Building a Simulation case

Building Simulation Model

Create new project

1. Start a New Project.

2. Select Project > Project settings. On the Units and coordinates tab under Settings for ‘New
Project’, make sure that the unit system is Metric.

Importing data
1. Go to the Input tab on Explorer window > Insert and new folder.

2. Rename the folder as Surfaces > Right-click on Surfaces folder to reach the drop-down
menu and select Import (on selection).

3. Select all Tops and import as CP-3 grid (Geoframe) ASCII, as shown below.
TOPS1.grd, TOPS2.grd, TOPS3.grd, TOPS4.grd, TOPS5.grd

4. Click Open.

5. On the pop up Input Data dialog, change the XY and Z conversion from ft m, then click
OK For All.

6. Right click on Surfaces folder to reach the drop-down menu and select Sort by Z-values.

7. On Input tab, Insert two new folders and name them as Porosity and Permeability.

8. Import all the Porosity and Permeability data (individually) in a similar way as we have just
imported for Surfaces. i.e., import as CPS-3 grid (Geoframe) ASCII.

9. On the pop up Input Data dialog, change the Template to Porosity for Porosity and
Permeability for Permeability. Also change the XY conversion unit to from ft m, then
click OK For All.

10. Insert a new folder in the Input tab and name it as Faults.

11. Right-click on Fault folder to reach the drop-down menu and select Import (on tree).

12. Select all Faults and import as Irap Classic Line (ASCII).
FAULT1, FAULT2, FAULT3, FAULT4

13. On the pop up Input Data dialog, change the line type to Fault sticks. Also change the
conversion unit to None, then click OK For All.

14. Right click on Fault folder to reach the drop-down menu and select Sort by names.

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The input tab should have the following data as shown below.

Structural Modeling – Define Model

1. Go to Structural Modeling on process window, and click on Define model.

2. On the pop up dialog, give it a name as My Model and click OK.

Structural Modeling – Fault Modeling

1. Click on Fault Modeling and check on FAULT1 from Input Tab to display the fault.

2. Change to pick mode , click on the fault line and then click on the Create Fault From
Fault Polygons icon to generate Key Pillars along the selected polygons. (Repeat Step
1 & 2 for all faults).

3. After generated Key Pillars for all faults, it should be show as below

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Structural Modeling - Pillar Gridding

1. Expand the Fault Model data tree on Explorer window- Model tab and select all Faults to
display them. Then proceed to Pillar Gridding, assign and define faults direction (I, J, K) by
using the icons on the right hand side.

2. Click on the fault line, and assign Fault 2 and 3 as J direction, Fault 1 as I
direction and Fault 4 as arbitrary A/ directions.

Create Boundary
1. Go to Explorer window, right click TOPS1 on Input tab, to reach the drop-down menu and
select create Boundary.
Note that the newly created boundary is listed on the bottom of the Input tab.
Check the new boundary to display it.

2. Right click Edge around TOPS1, at the drop-down menu, click Convert to Boundry on the
active Fault Model. The resulting boundary should look similar to figure below in 2D.

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Structural Modeling - Pillar Gridding

1. Double click on Pillar Gridding at Process window. On the pop up dialog, click on Setting
tab.

2. Set I increment: 50, J increment: 50 click Apply then OK. On the following pop up message,
click Yes.
3. Double click on Make Horizon. On the pop up window, click the Add Zone button to
add rows to the spreadsheet.

4. Add 5 rows (one for each zone), and then highlight TOPS1 on Input tab.

5. Click on Multiple drop in the table icon and then click on the first arrow under Input#1
column for importing the selected tops. Click Apply then OK.

6. Horizon for different Tops has been added on the data tree. Expand and click to display
each horizon.

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Two methods to do Property Modeling in Petrel

Geometrical Modeling
1. To add the properties information of the model. First click on Property Modeling in
Process Window.

2. Double click Geometrical Modeling.

3. Choose the method Constant or surface in segments and zones

4. Choose the property template – Porosity

5. Clear the check box same for all zones, and remain same for all segments.

6. Tick in each zone to enable drop in of a surface

7. Drop in the surfaces from the input tree. (If the input file is on right order, press the multi
drop button , and drop just the first one to get them all).

8. After finish, click Apply then Ok.

9. Repeat same steps for permeability.

3D display of Porosity, created through Geometrical

Modeling is shown in picture below.

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Petrophysical Modeling:
1. Click on Property Modeling in Process Window.

2. Double click Petrophysical Modeling. On the pop up dialog, click the Modeling
setting.

3. As for Zone 1, change the Property template to Permeability.

4. Click on Leave Zone Unchanged button on the Method for Zones/facies, select the drop
down list to Assign Values.

5. Under Settings, select the Surface and get PERMX1 from Input tab (Highlight the
PERMX1 before click on the Get button)

6. Repeat above steps for zone 2 to 4.

7. After finish, click Apply then Ok.

3D display of Permeability, created through

Petrophysical Modeling is shown in picture
below.

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Add Prediction Wells

Let’s add three oil prediction wells as follows.

1. Go to Insert > New well folder.

2. Right click on Wells folder on Input tab, and select New Well…

3. On the Create new well window, enter a well name as PROD1 and enter the x location
for PROD1 as 180475.5 and y as 1814497.5.

4. Enter the Top MD as 2800 and Bottom MD as 3010 for PROD1.

5. Similarly add PROD2 and PROD3 at the following

x, y locations and MDs.
PROD2: x = 180356, y= 1813625. Top MD = 2800,
Bottom MD = 2960
PROD3: x = 180986.5, y = 1813558.5. Tom MD =
2800, Bottom MD = 2920.

Well Completions
1. Under Well engineering, select Well completion
and design. This will automatically open a Well
section window.

2. Deselect any well that might be showing.

3. Select all three well to be appeared on the Well

section window.

4. Now we will complete all these three wells in last 3 layers. For that we will first
generate well tops to guide us for the exact completion depths.

5. Right click on Wells folder >

Settings…click on Report tab.

6. Select Horizon in active well top radio

button as shown in the picture.

7. Click Execute.

8. This will generate a well report and well

tops in your Input tab which we will use
for completion design.

9. Go back on the Well section window and bring back three oil producer wells.

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Building a Simulation case

10. On the Input tab, activate the well tops

to guide you the exact location(s) for
the perforations.

11. On right hand function tool bar, select

Add/edit a perforation and add the
perforations as shown in the picture.

Fluid Contacts
1. Under the Structural modeling, select
Make contacts.

2. Enter the GOC at -2900 and OWC at -2990 in the Make contacts with ‘My model/3D
grid’.

3. You will notice that under the Model tab a new entry of Fluid Contacts has just been
made.

4. It’s very easy in PETREL to make a 3D property. Let’s right click on the Contact sets
under Make contacts and click on the Operations.

5. Click on the Make 3D property option given at the bottom of the Settings for ‘Contact
set’ window.

6. Expand the properties and click on the newly created 3D contacts property.

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Fluid Model
In this exercise we will define the fluid model using correlations.

1. Click on the Make fluid model under the Simulation process.

2. Select the Light oil + gas as one of the available options, shown in the picture below.

3. Click on the Initial conditions tab and drop in the

contacts we defined earlier and then click OK.

4. This will add a Fluids folder in the Input tab will all
the associated information about the defined fluid.

5. Open the Function window and plot the necessary

curves as shown below.

Make rock and physics functions

The next option in the Simulation process in to define the rock and saturation functions.
1. Double click on the Make rock physics functions and select Sand as Rock type. Click Apply
and from Select function option drop down, select Rock Compaction Function and choose
Unconsolidated sandstone as shown below.

2. Here you have can chose

different correlation, but
for this exercise keep it to
default.

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Building a Simulation case

Following picture shows the 2D plots of Relative Permeability created using the default
correlations.

Make a development strategy

Next we will define a Prediction development strategy for our reservoir.

1. Open the Make a development strategy process located under Simulation in the process
pane.

2. Select a name for the strategy, and make sure you have selected the strategy type as
“Prediction depletion strategy” and a right simulator, in this case E100 as shown below.

3. Click on the Reporting frequency and change it to 3 months.

4. Edit the simulation end time by simply right clicking on clock icon and change it to 2008-01-
01 (i.e, for one year only).

5. Any information related to any of the options given under the right hand side pane can be
viewed by clicking ton the “question mark” sign.

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Define Simulation Case

Almost all the required information has been entered and now the model is ready for simulation
run. But before doing that, it is advisable to save it.

1. Double click on the last option of the Simulation process…Define simulation case.

2. On this window, drop the required information especially for Functions, and Strategies.

3. Under the Function tab, drop the Rel Perms as Sand. Black Oil as Contacts and Compaction
as Unconsolidated sandstone.

4. Similarly for Strategies, drop the recently created prediction strategy. At this point, the
strategy must show the start and end dates for the simulation run.

5. Keep the rest of the settings as default.

6. Click Apply and click on the Run.

7. This will execute the Simulation and you will see a dos prompt window showing the short
messages as the run progress.

8. The one year of simulation will not take more than few minutes to complete the run. Upon
the successful completion of the run, the results will be automatically loaded under the
Model pane > properties (for 3D) and Results (for 2D line plots).

Following are some of the simulated results.

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