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ch1 PDF
ch1 PDF
1: Intro to Statics 7
1.0 Outline 7
Basic Concepts 8
Scalars and Vectors 11
Newton’s Laws (overview) 22
Gravitational Law 25
1.0 Outline
Ch. 1: Intro to Statics 8
Particles Objects
differential element analysis
Molecular effects in the body
of the body
Yawing, pitching motion of
Flight speed of the airplane
the plane
C’
C
A
B
A
B
θ direction
line of action
-V
1.2 Scalars and Vectors
Ch. 1: Intro to Statics 16
Vector Operations
Addition v= v1 + v 2
V2 V2 V V
V2 V2
θ θ
V1 V1 V1 V1
Principle of transmissibility
Parallelogram law
Head to tail
Line of action obtained separately (parallelogram law /
principle of moment)
point of application
i.e., only vector magnitude and direction are ensured
Vector Operations
Addition v= v1 + v 2
V2 V2 V V
V2 V2
θ θ
V1 V1 V1 V1
v1 + v 2 = v 2 + v1 commutative law
( v1 + v 2 ) + v3 =v1 + ( v 2 + v3 ) associative law
v1 - v=2 (
v1 + -v 2 ) vector subtraction
V2
-V2 V’ θ’ V1
v v
Sine law: = 2 + kill impossible angle
sin β sin θ
V
2 unknowns (scalar) V2
θ β
V1
Coordinate systems
y y’
2
1 x
x’
Rectangular coord. system is easier to manipulate
Vector Components along the coordinate
axis directions
y y’
2 Vy’
V2 V Vy V
1 x
V1 Vx Vx’ x’
v = v1 + v 2 = v x + v y = v x' + v y'
1.2 Scalars and Vectors
Ch. 1: Intro to Statics 20
= i + vy j
v vnˆ = v x ˆˆ
y
1
V nˆ = cosθ ˆˆi + sinθ j = v
v
Vy v=2
v 2x + v 2y
n v x = vcosθ
θ
Vx x v y = vsinθ
θ = arctan 2 ( v y , v x )
θz
n = =
v x vcos θ x vˆi
θy
= = θ vˆj
Vx
θx Vy y v vcos
y y
= =
v z vcos θ z vkˆ
x cosθ x =
1 ˆ
vi
v
1
cosθ y = v ˆj
v
1
cosθ z = v kˆ
v
cos 2θ x + cos 2θ y + cos 2θ z =
1
Newton’s Laws
1st Law: A particle remains at rest or continues to move
in a straight line with a uniform velocity if there is no
unbalanced force acting on it.
∑ F= 0⇔a=0
Newton’s Laws
2nd Law: The absolute acceleration of a particle is
proportional to the resultant force acting on it and is in
the direction of this resultant force.
∑ F = ma
a = absolute acceleration
Newton’s Laws
3rd Law: The forces of action and reaction between
interacting bodies are equal in magnitude, opposite
in direction, and collinear.
-F F
F F
FBD
Gravitational Law
m1m2
F F F= G 2
m1 m2 r
G = 6.673 × 10-11 m 3 / ( kg s 2 )
Gravitational acceleration
Calculate from the gravitational force between the earth
and the object. This attractive force is called the weight
of the body.
Gme
W= m 2
= mg
r
g = free falling acceleration observed on the moving earth
= 9.81 m/s 2 can be considered the absolute acceleration
in the engineering problem on earth