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Cable Damage Curve PDF
Cable Damage Curve PDF
Voltage Regulation:
Using equation (6-18):
Today’s high capacity power systems require that the short circuit capabilities of system
cables be considered. Calculations can be used to determine an installed cable’s ability to
withstand various short circuit conditions or the cable size needed to withstand a given
short circuit condition.
Conductor Formula
The usual form of the equation used to calculate the conductor’s short circuit current (ISC) is
presented in ICEA for copper and aluminum conductors.2 The equations for calculating
short circuit currents for copper and aluminum conductors are presented on the following
pages. The accompanying figures graphically depict the relationship between conductor
size and short circuit current duration for copper and aluminum conductors with thermoset
or thermoplastic insulation. For these equations and curves to be valid, the conductor must
be allowed to return to or below the rated maximum operating temperature (T1) before
another short circuit is encountered.
The short circuit current equations may be simplified after designating the conductor
metal and the values of T1 and T2 as follows:
(6-31)
TABLE 6-1
CONDUCTOR SHORT CIRCUIT FACTORS, FC
Insulation Copper Aluminum
Thermoset (XLPE, EPR) 0.0678 0.0443
T1=105°C, T2=250°C
Calculation can be made for any value T1 and T2 by using (6-32) or (6-33)
2
ICEA P-32-382, “Short Circuit Characteristics of Insulated Cable” – Fourth Edition, 1999.”
SOUTHWIRE 6-14
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Conductor Size
Figure 6-15
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Copper Conductor and Thermoset Insulation
(6-32)
SOUTHWIRE 6-15
CHAPTER 6
Conductor Size
Figure 6-16
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Copper Conductor and Thermoset Insulation
(6-32)
SOUTHWIRE 6-16
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Conductor Size
Figure 6-17
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Copper Conductor and Thermoplastic Insulation
(6-32)
SOUTHWIRE 6-17
CHAPTER 6
Conductor Size
Figure 6-18
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Aluminum Conductor and Thermoset Insulation
(6-33)
SOUTHWIRE 6-18
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Conductor Size
Figure 6-19
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Aluminum Conductor and Thermoset Insulation
(6-33)
SOUTHWIRE 6-19
CHAPTER 6
Conductor Size
Figure 6-20
Allowable Short Circuit Currents for
Aluminum Conductor and Thermoplastic Insulation
(6-33)
SOUTHWIRE 6-20
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(6-34)
TABLE 6-2
SHIELD SHORT CIRCUIT FACTORS FS
Insulation Jacket T1 T2 FS (Copper)
Thermoplastic 200°C 0.0630
Thermoset (PVC, PE, LSZH, CPE) 85°C
(XLPE, EPR) Thermoset 350°C 0.0890
(Hypalon)
Thermoplastic Thermoplastic 70°C 200°C 0.0678
(PVC, PE) (PVC, PE, LSZH, CPE)
NOTES: (A) T1 is the shield temperature resulting from the maximum conductor operating temperature.
(B) T2 is the maximum short circuit shield temperature.
(C) T1 and T2 are from ICEA P-45-482.3
(D) Calculations can be made for any value of T1 and T2 by using equation (6-32).
Tubular Shields
(6-37)
3
ICEA P-45-482, “Short Circuit Characteristics of Metallic Shields and Sheaths on Insulated Cable” – Fourth Edition, 1999.
SOUTHWIRE 6-21
CHAPTER 6
Typical Calculation
A given circuit has protection devices that are guaranteed to operate within 1 second
(60 Hz). What are the maximum conductor and shield short circuit currents when using
an EPR insulated 500 kcmil copper cable that has a semiconducting insulation shield
diameter of 1.305 inches, with a 5 mil, 1.5 inches wide, 1/4 (25%) overlap copper tape
shield and a PVC jacket? The continuous operating temperature of the cable is 105ºC.
SOUTHWIRE 6-22