or impregnated with muriatic or hydrochloric acid.
MURIATIC,Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sea salt, or fromchlorine, one of the
constituents of sea salt; hydrochloric. Muriaticacid, hydrochloric acid, HCl; --
formerly called also marine acid,and spirit of salt. See hydrochloric, and the Note
under Muriate.
MURIATIFEROUS,Producing muriatic substances or salt. [Obs.]
MURICOID,Like, or pertaining to, the genus Murex, or family Muricidæ.
MURICULATE,Minutely muricate.
MURIDE,Bromine; -- formerly so called from its being obtained from seawater.
MURIFORM,Resembling courses of bricks or stones in squareness andregular
arrangement; as, a muriform variety of cellular tissue.
MURINE,Pertaining to a family of rodents (Muridæ), of which the mouseis the type.
MURINGER,See Murenger. Jacob.
MURK,Dark; murky.He can not see through the mantle murk. J. R. Drake.
MURKILY,Darkly; gloomily.
MURKINESS,The state of being murky.
MURKY,Dark; obscure; gloomy. "The murkiest den." Shak.A murky deep lowering o'er
our heads. Addison.
MURLINS,A seaweed. See Baddrelocks.
MURMUR,To utter or give forth in low or indistinct words or sounds;as, to murmur
tales. Shak.The people murmured such things concerning him. John vii. 32.
MURMURATION,The act of murmuring; a murmur. [Obs.] Skelton.
MURMURER,One who murmurs.
MURMURING,Uttering murmurs; making low sounds; complaining.-- Mur"mur*ing*ly, adv.
MURMUROUS,Attended with murmurs; exciting murmurs or complaint;murmuring. [Archaic
or Poetic]The lime, a summer home of murmurous wings. Tennyson.
MURNIVAL,In the game of gleek, four cards of the same value, as fouraces or four
kings; hence, four of anything. [Obs.] [Written alsomournival.]
MURPHY,A potato. [Humorous] Thackeray.
MURR,A catarrh. [Obs.] Gascoigne.
MURRAIN,An infectious and fatal disease among cattle. Bacon. A murrainon you, may
you be afflicted with a pestilent disease. Shak.
MURRAYIN,A glucoside found in the flowers of a plant (Murraya exotica)of South
Asia, and extracted as a white amorphous slightly bittersubstance.
MURRE,Any one of several species of sea birds of the genus Uria, orCatarractes; a
guillemot.
MURRELET,One of several species of sea birds of the generaSynthliboramphus and
Brachyramphus, inhabiting the North Pacific.They are closely related to the murres.
MURREY,A dark red color.-- a.
MURRHINE,Made of the stone or material called by the Romans murrha; --applied to
certain costly vases of great beauty and delicacy used bythe luxurious in Rome as
wine cups; as, murrhine vases, cups,vessels. Murrhine glass, glassware made in
imitation of murrhinevases and cups.
MURRION,Infected with or killed by murrain. [Obs.] Shak.
MURRY,See Muræna.
MURTH,Plenty; abundance. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
MURTHER,Murder, n. & v. [Obs. or Prov.] "The treason of themurthering." Chaucer.
MURTHERER,A murderer. [Obs. or Prov.]
MURZA,One of the hereditary nobility among the Tatars, esp. one ofthe second class.
MUS,A genus of small rodents, including the common mouse and rat.
MUSA,A genus of perennial, herbaceous, endogenous plants of greatsize, including
the banana (Musa sapientum), the plantain (M.paradisiaca of Linnæus, but probably
not a distinct species), theAbyssinian (M. Ensete), the Philippine Island (M.
textilis, whichyields Manila hemp), and about eighteen other species. See Illust.
ofBanana and Plantain.
MUSACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the genus Musa.
MUSAL,Of or pertaining to the Muses, or to Poetry. [R.]
MUSANG,A small animal of Java (Paradoxirus fasciatus), allied to thecivets. It
swallows, but does not digest, large quantities of ripecoffee berries, thus serving
to disseminate the coffee plant; henceit is called also coffee rat.
MUSAR,An itinerant player on the musette, an instrument formerlycommon in Europe.
MUSARD,A dreamer; an absent-minded person. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
MUSCA,A genus of dipterous insects, including the common house fly,and numerous
allied species.
MUSCADEL,See Muscatel, n.Quaffed off the muscadel. Shak.
MUSCADINE,A name given to several very different kinds of grapes, but inAmerica
used chiefly for the scuppernong, or southern fox grape,which is said to be the
parent stock of the Catawba. See Grapevine.
MUSCALES,An old name for mosses in the widest sense, including the truemosses and
also hepaticæ and sphagna.
MUSCALLONGE,See Muskellunge.
MUSCARDIN,The common European dormouse; -- so named from its odor.[Written also
muscadine.]
MUSCARDINE,A disease which is very destructive to silkworms, and whichsometimes
extends to other insects. It is attended by the developmentof a fungus
(provisionally called Botrytis bassiana). Also, thefungus itself.
MUSCARIFORM,Having the form of a brush.
MUSCARIN,A solid crystalline substance, C5H13NO2, found in the toadstool(Agaricus
muscarius), and in putrid fish. It is a typical ptomaine,and a violent poison.
MUSCAT,A name given to several varieties of Old World grapes,differing in color,
size, etc., but all having a somewhat muskyflavor. The muscat of Alexandria is a
large oval grape of a paleamber color. [Written also muskat.]
MUSCATEL,Of, pertaining to, or designating, or derived from, a muscatgrapes or
similar grapes; a muscatel grapes; muscatel wine, etc.
MUSCHELKALK,A kind of shell limestone, whose strata form the middle one ofthe three
divisions of the Triassic formation in Germany. See Chart,under Geology.
MUSCI,An order or subclass of cryptogamous plants; the mosses. SeeMoss, and
Cryptogamia.
MUSCICAPINE,Of or pertaining to the Muscicapidæ, a family of birds thatincludes the
true flycatchers.
MUSCID,Any fly of the genus Musca, or family Muscidæ.
MUSCIFORM,Having the form or structure of flies of the genus Musca, orfamily
Muscidæ.
MUSCLE READING,The art of making discriminations between objects of choice,
ofdiscovering the whereabouts of hidden objects, etc., by inferencefrom the
involuntary movements of one whose hand the reader holds orwith whom he is
otherwise in muscular contact.
MUSCLE,See Mussel. Muscle curve (Physiol.), contraction curve of amuscle; a
myogram; the curve inscribed, upon a prepared surface, bymeans of a myograph when
acted upon by a contracting muscle. Thecharacter of the curve represents the extent
of the contraction.
MUSCLED,Furnished with muscles; having muscles; as, things wellmuscled.
MUSCLING,Exhibition or representation of the muscles. [R.]A good piece, the
painters say, must have good muscling, as well ascoloring and drapery. Shaftesbury.
MUSCOGEES,See Muskogees.
MUSCOID,Mosslike; resembling moss.
MUSCOLOGY,Bryology.
MUSCOSITY,Mossiness. Jonhson.
MUSCOVADO,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, unrefined or raw sugar,obtained from
the juice of the sugar cane by evaporating and drainingoff the molasses. Muscovado
sugar contains impurities which render itdark colored and moist.
MUSCOVITE,Common potash mica. See Mica.
MUSCOVY DUCK,A duck (Cairina moschata), larger than the common duck, oftenraised in
poultry yards. Called also musk duck. It is native oftropical America, from Mexico
to Southern Brazil.
MUSCOVY GLASS,Mica; muscovite. See Mica.
MUSCULARITY,The state or quality of being muscular. Grew.
MUSCULARIZE,To make muscular. Lowell.
MUSCULARLY,In a muscular manner.
MUSCULATION,The muscular system of an animal, or of any of its parts.
MUSCULATURE,Musculation.
MUSCULE,A long movable shed used by besiegers in ancient times inattacking the
walls of a fortified town.
MUSCULIN,See Syntonin.
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS,Pertaining both to muscles and skin; as, the
musculocutaneousnerve.
MUSCULOPHRENIC,Pertaining to the muscles and the diaphragm; as, themusculophrenic
artery.
MUSCULOSITY,The quality or state of being musculous; muscularity. [Obs.]
MUSCULOSPIRAL,Of or pertaining to the muscles, and taking a spiral course;
--applied esp. to a large nerve of the arm.
MUSCULOUS,Muscular. [Obs.] Jonhson.
MUSE,A gap or hole in a hedge, hence, wall, or the like, throughwhich a wild animal
is accustomed to pass; a muset.Find a hare without a muse. Old Prov.
MUSEFUL,Meditative; thoughtfully silent. "Museful mopings." Dryden.-- Muse"ful*ly,
adv.
MUSELESS,Unregardful of the Muses; disregarding the power of poetry;unpoetical.
Milton.
MUSER,One who muses.
MUSET,A small hole or gap through which a wild animal passes; a muse.Shak.
MUSEUM,A repository or a collection of natural, scientific, orliterary curiosities,
or of works of art. Museum beetle, Museum pest.(Zoöl.) See Anthrenus.
MUSH,Meal (esp. Indian meal) boiled in water; hasty pudding; supawn.[U.S.]
MUSHROOM-HEADED,Having a cylindrical body with a convex head of largerdiameter;
having a head like that of a mushroom.
MUSHY,Soft like mush; figuratively, good-naturedly weak and effusive;weakly
sentimental.She 's not mushy, but her heart is tender. G. Eliot.
MUSIC DRAMA,An opera in which the text and action are not interrupted byset arias,
duets, etc., the music being determined throughout bydramatic appropriateness;
musical drama of this character, ingeneral. It involves the use of a kind of
melodious declamation, thedevelopment of leitmotif, great orchestral elaboration,
and a fusionof poetry, music, action, and scene into an organic whole. The termis
applied esp. to the later works of Wagner: "Tristan und Isolde,""Die
Meistersinger," "Rheingold," "Walküre," "Siegfried,""Götterdämmerung," and
"Parsifal."
MUSIC HALL,A place for public musical entertainments; specif. (Eng.), esp.a public
hall for vaudeville performances, in which smoking anddrinking are usually allowed
in the auditorium.
MUSIC,A more or less musical sound made by many of the lower animals.See
Stridulation. Magic music, a game in which a person is guided infinding a hidden
article, or in doing a specific art required, bymusic which is made more loud or
rapid as he approaches success, andslower as he recedes. Tennyson.-- Music box. See
Musical box, under Musical.-- Music hall, a place for public musical
entertainments.-- Music loft, a gallery for musicians, as in a dancing room or
achurch.-- Music of the spheres, the harmony supposed to be produced by
theaccordant movement of the celestial spheres.-- Music paper, paper ruled with the
musical staff, for the use ofcomposers and copyists.-- Music pen, a pen for ruling
at one time the five lines of themusical staff.-- Music shell (Zoöl.), a handsomely
colored marine gastropod shell(Voluta musica) found in the East Indies; -- so
called because thecolor markings often resemble printed music. Sometimes applied
toother shells similarly marked.-- To face the music, to meet any disagreeable
necessity withoutflinching. [Colloq. or Slang]
MUSICAL,Of or pertaining to music; having the qualities of music; orthe power of
producing music; devoted to music; melodious;harmonious; as, musical proportion; a
musical voice; musicalinstruments; a musical sentence; musical persons. Musical, or
Music,box, a box or case containing apparatus moved by clockwork so as toplay
certain tunes automatically.-- Musical fish (Zoöl.), any fish which utters sounds
under water,as the drumfish, grunt, gizzard shad, etc.-- Musical glasses, glass
goblets or bowls so tuned and arrangedthat when struck, or rubbed, they produce
musical notes. CF.Harmonica, 1.
MUSICALE,A social musical party. [Colloq.]
MUSICALLY,In a musical manner.
MUSICALNESS,The quality of being musical.
MUSICIAN,One skilled in the art or science of music; esp., a skilledsinger, or
performer on a musical instrument.
MUSICOMANIA,A kind of monomania in which the passion for music becomes sostrong as
to derange the intellectual faculties. Dunglison.
MUSIMON,See Mouflon.
MUSINGLY,In a musing manner.
MUSIT,See Muset.
MUSK,The musk deer. See Musk deer (below).
MUSKADEL,See Muscadel.
MUSKAT,See Muscat.
MUSKELLUNGE,A large American pike (Esox nobilitor) found in the GreatLakes, and
other Northern lakes, and in the St. Lawrence River. It isvalued as a food fish.
[Written also maskallonge, maskinonge,muskallonge, muskellonge, and muskelunjeh.]
MUSKET,The male of the sparrow hawk.
MUSKETEER,A soldier armed with a musket.
MUSKETO,See Mosquito.
MUSKINESS,The quality or state of being musky; the scent of musk.
MUSKMELON,The fruit of a cucubritaceous plant (Cicumis Melo), having apeculiar
aromatic flavor, and cultivated in many varieties, theprincipal sorts being the
cantaloupe, of oval form and yellowishflesh, and the smaller nutmeg melon with
greenish flesh. See Illust.of Melon.
MUSKOGEES,A powerful tribe of North American Indians that formerlyoccupied the
region of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. Theyconstituted a large part of the Creek
confederacy. [Written alsoMuscogees.]
MUSKRAT,A North American aquatic fur-bearing rodent (Fiber zibethicus).It resembles
a rat in color and having a long scaly tail, but thetail is compressed, the bind
feet are webbed, and the ears areconcealed in the fur. It has scent glands which
secrete a substancehaving a strong odor of musk. Called also musquash, musk beaver,
andondatra.
MUSKY,Having an odor of musk, or somewhat the like. Milton.
MUSLIM,See Moslem.
MUSLIN,A thin cotton, white, dyed, or printed. The name is alsoapplied to coarser
and heavier cotton goods; as, shirting andsheeting muslins. Muslin cambric. See
Cambric.-- Muslin delaine, a light woolen fabric for women's dresses. SeeDelaine.
[Written also mousseline de laine.]
MUSLINET,A sort of coarse or light cotton cloth.
MUSMON,See Mouflon.
MUSOMANIA,See Musicomania.
MUSQUASH,See Muskrat. Musquash root (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant(Cicuta
maculata), having a poisonous root. See Water hemlock.
MUSQUAW,The American black bear. See Bear.
MUSQUET,See Musket.
MUSQUITO,See Mosquito.
MUSS,A scramble, as when small objects are thrown down, to be takenby those who can
seize them; a confused struggle. Shak.
MUSSEL,Any one of many species of marine bivalve shells of the genusMytilus, and
related genera, of the family Mytidæ. The common mussel(Mytilus edulis; see Illust.
under Byssus), and the larger, or horse,mussel (Modiola modiolus), inhabiting the
shores both of Europe andAmerica, are edible. The former is extensively used as
food inEurope.
MUSSITATION,A speaking in a low tone; mumbling. [Obs.]
MUSSITE,A variety of pyroxene, from the Mussa Alp in Piedmont;diopside.
MUSSULMAN,A Mohammedan; a Moslem.
MUSSULMANIC,Of, pertaining to, or like, the Mussulmans, or their
customs:Mohammedan.
MUSSULMANISH,Mohammedan.
MUSSULMANISM,Mohammedanism.
MUSSULMANLY,In the manner of Moslems.
MUSSY,Disarranged; rumpled. [Colloq. U.S.]
MUST,Mustiness.
MUSTAC,A small tufted monkey.
MUSTACHE,A West African monkey (Cercopithecus cephus). It has yellowwhiskers, and a
triangular blue mark on the nose.
MUSTACHO,A mustache. Longfellow.
MUSTACHOED,Having mustachios.
MUSTAHFIZ,See Army organization, above.
MUSTAIBA,A close-grained, neavy wood of a brownish color, brought fromBrazil, and
used in turning, for making the handles of tools, and thelike. [Written also
mostahiba.] MaElrath.
MUSTANG,The half-wild horse of the plains in Mexico, California, etc.It is small,
hardy, and easily sustained. Mustard grape (Bot.), aspecies of grape (Vitis
candicans), native in Arkansas and Texas. Theberries are small, light-colored, with
an acid skin and a sweet pulp.
MUSTARD,The name of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica(formerly
Sinapis), as white mustard (B. alba), black mustard (B.Nigra), wild mustard or
charlock (B. Sinapistrum).
MUSTEE,See Mestee.
MUSTELINE,Like or pertaining to the family Mustelidæ, or the weasels andmartens.
MUSTER,To be gathered together for parade, inspection, exercise, orthe like; to
come together as parts of a force or body; as, hissupporters mustered in force.
"The mustering squadron." Byron.
MUSTILY,In a musty state.
MUSTINESS,The quality or state of being musty.
MUTABILITY,The quality of being mutable, or subject to change oralteration, either
in form, state, or essential character;susceptibility of change; changeableness;
inconstancy; variation.Plato confessed that the heavens and the frame of the world
arecorporeal, and therefore subject to mutability. Stillingfleet.
MUTABLENESS,The quality of being mutable.
MUTABLY,Changeably.
MUTACISM,See Mytacism.
MUTAGE,A process for checking the fermentation of the must of grapes.
MUTANDUM,A thing which is to be changed; something which must bealtered; -- used
chiefly in the plural.
MUTATION,Change; alteration, either in form or qualities.The vicissitude or
mutations in the superior globe are no fit matterfor this present argument. Bacon.
MUTCH,The close linen or muslin cap of an old woman. [Prov. Eng. &Scot.]
MUTCHKIN,A liquid measure equal to four gills, or an imperial pint.[Scot.]
MUTE,To cast off; to molt.Have I muted all my feathers Beau. & Fl.
MUTE-HILL,See Moot-hill. [Scot.]
MUTELY,Without uttering words or sounds; in a mute manner; silently.
MUTENESS,The quality or state of being mute; speechlessness.
MUTESSARIF,In Turkey, an administrative authority of any of certainsanjaks. They
are appointed directly by the Sultan.
MUTESSARIFAT,In Turkey, a sanjak whose head is a mutessarif.
MUTILATE,Having finlike appendages or flukes instead of legs, as acetacean.
MUTILATION,The act of mutilating, or the state of being mutilated;deprivation of a
limb or of an essential part.
MUTILATOR,One who mutilates.
MUTILOUS,Mutilated; defective; imperfect. [Obs.]
MUTINE,A mutineer. [Obs.]
MUTINEER,One guilty of mutiny.
MUTING,Dung of birds.
MUTINOUS,Disposed to mutiny; in a state of mutiny; characterized bymutiny;
seditious; insubordinate.The city was becoming mutinous. Macaulay.-- Mu"ti*nous*ly,
adv.-- Mu"ti*nous*ness, n.
MUTISM,The condition, state, or habit of being mute, or withoutspeech. Max Müller.
MUTOSCOPE,A simple form of moving-picture machine in which the series ofviews,
exhibiting the successive phases of a scene, are printed onpaper and mounted around
the periphery of a wheel. The rotation ofthe wheel brings them rapidly into sight,
one after another, and theblended effect gives a semblance of motion.
MUTTER,To utter with imperfect articulations, or with a low voice; as,to mutter
threats. Shak.
MUTTERER,One who mutters.
MUTTERINGLY,With a low voice and indistinct articulation; in a mutteringmanner.
MUTTONY,Like mutton; having a flavor of mutton.
MUTUALISM,The doctrine of mutual dependence as the condition ofindividual and
social welfare. F. Harrison. H. Spencer. Mallock.
MUTUALITY,Reciprocity of consideration. Wharton.
MUTUALLY,In a mutual manner.
MUTUARY,One who borrows personal chattels which are to be consumed byhim, and which
he is to return or repay in kind. Bouvier.
MUTUATION,The act of borrowing or exchanging. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
MUTULE,A projecting block worked under the corona of the Doric corice,in the same
situation as the modillion of the Corinthian andComposite orders. See Illust. of
Gutta. Oxf. Gloss.
MUX,Dirt; filth; muck. [Prov. Eng.] ose.
MUXY,Soft; sticky, and dirty. [Prov. Eng.] See Mucky.
MUZARAB,One of a denomination of Christians formerly living under thegovernment of
the Moors in Spain, and having a liturgy and ritual oftheir own. [Written also
Mozarab, Mostarab.] Brande & C.
MUZARABIC,Of or pertaining to Muzarabs; as, the Muzarabic liturgy.[Written also
Mozarabic.]
MUZZINESS,The state or quality of being muzzy.
MUZZLE,To bring the mouth or muzzle near.The bear muzzles and smels to him.
L'Estrange.
MUZZLE-LOADER,A firearm which receives its charge through the muzzle,
asdistinguished from one which is loaded at the breech.
MUZZLE-LOADING,Receiving its charge through the muzzle; as, a muzzle-loadingrifle.
MUZZY,Absent-minded; dazed; muddled; stupid.The whole company stared at me with a
whimsical, muzzy look, like menwhose senses were a little obfuscated by beer rather
then wine. W.Irving.
MY,Of or belonging to me; -- used always attributively; as, mybody; my book; --
mine is used in the predicate; as, the book ismine. See Mine.
MYA,A genus of bivalve mollusks, including the common long, orsoft-shelled, clam.
MYALGIA,Pain in the muscles; muscular rheumatism or neuralgia.
MYALL WOOD,A durable, fragrant, and dark-colored Australian wood, used bythe
natives for spears. It is obtained from the small tree Acaciahomolophylla.
MYARIA,A division of bivalve mollusks of which the common clam (Mya)is the type.
MYCELIUM,The white threads or filamentous growth from which a mushroomor fungus is
developed; the so-called mushroom spawn.-- My*ce"li*al, a.
MYCELOID,Resembling mycelium.
MYCETES,A genus of South American monkeys, including the howlers. SeeHowler, 2, and
Illust.
MYCETOID,Resembling a fungus.
MYCETOZOA,The Myxomycetes; -- so called by those who regard them as aclass of
animals. -- My*ce`to*zo"an (#), a.
MYCODERMA,One of the forms in which bacteria group themselves; a more orless thick
layer of motionless but living bacteria, formed by thebacteria uniting on the
surface of the fluid in which they aredeveloped. This production differs from the
zoöloea stage of bacteriaby not having the intermediary mucous substance.
MYCOLOGIST,One who is versed in, or who studies, mycology.
MYCOLOGY,That branch of botanical science which relates to the musgroomsand other
fungi.
MYCOMELIC,Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid ofthe alloxan
group, obtained as a honey-yellow powder. Its solutionshave a gelatinous
consistency.
MYCOPROTEIN,The protoplasmic matter of which bacteria are composed.
MYCOSE,A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose and obtained fromcertain lichens
and fungi. Called also trehalose. [Written alsomykose.]
MYCOTHRIX,The chain of micrococci formed by the division of themicrococci in
multiplication.
MYDALEINE,A toxic alkaloid (ptomaine) obtained from putrid flesh and fromherring
brines. As a poison it is said to execute profuse diarrhoea,vomiting, and
intestinal inflammation. Brieger.
MYDATOXIN,A poisonous amido acid, C6H13NO2, separated by Brieger fromdecaying
horseflesh. In physiological action, it is similar tocurare.
MYDAUS,The teledu.
MYDRIASIS,A long-continued or excessive dilatation of the pupil of theeye.
MYDRIATIC,Causing dilatation of the pupil.-- n.
MYELENCEPHALA,Same as Vertebrata.
MYELENCEPHALIC,Of or pertaining to the myelencephalon; cerebro-spinal.
MYELENCEPHALOUS,Of or pertaining to the Myelencephala.
MYELITIS,Inflammation of the spinal marrow or its membranes.
MYELOCOELE,The central canal of the spinal cord.
MYELOGENIC,Derived from, or pertaining to, the bone marrow.
MYELOID,Resembling marrow in appearance or consistency; as, a myeloidtumor.
MYELOIDIN,A substance, present in the protoplasm of the retinalepithelium cells,
and resembling, if not identical with, thesubstance (myelin) forming the medullary
sheaths of nerve fibers.
MYELON,The spinal cord. (Sometimes abbrev. to myel.)
MYELONAL,Of or pertaining to the myelon; as, the myelonal, or spinal,nerves.
MYELONEURA,The Vertebrata.
MYELOPLAX,One of the huge multinucleated cells found in the marrow ofbone and
occasionally in other parts; a giant cell. See Osteoclast.
MYGALE,A genus of very large hairy spiders having four lungs and onlyfour
spinnerets. They do not spin webs, but usually construct tubesin the earth, which
are often furnished with a trapdoor. The SouthAmerican bird spider (Mygale
avicularia), and the crab spider, ormatoutou (M. cancerides) are among the largest
species. Some of thespecies are erroneously called tarantulas, as the Texas
tarantula (M.Hentzii).
MYKISS,A salmon (Salmo mykiss, syn. S. purpuratus) marked with blackspots and a red
throat, found in most of the rivers from Alaska tothe Colorado River, and in
Siberia; -- called also black-spottedtrout, cutthroat trout, and redthroat trout.
MYLODON,An extinct genus of large slothlike American edentates, alliedto
Megatherium.
MYLOHYOID,Pertaining to, or in the region of, the lower jaw and the hyoidapparatus;
as, the mylohyoid nerve.
MYNA,Any one of numerous species of Asiatic starlings of the generaAcridotheres,
Sturnopastor, Sturnia, Gracula, and allied genera. Inhabits they resemble the
European starlings, and like them are oftencaged and taught to talk. See Hill myna,
under Hill, and Mino bird.[Spelt also mynah.]
MYNCHEN,A nun. [Obs.]
MYNCHERY,A nunnery; -- a term still applied to the ruins of certainnunneries in
England.
MYNHEER,The Dutch equivalent of Mr. or Sir; hence, a Dutchman.
MYO-,A combining form of Gr. muscle; as, myograph, myochrome.
MYOCARDITIS,Inflammation of the myocardium.
MYOCARDIUM,The main substance of the muscular wall of the heart inclosedbetween the
epicardium and endocardium.
MYOCHROME,A colored albuminous substance in the serum from red-coloredmuscles. It
is identical with hemoglobin.
MYOCOMMA,A myotome.
MYODYNAMICS,The department of physiology which deals with the principles ofmuscular
contraction; the exercise of muscular force or contraction.
MYODYNAMIOMETER,A myodynamometer.
MYODYNAMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the muscular strength of man or ofother
animals; a dynamometer. Dunglison.
MYOEPITHELIAL,Derived from epithelial cells and destined to become a part ofthe
muscular system; -- applied to structural elements in certainembryonic forms.
MYOGALID,One of the Myogalodæ, a family of Insectivora, including thedesman, and
allied species.
MYOGRAM,See Muscle curve, under Muscle.
MYOGRAPH,An instrument for determining and recording the differentphases, as the
intensity, velocity, etc., of a muscular contraction.
MYOGRAPHY,The description of muscles, including the study of muscularcontraction by
the aid of registering apparatus, as by some form ofmyograph; myology.
MYOHAEMATIN,A red-colored respiratory pigment found associated withhemoglobin in
the muscle tissue of a large number of animals, bothvertebrate and invertebrate.
MYOID,Composed of, or resembling, muscular fiber.
MYOLEMMA,Sarcolemma.
MYOLIN,The essential material of muscle fibers.
MYOLOGIST,One skilled in myology.
MYOLOGY,That part of anatomy which treats of muscles.
MYOMA,A tumor consisting of muscular tissue.
MYOMANCY,Divination by the movements of mice.
MYOMORPH,One of the Myomorpha.
MYOMORPHA,An extensive group of rodents which includes the rats, mice,jerboas, and
many allied forms.
MYOPATHIA,Any affection of the muscles or muscular system.
MYOPATHIC,Of or pertaining to myopathia.
MYOPATHY,Same as Myopathia.
MYOPE,A person having myopy; a myops.
MYOPHAN,A contractile striated layer found in the bodies and stems ofcertain
Infusoria.
MYOPIA,Nearsightedness; shortsightedness; a condition of the eye inwhich the rays
from distant object are brought to a focus before theyreach the retina, and hence
form an indistinct image; while the raysfrom very near objects are normally
converged so as to produce adistinct image. It is corrected by the use of a concave
lens.
MYOPIC,Pertaining to, or affected with, or characterized by, myopia;nearsighted.
Myopic astigmatism, a condition in which the eye isaffected with myopia in one
meridian only.
MYOPS,See Myope.
MYOPSIS,The appearance of muscæ volitantes. See Muscæ volitantes, underMusca.
MYOPY,Myopia.
MYOSIN,An albuminous body present in dead muscle, being formed in theprocess of
coagulation which takes place in rigor mortis; the clotformed in the coagulation of
muscle plasma. See Muscle plasma, underPlasma.
MYOSIS,Long-continued contraction of the pupil of the eye.
MYOSITIC,Myotic.
MYOSITIS,Inflammation of the muscles.
MYOSOTIS,A genus of plants. See Mouse-ear.
MYOTIC,Producing myosis, or contraction of the pupil of the eye, asopium, calabar
bean, etc.-- n.
MYOTOMIC,Of or pertaining to a myotome or myotomes.
MYOTOMY,The dissection, or that part of anatomy which treats of thedissection, of
muscles.
MYRCIA,A large genus of tropical American trees and shrubs, nearlyrelated to the
true myrtles (Myrtus), from which they differ inhaving very few seeds in each
berry.
MYRIA-,A prefix, esp. in the metric system, indicating ten thousand,ten thousand
times; as, myriameter.
MYRIACANTHOUS,Having numerous spines, as certain fishes.
MYRIAD,Consisting of a very great, but indefinite, number; as, myriadstars.
MYRIAPOD,One of the Myriapoda.
MYRIAPODA,A class, or subclass, of arthropods, related to the hexapodinsects, from
which they differ in having the body made up ofnumerous similar segments, nearly
all of which bear true jointedlegs. They have one pair of antennæ, three pairs of
mouth organs, andnumerous trachaæ, similar to those of true insects. The larvæ,
whenfirst hatched, often have but three pairs of legs. See Centiped,Galleyworm,
Milliped.
MYRIARCH,A captain or commander of ten thousand men.
MYRIARE,A measure of surface in the metric system containing tenthousand ares, or
one million square meters. It is equal to about247.1 acres.
MYRICA,A widely dispersed genus of shrubs and trees, usually witharomatic foliage.
It includes the bayberry or wax myrtle, the sweetgale, and the North American sweet
fern, so called.
MYRICIN,A silky, crystalline, waxy substance, forming the less solublepart of
beeswax, and regarded as a palmitate of a higher alcohol ofthe paraffin series; --
called also myricyl alcohol.
MYRICYL,A hypothetical radical regarded as the essential residue ofmyricin; --
called also melissyl.
MYRIOLOGICAL,Of or relating to a myriologue.
MYRIOLOGIST,One who composes or sings a myriologue.
MYRIOLOGUE,An extemporaneous funeral song, composed and sung by a woman onthe death
of a friend. [Modern Greece]
MYRIOPHYLLOUS,Having an indefinitely great or countless number of leaves.
MYRIOPODA,See Myriapoda.
MYRIORAMA,A picture made up of several smaller pictures, drawn uponseparate pieces
in such a manner as to admit of combination in manydifferent ways, thus producing a
great variety of scenes orlandscapes.
MYRIOSCOPE,A form of kaleidoscope.
MYRISTATE,A salt of myristic acid.
MYRISTIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, the nutmeg (Myristica).Specifically,
designating an acid found in nutmeg oil and otoba fat,and extracted as a white
crystalline waxy substance.
MYRISTIN,The myristate of glycerin, -- found as a vegetable fat innutmeg butter,
etc.
MYRISTONE,The ketone of myristic acid, obtained as a white crystallinesubstance.
MYRMECOPHYTE,A plant that affords shelter and food to certain species ofants which
live in symbiotic relations with it. Special adaptationsfor this purpose exist;
thus, Acacia spadicigera has large hollowsthorns, and species of Cecropia have stem
cavities. --Myr`me*co*phyt"ic (#), a.
MYRMICINE,Of or pertaining to Myrmica, a genus of ants including thesmall house ant
(M. molesta), and many others.
MYRMIDONIAN,Consisting of, or like, myrmidons. Pope.
MYRMOTHERINE,Feeding upon ants; -- said of certain birds.
MYRONIC,Pertaining to, or obtained from, mustard; -- used specificallyto designate
a glucoside called myronic acid, found in mustard seed.
MYROPOLIST,One who sells unguents or perfumery. [Obs.] Jonhson.
MYROSIN,A ferment, resembling diastase, found in mustard seeds.
MYROXYLON,A genus of leguminous trees of tropical America, the differentspecies of
which yield balsamic products, among which are balsam ofPeru, and balsam of Tolu.
The species were formerly referred toMyrospermum.
MYRRH,A gum resin, usually of a yellowish brown or amber color, of anaromatic odor,
and a bitter, slightly pungent taste. It is valued forits odor and for its
medicinal properties. It exuds from the bark ofa shrub of Abyssinia and Arabia, the
Balsamodendron Myrrha. The myrrhof the Bible is supposed to have been partly the
gum above named, andpartly the exudation of species of Cistus, or rockrose. False
myrrh.See the Note under Bdellium.
MYRRHIC,Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, myrrh.
MYRRHINE,Murrhine.
MYRTACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a large and important naturalorder of
trees and shrubs (Myrtaceæ), of which the myrtle is thetype. It includes the genera
Eucalyptus, Pimenta, Lechythis, andabout seventy more.
MYRTIFORM,Resembling myrtle or myrtle berries; having the form of amyrtle leaf.
MYRTLE,A species of the genus Myrtus, especially Myrtus communis. Thecommon myrtle
has a shrubby, upright stem, eight or ten feet high.Its branches form a close, full
head, thickly covered with ovate orlanceolate evergreen leaves. It has solitary
axillary white or rosyflowers, followed by black several-seeded berries. The
ancientsconsidered it sacred to Venus. The flowers, leaves, and berries areused
variously in perfumery and as a condiment, and the beautifullymottled wood is used
in turning.
MYSELF,I or me in person; -- used for emphasis, my own self or person;as I myself
will do it; I have done it myself; -- used also insteadof me, as the object of the
first person of a reflexive verb, withoutemphasis; as, I will defend myself.
MYSELVEN,Myself. [Obs.]
MYSIS,A genus of small schizopod shrimps found both in fresh and saltwater; the
opossum shrimps. One species inhabits the Great Lakes ofNorth America, and is
largely eaten by the whitefish. The marinespecies form part of the food of right
whales.
MYSTACAL,Of or pertaining to the upper lip, or mustache.
MYSTAGOGY,The doctrines, principles, or practice of a mystagogue;interpretation of
mysteries.
MYSTERIAL,Mysterious. [Obs.]
MYSTERIARCH,One presiding over mysteries. [Obs.]
MYSTERIOUS,Of or pertaining to mystery; containing a mystery; difficult
orimpossible to understand; obscure not revealed or explained;enigmatical;
incomprehensible.God at last To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied, Thought
inmysterious terms. Milton.
MYSTERIOUSLY,In a mysterious manner.
MYSTERIZE,To make mysterious; to make a mystery of.
MYSTERY,The consecrated elements in the eucharist.
MYSTIC,One given to mysticism; one who holds mystical views,interpretations, etc.;
especially, in ecclesiastical history, one whoprofessed mysticism. See Mysticism.
MYSTICETE,Any right whale, or whalebone whale. See Cetacea.
MYSTICISM,The doctrine of the Mystics, who professed a pure, sublime, andwholly
disinterested devotion, and maintained that they had directintercourse with the
divine Spirit, and aquired a knowledge of Godand of spiritual things unattainable
by the natural intellect, andsuch as can not be analyzed or explained.
MYSTIFICATION,The act of mystifying, or the state of being mystied; also,something
designed to, or that does, mystify.The reply of Pope seems very much as though he
had been playing off amystification on his Grace. De Quincey.
MYSTIFICATOR,One who mystifies.
MYTACISM,Too frequent use of the letter m, or of the sound representedby it.
MYTHE,See Myth. Grote.
MYTHOGRAPHER,A composer of fables.
MYTHOLOGER,A mythologist.
MYTHOLOGIAN,A mythologist.
MYTHOLOGIST,One versed in, or who writes on, mythology or myths.
MYTHOLOGIZER,One who, or that which, mythologizes.Imagination has always been, and
still is, in a narrower sense, thegreat mythologizer. Lowell.
MYTHOLOGUE,A fabulous narrative; a myth. [R.]May we not ... consider his history of
the fall as an excellentmythologue, to account for the origin of human evil Geddes.
MYTHOPLASM,A narration of mere fable.
MYTHOPOEIC,Making or producing myths; giving rise to mythical narratives.The
mythopoeic fertility of the Greeks. Grote.
MYTHOPOETIC,Making or producing myths or mythical tales.
MYTILOID,Like, or pertaining to, the genus Mytilus, or family Mytilidæ.
MYTILOTOXINE,A poisonous base (leucomaine) found in the common mussel. Iteither
causes paralysis of the muscles, or gives rise to convulsions,including death by an
accumulation of carbonic acid in the blood.
MYTILUS,A genus of marine bivalve shells, including the common mussel.See Illust.
under Byssus.
MYXA,The distal end of the mandibles of a bird.
MYXINE,A genus of marsipobranchs, including the hagfish. See Hag, 4.
MYXINOID,Like, or pertaining to, the genus Myxine.-- n.
MYXOCYSTODEA,A division of Infusoria including the Noctiluca. See Noctiluca.
MYXOEDEMA,A disease producing a peculiar cretinoid appearance of theface, slow
speech, and dullness of intellect, and due to failure ofthe functions of the
thyroid gland. -- Myx`o*dem"a*tous (#), a.,Myx`o*dem"ic (#), a.
MYXOMA,A tumor made up of a gelatinous tissue resembling that found inthe umbilical
cord.
MYXOMYCETES,A class of peculiar organisms, the slime molds, formerlyregarded as
animals (Mycetozoa), but now generally thought to beplants and often separated as a
distinct phylum (Myxophyta). They arefound on damp earth and decaying vegetable
matter, and consist ofnaked masses of protoplasm, often of considerable size, which
creepvery slowly over the surface and ingest solid food. --Myx`o*my*ce"tous (#),
a.
MYXOPHYTA,A phylum of the vegetable kingdom consisting of the classMyxomycetes. By
some botanists it is not separated from theThallophyta.
MYXOPOD,A rhizopod or moneran. Also used adjectively; as, a myxopodstate.
MYZONTES,The Marsipobranchiata.
MYZOSTOMATA,An order of curious parasitic worms found on crinoids. The bodyis short
and disklike, with four pairs of suckers and five pairs ofhook-bearing parapodia on
the under side.
N,N, the fourteenth letter of English alphabet, is a vocalconsonent, and, in
allusion to its mode of formation, is called thedentinasal or linguanasal
consonent. Its commoner sound is that heardin ran, done; but when immediately
followed in the same word by thesound of g hard or k (as in single, sink, conquer),
it usuallyrepresents the same sound as the digraph ng in sing, bring, etc. Thisis a
simple but related sound, and is called the gutturo-nasalconsonent. See Guide to
Pronunciation, §§ 243-246. The letter N cameinto English through the Latin and
Greek from the Phoenician, whichprobably derived it from the Egyptian as the
ultimate origin. It isetymologically most closely related to M. See M.
NA,No, not. See No. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NAB,The cock of a gunlock. Knight.
NABIT,Pulverized sugar candy. Crabb.
NABK,The edible berries of the Zizyphys Lotus, a tree of NorthernAfrica, and
Southwestern Europe. [Written also nubk.] See Lotus (b),and Sadr.
NACKER,See Nacre. Johnson.
NACRE,A pearly substance which lines the interior of many shells, andis most
perfect in the mother-of-pearl. [Written also nacker andnaker.] See Pearl, and
Mother-of-pearl.
NACREOUS,Consisting of, or resembling, nacre; pearly.
NADDER,An adder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NAENIA,See Nenia.
NAEVE,A nævus. [Obs.] Dryden.
NAEVOID,Resembling a nævus or nævi; as, nævoid elephantiasis.Dunglison.
NAEVOSE,Spotted; frecled.
NAEVUS,A spot or mark on the skin of children when born; a birthmark;-- usually
applied to vascular tumors, i. e., those consisting mainlyof blood vessels, as
dilated arteries, veins, or capillaries.
NAG,To tease in a petty way; to scold habitually; to annoy; to fretpertinaciously.
[Colloq.] "She never nagged." J. Ingelow.
NAGANA,The disease caused by the tsetse fly. [South Africa]
NAGGING,Fault-finding; teasing; persistently annoying; as, a naggingtoothache.
[Colloq.]
NAGGY,Irritable; touchy. [Colloq.]
NAGOR,A West African gazelle (Gazella redunca).
NAGYAGITE,A mineral of blackish lead-gray color and metallic luster,generally of a
foliated massive structure; foliated tellurium. It isa telluride of lead and gold.
NAIAD,A water nymph; one of the lower female divinities, fabled topreside over some
body of fresh water, as a lake, river, brook, orfountain.
NAIANT,(Her.) See Natant. Crabb.
NAID,Any one of numerous species of small, fresh-water, chætopodannelids of the
tribe Naidina. They belong to the Oligochæta.
NAIK,A chief; a leader; a Sepoy corporal. Balfour (Cyc. of India).
NAIL,the horny scale of plate of epidermis at the end of the fingersand toes of man
and many apes.His nayles like a briddes claws were. Chaucer.
NAIL-HEADED,Having a head like that of a nail; formed so as to resemble thehead of
a nail. Nail-headed characters, arrowheaded or cuneiformcharacters. See under
Arrowheaded.-- Nail-headed molding (Arch.), an ornament consisting of a seriesof
low four-sided pyramids resembling the heads of large nails; --called also nail-
head molding, or nail-head. It is the same as thesimplest form of dogtooth. See
Dogtooth.
NAILBRUSH,A brush for cleaning the nails.
NAILERESS,A women who makes nailes.
NAILERY,A manufactory where nails are made.
NAILLESS,Without nails; having no nails.
NAINSOOK,A thick sort of jaconet muslin, plain or striped, formerly madein India.
NAIS,See Naiad.
NAISSANT,Same as Jessant.
NAIVE,Having native or unaffected simplicity; ingenuous; artless;frank; as, naïve
manners; a naïve person; naïve and unsophisticatedremarks.
NAIVELY,In a naïve manner.
NAIVETE,Native simplicity; unaffected plainness or ingenuousness;artlessness.A
story which pleases me by its naïveté -- that is, by itsunconscious ingenuousness.
De Quincey.
NAIVETY,, n. Naïveté. Carlyle.
NAKE,,v.t. To make naked. [Obs.] Chaucer.Come, be ready, nake your swords. Old
Play.
NAKED,Without pubescence; as, a naked leaf or stem; bare, or notcovered by the
customary parts, as a flower without a perianth, astem without leaves, seeds
without a pericarp, buds without budscales.
NAKEDLY,In a naked manner; without covering or disguise; manifestly;simply; barely.
NAKEDNESS,The privy parts; the genitals.Ham ... saw the nakedness of his father.
Gen. ix. 22.
NAKER,Same as Nacre.
NAKOO,The gavial. [Written also nako.]
NALE,Ale; also, an alehouse. [Obs.]Great feasts at the nale. Chaucer.
NALL,An awl. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Tusser.
NAM,Am not. [Obs.]
NAMABLE,Capable of being named.
NAMATION,A distraining or levying of a distress; an impounding. Burrill.
NAMAYCUSH,A large North American lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). It isusually
spotted with red, and sometimes weighs over forty pounds.Called also Mackinaw
trout, lake trout, lake salmon, salmon trout,togue, and tuladi.
NAMBY-PAMBY,Talk or writing which is weakly sentimental or affectedlypretty.
Macaulay.
NAME,To designate (a member) by name, as the Speaker does by way ofreprimand.
NAMELESSLY,In a nameless manner.
NAMER,One who names, or calls by name.
NAMESAKE,One that has the same name as another; especially, one calledafter, or
named out of regard to, another.
NAMO,No more. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NAN,Anan. [Prov. Eng.]
NANDINE,An African carnivore (Nandinia binotata), allied to the civets.It is
spotted with black.
NANISM,The condition of being abnormally small in stature;dwarfishness; -- opposed
to gigantism.
NANKEEN,Trousers made of nankeen. Ld. Lytton. Nankeen bird (Zoöl.), theAustralian
night heron (Nycticorax Caledonicus); -- called alsoquaker.
NANNY,A diminutive of Ann or Anne, the proper name. Nanny goat, afemale goat.
[Colloq.]
NANNYBERRY,See Sheepberry.
NANPIE,The magpie.
NAOS,A term used by modern archæologists instead of cella. SeeCella.
NAP,A short sleep; a doze; a siesta. Cowper.
NAP-TAKING,A taking by surprise; an unexpected onset or attack. Carew.
NAPE,The back part of the neck. Spenser.
NAPE-CREST,An African bird of the genus Schizorhis, related to theplantain eaters.
NAPERY,Table linen; also, linen clothing, or linen in general. [Obs.]Gayton.
NAPHA WATER,A perfume distilled from orange flowers.
NAPHEW,See Navew.
NAPHTHA,The complex mixture of volatile, liquid, inflammablehydrocarbons, occurring
naturally, and usually called crudepetroleum, mineral oil, or rock oil.
Specifically: That portion ofthe distillate obtained in the refinement of petroleum
which isintermediate between the lighter gasoline and the heavier benzine,and has a
specific gravity of about 0.7, -- used as a solvent forvarnishes, as a carburetant,
illuminant, etc.
NAPHTHALATE,A salt of naphthalic acid; a phthalate. [Obs.]
NAPHTHALENE,A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous tobenzene,
and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminousmaterials, such as the heavy
oil of coal tar. It is the type andbasis of a large number of derivatives among
organic compounds.Formerly called also naphthaline. Naphthalene red (Chem.), a
dyestuffobtained from certain diazo derivatives of naphthylamine, and calledalso
magdala red.-- Naphthalene yellow (Chem.), a yellow dyestuff obtained fromcertain
nitro derivatives of naphthol.
NAPHTHALENIC,Pertaining to , or derived from, naphthalene; -- usedspecifically to
designate a yellow crystalline substance, callednaphthalenic acid and also hydroxy
quinone, and obtained from certainderivatives of naphthol.
NAPHTHALIDINE,Same as Naphthylamine.
NAPHTHALIZE,To mingle, saturate, or impregnate, with naphtha.
NAPHTHAZARIN,A dyestuff, resembling alizarin, obtained from naphthoquinoneas a red
crystalline substance with a bright green, metallic luster;-- called also
naphthalizarin.
NAPHTHENE,A peculiar hydrocarbon occuring as an ingredient of Caucasianpetroleum.
NAPHTHIDE,A compound of naphthalene or its radical with a metallicelement; as,
mercuric naphthide.
NAPHTHOIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; --used
specifically to designate any one of a series of carboxylderivatives, called
naphthoic acids.
NAPHTHOL,Any one of a series of hydroxyl derivatives of naphthalene,analogous to
phenol. In general they are crystalline substances witha phenol (carbolic) odor.
Naphthol blue, Naphthol orange, Naphtholyellow (Chem.), brilliant dyestuffs
produced from certain complexnitrogenous derivatives of naphthol or naphthoquinone.
NAPHTHOQUINONE,A yellow crystalline substance, C10H6O2, analogous to
quinone,obtained by oxidizing naphthalene with chromic acid.
NAPHTHYL,A hydrocarbon radical regarded as the essential residue ofnaphthalene.
NAPHTHYLAMINE,One of two basic amido derivatives of naphthalene, C10H7.NH2,forming
crystalline solids.
NAPIFORM,Turnip-shaped; large and round in the upper part, and veryslender below.
NAPLES YELLOW,See under Yellow.
NAPLESS,Without nap; threadbare. Shak.
NAPOLEON,A French gold coin of twenty francs, or about $3.86.
NAPOLEONIC,Of or pertaining to Napoleon I., or his family; resembling, orhaving the
qualities of, Napoleon I. Lowell.
NAPOLEONIST,A supporter of the dynasty of the Napoleons.
NAPPE,Sheet; surface; all that portion of a surface that iscontinuous in such a way
that it is possible to pass from any onepoint of the portion to any other point of
the portion withoutleaving the surface. Thus, some hyperboloids have one nappe, and
somehave two.
NAPPINESS,The quality of having a nap; abundance of nap, as on cloth.
NAPPING,A sheet of partially felted fur before it is united to the hatbody. Knight.
NAPPY,Having a nap or pile; downy; shaggy. Holland.
NAPU,A very small chevrotain (Tragulus Javanicus), native of Java.It is about the
size of a hare, and is noted for its agility inleaping. Called also Java musk deer,
pygmy musk deer, and deerlet.
NAPUS,A kind of turnip. See Navew.
NARCEINE,An alkaloid found in small quantities in opium, and extractedas a white
crystalline substance of a bitter astringent taste. It isa narcotic. Called also
narceia.
NARCISSINE,Of or pertaining to Narcissus.
NARCISSUS,A genus of endogenous bulbous plants with handsome flowers,having a cup-
shaped crown within the six-lobed perianth, andcomprising the daffodils and
jonquils of several kinds.
NARCOSIS,Privation of sense or consciousness, due to a narcotic.
NARCOTIC,Having the properties of a narcotic; operating as a narcotic.--
Nar*cot"ic*ness, n.
NARCOTICAL,Narcotic.-- Nar*cot"ic*al*ly, adv.
NARCOTINE,An alkaloid found in opium, and extracted as a whitecrystalline
substance, tasteless and less poisonous than morphine; --called also narcotia.
NARCOTINIC,Pertaining to narcotine.
NARCOTISM,Narcosis; the state of being narcotized. G. Eliot.
NARCOTIZE,To imbue with, or subject to the influence of, a narcotic; toput into a
state of narcosis.
NARD,An East Indian plant (Nardostachys Jatamansi) of the Valerianfamily, used from
remote ages in Oriental perfumery.
NARDINE,Of or pertaining to nard; having the qualities of nard.
NARDOO,An Australian name for Marsilea Drummondii, a four-leavedcryptogamous plant,
sometimes used for food.
NARE,A nostril. [R.] B. Jonson.
NARES,The nostrils or nasal openings, -- the anterior nares being theexternal or
proper nostrils, and the posterior nares, the openings ofthe nasal cavities into
the mouth or pharynx.
NARICA,The brown coati. See Coati.
NARIFORM,Formed like the nose.
NARINE,Of or belonging to the nostrils.
NARRABLE,Capable of being narrated or told. [Obs.]
NARRAGANSETTS,A tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited the shores ofNarragansett
Bay.
NARRATE,To tell, rehearse, or recite, as a story; to relate theparticulars of; to
go through with in detail, as an incident ortransaction; to give an account of.
NARRATION,That part of a discourse which recites the time, manner, orconsequences
of an action, or simply states the facts connected withthe subject.
NARRATIVE,That which is narrated; the recital of a story; a continuousaccount of
the particulars of an event or transaction; a story.Cyntio was much taken with my
narrative. Tatler.
NARRATIVELY,In the style of narration.
NARRATOR,One who narrates; one who relates a series of events ortransactions.
NARRATORY,Giving an account of events; narrative; as, narratory letters.Howell.
NARRE,Nearer. [Obs.] Spenser.
NARROW,Formed (as a vowel) by a close position of some part of thetongue in
relation to the palate; or (according to Bell) by a tensecondition of the pharynx;
-- distinguished from wide; as e (eve) andoo (food), etc., from ì (ìll) and oo
(foot), etc. See Guide toPronunciation, § 13.
NARROW-MINDED,Of narrow mental scope; illiberal; mean.-- Nar"row-mind`ed*ness, n.
NARROWER,One who, or that which, narrows or contracts. Hannah More.
NARROWNESS,The condition or quality of being narrow.
NART,Art not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NARTHEX,A tall umbelliferous plant (Ferula communis). See Giant fennel,under
Fennel.
NARWAL,See Narwhal.
NARWE,Narrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NARWHAL,An arctic cetacean (Monodon monocerous), about twenty feetlong. The male
usually has one long, twisted, pointed canine tooth,or tusk projecting forward from
the upper jaw like a horn, whence itis called also sea unicorn, unicorn fish, and
unicorn whale.Sometimes two horns are developed, side by side.
NAS,Was not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NASAL,Of or pertaining to the nose.
NASALITY,The quality or state of being nasal.
NASALIZATION,The act of nasalizing, or the state of being nasalized.
NASALIZE,To render nasal, as sound; to insert a nasal or sound in.
NASALLY,In a nasal manner; by the nose.
NASCAL,A kind of pessary of medicated wool or cotton, formerly used.
NASCENCY,State of being nascent; birth; beginning; origin.
NASCENT,Evolving; being evolved or produced. Nascent state (Chem.), thesupposed
instantaneous or momentary state of an uncombined atom orradical just separated
from one compound acid, and not yet unitedwith another, -- a hypothetical condition
implying peculiarly activechemical properties; as, hydrogen in the nascent state is
a strongreducer.
NASEBERRY,A tropical fruit. See Sapodilla. [Written also nisberry.]
NASH,Firm; stiff; hard; also, chilly. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
NASICORNOUS,Bearing a horn, or horns, on the nose, as the rhinoceros.
NASIFORM,Having the shape of a nose.
NASION,The middle point of the nasofrontal suture.
NASO-,A combining form denoting pertaining to, or connected with, thenose; as,
nasofrontal.
NASOBUCCAL,Connected with both the nose and the mouth; as, the nasobuccalgroove in
the skate.
NASOFRONTAL,of or pertaining to the nose and the front of the head; as,
theembryonic nasofrontal process which forms the anterior boundary ofthe mouth.
NASOLACHRYMAL,Connected with the lachrymal apparatus and the nose; as,
thenasolachrymal, or lachrymal duct.
NASOPHARYNGEAL,Of or pertaining to both throat and nose; as, a
nasopharyngealpolypus.
NASOSEPTAL,Of or pertaining to the internasal septum.
NASOTURBINAL,Connected with, or near, both the turbinal and the nasal bones;as, the
nasalturbinal bone, made up of the uppermost lammelæ of theethmoturbinal, and
sometimes united with the nasal.-- n.
NASSA,Any species of marine gastropods, of the genera Nassa, Tritia,and other
allied genera of the family Nassidæ; a dog whelk. SeeIllust. under Gastropoda.--
nas"soid, a.
NASTILY,In a nasty manner.
NASTINESS,The quality or state of being nasty; extreme filthness;dirtiness; also,
indecency; obscenity.The nastiness of Plautus and Aristophanes. Dryden.
NASTURTION,Same as Nasturtium.
NASTURTIUM,A genus of cruciferous plants, having white or yellowishflowers,
including several species of cress. They are found chieflyin wet or damp grounds,
and have a pungent biting taste.
NASUTNESS,Quickness of scent; hence, nice discernment; acuteness. [Obs.]Dr. H.
More.
NAT,Not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NATAL BOIL,= Aleppo boil.
NATAL PLUM,The drupaceous fruit of two South African shrubs of the genusArduina (A.
bispinosa and A. grandiflora).
NATAL,Presiding over nativity; as, natal Jove.
NATALOIN,A bitter crystalline substance constituting the essentialprinciple of
Natal aloes. Cf. Aloon.
NATALS,One's birth, or the circumstances attending it. [Obs.] Fitz-Geffry.
NATANT,Floating in water, as the leaves of water lilies, or submersed,as those of
many aquatic plants.
NATANTLY,In a floating manner; swimmingly.
NATATION,The act of floating on the water; swimming. Sir T. Browne.
NATATORES,The swimming birds.
NATATORIAL,Inclined or adapted to swim; swimming; as, natatorial birds.
NATATORIOUS,Adapted for swimming; -- said of the legs of certain insects.
NATATORIUM,A swimming bath.
NATATORY,Adapted for swimming or floating; as, natatory organs.
NATCH,The rump of beef; esp., the lower and back part of the rump.Natch bone, the
edgebone, or aitchbone, in beef.
NATCHEZ,A tribe of Indians who formerly lived near the site of the cityof Natchez,
Mississippi. In 1729 they were subdued by the French; thesurvivors joined the Creek
Confederacy.
NATCHNEE,An annual grass (Eleusine coracona), cultivated in India as afood plant.
NATES,The umbones of a bivalve shell.
NATH,hath not. [Obs.]
NATHLESS,Nevertheless. [Archaic] Chaucer. Milton. E. Arnold.
NATHMORE,Not the more; never the more. [Obs.] penser.
NATICA,Any one of numerous species of marine gastropods belonging toNatica,
Lunatia, Neverita, and other allied genera (family Naticidæ.)They burrow beneath
the sand, or mud, and drill other shells.
NATICOID,Like or belonging to Natica, or the family Naticæ.
NATION,A part, or division, of the people of the earth, distinguishedfrom the rest
by common descent, language, or institutions; a race; astock.All nations, and
kindreds, and people, and tongues. Rev. vii. 9.
NATIONALIST,One who advocates national unity and independence; one of aparty
favoring Irish independence.
NATIONALIZATION,The act of nationalizing, or the state of being nationalized.
NATIONALIZE,To make national; to make a nation of; to endow with thecharacter and
habits of a nation, or the peculiar sentiments andattachment of citizens of a
nation.
NATIONALLY,In a national manner or way; as a nation. "The jews ... beingnationally
espoused to God by covenant." South.
NATIONALNESS,The quality or state of being national; nationality. Johnson.
NATIONALRATH,See Legislature.
NATIVE STEEL,A sort of steel which has been found where a burning coal seamhad
reduced and carbonized adjacent iron ore.
NATIVE,Any of the live stock found in a region, as distinguished fromsuch as belong
to pure and distinct imported breeds. [U.S.]
NATIVELY,By natural or original condition; naturally; originally.
NATIVENESS,The quality or state of being native.
NATIVISM,The doctrine of innate ideas, or that the mind possesses formsof thought
independent of sensation.
NATIVIST,An advocate of nativism.
NATIVISTIC,Relating to nativism.
NATIVITY,A picture representing or symbolizing the early infancy ofChrist. The
simplest form is the babe in a rude cradle, and the headsof an ox and an ass to
express the stable in which he was born.
NATKA,A species of shrike.
NATRIUM,The technical name for sodium.
NATROLITE,A zeolite occuring in groups of glassy acicular crystals, andin masses
which often have a radiated structure. It is a hydroussilicate of alumina and soda.
NATRON,Native sodium carbonate. [Written also anatron.]
NATTER,To find fault; to be peevish. [Prov. Eng. or Scot.]
NATTERJACK,A European toad (Bufo calamita), having a yellow line along itsback.
NATTY,Neat; tidy; spruce. [Colloq.] -- Nat"ti*ly, adv.-- Nat"ti*ness, n.
NATURAL STEEL,Steel made by the direct refining of cast iron in a finery, or,as
wootz, by a direct process from the ore.
NATURAL,Belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some system, inwhich the base
is 1; -- said or certain functions or numbers; as,natural numbers, those commencing
at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc.,those taken in arcs whose radii are 1.
NATURALISM,The doctrine of those who deny a supernatural agency in themiracles and
revelations recorded in the Bible, and in spiritualinfluences; also, any system of
philosophy which refers the phenomenaof nature to a blind force or forces acting
necessarily or accordingto fixed laws, excluding origination or direction by one
intelligentwill.
NATURALITY,Nature; naturalness. [R.]
NATURALIZATION,The act or process of naturalizing, esp. of investing an alienwith
the rights and privileges of a native or citizen; also, thestate of being
naturalized.
NATURALLY,In a natural manner or way; according to the usual course ofthings;
spontaneously.
NATURALNESS,The state or quality of being natural; conformity to nature.
NATURE,To endow with natural qualities. [Obs.]He [God] which natureth every kind.
Gower.
NATURED,Having (such) a nature, temper, or disposition; disposed; --used in
composition; as, good-natured, ill-natured, etc.
NATURELESS,Not in accordance with nature; unnatural. [Obs.] Milton.
NATURISM,The belief or doctrine that attributes everything to nature asa sanative
agent.
NATURIST,One who believes in, or conforms to, the theory of naturism.Boyle.
NATURITY,The quality or state of being produced by nature. [Obs.] Sir T.Browne.
NATURIZE,To endow with a nature or qualities; to refer to nature. [Obs.]B. Jonson.
NAUFRAGE,Shipwreck; ruin. [Obs.] acon.
NAUFRAGOUS,causing shipwreck. [Obs.] r. Taylor.
NAUGHT,In no degree; not at all. Chaucer.To wealth or sovereign power he naught
applied. Fairfax.
NAUGHTILY,In a naughty manner; wickedly; perversely. Shak.
NAUGHTINESS,The quality or state of being naughty; perverseness;
badness;wickedness.I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart. 1 Sam.
xvii.28.
NAUGHTLY,Naughtily; wrongly. [Obs.]because my parents naughtly brought me up. Mir.
for Mag.
NAUGHTY,Orig., a method of therapeutic treatment administered, esp. forchronic
diseases of the curculatory system, at Bad Nauheim, Germany,by G. Schott,
consisting in baths in the natural mineral waters ofthat place, which are charged
with carbonic acid, and the use of agraduated course of rest, physical exercises,
massage, etc.; hence,any similar treatment using waters artificially charged with
theessential ingredients of the natural mineral waters of Bad Nauheim.Hence,
Nauheim bath, etc.
NAUMACHY,A show or spectacle representing a sea fight; also, a place forsuch
exhibitions.
NAUPLIUS,A crustacean larva having three pairs of locomotive organs(corresponding
to the antennules, antennæ, and mandibles), a medianeye, and little or no
segmentation of the body.
NAUROPOMETER,An instrument for measuring the amount which a ship heels atsea.
NAUSCOPY,The power or act of discovering ships or land at considerabledistances.
NAUSEA,Seasickness; hence, any similar sickness of the stomachaccompanied with a
propensity to vomit; qualm; squeamishness of thestomach; loathing.
NAUSEANT,A substance which produces nausea.
NAUSEATE,To become squeamish; to feel nausea; to turn away with disgust.
NAUSEATION,The act of nauseating, or the state of being nauseated.
NAUSEATIVE,Causing nausea; nauseous.
NAUSEOUS,Causing, or fitted to cause, nausea; sickening; loathsome;disgusting;
exciting abhorrence; as, a nauseous drug or medicine.-- Nau"seous*ly, adv.--
Nau"seous*ness, n.The nauseousness of such company disgusts a reasonable man.
Dryden.
NAUTCH,An entertainment consisting chiefly of dancing by professionaldancing (or
Nautch) girls. [India]
NAUTIC,Nautical.
NAUTICAL,Of or pertaining to seamen, to the art of navigation, or toships; as,
nautical skill.
NAUTICALLY,In a nautical manner; with reference to nautical affais.
NAUTIFORM,Shaped like the hull of a ship.
NAUTILITE,A fossil nautilus.
NAUTILOID,Like or pertaining to the nautilus; shaped like a nautilusshell.-- n.
NAUTILUS,The only existing genus of tetrabranchiate cephalopods. Aboutfour species
are found living in the tropical Pacific, but many otherspecies are found fossil.
The shell is spiral, symmetrical, andchambered, or divided into several cavities by
simple curvedpartitions, which are traversed and connected together by acontinuous
and nearly central tube or siphuncle. See Tetrabranchiata.
NAVAJOES,A tribe of Indians inhabiting New Mexico and Arizona, allied tothe
Apaches. They are now largely engaged in agriculture.
NAVAL,Having to do with shipping; of or pertaining to ships or anavy; consisting of
ships; as, naval forces, successes, stores, etc.
NAVALS,Naval affairs. [Obs.]
NAVARCH,The commander of a fleet. Mitford.
NAVARCHY,Nautical skill or experience. [Obs.] ir W. Petty.
NAVARRESE,Of or pertaining to Navarre.-- n. sing. & pl.
NAVE,The middle or body of a church, extending from the transepts tothe principal
entrances, or, if there are no transepts, from thechoir to the principal entrance,
but not including the aisles.
NAVEL ORANGE,A type of orange in which the fruit incloses a small secondaryfruit,
the rind showing on the exterior a navel-like pit ordepression at the apex. There
are several varieties; they are usuallyseedless, or nearly so, and are much grown
in California.
NAVEL,A mark or depression in the middle of the abdomen; theumbilicus. See
Umbilicus.belly button in humans
NAVEL-STRING,The umbilical cord.
NAVELWORT,A European perennial succulent herb (Cotyledon umbilicus),having round,
peltate leaves with a central depression; -- alsocalled pennywort, and kidneywort.
NAVEW,A kind of small turnip, a variety of Brassica campestris. SeeBrassica.
[Writen also naphew.]
NAVICULAR,The navicular bone.
NAVIGABILITY,The quality or condition of being navigable; navigableness.
NAVIGABLE,Capable of being navigated; deep enough and wide enough toafford passage
to vessels; as, a navigable river.
NAVIGATE,To joirney by water; to go in a vessel or ship; to perform theduties of a
navigator; to use the waters as a highway or channel forcommerce or communication;
to sail.The Phenicians navigated to the extremities of the Western Ocean.Arbuthnot.
NAVIGATOR,One who navigates or sails; esp., one who direct the course ofa ship, or
one who is skillful in the art of navigation; also, a bookwhich teaches the art of
navigation; as, Bowditch's Navigator.
NAVIGEROUS,Bearing ships; capable of floating vessels. [R.] Blount.
NAVVY,Originally, a laborer on canals for internal navigation; hence,a laborer on
other public works, as in building railroads,embankments, etc. [Eng.]
NAVY BLUE,Prussian blue.
NAWAB,A deputy ruler or viceroy in India; also, a title given bycourtesy to other
persons of high rank in the East.
NAWL,An awl. [Obs.] usser.
NAY,To refuse. [Obs.] Holinshed.
NAYAUR,A specied of wild sheep (Ovis Hodgsonii), native of Nepaul andThibet. It has
a dorsal mane and a white ruff beneath the neck.
NAYT,To refuse; to deny. [Obs.] "He shall not nayt ne deny his sin."Chaucer.
NAYWARD,The negative side. [R.]Howe'er you lean to the nayward. Shak.
NAYWORD,A byword; a proverb; also, a watchword. [Obs.] hak.
NAZARENE,One of a sect of Judaizing Christians in the first and secondcenturies,
who observed the laws of Moses, and held to certainheresies.
NAZARITE,A Jew bound by a vow to lave the hair uncut, to abstain fromwine and
strong drink, and to practice extraordinary purity of lifeand devotion, the
obligation being for life, or for a certain time.The word is also used adjectively.
NAZARITESHIP,The state of a Nazarite.
NAZARITIC,Of or pertaining to a Nazarite, or to Nazarites.
NAZARITISM,The vow and practice of a Nazarite.
NAZE,A promotory or headland.
NAZIRITE,A Nazarite.
NE EXEAT,A writ to restrain a person from leaving the country, or thejurisdiction
of the court. The writ was originally applicable topurposes of state, but is now an
ordinary process of courts ofequity, resorted to for the purpose of obtaining bail,
or security toabide a decree. Kent.
NE TEMERE,A decree of the Congregation of the Council declaring invalid[so far as
the laws of the Roman Catholic Church are concerned] anymarriage of a Roman
Catholic, or of a person who has ever been aRoman Catholic, if not contracted
before a duty qualified priest (orthe bishop of the diocese) and at least two
witnesses. The decree wasissued Aug. 2, 1907, and took effect on Easter Apr. 19,
1908. Thedecree by its terms does not affect mixed marriages (those betweenRoman
Catholics and persons of another faith) in Germany.
NE,Not; never. [Obs.]He never yet no villany ne said. Chaucer.
NEAF,See 2d Neif. Shak.
NEAL,To anneal. [R.] Chaucer.
NEANDERTHALOID,Like, or pertaining to, the Neanderthal skull, or the type ofman it
represents.
NEAP,The tongue or pole of a cart or other vehicle drawn by twoanimals. [U.S.]
NEAPED,Left aground on the height of a spring tide, so that it willnot float till
the next spring tide; -- called also beneaped.
NEAPOLITAN,Of of pertaining to Maples in Italy.-- n.
NEAR BEER,Any of various malt liquors (see Citation).
NEAR,Adjacent to; close by; not far from; nigh; as, the ship sailednear the land.
See the Note under near, a.
NEAR-LEGGED,Having the feet so near together that they interfere intraveling. Shak.
NEARCTIC,Of or pertaining to a region of the earth's surface includingall of
temperate and arctic North America and Greenland. In thegeographical distribution
of animals, this region is marked off asthe habitat certain species.
NEARHAND,Near; near at hand; closely. [Obs. or Scot.] Bacon.
NEARLY,In a near manner; not remotely; closely; intimately; almost.
NEARNESS,The state or quality of being near; -- used in the varioussenses of the
adjective.
NEAT,Cattle of the genus Bos, as distinguished from horses, sheep,and goats; an
animal of the genus Bos; as, a neat's tongue; a neat'sfoot. Chaucer.Wherein the
herds[men] were keeping of their neat. Spenser.The steer, the heifer, and the calf
Are all called neat. Shak.A neat and a sheep of his own. Tusser.Neat's-foot, an oil
obtained by boiling the feet of neat cattle. Itis used to render leather soft and
pliable.
NEATHERD,A person who has the care of neat cattle; a cowherd. Dryden.
NEATHOUSE,A building for the shelter of neat cattle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]Massinger.
NEATIFY,To make neat. [Obs.] olland.
NEATLY,In a neat manner; tidily; tastefully.
NEATNESS,The state or quality of being neat.
NEATRESS,A woman who takes care of cattle. [R.] Warner.
NEB,The nose; the snout; the mouth; the beak of a bird; a nib, asof a pen. [Also
written nib.] Shak.
NEB-NEB,Same as Bablh.
NEBALIA,A genus of small marine Crustacea, considered the type of adistinct order
(Nebaloidea, or Phyllocarida.)
NEBULA,A faint, cloudlike, self-luminous mass of matter situatedbeyond the solar
system among the stars. True nebulæ are gaseous; butvery distant star clusters
often appear like them in the telescope.
NEBULAR,Of or pertaining to nebulæ; of the nature of, or resembling, anebula.
Nebular hypothesis, an hypothesis to explain the process offormation of the stars
and planets, presented in various forms byKant, Herschel, Laplace, and others. As
formed by Laplace, itsupposed the matter of the solar system to have existed
originally inthe form of a vast, diffused, revolving nebula, which,
graduallycooling and contracting, threw off, in obedience to mechanical andphysical
laws, succesive rings of matter, from which subsequently, bythe same laws, were
produced the several planets, satellites, andother bodies of the system. The phrase
may indicate any hypothesisaccording to which the stars or the bodies of the solar
system havebeen evolved from a widely diffused nebulous form of matter.
NEBULATED,Clouded with indistinct color markings, as an animal.
NEBULATION,The condition of being nebulated; also, a clouded, or ill-defined, color
mark.
NEBULE,A little cloud; a cloud. [Obs.]O light without nebule. Old Ballad.
NEBULIZATION,The act or process of nebulizing; atomization.
NEBULIZE,To reduce (as a liquid) to a fine spray or vapor; to atomize.
NEBULIZER,An atomizer.
NEBULOSE,Nebulous; cloudy. Derham.
NEBULOUS,Of, pertaining to, or having the appearance of, a nebula;nebular;
cloudlike.-- Neb"u*lous*ly, adv.-- Neb"u*lous*ness, n.
NEBULY,A line or a direction composed of successive short curves orwaves supposed
to resembe a cloud. See NÉbulÉ
NECESSARIAN,An advocate of the doctrine of philosophical necessity; anacessitarian.
NECESSARIANISM,The doctrine of philosophical necessity; necessitarianism.Hixley.
NECESSARILY,In a necessary manner; by necessity; unavoidably;indispensably.
NECESSARINESS,The quality of being necessary.
NECESSARY,Such things, in respect to infants, lunatics, and marriedwomen, as are
requisite for support suitable to station.
NECESSITARIAN,Of or pertaining to the doctrine of philosophical necessity inregard
to the origin and existence of things, especially as appliedto the actings or
choices of the will; -- opposed to libertarian.
NECESSITARIANISM,The doctrine of philosophical necessity; the doctrine thatresults
follow by invariable sequence from causes, and esp. that thewill is not free, but
that human actions and choices resultinevitably from motives; deteminism. M.
Arnold.
NECESSITATTION,The act of making necessary, or the state of being madenecessary;
compulsion. [R.] bp. Bramhall.
NECESSITIED,In a state of want; necessitous. [Obs.] Shak.
NECESSITY,The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection ofall
phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitablecausation; necessitarianism.
Of necessity, by necessary consequence;by compulsion, or irresistible power;
perforce.
NECK,A reduction in size near the end of an object, formed by agroove around it;
as, a neck forming the journal of a shaft.
NECKAR NUT,See Nicker nut.
NECKBAND,A band which goes around the neck; often, the part at the topof a garment.
NECKCLOTH,A piece of any fabric worn around the neck.
NECKED,Cracked; -- said of a treenail.
NECKERCHIEF,A kerchief for the neck; -- called also neck handkerchief.
NECKING,Same as Neckmold.
NECKLACE,A rope or chain fitted around the masthead to hold hangingblocks for jibs
and stays.
NECKLACED,Wearing a necklace; marked as with a necklace.The hooded and the
necklaced snake. Sir W. Jones.
NECKLAND,A neck of land. [Obs.]
NECKLET,A necklace. E. Anold.
NECKPLATE,See Gorget, 1 and 2.
NECKTIE,A scarf, band, or kerchief of silk, etc., passing around theneck or collar
and tied in front; a bow of silk, etc., fastened infront of the neck.
NECKWEAR,A collective term for cravats, collars, etc. [Colloq. or tradename]
NECROBIOSIS,The death of a part by molecular disintegration and withoutloss of
continuity, as in the processes of degeneration and atrophy.Virchow.
NECROBIOTIC,Of or pertaining to necrobiosis; as, a necrobioticmetamorphosis.
NECROLATRY,The worship of the dead; manes worship. H. Spenser.
NECROLITE,Same as Necronite.
NECROLOGIST,One who gives an account of deaths.
NECROLOGY,An account of deaths, or of the dead; a register of deaths; acollection
of obituary notices.
NECROMANCER,One who practices necromancy; a sorcerer; a wizard.
NECROMANCY,The art of revealing future events by means of a pretendedcommunication
with the dead; the black art; hence, magic in general;conjuration; enchantment. See
Black art.This palace standeth in the air, By necromancy placèd there. Drayton.
NECROMANTIC,Conjuration. [R.]With all the necromantics of their art. Young.
NECRONITE,Fetid feldspar, a mineral which, when struck, exhales a fetidodor.
NECROPHAGAN,Eating carrion.-- n. (Zoöl.)
NECROPHAGOUS,Of or pertaining to the Necrophaga; eating carrion. SeeNecrophagan.
NECROPHOBIA,An exaggerated fear of death or horror of dead bodies.
NECROPHORE,Any one of numerous species of beetles of the genus Necrophorusand
allied genera; -- called also burying beetle, carrion beetle,sexton beetle.
NECROPOLIS,A city of the dead; a name given by the ancients to theircemeteries, and
sometimes applied to modern burial places; agraveyard.
NECROPSY,A post-mortem examination or inspection; an autopsy. SeeAutopsy.
NECROSE,To affect with necrosis; to unergo necrosis. Quain.
NECROSED,Affected by necrosis; dead; as, a necrosed bone. Dunglison.
NECROSIS,Mortification or gangrene of bone, or the death of a bone orportion of a
bone in mass, as opposed to its death by moleculardisintegration. See Caries.
NECROTIC,Affected with necrosis; as, necrotic tissue; characterized by,or
producing, necrosis; as, a necrotic process.
NECROTOMY,The dissection of dead bodies; also, excision of necrosed bone.--
Nec`ro*tom"ic (#), a. --Nec*rot"o*mist (#), n.
NECTAR,The drink of the gods (as ambrosia was their food); hence, anydelicious or
inspiring beverage.
NECTAREAL,Of or pertaining to a nectary.
NECTAREAN,Resembling nectar; very sweet and pleasant. "nectarean juice."Talfourd.
NECTARED,Imbued with nectar; mingled with nectar; abounding with nectar.Milton.
NECTAREOUS,Of, pertaining to, containing, or resembling nectar;
delicious;nectarean. Pope.-- Nec*ta"re*ous*ly, adv.-- Nec*ta"re*ous*ness, n.
NECTARIAL,Of or pertaining to the nectary of a plant.
NECTARIED,Having a nectary.
NECTARIFEROUS,Secreting nectar; -- said of blossoms or their parts.
NECTARINE,Nectareous. [R.] Milton.
NECTARIZE,To mingle or infuse with nectar; to sweeten. [Obs.] Cockeram.
NECTAROUS,Nectareous. Milton.
NECTARY,That part of a blossom which secretes nectar, usually the baseof the
corolla or petals; also, the spur of such flowers as thelarkspur and columbine,
whether nectariferous or not. See theIllustration of Nasturtium.
NECTOCALYX,The cavity of a nectocalyx.
NECTOSTEM,That portion of the axis which bears the nectocalyces in theSiphonophora.
NEDDER,An adder. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.
NEDDY,A pet name for a donkey.
NEE,Born; -- a term sometimes used in introducing the name of thefamily to which a
married woman belongs by birth; as, Madame deStaël, née Necker.
NEED,To be in want of; to have cause or occasion for; to lack; torequire, as supply
or relief.Other creatures all day long Rove idle, unemployed, and less needrest.
Milton.
NEEDER,One who needs anything. Shak.
NEEDILY,In a needy condition or manner; necessarily. Chaucer.
NEEDINESS,The state or quality of being needy; want; poverty; indigence.
NEEDLE,One of the needle-shaped secondary leaves of pine trees. SeePinus.
NEEDLE-POINTED,Pointed as needles.
NEEDLEBOOK,A book-shaped needlecase, having leaves of cloth into which theneedles
are stuck.
NEEDLECASE,A case to keep needles.
NEEDLEFUL,As much thread as is used in a needle at one time.
NEEDLER,One who makes or uses needles; also, a dealer in needles. PiersPlowman.
NEEDLESTONE,Natrolite; -- called also needle zeolite.
NEEDLEWOMAN,A woman who does needlework; a seamstress.
NEEDLY,Like a needle or needles; as, a needly horn; a needly beard. R.D. Blackmore.
NEEDMENT,Something needed or wanted. pl.
NEEDS,Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must,and equivalent
to of need.A man must needs love mauger his head. Chaucer.And he must needs go
through Samaria. John iv. 4.He would needs know the cause of his reulse. Sir J.
Davies.
NEEDSCOST,Of necessity. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NEEDSLY,Of necessity. [Obs.] Drayton.
NEEDY,A needle. [Obs.] Shak.
NEELGHAU,See Nylghau.
NEEM TREE,An Asiatic name for Melia Azadirachta, and M. Azedarach. SeeMargosa.
NEER,Nearer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NEESE,To sneeze. [Obs.] [Written also neeze.]
NEESING,Sneezing. [Obs.] "By his neesings a light doth shine." Job xli.18.
NEF,The nave of a church. Addison.
NEFARIOUS,Wicked in the extreme; abominable; iniquitous; atrociouslyvillainous;
execrable; detestably vile.
NEFASCH,Any fish of the genus Distichodus. Several large speciesinhabit the Nile.
NEFAST,Wicked. [R.]
NEGATION,Description or definition by denial, exclusion, or exception;statement of
what a thing is not, or has not, from which may beinferred what it is or has.
NEGATIVE,Asserting absence of connection between a subject and apredicate; as, a
negative proposition.
NEGATIVELY,The quality or state of being negative.
NEGATORY,Expressing denial; belonging to negation; negative. Carlyle.
NEGINOTH,Stringed instruments. Dr. W. Smith.To the chief musician on Neginoth. Ps.
iv. 9heading).
NEGLECTEDNESS,The state of being neglected.
NEGLECTER,One who neglects. South.
NEGLECTFUL,Full of neglect; heedless; careless; negligent; inattentive;indifferent.
Pope.A cold and neglectful countenance. Locke.Though the Romans had no great genius
for trade, yet they were notentirely neglectful of it. Arbuthnot.--
Neg*lect"ful*ly, adv.-- Neg*lect"ful*ness, n.
NEGLECTINGLY,Carelessly; heedlessly. Shak.
NEGLECTION,The state of being negligent; negligence. [Obs.] Shak.
NEGLECTIVE,Neglectful. [R.] "Neglective of their own children." Fuller.
NEGLIGEE,An easy, unceremonious attire; undress; also, a kind of easyrobe or
dressing gown worn by women.
NEGLIGENCE,The quality or state of being negligent; lack of due diligenceor care;
omission of duty; habitual neglect; heedlessness.
NEGLIGENT,Apt to neglect; customarily neglectful; characterized bynegligence;
careless; heedless; culpably careless; showing lack ofattention; as, disposed in
negligent order. "Be thou negligent offame." Swift.He that thinks he can afford to
be negligent is not far from beingpoor. Rambler.
NEGLIGENTLY,In a negligent manner.
NEGLIGIBLE,That may neglicted, disregarded, or left out of consideration.Within
very negligible limits of error. Sir J. Herschel.
NEGOCE,Business; occupation. [Obs.] Bentley.
NEGOTIABILITY,The quality of being negotiable or transferable by indorsement.
NEGOTIABLE,Capable of being negotiated; transferable by assigment orindorsement to
another person; as, a negotiable note or bill ofexchange. Negotiable paper, any
commercial paper transferable by saleor delivery and indorsement, as bills of
exchange, drafts, checks,and promissory notes.
NEGOTIANT,A negotiator. [R.] Sir W. Raleigh.
NEGOTIATOR,One who negotiates; a person who treats with others, either asprincipal
or agent, in respect to purchase and sale, or publiccompacts.
NEGOTIATORY,Of or pertaining to negotiation.
NEGOTIATRIX,A woman who negotiates. Miss Edgeworth.
NEGOTIOSITY,The state of being busy; multitude of business. [Obs.]
NEGOTIOUS,Very busy; attentive to business; active. [R.] D. Rogers.
NEGOTIOUSNESS,The state of being busily occupied; activity. [R.] D. Rogers.
NEGRESS,A black woman; a female negro.
NEGRITA,A blackish fish (Hypoplectrus nigricans), of the Sea-bassfamily. It is a
native of the West Indies and Florida.
NEGRITIC,Of or pertaining to negroes; composed of negroes. Keary.
NEGRITOS,A degraded Papuan race, inhabiting Luzon and some of the othereast Indian
Islands. They resemble negroes, but are smaller in size.They are mostly nomads.
NEGRO,A black man; especially, one of a race of black or very darkpersons who
inhabit the greater part of tropical Africa, and aredistinguished by crisped or
curly hair, flat noses, and thickprotruding lips; also, any black person of unmixed
African blood,wherever found.
NEGROHEAD,An inferior commercial variety of India rubber made up intoround masses.
NEGROLOID,See Negroid.
NEGUS,A beverage made of wine, water, sugar, nutmeg, and lemon juice;-- so called,
it is said, from its first maker, Colonel Negus.
NEHILOTH,A term supposed to mean, perforated wind instruments of music,as pipes or
flutes. Ps. v. (heading).
NEHUSHTAN,A thing of brass; -- the name under which the Israelitesworshiped the
brazen serpent made by Moses. 2 Kings xviii. 4.
NEIGH,The cry of a horse; a whinny.
NEIGHBOR,Near to another; adjoining; adjacent; next; neighboring. "Theneighbor
cities." Jer. l. 40. "The neighbor room." Shak.
NEIGHBORING,Living or being near; adjacent; as, the neighboring nations
orcountries.
NEIGHBORLINESS,The quality or state of being neighborly.
NEIGHBORLY,Apropriate to the relation of neighbors; having frequent orfamiliar
intercourse; kind; civil; social; friendly.-- adv.
NEIGHBORSHIP,The state of being neighbors. [R.] J. Bailie.
NEISHOUT,The mahogany-like wood of the South African tree Pteroxylonutile, the
sawdust of which causes violent sneezing (whence thename). Also called sneezewood.
NEITHER,Not either; not the one or the other.Which of them shall I take Both one or
neither Neither can beenjoyed, If both remain alive. Shak.He neither loves, Nor
either cares for him. Shak.
NELUMBO,A genus of great water lilies. The North American species isNelumbo lutea,
the Asiatic is the sacred lotus, N. speciosa. [Writtenalso Nelumbium.]
NEMALINE,Having the form of threads; fibrous.
NEMALITE,A fibrous variety of brucite.
NEMATELMIA,Same as Nemathelminthes.
NEMATHECIUM,A peculiar kind of fructification on certain red algæ,consisting of an
external mass of filaments at length separating intotetraspores.
NEMATO-,. A combining from Gr. nhema, nhematos, a thread.
NEMATOBLAST,A spermatocyte or spermoblast.
NEMATOCALYX,One of a peculiar kind of cups, or calicles, found uponhydroids of the
family Plumularidæ. They contain nematocysts. SeePlumularia.
NEMATOCERA,A suborder of dipterous insects, having long antennæ, as themosquito,
gnat, and crane fly; -- called also Nemocera.
NEMATOCYST,A lasso cell, or thread cell. See Lasso cell, under Lasso.
NEMATODE,Same as Nematoid.
NEMATOGENE,One of the dimorphic forms of the species of Dicyemata, whichproduced
vermiform embryos; -- opposed to Ant: rhombogene.
NEMATOGNATH,one of the Nematognathi.
NEMATOGNATHI,An order of fishes having barbels on the jaws. It includes
thecatfishes, or siluroids. See Siluroid.
NEMATOID,of or pertaining to the Nematoidea.-- n.
NEMATOIDEA,An order of worms, having a long, round, and generally smoothbody; the
roundworms. they are mostly parasites. Called alsoNematodea, and Nematoda.
NEMATOIDEAN,Nematoid.
NEMATOPHORA,Same as Cælenterata.
NEMEAN,Of or pertaining to Nemea, in Argolis, where the ancient Greekscelebrated
games, and Hercules killed a lion.
NEMERTEAN,Of or pertaining to the Nemertina.-- n.
NEMERTES,A genus of nemertina.
NEMERTIAN,Nemertean.
NEMERTID,Nemertean.
NEMERTIDA,Nemertina.
NEMERTINA,An order of helminths usually having a long, slender, smooth,often
bright-colored body, covered with minute vibrating cilia; --called also Nemertea,
Nemertida, and Rhynchocæla.
NEMESIS,The goddess of retribution or vengeance; hence, retributivejustice
personified; divine vengeance.This is that ancient doctrine of nemesis who keeps
watch in theuniverse, and lets no offense go unchastised. Emerson.
NEMOPHILIST,One who is fond of forest or forest scenery; a haunter of thewoods.
[R.]
NEMOPHILY,Fondness for forest scenery; love of the woods. [R.]
NEMORAL,Of or pertaining to a wood or grove. [R.]
NEMOROUS,Woody. [R.]Paradise itself was but a kind of nemorous temple. Evelyn.
NEMPNE,To name or call. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NEMPT,of Nempne. Called; named. [Obs.]
NEMS,The ichneumon.
NENIA,A funeral song; an elegy.
NENUPHAR,The great white water lily of Europe; the Nymphæa alba.
NEO-,A prefix meaning new, recent, late; and in chemistrydesignating specifically
that variety of metameric hydrocarbonswhich, when the name was applied, had been
recently classified, andin which at least one carbon atom in connected directly
with fourother carbon atoms; -- contrasted with normal and iso-; as,neopentane; the
neoparaffins. Also used adjectively.
NEO-CHRISTIANITY,Rationalism.
NEO-DARWINISM,The theory which holds natural selection, as explained byDarwin, to
be the chief factor in the evolution of plants andanimals, and denies the
inheritance of acquired characters; -- esp.opposed to Neo-Lamarckism. Weismannism
is an example of extreme Neo-Darwinism. -- Ne`o-Dar*win"i*an, a. & n.
NEO-GREEK,A member of a body of French painters (F. les néo-Grecs) of themiddle
19th century. The term is rather one applied by outsiders tocertain artists of
grave and refined style, such as Hamon and Aubert,than a name adopted by the
artists themselves.
NEO-HEBRAIC,The modern Hebrew language.
NEO-HEGELIAN,An adherent of Neo-Hegelianism.
NEO-HEGELIANISM,The philosophy of a school of British and American idealistswho
follow Hegel in dialectical or logical method and in the generaloutcome of their
doctrine. The founders and leaders of Neo-Hegelianism include: in England, T. H.
Green (1836-1882); inScotland, J. (1820-98) and E. (1835-1908) Caird; in the
UnitedStates, W. T. Harris (1835-1909) and Josiah Royce (1855- -).
NEO-HELLENIC,Same as Romaic.
NEO-HELLENISM,Hellenism as surviving or revival in modern times; the practiceor
pursuit of ancient Greek ideals in modern life, art, orliterature, as in the
Renaissance.
NEO-KANTIAN,An adherent of Neo-Kantianism.
NEO-KANTIANISM,The philosophy of modern thinkers who follow Kant in hisgeneral
theory of knowledge, esp. of a group of German philosophersincluding F. A. Lange,
H. Cohen, Paul Natorp, and others.
NEO-LAMARCKISM,Lamarckism as revived, modified, and expounded by recentbiologists,
esp. as maintaining that the offspring inheritscharacters acquired by the parent
from change of environment, use ordisuse of parts, etc.; -- opposed of Neo-
Darwinism (which see,above). -- Ne`o-La*marck"i*an, a. & n.
NEO-LATIN,Applied to the Romance languages, as being mostly of Latinorigin.
NEO-MALTHUSIAN,Designating, or pertaining to, a group of modern economists whohold
to the Malthusianism doctrine that permanent betterment of thegeneral standard of
living is impossible without decrease ofcompetition by limitation of the number of
births. -- Ne`o-Mal*thu"sian, Ne`o-Mal*thu"sian*ism, n.
NEO-SCHOLASTIC,Of or pert. to Neo-Scholasticism.
NEO-SCHOLASTICISM,The modern revival of the Scholastic philosophy, esp. of thatof
Thomas Aquinas, with critical revision to suit the exigencies ofthe general advance
in learning. The Neo-Scholastic movement receiveda great impetus from Leo XIII.'s
interest in it.
NEOCARIDA,The modern, or true, Crustacea, as distinguished from theMerostomata.
NEOCENE,More recent than the Eocene, that is, including both theMiocene and
Pliocene divisions of the Tertiary.
NEOCLASSIC ARCHITECTURE,All that architecture which, since the beginning of the
ItalianRenaissance, about 1420, has been designed with deliberate imitationof
Greco-Roman buildings.
NEOCLASSIC,Belonging to, or designating, the modern revival of classical,esp.
Greco-Roman, taste and manner of work in architecture, etc.
NEOCOMIAN,A term applied to the lowest deposits of the Cretaceous orchalk formation
of Europe, being the lower greensand.
NEOCOSMIC,of or pertaining to the universe in its present state;specifically,
pertaining to the races of men known to history.
NEOCRACY,Government by new or inexperienced hands; upstart rule; raw oruntried
officials.
NEOCRITICISM,The form of Neo-Kantianism developed by French idealists,following C.
Renouvier. It rejects the noumena of Kant, restrictingknowledge to phenomena as
constituted by a priori categories.
NEODAMODE,In ancient Sparta, one of those Helots who were freed by thestate in
reward for military service. Milford.
NEODYMIUM,An elementary substance which forms one of the constituents ofdidymium.
Symbol Nd. Atomic weight 140.8.
NEOGAEAN,Of or pertaining to the New World, or Western Hemisphere.
NEOGAMIST,A person recently married.
NEOGEN,An alloy resembling silver, and consisting chiefly of copper,zinc, and
nickel, with small proportions of tin, aluminium, andbismuth. Ure.
NEOGRAMMARIAN,One of a group of philologists who apply phonetic laws morewidely and
strictly than was formerly done, and who maintain thatthese laws admit of no real
exceptions. --Ne`o*gram*mat"ic*al (#), a.
NEOGRAPHY,A new method or system of writing.
NEOLITHIC,Of or pertaining to, or designating, an era characterized bylate remains
in stone.The Neolithic era includes the latter half of the "Stone age;" thehuman
relics which belong to it are associated with the remains ofanimals not yet
extinct. The kitchen middens of Denmark, the lakedwellings of Switzerland, and the
stockaded islands, or "crannogs,"of the British Isles, belong to this era. Lubbock.
NEOLOGIAN,Neologic; neological.
NEOLOGIANISM,Neologism.
NEOLOGICALLY,, adv. In a neological manner.
NEOLOGIST,of or pertaining to neology; neological.
NEOLOGIZATION,The act or process of neologizing.
NEOMENIA,The time of the new moon; the beginning of the month in thelunar calendar.
NEOMENOIDEA,A division of vermiform gastropod mollusks, without a shell,belonging
to the Isopleura.
NEOMORPH,A structure, part, or organ developed independently, that is,not derived
from a similar structure, part, or organ, in a preexisting form.
NEONISM,Neologism.
NEONOMIAN,One who advocates adheres to new laws; esp. one who holds orbelieves that
the gospel is a new law.
NEONOMIANISM,The doctrines or belief of the neonomians.
NEOPAGANISM,Revived or new paganism.
NEOPLASIA,Growth or development of new material; neoplasty.
NEOPLASM,A new formation or tissue, the product of morbid action.
NEOPLASTIC,of or pertaining to neoplasty, or neoplasia.
NEOPLASTY,Restoration of a part by granulation, adhesive inflammation,
orautoplasty.
NEOPLATONIC,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, Neoplatonism or theNeoplatonists.
NEOPLATONICIAN,A neoplatonist.
NEOPLATONISM,A pantheistic eclectic school of philosophy, of which Plotinuswas the
chief (A. D. 205-270), and which sought to reconcile thePlatonic and Aristotelian
systems with Oriental theosophy. It tendedto mysticism and theurgy, and was the
last product of Greekphilosophy.
NEOPLATONIST,One who held to Neoplatonism; a member of the Neoplatonicschool.
NEORAMA,A panorama of the interior of a building, seen from within.
NEOSSINE,The substance constituting the edible bird's nest.
NEOSSOLOGY,The study of young birds.
NEOTERIC,One of modern times; a modern.
NEOTERICALLY,Recently; newly.
NEOTERISM,An innovation or novelty; a neoteric word or phrase.
NEOTERIST,One ho introduces new word Fitzed Hall.
NEOTERIZE,To innovate; to coin or introduce new words.Freely as we of the
nineteenth century neoterize. fized. Hall.
NEOTROPICAL,Belonging to, or designating, a region of the earth's surfacewhich
comprises most of South America, the Antilles, and tropicalNorth America.
NEOZOIC,More recent than the Paleozoic, -- that is, including theMesozoic and
Cenozoic.
NEP,Catnip.
NEPA,A genus of aquatic hemipterus insects. The species feed uponother insects and
are noted for their voracity; -- called alsoscorpion bug and water scorpion.
NEPAULESE,Of or pertaining to Nepaul, a kingdom in Northern Hindostan.-- n. sing. &
pl.
NEPENTHE,A drug used by the ancients to give relief from pain andsorrow; -- by some
supposed to have been opium or hasheesh. Hence,anything soothing and
comforting.Lulled with the sweet nepenthe of a court. Pope.Quaff, O quaff this kind
nepenthe. Poe.
NEPENTHES,A genus of climbing plants found in India, Malaya, etc., whichhave the
leaves prolonged into a kind of stout tendril terminating ina pitcherlike
appendage, whence the plants are often called pitcherplants and monkey-cups. There
are about thirty species, of which thebest known is Nepenthes distillatoria. See
Pitcher plant.
NEPETA,A genus of labiate plants, including the catnip and ground ivy.
NEPHALISM,Total abstinence from spirituous liquor.
NEPHALIST,One who advocates or practices nephalism.
NEPHELODOMETER,An instrument for reckoning the distances or velocities ofclouds.
NEPHELOMETER,An instrument for measuring or registering the amount ofcloudiness.
NEPHILIM,Giants. Gen. vi. 4. Num. xiii. 33.
NEPHOSCOPE,An instrument for observing the clouds and their velocity.
NEPHRIDIAL,of or pertaining to a nephridium.
NEPHRIDIUM,A segmental tubule; one of the tubules of the primitiveurinogenital
organs; a segmental organ. See Illust. under Loeven'slarva.
NEPHRITE,A hard compact mineral, of a dark green color, formerly worn asa remedy
for diseases of the kidneys, whence its name; kidney stone;a kind of jade. See
Jade.
NEPHRITIC,A medicine adapted to relieve or cure disease of the kidneys.
NEPHRITIS,An inflammation of the kidneys.
NEPHROLITHIC,of or pertaining to gravel, or renal calculi. Dunglison.
NEPHROLOGY,A treatise on, or the science which treats of, the kidneys, andtheir
structure and functions.
NEPHROSTOME,The funnelshaped opening of a nephridium into the body cavity.
NEPHROTOMY,Extraction of stone from the kidney by cutting.
NEPOTAL,Of or relating to a nephew.
NEPOTIC,Of or pertaining to npotism.The nepotic ambition of the ruling pontiff.
Milman.
NEPOTISM,Undue attachment to relations; favoritism shown to members ofone's family;
bestowal of patronage in consideration of relationship,rather than of merit or of
legal claim.From nepotism Alexander V. was safe; for he was without kindred
orrelatives. But there was another perhaps more fatal nepotism, whichturned the
tide of popularity against him -- the nepotism of hisorder. Milman.
NEPOTIST,One who practices nepotism.
NEPTUNE,The son of Saturn and Ops, the god of the waters, especially ofthe sea. He
is represented as bearing a trident for a scepter.
NEPTUNIAN,Formed by water or aqueous solution; as, Neptunian rocks.Neptunian races
(Ethnol.), the Malay and Polynesian races.-- Neptunian theory (Geol.), the theory
of Werner, which referredthe formation of all rocks and strata to the agency of
water; --opposed to the Plutonic theory.
NEPTUNICENTRIC,As seen from Neptune, or having Neptune as a center;
as,Neptunicentric longitude or force.
NEPTUNIUM,A new metallic element, of doubtful genuineness and
uncertainindentification, said to exist in certain minerals, as columbite.Hermann.
NER,nearer. [Obs.] See Nerre.
NERE,Were not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NEREID,A sea nymph, one of the daughters of Nereus, who wereattendants upon
Neptune, and were represented as riding on seahorses, sometimes with the human form
entire, and sometimes with thetail of a fish.
NEREIDIAN,Any annelid resembling Nereis, or of the family Lycoridæ orallied
families.
NEREIS,A Nereid. See Nereid.
NEREITES,Fossil tracks of annelids.
NEREOCYSTIS,A genus of gigantic seaweeds.
NERFLING,The id.
NERITA,A genus of marine gastropods, mostly natives of warm climates.
NERITE,Any mollusk of the genus Nerita.
NERITINA,A genus including numerous species of shells resembling Neritain form.
They mostly inhabit brackish water, and are often delicatelytinted.
NERKA,The most important salmon of Alaska (Oncorhinchus nerka),ascending in spring
most rivers and lakes from Alaska to Oregon,Washington, and Idaho; --called also
red salmon, redfish, blueback,and sawqui.
NERO,A Roman emperor notorius for debauchery and barbarous cruelty;hence, any
profligate and cruel ruler or merciless tyrant.-- Ne*ro"ni*an, a.
NERO-ANTICO,A beautiful black marble found in fragments among Roman ruins,and
usually thought to have come from ancient Laconia.
NEROLI,An essential oil obtained by distillation from the flowers ofthe orange. It
has a strong odor, and is used in perfumery, etc.Neroli camphor (Chem.), a white
crystalline waxy substance, tastelessand odorless, obtained from beroli oil; --
called also auradin.
NERRE,Nearer. [Obs.] [Written also neer, ner.] Chaucer. Never theneer, never the
nearer; no nearer. [Obs.]
NERVATE,Nerved.
NERVATION,The arrangement of nerves and veins, especially those ofleaves;
neuration.The outlines of the fronds of ferns, and their nervation, are
frailcharacters if employed alone for the determination of existinggenera. J. D.
Hooker.
NERVE,One of the whitish and elastic bundles of fibers, with theaccompanying
tissues, which transmit nervous impulses between nervecenters and various parts of
the animal body.
NERVE-SHAKEN,Affected by a tremor, or by a nervous disease; weakened;overcome by
some violent influence or sensation; shoked.
NERVED,Having nerves, or simple and parallel ribs or veins. Gray.
NERVELESSNESS,The state of being nerveless.
NERVIMOTION,The movement caused in the sensory organs by external agentsand
transmitted to the muscles by the nerves. Dunglison.
NERVIMOTOR,Any agent capable of causing nervimotion. Dunglison.
NERVINE,Having the quality of acting upon or affecting the nerves;quieting nervous
excitement.-- n.
NERVOMUSCULAR,Of or pertaining to both nerves and muscles; of the nature ofnerves
and muscles; as, nervomuscular energy.
NERVOSE,Same as Nerved.
NERVOSITY,Nervousness. [R.]
NERVOUSLY,In a nervous manner.
NERVOUSNESS,State or quality of being nervous.
NERVURE,One of the nerves of leaves.
NERVY,Strong; sinewy. "His nervy knees." Keats.
NESCIENCE,Want of knowledge; ignorance; agnosticism.God fetched it about for me, in
that absence and nescience of mine.Bp. Hall.
NESE,Nose. [Obs.] Piers plowman.
NESH,Soft; tender; delicate. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
NESS,A promontory; a cape; a headland. Hakluyt.
NESSLERIZE,To treat or test, as a liquid, with a solution of mercuriciodide in
potassium iodide and potassium hydroxide, which is calledNessler's solution or
Nessler's test, and is used to detect thepresence of ammonia.
NEST,An aggregated mass of any ore or mineral, in an isolated state,within a rock.
NESTFUL,As much or many as will fill a nest.
NESTLE,To house, as in a nest.
NESTLING,Newly hatched; being yet in the nest.
NESTOR,A genus of parrots with gray heads. of New Zeland and papua,allied to the
cockatoos. See Kaka.
NESTORIAN,An adherent of Nestorius, patriarch of Constantinople to thefifth
century, who has condemned as a heretic for maintaining thatthe divine and the
human natures were not merged into one nature inChrist (who was God in man), and,
hence, that it was improper to callMary the mother of Christ; also, one of the sect
established by thefollowers of Nestorius in Persia, india, and other
Orientalcountries, and still in existence. opposed to Ant: Eutychian.
NESTORIANISM,The doctrines of the nestorian Christians, or of Nestorius.
NET,A figure made up of a large number of straight lines or curves,which are
connected at certain points and related to each other bysome specified law.
NET-VEINED,Having veins, or nerves, reticulated or netted; as, a net-veined wing or
leaf.
NETFISH,An astrophyton.
NETHER,Situated down or below; lying beneath, or in the lower part;having a lower
position; belonging to the region below; lower; under;-- opposed to upper.'Twixt
upper, nether, and surrounding fires. Milton.This darksome nether world her light
Doth dim with horror anddeformity. Spenser.All my nether shape thus grew
transformed. Milton.
NETHERMORE,Lower, nether. [Obs.] Holland.
NETHERMOST,Lowest; as, the nethermost abyss. Milton.
NETHINIM,Servants of the priests and Levites in the menial servicesabout the
tabernacle and temple.
NETIFY,To render neat; to clean; to put in order. [R.] Chapman.
NETSUKE,In Japanese costume and decorative art, a small object carvedin wood,
ivory, bone, or horn, or wrought in metal, and pierced withholes for cords by which
it is connected, for convenience, with theinro, the smoking pouch (tabako-ire), and
similar objects carried inthe girdle. It is now much used on purses sold in Europe
and America.
NETTING,A network of ropes used for various purposes, as for holdingthe hammocks
when not in use, also for stowing sails, and forhoisting from the gunwale to the
rigging to hinder an enemy fromboarding. Totten. Netting needle, a kind of slender
shuttle used innetting. See Needle, n., 3.
NETTLE,A plant of the genus Urtica, covered with minute sharp hairscontaining a
poison that produces a stinging sensation. Urticagracitis is common in the
Northern, and U. chamædryoides in theSouthern, United States. the common European
species, U. urens and U.dioica, are also found in the Eastern united States. U.
pilulifera isthe Roman nettle of England.
NETTLEBIRD,the European whitethroat. [Prov. Eng.]
NETTLER,One who nettles. [R.] Milton.
NETTLING,Stinging; irritating. Nettling cell (Zoöl.), a lasso cell. Seeunder Lasso.
NETTY,Like a net, or network; netted. [R.]
NEUFCHATEL,A kind of soft sweet-milk cheese; -- so called from Neufchâtel-en-Bray
in France.
NEURAD,Toward the neural side; -- opposed to hæmad.
NEURAL,relating to the nerves or nervous system; taining to, situatedin the region
of, or on the side with, the neural, or cerebro-spinal,axis; -- opposed to hemal.
As applied to vertebrates, neural is thesame as dorsal; as applied to invertebrates
it is usually the same asventral. Cf. Hemal. Neural arch (Anat.), the cartilaginous
or bonyarch on the dorsal side of the centrum of the vertebra in a segmentof the
spinal skeleton, usually inclosing a segment of the spinalcord.
NEURALGIA,A disease, the chief symptom of which is a very acute pain,exacerbating
or intermitting, which follows the course of a nervousbranch, extends to its
ramifications, and seems therefore to beseated in the nerve. It seems to be
independent of any structurallesion. Dunglison.
NEURALGIC,of or pertaining to, or having the character of, neuralgia; as,a
neuralgic headache.
NEURALGY,Neuralgia.
NEURAPOPHYSIAL,of or pertaining to a neurapophysis.
NEURASTHENIA,A condition of nervous debility supposed to be dependent
uponimpairment in the functions of the spinal cord.
NEURATION,The arrangement or distribution of nerves, as in the leaves ofa plant or
the wings of an insect; nervation.
NEURAXIS,See Axis cylinder, under Axis.
NEURENTERIC,Of or pertaining to both the neuron and the enteron; as, theneurenteric
canal, which, in embroys of many vertebrates, connectsthe medullary tube and the
primitive intestine. See Illust. ofEctoderm.
NEURIDIN,a nontoxic base, C5H14N2, found in the putrescent matters offlesh, fish,
decaying cheese, etc.
NEURILITY,The special properties and functions of the nerves; thatcapacity for
transmitting a stimulus which belongs to nerves. G. H.Lewes.
NEURINE,A poisonous organic base (a ptomaine) formed in thedecomposition of
protagon with boiling baryta water, and in theputrefraction of proteid matter. It
was for a long time consideredidentical with choline, a crystalline body originally
obtained frombile. Chemically, however, choline is oxyethyl-trimethyl-
ammoniumhydroxide, while neurine is vinyl-trimethyl-ammonium hydroxide.[Written
also neurin.]
NEURISM,Nerve force. See Vital force, under Vital.
NEURITIS,Inflammation of a nerve.
NEURO-,A combining denoting a nerve, of or pertaining to a nerve orthe nervous
system.
NEURO-CENTRAL,Between the neural arch and the centrum of a vertebra; as,
theneurocentral suture. Huxley.
NEURO-EPIDERMAL,Pertaining to, or giving rise to, the central nervous systemand
epiderms; as, the neuroepidermal, or epiblastic, layer of theblastoderm.
NEUROCITY,Nerve force.
NEUROCORD,A cordlike organ composed of elastic fibers situated above theventral
nervous cord of annelids, like the earthworm.-- Neu`ro*cor"dal, a.
NEUROGLIA,The delicate connective tissue framework which supports thenervous matter
and blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord.
NEUROGRAPHY,A description of the nerves. Dunglison.
NEUROKERATIN,A substance, resembling keratin, present in nerve tissue, as inthe
sheath of the axis cylinder of medullated nerve fibers. Likekeratin it resists the
action of most chemical agents, and bydecomposition with sulphuric acid yields
leucin and tyrosin.
NEUROLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to neurolgy.
NEUROLOGIST,One who is versed in neurology; also, one skilled in thetreatment of
nervous diseases.
NEUROLOGY,The branch of science which treats of the nervous system.
NEUROMA,A tumor developed on, or connected with, a nerve, esp. oneconsisting of
new-formed nerve fibers.
NEUROMERE,A metameric segment of the cerebro-spinal nervous system.
NEUROMUSCULAR,Nervomuscular.
NEURON,The brain and spinal cord; the cerebro-spinal axis;myelencephalon. B. G.
Wilder.
NEUROPATHIC,Of or pertaining to neuropathy; of the nature of, or sufferingfrom,
nervous disease.
NEUROPATHY,An affection of the nervous system or of a nerve.
NEUROPOD,A neuropodous animal. G. Rolleston.
NEUROPODIUM,The ventral lobe or branch of a parapodium.
NEUROPODOUS,Having the limbs on, or directed toward, the neural side, as inmost
invertebrates; -- opposed to Ant: hæmapodous. G. Rolleston.
NEUROPORE,An opening at either end of the embryonic neural canal.
NEUROPTER,One of the Neuroptera.
NEUROPTERA,An order of hexapod insects having two pairs of large,membranous, net-
veined wings. The mouth organs are adapted forchewing. They feed upon other
insects, and undergo a completemetamorphosis. The ant-lion, hellgamite, and
lacewing fly areexamples. Formerly, the name was given to a much more
extensivegroup, including the true Neuroptera and the Pseudoneuroptera.
NEUROPTERAL,Of or pertaining to the Neuroptera.
NEUROPTERAN,A neuropter.
NEUROPTERIS,An extensive genus of fossil ferns, of which species have beenfound
from the Devonian to the Triassic formation.
NEUROPTEROUS,Neuropteral.
NEUROSENSIFEROUS,Pertaining to, or forming, both nerves and sense organs.
NEUROSIS,A functional nervous affection or disease, that is, a diseaseof the nerves
without any appreciable change of nerve structure.
NEUROSKELETAL,Of or pertaining to the neuroskeleton. [R.] Owen.
NEUROSKELETON,The deep-seated parts of the vertebrate skeleton which arerelation
with the nervous axis and locomation. Owen.
NEUROSPAST,A puppet. [R.] Dr. H. More.
NEUROTIC,Any toxic agent whose action is mainly directed to the greatnerve centers.
NEUROTOME,A neuromere.
NEUROTOMICAL,Of or pertaining to neurotomy.
NEUROTOMIST,One who skilled in or practices neurotomy.
NEUROTOMY,The division of a nerve, for the relief of neuralgia, or forother
purposes. Dunglison.
NEURULA,An embryo or certain invertebrates in the stage when theprimitive band is
first developed.
NEUTER,Having no generative organs, or imperfectly developed ones;sexless. See
Neuter, n., 3.
NEUTRAL,Neuter. See Neuter, a., 3.
NEUTRALIST,A neutral; one who professes or practices neutrality. Milman.
NEUTRALITY,The quality or state of being neutral. See Neutral, a., 4.
NEUTRALIZATION,The act or process by which an acid and a base are combined insuch
proportions that the resulting compound is neutral. See Neutral,a., 4.
NEUTRALIZE,To render inert or imperceptible the peculiar affinities of, asa
chemical substance; to destroy the effect of; as, to neutralize anacid with a base.
NEUTRALIZER,One who, or that which, neutralizes; that which destroys,disguises, or
renders inert the peculiar properties of a body.
NEUTRALLY,In a neutral manner; without taking part with either side;indifferently.
NEUVAINES,Prayers offered up for nine successive days.
NEVADITE,A grantitoid variety of rhyolite, common in Nevada.
NEVE,The upper part of a glacier, above the limit or perpetual snow.See Galcier.
NEVEN,To name; to mention; to utter. [Obs.]As oft I heard my lord them neven.
Chaucer.
NEVERMORE,Never again; at no time hereafter. Testament of Love. Tyndale.Where
springtime of the Hesperides Begins, but endeth nevermore.Longfellow.
NEVERTHELATER,Nevertheless. [Obs.]
NEVERTHELESS,Not the less; notwithstanding; in spite of that; yet.No chastening for
the present seemeth to be joyous, but grievous;nevertheless, afterward it yieldeth
the peaceable fruit ofrighteousness. Heb. xii. 11.
NEVEW,Nephew. [Obs.] haucer.
NEW THOUGHT,Any form of belief in mental healing other than (1) ChristianScience
and (2) hypnotism or psychotherapy. Its central principle isaffirmative thought, or
suggestion, employed with the conviction thatman produces changes in his health,
his finances, and his life by theadoption of a favorable mental attitude. AS a
therapeutic doctrine itstands for silent and absent mental treatment, and the
theory thatall diseases are mental in origin. As a cult it has its unifying ideathe
inculcation of workable optimism in contrast with the "oldthought" of sin, evil,
predestination, and pessimistic resignation.The term is essentially synonymous with
the term High Thought, usedin England.
NEW ZEALAND,A group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean. New Zealandflax. (a)
(Bot.) A tall, liliaceous herb (Phormium tenax), havingvery long, sword-shaped,
distichous leaves which furnish a fine,strong fiber very valuable for cordage and
the like. (b) The fiberitself.-- New Zealand tea (Bot.), a myrtaceous shrub
(Leptospermumscoparium) of New Zealand and Australia, the leaves of which are
usedas a substitute for tea.
NEW,Newly; recently. Chaucer.
NEW-MODEL,To remodel.
NEW-YEAR,Of or pertaining to, or suitable for, the commencement of theyear; as,
New-year gifts or odes.
NEWBORN,Recently born. Shak.
NEWCOME,Recently come.
NEWCOMER,One who has lately come.
NEWEL,A novelty; a new thing. [Obs.] Spenser.
NEWFANGLE,Eager for novelties; desirous of changing. [Obs.]So newfangel be they of
their meat. Chaucer.
NEWFANGLEDNESS,Affectation of, or fondness for, novelty; vain or affectedfashion or
form.
NEWFANGLENESS,Newfangledness. [Obs.] Chaucer.Proud newfangleness in their apparel.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
NEWFANGLIST,One who is eager for novelties or desirous of change. [Obs.]Tooker.
NEWFANGLY,In a newfangled manner; with eagerness for novelty. [Obs.] SirT. More.
NEWFASHIONED,Made in a new form, or lately come into fashion.
NEWING,Yeast; barm. [prov. Eng.]
NEWISH,Somewhat new; nearly new. Bacon.
NEWMARKET,A long, closely fitting cloak.
NEWNESS,The quality or state of being new; as, the newness of a system;the newness
of a scene; newness of life.
NEWS-BOOK,A newspaper. [Obs.]
NEWS-LETTER,A circular letter, written or printed for the purpose ofdisseminating
news. This was the name given to the earliest Englishnewspapers.
NEWS-VNDER,A seller of newspapers.
NEWS-WRITER,One who gathered news for, and wrote, news-letters. Macaulay.
NEWSBOY,A boy who distributes or sells newspaper.
NEWSMONGER,One who deals in news; one who is active in hearing and tellingnews.
NEWSPAPER,A sheet of paper printed and distributed, at stated intervals,for
conveying intelligence of passing events, advocating opinions,etc.; a public print
that circulates news, advertisements,proceedings of legislative bodies, public
announcements, etc.
NEWSROOM,A room where news is collected and disseminated, or periodicalssold; a
reading room supplied with newspapers, magazines, etc.
NEWSY,Full of news; abounding in information as to current events.[Colloq.]
NEWT,Any one of several species of small aquatic salamanders. Thecommon British
species are the crested newt (Triton cristatus) andthe smooth newt (Lophinus
punctatus). In America, Diemictylusviridescens is one of the most abundant species.
NEWTONIAN,Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.Newtonian
philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- appliedto the doctrine of the
universe as expounded in Newton's "Principia,"to the modern or experimental
philosophy (as opposed to the theoriesof Descartes and others), and, most
frequently, to the mathematicaltheory of universal gravitation.-- Newtonian
telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in whichrays from the large speculum
are received by a plane mirror placeddiagonally in the axis, and near the open end
of the tube, and thrownat right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image
isformed and viewed through the eyeplace.-- Newtonian theory of light. See Note
under Light.
NEXIBLE,That may be knit together. [R.]
NEXT,In the time, place, or order nearest or immediately suceeding;as, this man
follows next.
NEXUS,Connection; tie.Man is doubtless one by some subtile nexus ... extending from
thenew-born infant to the superannuated dotard. De Quincey.
NEZ PERCES,A tribe of Indians, mostly inhabiting Idaho.
NGINA,The gorilla.
NIAGARA PERIOD,A subdivision or the American Upper Silurian system, embracingthe
Medina, Clinton, and Niagara epoch. The rocks of the Niagaraepoch, mostly
limestones, are extensively distributed, and at NiagaraFalls consist of about
eighty feet of shale supporting a greaterthickness of limestone, which is gradually
undermined by the removalof the shale. See Chart of Geology.
NIAS,A young hawk; an eyas; hence, an unsophisticated person. [Obs.]
NIB,The bill or beak of a bird; the neb.
NIBBED,Having a nib or point.
NIBBLE,To bite by little at a time; to seize gently with the mouth; toeat slowly or
in small bits.Thy turfy mountains, where live nibbling sheep. Shak.
NIBBLER,One who, or that which, nibbles.
NIBBLINGLY,In a nibbling manner; cautiously.
NIBELUNGENLIED,A great medieval German epic of unknown authorship
containingtraditions which refer to the Burgundians at the time of Attila(called
Etzel in the poem) and mythological elements pointing toheathen times.
NIBELUNGS,In German mythology, the children of the mist, a race of dwarfsor demonic
beings, the original possessors of the famous hoard andring won by Siegfrid; also,
the Burgundian kings in theNibelungenlied.
NIBLICK,A kind of golf stick used to lift the ball out of holes, ruts,etc.
NICAGUA,The laughing falcon. See under laughing.
NICARAGUA WOOD,Brazil wood.
NICCOLITE,A mineral of a copper-red color and metallic luster; anarsenide of
nickel; -- called also coppernickel, kupfernickel.
NICELY,In a nice manner.
NICENE,Of or pertaining to Nice, a town of Asia Minor, or to theecumenial council
held there A. D. 325. Nicene Creed (, a summary ofChristian faith, composed and
adopted by the Council of Nice, againstArianism, A. D. 325, altered and confirmed
by the Council ofConstantinople, A. D. 381, and by subsequent councils.
NICENESS,Quality or state of being nice.
NICERY,Nicety. [Colloq.] Chapman.
NICHE,A cavity, hollow, or recess, generally within the thickness ofa wall, for a
statue, bust, or other erect ornament. hence, anysimilar position, literal or
figurative.Images defended from the injuries of the weather by niches of
stonewherein they are placed. Evelun.
NICHED,Placed in a niche. "Those niched shapes of noble mold."Tennyson.
NICK,An evil spirit of the waters. Old Nick, the evil one; thedevil. [Colloq.]
NICKEL STEEL,A kind of cast steel containing nickel, which greatly increasesits
strength. It is used for armor plate, bicycle tubing, propellershafts, etc.
NICKEL,A bright silver-white metallic element. It is of the irongroup, and is hard,
malleable, and ductile. It occurs combined withsulphur in millerite, with arsenic
in the mineral niccolite, and witharsenic and sulphur in nickel glance. Symbol Ni.
Atomic weight 58.6.
NICKELIC,Pertaining to, or containing, nickel; specifically, designatingcompounds
in which, as contrasted with the nickelous compounds, themetal has a higher
valence; as nickelic oxide.
NICKELIFEROUS,Containing nickel; as, nickelferous iron.
NICKELINE,An alloy of nickel, a variety of German silver.
NICKELODEON,A place of entertainment, as for moving picture exhibition,charging a
fee or admission price of five cents. [U. S.]
NICKELOUS,Of, pertaining to, or designating, those compounds of nickel inwhich, as
contrasted with the nickelic compounds, the metal has alower valence; as, nickelous
oxide. Frankland.
NICKER NUT,A rounded seed, rather smaller than a nutmeg, having a hardsmooth shell,
and a yellowish or bluish color. The seeds grow in theprickly pods of tropical,
woody climbers of the genus Cæsalpinia. C.Bonduc has yellowish seeds; C.Bonducella,
bluish gray. [Spelt alsoneckar nut, nickar nut.]
NICKER TREE,The plant producing nicker nuts. [Written also neckar tree andnickar
tree.]
NICKING,Small coal produced in making the nicking.
NICKLE,The European woodpecker, or yaffle; -- called also nickerpecker.
NICKNACK,See Knickknack.
NICKNACKERY,See Knickknackery.
NICKNAME,A name given in contempt, derision, or sportive familiarity; afamiliar or
an opprobrious appellation.
NICOLAITAN,One of certain corrupt persons in the early church at Ephesus,who are
censured in rev. ii. 6, 15.
NICOTIAN,Tobacco. [R.] B. Jonson.
NICOTIANA,A genus of American and Asiatic solanaceous herbs, with viscidfoliage and
funnel-shaped blossoms. Several species yield tobacco.See Tobacco.
NICOTIANINE,A white waxy substance having a hot, bitter taste, extractedfrom
tobacco leaves and called also tobacco camphor.
NICOTIC,Nicotinic.
NICOTIDINE,A complex, oily, nitrogenous base, isomeric with nicotine, andobtained
by the reduction of certain derivatives of the pyridinegroup.
NICOTINE,An alkaloid which is the active principle of tobacco. It is acolorless,
transparent, oily liquid, having an acrid odor, and anacrid burning taste. It is
intensely poisonous. Ure.
NICOTINIC,Pertaining to, or derived from, nicotine; nicotic; -- usedspecifically to
designate an acid related to pyridine, obtained bythe oxidation of nicotine, and
called nicotinic acid.
NICOTINISM,The morbid condition produced by the excessive use of tobacco.
NICTATE,To wink; to nictitate.
NICTATION,the act of winking; nictitation.
NICTITATE,To wink; to nictate. Nictitating membrance (Anat.), a thinmembrance,
found in many animals at the inner angle, or beneath thelower lid, of the eye, and
capable of being drawn across the eyeball;the third eyelid; the haw.
NICTITATION,The act of winking.
NIDAMENTAL,of, pertaining to, or baring, eggs or egg capsules; as, thenidament
capsules of certain gastropods; nidamental glands. SeeIllust. of Dibranchiata.
NIDARY,A collection of nests. [R.] velyn.
NIDE,A nestful; a brood; as, a nide of pheasants. [Obs.]
NIDERING,Infamous; dastardly. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott.
NIDGERY,A trifle; a piece of foolery. [Obs.] Skinner.
NIDGET,A fool; an idiot, a coward. [Obs.] Camden.
NIDIFICATE,To make a nest.Where are the fishes which nidificated in trees Lowell.
NIDIFICATION,The act or process of building a nest.
NIDING,A coward; a dastard; -- a term of utmost opprobrium. [Obs.]He is worthy to
be called a niding. Howell.
NIDOR,Scent or savor of meat or food, cooked or cooking. [Obs.] Jer.Taylor.
NIDOROSE,Nidorous. [R.] Arbuthnot.
NIDOROUS,Resembling the smell or taste of roast meat, or of corruptanimal matter.
[R.]
NIDULANT,Lying loose in pulp or cotton within a berry or pericarp, as ina nest.
NIDULATE,To make a nest, as a bird. [R.] Cockeram.
NIDULATION,The time of remaining in the nest. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
NIDULITE,A Silurian fossil, formerly supposed to consist of eggs.
NIDUS,A nest: a repository for the eggs of birds, insects, etc.; abreeding place;
esp., the place or substance where parasites or thegerms of a disease effect
lodgment or are developed.
NIEF,See Neif, the fist.
NIELLIST,One who practices the style of ornamentation called niello.
NIELLO,A process, now no longer used, invented by J. N. Niepce, aFrench chemist, in
1829. It depends upon the action of light inrendering a thin layer of bitumen, with
which the plate is coated,insoluble.
NIFLE,A trifle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NIGGARD,A person meanly close and covetous; one who spends grudgingly;a stingy,
parsimonous fellow; a miser. Chaucer.A penurious niggard of his wealth. Milton.Be
niggards of advice on no pretense. Pope.
NIGGARDISE,Niggardliness. [Obs.] Spenser.
NIGGARDISH,Somewhat niggard.
NIGGARDLINESS,The quality or state of being niggard; meanness in giving orspending;
parsimony; stinginess.Niggardliness is not good husbandry. Addison.
NIGGARDLY,Meanly covetous or avarcious in dealing with others; stingy;niggard.Where
the owner of the house will be bountiful, it is not for thesteward to be niggardly.
Bp. Hall.
NIGGARDNESS,Niggardliness. Sir P. Sidney.
NIGGARDOUS,Niggardly. [Obs.]Covetous gathering and niggardous keeping. Sir T. More.
NIGGARDSHIP,Niggardliness. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
NIGGARDY,Niggardliness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NIGGED,Hammer-dressed; -- said of building stone.
NIGGER,A negro; -- in vulgar derision or depreciation.
NIGGERHEAD,A strong black chewing tobacco, usually in twisted plug form;negro head.
NIGGISH,Niggardly. [Obs.]
NIGGLE,To trifle with; to deceive; to mock. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
NIGGLER,One who niggles.
NIGGLING,Finicky or pottering work; specif. (Fine Arts),
NIGH,To draw nigh (to); to approach; to come near. [Obs.] Wyclif(Matt. iii. 2).
NIGHLY,In a near relation in place, time, degree, etc.; within alittle; almost.
[Obs.]A cube and a sphere ... nighly of the same bigness. Locke.
NIGHNESS,The quality or state of being nigh. [R.] "Nighness of blood."Holished.
NIGHT TERRORS,A sudden awkening associated with a sensation of terror,occurring in
children, esp. those of unstable nervous constitution.
NIGHT-BLOOMING,Blooming in the night. Night-blooming cereus. (Bot.) See Noteunder
Cereus.
NIGHT-EYED,Capable of seeing at night; sharp-eyed. "Your night-eyedTiberius." B.
Jonson.
NIGHT-FARING,Going or traveling in the night. Gay.
NIGHTDRESS,A nightgown.
NIGHTERTALE,period of night; nighttime. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NIGHTFALL,The close of the day. Swift.
NIGHTGOWN,A loose gown used for undress; also, a gown used for a sleepinggarnment.
NIGHTINGALE,A small, plain, brown and gray European song bird (Luscinialuscinia).
It sings at night, and is celebrated for the sweetness ofits song.
NIGHTISH,Of or pertaining to night.
NIGHTJAR,A goatsucker, esp. the European species. See Illust. ofGoatsucker.
NIGHTLESS,Having no night.
NIGHTLONG,Lasting all night.
NIGHTLY,Of or pertaining to the night, or to every night; happening ordone by
night, or every night; as, nightly shades; he kept nightlyvigils.
NIGHTMAN,One whose business is emptying privies by night.
NIGHTSHADE,A common name of many species of the genus Solanum, given esp.to the
Solanum nigrum, or black nightshade, a low, branching weedwith small white flowers
and black berries reputed to be poisonous.Deadly nightshade. Same as Belladonna
(a).-- Enchanter's nightshade. See under Enchanter.-- Stinking nightshade. See
Henbane.-- Three-leaved nightshade. See Trillium.
NIGHTSHIRT,A kind of nightgown for men.
NIGHTTIME,The time from dusk to dawn; -- opposed to Ant: daytime.
NIGHTWARD,Approaching toward night.
NIGRANILINE,The complex, nitrogenous, organic base and dyestuff called alsoaniline
black.
NIGRESCENT,Growing black; changing to a black color; approaching toblackness.
Johnson.
NIGRIFICATION,The act or process of making black. [R.] Johnson.
NIGRINE,A ferruginous variety of rutile.
NIGRITIC,Pertaining to, or having the characteristics of, negroes, or ofthe
Negritos, Papuans, and the Melanesian races; negritic.
NIGRITUDE,Blackness; the state of being black. Lamb.
NIGROMANCIE,Necromancy. [Obs.]
NIGROMANCIEN,A necromancer. [Obs.]These false enchanters or nigromanciens. Chaucer.
NIGROSINE,A dark blue dyestuff, of the induline group; -- called alsoazodiphenyl
blue.
NIGUA,The chigoe.
NIHIL,Nothing. Nihil album Etym: [L., white nothing] (Chem.), oxideof zinc. See
under Zinc.-- Nihil debet Etym: [L., he owes nothing] (Law), the general issuein
certain actions of debt.-- Nihil dicit Etym: [L., he says nothing] (Law), a
declinature bythe defendant to plead or answer. Tomlins.
NIHILISM,The theories and practices of the Nihilists.
NIHILIST,A member of a secret association (esp. in Russia), which isdevoted to the
destruction of the present political, religious, andsocial institutions.
NIHILISTIC,Of, pertaining to, or characterized by, nihilism.
NIHILITY,Nothingness; a state of being nothing.
NIL,Will not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NILE,The great river of Egypt. Nile bird. (Zoöl.) (a) The wryneck.[Prov. Eng.] (b)
The crocodile bird.-- Nile goose (Zoöl.), the Egyptian goose. See Note under Goose,
2.
NILGAU,see Nylghau.
NILL,Not to will; to refuse; to reject. [Obs.]Certes, said he, I nill thine offered
grace. Spenser.
NILOMETER,An instrument for measuring the rise of water in the Nileduring its
periodical flood.
NILOSCOPE,A Nilometer.
NILOTIC,Of or pertaining to the river Nile; as, the Nilotic crocodile.
NILT,Wilt not. [Obs.]
NIM,To take; to steal; to filch. [Obs.]This canon it in his hand nam. Chaucer.
NIMBIFEROUS,Serving to bring clouds or stormy weather.
NIMBLE,Light and quick in motion; moving with ease and celerity;lively;
swift.Through the mid seas the nimble pinnace sails. Pope.
NIMBLENESS,The quality of being nimble; lightness and quickness in motion;agility;
swiftness.
NIMBLESS,Nimbleness. [Obs.] Spenser.
NIMBLY,In a nimble manner; with agility; with light, quick motion.
NIMBOSE,Cloudy; stormy; tempestuous.
NIMBUS,A circle, or disk, or any indication of radiant light aroundthe heads of
divinities, saints, and sovereigns, upon medals,pictures, etc.; a halo. See
Aureola, and Glory, n., 5.
NIMIETY,State of being in excess. [R.]There is a nimiety, a too-muchess, in all
Germans. Coleridge.
NIMIOUS,Excessive; extravagant; inordinate. [Obs.]
NIMMER,A thief. [Obs.]
NIN,Not in. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NINCOMPOOP,A fool; a silly or stupid person. [Law]An old ninnyhammer, a dotard, a
nincompoop, is the best language shecan afford me. Addison.
NINE,Eight and one more; one less than ten; as, nine miles. Ninemen's morris. See
Morris.-- Nine points circle (Geom.), a circle so related to any giventriangle as
to pass through the three points in which theperpendiculars from the angles of the
triangle upon the oppositesides (or the sides produced) meet the sides. It also
passes throughthe three middle points of the sides of the triangle and through
thethree middle points of those parts of the perpendiculars that arebetween their
common point of meeting and the angles of the triangle.The circle is hence called
the nine points or six points circle.
NINE-BARK,A white-flowered rosaceous shrub (Neillia, or Spiræa,opulifolia), common
in the Northern United States. The bark separatesinto many thin layers, whence the
name.
NINE-EYES,The lamprey.
NINE-KILLER,The northern butcher bird.
NINEFOLD,Nine times repeated.
NINEHOLES,A game in which nine holes are made in the ground, into which aball is
bowled.
NINEPINS,A game played with nine pins, or pieces of wood, set on end, atwhich a
wooden ball is bowled to knock them down; bowling.
NINESCORE,Nine times twenty, or one hundred and eighty.-- n.
NINETEEN,Nine and ten; eighteen and one more; one less than twenty; as,nineteen
months.
NINETEENTH,An interval of two octaves and a fifth.
NINETY,Nine times ten; eighty-nine and one more; as, ninety men.
NINNY,A fool; a simpleton. Shak.
NINNYHAMMER,A simpleton; a silly person. [Colloq.] Addison.
NINTHLY,In the ninth place.
NINUT,The magpie. [Prov. Eng.]
NIOBATE,Same as Columbate.
NIOBE,The daughter of Tantalus, and wife of Amphion, king of Thebes.Her pride in
her children provoked Apollo and Diana, who slew themall. Niobe herself was changed
by the gods into stone.
NIOBIC,Same as Columbic.
NIOBITE,Same as Columbite.
NIOBIUM,A later name of columbium. See Columbium.
NIOPO,A kind of snuff prepared by the natives of Venezuela from theroasted seeds of
a leguminous tree (Piptadenia peregrina), thencecalled niopo tree.
NIP,A sip or small draught; esp., a draught of intoxicating liquor;a dram.
NIPPERKIN,A small cup. [Obs.]
NIPPERS,A device with fingers or jaws for seizing an object and holdingor conveying
it; as, in a printing press, a clasp for catching asheet and conveying it to the
form.
NIPPING,Biting; pinching; painful; destructive; as, a nipping frost; anipping wind.
NIPPINGLY,In a nipping manner.
NIPPITATE,Peculiary strong and good; -- said of ale or liquor. [Old Cant]'T will
make a cup of wine taste nippitate. Chapman.
NIPPITATO,Strong liquor. [Old Cant] Beau. & Fl.
NIPPLE,The protuberance through which milk is drawn from the breast ormamma; the
mammilla; a teat; a pap.
NIPPLEWORT,A yellow-flowered composite herb (Lampsana communis), formerlyused as an
external application to the nipples of women; -- calledalso dock-cress.
NIRVANA,In the Buddhist system of religion, the final emancipation ofthe soul from
transmigration, and consequently a beatificenfrachisement from the evils of wordly
existence, as by annihilationor absorption into the divine. See Buddhism.
NIS,Is not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NISAN,The first month of the jewish ecclesiastical year, formerlyanswering nearly
to the month of April, now to March, of theChristian calendar. See Abib.
NISEY,A simpleton. [Obs.]
NISI,Unless; if not.
NISTE,Wist not; knew not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NISUS,A striving; an effort; a conatus.A nisus or energizing towards a presented
object. Hickok.
NIT,The egg of a louse or other small insect. Nit grass (Bot.), apretty annual
European grass (Gastridium lendigerum), with smallspikelets somewhat resembling a
nit. It is also found in Californiaand Chili.
NITENCY,Brightness; luster. [R.]
NITHING,See Niding.
NITRANILIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a complex organic acidproduced as a
white crystalline substance by the action of nitrousacid on hydroquinone.
NITRANILINE,Any one of a series of nitro derivatives of aniline. In generalthey are
yellow crystalline substances.
NITRATE,A salt of nitric acid. Nitrate of silver, a white crystallinesalt (AgNO3),
used in photography and as a cauterizing agent; --called also lunar caustic.
NITRATED,Combined, or impregnated, with nitric acid, or some of itscompounds.
NITRATINE,A mineral occurring in transparent crystals, usually of awhite, sometimes
of a reddish gray, or lemon-yellow, color; nativesodium nitrate. It is used in
making nitric acid and for manure.Called also soda niter.
NITRE,See Niter.
NITRIARY,An artificial bed of animal matter for the manufacture of niterby
nitrification. See Nitrification, 2.
NITRIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrogen; specifically,designating any one
of those compounds in which, as contrasted withnitrous compounds, the element has a
higher valence; as, nitricoxide; nitric acid. Nitric acid, a colorless or yellowish
liquidobtained by distilling a nitrate with sulphuric acid. It ispowerfully
corrosive, being a strong acid, and in decomposition astrong oxidizer.-- Nitric
anhydride, a white crystalline oxide of nitrogen (N2O5),called nitric pentoxide,
and regarded as the anhydride of nitricacid.-- Nitric oxide, a colorless poisous
gas (NO) obtained by treatingnitric acid with copper. On contact with the air or
with oxygen, itbecomes reddish brown from the formation of nitric dioxide
orperoxide.
NITRIDE,A binary compound of nitrogen with a more metallic element orradical; as,
boric nitride.
NITRIFEROUS,Bearing niter; yielding, or containing, niter.
NITRIFIER,An agent employed in nitrification.
NITRIFY,To combine or impregnate with nitrogen; to convert, byoxidation, into
nitrous or nitric acid; to subject to, or produce by,nitrification.
NITRILE,Any one of a series of cyanogen compounds; particularly, one ofthose
cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by boiling with acids oralkalies, produce a
carboxyl acid, with the elimination of thenitrogen as ammonia.
NITRITE,A salt of nitrous acid. Amyl nitrite, a yellow oily volatileliquid, used in
medicine as a depressant and a vaso-dilator. Itsinhalation produces an
instantaneous flushing of the face.
NITRO-,A combining form (used also adjectively) designating certaincompounds of
nitrogen or of its acids, as nitrohydrochloric,nitrocalcite; also, designating the
group or radical NO2, or itscompounds, as nitrobenzene. Nitro group, the radical
NO2; -- calledalso nitroxyl.
NITRO-CHLOROFORM,Same as Chlorpicrin.
NITROBENZENE,A yellow aromatic liquid (C6H5.NO2), produced by the action ofnitric
acid on benzene, and called from its odor imitation oil ofbitter almonds, or
essence of mirbane. It is used in perfumery, andis manufactured in large quantities
in the preparation of aniline.Fornerly called also nitrobenzol.
NITROCALCITE,Nitrate of calcium, a substance having a grayish white color,occuring
in efforescences on old walls, and in limestone caves,especially where there exists
decaying animal matter.
NITROCARBOL,See Nitromethane.
NITROCELLULOSE,See Gun cotton, under Gun.
NITROFORM,A nitro derivative of methane, analogous to chloroform,obtained as a
colorless oily or crystalline substance, CH.(NO2)3,quite explosive, and having
well-defined acid properties.
NITROGELATIN,An explosive consisting of gun cotton and camphor dissolved
innitroglycerin. [Written also nitrogelatine.]
NITROGEN,A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless,comprising four
fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemicallyvery inert in the free state,
and as such is incapable of supportinglife (hence the name azote still used by
French chemists); but itforms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid,
thecyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues,animal or
vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14. It was formerlyregarded as a permanent
noncondensible gas, but was liquefied in 1877by Cailletet of Paris, and Pictet of
Geneva.
NITROGENIZE,To combine, or impregnate, with nitrogen or its compounds.
NITROGENOUS,of, pertaining to, or resembling, nitrogen; as, a nitrogenousprinciple;
nitrogenous compounds. Nitrogenous foods. See 2d Noteunder Food, n., 1.
NITROGLYCERIN,A liquid appearing like a heavy oil, colorless or yellowish,and
consisting of a mixture of several glycerin salts of nitric acid,and hence more
properly called glycerin nitrate. It is made by theaction of nitric acid on
glycerin in the presence of sulphuric acid.It is extremely unstable and terribly
explosive. A very dilutesolution is used in medicine as a neurotic under the name
of glonion.[Written also nitroglycerine.]
NITROHYDROCHLORIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitric and hydrochloricacids.
Nitrohydrochloric acid, a mixture of nitric and hydrochloricacids, usually in the
proportion of one part of the former to threeof the latter, and remarkable for its
solvent action on gold andplatinum; -- called also nitromuriatic acid, and aqua
regia.
NITROL,Any one of a series of hydrocarbons containing the nitro andthe nitroso or
isonitroso group united to the same carbon atom.
NITROLEUM,Nitroglycerin.
NITROLIC,of, derived from, or designating, a nitrol; as, a nitrolicacid.
NITROMAGNESITE,Nitrate of magnesium, a saline efflorescence closely
resemblingnitrate of calcium.
NITROMETER,An apparatus for determining the amount of nitrogen or some ofits
compounds in any substance subjected to analysis; an azotometer.
NITROMETHANE,A nitro derivative of methane obtained as a mobile liquid; --called
also nitrocarbol.
NITROMURIATIC,Of, pertaining to, or composed of, nitric acid and muriaticacid;
nitrohydrochloric. See Nitrohydrochloric.
NITROPHNOL,Any one of a series of nitro derivatives of phenol. They areyellow oily
or crystalline substances and have well-defined acidproperties, as picric acid.
NITROPRUSSIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, a complex acidcalled
nitroprussic acid, obtained indirectly by the action of nitricacid on potassium
ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate), as a redcrystalline unstable substance. It forms
salts called nitroprussides,which give a rich purple color with alkaline subphides.
NITROPRUSSIDE,See Nitroprussic.
NITROQUINOL,A hypothetical nitro derivative of quinol or hydroquinone, notknown in
the free state, but forming a well defined series ofderivatives.
NITROSACCHARIN,An explosive nitro derivative of certain sugars, analogous
tonitroglycerin, gun cotton, etc.
NITROSALICYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a nitro derivative ofsalicylic
acid, called also anilic acid.
NITROSE,See Nitrous.
NITROSO-,(. (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) designating thegroup or
radical NO, called the nitroso group, or its compounds.
NITROSYL,the radical NO, called also the nitroso group. The term issometimes
loosely used to designate certain nitro compounds; as,nitrosyl sulphuric acid. Used
also adjectively.
NITROSYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrosyl; as, nitrosylicacid.
NITROUS,Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of those compoundsin which
nitrogen has a relatively lower valence as contrasted withnitric compounds. Nitrous
acid (Chem.), a hypothetical acid ofnitrogen HNO2, not known in the free state, but
forming a well knownseries of salts, viz., the nitrites.-- Nitrous oxide. See
Laughing gas.
NITROXYL,The group NO2, usually called the nitro group.
NITRUM,Niter. Nitrum flammans Etym: [L., flaming niter] (Old Chem.),ammonium
nitrate; -- probably so called because it deflagerates whensuddenly heated.
NITRY,Nitrous. [Obs.]
NITRYL,A name sometimes given to the nitro group or radical.
NITTER,The horselouse; an insect that deposits nits on horses.
NITTILY,Lousily. [Obs.] Haywar
NITTINGS,The refuse of good ore. Raymond.
NITTY,Full of nits. B. Jonson.
NIVAL,Abounding with snow; snowy. [Obs.] Johnson.
NIVEOUS,Snowy; resembling snow; partaking of the qualities of snow. SirT. Browne.
NIVOSE,The fourth month of the French republican calendar [1792-1806].It commenced
December 21, and ended January 19. See VendÉmiaire.
NIX,One of a class of water spirits, commonly described as of amischievous
disposition.The treacherous nixes who entice men to a watery death. Tylor.
NIXIE CLERK,A post-office clerk in charge of the nixies.
NIXIE,See Nix.
NIZAM,The title of the native sovereigns of Hyderabad, in India,since 1719.
NO,Not any; not one; none.Let there be no strife ... between me and thee. Gen.
xiii. 8.That goodness is no name, and happiness no dream. Byron.
NOACHIAN,Of or pertaining to the patriarch Noah, or to his time.
NOAH,A patriarch of Biblical history, in the time of the Deluge.Noah's ark. (a)
(Zoöl.) A marine bivalve shell (Arca Noæ), whichsomewhat resembles an ark, or ship,
in form. (b) A child's toy,consisting of an ark-shaped box containing many
different woodenanimals.
NOB,The head. [Low]
NOBBILY,In a nobby manner. [Slang]
NOBBLER,A dram of spirits. [Australia]
NOBBY,Stylish; modish; elegant; showy; aristocratic; fashionable.[Slang]
NOBEL PRIZES,Prizes for the encouragement of men and women who work for
theinterests of humanity, established by the will of A. B. Nobel (1833-96), the
Swedish inventor of dynamite, who left his entire estate forthis purpose. They are
awarded yearly for what is regarded as themost important work during the year in
physics, chemistry, medicineor physiology, idealistic literature, and service in
the interest ofpeace. The prizes, averaging $40,000 each, were first awarded
in1901.
NOBILIARY,Of or pertaining to the nobility. Fitzed. Hall.
NOBILIFY,To make noble; to nobiliate. [Obs.]
NOBILITATE,To make noble; to ennoble; to exalt. [Obs.]
NOBILITATION,The act of making noble. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
NOBLE,A European fish; the lyrie.
NOBLE-MINDED,Having a noble mind; honorable; magnanimous.-- No"ble-mind`ed*ness, n.
NOBLEMAN,One of the nobility; a noble; a peer; one who enjoys rank abovea commoner,
either by virtue of birth, by office, or by patent.
NOBLENESS,The quality or state of being noble; greatness; dignity;magnanimity;
elevation of mind, character, or station; nobility;grandeur; stateliness.His
purposes are full honesty, nobleness, and integrity. Jer. Taylor.
NOBLEWOMAN,A female of noble rank; a peeress.
NOCAKE,Indian corn parched, and beaten to powder, -- used for food bythe Northern
American Indians.
NOCENT,A criminal. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
NOCENTLY,Hurtfully; injuriosly. [R.]
NOCIVE,Hurtful; injurious. [R.] Hooker.
NOCK,The upper fore corner of a boom sail or of a trysail.
NOCTAMBULATION,Somnambulism; walking in sleep. Quain.
NOCTAMBULISM,Somnambulism.
NOCTAMBULIST,A somnambulist.
NOCTAMBULO,A noctambulist. [Obs.]
NOCTIDIAL,Comprising a night and a day; a noctidial day. [R.] Holder.
NOCTIFEROUS,Bringing night. [Obs.] Johnson.
NOCTILIONID,A South American bat of the genus Noctilio, having cheekpouches and
large incisor teeth.
NOCTILUCA,That which shines at night; -- a fanciful name for phosphorus.
NOCTILUCIN,A fatlike substance in certain marine animals, to which theyowe their
phosphorescent properties.
NOCTILUCINE,Of or pertaining to Noctiluca.
NOCTILUCOUS,Shining in the night.
NOCTIVAGANT,Going about in the night; night-wandering.
NOCTIVAGATION,A roving or going about in the night. Gayton.
NOCTIVAGOUS,Noctivagant.
NOCTUARY,A record of what passes in the night; a nightly journal; --distinguished
from diary. [R.] Addison.
NOCTUID,Any one of numerous moths of the family Noctuidæ, orNoctuælitæ, as the
cutworm moths, and armyworm moths; -- so calledbecause they fly at night.-- a.
NOCTULE,A large European bat (Vespertilio, or Noctulina, altivolans).
NOCTURNAL,An instrument formerly used for taking the altitude of thestars, etc., at
sea. I. Watts.
NOCTURNALLY,By night; nightly.
NOCTURNE,A night piece, or serenade. The name is now used for a certaingraceful and
expressive form of instrumental composition, as thenocturne for orchestra in
Mendelsohn's "Midsummer-Night's Dream"music.
NOCUMENT,Harm; injury; detriment. [Obs.]
NOCUOUS,Hurtful; noxious. [R.] -- Noc"u*ous*ly, adv. [R.]
NODAL,Of the nature of, or relating to, a node; as, a nodal point.Nodal line, Nodal
point, in a vibrating plate or cord, that line orpoint which remains at rest while
the other parts of the body are ina state of vibration.
NODATED,Knotted. Nodated hyperbola (Geom.), a certain curve of thethird order
having two branches which cross each other, forming anode.
NODATION,Act of making a knot, or state of being knotted. [R.]
NODDER,One who nods; a drowsy person.
NODDING,Curved so that the apex hangs down; having the top bentdownward.
NODICAL,Of or pertaining to the nodes; from a node to the same nodeagain; as, the
nodical revolutions of the moon. Nodical month. SeeLunar month, under Month.
NODOSARINE,Resembling in form or structure a foraminiferous shell of thegenus
Nodosaria.-- n. (Zoöl.)
NODOSE,Having nodes or prominences; having the alternate jointsenlarged, as the
antennæ of certain insects.
NODOSITY,Nodose; knotty; knotted. [Obs.]
NODULAR,Of, pertaining to, or in the form of, a nodule or knot.
NODULE,A rounded mass or irregular shape; a little knot or lump.
NODULED,Having little knots or lumps.
NOEL,Same as Nowel.
NOEMATACHOGRAPH,An instrument for determining and registering the duration ofmore
or less complex operations of the mind. Dunglison.
NOEMICS,The science of the understanding; intellectual science.
NOETIAN,One of the followers of Noetus, who lived in the third century.He denied
the distinct personality of the Father, Son, and HolyGhost.
NOF,Not of; nor of. [Obs.]
NOG,A treenail to fasten the shores.
NOGGEN,Made of hemp; hence, hard; rough; harsh. [Obs.] Johnson.
NOGGING,Rough brick masonry used to fill in the interstices of a woodenframe, in
building.
NOGHT,Not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOIANCE,Annoyance. [Obs.] Tusser.
NOIE,To annoy. See Noy. [Obs.]
NOIER,An annoyer. [Obs.] Tusser.
NOIL,A short or waste piece or knot of wool separated from thelonger staple by
combing; also, a similar piece or shred of wastesilk.
NOILS,Waste and knots of wool removed by the comb; combings.
NOINT,To anoint. [Obs.] Sir T. North.
NOIOUS,Annoying; troublesome. [Obs.]
NOISE,To sound; to make a noise. Milton.
NOISEFUL,Loud; clamorous. [Obs.] Dryden.
NOISELESS,Making, or causing, no noise or bustle; without noise; silent;as, the
noiseless foot of time.So noiseless would I live. Dryden.-- Noise"less*ly, adv.--
Noise"less*ness, n.
NOISETTE,A hybrid rose produced in 1817, by a French gardener, Noisette,of
Charleston, South Carolina, from the China rose and the musk rose.It has given rise
to many fine varieties, as the Lamarque, theMarechal (or Marshal) Niel, and the
Cloth of gold. Most roses of thisclass have clustered flowers and are of vigorous
growth. P.Henderson.
NOISILY,In a noisy manner.
NOISINESS,The state or quality of being noisy.
NOL-PROS,To discontinue by entering a nolle prosequi; to decline toprosecute.
NOLDE,Would not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOLE,The head. [Obs.] Shak.
NOLI-ME-TANGERE,A name formerly applied to several varieties of ulcerouscutaneous
diseases, but now restricted to Lupus exedens, anulcerative affection of the nose.
NOLITION,Adverse action of will; unwillingness; -- opposed to Ant:volition.A
nolition and a direct enmity against the lust. Jer. Taylor.
NOLL,The head; the noddle. [Obs.]
NOLLE PROSEQUI,Will not prosecute; -- an entry on the record, denoting that
aplaintiff discontinues his suit, or the attorney for the public aprosecution;
either wholly, or as to some count, or as to some ofseveral defendants.
NOLLEITY,The state of being unwilling; nolition. [R.]
NOLO CONTENDERE,A plea, by the defendant, in a criminal prosecution, which,without
admitting guilt, subjects him to all the consequences of aplea of quilty.
NOLT,Neat cattle. [Prov. Eng.]
NOM,Name. Nom de guerre (, literally, war name; hence, a fictitiousname, or one
assumed for a time.-- Nom de plume (, literally, pen name; hence, a name assumed by
anauthor as his or her signature.
NOMA,See Canker, n., 1.
NOMAD,One of a race or tribe that has no fixed location, but wandersfrom place to
place in search of pasture or game.
NOMADE,See Nomad, n.
NOMADIAN,A nomad. [R.]
NOMADIC,Of or pertaining to nomads, or their way of life; wandering;moving from
place to place for subsistence; as, a nomadic tribe.-- No*mad"ic*al*ly, adv.
NOMADISM,The state of being a nomad.
NOMADIZE,To lead the life of a nomad; to wander with flocks and herdsfor the sake
of finding pasturage.The Vogules nomadize chiefly about the Rivers Irtish, Obi,
Kama, andVolga. W. Tooke.
NOMANCY,The art or practice of divining the destiny of persons by theletters which
form their names.
NOMARCH,The chief magistrate of a nome or nomarchy.
NOMARCHY,A province or territorial division of a kingdom, under the ruleof a
nomarch, as in modern Greece; a nome.
NOMBLES,The entrails of a deer; the umbles. [Written also numbles.]Johnson.
NOMBRIL,A point halfway between the fess point and the middle basepoint of an
escutcheon; -- called also navel point. See Escutcheon.
NOME,See Term.
NOMENCLATRESS,A female nomenclator.
NOMENCLATURAL,Pertaining or according to a nomenclature.
NOMIAL,A name or term.
NOMIC,Customary; ordinary; -- applied to the usual English spelling,in distinction
from strictly phonetic methods. H Sweet.-- n.
NOMINAL,A verb formed from a noun.
NOMINALISM,The principles or philosophy of the Nominalists.
NOMINALIST,One of a sect of philosophers in the Middle Ages, who adoptedthe opinion
of Roscelin, that general conceptions, or universals,exist in name only. Reid.
NOMINALISTIC,Of or pertaining to the Nominalists.
NOMINALIZE,To convert into a noun. [Obs.]
NOMINALLY,In a nominal manner; by name; in name only; not in reality.Burke.
NOMINATELY,By name; particularly; namely. [Obs.] Spelman.
NOMINATIVAL,Of or pertaining to the nominative case.
NOMINATIVE,Giving a name; naming; designating; -- said of that case orform of a
noun which stands as the subject of a finite verb.-- n.
NOMINATIVELY,In the manner of a nominative; as a nominative.
NOMINATOR,One who nominates.
NOMINEE,A person named, or designated, by another, to any office, duty,or position;
one nominated, or proposed, by others for office or forelection to office.
NOMINOR,A nominator. [Obs.] Bentham.
NOMOCRACY,Government in accordance with a system of law. Milman.
NOMOGRAPHY,A treatise on laws; an exposition of the form proper for laws.
NOMOPELMOUS,Having a separate and simple tendon to flex the first toe, orhallux, as
do passerine birds.
NOMOTHETE,A lawgiver. [R.]
NON ASSUMPSIT,The general plea or denial in an action of assumpsit.
NON EST FACTUM,The plea of the general issue in an action of debt on bond.
NON EST INVENTUS,The return of a sheriff on a writ, when the defendant is notfound
in his county. Bouvier.
NON LIQUET,It is not clear; -- a verdict given by a jury when a matter isto be
deferred to another day of trial.
NON OBSTANTE,A clause in old English statutes and letters patent, importinga
license from the crown to do a thing notwithstanding any statute tothe contrary.
This dispensing power was abolished by the Bill ofRights.In this very reign [Henry
III.] the practice of dispensing withstatutes by a non obstante was introduced.
Hallam.Non obstante veredicto Etym: [LL.] (Law), a judgment sometimesentered by
order of the court, for the plaintiff, notwithstanding averdict for the defendant.
Stephen.
NON PROSEQUITUR,A judgment entered against the plaintiff in a suit where hedoes not
appear to prosecute. See Nolle prosequi.
NON SEQUITUR,An inference which does not follow from the premises.
NON,No; not. See No, a. Chaucer.
NON-,A prefix used in the sense of not; un-; in-; as innonattention, or non-
attention, nonconformity, nonmetallic, nonsuit.
NON-EGO,The union of being and relation as distinguished from, andcontrasted with,
the ego. See Ego.
NON-EPISCOPAL,Not Episcopal; not pertaining to the Episcopal church orsystem.
NON-FEASANCE,An omission or neglect to do something, esp. that which oughtto have
been done. Cf. Malfeasance.
NON-PROS,To decline or fail to prosecute; to allow to be dropped (saidof a suit);
to enter judgment against (a plaintiff who fails toprosecute); as, the plaintiff
was non-prossed.
NONABILITY,An exception taken against a plaintiff in a cause, when he isunable
legally to commence a suit.
NONACCEPTANCE,A neglect or refusal to accept.
NONACID,Destitute of acid properties; hence, basic; metallic; positive;-- said of
certain atoms and radicals.
NONACQUAINTANCE,Want of acquaintance; the state of being unacquainted.
NONACQUIESCENCE,Refusal of acquiescence; failure to yield or comply.
NONADMISSION,Failure to be admitted.
NONADULT,Not adult; immature.
NONAEROBIOTIC,Capable of living without atmospheric oxygen; anaërobiotic.
NONAGE,The ninth part of movable goods, formerly payable to the clergyon the death
of persons in their parishes. Mozley & W.
NONAGED,Having the quality of nonage; being a minor; immature. W.Browne.
NONAGENARIAN,A person ninety years old.
NONAGESIMAL,Of or pertaining to the ninetieth degree or to a nonagesimal.
NONAGON,A figure or polygon having nine sides and nine angles.
NONAGRIAN,Any moth of the genus Nonagria and allied genera, as thespindleworm and
stalk borer.
NONALIENATION,Failure to alienate; also, the state of not being alienated.
NONANE,One of a group of metameric hydrocarbons C9H20 of the paraffinseries; -- so
called because of the nine carbon atoms in themolecule. Normal nonane is a
colorless volatile liquid, an ingredientof ordinary kerosene.
NONAPPEARANCE,Default of apperance, as in court, to prosecute or defend;failure to
appear.
NONAPPOINTMENT,Neglect of making appointment; failure to receive anappointment.
NONARRIVAL,Failure to arrive.
NONATTENDANCE,A failure to attend; omission of attendance; nonappearance.
NONATTENTION,Inattention.
NONBITUMINOUS,Containing no bitumen; not bituminous.
NONCE,The one or single occasion; the present call or purpose; --chiefly used in
the phrase for the nonce.The miller was a stout carl for the nones. Chaucer.And
that he calls for drink, I 'll have prepared him A chalice forthe nonce. Shak.Nonce
word, "a word apparently employed only for the nonce". Murray(New English Dict. ).
NONCHALANCE,Indifference; carelessness; coolness.
NONCHALANT,Indifferent; careless; cool.
NONCHALANTLY,In a nonchalant, indifferent, or careless manner; coolly.
NONCLAIM,A failure to make claim within the time limited by law;omission of claim.
NONCOHESION,Want of cohesion.
NONCOINCIDENCE,Lack of coincidence.
NONCOINCIDENT,Not coincident.
NONCOMBATANT,Any person connected with an army, or within the lines of anarmy, who
does not make it his business to fight, as any one of themedical officers and their
assistants, chaplains, and others; also,any of the citizens of a place occupied by
an army; also, any oneholding a similar position with respect to the navy.
NONCOMMISSIONED,Not having a commission. Noncommissioned officer (Mil.),
asubordinate officer not appointed by a commission from the chiefexecutive or
supreme authority of the State; but by the Secretary ofWar or by the commanding
officer of the regiment.
NONCOMMITTAL,A state of not being committed or pledged; forbearance orrefusal to
commit one's self. Also used adjectively.
NONCOMMUNION,Neglect or failure of communion.
NONCOMPLETION,Lack of completion; failure to complete.
NONCOMPLIANCE,Neglect of compliance; failure to comply.
NONCOMPLYING,Neglecting or refusing to comply.
NONCONCLUDING,Not concluding.
NONCONCUR,To dissent or refuse to concur.
NONCONCURRENCE,Refusal to concur.
NONCONDENSIBLE,Not condensible; incapable of being liquefied; -- said ofgases.
NONCONDENSING,Not condensing; discharging the steam from the cylinder at apressure
nearly equal to or above that of the atmosphere and not intoa condenser.
NONCONDUCTING,Not conducting; not transmitting a fluid or force; thus,
inelectricity, wax is a nonconducting substance.
NONCONDUCTION,The quality of not being able to conduct or transmit; failureto
conduct.
NONCONDUCTOR,A substance which does not conduct, that is, convey ortransmit, heat,
electricity, sound, vibration, or the like, or whichtransmits them with difficulty;
an insulator; as, wool is anonconductor of heat; glass and dry wood are
nonconductors ofelectricity.
NONCONFORMING,Not conforming; declining conformity; especially, notconforming to
the established church of a country.
NONCONFORMIST,One who does not conform to an established church; especially,one who
does not conform to the established church of England; adissenter.
NONCONFORMITY,Neglect or failure of conformity; especially, in England, theneglect
or refusal to unite with the established church in its ritesand modes of worship.
NONCONSTAT,It does not appear; it is not plain or clear; it does notfollow.
NONCONTAGIOUS,Not contagious; not catching; not communicable by contact.--
Non`con*ta"gious*ness, n.
NONCONTENT,One who gives a negative vote; -- sometimes abridged intononcon. or non
con.
NONDA,The edible plumlike fruit of the Australian tree, ParinariumNonda.
NONDECANE,A hydrocarbon of the paraffin series, a white waxy substance,C19H40; --
so called from the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
NONDECIDUATE,Characterized by the absence of a decidua; indeciduate.
NONDELIVERY,A neglect or failure of delivery; omission of delivery.
NONDEPOSITION,A failure to deposit or throw down.
NONDESCRIPT,Not hitherto described; novel; hence, odd; abnormal;unclassifiable.
NONDEVELOPMENT,Failure or lack of development.
NONDISCOVERY,Want or failure of discovery.
NONDO,A coarse umbelliferous plant (Ligusticum actæifolium) with alarge aromatic
root. It is found chiefly in the Alleghany region.Also called Angelico.
NONE,Same as Nones, 2.
NONEFFECTIVE,Not fit or available for duty.
NONELASTIC,Not having elasticity.
NONELECT,A person or persons not elected, or chosen, to salvation.
NONELECTION,Failure of election.
NONELECTRIC,A substance that is not an electric; that which transmitselectricity,
as a metal.
NONES,The fifth day of the months January, February, April, June,August, September,
November, and December, and the seventh day ofMarch, May, July, and October. The
nones were nine days before theides, reckoning inclusively, according to the Roman
method.
NONESSENTIAL,Not essential.
NONESUCH,A person or thing of a sort that there is no other such;something
extraordinary; a thing that has not its equal. It is givenas a name to various
objects, as to a choice variety of apple, aspecies of medic (Medicago lupulina), a
variety of pottery clay, etc.
NONETT,The titmouse. [Obs.]
NONEXECUTION,Neglect or failure of execution; nonperformance.
NONEXISTENT,Not having existence.
NONEXPORTATION,A failure of exportation; a not exporting of commodities.
NONEXTENSILE,Not extensile; incapable of being stretched.
NONFULFILLMENT,Neglect or failure to fulfill.
NONILLION,According to the French and American notation, a thousandoctillions, or a
unit with thirty ciphers annexed; according to theEnglish notation, a million
octillions, or a unit with fifty-fourciphers annexed. See the Note under
Numeration.
NONIMPORTATION,Want or failure of importation; a not importing of commodities.
NONIMPORTING,Not importing; not bringing from foreign countries.
NONINFLECTIONAL,Not admitting of, or characterized by, inflection.
NONINHABITANT,One who is not an inhabitant; a stranger; a foreigner; anonresident.
NONINTERVENTION,The state or habit of not intervening or interfering; as,
thenonintervention of one state in the affairs of another.
NONIUS,A vernier.
NONJOINDER,The omission of some person who ought to have been made aplaintiff or
defendant in a suit, or of some cause of action whichought to be joined.
NONJURANT,Nonjuring.
NONJURING,Not swearing allegiance; -- applied to the party in GreatBritain that
would not swear allegiance to William and Mary, or theirsuccessors.
NONJUROR,One of those adherents of James II. who refused to take theoath of
allegiance to William and Mary, or to their successors, afterthe revolution of
1688; a Jacobite.
NONJURORISM,The doctrines, or action, of the Nonjurors.
NONLIMITATION,Want of limitation; failure to limit.
NONMALIGNANT,Not malignant, as a disease.
NONMANUFACTURING,Not carrying on manufactures.
NONMEDULLATED,Not medullated; (Anat.) without a medulla or marrow, or withouta
medullary sheath; as, a nonmedullated nerve fiber.
NONMEMBER,One who is not a member.
NONMEMBERSHIP,State of not being a member.
NONMETAL,Any one of the set of elements which, as contrasted with themetals,
possess, produce, or receive, acid rather than basicproperties; a metalloid; as,
oxygen, sulphur, and chlorine arenonmetals.
NONMETALLIC,Resembling, or possessing the properties of, a nonmetal ormetalloid;
as, sulphur is a nonmetallic element.
NONMORAL,Not moral nor immoral; having no connection with morals; not inthe sphere
of morals or ethics; not ethical.
NONNATURAL,Not natural; unnatural.
NONNE,A nun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NONNECESSITY,Absence of necessity; the quality or state of beingunnecessary.
NONNITROGNOUS,Devoid of nitrogen; as, a nonnitrogenous principle; anonnitrogenous
food. See the Note under Food, n., 1.
NONNUCLEATED,Without a nucleus.
NONNY,A silly fellow; a ninny.
NONOBEDIENCE,Neglect of obedience; failure to obey.
NONOBSERVANCE,Neglect or failure to observe or fulfill.
NONOIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, nonane; as, nonoicacid, which is
also called pelargonic acid. Cf. Pelargonic.
NONONE,Any one of several metameric unsaturated hydrocarbons (C9H14)of the valylene
series.
NONOXYGENOUS,Without oxygen; characterized by the absence of oxygen; as,
anonoxygenous alkaloid.
NONPAREIL,A size of type next smaller than minion and next larger thanagate (or
ruby).
NONPAYMENT,Neglect or failure to pay.
NONPERFORMANCE,Neglect or failure to perform.
NONPHOTOBIOTIC,Capable of living without light; as, nonphotobiotic plantcells, or
cells which habitually live in darkness.
NONPLANE,Not lying in one plane; -- said of certain curves.
NONPLUS,A state or condition which daffles reason or confoundsjudgment; insuperable
difficalty; inability to proceed or decide;puzzle; quandary.Both of them are a
perfect nonplus and baffle to all humanunderstanding. South.
NONPREPARATION,Neglect or failure to prepare; want of preparation.
NONPRESENTATION,Neglect or failure to present; state of not being presented.
NONPRODUCTION,A failure to produce or exhibit.
NONPROFESSIONAL,Not belonging to a profession; not done by, or proceeding
from,professional men; contrary to professional usage.
NONPROFICIENCY,Want of proficiency; failure to make progress.
NONPROFICIENT,One who has failed to become proficient.
NONRECURRENT,Not recurring.
NONRECURRING,Nonrecurrent.
NONREGARDANCE,Want of due regard; disregard; slight. [Obs.] Shak.
NONREGENT,A master of arts whose regency has ceased. See Regent.
NONRENDITION,Neglect of rendition; the not rendering what is due.The nonrendition
of a service which is due. S. E. Dwight.
NONRESEMBLANCE,Want of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilarity.
NONRESIDENCE,The state or condition of being nonresident, Swift.
NONRESIDENT,Not residing in a particular place, on one's own estate, or inone's
proper place; as, a nonresident clergyman or proprietor oflands.
NONRESISTANCE,The principles or practice of a nonresistant; passiveobedience;
submission to authority, power, oppression, or violencewithout opposition.
NONRESISTANT,Making no resistance.
NONRESISTING,Not making resistance.
NONRUMINANT,Not ruminating; as, a nonruminant animal.
NONSANE,Unsound; not perfect; as, a person of nonsane memory.Blackstone.
NONSENSICAL,Without sense; unmeaning; absurb; foolish; irrational;preposterous.--
Non*sen"si*cal*ly, adv.-- Non*sen"si*cal*ness, n.
NONSENSITIVE,Not sensitive; wanting sense or perception; not easilyaffected.
NONSEXUAL,Having no distinction of sex; sexless; neuter.
NONSLAVEHOLDING,Not possessing or holding slaves; as, a nonslaveholding State.
NONSOLUTION,Failure of solution or explanation.
NONSOLVENCY,Inability to pay debts; insolvency.
NONSOLVENT,Not solvent; insolvent.
NONSONANT,Not sonant.-- n.
NONSPARING,Sparing none.
NONSTRIATED,Without striations; unstriped; as, nonstriated muscle fibers.
NONSUBMISSION,Want of submission; failure or refusal to submit.
NONSUBMISSIVE,Not submissive.
NONSUCH,See Nonesuch.
NONSUIT,A neglect or failure by the plaintiff to follow up his suit; astopping of
the suit; a renunciation or withdrawal of the cause bythe plaintiff, either because
he is satisfied that he can not supportit, or upon the judge's expressing his
opinion. A compulsory nonsuitis a nonsuit ordered by the court on the ground that
the plaintiff onhis own showing has not made out his case.
NONSURETY,Insecurity. [Obs.]
NONTENURE,A plea of a defendant that he did not hold the land, asaffirmed.
NONTERM,A vacation between two terms of a court.
NONTOXIC,Not toxic.
NONTRONITE,A greenish yellow or green mineral, consisting chiefly of thehydrous
silicate of iron.
NONUNIFORMIST,One who believes that past changes in the structure of theearth have
proceeded from cataclysms or causes more violent than arenow operating; -- called
also nonuniformitarian.
NONUNIONIST,One who does not belong, or refuses to belong, to a tradesunion.
NONUSANCE,Neglect of using; failure to use. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
NONUSER,Neglect or omission to use an easement or franchise or toassert a right.
Kent.
NONVASCULAR,Destitute of vessels; extravascular.
NONVERNACULAR,Not vernacular.A nonvernacular expression. Sir W. Hamilton.
NONVOCAL,Not vocal; destitute of tone.-- n.
NONYL,The hydrocarbon radical, C9H19, derived from nonane and formingmany
compounds. Used also adjectively; as, nonyl alcohol.
NONYLENE,Any one of a series of metameric, unsaturated hydrocarbonsC9H18 of the
ethylene series.
NONYLENIC,Of, pertaining to, related to, or designating, nonylene or itscompounds;
as, nonylenic acid.
NONYLIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, nonyl or its compounds; as,nonylic acid.
NOODLE,A simpleton; a blockhead; a stupid person; a ninny. [Low]The chuckling grin
of noodles. Sydney Smith.
NOOK,A narrow place formed by an angle in bodies or between bodies;a corner; a
recess; a secluded retreat.How couldst thou find this dark, sequestered nook
Milton.
NOOK-SHOTTEN,Full of nooks, angles, or corners. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]That nook-
shotten isle of Albion. Shak.
NOON,No. See the Note under No. [Obs.]
NOON-FLOWER,The goat's beard, whose flowers close at midday.
NOONDAY,Midday; twelve o'clock in the day; noon.
NOONING,A rest at noon; a repast at noon.
NOONSHUN,See Nunchion. Nares.
NOONSTEAD,The position of the sun at noon. [Obs.] Drayton.
NOONTIDE,The time of noon; midday.
NOOSE,A running knot, or loop, which binds the closer the more it isdrawn.
NOOT,See lst Not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOPAL,A cactaceous plant (Nopalea cochinellifera), originallyMexican, on which the
cochineal insect feeds, and from which it iscollected. The name is sometimes given
to other species of Cactaceæ.
NOPALRY,A plantation of the nopal for raising the cochineal insect.
NOPE,A bullfinch. [Prov. Eng.]
NOR,A negative connective or particle, introducing the secondmember or clause of a
negative proposition, following neither, ornot, in the first member or clause (as
or in affirmative propositionsfollows either). Nor is also used sometimes in the
first member forneither, and sometimes the neither is omitted and implied by the
useof nor.Provide neither gold nor silver, nor brass, in your purses, nor scripfor
your journey. Matt. x. 9, 10.Where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt. Matt. vi.
20.I love him not, nor fear him. Shak.Where neither party is nor true, nor kind.
Shak.Simois nor Xanthus shall be wanting there. Dryden.
NORBERTINE,See Premonstrant.
NORFOLK JACKET,A kind of loose-fitting plaited jacket, having a loose belt.
NORFOLK PLOVER,The stone curlew.
NORFOLK SPANIEL,One of a breed of field spaniels similar to the clumbers,
butshorter in body and of a liver-and-white or black-and-white color.
NORFOLK,Short for Norfolk Jacket.
NORIA,A large water wheel, turned by the action of a stream againstits floats, and
carrying at its circumference buckets, by which wateris raised and discharged into
a trough; used in Arabia, China, andelsewhere for irrigating land; a Persian wheel.
NORIAN,Pertaining to the upper portion of the Laurentian rocks. T. S.Hunt.
NORICE,Nurse. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NORIE,The cormorant. [Prov. Eng.]
NORIMON,A Japanese covered litter, carried by men. B. Taylor.
NORITE,A granular crystalline rock consisting essentially of atriclinic feldspar
(as labradorite) and hypersthene.
NORIUM,A supposed metal alleged to have been discovered in zircon.
NORLANDER,A northener; a person from the north country.
NORM,A typical, structural unit; a type. Agassiz.
NORMAL,According to a square or rule; perpendicular; forming a rightangle.
Specifically: Of or pertaining to a normal.
NORMALCY,The quality, state, or fact of being normal; as, the point ofnormalcy.
[R.]
NORMALIZATION,Reduction to a standard or normal state.
NORMALLY,In a normal manner. Darwin.
NORMAN,A wooden bar, or iron pin. W. C. Russell.
NORMANISM,A Norman idiom; a custom or expression peculiar to the Normans.M. Arnold.
NOROPIANIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the aromaticseries
obtained from opianic acid.
NORROY,The most northern of the English Kings-at-arms. See King-at-arms, under
King.
NORSE,Of or pertaining to ancient Scandinavia, or to the languagespoken by its
inhabitants.
NORSEMAN,One of the ancient Scandinavians; a Northman.
NORTELRY,Nurture; education; culture; bringing up. [Obs.]Nortelry . . . learned at
the nunnery. Chaucer.
NORTH STAR STATE,Minnesota; -- a nickname.
NORTH,Lying toward the north; situated at the north, or in a northerndirection from
the point of observation or reckoning; proceedingtoward the north, or coming from
the north. North following. SeeFollowing, a., 2.-- North pole, that point in the
heavens, or on the earth, ninetydegrees from the equator toward the north.-- North
preceding. See Following, a., 2.-- North star, the star toward which the north pole
of the earthvery nearly points, and which accordingly seems fixed and immovablein
the sky. The star a (alpha) of the Little Bear, is our presentnorth star, being
distant from the pole about 1º 25', and from yearto year approaching slowly nearer
to it. It is called also Cynosura,polestar, and by astronomers, Polaris.
NORTHEAST,The point between the north and east, at an equal distance fromeach; the
northeast part or region.
NORTHEASTER,A storm, strong wind, or gale, coming from the northeast.
NORTHEASTERLY,Pertaining to the northeast; toward the northeast, or comingfrom the
northeast.
NORTHEASTERN,Of or pertaining to the northeast; northeasterly.
NORTHER,A wind from the north; esp., a strong and cold north wind inTexas and the
vicinity of the Gulf of Mexico.
NORTHERLINESS,The quality or state of being northerly; direction toward thenorth.
NORTHERLY,Of or pertaining to the north; toward the north, or from thenorth;
northern.
NORTHERNLY,Northerly. [Obs.] Hakewill.
NORTHERNMOST,Farthest north.
NORTHING,Distance northward from any point of departure or of reckoning,measured on
a meridian; -- opposed to Ant: southing.
NORTHMAN,One of the inhabitants of the north of Europe; esp., one of theancient
Scandinavians; a Norseman.
NORTHMOST,Lying farthest north; northernmost.Northmost part of the coast of
Mozambique. De Foe.
NORTHNESS,A tendency in the end of a magnetic needle to point to thenorth. Faraday.
NORTHUMBRIAN,Of or pertaining to Northumberland in England.-- n.
NORTHWARD,Toward the north; nearer to the north than to the east or westpoint.
NORTHWARDLY,Having a northern direction.
NORTHWEST,The point in the horizon between the north and west, andequally distant
from each; the northwest part or region.
NORTHWESTER,A storm or gale from the northwest; a strong northwest wind.
NORTHWESTERLY,Toward the northwest, or from the northwest.
NORTHWESTERN,Of, pertaining to, or being in, the northwest; in a directiontoward
the northwest; coming from the northwest; northwesterly; as, anorthwestern course.
NORWEGIAN,Of or pertaining to Norway, its inhabitants, or its language.
NORWEGIUM,A rare metallic element, of doubtful identification, said tooccur in the
copper-nickel of Norway.
NORWEYAN,Norwegian. [Obs.] Shak.
NOSE,The prominent part of the face or anterior extremity of thehead containing the
nostrils and olfactory cavities; the olfactoryorgan. See Nostril, and Olfactory
organ under Olfactory.
NOSEBAG,A bag in which feed for a horse, ox, or the like, may befastened under the
nose by a string passing over the head.
NOSEBAND,That part of the headstall of a bridle which passes over ahorse's nose.
NOSEBLEED,The yarrow. See Yarrow.
NOSED,Having a nose, or such a nose; -- chieflay used in composition;as, pug-nosed.
NOSEGAY,A bunch of odorous and showy flowers; a bouquet; a posy. Pope.
NOSEL,To nurse; to lead or teach; to foster; to nuzzle. [Obs.]If any man use the
Scripture . . . to nosel thee in anything save inChrist, he is a false prophet.
Tyndale.
NOSELESS,Destitute of a nose.
NOSESMART,A kind of cress, a pungent cruciferous plant, including severalspecies of
the genus Nasturtium.
NOSING,That part of the treadboard of a stair which projects over theriser; hence,
any like projection, as the projecting edge of amolding.
NOSLE,Nozzle. [Obs.]
NOSOCOMIAL,Of or pertaining to a hospital; as, nosocomial atmosphere.Dunglison.
NOSOGRAPHY,A description or classification of diseases.
NOSOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to nosology.
NOSOLOGIST,One versed in nosology.
NOSOPHEN,An iodine compound obtained as a yellowish gray, odorless,tasteless powder
by the action of iodine on phenolphthalein.
NOSOPHOBIA,Morbid dread of disease.
NOSOPOETIC,Producing diseases. [R.] Arbuthnot.
NOST,Wottest not; knowest not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOSTALGIA,Homesickness; esp., a severe and sometimes fatal form ofmelancholia, due
to homesickness.
NOSTALGIC,Of or pertaining to nostalgia; affected with nostalgia.
NOSTALGY,Same as Nostalgia.
NOSTOC,A genus of algæ. The plants are composed of moniliform cellsimbedded in a
gelatinous substance.
NOSTRIL,One of the external openings of the nose, which give passage tothe air
breathed and to secretions from the nose and eyes; one of theanterior nares.
NOT,Wot not; know not; knows not. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOTABILIA,Things worthy of notice.
NOTABLE,One of a number of persons, before the revolution of 1789,chiefly of the
higher orders, appointed by the king to constitute arepresentative body.
NOTABLENESS,The quality of being notable.
NOTABLY,In a notable manner.
NOTAEUM,The back or upper surface, as of a bird.
NOTAL,Of or pertaining to the back; dorsal.
NOTANDUM,A thing to be noted or observed; a notable fact; -- chieflyused in the
plural.
NOTARIAL,Of or pertaining to a notary; done or taken by a notary; as, anotarial
seal; notarial evidence or attestation.
NOTARIALLY,In a notarial manner.
NOTARY,A public officer who attests or certifies deeds and otherwritings, or copies
of them, usually under his official seal, to makethem authentic, especially in
foreign countries. His duties chieflyrelate to instruments used in commercial
transactions, such asprotests of negotiable paper, ship's papers in cases of loss,
damage,etc. He is generally called a notary public.
NOTATE,Marked with spots or lines, which are often colored. Henslow.
NOTCHBOARD,The board which receives the ends of the steps in a staircase.
NOTCHING,A method of joining timbers, scantling, etc., by notching them,as at the
ends, and overlapping or interlocking the notched portions.
NOTCHWEED,A foul-smelling weed, the stinking goosefoot (ChenopodiumVulvaria).
NOTE PAPER,Writing paper, not exceeding in size, when folded once, five byeight
inches.
NOTE,To butt; to push with the horns. [Prov. Eng.]
NOTED,Well known by reputation or report; eminent; celebrated; as, anoted author,
or traveler.-- Not"ed*ly, adv.-- Not"ed*ness, n.
NOTEFUL,Useful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOTELESS,Not attracting notice; not conspicuous.Noteless as the race from which he
sprung. Sir W. Scott.
NOTELESSNESS,A state of being noteless.
NOTELET,A little or short note; a billet.
NOTEWORTHY,Worthy of observation or notice; remarkable.
NOTHER,Neither; nor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOTHING,A cipher; naught. Nothing but, only; no more than. Chaucer.-- To make
nothing of. (a) To make no difficulty of; to consider astrifling or important. "We
are industrious to preserve our bodiesfrom slavery, but we make nothing of
suffering our souls to be slavesto our lusts." Ray. (b) Not to understand; as, I
could make nothingof what he said.
NOTHINGARIAN,One of no certain belief; one belonging to no particular sect.
NOTHINGISM,Nihility; nothingness. [R.]
NOTICEABLE,Capable of being observed; worthy of notice; likely to
attractobservation; conspicous.A noticeable man, with large gray eyes. Wordsworth.
NOTICEABLY,In a noticeable manner.
NOTICER,One who notices.
NOTIDANIAN,Any one of several species of sharks of the family Notidanidæ,or
Hexanchidæ. Called also cow sharks. See Shark.
NOTIONALITY,A notional or groundless opinion. [R.] Glanvill.
NOTIONALLY,In mental apprehension; in conception; not in reality.Two
faculties . . . notionally or really distinct. Norris.
NOTIONATE,Notional. [R.]
NOTIONIST,One whose opinions are ungrounded notions. [R.] Bp. Hopkins.
NOTIST,An annotator. [Obs.]
NOTOBRANCHIATE,Of or pertaining to the Notobranchiata.
NOTOCHORD,An elastic cartilagelike rod which is developed beneath themedullary
groove in the vertebrate embryo, and constitutes theprimitive axial skeleton around
which the centra of the vertebræ andthe posterior part of the base of the skull are
developed; the chordadorsalis. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
NOTOCHORDAL,Of or pertaining to the notochord; having a notochord.
NOTODONTIAN,Any one of several species of bombycid moths belonging toNotodonta,
Nerice, and allied genera. The caterpillar of these mothshas a hump, or spine, on
its back.
NOTOPODIUM,The dorsal lobe or branch of a parapodium. See Parapodium.
NOTORHIZAL,Having the radicle of the embryo lying against the back of oneof the
cotyledons; incumbent.
NOTORIETY,The quality or condition of being notorious; the state of beinggenerally
or publicly known; -- commonly used in an unfavorablesense; as, the notoriety of a
crime.They were not subjects in their own nature so exposed to publicnotoriety.
Addison.
NOTORIOUS,Generally known and talked of by the public; universallybelieved to be
true; manifest to the world; evident; -- usually in anunfavorable sense; as, a
notorious thief; a notorious crime or vice.Your goodness, Since you provoke me,
shall be most notorious. Shak.
NOTORNIS,A genus of birds allied to the gallinules, but havingrudimentary wings and
incapable of flight. Notornis Mantelli wasfirst known as a fossil bird of New
Zealand, but subsequently a fewindividuals were found living on the southern
island. It is supposedto be now nearly or quite extinct.
NOTOTHERIUM,An extinct genus of gigantic herbivorous marsupials, found inthe
Pliocene formation of Australia.
NOTOTREMA,The pouched, or marsupial, frog of South America.
NOTSELF,The negative of self. "A cognizance of notself." Sir. W.Hamilton.
NOTT,Shorn. [Obs.]
NOTT-HEADED,Having the hair cut close. [Obs.] Chapman.
NOTTURNO,Same as Nocturne.
NOTUM,The back.
NOTUS,The south wind.
NOTWHEAT,Wheat not bearded. Carew.
NOTWITHSTANDING,Without prevention, or obstruction from or by; in spite of.We
gentil women bee Loth to displease any wight, Notwithstanding ourgreat right.
Chaucer's Dream.Those on whom Christ bestowed miraculous cures were so
transportedthat their gratitude made them, notwithstanding his prohibition,proclaim
the wonders he had done. Dr. H. More.
NOUCH,An ouch; a jewel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOUGAT,A cake, sweetmeat, or confectión made with almonds or othernuts.
NOUGHT,See Naught. Chaucer.
NOULD,Would not. [Obs.] "By those who nould repent." Fairfax.
NOULE,The top of the head; the head or noll. [Obs.] Spenser.
NOUMENAL,Of or pertaining to the noumenon; real; -- opposed tophenomenal. G. H.
Lewes.
NOUMENON,The of itself unknown and unknowable rational object, or thingin itself,
which is distinguished from the Ant: phenomenon throughwhich it is apprehended by
the senses, and by which it is interpretedand understood; -- so used in the
philosophy of Kant and hisfollowers.
NOUN,A word used as the designation or appellation of a creature orthing, existing
in fact or in thought; a substantive.
NOUNAL,Of or pertaining to a noun.Verbs which in whole or in part have shed their
old nounal coat.Earle.
NOUNIZE,To change (an adjective, verb, etc.) into a noun. Earle.
NOURICE,A nurse. [Obs.] Spenser.
NOURISH,A nurse. [Obs.] Hoolland.
NOURISHER,One who, or that which, nourishes. Milton.
NOURISHING,Promoting growth; nutritious,
NOURISHINGLY,Nutritively; cherishingly.
NOURITURE,Nurture. [Obs.] Spenser.
NOURSLE,To nurse; to rear; to bring up. [Obs.] [Written also nosel,nousel, nousle,
nowsle, nusle, nuzzle, etc.]She noursled him till years he raught. Spenser.
NOUS,Intellect; understanding; talent; -- used humorously.
NOVA,A new star, usually appearing suddenly, shining for a briefperiod, and then
sinking into obscurity. Such appearances aresupposed to result from cosmic
collisions, as of a dark star withinterstellar nebulosities. The most important
modern novæ are: --No"va Co*ro"næ Bo`re*a"lis [1866]; No"va Cyg"ni [1876];
No"vaAn*dro"me*dæ [1885]; No"va Au*ri"gæ [1891-92]; No"va Per"se*i [1901].There are
two novæ called Nova Persei. They are:(a) A small nova which appeared in 1881.(b)
An extraordinary nova which appeared in Perseus in 1901. It wasfirst sighted on
February 22, and for one night (February 23) was thebrightest star in the sky. By
July it had almost disappeared, afterwhich faint surrounding nebulous masses were
discovered, apparentlymoving radially outward from the star at incredible velocity.
NOVACULITE,A variety of siliceous slate, of which hones are made; razorstone;
Turkey stone; hone stone; whet slate.
NOVATIAN,One of the sect of Novatius, or Novatianus, who held that thelapsed might
not be received again into communion with the church,and that second marriages are
unlawful.
NOVATIANISM,The doctrines or principles of the Novatians. Milner.
NOVATION,A substitution of a new debt for an old one; also, theremodeling of an old
obligation.
NOVATOR,An innovator. [Obs.]
NOVEL,Of recent origin or introduction; not ancient; new; hence, outof the ordinary
course; unusual; strange; surprising.
NOVELETTE,A short novel.
NOVELISM,Innovation. [Obs.]
NOVELIST,A writer of news. [Obs.] Tatler (178).
NOVELIZE,To innovate. [Obs.]
NOVELRY,Novelty; new things. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOVEMBER,The eleventh month of the year, containing thirty days.
NOVENARY,Of or pertaining to the number nine.
NOVENE,Relating to, or dependent on, the number nine; novenary. [R.]The triple and
novene division ran throughout. Milman.
NOVENNIAL,Done or recurring every ninth year.
NOVERCAL,Done or recurring every ninth year.
NOVICE,One who enters a religious house, whether of monks or nuns, asa
probationist. Shipley.No poore cloisterer, nor no novys. Chaucer.
NOVICESHIP,The state of being a novice; novitiate.
NOVILUNAR,Of or pertaining to the new moon. [R.]
NOVITIOUS,Newly invented; recent; new. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
NOVITY,Newness; novelty. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
NOVUM,A game at dice, properly called novem quinque (L., nine five),the two
principal throws being nine and five. [Obs.] Shak.
NOW,Existing at the present time; present. [R.] "Our nowhappiness." Glanvill.
NOWADAYS,In these days; at the present time.What men of spirit, nowadays, Come to
give sober judgment of newplays Garrick.
NOWCH,See Nouch. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOWD,The European gray gurnard (Trigla gurnardus). [Written alsoknoud.]
NOWED,Knotted; tied in a knot, as a serpent.
NOWEL,A kind of hymn, or canticle, of mediæval origin, sung in honorof the Nativity
of our Lord; a Christmas carol. Grove.
NOWES,The marriage knot. [Obs.] Crashaw.
NOWHERE,Not anywhere; not in any place or state; as, the book isnowhere to be
found.
NOWHITHER,Not anywhither; in no direction; nowhere. [Archaic] "Thyservant went
nowhither." 2 Kings v. 25.
NOWISE,Not in any manner or degree; in no way; noways.Others whose case is nowise
different. Earle.
NOWT,Neat cattle.
NOWTHE,See Nouthe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOY,To annoy; to vex. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Piers Plowman.All that noyed his heavy
spright. Spenser.
NOYADE,A drowning of many persons at once, -- a method of executionpracticed at
Nantes in France during the Reign of Terror, by JeanBaptiste Carrier.
NOYANCE,, Annoyance. [Obs.] Spenser.
NOYAU,A cordial of brandy, etc., flavored with the kernel of thebitter almond, or
of the peach stone, etc.
NOYER,An annoyer. [Obs.] Tusser.
NOYFUL,Full of annoyance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
NOYLS,See Noils.
NOYOUS,Annoying; disagreeable. [Obs.]Watch the noyous night, and wait for Spenser.
NOZLE,Nozzle. [Obs.]
NUANCE,A shade of difference; a delicate gradation.
NUB,To push; to nudge; also, to beckon. [Prov. Eng.]
NUBBIN,A small or imperfect ear of maize. [Colloq. U. S.]
NUBBLE,To beat or bruise with the fist. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
NUBECULA,Specifically, the Magellanic clouds.
NUBIA,A light fabric of wool, worn on the head by women; a cloud.
NUBIAN,Of or pertaining to Nubia in Eastern Africa.-- n.
NUBIFEROUS,Bringing, or producing, clouds.
NUBIGENOUS,Born of, or produced from, clouds. [R.]
NUBILATE,To cloud. [Obs.]
NUBILE,Of an age suitable for marriage; marriageable. Prior.
NUBILITY,The state of being marriageable. [R.]
NUCAMENT,A catkin or ament; the flower cluster of the hazel, pine,willow, and the
like.
NUCAMENTACEOUS,Like a nut either in structure or in being indehiscent; bearingone-
seeded nutlike fruits. [Written also nucumentaceous.]
NUCELLUS,See Nucleus, 3 (a).
NUCHA,The back or upper part of the neck; the nape.
NUCHAL,Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the back, or nape, ofthe neck; --
applied especially to the anterior median plate in thecarapace of turtles.
NUCIFEROUS,Bearing, or producing, nuts.
NUCIFORM,Shaped like a nut; nut-shaped.
NUCIN,See Juglone.
NUCLEATE,Having a nucleus; nucleated.
NUCLEATED,Having a nucleus; nucleate; as, nucleated cells.
NUCLEIFORM,Formed like a nucleus or kernel.
NUCLEIN,A constituent of the nuclei of all cells. It is a colorlessamorphous
substance, readily soluble in alkaline fluids andespecially characterized by its
comparatively large content ofphosphorus. It also contains nitrogen and sulphur.
NUCLEOBRANCH,Belonging to the Nucleobranchiata.-- n.
NUCLEOBRANCHIATA,See Heteropoda.
NUCLEOIDIOPLASMA,Hyaline plasma contained in the nucleus of vegetable cells.
NUCLEOLAR,Of or pertaining to the nucleolus of a cell.
NUCLEOLATED,Having a nucleole, or second inner nucleus.
NUCLEOLE,The nucleus within a nucleus; nucleolus.
NUCLEOLUS,A small rounded body contained in the nucleus of a cell or aprotozoan.
NUCLEOPLASM,The matter composing the nucleus of a cell; the protoplasm ofthe
nucleus; karyoplasma.
NUCLEOPLASMIC,Of or pertaining to nucleoplasm; -- esp. applied to a bodyformed in
the developing ovum from the plasma of the nucleus of thegerminal vesicle.
NUCLEUS,The body or the head of a comet.
NUCULA,A genus of small marine bivalve shells, having a pearlyinterior.
NUCULE,Same as Nutlet.
NUCUMENTACEOUS,See Nucamentaceous.
NUDATION,The act of stripping, or making bare or naked.
NUDDLE,To walk quickly with the head bent forward; -- often withalong. [Prov. Eng.]
NUDE,Naked; without consideration; void; as, a nude contract. SeeNudum pactum.
Blackstone. The nude, the undraped human figure in art.-- Nude"ly, adv.- Nude"ness,
n.
NUDGE,To touch gently, as with the elbow, in order to call attentionor convey
intimation.
NUDIBRACHIATE,Having tentacles without vibratile cilia. Carpenter.
NUDIBRANCH,Of or pertaining to the Nudibranchiata.-- n.
NUDIBRANCHIATA,A division of opisthobranchiate mollusks, having no shellexcept
while very young. The gills are naked and situated upon theback or sides. See
Ceratobranchia.
NUDIBRANCHIATE,Same as Nudibranch.
NUDICAUL,Having the stems leafless.
NUDIFICATION,The act of making nude.
NUDUM PACTUM,A bare, naked contract, without any consideration. Tomlins.
NUGACITY,Futility; trifling talk or behavior; drollery. [R.] Dr. H.More.
NUGAE,Trifles; jests.
NUGATION,The act or practice of trifling. [R.] Bacon.
NUGGET,A lump; a mass, esp. a native lump of a precious metal; as, anugget of gold.
NUGIFY,To render trifling or futile; to make silly. [R.] Coleridge.
NUISANCE,That which annoys or gives trouble and vexation; that which isoffensive or
noxious.
NUISANCER,One who makes or causes a nuisance.
NUL,No; not any; as, nul disseizin; nul tort.
NULL,Of no legal or binding force or validity; of no efficacy;invalid; void;
nugatory; useless.Faultily faultless, icily regular, splendidly null, Dead
perfection;no more. Tennyson.
NULLAH,A water course, esp. a dry one; a gully; a gorge; -- orig. anEast Indian
term. E. Arnold.
NULLED,Turned so as to resemble nulls. Nulled work (Cabinetwork),ornamental turned
work resembling nulls or beads strung on a rod.
NULLIBIETY,The state or condition of being nowhere. [Obs.]
NULLIFICATION,The act of nullifying; a rendering void and of no effect, or ofno
legal effect. Right of nullification (U. S. Hist.), the rightclaimed in behalf of a
State to nullify or make void, by itssovereign act or decree, an enactment of the
general government whichit deems unconstitutional.
NULLIFIDIAN,Of no faith; also, not trusting to faith for salvation; --opposed to
Ant: solifidian. Feltham.
NULLIFIER,One who nullifies or makes void; one who maintains the right tonullify a
contract by one of the parties.
NULLIFY,To make void; to render invalid; to deprive of legal force orefficacy.Such
correspondence would at once nullify the conditions of theprobationary system. I.
Taylor.
NULLIPORE,A name for certain crustaceous marine algæ which secretecarbonate of lime
on their surface, and were formerly thought to beof animal nature. They are now
considered corallines of the generaMelobesia and Lithothamnion.
NULLITY,Nonexistence; as, a decree of nullity of marriage is a decreethat no legal
marriage exists.
NUMB,To make numb; to deprive of the power of sensation or motion;to render
senseless or inert; to deaden; to benumb; to stupefy.For lazy winter numbs the
laboring hand. Dryden.Like dull narcotics, numbing pain. Tennyson.
NUMBEDNESS,Numbness. [Obs.] Wiseman.
NUMBER,The distinction of objects, as one, or more than one (in somelanguages, as
one, or two, or more than two), expressed (usually) bya difference in the form of a
word; thus, the singular number and theplural number are the names of the forms of
a word indicating theobjects denoted or referred to by the word as one, or as more
thanone.
NUMBERER,One who numbers.
NUMBERFUL,Numerous. [Obs.]
NUMBERLESS,Innumerable; countless.
NUMBEROUS,Numerous. [Obs.] Drant.
NUMBERS,of Number. The fourth book of the Pentateuch, containing thecensus of the
Hebrews.
NUMBFISH,The torpedo, which numbs by the electric shocks which it gives.
NUMBLESS,See Nombles.
NUMBNESS,The condition of being numb; that state of a living body inwhich it loses,
wholly or in part, the power of feeling or motion.
NUMERABLE,Capable of being numbered or counted.
NUMERALLY,According to number; in number; numerically.
NUMERARY,Belonging to a certain number; counting as one of a collectionor body.A
supernumerary canon, when he obtains a prebend, becomes a numerarycanon. Ayliffe.
NUMERATE,To divide off and read according to the rules of numeration;as, to
numerate a row of figures.
NUMERATIVE,Of or pertaining to numeration; as, a numerative system. Eng.Cyc.
NUMERATOR,The term in a fraction which indicates the number of fractionalunits that
are taken.
NUMERIC,Any number, proper or improper fraction, or incommensurableratio. The term
also includes any imaginary expression like m + nsq.root-1, where m and n are real
numerics.
NUMERICALLY,In a numerical manner; in numbers; with respect to number, orsameness
in number; as, a thing is numerically the same, ornumerically different.
NUMERIST,One who deals in numbers. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
NUMERO,Number; -- often abbrev. No.
NUMIDIAN,Of or pertaining to ancient Numidia in Northern Africa.Numidian crane.
(Zoöl.) See Demoiselle, 2.
NUMISMATICS,The science of coins and medals.
NUMISMATIST,One skilled in numismatics; a numismatologist.
NUMISMATOGRAPHY,A treatise on, or description of, coins and medals.
NUMISMATOLOGIST,One versed in numismatology.
NUMISMATOLOGY,The science which treats of coins and medals, in their relationto
history; numismatics.
NUMMARY,Of or relating to coins or money.
NUMMULATION,The arrangement of the red blood corpuscles in rouleaux, likepiles of
coins, as when a drop of human blood is examined under themicroscope.
NUMMULITE,A fossil of the genus Nummulites and allied genera.
NUMMULITES,A genus of extinct Tertiary Foraminifera, having a thin, flat,round
shell, containing a large number of small chambers arrangedspirally.
NUMMULITIC,Of, like, composed of, containing, nummulites; as, nummuliticbeds.
NUMPS,A dolt; a blockhead. [Obs.] Bp. Parker.
NUMSKULL,A dunce; a dolt; a stupid fellow. [Colloq.]They have talked like
numskulls. Arbuthnot.
NUMSKULLED,Stupid; doltish. [Colloq.]
NUNATAK,In Greenland, an insular hill or mountain surrounded by an icesheet.
NUNC DIMITTIS,The song of Simeon (Luke ii. 29-32), used in the ritual of
manychurches. It begins with these words in the Vulgate.
NUNCHION,A portion of food taken at or after noon, usually between fullmeals; a
luncheon. [Written also noonshun.] Hudibras.
NUNCIATE,One who announces; a messenger; a nuncio. [Obs.] Hoole.
NUNCIATURE,The office of a nuncio. Clarendon.
NUNCUPATION,The act of nuncupating. [Obs.]
NUNCUPATORY,Nuncupative; oral.
NUNDINAL,A nundinal letter.
NUNDINATE,To buy and sell at fairs or markets. [Obs.]
NUNDINATION,Traffic at fairs; marketing; buying and selling. [Obs.]Common
nundination of pardons. Abp. Bramhall.
NUNNATION,The pronunciation of n at the end of words.
NUNNERY,A house in which nuns reside; a cloister or convent in whichwomen reside
for life, under religious vows. See Cloister, andConvent.
NUNNISH,Of, pertaining to, or resembling a nun; characteristic of anun.--
Nun"nish*ness, n.
NUP,Same as Nupson. [Obs.]
NUPHAR,A genus of plants found in the fresh-water ponds or lakes ofEurope, Asia,
and North America; the yellow water lily. Cf. Nymphaea.
NUPSON,A simpleton; a fool. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
NUPTIAL,Of or pertaining to marriage; done or used at a wedding; as,nuptial rites
and ceremonies.Then, all in heat, They light the nuptial torch. Milton.
NUR,A hard knot in wood; also, a hard knob of wood used by boys inplaying hockey.I
think I'm as hard as a nur, and as tough as whitleather. W. Howitt.
NURL,To cut with reeding or fluting on the edge of, as coins, theheads of screws,
etc.; to knurl.
NURSE,A lieutenant or first officer, who is the real commander whenthe captain is
unfit for his place.
NURSEHOUND,See Houndfish.
NURSEMAID,A girl employed to attend children.
NURSEPOND,A pond where fish are fed. Walton.
NURSER,One who nurses; a nurse; one who cherishes or encouragesgrowth.
NURSERYMAN,One who cultivates or keeps a nursery, or place for rearingtrees, etc.
NURSING,Supplying or taking nourishment from, or as from, the breast;as, a nursing
mother; a nursing infant.
NURSLING,One who, or that which, is nursed; an infant; a fondling.I was his
nursling once, and choice delight. Milton.
NURSTLE,To nurse. See Noursle. [Obs.]
NUSTLE,To fondle; to cherish. [Obs.]
NUT,The fruit of certain trees and shrubs (as of the almond,walnut, hickory, beech,
filbert, etc.), consisting of a hard andindehiscent shell inclosing a kernel.
NUT-BROWN,Brown as a nut long kept and dried. "The spicy nutbrown ale."Milton.
NUTANT,Nodding; having the top bent downward.
NUTATION,A very small libratory motion of the earth's axis, by which itsinclination
to the plane of the ecliptic is constantly varying by asmall amount.
NUTGALL,A more or less round gall resembling a nut, esp. one of thoseproduced on
the oak and used in the arts. See Gall, Gallnut.
NUTHATCH,Any one of several species of birds of the genus Sitta, as theEuropean
species (Sitta Europæa). The white-breasted nuthatch (S.Carolinensis), the red-
breasted nuthatch (S. Canadensis), the pygmynuthatch (S. pygmæa), and others, are
American.
NUTJOBBER,The nuthatch. [Prov. Eng.]
NUTLET,A small nut; also, the stone of a drupe.
NUTMEG,The kernel of the fruit of the nutmeg tree (Myristicafragrans), a native of
the Molucca Islands, but cultivated elsewherein the tropics.
NUTMEGGED,Seasoned with nutmeg.
NUTPECKER,The nuthatch.
NUTRIA,The fur of the coypu. See Coypu.
NUTRICATION,The act or manner of feeding. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
NUTRIENT,Nutritious; nourishing; promoting growth.-- n.
NUTRIMENTAL,Nutritious.
NUTRITIAL,Pertaining to, or connected with, nutrition; nutritious. [Obs.]Chapman.
NUTRITION,In the broadest sense, a process or series of processes bywhich the
living organism as a whole (or its component parts ororgans) is maintained in its
normal condition of life and growth.
NUTRITIONAL,Of or pertaining to nutrition; as, nutritional changes.
NUTRITIOUS,Nourishing; promoting growth, or preventing decay; alimental.--
Nu*tri"tious*ly, adv.-- Nu*tri"tious*ness, n.
NUTRITIVE,Of or pertaining to nutrition; as, the nutritive functions;having the
quality of nourishing; nutritious; nutrimental; alimental;as, nutritive food or
berries. Nutritive plasma. (Biol.) SeeIdioplasma.-- Nutritive polyp (Zoöl.), any
one of the zooids of a compoundhydroid, or coral, which has a mouth and digestive
cavity.-- Nu"tri*tive*ly, adv.-- Nu"tri*tive*ness, n.
NUTRITURE,Nutrition; nourishment. [Obs.] Harvey.
NUTSHELL,A shell of the genus Nucula. To be, or lie, in a nutshell, tobe within a
small compass; to admit of very brief or simpledetermination or statement. "The
remedy lay in a nutshell." Macaulay.
NUTTER,A gatherer of nuts.
NUTTING,The act of gathering nuts.
NUX VOMICA,The seed of Strychnos Nuxvomica, a tree which abounds on theMalabar and
Coromandel coasts of the East Indies. From this seed thedeadly poisons known as
strychnine and brucine are obtained. Theseeds are sometimes called Quaker buttons.
NUZZLE,To nestle; to house, as in a nest.
NY,Not I; nor I. [Obs.]
NYAS,See Nias.
NYCTALOPS,One afflicted with nyctalopia.
NYCTALOPY,Same as Nyctalopia.
NYCTHEMERON,The natural day and night, or space of twenty-four hours.
NYCTIBUNE,A South American bird of the genus Nyctibius, allied to thegoatsuckers.
NYCTITROPIC,Turning or bending at night into special positions.
NYCTITROPISM,The tendency of certain plant organs, as leaves, to assumespecial
"sleeping" positions or make curvatures under the influenceof darkness. It is well
illustrated in the leaflets of clover andother leguminous plants.
NYCTOPHILE,Any Australian bat of the genus Nyctophilus, having a verysimple nasal
appendage.
NYE,A brood or flock of pheasants.
NYENTEK,A carnivorous mannual (Helictis moscatus, or H. orientalis),native of
Eastern Asia and the Indies. It has a dorsal white stripe,and another one across
the shoulders. It has a strong musky odor.
NYMPH,A goddess of the mountains, forests, meadows, or waters.Where were ye,
nymphs, when the remorseless deep Closed o'er the headof your loved Lycidas Milton.
NYMPHA,Same as Nymph, 3.
NYMPHAEA,A genus of aquatic plants having showy flowers (white, blue,pink, or
yellow, often fragrant), including the white water lily andthe Egyptia lotus.
NYMPHAL,Of or pertaining to a nymph or nymphs; nymphean.
NYMPHALES,An extensive family of butterflies including the nymphs, thesatyrs, the
monarchs, the heliconias, and others; -- called alsobrush-footed butterflies.
NYMPHEAN,Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, nymphs; inhabited bynymphs; as, a
nymphean cave.
NYMPHET,A little or young nymph. [Poetic] "The nymphets sportingthere." Drayton.
NYMPHIPAROUS,Producing pupas or nymphs.
NYMPHISH,Relating to nymphs; ladylike. "Nymphish war." Drayton.
NYMPHOLEPSY,A species of demoniac enthusiasm or possession coming upon onewho had
accidentally looked upon a nymph; ecstasy. [R.] De Quincey.The nympholepsy of some
fond despair. Byron.
NYMPHOLEPTIC,Under the influence of nympholepsy; ecstatic; frenzied.[Poetic]
NYMPHOMANIA,Morbid and uncontrollable sexual desire in women, constitutinga true
disease.
NYMPHOMANY,Same as Nymphomania.
NYMPHOTOMY,Excision of the nymphæ.
NYS,Is not. See Nis. Chaucer. Spenser.
NYSTAGMUS,A rapid involuntary oscillation of the eyeballs.
NYULA,A species of ichneumon (Herpestes nyula). Its fur isbeautifully variegated by
closely set zigzag markings.
O,A prefix to Irish family names, which signifies grandson ordescendant of, and is
a character of dignity; as, O'Neil, O'Carrol.
OAD,See Woad. [Obs.] Coles.
OAF,Originally, an elf's child; a changeling left by fairies orgoblins; hence, a
deformed or foolish child; a simpleton; an idiot.
OAFISH,Like an oaf; simple.-- Oaf"ish*ness, n.
OAK,Any tree or shrub of the genus Quercus. The oaks have alternateleaves, often
variously lobed, and staminate flowers in catkins. Thefruit is a smooth nut, called
an acorn, which is more or lessinclosed in a scaly involucre called the cup or
cupule. There are nowrecognized about three hundred species, of which nearly fifty
occurin the United States, the rest in Europe, Asia, and the other partsof North
America, a very few barely reaching the northern parts ofSouth America and Africa.
Many of the oaks form forest trees of grandproportions and live many centuries. The
wood is usually hard andtough, and provided with conspicuous medullary rays,
forming thesilver grain.
OAKEN,Made or consisting of oaks or of the wood of oaks. "In oakenbower."
Milton.Oaken timber, wherewith to build ships. Bacon.
OAKER,See Ocher. [Obs.] Spenser.
OAKLING,A young oak. Evelyn.
OAKY,Resembling oak; strong. Bp. Hall.
OAR,An oarlike swimming organ of various invertebrates. Oar cock(Zoöl), the water
rail. [Prov. Eng.] -- Spoon oar, an oar having theblade so curved as to afford a
better hold upon the water in rowing.-- To boat the oars, to cease rowing, and lay
the oars in the boat.-- To feather the oars. See under Feather., v. t.-- To lie on
the oars, to cease pulling, raising the oars out ofwater, but not boating them; to
cease from work of any kind; to beidle; to rest.-- To muffle the oars, to put
something round that part which restsin the rowlock, to prevent noise in rowing.--
To put in one's oar, to give aid or advice; -- commonly used of aperson who
obtrudes aid or counsel not invited.-- To ship the oars, to place them in the
rowlocks.-- To toss the oars, To peak the oars, to lift them from therowlocks and
hold them perpendicularly, the handle resting on thebottom of the boat.-- To trail
oars, to allow them to trail in the water alongside ofthe boat.-- To unship the
oars, to take them out of the rowlocks.
OAR-FOOTED,Having feet adapted for swimming.
OARFISH,The ribbon fish.
OARFOOT,Any crustacean of the genus Remipes.
OARLESS,Without oars. Sylvester.
OARLOCK,The notch, fork, or other device on the gunwale of a boat, inwhich the oar
rests in rowing. See Rowlock.
OARSMAN,One who uses, or is skilled in the use of, an oar; a rower.
OARSWEED,Any large seaweed of the genus Laminaria; tangle; kelp. SeeKelp.
OARY,Having the form or the use of an oar; as, the swan's oary feet.Milton.
Addison.
OASIS,A fertile or green spot in a waste or desert, esp. in a sandydesert.
OAST,A kiln to dry hops or malt; a cockle. Mortimer.
OATCAKE,A cake made of oatmeal.
OATH,An appeal (in verification of a statement made) to a superiorsanction, in such
a form as exposes the party making the appeal to anindictment for perjury if the
statement be false.
OATHABLE,Capable of having an oath administered to. [Obs.] Shak.
OATHBREAKING,The violation of an oath; perjury. Shak
OATMEAL,A plant of the genus Panicum; panic grass.
OB-,A prefix signifying to, toward, before, against, reversely,etc.; also, as a
simple intensive; as in oblige, to bind to;obstacle, something standing before;
object, lit., to throw against;obovate, reversely, ovate. Ob- is commonly
assimilated before c, f,g, and p, to oc-, of-, og-, and op-.
OBBE,See Obi.
OBCOMPRESSED,Compressed or flattened antero-posteriorly, or in a wayopposite to the
usual one.
OBCORDATE,Heart-shaped, with the attachment at the pointed end; inverselycordate:
as, an obcordate petal or leaf.
OBDIPLOSTEMONOUS,Having twice as many stamens as petals, those of the outer
setbeing opposite the petals; -- said of flowers. Gray.
OBDIPLOSTEMONY,The condition of being obdiplostemonous.
OBDORMITION,Sleep. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
OBDUCE,To draw over, as a covering. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
OBDUCT,To draw over; to cover. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
OBDUCTION,.The act of drawing or laying over, as a covering. [Obs.]
OBDURACY,The duality or state of being obdurate; invincible hardness ofheart;
obstinacy. "Obduracy and persistency." Shak.The absolute completion of sin in final
obduracy. South.
OBDURATE,To harden. [Obs.]
OBDURATION,A hardening of the heart; hardness of heart. [Obs.]
OBDURE,To harden. [Obs.] Milton.
OBE,See Obi.
OBEAH,Same as Obi.-- a.
OBEDIBLE,Obedient. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
OBEDIENCIARY,One yielding obedience. [Obs.] Foxe.
OBEDIENT,Subject in will or act to authority; willing to obey;submissive to
restraint, control, or command.And floating straight, obedient to the stream.
Shak.The chief his orders gives; the obedient band, With due observance,wait the
chief's command. Pope.
OBEDIENTIAL,According to the rule of obedience. [R.]An obediental subjection to the
Lord of Nature. Sir M. Hale.
OBEDIENTLY,In an obedient manner; with obedience.
OBEISANCY,See Obeisance. [Obs.]
OBEISANT,Ready to obey; reverent; differential; also, servilelysubmissive.
OBELION,The region of the skull between the two parietal foramina wherethe closure
of the sagittal suture usually begins.
OBELISCAL,Formed like an obelisk.
OBELISK,A mark of reference; -- called also dagger [&dag;]. See Dagger,n., 2.
OBELIZE,To designate with an obelus; to mark as doubtful or spirituous.[R.]
OBELUS,A mark [thus ---, or ÷]; -- so called as resembling a needle.In old MSS. or
editions of the classics, it marks suspected passagesor readings.
OBEQUITATE,To ride about. [Obs.] -- Ob*eq`ui*ta"tion, n. [Obs.] Cockerman.
OBERON,The king of the fairies, and husband of Titania or Queen Mab.Shak.
OBERRATION,A wandering about. [Obs.] Jonhson.
OBESE,Excessively corpulent; fat; fleshy.
OBESENESS,Quality of being obese; obesity.
OBESITY,The state or quality of being obese; incumbrance of flesh.
OBEY,To give obedience.Will he obey when one commands Tennyson.
OBEYER,One who yields obedience. Holland.
OBEYINGLY,Obediently; submissively.
OBFIRMATION,Hardness of heart; obduracy. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
OBFUSCATE,Obfuscated; darkened; obscured. [Obs.] [Written alsooffuscate.] Sir. T.
Elyot.
OBFUSCATION,The act of darkening or bewildering; the state of beingdarkened.
"Obfuscation of the cornea." E. Darwin.
OBIISM,Belief in, or the practice of, the obi superstitions and rites.
OBIMBRICATE,Imbricated, with the overlapping ends directed downward.
OBITER,In passing; incidentally; by the way. Obiter dictum (Law), anincidental and
collateral opinion uttered by a judge. See Dictum, n.,2(a).
OBITUAL,Of or pertaining to obits, or days when obits are celebrated;as, obitual
days. Smart.
OBITUARILY,In the manner of an obituary.
OBITUARY,Of or pertaining to the death of a person or persons; as, anobituary
notice; obituary poetry.
OBJECT,To make opposition in words or argument; -- usually followed byto. Sir. T.
More.
OBJECTABLE,Such as can be presented in opposition; that may be put forwardas an
objection. [R.]
OBJECTIFY,To cause to become an object; to cause to assume the characterof an
object; to render objective. J. D. Morell.
OBJECTIONABLE,Liable to objection; likely to be objected to or disapprovedof;
offensive; as, objectionable words.-- Ob*jec"tion*a*bly, adv.
OBJECTIST,One who adheres to, or is skilled in, the objective philosophy.Ed. Rev.
OBJECTIVATE,To objectify.
OBJECTIVATION,Converting into an object.
OBJECTIVE,Of or pertaining to an object; contained in, or having thenature or
position of, an object; outward; external; extrinsic; -- anepithet applied to
whatever ir exterior to the mind, or which issimply an object of thought or
feeling, and opposed to subjective.In the Middle Ages, subject meant substance, and
has this sense inDescartes and Spinoza: sometimes, also, in Reid. Subjective is
usedby William of Occam to denote that which exists independent of mind;objective,
what is formed by the mind. This shows what is meant byrealitas objectiva in
Descartes. Kant and Fichte have inverted themeanings. Subject, with them, is the
mind which knows; object, thatwhich is known; subjective, the varying conditions of
the knowingmind; objective, that which is in the constant nature of the thingknown.
Trendelenburg.Objective means that which belongs to, or proceeds from, the
objectknown, and not from the subject knowing, and thus denotes what isreal, in
opposition to that which is ideal -- what exists in nature,in contrast to what
exists merely in the thought of the individual.Sir. W. Hamilton.Objective has come
to mean that which has independent exostence orauthority, apart from our experience
or thought. Thus, moral law issaid to have objective authority, that is, authority
belonging toitself, and not drawn from anything in our nature. Calderwood(Fleming's
Vocabulary).
OBJECTIVELY,In the manner or state of an object; as, a determinate ideaobjectively
in the mind.
OBJECTIVENESS,Objectivity.Is there such a motion or objectiveness of external
bodies, whichproduceth light Sir M. Hale
OBJECTIVITY,The state, quality, or relation of being objective; characterof the
object or of the objective.The calm, the cheerfulness, the disinterested
objectivity havedisappeared [in the life of the Greeks]. M. Arnold.
OBJECTIZE,To make an object of; to regard as an object; to place in theposition of
an object.In the latter, as objectized by the former, arise the emotions
andaffections. Coleridge.
OBJECTLESS,Having no object; purposeless.
OBJECTOR,One who objects; one who offers objections to a proposition ormeasure.
OBJIBWAYS,See Chippeways.
OBJICIENT,One who makes objection; an objector. [R.] Cardinal Wiseman.
OBJURATION,A binding by oath. [R.] Abp. Bramhall.
OBJURGATE,To chide; to reprove.
OBJURGATION,The act of objurgating; reproof.While the good lady was bestowing this
objurgation on Mr.Ben Allen.Dickens.With a strong objurgation of the elbow in his
ribs. Landor.
OBJURGATORY,Designed to objurgate or chide; containing or expressingreproof;
culpatory. Bancroft.The objurgatory question of the Pharisees. Paley.
OBLANCEOLATE,Lanceolate in the reversed order, that is, narrowing toward thepoint
of attachment more than toward the apex.
OBLATE,Flattened or depressed at the poles; as, the earth is an oblatespheroid.
OBLATENESS,The quality or state of being oblate.
OBLATIONER,One who makes an offering as an act worship or reverence. Dr.H. More.
OBLATRATE,To bark or snarl, as a dog. [Obs.]
OBLATRATION,The act of oblatrating; a barking or snarling. Bp. Hall.
OBLATUM,An oblate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of anellipse about
its minor axis. Cf. Oblongum.
OBLECTATE,To delight; to please greatly. [Obs.]
OBLECTATION,The act of pleasing highly; the state of being greatly pleased;delight.
[R.] Feltham.
OBLIGABLE,Acknowledging, or complying with, obligation; trustworthy. [R.]The main
difference between people seems to be, that one man can comeunder obligations on
which you can rely, -- is obligable; and anotheris not. Emerson.
OBLIGATION,A bond with a condition annexed, and a penalty fornonfulfillment. In a
larger sense, it is an acknowledgment of a dutyto pay a certain sum or do a certain
things. Days of obligation. Seeunder Day.
OBLIGATO,See Obbligato.
OBLIGATORILY,In an obligatory manner; by reason of obligation. Foxe.
OBLIGATORINESS,The quality or state of being obligatory.
OBLIGATORY,Binding in law or conscience; imposing duty or obligation;requiring
performance or forbearance of some act; -- often followedby on or upon; as,
obedience is obligatory on a soldier.As long as the law is obligatory, so long our
obedience is due. Jer.Taylor.
OBLIGEE,The person to whom another is bound, or the person to whom abond is given.
Blackstone.
OBLIGEMENT,Obligation. [R.]I will not resist, therefore, whatever it is, either of
divine orhuman obligement, that you lay upon me. Milton.
OBLIGER,One who, or that which, obliges. Sir H. Wotton.
OBLIGING,Putting under obligation; disposed to oblige or do favors;hence, helpful;
civil; kind.Mons.Strozzi has many curiosities, and is very obliging to a
strangerwho desires the sight of them. Addison.
OBLIGOR,The person who binds himself, or gives his bond to another.Blackstone.
OBLIQUE,An oblique line.
OBLIQUE-ANGLED,Having oblique angles; as, an oblique-angled triangle.
OBLIQUELY,In an oblique manner; not directly; indirectly. "Truthobliquely leveled."
Bp. Fell.Declining from the noon of day, The sun obliquely shoots his burningray.
PopeHis discourse tends obliquely to the detracting from others. Addison.
OBLIQUENESS,Quality or state of being oblique.
OBLITE,Indistinct; slurred over. [Obs.] "Obscure and oblite mention."Fuller.
OBLITERATE,Scarcely distinct; -- applied to the markings of insects.
OBLITERATION,The act of obliterating, or the state of being obliterated;extinction.
Sir. M. Hale.
OBLITERATIVE,Tending or serving to obliterate.
OBLOCUTOR,A disputer; a gainsayer. [Obs.] Bale.
OBLONG,Having greater length than breadth, esp. when rectangular.
OBLONG-OVATE,Between oblong and ovate, but inclined to the latter.
OBLONGATA,The medulla oblongata. B. G. Wilder.
OBLONGATAL,Of or pertaining to the medulla oblongata; medullar.
OBLONGISH,Somewhat oblong.
OBLONGLY,In an oblong form.
OBLONGNESS,State or quality of being oblong.
OBLONGUM,A prolate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of anellipse
about its greater axis. Cf. Oblatum, and see Ellipsoid ofrevolution, under
Ellipsoid.
OBLOQUIOUS,Containing obloquy; reproachful [R.] Naunton.
OBLUCTATION,A struggle against; resistance; opposition. [Obs.] Fotherby.
OBNUBILATE,To cloud; to obscure. [Obs.] Burton.-- Ob*nu"bi*la"tion, n. [Obs.]
Beddoes.
OBOE,One of the higher wind instruments in the modern orchestra, yetof great
antiquity, having a penetrating pastoral quality of tone,somewhat like the clarinet
in form, but more slender, and sounded bymeans of a double reed; a hautboy. Oboe
d'amore Etym: [It., lit.,oboe of love], and Oboe di caccia Etym: [It., lit., oboe
of thechase], are names of obsolete modifications of the oboe, often foundin the
scores of Bach and Handel.
OBOIST,A performer on the oboe.
OBOLARY,Possessing only small coins; impoverished. [R.] Lamb.
OBOLE,A weight of twelve grains; or, according to some, of tengrains, or half a
scruple. [Written also obol.]
OBOLIZE,See Obelize.
OBOLO,A copper coin, used in the Ionian Islands, about one cent invalue.
OBOMEGOID,Obversely omegoid.
OBOVAL,Obovate.
OBOVATE,Inversely ovate; ovate with the narrow end downward; as, anobovate leaf.
OBREPTION,The obtaining gifts of escheat by fraud or surprise. Bell.
OBREPTITIOUS,Done or obtained by surprise; with secrecy, or by concealmentof the
truth. [R.] Cotgrave.
OBROGATE,To annul indirectly by enacting a new and contrary law, insteadof by
expressly abrogating or repealing the old one. [Obs.] Bailey.
OBSCENITY,That quality in words or things which presents what isoffensive to
chasity or purity of mind; obscene or impure lanquage oracts; moral impurity;
lewdness; obsceneness; as, the obscenity of aspeech, or a picture.Mr.Cowley asserts
plainly, that obscenity has no place in wit.Dryden.No pardon vile obscenity should
find. Pope.
OBSCURANT,One who obscures; one who prevents enlightenment or hinders theprogress
of knowledge and wisdom. Coleridge.
OBSCURANTISM,The system or the principles of the obscurants. C. Kingsley.
OBSCURANTIST,Same as Obscurant. Ed. Rev.
OBSCURATION,The act or operation of obscuring; the state of being obscured;as, the
obscuration of the moon in an eclipse. Sir J. Herschel.
OBSCURE,To render obscure; to darken; to make dim; to keep in the dark;to hide; to
make less visible, intelligible, legible, glorious,beautiful, or illustrious.They
are all couched in a pit hard by Herne's oak, with obscuredlights. Shak.Why, 't is
an office of discovery, love, And I should be obscured.Shak.There is scarce any
duty which has been so obscured by the writingsof learned men as this. Wake.And
seest not sin obscures thy godlike frame Dryden.
OBSCURELY,In an obscure manner. Milton.
OBSCUREMENT,The act of obscuring, or the state of being obscured;obscuration.
Pomfret.
OBSCURENESS,Obscurity. Bp. Hall.
OBSCURER,One who, or that which, obscures.
OBSCURITY,The quality or state of being obscure; darkness;
privacy;inconspicuousness; unintelligibleness; uncertainty.Yuo are not for
obscurity designed. Dryden.They were now brought forth from obscurity, to be
contemplated byartists with admiration and despair. Macaulay.
OBSECRATE,To beseech; to supplicate; to implore. [R.]. Cockerman.
OBSECRATION,A figure of speech in which the orator implores the assistanceof God or
man.
OBSECRATORY,Expressing, or used in, entreaty; supplicatory. [R.] Bp. Hall.
OBSEQUENT,Obedient; submissive; obsequious. [Obs.] Fotherby.
OBSEQUIENCE,Obsequiousness. [R.]
OBSEQUIES,See Obsequy.
OBSEQUIOUS,Of or pertaining to obsequies; funereal. [R.] "To do obsequioussorrow."
Shak.
OBSEQUIOUSNESS,The quality or state of being obsequious. South.
OBSERVABLE,Worthy or capable of being observed; discernible; noticeable;remarkable.
Sir. T. Browne.The difference is sufficiently observable. Southey.--
Ob*serv"a*ble*ness, n.-- Ob*serv"a*bly, adv.
OBSERVANCY,Observance. [Obs.]
OBSERVANDUM,A thing to be observed. Swift.
OBSERVANT,An Observantine.
OBSERVANTINE,One of a branch of the Order of Franciscans, who profess toadhere more
strictly than the Conventuals to the intention of thefounder, especially as to
poverty; -- called also Observants.
OBSERVANTLY,In an observant manner.
OBSERVATION CAR,A railway passenger car made so as to facilitate seeing thescenery
en route; a car open, or with glass sides, or with a kind ofopen balcony at the
rear.
OBSERVATIONAL,Of a pertaining to observation; consisting of, or
containing,observations. Chalmers.
OBSERVATIVE,Observing; watchful.
OBSERVATORY,A lookout on a flank of a battery whence an officer can notethe range
and effect of the fire. Farrow.
OBSERVERSHIP,The office or work of an observer.
OBSERVING,Giving particular attention; habitually attentive to whatpasses; as, an
observing person; an observing mind.-- Ob*serv"ing*ly, adv.
OBSESS,To besiege; to beset. Sir T. Elyot.
OBSIDIAN,A kind of glass produced by volcanoes. It is usually of a blackcolor, and
opaque, except in thin splinters.
OBSIDIONAL,Of or pertaining to a siege. Obsidional crown (Rom.Antiq.), acrown
bestowed upon a general who raised the siege of a beleagueredplace, or upon one who
held out against a siege.
OBSIGILLATION,A sealing up. [Obs.] Maunder.
OBSIGN,To seal; to confirm, as by a seal or stamp. [Obs.] Bradford.
OBSIGNATE,To seal; to ratify. [Obs.] Barrow.
OBSIGNATION,The act of sealing or ratifying; the state of being sealed orconfirmed;
confirmation, as by the Holy Spirit.The spirit of manifestation will but upbraid
you in the shame andhorror of a sad eternity, if you have not the spirit of
obsignation.Jer. Taylor.
OBSIGNATORY,Ratifying; confirming by sealing. [Obs.] Samuel Ward (1643)
OBSOLESCE,To become obsolescent. [R.] Fitzed. Hall.
OBSOLESCENCE,The state of becoming obsolete.
OBSOLESCENT,Going out of use; becoming obsolete; passing into desuetude.
OBSOLETE,Not very distinct; obscure; rudimental; imperfectly developed;abortive.
OBSOLETELY,In an obsolete manner.
OBSOLETENESS,Indistinctness; want of development.
OBSOLETISM,A disused word or phrase; an archaism. Fitzed. Hall.
OBSTACLE,That which stands in the way, or opposes; anything that hindersprogress; a
hindrance; an obstruction, physical or moral.If all obstacles were cut away. And
that my path were even to thecrown. Shak.
OBSTANCY,Opposition; impediment; obstruction. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
OBSTETRICATE,To perform the office of midwife. [Obs.] "Nature doesobstetricate."
Evelyn.
OBSTETRICATION,The act of assisting as a midwife; delivery. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
OBSTETRICIAN,One skilled in obstetrics; an accoucheur.
OBSTETRICIOUS,Serving to assist childbirth; obstetric; hence, facilitatingany
bringing forth or deliverance. [Obs.]Yet is all human teaching but maieutical, or
obstetricious. Cudworth.
OBSTETRICS,The science of midwifery; the art of assisting women inparturition, or
in the trouble incident to childbirth.
OBSTETRICY,Obstetrics. [R.] Dunglison.
OBSTINATION,Obstinacy; stubbornness. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
OBSTIPATION,Extreme constipation. [Obs.] Hooper.
OBSTREPEROUS,Attended by, or making, a loud and tumultuous noise; clamorous;noisy;
vociferous. "The obstreperous city." Wordsworth. "Obstreperousapprobation."
Addison.Beating the air with their obstreperous beaks. B. Jonson.--
Ob*strep"er*ous*ly, adv.-- Ob*strep"er*ous*ness, n.
OBSTRICTION,The state of being constrained, bound, or obliged; that whichconstrains
or obliges; obligation; bond. [R.] Milton.
OBSTRINGE,To constrain; to put under obligation. [R.] Bp. Gardiner.
OBSTRUCTER,One who obstructs or hinders.
OBSTRUCTIONISM,The act or the policy of obstructing progress. Lond. Lit.World.
OBSTRUCTIONIST,One who hinders progress; one who obstructs business, as in
alegislative body.-- a.
OBSTRUCTIVE,Tending to obstruct; presenting obstacles; hindering;
causingimpediment.-- Ob*struct"ive*ly, adv.
OBSTRUENT,Causing obstruction; blocking up; hindering; as, an obstruentmedicine.
Johnson.
OBSTUPEFACTION,See Stupefaction. [Obs.] Howell.
OBSTUPEFACTIVE,Stupefactive. [Obs.]
OBSTUPEFY,See Stupefy. [Obs.]
OBTAINABLE,Capable of being obtained.
OBTAINER,One who obtains.
OBTAINMENT,The act or process of obtaining; attainment. Milton.
OBTECTED,Covered with a hard chitinous case, as the pupa of certainfiles.
OBTEMPER,To obey (a judgment or decree).
OBTEMPERATE,To obey. [Obs.] Johnson.
OBTENEBRATION,The act of darkening; the state of being darkened; darkness.[Obs.]In
every megrim or vertigo, there is an obtenebration joined with asemblance of
turning round. Bacon.
OBTENSION,The act of obtending. [Obs.] Johnson.
OBTEST,To protest. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
OBTESTATION,The act of obtesting; supplication; protestation. [R.]Antonio asserted
this with great obtestation. Evelyn.
OBTRECTATION,Slander; detraction; calumny. [Obs.] Barrow.
OBTRUDE,To thrust one's self upon a company or upon attention; tointrude.
OBTRUDER,One who obtrudes. Boyle.
OBTRUNCATE,To deprive of a limb; to lop. [R.]
OBTRUNCATION,The act of lopping or cutting off. [R.] Cockeram.
OBTRUSIONIST,One who practices or excuses obtrusion. [R.] Gent. Mag.
OBTRUSIVE,Disposed to obtrude; inclined to intrude or thrust one's selfor one's
opinions upon others, or to enter uninvited; forward;pushing; intrusive.--
Ob*tru"sive*ly, adv.-- Ob*tru"sive*ness, n.Not obvious, not obtrusive, but retired.
Milton.
OBTUND,To reduce the edge, pungency, or violent action of; to dull; toblunt; to
deaden; to quell; as, to obtund the acrimony of the gall.[Archaic]
Harvey.They...have filled all our law books with the obtunding story oftheir suits
and trials. Milton.
OBTUNDENT,A substance which sheathes a part, or blunts irritation,usually some
bland, oily, or mucilaginous matter; -- nearly the sameas demulcent. Forsyth.
OBTUNDER,That which obtunds or blunts; especially, that which bluntssensibility.
OBTURATE,To stop or close, as an opening; specif., (Ordnance),
OBTURATION,The act of stopping up, or closing, an opening. "Deaf by anoutward
obturation." Bp. Hall.
OBTURATOR,An apparatus designed to close an unnatural opening, as afissure of the
palate.
OBTUSANGULAR,See Obstuseangular.
OBTUSE,Having an obtuse angle; as, an obtuse-angled triangle.
OBTUSELY,In an obtuse manner.
OBTUSENESS,State or quality of being obtuse.
OBTUSITY,Obtuseness. Lond. Quart. Rev.
OBUMBRANT,Overhanging; as, obumbrant feathers.
OBUMBRATE,To shade; to darken; to cloud. [R.] Howell.
OBUMBRATION,Act of darkening or obscuring. [R.] Sir T. More.
OBUNCOUS,Hooked or crooked in an extreme degree. Maunder.
OBVENTION,The act of happening incidentally; that which happens casually;an
incidental advantage; an occasional offering. [Obs.] "Tithes andother obventions."
Spenser.Legacies bequeathed by the deaths of princes and great persons, andother
casualities and obventions. Fuller.
OBVERSANT,Conversant; familiar. [Obs.] Bacon.
OBVERSE,Having the base, or end next the attachment, narrower than thetop, as a
leaf.
OBVERSELY,In an obverse manner.
OBVERSION,The act of immediate inference, by which we deny the oppositeof anything
which has been affirmed; as, all men are mortal; then, byobversion, no men are
immortal. This is also described as "immediateinference by privative conception."
Bain.
OBVERT,To turn toward.If its base be obverted towards us. I. Watts.
OBVIATION,The act of obviating, or the state of being obviated.
OBVIOUS,Overlapping; contorted; convolute; -- applied primarily, inbotany, to two
opposite leaves, each of which has one edgeoverlapping the nearest edge of the
other, and secondarily to acircle of several leaves or petals which thus overlap.
OBY,See Obi.
OCA,A Peruvian name for certain species of Oxalis (O. crenata, andO. tuberosa)
which bear edible tubers.
OCARINA,A kind of small simple wind instrument.
OCCAMY,An alloy imitating gold or silver. [Written also ochimy,ochymy, etc.]
OCCASION,To give occasion to; to cause; to produce; to induce; as, tooccasion
anxiety. South.If we inquire what it is that occasions men to make
severalcombinations of simple ideas into distinct modes. Locke.
OCCASIONABLE,Capable of being occasioned or caused. Barrow.
OCCASIONALISM,The system of occasional causes; -- a name given to certaintheories
of the Cartesian school of philosophers, as to theintervention of the First Cause,
by which they account for theapparent reciprocal action of the soul and the body.
OCCASIONALITY,Quality or state of being occasional; occasional occurrence.[R.]
OCCASIONALLY,In an occasional manner; on occasion; at times, as conveniencerequires
or opportunity offers; not regularly. Stewart.The one, Wolsey, directly his subject
by birth; the other, hissubject occasionally by his preferment. Fuller.
OCCASIONATE,To occasion. [Obs.]The lowest may occasionate much ill. Dr. H. More.
OCCASIONER,One who, or that which, occasions, causes, or produces. Bp.Sanderson.
OCCASIVE,Of or pertaining to the setting sun; falling; descending;western.
OCCECATION,The act of making blind, or the state of being blind. [R.]"This inward
occecation." Bp. Hall.
OCCIDENT,The part of the horizon where the sun last appears in theevening; that
part of the earth towards the sunset; the west; --opposed to orient. Specifically,
in former times, Europe as opposedto Asia; now, also, the Western hemisphere.
Chaucer.I may wander from east to occident. Shak.
OCCIDENTALS,Western Christians of the Latin rite. See Orientals. Shipley.
OCCIDUOUS,Western; occidental. [R.] Blount.
OCCIPITAL,Of or pertaining to the occiput, or back part of the head, orto the
occipital bone. Occipital bone (Anat.), the bone which formsthe posterior segment
of the skull and surrounds the great foramen bywhich the spinal cord leaves the
cranium. In the higher vertebratesit is usually composed of four bones, which
become consolidated inthe adult.-- Occipital point (Anat.), the point of the
occiput in the mesialplane farthest from the ophryon.
OCCIPITO-,A combining form denoting relation to, or situation near, theocciput; as,
occipito-axial; occipito-mastoid.
OCCIPITOAXIAL,Of or pertaining to the occipital bone and second vertebra, oraxis.
OCCIPUT,The back, or posterior, part of the head or skull; the regionof the
occipital bone.
OCCISION,A killing; the act of killing. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
OCCLUDE,To take in and retain; to absorb; -- said especially withrespect to gases;
as iron, platinum, and palladium occlude largevolumes of hydrogen.
OCCLUDENT,Serving to close; shutting up.-- n.
OCCLUSE,Shut; closed. [Obs.] Holder.
OCCLUSION,The transient approximation of the edges of a natural
opening;imperforation. Dunglison. Occlusion of gases (Chem. & Physics),
thephenomenon of absorbing gases, as exhibited by platinum, palladium,iron, or
charcoal; thus, palladium absorbs, or occludes, nearly athousand times its own
volume of hydrogen, and in this case achemical compound seems to be formed.
OCCRUSTATE,To incrust; to harden. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
OCCULT,Hidden from the eye or the understanding; inviable; secret;concealed;
unknown.It is of an occult kind, and is so insensible in its advances as toescape
observation. I. Taylor.Occult line (Geom.), a line drawn as a part of the
construction of afigure or problem, but not to appear in the finished plan.--
Occult qualities, those qualities whose effects only wereobserved, but the nature
and relations of whose productive agencieswere undetermined; -- so called by the
schoolmen.-- Occult sciences, those sciences of the Middle Ages which relatedto the
supposed action or influence of occult qualities, orsupernatural powers, as
alchemy, magic, necromancy, and astrology.
OCCULTATION,The hiding of a heavenly body from sight by the intervention ofsome
other of the heavenly bodies; -- applied especially to eclipsesof stars and planets
by the moon, and to the eclipses of satellitesof planets by their primaries.
OCCULTED,Concealed by the intervention of some other heavenly body, as astar by the
moon.
OCCULTING,Same as Occultation.
OCCULTISM,A certain Oriental system of theosophy. A. P. Sinnett.
OCCULTIST,An adherent of occultism.
OCCULTLY,In an occult manner.
OCCULTNESS,State or quality of being occult.
OCCUPANCY,The act of taking or holding possession; possession;occupation. Title by
occupancy (Law), a right of property acquired bytaking the first possession of a
thing, or possession of a thingwhich belonged to nobody, and appropriating it.
Blackstone. Kent.
OCCUPATE,To occupy. [Obs.] Bacon.
OCCURRENT,Occurring or happening; hence, incidental; accidental.
OCCURSE,Same as Occursion. [Obs.] Bentley.
OCCURSION,A meeting; a clash; a collision. [Obs.] Boyle.
OCEAN,Of or pertaining to the main or great sea; as, the ocean waves;an ocean
stream. Milton.
OCEANOGRAPHY,A description of the ocean.
OCEANOLOGY,That branch of science which relates to the ocean.
OCEANUS,The god of the great outer sea, or the river which was believedto flow
around the whole earth.
OCELLARY,Of or pertaining to ocelli.
OCELLATE,Same as Ocellated.
OCELOID,Resembling the ocelot.
OCELOT,An American feline carnivore (Felis pardalis). It ranges fromthe
Southwestern United States to Patagonia. It is covered withblackish ocellated spots
and blotches, which are variously arranged.The ground color varies from reddish
gray to tawny yellow.
OCHERY,Ocherous. [Written also ochrey, ochry.]
OCHIMY,See Occamy.
OCHLESIS,A general morbid condition induced by the crowding together ofmany
persons, esp. sick persons, under one roof. G. Gregory.
OCHLOCRACY,A form of government by the multitude; a mobocracy. Hare.
OCHRACEOUS,Ocherous.
OCHRE,See Ocher.
OCHREA,A greave or legging.
OCHREOUS,See Ocherous.
OCHREY,See Ochery.
OCHROLEUCOUS,Yellowish white; having a faint tint of dingy yellow. Gray.
OCHRY,See Ochery.
OCHYMY,See Occamy.
OCRA,See Okra.
OCREA,See Ochrea.
OCTA-,A prefix meaning eight. See Octo-.
OCTACHORD,An instrument of eight strings; a system of eight tones. [Alsowritten
octochord.]
OCTAD,An atom or radical which has a valence of eight, or isoctavalent.
OCTAEDRAL,See Octahedral.
OCTAEMERON,A fast of eight days before a great festival. Shipley.
OCTAGON,A plane figure of eight sides and eight angles.
OCTAGONAL,Having eight sides and eight angles.
OCTAGYNOUS,Having eight pistils or styles; octogynous.
OCTAHEDRAL,Having eight faces or sides; of, pertaining to, or formed
in,octahedrons; as, octahedral cleavage. Octahedral borax (Chem.), boraxobtained
from a saturated solution in octahedral crystals, whichcontain five molecules of
water of crystallization; distinguishedfrom common or prismatic borax.-- Octahedral
iron ore (Min.), magnetite.
OCTAHEDRITE,Titanium dioxide occurring in acute octahedral crystals.
OCTAHEDRON,A solid bounded by eight faces. The regular octahedron iscontained by
eight equal equilateral triangles.
OCTAMEROUS,Having the parts in eights; as, an octamerous flower;octamerous
mesenteries in polyps.
OCTAMETER,A verse containing eight feet; as, --Deep'' in|to'' the | dark''ness |
peer''ing, | long'' I | stood''there | wond'''ring, | fear''ing. Poe.
OCTANDER,One of the Octandria.
OCTANDRIA,A Linnæan class of plants, in which the flowers have eightstamens not
united to one another or to the pistil.
OCTANE,Any one of a group of metametric hydrocarcons (C8H18) of themethane series.
The most important is a colorless, volatile,inflammable liquid, found in petroleum,
and a constituent of benzeneor ligroin.
OCTANGULAR,Having eight angles; eight-angled.-- Oc*tan"gu*lar*ness, n.
OCTANT,The eighth part of a circle; an arc of 45 degrees.
OCTAPLA,A portion of the Old Testament prepared by Origen in the 3dcentury,
containing the Hebrew text and seven Greek versions of it,arranged in eight
parallel columns.
OCTAROON,See Octoroon.
OCTASTYLE,See Octostyle.
OCTATEUCH,A collection of eight books; especially, the first eight booksof the Old
Testament. [R.]
OCTAVALENT,Having a valence of eight; capable of being combined with,exchanged for,
or compared with, eight atoms of hydrogen; -- said ofcertain atoms or radicals.
OCTAVE,The first two stanzas of a sonnet, consisting of four verseseach; a stanza
of eight lines.With mournful melody it continued this octave. Sir P. Sidney.Double
octave. (Mus.) See under Double.-- Octave flute (Mus.), a small flute, the tones of
which range anoctave higher than those of the German or ordinary flute; --
calledalso piccolo. See Piccolo.
OCTAVO,A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into eightleaves; hence,
indicating more or less definitely a size of book somade; -- usually written 8vo or
8º.
OCTENE,Same as Octylene.
OCTENNIAL,Happening every eighth year; also, lasting a period of eightyears.
Johnson.-- Oc*ten"ni*al*ly, adv.
OCTET,A composition for eight parts, usually for eight soloinstruments or voices.
OCTIC,Of the eighth degree or order.-- n. (Alg.)
OCTILE,Same as Octant, 2. [R.]
OCTILLION,According to the French method of numeration (which method isfollowed
also in the United States) the number expressed by a unitwith twenty-seven ciphers
annexed. According to the English method,the number expressed by a unit with forty-
eight ciphers annexed. SeeNumeration.
OCTOATE,A salt of an octoic acid; a caprylate.
OCTOCERA,Octocerata.
OCTOCERATA,A suborder of Cephalopoda including Octopus, Argonauta, andallied
genera, having eight arms around the head; -- called alsoOctopoda.
OCTOCHORD,See Octachord.
OCTODECIMO,Having eighteen leaves to a sheet; as, an octodecimo form,book, leaf,
size, etc.
OCTODENTATE,Having eight teeth.
OCTODONT,Of or pertaining to the Octodontidæ, a family of rodents whichincludes the
coypu, and many other South American species.
OCTOEDRICAL,See Octahedral. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
OCTOFID,Cleft or separated into eight segments, as a calyx.
OCTOGAMY,A marrying eight times. [R.] Chaucer.
OCTOGENARIAN,A person eighty years, or more, of age.
OCTOGENARY,Of eighty years of age. "Being then octogenary." Aubrey.
OCTOGILD,A pecuniary compensation for an injury, of eight times thevalue of the
thing.
OCTOGONAL,See Octagonal. [Obs.]
OCTOGYNIA,A Linnaean order of plants having eight pistils.
OCTOIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, octane; -- usedspecifically, to
designate any one of a group of acids, the mostimportant of which is called
caprylic acid.
OCTOLOCULAR,Having eight cells for seeds.
OCTONAPHTHENE,A colorless liquid hydrocarbon of the octylene series,occurring in
Caucasian petroleum.
OCTONARY,Of or pertaining to the number eight. Dr. H. More.
OCTONOCULAR,Having eight eyes. Derham.
OCTOPEDE,An animal having eight feet, as a spider.
OCTOPETALOUS,Having eight petals or flower leaves.
OCTOPOD,One of the Octocerata.
OCTOPODIA,Same as Octocerata.
OCTOPUS,A genus of eight-armed cephalopods, including numerous species,some of them
of large size. See Devilfish,
OCTORADIATED,Having eight rays.
OCTOROON,The offspring of a quadroon and a white person; a mestee.
OCTOSPERMOUS,Containing eight seeds.
OCTOSTICHOUS,In eight vertical ranks, as leaves on a stem.
OCTOSTYLE,Having eight columns in the front; -- said of a temple orportico. The
Parthenon is octostyle, but most large Greek temples arehexastele. See Hexastyle.--
n.
OCTOSYLLABLE,Octosyllabic.
OCTOYL,A hypothetical radical (C8H15O), regarded as the essentialresidue of octoic
acid.
OCTUOR,See Octet. [R.]
OCTUPLE,Eightfold.
OCTYL,A hypothetical hydrocarbon radical regarded as an essentialresidue of octane,
and as entering into its derivatives; as, octylalcohol.
OCTYLENE,Any one of a series of metameric hydrocarbons (C8H16) of theethylene
series. In general they are combustible, colorless liquids.
OCTYLIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, octyl; as, octylicether.
OCULAR,Of or pertaining to the eye; optic.
OCULARLY,By the eye, or by actual sight.
OCULARY,Of or pertaining to the eye; ocular; optic; as, ocularymedicines. Holland.
OCULIFORM,In the form of an eye; resembling an eye; as, an oculiformpebble.
OCULINA,A genus of tropical corals, usually branched, and having a veryvolid
texture.
OCULINACEA,A suborder of corals including many reef-building species,having round,
starlike calicles.
OCULIST,One skilled in treating diseases of the eye.
OCULO-,A combining form from L. oculus the eye.
OCULOMOTOR,Of or pertaining to the movement of the eye; -- appliedespecially to the
common motor nerves (or third pair of cranialnerves) which supply many of the
muscles of the orbit.-- n.
OCULONASAL,Of or pertaining to the region of the eye and the nose; as,
theoculonasal, or nasal, nerve, one of the branches of the ophthalmic.
OCULUS,A round window, usually a small one.
OCYPODIAN,One of a tribe of crabs which live in holes in the sand alongthe
seashore, and run very rapidly, -- whence the name.
OD,An alleged force or natural power, supposed, by Reichenbach andothers, to
produce the phenomena of mesmerism, and to be developed byvarious agencies, as by
magnets, heat, light, chemical or vitalaction, etc.; -- called also odyle or the
odylic force. [Archaic]That od force of German Reichenbach Which still, from female
fingertips, burnt blue. Mrs. Browning.
ODAL,Among the early and medieval Teutonic peoples, esp.Scandinavians, the
heritable land held by the various odalmenconstituting a family or kindred of
freeborn tribesmen; also, theownership of such land. The odal was subject only to
certain rightsof the family or kindred in restricting the freedom of transfer
orsale and giving certain rights of redemption in case of change ofownership by
inheritance, etc., and perhaps to other rights of thekindred or the tribe.
Survivals of the early odal estates and tenureexist in Orkney and Shetland, where
it is usually called by thevariant form udal.
ODALISQUE,A female slave or concubine in the harem of the Turkish sultan.[Written
also odahlic, odalisk, and odalik.]Not of those that men desire, sleek Odalisques,
or oracles of mode.Tennyson.
ODD FELLOW,A member of a secret order, or fraternity, styled theIndependent Order
of Odd Fellows, established for mutual aid andsocial enjoyment.
ODDLY,In a manner measured by an odd number.
ODDMENT,An odd thing, or one that is left over, disconnected,fragmentary, or the
like; something that is separated or disconnectedfrom its fellows; esp. (in pl.),
ODE,A short poetical composition proper to be set to music or sung;a lyric poem;
esp., now, a poem characterized by sustained noblesentiment and appropriate dignity
of style.Hangs odes upon hawthorns and elegies on brambles. Shak.O! run; prevent
them with thy humble ode, And lay it lowly at hisblessed feet. Milton.Ode factor,
one who makes, or who traffics in, odes; -- usedcontemptuously.
ODELET,A little or short ode.
ODELSTHING,The lower house of the Norwegian Storthing. See Legislature.
ODEON,A kind of theater in ancient Greece, smaller than the dramatictheater and
roofed over, in which poets and musicians submitted theirworks to the approval of
the public, and contended for prizes; --hence, in modern usage, the name of a hall
for musical or dramaticperformances.
ODEUM,See Odeon.
ODIBLE,Fitted to excite hatred; hateful. [Obs.] Bale.
ODIC,Of or pertaining to od. See Od. [Archaic] -- Od"ic*al*ly, adv.
ODIN,The supreme deity of the Scandinavians; -- the same as Woden,of the German
tribes.There in the Temple, carved in wood, The image of great Odin
stood.Longfellow.
ODINIC,Of or pertaining to Odin.
ODINISM,Worship of Odin; broadly, the Teutonic heathenism. --O"din*ist, n.
ODIST,A writer of an ode or odes.
ODIZE,To charge with od. See Od. [Archaic]
ODMYL,A volatile liquid obtained by boiling sulphur with linseed oil.It has an
unpleasant garlic odor.
ODOMETER,An instrument attached to the wheel of a vehicle, to measurethe distance
traversed; also, a wheel used by surveyors, whichregisters the miles and rods
traversed.
ODOMETRICAL,Of or pertaining to the odometer, or to measurements made withit.
ODOMETROUS,Serving to measure distance on a road. [R.] Sydney Smith.
ODOMETRY,Measurement of distances by the odometer.
ODONATA,The division of insects that includes the dragon flies.
ODONTALGIA,Toothache.
ODONTALGIC,Of or pertaining to odontalgia.-- n.
ODONTALGY,Same as Odontalgia.
ODONTIASIS,Cutting of the teeth; dentition.
ODONTO-,A combining form from Gr.
ODONTOBLAST,One of the more or less columnar cells on the outer surface ofthe pulp
of a tooth; an odontoplast. They are supposed to beconnected with the formation of
dentine.
ODONTOCETE,A subdivision of Cetacea, including the sperm whale, dolphins,etc.; the
toothed whales.
ODONTOGENY,Generetion, or mode of development, of the teeth.
ODONTOGRAPH,An instrument for marking or laying off the outlines of teethof gear
wheels.
ODONTOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to odontography.
ODONTOGRAPHY,A description of the teeth.
ODONTOLCAE,An extinct order of ostrichlike aquatic birds having teeth,which are set
in a groove in the jaw. It includes Hesperornis, andallied genera. See Hesperornis.
[Written also Odontholcae, andOdontoholcae.]
ODONTOLITE,A fossil tooth colored a bright blue by phosphate of iron. Itis used as
an imitation of turquoise, and hence called boneturquoise.
ODONTOLOGY,The science which treats of the teeth, their structure anddevelopment.
ODONTOPHORA,Same as Cephalophora.
ODONTOPHORE,A special structure found in the mouth of most mollusks,
exceptbivalves. It consists of several muscles and a cartilage whichsupports a
chitinous radula, or lingual ribbon, armed with teeth.Also applied to the radula
alone. See Radula.
ODONTOPHOROUS,Having an odontophore.
ODONTOPLAST,An odontoblast.
ODONTOPTERYX,An extinct Eocene bird having the jaws strongly serrated, ordentated,
but destitute of true teeth. It was found near London.
ODONTORNITHES,A group of Mesozoic birds having the jaws armed with teeth, asin most
other vertebrates. They have been divided into three orders:Odontolcæ, Odontotormæ,
and Saururæ.
ODONTOSTOMATOUS,Having toothlike mandibles; -- applied to certain insects.
ODONTOTORMAE,An order of extinct toothed birds having the teeth in sockets,as in
the genus Ichthyornis. See Ichthyornis.
ODOR,Any smell, whether fragrant or offensive; scent; perfume.Meseemed I smelt a
garden of sweet flowers, That dainty odors fromthem threw around. Spenser.To be in
bad odor, to be out of favor, or in bad repute.
ODORAMENT,A perfume; a strong scent. [Obs.] Burton.
ODORANT,Yielding odors; fragrant. Holland.
ODORATE,Odorous. [Obos.] Bacon.
ODORATING,Diffusing odor or scent; fragrant.
ODORIFEROUS,Bearing or yielding an odor; perfumed; usually, sweet of
scent;fragrant; as, odoriferous spices, particles, fumes, breezes. Milton.--
O`dor*if"er*ous*ly, adv. --O`dor*if"er*ous*ness, n.
ODORINE,A pungent oily substance obtained by redistilling bone oil.[Obs.]
ODORLESS,Free from odor.
ODOROUS,Having or emitting an odor or scent, esp. a sweet odor;fragrant; sweet-
smelling. "Odorous bloom." Keble.Such fragrant flowers do give most odorous smell.
Spenser.-- O"dor*ous*ly, adv.-- O"dor*ous*ness, n.
ODS,A corruption of God's; -- formerly used in oaths andejaculatory phrases. "Ods
bodikin." "Ods pity." Shak.
ODYLIC,Of or pertaining to odyle; odic; as, odylic force. [Archaic]
ODYSSEY,An epic poem attributed to Homer, which describes the return ofUlysses to
Ithaca after the siege of Troy.
OE,a diphthong, employed in the Latin language, and thence in theEnglish language,
as the representative of the Greek diphthong oe. Inmany words in common use, e
alone stands instead of oe. Classicistsprefer to write the diphthong oe separate in
Latin words.
OECOID,The colorless porous framework, or stroma, of red bloodcorpuscles from which
the zooid, or hemoglobin and other substancesof the corpuscles, may be dissolved
out.
OECOLOGY,The various relations of animals and plants to one another andto the outer
world.
OECONOMICAL,See Economical.
OECONOMICS,See Economics.
OECONOMY,See Economy.
OECUMENICAL,See Ecumenical.
OEDEMA,A swelling from effusion of watery fluid in the cellular tissuebeneath the
skin or mucous membrance; dropsy of the subcutaneouscellular tissue. [Written also
edema.]
OEDEMATOUS,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, edema; affected with edema.
OEIL-DE-BOEUF,A circular or oval window; -- generally used of architecture ofthe
17th and 18th centuries. A famous room in the palace ofVersailles bears this name,
from the oval window opening into it.
OEIL-DE-PERDRIX,A glance of the eye; an amorous look. [Obs.]She gave strange
oeillades and most speaking looks. Shak.
OELET,An eye, bud, or shoot, as of a plant; an oilet. [Obs.] Holland.
OENANTHATE,A salt of the supposed oenanthic acid.
OENANTHIC,Having, or imparting, the odor characteristic of the bouquet ofwine;
specifically used, formerly, to designate an acid whoseethereal salts were supposed
to occasion the peculiar bouquet, oraroma, of old wine. Cf. OEnanthylic. OEnanthic
acid, an acid obtainedfrom oenanthic ether by the action of alkalies.-- OEnanthic
ether, an ethereal substance (not to be confused withthe bouquet, or aroma, of
wine) found in wine lees, and consisting ofa complex mixture of the ethereal salts
of several of the higheracids of the acetic acid series. It has an ethereal odor,
and it usedin flavoring artificial wines and liquors. Called also oil of wine.See
Essential oil, under Essential.
OENANTHOL,An oily substance obtained by the distillation of castor oil,recognized
as the aldehyde of oenanthylic acid, and hence called alsooenanthaldehyde.
OENANTHONE,The ketone of oenanthic acid.
OENANTHYL,A hydrocarbon radical formerly supposed to exist in oenanthicacid, now
known to be identical with heptyl.
OENANTHYLATE,A salt of oenanthylic acid; as, potassium oenanthylate.
OENANTHYLIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, oenanthyl;specifically,
designating an acid formerly supposed to be identicalwith the acid in oenanthic
ether, but now known to be identical withheptoic acid.
OENANTHYLIDENE,A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, having a garlic odor; heptine.
OENANTHYLOUS,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid formerly supposed tobe the
acid of oenanthylic ether, but now known to be a mixture ofhigher acids, especially
capric acid. [Obs.]
OENOCYAN,The coloring matter of red wines.
OENOLOGY,Knowledge of wine, scientific or practical.
OENOMEL,Wine mixed with honey; mead, [R.]
OENOMETER,See Alcoholometer.
OENOPHILIST,A lover of wine. [R.] Thackeray.
OENOTHIONIC,Pertaining to an acid now called sulphovinic, or ethylsulphuric, acid.
OERSTED,The C.G.S. unit of magnetic reluctance or resistance, equal tothe
reluctance of a centimeter cube of air (or vacuum) betweenparallel faces. Also, a
reluctance in which unit magnetomotive forcesets up unit flux.
OESTRIAN,Of or pertaining to the gadflies.-- n.
OESTRUAL,Of or pertaining to sexual desire; -- mostly applied to bruteanimals; as,
the oestrual period; oestrual influence.
OESTRUATION,The state of being under oestrual influence, or of havingsexual desire.
OESTRUS,A genus of gadflies. The species which deposits its larvæ inthe nasal
cavities of sheep is oestrus ovis.
OF,In a general sense, from, or out from; proceeding from;belonging to; relating
to; concerning; -- used in a variety ofapplications; as:
OFF,In a general sense, denoting from or away from; as:
OFFCUT,A portion ofthe printed sheet, in certain sizes of books, thatis cut off
before folding.
OFFENCE,See Offense.
OFFEND,To oppose or obstruct in duty; to cause to stumble; to cause tosin or to
fall. [Obs.]Who hath you misboden or offended. Chaucer.If thy right eye offend
thee, pluck it out... And if thy right handoffend thee, cut it off. Matt. v. 29,
3O.Great peace have they which love thy law, and nothing shall offendthem. Ps.
cxix. 165.
OFFENDANT,An offender. [R.] Holland.
OFFENDER,One who offends; one who violates any law, divine or human; awrongdoer.I
and my son Solomon shall be counted offenders. 1 Kings i. 21.
OFFENDRESS,A woman who offends. Shak.
OFFENSEFUL,Causing offense; displeasing; wrong; as, an offenseful act.[R.]
OFFENSELESS,Unoffending; inoffensive.
OFFENSIBLE,That may give offense. [Obs.]
OFFENSION,Assault; attack. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OFFENSIVE,The state or posture of one who offends or makes attack;aggressive
attitude; the act of the attacking party; -- opposed todefensive. To act on the
offensive, to be the attacking party.
OFFERABLE,Capable of being offered; suitable or worthy to be offered.
OFFERER,One who offers; esp., one who offers something to God inworship. Hooker.
OFFERTURE,Offer; proposal; overture. [Obs.]More offertures and advantages to his
crown. Milton.
OFFHAND,Instant; ready; extemporaneous; as, an offhand speech; offhandexcuses.--
adv.
OFFICE WIRE,Copper wire with a strong but light insulation, used in wiringhouses,
etc.
OFFICE,The apartments or outhouses in which the domestics dischargethe duties
attached to the service of a house, as kitchens, pantries,stables, etc. [Eng.]As
for the offices, let them stand at distance. Bacon.
OFFICEHOLDER,An officer, particularly one in the civil service; a placeman.
OFFICER,Specifically, a commissioned officer, in distinction from awarrant officer.
Field officer, General officer, etc. See underField, General. etc.-- Officer of the
day (Mil.), the officer who, on a given day, hascharge for that day of the quard,
prisoners, and police of the postor camp.-- Officer of the deck, or Officer of the
watch (Naut.), the officertemporarily in charge on the deck of a vessel, esp. a war
vessel.
OFFICIAL,Approved by authority; sanctioned by the pharmacopoeia;appointed to be
used in medicine; as, an official drug orpreparation. Cf. Officinal.
OFFICIALISM,The state of being official; a system of official government;also,
adherence to office routine; red-tapism.Officialism may often drift into blunders.
Smiles.
OFFICIALITY,See Officialty.
OFFICIALLY,By the proper officer; by virtue of the proper authority; inpursuance of
the special powers vested in an officer or office; as,accounts or reports
officially vertified or rendered; lettersofficially communicated; persons
officially notified.
OFFICIALTY,The charge, office, court, or jurisdiction of an official.Ayliffe.
OFFICIANT,The officer who officiates or performs an office, as the burialoffice.
Shipley.
OFFICIARY,Of or pertaining to an office or an officer; official. [R.]Heylin.
OFFICIATE,To act as an officer in performing a duty; to transact thebusiness of an
office or public trust; to conduct a public service.Bp. Stillingfleet.
OFFICIATOR,One who officiates. Tylor.
OFFICINAL,Kept in stock by apothecaries; -- said of such drugs andmedicines as may
be obtained without special preparation orcompounding; not magistral.
OFFING,That part of the sea at a good distance from the shore, orwhere there is
deep water and no need of a pilot; also, distance fromthe shore; as, the ship had
ten miles offing; we saw a ship in theoffing.
OFFISH,Shy or distant in manner. [Colloq. U.S.]
OFFLET,A pipe to let off water.
OFFPRINT,A reprint or excerpt.
OFFSCOURING,That which is scoured off; hence, refuse; rejected matter; thatwhich is
vile or despised. Lam. iii. 45.
OFFSCUM,Removed scum; refuse; dross.
OFFSET,In general, that which is set off, from, before, or against,something; as:
--
OFFSHOOT,That which shoots off or separates from a main stem, channel,family, race,
etc.; as, the offshoots of a tree.
OFFSHORE,From the shore; as, an offshore wind; an offshore signal.
OFFSKIP,That part of a landscape which recedes from the spectator intodistance.
[R.] Fairholt.
OFFTAKE,See Obfuscate, Obfuscation. [Obs.]
OFT,Often; frequently; not rarely; many times. [Poetic] Chaucer.Oft she rejects,
but never once offends. Pope.
OFTEN,Frequently; many times; not seldom.
OFTENNESS,Frequency. Hooker.
OFTENSITH,Frequently; often. [Obs.]For whom I sighed have so oftensith. Gascoigne.
OFTENTIDE,Frequently; often. [Obs.] Robert of Brunne.
OFTENTIMES,Frequently; often; many times. Wordsworth.
OFTER,Compar. of Oft. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OFTTIMES,Frequently; often. Milton.
OGAM,Same as Ogham.
OGDOAD,A thing made up of eight parts. Milman.
OGDOASTICH,A poem of eight lines. [Obs.] Selden
OGEE,A molding, the section of which is the form of the letter S,with the convex
part above; cyma reversa. See Illust. under Cyma.
OGGANITION,Snarling; grumbling. [R.] Bp. Montagu.
OGHAM,A particular kind of writing practiced by the ancient Irish,and found in
inscriptions on stones, metals, etc. [Written alsoogam.]
OGIVE,The arch or rib which crosses a Gothic vault diagonally.
OGLE,To view or look at with side glances, as in fondness, or with adesign to
attract notice.And ogling all their audience, ere they speak. Dryden.
OGLER,One who ogles. Addison.
OGLIO,See Olio.
OGRE,An imaginary monster, or hideous giant of fairy tales, wholived on human
beings; hence, any frightful giant; a cruel monster.His schoolroom must have
resembled an ogre's den. Maccaulay.
OGREISH,Resembling an ogre; having the character or appearance of anogre; suitable
for an ogre. "An ogreish kind of jocularity." Dickens.
OGRESS,A female ogre. Tennyson.
OGYGIAN,Of or pertaining to Ogyges, a mythical king of ancient Attica,or to a great
deluge in Attica in his days; hence, primeval; ofobscure antiquity.
OH,An exclamation expressing various emotions, according to thetone and manner,
especially surprise, pain, sorrow, anxiety, or awish. See the Note under O.
OHM,The standard unit in the measure of electrical resistance,being the resistance
of a circuit in which a potential difference ofone volt produces a current of one
ampére. As defined by theInternational Electrical Congress in 1893, and by United
StatesStatute, it is a resistance substantially equal to 109 units ofresistance of
the C.G.S. system of electro-magnetic units, and isrepresented by the resistance
offered to an unvarying electriccurrent by a column of mercury at the temperature
of melting ice14.4521 grams in mass, of a constant cross-sectional area, and of
thelength of 106.3 centimeters. As thus defined it is called theinternational ohm.
Ohm's law (Elec.), the statement of the fact thatthe strength or intensity of an
electrical current is directlyproportional to the electro-motive force, and
inversely proportionalto the resistance of the circuit.
OHMMETER,An instrument for indicating directly resistance in ohms.
OHO,An exclamation of surprise, etc.
OIDIUM,A genus of minute fungi which form a floccose mass of filamentson decaying
fruit, etc. Many forms once referred to this genus arenow believed to be temporary
conditions of fungi of other genera,among them the vine mildew (Oïdium Tuckeri),
which has caused muchinjury to grapes.
OIL,Any one of a great variety of unctuous combustible substances,not miscible with
water; as, olive oil, whale oil, rock oil, etc.They are of animal, vegetable, or
mineral origin and of variedcomposition, and they are variously used for food, for
solvents, foranointing, lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, anysubstance
of an oily consistency; as, oil of vitriol.
OILBIRD,See Guacharo.
OILCLOTH,Cloth treated with oil or paint, and used for marking garments,covering
flooors, etc.
OILED,Covered or treated with oil; dressed with, or soaked in, oil.Oiled silk, silk
rendered waterproof by saturation with boiled oil.
OILERY,The business, the place of business, or the goods, of a makerof, or dealer
in, oils.
OILINESS,The quality of being oily. Bacon.
OILMAN,One who deals in oils; formerly, one who dealt in oils andpickles.
OILNUT,The buffalo nut. See Buffalo nut, under Buffalo.
OILSKIN,Cloth made waterproof by oil.
OILSTONE,A variety of hone slate, or whetstone, used for whetting toolswhen
lubricated with oil.
OINEMENT,Ointment. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OINOMANIA,See oenomania.
OINT,To anoint. [Obs.] Dryden.
OINTMENT,That which serves to anoint; any soft unctuous substance usedfor smearing
or anointing; an unguent.
OJIBWAYS,Same as Chippeways.
OJO,A spring, surrounded by rushes or rank grass; an oasis.[Southwestern U.S.]
Bartlett.
OKAPI,A peculiar mammal (Okapia johnostoni) closely related to thegiraffe,
discovered in the deep forests of Belgian Kongo in 1900. Itis smaller than an ox,
and somewhat like a giraffe, except that theneck is much shorter. Like the giraffe,
it has no dewclaws. There isa small prominence on each frontal bone of the male.
The color of thebody is chiefly reddish chestnut, the cheeks are yellowish white,
andthe fore and hind legs above the knees and the haunches are stripedwith purplish
black and cream color.
OKENITE,A massive and fibrous mineral of a whitish color, chieflyhydrous silicate
of lime.
OKER,See Ocher.
OKRA,An annual plant (Abelmoschus, or Hibiscus, esculentus), whosegreen pods,
abounding in nutritious mucilage, are much used forsoups, stews, or pickles; gumbo.
[Written also ocra and ochra.]
OLAY,Palm leaves, prepared for being written upon with a stylepointed with steel.
[Written also ola.] Balfour (Cyc. of India).
OLD DOMINION,Virginia; -- a name of uncertain origin, perh. from the olddesignation
of the colony as "the Colony and Dominion of Virginia."
OLD LANG SYNE,See Auld lang syne.
OLD LINE STATE,Maryland; a nickname, alluding to the fact that its northernboundary
in Mason and Dixon's line.
OLD,Open country. [Obs.] See World. Shak.
OLD-FASHIONED,Formed according to old or obsolete fashion or pattern;adhering to
old customs or ideas; as, an old-fashioned dress, girl."Old-fashioned men of wit."
Addison.This old-fashioned, quaint abode. Longfellow.
OLD-GENTLEMANLY,Pertaining to an old gentleman, or like one. Byron.
OLD-MAIDISH,Like an old maid; prim; precise; particular.
OLD-MAIDISM,The condition or characteristics of an old maid. G. Eliot.
OLD-WOMANISH,Like an old woman; anile.-- Old`-wom"an*ish*ness, n.
OLDEN,Old; ancient; as, the olden time. "A minstrel of the oldenstamp." J. C.
Shairp.
OLDISH,Somewhat old.
OLDNESS,The state or quality of being old; old age.
OLDSTER,An old person. [Jocular] H. Kingsley.
OLEA,A genus of trees including the olive.
OLEACEOUS,Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants(Oleaceæ),
mostly trees and shrubs, of which the olive is the type.It includes also the ash,
the lilac, the true jasmine, and fringetree.
OLEAGINOUS,Having the nature or qualities of oil; oily; unctuous.
OLEAGINOUSNESS,Oiliness. Boyle.
OLEAMEN,A soft ointment prepared from oil. Dunglison.
OLEANDER,A beautiful evergreen shrub of the Dogbane family, havingclusters of
fragrant red or white flowers. It is native of the EastIndies, but the red variety
has become common in the south of Europe.Called also rosebay, rose laurel, and
South-sea rose.
OLEANDRINE,One of several alkaloids found in the leaves of the oleander.
OLEATE,A salt of oleic acid. Some oleates, as the oleate of mercury,are used in
medicine by way of inunction.
OLECRANAL,Of or pertaining to the olecranon.
OLECRANON,The large process at the proximal end of the ulna whichprojects behind
the articulation with the humerus and forms the bonyprominence of the elbow.
OLEFIANT,Forming or producing an oil; specifically, designating acolorless gaseous
hydrocarbon called ethylene. [Archaic]
OLEFINE,Olefiant gas, or ethylene; hence, by extension, any one of theseries of
unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is a type. SeeEthylene.
OLEIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or contained in, oil; as, oleicacid, an acid of
the acrylic acid series found combined with glycerylin the form of olein in certain
animal and vegetable fats and oils,such as sperm oil, olive oil, etc. At low
temperatures the acid iscrystalline, but melts to an oily liquid above 14
OLEIFEROUS,Producing oil; as, oleiferous seeds.
OLEIN,A fat, liquid at ordinary temperatures, but solidifying attemperatures below
0° C., found abundantly in both the animal andvegetable kingdoms (see Palmitin). It
dissolves solid fats,especially at 30-40° C. Chemically, olein is a glyceride of
oleicacid; and, as three molecules of the acid are united to one moleculeof
glyceryl to form the fat, it is technically known as triolein. Itis also called
elain.
OLENT,Scented. [R.] R. Browning.
OLEO OIL,An oil expressed from certain animal fats (esp. beef suet), thegreater
portion of the solid fat, or stearin, being left behind. Itis mixture of olein,
palmitin, and a little stearin.
OLEOGRAPH,The form or figure assumed by a drop of oil when placed uponwater or some
other liquid with which it does not mix.
OLEOMETER,An instrument for ascertaining the weight and purity of oil;
anelaiometer.
OLEONE,An oily liquid, obtained by distillation of calcium oleate, andprobably
consisting of the ketone of oleic acid.
OLEOPTENE,See Eleoptene. [R.]
OLEORESIN,A natural mixture of a terebinthinate oil and a resin.
OLEOSITY,The state or quality of being oily or fat; fatness. [R.] B.Jonson.
OLERACEOUS,Pertaining to pot herbs; of the nature or having the qualitiesof herbs
for cookery; esculent. Sir T. Browne.
OLF,The European bullfinch. [Prov.Eng.]
OLFACTION,The sense by which the impressions made on the olfactory organsby the
odorous particles in the atmosphere are perceived.
OLFACTIVE,See Olfactory, a.
OLFACTOR,A smelling organ; a nose. [R.]
OLFACTORY,Of, pertaining to, or connected with, the sense of smell; as,the
olfactory nerves; the olfactory cells. Olfactory organ (Anat.),an organ for
smelling. In vertebrates the olfactory organs are moreor less complicated sacs,
situated in the front part of the head andlined with epithelium innervated by the
olfactory (or first cranial)nerves, and sensitive to odoriferous particles conveyed
to it in theair or in water.
OLIBAN,See Olibanum.
OLIBANUM,The fragrant gum resin of various species of Boswellia;Oriental
frankincense.
OLIBENE,A colorless mobile liquid of a pleasant aromatic odor obtainedby the
distillation of olibanum, or frankincense, and regarded as aterpene; -- called also
conimene.
OLIGANDROUS,Having few stamens.
OLIGANTHOUS,Having few flowers.
OLIGARCH,A member of an oligarchy; one of the rulers in an oligarchicalgovernment.
OLIGARCHAL,Oligarchic. Glover.
OLIGARCHIST,An advocate or supporter of oligarchy.
OLIGARCHY,A form of government in which the supreme power is placed inthe hands of
a few persons; also, those who form the ruling few.All oligarchies, wherein a few
men domineer, do what they list.Burton.
OLIGIST,Hematite or specular iron ore; -- prob. so called in allusionto its feeble
magnetism, as compared with magnetite.
OLIGO-,A combining form from Gr. few, little, small.
OLIGOCENE,Of, pertaining to, or designating, certain strata which occupyan
intermediate position between the Eocene and Miocene periods.-- n.
OLIGOCHAETA,An order of Annelida which includes the earthworms and relatedspecies.
OLIGOCHETE,Of or pertaining to the Oligochæta.
OLIGOCLASE,A triclinic soda-lime feldspar. See Feldspar.
OLIGOMEROUS,Having few members in each set of organs; as, an oligomerousflower.
OLIGOMYOLD,Having few or imperfect syringeal muscles; -- said of somepasserine
birds (Oligomyodi).
OLIGOPETALOUS,Having few petals.
OLIGOSEPALOUS,Having few sepals.
OLIGOSIDERITE,A meteorite characterized by the presence of but a small amountof
metallic iron.
OLIGOSPERMOUS,Having few seeds.
OLIGOTOKOUS,Producing few young.
OLIO,A collection of miscellaneous pieces.
OLITORY,Of or pertaining to, or produced in, a kitchen garden; used forkitchen
purposes; as, olitory seeds.At convenient distance towards the olitory garden.
Evelyn.
OLIVA,A genus of polished marine gastropod shells, chiefly tropical,and often
beautifully colored.
OLIVACEOUS,Resembling the olive; of the color of the olive; olive-green.
OLIVARY,Like an olive. Olivary body (Anat.), an oval prominence on eachside of the
medulla oblongata; -- called also olive.
OLIVASTER,Of the color of the olive; tawny. Sir T. Herbert.
OLIVE,An olivary body. See under Olivary.
OLIVED,Decorated or furnished with olive trees. [R.] T. Warton.
OLIVENITE,An olive-green mineral, a hydrous arseniate of copper; oliveore.
OLIVER,An olive grove. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OLIVERIAN,An adherent of Oliver Cromwell. Macaulay.
OLIVIL,A white crystalline substance, obtained from an exudation fromthe olive, and
having a bitter-sweet taste and acid proporties.[Written also olivile.] Gregory.
OLIVIN,A complex bitter gum, found on the leaves of the olive tree; --called also
olivite.
OLIVINE,A common name of the yellowish green mineral chrysolite, esp.the variety
found in eruptive rocks.
OLIVITE,See Olivin.
OLOGY,A colloquial or humorous name for any science or branch ofknowledge.He had a
smattering of mechanics, of physiology, geology, mineralogy,and all other ologies
whatsoever. De Quincey.
OLPE,Originally, a leather flask or vessel for oils or liquids;afterward, an
earthenware vase or pitcher without a spout.
OLUSATRUM,An umbelliferous plant, the common Alexanders of Western Europe(Smyrnium
Olusatrum).
OLYMPIAD,A period of four years, by which the ancient Greeks reckonedtime, being
the interval from one celebration of the Olympic games toanother, beginning with
the victory of Coroebus in the foot race,which took place in the year 776 b.c.; as,
the era of the olympiads.
OLYMPIANISM,Worship of the Olympian gods, esp. as a dominant cult orreligion.
OLYMPIONIC,An ode in honor of a victor in the Olympic games. [R.] Johnson.
OM,A mystic syllable or ejaculation used by Hindus and Buddhistsin religious rites,
-- orig. among the Hindus an exclamation ofassent, like Amen, then an invocation,
and later a symbol of thetrinity formed by Vishnu, Siva, and Brahma. -- Om mani
padme hun, asacred formula of buddhism (esp. of the Lamaists) translated "O,
theJewel in the Lotus, Amen," and referring to Amitabha, who is commonlyrepresented
as standing or sitting within a lotus.
OMAGRA,Gout in the shoulder.
OMAHAS,A tribe of Indians who inhabited the south side of the MissouriRiver. They
are now partly civilized and occupy a reservation inNebraska.
OMANDER WOOD,The wood of Diospyros ebenaster, a kind of ebony found inCeylon.
OMASUM,The third division of the stomach of ruminants. See Manyplies,and Illust.
under Ruminant.
OMBRE,A large Mediterranean food fish (Umbrina cirrhosa): -- calledalso umbra, and
umbrine.
OMBROMETER,An instrument for measuring the rain that falls; a rain gauge.
OMEGOID,Having the form of the Greek capital letter Omega (
OMELET,Eggs beaten up with a little flour, etc., and cooked in afrying pan; as, a
plain omelet.
OMEN,An occurrence supposed to portend, or show the character of,some future event;
any indication or action regarded as aforeshowing; a foreboding; a presage; an
augury.Bid go with evil omen, and the brand Of infamy upon my name. Milton.
OMENED,Attended by, or containing, an omen or omens; as, happy-omenedday.
OMENTAL,Of or pertaining to an omentum or the omenta.
OMENTUM,A free fold of the peritoneum, or one serving to connectviscera, support
blood vessels, etc.; an epiploön.
OMER,A Hebrew measure, the tenth of an ephah. See Ephah. Ex. xvi.36.
OMICRON,Lit., the little, or short, O, o; the fifteenth letter of theGreek
alphabet.
OMILETICAL,Homiletical. [Obs.]
OMINATE,To presage; to foreshow; to foretoken. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
OMINATION,The act of ominating; presaging. [Obs.] Fuller.
OMINOUS,Of or pertaining to an omen or to omens; being or exhibiting anomen;
significant; portentous; -- formerly used both in a favorableand unfavorable sense;
now chiefly in the latter; foreboding orforeshowing evil; inauspicious; as, an
ominous dread.He had a good ominous name to have made a peace. Bacon.In the heathen
worship of God, a sacrifice without a heart wasaccounted ominous. South.--
Om"i*nous*ly, adv.-- Om"i*nous*ness, n.
OMISSIBLE,Capable of being omitted; that may be omitted.
OMISSIVE,Leaving out; omitting. Bp. Hall.-- O*mis"sive*ly, adv.
OMITTANCE,The act of omitting, or the state of being omitted;forbearance; neglect.
Shak.
OMITTER,One who omits. Fuller.
OMMATEAL,Of or pertaining to an ommateum.
OMMATEUM,A compound eye, as of insects and crustaceans.
OMMATIDIUM,One of the single eyes forming the compound eyes ofcrustaceans, insects,
and other invertebrates.
OMNI-,A combining form denoting all, every, everywhere; as inomnipotent, all-
powerful; omnipresent.
OMNIBUS,A sheet-iron cover for articles in a leer or annealing arch, toprotect them
from drafts. Omnibus bill, a legislative bill whichprovides for a number of
miscellaneous enactments or appropriations.[Parliamentary Cant, U.S.] -- Omnibus
box, a large box in a theater,on a level with the stage and having communication
with it. [Eng.]Thackeray.
OMNICORPOREAL,Comprehending or including all bodies; embracing all substance.[R.]
Cudworth.
OMNIETY,That which is all-pervading or all-comprehensive; hence, theDeity.
[R.]Omniety formed nullity into an essence. Sir T. Browne.
OMNIFARIOUS,Of all varieties, forms, or kinds. "Omnifarious learning."Coleridge.
OMNIFEROUS,All-bearing; producing all kinds.
OMNIFIC,All-creating. "The omnific word." Milton.
OMNIFORM,Having every form or shape. Berkeley.
OMNIFORMITY,The condition or quality of having every form. Dr. H. More.
OMNIFY,To render universal; to enlarge. [R.]Omnify the disputed point into a
transcendent, and you may defy theopponent to lay hold of it. Coleridge.
OMNIGENOUS,Consisting of all kinds. [R.]
OMNIGRAPH,A pantograph. [R.]
OMNIPARIENT,Producing or bringing forth all things; all-producing. [R.]
OMNIPARITY,Equality in every part; general equality.
OMNIPAROUS,Producing all things; omniparient.
OMNIPATIENT,Capable of enduring all things. [R.] Carlyle.
OMNIPERCIPIENT,Perceiving everything. Dr. H. More.
OMNIPOTENTLY,In an omnipotent manner.
OMNIPRESENCE,Presence in every place at the same time; unbounded oruniversal
presence; ubiquity.His omnipresence fills Land, sea, and air, and every kind that
lives.Milton.
OMNIPRESENCY,Omnipresence. [Obs.]
OMNIPRESENT,Present in all places at the same time; ubiquitous; as, theomnipresent
Jehovah. Prior.
OMNIPRESENTIAL,Implying universal presence. [R.] South.
OMNIPREVALENT,Prevalent everywhere or in all things. Fuller.
OMNISCIENCE,The quality or state of being omniscient; -- an attributepeculiar to
God. Dryden.
OMNISCIENCY,Omniscience.
OMNISCIENT,Having universal knowledge; knowing all things; infinitelyknowing or
wise; as, the omniscient God.-- Om*nis"cient*ly, adv.For what can scape the eye Of
God all-seeing, or deceive his heartOmniscient Milton.
OMNISCIOUS,All-knowing. [Obs.] Hakewill.
OMNISPECTIVE,Beholding everything; capable of seeing all things; all-seeing.[R.]
"Omnispective Power!" Boyse.
OMNIUM,The aggregate value of the different stocks in which a loan togovernment is
now usually funded. M'Culloch.
OMNIUM-GATHERUM,A miscellaneous collection of things or persons; a confusedmixture;
a medley. [Colloq. & Humorous] Selden.
OMNIVAGANT,Wandering anywhere and everywhere. [R.]
OMNIVORA,A group of ungulate mammals including the hog and thehippopotamus. The
term is also sometimes applied to the bears, and tocertain passerine birds.
OMNIVOROUS,All-devouring; eating everything indiscriminately; as,omnivorous vanity;
esp. (Zoöl.), eating both animal and vegetablefood.-- Om*niv"o*rous*ness, n.
OMO-,A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with,or relation to,
the shoulder or the scapula.
OMOHYOID,Of or pertaining to the shoulder and the hyoid bone; as, theomohyoid
muscle.
OMOPHAGIC,Eating raw flesh; using uncooked meat as food; as, omophagicfeasts,
rites.
OMOPLATE,The shoulder blade, or scapula.
OMOSTEGITE,The part of the carapace of a crustacean situated behind thecervical
groove.
OMOSTERNAL,Of or pertaining to the omosternum.
OMPHACINE,Of, pertaining to, or expressed from, unripe fruit; as,omphacine oil.
OMPHALIC,Of or pertaining to the umbilicus, or navel.
OMPHALO-,A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to,the umbilicus,
or navel.
OMPHALOCELE,A hernia at the navel.
OMPHALODE,The central part of the hilum of a seed, through which thenutrient
vessels pass into the rhaphe or the chalaza; -- called alsoomphalodium.
OMPHALOMANCY,Divination by means of a child's navel, to learn how manychildren the
mother may have. Crabb.
OMPHALOMESARAIC,Omphalomesenteric.
OMPHALOMESENTERIC,Of or pertaining to the umbilicus and mesentery;omphalomesaraic;
as, the omphalomesenteric arteries and veins of afetus.
OMPHALOPSYCHITE,A name of the Hesychasts, from their habit of gazing upon thenavel.
OMPHALOS,The navel.
OMPHALOTOMY,The operation of dividing the navel-string.
OMY,Mellow, as land. [Prov.Eng.] Ray.
ON DIT,They say, or it is said.-- n.
ON,The general signification of on is situation, motion, orcondition with respect
to contact or support beneath; as: --
ON-HANGER,A hanger-on.
ON-LOOKER,A looker-on.
ON-LOOKING,Looking on or forward.
ONAGER,A military engine acting like a sling, which threw stones froma bag or
wooden bucket, and was operated by machinery. Fairholt.
ONAGGA,The dauw.
ONANISM,Self-pollution; masturbation.
ONAPPO,A nocturnal South American monkey (Callithrix discolor), notedfor its
agility; -- called also ventriloquist monkey.
ONCE,The ounce.
ONCIDIUM,A genus of tropical orchidaceous plants, the flower of onespecies of which
(O. Papilio) resembles a butterfly.
ONCOGRAPH,An instrument for registering the changes observable with anoncometer.
ONCOMETER,An instrument for measuring the variations in size of theinternal organs
of the body, as the kidney, spleen, etc.
ONCOST,In cost accounting, expenditure which is involved in theprocess of
manufacture or the performance of work and which cannot becharged directly to any
particular article manufactured or work done(as where different kinds of goods are
produced), but must beallocated so that each kind of goods or work shall bear its
propershare. [Brit.]
ONCOTOMY,The opening of an abscess, or the removal of a tumor, with acutting
instrument. [Written also onkotomy.] Dunglison.
ONDE,Hatred; fury; envy. [Obs.]
ONDOGRAM,The record of an ondograph.
ONDOGRAPH,An instrument for autographically recording the wave forms ofvarying
currents, esp. rapidly varying alternating currents.
ONDOMETER,An electric wave meter.
ONDOYANT,Wavy; having the surface marked by waves or slightly depressedfurrows; as,
ondoyant glass.
ONE,Any person, indefinitely; a person or body; as, what one wouldhave well done,
one should do one's self.It was well worth one's while. Hawthorne.Against this sort
of condemnation one must steel one's self as onebest can. G. Eliot.
ONE-HAND,Employing one hand; as, the one-hand alphabet. See Dactylology.
ONE-SIDED,Growing on one side of a stem; as, one-sided flowers.-- One`-sid"ed-ly,
adv.-- One`-sid"ed*ness, n.
ONEBERRY,The herb Paris. See Herb Paris, under Herb.
ONEIDAS,A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the region near OneidaLake in the
State of New York, and forming part of the Five Nations.Remnants of the tribe now
live in New York, Canada, and Wisconsin.
ONEIROCRITIC,An interpreter of dreams. Bp. Warburton. Addison.
ONEIROMANCY,Divination by means of dreams. De Quincey.
ONEIROSCOPIST,One who interprets dreams.
ONEIROSCOPY,The interpretation of dreams.
ONELINESS,The state of being one or single. [Obs.] Cudworth.
ONELY,See Only. [Obs.] Spenser.
ONEMENT,The state of being at one or reconciled. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ONENESS,The state of being one; singleness in number; individuality;unity.Our God
is one, or rather very oneness. Hooker.
ONERARY,Fitted for, or carrying, a burden. Johnson.
ONERATE,To load; to burden. [Obs.] Becon.
ONERATION,The act of loading. [Obs.]
ONEROUS,Burdensome; oppressive. "Too onerous a solicitude." I. Taylor.Onerous cause
(Scots Law), a good and legal consideration; -- opposedto gratuitous.
ONEROUSLY,In an onerous manner.
ONES,Once. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ONESELF,A reflexive form of the indefinite pronoun one. Commonly writenas two
words, one's self.One's self (or more properly oneself), is quite a modern form.
InElizabethan English we find a man's self=one's self. Morris.
ONETHE,Scarcely. See Unnethe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ONGOING,The act of going forward; progress; (pl.) affairs; business;current
events.The common ongoings of this our commonplace world, and everyday life.Prof.
Wilson.
ONGUENT,An unguent.
ONION,A liliaceous plant of the genus Allium (A.cepa), having astrong-flavored bulb
and long hollow leaves; also, its bulbous root,much used as an article of food. The
name is often extended to otherspecies of the genus. Onion fish (Zoöl.), the
grenadier.-- Onion fly (Zoöl.) a dipterous insect whose larva feeds upon theonion;
especially, Anthomyia ceparum and Ortalis flexa.-- Welsh onion. (Bot.) See Cibol.--
Wild onion (Bot.), a name given to several species of the genusAllium.
ONIONSKIN,A kind of thin translucent paper with a glossy finish.
ONIROCRITIC,See Oneirocritic.
ONLINESS,The state of being alone. [Obs.]
ONLOFT,Aloft; above ground. [Obs.]She kept her father's life onloft. Chaucer.
ONLY,Save or except (that); -- an adversative used elliptically withor without
that, and properly introducing a single fact orconsideration.He might have seemed
some secretary or clerk . . . only that his low,flat, unadorned cap . . . indicated
that he belonged to the city. SirW. Scott.
ONOCERIN,A white crystalline waxy substance extracted from the root ofthe
leguminous plant Ononis spinosa.
ONOLOGY,Foolish discourse. [R.]
ONOMANCY,Divination by the letters of a name; nomancy. [R.] Camden.
ONOMASTIC,Applied to a signature when the body of the instrument is inanother's
handwriting. Burrill.
ONOMASTICON,A collection of names and terms; a dictionary; specif., acollection of
Greek names, with explanatory notes, made by JuliusPollux about A.D.180.
ONOMATECHNY,Prognostication by the letters of a name.
ONOMATOLOGIST,One versed in the history of names. Southey.
ONOMATOLOGY,The science of names or of their classification.
ONOMATOPE,An imitative word; an onomatopoetic word.
ONOMATOPOEIA,The formation of words in imitation of sounds; a figure ofspeech in
which the sound of a word is imitative of the sound of thething which the word
represents; as, the buzz of bees; the hiss of agoose; the crackle of fire.
ONOMATOPOEIC,Onomatopoetic. Whitney.
ONOMATOPOETIC,Of or pertaining to onomatopoeia; characterized byonomatopoeia;
imitative; as, an onomatopoetic writer or word. Earle.
ONOMATOPY,Onomatopoeia.
ONOMOMANCY,See Onomancy.
ONONDAGAS,A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting what is now a part ofthe State of
New York. They were the central or head tribe of theFive Nations.
ONRUSH,A rushing onward.
ONSTEAD,A single farmhouse; a steading. [Prov.Eng. & Scot.] Grose.Jamieson.
ONTO,On the top of; upon; on. See On to, under On, prep.
ONTOGENETIC,Of or pertaining to ontogenesis; as, ontogenetic phenomena.--
On`to*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
ONTOGENIC,Ontogenetic.
ONTOLOGIC,Ontological.
ONTOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to ontology.
ONTOLOGICALLY,In an ontological manner.
ONTOLOGIST,One who is versed in or treats of ontology. Edin. Rev.
ONTOLOGY,That department of the science of metaphysics whichinvestigates and
explains the nature and essential properties andrelations of all beings, as such,
or the principles and causes ofbeing.
ONUS,A burden; an obligation. Onus probandi ( Etym: [L.], obligationto furnish
evidence to prove a thing; the burden of proof.
ONWARD,Toward a point before or in front; forward; progressively; as,to move
onward.Not one looks backward, onward still he goes. Pope.
ONWARDNESS,Progress; advancement.
ONWARDS,Onward.
ONY,Any. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ONYCHOMANCY,Divination by the nails.
ONYCHOPHORA,Malacopoda.
ONYX,Chalcedony in parallel layers of different shades of color. Itis used for
making cameos, the figure being cut in one layer with thenext as a ground. Onyx
marble, a banded variety of marble or calciumcarbonate resembling onyx. It is
obtained from Mexico.
OO,One. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OOECIUM,One of the special zooids, or cells, of Bryozoa, destined toreceive and
develop ova; an ovicell. See Bryozoa.
OOIDAL,Shaped like an egg.
OOK,Oak. [Obs.] "A branched ook." Chaucer.
OOLONG,A fragrant variety of black tea having somewhat the flavor ofgreen tea.
[Written also oulong.]
OON,One. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OONES,Once. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OOP,To bind with a thread or cord; to join; to unite. [Scot.]Jamieson.
OORDOBA,The monetary unit of Nicaragua, equivalent to the United Statesgold dollar.
OOZE LEATHER,Leather made from sheep and calf skins by mechanically forcingooze
through them; esp., such leather with a soft, finely granulatedfinish (called
sometimes velvet finish) put on the flesh side forspecial purposes. Ordinary ooze
leather is used for shoe uppers, inbookbinding, etc. Hence Ooze calf, Ooze finish,
etc.
OOZE,To cause to ooze. Alex. Smith.
OOZY,Miry; containing soft mud; resembling ooze; as, the oozy bed ofa river. Pope.
OPACATE,To darken; to cloud. [Obs.] Boyle.
OPACOUS,Opaque. [R.] Milton.-- O*pa"cous*ness, n. [R.]
OPACULAR,Opaque. [Obs.] Sterne.
OPAH,A large oceanic fish (Lampris quttatus), inhabiting theAtlantic Ocean. It is
remarkable for its brilliant colors, which arered, green, and blue, with tints of
purple and gold, covered withround silvery spots. Called also king of the herrings.
OPAKE,See Opaque.
OPAL,A mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior toquartz in
hardness and specific gravity.
OPALESCE,To give forth a play of colors, like the opal.
OPALESCENCE,A reflection of a milky or pearly light from the interior of amineral,
as in the moonstone; the state or quality of beingopalescent.
OPALESCENT,Reflecting a milky or pearly light from the interior; having anopaline
play of colors.
OPALINE,Of, pertaining to, or like, opal in appearance; havingchangeable colors
like those of the opal.
OPALIZE,To convert into opal, or a substance like opal. Lyell.
OPALOTYPE,A picture taken on "milky" glass.
OPAQUE,That which is opaque; opacity. Young.
OPAQUENESS,The state or quality of being impervious to light; opacity. Dr.H. More.
OPE,Open. [Poetic] Spenser.On Sunday heaven's gate stands ope. Herbert.
OPEIDOSCOPE,An instrument, consisting of a tube having one end open and theother
end covered with a thin flexible membrance to the center ofwhich is attached a
small mirror. It is used for exhibiting upon ascreen, by means of rays reflected
from the mirror, the vibratorymotions caused by sounds produced at the open end of
the tube, as byspeaking or singing into it. A. E. Dolbear.
OPELET,A bright-colored European actinian (Anemonia, or Anthea,sulcata); -- so
called because it does not retract its tentacles.
OPEN SEA,A sea open to all nations. See Mare clausum.
OPEN VERDICT,A verdict on a preliminary investigation, finding the fact of acrime
but not stating the criminal, or finding the fact of a violentdeath without
disclosing the cause.
OPEN,Open or unobstructed space; clear land, without trees orobstructions; open
ocean; open water. "To sail into the open." Jowett(Thucyd. ).Then we got into the
open. W. Black.In open, in full view; without concealment; openly. [Obs.] Beau.
&Fl.
OPEN-AIR,Taking place in the open air; outdoor; as, an open-air game ormeeting.
OPEN-EYED,With eyes widely open; watchful; vigilant. Shak.
OPEN-HANDED,Generous; liberal; munificent.-- O"pen-hand`ed*ness, n. J. S. Mill.
OPEN-HEADED,Bareheaded. [Obs.]
OPEN-HEARTED,Candid; frank; generous. Dryden.-- O"pen-heart`ed*ly, adv.-- O"pen-
heart`ed*ness, n. Walton.
OPEN-HEARTH STEEL,See under Open.
OPEN-MOUTHED,Having the mouth open; gaping; hence, greedy; clamorous.L'Estrange.
OPENBILL,A bird of the genus Anastomus, allied to the stork; -- socalled because
the two parts of the bill touch only at the base andtip. One species inhabits
India, another Africa. Called also open-beak. See Illust. (m), under Beak.
OPENER,One who, or that which, opens. "True opener of my eyes."Milton.
OPENNESS,The quality or state of being open.
OPENWORK,A quarry; an open cut. Raymond.
OPERABLE,Practicable. [Obs.]
OPERAMETER,An instrument or machine for measuring work done, especiallyfor
ascertaining the number of rotations made by a machine or wheelin manufacturing
cloth; a counter. Ure.
OPERAND,The symbol, quantity, or thing upon which a mathematicaloperation is
performed; -- called also faciend.
OPERANT,Operative. [R.] Shak.-- n.
OPERATE,To perform some manual act upon a human body in a methodicalmanner, and
usually with instruments, with a view to restoresoundness or health, as in
amputation, lithotomy, etc.
OPERATION,Something to be done; some transformation to be made uponquantities, the
transformation being indicated either by rules orsymbols.
OPERATIVE,Based upon, or consisting of, an operation or operations; as,operative
surgery.
OPERATIVELY,In an operative manner.
OPERATOR,One who performs some act upon the human body by means of thehand, or with
instruments.
OPERATORY,A laboratory. [Obs.]
OPERCLE,Any one of the bony plates which support the gill covers offishes; an
opercular bone.
OPERCULA,See Operculum.
OPERCULAR,Of, pertaining to, or like, an operculum.
OPERCULIFEROUS,Bearing an operculum.
OPERCULIFORM,Having the form of a lid or cover.
OPERCULIGENOUS,Producing an operculum; -- said of the foot, or part of thefoot, of
certain mollusks.
OPERETTA,A short, light, musical drama.
OPEROSE,Wrought with labor; requiring labor; hence, tedious; wearisome."Operose
proceeding." Burke. "A very operose calculation." DeQuincey.-- Op"er*ose`ly, adv.--
Op"er*ose`ness, n.
OPEROSITY,Laboriousness. [R.] Bp. Hall.
OPEROUS,Operose. [Obs.] Holder.-- Op"er*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]
OPERTANEOUS,Concealed; private. [R.]
OPETIDE,Open time; -- applied to different things:(a) The early spring, or the time
when flowers begin opening.[Archaic] Nares.(b) The time between Epiphany and Ash
Wednesday wherein marriageswere formerly solemnized publicly in churches. [Eng.](c)
The time after harvest when the common fields are open to allkinds of stock.
[Prov.Eng.] Halliwell. [Written also opentide.]
OPHELIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a substance (called ophelicacid)
extracted from a plant (Ophelia) of the Gentian family as abitter yellowish sirup,
used in India as a febrifuge and tonic.
OPHICLEIDE,A large brass wind instrument, formerly used in the orchestraand in
military bands, having a loud tone, deep pitch, and a compassof three octaves; --
now generally supplanted by bass and contrabasstubas. Moore (Encyc. of Music).
OPHIDIA,The order of reptiles which includes the serpents.
OPHIDIAN,One of the Ophidia; a snake or serpent.
OPHIDIOID,Of or pertaining to the Ophidiidæ, a family of fishes whichincludes many
slender species.-- n.
OPHIDION,The typical genus of ophidioid fishes. [Written also Ophidium.]See Illust.
under Ophidioid.
OPHIDIOUS,Ophidian.
OPHIOLATRY,The worship of serpents.
OPHIOLOGIST,One versed in the natural history of serpents.
OPHIOLOGY,That part of natural history which treats of the ophidians, orserpents.
OPHIOMANCY,Divination by serpents, as by their manner of eating, or bytheir coils.
OPHIOMORPHA,An order of tailless amphibians having a slender, wormlike bodywith
regular annulations, and usually with minute scales imbedded inthe skin. The limbs
are rudimentary or wanting. It includes thecæcilians. Called also Gymnophiona and
Ophidobatrachia.
OPHIOMORPHITE,An ammonite.
OPHIOMORPHOUS,Having the form of a serpent.
OPHIOPHAGOUS,Feeding on serpents; -- said of certain birds and reptiles.
OPHIOPHAGUS,A genus of venomous East Indian snakes, which feed on othersnakes.
Ophiophagus elaps is said to be the largest and most deadlyof poisonous snakes.
OPHITE,Of or pertaining to a serpent. [Obs.]
OPHIUCHUS,A constellation in the Northern Hemisphere, delineated as a manholding a
serpent in his hands; -- called also Serpentarius.
OPHIURA,A genus of ophiurioid starfishes.
OPHIURAN,Of or pertaining to the Ophiurioidea.-- n.
OPHIURID,Same as Ophiurioid.
OPHIURIDA,Same as Ophiurioidea.
OPHIURIOID,Of or pertaining to the Ophiurioidea.-- n.
OPHRYON,The supraorbital point.
OPHTHALMIA,An inflammation of the membranes or coats of the eye or of theeyeball.
OPHTHALMIC,Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the eye; ocular; as
theophthalmic, or orbitonasal, nerve, a division of the trigeminal,which gives
branches to the lachrymal gland, eyelids, nose, andforehead. Ophthalmic region
(Zoöl.), the space around the eyes.
OPHTHALMITE,An eyestalk; the organ which bears the compound eyes of
decapodCrustacea.
OPHTHALMOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to ophthalmology.
OPHTHALMOLOGIST,One skilled in ophthalmology; an oculist.
OPHTHALMOLOGY,The science which treats of the structure, functions, anddiseases of
the eye.
OPHTHALMOMETER,An instrument devised by Helmholtz for measuring the size of
areflected image on the convex surface of the cornea and lens of theeye, by which
their curvature can be ascertained.
OPHTHALMOSCOPE,An instrument for viewing the interior of the eye, particularlythe
retina. Light is thrown into the eye by a mirror (usuallyconcave) and the interior
is then examined with or without the aid ofa lens.-- Oph*thal`mo*scop"ic, a.
OPHTHALMY,Same as Ophthalmia.
OPIANIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained bythe oxidation
of narcotine.
OPIANINE,An alkaloid found in small quantity in opium. It is identicalwith
narcotine.
OPIANYL,Same as Meconin.
OPIATE,Inducing sleep; somniferous; narcotic; hence, anodyne; causingrest,
dullness, or inaction; as, the opiate rod of Hermes. Milton.
OPIE,Opium. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OPIFEROUS,Bringing help. [R.]
OPIFICE,Workmanship. [Obs.] Bailey.
OPIFICER,An artificer; a workman. [Obs.] "The almighty opificer."Bentley.
OPINABLE,Capable of being opined or thought. Holland.
OPINATION,The act of thinking; a supposition. [Obs.]
OPINATIVE,Obstinate in holding opinions; opinionated. [Obs.] --O*pin"a*tive*ly,
adv. [Obs.] Burton. Sir T. More.
OPINATOR,One fond of his own opinious; one who holds an opinion. [Obs.]Glanvill.
OPINE,To have an opinion; to judge; to think; to suppose. South.
OPINER,One who opines. Jer. Taylor.
OPINIASTROUS,See Opiniaster. [Obs.].
OPINIATE,To hold or maintain persistently. [Obs.] Barrow.
OPINIATED,Opinionated. [Obs.]
OPINIATIVE,Opinionative. Glanvill.-- O*pin"ia*tive*ly, adv.-- O*pin"ia*tive*ness,
n.
OPINIATRE,See Opiniaster. [Obs.] Locke.
OPINIATRETY,Obstinacy in opinious. [Written also opiniatry.] [Obs.]
OPINICUS,An imaginary animal borne as a charge, having wings, an eagle'shead, and a
short tail; -- sometimes represented without wings.
OPINING,Opinion. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
OPINION,The formal decision, or expression of views, of a judge, anumpire, a
counselor, or other party officially called upon toconsider and decide upon a
matter or point submitted. To be ofopinion, to think; to judge.-- To hold opinion
with, to agree with. [Obs.] Shak.
OPINIONABLE,Being, or capable of being, a matter of opinion; that can bethought;
not positively settled; as, an opinionable doctrine. C. J.Ellicott.
OPINIONATE,Opinionated.
OPINIONATED,Stiff in opinion; firmly or unduly adhering to one's ownopinion or to
preconceived notions; obstinate in opinion. Sir W.Scott.
OPINIONATELY,Conceitedly. Feltham.
OPINIONATIST,An opinionist. [Obs.]
OPINIONATOR,An opinionated person; one given to conjecture. [Obs.] South.
OPINIONED,Opinionated; conceited.His opinioned zeal which he thought judicious.
Milton.
OPINIONIST,One fond of his own notions, or unduly attached to his ownopinions.
Glanvill.
OPIPAROUS,Sumptuous. [Obs.] -- O*pip"a*rous*ly, adv. [Obs.] E.Waterhouse.
OPISOMETER,An instrument with a revolving wheel for measuring a curvedline, as on a
map.
OPISTHION,The middle of the posterior, or dorsal, margin of the greatforamen of the
skull.
OPISTHOBRANCHIATE,Of or pertaining to the Opisthobranchiata.-- n.
OPISTHODOME,A back chamber; especially, that part of the naos, or cella,farthest
from the main entrance, sometimes having an entrance of itsown, and often used as a
treasury.
OPISTHOGLYPHA,A division of serpents which have some of the posteriormaxillary
teeth grooved for fangs.
OPISTHOGRAPHY,A writing upon the back of anything, as upon the back of a leafor
sheet already written upon on one side. [R.] Scudamore.
OPISTHOMI,An order of eellike fishes having the scapular arch attached tothe
vertebræ, but not connected with the skull.
OPISTHOPULMONATE,Having the pulmonary sac situated posteriorly; -- said ofcertain
air-breathing Mollusca.
OPISTHOTIC,The inferior and posterior of the three elements forming theperiotic
bone.
OPISTHOTONOS,A tetanic spasm in which the body is bent backwards andstiffened.
OPITULATION,The act of helping or aiding; help. [Obs.] Bailey.
OPIUM,The inspissated juice of the Papaver somniferum, or whitepoppy.
OPLE TREE,The witch-hazel. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
OPOLCHENIE,See Army organization, above.
OPOPANAX,The inspissated juice of an umbelliferous plant (the OpoponaxChironum),
brought from Turkey and the East Indies in loose granules,or sometimes in larger
masses, of a reddish yellow color, with specksof white. It has a strong smell and
acrid taste, and was formerlyused in medicine as an emmenagogue and antispasmodic.
Dunglison.
OPOSSUM,Any American marsupial of the genera Didelphys and Chironectes.The common
species of the United States is Didelphys Virginiana.
OPPIDAN,Of or pertaining to a town. Howell.
OPPIGNERATE,To pledge; to pawn. [Obs.] Bacon.
OPPILATE,To crowd together; to fill with obstructions; to block up.[Obs.] Cockeram.
OPPILATION,The act of filling or crowding together; a stopping byredundant matter;
obstruction, particularly in the lower intestines.Jer. Taylor.
OPPILATIVE,Obstructive. [Obs.] Sherwood.
OPPLETION,The act of filling up, or the state of being filled up;fullness. [Obs.]
OPPONE,To oppose. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
OPPONENCY,The act of opening an academical disputation; the propositionof
objections to a tenet, as an exercise for a degree. [Eng.] Todd.
OPPONENT,Situated in front; opposite; hence, opposing; adverse;antagonistic. Pope.
OPPORTUNE,Convenient; ready; hence, seasonable; timely. Milton.This is most
opportune to our need. Shak.-- Op`por*tune"ly, adv.-- Op`por*tune"ness, n.
OPPORTUNISM,The art or practice of taking advantage of opportunities
orcircumstances, or of seeking immediate advantage with little regardfor ultimate
consequences. [Recent]
OPPORTUNIST,One who advocates or practices opportunism. [Recent]
OPPOSABILITY,The condition or quality of being opposable.In no savage have I ever
seen the slightest approach to opposabilityof the great toe, which is the essential
distinguishing feature ofapes. A. R. Wallace.
OPPOSAL,Opposition. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.
OPPOSELESS,Not to be effectually opposed; irresistible. [Obs.] "Your
greatopposeless wills." Shak.
OPPOSER,One who opposes; an opponent; an antagonist; an adversary.
OPPOSITELY,In a situation to face each other; in an opposite manner ordirection;
adversely.Winds from all quarters oppositely blow. May.
OPPOSITENESS,The quality or state of being opposite.
OPPOSITIFOLIOUS,Placed at the same node with a leaf, but separated from it bythe
whole diameter of the stem; as, an oppositifolious peduncle.
OPPOSITION,The situation of a heavenly body with respect to another whenin the part
of the heavens directly opposite to it; especially, theposition of a planet or
satellite when its longitude differs fromthat of the sun 180º; -- signified by the
symbol as, .
OPPOSITIONIST,One who belongs to the opposition party. Praed.
OPPOSITIPETALOUS,Placed in front of a petal.
OPPOSITISEPALOUS,Placed in front of a sepal.
OPPOSITIVE,Capable of being put in opposition. Bp. Hall.
OPPRESSOR,One who oppresses; one who imposes unjust burdens on others;one who
harasses others with unjust laws or unreasonable severity.The orphan pines while
the oppressor feeds. Shak.To relieve the oppressed and to punish the oppressor.
Swift.
OPPRESSURE,Oppression. [Obs.]
OPPROBRIUM,Disgrace; infamy; reproach mingled with contempt; abusivelanguage.Being
both dramatic author and dramatic performer, he found himselfheir to a twofold
opprobrium. De Quincey.
OPPROBRY,Opprobrium. [Obs.] Johnson.
OPPUGN,To fight against; to attack; to be in conflict with; to oppose;to
resist.They said the manner of their impeachment they could not but conceivedid
oppugn the rights of Parliament. Clarendon.
OPPUGNANCY,The act of oppugning; opposition; resistance. Shak.
OPPUGNANT,Tending to awaken hostility; hostile; opposing; warring."Oppugnant
forces." I. Taylor.-- n.
OPPUGNATION,Opposition. [R.] Bp. Hall.
OPPUGNER,One who opposes or attacks; that which opposes. Selden.
OPSIMATHY,Education late in life. [R.] Hales.
OPSIOMETER,An instrument for measuring the limits of distincts vision indifferent
individuals, and thus determiming the proper focal lengthof a lens for correcting
imperfect sight. Brande & C.
OPSONATION,A catering; a buying of provisions. [Obs.] Bailey.
OPTABLE,That may be chosen; desirable. [Obs.] Cockeram.
OPTATE,To choose; to wish for; to desire. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
OPTATION,The act of optating; a wish. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
OPTATIVE,Expressing desire or wish. Fuller. Optative mood (Gram.), thatmood or form
of a verb, as in Greek, Sanskrit, etc., in which a wishor desire is expressed.
OPTATIVELY,In an optative manner; with the expression of desire. [R.]God blesseth
man imperatively, and man blesseth God optatively. Bp.Hall.
OPTICALLY,By optics or sight; with reference to optics. Optically active,Optically
inactive (Chem. Physics), terms used of certain metamericsubstances which, while
identical with each other in other respects,differ in this, viz., that they do or
do not produce right-handed orleft-handed circular polarization of light.--
Optically positive, Optically negative. See under Refraction.
OPTICS,That branch of physical science which treats of the nature andproperties of
light, the laws of its modification by opaque andtransparent bodies, and the
phenomena of vision.
OPTIGRAPH,A telescope with a diagonal eyepiece, suspended vertically ingimbals by
the object end beneath a fixed diagonal plane mirror. Itis used for delineating
landscapes, by means of a pencil at the eyeend which leaves the delineation on
paper.
OPTIMATE,Of or pertaining to the nobility or aristocracy. [R.] -- n.
OPTIMATES,The nobility or aristocracy of ancient Rome, as opposed to thepopulares.
OPTIME,One of those who stand in the second rank of honors,immediately after the
wranglers, in the University of Cambridge,England. They are divided into senior and
junior optimes.
OPTIMISM,The opinion or doctrine that everything in nature, being thework of God,
is ordered for the best, or that the ordering of thingsin the universe is such as
to produce the highest good.
OPTIMIST,One who holds the opinion that all events are ordered for thebest.
OPTIMISTIC,Of or pertaining to optimism; tending, or conforming, to theopinion that
all events are ordered for the best.
OPTIMITY,The state of being best. [R.] Bailey.
OPTION,A right formerly belonging to an archbishop to select any onedignity or
benefice in the gift of a suffragan bishop consecrated orconfirmed by him, for
bestowal by himself when next vacant; --annulled by Parliament in 1845.
OPTIONAL,Involving an option; depending on the exercise of an option;left to one's
discretion or choice; not compulsory; as, optionalstudies; it is optional with you
to go or stay.-- n.
OPTIONALLY,In an optional manner.
OPTOGRAM,An image of external objects fixed on the retina by thephotochemical
action of light on the visual purple. See Optography.
OPTOGRAPHY,The production of an optogram on the retina by thephotochemical action
of light on the visual purple; the fixation ofan image in the eye. The object so
photographed shows white on apurple or red background. See Visual purple, under
Visual.
OPTOMETER,An instrument for measuring the distance of distinct vision,mainly for
the selection of eveglasses.
OPTOMETRIST,One who is skilled in or practices optometry.
OPULENCE,Wealth; riches; affluence. Swift
OPULENCY,See Opulence. Shak.
OPULENT,Having a large estate or property; wealthy; rich; affluent; as,an opulent
city; an opulent citizen.-- Op"u*lent*ly, adv.I will piece Her opulent throne with
kingdoms. Shak.
OPUNTIA,A genus of cactaceous plants; the prickly pear, or Indian fig.
OPUS,A work; specif. (Mus.), a musical composition.
OPUSCULUM,An opuscule. Smart.
OPYE,Opium. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OQUASSA,A small, handsome trout (Salvelinus oquassa), found in some ofthe lakes in
Maine; -- called also blueback trout.
OR,A particle that marks an alternative; as, you may read or maywrite, -- that is,
you may do one of the things at your pleasure, butnot both. It corresponds to
either. You may ride either to London orto Windsor. It often connects a series of
words or propositions,presenting a choice of either; as, he may study law, or
medicine, ordivinity, or he may enter into trade.If man's convenience, health, Or
safety interfere, his rights andclaims Are paramount. Cowper.
ORA,A money of account among the Anglo-Saxons, valued, in theDomesday Book, at
twenty pence sterling.
ORABASSU,A South American monkey of the genus Callithrix, esp. C.Moloch.
ORACLE,The sanctuary, or Most Holy place in the temple; also, thetemple itself. 1
Kings vi. 19.Siloa's brook, that flow'd Fast by the oracle of God. Milton.
ORACULOUS,Oracular; of the nature of an oracle. [R.] "Equivocations, ororaculous
speeches." Bacon. "The oraculous seer." Pope.-- O*rac"u*lous*ly, adv.--
O*rac"u*lous*ness, n.
ORAGIOUS,Stormy. [R.]
ORAISON,See Orison. [Obs.] Shak.
ORANG,See Orang-outang.
ORANG-OUTANG,An arboreal anthropoid ape (Simia satyrus), which inhabitsBorneo and
Sumatra. Often called simply orang. [Written also orang-outan, orang-utan, ourang-
utang, and oran-utan.]
ORANGE,The tree that bears oranges; the orange tree.
ORANGEADE,A drink made of orange juice and water, corresponding tolemonade; orange
sherbet.
ORANGEAT,Candied orange peel; also, orangeade.
ORANGEISM,Attachment to the principles of the society of Orangemen; thetenets or
practices of the Orangemen.
ORANGEMAN,One of a secret society, organized in the north of Ireland in1795, the
professed objects of which are the defense of the regningsovereign of Great
Britain, the support of the Protestant religion,the maintenance of the laws of the
kingdom, etc.; -- so called inhonor of William, Prince of Orange, who became
William III. ofEngland.
ORANGEROOT,An American ranunculaceous plant (Hidrastis Canadensis), havinga yellow
tuberous root; -- also called yellowroot, golden seal, etc.
ORANGERY,A place for raising oranges; a plantation of orange trees.
ORANGETAWNY,Deep orange-yellow; dark yellow. Shak.
ORANGITE,An orange-yellow variety of the mineral thorite, found inNorway.
ORARIAN,Of or pertaining to a coast.
ORATION,An elaborate discourse, delivered in public, treating animportant subject
in a formal and dignified manner; especially, adiscourse having reference to some
special occasion, as a funeral, ananniversary, a celebration, or the like; --
distinguished from anargument in court, a popular harangue, a sermon, a lecture,
etc.; as,Webster's oration at Bunker Hill.The lord archbishop . . . made a long
oration. Bacon.
ORATOR,An officer who is the voice of the university upon all publicoccasions, who
writes, reads, and records all letters of a publicnature, presents, with an
appropriate address, those persons on whomhonorary degrees are to be conferred, and
performs other like duties;-- called also public orator.
ORATORIAL,Oratorical. [R.] Swift. --Or`a*to"ri*al*ly, adv.
ORATORIAN,Oratorical. [Obs.] R. North.
ORATORICAL,Of or pertaining to an orator or to oratory; characterized byoratory;
rhetorical; becoming to an orator; as, an oratoricaltriumph; an oratorical essay.--
Or`a*tor"ic*al*ly, adv.
ORATORIO,A more or less dramatic text or poem, founded on some Scripturenerrative,
or great divine event, elaborately set to music, inrecitative, arias, grand
choruses, etc., to be sung with anorchestral accompaniment, but without action,
scenery, or costume,although the oratorio grew out of the Mysteries and the Miracle
andPassion plays, which were acted.
ORATORIOUS,Oratorical. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.-- Or`a*to"ri*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]
ORATORIZE,To play the orator. [Jocose or derisive] Dickens.
ORATORY,A place of orisons, or prayer; especially, a chapel or smallroom set apart
for private devotions.An oratory [temple] . . . in worship of Dian. Chaucer.Do not
omit thy prayers for want of a good oratory, or place to prayin. Jer.
Taylor.Fathers of the Oratory (R. C. Ch.), a society of priests founded bySt.
Philip Neri, living in community, and not bound by a special vow.The members are
called also oratorians.
ORATRESS,A woman who makes public addresses. Warner.
ORATRIX,A woman plaintiff, or complainant, in equity pleading. Burrill.
ORB,A blank window or panel. [Obs.] Oxf. Gloss.
ORBATE,Bereaved; fatherless; childless. [Obs.]
ORBATION,The state of being orbate, or deprived of parents or children;privation,
in general; bereavement. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ORBED,Having the form of an orb; round.The orbèd eyelids are let down. Trench.
ORBICLE,A small orb, or sphere. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
ORBICULA,Same as Discina.
ORBICULAR,Resembling or having the form of an orb; spherical;
circular;orbiculate.-- Or*bic"u*lar*ly, adv.-- Or*bic"u*lar*ness, n.Orbicular as
the disk of a planet. De Quincey.
ORBICULATE,That which is orbiculate; especially, a solid the verticalsection of
which is oval, and the horizontal section circular.
ORBICULATION,The state or quality of being orbiculate; orbicularness. Dr. H.More.
ORBIT,The path described by a heavenly body in its periodicalrevolution around
another body; as, the orbit of Jupiter, of theearth, of the moon.
ORBITAL,Of or pertaining to an orbit. "Orbital revolution." J. D.Forbes. Orbital
index (Anat.), in the skull, the ratio of thevertical height to the transverse
width of the orbit, which is takenas the standard, equal to 100.
ORBITAR,Orbital. [R.] Dunglison.
ORBITARY,Situated around the orbit; as, the orbitary feathers of a bird.
ORBITELAE,A division of spiders, including those that make geometricalwebs, as the
garden spider, or Epeira.
ORBITOLITES,A genus of living Foraminifera, forming broad, thin, circulardisks,
containing numerous small chambers.
ORBITONASAL,Of or pertaining to the orbit and the nose; as, theorbitonasal, or
ophthalmic, nerve.
ORBITOSPHENOID,Of or pertaining to the sphenoid bone and the orbit, or to
theorbitosphenoid bone.-- n.
ORBITOSPHENOIDAL,Of or pertaining to the orbitosphenoid bone; orbitosphenoid.
ORBITUARY,Orbital. [R.]
ORBULINA,A genus of minute living Foraminifera having a globular shell.
ORBY,Orblike; having the course of an orb; revolving. [Obs.] "Orbyhours." Chapman.
ORC,The grampus. [Written also ork and orch.] Milton.
ORCADIAN,Of or pertaining to the Orkney Islands.
ORCEIN,A reddish brown amorphous dyestuff,
ORCHAL,See Archil.
ORCHANET,Same as Alkanet, 2. Ainsworth.
ORCHARDIST,One who cultivates an orchard.
ORCHEL,Archil.
ORCHESOGRAPHY,A treatise upon dancing. [R.]
ORCHESTER,See Orchestra.
ORCHESTIAN,Any species of amphipod crustacean of the genus Orchestia, orfamily
Orchestidæ. See Beach flea, under Beach.
ORCHESTRA,The instruments employed by a full band, collectively; as, anorchestra of
forty stringed instruments, with proper complement ofwind instruments.
ORCHESTRAL,Of or pertaining to an orchestra; suitable for, or performed inor by, an
orchestra.
ORCHESTRATION,The arrangement of music for an orchestra; orchestral treatmentof a
composition; -- called also instrumentation.
ORCHESTRE,See Orchestra.
ORCHESTRIC,Orchestral.
ORCHESTRION,A large music box imitating a variety of orchestralinstruments.
ORCHID,Any plant of the order Orchidaceæ. See Orchidaceous.
ORCHIDACEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order (Orchidaceæ)
ofendogenous plants of which the genus Orchis is the type. They aremostly perennial
herbs having the stamens and pistils united in asingle column, and normally three
petals and three sepals, alladherent to the ovary. The flowers are curiously
shaped, oftenresembling insects, the odd or lower petal (called the lip)
beingunlike the others, and sometimes of a strange and unexpectedappearance. About
one hundred species occur in the United States, butseveral thousand in the tropics.
ORCHIDEAN,Orchidaceous.
ORCHIDEOUS,Same as Orchidaceous.
ORCHIDOLOGIST,One versed in orchidology.
ORCHIDOLOGY,The branch of botany which treats of orchids.
ORCHIL,See Archil.
ORCHILLA WEED,The lichen from which archil is obtained. See Archil.
ORCHIS,A genus of endogenous plants growing in the North Temperatezone, and
consisting of about eighty species. They are perennialherbs growing from a tuber
(beside which is usually found the lastyear's tuber also), and are valued for their
showy flowers. SeeOrchidaceous.
ORCHITIS,Inflammation of the testicles.
ORCHOTOMY,The operation of cutting out or removing a testicle by theknife;
castration.
ORCIN,A colorless crystalline substance, C6H3.CH3.(OH)2, which isobtained from
certain lichens (Roccella, Lecanora, etc.), also fromextract of aloes, and
artificially from certain derivatives oftoluene. It changes readily into orcein.
ORD,An edge or point; also, a beginning. [ Obs. or Prov. Eng.]Chaucer. Ord and end,
the beginning and end. Cf. Odds and ends, underOdds. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.
Halliwell.
ORDAIN,To invest with ministerial or sacerdotal functions; tointroduce into the
office of the Christian ministry, by the laying onof hands, or other forms; to set
apart by the ceremony of ordination.Meletius was ordained by Arian bishops. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
ORDAINABLE,Capable of being ordained; worthy to be ordained or appointed.Bp. Hall.
ORDAINER,One who ordains.
ORDAINMENT,Ordination. [R.] Burke.
ORDAL,Ordeal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ORDALIAN,Of or pertaining to trial by ordeal. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
ORDEAL,Of or pertaining to trial by ordeal.
ORDER,The disposition of a column and its component parts, and of theentablature
resting upon it, in classical architecture; hence (as thecolumn and entablature are
the characteristic features of classicalarchitecture) a style or manner of
architectural designing.
ORDERABLE,Capable of being ordered; tractable. [R.]Being very orderable in all his
sickness. Fuller.
ORDERING,Disposition; distribution; management. South.
ORDERLESS,Being without order or regularity; disorderly; out of rule.
ORDERLINESS,The state or quality of being orderly.
ORDERLY,According to due order; regularly; methodically; duly.You are blunt; go to
it orderly. Shak.
ORDINABILITY,Capability of being ordained or appointed. [Obs.] Bp. Bull.
ORDINABLE,Capable of being ordained or appointed. [Obs.]
ORDINAL,The book of forms for making, ordaining, and consecratingbishops, priests,
and deacons.
ORDINALISM,The state or quality of being ordinal. [R.] Latham.
ORDINANCE,An established rite or ceremony.
ORDINAND,One about to be ordained.
ORDINANT,Ordaining; decreeing. [Obs.] Shak.
ORDINARILY,According to established rules or settled method; as a rule;commonly;
usually; in most cases; as, a winter more than ordinarilysevere.Those who
ordinarily pride themselves not a little upon theirpenetration. I. Taylor.
ORDINARY,One who has immediate jurisdiction in matters ecclesiastical;an
ecclesiastical judge; also, a deputy of the bishop, or a clergymanappointed to
perform divine service for condemned criminals andassist in preparing them for
death.(c) (Am. Law) A judicial officer, having generally the powers of ajudge of
probate or a surrogate.
ORDINARYSHIP,The state of being an ordinary. [R.] Fuller.
ORDINATE,Well-ordered; orderly; regular; methodical. "A life blissfuland ordinate."
Chaucer. Ordinate figure (Math.), a figure whose sidesand angles are equal; a
regular figure.
ORDINATELY,In an ordinate manner; orderly. Chaucer. Skelton.
ORDINATION,The act of setting apart to an office in the Christianministry; the
conferring of holy orders.
ORDINATIVE,Tending to ordain; directing; giving order. [R.] Gauden.
ORDINATOR,One who ordains or establishes; a director. [R.] T. Adams.
ORDNANCE,Heavy weapons of warfare; cannon, or great guns, mortars, andhowitzers;
artillery; sometimes, a general term for all weapons andappliances used in war.All
the battlements their ordnance fire. Shak.Then you may hear afar off the awful roar
of his [Rufus Choate's]rifled ordnance. E. Ererett.Ordnance survey, the official
survey of Great Britain and Ireland,conducted by the ordnance department.
ORDONNANCE,The disposition of the parts of any composition with regard toone
another and the whole.Their dramatic ordonnance of the parts. Coleridge.
ORDONNANT,Of or pertaining to ordonnance. Dryden.
ORDOVIAN,Ordovician.
ORDOVICIAN,Of or pertaining to a division of the Silurian formation,corresponding
in general to the Lower Silurian of most authors,exclusive of the Cambrian.-- n.
ORDUROUS,Of or pertaining to ordure; filthy. Drayton.
ORE,Honor; grace; favor; mercy; clemency; happy augry. [Obs.]Chaucer.
OREAD,One of the nymphs of mountains and grottoes.Like a wood nymph light, Oread or
Dryad. Milton.
OREADES,A group of butterflies which includes the satyrs. See Satyr, 2.
ORECTIC,Of or pertaining to the desires; hence, impelling togratification;
appetitive.
OREGON GRAPE,An evergreen species of barberry (Berberis Aquifolium), ofOregon and
California; also, its roundish, blue-black berries.
OREIDE,See Oroide.
OREODON,A genus of extinct herbivorous mammals, abundant in theTertiary formation
of the Rocky Mountains. It is more or less relatedto the camel, hog, and deer.
OREODONT,Resembling, or allied to, the genus Oreodon.
OREOGRAPHIC,Of or pertaining to oreography.
OREOGRAPHY,The science of mountains; orography.
OREOSELIN,A white crystalline substance which is obtained indirectly fromthe root
of an umbelliferous plant (Imperatoria Oreoselinum), andyields resorcin on
decomposition.
OREOSOMA,A genus of small oceanic fishes, remarkable for the largeconical tubercles
which cover the under surface.
OREWEED,Same as Oarweed.
OREWOOD,Same as Oarweed.
ORFGILD,Restitution for cattle; a penalty for taking away cattle.Cowell.
ORFRAY,The osprey. [Obs.] Holland.
ORFRAYS,See Orphrey. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
ORGAL,See Argol. [Obs.]
ORGAN,A natural part or structure in an animal or a plant, capable ofperforming
some special action (termed its function), which isessential to the life or well-
being of the whole; as, the heart,lungs, etc., are organs of animals; the root,
stem, foliage, etc.,are organs of plants.
ORGANIC,Of or pertaining to an organ or its functions, or to objectscomposed of
organs; consisting of organs, or containing them; as, theorganic structure of
animals and plants; exhibiting characterspeculiar to living organisms; as, organic
bodies, organic life,organic remains. Cf. Inorganic.
ORGANICAL,Organic.The organical structure of human bodies, whereby they live and
move.Bentley.
ORGANICALLY,In an organic manner; by means of organs or with reference toorganic
functions; hence, fundamentally. Gladstone.
ORGANICALNESS,The quality or state of being organic.
ORGANICISM,The doctrine of the localization of disease, or which refers italways to
a material lesion of an organ. Dunglison.
ORGANIFIC,Making an organic or organized structure; producing anorganism; acting
through, or resulting from, organs. Prof. Park.
ORGANISM,An organized being; a living body, either vegetable or animal,compozed of
different organs or parts with functions which areseparate, but mutually dependent,
and essential to the life of theindividual.
ORGANIST,One who plays on the organ.
ORGANISTA,Any one of several South American wrens, noted for thesweetness of their
song.
ORGANITY,Organism. [R.]
ORGANIZABILITY,Quality of being organizable; capability of being organized.
ORGANIZABLE,Capable of being organized; esp. (Biol.), capable of beingformed into
living tissue; as, organizable matter.
ORGANIZE,To furnish with organs; to give an organic structure to; toendow with
capacity for the functions of life; as, an organizedbeing; organized matter; -- in
this sense used chiefly in the pastparticiple.These nobler faculties of the mind,
matter organized could neverproduce. Ray.
ORGANIZER,One who organizes.
ORGANLING,A large kind of sea fish; the orgeis.
ORGANO-,A combining form denoting relation to, or connection with, anorgan or
organs.
ORGANOGEN,A name given to any one of the four elements, carbon, hydrogen,oxygen,
and nitrogen, which are especially characteristic ingredientsof organic compounds;
also, by extension, to other elements sometimesfound in the same connection; as
sulphur, phosphorus, etc.
ORGANOGENESIS,The origin and development of organs in animals and plants.
ORGANOGENIC,Of or pertaining to organogenesis.
ORGANOGENY,Organogenesis.
ORGANOGRAPHIST,One versed in organography.
ORGANOGRAPHY,A description of the organs of animals or plants.
ORGANOLEPTIC,Making an impression upon an organ; plastic; -- said of theeffect or
impression produced by any substance on the organs oftouch, taste, or smell, and
also on the organism as a whole.
ORGANOLOGICAL,Of or relating to organology.
ORGANOMETALLIC,Metalorganic.
ORGANONYMY,The designation or nomenclature of organs. B. G. Wilder.
ORGANOPHYLY,The tribal history of organs, -- a branch of morphophyly.Haeckel.
ORGANOPLASTIC,Having the property of producing the tissues or organs ofanimals and
plants; as, the organoplastic cells.
ORGANOSCOPY,Phrenology. Fleming.
ORGANOTROPHIC,Relating to the creation, organization, and nutrition of livingorgans
or parts.
ORGANULE,One of the essential cells or elements of an organ. See Senseorganule,
under Sense. Huxley.
ORGANY,See Origan.
ORGANZINE,A kind of double thrown silk of very fine texture, that is,silk twisted
like a rope with different strands, so as to increaseits strength.
ORGASM,Eager or immoderate excitement or action; the state ofturgescence of any
organ; erethism; esp., the height of venerealexcitement in sexual intercourse.
ORGEAT,A sirup in which, formerly, a decoction of barley entered, butwhich is now
prepared with an emulsion of almonds, -- used to flavorbeverages or edibles.
ORGEIS,See Organling.
ORGIASTIC,Pertaining to, or of the nature of, orgies. Elton.
ORGILLOUS,Proud; haughty. [Obs.] Shak.
ORGULOUS,See Orgillous. [Obs.]
ORGY,A frantic revel; drunken revelry. See Orgies
ORGYIA,A genus of bombycid moths whose caterpillars (esp. those ofOrgyia
leucostigma) are often very injurious to fruit trees and shadetrees. The female is
wingless. Called also vaporer moth.
ORICALCHE,See Orichalch.Costly oricalche from strange Phoenice. Spenser.
ORICHALCEOUS,Pertaining to, or resembling, orichalch; having a color orluster like
that of brass. Maunder.
ORICHALCH,A metallic substance, resembling gold in color, but inferior invalue; a
mixed metal of the ancients, resembling brass; -- calledalso aurichalcum,
orichalcum, etc.
ORIEL,A bay window. See Bay window.The beams that thro' the oriel shine Make prisms
in every carvenglass. Tennyson.
ORIENCY,Brightness or strength of color. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
ORIENTAL,Of or pertaining to the orient or east; eastern; concerned withthe East or
Orientalism; -- opposed to occidental; as, Orientalcountries.The sun's ascendant
and oriental radiations. Sir T. Browne.
ORIENTALITY,The quality or state of being oriental or eastern. Sir T.Browne.
ORIENTALIZE,to render Oriental; to cause to conform to Oriental manners
orconditions.
ORIENTATE,To move or turn toward the east; to veer from the north orsouth toward
the east.
ORIENTNESS,The quality or state of being orient or bright; splendor.[Obs.] Fuller.
ORIFICE,A mouth or aperture, as of a tube, pipe, etc.; an opening; as,the orifice
of an artery or vein; the orifice of a wound. Shak.Etna was bored through the top
with a monstrous orifice. Addison.
ORIGENISM,The opinions of Origen of Alexandria, who lived in the 3dcentury, one of
the most learned of the Greek Fathers. Prominent inhis teaching was the doctrine
that all created beings, includingSatan, will ultimately be saved.
ORIGENIST,A follower of Origen of Alexandria.
ORIGIN,The point of attachment or end of a muscle which is fixedduring contraction;
-- in contradistinction to insertion. Origin ofcoördinate axes (Math.), the point
where the axes intersect. See Noteunder Ordinate.
ORIGINABLE,Capable of being originated.
ORIGINAL,The natural or wild species from which a domesticated orcultivated variety
has been derived; as, the wolf is thought by someto be the original of the dog, the
blackthorn the original of theplum.
ORIGINALIST,One who is original. [R.]
ORIGINALITY,The quality or state of being original. Macaulay.
ORIGINALNESS,The quality of being original; originality. [R.] Johnson.
ORIGINANT,Originating; original. [R.]An absolutely originant act of self will.
Prof. Shedd.
ORIGINATE,To give an origin or beginning to; to cause to be; to bringinto
existence; to produce as new.A decomposition of the whole civill and political
mass, for thepurpose of originating a new civil order. Burke.
ORIGINATIVE,Having power, or tending, to originate, or bring intoexistence;
originating. H. Bushnell.-- O*rig"i*na*tive*ly, adv.
ORIGINATOR,One who originates.
ORILLON,A semicircular projection made at the shoulder of a bastion forthe purpose
of covering the retired flank, -- found in oldfortresses.
ORIOL,See Oriel.
ORION,A large and bright constellation on the equator, between thestars Aldebaran
and Sirius. It contains a remarkable nebula visibleto the naked eye.The flaming
glories of Orion's belt. E. Everett.
ORISKANY,Designating, or pertaining to, certain beds, chiefly
limestone,characteristic of the latest period of the Silurian age. Oriskanyperiod,
a subdivision of the American Paleozoic system intermediateor translational in
character between the Silurian and Devonian ages.See Chart of Geology.
ORISMOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to orismology.
ORISMOLOGY,That departament of natural history which treats of technicalterms.
ORISON,A prayer; a supplication. [Poetic] Chaucer. Shak.Lowly they bowed, adoring,
and began Their orisons, each morning dulypaid. Milton.
ORISONT,Horizon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
ORK,See Orc.
ORKNEYAN,Of or pertaining to the Orkney islands. "Orkneyan skerries."Longfellow.
ORLE,A bearing, in the form of a fillet, round the shield, within,but at some
distance from, the border.
ORLO,A wind instrument of music in use among the Spaniards.
ORLOP,The lowest deck of a vessel, esp. of a ship of war, consistingof a platform
laid over the beams in the hold, on which the cablesare coiled.
ORMER,An abalone.
ORMOLU,A variety of brass made to resemble gold by the use of lesszinc and more
copper in its composition than ordinary brass contains.Its golden color is often
heightened by means of lacquer of somesort, or by use of acids. Called also mosaic
gold. Ormolu varnish, avarnish applied to metals, as brass, to give the appearance
of gold.
ORMUZD,The good principle, or being, of the ancient Persian religion.See Ahriman.
ORN,To ornament; to adorn. [Obs.] Joye.
ORNAMENT,That which embellishes or adorns; that which adds grace orbeauty;
embellishment; decoration; adornment.The ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. 1
Pet. iii. 4.Like that long-buried body of the king Found lying with his urns
andornaments. Tennyson.
ORNAMENTAL,Serving to ornament; characterized by ornament;
beautifying;embellishing.Some think it most ornamental to wear their bracelets on
theirwrists; others, about their ankles. Sir T. Browne.
ORNAMENTALLY,By way of ornament.
ORNAMENTER,One who ornaments; a decorator.
ORNATE,To adorn; to honor. [R.]They may ornate and sanctify the name of God.
Latimer.
ORNATELY,In an ornate manner. Sir T. More.
ORNATENESS,The quality of being ornate.
ORNATURE,Decoration; ornamentation. [R.] Holinshed.
ORNITHIC,Of or pertaining to birds; as, ornithic fossils. Owen.
ORNITHICHNITE,The footmark of a bird occurring in strata of stone. Hitchcock.
ORNITHICHNOLOGY,The branch of science which treats of ornithichnites.Hitchcock.
ORNITHO-,A combining form fr. Gr.
ORNITHODELPHIA,Same as Monotremata.-- Or`ni*tho*del"phid, a.
ORNITHOIDICHNITE,A fossil track resembling that of a bird. Hitchcock.
ORNITHOLITE,Of or pertaining to ornithology.
ORNITHOLOGIST,One skilled in ornithology; a student of ornithology; one
whodescribes birds.
ORNITHOMANCY,Divination by means of birds, their flight, etc.Ornithomancy grew into
an elaborate science. De Quincey.
ORNITHON,An aviary; a poultry house. Weale.
ORNITHOPAPPI,An extinct order of birds. It includes only the Archæopteryx.
ORNITHOPODA,An order of herbivorous dinosaurs with birdlike characteristicsin the
skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind legs, which in somegenera had only three
functional toes, and supported the body inwalking as in Iguanodon. See Illust. in
Appendix.
ORNITHORHYNCHUS,See Duck mole, under Duck.
ORNITHOSAURIA,An order of extinct flying reptiles; -- called alsoPterosauria.
ORNITHOSCELIDA,A group of extinct Reptilia, intermediate in structure(especially
with regard to the pelvis) between reptiles and birds.-- Or`ni*tho*scel"i*dan, a.
ORNITHOSCOPY,Observation of birds and their habits. [R.] De Quincey.
ORNITHOTOMICAL,Of or pertaining to ornithotomy.
ORNITHOTOMIST,One who is skilled in ornithotomy.
ORNITHOTOMY,The anatomy or dissection of birds.
OROGRAPH,A machine for use in making topographical maps. It is operatedby being
pushed across country, and not only records distances, likethe perambulator, but
also elevations.
OROGRAPHY,That branch of science which treats of mountains and mountainsystems;
orology; as, the orography of Western Europe.
OROHELIOGRAPH,A camera for obtaining a circular panoramic view of thehorizon. The
photographic plate is placed horizontally with avertical lens above. A mirror of
peculiar shape reflects light fromthe entire horizon to the lens, by means of which
it is focused uponthe plate.
OROHIPPUS,A genus of American Eocene mammals allied to the horse, buthaving four
toes in front and three behind.
OROIDE,An alloy, chiefly of copper and zinc or tin, resembling gold incolor and
brilliancy. [Written also oreide.]
OROLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to orology.
OROLOGIST,One versed in orology.
OROLOGY,The science or description of mountains.
OROMETER,An aneroid barometer having a second scale that gives theapproximate
elevation above sea level of the place where theobservation is made.
OROTUND,Characterized by fullness, clearness, strength, and smoothness;ringing and
musical; -- said of the voice or manner of utterance.-- n.
OROTUNDITY,The orotund mode of intonation.
ORPHALINE,See Orpheline. [Obs.]
ORPHAN,A child bereaved of both father and mother; sometimes, also, achild who has
but one parent living. Orphans' court (Law), a court insome of the States of the
Union, having jurisdiction over the estatesand persons of orphans or other wards.
Bouvier.
ORPHANCY,Orphanhood. Sir P. Sidney.
ORPHANET,A little orphan. Drayton.
ORPHANHOOD,The state or condition of being an orphan; orphanage.
ORPHANISM,Orphanhood. [R.]
ORPHANOTROPHISM,The care and support of orphans. [R.] Cotton Mather (1711).
ORPHARION,An old instrument of the lute or cittern kind. [Spelt alsoorpheoreon.]
ORPHEAN,Of or pertaining to Orpheus, the mythic poet and musician; as,Orphean
strains. Cowper.
ORPHELINE,An orphan. [Obs.] Udcll.
ORPHEUS,The famous mythic Thracian poet, son of the Muse Calliope, andhusband of
Eurydice. He is reputed to have had power to entrancebeasts and inanimate objects
by the music of his lyre.
ORPHIC,Pertaining to Orpheus; Orphean; as, Orphic hymns.
ORPHREY,A band of rich embroidery, wholly or in part of gold, affixedto vestments,
especially those of ecclesiastics. Pugin.
ORPIMENT,Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphouslemonyellow
powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow crystallinemineral; -- formerly called
auripigment. It is used in king's yellow,in white Indian fire, and in certain
technical processes, as indigoprinting.Our orpiment and sublimed mercurie.
Chaucer.Red orpiment, realgar; the red sulphide of arsenic.-- Yellow orpiment,
king's yellow.
ORPIN,The orpine.
ORPINE,A low plant with fleshy leaves (Sedum telephium), havingclusters of purple
flowers. It is found on dry, sandy places, and onold walls, in England, and has
become naturalized in America. Calledalso stonecrop, and live-forever. [Written
also orpin.]
ORRACH,See Orach.
ORRERY,An apparatus which illustrates, by the revolution of ballsmoved by
wheelwork, the relative size, periodic motions, positions,orbits, etc., of bodies
in the solar system.
ORRIS,A plant of the genus Iris (I. Florentina); a kind of flower-de-luce. Its
rootstock has an odor resembling that of violets. Orris pea(Med.), an issue pea
made from orris root.-- Orris root, the fragrant rootstock of the orris.
ORSEILLE,See Archil.
ORSELLIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in certainlichens, and called
also lecanoric acid. [Formerly written alsoorseillic.]
ORSELLINIC,Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained by apartial
decomposition of orsellic acid as a white crystallinesubstance, and related to
protocatechuic acid.
ORT,A morsel left at a meal; a fragment; refuse; -- commonly usedin the plural.
Milton.Let him have time a beggar's orts to crave. Shak.
ORTALIDIAN,Any one of numerous small two-winged flies of the familyOrtalidæ. The
larvæ of many of these flies live in fruit; those ofothers produce galls on various
plants.
ORTHID,A brachiopod shell of the genus Orthis, and allied genera, ofthe family
Orthidæ.
ORTHIS,An extinct genus of Brachiopoda, abundant in the Paleozoicrocks.
ORTHITE,A variety of allanite occurring in slender prismatic crystals.
ORTHO-,A combining form (also used adjectively), designating:(a) (Inorganic Chem.)
The one of several acids of the same element(as the phosphoric acids), which
actually occurs with the greatestnumber of hydroxyl groups; as, orthophosphoric
acid. Cf. Normal. (b)(Organic Chem.)
ORTHOCARBONIC,Designating a complex ether, C.(OC2H5)4, which is obtained as aliquid
of a pleasant ethereal odor by means of chlorpicrin, and isbelieved to be a
derivative of the hypothetical normal carbonic acid,C.(OH)4.
ORTHOCENTER,That point in which the three perpendiculars let fall from theangles of
a triangle upon the opposite sides, or the sides produced,mutually intersect.
ORTHOCERAS,An extinct genus of Paleozoic Cephalopoda, having a long,straight,
conical shell. The interior is divided into numerouschambers by transverse septa.
ORTHOCERATITE,An orthoceras; also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras.
ORTHOCLASE,Common or potash feldspar crystallizing in the monoclinicsystem and
having two cleavages at right angles to each other. SeeFeldspar.
ORTHOCLASTIC,Breaking in directions at right angles to each other; -- saidof the
monoclinic feldspars.
ORTHODIAGONAL,The diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which isat right
angles with the vertical axis.
ORTHODOME,See the Note under Dome, 4.
ORTHODOXAL,Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox. [R.] Milton.
ORTHODOXALITY,Orthodoxness. [R.]
ORTHODOXALLY,Orthodoxly. [R.] Milton
ORTHODOXASTICAL,Orthodox. [Obs.]
ORTHODOXICAL,Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox.
ORTHODOXLY,In an orthodox manner; with soundness of faith. Sir W.Hamilton.
ORTHODOXNESS,The quality or state of being orthodox; orthodoxy. Waterland.
ORTHODROMIC,Of or pertaining to orthodromy.
ORTHODROMICS,The art of sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a greatcircle,
which is the shortest distance between any two points on thesurface of the globe;
great-circle sailing; orthodromy.
ORTHODROMY,The act or art of sailing on a great circle.
ORTHOEPIST,One who is skilled in orthoëpy.
ORTHOEPY,The art of uttering words corectly; a correct pronunciation ofwords; also,
mode of pronunciation.
ORTHOGAMY,Direct fertilization in plants, as when the pollen fertilizingthe ovules
comes from the stamens of the same blossom; -- opposed toheterogamy.
ORTHOGNATHIC,Orthognathous.
ORTHOGNATHISM,The quality or state of being orthognathous. Huxley.
ORTHOGNATHOUS,Having the front of the head, or the skull, nearlyperpendicular, not
retreating backwards above the jaws; -- opposed toAnt: prognathous. See Gnathic
index, under Gnathic.
ORTHOGON,A rectangular figure.
ORTHOGONAL,Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection ofone curve
with another. Orthogonal projection. See underOrthographic.
ORTHOGONALLY,Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set ofcurves
orthogonally.
ORTHOGRAPH,An orthographic projection, sometimes partly in section, esp.of a
building.
ORTHOGRAPHER,One versed in orthography; one who spells words correctly.
ORTHOGRAPHICALLY,In an orthographical manner:(a) according to the rules of proper
spelling;(b) according to orthographic projection.
ORTHOGRAPHIST,One who spells words correctly; an orthographer.
ORTHOGRAPHIZE,To spell correctly or according to usage; to correct in regardto
spelling.In the coalesced into ith, which modern reaction has orthographizedto i'
th'. Earle.
ORTHOLOGY,The right description of things. [R.] Fotherby.
ORTHOMETRIC,Having the axes at right angles to one another; -- said ofcrystals or
crystalline forms.
ORTHOMETRY,The art or practice of constructing verses correctly; the lawsof correct
versification.
ORTHOMORPHIC,Having the right form. Orthomorphic projection, a projection inwhich
the angles in the figure to be projected are equal to thecorresponding angles in
the projected figure.
ORTHOPEDIST,One who prevents, cures, or remedies deformities, esp. inchildren.
ORTHOPEDY,The art or practice of curing the deformities of children, or,by
extension, any deformities of the human body.
ORTHOPHONY,The art of correct articulation; voice training.
ORTHOPINACOID,A name given to the two planes in the monoclinic system whichare
parallel to the vertical and orthodiagonal axes.
ORTHOPODA,An extinct order of reptiles which stood erect on the hindlegs, and
resembled birds in the structure of the feet, pelvis, andother parts.
ORTHOPRAXY,The treatment of deformities in the human body by mechanicalappliances.
ORTHOPTERA,An order of mandibulate insects including grasshoppers,locusts,
cockroaches, etc. See Illust. under Insect.
ORTHOPTERAN,One of the Orthoptera.
ORTHOPTEROUS,Of or pertaining to the Orthoptera.
ORTHORHOMBIC,Noting the system of crystallization which has three unequalaxes at
right angles to each other; trimetric. See Crystallization.
ORTHOSCOPE,An instrument designed to show the condition of the superficialportions
of the eye.
ORTHOSCOPIC,Giving an image in correct or normal proportions; giving a flatfield of
view; as, an orthoscopic eyepiece.
ORTHOSILICIC,Designating the form of silicic acid having the normal orhighest
number of hydroxyl groups.
ORTHOSPERMOUS,Having the seeds straight, as in the fruits of someumbelliferous
plants; -- opposed to coelospermous. Darwin.
ORTHOSTADE,A chiton, or loose, ungirded tunic, falling in straight folds.
ORTHOSTICHY,A longitudinal rank, or row, of leaves along a stem.
ORTHOTOMIC,Cutting at right angles. Orthotomic circle (Geom.), that circlewhich
cuts three given circles at right angles.
ORTHOTOMOUS,Having two cleavages at right angles with one another.
ORTHOTOMY,The property of cutting at right angles.
ORTHOTONE,Retaining the accent; not enclitic; -- said of certainindefinite pronouns
and adverbs when used interrogatively, which,when not so used, are ordinarilly
enclitic.
ORTHOTROPIC,Having the longer axis vertical; -- said of erect stems. Encyc.Brit.
ORTHOXYLENE,That variety of xylene in which the two methyl groups are inthe ortho
position; a colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbonresembling benzene.
ORTIVE,Of or relating to the time or act of rising; eastern; as, theortive
amplitude of a planet.
ORTYGAN,One of several species of East Indian birds of the generaOrtygis and
Hemipodius. They resemble quails, but lack the hind toe.See Turnix.
ORVAL,A kind of sage (Salvia Horminum).
ORVET,The blindworm.
ORVIETAN,A kind of antidote for poisons; a counter poison formerly invogue. [Obs.]
ORYCTERE,The aard-vark.
ORYCTEROPE,Same as Oryctere.
ORYCTOGNOSY,Mineralogy. [Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic, a.-- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al, a.
[Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al*ly, adv.[Obs.]
ORYCTOGRAPHY,Description of fossils. [Obs.]
ORYCTOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining to oryctology. [Obs.]
ORYCTOLOGIST,One versed in oryctology. [Obs.]
ORYX,A genus of African antelopes which includes the gemsbok, theleucoryx, the bisa
antelope (O. beisa), and the beatrix antelope (O.beatrix) of Arabia.
ORYZA,A genus of grasses including the rice plant; rice.
OS,A bone.
OSAGE ORANGE,An ornamental tree of the genus Maclura (M. aurantiaca),closely allied
to the mulberry (Morus); also, its fruit. The tree wasfirst found in the country of
the Osage Indians, and bears a hard andinedible fruit of an orangelike appearance.
See Bois d'arc.
OSAGES,A tribe of southern Sioux Indians, now living in the IndianTerritory.
OSANNE,Hosanna. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OSAR,See 3d Os.
OSCAN,Of or pertaining to the Osci, a primitive people of Campania, aprovince of
ancient Italy.-- n.
OSCILLANCY,The state of oscillating; a seesaw kind of motion. [R.]
OSCILLARIA,A genus of dark green, or purplish black, filamentous, fresh-water algæ,
the threads of which have an automatic swaying orcrawling motion. Called also
Oscillatoria.
OSCILLATING CURRENT,A current alternating in direction.
OSCILLATING,That oscillates; vibrating; swinging. Oscillating engine, asteam engine
whose cylinder oscillates on trunnions instead of beingpermanently fixed in a
perpendicular or other direction. Weale.
OSCILLATIVE,Tending to oscillate; vibratory. [R.] I. Taylor.
OSCILLATOR,Any device for producing electric oscillations; esp., anapparatus for
generating electric waves in a system of wirelesstelegraphy.(b) (Mech.) An
instrument for measuring rigidity by the torsionaloscillations of a weighted wire.
OSCILLATORIA,Same as Oscillaria.
OSCILLATORY,Moving, or characterized by motion, backward and forward like
apendulum; swinging; oscillating; vibratory; as, oscillatory motion.
OSCILLOGRAM,An autographic record made by an oscillograph.
OSCILLOGRAPH,An apparatus for recording or indicating alternating-currentwave forms
or other electrical oscillations, usually consisting of agalvanometer with strong
field, in which the mass of the moving partis very small and frequency of vibration
very high. --Os`cil*lo*graph"ic (#), a.
OSCILLOMETER,An instrument for measuring the angle through which a shiprolls or
pitches at sea.
OSCILLOSCOPE,An instrument for showing visually the changes in a varyingcurrent; an
oscillograph.
OSCINE,Relating to the Oscines.
OSCINES,Singing birds; a group of the Passeres, having numeroussyringeal muscles,
conferring musical ability.
OSCINIAN,One of the Oscines, or singing birds.
OSCININE,Of or pertaining to the Oscines.
OSCITANTLY,In an oscitant manner.
OSCITATE,To gape; to yawn.
OSCITATION,The act of yawning or gaping. Addison.
OSCULANT,Adhering closely; embracing; -- applied to certain creepinganimals, as
caterpillars.
OSCULATE,To touch closely, so as to have a common curvature at the pointof contact.
See Osculation, 2.
OSCULATION,The contact of one curve with another, when the number ofconsecutive
points of the latter through which the former passessuffices for the complete
determination of the former curve. Brande &C.
OSCULATORY,Pertaining to, or having the properties of, an osculatrix;capable of
osculation; as, a circle may be osculatory with a curve,at a given point.
Osculatory circle. (Geom.) See Osculating circle ofa curve, under Circle.--
Osculatory plane (to a curve of double curvature), a plane whichpasses through
three successive points of the curve.-- Osculatory sphere (to a line of double
curvature), a spherepassing through four consecutive points of the curve.
OSCULATRIX,A curve whose contact with a given curve, at a given point, isof a
higher order (or involves the equality of a greater number ofsuccessive
differential coefficients of the ordinates of the curvestaken at that point) than
that of any other curve of the same kind.
OSCULE,One of the excurrent apertures of sponges.
OSCULUM,Same as Oscule.
OSIER,Made of osiers; composed of, or containing, osiers. "This osiercage of ours."
Shak.
OSIERED,Covered or adorned with osiers; as, osiered banks. [Poetic]Collins.
OSIERY,An osier bed.
OSIRIS,One of the principal divinities of Egypt, the brother andhusband of Isis. He
was figured as a mummy wearing the royal cap ofUpper Egypt, and was symbolized by
the sacred bull, called Apis. Cf.Serapis.-- O*sir"i*an, a.
OSMANLI,A Turkish official; one of the dominant tribe of Turks;loosely, any Turk.
OSMATE,A salt of osmic acid. [Formerly written also osmiate.]
OSMATERIUM,One of a pair of scent organs which the larvæ of certainbutterflies emit
from the first body segment, either above or below.
OSMAZOME,A substance formerly supposed to give to soup and broth
theircharacteristic odor, and probably consisting of one or several of theclass of
nitrogenous substances which are called extractives.
OSMIAMATE,A salt of osmiamic acid.
OSMIAMIC,Of, pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid ofosmium, H2N2Os2O5,
forming a well-known series of yellow salts.
OSMIC,Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, osmium;specifically, designating
those compounds in which it has a valencehigher than in other lower compounds; as,
osmic oxide. Osmic acid.(Chem.) (a) Osmic tetroxide. [Obs.] (b) Osmic acid proper,
an acidanalogous to sulphuric acid, not known in the free state, but forminga well-
known and stable series of salts (osmates), which wereformerly improperly called
osmites.-- Osmic tetroxide (Chem.), a white volatile crystalline substance,OsO4,
the most stable and characteristic of the compounds of osmium.It has a burning
taste, and gives off a vapor, which is a powerfulirritant poison, violently
attacking the eyes, and emitting a strongchlorinelike odor. Formerly improperly
called osmic acid.
OSMIDROSIS,The secretion of fetid sweat.
OSMIOUS,Denoting those compounds of osmium in which the element has avalence
relatively lower than in the osmic compounds; as, osmiouschloride. [Written also
osmous.] Osmious acid (Chem.), an acidderived from osmium, analogous to sulphurous
acid, and formingunstable salts. It is a brown amorphous substance.
OSMITE,A salt of osmious acid.
OSMIUM,A rare metallic element of the platinum group, found native asan alloy in
platinum ore, and in iridosmine. It is a hard, infusible,bluish or grayish white
metal, and the heaviest substance known. Itstetroxide is used in histological
experiments to stain tissues.Symbol Os. Atomic weight 191.1. Specific gravity
22.477.
OSMOGENE,An apparatus, consisting of a number of cells whose sides areof parchment
paper, for conducting the process of osmosis. It is usedesp. in sugar refining to
remove potassium salts from the molasses.
OSMOGRAPH,An instrument for recording the height of the liquid in anendosmometer or
for registering osmotic pressures.
OSMOMETER,An instrument for measuring the amount of osmotic action indifferent
liquids.
OSMOMETRY,The study of osmose by means of the osmometer.
OSMOSIS,Osmose.
OSMOTIC,Pertaining to, or having the property of, osmose; as, osmoticforce.
OSMUND,A fern of the genus Osmunda, or flowering fern. The mostremarkable species
is the osmund royal, or royal fern (Osmundaregalis), which grows in wet or boggy
places, and has large bipinnatefronds, often with a panicle of capsules at the top.
The rootstockcontains much starch, and has been used in stiffening linen.
OSNABURG,A species of coarse linen, originally made in Osnaburg,Germany.
OSO-BERRY,The small, blueblack, drupelike fruit of the Nuttalliacerasiformis, a
shrub of Oregon and California, belonging to theCherry tribe of Rosaceæ.
OSPHRADIUM,The olfactory organ of some Mollusca. It is connected with theorgan of
respiration.
OSS,To prophesy; to presage. [R. & Obs.] R. Edgeworth.
OSSE,A prophetic or ominous utterance. [R. & Obs.] Holland.
OSSEAN,A fish having a bony skeleton; a teleost.
OSSEIN,The organic basis of bone tissue; the residue after removal ofthe mineral
matters from bone by dilute acid; in embryonic tissue,the substance in which the
mineral salts are deposited to form bone;-- called also ostein. Chemically it is
the same as collagen.
OSSELET,The internal bone, or shell, of a cuttlefish.
OSSEOUS,Composed of bone; resembling bone; capable of forming bone;bony; ossific.
OSSETER,A species of sturgeon.
OSSIANIC,Of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, Ossian, a legendaryErse or
Celtic bard.The compositions might be fairly classed as Ossianic. G. Eliot.
OSSICLE,One of numerous small calcareous structures forming theskeleton of certain
echinoderms, as the starfishes.
OSSICULATED,Having small bones.
OSSICULUM,Same as Ossicle.
OSSIFEROUS,Containing or yielding bone.
OSSIFIC,Capable of producing bone; having the power to change cartilageor other
tissue into bone.
OSSIFICATION,The formation of bone; the process, in the growth of an animal,by
which inorganic material (mainly lime salts) is deposited incartilage or membrane,
forming bony tissue; ostosis.
OSSIFIED,Changed to bone or something resembling bone; hardened bydeposits of
mineral matter of any kind; -- said of tissues.
OSSIFRAGOUS,Serving to break bones; bone-breaking.
OSSIFY,To form into bone; to change from a soft animal substance intobone, as by
the deposition of lime salts.
OSSIFYING,Changing into bone; becoming bone; as, the ossifying process.
OSSIVOROUS,Feeding on bones; eating bones; as, ossivorous quadrupeds.Derham.
OSSPRINGER,The osprey. [R.]
OSSUARIUM,A charnel house; an ossuary. Walpole.
OSSUARY,A place where the bones of the dead are deposited; a charnelhouse. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
OST,See Oast.
OSTEAL,Osseous.
OSTEIN,Ossein.
OSTEITIS,Inflammation of bone.
OSTELER,Same as Hosteler. Wyclif.
OSTEND,To exhibit; to manifest. [Obs.]Mercy to mean offenders we'll ostend. J.
Webster.
OSTENSIBILITY,The quality or state of being ostensible.
OSTENSIBLY,In an ostensible manner; avowedly; professedly;
apparently.Walsh.Ostensibly, we were intended to prevent filibustering into Texas,
butreally as a menace to Mexico. U. S. Grant.
OSTENSION,The showing of the sacrament on the altar in order that it mayreceive the
adoration of the communicants.
OSTENSIVE,Showing; exhibiting. Ostensive demonstration (Math.), a director positive
demonstration, as opposed to the apagogical or indirectmethod.
OSTENSIVELY,In an ostensive manner.
OSTENTATE,To make an ambitious display of; to show or exhibit boastingly.[R.] Jer.
Taylor.
OSTENTATIOUS,Fond of, or evincing, ostentation; unduly conspicuous;pretentious;
boastful.Far from being ostentatious of the good you do. Dryden.The ostentatious
professions of many years. Macaulay.-- Os`ten*ta"tious*ly, adv.--
Os`ten*ta"tious*ness, n.
OSTENTATOR,One fond of display; a boaster. Sherwood.
OSTENTIVE,Ostentatious. [Obs.]
OSTENTOUS,Ostentatious. [Obs.] Feltham.
OSTEO-,A combining form of Gr. a bone.
OSTEOBLAST,One of the protoplasmic cells which occur in the osteogeneticlayer of
the periosteum, and from or around which the matrix of thebone is developed; an
osteoplast.
OSTEOCLASIS,The operation of breaking a bone in order to correct deformity.
OSTEOCLAST,A myeloplax.
OSTEOCOMMA,A metamere of the vertebrate skeleton; an osteomere; avertebra. Owen.
OSTEOCOPE,Pain in the bones; a violent fixed pain in any part of a bone.--
Os`te*o*cop"ic, a.
OSTEOCRANIUM,The bony cranium, as distinguished from the cartilaginouscranium.
OSTEODENTINE,A hard substance, somewhat like bone, which is sometimesdeposited
within the pulp cavity of teeth.
OSTEOGEN,The soft tissue, or substance, which, in developing bone,ultimately
undergoes ossification.
OSTEOGENETIC,Connected with osteogenesis, or the formation of bone;producing bone;
as, osteogenetic tissue; the osteogenetic layer ofthe periosteum.
OSTEOGENIC,Osteogenetic.
OSTEOGRAPHER,An osteologist.
OSTEOGRAPHY,The description of bones; osteology.
OSTEOID,Resembling bone; bonelike.
OSTEOLITE,A massive impure apatite, or calcium phosphate.
OSTEOLOGER,One versed in osteology; an osteologist.
OSTEOLOGIST,One who is skilled in osteology; an osteologer.
OSTEOLOGY,The science which treats of the bones of the vertebrateskeleton.
OSTEOLYSIS,Softening and absorption of bone. -- Os`te*o*lyt"ic (#), a.
OSTEOMA,A tumor composed mainly of bone; a tumor of a bone.
OSTEOMALACIA,A disease of the bones, in which they lose their earthymaterial, and
become soft, flexible, and distorted. Also calledmalacia.
OSTEOMANTY,Divination by means of bones. [R.]
OSTEOMERE,An osteocomma. Owen.
OSTEOPATH,A practitioner of osteopathy.
OSTEOPATHIC,Of or pertaining to osteopathy. --Os`te*o*path"ic*al*ly (#),adv.
OSTEOPATHIST,One who practices osteopathy; an osteopath.
OSTEOPERIOSTITIS,Inflammation of a bone and its periosteum.
OSTEOPHONE,An instrument for transmission of auditory vibrations throughthe bones
of the head, so as to be appreciated as sounds by personsdeaf from causes other
than those affecting the nervous apparatus ofhearing.
OSTEOPLAST,An osteoblast.
OSTEOPLASTIC,Producing bone; as, osteoplastic cells.
OSTEOPLASTY,An operation or process by which the total or partial loss of abone is
remedied. Dunglison.
OSTEOPOROSIS,An absorption of bone so that the tissue becomes unusuallyporous.
OSTEOPTERYGIOUS,Having bones in the fins, as certain fishes.
OSTEOSARCOMA,A tumor having the structure of a sacroma in which there is adeposit
of bone; sarcoma connected with bone.
OSTEOSCLEROSIS,Abnormal hardness and density of bone.
OSTEOTOME,Strong nippers or a chisel for dividing bone.
OSTEOTOMIST,One skilled in osteotomy.
OSTEOTOMY,The operation of dividing a bone or of cutting a piece out ofit, -- done
to remedy deformity, etc.
OSTEOZOA,Same as Vertebrata.
OSTIC,Pertaining to, or applied to, the language of the Tuscaroras,Iroquois,
Wyandots, Winnebagoes, and a part of the Sioux Indians.Schoolcraft.
OSTITIS,See Osteitis.
OSTIUM,An opening; a passage.
OSTLER,See Hostler.
OSTLERESS,A female ostler. [R.] Tennyson.
OSTLERY,See Hostelry. [Obs.]
OSTMEN,East men; Danish settlers in Ireland, formerly so called.Lyttelton.
OSTOSIS,Bone formation; ossification. See Ectostosis, and Endostosis.
OSTRACEA,A division of bivalve mollusks including the oysters and alliedshells.
OSTRACEAN,Any one of a family of bivalves, of which the oyster is thetype.
OSTRACION,A genus of plectognath fishes having the body covered withsolid,
immovable, bony plates. It includes the trunkfishes.
OSTRACIONT,A fish of the genus Ostracion and allied genera.
OSTRACISM,Banishment by popular vote, -- a means adopted at Athens to ridthe city
of a person whose talent and influence gave umbrage.
OSTRACITE,A fossil oyster.
OSTRACIZE,To exile by ostracism; to banish by a popular vote, as atAthens. Grote.
OSTRACODA,Ostracoidea.
OSTRACODERMI,A suborder of fishes of which Ostracion is the type.
OSTRACOID,Of or pertaining to the Ostracoidea.-- n.
OSTRACOIDEA,An order of Entomostraca possessing hard bivalve shells. Theyare of
small size, and swim freely about. [Written also Ostracoda.]
OSTREA,A genus of bivalve Mollusca which includes the true oysters.
OSTREACEOUS,Of or pertaining to an oyster, or to a shell; shelly.The crustaceous or
ostreaceous body. Cudworth.
OSTREACULTURE,The artificial cultivation of oysters.
OSTREOPHAGIST,One who feeds on oysters.
OSTRICH,A large bird of the genus Struthio, of which Struthio camelusof Africa is
the best known species. It has long and very stronglegs, adapted for rapid running;
only two toes; a long neck, nearlybare of feathers; and short wings incapable of
flight. The adult maleis about eight feet high.
OSTRIFEROUS,Producing oysters; containing oysters.
OSTROGOTH,One of the Eastern Goths. See Goth.
OSTROGOTHIC,Of or pertaining to the Ostrogoths.
OSWEGO TEA,An American aromatic herb (Monarda didyma), with showy, brightred,
labiate flowers.
OTACOUSTIC,Assisting the sense of hearing; as, an otacoustic instrument.
OTALGIA,Pain in the ear; earache.
OTALGIC,Of or pertaining to otalgia.-- n.
OTALGY,Pain in the ear; otalgia.
OTARY,Any eared seal.
OTHEOSCOPE,An instrument for exhibiting the repulsive action produced bylight or
heat in an exhausted vessel; a modification of theradoimeter. W. Crookes.
OTHER,Either; -- used with other or or for its correlative (as either. . . or are
now used). [Obs.]Other of chalk, other of glass. Chaucer.
OTHERGATES,In another manner. [Obs.]He would have tickled you othergates. Shak.
OTHERNESS,The quality or state of being other or different; alterity;oppositeness.
OTHERWAYS,See Otherwise. Tyndale.
OTHERWHERE,In or to some other place, or places; elsewhere. Milton.Tennyson.
OTHMAN,See Ottoman.
OTIC,Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the ear; auricular;auditory.
OTIOSE,Being at leisure or ease; unemployed; indolent; idle. "Otioseassent."
Paley.The true keeping of the Sabbath was not that otiose and unAlford.
OTIOSITY,Leisure; indolence; idleness; ease. [R.] Thackeray.
OTIS,A genus of birds including the bustards.
OTITIS,Inflammation of the ear.
OTO-,A combining form denoting relation to, or situation near or in,the ear.
OTOBA FAT,A colorless buttery substance obtained from the fruit ofMyristica otoba,
a species of nutmeg tree.
OTOCRANE,The cavity in the skull in which the parts of the internal earare lodged.
OTOCRANIAL,Of or pertaining to the otocrane.
OTOCYST,An auditory cyst or vesicle; one of the simple auditory organsof many
invertebrates, containing a fluid and otoliths; also, theembryonic vesicle from
which the parts of the internal ear ofvertebrates are developed.
OTOGRAPHY,A description of the ear.
OTOLOGICAL,Of or pertaining tootology.
OTOLOGIST,One skilled in otology; an aurist.
OTOLOGY,The branch of science which treats of the ear and its diseases.
OTOPATHY,A diseased condition of the ear.
OTOSCOPE,An instrument for examining the condition of the ear.
OTOSCOPEIC,Of or pertaining to the otoscope or to otoscopy.
OTOSCOPY,The examination of the ear; the art of using the otoscope.
OTOSTEAL,An auditory ossicle. R. Owen.
OTOZOUM,An extinct genus of huge vertebrates, probably dinosaurs, knownonly from
four-toed tracks in Triassic sandstones.
OTTAR,See Attar.
OTTAVA RIMA,A stanza of eight lines of heroic verse, with three rhymes, thefirst
six lines rhyming alternately and the last two forming acouplet. It was used by
Byron in "Don Juan," by Keats in "Isabella,"by Shelley in "The Witch of Atlas,"
etc.
OTTAWAS,A tribe of Indians who, when first known, lived on the OttawaRiver. Most of
them subsequently migrated to the southwestern shoreof Lake Superior.
OTTER,Any carnivorous animal of the genus Lutra, and related genera.Several species
are described. They have large, flattish heads, shortears, and webbed toes. They
are aquatic, and feed on fish. Their furis soft and valuable. The common otter of
Europe is Lutra vulgaris;the American otter is L. Canadensis; other species inhabit
SouthAmerica and Asia.
OTTO CYCLE,A four-stroke cycle for internal-combustion engines consistingof the
following operations: First stroke, suction into cylinder ofexplosive charge, as of
gas and air; second stroke, compression,ignition, and explosion of this charge;
third stroke (the workingstroke), expansion of the gases; fourth stroke, expulsion
of theproducts of combustion from the cylinder. This is the cycle inventedby Beau
de Rochas in 1862 and applied by Dr. Otto in 1877 in theOtto-Crossley gas engine,
the first commercially successful internal-combustion engine made.
OTTO ENGINE,An engine using the Otto cycle.
OTTO,See Attar.
OTTOMAN,Of or pertaining to the Turks; as, the Ottoman power or empire.
OTTOMITE,An Ottoman. [R.] Shak.
OTTRELITE,A micaceous mineral occurring in small scales. It ischaracteristic of
certain crystalline schists.
OUAKARI,Any South American monkey of the genus Brachyurus, especiallyB. ouakari.
OUANANICHE,A small landlocked variety of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarounaniche)
of Lake St. John, Canada, and neighboring waters, notedfor its vigor and activity,
and habit of leaping from the water whenhooked.
OUANDEROO,The wanderoo.
OUARINE,A Brazilian monkey of the genus Mycetes.
OUBLIETTE,A dungeon with an opening only at the top, found in some oldcastles and
other strongholds, into which persons condemned toperpetual imprisonment, or to
perish secretly, were thrust, or luredto fall.Sudden in the sun An oubliette winks.
Where is he Gone. Mrs.Browning.
OUCH,A socket or bezel holding a precious stone; hence, a jewel orornament worn on
the person.A precious stone in a rich ouche. Sir T. Elyot.Your brooches, pearls,
and ouches. Shak.
OUGHNE,Own. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OUGHT,See Aught.
OUGHTNESS,The state of being as a thing ought to be; rightness. [R.] N.W. Taylor.
OUGHWHERE,Anywhere; somewhere. See Owher. [Obs.]
OUISTITI,See Wistit.
OUL,An awl. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OULACHAN,Same as Eulachon.
OUNCE,The twelfth part of a troy pound.
OUNDING,Waving. [Obs.]Ounding, paling, winding, or bending . . . of cloth. Chaucer.
OUPHE,A fairy; a goblin; an elf. [Obs.] "Like urchins, ouphes, andfairies." Shak.
OUPHEN,Elfish. [Obs.]
OUR,Of or pertaining to us; belonging to us; as, our country; ourrights; our
troops; our endeavors. See I.The Lord is our defense. Ps. lxxxix. 18.
OURANG,The orang-outang.
OURANG-OUTANG,See Orang-outang.
OURANOGRAPHIST,See Uranographist.
OURANOGRAPHY,See Uranography.
OUREBI,A small, graceful, and swift African antelope, allied to theklipspringer.
OURETIC,Uric.
OUROLOGY,See Urology.
OUROSCOPY,Ourology.
OURS,See Note under Our.
OURSELVES,; sing. Ourself (we; also, alone in the predicate, in thenominative or
the objective case.We ourselves might distinctly number in words a great deal
furtherthen we usually do. Locke.Safe in ourselves, while on ourselves we stand.
Dryden.
OUSE,See Ooze. [Obs.]
OUSEL,One of several species of European thrushes, especially theblackbird (Merula
merula, or Turdus merula), and the mountain or ringousel (Turdus torquatus).
[Written also ouzel.] Rock ousel (Zoöl.),the ring ousel.-- Water ousel (Zoöl.), the
European dipper (Cinclus aquaticus), andthe American dipper (C. Mexicanus).
OUST,See Oast.
OUSTER,A putting out of possession; dispossession; ejection;disseizin.Ouster of the
freehold is effected by abatement, intrusion,disseizin, discontinuance, or
deforcement. Blackstone.Ouster le main. Etym: [Ouster + F. la main the hand, L.
manus.] (Law)A delivery of lands out of the hands of a guardian, or out of
theking's hands, or a judgement given for that purpose. Blackstone.
OUT,In its original and strict sense, out means from the interiorof something;
beyond the limits or boundary of somethings; in aposition or relation which is
exterior to something; -- opposed to inor into. The something may be expressed
after of, from, etc. (see Outof, below); or, if not expressed, it is implied; as,
he is out; or,he is out of the house, office, business, etc.; he came out; or,
hecame out from the ship, meeting, sect, party, etc. Out is used in avariety of
applications, as: --
OUT-HEROD,To surpass (Herod) in violence or wickedness; to exceed in anyvicious or
offensive particular. "It out-Herods Herod." Shak.Out-Heroding the preposterous
fashions of the times. Sir W. Scott.
OUT-OF-DOOR,Being out of the house; being, or done, in the open air;outdoor; as,
out-of-door exercise. See Out of door, under Out, adv.Amongst out-of-door delights.
G. Eliot.
OUT-OF-THE-WAY,See under Out, adv.
OUT-PATIENT,A patient who is outside a hospital, but receives medical aidfrom it.
OUTACT,To do or beyond; to exceed in acting. [R.]He has made me heir to treasures
Would make me outact a real window'swhining. Otway.
OUTAGAMIES,See lst Fox, 7.
OUTARGUE,To surpass or conquer in argument.
OUTBABBLE,To utter foolishly or excessively; to surpass in babbling. [R.]Milton.
OUTBALANCE,To outweight; to exceed in weight or effect.Let dull Ajax bear away my
right When all his days outbalance thisone night. Dryden.
OUTBAR,To bar out. [R.] Spenser.
OUTBEG,To surpass in begging. [R.]
OUTBID,To exceed or surpass in bidding.Prevent the greedy, and outbid the bold.
Pope.
OUTBIDDER,One who outbids. Johnson.
OUTBLEAT,To surpass in bleating.
OUTBLOWN,Inflated with wind. Dryden.
OUTBLUSH,To exceed in blushing; to surpass in rosy color. T. Shipman.
OUTBOARD,Beyond or outside of the lines of a vessel's bulwarks or hull;in a
direction from the hull or from the keel; -- opposed to inboard;as, outboard
rigging; swing the davits outboard.
OUTBORN,Foreign; not native. [R.]
OUTBOUND,Outward bound. Dryden.
OUTBOUNDS,The farthest or exterior bounds; extreme limits; boundaries.Spenser.
OUTBOW,To excel in bowing. Young.
OUTBOWED,Convex; curved outward. "The convex or outbowed side of avessel." Bp.
Hall.
OUTBRAG,To surpass in bragging; hence, to make appear inferior.Whose bare
outbragg'd the web it seemed to wear. Shak.
OUTBRAZEN,To bear down with a brazen face; to surpass in impudence. T.Brown.
OUTBREAK,A bursting forth; eruption; insurrection. "Mobs and outbreaks."J. H.
Newman.The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind. Shak.
OUTBREAST,To surpass in singing. See Breast, n., 6. [Obs.]
OUTBREATHE,To issue, as breath; to be breathed out; to exhale. Beau. & Fl.
OUTBRIBE,To surpass in bribing.
OUTBRING,To bring or bear out.
OUTBUD,To sprout. [Poetic] Spenser.
OUTBUILD,To exceed in building, or in durability of building.
OUTBUILDING,A building separate from, and subordinate to, the main house;an
outhouse.
OUTBURST,A bursting forth.
OUTCANT,To surpass in canting. Pope.
OUTCAST,Cast out; degraded. "Outcast, rejected." Longfellow.
OUTCASTING,That which is cast out. [Obs.]
OUTCEPT,Except. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
OUTCHEAT,To exceed in cheating.
OUTCLIMB,To climb bevond; to surpass in climbing. Davenant.
OUTCOME,That which comes out of, or follows from, something else;issue; result;
consequence; upshot. "The logical outcome." H.Spenser.All true literature, all
genuine poetry, is the direct outcome, thecondensed essence, of actual life and
thougth. J. C. Shairp.
OUTCOMPASS,To exceed the compass or limits of. Bacon.
OUTCOURT,An outer or exterior court.The skirts and outcourts of heaven. South.
OUTCRAFTY,To exceed in cunning. [R.] Shak.
OUTCRIER,One who cries out or proclaims; a herald or crier.
OUTCROP,To come out to the surface of the ground; -- said of strata.
OUTDARE,To surpass in daring; to overcome by courage; to brave. Shak.R. Browning.
OUTDATED,Being out of date; antiquated. [Obs.] Hammond.
OUTDAZZLE,To surpass in dazzing.
OUTDO,To go beyond in performance; to excel; to surpass.An imposture outdoes the
original. L' Estrange.I grieve to be outdone by Gay. Swift.
OUTDOOR,Being, or done, in the open air; being or done outside ofcertain buildings,
as poorhouses, hospitals, etc.; as, outdoorexercise; outdoor relief; outdoor
patients.
OUTDOORS,Abread; out of the house; out of doors.
OUTDRAW,To draw out; to extract. [R.] "He must the teeth outdraw."Gower.
OUTDREAM,To pass, or escape, while dreaming. "To oultdream dangers."Beau. & Fl.
OUTDRINK,To exceed in drinking.
OUTDURE,To outlast. [Obs.]
OUTDWELL,To dwell or stay beyond. [Poetic] "He outdwells his hour."Shak.
OUTDWELLER,One who holds land in a parish, but lives elsewhere. [Eng.]
OUTER,Being on the outside; external; farthest or farther from theinterior, from a
given station, or from any space or positionregarded as a center or starting place;
-- opposed to inner; as, theouter wall; the outer court or gate; the outer stump in
cricket; theouter world. Outer bar, in England, the body of junior (or
utter)barristers; -- so called because in court they occupy a place beyondthe space
reserved for Queen's counsel.
OUTERMOST,Being on the extreme external part; farthest outward; as, theoutermost
row. Boyle.
OUTFACE,To face or look (one) out of countenance; to resist or beardown by bold
looks or effrontery; to brave. Shak.Having outfaced all the world. South.
OUTFAWN,To exceed in fawning.
OUTFEAST,To exceed in feasting.
OUTFEAT,To surpass in feats.
OUTFIELD,The part of the field beyond the diamond, or infield. It isoccupied by the
fielders.
OUTFIT,A fitting out, or equipment, as of a ship for a voyage, or of aperson for an
expedition in an unoccupied region or residence in aforeign land; things required
for equipment; the expense of, orallowance made for, equipment, as by the
government of the UnitedStates to a diplomatic agent going abroad.
OUTFITTER,One who furnishes outfits for a voyage, a journey, or abusiness.
OUTFLANK,To go beyond, or be superior to, on the flank; to pass aroundor turn the
flank or flanks of.
OUTFLATTER,To exceed in flattering.
OUTFLING,A gibe; a contemptuous remark.
OUTFLOW,A flowing out; efflux.
OUTFLY,To surpass in flying; to fly beyond or faster than. Shak.Winged with fear
outflies the wind. Waller.
OUTFOOL,To exceed in folly. [R.] Young.
OUTFOOT,To outrun or outwalk; hence, of a vessel, to outsail. [Colloq.]
OUTFORM,External appearance. [Obs.]
OUTFROWN,To frown down; to overbear by frowning. Shak.
OUTGATE,An outlet. [Obs.] Spenser.
OUTGAZE,To gaze beyond; to exceed in sharpness or persistence of seeingor of
looking; hence, to stare out of countenance.
OUTGENERAL,To exceed in generalship; to gain advantage over by superiormilitary
skill or executive ability; to outmaneuver. Chesterfield.
OUTGIVE,To surpass in giving. Dryden.
OUTGO,That which goes out, or is paid out; outlay; expenditure; --the opposite of
Ant: income. Lowell.
OUTGOER,One who goes out or departs.
OUTGOING,Going out; departing; as, the outgoing administration; anoutgoing steamer.
OUTGROUND,Ground situated at a distance from the house; outlying land.
OUTGROWTH,That which grows out of, or proceeds from, anything; anexcrescence; an
offshoot; hence, a result or consequence.
OUTGUARD,A guard or small body of troops at a distance from the mainbody of an
army, to watch for the approach of an enemy; hence,anything for defense placed at a
distance from the thing to bedefended.
OUTGUSH,A pouring out; an outburst.A passionate outgush of emotion. Thackeray.
OUTHAUL,A rope used for hauling out a sail upon a spar; -- opposite ofinhaul.
OUTHER,Other. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OUTHESS,Outcry; alarm. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OUTHIRE,To hire out. [Obs.] Spenser.
OUTHOUSE,A small house or building at a little distance from the mainhouse; an
outbuilding.
OUTJEST,To surpass in jesting; to drive out, or away, by jesting. [R.]Shak.
OUTJET,That which jets out or projects from anything. [R.] H. Miller.
OUTJUGGLE,To surpass in juggling.
OUTKEEPER,An attachment to a surveyor's compass for keeping tally inchaining.
OUTKNAVE,To surpass in knavery.
OUTLABOR,To surpass in laboring.
OUTLAND,Foreign; outlandish. [Obs.] Strutt.
OUTLANDER,A foreigner. Wood.
OUTLAST,To exceed in duration; to survive; to endure longer than.Milton.
OUTLAW,A person excluded from the benefit of the law, or deprived ofits protection.
Blackstone.
OUTLAY,To lay out; to spread out; to display. [R.] Drayton.
OUTLEAP,To surpass in leaping.
OUTLET,The place or opening by which anything is let out; a passageout; an exit; a
vent.Receiving all, and having no outlet. Fuller.
OUTLIE,To exceed in lying. Bp. Hall.
OUTLIER,A part of a rock or stratum lying without, or beyond, the mainbody, from
which it has been separated by denudation.
OUTLIMB,, An extreme member or part of a thing; a limb. [Obs.] Fuller.
OUTLINEAR,Of or pertaining to an outline; being in, or forming, anoutline. Trench.
OUTLIVE,To live beyond, or longer than; to survive.They live too long who happiness
outlive. Dryden.
OUTLIVER,One who outlives. [R.]
OUTLOOSE,A loosing from; an escape; an outlet; an evasion. [Obs.]That "whereas"
gives me an outloose. Selden.
OUTLOPE,An excursion. [Obs.] Florio.
OUTLYING,Lying or being at a distance from the central part, or the mainbody; being
on, or beyond, the frontier; exterior; remote; detached.
OUTMANTLE,To excel in mantling; hence, to excel in splendor, as of dress.[R.]And
with poetic trappings grace thy prose, Till it outmantle all thepride of verse.
Cowper.
OUTMARCH,To surpass in marching; to march faster than, or so as to leavebehind.
OUTMEASURE,To exceed in measure or extent; to measure more than. Sir T.Browne.
OUTMOST,Farthest from the middle or interior; farthest outward;outermost.
OUTMOUNT,To mount above. [R.]
OUTNESS,The state or quality of being distanguishable from theperceiving mind, by
being in space, and possessing marerial quality;externality; objectivity.The
outness of the objects of sense. Sir W. Hamiltom.
OUTNOISE,To exceed in noise; to surpass in noisiness. [R.] Fuller.
OUTNUMBER,To exceed in number.
OUTPACE,To outgo; to move faster than; to leave behind. [R.] Lamb.
OUTPARAMOUR,To exceed in the number of mistresses. [R.] Shak.
OUTPARISH,A parish lying without the walls of, or in a remote part of, atown.
Graunt.
OUTPART,An outlying part. [R.] Ayliffe.
OUTPASS,To pass beyond; to exceed in progress.
OUTPASSION,To exceed in passion.
OUTPEER,To excel. [R.] Shak.
OUTPENSION,To grant an outpension to.
OUTPLAY,To excel or defeat in a game; to play better than; as, to beoutplayed in
tennis or ball.
OUTPOISE,To outweigh. Howell.
OUTPORT,A harbor or port at some distance from the chief town or seatof trade.
Macaulay.
OUTPOUR,To pour out. Milton.
OUTPOWER,To excel in power; to overpover. [Obs.] Fuller.
OUTPRAY,To exceed or excel in prayer.
OUTPREACH,To surpass in preaching.And for a villain's quick conversion A pillory
can outpreach aparson. Trumbull.
OUTPRIZE,To prize beyong value, or in excess; to exceed in value. [Obs.]Shak.
OUTPUT,That which is thrown out as products of the metabolic activityof the body;
the egesta other than the fæces. See Income.
OUTQUENCH,To quench entirely; to extinguish. "The candlelightoutquenched." Spenser.
OUTRAGE,To rage in excess of. [R.] Young.
OUTRAGEOUS,Of the nature of an outrage; exceeding the limits of right,reason, or
decency; involving or doing an outrage; furious; violent;atrocious. "Outrageous
weeping." Chaucer. "The most outrageousvillainies." Sir P. Sidney. "The vile,
outrageous crimes." Shak."Outrageous panegyric." Dryden.
OUTRANCE,The utmost or last extremity. Combat à outrance, a fight to theend, or to
the death.
OUTRANK,To exceed in rank; hence, to take precedence of.
OUTRAY,To outshine. [R.] Skelton.
OUTRAYE,See Outrage, v. i. [Obs.]This warn I you, that ye not suddenly Out of
yourself for no woeshould outraye. Chaucer.
OUTRAZE,To obliterate. [Obs.] Sandys.
OUTRE,Being out of the common course or limits; extravagant; bizarre.
OUTREACH,To reach beyond.
OUTREASON,To excel or surpass in reasoning; to reason better than. South.
OUTRECKON,To exceed in reckoning or computation. Bp. Pearson.
OUTRECUIDANCE,Excessive presumption. [R.] B. Jonson.
OUTREDE,To surpass in giving rede, or counsel. [Obs.] See Atrede.Chaucer.
OUTREIGN,To go beyond in reigning; to reign through the whole of, orlonger than.
[R.] Spenser.
OUTRIDE,To surpass in speed of riding; to ride beyond or faster than.Shak.
OUTRING,To excel in volume of ringing sound; to ring louder than.
OUTRIVAL,To surpass in a rivalry.
OUTRIVE,To river; to sever. [Obs.] Fairfax.
OUTROAR,To exceed in roaring.
OUTROMANCE,To exceed in romantic character. [R.] Fuller.
OUTROOM,An outer room. [R.] Fuller.
OUTROOT,To eradicate; to extirpate.
OUTRUN,To exceed, or leave behind, in running; to run faster than; tooutstrip; to
go beyond.Your zeal outruns my wishes. Sir W. Scott.The other disciple did outrun
Peter, and came first to the sepulcher.Jhon xx. 4.
OUTRUNNER,An offshoot; a branch. [R.] "Some outrunner of the river."Lauson.
OUTRUSH,To rush out; to issue, or ru Garth.
OUTSAIL,To excel, or to leave behind, in sailing; to sail faster than.Beau. & Fl.
OUTSCENT,To exceed in odor. Fuller.
OUTSCOLD,To exceed in scolding. Shak.
OUTSCORN,To confront, or subdue, with greater scorn. Shak.
OUTSCOURING,That which is scoured out o Buckland.
OUTSCOUT,To overpower by disdain; to outface. [Obs.] Marston.
OUTSEE,To see beyond; to excel in cer
OUTSENTRY,A sentry who guards the entrance or approach to a place; anoutguard.
OUTSET,A setting out, starting, or beginning. "The outset of apolitical journey."
Burke.Giving a proper direction to this outset of life. J. Hawes.
OUTSETTLER,One who settles at a distance, or away, from others.
OUTSHINE,To shine forth. "Bright, outshining beams." Shak.
OUTSHOOT,To exceed or excel in shooting; to shoot beyond. Bacon.Men are resolved
never to outshoot their forefathers' mark. Norris.
OUTSHUT,To shut out. [R.] Donne.
OUTSIDE,or prep. On or to the outside (of); without; on the exterior;as, to ride
outside the coach; he stayed outside.
OUTSING,To surpass in singing.
OUTSIT,To remain sitting, or in session, longer than, or beyond thetime of; to
outstay.
OUTSKIRT,A part remote from the center; outer edge; border; -- usuallyin the
plural; as, the outskirts of a town. Wordsworth.The outskirts of his march of
mystery. Keble.
OUTSLEEP,To exceed in sleeping. Shak.
OUTSLIDE,To slide outward, onward, or forward; to advance by sliding.[Poetic]At
last our grating keels outslide. Whittier.
OUTSOAR,To soar beyond or above.
OUTSOLE,The outside sole of a boot or shoe.
OUTSOUND,To surpass in sounding.
OUTSPAN,To unyoke or disengage, as oxen from a wagon. [S. Africa]
OUTSPARKLE,To exceed in sparkling.
OUTSPEED,To excel in speed.Outspeed the realized miracles of steam. Talfourd.
OUTSPEND,Outlay; expenditure. [R.]A mere outspend of savageness. I. Taylor.
OUTSPIN,To spin out; to finish.
OUTSPOKEN,Speaking, or spoken, freely, openly, or boldly; as, anoutspoken man; an
outspoken rebuke.-- Out*spo"ken*ness, n.
OUTSPORT,To exceed in sporting. [R.] "Not to outsport discretion." Shak.
OUTSPREAD,To spread out; to expand; -- usually as a past part. or adj.
OUTSPRING,To spring out; to issue.
OUTSTAND,To stand out, or project, from a surface or mass; hence, toremain standing
out.
OUTSTANDING,That stands out; undischarged; uncollected; not paid; as,outstanding
obligations.Revenues . . . as well outstanding as collected. A. Hamilton.
OUTSTARE,To excel or overcome in staring; to face down.I would outstare the
sternest eyes that look. Shak.
OUTSTART,To start out or up. Chaucer.
OUTSTAY,To stay beyond or longer than.She concluded to outstay him. Mad. D' Arblay.
OUTSTEP,To exceed in stepping.
OUTSTORM,To exceed in storming.Insults the tempest and outstorms the skies. J.
Barlow.
OUTSTREET,A street remote from the center of a town. Johnson.
OUTSTRETCH,To stretch out. Milton.
OUTSTRIDE,To surpass in striding.
OUTSTRIKE,To strike out; to strike faster than. Shak.
OUTSTRIP,To go faster than; to outrun; to advance beyond; to leavebehing.Appetites
which . . . had outstripped the hours. Southey.He still outstript me in the race.
Tennyson.
OUTSUFFER,To exceed in suffering.
OUTSWEAR,To exceed in swearing.
OUTSWEETEN,To surpass in sweetness. [R.] Shak.
OUTTAKE,Except. [Obs.] R. of Brunne.
OUTTAKEN,or prep. Excepted; save. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.
OUTTALK,To overpower by talking; to exceed in talking; to talk down.Shak.
OUTTELL,To surpass in telling, counting, or reckoning. "I have outtoldthe clock."
Beau. & Fl.
OUTTERM,An external or superficial thing; outward manner; superficialremark, etc.
[Obs.]Not to bear cold forms, nor men's outterms. B. Jonson.
OUTTOIL,To exceed in toiling.
OUTTONGUE,To silence by talk, clamor, or noise. [R.] Shak.
OUTTOP,To overtop. [Obs.]
OUTTRAVEL,To exceed in speed o Mad. D' Arblay.
OUTTWINE,To disentangle. [Obs.]
OUTVALUE,To exceed in value. Boyle.
OUTVENOM,To exceed in venom.
OUTVIE,To exceed in vying. Dryden.
OUTVILLAIN,To exceed in villainy.
OUTVOICE,To exceed in noise. Shak.
OUTVOTE,To exceed in the number of votes given; to defeat by votes.South.
OUTWALK,To excel in walking; to leave behind in walking. B. Jonson.
OUTWALL,The exterior wall; the outside surface, or appearance. Shak.
OUTWARD,External form; exterior. [R.]So fair an outward and such stuff within.
Shak.
OUTWARDS,See Outward, adv.
OUTWATCH,To exceed in watching.
OUTWAY,A way out; exit. [R.]In divers streets and outways multiplied. P. Fletcher.
OUTWEARY,To weary out. Cowley.
OUTWEED,To weed out. [Obs.]
OUTWEEP,To exceed in weeping.
OUTWEIGH,To exceed in weight or value.
OUTWELL,To pour out. [Obs.] Spenser.
OUTWENT,imp. of Outgo.
OUTWHORE,To exceed in lewdness.
OUTWIN,To win a way out of. [Obs.]
OUTWIND,To extricate by winding; to unloose. [R.] Spenser. Dr. H. More.
OUTWING,To surpass, exceed, or outstrip in flying. Garth.
OUTWIT,To surpass in wisdom, esp. in cunning; to defeat or overreachby superior
craft.They did so much outwit and outwealth us ! Gauden.
OUTWOE,To exceed in woe. [Obs.]
OUTWORK,To exceed in working; to work more or faster than.
OUTWORTH,To exceed in worth. [R.]
OUTWREST,To extort; to draw from or forth by violence. [Obs.] Spenser.
OUTWRITE,To exceed or excel in writing.
OUTZANY,To exceed in buffoonery. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
OUVAROVITE,Chrome garnet.
OUZE,See Ooze. [Obs.]
OUZEL,Same as Ousel.The mellow ouzel fluted in the elm. Tennyson.
OVA,See Ovum.
OVAL,Broadly elliptical. Oval chuck (Mech.), a lathe chuck soconstructed that work
attached to it, and cut by the turning tool inthe usual manner, becomes of an oval
form.
OVALIFORM,Having the form of an egg; having a figure such that anysection in the
direction of the shorter diameter will be circular,and any in the direction of the
longer diameter will be oval.
OVALLY,In an oval form.
OVANT,Exultant. [Obs.] Holland.
OVARIOLE,One of the tubes of which the ovaries of most insects arecomposed.
OVARIOTOMIST,One who performs, or is skilled in, ovariotomy.
OVARIOTOMY,The operation of removing one or both of the ovaries;oöphorectomy.
OVARIOUS,Consisting of eggs; as, ovarious food. [R.] Thomson.
OVARITIS,Inflammation of the ovaries.
OVARIUM,An ovary. See Ovary.
OVARY,That part of the pistil which contains the seed, and in mostflowering plants
develops into the fruit. See Illust. of Flower.
OVATE,Having the shape of an egg, or of the longitudinal sectior ofan egg, with the
broader end basal. Gray.
OVATE-ACUMINATE,Having an ovate form, but narrowed at the end into a slenderpoint.
OVATE-CYLINDRACEOUS,Having a form intermediate between ovate and cylindraceous.
OVATE-LANCEOLATE,Having a form intermediate between ovate and lanceolate.
OVATE-OBLONG,Oblong. with one end narrower than the other; ovato-oblong.
OVATE-ROTUNDATE,Having a form intermediate between that of an egg and a
sphere;roundly ovate.
OVATE-SUBULATE,Having an ovate form, but with a subulate tip or extremity.
OVATED,Ovate.
OVATION,A lesser kind of triumph allowed to a commander for an easy,bloodless
victory, or a victory over slaves.
OVATO-ACUMINATE,Same as Ovate-acuminate.
OVATO-CYLINDRACEOUS,Same as Ovate-cylindraceous.
OVATO-OBLONG,Same as Ovate-oblong.
OVATO-ROTUNDATE,Same as Ovate-rotundate.
OVEN,A place arched over with brick or stonework, and used forbaking, heating, or
drying; hence, any structure, whether fixed orportable, which may be heated for
baking, drying, etc.; esp., now, achamber in a stove, used for baking or roasting.
OVER,Upper; covering; higher; superior; also, excessive; too much ortoo great; --
chiefly used in composition; as, overshoes, overcoat,over-garment, overlord,
overwork, overhaste.
OVER-ARM,Done (as bowling or pitching) with the arm raised above theshoulder. See
Overhard. "An over-arm with a round-arm bowler." R. A.Proctor.
OVER-BUSY,Too busy; officious.
OVER-GARMENT,An outer garment.
OVER-STORY,The clearstory, or upper story, of a building.
OVERABOUND,To be exceedingly plenty or superabundant. Pope.
OVERACT,To act more than is necessary; to go to excess in action. B.Jonson.
OVERACTION,Per
OVERAFFECT,To affect or care for unduly. [Obs.] Milton.
OVERAGITATE,To agitate or discuss beyond what is expedient. Bp. Hall.
OVERALL,Everywhere. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OVERANXIETY,The state of being overanxious; excessive anxiety.
OVERANXIOUS,Anxious in an excessive or needless degree.-- O"ver*anx"ious*ly, adv.
OVERARCH,To make or place an arch over; to hang over like an arch."Brown with
o'erarching shades." Pope.
OVERAWE,To awe exceedingly; to subjugate or restrain by awe or greatfear.The king
was present in person to overlook the magistrates, andoverawe these subjects with
the terror of his sword. Spenser.
OVERAWFUL,Awful, or reverential, in an excessive degree. [R.] Milton.
OVERBALANCE,Excess of weight or value; something more than an equivalent;as, an
overbalance of exports. J. Edwards.
OVERBARREN,Excessively barren.
OVERBATTLE,Excessively fertile; bearing rank or noxious growths. [Obs.]"Overbattle
grounds." Hooker.
OVERBEAR,To bear fruit or offspring to excess; to be too prolific.
OVERBEND,To bend to excess.
OVERBID,To bid or offer beyond, or in excess of. Dryden.
OVERBIDE,To outlive. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OVERBLOW,To force so much wind into a pipe that it produces an overtone,or a note
higher than the natural note; thus, the upper octaves of aflute are produced by
overblowing.
OVERBOARD,Over the side of a ship; hence, from on board of a ship, intothe water;
as, to fall overboard. To throw overboard, to discard; toabandon, as a dependent or
friend.
OVERBOIL,To boil over or unduly.Nor is discontent to keep the mind Deep in its
fountain, lest itoverboil In the hot throng. Byron.
OVERBOLD,Excessively or presumptuously bold; impudent. Shak.-- O"ver*bold"ly, adv.
OVERBOOKISH,Excessively bookish.
OVERBOUNTEOUS,Bounteous to excess.
OVERBOW,To bend or bow over; to bend in a contrary direction. [Obs.]Fuller.
OVERBREED,To breed to excess.
OVERBRIM,To flow over the brim; to be so full as to overflow. [R.]
OVERBROW,To hang over like a brow; to impend over. [Poetic] Longfellow.Did with a
huge projection overbrow Large space beneath. Wordsworth.
OVERBUILT,Having too many buildings; as, an overbuilt part of a town.
OVERBULK,To oppress by bulk; to overtower. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
OVERBURDEN,To load with too great weight or too much care, etc. Sir P.Sidney.
OVERBURDENSOME,Too burdensome.
OVERBURN,To burn too much; to be overzealous.
OVERCANOPY,To cover as with a canopy. Shak.
OVERCAPABLE,Too capable. [R.]Overcapable of such pleasing errors. Hooker.
OVERCARE,Excessive care. Dryden.
OVERCAREFUL,Too careful. Shak.
OVERCARKING,Too anxious; too full of care. [Archaic] Fuller.
OVERCARRY,To carry too far; to carry beyond the proper point. Hayward.
OVERCAST,To take long, loose stitches over (the raw edges of a seam) toprevent
raveling.
OVERCATCH,To overtake. [Obs.]
OVERCAUTIOUS,Too cautious; cautious or prudent to excess.-- O"ver*cau"tious*ly,
adv.-- O"ver*cau"tiou*ness, n.
OVERCHANGE,Too much or too frequent change; fickleness. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
OVERCHARGE,To make excessive charges.
OVERCLIMB,To climb over. Surrey.
OVERCLOUD,To cover or overspread with clouds; to becloud; to overcast.
OVERCLOY,To fill beyond satiety. Shak.
OVERCOAT,A coat worn over the other clothing; a greatcoat; a topcoat.
OVERCOLD,Cold to excess. Wiseman.
OVERCOLOR,To color too highly.
OVERCOME,To gain the superiority; to be victorious. Rev. iii. 21.
OVERCOMER,One who overcomes.
OVERCOMING,Conquering; subduing.-- O`ver*com"ing*ly, adv.
OVERCONFIDENCE,Excessive confidence; too great reliance or trust.
OVERCONFIDENT,Confident to excess.-- O"ver*con"fi*dent*ly, adv.
OVERCOSTLY,Too costly. Milton.
OVERCOUNT,To rate too high; to outnumber. Shak.
OVERCOVER,To cover up. Shak.
OVERCREDULOUS,Too credulous.
OVERCROW,To crow, exult, or boast, over; to overpower. Spenser. Shak.
OVERCROWD,To crowd too much.
OVERCUNNING,Exceedingly or excessively cunning.
OVERCURIOUS,Too curious.
OVERDARE,To dare too much or rashly; to be too daring.
OVERDATE,To date later than the true or proper period. Milton.
OVERDEAL,The excess. [Obs.]The overdeal in the price will be double. Holland.
OVERDELICATE,Too delicate.
OVERDELIGHTED,Delighted beyond measure.
OVERDEVELOP,To develop excessively; specif. (Photog.),
OVERDIGHT,Covered over. [Obs.] Spenser.
OVERDO,To labor too hard; to do too much.
OVERDOER,One who overdoes.
OVERDOSE,To dose to excess; to give an overdose, or too many doses, to.
OVERDRAFT,The act of overdrawing; also, the amount or sum overdrawn.
OVERDRAW,To make drafts upon or against, in excess of the proper amountor limit.
OVERDRESS,To dress or adorn to excess; to dress too much. Pope.
OVERDRINK,To drink to excess.
OVERDRIVE,To drive too hard, or far, or beyond strength.
OVERDROWN,To wet or drench to excess. [Obs.] W. Browne.
OVERDRY,To dry too much. Burton.
OVERDUE,Due and more than due; delayed beyond the proper time ofarrival or payment,
etc.; as, an overdue vessel; an overdue note.
OVERDYE,To dye with excess of color; to put one color over (another).Shak.
OVEREAGER,Too eager; too impatient.-- O`ver*ea"ger*ly, adv.-- O"ver*ea"ger*ness, n.
OVEREARNEST,Too earnest.-- O"ver*ear"nest*ly, adv.-- O"ver*ear"nest*ness, n.
OVERELEGANT,Too elegant. Johnson.
OVEREMPTY,To make too empty; to exhaust. [R.] Carew.
OVEREST,Uppermost; outermost.Full threadbare was his overeste courtepy. Chaucer.
OVERESTIMATE,To estimate too highly; to overvalue.
OVEREXCITE,To excite too much.
OVEREXCITEMENT,Excess of excitement; the state of being overexcited.
OVEREXERT,To exert too much.
OVEREXERTION,Excessive exertion.
OVEREXPOSE,To expose excessively; specif. (Photog.),
OVEREXQUISITE,Too exquisite; too exact or nice; too careful.
OVERFALL,A turbulent surface of water, caused by strong currents settingover
submerged ridges; also, a dangerous submerged ridge or shoal.
OVERFATIGUE,Excessive fatigue.
OVERFEED,To feed to excess; to surfeit.
OVERFIERCE,Excessively fierce.
OVERFILL,To fill to excess; to surcharge.
OVERFISH,To fish to excess.
OVERFLOAT,To overflow. [R.] Dryden.
OVERFLOWING,An overflow; that which overflows; exuberance; copiousness.He was ready
to bestow the overflowings of his full mind on anybodywho would start a subject.
Macaulay.
OVERFLOWINGLY,In great abundance; exuberantly. Boyle.
OVERFLUSH,To flush to excess. [R.]
OVERFLUTTER,To flutter over.
OVERFLUX,Overflow; exuberance. [R.]
OVERFLY,To cross or pass over by flight. Byron.
OVERFOND,, Milton.-- O"ver*fond"ly, adv.-- O"ver*fond"ness, n.
OVERFORCE,Excessive force; violence.
OVERFORWARD,Forward to excess; too forward.-- O"ver*for"ward*ness, n.
OVERFREE,Free to excess; too liberal; too familiar.-- O"ver*free"ly, adv.
OVERFREIGHT,To put too much freight in or upon; to load too full, or tooheavily; to
overload.
OVERFREQUENT,Too frequent.
OVERFRIEZE,To cover with a frieze, or as with a frieze. E. Hall.
OVERFRONT,To confront; to oppose; to withstand. [Obs.] Milton.
OVERFRUITFUL,Too fruitful.
OVERFULL,Too full; filled to overflowing; excessively full; surfeited.Shak.
OVERFULLNESS,The state of being excessively or abnormally full, so as tocause
overflow, distention, or congestion; excess of fullness;surfeit.
OVERGARRISON,To garrison to excess.
OVERGAZE,To gaze; to overlook. [Poetic] "Earth's o'ergazing mountains."Byron.
OVERGILD,To gild over; to varnish.
OVERGIRD,To gird too closely. [R.]
OVERGIVE,To give over; to surrender; to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.
OVERGLAD,Excessively or unduly glad.
OVERGLANCE,To glance over.
OVERGLIDE,To glide over. Wyatt.
OVERGLOOM,To spread gloom over; to make gloomy; to overshadow. [R.]Overgloomed by
memories of sorrow. De Quincey.
OVERGORGE,To gorge to excess.
OVERGRACE,To grace or honor exceedingly or beyond desert. [R.] Beau. &Fl.
OVERGRASSED,Overstocked, or overgrown, or covered, with grass. [Obs.]Spenser.
OVERGREAT,Too great.
OVERGREATNESS,Excessive greatness.
OVERGREEDY,Excessively greedy.
OVERGROSS,Too gross.
OVERGROUND,Situated over or above ground; as, the overground portion of aplant.
OVERGROW,To grow beyond the fit or natural size; as, a huge, overgrownox.
L'Estrange.
OVERGROWTH,Excessive growth.
OVERHALE,See Overhaul. [Obs.]
OVERHALL,See Overhaul. [Obs.]
OVERHAND,The upper hand; advantage; superiority; mastery.He had gotten thereby a
great overhand on me. Sir T. More.
OVERHANDLE,To handle, or use, too much; to mention too often. Shak.
OVERHANG,To jut over. Milton.
OVERHAPPY,Exceedingly happy. Shak.
OVERHARDEN,To harden too much; to make too hard. Boyle.
OVERHARDY,Too hardy; overbold.
OVERHASTE,Too great haste.
OVERHASTY,Too hasty; precipitate; rash.-- O"ver*has"ti*ly, adv.--
O`ver*has"ti*ness, n.
OVERHAUL,To gain upon in a chase; to overtake. To overhaul a tackle, topull on the
leading parts so as to separate the blocks.-- To overhaul running rigging, to keep
it clear, and see that nohitch occurs.
OVERHEAD,Aloft; above; in or attached to the ceiling or roof; in thestory or upon
the floor above; in the zenith.While overhead the moon Sits arbitress. Milton.
OVERHEAT,To heat to excess; to superheat. Cowper.
OVERHEAVY,Excessively heavy.
OVERHELE,To hele or cover over. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
OVERHENT,To overtake. [Obs.]So forth he went and soon them overhent. Spenser.
OVERHIGH,Too high.
OVERHIGHLY,Too highly; too greatly.
OVERHIP,To pass over by, or as by a hop; to skip over; hence, tooverpass. [Obs.]
"When the time is overhipt." Holland.
OVERHOLD,To hold or value too highly; to estimate at too dear a rate.[Obs.] Shak.
OVERINFLUENCE,To influence in an excessive degree; to have undue influenceover.
OVERINFORM,To inform, fill, or animate, excessively. [R.] Johnson.
OVERISSUE,An excessive issue; an issue, as of notes or bonds, exceedingthe limit of
capital, credit, or authority.An overissue of government paper. Brougham.
OVERJEALOUS,Excessively jealous; too jealous.
OVERJOY,To make excessively joyful; to gratify extremely.
OVERJUMP,To jump over; hence, to omit; to ignore. Marston.
OVERKING,A king who has sovereignty over inferior kings or rulingprinces. J. R.
Green.
OVERKNOWING,Too knowing or too cunning.
OVERLADE,To load with too great a cargo; to overburden; to overload.Spenser.
OVERLAND,Being, or accomplished, over the land, instead of by sea; as,an overland
journey.
OVERLANDER,One who travels over lands or countries; one who travelsoverland.
OVERLANGUAGED,Employing too many words; diffuse. Lowell.
OVERLAP,To lap over; to lap.
OVERLARGE,Too large; too great.
OVERLARGENESS,Excess of size or bulk.
OVERLASH,To drive on rashly; to go to excess; hence, to exaggerate; toboast. [Obs.]
Barrow.
OVERLASHING,Excess; exaggeration. [Obs.]
OVERLATE,Too late; exceedingly late.
OVERLAVE,To lave or bathe over.
OVERLAVISH,Lavish to excess.
OVERLAY,To put an overlay on.
OVERLAYER,One who overlays; that with which anything is overlaid.
OVERLAYING,A superficial covering; a coating.
OVERLEAD,To domineer over; to affront; to treat with indignity. [Obs.]Chaucer.
OVERLEAP,To leap over or across; hence, to omit; to ignore. "Let meo'erleap that
custom." Shak.
OVERLEARNED,Too learned.-- O"ver*learn"ed, adv.-- O"ver*learn"ed*ness, n.
OVERLEATHER,Upper leather. Shak.
OVERLEAVEN,To leaven too much; hence, to change excessively; to spoil.[Obs.]
OVERLIBERAL,Too liberal.
OVERLIBERALLY,In an overliberal manner.
OVERLICK,To lick over.
OVERLIE,To lie over or upon; specifically, to suffocate by lying upon;as, to
overlie an infant. Quain.A woman by negligence overlieth her child in her sleeping.
Chaucer.
OVERLIGHT,Too strong a light. Bacon.
OVERLINESS,The quality or state of being overly; carelessness. [Obs.] Bp.Hall.
OVERLINGER,To cause to linger; to detain too long. [Obs.] Fuller.
OVERLIP,The upper lip. [Obs.] Chaucer.
OVERLIVE,To outlive. Sir P. Sidney.The culture of Northumbria overlived the term of
its politicalsupermacy. Earle.
OVERLIVER,A survivor. Bacon.
OVERLOAD,To load or fill to excess; to load too heavily.
OVERLOGICAL,Excessively logical; adhering too closely to the forms or rulesof
logic.
OVERLONG,Too long. Shak.
OVERLOOKER,One who overlooks.
OVERLOOP,See Orlop. [Obs.]
OVERLORD,One who is lord over another or others; a superior lord; amaster. Freeman.
OVERLORDSHIP,Lordship or supremacy of a person or a people over others. J.R. Green.
OVERLOUD,Too loud; noisy.
OVERLOVE,To love to excess.
OVERLUSCIOUS,Excessively luscious.
OVERLUSTY,Too lusty, or lively. Shak.
OVERLY,In an overly manner. [Archaic]
OVERLYING,Lying over or upon something; as, overlying rocks.
OVERMAGNIFY,To magnify too much. Bp. Hall.
OVERMALAPERT,Excessively malapert or impudent. [Obs.] Prynne.
OVERMANNER,In an excessive manner; excessively. [Obs.] Wiclif.
OVERMARCH,To march too far, or too much; to exhaust by marching. Baker.
OVERMAST,To furnish (a vessel) with too long or too heavy a mast ormasts.
OVERMASTER,To overpower; to subdue; to vanquish; to govern.
OVERMATCH,One superior in power; also, an unequal match; a contest inwhich one of
the opponents is overmatched. Milton. D. Webster.
OVERMEASURE,To measure or estimate too largely.
OVERMEDDLE,To meddle unduly.
OVERMEDDLING,Excessive interference. "Justly shent for their overmeddling."Fuller.
OVERMELLOW,Too mellow; overripe.
OVERMERIT,Excessive merit. Bacon.
OVERMICKLE,Overmuch. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
OVERMIX,To mix with too much.
OVERMODEST,Modest to excess; bashful.-- O"ver*mod"est*ly, adv.
OVERMOIST,Excessively moist. Bacon.
OVERMOISTURE,Excess of moisture.
OVERMORE,Beyond; moreover. [Obs.]
OVERMORROW,The day after or following to-morrow. [Obs.] Bible (1551).
OVERMOST,Over the rest in authority; above all others; highest. [Obs.]Fabyan.
OVERMOUNT,To mount over; to go higher than; to rise above.
OVERMUCH,Too much.-- adv.
OVERMUCHNESS,The quality or state of being in excess; superabundance. [R.]B.
Jonson.
OVERMULTIPLY,To multiply or increase too much; to repeat too often.
OVERMULTITUDE,To outnumber. [Obs.]
OVERNAME,To name over or in a series; to recount. [Obs.] Shak.
OVERNEAT,Excessively neat. Spectator.
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