Giản lược của 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ

A. Câu chủ động (chủ ngữ thường là người)

1, hai mệnh đề cùng chuỗi thời ( đơn, tiếp diễn)
- Bắt đầu bằng
● Although/Because/Since/as/when/if + clause

_ ( Not) V(ing) , clause

Ex: When she saw the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road.
=> seeing the dog coming towards her , she quickly crossed the road.
2, Một hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác trong quá khứ
_ Having+ P2, quá khứ đơn
Ex: We had spent nearly all our money so we couldn’t afford to stay at the hotel.
=> Having spent nearly all the money , we couldn’t afford to stay at the hotel.
B. Câu bị động ( chủ ngữ là vật)
1, hai hành động xảy ra cùng 1 chuỗi thời

_ P2(clause) , clause
Ex: The house was built of wood , so it was clearly a fire risk.
=> Built of wood , the house was clearly a fire risk.
2, 1 hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác

_ Having been + P2 , clause

Ex: Although it had been hunted close to extinction , the rhino is once again
common in this area.
=> Having been hunted close to extinction , the rhino is once again common in
this area.
Practice
1. If it is looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter.
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2. As i don’t have a credit card, i found is difficult to book an airline ticket over the
phone.
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3. Keith spent a lot of time fillling in job application forms because he was
unemployed.
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4. Because i was walking quickly, i soon caught up with her
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5. i was eager to catch the bus in good time because i had been told off the day
before arriving late

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6. She didn’t know where the wheather was , so she asked for directions at the
hotel reception.
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7. As she was a nurse , she knew what to do after the accident.
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8. He had spent his childhood in Olso so he knew the city well.
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9. The fruit was expensive because it was imported.
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10. As we didn’t want to offend him , we said nothing about his paintings.
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11. Although James is known mainly as a writer of novel , he has now written a
successful biography.
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