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CHEMISTRY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS LIST

❖ ATOMIC STRUCTURE
1. What are the postulates of Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom? Discuss the importance
of this model to explain various series of line sprctra in hydrogen atom and
limitations of Bohr,s model.
2. What are Quantum numbers? Discuss various types of quantum numbers and
explain their significances.
3. A) Explain the difference between emission and absorption spectra.
B) Explain about Heisenberg Uncertainity principle.
C) Explain Plancks Quantum theory

4. i) Aufbau principle, Hund’s rule, Pauli’s Exclusion principle ,Photoelectric

❖ PERIODIC TABLE
1. What is Ionization potential? Why 2nd I.P is greater than 1st I.P? Explain the factors
effects on Ionization potential.
2. What is Periodicity? Explain the following properties changes in groups and periods.
1) Atomic radius 2) Ionization enthalpy 3) Electro negativity 4) Electron gain
enthalpy 5) Nature of Oxides. 6)Metallic &Non metallic nature
3. Write an essay on classification of elements in to S, P, d and f Blocks.
4. Give any four characteristic properties of Transition Elements.
5. What is Lanthanoid Contraction? What are its consequences?
❖ CHEMICAL BONDING
1. What is Hybridization? Explain different types of Hybridizations with suitable
examples.(sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d & sp3d2) in BeCl2, BCl3, CH4, PCl5, SF6, C2H2, C2H4& C2H6.
2. Write the postulates of VSEPR theory, and its applications.(N2,O2,XeF4,BrF5,ClF3, ICl4)
3. Give the Molecular Orbital Energy Level Diagram of N2 and O2 molecules. Calculate
the Bond Order and mention the Magnetic nature of the same molecules.
4. Explain Fajan’s rules for the formation of Ionic Bond with suitable examples.
5. Explain the formation of Co-ordinate Covalent Bond with suitable examples.
6. What is Hydrogen bond? Explain the types of Hydrogen bonds with examples.
7. Define dipole moment and its applications.
❖ STATES OF MATTER
1. Write the postulates of Kinetic Molecular theory of Gases.
2. Deduce a) Boyle’s Law b) Charle’s Law c) Graham’s Law d) Dalton’s Law e) Kinetic
energy from Kinetic Gas equation.
3. State and Explain Graham’s Law and Dalton’s Law. Problems.

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 4. Define a) RMS velocity b) Average velocity c) Most probable velocity of gas
molecules. Give their inter relationship and problems
5. Derive Ideal Gas Equation.

❖ STOICHIOMETRY
1. Balance the following redox reactions by ion-electron method taking place in acidic
medium.
A) Cr2O72- + NO2-→ Cr3+ + NO3-
B) MnO4- + SO32-→ Mn2+ + SO42-
C) H2SO4 + HBr → SO2 + Br2
D) MnO4- + C2O42- → Mn2+ CO2
2. Determine the Emperical and Molecular formulas from different problems.
3. Balance the following redox reaction by ion-electron method taking place in basic
medium. MnO4- + I-→ MnO2 + I2
4. Calculate the oxidation state of underline element in different compounds.
5. Define a) Molarity b) Normality c) Molality d) Mass Percentage and Problems
❖ THERMODYNAMICS
1. State and explain the Hess’s law of constant heat summation with suitable example.
2. Define heat capacity. What are CP and CV? show that CP-CV = R
3. Explain concept of Entropy and Gibbs energy
4. State the first law of Thermodynamics. Explain its mathematical notation.
5. Explain spontaneity of a process in terms of Gibb’s energy.
6. State and explain second and third law of thermodynamics.
7. Explain Heat of Neutralisation, Heat of Fusion, Heat of Combustion, Heat of Solution
❖ CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ACIDS & BASES
1. What is Lechatlier’s principle? Briefly discuss the factors influence the equilibrium.
2. Discuss the applications of Lechatlier’s principle for the preparation of Ammonia
and Sulphur trioxide.
3. Derive the relation between KC and KP for equilibrium reactions.(Haber,Contact
process and other applications)
4. What is Conjugate Acid Base pair? Give Examples
5. Explain Bronsted Acid-Base theory with suitable examples.
6. Discuss Lewis Acid-Base theory with suitable examples.
7. What is PH? What is Buffer solution? Derive Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for
calculating the PH of an Acid Buffer solution.
8. What is ‘’Hydrolysis of salts’’ discuss the PH of the following types of salt solutions
a) Salts of weak acid and strong base. b) Salts of strong acid and week base.
9. Explain the following a) solubility product of water b) common ion effect.

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❖ HYDROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS
1. Discuss various methods for the preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide.
2. Explain two Oxidizing and Reducing properties of Hydrogen Peroxide with relevant
equations.
3. What is Hard and Soft water? Discuss ion-exchange method and Calgon method for
the purification of hard water in to Soft water.
4. Write a short note on use of Hydrogen as a fuel.
5. Write short note on heavy water.
6. Write any four uses of Dihydrogen
7. Explain a) Electron deficient, b) Electron precise hydrides c) Electron rich hydrides
❖ S- BLOCK ELEMENTS
1. Discuss about Castner-Kellner process. Write the principle involved in it.
2. Explain about the Biological importance of Na+, K+,Mg+2,Ca+2ions.
3. Write a short note on the properties of washing soda.
4. What is ‘’Plaster of Paris’’? Write a short on it.
5. Write short note on cement.
6. Discuss about the Solvay process.
❖ GROUP – 13 ELEMENTS
1. Give any two methods for the preparation of diborane.
2. Explain the structure of diborane.
3. Discuss borax bead test with suitable examples.
4. How does diborane react with a) H2O b) CO c) N(CH3)3 d) NH3

❖ GROUP – 14 ELEMENTS
1. Discuss the differences in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their
structures.
2. Write a short note on preparation and uses of the following
a) Silicates b) Zeolites c) Fullerenes d) Silicones
3. Write a short note on the following a) Allotropy b) Inert pair effect c) Catenation
❖ ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Describe any two methods of preparation of ethylene. How it reacts with following
compounds give equations. a) Ozone b) Cold and dil. alk KMnO4 c) Heated
with O2 at high pressure d) Hypohalous acid (HOCl).
2. Explain any three methods of preparation of acetylene. How it react with following
compounds? Name the products formed. A) Acetic acid B) Water C)
Hydrogen D) Halogens E) Hydrogen Halides F) Ammonical AgNO3.
3. Discuss any two methods of preparation of Benzene. Explain halogenation,
Alkylation, Acylation, Nitration and Sulphonation of Benzene.
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 4. Complete the following reaction and name the product A, B and C.
CaC2→A→ B → C in the presence of H2O, hot metal tube and AlCl3+CH3Cl.
5. Name the products A, B and C formed in the following reaction. Give the equations
for the reactions. Ethylene → A → B → C in the presence of Br2+CCl4, Alc.KOH and Br2
6. Explain about Position, functional group and geometrical isomerism (cis&Trans)
with suitable examples.
7. Explain Wurtz Reaction, Kolbe’s Reaction, Decarboxylation
8. What is polymerization? Give two Examples for it.
9. What is Ozonolysis? Give Examples for it.
10. Explain the method of writing E – Z configurations for geometrical isomerism.
11. Discuss Markownikov’s and kharash effect.
12. Explain a) Inductive effect b) Mesomeric effect c) Resonance effect with
examples.
13. What is Carcinogenicity? Explain types of Reactions with suitable Examles.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

❖ CHEMICAL BONDING
1. What is Octet rule?
2. Which of the two ions Ca2+ or Zn2+ is more stable and why?
3. Cl- ion is more stable than Cl atom why?
4. What are the coordination numbers of NaCl and CsCl?
5. Why H2O has more boiling point than HF?
6. What type of bonds is present in NH4Cl? Give its structure.
❖ STATES OF MATTER
1. What are Isotherms?
2. What are STP conditions?
3. What is Gram molar volume?
4. Write universal gas constant value in different units.
5. Which of the gases diffuses faster among N2, O2 and CH4? Why?
6. How many times methane diffuses faster than sulphurdioxide?
7. What is aqueous tension?
8. What is Boltzmann’s constant? Give its value.
9. Give Vanderwalls Relation
10. What is RMS speed?
11. What is compressibility factor?
12. What is Boyle temperature?
13. What is critical temperature? Give its value for CO2.
14. What is surface tension? Explain effect of Temperature on it.
15. What is coefficient of viscosity? Give its units and effect of Temperature.
16. Calculate Kinetic energy of 5 moles of nitrogen at 27oC?
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❖ STOICHIOMETRY
1. How many numbers of moles of glucose are present in 540 gm. of glucose?
2. Calculate the weight of 0.1 mole of sodium carbonate.
3. What is redox reaction? Give an example.
4. The empirical formula of the compound is CH2O, its molecular weight is 90, calculate
the molecular formula of the compound.
5. What are the disproportionation reactions? Give an example.
6. What are comproportionation reactions? Give an example.
7. What volume of CO2 is obtained at STP by heating 4 gm. of CaCO3?
8. Explain Significant figures
❖ THERMODYNAMICS
1. Define system and surroundings.
2. State the first law of the thermodynamics.
3. What are Intensive and Extensive properties? Give suitable examples.
4. State the third law of the thermodynamics.
5. Explain the relation between Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant.
6. Define Thermo chemical Equation?
❖ CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ACIDS & BASES
1. What is homogenous equilibrium? Give two homogenous equations.
2. What is heterogenous equilibrium? Give two heterogenous equations.
3. Define equilibrium constant.
4. Write the relation between KP and KC with an example.
5. Write two chemical equilibrium reactions for which KP = KC, KP > KC, andKP < KC
6. What is conjugate acid-base pair? Give an example.
7. What is the value of KW? What are its units?
8. Calculate the PH of 10-8 M HCl solution.
9. Find the PH of 0.05M Ba(OH)2 aqueous solution.
❖ HYDROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS
1. Why Hydrogen is used in welding of high melting metals?
2. Explain the term ‘’SYNGAS’’.
3. What do you mean by Autoprotolysis? Explain with relevant equation.
4. Water behaves as an amphoteric substance in the Bronsted sense. How do you
explain?
5. Structure and any three uses of H2O2?
6. Mention any two uses of D2O (heavy water).
7. Give structure of H2O2.
❖ ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS
1. Write completely the electronic configuration of K and Rb.
2. Lithium reacts with water less vigorously than sodium. Give your reason.
3. Explain the biological importance of Magnesium and Calcium.
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 4. What happens when Magnesium metal is burnt in air?
5. Describe the importance of Plaster of Paris.
6. Write the average composition of Portland cement.
7. Describe the important uses of caustic soda. Baking Soda
8. Describe the important uses of sodium carbonate and quick lime.
9. Why are alkali metals not found in the Free State in nature?
10. Explain the structure of Solid BeCl2
❖ III A GROUP ELEMENTS
1. Explain inert pair effect.
2. What is the Hybridization of B in diborane and borazine?
3. Give the formula of borazine. What is its common name?
4. Give the formula of a) Borax b) Colemanite
5. Sketch the structure of Orthoboric acid.
6. Give the structure of AlCl3
7. Give three uses of Aluminium.
❖ IV A GROUP ELEMENTS
1. Why is CO poisonous?
2. What is allotropy? Give the crystalline allotropes of carbon.
3. How does graphite functions as a lubricant.
4. Graphite is good conductor. Explain.
5. Diamond has high melting point. Explain.
6. Write the use of ZSM-5.
7. Write four uses of CO2.
8. What is the role of CO2 in the photo synthesis?
9. Give Hybridisations of Carbon in Diamond,Graphite,Fullerene, CO2, Carbonate ion.
10. C-C bond length in graphite is shorter than C-C bond length in diamond. Explain.
11. Diamond is used as precious stone. Explain.
12. Name any two man made silicates.
13. SiF6-2 exists But SiCl4-2 does not Explain.
14. How is water gas prepared?
15. How is producer gas prepared?
16. What is Dry ice? How it is useful?
❖ ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
1. Define COD and BOD.
2. Define the terms Sink ,Receptor and TLV
3. Name the major particulate pollutants in Troposphere.
4. Mention the gases caused for Green House Effect.
5. Name two adverse effects caused by Green House Effect.
6. Which oxides and acids cause acid rain? What is its PH value?
7. Name two adverse effects caused by acid rains.
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 8. What is PAN? What effect is caused by it?
9. How is Ozone formed in the stratosphere?
10. Give the chemical equations involved in the ozone depletion by CF 2Cl2.
11. What is Ozone hole? Where it was first observed?
12. Name two adverse effects caused by ozone depletion.
13. Name three industrial chemicals that pollute water
14. . Name three Agricultural chemicals that pollute water
15. Explain Smog, Classical Smog, Photochemical smog,Mist
16. What are Bio-Amplification and Eutrophication?
17. Define pollutant, contaminant and speciation?
18. What are Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere?
19. What is Nalgonda Defluorination Technique
❖ ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Write the reagents required for conversion of benzene to methyl benzene.
2. How is nitrobenzene prepared?
3. Write the structures of Trichloroethanoic acid, Neopentane and P-
nitrobenzaldehyde.
4. Discuss Lassageine’s test.
5. Explain the principle of Chromatography.
6. Explain the terms a) Crystallisation b) Distillation.
7. How is ethylene prepared from ethyl alcohol? Write the reaction.
8. What is the product formed when sodium propionate is heated with soda lime?
9. What is dehydrohalogenation? Write a suitable reaction.
10. Write a short note on a) Wurtz reaction b) Fridal craft alkylation.
11. IUPAC names of some compounds.

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