Cálculo de losa de concreto Reforzado

a
6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2

1 2 3 4 5
b 6.9

Datos Carga Viva

AGIES NSE 2
F'c 210 kg/m² Wv 200 kg/m²
FY 2810 kg/m²
Wc 2400 kg/m3
Wacab 90 kg/m²
e losa 0.15 cm
recubrimiento = rec = 3 cm

PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO

H= L = 6.9 = 0.43125 = 0.5 m

16 16

B= h = 0.5 = 0.25 m
2 2

0.5

0.25
 ÁREAS TRIBUTARIAS
6.2 6.2

1 2 5
6.9

b= B - Ancho de planta
b= 0.7 b= = 6.9 - 6.2 b= 0.7 m

h �=((𝐵+𝑏)/2)ℎ
3.1

A1= 11.8 m2

B= 6.9 A2= 11.8 m2

AREA TOTAL= 23.6 m2

INTEGRACION DE CARGAS

Carga Muerta
Wlosa= Wc x e losa
Wlosa= 360 kg/m²
Wacab= 90 kg/m²
Wtotal= 450 kg/m²

Carga Ultima
Wultima= 1.2 Wm + 1.6 Wv
Wultima= 860 kg/m²

Carga Distribuida
Wd= Wu x At Wviga= (Wc*b*h)1.2
+ Wviga
L Wviga= 360 kg/m

Wd= 860 x 23.6

+ 360
6.9

Wd= 3296.46 kg/m

CALCULO DE MOMENTOS
M(-)= wd L²
15
 M(-)= 3296.46 x 47.6 = 10462.976 kg.m
15
M(+)= wd L²
10

M(+)= 3296.46 x 47.6 = 15694.464 kg.m

10

AREAS DE ACERO MINIMO Y AREAS DE ACERO MAXIMO

Asmax= 14.1 b d d= peralte efectivo

Fy rec= 3 cm

Asmax= 14.1 25 47 = 5.90 cm²

2810

Asmax= (0.5)( 〖 0.85 〗 ^2 )[𝜀𝑐/(��+f𝑦⁄�𝑠)][(𝑓^ ��= deformacion maxima del concreto = 0.003
′𝑐)/𝐹𝑌]𝑏� �s= modulo de elasticidad del acero = 2100000 kg/cm²

Asmax= 21.937 cm²

CALCULAR X(-) Y X(+)

a=
(∅⋅𝑓𝑌^2)/(1.7 〖𝐹〗 ^′ 𝑐𝑏) ∅= 0.9 a flexion
∅= 0.85
a= 796.25

b= ∅ fy d
b= 118863

C1= M(-)*100
C1= 1046297.6

C2= M(+)*100
C2= 1569446.4

Aplicación de formula cuadrática �=(−𝑏±√(𝑏^2−4𝑎𝑐))/2𝑎

C1= C1=
X1 -9.39 9.39 X1 -14.64 14.64
X2 -139.89 140 X2 -134.64 134.64

CALCULO DEL MOMENTO QUE RESISTE EL ACERO MAXIMO

M= ∅(Asmx Fy (d- (�𝑠𝑚𝑎� 𝑓𝑌)/(1.7 〖𝐹〗 ^′ 𝑐𝑏)))/100

M= 22243.34 kg.m
 CALCULO DEL MOMENTO QUE FALTA POR REFORZAR

Mr= M(+) - MASmax

Mr= 15694.46 - 22243.34
Mr= -6548.88 kg.m = 6549 kg.m
CALCULAR As ADICIONAL

As adic.= Mr
∅ (Fy) d

As adic.= 6548.879
0.9 2810 47

As adic.= 0.06 * 100

As adic.= 5.5096 cm2

CALCULAR As A COMPRESION
As comp.= 4 As adic.
3

As comp.= 4 5.51
3

As comp.= 7.346 cm2

PROPONER ARMADO
As(-)= X(-) + Ascomp

As(-)= 9.39 + 7.35

As(-)= 16.740 cm2

As(+)= Asmax + Asadic

As(+)= 21.937 + 5.51
As(+)= 27.4468 cm2

CAMA SUPERIOR
As corrido= As(-)
3

As corrido= 16.74 = 5.5799 cm2

3
Asmin > Ascorr => Usar Asmin
5.90 > 5.58 => Usar Asmin 5.90 cm2

3 No. 5 area 1.98 = 5.94 cm2

BASTON SUPERIOR
 Ascorr= As(-) - Ascomp
Ascorr= 16.74 - 7.35
Ascorr= 9.3937 cm2

3 No. 7 area 3.88 = 11.64 cm2

CAMA INFERIOR
As corrido= As(-)
2

As corrido= 16.74 = 8.37 cm2

2

As corrido= As(+)
2

As corrido= 27.45 = 13.723 cm2

2
Asmax > Ascorr => Usar Asmax
21.94 > 13.72 => Usar Asmax 21.94 cm2

3 No. 10 area 8.16 = 24.48 cm2

BASTON INFERIOR
Ascorr= As(-) - Ascorr
Ascorr= 16.74 - 13.723
Ascorr= 3.016 cm2

3 No. 4 area 1.27 = 3.81 cm2

DETALLE DE ARMADO

LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO
Ld= 0.06 * fm * Av * Fy cama superior = fm 1.4
√(𝑓^ cama inferior
paquete de 3 varillas
= fm
= fm
1
1.2
′ 𝑐) paquete de 4 varillas en adelante =fm 1.33

cama superior
Ld= 0.06 * 1.4 * 3.88 * 2810
√210

Ld= 63.2 = 65.0 cm

0.65 M

Cama Inferior
M= ∅(Ascorr Fy (d- (�𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑌)/(1.7 〖𝐹〗 ^′ 𝑐𝑏)))/100

M= 14812.46 kg.m

Cama Superior
M= ∅(Ascorr Fy (d- (�𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑌)/(1.7 〖𝐹〗 ^′ 𝑐𝑏)))/100

M= 6384.56 kg.m

CALCULO DE X,Y EN BASTONES

cama superior

Vmax= Wd L
2

Vmax= 3296 6.9

2
Vmax= 11372.80 Kg
 - 6385 + 10462.976 + 3296 X(X/2) - 11372.80 X = 0

1648 X² - 11372.80 X + 4078

aplicación de la formula cuadratica �=(−𝑏±√(𝑏^2−4𝑎𝑐))/2𝑎

X1= -0.38 0.38

X2= -6.52 6.52
Cama Inferiro

14812.46 - 15694.464 + 3296 (Y)(Y/2) = 0

1648 Y² -882 = 0

Y=
√ 882
1648
Y= 0.7315

LONGITUD TOTAL DEL BASTON

Baston Superior
LT= Ld * 2 + X
LT= 0.65 * 2 + 0.3795
LT= 1.679 m
LT= 1.70 m

Baston Inferior
LT= Ld * 2 + Y
LT= 0.65 * 2 + 0.7315
LT= 2.032 m
LT= 2.10 m

CALCULAR CORTE QUE RESISTE EL CONCRETO

Vc= ∅ 0.53
√F'c * b d

Vc= 0.85 * 0.53 √ 210 * 25 * 47

Vc= 7670.829 kg
 CALCULO DE ESPACIAMIENTO

S= 2 * Av * Fy * d
Vs

Vs= Vmax - Vc
Vs= 11372.80 - 7670.829
Vs= 3701.971 kg

S= 2 * 0.71 * 2810 * 47 Av= 3 = 0.71 cm2

3701.971 8

S= 50.7 = 50 cm

S < 3 ---------------> Cambiar varilla

S > d/2-------------> usar d/2 peralte efectico/2
3 < S < d/2---------> Usar S

S > d/2-------------> usar d/2

50 > 23.5 = 20 cm estribos @ 20 cm

IA DE CONFINAMIENTO

Dist= (L/2) * Vc
Vmax

Dist= 3.45 * 7670.829 = 2.327 m = 2.35 m

11372.80

COLOCACION DE ESTRIBOS