ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF

ALBIZIA LEBBECK

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

B.ABDUL BASITH 1506001

R.ARUN POOCHAIYAN 1506008
R.HARIHARAN 1506023

In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI - 600 025

P.S.R. ENGINEERING COLLEGE, SIVAKASI-626 140

(An Autonomous Institution-Affiliated to Anna University)

APRIL - 2019
 P.S.R. ENGINEERING COLLEGE, SIVAKASI - 626 140
(An Autonomous Institution - Affiliated to Anna University)

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES AND

CHARACTERISATION OF ALBIZIA LEBBECK” is the bonafide work of
“ABDUL BASITH.B (1506001), ARUN POOCHAIYAN.R (1506008),
HARIHARAN.R (1506021)” who carried out the project work under my
supervision.

Dr. A.MUTHIAH M.E., Ph.D., Mr. Y. KUMARASAMY M.E.,

PROFESSOR &
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT,
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,
P.S.R. ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
SIVAKASI-626140.
SUPERVISOR,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,
P.S.R. ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
SIVAKASI-626140.

.,

. Submitted for VIVA-VOCE Examination held on …………………

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, we would like to thank God, the Almighty, for having made
everything possible by giving us strength and courage to complete this project
successfully. We acknowledge with great gratitude to all those helped us to
make this project a great success.
At very outset, we express our sincere thanks to our beloved parents,
who haveblessed us with healthy constitution and has bestowed upon us the
required skill to pursue this course.
We unreservedly express our indebtedness to our Managing Trustee and
CorrespondentThiru.R.Solaisamy and Trustee and Director Mrs.S.Vigneswari
Arunkumar B.Tech.,for providing the needed facilities.
It is with deep sense of gratitude that we wish to express our heart thanks
to our beloved Principal Dr.K.Ganesan M.E., Ph.D., FIE for his unbound
dynamism.
We pour our profound gratitude to respected Dr. A.Muthiah M.E.,
Ph.D. Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering for providing ample
facilities made available to undergo the project successfully.
We thank our Supervisor Mr.Y.Kumarasamy M.E., Assistant
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering for his excellent guidance
patiently throughout my project work.
We also wish to express our sincere thanks to our Project Coordinator
Mr.D. Sundarrajan M.E., (Ph.D)Assistant Professor, for having helped us
with excellent suggestions and hints, which facilitated our task very much.
We also bound to thank our Faculty members, Reviewers and
Technicians of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, whose support
and cooperation contributed much to complete this project work.
 ABSTRACT
The ecological consciousness in today’s highly polluted world
necessitates the use of natural materials for environmentally friendly products.
To preserve the environment from petroleum based products there is a quest for
suitable biodegradable natural fibre composites. And were in need those
materials that do not harm the living being and environment as well. And
henceforth we identified the naturally available albizia lebbeck fibre from siris
tree. This deals with the analysis of Albizia Lebbeck fibre for its various
properties. The main objective of this study is to analyse their physical
properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform-infrared
(FT-IR) spectrometry, and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface
morphological analysis of ALFs was conducted by using scanning electron
microscopy (SEM).
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

NO NO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i

ABSTRACT ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

LIST OF FIGURES vii

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF GRAPHS ix

LIST OF ABBREVATION x

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 DEFENITION OF COMPOSITE 1

1.2 CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITES 2

1.3 HYBRID COMPOSITE 4

1.4 NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES 5

1.5 APPLICATION OF NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITES 5

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 6

3 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND METHODOLOGY 10

3.1 AIM 10

3.2 OBJECTIVE 10

3.3 METHODOLOGY 11

4 FIBER 12
4.1 ALBIZIA LEBBECK FIBRE 12
5 TESTING 14
5.1 THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS (TGA) 14
5.2FOURIER TRANSFORM-INFRARED (FTIR) 15
5.3 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE ANALYSIS 17
5.3.1 SAMPLE PREPARATION 19
 5.4 X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRD) ANALYSIS 21
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 23
6.1 MORPHOLOGY 23
6.1.1 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) 23
6.1.2 FOURIER TRANSFORM-INFRARED 24
(FTIR)ANALYSIS
6.1.3 THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS(TGA) 25
6.1.4 X-RAY DIFFRACTION(XRD) 28
7 COST ESTIMATION 36
8 CONCLUSION 37
9 REFERENCES 38
 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
NO NAME OF FIGURES NO
4.1 SIRIS TREE 12
4.2 FIBER EXTRACTED FROM SIRIS TREE 13
4.3 TEST SAMPLE IN POWDERED FORM 13
5.1 TGA TEST EQUIPMENT 14
5.2 FTIR TEST EQUIPMENT 17
5.3 SEM TEST EQUIPMENT 21
5.4 XRD TEST EQUIPMENT 22
6.1 IMAGE 1 23
6.2 IMAGE 2 23
6.3 IMAGE 3 23
6.4 IMAGE 4 23
 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TABLE NAME PAGE
NO NO
7.1 COST ESTIMATION 36
 LIST OF GRAPHS
GRAPH PAGE
NO GRAPH NAME NO
6.1 FTIR SPECTRUM GRAPH 24
6.2 TGA GRAPH 26
6.3 XRD GRAPH 35
 LIST OF ABBREVIATION

MMC METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

CMCCERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES
PMC POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES
FRP FIBER RIENFORCED POLYMER
PRP PARTICLE RIENFORCED POLYMER
SEM SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
TGA THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
XRD X-RAY DIFFRACTION
FTIR FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED ANALYSIS