Mekanika Solid

Geometric Properties of an Area

Prof.Dr.Ir. Irwan Katili, DEA

Imam Jauhari Maknun
081213148961
jauhari.imam@gmail.com

Februari 2018
ASSESSMENT CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN

Jenis Assessment Total

1 UTS 27%
2 UAS 23%
3 Quiz Sumatif 33%
4 Tugas Besar 7%
5 Responsi 7%
6 Tugas Praktikum 3%

Total = 100%
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (Kuis 1)
 Pendahuluan : Mechanical Properties of Material
 Properti Penampang
 Axial Loaded
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (UTS)
 Bending
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (UTS)
 Transverse Shear

 Combined Loading

 Design of Beams
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (Kuis 2)
 Torsion

 Stress Transformation General Equation; Principal Stress &

maximum in-plane shear stress; Mohr Circle
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (UAS)
 Deflection of Beam & Shaft

 Energy Methods for deflection calculation

CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN KHUSUS (UAS)
 Staticaly Indetermined Beam (Consistent Deformation)

 Buckling
Geometric Properties of an Area
1. Centroid of an Area
2. Moment of Inertia for an Area
3. Product of Inertia for an Area
4. Moments of Inertia for an Area about
Inclined Axes
5. Mohr’s Circle for Moments of Inertia
CENTROID OF AN AREA
CENTROID
 The centroid of an area refers to the point that defines the
geometric center for the area.

 If the area has an arbitrary shape, the x and y coordinates defining

the location of the centroid C are determined using the formulas
The numerators in these equations are formulations of the
“moment” of the area element dA about the y and the x
axis
The denominators represent the total area A of the shape
CENTROID
 The location of the centroid for some areas may be partially or
completely specified by using symmetry conditions.
 In cases where the area has an axis of symmetry, the centroid for
the area will lie along this axis
COMPOSITE AREAS
 Often an area can be sectioned or divided into several parts having
simpler shapes
COMPOSITE AREAS
EXAMPLE
Locate the centroid C of the cross-sectional area for the T-beam
COMPOSITE AREAS (SOLUTION I)
The y axis is placed along the axis of symmetry so that 𝑥=0
ҧ
COMPOSITE AREAS (SOLUTION II)
The y axis is placed along the axis of symmetry so that 𝑥=0
ҧ
COMPOSITE AREAS (SOLUTION III)
The y axis is placed along the axis of symmetry so that 𝑥=0
ҧ
COMPOSITE AREAS
Locate the centroid C of the area A
COMPOSITE AREAS
Locate the centroid C of the area A

3 mm

3 mm

6 mm
COMPOSITE AREAS
Locate the centroid C of the area A
1 mm

2 mm

4 mm

4 mm
COMPOSITE AREAS
Locate the centroid C of the area A (t=1 mm)
Moment of Inertia for an Area
Moment of Inertia for an Area
 The moment of inertia of an area often appears in formulas used in
mechanics of materials.
 It is a geometric property that is calculated about an axis, and for
the x and y axes shown in Fig.

 We can also calculate the moment of inertia of an area about the

pole O or z axis
Moment of Inertia for an Area
 From the above formulations it is seen that Ix, Iy, and JO will
always be positive, since they involve the product of distance
squared and area.

 Furthermore, the units for moment of inertia involve length

raised to the fourth power, e.g. m4, mm4, ft4, in4
Moment of Inertia for an Area
EXAMPLE
Determine the moment of inertia Ix of the area with respect to the
centroidal x axis
Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area
 If the moment of inertia for an area is known about a
centroidal axis, we can determine the moment of inertia of the
area about a corresponding parallel axis using the parallel-
axis theorem
Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area

 The final result is therefore

 A similar expression can be written for that is

Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area
 And finally, for the polar moment of inertia about an axis
perpendicular to the x–y plane and passing through the pole O
(z axis),

 The form of each of the above equations states that the

moment of inertia of an area about an axis is equal to the
area’s moment of inertia about a parallel axis passing through
the “centroid” plus the product of the area and the square of
the perpendicular distance between the axes.
Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area
EXAMPLE
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area shown in
Fig. about the centroidal x axis
Composite Areas
EXAMPLE
Determine the moment of inertia of the cross-sectional area of the T-
beam shown in Fig. about the centroidal x’ axis
Composite Areas (SOLUTION I)
Composite Areas (SOLUTION II)
Composite Areas
EXAMPLE
Determine the moments of inertia of the beam’s cross-sectional area
shown in Fig. about the x and y centroidal axes.
Composite Areas
Composite Areas
Product of Inertia for an Area
Moment of Inertia for an Area
 The product of inertia for the area A shown in Fig. is defined as

 The product of inertia may be positive, negative, or zero,

depending on the location and orientation of the coordinate axes
Parallel-Axis Theorem
Parallel-Axis Theorem
EXAMPLE
Determine the product of inertia of the beam’s cross-sectional area,
shown in Fig., about the x and y centroidal axes
Parallel-Axis Theorem