① Is it one of the standard Integration Types Checklist: Hints for every type:

• First take any constants out of integral

forms? (must be a product to take out)
• Don’t forget to write +K after every
Exponentials Natural log (()) no indefinite integral (integral w/out limits)
yes !) ∫ $" %& = $" %
1)∫ &% = D@ |%| • You can always use a substitution for
# every type instead (works for all types of
0) ∫ ,
'#$)
&% = ,
% '#$)
2)∫
% %
&% = F) 4% + 5 ② Is it a fraction? 8(%) integrals). Let ; = 8(%)
' '#$) '
Powers: & • Differentiate answers to check if you’ve
"# !"# ,. .. ∫ ,1# &% ,. . ∫ &%
! ,#21 done the integration correctly
!) ∫ $% &% = , ) ≠ −!

no
ye
+8(#)
!$% 7) ∫ 8′(%),+(#) &% = ,+(#) 7) ∫ &% = F) |8(%)|

s
+(#)
,. .. / 0%& &%, / 0%(% + 3)(% − 0)&% # $ $, 9&
,. .. ∫ 3% , &% ,. . ∫
-#
&%, ∫ &%
% # $ 21 9& $, ③ Is it a ”harder trigonometry type”
3) ∫ 4# &% = 4#
! % ('#$))!"# 56 '
2)∫(4% + 5) &% = % Bring up and Power
' (!$%) C) ∫ 4.#$) &% = 4.#$)
& . 7! '
,. .. ∫ 6(0% − !) &% %
3) ∫ #" +# = ∫ #2! +# = 2!$% , * ≠ 3
##"$%
,. .. ∫ 4-#2, &%
!"#
yes
no
+ # % - , #
7) ∫ 8′(%)(8(%))! &% = 6) ∫ 8′(%)4+(#) &% = 4+(#) e.g.∫
#&
+# , ∫
&#!
+
,
+#
!$% 7! ' #"$%
& +#
,. .. ∫ "# #, + % , ∫ &'( # ()*- # +# # $ $% +8(#)
+# ⟹ ∫ /′(#)(/(#))2!+# =
,. .. ∫ 7% 4 &% %) ∫
+#" 2!$%
% -#! :( o An easy identity and then becomes ④ Is it a product of 2 unrelated
:. <. ∫ (,#21)& +#, ∫ +# , ∫ ( PQ
Basic Trigonometry
0#' $% : 2;
standard form: distinct factors?
∫ &'C, #+# = ∫(&'(:&, # − 3)+#
3) ∫ 456 # +# = −&'( #
%
Inverse Trigonometry ∫ C8*, # +# = ∫((:&, # − 3)+#
%) ∫ 456(8# + 9) +# = − &'( 8# + 9 % % )#
' 1)∫ ()*2%
+# = %
∫ >?!! # +# = ∫ &'(:&,# +#
no
:. <. ∫ 456 %# +# and '! 2 )# ! ) '
∫ 456(=# + 3) +#

ye
; %
3)∫ /′(#)456 /(#) +# = −&'( / # :. <. ∫ PQ ∫ .@>! # +# =∫ (:&,# +#

s
<2= )

:. <. ∫ ?# ()* "#, +# and ∫ #, 456(=#-) +# 2)∫

%
+# = −
%
&'(2%
)# o A harder identity and then becomes
'! 2 )# ! ) '
=) ∫ @'( # +# = ()*# 2,
:. < ∫ +#
standard form:
⑤ By parts ⑥ Substitution
% /2%0#! ∫ ()*- #+# = ∫ 456 # (3 − @G4 , #) +# (turns the integral a very
5)∫ @'( 8# + 9 +# = ()*
8# + 9 % % )#
'
3)∫ ! +# ⇒ C8*2% = ∫ ()* # − ()*#&'(,# +#
:. <. ∫ &'( "# +# and ∫ &'((%# + ") +# ' $()#)! ') ' simple standard form)
%
%2.@> ,#
∫ ()*, # +# = ∫ +# &;
A) ∫ /8 # &'( / # +# = ()*/(#) :. <. ∫ +# , ;G − / G &%
1$,&#!
, .@> ,#$% &% Substitutions to use:
:. <. ∫ "# &'((%#,) +# and ∫ #, &'((%#- − %) +# Hyperbolics (Further Maths only) ∫ &'( # +#== ∫ +#
, Powers:
,
7)∫ 4B@ # +# = C8* # . % % )# , %2.@> ,# , To know which H
4) +# = ()*S2% ∫ ()*1 # +# = ∫ ()*,# = ∫ +# ∫… (8(%))! &%
% '! $ )# ! ) ' , to choose: u is
8)∫ 4B@ ,(8# + 9) +# = C8* (8# + 9) ; , .@> ,#$% , Let ; = 8(%)
' :. <. ∫
PQ ∫ &'(1 # = ∫ &'(,# = ∫ +# what comes first
:. <. ∫ 4:&, %# +# and ∫ 4:&, (=# + 3) +# <2=) , Exponentials
5)
% %
+# = &'(S 2% )# in LIATE
D) ∫ /′(#)4B@ , /(#) +# = C8* /(#) )# ! 2'! ) ' ∫ 3? &'( # ()* %# +#=
%
∫(&'( "# + &'( #) +# ∫… ,(+(#)) &%
:. <. ∫ # 4:&, %#, +# and ∫ #,4:&,(=#- + 3) +# :. <. ∫
;
PQ
, Ln Let ; = 8(%)
3E) ∫ 4B@ # C8* # +# = (:& # 6)
%
+# =
%
<2=)
C8*S 2% )# WATCH OUT for: InvTrig Fractions
… …
') ' ∫ (+(#))# &% <= ∫ (+(#))! &%
33) ∫ 4B@ 8# + 9 C8* (8# + 9) +# =
%
'
(:&(8# + 9)
'! 2 )# !
:. <. ∫
;
PQ
o Trig to a power (this is a standard form Algebra
:. <. ∫ 4:& %# C8* %# +# and ∫ 4:& (%# − 3) C8*(%# − 3) +# type mentioned already under in Let ; = 8(%)
3%) ∫ /8 F 4B@ / # C8* /(#) +# = (:&/(#)
<2=)
powers, but it is so often forgotten):
Trig Trigonometry
:. <. ∫ F 4:& (%#,) C8*(%#,) +# and ∫ #, 4:& (#-) C8*(#-) +#
Note: If none of the types above then either
*+ & * &
,
%& +, ∫
-(")
! %&
Exp ∫… >?@ 8(%) &%
you must first do the following and then - " Let ; = 8(%)
3") ∫ &'(:& # @GH # +# = −&'(:& # check back above >?! # >9.$ #
e.g. Roots
3=) ∫ &'(:& 8# + I @GH(8# + 9) +# = − &'(:& 8# + 9
%
'$) ' ) ∫ IJ) % K<I- % &%, ∫ * &%,
A'! # …
' o Split fractions using rule
.
= .+. .@> #
∫ %,1# &% ∫ +(#) &% <= ∫… 8(%)&%
:. <. ∫ &'(:& %# &'C %# +# and ∫ &'(:&("# + 3) &'C("# + 3)+# /#$0 #$1 (#2%) o Fractions (this is a standard form type
∫ # +#, ∫ - # +# ∫ % IJ)0% &% Let ; = ⋯
15)∫ /8 # &'(:& /(#)&'C /(#) +# = −&'(:& / # mentioned already under in fraction,
o Factorise and cancel first
natural ln, but it is so often forgotten): ∫ %, >?@ % &% OR
:. <. ∫ =# &'(:& #, &'C #, +# and ∫ #,&'(:& #- &'C #- +# "+$
, ! $ )" 8′(%) # ., = /(#) ⟺ . = /((#)
3A) ∫ @G4:& # +# = −&'C # %" + &" − (% ∫ %$ F)0%&%
% / &% second sub is better
17) ∫ @G4:&,(8# + 9) +# = − &'C 8# + 9 o Divide first
8(%) ∫ IJ) 0% ,1#
'
#$, …
:. <. &'(:&, %# +#
∫ and ∫ &'(:&, (=# − 3) +# ∫ #2% +# &'( %# ∫ D@ % &% ∫ '± &%
8 , T +# (+(#))
3J) ∫ / # @G4:& /(#) +# = −&'C /(#) o Use partial fractions ()* %# + = ∫ 4=K LM@ % &% Let ; = 8(%)
:. <. ∫ #&'(:&, (=#,) +# and ∫ #,&'(:&, (K#-) +# (may need to factorise the denominator or
()* # OR
divide first) T C8*#+# = T +#
& &#! 20#2- #! 2&#20 &'( # Note: each time we ; = 4 ± 8(%)
Extra common results: ∫ (#2%)(-#$,) +# , ∫ +# , ∫ +# use parts we ”kill” a
#2% #! 2% #! 2#2,
.@> # second sub is better
∫ C8* # +# = L*|(:& #| o Complete the square in the denominator ∫ &'C#+# = ∫ >?! # +# power of the
∫ @GH # +# = L*|()* #| % % algebra type. We
∫ #! $0#$%- +# =∫ #$- ! $1 +# o where you need to simplify a lot such Note: All Function 8 %
∫ (:& # +# = L*| (:& # + C8* #| sometimes have to
o Adapt the numerator of the fraction by as types on the left can use
∫ @'(:& # +# = −L* |&'(:&# + &'C #| splitting into 2 fractions do parts more than
>?! # %$.@> ,# %2, >?!! # once substitution instead: Let
%&'#(
∫ &!'#$&'%# )"=∫
%&'$) )
− &!'#$&'%# )" ∫ A'! # +# , ∫ >?! # >?! ,# +# , ∫ %$, >?! # .@> # +#
&!'#$&'%# ; = 8(%)