Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Beat Beat Beat Latir, golpear, vencer Cost Cost Cost Costar Bet Bet Bet Apostar Cut Cut Cut Cortar Hit Hit Hit Pegar, golpear, chocar Hurt Hurt Hurt Herir, lastimar Let Let Let Dejar, permitir, alquilar Put Put Put Poner Set Set Set Poner, colocar, establecer Spread Spread Spread Extender, esparcir Shut Shut Shut Cerrar Wet Wet Wet Mojar, humedecer Read Read Read Leer
SECOND GROUP-FINAL “D” TO “T”
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Send Sent Sent Enviar, mandar Bend Bent Bent Doblar, inclinar Build Built Built Construir Lend Lent Lent Prestar Spend Spent Spent Gastar
THIRD GROUP-“I” TO “A” IN THE PAST
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Begin Began Begun Comenzar, iniciar Drink Drank Drunk Beber Ring Rang Rung Sonar, tocar Swim Swam Swum Nadar Sing Sang Sung Cantar Swing Swang Swung Mecerse, columpiarse Shrink Shrank Shrunk Escoger, contraer Sink Sank Sunk Hundirse, sumergirse Stink Stank Stunk Apestar, heder Sit Sat Sat Sentarse Forgive Forgave Forgiven Perdonar Give Gave Given Dar, regalar Forbid Forbad Forbidden Prohibir, vedar FOURTH GROUP-“I” TO “O” IN THE PAST Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Drive Drove Driven Manejar, conducir Ride Rode Ridden Cabalgar, montar Shine Shone Shone Brillar, resplandecer Win Won Won Ganar Write Wrote Written Escribir Rise Rose Risen Subir, ascender
FIFTH GROUP-“EA” TO “O”
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Break Broke broken Romper, quebrar Speak Spoke Spoken Hablar Steal Stole Stolen Rodar Swear Swore Sworn Jurar Wear Wore Worn Usar, llevar puesto
SIXTH GROUP-“E” TO “O”
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Forget Forgot Forgotten Olvidar Get Got Got Conseguir, obtener Tell Told Told Decir, contar, relatar Freeze Froze Frozen Helar, congelar
SEVENTH GROUP-“O” TO “E”
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Blow Blew Blown Soplar, resollar Grow Grew Grown Crecer, cultivar Hold Held Held Sostener, detener Know Knew Known Saber, conocer Throw Threw Thrown Lanzar, arrojar, tirar
EIGHTH GROUP-LOSE ONE OF THE DOUBLE VOWEL
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Bleed Bled Bled Sangrar Choose Chose Chosen Escoger, elegir Feed Fed Fed Alimentar Meet Met Met Encontrar, conocer
NINTH GROUP-LOSE ONE VOWEL AND ADD “T”
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Feel Felt Felt Sentir Keep Kept Kept Guardar, conservar Sleep Slept Slept Dormir TENTH GROUP-PAST ENDING IN “OUGHT” Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Bring Brought Brought Traer Buy Bought Bought Comprar Catch Caught Caught Atrapar, coger Fight Fought Fought Pelear, luchar Teach Taught Taught Enseñar, instituir Think Thought Thought Pensar, creer
ELEVENTH GROUP-DIFFERENT CHANGES
Infinitive Past Tense Past participle Meaning Be Was/Were Been Ser, estar Bite Bit Bitten Morder Hide Hid Hidden Esconder, ocultar Can Could Was/Were able to Poder, ser capaz de Come Came Come Venir Do Did Done Hacer Make Made Made Hacer, fabricar Eat Ate Eaten Comer Fly Flew Flown Volar Mean Meant Meant Significar Draw Drew Drawn Dibujar Fall Fell Fallen Caer Find Found Found Encontrar Go Went Gone Ir Have/Has Had Had Tener, haber Hear Heard Heard Oír Lead Led Led Guiar, encabezar Leave Left Left Dejar, salir, partir Light Lit Lit Prender, encender Lose Lost Lost Perder Pay Paid Paid Pagar Say Said Said Decir Run Ran Run Correr See Saw Seen Ver Shake Shook Shaken Agitar, menear Take Tooke Taken Tomar, llevar Understand Understood Understood Entender, comprender Stand Stood Stood Erguirse, permanecer de pie Slide Slid Slid Resbalar, deslizar, azotar Strike Struck Stricken Golpear, pegar, chocar Bear Bore Borne Soportar, sobrellevar To be born Was/Were born Been born Nacer Become Became Become Llegar a ser, convertirse Dig Dug Dug Escavar Must Deber, tener que (obligación) Wake Woke Woke Despertar Wind Wound Wound Enredar, dar cuerda Cling Clung Clung Pegarse, adherirse Flee Fled Fled Huir Spin Spun Spun Hilar, girar, rodar Stick Stuck Stuck Pegarse, adherirse Hang Hung Hung Colgar Hang Hanged Hanged Ahorcar Learn Learnt Learnt Aprender Learn Learned Learned Aprender
Jacques Berlinerblau The Vow and The Popular Religious Groups of Ancient Israel A Philological and Sociological Inquiry JSOT Supplement Series 1996 PDF