LESSON 20: Creating Alignment Stationing and Offsets

LESSON 20: Creating Alignment Stationing and Offsets
Station alignments to define even increments of alignment measurement. Create offsets to quickly generate
roadway details such as edge of pavement, edge of shoulder, and so on.
To work through this lesson follow these steps
1 Start Autodesk Land Desktop if you have not already done so.
2 On the File menu, click Open to display the Open Drawing: Project Based dialog box.
The default location folder for project files is c:\Land Projects 2006. If you opted to install these files in another
location instead, specify the appropriate project path.
3 From the Project Name list, select TUTORIAL2, from the Select Project Drawing list, select Lesson-
20.dwg, and then click OK.
4 On the Projects menu, click Workspaces to display the Workspaces toolbar. In the list, select Land
Desktop to display the Land Desktop menus.
Working through these lessons will result in alteration of the project files. Backup copies of these project files
can be found in the c:\Program Files\Land Desktop 2006\Landtut folder.
If this lesson has been previously run, copy these unaltered project files to the \Land Projects 2006 folder when
starting a new tutorial session to ensure that the sequence outlined in each lesson can be followed properly.
Changing Station Settings
In this exercise, you will change station settings by specifying the station base value, adding a layer prefix, and
beginning of curve and curve/tangent intersect labels.
1 On the Alignments menu, click Station Display Format to display the Edit Station Format dialog box.
2 In the Station/Chainage Numeric Format section change the Station base value to 1000 by moving the
slider to the right, and then click OK.
3 On the Alignments menu, click Alignment Labels to display the Alignment Labels Settings dialog box.
4 In the Layer Prefix section, enter *- (asterisk hyphen) for the Layer prefix.
This will append the alignment name automatically to all of the layers that are automatically created when
generating alignment stationing.
5 In the Label Text section, enter BC for the Beginning of curve and EC for the Curve/Tangent intersect,
and then click OK.
Although stationing can be accomplished in a single operation, this lesson shows you how to create station
labels with a specific text style and offset first, and then station point labels with a different text style and offset.
6 On the Alignments menu, click Station Label Settings to display the Alignment Station Label Settings
dialog box.
7 Clear the Station point labels check box, enter 50 m for the Station label increment, 10 m for the Station
tick increment, and 2 m for the Station label offset, and then click OK.
8 On the Utilities menu, click Set Text Style to display the Text Style dialog box.
9 From the Style Name list, select 2MM, and then click Close.
You now have a new station label style.
Generating Alignment Stationing
In this exercise, you will add station labels to the alignment. First, set alignment A1b as the current alignment.
1 On the Alignments menu, click Set Current Alignment, and then press ENTER to display the Alignment
Librarian dialog box.
2 From the Selection list, select A1b, and then click OK.
3 On the Alignments menu, click Create Station Labels.
4 Accept the default beginning and ending station values, and then press ENTER to accept the default,
Yes, to delete existing stationing layers.
The station labels are automatically generated.

Click here to see an illustration of the station labels.
Use the following steps to add station point labels to the alignment.
5 On the Alignments menu, click Station Label Settings to display the Alignment Stationing Settings
dialog box.
6 Clear the Station labels check box, select the Station point labels check box, enter 25 m for the Station
label offset, and then click OK.
7 On the Utilities menu, click Set Text Style to display the Text Style dialog box.
8 From the Style Name list, select 3MM, and then click Close.
You now have a new station point label style.
9 On the Alignments menu, click Create Station Labels.

10 Accept the default beginning and ending station values, and then press ENTER to accept the default,
Yes, to delete existing stationing layers.
The station point labels are automatically generated. When you are working with some smaller-radius curves
the station point labels may need to be manually adjusted for clarity.
11 Zoom in on the alignment to view the station point labels.
Click here to see an illustration of the station point labels.

LESSON 21: Extracting Existing Ground Data for Profiles
Using existing alignments and surfaces, extract the necessary data to generate existing ground profiles, one with
data from a single surface, and one with data from multiple surfaces and offsets.
4 Display the Civil Design menus by selecting Civil Design from the Workspaces toolbar. If the
Workspaces toolbar is not displayed, click Projects Workspaces.
Sampling a Single Surface for an Existing Ground Profile
Sample the existing ground surface to extract data for an existing ground profile. The surface does not have to
be visible in the drawing. The sampling occurs by reading the surface file from the project database.
Select the current alignment to use for the existing ground profile.
Use the following steps to select the current surface to use for the existing ground profile.
3 If multiple surfaces are toggled on, toggle them off. On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Toggle
Multiple Surfaces. Review the command line message to verify that multiple surfaces have been toggled off.
4 On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Set Current Surface to display the Select Surface dialog box.
5 Verify that Terrain Surface is selected, from the Select surface to open list, select OG, and then click
OK.
Use the following steps to sample the existing ground along the roadway alignment for the existing ground
profile.
6 On the Profiles menu, click Existing Ground Sample From Surface to display the Profile Sampling
Settings dialog box.
7 Accept all of the defaults in this dialog box by clicking OK.
8 Press ENTER to accept the default starting station, and then press ENTER to accept the default ending
station.
You now have the sampled data from a single surface to generate an existing ground profile.
Sampling Multiple Surfaces and Offsets for an Existing Ground Profile

Sample multiple surfaces and offsets to create a multiple surface profile. Multiple surfaces can include
subsurfaces, such as rock or clay.
Select the current alignment to use for the second existing ground profile.
Use the following steps to select the current surfaces to use for the second existing ground profile.
3 On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces to turn on the use of multiple surfaces.
4 Verify that "Multiple surfaces are on" is displayed at the command line. If "Multiple surfaces are off" is
displayed at the command line, select the Toggle Multiple Surfaces command again.
5 On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Select Multiple Surfaces to display the Multiple Surface Selection
dialog box.
6 From the Select from list, select OG, hold down the CTRL key, and then select Rock.
7 Verify that both surfaces appear in the Current list, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to sample the existing ground surface again with left and right offsets.
8 On the Profiles menu, click Existing Ground Sample From Surface to display the Profile Sampling
Settings dialog box.
9 In the Left and Right Sampling section, select the Sample Left/Right check box.
10 Enter 15 m for both the Left and Right Sample offset values, and then click OK.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default starting station, and then press ENTER to accept the default ending
station.
You now have the sampled data from multiple surfaces to generate an existing ground profile.
Next, turn off the use of multiple surfaces.
12 On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces.
This concludes the existing ground sampling lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about creating existing
ground profiles.
LESSON 22: Creating Existing Ground Profiles
Working with existing alignments, surfaces, and sampled data, change profile settings to suit your preferences
and create existing ground profiles.
3 From the Project Name list select TUTORIAL3, from the Select Project Drawing list, select Lesson-
Changing Existing Ground Profile Settings
Change profile settings to specify the layer prefix and stationing and grid line increments for the existing
ground profile.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Profile Settings Labels and Prefix to display the Profile Labels Settings
dialog box.
2 In the Layer Prefix section, enter *- (asterisk hyphen) for the Layer prefix, and then accept the default
label text settings by clicking OK.
Prefixing the layer name with an asterisk and hyphen appends the alignment name to the profile layers that you
create.
3 On the Profiles menu, click Profile Settings Values to display the Profile Value Settings dialog box.
4 In the Stationing Increments section, enter 50 m for both the Tangent labels and Vertical grid lines
values, and then accept the rest of the default profile values by clicking OK.
Creating the First Existing Ground Profile
Select the current alignment to use for the first existing ground profile.
2 From the Selection list, select A1c, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to create a full existing ground profile based on a single sampled surface.
3 On the View menu, click Named Views to display the View dialog box. Under Name, select 2, click Set
Current, and then click OK.
4 On the Profiles menu, click Create Profile Full Profile to display the Profile Generator dialog box.
5 In the Datum Elevation Entry section, enter 220 m for the Datum, and then in the Profile creation
parameters section, verify that Left to Right is selected.
6 In the Grid Creation section, enter 25 m for the Horizontal spacing, verify that the Vertical spacing is 5
m and the Grid height is 15 m, and then click OK.
7 Specify a starting point for the lower-left corner of the profile near the lower-left corner of your screen,
and then enter No when prompted to delete existing profile layers.
Click here to see an illustration of the first existing ground profile.

After a profile has been drawn, avoid moving it because its initial position determines vertical alignment
elevation and station parameters. It is recommended that you erase and then recreate a profile if it is necessary
to reposition it on your sheet. If moving a profile is unavoidable, you can undefine it (using the Undefine
Profile command), move the profile, and then redefine it (using the Define Profile command).
Creating the Second Existing Ground Profile
Select the current alignment to use for the second existing ground profile.
4 On the Profiles menu, click Create Profile Full Profile to display the Profile Surfaces dialog box.
5 From the Selection list, select OG, and then click OK to display the Profile Generator dialog box.
6 In the Profile creation parameters section, select Right to Left, and then select the Import Left/Right
profiles check box.
7 In the Grid Creation section, select the Import Grid
check box, enter 40 for the Grid height, and then click OK.
8 Specify a starting point for the lower-right corner of the profile near the right side of your screen above
the plan view, and then enter No when prompted to delete existing profile layers.
Adding a Subsurface Profile to an Existing Profile
Add a subsurface profile (generated from sampling multiple surfaces), based on the same alignment used in the
last section.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Create Profile Surface Profile to display the Profile Surfaces dialog box.
2 From the Selection list, select Rock, and then click OK to import the subsurface profile line onto the
existing profile.
Click here to see an illustration of the second existing ground profile.

This concludes the existing ground profile creation lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about creating
finished ground vertical alignments.
LESSON 23: Creating Finished Vertical Alignments
In this lesson you will create a finished ground vertical alignment and then use the Vertical Alignment Editor to
assign a design speed to the alignment and adjust a vertical curve length. In this example, the profile exists in
the same drawing as the plan geometry, but this is not a requirement.
Specifying the Finished Ground Objects Layer
It is important to draw vertical alignment objects on the correct layer, PFGC. When you define the finished
ground, the Define FG Centerline command turns off all layers in the drawing except for PFGC, so you can
easily select the objects to define.
If you draw finished ground objects on other layers, they will not be visible when you try to define finished
ground. However, you can draw finished ground objects on a layer other than PFGC or [alignment name
prefix]-PFGC if you specify the desired layer name in the Finished Ground Layer Settings dialog box.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Profile Settings FG Layers to display the Finished Ground Layer Settings
dialog box.
2 In the Finished Ground section, verify that PFGC is the Center layer, and then click OK.
In this example, the alignment name is appended to the layer name as a prefix, so the full layer name is A1C-
PFGC. This alignment prefix setting is controlled in the Profile Labels settings.
Changing Finished Ground Profile Settings
Specify vertical curve label increments for the finished ground profile. These labels are created when you
import a profile that contains vertical curves.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Profile Settings Values to display the Profile Value Settings dialog box.
2 In the Stationing Increments section, enter 25 m for the Vertical curve labels.
3 Click OK.
Drawing Finished Ground Tangents
Draw finished ground tangents for the proposed vertical alignment of the side road which crosses the highway.
First, specify A1c as the current alignment.
Use the following step to specify A1c-PFGC as the current layer for the finished ground centerline tangents.
4 On the Profiles menu, click FG Centerline Tangents Set Current Layer.
Use the following steps to draw finished ground tangents.
5 On the Profiles menu, click FG Centerline Tangents Create Tangents.

6 Enter S for the Station option, press ENTER to accept the default Station value, and then enter 232.4 m
for the Elevation.
7 Enter S for the Station option, and then enter 285 for the Station value.
8 Enter G for the Grade option, and then enter 4 for the Grade percentage.
9 Enter L for the Length option, and then enter 212 m for the Length.
10 Enter G for Grade option, and then enter -4 for the Grade percentage.
11 Enter L for the Length option, and then enter 90 m for the Length.
12 Enter E for Elevation option, enter 235.86 m for the Elevation, and then enter X to Exit the command.
You now have the finished ground tangents for the proposed vertical alignment.
Click here to see an illustration of the finished ground tangents.
Drawing Finished Ground Vertical Curves
Draw finished ground vertical curves to transition between the finished ground tangents.
1 On the Profiles menu, click FG Vertical Curves to display the Vertical Curves dialog box.
2 From the Description list, select K Value, and then click OK.
3 Select the first finished ground tangent for the incoming tangent, and then select the second finished
ground tangent for the outgoing tangent.
4 Enter 16 for the Minimum K value, and then press ENTER to accept the default Length of curve value,
128.
5 Select the second finished ground tangent for the incoming tangent, and then select the third finished
ground tangent for the outgoing tangent.
6 Enter 16 for the Minimum K value, press ENTER to accept the default length of curve value, 73.6, and
then press ENTER to end the command.
You now have the finished ground vertical curves for the proposed vertical alignment.
Click here to see an illustration of the finished ground vertical curves.
Defining Finished Ground
So far the vertical geometry has only been generated as objects in the drawing. For the program to perform its
design functions the vertical alignment must be defined and written out to the project directory.
1 On the Profiles menu, click FG Vertical Alignments Define FG Centerline.
The A1c-PFGC layer is automatically isolated.
2 Select a point near the left end of the vertical alignment for the Starting point, and then use a window
selection set to select the remaining vertical alignment objects.
3 Press ENTER.
Xs, drawn as temporary vectors, appear at the four PVIs on the vertical alignment.
Generating Finished Ground Labels
Generate finished ground labels for the vertical alignment by importing a new version of the vertical alignment
into the drawing.
1 On the Profiles menu, click FG Vertical Alignments Import.

2 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to label tangents and vertical curves.
3 Press ENTER a second time to accept the default, Yes, to delete the finished ground profile layer.
The finished ground labels for the vertical alignment are automatically generated.
Click here to see an illustration of the finished ground labels.
Working with the Vertical Alignment Editor
You can make changes to the vertical alignment, including assigning a design speed and modifying the vertical
curve length, by working with the Vertical Alignment Editor.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Edit Vertical Alignments.

2 In the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box, click the Finished Ground tab, select the Center
offset, and then click OK to display the Vertical Alignment Editor.
Note If the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box is not displayed before the Vertical Alignment Editor is
displayed, select the Finished Ground tab in the Vertical Alignment Editor, and select the Center offset. The
display of the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box is controlled by a setting in the Vertical Alignment
Editor Options dialog box.
In the next step, you assign a design speed of 60 kph to the alignment. This design speed is used to check the
appropriate length of the vertical curves in the Vertical Alignment Editor.
3 In the Vertical Alignment Editor, click Design Speed to display the Design Speeds dialog box.
4 Click in the Speed field, and then type 60 for the design speed.
This indicates that the design speed of 60 kph starts at station 0. This design speed will apply to the entire
alignment unless you enter another station and design speed.
5 Click OK.
The Speed column in the Vertical Alignment Editor is updated to show values of 60 kph for all PVIs.
Next, you will modify the curve length using the Curve Calculator section of the dialog box.
6 Place your cursor in the row for PVI 3.

7 Click Calculator to expand the dialog box and display the Curve Calculator.
8 Select the speed table named "US AASHTO 1994 Metric" from the Speed Table list on the right of the
dialog box.
Notice the criteria and length columns below this list. An exclamation point next to the curve length indicates
that the current curve length (73.60) does not meet the criteria based on the current design speed. You double-
click on a length value to send that value into the Curve Calculator on the left side of the dialog box.
9 Double-click on the recommended length for Headlight Sight Distance, 82.80.
The Curve Length box on left side of the Curve Calculator is updated with the value 82.80, and the K box is
updated with a value of 18.00 for that length.
10 Click to insert this value into the Vertical Alignment Editor.
For this example, you will now round up the length value to 100 meters.
11 Double-click the curve length field for PVI 3 in the Vertical Alignment Editor (in the top part of the
dialog box).
12 Type 100 and press ENTER.
The associated curve data is updated in the calculator to reflect the new curve length.
Notice an asterisk next to the Center offset in the Offset list at the top of the dialog box. The asterisk indicates
that the profile offset has been edited but not yet saved.
13 Click to save the changes to the project database.
Notice that the asterisk next to the Center offset disappears.
14 Click Close to close the Vertical Alignment Editor.

15 When the AutoCAD message is displayed, asking if you want to import the profile into the drawing,
click Yes.
16 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to label tangents and vertical curves.
17 Press ENTER a second time to accept the default, Yes, to delete the finished ground profile layer.
The updated vertical alignment is displayed.

Click here to see an illustration of the updated vertical alignment.
This concludes the finished ground vertical alignment lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about extracting
surface data to create cross sections.
LESSON 24: Extracting Existing Ground Data for Cross Sections
Using existing alignments and surfaces, extract the necessary data to generate existing ground cross sections.
For one alignment you will sample a single surface, and for another alignment you will sample multiple
surfaces.
Sampling a Single Surface for Cross Sections
Select the current alignment and current surface to use for the first set of existing ground cross sections, then
sample the surface and add specific stations.
2 From the Selection list, select a1c, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to select the current surface to use for the first set of existing ground cross sections.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Set Current Surface to display the Select Surface dialog
box.
4 Verify that the Terrain Surface radio button is selected, from the Select surface to open list, select og,
and then click OK.
Use the following steps to sample the existing ground along the roadway alignment for the first set of existing
ground cross sections.
5 On the Cross Sections menu, click Existing Ground Sample From Surface to display the Section
Sampling Settings dialog box.
6 In the Swath Widths section, enter 27 m for Left and Right width values.
7 In the Sample Increments section, enter 25 m for Tangents value and 15 m for Curves and Spirals
values.
8 In the Additional Sample Control section, select the PC’s/PT’s and Alignment end check boxes.
Next, specify additional sections before and after bridge abutments on both sides of the alignment.
9 Select the Add specific stations check box. In the Sample Lines section, select the Import check box,
and then click OK.
10 Press ENTER to accept the default Beginning station value, and then press ENTER to accept the default
Ending station value.
11 Enter 249.55 for the first Critical station value, 249.6 for the second Critical station value, 314.95 for the
third Critical station value, 315 for the fourth Critical station value, and then press ENTER.
The existing ground surface is sampled, and cross section lines appear along the alignment in plan view at
specified locations.
Click here to see an illustration of the single surface cross section sample lines.
Sampling Multiple Surfaces for Cross Sections
Cross sections can include subsurfaces, such as rock or clay. Select the current alignment and the surfaces to
sample, then sample the surfaces and add specific stations.
2 From the Selection list, select a2c, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to select the current surfaces to use for the second existing ground cross section.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces to turn on the use of multiple
surfaces.
4 Verify that "Multiple surfaces are on" is displayed at the command line. If "Multiple surfaces are off" is
displayed, select the Toggle Multiple Surfaces command again.
5 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Select Multiple Surfaces to display the Multiple Surface
Selection dialog box.
6 From the Select from list, select og, hold down CTRL, and then select rock.
7 Verify that both surfaces appear in the Current list, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to sample the surfaces with left and right offsets.
8 On the Cross Sections menu, click Existing Ground Sample From Surface to display the Section
Sampling Settings dialog box.
9 In the Swath Widths section, enter 40 m for the Left value and 15 m for the Right value.
10 In the Sample Increments section, enter 20 m for the Tangents, Curves and Spirals values.
11 In the Additional Sample Control section, select the Add Specific Stations and TS-SC’
s/CS-ST’s check boxes, and verify that the remaining check boxes are cleared in this section. In the Sample
Lines section, verify that the Import check box is selected, and then click OK.
13 Enter 16671.5 for the first Critical station value, 16671.53 for the second Critical station value, and
17119.95 for the third Critical station value.
14 Enter 17119.97 for the fourth Critical station value, 17374.91 for the fifth Critical station value, and
17464.91 for the sixth Critical station value, and then press ENTER.
Use the following step to turn off the use of multiple surfaces so that it will not effect the sampling of other
alignments.
15 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces.
The existing ground surface is sampled, with sample cross section lines appearing along the alignment in plan
view at specified locations.
Click here to see an illustration of the multiple surface cross section sample lines.
This concludes the existing ground sampling lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about drawing templates.
LESSON 25: Drawing Templates
Draw templates to model the components of roadway cross sections, and then define how the template will
interact with its associated alignment. Draw an urban two-lane symmetrical template with a top surface, curb,
granular base, and grass buffer slope.
Template Drawing Conventions
n Template components are not layer-dependent; you can draw them on any layer
n The Draw Template command creates 2D polylines using the vertical scale of the current drawing
n Templates can be comprised of normal and/or subgrade components
n Normal components include top course (asphalt) surfaces, curbs, and sidewalks
n Subgrade components are granular base surfaces which maintain a consistent grade
n Each normal template component must be drawn as a closed polyline, except for some components of
symmetrical templates which cross the alignment centerline
n Subgrade components are drawn with only a line delineating its top surface; sides and bottom limits are
defined by design parameters
n When drawing a symmetrical template, you only need to draw the left side of the template from and to
the roadway centerline. The template will be automatically mirrored to create a complete template as a closed
polyline
n When drawing asymmetrical templates, you need to draw the entire template.
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Drawing Templates
1 On the Cross Sections menu, select Set Template Path to display the Template Path dialog box.
2 Verify that the User Preferences Cross Section Templates root path check box is selected, and then
verify that the Root path is \Program Files\Land Desktop 2006\data\tplates.
3 Enter Tutorial for the Path, and then click OK to continue.
Drawing the Top Surface
Specify an area on your screen to draw the template.
1 On the command line, enter ZOOM and then enter C for the Center option, click anywhere in the
drawing to specify the center point, and then enter 20 for the Magnification.
2 Turn off any running object snaps. Type OSNAP at the command line to display the Object Snap tab of
the Drafting Settings dialog box, and then clear the Object Snap On check box and click OK.
Use the following steps to draw the top surface of the template, beginning at the roadway centerline, drawing to
the left (negative direction), and then straight down, and then to the right (positive direction) back to the
centerline.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, select Draw Template, and then select a point near the middle of your
screen for the starting point of the template.
4 Enter G for the Grade option, enter -2 for the grade percentage, and then enter -4.25 m for the Change in
offset.
5 Enter R for the Relative option, enter 0 (zero) m for the Change in offset, and then enter -0.15 m for the
Change in elevation.
6 Enter G for the Grade option, enter 2 for the grade percentage, and then enter 4.25 m for the change in
offset.
7 Press ENTER twice.
The Draw Template command takes into account the vertical drawing scale and exaggerates the drawn template
componts accordingly.
Click here to see an illustration of the top surface.
Drawing the Curb
Draw the curb component of the template.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, select Draw Template, and then use an Endpoint Osnap to select the start
of the curb at the upper-left corner of the top surface.
"Grade" is the current option displayed at the command line.
2 Enter -6 for the Grade percentage, and then enter -0.3 m for the Change in offset.
3 Enter R for the Relative option, enter -0.05 m for the Change in offset, and then enter 0.15 m for the
4 Enter -0.15 m for the Change in offset, and then enter 0 (zero) m for the Change in elevation.
5 Enter 0 (zero) m for the Change in offset, and then enter -0.4 m for the Change in elevation.
6 Enter 0.5 m for the Change in offset, enter 0 (zero) m for the Change in elevation, and then enter C to
close the curb polyline.
7 Press ENTER.
Click here to see an illustration of the curb.
Drawing the Granular Base Surface
Draw the granular base surface component of the template.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, select Draw Template, and then use an Endpoint Osnap to select the start
of the subgrade at the lower-right corner of the top surface.
2 Enter P for the Points option, and then use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-left corner of the top
surface.
3 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-right corner of the curb.
4 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-left corner of the curb.
5 Enter R for the Relative option, enter 0 (zero) m for the Change in offset, and then enter 0.12 m for the
6 Enter -0.1 m for the Change in offset, and then enter 0 m for the Change in elevation.
7 Enter 0 m for the Change in offset, and then enter -0.3 m for the Change in elevation.
8 Enter G from the Grade option, enter 2 for the Grade percentage, and then enter 4.85 m for the Change
in offset.
9 Press ENTER twice.
Click here to see an illustration of the granular base surface.
Drawing the Grass Buffer Slope Surface
Draw the grass buffer slope surface component of the template.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, select Draw Template, and then use an Endpoint Osnap to start drawing
the grass buffer slope at the upper- left corner of the curb.
2 Enter 2 for the Grade percentage, and then enter -1.5 m for the Change in offset, and then enter C to
close the grass buffer slope polyline back on itself.
3 Press ENTER.
Click here to see an illustration of the grass buffer slope surface.

This completes the drawing of all of the template components.
This concludes the template drawing lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about defining templates.
LESSON 26: Defining Templates
Define templates by assigning materials to each template component, and then specifying the reference point,
connection points out, and datum.
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Editing Templates
Specify the template storage path.
Selecting a Material Table
Select a material table with the names of the construction materials that will be assigned to the template
components.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Edit Material Table to display the Material Table Editor
dialog box.
2 In the Table section, from the Table list, select client_a.mat, and then click OK.
Defining an Urban Template
Define an symmetrical urban template for existing template entities. The urban template is the top template in
the current drawing view.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Define Template.

2 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-right end of the top surface at the roadway centerline for the
reference point.
3 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for a symmetrical template.
4 Use a crossing selection set to select all of the template surfaces, and then press ENTER.
Use the following steps to define the template curb, buffer slope, asphalt, and granular base surfaces.
5 Press ENTER to accept the default, Normal, for the first surface highlighted, the top surface.
6 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Asphalt, and then click OK.
7 Press ENTER to accept the default, Normal, for the second surface highlighted, the curb.
8 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Curb, and then click OK.
9 Press ENTER to accept the default, Normal, for the third surface highlighted, the granular base.
10 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Granular Base, and then click OK.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, Normal, for the fourth surface highlighted, the grass buffer slope.
12 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Buffer Slope, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to define the connection point out and datum points along the bottom of the template.
13 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-left end of the buffer slope for the connection point out.
14 Press ENTER to accept the default, 1, for the Datum number.
15 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-left end of the buffer slope for the first datum point.
16 Use Endpoint Osnaps to continue selecting points, tracing a line around the bottom of the template
towards the roadway centerline, and then finishing at the lower-right end of the subgrade surface.
17 Press ENTER to finish selecting datum points and display the Attach Subassemblies dialog box, and
then click OK to continue.
18 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for saving the template, and then enter Template1 for Template
name.
19 Enter No when prompted to define another template.
The completes the urban template definition process.
Defining a Rural Template
Define a symmetrical rural template from existing template entities.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Define Template.
3 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-right end of the top surface at the roadway centerline for the
reference point.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for a symmetrical template.
5 Use a crossing selection set to select all of the template surfaces, and then press ENTER.
Use the following steps to define the template asphalt surface.
6 Press ENTER to accept the default, Normal, for the first surface highlighted, the top surface.
7 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Asphalt, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to define a subgrade surface for the template with base and sub base courses. This
template will be used in a fill condition.
8 Enter S for the Subgrade option.

9 Enter 0.15 m for the Subgrade depth and -2 for the Subgrade match grade percent value.
10 Press ENTER to accept the default, Grade, for the Subgrade match type.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, -2, for the Subgrade break match grade percent value.
12 Press ENTER to accept the default, 0, for the Subgrade break point offset modifier.
13 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Base Course, and then click OK.
14 Enter 0.3 m for the next subgrade depth, enter -3 for Subgrade match grade percent value.
15 Press ENTER to accept the default, -3, for the Subgrade break match grade percent value.
16 Press ENTER to accept the default, 0, for the Subgrade break point offset modifier.
17 As the Surface Material Names dialog box is displayed, select Sub Base Course, and then click OK.
18 Press ENTER to accept the default, None, for the Next subgrade depth.
19 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for saving the template, and then enter Template2 for Template
name.
20 Enter No when prompted to define another template.
This completes the rural template definition process.
Importing Templates
Import the rural template into the drawing.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Import Template to display the Template Librarian dialog
box.
3 From the Selection list, select Template2, and then click OK.
4 Specify an insertion point for the template, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Fill, for the
Shoulder display.
The subgrade surfaces are drawn with temporary vectors.

Click here to see an illustration of the rural template.
This concludes the template definition lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about point codes and template
editing.
LESSON 27: Working with Point Codes and Editing Templates
Edit templates by adding point codes to define specific template regions.
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Working with Point Codes
Specify the template storage path.
Viewing Template Connection Points and Point Codes
1 On the command line, enter ZOOM and then enter C for the Center option, click near the middle of the
current drawing view to specify the center point, and then enter 15 for the magnification.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Edit Template to display the Template Librarian dialog
box.
3 From the Selection list, select T1a, and then click OK.
4 Specify an insertion point for the template in the center of the viewing area, enter D for the Display
option, and then enter C for the Connection points option.
Click here to see an illustration of the connection points.
5 Enter R for the Redraw option, and then enter P for the Points option.
The connection points out and the roadway centerline reference point have been automatically assigned point
codes which are displayed with Xs and numbers drawn with temporary vectors.
Adding Point Codes to the Template
In order to identify additional critical points on the template, add point codes to the edge of pavement and
bottom of the subgrade surface on both sides.
1 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to return to the main Edit Template menu.
2 Enter E for the Edit surface option, enter P for the Points option, and then enter A for the Add points
option.
Use the following steps to select both edge of pavement points and create a new point code for them.
3 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-left end of the asphalt surface.
4 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, confirm that client_a.pcd is the current point
code table name.
5 In the Point Codes section, click New to display the New Point Code dialog box.
6 Enter 25 for the Point code and EOP for the Description.
7 Click OK to return to the Template Points Codes dialog box, and then click OK.
8 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-right end of the asphalt surface.
9 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, from the Point Codes list, select 25 EOP, and
then click OK.
Use the following steps to select both bottom-of-subgrade points and create a new point code for them.
10 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-left end of the subgrade surface.
11 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, from the Point Codes section, click New to
display the New Point Code dialog box.
12 Enter 26 for the Point code and BOS for the Description.
14 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-right end of the subgrade surface.
15 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, in the point codes list, select 26 BOS, and then
click OK.
Click here to see an illustration of the assigned edge of pavement and subgrade point codes.
Adding a Top Surface to the Template
Add a top surface to the template for the purpose of creating a future 3D model of the finished roadway.
1 Press ENTER to continue, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the edit point codes
menu.
2 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to return to the main edit template menu.
3 Enter SR for the Surface connection option and enter T for the Top surface option.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default, 1, for the Top surface number.
5 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left end of the buffer slope surface.
6 Use Endpoint Osnaps to trace the top surface of the template, finishing up at the right end of the buffer
slope surface.
7 Press ENTER to end the selection of top surface points.
9 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the main Edit Template menu.
10 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for saving the template.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, T1a, for the Template name.
12 Enter Yes when prompted to overwrite the existing template.
You now have an edited template with new point codes and a new top surface.
This concludes the point code and template editing lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about cross section
design parameters.
LESSON 28: Assigning Design Parameters to Cross Sections
Assign a template and design parameters to a range of stations along an alignment to construct a road model.
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Working with Cross Sections
Applying Minimum Design Control to an Alignment
Select the current alignment to use for applying minimum design control.
2 From the Selection list, select A1d, and then click OK.
Use design control to select the urban template and assign slope parameters.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Edit Design Control to display the Enter Station
Range dialog box.
4 Accept the Start and End station values by clicking OK.
5 As the Design Control dialog box is displayed, click Template Control to display the Template Control
dialog box.
6 Click (Template) Select to display the Template Librarian dialog box, select T1b, and then click OK to
return to the Template Control dialog box.
7 Click OK to return to the Design Control dialog box.

8 Click Slopes to display the Slope Control dialog box.
9 In both the Left and Right Design slopes sections, enter 2 for the Typical design slope value for both Cut
and Fill conditions, and then click OK to return the Design Control dialog box.
10 Click OK to display the Process Status dialog box and automatically process the cross sections.
11 As the Section Process Status dialog box is displayed, click View Errors to display the Control
Processing Errors dialog box.
12 When you have finished reviewing the information in this dialog box, click OK to return to the Section
Process Status dialog box.
13 Click OK to return to the Process Status dialog box, and then click OK to continue.
Defining Slopes for Surfaces
Switch to using the highway alignment and take a look at some of the advanced design control options. Define
slope parameters for two different surfaces to show how slope conditions change in the different subsurface
materials.
Use the following steps to define two surface slope conditions, one for original ground and one for rock.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Surface Slopes to display the Surface Control Editor
Status dialog box.
4 Click Yes to define surface control and display the New Surface Values dialog box.
5 Enter OG for the Surface name and 2 for the Slope, and then click OK to display the Surface Control
Editor dialog box.
6 Click New to display the New Surface Values dialog, enter Rock for the Surface name, 0.25 for the
Slope, and 1 m for the Width.
7 Click OK to return to the Surface Control Editor dialog box, click Save, and then click OK to continue.
Applying Design Control to an Alignment
Select the rural template for the south-bound lane of the roadway and use design control to assign slope, ditch,
and transition parameters.
Range dialog box.
2 Enter 15700 for the Starting station and 16300 for the Ending station, and then click OK to display the
Design Control dialog box.
3 Click Template Control to display the Template Control dialog box.
4 Click (Template) Select to display the Template Librarian dialog box, select T2b, and then click OK to
return to the Template Control dialog box.
Assigning Ditch Parameters to the Alignment
Assign ditch parameters to the alignment by specifying foreslope and depth values.
1 Click Ditches to display the Ditch Control dialog box.

2 In both the Left and Right sections, from the Type list, select Cut.
3 In both the Left and Right sections, select the Foreslope check box and enter 3 for the Foreslope value.
4 In both the Left and Right sections, select the Depth check box, enter 1.5 m for the depth value, and then
select the Depth from hinge check box.
5 In both the Left and Right sections, enter 1 m for the Base width, and then click OK to return to the
Assigning Slope Parameters to the Alignment
Assign slope parameters to the alignment by specifying cut and fill conditions and right-of-way constraints.
2 In both the Left and Right Design slopes sections, enter 2.5 for the Typical design slope values for fill
conditions and enter 2 for the Maximum design slope values for fill conditions.
3 In the Left Design slopes section, from the Cut type list, select Surface, and then enter 2 for both the
Typical and Maximum design slope value for cut condition.
4 In the Right Design slopes section, verify the Cut type is Simple, and then enter 2 for both the Typical
and Maximum design slope value for cut condition.
5 In the Left Right-of-way section, select the Hold check box, and then click OK to return to the Design
Control dialog box.
Right-of-way hold automatically increases the slopes on a cross section up to their maximum value in an
attempt to ensure that catchpoints stay inside the right-of-way. Catchpoints will occur outside of the right-of-
way if there is insufficient right-of-way distance to accommodate the maximum slope.
The distance between the roadway centerline and the right-of-way alignment is calculated on a per cross section
basis and is applied to the left and/or right offset design control.
Attaching Alignments
Attach additional alignments for the left right-of-way and the centerline of the south-bound lane.
1 Click Attach Alignments to display the Attach Alignments dialog box.

2 In the Left section, click ROW, and then press ENTER to display the Alignment Librarian dialog box.
3 From the Selection list, select L_ROW, and then click OK to return to the Attach Alignments dialog
box.
4 In the Left section, click ONE, and then press ENTER to display the Alignment Librarian dialog box.
5 From the Selection list, select cl-sbl, and then click OK to return to the Attach Alignments dialog box.
6 In the Right section, click ONE, and then press ENTER to display the Alignment Librarian dialog box.
7 From the Selection list, select cl-sbl, and then click OK to return to the Attach Alignments dialog box
then click OK to return to the Design Control dialog box.
9 As the Section Processing Status dialog box is displayed, click View Errors to display the Control
In some cases the specified design criteria could not be applied to the cross section. Errors result because the
existing ground cross section is not wide enough to properly fit the back slope on the left side. The surface can
be modified and rebuilt once it is wider, or the cross section can be extended by editing the elevation offset in
the Existing Ground Section Editor.
10 Click OK to return to the Section Processing Status dialog box.

This concludes the cross section design lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about viewing and editing cross
sections.
LESSON 29: Viewing and Editing Cross Sections
Use cross section viewing and editing features to apply a bridge template to an existing roadway alignment that
crosses a highway.
Specifying the Template Storage Path
3 Enter Tutorial for the Path, and then click OK.
Applying a Different Template Across a Station Range
Select the current alignment to use for applying a different template.
2 From the Selection list, select A1e, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to apply design control parameters for the bridge deck template.
Range dialog box.
4 Enter 249.6 for the Starting station and 314.95 for the Ending station, and then click OK to display the
6 Click (Template) Select to display the Template Librarian dialog box, from the Selection list, select
bridgedeck, and then click OK to return to the Template Control dialog box.

9 In both the Left and Right Design slopes sections, select the Match Slopes OFF check box, and then
click OK to return to the Design Control dialog box.
10 Click OK to display the Process Status dialog box and automatically process the cross sections, and then
click OK.
The cross sections for the bridge deck are processed.

Viewing Cross Sections
1 On the Cross Sections menu, click View/Edit Sections to display the first cross section in the station
range.
Cross sections are drawn on your screen with temporary vectors. You cannot use AutoCAD commands to zoom,
pan, or snap to points. Use the dedicated View/Edit Sections commands to view and edit cross sections.
Click here to see an illustration of the cross section at station 0+00.
2 Enter V for the View option to display the Template View Settings Editor dialog box.
3 In the Toggles section, select the Point codes and Grid text check boxes, and then clear the Top surface
and ROW check boxes.
4 In the Miscellaneous Values section, enter 2 for the Vertical factor, and then click OK.
5 Press ENTER to accept the default, Next, to advance to the next cross section.
Information for each cross section, including the current station, is displayed on the command line.
Click here to see an illustration of the cross section at station 0+22.16.
6 Enter P for the Previous option to return to the previous cross section.
7 Enter Z for the Zoom option, and then press ENTER to accept the default, In, to zoom in on the cross
section.
Next, use the Window option to view the right side of the template.
8 Enter W for the Window option, and then select the first and second points to specify the lower-left and
upper-right limits of the zoom window.
Click here to see an illustration of the cross section window view.
9 Enter A for the All option to view the entire cross section and automatically exit the Zoom option.
Next, take a look at the actual design parameters for the slopes, ditches, catch points, and volumes applied to
the cross section at this particular station.
10 Enter A for the Actual option to view the Actual Control Parameters dialog box.
11 When you have finished reviewing the actual control parameters, click OK.
Editing Cross Sections
Edit a cross section by applying a different template at station 0+60 where the alignment intersects an off ramp.
1 Enter S for the Station option, and then enter 60 to advance to that cross section.
2 Enter E for the Edit option, and then enter C for the Control option and to display the Control Editor
dialog box.
4 Click (Template) Select to display the Template Librarian dialog box, from the Selection list, select
nocurb, and then click OK to return to the Template Control dialog box.
5 Click OK to return to the Control Editor dialog box.

6 Click Slopes to display the Slope Control dialog box, and then in the Left Design slopes section, enter 0
for the Typical fill type condition.
7 Click OK to return to the Control Editor dialog box, and then click OK to continue.
The left slope of the template is now perpendicular to the ground.

Click here to see an illustration of the edited cross section at station 0+60.
Use the following steps to edit the cross section at station 3+75 by changing the slope to match the existing
ground more smoothly.
8 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Edit option.
9 Enter S for the Station option, and then enter 375 to advance to that cross section.
10 Enter Z for the Zoom option, and then press ENTER twice to accept the default, In, to zoom in on the
cross section.
11 Enter X to for the Exit option to exit from the Zoom option.
12 Enter E for the Edit option, enter D for the Ditch option, and then enter M for the Match slope option.
13 Select a point at the upper-left corner of the template (control point 2) for the First Match Slope Point,
and then select a point where the existing ground crosses the 16 meter offset grid line for the Second Match
Slope Point.
The resulting slope value is displayed on the command line. Next, specify a new slope value.
14 Enter 4.2 for the Slope value, and then press ENTER.
The slope is adjusted only on this cross section.

Click here to see an illustration of the edited cross section at station 3+75.
15 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Ditch option.
16 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Edit option.
17 Enter X for the Exit option to end the command.
This concludes the cross section viewing and editing lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about calculating
cross section volumes.
LESSON 30: Calculating Volumes for Cross Sections
Calculate cut and fill volumes for alignment cross sections. Modify the vertical alignment to optimize the
balance of cut and fill, and then calculate template and subsurface volumes separately.
Workspaces toolbar is not displayed, click Projects Workspaces..
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Working with Volumes
Calculating Cut and Fill Volumes
Select the A2e alignment and calculate cut and fill volumes.
2 From the Selection list, select A2e, and then click OK.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Total Volume Output To Screen.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default, Avgendarea, to specify average end area as the volume computation
type.
5 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to use curve correction, and then enter No to decline the use
volume adjustment factors.
The cut and fill volumes are displayed in the AutoCAD text window.
7 Press any key to page through the volumes results.
There is an excess of cut. While much of this cut can be used as fill in the highway interchange ramps, the
current values are excessive.
Balancing the Volume

To achieve more balanced volumes, adjust the vertical alignment by specifying a higher elevation for the third
PVI in the vertical alignment.
1 On the Profiles menu, click Edit Vertical Alignments.

2 If the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box is displayed, click the Finished Ground tab, select the
Center offset, and then click OK to display the Vertical Alignment Editor.
Note If the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box is not displayed before the Vertical Alignment Editor is
displayed, select the Finished Ground tab in the Vertical Alignment Editor, and select the Center offset. The
display of the Select Vertical Alignment to Edit dialog box is controlled by a setting in the Vertical Alignment
Editor Options dialog box.
Use the following step to change the grade percentage value for the second tangent to change the elevation of
third PVI.
3 Double-click in the second row of the Grade Out column (-1.800) and enter -1.6 for the new Grade Out
value and press ENTER.
The new elevation for the third PVI is now 234.74 m, higher than its previous value of 233.77 m.
4 Click the Save Vertical Alignment to Database button, and then click Close.
Use the following steps to process the cross sections with the adjusted vertical alignment.
5 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Process Sections to display the Enter Station Range
dialog box.
6 Accept the default Start and End station values by clicking OK.
7 As the Section Processing Status dialog box is displayed, click OK.
8 Click OK to close the Process Status dialog box.
Use the following steps to calculate cross section volumes with the adjusted vertical alignment.
9 On the Cross Sections menu, click Total Volume Output To Screen.

type.
The cut and fill volumes are displayed in the AutoCAD text window.
13 Press any key to page through the volumes results.
As expected, by raising the profile of the road there is more fill generated and the result is closer to achieving
an overall balance. You could repeat this process of adjusting the vertical alignment and reprocessing the cross
sections until the optimal balance of cut and fill volumes is achieved. In this case, excess cut could be
compensated for by flattening the fill slopes.
Generating Volumes for Multiple Surfaces
Up to this point in the lesson, earth and rock quantities have been added together in the cut and fill report.
Calculate cross section volumes for the template surface and subsurface separately for a more detailed
breakdown.
First, calculate volumes for the template surface.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surface Volume Output Template Surface.
type.
4 Enter TMPL_VOL.prn for the Output file name.
The default location for this file is \Land Projects 2006\Tutorial3, unless you specify a different storage path.
The template surface volumes file is generated.

Next, calculate volumes for the subsurface.
6 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surface Volume Output Subsurface.

type.
9 Enter SUBS_VOL.prn for the Output file name.
10 Press ENTER to accept the default Starting station value, and then press ENTER to accept the default
The subsurface volumes file is generated.

Take a look at the two volumes files you just generated in your ASCII text editor.
11 Open WindowsÒ Explorer and navigate to the \Land Projects 2006\Tutorial3 folder, and then open the
TMPL_VOL.prn file in Notepad to review it.
12 When you have finished reviewing the data in this file, close it.
13 Open the SUBS_VOL.prn file.
14 When you have finished reviewing the data in this file, close it.
This concludes the cross section volume lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about superelevating roadways.
LESSON 31: Superelevating Roadways
Define superelevation regions on a template, and then specify superelevation parameters for its associated
alignment. View the results of the superelevation calculations on the associated profile and cross section.
Specifying the Template Storage Path for Superelevation Templates
Defining Superelevation Regions on a Template
Insert the template into the drawing and specify superelevation regions.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Edit Template to display the Template Librarian dialog
box.
3 From the list, select t2c, click OK, and then specify a point near the middle of the screen for the
Insertion point of the template.
4 Enter SR for the Surface connection option, and then enter S
for the Superelevation option.
5 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left edge of pavement for the Outer left superelevation point.
6 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the roadway crown for the Inner superelevation reference point.
7 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left edge of shoulder for the Outer rollover point.
When working with templates that have no shoulder, for example, an urban template with curb and sidewalk,
shoulder rollover is of no concern. You can press ENTER at the Outer rollover point prompt to avoid defining
this region in those cases.
8 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the right edge of pavement for the Outer right superelevation point.
9 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the roadway crown for the Inner superelevation reference point.
10 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the right edge of shoulder for the Outer rollover point.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to finish defining superelevation parameters.
Use the following steps to verify that you have successfully applied superelevation regions to the template.
12 Enter D for the Display option, and then enter S for the superelevation option.
The dashed vertical lines drawn with temporary vectors represent the boundaries of the superelevation regions.
Click here to see an illustration of superelevation region boundary lines.
13 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Display option.
14 Enter SA for the Save option, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to save the template.
15 Press ENTER to accept the default, t2c, for the Template name.
16 Enter Yes to overwrite the template, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to end the edit
template command.
The superelevation regions for the template have now been defined.
Applying Superelevation Parameters to an Alignment
Select the A2f alignment, which has the T2c template and design parameters already assigned to it, and then
specify the superelevation parameters.
3 From the Selection list, select A2f, and then click OK.
4 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Set Current Surface. From the list of surfaces, select og and
then click OK.
5 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Superelevation Parameters to display the
Superelevation Control dialog box.
6 Select the Superelevation calculations check box, and then click Edit Data to display the Superelevation
Curve Edit dialog box.
7 In the Curve Edit Information section, from the Method list, select A, and then enter 0.048 for the E
value.
The E value of 0.048 is equivalent to a maximum superelevation of 4.8%.
8 Select the Rollover check box, and then enter 0.04 for the Rollover value.
9 In the Transition In section, enter 100 m for the Runout, 106.58 m for the Runoff, and then verify that
the % Runoff is 100%.
10 In the Transition Out section, enter 100 m for the Runout, 106.58 m for the Runoff, and then verify that
the % Runoff is 100%.
If speed tables are used to create the geometry for horizontal curves, then the runoff parameters are
automatically assigned on a per curve basis. Maximum superelevation values, start and end stations for the
superelevation, runoff, and % runoff are automatically entered in the Superelevation Control dialog box.
However, the superelevation method and shoulder rollover values still need to be entered.
11 Click Subgrades to display the Superelevation Subgrade Settings dialog box.

12 From the Subgrade Superelevation Method list, select Fixed Break, and then click OK to return to the
Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box.
Since the template that is used for this alignment has a subgrade component, different superelevation behaviors
for the subgrade may be specified. This setting has no affect on cross sections for templates that do not have
subgrade components.
13 Click Info to display the Superelevation Curve Information dialog box.
14 When you have finished reviewing the superelevation curve information, click OK to return to the
15 Click Next to display the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box for the next curve along the alignment.
View the superelevation curve parameters that have been already set for the second curve.
16 Click OK to return to the Superelevation Control dialog box, and then click OK.
17 As the Save Status dialog box is displayed, click Yes to save the superelevation parameters.
The Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box is displayed. In the next task, you'll use this dialog box to
sample critical superelevation locations.
Sampling Critical Superelevation Locations
You can use the Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box to sample critical superelevation locations. The
additional sections that will be sampled are listed in the Sections to Add list.
1 Select the Sample These Stations check box.

2 Under Surface Sampling, specify 40 m for the Width Left and 15 m for the Width Right.
3 Select the Use Multiple Surfaces check box.
4 Click Select to display the Multiple Surface Selection dialog box, and verify that both Rock and og are
listed in the Current list.
If they are not listed in the Current list, hold down the CTRL key and click Rock and og in the Select From list.
5 Click OK to return to the Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box.

6 Click OK to display the Process Status dialog box. The Section Processing Status dialog box is
displayed.
7 Click OK to redisplay the Process Status dialog box, and then click OK to end the command.
The superelevation parameters for the template and alignment have now been defined.
Viewing and Editing Superelevation Cross Sections
Take a look at the superelevated roadway by stepping through cross sections.
1 On the Cross Sections menu, click View/Edit Sections to display the first cross section.
2 Press ENTER to accept the default, Next, until you reach station 157+20.
The roadway begins to exhibit superelevation at approximately station 157+20.

Click here to see an illustration of the cross section at station 157+20.
3 Press ENTER to accept the default, Next, until you reach station 158+85.21.
The roadway reaches its maximum superelevation at station 158+85.21.

You have the option of modifying superelevation parameters on a per cross section basis. Next, specify a new
rollover value and a different subgrade superelevation method for this cross section.
4 Enter E for the Edit option, and then enter C for the Control option to display the Control Editor dialog
box.
5 Click Template Control to display the Template Control dialog box, and then in the Superelevation
Rollover section, enter 0 (zero) for the Rollover value.
6 In the Subgrade Superelevation section, from the Subgrade Superelevation Method list, select Parallel.
7 Click OK to return to the Control Editor dialog box, and then click OK to continue.
The upper shoulder and subgrade surface are now parallel to the asphalt surface.
Click here to see an illustration of the cross section with parallel subgrade surfaces.
8 Enter U for the Undo option to return the cross section to its original appearance.
9 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Control option.
10 Enter X for the Exit option to exit the command.
Viewing Superelevated Edges of Pavement on the Profile
You can view any type of superelevation or transition modifications to cross sections on profiles as well as
plans. Import the left edge of pavement superelevation profile to the existing profile in the drawing.
1 On the View menu, click Named Views to display the View dialog box, under Name, select 3, click Set
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Ditch/Transition Import Profile.
3 Enter L to draw the Left profile, enter S for the Superelevation option, and then enter L8 for the Profile
layer to use.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default value for the Beginning station, and then type 17620 for the Ending
station.
5 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to delete the finished groud profile layer.
The left edge of pavement superelevation profile is imported into the drawing.
The left edge of pavement profile is initially below the centerline profile, and then crosses over the centerline
profile as the left edge of pavement superelevates.
This concludes the roadway superelevation lesson. In the next lesson, you'll learn about transitioning
roadways.
LANGKAH-LANGKAH YG HARUS DIPERHATIKAN !
CATATAN
SAAT AKAN MEMBUKA FILE YANG AKAN DIKERJAKAN  HARUS SET ALIGMENT DULU….
 PROFIL  SURFACE …….(PENTING)
 SAAT AKAN RUN SEMUA PERINTAH di LD  LAYER HARUS BERBEDA  LAYER

MASING2
1. Set Drawing Units :

 Skala horizontal : 1000
 Skala vertikal : 100
Langkah tambahan; menu land desktop complete

input point : point  point settings  terlebih dahulu
points  inputs / export points  input points  atur menu comma delimited
 input garis AS dengan garis polyline  copy koordinat as long  cad  polyline  paste

2. Buat terrain model explorer  surface eksisting, gambar kontur

 terrain  terrain model explorer  create new surface  open  point group (klik kanan)  add point
group 
 point  point management  point group manager  include all point 

 terrain  terrain model explorer  klik surface tadi (klik kanan)  build (run)
Catatan penting;
Bila ada parit  input kan dulu contur parit ( countour Bantu ) definisikan countur parit sebagai contur
asli dengan mengunakan garis 3d polyline ( garis polyline ada koordinat x,y,z )..
3d polyline  copy kan koordinat parit dari excel ..koordinat x,y,z  paste
 terrain  countour style manager  atur sesuai keinginan

 terrain  create countour  atur sesuai keinginan  oke deh
3. Gambar as rencana, desain lengkung horizontal ( gunakan speed table AASHTO M06 )
4. Definisikan as rencana sebagai alinement
 setel Alignments – Station Label Settings :
sta label increment : 50
tick label increment : 50
sta label offset : disesuaikan dgn kertas dan skala
5. Masuk Civil Design Workspaces

6. Buat profil memanjang  eksisting
 Profiles  Profile Setting  Value :
Tangent Labels : 25
Vertical grid line : 25
Vertical curve label : 25
Label Precision values  Existing : 3 -- Finish : 3
 Profiles  Profile setting  sampling
7. Profiles  Existing ground  sample from surface

Kalau ada melakukan perubahan melalui : Profiles  Edit vertical alignments  JANGAN DI RUN
LAGI : Profiles  Existing ground  sample from surface
Karena hasil edit melalui Edit vertical alignments AKAN HILANG
8. Profiles  create profile  full profile :

Vertikal scale : 100
Import grid
Horizontal spacing : 750
Vertikal Spacing : 1
Grid height : otomatis – biarkan saja
Kalau ada melakukan perubahan melalui : Profiles  Edit vertical alignments  JANGAN DI RUN
LAGI : Profiles  Existing ground  sample from surface
Karena hasil edit melalui Edit vertical alignments AKAN HILANG
9. Edit vertical alignments

Setelah melakukan Edit vertical alignments  maka harus di :
 Profiles  create profile  undefine profile
 Kemudian : Profiles  create profile  full profile (nggak apa2 didelete)
10. Buat profil memanjang  Desain / Finish :

 Profiles  FG centreline tangents  set current layer
 Buat garis permukaan desain/finish
 Buat lengkung vertikal : Profiles  FG vertical curves  K values : 20 (coba pakai nilai ini)
 Edit lengkung vertikal yg telah dibuat :
Profiles  Edit vertical alignments  Finished ground  center :
Design Speed : 60
Hidupkan Calculator  speed table : US AASHTO 2001 metric
Pilih lengkung vertikal yg akan diperbaiki, kemudian pilih save all vertical alignments to
database
Periksa kembali lengkung vertikal
11. Gambar dan definisikan template untuk cross section :

 Stel skala di project  drawing setup : V = 100 ; H = 100 (JANGAN TERLEWATKAN
:PENTING)
 Sebelun gambar template harus ---Cross Section -Existing Ground Sample From
Surface.
 Template harus digambar dgn garis polyline
 Template cukup digambar sebagian saja untuk yg sama bagian kiri-kanan nya
 Garis connection point out harus merupakan polyline tertutup
 Definisikan template : Cross section  template  define template :
Pick finish ground refference point : pada titik yg kita rencanakan sebagai titik as desain
Is template symmetrical : bila ya jawab yes, jika tidak no (lihat template yg direncana apa
simetris kiri kanan)
Select objects : pilih semua yg akan dibuat jadi template
Surface type (normal/subgrade) <normal> : biarkan saja ! (lihat pd gambar bagian apa yg garis
putus2), contoh : aspal, tekan enter, muncul Surface Material Names (pilih atau buat sesuai dg
yg garis putus2 tadi).
Begitu terus selanjutnya sampai semua object template didefinisikan semua.
Pick connection point out : pilih titik terluar dari template yg kita rencanakan sebagai Garis
connection point out
Datum number <1> : biarkan saja, tekan enter
Pick datum points <left to right) : pilih titik2 ujung pada bagian bawah pd gbr template, mulai
dari ujung kiri s/d ujung kanan (gunakan endpoint object snap)
Muncul box Subassembly Attachments : enter saja !
Save Template : yes
Template name : kasih nama, misal tpl 01
Define another template : jawab sesuai kebutuhan
12. Viewing Template Connection Points and Point Codes

 Cross section  template  Edit Template : pilih template yg mana
 Specify an insertion point for the template in the center of the viewing area, enter D for the
Display option, and then enter C for the Connection points option
 Enter R for the Redraw option, and then enter P for the Points option.
 In order to identify additional critical points on the template, add point codes to the edge of
pavement and bottom of the subgrade surface on both sides, Lanjut ke Adding Point Codes to
the Template
13. Adding Point Codes to the Template

2 Enter E for the Edit surface option, enter P for the Points option, and then enter A for the Add
points option.
Use the following steps to select both edge of pavement points and create a new point code for them.
3 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-left end of the asphalt surface.
4 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, confirm that client_a.pcd is the current
point code table name.
5 In the Point Codes section, click New to display the New Point Code dialog box.
6 Enter 25 for the Point code and EOP for the Description.
8 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the upper-right end of the asphalt surface.
9 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, from the Point Codes list, select 25
EOP, and then click OK.
Use the following steps to select both bottom-of-subgrade points and create a new point code for
them.
10 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-left end of the subgrade surface.
11 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, from the Point Codes section, click
New to display the New Point Code dialog box.
12 Enter 26 for the Point code and BOS for the Description.
14 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the lower-right end of the subgrade surface.
15 As the Template Points Codes dialog box is displayed, in the point codes list, select 26 BOS,
and then click OK.
Add a top surface to the template for the purpose of creating a future 3D model of the finished
roadway. Lanjut ke Adding a Top Surface to the Template
Catatan tambahan :
Cross sectiontemplate edit template

Pilih template ..klik dimana aja…..muncul template
Pilih display…untuk mengecek
Redraw  untuk menghilangkan garis putus-putus
Jika selesai di cek enter SR Superklik outer leftinnerOut rollover leftouter righht
innerOut Rollover Right.
Lalu  top surface -klik dr kiri ke kanan
14. Adding a Top Surface to the Template

1 Press ENTER to continue, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the edit
point codes menu.
2 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to return to the main edit template menu.
3 Enter SR for the Surface connection option and enter T for the Top surface option.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default, 1, for the Top surface number.
5 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left end of the buffer slope surface.
6 Use Endpoint Osnaps to trace the top surface of the template, finishing up at the right end
of the buffer slope surface.
7 Press ENTER to end the selection of top surface points.
9 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the main Edit Template menu.
10 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, for saving the template.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, T1a, for the Template name.
12 Enter Yes when prompted to overwrite the existing template.
You now have an edited template with new point codes and a new top surface.
15. Defining Superelevation Regions on a Template

Insert the template into the drawing and specify superelevation regions.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Templates Edit Template to display the Template Librarian
dialog box.
3 From the list, select t2c, click OK, and then specify a point near the middle of the screen for
the Insertion point of the template.
4 Enter SR for the Surface connection option, and then enter S
for the Superelevation option.
5 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left edge of pavement for the Outer left superelevation
point.
6 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the roadway crown for the Inner superelevation reference
point.
7 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the left edge of shoulder for the Outer rollover point.
When working with templates that have no shoulder, for example, an urban template with curb
and sidewalk, shoulder rollover is of no concern. You can press ENTER at the Outer rollover
point prompt to avoid defining this region in those cases.
8 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the right edge of pavement for the Outer right
superelevation point.
9 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the roadway crown for the Inner superelevation reference
point.
10 Use an Endpoint Osnap to select the right edge of shoulder for the Outer rollover point.
11 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to finish defining superelevation parameters.
Use the following steps to verify that you have successfully applied superelevation regions to
the template.
12 Enter D for the Display option, and then enter S for the superelevation option.
The dashed vertical lines drawn with temporary vectors represent the boundaries of the
superelevation regions.
Click here to see an illustration of superelevation region boundary lines.
13 Press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to exit the Display option.
14 Enter SA for the Save option, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to save the
template.
15 Press ENTER to accept the default, t2c, for the Template name.
16 Enter Yes to overwrite the template, and then press ENTER to accept the default, Exit, to end
the edit template command.
The superelevation regions for the template have now been defined.
16. Assigning Design Parameters to Cross Sections

Applying Minimum Design Control to an Alignment
1 On the Alignments menu, click Set Current Alignment, and then press ENTER to display the
Alignment Librarian dialog box.
Use design control to select the urban template and assign slope parameters.
3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Edit Design Control to display the Enter
Station Range dialog box.
4 Accept the Start and End station values by clicking OK.
5 As the Design Control dialog box is displayed, click Template Control to display the Template
Control dialog box.
6 Click (Template) Select to display the Template Librarian dialog box, select T1b, and then
click OK to return to the Template Control dialog box.

9 In both the Left and Right Design slopes sections, enter 2 for the Typical design slope value for
both Cut and Fill conditions, and then click OK to return the Design Control dialog box.
11 As the Section Process Status dialog box is displayed, click View Errors to display the Control
12 When you have finished reviewing the information in this dialog box, click OK to return to the
Section Process Status dialog box.
17. Defining Slopes for Surfaces

3 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Surface Slopes to display the Surface
Control Editor Status dialog box.
4 Click Yes to define surface control and display the New Surface Values dialog box.
5 Enter OG for the Surface name and 2 for the Slope, and then click OK to display the Surface
Control Editor dialog box.
6 Click New to display the New Surface Values dialog, enter Rock for the Surface name, 0.25
for the Slope, and 1 m for the Width.
7 Click OK to return to the Surface Control Editor dialog box, click Save, and then click OK to
continue.
18. Assigning Ditch Parameters to the Alignment

Assign ditch parameters to the alignment by specifying foreslope and depth values.
1 Click Ditches to display the Ditch Control dialog box.

2 In both the Left and Right sections, from the Type list, select Cut.
3 In both the Left and Right sections, select the Foreslope check box and enter 3 for the
Foreslope value.
4 In both the Left and Right sections, select the Depth check box, enter 1.5 m for the depth
value, and then select the Depth from hinge check box.
5 In both the Left and Right sections, enter 1 m for the Base width, and then click OK to return
to the Design Control dialog box.
19. Applying Superelevation Parameters to an Alignment

Select the A2f alignment, which has the T2c template and design parameters already assigned
to it, and then specify the superelevation parameters.
2 On the Alignments menu, click Set Current Alignment, and then press ENTER to display the
Alignment Librarian dialog box.
3 From the Selection list, select A2f, and then click OK.
4 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Set Current Surface. From the list of surfaces,
select og and then click OK.
5 On the Cross Sections menu, click Design Control Superelevation Parameters to display the
6 Select the Superelevation calculations check box, and then click Edit Data to display the
7 In the Curve Edit Information section, from the Method list, select A, and then enter 0.048 for
the E value.
The E value of 0.048 is equivalent to a maximum superelevation of 4.8%.
8 Select the Rollover check box, and then enter 0.04 for the Rollover value.
9 In the Transition In section, enter 100 m for the Runout, 106.58 m for the Runoff, and then
verify that the % Runoff is 100%.
10 In the Transition Out section, enter 100 m for the Runout, 106.58 m for the Runoff, and then
verify that the % Runoff is 100%.
If speed tables are used to create the geometry for horizontal curves, then the runoff parameters
are automatically assigned on a per curve basis. Maximum superelevation values, start and end
stations for the superelevation, runoff, and % runoff are automatically entered in the
Superelevation Control dialog box. However, the superelevation method and shoulder rollover
values still need to be entered.
11 Click Subgrades to display the Superelevation Subgrade Settings dialog box.

12 From the Subgrade Superelevation Method list, select Fixed Break, and then click OK to
return to the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box.
Since the template that is used for this alignment has a subgrade component, different
superelevation behaviors for the subgrade may be specified. This setting has no affect on cross
sections for templates that do not have subgrade components.
13 Click Info to display the Superelevation Curve Information dialog box.

14 When you have finished reviewing the superelevation curve information, click OK to return to
the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box.
15 Click Next to display the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box for the next curve along the
alignment.
View the superelevation curve parameters that have been already set for the second curve.
16 Click OK to return to the Superelevation Control dialog box, and then click OK.
17 As the Save Status dialog box is displayed, click Yes to save the superelevation parameters.
The Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box is displayed. In the next task, you'll use this
dialog box to sample critical superelevation locations.
20. Sampling Critical Superelevation Locations
You can use the Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box to sample critical superelevation
locations. The additional sections that will be sampled are listed in the Sections to Add list.
1 Select the Sample These Stations check box.

2 Under Surface Sampling, specify 40 m for the Width Left and 15 m for the Width Right.
21. Viewing Superelevated Edges of Pavement on the Profile

You can view any type of superelevation or transition modifications to cross sections on profiles
as well as plans. Import the left edge of pavement superelevation profile to the existing profile
in the drawing.
1 On the View menu, click Named Views to display the View dialog box, under Name, select 3,
click Set Current, and then click OK.
2 On the Cross Sections menu, click Ditch/Transition Import Profile.
3 Enter L to draw the Left profile, enter S for the Superelevation option, and then enter L8 for
the Profile layer to use.
4 Press ENTER to accept the default value for the Beginning station, and then type 17620 for the
Ending station.
5 Press ENTER to accept the default, Yes, to delete the finished groud profile layer.
The left edge of pavement superelevation profile is imported into the drawing.
The left edge of pavement profile is initially below the centerline profile, and then crosses over
the centerline profile as the left edge of pavement superelevates.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Catatanpenting
Untuk run cross output……..

cross section  section plot single
cross section  section plot  page
cross section  section plot  all

Superelevation parameters
Cross section  design control  super elevation parameters  edit 
Catatan
Jika kita menggunakan speed table angka e value pada superelevation parameters akan ada dalam format a.b
………..harus kita edit dan di ubah…………..sesuai dengan yang kita inginkan …..sesuai dengan table
aashto……………
 yang perlu di ubah jika menggunakan speed table adalah sbb”
 angka E value
 transition in dan out…….sesuai dengan formula saat kita mengubah angka E value dengan table
aashto………contreng rollover jika ingin bahu jalan tidak ikut bergerak …….
 methode dipakai metode A
 untuk melihat dan mengedit template setelah di run ……….. cross section  view/edit sections
Superelevating Compound Curves
In order to superelevate compound curves, the end station of curve 1 must be the same as the start station of
curve 2. When these stations match, all Transition Out data for curve 1 is ignored and the runout for the
Transition In for curve 2 is ignored. The Transition In data for curve 2 controls the superelevation transition
from curve 1 to curve 2.
To superelevate compound curves
1. From the Cross Sections menu, choose Design Control Superelevation Parameters to display the
2. Select the Superelevation calculations check box to superelevate the cross sections.
3. Click the Edit Data button to display the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box for curve 1.
4. In the Curve Edit Information section of the dialog box, edit the superelevation data for curve 1, making
sure the end station is equal to the start station for curve 2.
NOTE When the end station of curve 1 equals the start station of curve 2 and the curve directions are
opposite, a compound curve is present. The station indicates where the compound curve ends.
For more information, see Editing, Inserting, or Deleting a Superelevated Curve.
5. Under Transition In, enter values for Runout, Runoff, and % runoff for curve 1. For more information,
see Changing the Superelevation Settings.
6. Under Transition Out, enter 0 for the Runout, Runoff, and % runoff for curve 1.
NOTE Autodesk Civil Design ignores all Transition Out data for curve 1. Therefore, it is better to set
these values at 0 for the sake of clarity.
7. Click the Next button to display the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box for curve 2.
8. In the Curve Information section, edit the superelevation data for curve 2, making sure the end station is
equal to the start station for curve 1.
NOTE When the end station of curve 2 equals the start station of curve 1 and the curve directions are
opposite, a compound curve is present. The station indicates where the compound curve ends.
9. Repeat Transition In by doing the following for curve 2:
 Set the Runout to 0.

 Set Runoff to the length of the compound curve, or an appropriate length to transition from full
superelevation of curve 1 to full superelevation of curve 2.
 Set % Runoff to 100.
10. Under Transition Out, you can enter values for Runout, Runoff, and % runoff for curve 2.
11. Click OK to exit the Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box.
12. Click OK to exit the Superelevation Control dialog box.
The Save Status dialog box is displayed.
13. Click YES to apply superelevation parameters to all existing cross sections.
The Superelevation Section Sampling dialog box is displayed.
14. Do one of the following:
 If you do not want to sample additional cross sections, click NO to exit the Superelevation Section
Sampling dialog box, and then click OK to exit the Superelevation Control dialog box.
 If you want to sample additional cross sections, see Adding Sampled Cross Sections at Key
Superelevation Stations.
NOTE If there are errors, the Section Processing Status dialog box is displayed. Click OK to view a status
report.
For more information on how to superelevate compound curves that are separated by tangents or spirals, see
Example of Superelevating Compound Curves Separated by Tangents or Spirals.
The Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box shows the superelevation data entered for curve 1.
The Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box shows the superelevation data entered for curve 2.
Example of Superelevating Compound Curves
Separated by Tangents or Spirals
If you are working with compound curves where the point of tangency (PT) of curve 1 is not the same station as
the point of curvature (PC) of curve 2, superelevation cannot be applied correctly in the transition between
curve 1 and curve 2. Examples in which this may occur is when a tangent or spiral separates curve 1 from
curve 2.
In these situations, you can modify the End Station of curve 1 and the Start Station of curve 2 to match so that
the superelevation is being applied correctly. If you modify the Start or End Stations of the curve data in the
Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box, it does not affect the horizontal geometry of the alignment definition.
The data in the dialog box is for superelevation purposes only.
The following example depicts a compound curve separated by a 40m tangent. The PT of curve 1 is 20+00 and
the PC of curve 2 is 20+40. The End Station of curve 1 and the Start Station of curve 2 have been changed to
2020, which forces Autodesk Civil Design to treat the curve-tangent-curve as a compound curve with the 0%
cross slope applied at 20+20.
The Superelevation Curve Edit dialog box shows the data for curve 1 and curve 2, respectively.
For information on superelevating complex compound curves, see Example of Superelevating Complex
Compound Curves.
Example of Superelevating Complex Compound
Curves
In complex compound curves, there is a combination of alignment entities between curve 1 and curve 2. This
situation may occur during the design of complex highway exit ramps where curve 1 and curve 2 are separated
by a spiral-tangent-spiral.
You can superelevate a complex compound curve by modifying the End Station of curve 1 and the Start Station
of curve 2 to match a common station within the spiral-tangent-spiral.
For information on superelevating compound curves, see Superelevating Compound Curves

Superelevation Methods
There are five superelevation methods supported by Autodesk Civil Design.
To display the superelevation methods
1. From the Cross Sections menu, choose Design Control Superelevation Parameters to display the
2. Click Methods to display the Superelevation Methods dialog box.
All of the superelevation method names and brief descriptions of each are listed.
3. Click OK to return to the Superelevation Control dialog box.
The following superelevation methods are designated by letters rather than formal names:
 Superelevation Method A: This superelevation method revolves a crowned pavement section about the
centerline. Both edges of pavement change elevation to attain proper superelevation. The following
illustration shows superelevation method A:
 Superelevation Method B: This superelevation method holds the inside edge of pavement of a crowned
pavement section and forces the outside edge of pavement up. The following illustration shows
superelevation method B:
 Superelevation Method C: This superelevation method holds the outside edge of pavement of a
crowned pavement section and forces the inside edge of pavement down. The following illustration
shows superelevation method C:
 Superelevation Method D: This superelevation method holds the outside edge of a section of non-
crowned pavement with a straight cross slope and forces the inside edge of pavement down. The
following illustration shows superelevation method D:
 Superelevation Method E: This superelevation method holds the inside edge of a section of a non-
crowned pavement with a straight cross slope and forces the outside edge of pavement up. The
following illustration shows superelevation method E:

LESSON 20: Creating Alignment Stationing and Offsets

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LESSON 20: Creating Alignment Stationing and Offsets

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LESSON 20: Creating Alignment Stationing and Offsets

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Changing Station Settings

You now have a new station label style.

Generating Alignment Stationing

The station labels are automatically generated.

You now have a new station point label style.

9 On the Alignments menu, click Create Station Labels.

11 Zoom in on the alignment to view the station point labels.

Click here to see an illustration of the station point labels.

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Sampling a Single Surface for an Existing Ground Profile

Sampling Multiple Surfaces and Offsets for an Existing Ground Profile

12 On the Profiles menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces.

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Changing Existing Ground Profile Settings

Creating the First Existing Ground Profile

Click here to see an illustration of the first existing ground profile.

Creating the Second Existing Ground Profile

Adding a Subsurface Profile to an Existing Profile

Click here to see an illustration of the second existing ground profile.

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Specifying the Finished Ground Objects Layer

Changing Finished Ground Profile Settings

Drawing Finished Ground Tangents

4 On the Profiles menu, click FG Centerline Tangents Set Current Layer.

Use the following steps to draw finished ground tangents.

5 On the Profiles menu, click FG Centerline Tangents Create Tangents.

Drawing Finished Ground Vertical Curves

Defining Finished Ground

1 On the Profiles menu, click FG Vertical Alignments Define FG Centerline.

The A1c-PFGC layer is automatically isolated.

Generating Finished Ground Labels

1 On the Profiles menu, click FG Vertical Alignments Import.

Working with the Vertical Alignment Editor

1 On the Profiles menu, click Edit Vertical Alignments.

6 Place your cursor in the row for PVI 3.

9 Double-click on the recommended length for Headlight Sight Distance, 82.80.

13 Click to save the changes to the project database.

Notice that the asterisk next to the Center offset disappears.

14 Click Close to close the Vertical Alignment Editor.

The updated vertical alignment is displayed.

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Sampling a Single Surface for Cross Sections

Sampling Multiple Surfaces for Cross Sections

15 On the Cross Sections menu, click Surfaces Toggle Multiple Surfaces.

To work through this lesson follow these steps

Template Drawing Conventions

Specifying the Template Storage Path for Drawing Templates

Drawing the Top Surface

Specify an area on your screen to draw the template.

7 Press ENTER twice.

Drawing the Curb

Draw the curb component of the template.

"Grade" is the current option displayed at the command line.

Click here to see an illustration of the curb.

Drawing the Granular Base Surface

Draw the granular base surface component of the template.

Click here to see an illustration of the granular base surface.

Drawing the Grass Buffer Slope Surface

Draw the grass buffer slope surface component of the template.

Click here to see an illustration of the grass buffer slope surface.