TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Technology has resulted in a perception that communication barriers between human beings
have almost disappeared. It is arguably easier to communicate, store information and exchange
data around the world than ever before similarly. Education is no exception; students benefit
from technology as it is an advantage to them where research is concerned. Therefore, this
paper will outline and explain types of computer networks, their advantages and
disadvantages.
According to www.techopedia.com A computer network is a group of computer systems and
other computing hardware devices that are linked together through communication channels
to facilitate communication and resource-sharing among a wide range of users. Networks are
commonly categorized based on their characteristics. According to research there are eleven
types of computer networks in use today.
Personal Area Network (PAN)

The smallest and most basic type of network, a PAN is made up of wireless modem, a computer
or two, phones, printers and tablets revolve around one person in one building. These types of
networks are typically found in small offices or residences, and are managed by one person or
organization from a single device.
Local Area Network (LAN

LANs are the most frequently discussed networks, one of the most common, one of the most
original and one of the simplest types of networks. LANs connect groups of computers and low
voltage devices together across short distances (within a building or between a group of two or
three buildings in close proximity to each other) to share information and resources.
Enterprises typically manage and maintain LANs. An example of where LANs are used is an
internet cafe.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Functioning like a LAN, WLANs make use of wireless network technology, such as Wi-Fi.
Typically seen in some types of applications as LANs, these types of networks don’t require that
devices rely on physical cables to connect to the network.
Campus Area Network (CAN)

Larger than LANs, but smaller than metropolitan area networks (MANs, explained below), these
types of networks are typically seen in universities, large K-12 school districts or small
businesses. They can be spread across several buildings that are fairly close to each other so
users can share resources.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

These types of networks are larger than LANs but smaller than WANs – and incorporate
elements from both types of networks. MANs span an entire geographic area (typically a town
or city, but sometimes a campus). Ownership and maintenance is handled by either a single
person or company (a local council even a large company)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

Slightly more complex than a LAN, a WAN connects computers together across longer physical
distances. This allows computers and low-voltage devices to be remotely connected to each
other over one large network to communicate even when they’re miles apart.
The Internet is the most basic example of a WAN, connecting all computers together around
the world. Because of a WAN’s vast reach, it is typically owned and maintained by multiple
administrators or the public.
Storage-Area Network (SAN)

As a dedicated high-speed network that connects shared pools of storage devices to several
servers, these types of networks don’t rely on a LAN or WAN. Instead, they move storage
resources away from the network and place them into their own high-performance network.
SANs can be accessed in the same fashion as a drive attached to a server. Types of storage-area
networks include converged, virtual and unified SANs.
System-Area Network (also known as SAN)

This term is fairly new within the past two decades. It is used to explain a relatively local
network that is designed to provide high-speed connection in server-to-server applications
(cluster environments), storage area networks (called “SANs” as well) and processor-to-
processor applications. The computers connected on a SAN operate as a single system at very
high speeds.
Passive Optical Local Area Network (POLAN)

As an alternative to traditional switch-based Ethernet LANs, POLAN technology can be

integrated into structured cabling to overcome concerns about supporting traditional Ethernet
protocols and network applications such as PoE (Power over Ethernet). A point-to-multipoint
LAN architecture, POLAN uses optical splitters to split an optical signal from one strand of single
mode optical fiber into multiple signals to serve users and devices.
Enterprise Private Network (EPN)

These types of networks are built and owned by businesses that want to securely connect its
various locations to share computer resources.
Virtual Private Network (VPN)

By extending a private network across the Internet, a VPN lets its users send and receive data as
if their devices were connected to the private network – even if they’re not. Through a virtual
point-to-point connection, users can access a private network remotely.

Advantages and disadvantages of computer networks

Computer networking has become one of the most successful ways of sharing information,
where all computers are wirelessly linked together by a common network. Now, businesses and
organizations heavily rely on it to get messages and information across to essential channels.
Not only has that it benefited establishments, but also individuals, as they also need to share
important information every day. But no matter how useful computer networking is, it does not
come without drawbacks. Here are its advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages

1. It enhances communication and availability of information.

2. It allows for more convenient resource sharing.
3. It makes file sharing easier.
4. It is highly flexible
5. It is an inexpensive system-Installing networking software on your device would not cost too
much, as you are assured that it lasts and can effectively share information to your peers.
6. It increases cost efficiency
7. It boosts storage capacity
8. Networking increases personal security.
9. Computer networks are open to everyone.
10. It takes minimal computer knowledge to network.
11. File sharing in bulk is very easy to do.
12. It offers people flexible learning and sharing options.
13. Computer networks offer an entrepreneurial option.
14. They enhance individual productivity levels.
15. It allows for anyone to become a global influence.
 Disadvantages

1 Not everyone has access to computer networks.

2 Computer networks are not always secure.
3 It can lead to serious mental health concerns, when over used because networks offer
information but also offer gaming options and it becomes an addiction to some
4 It can lead to serious mental health concerns.
5 Networks can change our perspectives on relationships
6 There are fewer safeguards in place for computer networks
7 Computer networks create recall dependence.
8 Computer networks rely upon a high-quality installation process.
9 They can cause more down time than productive time.
10 It allows for more presence of computer viruses and malware.
11 Its light policing usage promotes negative acts
12 It requires an efficient handler.
13 It requires an expensive set-up.
14 It allows for more presence of computer viruses and malware
15 It lacks robustness. As previously stated, if a computer network’s main server breaks
down, the entire system would become useless.

Behind these networks there are software that support them, (listed below):
• Network OS
• Internet Software
• Utilities
• Remote access software
• Security assessment software
Computer networking will always be a fast and convenient means of transferring and sharing
information, but people should be aware of its consequences as well. They should remember
that often relying on this system can put them at certain risks that can be cause by its flaws and
other malfunctions.
Citations

B. Stephen (2017, December 24). Types of computer networks. Emerging Technology and Applications.
Retrieved from www.belden.com

Ayres. C (2015, August 26) Advantages of computer networks. Main advantages of computer networks.
Retrieved from www.greengarageblog.org

Gaille. B (2018, January 30). Disadvantages of computer networks. Disadvantages of computer network

Ahmad. D (2015, March 16). Types of software used in networks. Local Area Networks: Software and
Support Systems. Retrieved from www.slideshare.net