Transformers Power Transmission

Base Single Phase Three Phase

Quantity Capabilities
Power ( Sbase )3 Sbase 3  3 Vbase I base
Sbase 1  Vbase 1 Ibase 1 or ( Sbase )1  LL
VS , pu VR , pu SIL
3
PR  Sin
Voltage Sbase 1 Vbase 3 Sbase 3 Sin(  l )
Vbase 1  or Vbase 1  Vbase 
I base 1 3 LL
3 I base 2 l
l 
Current Sbase 1 Sbase 3 
I base 1  I base 3  kVL  ( Z c ) SIL
Vbase 1 3 Vbase LL
Impedance 2 2
Vbase 1 Vbase 1  Vbase LL 
Zbase 1   Zbase 1 
I base 1 Sbase 1 Sbase 3

Short T/L Medium T/L Long T/L Lossless T/L

Vs   A B  VR   YZ  VS  VRCos(  l )  jZC Sin(  l ) I R
 I   C D   I  A  D  1
YZ A  D  cosh( l )  Cosh( l )  1  
 s   R 2  2  j
A  D  1, C  0, B  Z  YZ  IS  Sin(  l )VR  Cos(  l ) I R
 YZ  B  Z C Sinh( l )  Sinh( l )  YZ 1   ZC
C  Y 1  
 4   6 
RG 0
VR 
VR , NL  VR , FL BZ C
1
Sinh( l )    ZY   
zy l
L
VR , FL
ZC
ZC  z  j L, y  jC
Z  R  j L Z C
Surge Impedance = Z C  2
At no – load I R  0 Y  G  jC
1 v
Y v ,  , 
LC f 
P3  3VL I Lcos Line Phase Constant =    LC
Shunt Reactor 2
( Sbase )new (Vbase )old
( Z p.u )new  ( Z p.u )old
 Z  ( Sbase )old (Vbase )new 2
VS  VR  Cos (  l )  C Sin(  l ) 
 X L , Sh 
  Series Capacitors
 1 
IS  IR  Sin(  l ) X L , Sh  Cos (  l )  VS , LL VR , LL SIL
 ZC  P3  Sin
X  X C , Ser
 kVLL 
2

Q Complex Power Flow Through Lines

X L , Sh
2
Sin(  l ) VS , LL VR , LL Cos ( B   )  A VR , LL Cos ( B   A )
X L , Sh  ZC PR 
1  Cos (  l ) B

Symmetrical Components
Va  1 1 1  Va 0 
V   1 a 2 
a  Va1 
 b 
Vc  1 a a 2  Va 2 

Va 0  1 1 1  Va 
V   1 1 a

a 2  Va 
 a1  3 
Va 2  1 a2 a  Va 
